tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
High frequency of premature births in concomitant pregnancy and cancer.
Authors: G. Zoccarato, C. Romagnolo, C. Ghiotto, M. Dalla Palma, A. Molino, C. Oliani, M. Donach, L. Salvagno, M. O. Nicoletto
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e12020 Background: “Cancer during pregnancy” means the occurrence of tumor during the gestational period or in the six months postpartum. Methods: In this retrospective multicenter study conducted in the Veneto Region (North-Eastern Italy), women with cancer diagnosed during pregnancy between 1989 and 2009 were collected. Oncologic and obstetrics data were evaluated. Results: 30 pregnant patients were identified: 5 (∼17%) were 20-29 years of age, 19 (∼63%) between 30-39 yrs and 6 (20%) ≥ 40 yrs. 17 (∼57%) patients were nulliparous and 13 (∼43%) pluriparous. 17% of the tumors were discovered during the first trimester of pregnancy, 50% in the second, 33% in the third trimester and in the postpartum time. 22 (∼73% ) women were diagnosed with breast cancer (18 infiltrating ductal carcinomas, one papillary carcinoma, and three mastitis carcinomatosis), two pts with ovarian epithelial tumors, two with Hodgkin's lymphomas, two with squamous-cell carcinomas of the portio, one with a carcinoid of the appendix, and one with an ileocecal valve adenocarcinoma. The stage distribution of tumors was: stage I, 27%; stages II and III, 60%; and stage IV, 13%. To date, 16 patients have completed chemotherapy and are now disease free, 6 pts are still undergoing treatment, and 8 patients have died for disease progression. Twenty-seven women (90%) completed their pregnancy; 3 women (10%) underwent therapeutic abortion. The mean gestational age at delivery was 35 weeks of gestation (WG). There were 10 (37%) full-term births, 5 (18.5%) preterm births, and high incidence of births (44.5%) mostly observed between the 32 and 37 WG. Spontaneous vaginal delivery occurred in 41% of patients, and cesarean section was performed in 59% of women. The median weight of newborns was 2617 grams; 14 (∼52%) children had a normal birth weight (2,500-4,000 grams), 9 (33%) a low birth weight (1,500-2,500 grams) and 4 (15%) a very low birth weight (< 1,500 grams). Conclusions: Tumors and chemotherapy regimens did not increase incidence of congenital malformations. There was an excess of cesarean section deliveries performed (59%) and a high frequency of newborns with low weight at birth (63%) due to premature delivery. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Species and Rat Strain Variation in Pancreatic Nodule Induction by Azaserine 2
Authors: B. D. Roebuck, D. S. Longnecker
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

Subtoxic doses of azaserine induced atypical acinar cell nodules (AACN) in the pancreases of outbred Wistar rats, inbred W/LEW and F344 rats, and outbred Charles River CD-1 albino mice 4-6 months after initiation of treatment in the growing animal. These AACN apparently represented preneoplastic lesions, some of which have the potential to develop into adenomas or adenocarcinomas. Wistar and W/LEW rats were highly responsive to nodule induction; AACN developed in about 90% of the outbred Wistar rats and in all of the W/LEW rats tested. F344 rats were less susceptible and developed about 10% as many AACN as the Wistar rats. Female rats developed approximately half as many AACN as males. The mouse was intermediate in response between the F344 and the two Wistar rats. Syrian golden hamsters and strain 13 guinea pigs were relatively unresponsive. These studies of azaserine-induced AACN provided a basis for selection of carcinogenic azaserine regimens and suggested that the young male W/LEW rat was the most sensitive of the animals studied.
Effect of early palliative care on depression and survival in patients with advanced cancer.
Authors: Anna Tekla Prescott, Jay Hull, J Nicholas Dionne-Odom, Kathleen Lyons, Tor Tosteson, Zhigang Li, Zhongze Li, Konstantin H. Dragnev, Marie Bakitas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

5 Background: We previously demonstrated improved depression and survival in advanced cancer patients participating in two palliative care (PC) RCTs: ENABLE II (EII; N=322) compared intervention vs. usual care, and ENABLE III (EIII; N=207) compared immediate vs. delayed intervention. The interventions were identical, except in EIII, the intervention included support for family caregivers and the delayed group began the intervention 12 weeks after enrollment. Both EII and EIII included an in-person PC consultation, weekly phone sessions facilitated by a nurse coach, and monthly follow-up calls. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) scale was collected at baseline and every 6 weeks until death or study completion. Our aim was to examine the moderating effects of baseline depression on the intervention effect and on survival outcomes in both RCTs. Methods: After combining data from the two RCTs the sample consisted of 529 patients. We conducted Cox proportional hazard analyses to examine the effect of the intervention (as a time-varying covariate) and baseline depression scores on subsequent survival. Results: The intervention significantly reduced mortality risk in this sample (Hazard Ratio [HR]= 0.78, CI: 0.63-0.98, p=.029). Adding baseline CES-D scores and the interaction of the intervention and CES-D scores as predictor variables yielded a significant interaction (HR= 0.97, p =.035) that remained after controlling for cancer type. Following this analysis, patients were classified as clinically depressed (baseline CES-D 16) or not, and Cox analyses were conducted using the intervention as the sole predictor within each depression group. Receiving the intervention significantly reduced mortality risk among clinically depressed patients (HR = 0.65, CI: 0.44-0.95, p =.029), but not among non-depressed patients (HR = 0.89, CI: 0.65-1.21, p &gt;.45). Conclusions: The ENABLE intervention improved survival in this combined sample of advanced cancer patients. The intervention effect on survival was moderated by baseline depression levels, such that patients who were depressed at baseline and received the intervention had a longer survival compared with non-depressed intervention patients.
Effects of Specific Active Immunization on Tumor Recurrence Following Primary Tumor Resection in WF Rats With 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine-Induced Bowel Cancer&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: D S Ross, G Steele, J Madara, S J Lahey, T S Ravikumar, R E Wilson, A E Munroe, D Wright, V P King
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)

Primary gastrointestinal tumors were induced in male WF rats by 16 weekly sc injections of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine [(DMH) CAS: 540-73-8; 20 mg/kg/wk]. Twenty-four to 28 weeks after the start of DMH injections, all rats were surgically explored and gastrointestinal tumors were resected. Rats with no remaining microscopic disease after operation were immunized with one of four tumor isografts. The first isograft, DMH-W163, is a poorly differentiated mucinous adenocarcinoma explanted from a colon cancer in a DMH-treated animal. It has been shown to possess antigens that cross-react with other DMH-induced bowel adenocarcinoma isografts. The second isograft, DMH-W49, is a carcinosarcoma explanted from a DMH-treated primary colon cancer. It has intermediate antigenic cross-reactivity with other colon adenocarcinoma isografts in the WF model. The third isograft, DMH-W15, is a sarcoma explanted from a DMH-induced colon cancer that does not possess antigens cross-reactive with other DMH-induced colon adenocarcinomas. The fourth isograft, SPK, is a spontaneous (non-DMH-induced) renal cell carcinoma that is immunogenic but should not contain tissue-type-specific antigens cross-reacting with the bowel cancers. Immunized rats received three sc weekly injections of 1 X 10(3) irradiated cells. Concomitant control rats received no immunization after resection of the primary tumor. Within 24 weeks of primary tumor resection, 12 of 16 (75%) rats not immunized had tumor recurrence. Only 8 of 24 (34%) rats immunized with DMH-W163 had tumor recurrence (P less than .025 compared to controls). Fifty percent of animals (10/20) immunized with the carcinosarcoma DMH-W49 had a recurrence. Animals immunized with the non-cross-reacting DMH-W15 sarcoma isograft had a recurrence rate similar to that of controls (16/20, 75%). The rats immunized with SPK were not protected from recurrence. Twelve of 19 (63%) had a recurrence at or near the suture line within 24 weeks following primary tumor resection. These results confirm that adjuvant immunotherapy can decrease the rate of recurrence following primary tumor resection in this model. In addition, immunogens that possessed tissue-type-specific antigens were more effective in preventing tumor recurrence than those that did not.
PAD therapy (bortezomib, doxorubicin and dexamethasone) for untreated multiple myeloma (MM)
Authors: J. D. Cavenagh, N. Curry, J. Stec, M. Drake, T. C. M. Morris, S. Agrawal, D. Esseltine, D. Schenkein, H. Oakervee
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

6550 Background: Bortezomib (Velcade, formerly PS341) (P) shows encouraging clinical results in patients (pts) with relapsed MM with dexamethasone showing additive benefit. In vitro, P demonstrates potent synergy with cytotoxics including anthracyclines. Therefore, a Phase I/II study of PAD combination was undertaken in patients with previously untreated MM. The study objectives were: feasibility of peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) collection and support for high dose melphalan (HDM); safety, toxicity and response rate. Methods: Pts with previously untreated MM were eligible. Pts received 4x21 day cycles of PAD. All pts received P 1.3mg/m2 on days 1,4,8,11 and oral D 40mg days 1–4, 8–11, 15–18 Cycle 1 (day 1–4 only cycles 2–4). Level 1 pts received no doxorubicin [Adriamycin (A)], level 2 pts received 4.5mg/m2 d1–4, level 3 received 9mg/m2 d1–4. Following PBSC harvesting, HDM with PBSC rescue was given. In vitro testing included gene expression analysis on purified plasma cells to identify gene expression profiles associated with response and known prognostic factors. Results: Fifteen pts are enrolled (1F; median age 52 [37–64] yrs) and all have completed at least 1 cycle (Level 1 –3 pts; level 2 –4 pts; level 3 –8 pts). All pts have achieved at least a partial response with 2 achieving a complete response by immunofixation (1 at level 1; 1 at level 3). In 8/8 pts PBSC collection was successful (median 3.13 x106 CD34+ cells/kg (1.92–7.4). 6 pts have completed HDM with PBSCs. Median time to neutrophil (>0.5) and platelet (>20) engraftment was 18 days (13–23) and 12.5 days (10–33). Most adverse events were NCI-CTC Grade 1–2. Of 6 serious adverse events only 2 were considered to be possibly study drug related. There were no deaths on study. Conclusion: PAD is well tolerated, highly effective and does not prejudice PBSC collection or subsequent engraftment. PAD warrants further evaluation in prospective clinical trials. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; Ortho Biotech
Acivicin: a new glutamine antagonist in clinical trials.
Authors: P J O'Dwyer, M T Alonso, B Leyland-Jones
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1984)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1984.2.9.1064 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 6470756 Acivicin: a new glutamine antagonist in clinical trials. P J O'DwyerxP J O'DwyerSearch for articles by this author , M T AlonsoxM T AlonsoSearch for articles by this author , B Leyland-JonesxB Leyland-JonesSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1984.2.9.1064 First Page PDF © 1984 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Carcinogenicity of N-Methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine to the Livers and Kidneys of Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri) Exposed as Embryos234
Authors: Jerry D. Hendricks, Richard A. Scanlan, Janet L. Williams, Russell O. Sinnhuber, Mary P. Grieco
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

Journal Article Carcinogenicity of N-Methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine to the Livers and Kidneys of Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri) Exposed as Embryos Get access Jerry D. Hendricks, Jerry D. Hendricks Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Richard A. Scanlan, Richard A. Scanlan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Janet L. Williams, Janet L. Williams Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Russell O. Sinnhuber, Russell O. Sinnhuber Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Mary P. Grieco Mary P. Grieco Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 64, Issue 6, June 1980, Pages 1511–1519, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/64.6.1511 Published: 01 June 1980 Article history Received: 02 October 1979 Accepted: 08 January 1980 Published: 01 June 1980
How to use biologic agents in patients with rheumatoid arthritis who have comorbid disease
Authors: John S Richards, Sharon M Dowell, Mercedes E Quinones, Gail S Kerr
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Although biologic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) have improved the quality of life of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, side effects remain a problem, especially for patients with pre-existing comorbidities. Randomized controlled trials of such drugs in rheumatoid arthritis typically exclude patients with comorbidities and are of short duration, so they do not provide data on adverse events in these people. Other data sources such as national bDMARD registries are limited by the preselection of patients for both conventional synthetic chemical compound disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (csDMARDs) and bDMARDs, and although these databases document comorbidity, they rarely report its severity. This too limits definitive statements on the progression or resolution of pre-existing disease. Although bDMARDs may not be contraindicated in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and certain comorbid diseases, additional assessments or precautions are recommended. This review summarizes current data on the use of bDMARDs in people with rheumatoid arthritis and common comorbid diseases. It provides an evidence base for doctors and their patients when discussing and selecting the appropriate bDMARDs.
Immunotherapy in Malignant Melanoma
Authors: William A. Cassel, Z. L. Olkowski, Douglas R. Murray
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1999)

Article Tools Correspondence Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1999.17.6.1963 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 10561243 Immunotherapy in Malignant Melanoma William A. CasselxWilliam A. CasselSearch for articles by this author , Z. L. OlkowskixZ. L. OlkowskiSearch for articles by this author , Douglas R. MurrayxDouglas R. MurraySearch for articles by this author Show More Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1999.17.6.1963 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 1999 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Effects of Dietary Fat Level and Dimethylhyd,razine on Fecal Acid and Neutral Sterol Excretion and Colon Carcinogenesis in Rats 2
Authors: Bandaru S. Reddy, John H. Weisburger, Ernest L. Wynder
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Journal Article Effects of Dietary Fat Level and Dimethylhyd,razine on Fecal Acid and Neutral Sterol Excretion and Colon Carcinogenesis in Rats Get access Bandaru S. Reddy, Bandaru S. Reddy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar John H. Weisburger, John H. Weisburger Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Ernest L. Wynder Ernest L. Wynder Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 52, Issue 2, February 1974, Pages 507–511, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/52.2.507 Published: 01 February 1974 Article history Received: 30 July 1973 Accepted: 19 October 1973 Published: 01 February 1974
Multidimensional endotyping in patients with severe asthma reveals inflammatory heterogeneity in matrix metalloproteinases and chitinase 3–like protein 1
Authors: Timothy S.C. Hinks, Tom Brown, Laurie C.K. Lau, Hitasha Rupani, Clair Barber, Scott Elliott, Jon A. Ward, Junya Ono, Shoichiro Ohta, Kenji Izuhara, Ratko Djukanović, Ramesh J. Kurukulaaratchy, Anoop Chauhan, Peter H. Howarth
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
The structure and evolution of the spider monkey delta-globin gene.
Authors: R A Spritz, L B Giebel
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1988)

We have isolated the delta-globin gene of the New-World spider monkey, Ateles geoffroyi, and compared its nucleotide sequence with those of other primate delta- and beta-globin genes. Among primate delta-globin genes, the rate of nonsynonymous substitutions is much less than the rate of synonymous substitutions. This suggests that primate delta-globin genes may remain under evolutionary conservation, perhaps because hemoglobin A2 has an as yet unknown physiological importance.
NVP-TAE226, a potent dual FAK/IGF-IR kinase inhibitor, prevents breast cancer metastasis in vivo
Authors: E. Kawahara, O. Ohmori, K. Nonomura, Y. Murakami, D. Tomioka, S. Niwa, T. Meyer, J. Mestan, T. Honda, S. Hatakeyama
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

13163 Background: Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) and Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 Receptor (IGF-IR) kinase are attractive anti-cancer drug targets because they are both drivers of tumor cell proliferation, migration, and survival. Although virtually every cell type expresses FAK, it is generally overexpressed in tumor cells. FAK levels are greatest in highly metastatic tumors. A selective FAK inhibitor would be expected to halt or kill invasive tumor cells, and potentially interfere with normal cell migration (e.g. endothelial cells). IGF-IR function is required for tumor cell survival, but dispensable for survival of normal cells. Therefore, a dual inhibitor of both kinases may selectively block the growth, migration, and survival of FAK- and IGF-IR- expressing tumor cells compared to proliferating and migrating normal cells. Methods: NVP-TAE226, a novel small molecule developed as an inhibitor of FAK, was evaluated in kinase enzymatic assays, cell-based kinase assays and 4T1 metastatic breast carcinoma in vivo model. Results: NVP-TAE226 inhibits FAK with low nanomolar IC 50 values in a purified kinase enzymatic assay. In cell-based kinase assays, FAK and IGF-IR kinase were inhibited with an IC 50 range of 100 to 300 nM compared to the other kinases tested which were &gt;10-fold less sensitive. Oral administration of NVP-TAE226 inhibited 4T1 murine breast tumor growth and metastasis to the lung in a dose-dependent manner. The compound was well tolerated in mice as determined by measuring changes in body weight. The highest dose of 100 mg/kg, qd, 5x/week showed T/C value of 18%. Inhibition of FAK autophosphorylation at Y397 and Akt phosphorylation at Serine473 was observed in a dose-dependent manner in 4T1 breast carcinoma. Conclusions: NVP-TAE226 represents a novel class of selective and small molecule kinase inhibitors that have potential clinical applications with a potent in vivo activity. [Table: see text]
Response of oral leukoplakia to beta-carotene.
Authors: H S Garewal, F L Meyskens, D Killen, D Reeves, T A Kiersch, H Elletson, A Strosberg, D King, K Steinbronn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1990)

Leukoplakia is associated with increased risk of oral cancer and is considered a premalignant lesion. Retinoids, particularly 13-cis retinoic acid, can frequently reverse leukoplakia. However, these drugs have considerable toxicity and are not suitable for large-scale use in the prevention of oral cancer. Beta-carotene is a naturally occurring, nontoxic carotenoid with biologic properties that suggest that it might be efficacious against oral leukoplakia. In 1986, we began a randomized study of 13-cis retinoic acid (1 mg/kg/d) versus beta-carotene (30 mg/d) in leukoplakia. However, owing to the marked differences in toxicity between the two compounds outlined in the consent form, 11 of the initial 16 eligible patients refused to participate unless they were "guaranteed" beta-carotene. Therefore, the study design was changed to a phase II trial of beta-carotene in which the compound was given daily for 3 months. Responding patients were continued for another 3 months of treatment. All lesions were examined histologically at entry. Responses were monitored by bidimensional measurements and photography done at entry, then monthly while on treatment and at study completion. Twenty-four evaluable patients were treated, and 17 had major responses (two complete, 15 partial), a response rate of 71% (95% confidence limits, 53% to 89%). There was no significant toxicity requiring drug discontinuation or dose reduction. These results indicate that beta-carotene has substantial activity in oral premalignancy. Because of its lack of toxicity, it is an excellent candidate for a preventive agent for oral cancer.
Lack of Effect of Adjuvant Chemotherapy on the Elimination of Single Dormant Tumor Cells in Bone Marrow of High-Risk Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Stephan Braun, Christina Kentenich, Wolfgang Janni, Florian Hepp, Johann de Waal, Fritz Willgeroth, Harald Sommer, Klaus Pantel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2000)

PURPOSE: There is an urgent need for markers that can predict the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with solid tumors. This study was designed to evaluate whether monitoring of micrometastases in bone marrow can predict the response to systemic chemotherapy in breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Bone marrow aspirates of 59 newly diagnosed breast cancer patients with either inflammatory (n = 23) or advanced (&gt; four nodes involved) disease (n = 36) were examined immunocytochemically with the monoclonal anticytokeratin (CK) antibody A45-B/B3 (murine immunoglobulin G 1 ; Micromet, Munich, Germany) before and after chemotherapy with taxanes and anthracyclines. RESULTS: Of 59 patients, 29 (49.2%) and 26 (44.1%) presented with CK-positive tumor cells in bone marrow before and after chemotherapy, respectively. After chemotherapy, less than half of the previously CK-positive patients (14 of 29 patients; 48.3%) had a CK-negative bone marrow finding, and 11 (36.7%) of 30 previously CK-negative patients were CK-positive. At a median follow-up of 19 months (range, 6 to 39 months), Kaplan-Meier analysis of 55 assessable patients revealed a significantly reduced overall survival (P = .011; log-rank test) if CK-positive cells were detected after chemotherapy. In multivariate analysis, the presence of CK-positive tumor cells in bone marrow after chemotherapy was an independent predictor for reduced overall survival (relative risk = 5.0; P = .016). CONCLUSION: The cytotoxic agents currently used for chemotherapy in high-risk breast cancer patients do not completely eliminate CK-positive tumor cells in bone marrow. The presence of these tumor cells after chemotherapy is associated with poor prognosis. Thus, bone marrow monitoring might help predict the response to systemic chemotherapy.