tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hypothermia for Intracranial Hypertension after Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Peter J.D. Andrews, H. Louise Sinclair, Aryelly Rodriguez, Bridget A. Harris, Claire G. Battison, Jonathan K.J. Rhodes, Gordon D. Murray
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

In patients with traumatic brain injury, hypothermia can reduce intracranial hypertension. The benefit of hypothermia on functional outcome is unclear.We randomly assigned adults with an intracranial pressure of more than 20 mm Hg despite stage 1 treatments (including mechanical ventilation and sedation management) to standard care (control group) or hypothermia (32 to 35°C) plus standard care. In the control group, stage 2 treatments (e.g., osmotherapy) were added as needed to control intracranial pressure. In the hypothermia group, stage 2 treatments were added only if hypothermia failed to control intracranial pressure. In both groups, stage 3 treatments (barbiturates and decompressive craniectomy) were used if all stage 2 treatments failed to control intracranial pressure. The primary outcome was the score on the Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS-E; range, 1 to 8, with lower scores indicating a worse functional outcome) at 6 months. The treatment effect was estimated with ordinal logistic regression adjusted for prespecified prognostic factors and expressed as a common odds ratio (with an odds ratio <1.0 favoring hypothermia).We enrolled 387 patients at 47 centers in 18 countries from November 2009 through October 2014, at which time recruitment was suspended owing to safety concerns. Stage 3 treatments were required to control intracranial pressure in 54% of the patients in the control group and in 44% of the patients in the hypothermia group. The adjusted common odds ratio for the GOS-E score was 1.53 (95% confidence interval, 1.02 to 2.30; P=0.04), indicating a worse outcome in the hypothermia group than in the control group. A favorable outcome (GOS-E score of 5 to 8, indicating moderate disability or good recovery) occurred in 26% of the patients in the hypothermia group and in 37% of the patients in the control group (P=0.03).In patients with an intracranial pressure of more than 20 mm Hg after traumatic brain injury, therapeutic hypothermia plus standard care to reduce intracranial pressure did not result in outcomes better than those with standard care alone. (Funded by the National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment program; Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN34555414.).
The correlation among tissue, serum adiponectin levels and histopathological variables in gastric cancer patients
Authors: A. Bilici, D. O. Guler, M. Seker, B. O. Ustaalioglu, B. Sonmez, M. Karaduman, M. Oncel, M. Gumus, T. Salepci, M. Yaylaci
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e22199 Background: Adiponectin is a new peptide hormone secreted from the adipose tissue, affecting the proliferation and insulin sensitivity in different cell types.The previous studies showed that the serum levels of adiponectin are decreased in patients with endometrial and breast cancer.In our study, demographic features and histopathological variables and the relationship among adiponectin levels of serum and gastric tissue were analyzed in gastric cancer patients. Methods: Thirty-five consecutive patients with gastric cancer included in this study.The serum levels of glucose, insulin, c-peptide, HbA1c, lipids and adiponectin were measured in patients.In addition, normal and tumor tissue levels of adiponectin were also detected.We analyzed the correlation among these parameters and patients demographic features, such as age, gender, body mass index (BMI) and histopathological variables. Results: Patients characteristics included 24 males (68.5%), 11 females (31.5%); median age was 64 (range:41–85). The mean serum, normal and tumor tissue levels of adiponectin were 49.4±0.8, 48.2±4.2, 48.6±2.9 ng/ml, respectively. There was no relationship among serum, normal and tumor tissue adiponectin levels (p&gt;0.05).There was inverse correlation between the normal tissue levels of adiponectin and insulin (p=0.002).The serum adiponectin levels were significantly associated with tumor localization (p=0.03).However, there was inverse correlation between serum adiponectin levels and perineural invasion (p=0.02).In subgroup analysis, the serum, normal and tumor tissue levels of adiponectin in woman were not different compared with those in male patients (p&gt;0.05).No relations were detected among tumor stage, grade, nodal status, lymphatic and vascular invasion, the other insulin-resistant status parameters and the levels of serum, normal and tumor tissue adiponectin (p&gt;0.05). Conclusions: Our results suggest that no correlations among the levels of serum adiponectin,normal tissue and tumor tissue adiponectin levels,patients demographic features and histopathological variables except for the association of serum adiponectin with tumor localization and perineural invasion detected in gastric cancer patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Modulation of nuclear factor-kb (NF-kb), IkB kinase (IKK) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) via proinflammatory cytokines with adjuvant selenomethionine (Se-Met) in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) patients with imatinib mesylate (IM) overexpression of bcr-abl fusion protein.
Authors: E. McPherson, K. Patel, P. Tassy, J. Kleinfeld
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

6624 Background: The glutathione peroxidase GPx is a selenium-dependent enzyme which prevents peroxide induced DNA damage.In CML-cp patients the tumor suppressor P53 is activated by IM in bcr-abl expressing cells. Point mutations in the kinase domain of bcr-abl may produce resistance to IM and promote oncogenesis.The expression of bcr-abl fusion protein kindled by tyrosine kinase constitutively activates the transcription factor NF-kb via IKK. Methods: CML-cp,CML-bc cases were presented with evidence of overexpression of bcr-abl fusion protein, negative P53 gene mutation in an elderly 90 year old female with CML-cp. Elevated levels of SIL-2R, CRP, neopterin and bcr-abl ratio of 0.109%, proinflammatory cytokines and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Results: After six years of CCgR with IM, selenium level became subtherapeutic with concommittant clinical hypothyroidism which correct with Se-Met and IM. Conclusions: Modulation of IkB, regulator of NFkb with selenomethionine adjuvant therapy to IM may quench the oncogenesis of point mutation and loss of P53gene mutation by inducing cell death in IM/dasatinib resistant bcr-abl fusion protein and restoration of tyrosine kinase inhibition.
Counseling and care: A Breast Cancer Awareness Training to improve participation and adherence to screening recommendations in women with a family history of breast cancer
Authors: A. Artmann, N. Gottschalk, V. R. Jacobs, A. Meindl, M. Kiechle, E. J. Rummeny, N. Harbeck
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

1530 Background: BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers are at an increased lifetime risk to develop breast and ovarian cancer. In a substantial number of families with affected members the known susceptibility genes cannot be identified. According to the recommendations of the German Consortium for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, women with a hereditary predisposition for breast cancer should participate at an intensified surveillance program (ISP) including genetic counseling, risk estimation, BSE, CBE, BreastUS, MX, and MRI. Nonadherence might be influenced by cancer worryness, anxiety, health beliefs, and a lack of information about screening benefits.The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the impact of an indivualized Breast Cancer Awareness Training to improve the participation and adherence towards an ISP. Methods: Since 2005, an at-risk sample of 46 non-participating women (mean age 29 y; range 19–43 y) got an intensive breast cancer awareness training, including structured BSE, specific information about regular follow-up, screening advice, and radiological diagnostic procedures. To establish invidualized counseling and training particular needs (e.g., reasons for non-adherence, health beliefs and behaviours), risk perception, anxiety, and sociodemographic factors were evaluated by interviews and self-report questionnaires. The control group consisted of 38 participants of the ISP. Results: Breast cancer worry, anxiety, and lack of information about the benefits of screening programs were the main reasons for non-adherence. Within 3 months after the base counseling participation rates in MX (&gt;30J), BUS, MRI, and CBE reached 98%. The numbers remain consistent in a 2-year follow up. 80% of participants practice BSE monthly, and 46% reported changes in lifestyle regarding nutrition, obesity, and health beliefs. Conclusions: Our approach emphasizes importance of self confidence and awareness for participation at the ISP for women at high breast cancer risk. Individualized counseling, BSE, re-evaluation, and reinforcement sessions are correlated with changes in health beliefs and behaviours for enhancing participation and adherence in women with a family history of breast cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Body mass index (BMI) and physical activity in long-term lymphoma survivors: A pilot study
Authors: C. A. Thompson, J. R. Cerhan, B. R. Laplant, M. J. Maurer, M. M. Clark, J. A. Sloan, T. A. Rummans, R. J. Thomas, T. M. Habermann
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

17511 Background: There is no published data regarding BMI changes in survivors of adult lymphoma. Methods: In October of 2004, we mailed a 23-page survey to 95 randomly selected patients from a population of 2,485 of patients from the Mayo Tumor Registry who had survived lymphoma from 5 to 20 years. 56 completed the survey for a 68% participation rate. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated using clinical height and weight in the medical record at the time of diagnosis and self-reported weight in the survey response. Physical activity was self-reported. Based on their pattern of response, patients were categorized into a stage of change of current exercise (precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, or maintenance). Mood disturbance (depression, anxiety, and distress) and quality of life (QOL) were self-reported using the CES-D, POMS, STAI, FACT-G, and LASA questionnaires. Scores were transformed to a scale of 0–100 (higher score meaning higher functioning) to allow comparisons with a difference of 10 points considered significant. Results: The median age at completion of the questionnaire was 62 years (range: 25–85). The median time since diagnosis was 11 years (range: 6–20). Regular fitness, defined as a stage of change for exercise of action or maintenance, was reported by 48% of the respondents. The median BMI at diagnosis was 25.6 and the median at time of questionnaire was 27.0, which is a statistically significant change. Change in BMI, BMI at diagnosis, and BMI at time of questionnaire had no correlation with level of physical activity. Obese patients had a mean score of 72 points on the LASA, which was significantly lower than normal and underweight patients (mean 86) and overweight patients (mean 84). Conclusions: A small, but significant increase in body mass index was noted in long-term lymphoma survivors from the time of diagnosis to long-term follow-up. Patients who were obese at time of diagnosis may have lower quality of life down-the-road, as measured by the LASA years following treatment. This data represents the first information about body mass index in survivors of adult lymphoma. Further larger studies are needed to confirm these preliminary data and to evaluate other aspects of health behavior in long-term survivors of lymphoma. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A synergistic interaction between lapatinib and topoisomerase I inhibitors in cisplatin sensitive and resistant cancer cell lines
Authors: J. Perry, E. Nsubuga, S. Joel, J. Shamash, I. El-Hariry, T. Powles
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

14618 Background: Lapatinib is a HER1 and 2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). Little is know about its interaction with other chemotherpy drugs. In this work investigate interactions between lapatinib and cisplatin or SN-38 (the active metabolite of irinotecan) in cisplatin sensitive (testis cancer) and resistant cancer cell lines. Methods: We obtained 3 cancer cells lines (833K, GCT27, SUSA) all of which had cisplatin resistant daughter lines (833Kr, GCT27r, SUSAr). These resistant lines were established by exposing the sensitive lines to increasing doses of cisplatin. Western Blot analysis was used to estimate HER 1–4 levels and expression of proteins in the PI3K and MAPK pathways. The IC 50s for lapatinib, cisplatin and SN-38 were calculated in these cell lines. These drugs were then given in combination, and the effect was estimated using calcusin plots. Flow cytomery was used to estimate the effect on the cell cycle and apoptosis. Identical experiments were carried out with Pazopanib, instead of lapatinib, which was used as a control. Results: The IC50 for lapatinib in the resistant and sensitive cell lines were similar (4.0–5.0 micromolar and 3.6–4.4 micromolar respectively). Sensitivity was not related to HER 1–4 expression. Synergistic interactions were observed between SN-38 and lapatinib in all 6 cell lines (calculated combination indices <0.7 in all lines). No synergistic interaction was seen between cisplatin and lapatinib. Cell cycle data revealed the synergistic combination was associated with an increase in apoptosis and reduces cell cycle arrest. Pazopanib was not associated with a synergistic interaction in any of the cell lines with either cisplatin or SN-38. Conclusions: Lapatinib appears equally efficacous in both cisplatin sensitive and resistant cell lines. A synergistic interaction occurs between lapatinib and SN-38 in this model which is associated with increased apoptosis. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration GlaxoSmithKline
A phase II trial of olanzapine and palonosetron for the prevention of chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting (CINV)
Authors: R. M. Navari, L. H. Einhorn, P. J. Loehrer, S. D. Passik, J. Vinson, J. McClean, N. Chowhan, N. Hanna, C. Calley, M. Yu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

8608 Background: Olanzapine has been shown to be a safe and effective agent for the prevention of CINV in chemotherapy naïve cancer patients. Palonosetron has been approved for the prevention of acute CINV and for the prevention of delayed CINV in patients receiving moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC). Methods: A phase II trial was performed for the prevention of CINV in chemotherapy naïve patients using the combination of olanzapine and palonosetron. The regimen was 10 mg of oral olanzapine, 0.25 mg of intravenous palonosetron, and dexamethasone (20 mg for highly emetogenic and 8 mg for moderately emetogenic chemotherapy) on the day of chemotherapy, day 1, and 10 mg/day of oral olanzapine alone on days 2–4 after chemotherapy. Forty patients (median age 60 yrs, range 38–84; 22 females; ECOG PS 0,1) consented to the protocol and all were evaluable. Results: The percentage of patients with a complete response (CR) (no emesis, no rescue) was 100% for the acute period (24 h post chemotherapy), 75% for the delayed period (days 2–5 post chemotherapy), and 75% for the overall period (0–120 h) for eight patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC) (cisplatin &gt; 70 mg/m 2 ). CR was 97% for the acute period, 75% for the delayed period, and 72% for the overall period in 32 patients receiving MEC (doxorubicin, &gt;50mg/m 2 ). In the patients receiving HEC, the percentage of patients without nausea (0, scale 0–10, M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory) was 100% in the acute period, 50% in the delayed period, and 50% in the overall period. In patients receiving MEC, the percentage without nausea was 100% in the acute period, 78% in the delayed period, and 78% in the overall period. There were no Grade 3 or 4 toxicities and no significant pain, fatigue, disturbed sleep, memory changes, dyspnea, lack of appetite, drowsiness, dry mouth, mood changes or restlessness experienced by the patients. CR and control of nausea in subsequent cycles of chemotherapy (35 patients, cycle 2; 31 patients cycle 3; 23 patients, cycle 4) were equal to or greater than cycle one. Conclusions: The combination of olanzapine and palonosetron with dexamethasone given only on the day of chemotherapy was safe and highly effective in controlling acute and delayed CINV in patients receiving HEC and MEC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Phase II single institution study of sequential biochemotherapy (BCT) for patients (pts) with stage IV melanoma (M)
Authors: P. R. Bojanapally, D. T. Alexandrescu, V. Rusciano, P. H. Wiernik, J. P. Dutcher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

8580 Background: The utility of BCT for M remains controversial. A prospective phase II study was conducted to assess the clinical benefit of BCT in patients with stage IV M. Methods: Between March 2005 and March 2006 11 pts (6 Male and 5 Female with a median age of 54 (range 36 - 82)) with metastatic M were treated with paclitaxel 225 mg/m 2 via continuous 24 hour IV infusion every 3 wks for 4 cycles or maximum benefit followed by HD IL2, 1.33 mg/m 2 every 8 hours for 5 days of wk1 and wk3 based on pts tolerance to a maximum of 12 doses per wk. 2 Male pts received IL2 followed by paclitaxel. Pts had a ECOG performance status of 0 - 2, with a median time of 60 months since diagnosis of disease (range 7 to 240 months). 11 pts (92%) had multiple metastatic sites (50% had lung mets, 58% had liver mets) and 4 pts (33%) had prior chemotherapy or immunotherapy. Results: Of the 13 assessable pts one achieved a PR after paclitaxel and CR after IL2 continuing at 20+ months. One had SD for 1 year after receiving HD IL2 and SD for 6 months while on paclitaxel independently, One had PR for 6 months on paclitaxel and one had MR with paclitaxel for 3 months. 9 pts (69%) had PD on paclitaxel and again on IL2, with a median survival from treatment of 7 months, 2 of these got no IL2 due to rapid PD. An overall response rate of 30% (1 CR on paclitaxel + IL2 , 1 PR on paclitaxel, 2 SD (including MR) on paclitaxel) was seen with a median survival from treatment of 15 months. Conclusions: In this study there may be prolonged survival among responders, which may be due to synergy of sequential BCT, or may reflect single agent activity of each drug. BCT should still be considered as an experimental therapy and further evaluated. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Increased adrenal weight in victims of violent suicide
Authors: K Dorovini-Zis, A P Zis
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1987)

Adrenal weight was significantly higher in 16 victims of violent suicide than in 10 subjects who died suddenly from other causes. Since approximately half of suicide victims are depressed, these results support an association between depression and hypertrophy of the adrenal cortex.
One course of adjuvant PEB chemotherapy versus retroperitoneal lymph node dissection in patients with stage I non-seminomatous germ-cell tumors (NSGCT): Results of the German Prospective Multicenter Trial (Association of Urological Oncology [AUO]/German Testicular Cancer Study Group [GTCSG] Trial 01–94)
Authors: P. Albers, R. Siener, S. Krege, H. Schmelz, K. Dieckmann, A. Heidenreich, P. Kwasny, M. Pechoel, J. Lehmann, R. Fimmers, M. Hartmann
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

4512 Background: The incidence of relapse was analyzed in patients with clinical stage I (CS I) NSGCT after either retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) or one course of adjuvant cisplatin, etoposide, and bleomycin (PEB) chemotherapy. Methods: Between September 1996 and February 2005, 382 patients with stage I NSGCT were included in the German Prospective Multicenter Trial. After orchiectomy, patients were randomized to either RPLND (191 patients) or one cycle of cisplatin 20 mg/sqm d1–5, etoposide 100 mg/sqm d1–5, and bleomycin 30 mg d1, 8, 15 (PEB, 191 patients). Pathological stage II after RPLND (18% of CS I) was followed by adjuvant chemotherapy (2 × PEB). The primary endpoint was relapse rate. The trial was powered to show an advantage for chemotherapy (planned sample size 360 patients, alpha 5%, power 80%) after a median follow-up of 3 years. Results: Thirty-six patients were excluded due to violation of the inclusion criteria. Of the remaining 346 eligible cases, 172 patients were treated by RPLND and 174 patients received one course of PEB. Median time of follow-up was 47 months, with 323 patients (93%) followed-up for at least 1 year. Of the evaluable patients 331 (96%) have remained disease-free. Thirteen (8%) patients experienced relapse after RPLND and 2 (1%) after one course of adjuvant PEB (p = 0.0028). All patients with relapse have been successfully treated. Five patients developed pulmonary metastases, 3 patients relapsed with retroperitoneal metastases, 3 patients showed marker elevations, and 2 patients had an inguino-scrotal relapse after RPLND. The patients with one cycle of PEB relapsed with a tumor marker elevation and a mature teratoma retroperitoneal metastases, respectively. Conclusions: This randomized trial revealed only two relapses among 174 patients treated with one course of PEB. The low risk of recurrence supports one course of PEB over RPLND for the treatment of patients with clinical stage I NSGCT. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Comparison and analysis among expression of CRP and tumor markers in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients
Authors: W. Dong, X. Ren, P. Liu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

17126 Background: To investigate the correlation of C-reactive protein (CRP) and tumor markers such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CA125, cytokeratin 19 antibody (Cyfra 21–1) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Methods: CRP, CEA, CA125, Cyfra 21–1 were measured in the serum of 79 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (stage III and IV ) by independent samples t test. Results: It showed statistically significant difference (P &lt; 0.05) in the level of CRP, CEA, CA125, Cyfra211 between lung cancer patients (25.21 ± 19.12 mg/L, 62.89 ± 53.96 ng/L, 46.36 ± 30.03 U/L, 6.85 ± 2.42 ng/L, respectively) and the control subjects. CRP, CA125 showed no significant difference between squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma (P = 0.832, 0.406, respectively). CEA was higher in adenocarcinoma than in squamous carcinoma (P = 0.002). Cyfra211 was lower in adenocarcinoma than in squamous carcinoma (P = 0.039). The increase of CRP was accompanied with the increase of CEA, CA125 and Cyfra211 (p &lt; 0.05). At the same time, CRP elevated while CEA, CA125, Cyfra211 increased (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: All of CRP, CEA, CA125 and Cyfra211 increased in advanced non-small lung cancer. Combined monitoring on CRP with CEA, CA125, Cyfra211 may be a complementary method in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
P0174 : Soluble CD163 (SCD163) is a marker of infection in patients with cirrhosis and acute decompensation and an independent predictor of the short-term mortality
Authors: T. Tornai, D. Tornai, N. Sipeki, I. Foldi, T. Dinya, Z. Vitalis, P. Antal-Szalmas, I. Tornai, M. Papp
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)