tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
News
Authors: J Roberts
Journal: BMJ (1992)

Researchers at the US National Institutes of Health reversed their previous dismissal of the efficacy of low dose interferon alpha (Kemron) developed in Kenya against AIDS under pressure for AIDS activists and black doctors stating that at least a clinical trial should be conducted. The National Medical Association stand was similar, although it did not approve Kemron. Interferon had been discovered by a veterinary microbiologist in Texas 20 years previously, and its anticancer use was promising as it proved effective against feline leukemia in 1989. In 1989 it was administered to 204 AIDS patients in Kenya whose functional assessment increased by 66% after 10 weeks of treatment, and 18 became HIV negative. 12 other studies since then have been unable to confirm these findings, especially claims relating to seroconversion and increased CD4 cell counts. Oral interferon alpha has not been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), but it is sold on the black market. As an FDA-approved anticancer injection drug (including against Kaposi's sarcoma often afflicting AIDS patients) its dose is 10,000 times higher than the oral dose.
Multivalent hyaluronic acid bioconjugates improve sFlt-1 activity in vitro
Authors: Eda I. Altiok, Jorge L. Santiago-Ortiz, Felicia L. Svedlund, Aline Zbinden, Amit K. Jha, Deepika Bhatnagar, Peter Loskill, Wesley M. Jackson, David V. Schaffer, Kevin E. Healy
Journal: Biomaterials (2016)
Durable tumor remission in patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer receiving nivolumab.
Authors: Junzo Hamanishi, Masaki Mandai, Takafumi Ikeda, Manabu Minami, Atsushi Kawaguchi, Noriomi Matsumura, Kaoru Abiko, Tsukasa Baba, Ken Yamaguchi, Akihiko Ueda, Yuko Hosoe, Satoshi Morita, Akira Shimizu, Tasuku Honjo, Ikuo Konishi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

5570 Background: Programmed death-1 (PD-1) is a co-inhibitory receptor expressed on activated T cells which regulates antitumor immunity. Nivolumab is a fully-humanized IgG4 that blocks the engagement of PD-1 by PD-1 ligands. We previously showed nivolumab can mediate tumor regression in a substantial proportion of patients with ovarian cancer in phase II trial (ASCO 2014, UMIN000005714), but the potential of durable anti-tumor response by nivolumab for these patients was unknown. Methods: Patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer (n=20) enrolled from 2011 to 2014 were treated with nivolumab (1mg/kg, n=10; 3mg/kg, n=10, each) intravenously every two weeks up to one year were followed how long anti-tumor response continued. Results: Among 20 patients in whom response could be evaluated, we followed two patients with complete response in 3mg/kg cohort and one patient with partial response of 1mg/kg cohort. At the time of data cut off, a partial responder had responses for 5 months, and two complete responders survived without disease progression for 17 and 14 months, each. The duration of response of these patients after treatment discontinuation was 6months and 3months, each. Conclusions: Anti-tumor responses were durable and continued after niolumab-treatment discontinuation. Now we explore the biomarker of these responders and next phase of clinical trials will further assess the significance of nivolumab on survival in patients with ovarian cancer. Clinical trial information: UMIN000005714.
Radiation With or Without Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Localized Prostate Cancer
Authors: Justin C. Voog, Matthew R. Smith, Jason A. Efstathiou
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cancer Induction by Polyurethan and Polysilicone Plastics
Authors: W. C. Hueper
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1964)

Since definite experimental evidence was obtained regarding a carcinogenic effect of parenterally implanted, fully cured and vulcanized Silastic, distinct caution should be employed in the use of this plastic in human prostheses, i.e., its use should be restricted to the management of those diseases which justify possible cancer risks. Polyurethans of different chemical composition possess properties that are carcinogenic to rats when implanted as foams and rigid plastics. The chemical nature of carcinogenesis induced by polyurethans is indicated by deterioration of these plastics when implanted into rats (the foams faster than the rigid ones) and the fact that they are capable of inducing carcinomas (intestinal mucosa, liver, peritoneum) and sarcomas (connective tissue of skin, wall of colon, and stomach). They are thus pluripotential like other chemical carcinogens. The apparent formation of peritoneal mesotheliomas resulting from the implantation of polyurethan foams has its human counterpart in the occurrence of pleural and peritoneal mesotheliomas in man following occupational and environmental exposures to asbestos dust. The definite carcinogenic action of polyurethans parenterally introduced into rats provides a warning against indiscriminate use of these plastics in human medical practice because of possible delayed carcinogenic sequelae. The observations reported furnish additional warnings against any uncontrolled and avoidable exposures of man to many of the recently developed carbon and silicon polymers that are used in the economy and in industry. Carcinomas of the intestinal mucosa may be induced by carcinogens introduced into the peritoneal cavity and penetrating the intestinal wall from the serosal surface.
The AGREE Reporting Checklist: a tool to improve reporting of clinical practice guidelines
Authors: Melissa C Brouwers, Kate Kerkvliet, Karen Spithoff
Journal: BMJ (2016)

AGREE II is a widely used standard for assessing the methodological quality of practice guidelines. This article describes the development of the AGREE Reporting Checklist, which was designed to improve the quality of practice guideline reporting and aligns with AGREE II in its structure and content.
Tissue Localization of Zinc Glycinate Marker and Carcinoembryonic Antigen by Immunofluorescence. II. Immunofluorescence Microscopy 2
Authors: W. G. Doos, C. A. Saravis, G. Pusztaszeri, B. Burke, S. K. Oh, N. Zamcheck, L. S. Gottlieb
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1978)

Preliminary indirect immunofluorescence studies on the zinc glycinate marker (ZGM) were compared with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) immunofluorescence, ZGM, detected in 26 of 29 human colon adenocarcinomas, was associated with the epithelial component of the malignant glands. Fluorescence was generally less strong and more granular for ZGM than for CEA and was found in intraglandular spaces, luminal border areas, and cytoplasm. ZGM concentration and tissue localization appeared to be related to tumor differentiation. ZGM was also detected in benign colon mucosae (adjacent to and distant from the carcinomas) from patients with colon carcinoma, but differed from CEA in that it was present in the deep crypt portion only. Gastric, pancreatic, esophageal, and anal adenocarcinomas, as well as benign gastric pyloric and small bowel mucosae had detectable ZGM. CEA, but not ZGM, was observed in 20 nongastrointestinal carcinomas to date. Studies are under way to determine whether ZGM is a marker associated with colon and gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma specifically or undifferentiated crypt cells of the colon and digestive tract in general.
Cholestasis‐induced adaptive remodeling of interlobular bile ducts
Authors: Nachiket Vartak, Amruta Damle‐Vartak, Beate Richter, Olaf Dirsch, Uta Dahmen, Seddik Hammad, Jan G. Hengstler
Journal: Hepatology (2015)

Cholestasis is a common complication in liver diseases that triggers a proliferative response of the biliary tree. Bile duct ligation (BDL) is a frequently used model of cholestasis in rodents. To determine which changes occur in the three‐dimensional (3D) architecture of the interlobular bile duct during cholestasis, we used 3D confocal imaging, surface reconstructions, and automated image quantification covering a period up to 28 days after BDL. We show a highly reproducible sequence of interlobular duct remodeling, where cholangiocyte proliferation initially causes corrugation of the luminal duct surface, leading to an approximately five‐fold increase in surface area. This is analogous to the function of villi in the intestine or sulci in the brain, where an expansion of area is achieved within a restricted volume. The increase in surface area is further enhanced by duct branching, branch elongation, and loop formation through self‐joining, whereby an initially relatively sparse mesh surrounding the portal vein becomes five‐fold denser through elongation, corrugation, and ramification. The number of connections between the bile duct and the lobular bile canalicular network by the canals of Hering decreases proportionally to the increase in bile duct length, suggesting that no novel connections are established. The diameter of the interlobular bile duct remains constant after BDL, a response that is qualitatively distinct from that of large bile ducts, which tend to enlarge their diameters. Therefore, volume enhancement is only due to net elongation of the ducts. Because curvature and tortuosity of the bile duct are unaltered, this enlargement of the biliary tree is caused by branching and not by convolution. Conclusion: BDL causes adaptive remodeling that aims at optimizing the intraluminal surface area by way of corrugation and branching. (H epatology 2016;63:951–964)
P82 The use of dry blood spot testing for hepatitis C in injecting drug users attending substance misuse services
Authors: J Tait, B Stephens, S O'Keeffe, J Dillon
Journal: Gut (2010)

Introduction  Diagnosing hepatitis C virus (HCV) in current injecting drug users has often proved challenging. This is due to the individual9s reluctance to attend hospital clinics, lack of testing in substance misuse services and poor venous access. Dry blood spot testing (DBST) has proven to be a robust and easy method of determining HCV status which can be carried out by staff working in Drug Services.  Aim  The aim of this study was to evaluate the ease of use of DBST in clinical practice.  Method  The study was carried out between August 2009 and April 2010. Staff within local substance misuse services were given appropriate training in the use of DBST. Testing for HCV was offered to individuals who accessed services during this period. A follow-up appointment was given for 2 weeks after testing and a referral to specialist services was offered to those individuals who tested positive.  Results  A total of 361 individuals were tested during the study period. 65.1% (235/361) of the individuals tested were male, the age range was between 18 and 51 years. 73.1% (264/361) were negative for HCV antibodies and 26.8% (97/361) were positive. 93.3% (337/361) attended a follow-up appointment for their results.  Of the 88 individuals who received their antibody positive results, all were offered referral to health services to provide further information and check HCV PCR. 6 are awaiting an appointment date and 17 have not attended any follow-up appointment.  79.2% (65/82) have attended a follow-up appointment at specialist services, the prison clinic or their GP to have blood checked for HCV PCR. Results available to date show that 60% (36/60) are PCR positive. Individuals who are PCR negative have been informed they do not require any further follow-up and all PCR positive people have been encouraged to attend drug treatment services and/or offered an appointment at specialist services for assessment of liver disease and treatment.  Conclusion  The study has shown DBST is easy to use and can be carried out without difficulty by staff within drug services. The offer of HCV testing was well received by this particular client group with over 90% of individuals returning for their results. Knowing HCV status also allowed staff to reiterate the appropriate harm reduction measures and encourage referral to services for drug treatment. 79% attended a follow-up appointment therefore suggesting that providing BBV testing is valuable in a group who are often envisaged as being too chaotic to engage with health services.
Uterine malignant mixed mesodermal tumor (MMMT): A single institution review
Authors: M. Jean-Gilles, M. B. Thomas, J. Gaughan, E. Hernandez
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

16558 Background: Uterine MMMT is an aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis, even for stage I-II. Our aim was to identify factors that impact the outcome of women with uterine MMMT by reviewing patients treated at a single institution. Methods: A retrospective chart review of patients with a uterine MMMT treated between 1994 and 2005 was undertaken. The following was abstracted: age, race, stage, extent of surgery, pathology findings, adjuvant chemotherapy (CT), adjuvant radiation therapy (RT), comorbidities. Univariate and multivariate analysis of the impact of these factors on recurrence, death and actuarial 5-year survival was done. Results: 41 women were identified. The median age was 68 years (range 37 to 88). There were 21 African American, 14 Caucasian and 6 other. The stage distribution is as follows: 13 (32%) stage I, 4 (10%) stage II, 15 (36%) stage III, and 9 (22%) stage IV. All patients, but 2 who had stage IV disease underwent a TAH BSO. 25 patients had lymph node dissection (LND). 11 of 25 (42%) had positive lymph nodes. Omentectomy or omental biopsy was done in 28 instances and was positive in 6 (21%) cases. CT was given to 22 patients (ifosfamide 17, ifosfamide/cisplatin 3, and carboplatin/paclitaxel 2). 13 patients received CT alone. RT was given alone to 5 patients and 9 received both. Among the 17 patients with stage I and II disease 5 received CT, 2 received RT and 4 received both. With a median follow-up of 25 months, 51% of patients are disease free. Most recurrences were distant(liver or lungs). Univariate analysis showed the only factors statistically associated with an increased risk of recurrence were: stage and positive pelvic lymph nodes. By multivariate analysis adjuvant CT and RT was not associated with risk of recurrence or death. The 5-year cumulative survival of patients with stage I disease was 0.611 (0.255, 0.838), and 0.169 (0.028, 0.415) for patients with stage III. Conclusions: While limited by cohort size, this review suggests that comprehensive surgical staging is needed for defining the disease stage given the high incidence of exta-uterine metastasis. By multivariate analysis LND, RT and CT were not associated with increased risk of recurrence or death. Prospective studies are needed to evaluate alternative methods of treatment for this poor prognosis disease. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Reviving the pelvic examination for evaluating the status of ovarian carcinoma.
Authors: V L Seewaldt, J M Cain, B E Greer, H K Tamimi, D C Figge, R B Livingston
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1995)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1995.13.3.799 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 7884443 Reviving the pelvic examination for evaluating the status of ovarian carcinoma. V L SeewaldtxV L SeewaldtSearch for articles by this author , J M CainxJ M CainSearch for articles by this author , B E GreerxB E GreerSearch for articles by this author , H K TamimixH K TamimiSearch for articles by this author , D C FiggexD C FiggeSearch for articles by this author , R B LivingstonxR B LivingstonSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1995.13.3.799 PDF "Reviving the pelvic examination for evaluating the status of ovarian carcinoma.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 13(3), p. 799© 1995 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Palliation of Extensive Metastatic Bone Disease With 223Ra-Dichloride α-Particle Therapy in a Patient With Malignant Hereditary Paraganglioma-Pheochromocytoma Syndrome With SDHB Mutation
Authors: William Makis, Karey McCann, Alexander J.B. McEwan, Michael B. Sawyer
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

A 26-year-old woman with a 5-year history of metastatic paraganglioma due to hereditary paraganglioma-pheochromocytoma syndrome with SDHB mutation, who had failed multiple treatment regimens and had transfusion dependent pancytopenia, presented with progressive liver and bone metastases. She was unable to sleep due to painful skull metastases and had severe weakness in her extremities that limited her mobility and daily activities. She was treated with 2 doses of 223Ra-dichloride (Xofigo, 223Ra) and had a dramatic improvement in pain control, mobility, and overall quality of life for 8 weeks, before passing away from pulmonary hemorrhage.
Inhibition of B7-H4 gene expression by RNA interference (RNAi) in lung cancer A549 cell line
Authors: Siqing Sun, Yong Lin, Peilin Huang, Chunguo Jiang, Yuelin Jin
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  B7-H4, a member of the B7 family, is involved in the regulation of antigen-specific immune responses. Here we addressed its expression in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) pathology and correlation to the number of CD3 +  tumor infiltrating T-lymphocytes in invasive carcinomas. We also observe the effects of B7-H4 gene expression on cell proliferation and migration in the human NSCLC cell line.   Methods:  B7-H4 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 102 patients with NSCLC who underwent surgical tumor resection. Expression data was correlated with clinicopathologic features and with the number of tumor-infiltrating T cells. B7-H4 shRNA was cloned into pGCsi-U6/Neo plasmid and the product was transfected into A549 cells with Lipofectamine 2000.   Results:  B7-H4 is transcripted in three cell lines. In tumor tissues, expression of B7-H4 is found both in the cell membrane and in the cytoplasm. B7-H4 transfection vector-pGCshB7-H4 was successfully constructed. After transfected with pGC shB7-H4, the expression of B7-H4mRNA in A549 cells was obviously decreased with an increased cell proliferation observably. Compare to cell lines without treatment, the proliferation of cell lines cultivated with decreased B7-H4 gene was increased, the cell cycle was blocked in the G 2  as well, invasion and mobility abilities of cells in vitro were added.   Conclusion:  Our observations also suggest that the B7-H4 gene is associated with A549 cell proliferation, migration and cell cycle distribution. RNAi recombinent of B7-H4 gene could effectively inhibit the expression of B7-H4 mRNA in A549 cells.
Abstract P003: Survival after Incident Atrial Fibrillation: A Community-Based Study
Authors: Alanna M Chamberlain, Bernard J Gersh, Alvaro Alonso, Lin Y Chen, Cecilia Berardi, Sheila M McNallan, Susan A Weston, Veronique L Roger
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia in clinical practice, causes substantial morbidity, and is associated with an excess risk of mortality. However, information on contemporary time trends in survival after AF is lacking. Thus, we aimed to determine whether survival after incident AF has changed over the last decade in a community-based cohort of 3413 individuals with incident AF between 2000 and 2010. Methods: Olmsted County, MN residents 18 years of age and older with a first-ever AF or atrial flutter event between 2000 and 2010 were identified using inpatient and outpatient diagnostic codes and electrocardiograms. Deaths from any cause were ascertained through August 31, 2012 and time trends in survival after AF were examined using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: Among 3413 individuals with incident AF (52% men, age range 18-104) between 2000 and 2010, 1561 deaths were observed over a median follow-up of 3.4 years. Survival did not differ by year of AF diagnosis (figure). In addition, the proportion of cardiovascular disease-related deaths compared to non-cardiovascular deaths did not differ over time. After adjustment for age, sex, and Charlson comorbidity index, the hazard ratios for all-cause mortality were 1.09 (95% CI 0.97-1.23) for those diagnosed with AF in 2004-2007 vs. 2000-2003 and 1.04 (95% CI 0.90-1.12) for 2008-2010 vs. 2000-2003. Furthermore, the risk of death did not differ by sex after adjustment for age and comorbidity (HR 1.00, 95% CI 0.90-1.11 for men vs. women). Conclusions: In the community, survival after AF has remained constant over the last decade despite substantial changes in the recommendations for treatment of AF. This underscores the importance of identification of prognostic factors and continued surveillance of outcomes in AF, as well as a better understanding of how to optimize the management of AF to improve outcomes in these patients.
Intrahepatic bile duct adenoma in a patient with chronic hepatitis B accompanied by elevation of alpha-fetoprotein
Authors: Jem Ma Ahn, Yong-Han Paik, Jun Hee Lee, Ju Yeon Cho, Won Sohn, Geum-Youn Gwak, Moon Seok Choi, Joon Hyeok Lee, Kwang Cheol Koh, Seung Woon Paik, Byung Chul Yoo
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2015)

A 51-year-old male patient with chronic hepatitis B was referred to our hospital due to a 1-cm liver nodule on ultrasonography. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was slightly elevated. The nodule showed prolonged enhancement on dynamic liver magnetic resonance imaging and appeared as a hyperintensity on both diffusion-weighted and T2-weighted imaging. The nodule was followed up because it was small and typical findings of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were not observed in the dynamic imaging investigations. However, liver contrast-enhanced ultrasonography performed 1 month later showed enhancement during the arterial phase and definite washout during the delayed phase. Also, AFP had increased to over 200 ng/mL even though AST and ALT were decreased after administering an antiviral agent. He was presumptively diagnosed as HCC and underwent liver segmentectomy. Microscopy findings of the specimen indicated bile duct adenoma. After resection, the follow-up AFP had decreased to within the normal range. This patient represents a case of bile duct adenoma with AFP elevation mimicking HCC on contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. Keywords: Adenoma; Bile duct; Hepatitis B; Alpha-fetoproteins; Ultrasonography
Head injury and marital aggression
Authors: A Rosenbaum, S K Hoge
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1989)

Of 31 consecutive male patients referred for evaluation of marital violence, 19 (61.3%) had histories of severe head injury. Although the relationship between child abuse and head injury did not reach an acceptable level of significance, it did indicate a trend toward a positive relationship. Alcohol abuse, reported by 48.4% of the sample, was significantly associated with head injury. Confirmation of biological etiologies in marital aggression would have implications for prevention and treatment.