tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pathophysiology of Premature Skin Aging Induced by Ultraviolet Light
Authors: Gary J. Fisher, ZengQuan Wang, Subhash C. Datta, James Varani, Sewon Kang, John J. Voorhees
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

Long-term exposure to ultraviolet irradiation from sunlight causes premature skin aging (photoaging), characterized in part by wrinkles, altered pigmentation, and loss of skin tone. Photoaged skin displays prominent alterations in the collagenous extracellular matrix of connective tissue. We investigated the role of matrix-degrading metalloproteinases, a family of proteolytic enzymes, as mediators of collagen damage in photoaging.
AB1005 Associations of Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio in Attack Period and Attack-Free Period in Pediatric FMF Patients: Table 1.
Authors: O. Basaran, B. Acar Celikel, N. Uncu, N. Cakar
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is the most common auto inflammatory syndrome with recurrent inflammatory attacks of fever and serositis lasting 1-4 days. It may have ongoing subclinical inflammation during attack-free periods. Blood neutrophil to lymphocyte (N/L) ratio has been used as a simple marker of inflammation both in cardiac and non-cardiac disorders. <h3>Objectives</h3> In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and FMF. <h3>Methods</h3> There were 160 participants (68.4%) in the FMF patient group, and 74 participants (31.6%) in the control group. Ninety of patients (38.5%) were in attack-free period, and 70 (29.9%) were in attack period. Neutrophils and lymphocyte counts were recorded and N/L ratio was calculated. <h3>Results</h3> General group comparisons revealed a statistically significant difference between groups (p&lt;0.001), and post-hoc pairwise comparisons showed that the highest values of neutrophil/lymphocyte rates were found in the patients at attack period. Patients in attack-free period and the participants in control group had similar levels of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios (p=0.457), and they had lower ratios than the patients did at attack period (p&lt;0.001 for both) (Table 1). <h3>Conclusions</h3> In this study our results shows that N/L ratio is higher in patients at attack period compared with FMF patients at attack free period and control groups. N/L ratio may indicate FMF attack period. Since there was no significant difference between attack free patients and control groups, N/L ratio cannot be used as a subclinical inflammation marker. <h3>References</h3> Uluca Ü, Ece A, Şen V, Karabel D, Yel S, Güneş A, Tan I, Sabas M. Usefulness of mean platelet volume and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for evaluation of children with Familial Mediterranean fever. Med Sci Monit. 2014 Sep 5;20:1578-82. Celikbilek M, Dogan S, Akyol L, Borekci E, Zararsiz G, Kozan M, Gunaydin I. Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio in Patients With Familial Mediterranean Fever. J Clin Lab Anal. 2014 Mar 28. Ahsen A, Ulu MS, Yuksel S, Demir K, Uysal M, Erdogan M, Acarturk G. As a new inflammatory marker for familial Mediterranean fever: neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. Inflammation. 2013 Dec;36(6):1357-62. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
FIRST-IN-HUMAN SINGLE-ASCENDING-DOSE STUDY OF IW-1973, A NEW SOLUBLE GUANYLATE CYCLASE STIMULATOR
Authors: John Hanrahan, Albert T. Profy, B. Joseph Lavins, Dennis Ruff, Gabrielle Poirier, James Wakefield, Phebe Wilson, Michael Hall, Mark G. Currie
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Reducing antibiotics use for ventilator-associated pneumonia in brain-injured patients
Authors: Miquel Ferrer, Antoni Torres
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2016)

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a major contributor of morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients under mechanical ventilation [1, 2]. While inappropriate initial antibiotic therapy is a major determinant of mortality in patients with intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired pneumonia [3], emphasising the importance of a timely and accurate therapy for this infection [4], the unnecessary use of broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy may result in widespread bacterial resistance [5]. For this reason, the American Thoracic Society (ATS) and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) proposed some criteria to restrict the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics to patients at an increased high risk of drug-resistant pathogens [1]. A new score may help optimise the empiric antibiotic treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia after brain injury <http://ow.ly/XlR77>
PMO-196 Reducing time to gastroscopy in upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Authors: M T Wong, A Sundaralingam, S Bains, K Shaw, S Afghan, S A Filson, I Gooding
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Approximately 300–350 patients present to Colchester General Hospital with an upper Gastrointestinal (GI) bleed per year. Guidelines advise endoscopy within 24 h of presentation. To improve our performance, we introduced a new system for prioritising these requests and monitored the results with repeated audits. <h3>Methods</h3> An audit of all upper GI bleed cases was conducted over the same 3-month period (March–May) in 2009, 2010 and 2011. For each case we obtained the times of admission, Oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGD) request, procedure and discharge. The discharge summary, and where necessary the notes, were consulted to separate cases admitted for bleeding from those where bleeding occurred after admission for another reason. The main theatre logs were consulted for numbers of emergency out-of-hours OGDs. In an effort to tackle to poor waiting times, the Early Morning Bleeder (EMB) system was introduced in July 2009. Two slots are allocated daily (excluding weekends) for gastroscopy for cases of upper GI bleeding at the beginning of the working day. Requests are collected in a box in the Medical Assessment Unit daily at 0730. The Rockall Score is used for prioritisation. These three audits thus compare the situation before and after introducing the EMB system. <h3>Results</h3> <h3>Conclusion</h3> The EMB system has reduced waits from presentation to OGD and length of hospital stay for patients presenting with upper GI bleeds. Patients are probably safer as the number of out of hours OGDs has fallen. There are plans to extend the service to include weekends. Hospitals with no current method for prioritising OGDs for bleeding should consider using this system. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
SAT0213 Is Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) Quantification A Useful Noninvasive Method for Assessing Salivary Glands?
Authors: A. Guerin, A. Saraux, D. Cornec, S. Gestin, L. Bressollette, I. Diallo, V. Devauchelle-Pensec, P. Quehe, T. Marhadour, S. Jousse-Joulin
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> The ARFI method is a new tool to evaluate the stiffness of soft tissues which is is wellknown for evaluating the stiffness of liver parenchyma. No studies have been done concerning the salivary glands parenchyma. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study was to evaluate the ARFI method as a new tool to assess the stiffness of major salivary glands tissue. For this, we studied: 1. ARFI system in major salivary glands in healthy population depending on age and sex. 2. The intra and inter-observer reliability of ARFI quantification in major salivary glands in this population. <h3>Methods</h3> We prospectively studied 30 healthy adults without known salivary pathology. We divided the population in 3 sub groups of age (15-30, 31-45, and 46-60 years old). ARFI quantification, given as shear waves velocity (SWV) of the 2 parotid and 2 sub-mandibular glands was performed by two observers (A.G, S.J.J). We used a SIEMENS S2000 machine with a linear probe (10-12.5 MHz frequency). We assessed the 2 parotids glands in a longitudinal scan and the 2 submandibular glands in a longitudinal scan. We realised 10 pulses for each glands. 5 pulses were done in the central part of the gland and the 5 others pulses were done in a superficial part. For statistical analysis, we calculated the average measures of the 10 pulses of each gland for each ultrasonographists. For reliability, we evaluated the intra class coefficient correlation. <h3>Results</h3> The average parotid and sub-mandibular SWV were in m/sec 1.9 and 1.99 for men (n=15) and 1.78 and 1.77 for women (n=15), respectively. Parotid and sub-mandibular glands SWV were 1.81 and 1.78 for the 15-30 years old, 1.79 and 1.95 for the 30-45 years old and 1.93 and 1.9 for the 45-60 years old, respectively. Inter-observer agreement, expressed as intraclass correlation coefficient was not so good for the parotid and good for the sub-mandibular. Intra-observer agreement was respectively for observer A and B, 0,613 and 0,201 for the parotid and 0,725 and 0,594 for the sub-mandibular glands. <h3>Conclusions</h3> ARFI method in salivary glands do not seem significantly different depending on age and sex in a healthy population. However, at this time, ARFI quantification needs to obtain a good reliability to be used in practice and to be evaluated in a population of primary GougerotSjögren Syndrome. <h3>References</h3> Sporea I, Sirli R, Bota S, Vlad M, Popescu A, Zosin I. ARFI elastography for the evaluation of diffuse thyroid gland pathology: Preliminary results. World J Radiol. 2012 Apr 28;4(4):174-8. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> The team of radiology department and the team of Ultrasound Unit department from Brest, FRANCE <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4182
Abstract LB-90: Sox17 antagonizes Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway in HCC
Authors: Mingzhou Guo, Yan Jia, Yunsheng Yang
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: SRY-box containing gene 17 (Sox17) is a candidate tumor suppressor gene, which is indispensable for the embryonic development by antagonizing the canonical Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway. We investigated the function and epigenetic regulation of Sox17 in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: Methylation and expression of Sox17 were analyzed in 62 HCC tissues and HCC cell lines by MSP and RT-PCR. Inhibitory effects of Sox17 in Wnt/ß-catenin pathway was detected by IHC and luciferase reporter assay. Function as tumor suppressor gene was tested via colony formation assay. Results: Methylation of Sox17 promoter region occurs in 82.26% of HCC tissues and is associated with nucleus location of -catenin. Restoration of Sox17 in HepG2 cells inhibits colony formation and ß-catenin/TCF-dependent transcription with the presence of HMG box. Conclusions: Sox17 negatively regulates canonical Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway, and inhibits human HCC cells growth through epigenetic mechanism. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-90.
P52 Incidental non-calcified pulmonary nodules: rationale for CT scanning and cost analysis
Authors: M Murthy, T Medeiros, J Radhakrishnan, V Cardinal da Silva, K Irion, M Ledson
Journal: Thorax (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The advent of CT scanning as a routine test in the work-up of pulmonary disease has brought with it the unexpected detection of large numbers of pulmonary nodules, most of which are of a benign aetiology, even in high risk groups. Previous lung cancer screening studies have shown that likelihood of malignancy in nodules &lt; 7 mm in size is &lt; 1% in patients. Current guidance for the follow-up of these patients bases repeat CT scanning on nodule size and the risk of malignancy (Fleischner Society 2005; figure 1). However, such surveillance comes with increased healthcare costs, patient anxiety and radiation exposure. To look at this further, we reviewed the burden of repeat scanning on the healthcare economy. <h3>Methods</h3> Two trained readers independently reviewed 100 randomly selected CT thorax scans from individual patients (mean age 63 years [SD 15]) and noted the number, size and characteristics of any nodules present. Economic analysis was based on costs of CT scan (low dose CT = £115) and the number of additional follow-up CT scans required. <h3>Results</h3> Overall, 249 nodules were detected in 86 patients; 9 with a solitary calcified nodule were excluded. Of the remainder, 22 (28%) had nodule (s) &lt; 4 mm, 28 (36%) 4 6 mm, 13 (17%) 6 8 mm and 21 (27%) &gt;8mm. Assuming that all patients were high risk, based on Fleischner guidelines the total number of CT scans required over 2 years would be 15 (&lt;4 mm), 56 (4 6 mm) and 39 (6 8 mm) at a cost of £1725, £6440 and £4485 respectively. <h3>Discussion</h3> Over three quarters of our patients in this random sample had significant incidental pulmonary nodules, and their surveillance according to current guidelines would result in a significant burden to the healthcare system, not only in terms of cost but also through increased clinician time and patient anxiety. New protocols for the follow up of these low-risk patients are required if the healthcare economy is to cope with this increasing surveillance burden.
PMO-085 Safety and subsequent use of prophylactic percutaneous gastrostomy placement by endoscopically assisted gastropexy and direct puncture using the fresenius<sup>®</sup>pexact kit in head and neck cancer patients
Authors: S F Habib, O Noorullah, N Stern, S N Rogers, S Ahmed
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Maintaining oral nutrition in Head and Neck cancer patients undergoing treatment can be challenging. Therefore, patients deemed at risk of malnutrition are referred for prophylactic gastrostomy. Due to risk of tumour implantation at gastrostomy site with conventional “pull though” technique, we changed our practice to direct puncture gastrostomy in 2004, using the Fresenius ® PEXACT kit. We have previously reported series of 319 patients.<sup>1</sup> <h3>Methods</h3> All procedures performed between January 2010 and June 2011 were identified using the endoscopy reporting system. Information regarding readmissions, complications, mortality, dietetic assessment and use of gastrostomy tube was obtained from hospital patient records. <h3>Results</h3> 91 gastrostomies were identified in 91 patients, 49 (54%) had advanced T3/T4 cancers, 10 (11%) with T2 disease. 69 (76%) were males. Mean age = 55 years (range 32–78). Insertion was successful in all patients. All patients had prophylactic antibiotics prior to the procedure. There were no immediate procedure related complications (two immediate complications, one requiring a laparotomy, in cohort reported earlier, n=319).<sup>1</sup> There were no deaths within 7 days of procedure. Five patients died within 30 days (5.4%). Four were due to disease progression, one patient had a cardiac arrest in the community 23 days after the procedure. There was 1 (1.09%) unplanned admission 3 weeks after the procedure with bleeding from gastrostomy site requiring laparotomy. (14 unplanned admissions 30 days post procedure in earlier cohort, n=319).<sup>1</sup> There were no readmissions within 7 days. No cases of tumour implantation reported to date. Late displacement of gastrostomy tube (&gt;30 days after insertion) was common (6.5%, same as in earlier cohort).<sup>1</sup> To date we have managed to get information regarding use of gastrostomy tube in 58 out of 91 patients. Available data date so far has shown 46/58 (79.3 %) patients used their gastrostomy tube for 2 weeks or more. 12/58 (20.6%) did not require use of gastrostomy tube. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Endoscopically assisted gastropexy and direct puncture is a safe and reliable method of gastrostomy tube placement. Overall, our complication rate has fallen, with only one delayed major procedure related complication during this period. There have been no procedure related deaths or cases of tumour implantation. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared. <h3>Reference</h3> 1. <b>Ahmed S</b>, Bowering K, Polavarapu N, <i>et al.</i> PEXACT®: analysis of 319 procedures performed at the digestive diseases unit, University Hospital Aintree. <i>Gut</i> 2010;59:A143. doi:10.1136/gut.2009.209049k
Chemoradiotherapy Followed by Surgery Compared with Surgery Alone in Squamous-Cell Cancer of the Esophagus
Authors: Jean-François Bosset, Marc Gignoux, Jean-Pierre Triboulet, Emmanuel Tiret, Georges Mantion, Dominique Elias, Patrick Lozach, Jean-Claude Ollier, Jean-Jacques Pavy, Mariette Mercier, Tarek Sahmoud, Philippe Ségol, Jean-Bernard Flamant, Jean-Pierre Arnaud, Jean-Pierre Plachot, Anne-Marie Mandard, Gaelle Chaillard
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

We conducted a multicenter, randomized trial to compare preoperative chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery with surgery alone in patients with stage I and II squamous-cell cancer of the esophagus.
Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Pre-Metastatic Niche For Breast Cancer
Authors: Leonardo Julio Feldman, Valeria B. Fernández Vallone, Hosoon Choi, Vivian Labovsky, Leandro M Martinez, raul H. Bordenave, Vera Milovic, Gregorio Jaimovich, Emilio Batagelj, Federico Dimase, Ana Rodriguez Villafañe, Norma A. Chasseing
Journal: Blood (2013)
Abstract 2987: Regulatory network discovery using 3-way integration of high-dimensional mRNA, miRNA and lncRNA expression data from the entire NCI60 cancer cell line panel
Authors: Pieter Mestdagh, Jan Hellemans, Barbara D'haene, Stefaan Derveaux, Kee Wong, Paul Kotturi, David Ginzinger, Jo Vandesompele
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract With the discovery of different non-coding RNA species, the complexity of the transcriptome and its regulation has increased dramatically. Next to the well-studied small non-coding miRNAs, several thousands of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently been described. Like miRNAs, lncRNAs appear to predominantly function as regulators of gene expression and are implicated in various regulatory networks involving both miRNAs and protein-coding genes. In order to facilitate the search for miRNA-lncRNA-mRNA regulatory networks in cancer we have profiled the expression of each of these RNA information layers using the high-throughput SmartChip RT-qPCR technology on the entire NCI60 cancer cell line panel. In total, three SmartChip Panels with 1050 miRNAs, 1250 cancer-focused mRNAs, and 1718 lncRNAs, respectively, were quantified with a minimum of 3 technical replicates against each cell line. Here, we present the results of an unprecedented integrated analysis aimed at identifying networks of highly co-regulated miRNA-lncRNA-mRNA clusters. In brief, individual clusters are annotated using a pathway enrichment approach whereby network edges are evaluated using miRNA target, lncRNA target, and transcription factor target predictions. MiRNA-lncRNA-mRNA clusters centered around key cancer genes are annotated and the complex interplay is described. This unique and extensive high quality dataset, comprised of three major information layers of the NCI60 cell line transcriptome offers numerous opportunities towards a better understanding of complex regulatory networks in cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2987. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2987
SHORT-TERM TREATMENT WITH RANOLAZINE IMPROVES LEFT VENTRICULAR FILLING PRESSURES WITHOUT DETECTABLE CHANGES IN MYOCARDIAL BLOOD FLOW IN SYMPTOMATIC DIABETIC PATIENTS WITHOUT OBSTRUCTIVE CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Authors: Nishant R. Shah, Michael Cheezum, Vikas Veeranna, Stephen Horgan, Viviany Taqueti, Venkatesh Murthy, Courtney Foster, Jon Hainer, Mariya Gaber, Josh Klein, Karla Daniels, Jose Rivero, Amil Shah, Peter Stone, David Morrow, Michael Steigner, Sharmila Dorbala, Ron Blankstein, Marcelo Di Carli
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Abstract 4616: XR5944 interacts with diverse EREs differently, which may influence ER inhibition by XR5944
Authors: Zhenjiang Zhang, Feng-jue Shu, Xi Chen, Megan Carver, Caleb Kallen, Neil Sidell, Danzhou Yang
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Since the discovery of the estrogen receptor (ER) as the modulator of estrogen action, ER has evolved to be one of the most effective targets for breast cancer therapy. However, the current ER-targeting therapies have a main limitation related to resistance. Our previous studies have shown that XR5944, a DNA bis-intercalator with potent anticancer activity, is capable of inhibiting the ER activity by its ability to specifically block the binding of ER to its consensus DNA sequence ERE compared to other transcription factor-target DNA interactions. This novel mechanism of ER inhibition by a DNA bis-intercalator may be useful in overcoming resistance to current antiestrogens. The consensus ERE is an inverted repeat comprised of two ERE half-sites separated by three bases: AGGTCAnnnTGACCT where nnn is known as the tri-nucleotide spacer. ER can also bind to non-consensus EREs, i.e. natural EREs that differ from the consensus ERE by one or more base pairs but nevertheless serve as potent transactivation sites for estrogen target genes Therefore, to further understand the mechanism and specificity of the inhibition of ER by XR5944, we tested the specificity of XR5944 to block interactions with consensus and non-consensus ERE sequences by 1D 1H NMR titration studies. Our NMR studies of XR5944-DNA interactions suggested that the consensus ERE spacer plays a significant role in determining the binding characteristics of the complex. Of those tested, the CGG/GCC and AGG/CCT spacers showed the best binding, while the CGT/ACG and TTT/AAA spacers showed the worst binding with XR5944. The binding stoichiometry of XR5944 with ERE sequences appears to be 2:1, which explains why the spacer region can affect the drug-DNA binding. To validate our NMR results, we have also conducted functional studies by using reporter constructs containing EREs with tri-nucleotide spacers CGG and TTT. Results of luciferase reporter assays in MCF-7 cells indicated that XR5944 was significantly more potent in inhibiting the activity of reporters containing ERE-CGG than those containing ERE-TTT, consistent with our NMR results. Together with our NMR studies, these reporter gene experiments indicate that the tri-nucleotide spacer plays a significant role in the binding characteristics and functional consequence of XR5944 interactions with the consensus ERE. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4616.