tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Detection of recurrence in patients with clinical stage I nonseminomatous testicular germ cell tumors and consequences for further follow-up: a single-center 10-year experience.
Authors: M E Gels, H J Hoekstra, D T Sleijfer, J Marrink, H W de Bruijn, W M Molenaar, N J Freling, J H Droste, H Schraffordt Koops
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1995)

A wait-and-see policy for patients with stage I nonseminomatous testicular germ cell tumors (NSTGCT) was evaluated in a prospective study. The frequency and time of recurrence, detection of recurrence, and presence of unfavorable prognostic factors were investigated.During the period 1982 to 1992, 154 patients with stage I NSTGCT (median age, 29 years) underwent orchidectomy and were monitored at follow-up evaluation with physical examinations, alfafetoprotein (AFP) and beta-human choriogonadotropin (hCG) levels, chest x-rays (CXR), and computed tomographic (CT) scans of the abdomen and chest. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors.During a median follow-up period of 7 years (range, 2 to 12), recurrence was found in 42 patients (27.3%). All cases of recurrence were detected within 2 years, 90% in the first year after orchidectomy. In 29 patients (69.0%), recurrence was detected in the abdominal lymph nodes. Nine patients (21.4%) had metastases in the retroperitoneum and mediastinum and/or lungs, and four patients (9.6%) had metastases only in the mediastinum or lungs. The majority of recurrences (97.6%) were detected by tumor markers and CT scans. Recurrence was related to the presence of vascular invasion, embryonal carcinoma (E), elevated preoperative hCG level, and absence of mature teratoma (M). Only vascular invasion was an independent risk factor. After polychemotherapy treatment for recurrence, the survival rate for the total group was 98.7%.The wait-and-see policy is a reliable method for follow-up monitoring of patients with stage I NSTGCT. Even in patients with unfavorable prognostic factors, it is justified to await the possible appearance of metastases. For the future, it is recommended that CXR be omitted from the schedule, and it might be feasible to discontinue follow-up evaluations after 5 years.
Frequency of co-morbid illnesses in cancer patients in Turkey
Authors: H. Abali, A. Ata, S. Turhal, M. Ozdogan, E. Seyrek, M. Erman, I. Celik
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e20717 Background: Co-morbidities in cancer patients can adversely affect the management of their primary illnesses at multiple levels from diagnosis to therapy. We saught to examine co-morbid conditions in cancer patients treated at 3 university hospitals in Turkey representing three different geographic locations. Methods: A total of 622 consecutive cancer patients presenting to outpatient clinics were recruited to the study from November 2007 to May 2008. Each patient answered a questionnaire consisting of questions on co-morbidities and drugs taken. Based on the questionnaire, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was calculated. Results: Their median age was 55 years (minimum-maximum: 21–87) and 376 (62%) were female. Breast cancer (39%), colon and rectum (19%) and lung cancer (14%) were the 3 most frequent cancers. Of the patients, 60% had at least 1 co-morbid disease and 49% were using at least one medication daily. The most frequent comorbid diseases were hypertension (25%), other cardiovascular disorders (15%) and diabetes mellitus (13%). Incidence of comorbid diseases were increasing by age; 65% in patients between 60–69 years and 76% in patients older than 70 (r=0.25, p&lt;0.001). Similarly, of those over 70 years, 65% was on at least 1 medication (r=0.29, p&lt;0,001). CCI scores were calculated as 0 in (71%), 1 (23%) and 2 (5%) and it also worsened by increasing age (r=0.15, p&lt;0.001). Conclusions: It is crucial to remember that co-morbid illnesses are not infrequent and many patients take medications for conditions unrelated to their cancer, which potentially may affect multiple stages of clinical management. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A controlled, randomized, open-label study to evaluate the effect of every-2-week darbepoetin alfa for anemia of cancer
Authors: V. Charu, C. P. Belani, A. N. Gill, M. Bhatt, A. Ben-Jacob, D. Tomita, D. Katz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

8084 Background: Patients (pts) with cancer who are not receiving chemotherapy (ctx) or radiotherapy (rtx) often develop anemia. A previous randomized, controlled trial evaluating the effect of recombinant human erythropoietin therapy vs placebo on transfusion (tfn) incidence in this pt population failed to show a significant reduction in tfn requirements in treated pts, relative to control (Abels, 1991). This multicenter, randomized, controlled, 25-week (wk) study is closed to enrollment (n = 298) and was designed to assess the effect of darbepoetin alfa (DA; Aranesp®) in pts with anemia of cancer (AOC) with respect to hospitalization, incidence of tfn, and pt-reported outcomes. Methods: Eligible pts (anemia [hemoglobin (Hb) ≤ 11 g/dL]) due to cancer or prior ctx and/or rtx; had no ctx or rtx within 4 wks before screening or during the study) were randomized 4:1 to DA 3.0 mcg/kg every 2 weeks [Q2W] for 21 wks (DA arm) or 12 wks of observation followed by 9 wks of DA 3.0 mcg/kg Q2W (control arm). Data were analyzed using an intent-to-treat approach. Results are provided for all pts and stratified by baseline (BL) Hb category. Results: Data through the comparative phase (first 12 wks) were analyzed for the first 170 pts (135 DA, 35 control) enrolled. BL Hb was 10.2 (SD: 0.9) in the DA arm and 10.3 (0.9) in the control arm. Efficacy results (with 95% CL) are shown below. The safety profile was as expected for this population. Conclusions: These results show that AOC pts treated with darbepoetin alfa Q2W (vs no treatment) had marked improvements in Hb corresponding to clinically meaningful improvements in fatigue and a substantial reduction in tfn requirements. Importantly, the stratified analysis suggests that pts with AOC experience important clinical benefits, regardless of BL Hb category; however, earlier intervention (Hb >10 to <11g/dL) may optimize anemia management for this pt population. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Amgen Amgen Amgen Amgen Amgen
Isolation and Partial Characterization of Surface Components of Cell Line MDA-MB-231 Derived From a Human Metastatic Breast Carcinoma&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: E Walker-Nasir, J F Codington, M R Jahnke, T C Fuller, R W Jeanloz
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

Neuraminidase (Vibrio cholerae) treatment of human metastatic mammary carcinoma MDA-MB-231 cells grown in culture released 0.60-0.63 mg of N-acetylneuraminic acid from 10(9) cells. Incubation of intact cells with a modified trypsin and fractionation by gel filtration gave mainly O-glycopeptides. The presence of O-glycosyl-linked chains having one or two carbohydrate residues was confirmed by treatment of the glycopeptide fractions with galactose oxidase, followed by reduction with alkaline sodium borotritide and fractionation. The major glycopeptide fraction, which consisted of 53% carbohydrate and 47% protein, and a minor glycopeptide fraction each inhibited hemagglutination by peanut lectin. These results suggest the presence of O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1 leads to 3)-O-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl)-(1 leads to 3)-L-serine (threonine) residues. The absorptive capacities for anti-HLA-A2 and anti-HLA-B8 antisera were slightly greater for intact than for lyophilized cells, which suggested that masking of these major histocompatibility antigens did not occur in intact cells.
Phase II evaluation of liposomal doxorubicin combined with docetaxel in patients with metastatic breast cancer
Authors: J. Fasano, D. Hershman, Y. Novik, K. Blozie, A. Tiersten
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

1112 Background: The combination of anthracyclines and taxanes are effective in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. Liposomal doxorubicin has been shown to be as effective as doxorubicin with less toxicity and it can be combined safely with docetaxel. Methods: Monthly liposomal doxorubicin (30 mg/m 2 ) in combination with weekly docetaxel (30 mg/m 2 ) was evaluated in women with metastatic breast cancer. Cycles were continued until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Radiologic assessment was performed every two months. The primary outcome was time to progression. Secondary endpoints included overall response rate, median survival and toxicity. Results: Between 12/2002 and 9/2005, 12 women were enrolled and received this combination as front- line chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer. The mean age was 46.5 (31–60) years. Nine (75%) patients had tumors that were ER+ or PR+. Five (41.7%) women had tumors that over-expressed her-2/neu. Ten women had an EGOG performance status of 1. Two women had an ECOG performance status of 2. The median number of cycles received was 4 (1–12). Four (25%) women were taken off study due to intolerable toxicity and 7 (58.3%) due to progressive disease. One (8.3%) woman remains progression free. Ten (83.3%) women had a partial response, one (8.3%) woman had a mixed response and one (8.3%) was not evaluable for response to chemotherapy. The median time to progression was 21 (6–52) weeks. Three women remain alive with disease. One woman remains alive and progression-free. Ten (83%) patients experienced Grade 3/4 toxicities, including: stomatits 6 (50%), nausea/vomiting 1 (8.3%), neutropenia 3 (25%), infection 3 (25%), dyspnea 2 (16.7%), and PPE 1 (8.3). Conclusions: Monthly liposomal doxorubicin plus weekly docetaxel in women with metastatic breast cancer resulted in an encouraging response, but was difficult to tolerate. Further evaluation of this combination with improved supportive care may be warranted. [Table: see text]
Pulmonary Cancer and Adenomatosis in Captive Wild Mammals and Birds From the Philadelphia Zoo&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Harold L. Stewart
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1966)

This paper presents the results of a personal examination of pulmonary cancer and pulmonary adenomatosis and squamous metaplasia in captive wild mammals and birds from the Philadelphia Zoo. The initial diagnoses of the lesions of these animals are listed along with the revised diagnoses. Histologic material was available For examination from 31 of 36 mammals and birds. The diseases in these 31 animals were: 14 adenocarcinomas in 11 birds of the family Anatidae, a silver pheasant, a red jungle fowl, and a coypu; 1 squamous cell carcinoma in a North American offer; 1 undifferentiated small cell carcinoma in a Java sparrow; 1 alveologenic carcinoma in a striped skunk; 2 pleural mesotheliomas in a Cape hunting dog and a clouded leopard; 10 adenomatosis or squamous metaplasia or both in a red fox, puma, North American oHer (also had squamous cell carcinoma of lung), squirrel monkey, peafowl, African eared vulture, Chinese myna, 2 toucan barbets and a rabbit-eared bandicoot; 1 tuberculosis in a civet; 1 pneumonia in a kangaroo, and 1 metastatic renal carcinoma of the lung in a red wolf.
Male breast cancer: Prognostic factors evaluation in a 35-year service
Authors: R. D. Botan, M. N. Alvares, A. Hassan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e11618 Background: Treatment for male breast cancer is based on the results of large clinical trials for female breast cancer. Although peculiar differences do exist between men and women, very little is known about the prognostic factors in male breast cancer, even though female breast cancer practical conducts are widely used in male breast cancer. The rarity of this condition makes very difficult to produce randomized trials. Methods: This study is populational and epidemiological and evaluated male breast cancer patients from January 1974 to December 2001 about its prognostic characteristics. Data were collected retrospectively and the sample has been described using descriptive statistics methods. Survival curve was built using Kaplan-Meier method. Staging system was standardized as in the sixth edition of American Joint Committee on Cancer, independently on when the diagnose was made. Due to differences throughtout 35 years on therapeutic on breast cancer, treatment options were categorized in groups to make the survival evaluation possible. Results: From 45 patients with male breast cancer, 91% presented ductal histology, 26% were negative axillary, 9.1% were T1, 25% were T2, 4.5% were T3, 50% were T4 and 12.12% presented with distant metastasis at diagnose. Seventy nine percent were submitted to radical local treatment, while 34% had not been submitted to any kind of systemic treatment (neoadjuvant, adjuvant e hormone therapy). Forty percent of patients have not presented distant recurrence, while 58.3% have not presented local recurrence. A median survival of 126 months has been observed to the analyzed population, ranging from 69–182 months. Five-year survival was 72% and 10-year survival was 54%. These data agreed with the available data in the published literature. Conclusions: Male breast cancer appears to behave biologically and clinically very similar to female breast cancer, but differences do exist and need to be elucidated. Randomized multi-center clinical trials become necessary, as systematic reviews, to build higher statistic power studies. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Parents’ depression is linked to worse school performance in children
Authors: Jacqui Wise
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Children are likely to perform less well at school if their mother or father is depressed at any time, says an analysis of more than 1.1 million Swedish schoolchildren published in JAMA Psychiatry .1

The researchers looked at parental depression diagnoses from inpatient and outpatient records and the school grades of all children born in Sweden from 1984 to 1994. The final sample size was 1 124 162 children, of whom 48.9% were girls. Of their parents, 33 906 mothers (3%) and 23 724 …
Oncofertility and the Rights to Future Fertility
Authors: Ehren M. Fournier
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2016)

The field of oncofertility, or fertility preservation for patients facing a cancer diagnosis, has seen significant scientific breakthroughs that allow adults and children undergoing fertility-threatening cancer treatment to preserve their fertility for a life after cancer. These breakthroughs also raise complex legal issues for patients and clinicians. While the current scholarship tangentially discusses the disposition of genetic material in regards to pediatric patients, this Special Communication examines the current legal framework as applied to disputes regarding the disposition of genetic material between the oncofertility patient and donor, and provides a potential new solution for courts to use in determining the rights of parties in disputes involving donated genetic material.
Pelvic fractures following radiation therapy for cervical cancer: Implications for survivors
Authors: K. M. Schmeler, A. Jhingran, R. B. Iyer, C. C. Sun, P. J. Eifel, P. T. Soliman, P. T. Ramirez, M. M. Frumovitz, D. C. Bodurka, A. K. Sood
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

5530 Background: Pelvic radiotherapy has been shown to result in demineralization of bone matrix, increasing the risk of osteoporosis and pelvic fractures. The objective of our study was to determine the incidence of pelvic fractures in women treated with radiotherapy for cervical cancer, and to determine risk factors associated with these fractures. Methods: Following IRB approval, the records of 516 women treated with curative intent radiotherapy for cervical cancer between 2001 and 2006 at a single institution were reviewed. 455 patients received primary radiotherapy and 61 patients received adjuvant radiotherapy following surgery. Data collected included age at diagnosis, ethnicity, BMI, menopausal status, smoking history, pathologic characteristics and type and duration of radiotherapy. 300 patients had at least one post-treatment CT scan or MRI study available for review, and comprise our study population. All imaging studies were re-reviewed by a single radiologist to evaluate for fractures. Results: Median age at cancer diagnosis was 51 years (range 25- 94). 40% of patients were postmenopausal. Median BMI was 28 kg/m2 (range 16–58). Pelvic fractures were noted in 29 of 300 patients (9.7%). Fracture sites included sacrum (n=24, 83%), sacrum and pubis (n=3, 10%), iliac crest (n=1, 3%), sacrum and acetabulum (n=1, 3%). 13 patients (45%) were symptomatic, with pain being the most common presenting symptom. Median time from completion of radiotherapy to detection of fractures on imaging studies was 14 months (range 2–63), with 38% diagnosed within 1 year and 86% diagnosed within 2 years of completing therapy. Median age at diagnosis was higher in the women who developed a fracture compared with the women who did not (56 vs. 51 years, p=0.02). A higher number of women with a fracture were postmenopausal (62 vs. 37%, p=0.03). Median BMI was lower in the women who had a fracture (26 vs 29 kg/m2, p=0.03). There were no statistically significant differences in ethnicity and smoking history between the two groups. Median follow-up was 24 months (range 3–85). Conclusions: Pelvic fractures were detected in a substantial proportion of women following radiotherapy for cervical cancer. Bone mineral density screening and pharmacological intervention should be considered in these women. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Comparison of incidence and pattern of interstitial lung disease (ILD) during erlotinib and gefitinib treatment in Japanese pts with NSCLC
Authors: K. Hotta, K. Kiura, N. Takigawa, H. Yoshioka, S. Harita, Y. Yonei, K. Fujiwara, T. Maeda, M. Tabata, M. Tanimoto
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e19056 Background: Erlotinib was approved in Dec 2007 in Japan, and incidence and pattern of ILD during its therapy for Japanese pts with NSCLC has not still been determined, although we had previously reported the frequency of ILD through the gefitinib treatment [PASCO2004, #7063]. In this study, we intended to elucidate this issue in pts receiving erlotinib therapy. Methods: We reviewed the clinical records of 159 pts who had initiated erlotinib therapy last year (cohort A), and of 330 pts receiving gefitinib between 2000 and 2003 (cohort B) for comparing the incidence and pattern of ILD during the both TKI treatments. Toxicity data during the first months after the initiation of TKIs were obtained. Results: The demographics of 489 pts were as follows; M:63%, Ad:75%, and PS 0–1:69%. None of pts in the cohort B received erlotinib therapy before the gefitinib treatment, whereas 66 of the 159 cohort A pts (42%) were given gefitinib before the erlotinib therapy. In 23% and 28% of the pts in the cohorts A and B, erlotinib and gefitinb treatments were discontinued within 1 month after the initiation of TKI therapy, respectively. Two pts (1.3%) developed ILD in the cohort A during the first month of erlotinib treatment, while 8 ILD-events (2.4%) were observed in the gefitinib therapy (cohort B) during the same treatment period. Both 2 pts who developed ILD during the erlotinib therapy had not had a history of prior gefitinib treatment. The toxicity grades of ILD were as follows: grades 1 and 2 in 1 each (cohort A) and grades 3, 4 and 5 in 1, 1 and 6 pts, respectively (cohort B). Statistically significant factors affecting the occurrence of ILD by multivariate analysis were presence of prior pulmonary fibrosis (OR=37.3, p&lt;0.01) and poor PS (OR=6.4, p=0.02), but type of TKIs was not a significant risk factor for ILD. Conclusions: In this setting, the type of TKIs did not affect the incidence of ILD although its incidence after the initiation of erlotinib was somewhat low as compared with that during gefitinib therapy. In addition, the grade of ILD was less severe in the cohort A. These might be partly due to a patient selection based on the recent awareness of Japanese physicians regarding the risk factors for ILD events who learned it through the gefitinib treatment. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Continuous infusion high-dose cytosine arabinoside in refractory childhood leukemia.
Authors: J Ochs, J A Sinkule, M K Danks, A T Look, W P Bowman, G Rivera
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1984)

Ten pediatric patients with refractory leukemia received continuous infusion high-dose cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) according to one of two escalating dosage schedules: (1) a 500-mg/m2 rapid infusion loading dose followed by 3.5 g/m2 per day continuous infusion daily for four consecutive days, or (2) a 600-mg/m2 rapid infusion loading dose followed by 5.0 g/m2 per day continuous infusion daily for four consecutive days. Major toxicity at the lower dosage level was grade IV hematopoietic aplasia of three weeks' duration. At the higher dosage level, there was a prohibitive toxicity in multiple organ systems including transient noncardiogenic pulmonary edema, fungal infections, peritonitis, severe diarrhea, transaminase elevations, and one treatment-related death due to acute renal failure. In contrast to other methods of administration of high-dose ara-C, no CNS toxicity occurred. Oncolytic responses were seen in all patients and two achieved brief, partial remissions. Steady-state plasma ara-C concentrations were 13 to 40 mumol/L at the 3.5-g/m2 dosage level and 10 to 225 mumol/L at the 5-g/m2 dosage level; CSF concentrations at both dosages ranged from 2 to 5 mumol/L. Intracellular levels and ratios of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytidine-5' triphosphate and endogenous deoxycytidine 5' triphosphate in marrow blasts varied widely at steady state during infusion. No positive correlation existed between steady-state plasma ara-C levels, toxicity, oncolytic effect, or intracellular nucleotide concentration.
Constructing Support Vector Machine Ensembles for Cancer Classification Based on Proteomic Profiling
Authors: Yong Mao, Xiao-Bo Zhou, Dao-Ying Pi, You-Xian Sun
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2005)

Abstract In this study, we present a constructive algorithm for training cooperative support vector machine ensembles (CSVMEs). CSVME combines ensemble architecture design with cooperative training for individual SVMs in ensembles. Unlike most previous studies on training ensembles, CSVME puts emphasis on both accuracy and collaboration among individual SVMs in an ensemble. A group of SVMs selected on the basis of recursive classifier elimination is used in CSVME, and the number of the individual SVMs selected to construct CSVME is determined by 10-fold cross-validation. This kind of SVME has been tested on two ovarian cancer datasets previously obtained by proteomic mass spectrometry. By combining several individual SVMs, the proposed method achieves better performance than the SVME of all base SVMs.