tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Risk factors with acute sports injuries.
Authors: S. Sonne-Holm, C. H. Sørensen
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1980)

When examining more closely the risk factors in acute sports injuries it is a prerequisite to know the epidemiology.Previous studies may be divided into four groups according to the materials and methods used. 1. Hospital surveys have the advantage that all major injuries occurring within the hospital's area of admission will be registered.On the other hand, the estimation of the number of active athletes within the same area is often uncertain. 2. Investigations made by insurance companies are vitiated by selection bias, since the majority of insured athletes will be found among those top- performance athletes and among those participating in the types of sport that cause many injuries. Studies based on interviews of active or formerlyactive athletes are vitiated by the inaccuracies usually inherent in epidemiological investigations with a retrospective design.4. The ideal epidemiological study would be a continuous follow-up through several years of a randomly selected group of active athletes.
Accentuated response to phenylhydrazine and erythropoietin in mice genetically impaired for their GATA-1 expression (GATA-1low mice)
Authors: Alessandro Maria Vannucchi, Lucia Bianchi, Cristina Cellai, Francesco Paoletti, Valentina Carrai, Anna Calzolari, Lucia Centurione, Rodolfo Lorenzini, Claudio Carta, Elena Alfani, Massimo Sanchez, Giovanni Migliaccio, Anna Rita Migliaccio
Journal: Blood (2001)
Relationship Between Lifetime Ovulatory Cycles and Overexpression of Mutant p53 in 932 Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Authors: J. M. Schildkraut, E. Bastos, A. Berchuck
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1997)

Several lines of evidence have suggested a relationship between a woman's number of ovulatory cycles and the development of ovarian epithelial cancer. Repair of the ovarian surface after ovulation requires cellular proliferation, and spontaneous mutations arising during the DNA synthesis that accompanies this proliferation may play a role in carcinogenesis.We conducted a molecular epidemiologic study to test the hypothesis that a greater number of ovulatory cycles increases the risk of ovarian cancer by inducing proliferation-associated DNA damage. In particular, we examined the association between the lifetime number of ovulatory cycles and mutation of the p53 tumor-suppressor gene (also known as TP53) in ovarian tumors.Case-case and case-control analyses involving participants in the Cancer and Steroid Hormone study were used to examine the association between p53 gene mutation in ovarian tumors and the lifetime number of ovulatory cycles. The women in our study were 20-54 years of age and included 197 case patients with invasive ovarian epithelial cancer and 3363 control subjects. Mutation of the p53 gene was indicated by overexpression of p53 protein (i.e., cellular accumulation of mutant p53 protein) in paraffin-embedded ovarian cancer tissue blocks; the mutant protein was detected by means of standard immunohistochemical techniques. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by employing multivariate analyses, with the use of logistic regression. Reported P values are two-sided.Women whose cancers overexpressed p53 protein (p53 positive) had a greater mean number of lifetime ovulatory cycles (388 +/- 77.4 cycles [mean +/- standard deviation]) than women whose cancers did not overexpress p53 protein (p53 negative) (342 +/- 119.0 cycles) (P = .0025). Furthermore, women with p53-positive tumors were more likely to have had moderate (i.e., 235-375) or high (i.e., 376-533) numbers of ovulatory cycles than women with p53-negative tumors (age-adjusted ORs = 7.0 [95% CI = 1.6-30.5] and 7.7 [95% CI = 1.4-41.2], respectively) (< or = 234 cycles was the referent category). After controlling for age, menopausal status, and nulliparity, women with p53-positive tumors were found to be significantly more likely to have had moderate or high numbers of ovulatory cycles than control subjects (ORs = 4.3 [95% CI = 1.4-13.0] and 9.1 [95% CI = 2.7-30.9], respectively); the corresponding ORs for women with p53-negative tumors compared with control subjects were 0.6 (95% CI = 0.3-1.4) and 1.3 (95% CI = 0.5-3.2), respectively.A higher number of ovulatory cycles may be associated with increased amounts of proliferation-associated DNA damage and increased risk of developing p53-positive but not p53-negative epithelial ovarian cancer. Our results are consistent with more than one developmental pathway in the pathogenesis of this type of cancer.
Common Polymorphisms in the Prostaglandin Pathway Genes and Their Association with Breast Cancer Susceptibility and Survival
Authors: Jean E. Abraham, Patricia Harrington, Kristy E. Driver, Jonathan Tyrer, Douglas F. Easton, Alison M. Dunning, Paul D.P. Pharoah
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Purpose: There is evidence that genetic variation in the prostaglandin pathway affects cancer susceptibility and progression. Conflicting data from several studies exist for the association of PTGS2 (cyclooxygenase 2) polymorphisms with breast cancer risk. We investigated associations between common germ-line variations in seven genes in the prostaglandin pathway and breast cancer susceptibility and survival among women with invasive breast cancer in the SEARCH study. Experimental Design: DNA samples from 9,030 cases and controls were genotyped for 64 single nucleotide polymorphisms tagging known common variants (minor allele frequency &amp;gt; 0.05) in PTGS1, PTGS2, TBXAS1, PTGIS, PTGES, PTGDS, and PGDS with a two-stage case-control study design. Results: Four tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms showed modest association with breast cancer susceptibility. All four fit a recessive genetic model. Minor allele homozygotes for PTGISrs5602 [odds ratio (OR), 1.15; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.04-1.27; P = 0.005], PTGISrs8183919 (OR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.06-1.41; P = 0.006), and TBXASrs41727 (OR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.22-2.73; P = 0.003) are associated with an increased risk compared with common allele carriers. For PTGISrs44627 minor allele homozygotes (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.5-0.86; P = 0.002), a protective effect was observed. Conclusion: Specific PTGIS and TBXAS1 variants may affect breast cancer susceptibility, but common variants in PTGS1, PTGS2, PTGES, PTGDS, and PGDS have no major role in breast cancer susceptibility. None of the variants in the seven genes studied appear to affect survival. Further larger studies correlating clinical and genotypic data are required to establish if the clinical utility of prostaglandin-targeted therapies, as chemoprevention agents, is influenced by an individual's profile of genetic variants in key prostaglandin pathway genes.
Measurement of plasma 5-fluorouracil by high-performance liquid chromatography with comparison of results to tissue drug levels observed using in vivo 19F magnetic resonance spectroscopy in patients on a protracted venous infusion with or without interferon-α
Authors: M P Findlay, F Raynaud, D Cunningham, A Iveson, D J Collins, M O Leach
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1996)
Recommendations of the Polish Society of Sports Medicine on age criteria while qualifying children and youth for participation in various sports
Authors: Tomasz Kostka, Witold Furgal, Wojciech Gawroński, Andrzej Bugajski, Andrzej Czamara, Krzysztof Klukowski, Hubert Krysztofiak, Romuald Lewicki, Zbigniew Szyguła, Wiesław Tomaszewski, Tadeusz Trzaska, Jerzy Widuchowski, Andrzej Ziemba, Anna Jegier
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2011)

Systematic physical activity is a necessary element of normal development of a young human body. 1 2 From early childhood, people should participate in sports and recreational activities involving movement.However, organised and systematic learning of a given form of motor activity (physical training), particularly participa-
Evaluation of Polymethine Dyes as Potential Probes for Near Infrared Fluorescence Imaging of Tumors: Part - 1
Authors: Nadine S. James, Yihui Chen, Penny Joshi, Tymish Y. Ohulchanskyy, Manivannan Ethirajan, Maged Henary, Lucjan Strekowsk, Ravindra K Pandey
Journal: Theranostics (2013)

Near-infrared (NIR) organic dyes have become important for many biomedical applications, including in vivo optical imaging.Conjugation of NIR fluorescent dyes to photosensitizing molecules (photosensitizers) holds strong potential for NIR fluorescence image guided photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer.Therefore, we were interested in investigating the photophysical properties, in vivo tumor-affinity and fluorescence imaging potential of a series of heterocyclic polymethine dyes, which could then be conjugated to certain PDT agents.For our present study, we selected a series of symmetrical polymethine dyes containing a variety of bis-N-substituted indole or benzindole moieties linked by linear conjugation with and without a fused substituted cyclohexene ring.The N-alkyl side chain at the C-terminal position was functionalized with sulfonic, carboxylic acid, methyl ester or hydroxyl groups.Although, among the parent cyanine dyes investigated, the commercially available, cyanine dye IR783(3) (bis-indole-N-butylsulfonate)-polymethine dye with a cyclic chloro-cyclohexene moiety showed best fluorescence-imaging ability, based on its spectral properties (λ Abs =782 nm, λ Fl =810 nm, ε = 261,000 M -1 cm -1 , Φ Fl ≈0.08) and tumor affinity.In addition to 3, parent dyes IR820 and Cypate (6) were also selected and subjected to further modifications by introducing desired functional groups, which could enable further conjugation of the cyanine dyes to an effective photosensitizer HPPH developed in our laboratory.The synthesis and biological studies (tumor-imaging and PDT) of the resulting bifunctional conjugates are discussed in succeeding paper (Part-2 of this study).
Selective and efficient generation of functional Batf3-dependent CD103+ dendritic cells from mouse bone marrow
Authors: Christian Thomas Mayer, Peyman Ghorbani, Amrita Nandan, Markus Dudek, Catharina Arnold-Schrauf, Christina Hesse, Luciana Berod, Philipp Stüve, Franz Puttur, Miriam Merad, Tim Sparwasser
Journal: Blood (2014)
Id2 and Id3 Inhibit Development of Cd34+ Stem Cells into Predendritic Cell (Pre-Dc)2 but Not into Pre-Dc1
Authors: Hergen Spits, Franka Couwenberg, Arjen Q. Bakker, Kees Weijer, Christel H. Uittenbogaart
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2000)

We found previously that Id3, which inhibits transcriptional activities of many basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors, blocked T and B cell development but stimulated natural killer (NK) cell development. Here we report that ectopic expression of Id3 and another Id protein, Id2, strongly inhibited the development of primitive CD34+CD38− progenitor cells into CD123high dendritic cell (DC)2 precursors. In contrast, development of CD34+CD38− cells into CD4+CD14+ DC1 precursors and mature DC1 was not affected by ectopic Id2 or Id3 expression. These observations support the notion of a common origin of DC2 precursors, T and B cells. As Id proteins did not block development of NK cells, a model presents itself in which these proteins drive common lymphoid precursors to develop into NK cells by inhibiting their options to develop into T cells, B cells, and pre-DC2.
Effect of Varying Glycemic Index Meals on Blood Glucose Control Assessed With Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes on Basal-Bolus Insulin Regimens
Authors: Tonja R. Nansel, Lauren Gellar, Adrienne McGill
Journal: Diabetes Care (2008)

The purpose of this study was to test the effect of high glycemic index (HGI) and low glycemic index (LGI) meals on blood glucose levels using continuous blood glucose monitoring in youths with type 1 diabetes.A total of 20 youths on basal-bolus regimens consumed macronutrient-matched HGI and LGI meals 1 day each in a controlled setting in varying order following consumption of a standardized evening meal. Medtronic MiniMed Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems were used to assess blood glucose (BG) profiles.Participants demonstrated significantly lower daytime mean BG, BG area >180 mg/dl, and high BG index when consuming LGI meals but no differences for daytime BG area <70 mg/dl, daytime low BG index, or any nighttime values. Significantly more BG values <80 mg/dl were treated on LGI days.Findings indicate that consumption of an LGI diet may reduce glucose excursions, improving glycemic control.
RECOMMENDED DIETARY ALLOWANCES FOR EUROPE
Authors: J.G.A.J. Hautvast, C. Baya, G.G.De Backer, J.V.G.A. Durnin, S. Ghione, J-Å. Gustafsson, C. Leitzmann, A. Trichopoulou, J.A.Amorim Cruz, P. Ducimetière, J. Faivre, M.J. Gibney, F. Haschke, M. Schroll, G. Varela
Journal: The Lancet (1989)
Use of newer prognostic indices for patients with myelodysplastic syndromes in the low and intermediate-1 risk categories: a population-based study
Authors: David Valcárcel, Guillermo Sanz, Margarita Ortega, Benet Nomdedeu, Elisa Luño, María Diez-Campelo, María Teresa Ardanaz, Carmen Pedro, Julía Montoro, Rosa Collado, Rafa Andreu, Victor Marco, María Teresa Cedena, Raquel de Paz, Mar Tormo, Blanca Xicoy, Fernando Ramos, Joan Bargay, Bernardo Gonzalez, Salut Brunet, Juan Antonio Muñoz, Valle Gomez, Alicia Bailén, Joaquin Sanchez, Brayan Merchán, Consuelo del Cañizo, Teresa Vallespí
Journal: The Lancet Haematology (2015)
Hierarchical Patterns of Global Human Y-Chromosome Diversity
Authors: M F Hammer, T M Karafet, A J Redd, H Jarjanazi, S Santachiara-Benerecetti, H Soodyall, S L Zegura
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2001)

We examined 43 biallelic polymorphisms on the nonrecombining portion of the Y chromosome (NRY) in 50 human populations encompassing a total of 2,858 males to study the geographic structure of Y-chromosome variation. Patterns of NRY diversity varied according to geographic region and method/level of comparison. For example, populations from Central Asia had the highest levels of heterozygosity, while African populations exhibited a higher level of mean pairwise differences among haplotypes. At the global level, 36% of the total variance of NRY haplotypes was attributable to differences among populations (i.e., Phi(ST) = 0.36). When a series of AMOVA analyses was performed on different groupings of the 50 populations, high levels of among-groups variance (Phi(CT)) were found between Africans, Native Americans, and a single group containing all 36 remaining populations. The same three population groupings formed distinct clusters in multidimensional scaling plots. A nested cladistic analysis (NCA) demonstrated that both population structure processes (recurrent gene flow restricted by isolation by distance and long-distance dispersals) and population history events (contiguous range expansions and long-distance colonizations) were instrumental in explaining this tripartite division of global NRY diversity. As in our previous analyses of smaller NRY data sets, the NCA detected a global contiguous range expansion out of Africa at the level of the total cladogram. Our new results support a general scenario in which, after an early out-of-Africa range expansion, global-scale patterns of NRY variation were mainly influenced by migrations out of Asia. Two other notable findings of the NCA were (1) Europe as a "receiver" of intercontinental signals primarily from Asia, and (2) the large number of intracontinental signals within Africa. Our AMOVA analyses also supported the hypothesis that patrilocality effects are evident at local and regional scales, rather than at intercontinental and global levels. Finally, our results underscore the importance of subdivision of the human paternal gene pool and imply that caution should be exercised when using models and experimental strategies based on the assumption of panmixia.
Effects of Carbon Ion Beam on Putative Colon Cancer Stem Cells and Its Comparison with X-rays
Authors: Xing Cui, Kazuhiko Oonishi, Hirohiko Tsujii, Takeshi Yasuda, Yoshitaka Matsumoto, Yoshiya Furusawa, Makoto Akashi, Tadashi Kamada, Ryuichi Okayasu
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Although carbon ion therapy facilities are expensive, the biological effects of carbon ion beam treatment may be better against cancer (and cancer stem cells) than the effects of a photon beam. To investigate whether a carbon ion beam may have a biological advantage over X-rays by targeting cancer stem-like cells, human colon cancer cells were used in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro relative biological effectiveness (RBE) values of a carbon ion beam relative to X-rays at the D10 values were from 1.63 to 1.74. Cancer stem-like CD133(+), CD44(+)/ESA(+) cells had a greater ability for colony and spheroid formation, as well as in vivo tumorigenicity compared with the CD133(-), CD44(-)/ESA(-) cells. FACS (fluorescence-activated cell sorting) data showed that cancer stem-like cells were more highly enriched after irradiation with X-rays than carbon ion at doses that produced the same level of biological efficacy. A colony assay for cancer stem-like cells showed that RBE values calculated by the D10 levels were from 2.05 to 2.28 for the carbon ion beam relative to X-rays. The in vivo xenotransplant assay showed an RBE of 3.05 to 3.25, calculated from the slope of the dose-response curve for tumor growth suppression. Carbon ion irradiation with 15 Gy induced more severe xenograft tumor cell cavitation and fibrosis without significant enhancement of cells with putative cancer stem cell markers, CD133, ESA, and CD44, compared with 30 Gy X-rays, and marker positive cells were significantly decreased following 30 Gy carbon ion irradiation. Taken together, carbon ion beam therapy may have an advantage over photon beam therapy by improved targeting of putative colon cancer stem-like cells.
Decreased expression of B cell related genes in leukocytes of women with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Merav Kedmi, Anat Bar-Shira, Tanya Gurevich, Nir Giladi, Avi Orr-Urtreger
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2011)

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex disorder caused by genetic, environmental and age-related factors, and it is more prevalent in men. We aimed to identify differentially expressed genes in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) that might be involved in PD pathogenesis. Transcriptomes of 30 female PD-patients and 29 age- and sex-matched controls were profiled using GeneChip Human Exon 1.0 ST Arrays. Samples were from unrelated Ashkenazi individuals, non-carriers of LRRK2 G2019S or GBA founder mutations.Differential expression was detected in 115 genes (206 exons), with over-representation of immune response annotations. Thirty genes were related to B cell functions, including the uniquely B cell-expressed IGHM and IGHD, the B cell surface molecules CD19, CD22 and CD79A, and the B cell gene regulator, PAX5. Quantitative-RT-PCR confirmation of these 6 genes in 79 individuals demonstrated decreased expression, mainly in women patients, independent of PD-pharmacotherapy status.Our results suggest that the down regulation of genes related to B cell activity reflect the involvement of these cells in PD in Ashkenazi individuals and represents a molecular aspect of gender-specificity in PD.
Endothelial Progenitor Cells Bind and Inhibit Platelet Function and Thrombus Formation
Authors: Haissam Abou-Saleh, Daniel Yacoub, Jean-François Théorêt, Marc-Antoine Gillis, Paul-Eduard Neagoe, Benoit Labarthe, Pierre Théroux, Martin G. Sirois, Maryam Tabrizian, Eric Thorin, Yahye Merhi
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Interactions of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) with vascular and blood cells contribute to vascular homeostasis. Although platelets promote the homing of EPCs to sites of vascular injury and their differentiation into endothelial cells, the functional consequences of such interactions on platelets remain unknown. Herein, we addressed the interactions between EPCs and platelets and their impact on platelet function and thrombus formation.Cultured on fibronectin in conditioned media, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells differentiated, within 10 days of culture, into EPCs, which uptake acetylated low-density lipoprotein, bind ulex-lectin, lack monocyte/leukocyte markers (CD14, P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1, L-selectin), express progenitor/endothelial markers (CD34, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2, von Willebrand factor, and vascular endothelial cadherin), and proliferate in culture. These EPCs bound activated platelets via CD62P and inhibited its translocation, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa activation, aggregation, and adhesion to collagen, mainly via prostacyclin secretion. Indeed, this was associated with upregulation of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase. However, the effects on platelets in vitro were reversed by cyclooxygenase and cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition but not by nitric oxide or inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibition. Moreover, in a ferric chloride-induced murine arterial thrombosis model, injection of EPCs led to their incorporation into sites of injury and impaired thrombus formation, leading to an incomplete occlusion with 50% residual flow.Peripheral blood mononuclear cell-derived EPCs bind platelets via CD62P and inhibit platelet activation, aggregation, adhesion to collagen, and thrombus formation, predominantly via upregulation of cyclooxygenase-2 and secretion of prostacyclin. These findings add new insights into the biology of EPCs and define their potential roles in regulating platelet function and thrombosis.
The economic impact of preschool asthma and wheeze
Authors: C.A. Stevens, D. Turner, C.E. Kuehni, J.M. Couriel, M. Silverman
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2003)

The aim of the present study was to determine the economic impact in the UK of wheezing disorders in preschool children. Health, societal and family-borne costs were calculated for a sample of 94 preschool children who attended hospital with a primary diagnosis of wheeze or asthma during 1998/1999. Sample costs were calculated using data from a structured interview schedule and from symptom diaries completed by trial parents, patients' general practice and hospital records, and hospital finance data. Health costs for 1–5-yr-olds inthe UK were calculated using data from a postal population survey in the same region. It is estimated that 1–5-yr-old children with wheeze in the UK cost the health service a total of 53 million UK pounds (GBP). The greatest expenditure, 34 million GBP, was for primary care, representing 65.2% of total healthcare costs. Prescription costs represented 20.4% (11 million GBP) of total healthcare costs. Caring for preschool children with wheeze in the UK cost the health service 0.15% of its total budget in 1998/1999. The total costs to society of caring for the 0.88% of preschool children who attended hospital for asthma or wheeze in a year represented a further 2.6 million UK pounds. Primary prevention strategies at the population level promise more cost savings than any attempt at decreasing hospitalisations in those more severely ill.
Prenatal Diagnosis of Down's Syndrome
Authors: Norman Fost
Journal: JAMA (1979)

There are now sufficient data on the safety and accuracy of prenatal diagnosis of Down's syndrome to state that the procedure is no longer experimental and can be considered standard care for women in specified risk groups.<sup>1</sup>A court in New York state recently concluded that a physician may be considered negligent for not advising a 37-year-old pregnant woman of these facts.<sup>2</sup>These realities will undoubtedly stimulate a rapid increase in demand for the procedure, especially since use of such services is now less than 5% among women who are at clearly increased risk.<sup>1</sup> There will continue to be disagreement about some of the ethical issues at stake, particularly regarding abortion and the eugenic implications of labeling a genetically distinct group of persons as inferior. While consensus on these matters cannot be expected in the foreseeable future, there are other ethical and social issues about which most