tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prospective assessment of cost, morbidity, and survival associated with lymphadenectomy in low-risk endometrial cancer.
Authors: Sean Christopher Dowdy, Bijan J Borah, Jamie Nadine Bakkum-Gamez, Amy Weaver, Michaela McGree, Lindsey R Haas, Jan Martin, Gary L. Keeney, Andrea Mariani, Karl C. Podratz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

5004 Background: Since 1999, patients with low-risk endometrial cancer (EC) as defined by the Mayo criteria have preferably not undergone lymphadenectomy (LND) at our institution. We assess survival, sites of recurrence, morbidity, and cost per up-staged case in this low-risk cohort. Methods: Consecutive patients with Mayo-defined low-risk EC managed without (non-LND) and with LND were compared. Cause-specific survival (CSS) was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. 30-day cost analyses were equated to 2010 Medicare dollars. Results: Among 1,393 consecutive surgically managed EC cases, 385 (27.6%) met the Mayo low-risk criteria, accounting for 34.1% of type I EC. The 5-year CSS of the low-risk cases was 98.6 %. There were 80 LND cases (median # nodes, 29) and 305 non-LND cases. Complications within 30 days occurred in 37.5% and 19.3% of LND and non-LND cases, respectively (P&lt;0.001). Nodal metastasis was identified in a single LND case (1.3%). There were 11 recurrences, 6 of which were vaginal. Not a single recurrence was detected in the pelvic or paraaortic nodal areas in these 385 patients, with a median follow-up of 5.4 years. The estimated prevalence (combining surgery and surveillance) of lymph node metastasis was 0.3%. The 5-year CSS in LND and non-LND cases was 97.3% and 99.0%, respectively (P=0.32). Patients were more than seven times as likely to die of co-morbidities than from EC. The 30-day median cost of care was $15,678 for LND cases compared to $11,028 for non-LND cases (P&lt;0.001). The estimated cost per up-staged low-risk case was $439,990 if performed via endoscopy and $327,866 via laparotomy. If the 305 non-LND cases had been subjected to LND, an estimated additional $1,418,189 would have been expended. Conclusions: For patients with low-risk EC as defined by the Mayo criteria, lymphadenectomy dramatically increases morbidity and 30-day cost of care without discernible short- or long-term benefits: CSS was 99% with a 0.3% rate of nodal metastasis. In these low-risk patients, hysterectomy with salpingo-oophorectomy alone is appropriate surgical management and should be standard of care.
Effects of Dietary Lipids on Lactogenic Hormone Receptor Binding in Rat Mammary Tumors&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN4"&gt;4&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: W T Cave, M J Erickson-Lucas
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

Both epidemiologic studies in humans and experiments in laboratory animals have indicated that high-fat (HF) diets promote mammary tumor growth; however, the biochemical mechanisms responsible for this accelerated tumor growth are poorly understood; thus this study was designed to determine whether diet-induced alterations in the lipid composition of mammary tumor cell membranes were associated with differences in lactogenic hormone binding capacity. Mammary tumors were induced with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea in 50-day-old female inbred Buffalo rats that were maintained on either HF or low-fat (LF) diets composed of either 20% corn oil or 0.5% corn oil, respectively. The microsome-membrane fractions of these tumors were then analyzed for specific lactogenic hormone binding with the use of 125-I-labeled human growth hormone. Methylated extracts of these same membrane fractions were also subjected to gas-liquid chromatography. Our results demonstrated that the mammary tumor membranes of the HF group did have a significantly greater lactogenic binding capacity than those of the LF group and that these differences in hormone binding were accompanied by significant alterations in the membrane qualitative fatty acid profiles of each group. Therefore, one way in which dietary lipids may be able to influence mammary tumor growth is by modification of the lactogenic hormone binding capacity of tumor cell membranes.
Phase I Study of Resminostat, an Oral Hdac Inhibitor, in Japanese Patients with Solid Tumors
Authors: Satoru Kitazono, Yutaka Fujiwara, Shinji Nakamichi, Hidenori Mizugaki, Hiroshi Nokihara, Noboru Yamamoto, Yasuhide Yamada, Tomohide Tamura
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
PU.1 Is Essential For MLL Leukemia Via Activation Of The Meis/HOX Pathway and A Monocytic Cytokine Mediated Anti-Apoptotic Inflammatory Program
Authors: Jing Zhou, Jun Wu, Bo Li, Dan Liu, Jian Yu, Xiaomei Yan, Si Zheng, Jiguang Wang, Lixia Zhang, Lin Zhang, Fuhong He, Qiang Li, Aili Chen, Yue Zhang, Xinghui Zhao, Yinghui Guan, Xiaohong Zhao, Jin Yan, Jun Ni, Marcelo Nobrega, Bob Löwenberg, Ruud Delwel, Peter J. Valk, Ashish Kumar, Xie Lu, Daniel G. Tenen, Gang Huang, Qian-fei Wang
Journal: Blood (2013)
Ultrasonographic Study of Carotid Artery Structural Changes With Natural Longevity
Authors: Yu-Ming Mu, Yukio Ozawa, Shi-Zhen Wang, Zu-Heng Cheng, Hiroshi Kawamura, Chun-Rong Yang, Satoshi Saito, Katsuo Kanmatsuse
Journal: Circulation (2000)

The changes in carotid artery structure during the natural longevity of the Uighurs people were compared with other ethnic groups. The 419 subjects were divided into (1) longevity and (2) older groups as follows: Uighurs longevity group in Hotan (ULH); and Uighurs, Hans and Kazaks older groups in Hotan or Balikun (UOH, HOH, HOB and KOB). The wall thickness of the common carotid artery (CCA) was measured by ultrasonography. Risk factors were evaluated by measuring total cholesterol (T-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG) and fasting glucose, and by 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Wall thickness and blood pressure were greater in the Balikun groups than in the Hotan groups. The CCA wall was thicker in Uighurs and Kazaks than in Hans, in the ULH than in the UOH. There was no significant difference in blood pressure among the Hotan groups. LDL-C and glucose were higher and HDL-C was lower in the Hotan groups than in the Balikun groups. T-C, LDL-C, TG and glucose were higher in the HOH than in the ULH and UOH. Systolic blood pressure and LDL-C were higher and TG was lower in the KOB than in the HOB. These results suggest that an increased CCA wall thickness can be attributed to age in Hotan, and to a higher blood pressure level in Balikun, and that the higher blood pressure affected the Balikun groups more than the Hotan groups.
Legal principles in the psychiatric assessment of personal injury litigants
Authors: B F Hoffman, H Spiegel
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1989)

The authors review the legal principles that a psychiatrist must understand in assessing the emotional and psychiatric sequelae of a personal injury leading to a litigation claim. The principles of the establishment of fault or liability, the assessment of pain and suffering, causal connection, the credibility of the plaintiff, the credibility of the expert witness, the determination of prognosis, the award of damages, and the adversarial system are discussed. An appreciation of these principles will enable psychiatrists to provide assessments that will be useful to the legal system in arriving at a fair and accurate determination of the compensation to which a victim is entitled.
A Zebrafish Genetic Screen Identifies Neuromedin U as a Regulator of Sleep/Wake States
Authors: Cindy N. Chiu, Jason Rihel, Daniel A. Lee, Chanpreet Singh, Eric A. Mosser, Shijia Chen, Viveca Sapin, Uyen Pham, Jae Engle, Brett J. Niles, Christin J. Montz, Sridhara Chakravarthy, Steven Zimmerman, Kourosh Salehi-Ashtiani, Marc Vidal, Alexander F. Schier, David A. Prober
Journal: Neuron (2016)
Frequency of Vaccine-Related and Therapeutic Injections—Romania, 1998
Journal: JAMA (1999)

This paper presents a summary of the survey conducted in Romania to estimate the frequency of therapeutic injections and to describe the attitudes and practices of adults in using injections to administer medications.  A cluster sample of 300 households in each of the four viral hepatitis sentinel surveillance districts in the country was surveyed totaling 1200 households.  Relevant data were collected through interviews with the 3676 survey participants.  Overall results indicate that a substantial proportion of adults preferred injected medication for treatment of conditions for which injections generally are not indicated. Since this proportion did not exceed 42% it is suggested that Romanians may not insist on injectable medications for common illnesses.  Because knowledge about and sufficient resources for proper infection-control practices for safe injections are limited in the country overuse of therapeutic injections increases opportunities for blood-borne pathogen transmission among patients.  Thus programs to improve injection safety should focus on reducing the number of therapeutic injections administered.
Application of quality indicators in breast cancer care using linked national registry and administrative claims data
Authors: A. Meguerditchian, A. Stewart, N. Watroba, J. Roistacher, M. Cropp, C. Ko, S. B. Edge
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

6565 Background: The National Quality Forum (NQF) recently approved quality measures for cancer care. These are intended for application through cancer registries. Variably complete cancer registry data on outpatient care may limit application of these measures. Administrative claims matched to registries may provide more complete data. This study tested the ability to match claims with the National Cancer Data Base (NCDB) registry and to apply NQF breast cancer measures in a limited pilot in one region. Methods: Claims data from one regional payer in Western New York (WNY) were matched with registry data from the 3 WNY hospitals participating in the NCDB for 2001–2003. NQF measures for hormone therapy (HT), radiation (RT) with breast conserving surgery (BCS) and chemotherapy (CT) were applied independently using registry and claims data. Results: 480 women with this payer had claims for breast cancer surgery at the NCDB hospitals and 439 (91%) matched NCDB based on birth date, date of treatment and reporting hospital. Among these, 17 had duplicate or incomplete records. Among 422 analytic cases the median age was 54 and stage was 0 –9%; I –49%; II –33%; III –7%; IV –2%. Claims identified CT, HT and RT in substantially more cases than identified by the registry ( Table 1 ). Claims also provided information not collected by registry including specific drugs used and duration of therapy. Conclusions: Matching NCDB with payer claims is possible based on limited identifiers, and quality measures can be applied using claims. Registry data in WNY NCDB hospitals did not capture some RT, HT and CT identified by claims. Though in aggregate the registries in WNY shows substantially lower treatment rates than national NCDB averages, this study demonstrates that claims enhance registry data. Linkage of claims with NCDB may be a robust tool to apply quality measures of cancer care. No significant financial relationships to disclose. [Table: see text]
Screening for Autism Spectrum Disorder in Young Children
Authors: Albert L. Siu, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, David C. Grossman, Linda Ciofu Baumann, Karina W. Davidson, Mark Ebell, Francisco A. R. García, Matthew Gillman, Jessica Herzstein, Alex R. Kemper, Alex H. Krist, Ann E. Kurth, Douglas K. Owens, William R. Phillips, Maureen G. Phipps, Michael P. Pignone
Journal: JAMA (2016)

New US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation on screening for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in young children. The USPSTF reviewed the evidence on the accuracy, benefits, and potential harms of brief, formal screening instruments for ASD administered during routine primary care visits and the benefits and potential harms of early behavioral treatment for young children identified with ASD through screening. This recommendation applies to children aged 18 to 30 months who have not been diagnosed with ASD or developmental delay and for whom no concerns of ASD have been raised by parents, other caregivers, or health care professionals. The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for ASD in young children for whom no concerns of ASD have been raised by their parents or a clinician. (I statement).
Acoustic respiratory monitoring (ARM) as an adjunct to polysomnography (PSG) in a sleep laboratory
Authors: Jeremy M. Goldin, Phillip Dionysopoulos, Naman Kohli, Louis Irving, Simon Godfrey, Noam Gavriely
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  PSG helps elucidate the nature of sleep disturbance and daytime somnolence (SD-DS) but does not include the objective measurement of wheeze (Wz) or cough (C). Nocturnal Wz and C are important features of asthma and other lung diseases and have been shown to disturb sleep. Awareness of nocturnal Wz is low and often unreliable. We hypothesized that a proportion of patients referred to a sleep laboratory because of SD-DS might be suffering from nocturnal Wz or C.   Methods:  69 unselected subjects (20 – 73 yo) referred to a sleep laboratory for PSG complaining of SD-DS participated. No attempt was made to select patients with asthma or chronic cough. PSG by standard methods and ARM (Pulmotrack, KarmelSonix, Haifa, Israel) were adequate for all but 3 patients (5%). The analysis was done minute by minute throughout the record where WheezeRATE (Wz%) defined as% of duty cycle occupied by Wz and CoughCOUNT (CC) were measured. The present study concerns the detection of nocturnal Wz and C by ARM without reference to the PSG data.   Results:  The duration of the overnight ARM in the 66 subjects was 65 - 478 min (median 439 min). Wz-minutes, defined as the number of minutes with a Wz% >5% and C-minutes, the number of minutes with CC=>1 were determined. In 16/66 (24%) of patients Wz-minutes occupied more than 3% of the recording and in 7/66 (10.6%) C-minutes occupied more than 2% of the recording with overlap in 3 patients who had both Wz and C.   Conclusion:  With 20/66 (30%) of unselected patients referred to an adult sleep laboratory for SD-DS having nocturnal wheeze and/or cough, adding ARM to routine PSG should be considered.
Triggering<i>Akkermansia</i>with dietary polyphenols: A new weapon to combat the metabolic syndrome?
Authors: Fernando F. Anhê, Geneviève Pilon, Denis Roy, Yves Desjardins, Emile Levy, André Marette
Journal: Gut Microbes (2016)

The gut and its bacterial colonizers are now well characterized as key players in whole-body metabolism, opening new avenues of research and generating great expectation for new treatments against obesity and its cardiometabolic complications. As diet is the main environmental factor affecting the gut microbiota, it has been suggested that fruits and vegetables, whose consumption is strongly associated with a healthy lifestyle, may carry phytochemicals that could help maintain intestinal homeostasis and metabolic health. We recently demonstrated that oral administration of a cranberry extract rich in polyphenols prevented diet-induced obesity and several detrimental features of the metabolic syndrome in association with a remarkable increase in the abundance of the mucin-degrading bacterium Akkermansia in the gut microbiota of mice. This addendum provides an extended discussion in light of recent discoveries suggesting a mechanistic link between polyphenols and Akkermansia, also contemplating how this unique microorganism may be exploited to fight the metabolic syndrome.
Greater Effectiveness of Hepatocyte and Liver S9 Preparations From Hamsters Than Rat Preparations in Activating N-Nitroso Compounds to Metabolites Mutagenic to <italic>Salmonella</italic><xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref><xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3">3</xref>
Authors: R Raineri, J A Poiley, A W Andrews, R J Pienta, W Lijinsky
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

A comparison was made of the ability of liver S9 and hepatocyte preparations from noninbred Syrian golden hamsters and noninbred Sprague-Dawley rats to metabolically activate a number of nitroso compounds in the Salmonella mutagenesis assay. The liver S9 and hepatocyte preparations from hamsters were consistently more effective than were preparations from rats in metabolizing nitrosodimethylamine (NDM), nitrosodiethylamine, nitrosodiallylamine, nitrosopyrrolidine (NP), nitrosomorpholine (NM), nitrosodiethylmethylurea (NDEMU), and nitrosodimethylethylurea (NDMEU) to mutagenic forms. The use of hamster S9 preparations with NP and NM resulted in up to 14 times the number of revertant colonies obtained with rat preparations; in the presence of hamster hepatocytes, up to 32 times the number of revertants were obtained. The S9 preparations from male hamsters not treated with the enzyme inducers phenobarbital and Aroclor 1254 were more effective than were those from female hamsters for activating NP, NM, and NDM. NDEMU and NDMEU, which have been reported to be carcinogens but not mutagens, were mutagenic in the presence of induced liver S9 or hepatocyte preparations from hamsters but not from rats. When tested with any of the S9 or hepatocyte preparations, nitrosodiphenylamine and nitrosomethylaniline, also reported to be carcinogens but not mutagens, gave no mutagenic responses. Nitrosodioctylamine, which has been reported to be noncarcinogenic, was also not mutagenic.
Does complete response (CR) with systemic therapy (SRx) translate into long term survival in stage IV melanoma (MM)?
Authors: A. Y. Bedikian, N. E. Papadopoulos, K. B. Kim, W. Hwu, J. Homsi, M. Davies, S. McIntyre, M. Rohlfs, P. Hwu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

9043 Background: The impact of SRx on survival of patients (pts) with MM remains uncertain. We wanted to describe the pts with stage IV MM who had CRs, their Rx and its impact on survival. Methods: The 567 chemo-naive pts with stage IV non-choroidal MM, excluding surgical CRs, were selected from 647 pts treated in 9 trials. Results: The median age was 48 years and 366 were males. ECOG P.S., was 0/1/2/3 in 274/213/58/22 and their stage was M1a/M1b/M1c in 76/99/392 pts respectively. Their # of involved visceral sites was 0/1/2/≥3 in 96/217/156/98 respectively. 196pts had Liver metastasis. The %CRs by Rx were 3.23/8.43/13.08 for CVD/C-paclitaxel-D (CRx, #217)/CVD-IFN ± tamoxifen (CIRx, #83)/CVD-IFN+IL-2 (BCRx, #267) respectively. The median survival by response (CR/no-CR) was 78/10.5 mos. for BCRx and 46.4/8.1 for non-BCRx respectively. The survival of BCRx pts was superior at 5 years (7.78% vs. 2%, p = 0.0018) and 10 years (5.99% vs. 0.33%, p = 0.00001) compared to non-BCRx pts. The overall, BCRx and non-BCRx (CRx + CIRx) results were as follows (see table). Conclusions: CR does translate into long-term survival and IL-2 based Rx gives CRs more often than other therapies. %CR: BCRx Non-BCRx “P” value All pts 13.08 4.67 P < 0.0001 Males 17.14 4.71 P < 0.0001 ECOG P.S. = 0 17.88 4.88 P = 0.001 Skin/Mucosal 12.16 4.33 P < 0.002 Stage M1a/M1b 23.66 7.32 P = 0.0033 <2 Met. Visc. Sites 17.61 4.55 P = 0.0002 NL LDH 17.36 5.75 P < 0.001 No liver met 15.73 5.18 P < 0.001 No significant financial relationships to disclose.
FcGR2A genotype and change in gene expression of effecter cells in peripheral blood after administration of trastuzumab (T).
Authors: Chikako Shimizu, Kaoru Mogushi, Fumiaki Koizumi, Kenji Tamura, Mayu Yunokawa, Yasuhiro Fujiwara, Hiroshi Tanaka
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

e11065 Background: We have previously reported that FcGR2A polymorphisms were associated with clinical outcome of trastuzumab (T) in both neoadjuvant and metastatic settings in patients (pts) with HER2-positive breast cancer (Tamura et al, Ann Oncol 2011). We explored if antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) can be observed as a change in gene expression of PBMC (effecter cells of ADCC) in patients receiving T according to FcGR2A phenotypes. Methods: FcGR2A genotypes in 34 patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer were determined in the previously reported prospective study (Tamura et al, Ann Oncol 2011). All pts received single agent T (Starting dose 4mg/kg, maintenance dose 2mg/kg) as the first-line treatment for metastatic breast cancer. PBMC was purified from peripheral blood collected before T, at 1 wk and 8 wk of weekly T. Total RNA was extracted from PBMC and gene expressions were measured using Affimetrix GeneChip Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 array. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) ( www.broadinstitute.org/gsea ) using KEGG pathway DB was carried out to explore differentially expressed gene sets (GSs) after 1wk and 8 wk administration of T compared to baseline. GSs with significance level of p&lt;0.05 and FDA&lt;0.25 were considered statistically significant. Results: There were 15 and 19 patients with FcG2A- 131 HH and HR/RR genotypes, respectively. There were no significant GSs differentially expressed at 1 wk compared to baseline in both HH and HR/RR cohorts. 11 GSs were differentially expressed at 8 wk in HH cohort, whereas there were no significant GSs differentially expressed at 8wk in HR/RR cohort. The upregulated GSs at 8 wk in HH cohort included KEGG_NATURAL_KILLER_CELL_MEDIATED_CYTOTOXICIY and KEGG_ANTIGEN_PROCESSING_AND_PRESENTATION. Conclusions: Differential pharmacogenomic response of PBMC to T according to FcG2A genotype supports the hypothesis that ADCC is associated with the mechanism of action of T.