tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Early and late arrhythmogenic effects of doxorubicin
Authors: S. Kilickap, I. Barista, E. Akgul, K. Aytemir, S. Aksoy, G. Tekuzman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

18587 Background: To determine the early and late arrhythmogenic effects of doxorubicin-containing chemotherapy regimens, and to identify associated risk. Methods: A prospective study including 29 patients who were treated with doxorubicin-containing regimens between September 2002 and September 2003. Cardiac evaluation was based on 24-hour electrocardiographic monitorization (Holter), which was performed during the first cycle of doxorubicin-containing regimens as well as after the last cycle of chemotherapy. Results: The mean age of the patients was 45.8 ± 15.1 (range 18–69) and the average dose of doxorubicin was 280.03 ± 113.50 mg/m 2 (range 50–480). Holter records obtained during the first cycle of treatment revealed varying arrhythmias in 19 patients (65.5%). The most common arrhythmia was supraventricular extrasystole (n = 11, 37%). Holter records obtained after completion of therapy revealed a variety of rhythm abnormalities in 18 (62.1%) patients, with supraventricular extrasystole again being the most common arrhythmia (n = 13, 44.8%). Only 13 (44.8%) patients had arrhythmias documented in both Holter records. One patient presented with syncope during the first course of doxorubicin therapy and Mobitz type 2 atrioventricular block along with complete atrioventricular block lasting for 12 seconds were demonstrated after examination of Holter records. The patient subsequently underwent permanent pacemaker implantation. There was no correlation between the development of arrhythmia in the early and late period and sex, diagnosis, age, and previous radiotherapy history. Conclusion: Doxorubicin may result in arrhythmias both in early and late periods of treatment. These arrhythmias are rarely life threatening. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Determinants of the Use of Complementary Therapies by Patients With Cancer
Authors: O. Paltiel, M. Avitzour, T. Peretz, N. Cherny, L. Kaduri, R. M. Pfeffer, N. Wagner, V. Soskolne
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2001)

We performed a survey of Israeli oncology patients to examine the extent of their use of complementary therapies (CT) and to compare sociodemographic, psychologic, and medical characteristics, attitudes, and quality of life of users and nonusers of CT.Questionnaires were administered to 1,027 patients attending ambulatory and inpatient hematology or oncology facilities at three hospitals. Medical information was extracted from charts. Univariate and multivariate comparisons of users and nonusers of CT were performed.A total of 526 participants (51.2%) had used CT since their diagnosis, and 357 patients (34.9%) had used CT recently (in the past 3 months). Factors that multivariate analysis found to be significantly associated (P <.05) with recent CT use were as follows: female sex; age 35 to 59 years; more education; coming to the hospital by private car; advanced disease status; having a close friend or a relative with cancer; and attending support groups or individual counseling. After controlling for these factors, individually examined psychosocial variables associated with recent CT use included the following (odds ratios [OR] with 95% confidence intervals [CI]): needs unmet by conventional medicine (OR, 2.76; 95% CI, 1.95 to 3.89); helplessness (OR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.0 to 1.91); incomplete trust in the doctor (OR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.08 to 2.06); and changed outlook or beliefs since the diagnosis of cancer (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.07 to 2.02). Functional quality of life (including physical, emotional, social, and role function) and symptom (fatigue and diarrhea) scores were significantly worse for recent CT users compared with nonusers, controlling for age, sex, and current disease status.Characteristics associated with CT use include age, sex, education, and advanced disease. Significant associations between CT use and attending supportive psychotherapy, unmet needs, helplessness, and worse emotional and social function indicate considerable distress, suggesting that increased attention to psychosocial needs within oncologic settings is warranted.
Correlation of molecular HLA typing and outcome in high-risk melanoma patients receiving adjuvant interferon
Authors: H. Gogas, M. Spyropoulou-Vlachou, U. Dafni, D. Tsoutsos, C. Markopoulos, A. Polyzos, A. Stratigos, D. Pectasides, D. Bafaloukos, G. Fountzilas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

8029 Background: Serological typing for both HLA class I and class II antigen expression, has previously shown association of specific HLA antigen expression with clinical response and survival in patients with metastatic melanoma treated with IL-2 (e.g. HLA-DQ1). Purpose: To evaluate the impact of HLA class I (low-resolution) and class II (high-resolution) expression, on the outcome of high-risk melanoma patients receiving adjuvant high-dose interferon. Methods: 181 stage IIB, IIC and III melanoma patients (88 female and 93 male), median age 52.1 years and 246 healthy controls were included in this study. DNA was used for the determination of HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-Cw, HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 genotypes. Results: With a median follow-up of 37 months, 59 (group 1) patients have remained with no evidence of recurrence and 122 have recurred (group 2). Statistical significant differences between the two groups, were found in the following genotypes: HLA-A*02 (42% vs. 57.3%, p=0.08), HLA-A*33 (15.2% vs. 6.5%, p=0.05), HLA-B*51 (15.2% vs. 34.4%, p=0.01), HLA-B*57 (11.8% vs. 2.4%, p=0.02). Statistical significant differences between group 1 and healthy controls, were found in the following genotypes: HLA-A*33 (15.2% vs. 6.5%, p=0.05), HLA-B*51 (15.2% vs. 28.5%, p=0.05), HLA-B*57 (11.8% vs. 4.5%, p=0.05), HLA-Cw*03 (23.7% vs. 11%, p=0.01), HLA-Cw*06 (27.1% vs. 16.1%, p=0.06), HLA-DRB1*0701 (27.1% vs. 13.4%, p=0.01), HLA-DRB1*1601 (35.6% vs. 22.3%, p=0.01), HLA-DQB1*0202 (23.8% vs. 10.1%, p=0.09). Conclusions: Statistical significant differences were seen in HLA-A and HLA-B alleles between the patients with high-risk melanoma free of recurrence and those who recurred after treatment with adjuvant interferon. Additionally, differences were seen between healthy controls and melanoma patients free of recurrence. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Metabolic syndrome traits in long-term survivors of pediatric sarcoma at a single institution
Authors: K. E. Hoffman, J. Derdak, D. Bernstein, J. C. Reynolds, S. M. Steinberg, G. Chrousos, L. Gerber, C. L. Mackall, P. J. Mansky
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

9041 Multi-modality therapy (MMT) for pediatric sarcoma (SARC) may result in late endocrine abnormalities and increased cardiovascular morbidity. Metabolic syndrome (MS; NCEP ATPIII definition), a cluster of obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia and hypertension, conveys an increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. This cross-sectional study investigated the prevalence of the MS traits (MST) in long-term survivors of MMT for SARC. 32 survivors of SARC (predominantly Ewing’s; median age 36.5 years, range 17–54; f:m = 15:17; median age at MMT of 15 years, range 7–34; median time since completion of MMT 18 years, range 3–33) completed CT evaluation of abdominal obesity, DEXA scan for body mass composition, fasting serum lipid profile (FLP), the Human Activity Profile (HAP) and PAI and beta 2 microglobulin (B2M) analysis. Results, compared to appropriate controls were considered statistically significant if the p-value &lt; 0.01. SARC survivors were more likely to have one or more MST (common OR 4.04, CI:[1.52, 13.55], p=0.0045). Subjects aged 20–39 had a higher pooled prevalence of the MS (common OR 4.29 [1.50, 11.21], p=0.0077), defined as 3 or more traits, compared to controls stratified by gender. Analysis of individual MST demonstrated higher prevalence of hypertension (common OR 2.61,[1.20, 5.59], p=0.015), hypertriglyceridemia (common OR 3.63, [1.75, 7.60], p=0.0006), and male abdominal obesity (common OR 4.52, [1.57, 13.39], p=0.0046). SARC survivors had a higher prevalence of hypercholesterolemia than healthy adults (p=0.012). PAI antigen (p=0.043), PAI activity (p=0.018) and B2M levels (p=0.043) increased with an increasing number of MST. In male subjects, total testosterone declined (p=0.008) as the number of MST increased. Average (p=0.028) and maximum (p=0.041) activity levels decreased as the number of MST increased. After a median follow up of 18 years, adult SARC survivors of MMT have an increased prevalence of MST, especially between ages 20–39 years. The development of MST may be associated with decreased testosterone and decreased activity level. Younger male adult SARC survivors may be at particular risk for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease and should be monitored. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Bone mineral density in women with non-metastatic breast cancer: Effect of intravenous bisphosphonates given before adjuvant therapies
Authors: B. Alonso, R. Aleman, L. Rodríguez, M. Llanos, J. Cruz, J. Oramas, E. Rodríguez, R. García, S. Ponce, J. Batista
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

11038 Background: Adjuvant therapies shown survival improve of non-metastatic breast cancer (NMBC) patients, but they also decrease bone mineral density (BMD). Bisphosphonates are effective agents for the management of osteoporosis. Intravenous zoledronate, which is approved for the treatment of malignant hypercalcemia, multiple myeloma, and skeletal metastases, can suppress bone resorption and are often considered first-line therapy for the treatment of osteoporosis. We have analyzed the effects of chemotherapy on BMD of women with NMBC who received before adjuvant therapies intravenous bisphosphonates (zoledronic acid). Methods: We prospectively studied the effects of a single intravenous zoledronic acid dose (4 mg), on BMD of 74 women with NMBC (stage I-III), administred previous to the adjuvant therapies. The patients were referred to the Medical Oncology Service of University Hospital of Canary Islands between 2003 y 2006. Lumbar and hip BMD (g/cm 2 ) was measured at diagnosis and after chemotherapy. The results were compared with a group of 80 patients with NMBC who received adjuvant therapy without intravenous bisphosphonates. Results: Breast cancer patients the median age was 52 ± 10 years old and the body mass index was 28,2 ± 5.5 kg/m 2 . At baseline there were not differences in BMD between the group that received bisphosphonates and the group with only chemotherapy at any of lumbar or femoral bone sites. In our study, the BMD after chemotherapy and intravenous bisphosphonates (n=74) significantly increased at femoral neck (0.805 ± 0.01, 0,826± 0.12; p=0.002) and trochanter (0.709 ± 0.01, 0.724 ± 0.01; p=0.002) and remained stable at lumbar, intertrochanter, total hip and Ward’s triangle; whether the group without bisphosphonates significantly decreased at lumbar (1.014 ± 0; 0.995 ± 0, p=0.0001), trochanter (0.701± 0; 0.690 ± 0, p=0,046), intertrochanter (1,095 ± 0; 1.078 ± 0, p=0.0001) and total hip (0,924 ± 0; 0.915 ± 0, p=0.046) areas (table). Conclusions: Women with NMBC are affected by early bone loss after adjuvant chemotherapy. Bisphosphonates intravenous (zoledronic acid) given before adjuvant therapy might be an effective treatment for this bone loss, increasing BMD or remaining stable. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Continuous usage of a hair dye product containing 2‐methoxymethyl‐<i>para</i>‐phenylenediamine by hair‐dye‐allergic individuals
Authors: M. Kock, P.‐J. Coenraads, B. Blömeke, C. Goebel
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2016)

Despite a positive patch test reaction to para-phenylenediamine (PPD) and/or toluene-2,5-diamine (PTD), many people attempt to continue dyeing their hair with products containing PPD or its derivatives.Investigation of elicitation reactions among PPD/PTD-allergic individuals to hair dye products containing the less sensitizing PPD derivative 2-methoxymethyl (ME)-PPD.Elicitation reactions were studied in 43 PPD/PTD-allergic individuals by a 45-min pretest with an ME-PPD-containing hair dye on their forearm. Upon a negative result this was followed by exposure to subsequent hair colour treatment(s).Overall, 38 of 43 PPD/PTD-allergic individuals did not develop an elicitation reaction during the pretest with ME-PPD-containing hair dye products, and were eligible for subsequent hair colour treatments. Of these 38 PPD/PTD-allergic individuals, 29 tolerated subsequent hair dyeing with ME-PPD-containing hair dye products, while seven showed mild and two showed moderate/marked allergic reactions upon the first hair colour treatment.Hair dye products with the less sensitizing ME-PPD were tolerated by 29 of 43 (67%) PPD/PTD-allergic individuals throughout continued hair dyeing with an average of nine treatments per year. Five individuals reacted upon pretesting, while only mild-to-moderate/marked skin reactions occurred upon hair dyeing in nine individuals who were not identified by the pretest. To our knowledge this is the first study among PPD/PTD-allergic individuals indicating that a negative 45-min pretest with a hair dye product helps to avoid severe allergic reactions.
Abstract #5538: Reversal of chemoresistance and enhancement of apoptosis by curcumin through down-regulation of the NF-kappaB pathway in Ewing\#8217;s sarcoma cells
Authors: Manoj Pandey, Bokyoung Sung, Eli Newsome, Bharat Aggarwal, Patrick Lin
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

AACR Annual Meeting-- Apr 18-22, 2009; Denver, CO

The prognosis of high-risk Ewing tumours (HR-ET) remains poor. Doxorubicin-containing chemotherapy regimens are standard of care for HR-ET patients. However, chemo-resistivity is often observed in patients who relapse or develop metastatic disease. Curcumin (diferuloylmethane), an anti-inflammatory agent used in traditional medicine, has been shown to suppress cellular transformation, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis through modulation of NF-kappa B activation. We determined whether the combination of curcumin and standard chemotherapeutic agents could overcome chemo-resistance and augment apoptosis in Ewing\#8217;s sarcoma cells. We found that doxorubicin induced NF kappa B activation in various cell lines, including TC-71, RDES, and A4573. Pretreatment of cells with curcumin inhibits chemotherapy-induced activation of NF kappa B and potentiates the apoptosis induced by doxorubicin. We found that curcumin had no effect on the level of expression of transcription factor EWS-FLI-1. These results suggest that curcumin mediates its effect through down regulation of NF kappa B. This mechanism of action may be useful in overcoming chemoresistance of HR-ET.

Citation Information: In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr 5538.
Stress management in breast cancer patients by healing breath program
Authors: G. Kamboj, S. S. Tejwani, P. Nangia-Makker, N. Oja-Tebbe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

8214 Background: Our aim in this pilot study was to evaluate the effects of the yoga and meditation techniques on quality of life (QOL) in patients with breast cancer, and to corelate it with changes in plasma cortisol and prolactin levels, as objective measures of stress. Methods: Patients with any stage of breast cancer and undergoing any kind of treatment were included in this study. They underwent a two day course on stress management and relaxation techniques, yoga and meditation, healthy living and breathing exercises taught by a certified instructor. Participants were encouraged to practice these techniques at home for 15–30 minutes daily. Plasma prolactin and cortisol levels were determined and QOL questionnaire was obtained at baseline, and roughly near days 21, 45, 90 and 6 months. Results: 22 patients with breast cancer participated in this pilot study. Only 9 patients completed the study till the last time point. Statistical analysis using mixed models with repeated measures revealed no significant differences in prolactin and cortisol values observed over time. However a trend towards improvement was observed in the cortisol levels, when the results were analyzed as % values of the baseline. An average reduction of 20.3% in 10 patients and an increase of 23.4% in other 6 was observed on day 21 out of a total 16 compliant patients. At about 45 days, in 9 patients a reduction of average 28.7 was observed, whereas 4 patients showed an increase of 15%. Prolactin levels did not show any trend, suggesting that it may not be a useful marker for evaluation of stress. Baseline scores for Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT) were marginally smaller than the day 15 FACT scores (p=0.0179) suggesting a trend towards improvement in quality of life after intervention. Conclusion: Our pilot study showed a trend towards improvement in QOL as well as cortisol levels, however these differences were not statistically significant and larger sample size with more compliant patients is needed to validate this suggested trend. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Pooled Analysis of the Prognostic Relevance of Circulating Tumor Cells in Primary Breast Cancer
Authors: Wolfgang J. Janni, Brigitte Rack, Leon W.M.M. Terstappen, Jean-Yves Pierga, Florin-Andrei Taran, Tanja Fehm, Carolyn Hall, Marco R. de Groot, François-Clement Bidard, Thomas W.P. Friedl, Peter A. Fasching, Sara Y. Brucker, Klaus Pantel, Anthony Lucci
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Although unequivocal evidence has shown the prognostic relevance of circulating tumor cells (CTC) in the peripheral blood of patients with metastatic breast cancer, less evidence is available for the prognostic relevance of CTCs at the time of primary diagnosis.We conducted a pooled analysis of individual data from 3,173 patients with nonmetastatic (stage I-III) breast cancer from five breast cancer institutions. The prevalence and numbers of CTCs were assessed at the time of primary diagnosis with the FDA-cleared CellSearch System (Janssen Diagnostics, LLC). Patient outcomes were analyzed using meta-analytic procedures, univariate log-rank tests, and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analyses. The median follow-up duration was 62.8 months.One or more CTCs were detected in 20.2% of the patients. CTC-positive patients had larger tumors, increased lymph node involvement, and a higher histologic tumor grade than did CTC-negative patients (all P < 0.002). Multivariate Cox regressions, which included tumor size, nodal status, histologic tumor grade, and hormone receptor and HER2 status, confirmed that the presence of CTCs was an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival [HR, 1.82; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.47-2.26], distant disease-free survival (HR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.49-2.40), breast cancer-specific survival (HR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.52-2.75), and overall survival (HR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.51-2.59).In patients with primary breast cancer, the presence of CTCs was an independent predictor of poor disease-free, overall, breast cancer-specific, and distant disease-free survival. Clin Cancer Res; 22(10); 2583-93. ©2016 AACR.
Cautious welcome for gene editing of Duchenne muscular dystrophy in animal model
Authors: Nigel Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2016)

The gene defect responsible for Duchenne muscular dystrophy has been corrected in a mouse model, raising hopes for a cure for this fatal disease.

The success, published in Science by a team from several US research centres, was greeted as “very exciting indeed” by a UK expert, Peter Braude, emeritus professor of obstetrics and gynaecology at King’s College London. So far, only proof of principle has been established, and more work will be needed before clinical use in human patients could be attempted.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy is the commonest and most severe form of the disease among boys and causes progressive muscle degeneration and weakness. Its cause has long been known to be mutations in a gene carried on the X chromosome that encode the protein dystrophin, vital to …
Enhancement of Host Response to Subliminal Doses of Rous Sarcoma Virus by Freund's Adjuvant
Authors: Frank J. Rauscher, Mary A. Fink, John P. Kvedar
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1963)

When young chicks were inoculated subcutaneously with complete Freund's adjuvant, granulomatous lesions developed at the sites of inoculation. The reaction appeared in 4 to 5 days, and 25 days after inoculation, the tissue occasionally weighed 20 to 30 g. An intravenous or intragranulomatous inoculation of approximately 0.01 ED50 of Rous sarcoma virus (RSV), 15 days after the chicks had received adjuvant intramuscularly, caused the granulomas to grow at an accelerated rate and sometimes to invade adjacent muscle. Approximately 15 percent of these growths yielded 2 to 3 log pock-forming units of RSV per ml of tissue. The same dose of virus failed to induce tumors in non-adjuvant-treated control birds. Extracts of tissues from such control birds were noninfective. The incidence and severity of visceral metastases at higher dose levels were also increased in infected birds previously inoculated with complete adjuvant. Conversely, when chicks were inoculated with a dilution of virus (<1 ED50) failing to produce tumors and then inoculated with adjuvant, 85 percent developed significant levels of anti-RSV antibody although active virus could not be recovered. Control chicks receiving virus, but inoculated with saline instead of adjuvant, failed to develop measurable amounts of antibody. The amount of antibody produced after inoculation of adjuvant was directly related to the original infecting dose of virus. With this technique it was possible to measure host response to quantities of virus 4 to 6 log dilutions less than that required to induce tumors.—J Nat Cancer Inst 30: 645–659, 1963.