tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Genomic Characterization of Renal Cell Carcinoma with Sarcomatoid Dedifferentiation Pinpoints Recurrent Genomic Alterations
Authors: Gabriel G. Malouf, Siraj M. Ali, Kai Wang, Sohail Balasubramanian, Jeffrey S. Ross, Vincent A. Miller, Philip J. Stephens, David Khayat, Sumanta K. Pal, Xiaoping Su, Kanishka Sircar, Pheroze Tamboli, Eric Jonasch, Nizar M. Tannir, Christopher G. Wood, Jose A. Karam
Journal: European Urology (2016)
Clinical academics worry that their interests are ignored
Authors: Roger Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Clinical academics concerned that they may lose out in the proposed new deal for NHS consultants have nothing to fear—at least so far—according to Dr Colin Smith, chairman of the BMA's Medical Academic Staff Committee.

The government's proposed new deal for consultants includes increasing the starting salary by £10 000 ($15 000), to £60 000 and gears pay to commitment to the NHS. Consultants would have to work exclusively for the NHS for seven years after qualification. After that they would be allowed to pursue private practice as well as NHS work, …
The Four-Arm Cooperative Study (FACS) for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): A subgroup analysis in elderly patients (pts)
Authors: K. Goto, Y. Nishiwaki, N. Saijo, K. Takeda, N. Katakami, S. Kudoh, Y. Ichinose, Y. Ohashi, Y. Ariyoshi, M. Fukuoka
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

7115 Background: Efficacy and safety in fit, elderly NSCLC pts receiving platinum-based treatment have been reported to be similar to those in younger pts. However, there is controversy about which platinum-based regimens are suitable for the elderly. To compare efficacy and safety of platinum-based chemotherapy regimens in the elderly, we conducted an age specific subgroup analysis on FACS, a phase III randomized trial comparing four platinum-based regimens for advanced NSCLC. Methods: FACS was designed to compare three platinum-based combination regimens to cisplatin (80 mg/m 2 , day 1) plus irinotecan (60 mg/m 2 , days 1, 8, 15) (IP) as the reference arm. The experimental regimens were: carboplatin (AUC 6, day 1) plus paclitaxel (200 mg/m 2 , day 1) (TC); cisplatin (80 mg/m 2 , day 1) plus gemcitabine (1000 mg/m 2 , days 1, 8) (GP); cisplatin (80 mg/m 2 , day 1) plus vinorelbine (25 mg/m 2 , days 1,8) (NP). Results: Of the 105 pts ≥ 70 years (17% of 602 enrolled pts), 27 were on the IP arm, 27 on TC, 28 on GP, and 22 on NP. Patient characteristics were similar in each arm. Response rates were 26% in IP, 20% in TC, 32% in GP, 50% in NP. Frequency of grade 3 or greater leukocytopenia (IP/TC/GP/NP: 52%/33%/36%/86%) was higher in NP, and thrombocytopenia (IP/TC/GP/NP: 11%/19%/43%/0%) was higher in GP, however anemia (IP/TC/GP/NP: 56%/19%/29%/55%) was lower in TC and GP. Frequency of grade 2 or greater vomiting (IP/TC/GP/NP: 52%/22%/39%/41%) was lower in TC, and diarrhea (IP/TC/GP/NP: 48%/7%/4%/14%) was lower in TC, GP and NP, however, grade 2 or greater sensory neuropathy (IP/TC/GP/NP: 0%/22%/0%/0%) was higher in TC. One year survival rates were 48% for the IP arm, 48% for TC, 61% for GP, and 46% for NP. There were no significant survival differences between IP and each experimental regimen. In addition, no significant differences between ≥ 70 and &lt; 70 years were observed in each treatment regimen regarding hematological and non-hematological toxicities, response rates, and survival, except that grade 3 or greater anemia was significantly higher in ≥ 70 years pts in IP and NP arms. Conclusions: These platinum-based four regimens were similarly active and tolerable for fit, elderly NSCLC pts, and their efficacy and toxicity in the elderly were similar to those in younger pts. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
When Children Become Adults: Should Biobanks Re-Contact?
Authors: Noor A. A. Giesbertz, Annelien L. Bredenoord, Johannes J. M. van Delden
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2016)

Points• Children's samples are usually included with parental permission, and there is no clear guidance on whether participants should be re-contacted at maturity to obtain their permission for the continued use of their samples.• Respect for autonomy and protection of privacy are important arguments in favor of recontacting participants at maturity.• There are four re-contact policy designs that could be considered, ranging from a thin opt-out policy (participants can withdraw their samples, but the biobank does not recontact the participant) to a strict opt-in (samples will be destroyed when participants do not give their consent).• We suggest that biobanks adopt a thick opt-out as the default re-contact policy, which means that biobanks re-contact children at maturity and give them the opportunity to withdraw their samples.
Genetically Engineered Virus Nanofibers as an Efficient Vaccine for Preventing Fungal Infection
Authors: Yanyan Huai, Shuai Dong, Ye Zhu, Xin Li, Binrui Cao, Xiang Gao, Mingying Yang, Li Wang, Chuanbin Mao
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2016)

Candida albicans (CA) is a kind of fungus that can cause high morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. However, preventing CA infection in these patients is still a daunting challenge. Herein, inspired from the fact that immunization with secreted aspartyl proteinases 2 (Sap2) can prevent the infection, it is proposed to use filamentous phage, a human‐safe virus nanofiber specifically infecting bacteria (≈900 nm long and 7 nm wide), to display an epitope peptide of Sap2 (EPS, with a sequence of Val–Lys–Tyr–Thr–Ser) on its side wall and thus serve as a vaccine for preventing CA infection. The engineered virus nanofibers and recombinant Sap2 (rSap2) are then separately used to immunize mice. The humoral and cellular immune responses in the immunized mice are evaluated. Surprisingly, the virus nanofibers significantly induce mice to produce strong immune response as rSap2 and generate antibodies that can bind Sap2 and CA to inhibit the CA infection. Consequently, immunization with the virus nanofibers in mice dramatically increases the survival rate of CA‐infected mice. All these results, along with the fact that the virus nanofibers can be mass‐produced by infecting bacteria cost‐effectively, suggest that virus nanofibers displaying EPS can be a vaccine candidate against fungal infection.
Abstract 11320: Arterial Stiffness Among Patients With Metabolic Syndrome: Sugar Makes the Difference
Authors: Panagiota Pietri, Charalambos Vlachopoulos, Nikolaos Ioakeimidis, Alexandros Synodinos, Mahmoud Abdelrasoul, Panagiotis Xaplanteris, Dimitris Terentes-Printzios, Nikolaos Alexopoulos, Christodoulos Stefanadis
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction. Metabolic syndrome (MS) is associated with adverse cardiovascular events, although its incremental prognostic value, over and beyond the clustering risk factors, has been questioned. ...
SC-1, a human antibody for treatment of gastric carcinomas (GCs) - Results of a multi-ethnic expression study of the SC-1 antigen
Authors: H. P. Vollmers, M. Eck, S. Brandlein, H. Muller-Hermelink, F. Hensel, S. Urlinger, R. Vinson, D. Coquoz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

4070 Background: The human IgM antibody SC-1 binds to CD55SC-1, which is exclusively expressed on the surface of GC cells. After binding to CD55SC-1, SC-1 induces tumor specific apoptosis of GC cells in vitro and in vivo. In an academic Phase I/II trial in 51 patients with GC, SC-1 was shown to induce apoptosis and regressive effects on primary tumors. SC-1 was well tolerated and survival is higher for treated CD55SC-1positive patients as compared to CD55SC-1negative non-treated patients. In order to assess the overall proportion of GCs expressing CD55SC-1, the following study was conducted using tumor samples from patients of various ethnic groups. Lymph node metastases were also examined for CD55SC-1expression. Methods: Over 500 paraffin-fixed tissue sections from primary tumors, biopsies, and lymph node metastases from GC patients of different ethnic groups (African-American, Caucasian, Hispanic, Japanese, Asian-American, Korean) were examined by immunohistochemical staining using SC-1. All sections were examined for SC-1 staining intensity and the number of SC-1 positive cells. A score was calculated based on the percentage of positive tumor cells and staining intensity. Results: CD55SC-1 expression is found in all ethnic groups. Over 60% of tested GCs (either from diffuse or intestinal type) were reactive with the SC-1 antibody. CD55SC-1 expression on GCs ranged from 50% to 84% among the different ethnic groups analysed; over 95% of lymph node metastases were also positive for CD55SC-1. Conclusions: A large percentage of GC patients worldwide may be potential candidates for treatment with the human anti-cancer antibody SC-1, as the corresponding antigen CD55SC-1 is expressed in over 60% of all intestinal type and diffuse type GCs originating from patients from all tested ethnicities. In addition, expression in lymph node metastases may indicate a role for SC-1 treatment in metastatic GC. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration H3 Pharma, Inc.; OncoMab GmbH OncoMab GmbH OncoMab GmbH
Lenalidomide, Bendamustine, and Rituximab As First-Line Therapy For Patients &gt;65 Years With Mantle Cell Lymphoma: Preliminary Results From The Nordic Lymphoma Group MCL4 (LENA-BERIT) Phase I-II Trial
Authors: Mats Jerkeman, Alexandra Albertsson-Lindblad, Arne Kolstad, Anna Laurell, Riikka Räty, Kirsten Grønbæk, Jan Sundberg, Lone Bredo Pedersen, Christian Geisler
Journal: Blood (2013)
BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 mutations in Saudi breast cancer patients (single institution).
Authors: Omalkhair A. M. Abulkhair
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

10 Background: Breast cancer is the commonest malignancy among Saudi females accounting for 25% of all female cancers with a median age at diagnosis of 47 years (1,2). In Saudi, breast cancer showed an increased incidence attributed to many factors such as different lifestyles, reproductive pattern, family history, which was reported to account for 59%, dietary or cultural practice of Saudi women (2,3,4,5). The multifunctional and highly penetrant BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 are the two major breast cancer pre-disposition genes, accounting for about 20% of breast cancer families (6,7). To our knowledge, the prevalence of BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 mutations in native Saudi population is sparse (8,9). Our aim is to describe the findings of BRCA mutation testing in native Saudi patients with breast cancer in a large Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (NGHA) community-based teaching hospital. Methods: In this study, 75 out of 516 patients with breast cancer who were clinically and histopathologically diagnosed at NGHA from October 2010 to April 2014 were included. Selection criteria: aged ≤ 40 years bilateral breast cancer, triple-negative breast cancer, strongly first degree family history at young age and male breast cancer. Molecular alterations were performed by direct gene sequencing, multiple ligation – dependent probe amplification (MLPA) at Bioscentia human genetic testing in Germany. Results: 75 native Saudi were enrolled and test performed for them. 18 patients (24%) were found to have mutation of which 10 in BRCA One and six in BRCA 2. Two have both BRCA 1 and BRCA 2. Seven patients have the same with deleterious mutations in BRCA 1 gene. Two of them are mother and daughter and other five are unrelated. The mean age of breast cancer diagnosis in the mutation carriers was 38 years. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) diagnosed in six patients, bilateral breast cancer diagnosed in one, first-degree family history in eight and second degree in 10 patients and four with no family history. Conclusions: BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 mutations are an important contributor to the etiology of breast cancer in Saudi women. A mutation in BRCA 1, C 1648 &gt; C p, Asn550His in exon 10 has been reported as disease causing (11) and it is found in our study in seven patients. Such mutation might be specific for Saudi, so further studies are highly recommended.
Carcinoembryonic Antigen and Blood Group Substances in Carcinomas of the Stomach and Colon 2
Authors: H. Denk, G. Tappeiner, A. Davidovits, R. Eckerstorfer, J. H. Holzner
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Journal Article Carcinoembryonic Antigen and Blood Group Substances in Carcinomas of the Stomach and Colon Get access H. Denk, H. Denk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar G. Tappeiner, G. Tappeiner Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. Davidovits, A. Davidovits Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. Eckerstorfer, R. Eckerstorfer Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. H. Holzner J. H. Holzner 3Department of Pathology, University of Vienna School of Medicine, Spitalgasse 4, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 53, Issue 4, October 1974, Pages 933–942, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/53.4.933 Published: 01 October 1974 Article history Received: 18 March 1974 Accepted: 24 May 1974 Published: 01 October 1974
Abstract P361: Body Composition in Healthy Young Women within Normal Body Mass Index in a Sample of Northeastern Brazilian Population
Authors: Amanda C Costa, Ana Gabriela C Silva, Cibele T Ribeiro, Fernando A Dias
Journal: Circulation (2012)

BACKGROUND: Excess body fat is a risk factor for some metabolic and cardiovascular disease. Overweight is usually determined by body mass index (BMI), however, there is discussion about the cut-off point for healthy percentage body fat. The aim of this study was to evaluate the segmental body composition of healthy young women in a sample of northeastern Brazilian population. METHODS: Direct Segmental Multi-frequency (20kHz; 100kHz) Bioelectrical Impedance Method (DSM-BIA) measured by eight tactile electrodes (InBody R20) was used to assess body composition and the translated and validated International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-Short Form) was used to assess Physical activity (PA) level in 35 young (18-26 years old) healthy volunteer women within the normal BMI range (18.5 to 24.9 Kg/m 2 ). RESULTS: The average weight and height were 58.07&amp;#177;5.17Kg and 1.63&amp;#177;0.06m; respectively. Other anthropometric measurements were as follow: BMI = 21.99&amp;#177;1.25Kg/m 2 ; Waist circumference (WC) = 74.69&amp;#177;5.02cm; Hip Circumference = 97.53&amp;#177;3.80cm and Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR) = 0.76&amp;#177;0.04. None of the volunteers had WC above the cut-off point of 88cm and only 5 (14.3%) had a WHR above a suggested cut-off point for excess abdominal fat (&amp;#62;0.8). Percentage of body fat (%BF) was on average 33.18&amp;#177;4.78% (31.54-34.82, 95&amp;#x0025; confidence interval for the mean), ranging from minimal of 24.20% to 42.70%. Percentage of trunk fat averaged 33.99&amp;#177;4.64% (32.40-35.59, 95% CI for mean). PA of the volunteers were classified as low, moderate and high on 20%, 48.6% and 31.4% of the volunteers; respectively. There was a moderate to strong correlation of BMI and %BF (Pearson r= 0.594) even when a sub-analysis excluding the low PA volunteers was done (Pearson r=0.534). CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrated that the studied population appears to have a higher average %BF measured by DSM-BIA than expected for the BMI range, considering cut-off points for overweight in a very close age group as proposed by Gallangher et al., 2000. This suggests the importance of a large study to assess and maybe establish cut-off points for overweight and obesity in this population so weight loss and PA interventions can be appropriately prescribed.
Predictive value for survival of a risk model of two serological markers, beta-2-microglobulin (B2M) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), in diffuse large cell lymphoma (DLCL)
Authors: M. A. Rodriguez, S. Temple, L. Fayad, F. Hagemeister, P. McLaughlin, J. Romaguera, F. Cabanillas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

10599 Background: The International Prognostic Index (IPI), the standard tumor risk model in patients (pts) with diffuse large cell lymphoma (DLCL), has 5 factors (age, LDH, performance status, extra nodal sites, and stage). We previously proposed a simpler two-factor model, based on LDH and B2M (JCO10;1989). B2M is a component of HLA class I antigens, expressed in lymphocytes, and a known prognostic indicator in some lymphoid malignancies. The benefits of this model are: objective measures; lab method widely available; simplicity; biologic marker. Methods: We applied the model to a large cohort of DLCL patients with prospective baseline B2M, and treated with doxorubicin-based (chemo) regimens, with and without rituximab. 718 pts with DLCL were sequentially treated at MDACC by IRB approved chemo protocols from 1988–2000. In 2001, rituximab plus chemo (RCHOP) became standard. 311 DLCL pts were sequentially treated with RCHOP from 2001–2005. Cox regression analyses for univariate and multivariate models of IPI factors and B2M were done. Kaplan-Meier survival projections were in three risk categories: low (normal [nl] LDH and B2M); intermediate (either LDH or B2M &gt; nl); or high (LDH and B2M &gt; nl). Results: In both treatment groups, IPI factors and B2M were significant as univariate factors. In the RCHOP group, however, the IPI multivariate model showed age, stage, and extra-nodal sites were not significant risk factors, while B2M and LDH remained highly significant (p&lt;0.01). The 5 year survival projections by risk category were: (*) combines intermediate low and intermediate-high categories Conclusions: This simple two-factor model predicts risk for patients with DLCL, treated with or without rituximab, comparably to the IPI. B2M should be considered an important prognostic indicator in DLCL, particularly in rituximab treated patients. Exploratory analyses to revise the IPI model are indicated. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
New bowel cancer screening test is recommended for England
Authors: Jacqui Wise
Journal: BMJ (2016)

A simpler, more sensitive home screening test for bowel cancer has been recommended for use in the NHS bowel cancer screening programme in England.

The UK National Screening Committee has recommended that the faecal immunochemical test (FIT) should replace the current guaiac faecal occult blood test, as it allows for detection and prevention of more cancers and is easier to use. Last year Scotland committed to adopting FIT, which is also recommended in the European guideline for colorectal cancer screening.

Currently more than 235 000 people in the United Kingdom have bowel …
Influence of concurrent medications on outcomes of men with prostate cancer included in the TAX327 study.
Authors: S. Niraula, I. Tannock, G. R. Pond, R. De Wit, M. A. Eisenberger, A. M. Joshua
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

4686 Background: Cancer patients (pts) on chemotherapy frequently receive concomitant medications (conmeds) for their coexisting illnesses. Some of these drugs, and/or the medical conditions for which they are prescribed, might influence the outcome of cancer treatment, in particular as some have been reported to have antineoplastic properties in preclinical models. Methods: We selected 14 different conmeds (eg, metformin, digoxin), taken by >20 men in the TAX327 study (N=1006), and analyzed their association with outcome measures including overall survival (OS), PSA response, pain response, and quality of life (QOL) response. The Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test was used to test response rates, linear regression to test % PSA reduction, and adjusted for stratification by treatment group (D3W=docetaxel 3-weekly; D1W=docetaxel weekly; M=mitoxantrone). Comparative survival was analyzed by Cox proportional hazards; adjusted for treatment group, pain and performance status. The study is hypothesis-generating and p-values were not corrected for multiple significance testing. Results: Men taking verapamil (p=0.011) or digoxin (p=0.046) had worse OS (HR>1) than those not taking. Warfarin users had a greater % PSA reduction (p=0.035) than nonusers. Antidepressant users had lower pain response than nonusers (p=0.028). QOL was better for Cox-2 inhibitor users (p=0.031). Treatment group differences appeared for antidepressants, epoetin, and digoxin on pain response, and for statins on QOL response. Conclusions: Conmeds, or the medical conditions for which they are prescribed, might influence treatment outcome. Here, we report trends to poorer OS for men who received verapamil or digoxin and chemotherapy. Such secondary analysis is limited by the pt numbers, factors contributing to comorbidity, and multiple hypothesis testing. Outcome Conmed n (D3W/D1W/M) D3W Groups D1W M OS Digoxin 10:14:11 0.023 0.3 0.7 Verapamil 16:11:16 0.062 0.14 0.29 PSA response Warfarin 22:23:24 0.047 0.35 0.52 Pain response Antidepressants 27:21:17 0.61 0.018 0.46 Epoetin 16:26:19 0.009 0.79 0.68 Digoxin 10:14:11 0.096 0.38 0.58 QOL response Cox-2 inhibitors 37:34:29 0.27 0.48 0.058 Statins 28:21:33 0.021 0.26 0.36 Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration sanofi-aventis sanofi-aventis
Estrogen receptor α in cancer associated fibroblasts suppresses prostate cancer invasion via reducing CCL5, IL6 and macrophage infiltration in the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Chiuan-Ren Yeh, Spencer Slavin, Jun Da, Iawen Hsu, Jie Luo, Guang-Qian Xiao, Jie Ding, Fu-Ju Chou, Shuyuan Yeh
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2016)

Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAF) play important roles in tumor growth that involves inflammation and epithelial cell differentiation. Early studies suggested that estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) was expressed in stromal cells in normal prostates and prostate cancer (PCa), but the detailed functions of stromal ERα in the PCa remain to be further elucidated.Migration and invasion assays demonstrated the presence of high levels of ERα in CAF cells (CAF.ERα(+)) suppressed PCa invasion via influencing the infiltration of tumor associated macrophages. ERα decreased CAF CCL5 secretion via suppressing the CCL5 promoter activity was examined by luciferase assay. ERα decreased CCL5 and IL-6 expression in conditioned media that was collected from CAF cell only or CAF cell co-cultured with macrophages as measured by ELISA assay.Both in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated CAF.ERα(+) led to a reduced macrophage migration toward PCa via inhibiting CAF cells secreted chemokine CCL5. This CAF.ERα(+) suppressed macrophage infiltration affected the neighboring PCa cells invasion and the reduced invasiveness of PCa cells are at least partly due to reduced IL6 expression in the macrophages and CAF.Our data suggest that CAF ERα could be applied as a prognostic marker to predict cancer progression, and targeting CCL5 and IL6 may be applied as an alternative therapeutic approach to reduce M2 type macrophages and PCa invasion in PCa patients with low or little ERα expression in CAF cells.
Double Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation Offers Stable Donor Engraftment and The Prospect Of Cure In Adult Patients With High-Risk Hematologic Malignancies
Authors: Ioannis Baltathakis, Fotios Panitsas, Anna Komitopoulou, Ifigeneia Tzannou, Stavros Gigantes, Spyridoula Vasileiou, Zoi Poulopoulou, Maria Garofalaki, Eirini Tziotziou, Maria-Eleni Karatza, Eirini Grispou, John Apostolidis, Nikolaos Harhalakis, Dimitrios Karakassis
Journal: Blood (2013)