tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The use of complementary and alternative medicine in patients seen in phase I clinical trials program.
Authors: S. Stephen, A. Naing, D. S. Hong, S. Fu, J. J. Wheler, S. L. Moulder, G. S. Falchook, A. M. Tsimberidou, S. A. Piha-Paul, R. Kurzrock
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

9091 Background: Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) use is common in cancer patients. This study was conducted to estimate the use of CAM in patients with advanced malignancies seen in the Department of Investigational Cancer (Phase I Program) at M. D. Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC). The objectives were to examine the prevalence of CAM use and association among its use and various covariates. Methods: Investigator-designed surveys in English, Spanish, and Arabic languages were anonymously completed and submitted by patients seen in the Phase I Program at MDACC. The unique characteristic of this study is that the surveys were written in multiple languages and filled out anonymously reducing patient fears that they would be ineligible for enrollment in Phase I clinical trials by their use of CAM. Results: A total of 276 surveys were distributed to patients and 207 (75%) surveys were returned to us and analyzed. Of these 207 unique patients, 111 (54%) used one or more CAM. Of the 111 patients, 91(82%) used pharmacologic CAM, 79 (71%) used non-pharmacologic CAM, and 60 (54%) used both modalities. The most commonly used were vitamins (n=86, 77%), prayer (n=65, 59%), and herbal products (n=30, 27%). Female patients were most likely to report their use of CAM (p<0.0009). CAM use was not associated with race, age, level of education, employment or income. Of the CAM users, 48 (43%) patients had been using CAM for >5 years. In patients under 60 years of age, 58 (51%) used CAM, whereas in patients aged 60 or older, 42 (45%) reported use of CAM. Conclusions: CAM usage is common in patients with advanced malignancies. There was no association among CAM use and race, age, education, employment, or income. However, female patients were more likely to report CAM use. It is important to assess CAM use among all patients receiving cancer treatment. Further research is warranted to better understand types of CAM used, and its risks and benefits in cancer patients. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration AstraZeneca, Centocor, Johnson & Johnson, Maxygen, Merck Amgen, AstraZeneca, Center for Biomedical Continuing Education (CBCE), Genentech, Enzon, IDSC, ImClone Systems, Johnson & Johnson, Maxygen, Merck, Pharmion, Roche Abraxis, Amgen, AmpliMed, Antigenics, AstraZeneca, Bayer, BMS, Callisto, Centocor, Concordia, Curagen, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Enzon, Exelixis, Genentech, GlaxoSmithKline, Globomax, Hoffman- La Roche, Kinex, Merck, Metastatix, MGI Pharmaceuticals, Myriad, Novartis, Pfizer, Pharmacyclics, Pharmion, Phoenix Biotech, Reata, Taiho, Vioquest, Ziopharm
Effect of bicalutamide 150 mg on PSA progression in M0 prostate cancer: Results from the Early Prostate Cancer program
Authors: W. A. See, D. G. McLeod, P. Iversen, M. P. Wirth, J. Armstrong, S. Navani
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

4624 Background: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) progression is the first sign of prostate cancer recurrence after primary therapy. In the Early Prostate Cancer (EPC) program, men with locally advanced disease who received bicalutamide 150 mg (CASODEX) in addition to standard care (radiotherapy [RT], radical prostatectomy [RP], or watchful waiting [WW]) had significantly improved objective progression-free survival (PFS) vs standard care alone. In the RT setting, this translated into improved overall survival (OS). Here, we compare PSA-PFS in the 3rd analysis of the EPC program with the results for objective PFS. Methods: The EPC program consists of 3 trials in which patients (all M0) with either localized (T1–2, N0/Nx) or locally advanced (T3–4, any N; or any T, N+) prostate cancer were randomized to receive standard care plus either bicalutamide 150 mg (n = 4052) or placebo (n = 4061). The primary end points were OS and objective PFS. PSA-PFS was a secondary end point. A PSA progression event was defined as PSA rising to ≥2× baseline or ≥0.4 ng/mL in men with non-quantifiable baseline PSA, death, or objective progression. PSA-PFS and objective PFS were analyzed for stage/therapy subgroups using a Cox proportional hazards model. Results: At 7.4 years’ median follow-up, bicalutamide plus standard care was associated with significantly improved PSA-PFS vs placebo (p &lt; 0.001), irrespective of primary therapy or disease stage. However, PSA-PFS benefit only translated into a significant objective PFS benefit in locally advanced disease ( table ). Conclusion: Adding bicalutamide 150 mg to standard care significantly improves PSA-PFS for men with early, non-metastatic prostate cancer. The significant improvement in PSA-PFS was only accompanied by a significant improvement in objective PFS in locally advanced disease. Consequently, a significant PSA-PFS benefit cannot always be assumed to translate into a significant objective PFS benefit. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
The CXCL7/CXCR2 axis and the migration of breast cells toward the malignant phenotype.
Authors: Mary Ann Kosr, Donghong Ju
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

181 Background: A component of the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is degradation of extracellular matrix and acquisition of migration, both of which support invasiveness. The expression of CXCL7 is associated with the invasive phenotype through interaction with the CXCL7/CXCR2 axis and heparan sulfate. The purpose of this study is to quantify the expression of genes associated with EMT by CXCL7-expressing cells with the migration/invasive phenotype. Methods: Total RNA from CXCL7-transfected breast cells (MCF10AT) was tested for relative gene expression using RT 2 Profiler PCR array for EMT (SABiosciences). Vector transfected cells were compared. Each result was verified by real time PCR assay. In parallel, migration assays were performed quantitatively using transwell membranes and qualitatively with the scratch test and photodocumented. Results: The expression of GNG11 and TCF4 was upregulated and SPP1 downregulated as expected for the EMT profile. Specifically, GNG11 (Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), gamma 11) expression was increased 2.94 fold and TCF4 (Transcription factor 4) increased 1.89 fold. The expression of SPP1 (Secreted phosphoprotein 1) was decreased by 6.8 fold. The expression of ZEB2 (Zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 2) was decreased by 1.96 as a transcription factor. Migration of CXCL7-transfectants was significantly increased over vector controls and comparable to invasive isogenic breast cancer cells. Conclusions: The CXCL7-transfected cells with invasive phenotype express genes associated with the EMT expression profile including G-protein signaling pathway.
Analysis of &lt;italic&gt;N&lt;/italic&gt;-Ethyl-&lt;italic&gt;N&lt;/italic&gt;-nitrosourea-Induced Brain Carcinogenesis by Sequential Culturing During the Latent Period. I. Morphology and Tumorigenicity of the Cultured Cells and Their Growth in Agar&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Joan P. Roscoe, Penelope J. Claisse
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1978)

Pregnant inbred BD IX rats were given injections of buffer or N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) at 40–50 mg/kg on day 15 or 16 of gestation. The average latent period for cerebral tumors was 246 days. Brain cultures were prepared 2, 3, 5, 34–35, 57–60, 90–91, 111–112, and 138–145 days post injection (PI) and examined for morphology, tumorigenicity, and growth in agar. Cultures in the last 3 groups derived from animals exposed transplacentally to ENU contained cells characteristic of brain tumor cultures; these have been called “basal layer cells” (BLC). They were not observed in control cultures. BLC persisted in several cultures belonging to the last 2 groups, and these cultures were tumorigenic and grew in agar. BLC did not persist in cultures prepared 90–91 days PI, which did not produce tumors or grow in agar. Three morphologic types of BLC were observed: “fried eggs,” crescents, and pyramids. These occurred in different proportions in the cultures. Predominance of the pyramidal type was associated with a shorter latency for cell-induced tumors compared with those cultures in which other types of BLC were in the majority. The “fried-egg” type was predominant in cultures in which BLC disappeared on passaging. Cultures prepared at earlier times did not contain BLC and did not grow in agar or in animals at early passages. However, cultures derived 2 days PI became tumorigenic after prolonged culturing, which indicated that they had already acquired the malignant potential.
A randomized pilot study of high-dose epirubicin as neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of cancer of the bilharzial bladder
Authors: N. Gad El. Mawla, M.A. Mansour, S. Eissa, N.M. Ali, I. Elattar, M.R. Hamza, H. Khaled, N. Habboubi, I. Magrath, I. Elsebai
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1991)
Fluorouracil, interferon-alpha, and colon cancer: rational pursuit of synergism between antimetabolites and biologicals.
Authors: M S Ernstoff, B C Lembersky, J M Kirkwood
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1989)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1989.7.12.1764 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 2585016 Fluorouracil, interferon-alpha, and colon cancer: rational pursuit of synergism between antimetabolites and biologicals. M S ErnstoffxM S ErnstoffSearch for articles by this author , B C LemberskyxB C LemberskySearch for articles by this author , J M KirkwoodxJ M KirkwoodSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1989.7.12.1764 PDF "Fluorouracil, interferon-alpha, and colon cancer: rational pursuit of synergism between antimetabolites and biologicals.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 7(12), pp. 1764–1765© 1989 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Abstract 12985: Mechanism of the Electrogram Fractionation Observed in the Pulmonary Vein Antrum during Atrial Fibrillation: Analysis of Activation Using Contact and Non-Contact Mapping
Authors: Junjiroh Koyama, Hiroshige Yamabe, Tadashi Hoshiyama, Hisanori Kanazawa, Hisao Ogawa
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Fractionated atrial electrograms observed in the pulmonary vein (PV) antrum during atrial fibrillation (AF) is considered to derive from the local high frequent rotor activation, howeve...
Abstract P184: Neighborhood Crime and Poverty is Associated with Systemic Inflammation in Children
Authors: Stephanie T Broyles, Amanda E Staiano, Kathryn T Drazba, Alok K Gupta, Peter T Katzmarzyk
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction: The neighborhood environment may contribute to cardiovascular disease risk by promoting physical inactivity and/or unhealthy eating, as well as through exposure to chronic psychosocial stress. Elevated serum C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations have been associated with increased cardiovascular risk in adults and may also be a marker for stress-related inflammation. Whether CRP is associated with stressful neighborhood conditions among children is unknown. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that children and adolescents living in neighborhoods characterized by high levels of poverty or crime have higher concentrations of CRP, independent of adiposity. Methods: The sample included 395 children 5-18 years of age (50% African American, 46% white, 4% other race; 48% male, 52% female) from 262 households and 102 census tracts in southeastern Louisiana. Serum CRP levels were measured with a high-sensitivity chemiluminescent immunoassay. High risk neighborhoods were defined as those in the upper tertile of either census-tract family poverty (US Census 2000) or of an index of total crime derived from Uniform Crime Report data (CrimeRisk, Applied Geographic Solutions). Multilevel logistic regression analyses that accounted for both family and neighborhood clustering compared children and adolescents with CRP levels &gt;3mg/L to those with levels ≤3 mg/L across high versus low risk census tracts. Analyses also controlled for race, sex, age, and total body fat (kg) measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Results: In this sample, 16.0% of children had CRP levels higher than 3 mg/L. After adjustment for covariates, and family and neighborhood clustering, total body fat was positively associated with high CRP levels (p&lt;0.0001) and age was negatively associated with higher CRP levels (p=0.001). Race and sex showed no associations. Independent of adiposity, children from census tracts with the highest levels of either crime or poverty had 2.4 (95% CI: 1.1-5.1) times the odds of having high CRP levels when compared to children from other census tracts. Conclusions: Children from neighborhoods characterized by high levels of poverty or crime appear to have higher levels of C-reactive protein, a marker of systemic inflammation and cardiovascular risk. Stress may initiate cardiovascular disease starting in childhood. This research identifies neighborhoods at high risk, where early disease screening and prevention efforts may have maximal impact.
Molecular Genetic Analysis of a Compound Heterozygote for the Glycoprotein (GP) IIb Gene Associated With Glanzmann’s Thrombasthenia: Disruption of the 674-687 Disulfide Bridge in GPIIb Prevents Surface Exposure of GPIIb-IIIa Complexes
Authors: Consuelo González-Manchón, Marta Fernández-Pinel, Elena G. Arias-Salgado, Milagros Ferrer, M.-Victoria Alvarez, Soledad Garcı́a-Muñoz, Matilde S. Ayuso, Roberto Parrilla
Journal: Blood (1999)
Whole-exome sequencing (WES) predicting two extreme phenotypes of response to VEGF-targeted therapies (VEGF-TT) in patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (mRCC).
Authors: Andre Poisl Fay, Eliezer Mendel Van Allen, Bradley Murray, Laurence Albiges, Sabina Signoretti, Thai Huu Ho, A. Ari Hakimi, Suzanne S Mickey, Melissa L. Stanton, Joaquim Bellmunt, David F. McDermott, Michael B. Atkins, Levi A. Garraway, David J. Kwiatkowski, Toni K. Choueiri
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

422 Background: There is significant variability in the response to VEGF-TT in mRCC with no validated predictive biomarkers. We hypothesized that whole exome analysis might identify markers of response and resistance to VEGF-TT in mRCC. Methods: mRCC patients who received first-line sunitinib or pazopanib and were in two extreme phenotypes of response were identified. Extreme responders (ER) were defined as PR or CR for ≥3 years (n=10) and primary refractory patients (PRP) were defined as PD within the first 3 months of therapy (n=10). WES was performed in pre-treatment specimens and established Broad Institute analytical pipelines were utilized to identify point mutations and copy number alterations across the exome. ER (n=4) and PRP (n=4) who were part of TCGA project for clear-cell RCC were included in this analysis. Nonsense, missense and indel mutations in established or novel RCC genes were investigated. Results: IMDC prognostic scores were not significantly different between the two groups. VHL mutations were observed at similar frequency in ER and PRP, overall 57%. Mutations in PBRM1 were identified in 7 ER (50%) vs. 1 PRP (7%) (p=0.03). In addition, mutations in TP53 were only found in PRP (p=0.09). No other gene had mutations that were associated with either response or primary refractory disease (Table). Conclusions: In this pilot study, PBRM1 mutations were associated with extreme response to VEGF-TT. However, this was exploratory, and multivariable analysis was not performed. Analysis of additional patient samples is ongoing to confirm or refute this association. If true it suggests that epigenetic effects of PBRM1 mutation may contribute to response to VEGF-TT in mRCC. [Table: see text]
Natural killer (NK) and lymphokine activated killer (LAK) cell activity in patients (PTS) treated with favone acetic acid (FAA)
Authors: E Galligioni, M Quaia, A Spada, D Crivellari, D Favaro, R Sorio, R Talamini, M D'Incalci, P Allavena, G Damia
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1991)
THROMBOCYTOSIS AS A PREDICTIVE AND PROGNOSTIC MARKER IN ADVANCED COLORECTAL CANCER (ACRC): RESULTS OF THE MRC COIN TRIAL EXPLORED
Authors: T Maughan, R Wilson, M Seymour, A Meade, D Fisher, S Kenny, C G Smith, J P Cheadle, R Kaplan, R Adams
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2010)
Inverse Correlation Between Tumor Incidence and Tissue Histamine Levels in &lt;italic&gt;W/W&lt;/italic&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;italic&gt;v&lt;/italic&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;, &lt;italic&gt;W&lt;/italic&gt;&lt;sup&gt;V&lt;/sup&gt;/+, and +/+ Mice&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: C Burtin, C Ponvert, A Fray, P Scheinmann, G Lespinats, B Loridon, P Canu, J Paupe
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

The influence of mast cells on tumor incidence and growth rate was studied in 2 grafted tumor models (fibrosarcoma MC-B6-1 and the Lewis lung carcinoma 3LL). Three kinds of WBB6F1 mice (a cross between WB/ReJ-W/+ and C57BL/6J-WV/+ mice) were used: W/WV (deeply mast cell depleted), WV/+ (partially mast cell depleted), and +/+ (normal mast cell number). The presumed resistance of F1 hybrids to tumor cells of parental origin was observed in 12 of 13 +/+ mice, but only in 11 of 22 WV/+ mice and in none of 39 W/WV mice. Tumor incidence and metastasis incidence were inversely correlated with tissue histamine levels and mast cell number. Growth rates of tumors were similar in W/WV and WV/+ mice, but the tumor growth rate was much slower in the only +/+ mouse in which the tumor grew. These results confirm the protective role of mast cells against tumors.
Nobel official resigns in wake of storm over Italian surgeon
Authors: Nigel Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2016)

The secretary general of the Nobel Assembly, Urban Lendahl, has resigned from his position because he could be involved in a new investigation1 into Paolo Macchiarini, a prominent surgeon whose recruitment by the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden, he had supported.

The Nobel Assembly had nothing to do with Macchiarini’s appointment, but Lendahl stood down “out of respect for the integrity of the Nobel Prize work,” said a statement to the press.2

Macchiarini, born in Switzerland to Italian parents, has operated in many European countries during a high profile career and became a visiting professor at Karolinska in 2010. There he carried out several tracheal transplants using a synthetic windpipe made of a polymer material, the first such operations ever conducted. His claims of success were contested, and a previous investigation found evidence of scientific misconduct in seven papers.

Bengt Gerdin, of Uppsala University, who carried out the investigation, found that Macchiarini had claimed positive outcomes that did not match the medical records of three patients who had undergone the procedure. He said that Macchiarini had “dressed …
Cerebral cortex blood flow, oxygen delivery and oxygenation during normoxic and hypoxic exercise in healthy humans
Authors: Zafeiris Louvaris, Ioannis Vogiatzis, Helmut Habazettl, Vasileios Andrianopoulos, Harrieth Wagner, George Zakynthinos, Charis Roussos, Peter Wagner
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background: During maximal hypoxic exercise a reduction in cerebral oxygen delivery may constitute a signal to terminate exercise.

Aim: To investigate whether the rate of increase in cerebral cortex oxygen delivery is limited in hypoxic compared to normoxic exercise.

Methods: We assessed frontal cerebral cortex blood flow using near infrared spectroscopy and the light-absorbing tracer indocyanine green dye, as well as frontal cortex oxygen saturation (StO2%) in 11 cyclists during incremental exercise to the limit of tolerance (WRmax) in normoxia and acute hypoxia (FIO2:0.12).

Results: In normoxia, cerebral cortex blood flow and oxygen delivery increased (p<0.05) from baseline to sub-maximal exercise reaching peak values at near-maximal exercise (80%WRmax: 287±9W; 81±23% and 75±22% increase relative to baseline, respectively), both leveling off thereafter up to WRmax (382±10W). Cerebral cortex StO2% did not change from baseline (66±3%) throughout graded exercise. During hypoxic exercise, cerebral cortex blood flow increased from baseline to sub-maximal exercise peaking at 80%WRmax (213±6W; 60±15% relative increase) before declining towards baseline at WRmax (289±5W). Despite this, cerebral cortex oxygen delivery remained unchanged from baseline throughout graded exercise, being at WRmax lower than at comparable loads (287±9W) in normoxia (by 58±12%). Cerebral cortex StO2% fell from baseline (58±2%) on moderate exercise in parallel with arterial oxygen saturation, but then remained unchanged to exhaustion (47±1%).

Conclusion: Cerebral cortex oxygen delivery is limited in hypoxia compared to normoxia, thus potentialy compromising maximal exercise capacity in hypoxia.
Chemical Carcinogen-Induced Transplantable Fibrosarcomas in Histocompatible Chickens. II. Effect of Age and Thymectomy on Tumor Incidence<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref><xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3">3</xref>
Authors: Y Hirota, J Galton, S P Lerman, M A Palladino, G J Thorbecke
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

The incidence of primary fibrosarcoma 2-4 months after im injection of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) was studied in normal, neonatally thymectomized and bursectomized SC (B2/B2) chickens. The tumor incidence was not significantly increased in thymectomized chickens inoculated at 1 week of age, but thymectomized animals inoculated at 4 weeks of age developed a higher incidence of tumors than did controls. Bursectomy did not affect tumor induction. Whereas thymectomy and bursectomy clearly reduced T- and B-cell immune responses, respectively, neither the carcinogen nor the presence of tumor had a detectable effect on the immune response. The effect of varying the age of chickens at the time of carcinogen injection was also studied. DMBA injected into chickens at 8-12 weeks of age produced a significantly lower incidence of tumors than did a similar dose of DMBA injected into chickens at 1-4 weeks of age. Thus DMBA-induced tumors in the chicken may present an interesting model for studies on immune surveillance.
Revised Cytogenetic Risk Stratification in Primary Myelofibrosis: A Mayo Clinic Study of 903 Patients
Authors: Ayalew Tefferi, Emnet A Wassie, Kebede Begna, Christy Finke, Alem A Belachew, Naseema Gangat, Terra L Lasho, Animesh Pardanani, Curtis A. Hanson, Rhett Ketterling
Journal: Blood (2014)
Abstract 17582: Incidence, Significance, and Financial Impact of Non-Cardiac Incidental Findings Identified on CT Angiography Performed Prior to Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR)
Authors: Alistair C Lindsay, Mona Sriharan, Olga Lazoura, Simon Padley, Michael Rubens, Edward Nicol
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: CT angiography of the aorta is now performed as part of the work-up for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR). We sought to determine the incidence, clinical significance, and p...