tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ECCRINE SWEAT GLAND CARCINOMA WITH METASTABES
Authors: VINAY K. DAVE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1972)

Journal Article ECCRINE SWEAT GLAND CARCINOMA WITH METASTABES Get access VINAY K. DAVE VINAY K. DAVE Department of Dermatology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 86, Issue 1, 1 January 1972, Pages 95–97, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1972.tb01901.x Published: 01 January 1972 Article history Accepted: 11 August 1971 Published: 01 January 1972
Electrocardiographic Features in Andersen-Tawil Syndrome Patients With <i>KCNJ2</i> Mutations
Authors: Li Zhang, D. Woodrow Benson, Martin Tristani-Firouzi, Louis J. Ptacek, Rabi Tawil, Peter J. Schwartz, Alfred L. George, Minoru Horie, Gregor Andelfinger, Gregory L. Snow, Ying-Hui Fu, Michael J. Ackerman, G. Michael Vincent
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Background— The ECG features of Andersen-Tawil syndrome (ATS) patients with KCNJ2 mutations (ATS1) have not been systematically assessed. This study aimed to define ECG features of KCNJ2 mutation carriers, to determine whether characteristic T-U–wave patterns exist, and to establish whether T-U patterns predict the ATS1 genotype. Methods and Results— In phase I, evaluation of T-U morphology in ECGs of 39 KCNJ2 mutation carriers identified characteristic T-U patterns: prolonged terminal T downslope, wide T-U junction, and biphasic and enlarged U waves. In phase II, ATS1 genotype prediction by T-U pattern was evaluated in the next 147 ECGs (57 other KCNJ2 mutation carriers, 61 unaffected family members, and 29 ATS patients without KCNJ2 mutations), with a sensitivity of 84% and specificity of 97%. Characteristic T-U patterns were present in 91% (87/96), in whom an enlarged U wave was predominant (73%). In phase III, QTc, QUc, and T- and U-wave duration/amplitude were compared in the 96 ATS1, 29 non- KCNJ2 ATS, and 75 normal subjects. In ATS1 patients, QUc, U-wave duration and amplitude, and QTc were all increased ( P &lt;0.001), but median QTc and interquartile range (IQR) were just 440 ms (IQR, 28 ms) compared with 420 ms (IQR, 20 ms) in normal subjects and 425 ms (IQR, 48 ms) in ATS non- KCNJ2 patients. Conclusions— In ATS1 patients, gene-specific T-U–wave patterns resulting from decreased I K1 owing to KCNJ2 mutations can aid diagnosis and direct genotyping. The normal QTc, distinct ECG, and other clinical features distinguish ATS1 from long-QT syndrome, and it is best designated as ATS1 rather than LQT7.
Cardiac conduction disorders in six infants with "near-miss" sudden infant deaths.
Authors: B R Keeton, E Southall, N Rutter, R H Anderson, E A Shinebourne, D P Southall
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Cardiac conduction disorders caused sudden serious illnesses in six infants that might have been fatal if diagnosis and treatment had been delayed. These cases provide circumstantial evidence to support a link between cardiac conduction disorders and some sudden infant deaths. A further potential long-term effect of these disorders is illustrated in one child in whom psychomotor retardation seemed to develop after an episode of cerebral hypoxia that was probably by an arrhythmia associated with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Cardiac conduction disorders may be detected by routine neonatal ECG screening, and it may therefore be appropriate to start prophylactic antiarrhythmic treatment in certain children before clinical signs develop.
Respiratory symptoms and 30 year mortality from obstructive lung disease and pneumonia
Authors: A Frostad, V Soyseth, T Haldorsen, A Andersen, A Gulsvik
Journal: Thorax (2006)

<b>Background:</b> As little is known about the long term relationship between respiratory symptoms and mortality from non-malignant respiratory diseases, a study was undertaken to investigate the predictive value of respiratory symptoms and symptom load for mortality from obstructive lung disease (OLD) and pneumonia in the long term in a Norwegian population. <b>Methods:</b> In 1972, 19 998 persons aged 15–70 years living in Oslo were randomly selected for a respiratory survey. The response rate was 89%. All were followed for 30 years. The association between cough, asthma-like symptoms, two levels of dyspnoea on exercise, a symptom score, and mortality from OLD and pneumonia were investigated separately for men and women by multivariable analyses, with adjustment for age, occupational exposure to air pollution, and smoking habits. <b>Results:</b> OLD accounted for 43% and pneumonia for 50% of all deaths from respiratory causes. In men the hazard ratio for mortality from OLD varied from 4.0 (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.4 to 6.5) for cough to 9.6 (95% CI 5.1 to 18.3) for severe dyspnoea, and in women from 5.1 (95% CI 2.3 to 11.3) for moderate dyspnoea to 13.0 (95% CI 6.0 to 28.3) for severe dyspnoea. The symptom score was strongly predictive of death from OLD in a dose-response manner. <b>Conclusions:</b> There is a significant, positive, strong association between respiratory symptoms and 30 year mortality from OLD. The association between respiratory symptoms and mortality from pneumonia is weaker and not significant.
miR-612 suppresses the invasive-metastatic cascade in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhong-Hua Tao, Jin-Liang Wan, Ling-Yao Zeng, Lu Xie, Hui-Chuan Sun, Lun-Xiu Qin, Lu Wang, Jian Zhou, Zheng-Gang Ren, Yi-Xue Li, Jia Fan, Wei-Zhong Wu
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2013)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in tumor metastasis. In this study, we identified a set of 32 miRNAs involved in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis. Among them, miR-612 was shown for the first time to have inhibitory effects on HCC proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis. AKT2 was verified to be one of the direct targets of miR-612, through which the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis were inhibited. The level of miR-612 in HCC patients was inversely associated with tumor size, stage, EMT, and metastasis. Of particular importance, miR-612 is involved in both the initial and final steps of the metastatic cascade, by suppressing local invasion and distant colonization. The pleiotropic roles of miR-612 in the HCC metastatic cascade suggest that it could be an effective target for both early and advanced HCC.
SEROLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THYMUS AND SPLEEN GRAFTS
Authors: Michael Schlesinger, Dahlia Hurvitz
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1968)

Thymus and spleen grafts from neonatal C57BL mice were implanted beneath the kidney capsule of (A x C57BL) F(1) hybrids. At various intervals after implantation, the grafts were analyzed serologically. Cells of each graft were tested for the presence of cells of host origin, TL (thymus-leukemia) antigenicity, and sensitivity to the cytotoxic effect of guinea pig serum (GPS). Thymus grafts showed partial repopulation by host cells 11 days after grafting, and some grafts were completely repopulated by host cells 13 days after grafting. All thymus grafts were fully repopulated 18 days after grafting. With one exception, thymus grafts contained no significant number of TL-positive cells within 14 days after grafting. TL-positive cells appeared in thymus grafts examined 15 days after implantation, and their number increased up to the 18th day after implantation. Cells residing in thymus grafts remained sensitive to GPS throughout the period of observation. The acquisition of thymus-distinctive serological properties by host cells repopulating thymus grafts was similar in intact and in thymectomized recipients. Spleen grafts were completely repopulated by host cells as early as 8 days after grafting. The cells residing in spleen grafts remained TL-negative throughout the period of observation, and were refractory to the cytotoxic effect of GPS. It is thus apparent that, while both spleen and thymus grafts are invaded by TL-negative cells, only those entering the thymus acquire the antigen. The nature of the process by which the thymus endows thymus-distinctive properties on cells entering it is discussed.
Phase III Multicenter Randomized Trial of Oxaliplatin Added to Chronomodulated Fluorouracil–Leucovorin as First-Line Treatment of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: S. Giacchetti, B. Perpoint, R. Zidani, N. Le Bail, R. Faggiuolo, C. Focan, P. Chollet, J.F. Llory, Y. Letourneau, B. Coudert, F. Bertheaut-Cvitkovic, D. Larregain-Fournier, A. Le Rol, S. Walter, R. Adam, J.L. Misset, F. Lévi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2000)

PURPOSE: To study how adding oxaliplatin (l-OHP) to chronomodulated fluorouracil (5-FU)–leucovorin (LV) affected the objective response rate, as first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Two hundred patients from 15 institutions in four countries were randomly assigned to receive a 5-day course of chronomodulated 5-FU and LV (700 and 300 mg/m 2 /d, respectively; peak delivery rate at 0400 hours) with or without l-OHP on the first day of each course (125 mg/m 2 , as a 6-hour infusion). Each course was repeated every 21 days. Response was assessed by extramural review of computed tomography scans. RESULTS: Grade 3 to 4 toxicity from 5-FU–LV occurred in ≤ 5% of the patients (≤ 1% of the courses). Grade 3 to 4 diarrhea occurred in 43% of the patients given l-OHP (10% of the courses), and less than 2% of the patients had severe hematotoxicity. Thirteen percent of the patients had moderate functional impairment from peripheral sensory neuropathy. Sixteen percent of the patients receiving 5-FU–LV had an objective response (95% confidence interval [CI], 9% to 24%), compared with 53% of those receiving additional l-OHP (95% CI, 42% to 63%) (P &lt; .001). The median progression-free survival time was 6.1 months with 5-FU–LV (range, 4.1 to 7.4 months) and 8.7 months (7.4 to 9.2 months) with l-OHP and 5-FU–LV (P = .048). Median survival times were 19.9 and 19.4 months, respectively. CONCLUSION: By chronomodulating 5-FU–LV, we were able to add l-OHP without compromising dose-intensities. l-OHP significantly improved the antitumor efficacy of this regimen.
Neuroendocrinology of the Skin1
Authors: Andrzej Slominski, Jacobo Wortsman
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2000)

Abstract The classical observations of the skin as a target for melanotropins have been complemented by the discovery of their actual production at the local level. In fact, all of the elements controlling the activity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis are expressed in the skin including CRH, urocortin, and POMC, with its products ACTH, α-MSH, and β-endorphin. Demonstration of the corresponding receptors in the same cells suggests para- or autocrine mechanisms of action. These findings, together with the demonstration of cutaneous production of numerous other hormones including vitamin D3, PTH-related protein (PTHrP), catecholamines, and acetylcholine that share regulation by environmental stressors such as UV light, underlie a role for these agents in the skin response to stress. The endocrine mediators with their receptors are organized into dermal and epidermal units that allow precise control of their activity in a field-restricted manner. The skin neuroendocrine system communicates with itself and with the systemic level through humoral and neural pathways to induce vascular, immune, or pigmentary changes, to directly buffer noxious agents or neutralize the elicited local reactions. Therefore, we suggest that the skin neuroendocrine system acts by preserving and maintaining the skin structural and functional integrity and, by inference, systemic homeostasis.
Indirect airway challenges
Authors: G.F. Joos, B. O'Connor
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2003)

Indirect challenges act by causing the release of endogenous mediators that cause the airway smooth muscle to contract. This is in contrast to the direct challenges where agonists such as methacholine or histamine cause airflow limitation predominantly via a direct effect on airway smooth muscle. Direct airway challenges have been used widely and are well standardised. They are highly sensitive, but not specific to asthma and can be used to exclude current asthma in a clinic population. Indirect bronchial stimuli, in particular exercise, hyperventilation, hypertonic aerosols, as well as adenosine, may reflect more directly the ongoing airway inflammation and are therefore more specific to identify active asthma. They are increasingly used to evaluate the prevalence of bronchial hyperresponsiveness and to assess specific problems in patients with known asthma, e.g. exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, evaluation before scuba diving. Direct bronchial responsiveness is only slowly and to a modest extent, influenced by repeated administration of inhaled steroids. Indirect challenges may reflect more closely acute changes in airway inflammation and a change in responsiveness to an indirect stimulus may be a clinically relevant marker to assess the clinical course of asthma. Moreover, some of the indirect challenges, e.g. hypertonic saline and mannitol, can be combined with the assessment of inflammatory cells by induction of sputum.
Regular Breakfast Consumption and Type 2 Diabetes Risk Markers in 9- to 10-Year-Old Children in the Child Heart and Health Study in England (CHASE): A Cross-Sectional Analysis
Authors: Angela S. Donin, Claire M. Nightingale, Chris G. Owen, Alicja R. Rudnicka, Michael R. Perkin, Susan A. Jebb, Alison M. Stephen, Naveed Sattar, Derek G. Cook, Peter H. Whincup
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2014)

Angela Donin and colleagues evaluated the association between breakfast consumption and composition and risk markers for diabetes and cardiovascular disease in 9- and 10-year-olds. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary
725 COMPARISON OF TREATMENT EFFICACY OF CLEVUDINE TO ENTECAVIR FOR ANTIVIRAL NAIVE CHRONIC HEPATITIS B PATIENTS
Authors: S.B. Kim, I.H. Song, H.I. Lee, H.Y. Yang, A.N. Kim, H.B. Chae, S.H. Lee, H.S. Kim, T.H. Lee, Y.W. Kang, E.S. Lee, S.H. Kim, B.S. Lee, H.Y. Lee
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Current practice in the management of anterior cruciate ligament injuries in the United Kingdom: Figure 1
Authors: B Kapoor, D J Clement, A Kirkley, N Maffulli
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2004)

Objective: To outline the current practice in the management of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in the United Kingdom. Methods: A postal questionnaire designed to include various clinical scenarios was sent out to the 321 orthopaedic surgeons in the United Kingdom who, being affiliated to one of the specialist societies of the British Orthopaedic Association, namely the British Association for Surgery of the Knee (BASK) or the British Orthopaedic Sports Trauma Association (BOSTA), have a manifested interest in treating such injuries. Results: The response rate was 60% (192/321). Most surgeons diagnose and operate on less than 50 ACL injuries a year. The following results were obtained: 58% (76/132) use bone-patellar tendon-bone autografts, whereas 33% (44/132) use semitendinosis/gracilis autografts; 84% (108/129) would not incorporate the ACL remnant in the reconstruction; 14% (19/135) would perform an ACL reconstruction in an 8 year child with an acute rupture; 30% (42/141) would perform an ACL reconstruction in a 14 year old with an acute ACL rupture. Conclusions: There is wide variation in the management of acute and chronic ACL injuries among orthopaedic surgeons in the British Isles. Future research and randomised controlled trials should address the issues that this investigation has raised.
Systems-level characterization of a host-microbe metabolic symbiosis in the mammalian gut
Authors: Almut Heinken, Swagatika Sahoo, Ronan M. T. Fleming, Ines Thiele
Journal: Gut Microbes (2013)

The human gut microbiota consists of ten times more microorganisms than there are cells in our body, processes otherwise indigestible nutrients, and produces important energy precursors, essential amino acids, and vitamins. In this study, we assembled and validated a genome-scale metabolic reconstruction of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (iAH991), a prominent representative of the human gut microbiota, consisting of 1488 reactions, 1152 metabolites, and 991 genes. To create a comprehensive metabolic model of host-microbe interactions, we integrated iAH991 with a previously published mouse metabolic reconstruction, which was extended for intestinal transport and absorption reactions. The two metabolic models were linked through a joint compartment, the lumen, allowing metabolite exchange and providing a route for simulating different dietary regimes. The resulting model consists of 7239 reactions, 5164 metabolites, and 2769 genes. We simultaneously modeled growth of mouse and B. thetaiotaomicron on five different diets varying in fat, carbohydrate, and protein content. The integrated model captured mutually beneficial cross-feeding as well as competitive interactions. Furthermore, we identified metabolites that were exchanged between the two organisms, which were compared with published metabolomics data. This analysis resulted for the first time in a comprehensive description of the co-metabolism between a host and its commensal microbe. We also demonstrate in silico that the presence of B. thetaiotaomicron could rescue the growth phenotype of the host with an otherwise lethal enzymopathy and vice versa. This systems approach represents a powerful tool for modeling metabolic interactions between a gut microbe and its host in health and disease.
Sequential versus combination chemotherapy with capecitabine, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin in advanced colorectal cancer (CAIRO): a phase III randomised controlled trial
Authors: Miriam Koopman, Ninja F Antonini, Joep Douma, Jaap Wals, Aafke H Honkoop, Frans LG Erdkamp, Robert S de Jong, Cees J Rodenburg, Gerard Vreugdenhil, Olaf JL Loosveld, Aart van Bochove, Harm AM Sinnige, Geert-Jan M Creemers, Margot ET Tesselaar, Peter H Th J Slee, Marjon JBP Werter, Linda Mol, Otilia Dalesio, Cornelis JA Punt
Journal: The Lancet (2007)
Pkd2+/− Vascular Smooth Muscles Develop Exaggerated Vasocontraction in Response to Phenylephrine Stimulation
Authors: Qi Qian, Larry W Hunter, Hui Du, Qun Ren, Young Han, Gary C Sieck
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2007)

Vascular complications are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Although evidence suggests an abnormal vascular reactivity, contractile function in Pkd mutant vessels has not been studied previously. Contractile response to phenylephrine (PE; 10(-10) to 10(-4)M), an alpha1-adrenergic receptor agonist, was examined. De-endothelialized Pkd2(+/-) aortic rings generated a higher maximum force (F(max)) than that in wild-type (wt; 5.78 +/- 0.73 versus 2.69 +/- 0.43 mN; P < 0.001) and a significant left shift in PE dosage-response curve. On simultaneous recordings, Pkd2(+/-) aortic helical strips also responded to PE with a greater F(max) but a lesser [Ca(2+)](i) rise, resulting in a greatly enhanced Deltaforce/DeltaCa(2+) ratio than that in wt. At F(max), a higher elevation in the phosphorylated regulatory myosin light chain was observed in Pkd2(+/-) strips. Ca(2+)-dependent calmodulin/myosin light-chain kinase-mediated contraction was examined by direct Ca(2+) (pCa8-5) stimulation to beta-escin permeabilized aortic strips; the pCa-force curve in Pkd2(+/-) strips was not shifted, thereby indicating that PE induced dosage-response alteration that resulted from Ca(2+)-independent mechanisms. Quantitative analyses of contractile proteins demonstrated elevated expressions in smooth muscle alpha-actin and myosin heavy chain in Pkd2(+/-) arteries, changes that likely contribute to the higher F(max). Similar to those in aortas, de-endothelialized Pkd2(+/-) resistance (fourth-order mesenteric) arteries responded to PE with a stronger contraction but a lesser [Ca(2+)](i) rise than in wt. Taken together, the arterial vasculature in Pkd2(+/-) mice exhibits an exaggerated contractile response and increased sensitivity to PE. An enhanced Ca(2+)-independent force generation and elevated contractile protein expression likely contribute to these abnormalities.
Impact of Atrioventricular Compliance on Pulmonary Artery Pressure in Mitral Stenosis
Authors: Ehud Schwammenthal, Zvi Vered, Oren Agranat, Elieser Kaplinsky, Babeth Rabinowitz, Micha S. Feinberg
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —The decay of the pressure gradient across a stenotic mitral valve is determined by the size of the orifice and net AV compliance (C n ). We have observed a group of symptomatic patients, usually in sinus rhythm, characterized by pulmonary hypertension (particularly during exercise) despite a relatively large mitral valve area by pressure half-time. We speculated that this discrepancy was due to low atrial compliance causing both pulmonary hypertension and a steep decay of the transmitral pressure gradient despite significant stenosis. We therefore tested the hypothesis that C n is an important physiological determinant of pulmonary artery pressure at rest and during exercise in mitral stenosis. Methods and Results —Twenty patients with mitral stenosis were examined by Doppler echocardiography. C n , calculated from the ratio of effective mitral valve area (continuity equation) and the E-wave downslope, ranged from 1.7 to 8.1 mL/mm Hg. Systolic pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) increased from 43±12 mm Hg at rest to 71±23 mm Hg (range, 40 to 110 mm Hg) during exercise. There was a particularly close correlation between C n and exercise PAP ( r =−0.85). Patients with a low compliance were more symptomatic ( P &lt;0.025). Catheter- and Doppler-derived values for C n , determined in 10 cases, correlated well ( r =0.79). Conclusions —C n , which can be noninvasively assessed, is an important physiological determinant of PAP in mitral stenosis. Patients with low C n represent an important clinical entity, with symptoms corresponding to severe increases in PAP during stress echocardiography.