tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Traditional Pima Indian Diet: Composition and adaptation for use in a dietary intervention study
Authors: Vicky L Boyce, Boyd A Swinburn
Journal: Diabetes Care (1993)

To examine changes in the Pima Indian diet composition that may have played a role in the dramatic rise in the incidence of NIDDM among Pima Indians over the last century.We investigated the composition of the foods comparable to those available to the Pima approximately 100 yr ago, with the aim of reproducing this traditional diet as faithfully as possible for a dietary intervention study. An approximation of the traditional diet was ascertained from the ethnohistoric literature and traditional recipes.We estimated that the traditional Pima diet, although seasonably variable, was approximately 70-80% carbohydrate, 8-12% fat, and 12-18% protein. A diet analogous to the traditional Pima diet is largely reproducible with the foods available today. Many native foods are available locally and many commercial products can be substituted when native foods are unavailable.The Pima Indian diet of the last century was much higher in carbohydrate and lower in fat compared with the modern-day Pima diet. Any changes that this diabetes-prone population can make toward their traditional diet may help to decrease their incidence of diabetes.
Novel genetic association of the<i>VTCN1</i>region with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Nina A Daha, Benedicte A Lie, L A Trouw, Gerrie Stoeken, Joris J M Schonkeren, Bo Ding, Tore K Kvien, Marco W Schilham, Leonid Padyukov, T W J Huizinga, Rene Toes
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2012)

<h3>Objective</h3> Based upon findings in juvenile idiopathic arthritis, the genetic contribution of the <i>VTCN1</i> region to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) susceptibility and anticitrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) status was investigated. <i>VTCN1</i> is known to play a pivotal role in regulation of the immune system and, in soluble form, has previously been associated with higher disease activity. <h3>Methods</h3> Ten <i>VTCN1</i> polymorphisms were genotyped in 1237 Dutch patients with RA and 1055 healthy controls. Significant findings were replicated in two independent RA populations of northern European descent consisting of 2826 patients and 2122 healthy controls. Allele distribution was analysed using a χ<sup>2</sup> test and combined analysis of all studies was performed using the Mantel–Haenszel fixed effects method. <h3>Results</h3> A significant association with two polymorphisms was observed in the Dutch RA population. Replication of these findings showed an overall significant association with rs4376721 and rs10923217 (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.24, p=0.013 and OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.67 to 0.91, p=0.0011, respectively). Stratification for ACPA status revealed an association in the ACPA-negative subset for rs4376721 (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.35, p=0.0071), while no overall significance could be observed in the ACPA-positive population. rs10923217 was associated with both subsets of the disease. <h3>Conclusion</h3> These results indicate a novel genetic association with the <i>VTCN1</i> region in RA susceptibility.
In vitro maturation of immature thymocytes into immunocompetent T cells in the absence of direct thymic influence
Authors: C Irle, P-F Piguet, P Vassalli
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1978)

Peanut lectin (PNL) binds to a majority of mouse thymocytes (Thc) in suspension. By using cell affinity chromatography on a column of anti-PNL antibody, Thc populations at least 96 percent pure in PNL + or - cells, as judged by immunofluorescence, were obtained. PNL(+) cells are rich in Thy 1 and poor in H(2) antigens, cortisone sensitive, unresponsive to phytohemagglutinin (PHA), and immunologically incompetent, as judged by mixed lymphocyte reaction, popliteal lymph node graft-versus-host assay, and by testing helper activity in a primary in vitro antibody response to sheep erythrocytes; the converse is true of PNL(-) cells. Thus, PNL(+) and (-) cells appear to correspond to cortical and medullary Thc, respectively, as previously suggested. In culture, PNL(+) Thc show poor viability and a weak proliferative response to concanavalin A (Con A), except when supernate (SUP) of 24 h Con A stimulated lymph node lymphocyte cultures, or irradiated lymph node cells, are added, in which cases a strong proliferative response to the mitogen is observed. A variety of control experiments showed that the proliferating cells did not result from preferential stimulation of a few contaminating PNL(-) Thc present in the PNL(+) Thc cultures. The blasts resulting from PNL(+) Thc proliferation display mitogen-induced cytotoxicity, and give rise to a population of medium-sized lymphocytes, mostly PNL(-), poor in Thy 1 and rich in H(2) antigens, PHA responsive, and immunologically competent in the above-mentioned assays. Fresh PNL(+) Thc responded in mixed lymphocyte reaction in the presence of SUP (lectin depleted) and since incubation in SUP alone did not confer reactivity on PNL(+) Thc, it appears therefore that (a) immature Thc possess alloantigen and mitogen-specific surface receptors but lack the capacity to respond by proliferation to receptor triggering without the help of extracellular factor(s) released by mature lymphoid cells stimulated by mitogens (b) cell division is associated with the acquisition of immunological responsiveness, characteristic of mature T lymphocytes. The implications of these findings for the ontogenesis of thymus-derived lymphocytes, and for the possible traffic of Thc within and from the thymus, are discussed.
Photodynamic therapy simplified: nonprepared, moderate-grade actinic keratosis lesions respond equally well to 5-aminolaevulinic acid patch photodynamic therapy as do mild lesions
Authors: R.M. Szeimies, A. Hauschild, C. Ortland, A.C.E. Moor, M. Stocker, C. Surber
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2015)

Journal Article Photodynamic therapy simplified: nonprepared, moderate‐grade actinic keratosis lesions respond equally well to 5‐aminolaevulinic acid patch photodynamic therapy as do mild lesions Get access R.M. Szeimies, R.M. Szeimies Department of Dermatology and Allergology Klinikum Vest Academic Teaching Hospital Dorstener Strasse 151 D‐45657 Recklinghausen Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Hauschild, A. Hauschild Department of Dermatology University of Kiel Schittenhelmstr.7 D‐24105 Kiel Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Ortland, C. Ortland das forschungsdock® Eidelstedter Weg 1 D‐22869 Schenefeld Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.C.E. Moor, A.C.E. Moor photonamic GmbH & Co. KG Theaterstrasse 6 D‐22880 Wedel Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Stocker, M. Stocker photonamic GmbH & Co. KG Theaterstrasse 6 D‐22880 Wedel Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Surber C. Surber Universitätsspital Basel Dermatologische Universitätsklinik Petersgraben 4 CH‐4031 Basel SwitzerlandUniversitätsSpital Zürich Dermatologische Klinik Gloriastrasse 31 CH‐8091 Zürich Switzerland Correspondence: Christian Surber. E‐mail: christian.surber@unibas.ch Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 173, Issue 5, 1 November 2015, Pages 1277–1279, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.13889 Published: 01 November 2015
Prostate Cancer Screening in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial: Findings From the Initial Screening Round of a Randomized Trial
Authors: G. L. Andriole, D. L. Levin, E. D. Crawford, E. P. Gelmann, P. F. Pinsky, D. Chia, B. S. Kramer, D. Reding, T. R. Church, R. L. Grubb, G. Izmirlian, L. R. Ragard, J. D. Clapp, P. C. Prorok, J. K. Gohagan
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2005)

Background: The benefit of screening for prostate cancer using prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing and digital rectal examination (DRE) is uncertain and is under evaluation in a randomized prospective trial, the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial. Although the final results are several years away, the initial round of screening is complete. We describe the population enrolled in the PLCO trial, their baseline PSA and DRE screening results, and diagnostic follow-up results during the first year of follow-up. Methods: A total of 38 350 men were randomly assigned to the screening arm of the PLCO trial from November 1993 through June 2001. Men were advised to seek diagnostic follow-up from their primary care provider if their DRE was suspicious for cancer and/or if their serum PSA level was higher than 4 ng/mL. PLCO trial staff obtained records related to diagnostic follow-up. Results: Compliance with both screening tests was high (more than 89%). At screening, 7.5% of men had a positive DRE (i.e., suspicious for cancer) and 7.9% had a PSA level higher than 4 ng/mL. Of the men with positive screening tests, 74.2% underwent additional diagnostic testing, and 31.5% underwent a prostatic biopsy within 1 year. Overall, 1.4% of the men in the screening arm were diagnosed with prostate cancer, the majority of whom had clinically localized cancer. These compliance, biopsy, and cancer detection rates appear to be representative of contemporary practice patterns. Conclusion: The PLCO trial is evaluating PSA- and DRE-based screening for prostate cancer in a clinically valid manner. Whether such screening will result in a reduction of prostate cancer mortality cannot be answered until the randomized comparison is completed.
Positive antinuclear antibodies in malignancies.
Authors: M Zuber
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1992)

Letters to the editor antigen was detected as long as three and 17 years after yersinia infection,7 suggesting that the microbial structures can persist in the tissues.The antigens are found in mesenteric and cervical lymph nodes and in the skin," and, during the acute phase of infection, in peripheral blood cells of almost every patient, including patients who will not develop reactive arthritis.'2Thus the presence of antigens in the blood provides an explanation for extensive antigen dissemination, but not for the development of reactive arthritis and other clinically significant extraintestinal manifestations.Possibly, extraintestinal symptoms derive from inflammatory hyperreactivity of the patient to the antigenic stimulus.It has been reported that neutrophils of HLA-B27 positive subjects without a history of yersinia infection and of patients with previous yersinia reactive arthritis show enhanced neutrophil migration in response to a chemotactic stimulus in vitro3 and in vivo,3 as do patients with ankylosing spondylitis, at least in vitro."'Furthermore, neutrophils from patients who have a history of severe actue yersinia triggered reactive arthritis,'5 or with sequelae,4 show increased generation of oxygen radicals in vitro.NAP-l/ IL-8 stimulates neutrophil chemotaxis and oxygen radical production5 and might thereby contribute to the neutrophil hyperactivity.In conclusion, the results show that both control and lipopolysaccharide induced NAP- 1/IL-8 production by monocytes was similar in subjects with past yersinia arthritis or enteritis and unaffected subjects, and did not differ between HLA-B27 positive and negative subjects.This seems to rule out an aberrant function ofmonocytes, at least for the synthesis and release of NAP-1/IL-8, one of their major products, in the triggering of reactive arthritis.
Cachexia in chronic kidney disease: a link to defective central nervous system control of appetite
Authors: W. E. Mitch
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2005)

Anorexia is one of several abnormalities characterizing chronic kidney disease (CKD) that cause cachexia, the loss of muscle and adipose stores. It has been attributed to mechanisms ranging from accumulation of toxic "middle molecules" to psychological problems. In this issue of the JCI, Cheung and coworkers used elegant techniques to demonstrate that CKD-associated anorexia is caused by defective hypothalamic regulation of appetite. They attributed the defect to an alteration in the hypothalamus's response to leptin and inflammation. Since similar hypothalamic defects suppress appetite in inflammatory states and in cancer, it is possible that anorexia in several cachexia-inducing conditions results from a common set of hypothalamic abnormalities. The development of small molecules capable of preventing these regulatory abnormalities holds the promise of eliminating the contribution of anorexia to the development of cachexia.
Food Intolerance to Honey
Authors: J. Bousquet, J. Campos, F.‐B. Michel
Journal: Allergy (1984)

A 42 year‐old beekeeper who had an inhalant allergy to Compositeae pollen presented an adverse reaction while eating a honey which contained large numbers of Compositeae pollens. As she was not intolerant to honey of own production, which contained no Compositeae pollen, the adverse reaction seems so be attributed to these pollens
Role of Mesodermal FGF8 and FGF10 Overlaps in the Development of the Arterial Pole of the Heart and Pharyngeal Arch Arteries
Authors: Yusuke Watanabe, Sachiko Miyagawa-Tomita, Stéphane D. Vincent, Robert G. Kelly, Anne M. Moon, Margaret E. Buckingham
Journal: Circulation Research (2009)

The genes encoding fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 8 and 10 are expressed in the anterior part of the second heart field that constitutes a population of cardiac progenitor cells contributing to the arterial pole of the heart. Previous studies of hypomorphic and conditional Fgf8 mutants show disrupted outflow tract (OFT) and right ventricle (RV) development, whereas Fgf10 mutants do not have detectable OFT defects.Our aim was to investigate functional overlap between Fgf8 and Fgf10 during formation of the arterial pole.We generated mesodermal Fgf8; Fgf10 compound mutants with MesP1Cre. The OFT/RV morphology in these mutants was affected with variable penetrance; however, the incidence of embryos with severely affected OFT/RV morphology was significantly increased in response to decreasing Fgf8 and Fgf10 gene dosage. Fgf8 expression in the pharyngeal arch ectoderm is important for development of the pharyngeal arch arteries and their derivatives. We now show that Fgf8 deletion in the mesoderm alone leads to pharyngeal arch artery phenotypes and that these vascular phenotypes are exacerbated by loss of Fgf10 function in the mesodermal core of the arches.These results show functional overlap of FGF8 and FGF10 signaling from second heart field mesoderm during development of the OFT/RV, and from pharyngeal arch mesoderm during pharyngeal arch artery formation, highlighting the sensitivity of these key aspects of cardiovascular development to FGF dosage.
Premenopausal status reflects an unfavorable prognosis in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: T. Osako, R. Nishimura, Y. Okumura, N. Arima
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

22208 Background: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) defined by estrogen receptor negative, progesterone receptor negative, and HER2 negative, represents the subset of breast cancer with aggressive biological behavior. We investigated the clinicopathological characteristics and evaluated prognostic factors in TNBC. Methods: From Jan. 1998 to June. 2007, patients diagnosed as primary breast cancer and underwent surgery in Kumamoto City Hospital were reviewed retrospectively. Clinicopathological items (menopausal status, tumor size, lymph node involvement, vascular invasion, histological grade, hormone receptor, HER2, p53, Ki67) were investigated. Disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) of TNBC were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed by Cox's proportional hazard model. Results: Of 1776 patients, 237 (13.4%) had TNBC. Compared with non-TNBC, TNBC patients had larger tumor (p<0.0001), higher rate of p53 overexpression (p<0.0001), higher values for Ki67 (p<0.0001), and higher histological grade (p<0.0001) significantly, however, nodal status was equivalent. Among TNBC patients, DFS was significantly correlated with tumor size (>2cm/<2cm, p=0.02), nodal involvement (±, p=0.0001), and menopausal status (post/pre, p=0.001), however, there was no difference between DFS and histological grade, p53 or Ki67. In patients with node negative TNBC, only menopausal status affected DFS. Meanwhile, tumor size as well as menopausal status influenced DFS in patients with node positive TNBC. Compared to postmenopausal TNBC patients, premenopausal TNBC had significantly higher values for Ki67 (p=0.002), however, there was no difference between menopausal status and p53, number of involved nodes, histological grade, or vascular invasion. OS after recurrence in TNBC significantly correlated with nodal status (±, p=0.008), recurrent sites (bone/soft tissue, p=0.012: viscera/soft tissue, p=0.0003) and disease free intervals (>2yrs/<2yrs, p=0.0056). Conclusions: We confirmed that conventional clinicopathological characteristics such as tumor size, nodal involvement, and menopausal status are significantly prognostic in TNBC. Premenopausal status might reflect an unfavorable prognosis in TNBC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization Analysis of PTCL-U Reveals a Distinct Subgroup with Genetic Alterations Similar to Lymphoma-Type Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma
Authors: Masao Nakagawa, Aya Nakagawa-Oshiro, Sivasundaram Karnan, Hiroyuki Tagawa, Atae Utsunomiya, Shigeo Nakamura, Ichiro Takeuchi, Koichi Ohshima, Masao Seto
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Purpose: Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, unspecified (PTCL-U) comprises histopathologically and clinically heterogeneous groups. The purpose of this study was to identify subgroups with distinct genetic, histopathologic, and prognostic features. Experimental Design: We used array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) for high-resolution analysis of 51 PTCL-U patients and the array data for examining possible correlations of histopathologic and clinical features. Moreover, we compared the genetic, histopathologic, and prognostic features of the PTCL-U cases with those of 59 cases of lymphoma-type adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). Results: We identified 32 regions with frequent genomic imbalance, 1 region with high copy number gain at 14q32.2, and 1 region with homozygous loss at 9p21.3. Gains of 7p and 7q and loss of 9p21.3 showed a significant association with poor prognosis. PTCL-U cases with genomic imbalance showed distinct histopathologic and prognostic features compared with such cases without alteration and a marked genetic, histopathologic, and prognostic resemblance to lymphoma-type ATLL. Conclusions: The array CGH enabled us to identify the frequently altered genomic regions with strong prognostic power among PTCL-U cases. A correlative analysis using the array CGH data disclosed a subgroup in PTCL-U with genomic alterations and with histopathologic and clinical relevance. In addition to histopathologic similarity, the strong genetic and prognostic resemblance between PTCL-U cases with genomic imbalance detected by array CGH and lymphoma-type ATLL seems to support the notion that the former may constitute a distinct PTCL-U subgroup.
Heat-shock protein 70 gene sequencing for Leishmania species typing in European tropical infectious disease clinics
Authors: G Van der Auwera, I Maes, S De Doncker, C Ravel, L Cnops, M Van Esbroeck, A Van Gompel, J Clerinx, J C Dujardin
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2013)

We describe Leishmania species determination on clinical samples on the basis of partial sequencing of the heat-shock protein 70 gene (hsp70), without the need for parasite isolation. The method is especially suited for use in non-endemic infectious disease clinics dealing with relatively few cases on an annual basis, for which no fast high throughput diagnostic tests are needed. We show that the results obtained from this gene are in nearly perfect agreement with those from multilocus enzyme electrophoresis, which is still considered by many clinicians and the World Health Organization (WHO) as the gold standard in Leishmania species typing. Currently, 203 sequences are available that cover the entire hsp70 gene region analysed here, originating from a total of 41 leishmaniasis endemic countries, and representing 15 species and sub-species causing human disease. We also provide a detailed laboratory protocol that includes a step-by-step procedure of the typing methodology, to facilitate implementation in diagnostic laboratories.
Comparisons of Characteristics and Outcomes Among Women and Men With Acute Myocardial Infarction Treated With Thrombolytic Therapy
Authors: W. Douglas Weaver, Harvey D. White, Robert G. Wilcox, Philip E. Aylward, Douglas Morris, Alan Guerci, E. Magnus Ohman, Gabriel I. Barbash, Amadeo Betriu, Zygmunt Sadowski, Eric J. Topol, Robert M. Califf
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Objective.  —To compare baseline characteristics, complications, and treatment-specific outcomes of women and men with acute myocardial infarction treated with thrombolytic therapy.  Design.  —Randomized controlled trial.  Patients and Setting.  —A total of 10315 women and 30706 men with acute myocardial infarction treated in 1081 hospitals in 15 countries as part of the Global Utilization of Streptokinase and Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Occluded Coronary Arteries (GUSTO-I).  Intervention.  —One of four thrombolytic regimens: (1) streptokinase with subcutaneous heparin; (2) streptokinase with intravenous heparin; (3) streptokinase plus alteplase (tissue-type plasminogen activator) with intravenous heparin; or (4) accelerated alteplase with intravenous heparin.  Main Outcome Measures.  —Mortality, stroke, and nonfatal complications during 30-day follow-up.  Results.  —Women were on average 7 years older than men and delayed 18 minutes (median) longer after symptom onset before presenting to the hospital. After adjustment for age, women more often had a history of diabetes, hypertension, and smoking than men. Time to treatment was significantly longer in women (1.2 vs 1.0 hours; P  P  P  P  P  P  P  P   Conclusion.  —Women who received thrombolytic therapy for treatment of acute myocardial infarction were at greater risk for both fatal and nonfatal complications than men.  ( JAMA . 1996;275:777-782)
Randomized phase II non-inferiority study (NO16853) of two different doses of capecitabine in combination with docetaxel for locally advanced/metastatic breast cancer
Authors: A.U. Buzdar, B. Xu, R. Digumarti, L. Goedhals, X. Hu, V. Semiglazov, S. Cheporov, E. Gotovkin, S. Hoersch, K. Rittweger, D.W. Miles, J. O’Shaughnessy, S. Tjulandin
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2011)