tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Selective ETA Receptor Antagonism with ABT-627 Attenuates All Renal Effects of Endothelin in Humans
Authors: MARINA L. H. HONING, MICHEL L. HIJMERING, DAVID E. BALLARD, YONGHONG P. YANG, ROBERT J. PADLEY, PAUL J. MORRISON, TON J. RABELINK
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2000)

Abstract. Endothelin (ET-1) acts as a potent vasoconstrictor in the human kidney, and this vasoconstriction could contribute to the ischemia seen in acute renal failure. In animal studies, the vasoactive properties of ET-1 are known to be ET A receptor-and/or ET B receptor-mediated; however, the receptor subtype involved in the human kidney remains to be defined. In a phase I, single-center, double-blind, randomized, three-period, crossover design, the effects of orally administered ABT-627, a selective ET A receptor antagonist, on renal hemodynamics during ET-1 infusion were evaluated. Two doses of ABT-627 (5 and 20 mg) were compared with placebo and nifedipine. For each dose level of ABT-627, a cohort of nine subjects was studied. A para-aminohippuric acid/inulin clearance test was performed once at the end of each 7-d treatment period. Infusion of ET-1 significantly decreased effective renal plasma flow, GFR, sodium excretion, and urine flow. Pretreatment with 20 mg of ABT-627 significantly decreased mean arterial pressure. In constrast, 7 d of treatment with both doses of ABT-627 did not affect baseline renal parameters. However, because mean arterial pressure decreased, a tendency toward a reduction of renal vascular resistance could indeed be demonstrated. Compared with placebo, both doses of ABT-627 were equally effective in blocking all renal effects caused by ET-1 infusion. In the model of exogenous ET-1 infusion, ABT-627 had a tendency to prevent ET-1-induced renal changes more effectively compared with nifedipine. The contribution of endogenous ET-1 and the ET A receptor in maintaining basal renal vascular tone in the human kidney is small. In addition, compared with placebo, selective ET A receptor antagonism with both doses of ABT-627 completely prevented all renal changes caused by ET-1 infusion.
Exposure-Response Relationship to Assess the Risk of Neutropenia in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) Treated with Tivantinib
Authors: H. Zahir, H. Kastrissios, T. Carothers, M. Jansen, R. Savage, G. Abbadessa, F. Chai, B. Schwartz, R. Miller, T. Tokui
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
Biweekly paclitaxel and cisplatin in patients with advanced head and neck carcinoma
Authors: L Licitra, G Capri, F Fulfaro, C Grandi, E Tarenzi, R Cavina, L Gianni
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1997)

Cisplatin is an active drug in head and neck cancer. Paclitaxel seems a promising drug. This article reports a phase II assessment of the combination of the two.Twenty-three patients were treated with paclitaxel 90 mg/m2 over three hours plus cisplatin 60 mg/m2 every other week. Sixteen patients had locoregional disease and seven had metastatic disease. None of the patients had previously been treated with chemotherapy. Nine patients had had radiotherapy to the target lesions.One patient was not evaluable for response. Partial responses were observed in 32% of evaluable patients. Toxicity included asthenia (56%), neutropenia, peripheral neuropathy, anemia and vomiting.The overall response rate observed in this study does not seem to justify the use of this chemotherapy regimen in the palliative setting.
Peritoneal dialysis fluid inhibition of phagocyte function
Authors: T Liberek, N Topley, A Jörres, G A Coles, G M Gahl, J D Williams
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1993)

Solutions were formulated to examine, independently, the roles of osmolality and glucose in the reduction of viability and inhibition of phagocyte function by dextrose-containing peritoneal dialysis fluids. The exposure of neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocytes) to test fluids containing > or = 2.7% (wt/vol) glucose resulted in significant cytotoxicity as assessed by the release of lactate dehydrogenase above control values (7.12 +/- 2.65%). At the highest concentration of glucose (4.5%), lactate dehydrogenase release was 15.83 +/- 0.49% (P < 0.05). These effects were directly related to the presence of D-glucose in the test fluids. In contrast, phagocytosis and the release of leukotriene B4 from PMN stimulated with serum-treated zymosan were significantly inhibited in an osmolality-, but not glucose-, dependent manner. The inhibition of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6 release from mononuclear leukocytes was inhibited by a combination of osmolality and monosaccharide concentration. Under the same conditions, PMN respiratory burst activation remained unaffected irrespective of glucose concentration or fluid osmolality. These data indicate that, in addition to the low pH of peritoneal dialysis fluid and its high lactate concentration, its glucose content (either directly or as a consequence of the resulting hyperosmolality of the fluid) inhibits cell functional parameters. These findings suggest clinically significant inhibition of host defense mechanisms because, in high-glucose dialysis fluids, osmolality does not reach physiologic values, even during extended intraperitoneal dwell periods.
Ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast
Authors: H M Bishop, M G Wallis, M. J Silverstein
Journal: BMJ (1999)

# Has author carried out an audit? {#article-title-2} EDITOR—We were interested in Silverstein's review on ductal carcinoma in situ.1 He states that he performs mammography every 6 months on the ipsilateral breast and every year on the contralateral breast. Has he been able to audit the usefulness of this practice—namely, how many times has the mammogram predated the development of clinical recurrence? 1. ↵1. Silverstein MJ .Ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast.BMJ1998;317: 734–739[Free Full Text]. (12 September.) [OpenUrl][1][FREE Full Text][2] # Author's reply {#article-title-4} EDITOR—I thank Bishop and Wallis for inquiring about the value of ipsilateral mammography every 6 months in patients with ductal carcinoma in situ treated with breast preservation. To my knowledge there are … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DBMJ%26rft.stitle%253DBMJ%26rft.issn%253D0007-1447%26rft.aulast%253DSilverstein%26rft.auinit1%253DM.%2BJ%26rft.volume%253D317%26rft.issue%253D7160%26rft.spage%253D734%26rft.epage%253D739%26rft.atitle%253DFortnightly%2Breview%253A%2BDuctal%2Bcarcinoma%2Bin%2Bsitu%2Bof%2Bthe%2Bbreast%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F9732345%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/ijlink?linkType=FULL&journalCode=bmj&resid=317/7160/734&atom=%2Fbmj%2F318%2F7188%2F937.1.atom
Properties of the Na+-H+ exchanger in renal microvillus membrane vesicles
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2001)

Am. J. Physiol. 238 (Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. 7): F461-F469, 1980.-Transport of Na +  and H +  was evaluated in brush border membrane vesicles isolated from the rabbit renal cortex. Na +  transport was assayed by a rapid filtration technique; H +  transport was monitored with 5,5-dimethoxazolidine-2,4-dione by flow dialysis. Uphill Na +  uptake was induced by imposition of an in > out H +  gradient, and uphill H +  efflux by imposition of an out > in Na +  gradient, consistent with the action of a Na + -H +  exchanger. The uptake of Na +  was electroneutral either in the presence or absence of a H +  gradient, indicating a fixed 1:1 stoichiometry for the exchange process. Na +  transport was saturable and inhibited by Li +  and NH 4  +  but not by K + , Rb + , Cs + , or choline. Uphill H +  efflux was induced by imposition of an out > in Li +  gradient. Neither the uptake of Na +  nor H +  efflux were influenced by out > in gradients of Cl -  compared to gradients of SCN -  or SO 4  2- . If transport systems mediating Na + -Cl -  co-transport and/or Cl - -OH -  exchange are present in the microvillus membrane, their respective rates must be slow compared to the rate of Na + -H +  exchange. Transport of Na +  was inhibited by harmaline and amiloride, but not by acetazolamide, furosemide, or 4-acetamido-4'-isothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonate. We conclude that isolated renal microvillus membranes contain a tightly coupled Na + -H +  exchanger that may play an important role in proximal tubular acidification.
WITHDRAWN: Co-aggregation of curcumin loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres with pancreatic islet cells into heterospheroids; strategy to deliver drug in the microenvironment of islets of Langerhans
Authors: Shiva Pathak, Biki Gupta, Shobha Regmi, Pham Thanh Tung, Chul Soon Yong, Jong Oh Kim, Jee-Heon Jeong
Journal: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2015)

This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy.
Perfusion Scintigraphy with Integrated Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography/Computed Tomography in the Management of Transarterial Treatment of Hepatic Malignancies
Authors: Timm Denecke, Bert Hildebrandt, Enrique Lopez-Hänninen
Journal: Liver Cancer (2009)

During the recent years it has been shown that transarterial applications of anticancer agents are promising approaches in the treatment of hepatic malignancies. While new techniques led to a reappraisal of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) over implanted port systems, there has also been a growing interest in the use of transarterial radioembolization (RE). The concept of transarterial regional oncologic treatment of hepatic malignancies presupposes that the entire liver can be exclusively treated over the supplying arteries. Several imaging modalities are in use for prediction and control of per-fusion territories of intraarterial catheters. Besides digital subtraction angiography (DSA), computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), scin-tigraphic imaging is being employed to visualize the intrahepatic perfusion pattern, to exclude extrahepatic perfusion, and to assess an intrahepatic arteriovenous shunting to the lung. In the following, the current status of HAIC and RE in cancer therapy, the application techniques and the use of different imaging modalities, especially single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and SPECT with integrated computed tomography (SPECT-CT), for planning and control of treatment will be discussed.
Multiple breath washouts in children can be shortened without compromising quality
Authors: Fatima Ahmad, Samantha Irving, Eric Alton, Jane C. Davies, Kenneth Macleod, Mark Rosenthal, Clare Saunders, Andrew Bush, Sejal Saglani, Louise Fleming
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2015)

Lung clearance index (LCI) derived from multiple breath washout (MBW) is a sensitive, noninvasive measure of ventilation heterogeneity and is used for the assessment of cystic fibrosis (CF) [1], asthma [1] and primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) [2]. LCI is the number of lung turnovers (functional residual capacity (FRC)) required to washout an inhaled inert gas to 1/40 of its initial concentration: a historically set end-point of no physiological significance [3]. The number of lung turnovers needed to wash out the gas, and hence the LCI, increases with disease severity. It is non-effort-dependent and requires only passive cooperation. The test can be time-consuming, especially with severe airway obstruction as more time is required to wash out the tracer gas. This is a particular problem in young children, in whom a test lasting several minutes is intolerable. This could be shortened by stopping the test at a higher concentration of tracer gas. We propose that instead of 1/40 of the initial concentration being used as an end-point (“LCI standard” (LCIstd)), the concentration could be raised to 1/30 (LCI0.75), 1/20 (LCI0.5) or 1/10 (LCI0.25) of the starting concentration of tracer gas, or using a fixed time period of washout, for example 20 s, or a fixed number of breaths. Shortened LCI is quicker to perform with no loss of measurement quality and could be used in young children <http://ow.ly/SyC5a>
Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis Does Not Affect Ultrasonographical, Cytological, and Histopathological Features in Patients with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Husniye Baser, Didem Ozdemir, Neslihan Cuhaci, Cevdet Aydin, Reyhan Ersoy, Aydan Kilicarslan, Bekir Cakir
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2015)
Variances of the average numbers of nucleotide substitutions within and between populations.
Authors: M Nei, L Jin
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1989)

Statistical methods for computing the variances of nucleotide diversity within populations and of nucleotide divergence between populations are developed. Both variances are computed by finding the phylogenetic relationships of the DNA sequences studied through the unweighted pair-group method or some other tree-making method. The methods developed are applicable to both DNA sequence and restriction-site map data.
Hematologic Malignancies in Pregnancy: Management Guidelines From an International Consensus Meeting
Authors: Michael Lishner, Irit Avivi, Jane F. Apperley, Daan Dierickx, Andrew M. Evens, Monica Fumagalli, Irena Nulman, Fuat S. Oduncu, Fedro Alessandro Peccatori, Susan Robinson, Kristel Van Calsteren, Tineke Vandenbroucke, Frank Van den Heuvel, Frederic Amant
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

Purpose The incidence of hematologic malignancies during pregnancy is 0.02%. However, this figure is increasing, as women delay conception until a later age. Systemic symptoms attributed to the development of a hematologic cancer may overlap with physiologic changes of pregnancy. A favorable prognosis is contingent upon early diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, a high index of suspicion is required by health care providers. Although timely, accurate diagnosis followed by appropriate staging is essential and should not be delayed due to pregnancy, management guidelines are lacking due to insufficient evidence-based research. Consequently, treatment is delayed, posing significant risks to maternal and fetal health, and potential pregnancy termination. This report provides guidelines for clinical management of hematologic cancers during the perinatal period, which were developed by a multidisciplinary team including an experienced hematologist/oncologist, a high-risk obstetrics specialist, a neonatologist, and experienced nurses, social workers, and psychologists. Methods These guidelines were developed by experts in the field during the first International Consensus Meeting of Prenatal Hematologic Malignancies, which took place in Leuven, Belgium, on May 23, 2014. Results and Conclusion This consensus summary equips health care professionals with novel diagnostic and treatment methodologies that aim for optimal treatment of the mother, while protecting fetal and pediatric health.
Failure To Confirm Evidence for a Nonvirion Tumor-Specific Surface Antigen in Avian Retrovirus-Transformed Cells&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: E R Phillips, J F Perdue
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

Triton X-100 or Nonidet P40-deoxycholate extracts of [3H]fucose-labeled Rous sarcoma virus-transformed chick embryo fibroblasts were examined by indirect immunoprecipitation for the presence of a tumor-specific neoantigen of 100,000 daltons. Extracts were incubated with immune IgG from Rous tumor-sensitized chickens, and the resultant antigen-antibody complexes were precipitated with rabbit antichicken IgG and analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Radioactivity appeared between the migration positions of proteins having molecular weights of 65,000 and 95,000 daltons and at about 30,000 daltons. These antigens were group-specific, and thei precipitation could be inhibited by competition with extracts from cultured fibroblasts that had been infected with a nontransforming avian leukosis virus. They were not precipitated with IgG from unimmunized chickens or chickens immunized with the culture supernatants of uninfected chick embryo fibroblasts. In contrast to results reported recently, the present results could not confirm by immunoprecipitation, the existence of a tumor neoantigen different from that associated with viral components. However, the tumor-specific antigen possibly existed on the cell surface but was not preserved in these detergent extracts.
Multispectral imaging and objective assessment of immune-tumor interactions in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Carmen Ballesteros-Merino, Michael Neuberger, Zipei Feng, Rudolf Maria Huber, Julia Stump, Amanda Tufman, Rudolf Hatz, Michael Linder, Rachel Sanborn, Sanaa Hussain, John R Handy, Walter Urba, Bernard Fox, Carlo Bifulco, Simone Reu, Hauke Winter
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2015)

Meeting abstracts Lung cancer is currently the most common cause of cancer-related death in the world and approximately 85% of all lung cancers are non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Previous studies have shown that patients with NSCLC containing high densities of CD8+ memory T cells have a
Vitamin D levels are inversely proportional to the “common cold”
Authors: W Thomas, R Quadery
Journal: Thorax (2009)

The role of vitamin D in bone metabolism and associated pathology is well established. This paper is the first high-powered population study to demonstrate an inverse relationship between vitamin D levels and recent upper respiratory tract infection (URTI). Vitamin D levels were measured in 18 883 participants in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in the USA and they were …
Perioperative Anemia
Authors: Daniela Calderaro, Danielle Menosi Gualandro, Bruno Caramelli
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2015)

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Transcriptome analysis of GVHD reveals aurora kinase A as a targetable pathway for disease prevention
Authors: Scott N. Furlan, Benjamin Watkins, Victor Tkachev, Ryan Flynn, Sarah Cooley, Swetha Ramakrishnan, Karnail Singh, Cindy Giver, Kelly Hamby, Linda Stempora, Aneesah Garrett, Jingyang Chen, Kayla M. Betz, Carly G. K. Ziegler, Gregory K. Tharp, Steven E. Bosinger, Daniel E. L. Promislow, Jeffrey S. Miller, Edmund K. Waller, Bruce R. Blazar, Leslie S. Kean
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2015)

Transcriptomic profiling of primate T cells during acute graft-versus-host disease reveals signaling pathways that when inhibited, ameliorate disease.
Prospective Validation of Patient Neurotoxicity Questionnaire (PNQ) for Assessment of Oxaliplatin Neurotoxicty: CSP-HOR 16
Authors: T. Amano, Y. Shimada, T. Nishina, K. Shinozaki, T. Esaki, Y. Komatsu, H. Akita, K. Shimozuma, Y. Ohashi, F.H. Hausheer
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
Engineering Values Into Genetic Engineering: A Proposed Analytic Framework for Scientific Social Responsibility
Authors: Pamela L. Sankar, Mildred K. Cho
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2015)

Recent experiments have been used to "edit" genomes of various plant, animal and other species, including humans, with unprecedented precision. Furthermore, editing the Cas9 endonuclease gene with a gene encoding the desired guide RNA into an organism, adjacent to an altered gene, could create a "gene drive" that could spread a trait through an entire population of organisms. These experiments represent advances along a spectrum of technological abilities that genetic engineers have been working on since the advent of recombinant DNA techniques. The scientific and bioethics communities have built substantial literatures about the ethical and policy implications of genetic engineering, especially in the age of bioterrorism. However, recent CRISPr/Cas experiments have triggered a rehashing of previous policy discussions, suggesting that the scientific community requires guidance on how to think about social responsibility. We propose a framework to enable analysis of social responsibility, using two examples of genetic engineering experiments.