tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Rheumatoid arthritis, TNF inhibitors, and non-melanoma skin cancer
Authors: Shervin Assassi
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Most of the excess risk is related to the disease, not the treatment

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are the two most common types of non-melanoma skin cancer. Epidemiological studies have indicated that the incidence of non-melanoma skin cancers is higher in patients with rheumatoid arthritis than in the general population.1 2 Further concerns exist that immunosuppression contributes to an increased prevalence of these malignancies. Specifically, organ transplantation and the concomitant use of immunosuppressive agents is strongly associated with SCC and to a lesser extent with BCC.3 4 Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors are the most commonly used biological immunosuppressive agents for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Pooled data from 74 randomized controlled trials showed that TNF inhibitors were associated with an increase in risk of non-melanoma skin cancer beyond the risk associated with rheumatoid arthritis alone.5 Several large observational studies have supported this finding,6 7 but others have not.8 9 …
Will Biomarkers Determine What Is Next in Multiple Sclerosis?
Authors: Olaf Stüve, Michael K. Racke
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Development and validation of a noninvasive prediction model for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis resolution after lifestyle intervention
Authors: Eduardo Vilar‐Gomez, Ali Yasells‐Garcia, Yadina Martinez‐Perez, Luis Calzadilla‐Bertot, Ana Torres‐Gonzalez, Bienvenido Gra‐Oramas, Licet Gonzalez‐Fabian, Oscar Villa‐Jimenez, Scott L. Friedman, Moises Diago, Manuel Romero‐Gomez
Journal: Hepatology (2016)

Liver biopsy is the gold standard method to assess nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) resolution after therapeutic interventions. We developed and validated a simple and noninvasive scoring system to predict NASH resolution without fibrosis worsening after 1 year of lifestyle intervention. This was a prospective cohort study conducted in 261 patients with histologically proven NASH who were treated with lifestyle changes for 52 weeks and underwent a second liver biopsy to confirm NASH resolution. We divided the data into development (140 subjects) and validation (121 individuals) sets. NASH resolution occurred in 28% (derivation group) and 27% (validation group). At the multivariable analysis, weight loss (odds ratio [OR] = 2.75, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.65‐4.58; P &lt; 0.01), type 2 diabetes (OR = 0.04, 95% CI 0.005‐0.49; P = 0.01), normal levels of alanine aminotransferase at the end of intervention (OR = 9.84, 95% CI 2.21‐44.1; P &lt; 0.01), age (OR = 0.89, 95% CI 0.83‐0.97; P = 0.01), and a nonalcoholic fatty liver activity score ≥5 (OR = 0.08, 95% CI 0.01‐0.43; P &lt; 0.01) were independent predictors of NASH resolution. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the selected model was 0.956 and 0.945 in the derivation and validation cohorts, respectively. Using a score threshold of ≤46.15, negative predictive values were 92% in the derivation and validation groups, respectively. By applying a cutoff ≥69.72, positive predictive values were 92% and 89% in the derivation and validation groups, respectively. Using both cutoffs, a liver biopsy would have been avoided in 229 (88%) of 261 patients, with a correct prediction in 209 (91%) Conclusions: A noninvasive prediction model including weight loss, type 2 diabetes, alanine aminotransferase normalization, age, and a nonalcoholic fatty liver activity score ≥5 may be useful to identify NASH resolution in patients under lifestyle intervention . (H epatology 2016;63:1875‐1887)
Re-activation of mitochondrial apoptosis inhibits T-cell lymphoma survival and treatment resistance
Authors: S Spinner, G Crispatzu, J-H Yi, E Munkhbaatar, P Mayer, U Höckendorf, N Müller, Z Li, T Schader, H Bendz, S Hartmann, M Yabal, K Pechloff, M Heikenwalder, G L Kelly, A Strasser, C Peschel, M-L Hansmann, J Ruland, U Keller, S Newrzela, M Herling, P J Jost
Journal: Leukemia (2016)
Genotypic and Phenotypic Evolution of a Murine Tumor During Its Progression In Vivo Toward Metastasis&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: A E Lagarde, T P Donaghue, J W Dennis, R S Kerbel
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1983)

To follow the cellular progeny of the multiple-drug-marked benign murine tumor cell line MDW4 during its progression in vivo toward metastatic spread in DBA/2 mice, the following parameters were analyzed: retention of the drug-resistant markers ouabain resistance (OuaR) and thioguanine resistance (ThgR), lectin-resistance pattern (WGAR), and the karyotype of cell populations (and clones derived from these cells) removed at intervals from the solid tumor growing at the site of inoculation, as well as distant metastatic nodules. It was determined that the initially homogeneous inoculum composed of OuaR, ThgR, and WGAR hypotetraploid cells (mode: 68 +/- 2 chromosomes) was gradually overgrown and replaced by a new population of cells that were either OuaR or ouabain-sensitive but that became thioguanine-and lectin-sensitive and hyperploid (mode: 95 +/- 5). Regardless of the composition of the individual drug marker combinations, only cells with high chromosome contents were found to be able to disseminate to distant visceral organs and to rapidly produce metastases upon sc or iv reinjection. The presence of the same number of metacentric chromosomes in metastatic cells as in MDW4 and the coextinction of two recessive drug-resistant markers (WGAR and ThgR) suggested that cells endowed with invasive-metastatic potential represent the product of spontaneous somatic hybridization between the original nonmetastatic MDW4 cells and normal host cells of unknown origin. Such a fusion was followed by more or less extensive chromosome segregation that accounts for the karyotype mosaicism and the occasional drug marker heterogeneity identified in cell populations of metastatic nodules.
Outbreak of acute lead poisoning among children aged <5 years - Zamfara, Nigeria, 2010.
Authors: O. Biya, S. Gidado, S. Haladu, T. Geoffrey, P. Nguku, J. Durant, L. B. Davis, M. J. Brown, A. Neri, C. Dooyema, Y. C. Lo
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2010)
Swamp cancer: a case of human pythiosis and review of the literature
Authors: R.E. Hilton, K. Tepedino, C.J. Glenn, K.L. Merkel
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2016)

Pythiosis is an infection caused by the aquatic oomycete Pythium insidiosum. Commonly known as 'swamp cancer' in veterinary pathology, pythiosis is now considered an emerging human disease associated with significant morbidity and mortality. However, because clinical information is limited, many healthcare providers, including dermatologists, are unfamiliar with this diagnosis. To increase awareness of this life‐threatening infection, a case of cutaneous pythiosis is presented. We describe a middle‐aged man with acute myeloid leukaemia who presented with necrotizing haemorrhagic plaques on his thighs after a weekend of freshwater boating. Histological examination of a biopsy specimen showed invasive fungal hyphae associated with dense perivascular inflammation and vessel damage. Diagnostic testing on tissue culture revealed growth of P. insidiosum. Despite multiple debridements and antifungal therapy, the patient died within 2 weeks of presentation. There are four clinical presentations reported in human pythiosis. Pythium insidiosum infection should be considered in any patient with a suggestive exposure history and fungal elements found on histological examination or in culture. Identification of the organism can be difficult, so polymerase chain reaction and serological assays can be useful in making a diagnosis. To improve clinical outcomes, early combination therapy with antifungals and surgery is needed.
Photoreceptor Progenitor mRNA Analysis Reveals Exon Skipping Resulting from the ABCA4 c.5461-10T→C Mutation in Stargardt Disease
Authors: Riccardo Sangermano, Nathalie M. Bax, Miriam Bauwens, L. Ingeborgh van den Born, Elfride De Baere, Alejandro Garanto, Rob W.J. Collin, Angelique S.A. Goercharn-Ramlal, Anke H.A. den Engelsman-van Dijk, Klaus Rohrschneider, Carel B. Hoyng, Frans P.M. Cremers, Silvia Albert
Journal: Ophthalmology (2016)
Targeted Text Messaging Support for Patients With Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Tom Kamarck
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 12222: Cardiomyocyte Ryanodine Receptor Oxidation in Situ Causes Defective Interdomain Interaction and Reduces Calmodulin Binding
Authors: Tetsuro Oda, Yi Yang, Florentin R Nitu, Ye Chen Izu, Bradley R Fruen, Razvan L Cornea, Donald M Bers
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Oxidation is an important factor for cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2) dysfunction. This can enhance diastolic Ca leak contributing to heart failure and arrhythmia, but the mechanism for this RyR2 ...
Oral delivery of diabetes peptides — Comparing standard formulations incorporating functional excipients and nanotechnologies in the translational context
Authors: Harivardhan Reddy Lakkireddy, Matthias Urmann, Melissa Besenius, Ulrich Werner, Torsten Haack, Priscilla Brun, Jean Alié, Brigitte Illel, Laurent Hortala, Rachel Vogel, Didier Bazile
Journal: Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews (2016)
Abstract 14750: Free Wall Activation Delay is Predictive of Outcome After Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in Patients With Narrower QRS Width or Non-Left Bundle Branch Block Morphology
Authors: Josef J Marek, Mohamed Ahmed, Keiko Ryo, Kristina H Haugaa, Samir Saba, John Gorcsan
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is best in patients with QRS width > 150ms and left bundle branch block (LBBB). It is unclear how to improve selection of patients fo...
Carbonic Anhydrase IV Inhibits Colon Cancer Development by Inhibiting WNT Signaling Pathway Through Targeting WTAP-WT1-TBL1 Axis
Authors: Jingwan Zhang, Ho Tsoi, Xiaoxing Li, Hua Wang, Jing Gao, Minnie Y.Y. Go, Siew C. Ng, Francis K.L. Chan, Joseph J.Y. Sung, Jun Yu
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2015)
Scaling-up and sustaining insecticide-treated net coverage [letter]
Authors: Lines J, Lengeler C, Cham K, de Savigny D, Chimumbwa J, Langi P, Carroll D, Mills A, Hanson K, Webster J, Lynch M, Addington W, Hill J, Rowland M, Worrall E, MacDonald M, Kilian A
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2003)
Clinical correlation and frequency of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression in EGFR-mutant and ALK-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Authors: Justin F. Gainor, Lecia V. Sequist, Alice Tsang Shaw, Christopher G. Azzoli, Zofia Piotrowska, Tiffany Huynh, Linnea Fulton, Katherine Schultz, Aaron N. Hata, Jeffrey A. Engelman, Mari Mino-Kenudson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

8012 Background: PD-L1 expression has recently been associated with response to PD-1 blockade. Given recent clinical interest in combining PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors with EGFR and ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), we evaluated PD-L1 expression patterns and clinical outcomes in EGFR-mutant and ALK-positive patients (pts). Methods: PD-L1 (Clone E1L3N, Cell Signaling Technologies) and CD8 immunohistochemistry were performed on biopsy and resection specimens from pts with metastatic NSCLC. Membranous expression of PD-L1 in > 5% tumor cells was defined as positive. CD8+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) were evaluated using a 4-tier grading system (0-3). Results: We evaluated PD-L1 expression and CD8+ TILs in pts with metastatic, EGFR-mutant (N = 68) and ALK-positive (N = 28) NSCLC (Table). Median progression-free survival (mPFS) on EGFR TKIs was similar between PD-L1(+) and PD-L1(-) pts at baseline (6.7 vs. 13.2 months; P = 0.08), as was overall survival (mOS; 31.8 vs. 35.63 months; P = 0.307). mPFS on ALK TKIs was similar in PD-L1(+) and PD-L1(-) pts at baseline (5.6 vs. 11.1 months; P = 0.28), but mOS was shorter among PD-L1(+) pts (26.5 vs. 51.6 months; P = 0.045). To evaluate whether targeted therapy affects PD-L1 expression, we also compared pre- and post-TKI biopsies in each cohort. Among individual EGFR-mutant pts with paired, pre- and post-TKI biopsies (N = 58), PD-L1 expression levels varied between biopsies in 13 (22%) pts. Among individual ALK-positive pts with pre- and post-TKI biopsies (N = 8), PD-L1 expression levels varied between biopsies in 2 (25%) pts. Conclusions: EGFR-mutant and ALK-positive lung cancers may express PD-L1 and demonstrate CD8+ TILs. Expression is dynamic in a subset of pts with changes in PD-L1 expression and immune infiltrates observed over time and/or following treatment. EGFR Mutant ALK+ Pre-TKI (%) Post-TKI (%) p Pre-TKI (%) Post-TKI (%) p PD-L1(+) 9/62 (15) 16/64 (25) 0.181 11/21 (52) 3/14 (21) 0.089 CD8+ TILS (2-3+) 12/62 (19) 13/65 (20) 1.000 6/18 (33) 0/14 (0) 0.024 PD-L1(+) and CD8+ TILs (2-3+) 3/61(5) 8/64 (13) 0.207 3/18 (17) 0/14 (0) 0.238
Neuraminidase Inhibitors and Influenza Infection
Authors: Peter Doshi, Tom Jefferson
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
American Joint Committee on Cancer acceptance criteria for inclusion of risk models for individualized prognosis in the practice of precision medicine
Authors: Michael W. Kattan, Kenneth R. Hess, Mahul B. Amin, Ying Lu, Karl G.M. Moons, Jeffrey E. Gershenwald, Phyllis A. Gimotty, Justin H. Guinney, Susan Halabi, Alexander J. Lazar, Alyson L. Mahar, Tushar Patel, Daniel J. Sargent, Martin R. Weiser, Carolyn Compton
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (2016)

The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) has increasingly recognized the need for more personalized probabilistic predictions than those delivered by ordinal staging systems, particularly through the use of accurate risk models or calculators. However, judging the quality and acceptability of a risk model is complex. The AJCC Precision Medicine Core conducted a 2‐day meeting to discuss characteristics necessary for a quality risk model in cancer patients. More specifically, the committee established inclusion and exclusion criteria necessary for a risk model to potentially be endorsed by the AJCC. This committee reviewed and discussed relevant literature before creating a checklist unique to this need of AJCC risk model endorsement. The committee identified 13 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria for AJCC risk model endorsement in cancer. The emphasis centered on performance metrics, implementation clarity, and clinical relevance. The facilitation of personalized probabilistic predictions for cancer patients holds tremendous promise, and these criteria will hopefully greatly accelerate this process. Moreover, these criteria might be useful for a general audience when trying to judge the potential applicability of a published risk model in any clinical domain. CA Cancer J Clin 2016;66:370–374. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Predicting Individual Renal Allograft Outcomes Using Risk Models with 1-Year Surveillance Biopsy and Alloantibody Data
Authors: Manuel Moreno Gonzales, Andrew Bentall, Walter K. Kremers, Mark D. Stegall, Richard Borrows
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2016)

The ability to predict outcomes for individual patients would be a significant advance for not only counseling, but also identifying those for whom interventions may be needed. The goals of this study were to validate an existing risk prediction score that incorporates easily obtainable clinical factors and determine if histologic findings at 1-year surveillance biopsy and/or serum donor–specific alloantibody status could improve predictability of graft loss by 5 years. We retrospectively studied 1465 adults who received a solitary kidney transplant between January of 1999 and December of 2008 and had sufficiently detailed 5-year follow-up data for modeling. In this cohort, the Birmingham risk model (incorporating recipient factors at 1 year, including age, sex, ethnicity, renal function, proteinuria, and prior acute rejection) predicted death–censored and overall graft survival (c statistics =0.84 and 0.78, respectively). The presence of glomerulitis or chronic interstitial fibrosis (g and ci scores by Banff, respectively) on 1-year biopsy specimens independently correlated with graft loss by 5 years. Adding these variables to the model for death–censored graft loss increased predictability (c statistic =0.90), improved calibration (ability to stratify risk from high to low), and reclassified risk of failure in 29% of patients. Adding the presence of donor-specific alloantibody at 1 year did not improve predictability or reclassification but did improve calibration marginally. We conclude that, at 1 year after kidney transplant, a risk model of graft survival that incorporates clinical factors and histologic findings at surveillance biopsy is highly predictive of individual risk and well calibrated.
Where Do You Put the Pain?
Authors: Amy-Lee Bredlau
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Nucleolar Behavior in Regenerating Liver of Rats Receiving Intra-Abdominal Injections of Azo Dyes and Thioacetamide&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: St. Mironescu, I. Encut, Karin Mironescu, Florentina Liciu
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1968)

Single doses of noncarcinogenic (4-aminoazobenzene) and carcinogenic (4-dimethylaminoazobenzene and 3′-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene) azo dyes, as well as daily injections of thioacetamide, were administered intraperitoneally to male Wistar rats, which had been partially hepatectomized 3 or 7 days after the beginning of the experiments. In both control rats and rats treated with the carcinogens, 4-dimethyaminoazobenzene and thioacetamide, the nucleolar volumetric and numerical changes were closely related to the mitotic activity of the regenerating liver tissue, especially in the hepatic cells around the portal veins. Nuclear changes (chromosome bridges) and nucleolar alterations (anisonucleolinosis) were observed after the administration of liver carcinogens, their development being strongly related to and governed by a dose-response relationship. Cytochemical tests showed that nucleolar lysine-rich proteins increased simultaneously with anisonucleolinosis, especially after thioacetamide administration. Intranucleolar Feulgen-positive granules appeared after the administration of liver carcinogens. The possible significance of these morphological findings is discussed, and early damage of the hepatocyte nucleoli after the application of liver carcinogenic substances is suggested.