tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
OC-002 Increased participation in colorectal cancer screening during a pilot of faecal immunochemical test for haemoglobin (FIT) in england
Authors: S Moss, C Mathews, T Day, S Smith, SP Halloran
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The NHS Bowel Cancer Screening Programme (BCSP) in England has used a guaiac faecal occult blood test (gFOBt) since 2006. In April 2014 the BCSP commenced a six-month FIT Pilot study to assess the clinical, financial and organisational implications of adopting FIT. <h3>Method</h3> Two regional BCSP Hubs (Southern and Midlands and North West) and associated Screening Centres participated in the pilot study. One in 28 invitees was offered FIT rather than gFOBt. 30,000 FIT invitations provided adequate power for analysis of FIT uptake compared with gFOBt. The OC-SENSOR FIT system (Eiken Chemical Co. Ltd., Japan) was used with a cut-off for positivity of 20 µg haemoglobin [Hb]/g faeces (100 ng Hb/mL buffer). <h3>Results</h3> 39,460 subjects were sent a FIT and 1,067,120 a gFOBt during the pilot period (April–October 2014). Uptake of FIT was significantly higher than gFOBt (67.6% vs. 60.1%; OR 1.38). The increase in uptake was significantly greater for previous non-responders (FIT 26.6% vs. gFOBt 14.5%; OR 2.13), compared with subjects invited for the first time (61.4% vs 50.2%; OR 1.58) and those who had participated previously (91.0% vs 86.6%; OR 1.57). The increase in uptake was higher in males (FIT 65.5% vs. gFOBt 57.0%; OR 1.89) than females (69.6% vs. 63.2) and was apparent for all quintiles of deprivation. Of particular note is the increase in uptake with FIT compared with gFOBt in the most deprived and traditionally ‘hard-to-reach’ quintile (55.1% vs 46.9%; OR 1.39). Overall positivity was 7.8% with FIT (cut-off 20 µg Hb/g faeces) and 1.7% with gFOBt (OR 4.87). The increase in positivity was similar in males and females and in all deprivation quintiles, but increased with age. Significantly more colorectal cancers (CRC) (0.22% FIT vs. 0.10% gFOBt; OR 2.25) and advanced adenomas (1.56% vs. 0.30%; OR 5.21) were detected with FIT. The PPV for all neoplasms was significantly higher with FIT (54.7% vs. 50.5%; OR 1.18). At a cut-off of 150 µg Hb/g faeces (750 ng Hb/mL buffer), which yielded a positivity for FIT (1.8%) similar to gFOBt, FIT had a higher detection rate and PPV for advanced adenomas and all neoplasms. <h3>Conclusion</h3> FIT significantly increased uptake of screening and provides an opportunity to adjust the faecal Hb concentration cut-off for positivity and thus the burden on colonoscopy resource. Further analysis will determine how the faecal Hb concentration measured by FIT could be incorporated into a multivariate risk score for CRC. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Quartet of Unlikely Discoveries
Authors: John Coghlan
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2005)

In his review of Quartet of Unlikely Discoveries R I S Bayliss concludes that the Taits' achievements might have been more widely acknowledged ‘If only aldosterone had proved more significant in human physiology and had a more important role in human ill-health...’. In fact, aldosterone antagonists have lately entered a new era with the recognition that aldosterone has adverse effects on the heart and is involved in inflammation of the vasculature. Several clinical trials, which are referenced in the text of the book, have shown aldosterone antagonists both new and old to be remarkably effective. Moreover, studies from several centres have shown a substantial prevalence of primary aldosteronism among patients with ‘esssential hypertension’: the diagnostic assays are critical, but rates of 5% to 15% have been cited depending upon the patient watershed and other factors. All this is encapsulated in a recent scholarly review, ‘The new biology of aldosterone’, by J M Connell and Eleanor Davies, J Endocrinol 2005;186:1-20. There are factual errors in Bayliss's book review. The Taits did not contribute to all four fields but only aldosterone; James Tait did not work on DNA for his PhD; the Taits did not work on saturation analysis with Ekins. The book does acknowledge my help and encouragement.
Evaluation of a “Nude” Mouse-Human Tumor Panel as a Predictive Secondary Screen for Cancer Chemotherapeutic Agents&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: R E Bellet, V Danna, M J Mastrangelo, D Berd
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

Nine established human melanoma tissue-cultured cell lines heterotransplanted In C57BL/6 “nude” mice were exposed to each of 4 chemotherapeutic agents of known clinical activity against human melanoma. Two of the therapeutic agents, 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) and 5-(3,3-dlmethyl-1-triazino) imidazole-4-carboxamide (OTIC), are known to be active against human melanoma; the other two, adriamycin and 5-azacytidine, are known to be Inactive. Sterile saline served as a control agent. In 2 cell line heterotransplants, the control tumor spontaneously regressed. Of the 7 cell lines that remained for evaluation, 4 were sensitive to OTIC, 1 was sensitive to BCNU, and none was sensitive to adrlamycln or 5-azacytldlne. These data Indicate that the nude mouse-human tumor model may be a predictive secondary screen for cancer chemotherapeutic agents.
Characterization Of Genes and Pathways From The Comparison Between Bone Marrow B Cells As Well As Plasma Cells Of Waldenström Macroglobulinemia (WM) Vs. IgM Monoclonal Gammopathy Of Undetermined Significance (IgM-MGUS) Vs. Healthy Subjects Using Gene Profiling
Authors: Alessandra Trojani, Milena Lodola, Antonino Greco, Alessandra Tedeschi, Barbara Di Camillo, Francesca Ricci, Anna Maria Frustaci, Mauro Turrini, Enrica Morra
Journal: Blood (2013)
Prognostic Role of Pre-Treatment Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (Nlr) in Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (Mrcc) on Sunitinib Therapy
Authors: K.T. Souza, R. Barroso-Sousa, L.G. Fonseca, C. Dzik
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Genetic Variability and Clinical Presentation of Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (Nsclc) Harboring Met-Amplifications
Authors: A.K. Eisert, M. Scheffler, S. Michels, A. Schultheis, K. König, S. Merkelbach-Bruse, M. Serke, Y. Ko, U. Gerigk, T. Geist, L.C. Heukamp, R. Büttner, J. Wolf
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Systematic analysis of overall survival and interactions between tumor mutations and drug treatment
Authors: Francesco Gatto, Jens Nielsen
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2016)

Few exceptional responses in cancer treatment were attributed to a genetic predisposition of the tumor. We analyzed a cohort of 3105 patients from 12 different cancer types and systematically sought the existence of a correlation between overall survival and the interaction of 21 antineoplastic treatments with 6 tumor mutations. We identified a single significant correlation resulting in increased overall survival from temozolomide in lower-grade glioma with IDH1 R132H mutations. The trend could not be attributed to either the treatment or the mutation alone. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression demonstrated that this interaction stood as an independent prognostic predictor of survival. Our results suggest infrequent instances of exceptional responses ascribable to tumor genomics yet corroborate the existence of an interaction of temozolomide with IDH1 mutations in lower-grade glioma.
Interleukin-2 (hrIL2) Primed T cells display Reduced Alloproliferative Capacity In Vitro Due To Induction Of FOXP3+ Regulatory Cells
Authors: Dimitra Kokkinou, Panagiota Stamou, Angeliki Vittoraki, Anne-Lise De Lastic, Spyros Chondropoulos, A. John Barrett, Alexandros Spyridonidis
Journal: Blood (2013)
Abstract 13363: Fate Mapping of CXCR4+ Cells in the Ischemic Heart Utilizing a Novel CXCR4 (BAC)-EGFP Transgenic Mouse Model
Authors: Marc-Michael Zaruba, Maximilian Doppelhammer Doppelhammer, Sarah Kuhlenthal, Wolfgang-Michael Franz
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Objective: Data from our lab suggest that stabilization of the cardiac SDF-1/CXCR4 axis preserves myocardial function and attenuates ischemic cardiomyopathy. However, the basic mechanisms of SDF-1/...
Phase II study of maintenance carboplatin in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer after complete response to platinum based combination
Authors: T. Safra, M. Inbar, D. Matceyevsky, F. Kovner, V. Soifer, I. G. Ron
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

5122 Background: Five years survival of patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is 25–40% and once the disease recurs, treatment is mainly palliative. We evaluated whether continued treatment with carboplatin for an extended one-year period in women with complete response after platinum based combination, could prolong time to progression (TTP) and overall survival (OS). Methods: 14 patients were assigned to the protocol between 2/1996 to 6/2002 at the Oncology Division in Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center. Protocol schedule was: administration of Carbopltin at an AUC=6, three treatments every 2 months followed by two treatments once every three months (for a total of one year). All patients were previously treated with platinum based combinations and had achieved complete response (CR) by CT-scan and serum CA-125. Results: As of December 2003 with a median follow up of 42 months (range 18–93 months), the median TTP is 28 months (range 8–93+ months), and a median OS of 42 months (range 18–93+ months). Eight patients are still in complete remission and two more patients are still alive with disease. Conclusions: One year treatment (5 cycles) of single agent carboplatin that was administered to women with advanced EOC who achieved CR on platinum based chemotherapy as a first line, significantly prolonged TTP and OS compared to historical control. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Effect of Aminoacetonitrile on the Metabolism of Dimethylnitrosamine and Methylation of RNA During Liver Carcinogenesis2
Authors: D. Hadjiolov, D. Mundt
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Journal Article Effect of Aminoacetonitrile on the Metabolism of Dimethylnitrosamine and Methylation of RNA During Liver Carcinogenesis Get access D. Hadjiolov, D. Hadjiolov Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D. Mundt D. Mundt 4Institut fur experirnentelle Toxikologie und Chernetherapie am Deutschen Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, Germany. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 52, Issue 3, March 1974, Pages 753–756, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/52.3.753 Published: 01 March 1974 Article history Received: 24 July 1973 Accepted: 21 September 1973 Published: 01 March 1974
Interphase FISH Analysis Of Multiple Myeloma Molecular Risk At First Relapse: Results From The BSBMT/Ukmf Myeloma X (Intensive) Trial
Authors: Gordon Cook, John Ashcroft, Cathy D. Williams, David A Cairns, Marie Fletcher, Christopher Parrish, James D. Cavenagh, John A Snowden, Sheila J O'Connor, Roger G Owen, Julia Brown, Treen Morris
Journal: Blood (2013)
Phase 2 reentry as a mechanism of initiation of circus movement reentry in canine epicardium exposed to simulated ischemia
Authors: A LUKAS, C ANTZELEVITCH
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1996)

Abstract Objectives: Myocardial ischemia results in an early phase of arrhythmias that primarily involves reentrant mechanisms. However, the trigger that initiates reentry remains unknown. We studied the initiation of reentry attending the development of electrical heterogeneity during simulated ischemia in isolated canine right ventricular subepicardium. Methods: Preparations consisted of thin epicardial sheets in which action potentials were recorded at 4 sites with intracellular microelectrodes. Tissues were superfused with a hyperkalemic, hypoxic and acidotic 'ischemic' solution. Results: Simulated ischemia produced a 40-70% abbreviation of the action potential at some epicardial sites but not others, primarily by suppressing development of the action potential plateau (or dome). This typically created a marked dispersion of repolarization within the preparation. Local re-excitation ensued when the action potential dome propagated from sites where it was maintained to sites where it was abolished. This mechanism, termed 'phase 2 reentry', produced an extrasystole which then initiated one or more cycles of circus movement reentry. Tachycardias consisting of repetitive reentry occurred in larger tissues. The window for reentry occurred over a range of stimulation rates that shifted to faster rates as ischemia progressed. The transient outward current blocker, 4-aminopyridine, restored the dome at all sites by reversing the ischemia-induced abbreviation of the action potential. Thus, block of the transient outward current restored electrical homogeneity and abolished all reentrant activity within the epicardial preparations. Conclusion: Our results implicate phase 2 reentry as a new mechanism for genesis of extrasystoles during simulated ischemia and identify this mechanism as a trigger of circus movement reentry. Validation of this hypothesis awaits the results of future studies using high-resolution recording techniques.
Tuberculosis and migration: Predictors of epidemiological trends
Authors: Inna Golubeva, Viacheslav Zhuravlev, Nataly Skrynnik
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Last years economic migration to the big cities of Russian Federation (RF) from other regions of RF and former Soviet republics has considerably increased. Since 2011 free diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) and free TB-treatment are not available for foreigners in St. Petersburg, RF.  Objective: to determine the impact of health care changes on the incidence of TB.  Methods: The study was conducted in the district of St. Petersburg. The population of this district was 178,000. From 01.01.2008 an office for migrants has opened at the TB dispensary. All persons including migrants who addressed the TB dispensary during 2008-2011 were examined. The causes for examination were symptoms of tuberculosis or casual radiological findings. Examinations and treatment were free for all patients. Until 2008, there was no systematic recording of TB in migrants.  Results: During 2008-2010 the number of new TB cases in local population decreased, the number of infectious TB has decreased in local population and in migrants. The number of new cases of TB in children (local population and migrants) has decreased. In 2011, the trend reversed.  Conclusions: To ensure effective control of tuberculosis free access to health care is required for all TB patients, including migrants.
A Place to Stay
Authors: Bennett W. Clark
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Accumulation Of Gene Alterations Of TP53, Crebbp and IKZF1 Is a Prognostic Factor In Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Kenji Tokunaga, Shunichro Yamaguchi, Taizo Shimomura, Hitoshi Suzushima, Yutaka Okuno, Hiroaki Mitsuya, Norio Asou
Journal: Blood (2013)
Phase II study of interferon alfa-2a, recombinant (Roferon-A) in metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
Authors: A C Buzaid, A Robertone, C Kisala, S E Salmon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1987)

In an attempt to decrease toxicity without compromising efficacy, 22 patients with locally advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) were treated with recombinant interferon alfa-2a (rIFN alpha 2a, Roferon-A; Hoffman-LaRoche, Nutley, NJ) intramuscularly (IM) beginning at a dose of 3 X 10(6) U/d with incremental dose escalations to the highest dose of 36 X 10(6) U/d if tolerated, for a total induction period of 10 weeks. Patients demonstrating complete (CR), partial (PR), or minor (MR) responses or stabilization were continued on a maintenance regimen of the highest tolerated dose administered three times weekly until disease progression. Doses administered during maintenance were individually determined as the maximum dose that resulted in only mild toxicity. No CRs were achieved. Partial responses were observed in 23% of the patients with a median duration of response of 8.0 months (range, 1 to 17+). The majority of interferon side effects were seen during the induction phase, which was also the period requiring the most frequent adjustments in dose. In comparison to another study using similar toxicity criteria, overall toxicity was reduced in severity, most probably due to the study design, which allowed individual tailoring of doses. The use of an initial induction phase employing rapid dose escalation followed by a well-tolerated maintenance phase appeared to be a reasonable strategy. The therapeutic results to date represent a modest advance. An optimal dosage, route, and schedule for interferon administration for metastatic renal cancer is not yet clearly established.
Transplantation of a human iPSC-derived hepatocyte sheet increases survival in mice with acute liver failure
Authors: Yasuhito Nagamoto, Kazuo Takayama, Kazuo Ohashi, Ryota Okamoto, Fuminori Sakurai, Masashi Tachibana, Kenji Kawabata, Hiroyuki Mizuguchi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2016)

<h3>Background & Aims</h3> Hepatocyte transplantation is one of the most attractive approaches for the treatment of patients with liver failure. Because human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatocyte-like cells (iPS-HLCs) can be produced on a large scale and generated from a patient with liver failure, they are expected to be used for hepatocyte transplantation. However, when using conventional transplantation methods, i.e., intrasplenic or portal venous infusion, it is difficult to control the engraftment efficiency and avoid unexpected engraftment in other organs because the transplanted cells are delivered into blood circulation before their liver engraftment. <h3>Methods</h3> In this study, to resolve these issues, we attempted to employ a cell sheet engineering technology for experimental hepatocyte transplantation. The human iPS-HLC sheets were attached onto the liver surfaces of mice with liver injury. <h3>Results</h3> This method reduced unexpected engraftment in organs other than the liver compared to that by intrasplenic transplantation. Human albumin levels in the mice with human iPS-HLC sheets were significantly higher than those in the intrasplenically-transplanted mice, suggesting the high potential for cell engraftment of the sheet transplantation procedure. In addition, human iPS-HLC sheet transplantation successfully ameliorated lethal acute liver injury induced by the infusion of carbon tetrachloride (CCl<sub>4</sub>). Moreover, we found that the hepatocyte growth factor secreted from the human iPS-HLC sheet played an important role in rescuing of mice from acute hepatic failure. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Human iPS-HLC sheet transplantation would be a useful and reliable therapeutic approach for a patient with severe liver diseases.
Factors affecting survival in superior sulcus tumors.
Authors: T M Anderson, P M Moy, E C Holmes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1986)

Fifty-five patients with superior sulcus syndrome were treated at the UCLA Medical Center and Wadsworth VA Hospital (Los Angeles) between 1956 and 1985. Twenty-eight underwent surgery, six of whom were found unresectable at the time of thoracotomy. Twenty-one of 22 in the resected group received preoperative irradiation. Twenty-seven patients received radiation only. Surgical morbidity was 21%, and there were two in-hospital deaths. Five-year survival for extended resection patients was 34%. The radiation only group had no 5-year survivors. Factors associated with a worse prognosis include positive margins, N2 disease, and vertebral body involvement. The best results for superior sulcus tumors are obtained by preoperative irradiation followed by en bloc resection of the tumor. In the event complete resection is impossible, radiation has a role in palliation of pain with occasional prolonged survival.
Cardiac Fibroblasts Are Essential for the Adaptive Response of the Heart to Pressure Overload
Authors: Norifumi Takeda
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Abstract #3058 Norifumi Takeda, Ichiro Manabe, Yuichi Uchino, The Univ of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Takayuki Shindo, Shinshu Univ Graduate Sch of Med, Matsumoto, Japan; Motoaki Sano, Keio Univ Sch of Med, Tokyo, Japan; Kinya Otsu, Osaka Univ Graduate Sch of Med, Suita, Japan; Paige Snider, Simon J Conway, Indiana Univ of Med, Indianapolis, IN; Ryozo Nagai, The Univ of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Norifumi Takeda, 2009 Finalist and Presenting Author
Brief Communication: Gallium-67 Citrate Uptake by Cultured Tumor Cells, Stimulated by Serum Transferrin234
Authors: R. G. Sephton, A. W. Harris
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

The uptake of the tumor scanning agent 67-Ga citrate by cultured mouse tumor cells wqs greatly enhanced with small additons of certain sera to the culture medium. This stimulation of uptake was due to a macromolecular serum component, provisionally identified with transferrin. The response under optimum conditions was so great as to suggest that the 67-Ga uptake process depends entirely on the action of transferrin. The same mechanism probably operates in vivo and may help explain interesting features of the tracer's tissue distribution, particularly its tumor affinity.
Enhanced toxicity of dactinomycin and vincristine by cyclosporine given to reverse multidrug resistance.
Authors: F Cowie, C R Pinkerton
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1994)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1994.12.9.1998 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 8083726 Enhanced toxicity of dactinomycin and vincristine by cyclosporine given to reverse multidrug resistance. F CowiexF CowieSearch for articles by this author , C R PinkertonxC R PinkertonSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1994.12.9.1998 PDF "Enhanced toxicity of dactinomycin and vincristine by cyclosporine given to reverse multidrug resistance.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 12(9), pp. 1998–1999© 1994 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Two Chemotherapy-Based Conditioning Regimens Compared To TBI-Based Conditioning Secure Consistent Engraftment Of T-Cell Depleted Allogeneic HSCT, Similarly Low Incidences Of Gvhd and Favorable Rates Of Disease-Free Survival (DFS)
Authors: Guenther Koehne, Farid Boulad, Elizabeth G Klein, Juliet N Barker, H.R. Castro-Malaspina, Kevin J. Curran, Sergio A Giralt, Jenna D Goldberg, Aisha N. Hasan, Glenn Heller, Katharine C. Hsu, Ann A. Jakubowski, Nancy A. Kernan, Rachel Kobos, Esperanza B. Papadopoulos, Miguel-Angel Perales, Doris M Ponce, Susan E. Prockop, Craig S. Sauter, Andromachi Scaradavou, Marcel R.M. van den Brink, James W. Young, Richard J. O'Reilly
Journal: Blood (2013)