tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Use of Palliative Chemotherapy for Advanced Bladder Cancer: Patterns of Care in Routine Clinical Practice
Authors: Andrew G Robinson, Xuejiao Wei, William J Mackillop, Yingwei Peng, Christopher M Booth
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2016)

Background: Palliative chemotherapy for advanced bladder cancer is recommended in clinical practice guidelines. Patterns of care in routine clinical practice have not been well described. This article describes use rates of chemotherapy and referral rates to medical oncology in the last year of life among patients who have died of bladder cancer. Methods: A population-based cohort of patients with bladder cancer was identified from the Ontario Cancer Registry; the study population included patients who died of bladder cancer between 1995 and 2009. Electronic records of treatment and physician billing records were used to identify treatment patterns and referral to medical oncology. Log-binomial and modified Poisson regression were used to examine factors associated with chemotherapy use and medical oncology consultation. Results: A total of 8,005 patients died of bladder cancer, 25% (n=1,964) of whom received chemotherapy in the last year of life. Use was independently associated with patient age, comorbidities, socioeconomic status, sex, time period, and treatment region. A total of 68% (n=5,426) of patients were seen by a medical oncologist. Referral to medical oncology was associated with age, comorbidities, year of death. Geographic variation was seen with chemotherapy use—from 18% to 30%—that persisted on adjusted analysis. Conclusions: The efficacy of palliative chemotherapy demonstrated in clinical trials and recommended in guidelines has not translated into widespread use in practice. Understanding the extent to which patient preferences and health system factors influence use is needed. Access to acceptable palliative systemic treatments remains an unmet need for most patients dying of bladder cancer.
Decrease of VEGF-A in myeloid cells attenuates glioma progression and prolongs survival in an experimental glioma model
Authors: Nadja Osterberg, Napoleone Ferrara, Jean Vacher, Simone Gaedicke, Gabriele Niedermann, Astrid Weyerbrock, Soroush Doostkam, Hans-Eckart Schaefer, Karl H. Plate, Marcia Regina Machein
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)

Glioblastomas are highly vascularized tumors with a prominent infiltration of macrophages/microglia whose role in promoting glioma growth, invasion, and angiogenesis has not been fully elucidated.The contribution of myeloid-derived vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to glioma growth was analyzed in vivo in a syngeneic intracranial GL261 glioma model using a Cre/loxP system to knock out the expression of VEGF-A in CD11b + myeloid cells. Changes in angiogenesis-related gene expression profile were analyzed in mutant bone marrow-derived (BMD) macrophages in vitro. Furthermore, we studied the influence of macrophages on GL261 growth, invasiveness, and protein expression profile of angiogenic molecules as well as the paracrine effect of mutant macrophages on angiogenesis in vitro.Myeloid cell-restricted VEGF-A deficiency leads to a growth delay of intracranial tumors and prolonged survival. The tumor vasculature in mutant mice was more regular, with increased pericyte coverage. Expression analysis revealed significant downregulation of VEGF-A and slight upregulation of TGFβ-1 in BMD macrophages from mutant mice. Endothelial tube formation was significantly decreased by conditioned media from mutant macrophages. The expression of angiogenesis-related proteins in GL261 glioma cells in co-culture experiments either with wild-type or mutant macrophages remained unchanged, indicating that effects observed in vivo are due to myeloid-derived VEGF-A deficiency.Our results highlight the importance of VEGF derived from tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells for initiating vascularization in gliomas. The combination of antiangiogenic agents with myeloid cell-targeting strategies might provide a new therapeutic approach for glioblastoma patients.
Abstract 12673: Mode of Death in Patients with Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Ming Liu, Alex Pui-Wai Lee, Kevin Ka-Ho Kam, Fang Fang, Qing Zhang, John E Sanderson, Bryan P Yan, Jing-Ping Sun, Cheuk-Man Yu
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction (HFPEF) had high mortality. However, there were limited studies about the mode of death in HFPEF patients, especially in Chinese population. Methods: We studied 1462 consecutive heart failure (HF) patients admitted to our hospital from 2006-2010 with HF symptoms. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was evaluated by echocardiography during hospitalization. Specific cause of death within 1 year’s follow-up was compared between HFPEF (EF≥50%) and HF patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFREF; EF≤50%). Results: 611 patients were HFREF and 851 were HFPEF in our cohort. 1-year all cause mortality rates were 29.5% (181 patients) in HFREF and 21.0% (171 patients) in HFPEF (P≤0.001). The mode of death in HFPEF was cardiovascular (CV) in 57.3% [including 20.5% refractory HF, 13.5% sudden death, 9.4% acute coronary syndrome (ACS), 5.8% stroke and 1.2% other CV reasons], non-CV in 30.1%, and unknown in 12.3% (Figure). The prevalence of ...
Pharmacokinetic (PK) and Pharmacodynamic (PD) Study Of Dasatinib In Chronic Phase Of Newly Diagnosed Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML-CP)
Authors: Yoji Ishida, Kazunori Murai, Kohei Yamaguchi, Takuo Miyagishima, Motohiro Shindo, Kazuei Ogawa, Takahiro Nagashima, Shinji Sato, Reiko Watanabe, Satoshi Yamamoto, Takaaki Hirose, Yuichi Kato, Masakatsu Yonezumi, Takeshi Kondo, Nobuo Mochizuki, Keiko Ohno, Satoshi Kishino, Shigeki Ito, Komei Kubo, Sohichi Saito
Journal: Blood (2013)
Some Notes on Physique and Athletic Training
Authors: R. W. Parnell
Journal: BMJ (1951)

In the course of the last two years two groups of athletes?the Oxford University Women's Boat Club and the Oxford University Athletic Club?have been studied. In each case the aim was to discover whether the physique of these undergraduates differed from that of the undergraduate population as a whole. The O.U.W.B.C. represents a group of women students who elected to take part in exceptionally strenuous physical activity. The O.U.A.C. consists of men athletes highly selected in relation to either school or general university level. If it can be shown that fundamental differences exist between the physique of athletes and others, then further questions arise. Are these differences related to success or failure in the particular sport concerned and, if so, do they represent inborn ability or are they the result of training ? Again, could these attributes, once identified, be used for the purpose of selection, or even to predict performance ? Satisfying answers to such questions would help incidentally to counter popular opinion or prejudice expressed in such views as athletics injure the heart, or in the case of a woman rowing, as one landlady picturesquely put it, that it  would turn her into a man.
Portal inflammation is independently associated with fibrosis and metabolic syndrome in pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Jake P. Mann, Rita De Vito, Antonella Mosca, Anna Alisi, Matthew J. Armstrong, Massimiliano Raponi, Ulrich Baumann, Valerio Nobili
Journal: Hepatology (2015)

Pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) histology demonstrates variable amounts of portal inflammation, which may be associated with more severe liver disease and fibrosis. We assessed the relationship between portal inflammation, hepatic fibrosis, and the metabolic syndrome in pediatric NAFLD. Children with biopsy-proven NAFLD were eligible for inclusion. Histology was assessed using Kleiner fibrosis stage and the Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Clinical Research Network system for portal inflammation. Patients were divided by histology into type 1, type 2, and overlap NAFLD. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with fibrosis and portal inflammation. The 430 Caucasian children were divided into 52 with type 1, 95 with type 2, and 283 with overlap NAFLD. Those with type 2 had a more severe metabolic phenotype, with higher body mass index z score (2.0 versus 1.6, P < 0.0001), waist circumference centile (96th versus 90th, P < 0.0001), and triglycerides (84 versus 77 mg/dL, P = 0.01) and lower high-density lipoprotein (46 versus 60 mg/dL, P = 0.004) than those with type 1. Similarly, those with overlap NAFLD had a more severe phenotype. Stage 2-3 fibrosis was present in 69/283 (24%) with overlap NAFLD. Portal inflammation was associated with stage 2-3 fibrosis on multivariable analysis (95% confidence interval 1.4-5.2, odds ratio = 3.7). Waist circumference centile was associated with portal inflammation (95% confidence interval 1.2-3.4, odds ratio = 2.0).Portal inflammation is associated with more advanced pediatric NAFLD and features of the metabolic syndrome.
Abstract 12390: Understanding Patient Characteristics and Clinical Significance of Headaches in Patients With Fibromuscular Dysplasia: A Report of the United States Registry for Fibromuscular Dysplasia
Authors: Rina Verma, Xiaokui Gu, Eva Kline-Rogers, Heather Gornik, Jeffrey Olin, Esther Sh Kim, Patsy Bruenger, Pam Mace, James Froehlich
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Headache is a common symptom reported among patients with fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD). Patients with headache have not been well characterized and the clinical significance of headach...
Abstract 15658: Prognostic Value of Right Ventricular Dilation and Dysfunction in Patients With Ischemic Cardiomyopathy: Impact of Revascularization
Authors: Marwa A Sabe, Sharif A Sabe, Jacob Anderson, Scott Flamm, Zoran Popovic, Deborah Kwon
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Right ventricular dysfunction has been shown to be a strong predictor of mortality in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy. Whether this association is affected by revascularization ha...
Retrospective Study of S-1 Based Chemotherapy in Elderly Patients with Advanced Gastric Cancer
Authors: K. Shimada, Y. Takinishi, K. Kobayashi, T. Sekikawa, Y. Saitou, H. Toshima, A. Hisamatsu, T. Nunoue, Y. Kitahara, K. Miyashita, E. Kinugsa
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Imetelstat therapy in refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts with or without thrombocytosis
Authors: A Tefferi, A Al-Kali, K H Begna, M M Patnaik, T L Lasho, A Rizo, Y Wan, C A Hanson
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2016)

Imetelstat therapy in refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts with or without thrombocytosis
Total body water and body composition in chronic peritoneal dialysis patients.
Authors: W Arkouche, D Fouque, C Pachiaudi, S Normand, M Laville, E Delawari, J P Riou, J Traeger, M La Ville
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1997)

In this investigation, total body water (TBW) in ten chronic peritoneal dialysis patients was studied by deuterium (TBW-2H), skinfold thickness (TBW-ST), Watson formula (TBW-WA), 58% of body weight (TBW-58%), and bioelectrical impedance (TBW-BIA), and these results were compared with the reference oxygen18 (TBW-18O) method. We also analyzed the fat-free mass (FFM) by skinfold thickness (FFM-ST), bioelectrical impedance (FFM-BIA), oxygen18 (FFM-18O), and creatinine kinetics method (FFM-CK). In addition, resting metabolic rate was measured by indirect calorimetry. Compared with TBW-18O, TBW-58% and TBW-BIA were significantly different (P < 0.01). TBW-2H overestimated TBW-18O by 4.3%. TBW-ST and TBW-WA gave slightly greater values than TBW-18O, although these values were nonstatistically significant. The best prediction of total body water from these methods was obtained with the Watson formula. When Kt/V was calculated from these results, the values obtained were statistically greater (BIA, P < 0.001) and smaller (58% BW, P < 0.01) than those obtained with either 18O or Watson formula. The fat-free mass estimation also led to discrepant findings. Indeed, FFM-CK was significantly lower (P < 0.05) as compared with FFM-ST, FFM-BIA, or FFM-18O. Resting metabolic rate was strongly correlated with FFM estimated by skinfold thickness (r = 0.91, P < 0.001), bioelectrical impedance (r = 0.85, P < 0.005), and 18O (r = 0.77, P < 0.01), but not when fat-free mass was estimated by the creatinine kinetic method. The water content of fat-free mass estimated by skinfold thickness was found to be 69.7 +/- 6.9% in these patients, a value lower than the standard 73.2% found in healthy adults. This study confirms that there is an abnormal water distribution in chronic peritoneal dialysis patients. However, when compared with the oxygen18 reference method, the Watson formula allows a reliable estimation of Kt/V.
Incidence and Determinants of Traumatic Intracranial Bleeding Among Older Veterans Receiving Warfarin for Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: John A. Dodson, Andrew Petrone, David R. Gagnon, Mary E. Tinetti, Harlan M. Krumholz, J. Michael Gaziano
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2016)

Traumatic intracranial bleeding, which is most commonly attributable to falls, is a common concern among health care professionals, who are hesitant to prescribe oral anticoagulants to older adults with atrial fibrillation.
Modulation of hematopoiesis in mice with a truncated mutant of the interleukin-2 receptor gamma chain
Authors: K Ohbo, T Suda, M Hashiyama, A Mantani, M Ikebe, K Miyakawa, M Moriyama, M Nakamura, M Katsuki, K Takahashi, K Yamamura, K Sugamura
Journal: Blood (1996)
Fas-670 polymorphism and prostate cancer
Authors: L. Lima, F. M. Calais da Silva, F. E. Calais da Silva, A. Morais, F. Lobo, R. Medeiros
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

21028 Background: The FAS/FASL system is one of the major pathways in apoptosis and is important to regulate cell proliferation and tumor cell growth. Functional promoter polymorphisms of FAS gene (FAS -670 A/G) alter the transcriptional activity. The role of FAS polymorphisms in prostate cancer has not been studied. Methods: DNA extracted from peripheral blood from 529 prostate cancer patients and from 247 healthy controls was analysed by Polymerase Chain Reaction - Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) for FAS gene locus -670 genotypes. Results: We found that the AG and GG genotypes represent significantly protection (OR=0.41; confidence interval (CI): 0.26–0.65 and OR=0.39; CI: 0.21–0.74, respectively) for extracapsular invasion. Taken this genotypes together, a significantly protection was found for G allele carriers (OR=0.41; CI: 0.27–0.63). Conclusions: It is well known that G allele reduces the transcriptional activity of FAS gene. Fas exist as membrane bound and soluble forms and with opposite roles. They derive from the same gene by alternative splicing. Membrane Fas receptor trigger apoptosis and in other hand soluble Fas (sFas), which lacks transmembrane domain, binds to Fas ligand antagonizing Fas-Fas ligand apoptotic pathway. It is reported that serum sFas is elevated in prostate cancer and associated with advanced disease. Our results suggest that G allele may reduce sFas levels preventing the apoptotic inhibition caused by the soluble form. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Cholédoco-duodénostomie guidée par échoendoscopie vs prothèse trans-papillaire en cas d’obstruction biliaire maligne distale
Journal: Endoscopy (2016)

La pose de prothèse biliaire métallique trans-papillaire par voie rétrograde est le traitement de première ligne de l’obstruction biliaire maligne distale. Néanmoins, même pratiquée par des experts, cette technique expose au risque de pancréatite et de cholécystite post-CPRE. La cholédoco-duodénostomie guidée par échoendoscopie (CDE) est une alternative à l’abord percutanée radiologique en cas d’échec de la CPRE. Les intérêts potentiels de son utilisation en première intention serait: une disparition du risque de pancréatite, une amélioration de la perméabilité et un taux de succès technique supérieur (en particulier en cas d’impossibilité d’accès à la papille). Il n’existe pas dans la littérature de données comparatives évaluant l’efficacité et la sécurité de cette nouvelle technique par rapport à l’abord classique, rétrograde trans-papillaire. Le but de cette étude était de comparer ces 2 techniques, en première intention, en cas d’obstruction biliaire maligne distale.
Adjuvant sunitinib or sorafenib for high-risk, non-metastatic renal-cell carcinoma (ECOG-ACRIN E2805): a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised, phase 3 trial
Authors: Naomi B Haas, Judith Manola, Robert G Uzzo, Keith T Flaherty, Christopher G Wood, Christopher Kane, Michael Jewett, Janice P Dutcher, Michael B Atkins, Michael Pins, George Wilding, David Cella, Lynne Wagner, Surena Matin, Timothy M Kuzel, Wade J Sexton, Yu-Ning Wong, Toni K Choueiri, Roberto Pili, Igor Puzanov, Manish Kohli, Walter Stadler, Michael Carducci, Robert Coomes, Robert S DiPaola
Journal: The Lancet (2016)
Abstract 12517: Statin Therapy in Hemodialysis Patients improves Survival
Authors: Waqas Aftab, Juliana Gazallo, Ali Motabar, Shuja Rasool, Padmini Varadarajan, Ramdas G Pai
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Statin therapy has been shown to be beneficial in reducing cardiovascular events and improving survival in patients at high cardiovascular risk. End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients ...
Identification of a gain-of-function STAT3 mutation (p.Y640F) in lymphocytic variant hypereosinophilic syndrome
Authors: Sarah Walker, Chen Wang, Trent Walradt, Bok Sil Hong, Justin R. Tanner, Jonathan L. Levinsohn, Gerald Goh, Antonio Subtil, Stuart R. Lessin, Warren R. Heymann, Eric C. Vonderheid, Brett A. King, Richard P. Lifton, Jaehyuk Choi
Journal: Blood (2015)
The Genomic Landscape of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: Somatic Calr Mutations in the Majority of JAK2-Wildtype Patients
Authors: Jyoti Nangalia, Charles Massie, E Joanna Baxter, Francesca L Nice, Gunes Gundem, David Wedge, Edward Avezov, Juan Li, Karoline Kollmann, David G. Kent, Athar Aziz, Anna L Godfrey, Jonathan Hinton, Inigo Martincorena, Peter Van Loo, Amy V Jones, Paola Guglielmelli, Patrick Tarpey, Heather P Harding, John D Fitzpatrick, Calum T Goudie, Christina A Ortmann, Stephen J Loughran, Keiran Raine, David Jones, Adam Butler, Jon W Teague, Sarah O'Meara, Stuart McLaren, Michele Bianchi, Yvonne Silber, Danai Dimitropolou, David Bloxham, Laura J Mudie, Mark Maddison, Ben Robinson, Clodagh Keohane, Cathy MacLean, Kate Hill, Kim H. Orchard, Sudhir Tauro, Ming-Qing Du, Mel Greaves, David Bowen, Brian Huntly, Claire N Harrison, Nicholas C.P. Cross, David Ron, Alessandro M Vannucchi, Elli Papaemmanuil, Peter J. Campbell, Anthony R Green
Journal: Blood (2013)
Inhibitory Effects of Heparin Plus Cortisone Acetate on Endothelial Cell Growth Both in Cultures and in Tumor Masses
Authors: N Sakamoto, N G Tanaka, A Tohgo, Y Osada, H Ogawa
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1987)

A combination of heparin and cortisone acetate significantly inhibited both embryonic angiogenesis and the tumor growth of Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL) transplanted into C57BL/6 mice, although each of these agents used alone affected neither angiogenesis nor tumor growth. On the other hand, this combination neither decreased the number of metastatic foci in the lung nor prolonged the survival time of mice with 3LL. All tumor-bearing mice died of hemothorax due to pulmonary metastases. Cortisone acetate by itself increased metastasis, and addition of heparin did not affect accelerated metastasis. Because an antiangiogenic activity appears independent of metastasis acceleration by cortisone acetate, the use of steroids other than cortisone acetate having no metastasis-promotion effect should be required for an antiangiogenic tumor therapy in the presence of heparin. Heparin plus cortisone acetate prevented the DNA synthesis of cultured vascular endothelial cells but not that of cultured 3LL cells. Additionally, oral administration of this combination decreased the [3H]thymidine labeling of endothelial cells of tumor blood vessels prior to the suppression of tumor growth. The specific inhibition of the growth of endothelial cells by heparin plus cortisone acetate was revealed in both the in vitro and the in vivo tests.
No economic benefit of early knee reconstruction over optional delayed reconstruction for ACL tears: registry enriched randomised controlled trial data
Authors: Aliasghar A Kiadaliri, Martin Englund, L Stefan Lohmander, Katarina Steen Carlsson, Richard B Frobell
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2016)

Background To analyse 5-year cost-effectiveness of early versus optional delayed acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Methods 121 young, active adults with acute ACL injury to a previously uninjured knee were randomised to early ACL reconstruction (n=62, within 10 weeks of injury) or optional delayed ACL reconstruction (n=59; 30 with ACL reconstruction within 6–55 months); all patients received similar structured rehabilitation. Real life data on health care utilisation and sick leave were obtained from regional and national registers. Costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were discounted at 3%. Full-analysis set (based on study randomisation) and as-treated analysis (according to actual treatment over 5 years) principles were applied. Results Mean cost of early ACL reconstruction was €4695 higher than optional delayed ACL reconstruction (p=0.19) and provided an additional 0.13 QALYs (p=0.11). Full-analysis set showed incremental net benefit of early versus optional delayed ACL reconstruction was not statistically significantly different from zero at any level. As-treated analysis showed that costs for rehabilitation alone were €13 650 less than early ACL reconstruction (p&lt;0.001). Results were robust to sensitivity analyses. Conclusions In young active adults with acute ACL injury, a strategy of early ACL reconstruction did not provide extra economic value over a strategy of optional delayed ACL reconstruction over a 5-year period. Results from this and previous reports of the KANON-trial imply that early identification of individuals who would benefit from either early ACL reconstruction or rehabilitation alone might reduce resource consumption and decrease risk of unnecessary overtreatment. Trial registration ISRCTN84752559.
Abstract 15090: AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Upregulates Sodium-Dependent Glucose Transporter SGLT1, Which Contributes to Cardiac Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Chao Tong, Mohun Ramratnam, Vineet Agrawal, Stephen D’Auria, Xueyin N Huang, John Sembrat, Ferhaan Ahmad
Journal: Circulation (2013)

INTRODUCTION:  AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is cardioprotective during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). We have identified a novel cardiac sodium glucose cotransporter, SGLT1, and determined that it is upregulated in transgenic mice with a mutation leading to AMPK hyperactivation. Therefore, we hypothesized that SGLT1 is a downstream target of AMPK and is involved in the cardiac response to I/R.   METHODS AND RESULTS:  HL-1 cells treated in vitro with the AMPK activator AICAR (1mM) for 24 h had a 2.89±0.6 fold increase in SGLT1 mRNA (vs. vehicle, N=3, P   CONCLUSIONS:  AMPK is an upstream regulator of cardiac SGLT1. Although AMPK generally mediates cardioprotection in I/R, transgenic knockdown of SGLT1 in mice improved post-I/R functional recovery, decreased infarction size, and decreased oxidative stress. These effects may be related to decreased oxidative stress. SGLT1 may be a novel therapeutic interventional target for ischemic heart disease.
The Combination Of Arsenic, Interferon-Alpha, and Zidovudine Restores An “Immunocompetent-like” Micro-Environment In Patients With Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma
Authors: Ghada Kchour, S. A. Rahim Rezaee, Reza Farid, Akram Ghantous, Houshang Rafatpana, Mahdi Tarhini, Mohamad-Mehdi Kooshyar, Hiba El Hajj, Fadwa Berry, Roudaina Nasser, Abbas Shirdel, Zeina Dassouki, Mohamad Ezzedine, Hossein Rahimi, Ardeshir Ghavamzadeh, Hugues de Thé, Olivier Hermine, Mahmoud Mahmoudi, Ali Bazarbachi
Journal: Blood (2013)