tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 49: Over-activation Of Natural Killer Cells Due To Dysfunction Of Cd16-mediated Signaling In Adamts13-deficient Ttp Patients With A History Of Relapse
Authors: FANG ZHOU, Darise Farris
Journal: Circulation Research (2014)

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare life-threaten vascular autoimmune disease. There is no effective method to treat it in clinical trials since pathogenesis of TTP has not been fully elucidated. Here we investigate the role of NK cells in relapse development of TTP. Our results showed that the frequencies of CD3 − CD56 dim CD16 − and CD3 − CD56 bri CD16 − NK cells are increased in TTP patients with a history of relapse. Expression of CD107a, granzyme A and IFN-γ by CD3 − CD56 dim NK cells following in vitro stimulation with PMA/ionomycin / monensin is improved in the relapse group, compared with those on NK cells derived from TTP patients without relapse development. NK cells isolated from TTP patients with a history of relapse indicated stronger cytotoxicity to target K562 cells than those of NK cells derived from TTP patients without relapse development, suggesting prior activation of NK cells in vivo . Treatment with anti-human CD16 antibody up-regulates cytotoxicity of NK cells derived from TTP patients without relapse development. However, Anti-human CD16 antibody treatment does not affect cytotoxicity of NK cells isolated from TTP patients with a history of relapse, suggesting inability of CD16-mediated signaling in NK cells derived from TTP patients with relapse development. These data provide evidence of altered NK cell activation and/or licensing in TTP patients with a history of relapse modulated by CD16-mediated signaling and a new avenue of investigation into mechanisms of TTP immunopathogenesis.
Therapy-related acute promyelocytic leukemia with t(15;17) (q22;ql2) following chemotherapy with drugs targeting DNA topoisomerase II. A report of two cases and a review of the literature
Authors: L. Hoffmann, P. Möller, J. Pedersen-Bjergaard, A. Waage, M. Pedersen, F.R. Hirsch
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1995)
Specific antigen(s) in sarcoidosis: a link to autoimmunity?
Authors: Gernot Zissel, Joachim Müller-Quernheim
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2016)

Pulmonary sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease of unknown origin characterised by an increase in immune cells in the lower respiratory tract, mainly macrophages and CD4+ T-cells. These cells bear signs of regular activation by a nominal antigen, and release cytokines and chemokines shaping and driving the disease progression [1]. In sarcoidosis, do microbes induce autoreactive T-cells by antigen mimicry? <http://ow.ly/Ux0cR>
Comparison of Omalizumab Therapy Effectiveness in Patients with Hypersensitivity to Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAID) and Patients Who Tolerate NSAID (non-NSAID) – Polish Real Life Experience
Authors: Izabela R. Kuprys-Lipinska, Pawel Majak, Joanna Molinska, Mateusz Jonakowski, Piotr Kuna
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Use of an over-the-scope clip and a colonoscope for complete hemostasis of a duodenal diverticular bleed
Authors: Shintaro Fujihara, Hirohito Mori, Hideki Kobara, Noriko Nishiyama, Maki Ayaki, Toshiaki Nakatsu, Tsutomu Masaki
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

Duodenal diverticular bleeding has traditionally required invasive surgical repair. With improvements in endoscopic devices, endoscopic treatment has become the main therapy for such bleeding [1] [2]. However, the question of which endoscopic devices should be used is still controversial because of complications and recurrent bleeding after treatment [3]. A newly developed device, the over-the-scope clip (OTSC) [4], has been reported to be useful for treatment of bleeding gastrointestinal lesions that are resistant to conventional therapy [5]. Here we report the first case of complete hemostasis using an OTSC system and a colonoscope for bleeding from a Dieulafoy lesion that was located in a duodenal diverticulum and was resistant to conventional therapy.
Deafness
Authors: E. Whetnall
Journal: BMJ (1965)

Methods of detection, diagnosis, and management of deafness in children depend so entirely on a knowledge of the processes involved in communication by speech and in the acquisition of this skill that I propose to consider them first.It will be found that the practical steps to be taken in dealing with patients flow naturally from this knowledge. Hearing and SpeechUntil recent years it was thought that the hearing of the child born deaf was, in most cases, of no value in enabling him to learn to talk and this idea was so ingrained that little attempt was made to use what hearing he had.Now it is known that very few, if any, of these children have no hearing at all and that even the smallest amount of hearing is of the greatest value.The explanation of this depends on realizing how a language is learnt.Too few people know how this is done, for an individual takes in his own native language at such an early age and so painlessly that he is completely unaware of his knowledge.A vast store of linguistic information is laid down in the auditory SPEAKER LISTENER Medium of communication Motor Speech Hearing Sensory BR nerves mechanism mechanism nerves
A new enkephalinase inhibitor as an alternative to loperamide in the prevention of diarrhea induced by CPT-11.
Authors: E Gonçalves, L de Costa, D Abigerges, J P Armand
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1995)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1995.13.8.2144 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 7636561 A new enkephalinase inhibitor as an alternative to loperamide in the prevention of diarrhea induced by CPT-11. E GonçalvesxE GonçalvesSearch for articles by this author , L de CostaxL de CostaSearch for articles by this author , D AbigergesxD AbigergesSearch for articles by this author , J P ArmandxJ P ArmandSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1995.13.8.2144 PDF "A new enkephalinase inhibitor as an alternative to loperamide in the prevention of diarrhea induced by CPT-11.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 13(8), pp. 2144–2146© 1995 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
A new method of classification for psychophysiologic disorders
Authors: J G Looney, M R Lipp, R L Spitzer
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1978)

The authors suggest that there are a number of shortcomings in DSM-II's classification system for psychophysiologic disorders, which lists this group of disorders as a distinct group of diseases different from other organic diseases. They propose a new, multiaxial method of classification in which the clinician could indicate the role of psychological factors in the initiation, exacerbation, or maintenance of any physical disorder. This method would make it possible for the first time in psychiatric nomenclature to indicate a clinical judgment of the importance of psychological factors in all physical disorders rather than focusing on a small group of illnesses traditionally regarded as psychosomatic or psychophysiologic.
Two Anatomically and Computationally Distinct Learning Signals Predict Changes to Stimulus-Outcome Associations in Hippocampus
Authors: Erie D. Boorman, Vani G. Rajendran, Jill X. O’Reilly, Tim E. Behrens
Journal: Neuron (2016)

Complex cognitive processes require sophisticated local processing but also interactions between distant brain regions. It is therefore critical to be able to study distant interactions between local computations and the neural representations they act on. Here we report two anatomically and computationally distinct learning signals in lateral orbitofrontal cortex (lOFC) and the dopaminergic ventral midbrain (VM) that predict trial-by-trial changes to a basic internal model in hippocampus. To measure local computations during learning and their interaction with neural representations, we coupled computational fMRI with trial-by-trial fMRI suppression. We find that suppression in a medial temporal lobe network changes trial-by-trial in proportion to stimulus-outcome associations. During interleaved choice trials, we identify learning signals that relate to outcome type in lOFC and to reward value in VM. These intervening choice feedback signals predicted the subsequent change to hippocampal suppression, suggesting a convergence of signals that update the flexible representation of stimulus-outcome associations.
Phase I study of subcutaneously administered interleukin-2 in combination with interferon alfa-2a in patients with advanced cancer.
Authors: B L Gause, M Sznol, W C Kopp, J E Janik, J W Smith, R G Steis, W J Urba, W Sharfman, R G Fenton, S P Creekmore, J Holmlund, K C Conlon, L A VanderMolen, D L Longo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1996)

PURPOSE Although high-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) can produce durable remissions in a subset of responding patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC), this occurs in the setting of significant toxicity. The purpose of this study is to define the maximum-tolerated dosage (MTD) of IL-2 and interferon alfa-2a (IFN alpha-2a) that can be administered chronically on an outpatient basis. PATIENTS AND METHODS Fifty-three patients with advanced cancer of variable histology with good prognostic features were treated in six cohorts. Patients in cohorts one through five received IL-2 (1.5 or 3.0 x 10(6) million units (mU)/m2) Monday through Friday and IFN alpha-2a (1.5 or 3 x 10(6) mU/m2) daily for a 4-week cycle. In cohort six, IFN alpha-2a was given three times a week. Immunologic monitoring, including serum levels of soluble IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R) and neopterin, flow cytometry, and natural killer cell (NK) activity, were measured. Patients were evaluated for toxicity, response, and survival. RESULTS Almost all patients developed grade I/II toxicities commonly associated with cytokine therapy. Symptoms were most severe with the first treatment of each week. Dose-limiting toxicities included grade III fatigue, hypotension, and creatinine elevations. The MTD was 1.5 mU/m2 daily x 5 given subcutaneously repeated weekly for IL-2 and 1.5 mU/m2 daily subcutaneously (dose level 3) for IFN. Six of 25 assessable patients with RCC (24%) achieved a partial response (PR), including four of eight patients who were previously untreated. There were no objective responses in patients with other tumors, including 12 melanoma patients. CONCLUSION IL-2 and IFN alpha-2a can be given with tolerable toxicities on an outpatient basis and shows significant activity in patients with metastatic RCC.
Abstract 16641: Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting vs. Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Using Drug-Eluting Stenting in Patients With Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Six Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Zaher Fanari, Sandra A Weiss, Wei Zhang, William S Weintraub
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) are established strategies for coronary revascularization in the setting of ischemic heart disease. T...
Evolving Approaches in Research and Care for Ovarian Cancers
Authors: Douglas A. Levine, Beth Y. Karlan, Jerome F. Strauss
Journal: JAMA (2016)

This Viewpoint discusses a recent report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine that emphasizes the latest knowledge in ovarian cancer research and recommends approaches that will benefit outcomes for women with or at risk for ovarian cancer.
TOX expression in cutaneous T-cell lymphomas: an adjunctive diagnostic marker that is not tumour specific and not restricted to the CD4<sup>+</sup> CD8<sup>−</sup>phenotype
Authors: A.M.R. Schrader, P.M. Jansen, R. Willemze
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2016)

TOX (thymocyte selection-associated high-mobility group box) was shown to be aberrantly expressed in mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS) and is suggested to have additional diagnostic value. However, data on expression in other types of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) are scarce and it is unknown whether TOX is expressed only by MF with a CD4(+) CD8(-) phenotype.To investigate TOX expression in various types of CTCL with different T-cell phenotypes.Immunohistochemical expression of TOX was evaluated on 153 skin biopsies of 132 patients with CTCL and 60 patients with benign inflammatory dermatoses (BIDs).TOX was expressed by > 50% of the neoplastic T cells in 49 of 59 patients (83%) with MF and in 19 of 22 patients (86%) with SS. The TOX(+) cases of MF included 34 of 35 cases (97%) with a CD4(+) CD8(-) phenotype, but also five of eight cases (63%) with a CD4(-) CD8(+) phenotype and 10 of 16 cases (63%) with a CD4(-) CD8(-) phenotype. TOX expression in other types of CTCL was common but showed variable intensity. Although only one of 60 patients (2%) with a BID expressed TOX in > 50% of the skin-infiltrating T cells, some caution is warranted, as the majority of BIDs had TOX(+) T cells varying between 11% and 50%.TOX expression is not tumour specific, is not restricted to CTCL with a CD4(+) CD8(-) phenotype, and, on its own, is insufficient for diagnosis of CTCL. However, it may have an adjunctive diagnostic role in conjunction with other clinical and histological data.
Protecting breast feeding from breast milk substitutes. Royal college supports promotion of breast feeding. Authors reply [letter]
Authors: Costello A, Sachdev Hs
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Jacobs (of the Infant and Dietetic Foods Association) and Bronner (of the International Association of Infant Food Manufacturers) object to a peer-reviewed interagency study of widespread violations of the international code of the World Health Organization (WHO) regarding marketing of breast milk substitutes.  They say that the study has been severely criticized but provide no published peer-reviewed references in support of this.  They say that the code does not apply to follow-on formulas but the code specifically states that it applies to any product marketed to replace breast milk partially or totally.  They seek to avoid honoring the code by citing local regulations.  Although not all components of the code are established in national legislation in many countries the industry agreed to abide by the code when it was written in 1981.  Marcovitch et al. state that the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health will support breast feeding with stronger measures and that they will not accept donations from formula manufacturers until receipt of a report from their ethics committee.  However they refused to join the interagency study because of concerns about research methodology.  If the college fully supported the code it should have joined the study and corrected the research methodology.  The college research unit commenting on the methodology is funded by Nestle which represents a conflict of interests.
Bowel cancer categorisation into four subtypes could help to guide treatment, doctors say
Authors: Jacqui Wise
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Researchers have discovered four distinct subtypes of bowel cancer, each with a definite set of genetic and biological characteristics, which may help the development of tailored treatment.

The study, published in Nature Medicine ,1 looked at data from 3443 patients with bowel cancer from around the world. The data included information on genetic mutations, gene …
ADAMTS13-mediated thrombolysis of t-PA–resistant occlusions in ischemic stroke in mice
Authors: Frederik Denorme, Friederike Langhauser, Linda Desender, Aline Vandenbulcke, Hanspeter Rottensteiner, Barbara Plaimauer, Olivier François, Tommy Andersson, Hans Deckmyn, Friedrich Scheiflinger, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Karen Vanhoorelbeke, Simon F. De Meyer
Journal: Blood (2016)
Correction: Vitamin D and Risk of Multiple Sclerosis: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Lauren E. Mokry, Stephanie Ross, Omar S. Ahmad, Vincenzo Forgetta, George Davey Smith, David Goltzman, Aaron Leong, Celia M. T. Greenwood, George Thanassoulis, J. Brent Richards
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2016)

Dr. David Goltzman is not included in the author byline. He should be listed as the sixth author and affiliated with Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The contributions of this author are as follows: Contributed to the application of the methods and the interpretation of the findings.

The correct citation is: Mokry LE, Ross S, Ahmad OS, Forgetta V, Smith GD, Goltzman D, et al. (2015) Vitamin D and Risk of Multiple Sclerosis: A Mendelian Randomization Study. PLoS Med 12(8): e1001866. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001866

In addition, Fig 2 is incorrect. The authors have provided a corrected version here. The direction of one arrow has been changed, and the label ‘UVB’ has been added.



Fig 2

Vitamin D pathway.
The IASLC Lung Cancer Staging Project: Summary of Proposals for Revisions of the Classification of Lung Cancers with Multiple Pulmonary Sites of Involvement in the Forthcoming Eighth Edition of the TNM Classification
Authors: Frank C. Detterbeck, Andrew G. Nicholson, Wilbur A. Franklin, Edith M. Marom, William D. Travis, Nicolas Girard, Douglas A. Arenberg, Vanessa Bolejack, Jessica S. Donington, Peter J. Mazzone, Lynn T. Tanoue, Valerie W. Rusch, John Crowley, Hisao Asamura, Ramón Rami-Porta, Peter Goldstraw, Ramón Rami-Porta, Hisao Asamura, David Ball, David G. Beer, Ricardo Beyruti, Vanessa Bolejack, Kari Chansky, John Crowley, Frank Detterbeck, Wilfried Ernst Erich Eberhardt, John Edwards, Françoise Galateau-Sallé, Dorothy Giroux, Fergus Gleeson, Patti Groome, James Huang, Catherine Kennedy, Jhingook Kim, Young Tae Kim, Laura Kingsbury, Haruhiko Kondo, Mark Krasnik, Kaoru Kubota, Antoon Lerut, Gustavo Lyons, Mirella Marino, Edith M. Marom, Jan van Meerbeeck, Alan Mitchell, Takashi Nakano, Andrew G. Nicholson, Anna Nowak, Michael Peake, Thomas Rice, Kenneth Rosenzweig, Enrico Ruffini, Valerie Rusch, Nagahiro Saijo, Paul Van Schil, Jean-Paul Sculier, Lynn Shemanski, Kelly Stratton, Kenji Suzuki, Yuji Tachimori, Charles F. Thomas, William Travis, Ming S. Tsao, Andrew Turrisi, Johan Vansteenkiste, Hirokazu Watanabe, Yi-Long Wu, Paul Baas, Jeremy Erasmus, Seiki Hasegawa, Kouki Inai, Kemp Kernstine, Hedy Kindler, Lee Krug, Kristiaan Nackaerts, Harvey Pass, David Rice, Conrad Falkson, Pier Luigi Filosso, Giuseppe Giaccone, Kazuya Kondo, Marco Lucchi, Meinoshin Okumura, Eugene Blackstone, Jeremy Erasmus, Douglas Flieder, Myrna Godoy, Jin Mo Goo, Lawrence R. Goodman, Jim Jett, Paul de Leyn, Alberto Marchevsky, Heber MacMahon, David Naidich, Morohito Okada, Marina Perlman, Charles Powell, Paul van Schil, Ming S. Tsao, Arne Warth, F. Abad Cavaco, E. Ansótegui Barrera, J. Abal Arca, I. Parente Lamelas, A. Arnau Obrer, R. Guijarro Jorge, D. Ball, G.K. Bascom, A.I. Blanco Orozco, M.A. González Castro, M.G. Blum, D. Chimondeguy, V. Cvijanovic, S. Defranchi, B. de Olaiz Navarro, I. Escobar Campuzano, I. Macía Vidueira, E. Fernández Araujo, F. Andreo García, K.M. Fong, G. Francisco Corral, S. Cerezo González, J. Freixinet Gilart, L. García Arangüena, S. García Barajas, P. Girard, T. Goksel, M.T. González Budiño, G. González Casaurrán, J.A. Gullón Blanco, J. Hernández, H. Hernández Rodríguez, J. Herrero Collantes, M. Iglesias Heras, J.M. Izquierdo Elena, E. Jakobsen, S. Kostas, P. León Atance, A. Núñez Ares, M. Liao, M. Losanovscky, G. Lyons, R. Magaroles, L. De Esteban Júlvez, M. Mariñán Gorospe, B. McCaughan, C. Kennedy, R. Melchor Íñiguez, L. Miravet Sorribes, S. Naranjo Gozalo, C. Álvarez de Arriba, M. Núñez Delgado, J. Padilla Alarcón, J.C. Peñalver Cuesta, J.S. Park, H. Pass, M.J. Pavón Fernández, M. Rosenberg, E. Ruffini, V. Rusch, J. Sánchez de Cos Escuín, A. Saura Vinuesa, M. Serra Mitjans, T.E. Strand, D. Subotic, S. Swisher, R. Terra, C. Thomas, K. Tournoy, P. Van Schil, M. Velasquez, Y.L. Wu, K. Yokoi
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2016)
Cutaneous angiosarcoma of the head and neck.
Authors: P. K. Pandalai, J. L. Hornick, Q. Wang, J. A. Morgan, S. George, E. H. Baldini, P. M. Devlin, C. P. Raut
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

10067 Background: Surgical management of cutaneous angiosarcoma (AS) of the head and neck (HN) in the absence of adjuvant therapy is associated with rapid recurrence and median survival of <30 mo. We reviewed the results of our experience with multimodality therapy. Methods: Of 395 patients (pts) with primary AS referred to our institution between 1990 and 2009, 80 (20%) had HN AS. We analyzed the prognostic value of tumor, patient, and treatment variables on progression-free and overall survival (PFS, OS) in the subset of 47 pts who underwent primary treatment at our institution. OS and PFS were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier technique and compared using a two- sided log-rank test. Results: In this cohort, median age was 72 years, 72% were men, median tumor size was 3cm (range 1–16cm), 37% were multifocal, and 47% were high-grade. Thirty-two pts (68%) were treated with 2 (20 pts) or 3 (12 pts) modalities. Among the 26 pts (55%) who underwent surgery, margins were microscopically positive in 12 (46%). Tumor progression after therapy was loco-regional in 22 pts (47%) and distant in 10 pts (21%). Median (5-yr) PFS and OS were 16mo (11%) and 40mo (35%), respectively. Pattern of progression did not impact PFS or OS. Although not statistically significant, median OS trended in favor of surgery over no surgery (59mo vs. 31mo) and local over systemic therapy (76mo vs. 40mo). Tumor size was a significant prognostic factor; pts with T1 (v. T2) tumors had better median PFS (23mo vs. 9mo, p<0.0001) and OS (76mo vs. 47mo, p=0.04). The sequence of surgery and radiation did not affect PFS in pts undergoing both, but median OS was better in pts who had surgery first (60mo vs. 40mo, p<0.05). Conclusions: HN AS remains a highly aggressive malignancy with a propensity for recurrence. AJCC T stage is associated with PFS and OS. Observed trends may be secondary to pt selection bias. While the median OS observed after our multimodality approach is better than historic controls, larger studies are necessary to determine which patients may benefit from multi-modality therapy, and in which order optimal outcomes are observed. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Novartis
Ectopic Fat in Insulin Resistance, Dyslipidemia, and Cardiometabolic Disease
Authors: Juan J Aragón, Oscar H Martínez-Costa
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

To the Editor: Shulman (Sept. 18 issue)1 theorized that ectopic fat plays a major role in the development of insulin resistance. We speculate, however, that insulin resistance may be caused by another major pathway, in which glucose itself, at high levels, plays a critical role. Reasonable evidence has shown that when glucose levels are elevated, glucose molecules may randomly bind to proteins similar to the insulin receptor on the plasma membrane of the cell and in time become advanced glycation end products.2 Circulating insulin levels would easily fail to dock properly with the advanced glycation end product deposited on the insulin receptor and would therefore fail to initiate the glucose-transport process, effectively causing insulin resistance.3 This pathway for glycation-induced insulin resistance would explain why insulin resistance often develops in persons who are not obese and who probably do not have substantial ectopic fat.