tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of Graphene Quantum Dots on the Self‐Renewal and Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Jichuan Qiu, Deshuai Li, Xiaoning Mou, Jianhua Li, Weibo Guo, Shu Wang, Xin Yu, Baojin Ma, Shan Zhang, Wei Tang, Yuanhua Sang, Pilar Rivera Gil, Hong Liu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2016)

The influence of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) on key characteristics of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) phenotype (i.e., self‐renewal, differentiation potential, and pluripotency) is systematically investigated in this work. First, the viability and impact of GQDs on the self‐renewal potential of MSCs is evaluated in order to determine a threshold for the exposing dose. Second, GQDs uptake by MSCs is confirmed due to the excellent fluorescent properties of the particles. They exhibit a homogenous cytoplasmatic distribution that increases with the time and concentration. Third, the impact of GQDs on the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs is deeply characterized. An enhanced activity of alkaline phosphatase promoted by GQDs indicates early activation of osteogenesis. This is also confirmed upon GQD‐induced up‐regulation of phenotypically related osteogenic genes (Runx2, osteopontin, and osteocalcin) and specific biomarkers expression (osteopontin and osteocalcin). GQDs also effectively enhance the formation of calcium‐rich deposits characteristics of osteoblasts. Furthermore, genes microarray results indicate that the enhanced osteogenic differentiation of MSCs by GQDs is in progress through a bone morphogenetic protein and transforming growth factor‐β relative signaling pathways. Finally, intracytoplasmatic lipid detection shows that GQDs can also promote the adipogenic differentiation of MSCs, thus confirming the prevalence of their pluripotency potential.
Inhibition of fatty acid oxidation as a therapy for MYC-overexpressing triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Roman Camarda, Alicia Y Zhou, Rebecca A Kohnz, Sanjeev Balakrishnan, Celine Mahieu, Brittany Anderton, Henok Eyob, Shingo Kajimura, Aaron Tward, Gregor Krings, Daniel K Nomura, Andrei Goga
Journal: Nature Medicine (2016)
ROBERT JAMES GRAVES
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Antibacterial Mechanisms: Toward a Molecular Understanding of the Antibacterial Mechanism of Copper-Bearing Titanium Alloys against<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>(Adv. Healthcare Mater. 5/2016)
Authors: Mei Li, Zheng Ma, Ye Zhu, Hong Xia, Mengyu Yao, Xiao Chu, Xiaolan Wang, Ke Yang, Mingying Yang, Yu Zhang, Chuanbin Mao
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2016)

On page 557, M. Yang, Y. Zhang, and C. Mao show how Cu ions released from the Cu-bearing biomedical titanium alloys break the membranes of the bacteria, induce the production of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and interfere with gene expression. Together, these effects cause the killing of Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and lead to the excellent antibacterial properties of the Cu-bearing biomedical titanium alloys.
Desipramine Increases Genioglossus Activity and Reduces Upper Airway Collapsibility during Non-REM Sleep in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Luigi Taranto-Montemurro, Bradley A. Edwards, Scott A. Sands, Melania Marques, Danny J. Eckert, David P. White, Andrew Wellman
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2016)

Rationale: Obstructive sleep apnea is a state-dependent disease. One of the key factors that triggers upper airway collapse is decreased pharyngeal dilator muscle activity during sleep. To date, there have not been effective methods to reverse pharyngeal hypotonia pharmacologically in sleeping humans.Objectives: We tested the hypothesis that administration of desipramine 200 mg prevents the state-related reduction in genioglossus activity that occurs during sleep and thereby decreases pharyngeal collapsibility.Methods: We conducted a placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover trial with 10 healthy participants. Participants received active treatment or placebo in randomized order 2 hours before sleep in the physiology laboratory.Measurements and Main Results: Genioglossus activity during wakefulness and sleep, genioglossus muscle responsiveness to negative epiglottic pressure, and upper airway collapsibility during passive and active conditions were compared between on- and off-drug states. Desipramine abolished the normal reduction of genioglossus activity from wakefulness to non-REM sleep that occurred on the placebo night. Specifically, tonic (median, 96% [86–120] vs. 75% [50–92] wakefulness; P = 0.01) but not phasic genioglossus activity was higher with desipramine compared with placebo. Upper airway collapsibility was also reduced with desipramine compared with placebo (−10.0 cm H2O [−15.2 to −5.8] vs. −8.1 cm H2O [−10.4 to −6.3]; P = 0.037).Conclusions: Desipramine reduces the state-related drop in tonic genioglossus muscle activity that occurs from wakefulness to non-REM sleep and reduces airway collapsibility. These data provide a rationale for a new pharmacologic therapy for obstructive sleep apnea.Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02428478).
Abstract 179: The Comparison of the Effect of Two Mechanical Chest Compressors on Coronary Perfusion Pressure and Outcomes of CPR With Selective Head Cooling
Authors: Yinlun Weng, Sungphil Chung, Jeonghyun Park, Xiaobo Wu, Shijie Sun, Max H Weil, Wanchun Tang
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Selective head cooling has been confirmed to improve the coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) during CPR. Mechanical chest compressors have been utilized to improve resuscitation after cardiac arrest....
Oh, what a tangled web.
Authors: S M Grunberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1989)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1989.7.6.691 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 2715799 Oh, what a tangled web. S M GrunbergxS M GrunbergSearch for articles by this author Show More University of Southern California, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1989.7.6.691 First Page PDF © 1989 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Polypharmacy in the Aging Patient
Authors: Kasia J. Lipska, Harlan Krumholz, Tacara Soones, Sei J. Lee
Journal: JAMA (2016)

<h3>Importance</h3> There is substantial uncertainty about optimal glycemic control in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. <h3>Observations</h3> Four large randomized clinical trials (RCTs), ranging in size from 1791 to 11 440 patients, provide the majority of the evidence used to guide diabetes therapy. Most RCTs of intensive vs standard glycemic control excluded adults older than 80 years, used surrogate end points to evaluate microvascular outcomes and provided limited data on which subgroups are most likely to benefit or be harmed by specific therapies. Available data from randomized clinical trials suggest that intensive glycemic control does not reduce major macrovascular events in older adults for at least 10 years. Furthermore, intensive glycemic control does not lead to improved patient-centered microvascular outcomes for at least 8 years. Data from randomized clinical trials consistently suggest that intensive glycemic control immediately increases the risk of severe hypoglycemia 1.5- to 3-fold. Based on these data and observational studies, for the majority of adults older than 65 years, the harms associated with a hemoglobin A<sub>1c</sub>(HbA<sub>1c</sub>) target lower than 7.5% or higher than 9% are likely to outweigh the benefits. However, the optimal target depends on patient factors, medications used to reach the target, life expectancy, and patient preferences about treatment. If only medications with low treatment burden and hypoglycemia risk (such as metformin) are required, a lower HbA<sub>1c</sub>target may be appropriate. If patients strongly prefer to avoid injections or frequent fingerstick monitoring, a higher HbA<sub>1c</sub>target that obviates the need for insulin may be appropriate. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> High-quality evidence about glycemic treatment in older adults is lacking. Optimal decisions need to be made collaboratively with patients, incorporating the likelihood of benefits and harms and patient preferences about treatment and treatment burden. For the majority of older adults, an HbA<sub>1c</sub>target between 7.5% and 9% will maximize benefits and minimize harms.
Homologous Recombination Deficiency (HRD) Score Predicts Response to Platinum-Containing Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Melinda L. Telli, Kirsten M. Timms, Julia Reid, Bryan Hennessy, Gordon B. Mills, Kristin C. Jensen, Zoltan Szallasi, William T. Barry, Eric P. Winer, Nadine M. Tung, Steven J. Isakoff, Paula D. Ryan, April Greene-Colozzi, Alexander Gutin, Zaina Sangale, Diana Iliev, Chris Neff, Victor Abkevich, Joshua T. Jones, Jerry S. Lanchbury, Anne-Renee Hartman, Judy E. Garber, James M. Ford, Daniel P. Silver, Andrea L. Richardson
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

BRCA1/2-mutated and some sporadic triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) have DNA repair defects and are sensitive to DNA-damaging therapeutics. Recently, three independent DNA-based measures of genomic instability were developed on the basis of loss of heterozygosity (LOH), telomeric allelic imbalance (TAI), and large-scale state transitions (LST).We assessed a combined homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) score, an unweighted sum of LOH, TAI, and LST scores, in three neoadjuvant TNBC trials of platinum-containing therapy. We then tested the association of HR deficiency, defined as HRD score ≥42 or BRCA1/2 mutation, with response to platinum-based therapy.In a trial of neoadjuvant platinum, gemcitabine, and iniparib, HR deficiency predicted residual cancer burden score of 0 or I (RCB 0/I) and pathologic complete response (pCR; OR = 4.96, P = 0.0036; OR = 6.52, P = 0.0058). HR deficiency remained a significant predictor of RCB 0/I when adjusted for clinical variables (OR = 5.86, P = 0.012). In two other trials of neoadjuvant cisplatin therapy, HR deficiency predicted RCB 0/I and pCR (OR = 10.18, P = 0.0011; OR = 17.00, P = 0.0066). In a multivariable model of RCB 0/I, HR deficiency retained significance when clinical variables were included (OR = 12.08, P = 0.0017). When restricted to BRCA1/2 nonmutated tumors, response was higher in patients with high HRD scores: RCB 0/I P = 0.062, pCR P = 0.063 in the neoadjuvant platinum, gemcitabine, and iniparib trial; RCB 0/I P = 0.0039, pCR P = 0.018 in the neoadjuvant cisplatin trials.HR deficiency identifies TNBC tumors, including BRCA1/2 nonmutated tumors more likely to respond to platinum-containing therapy. Clin Cancer Res; 22(15); 3764-73. ©2016 AACR.
Invasive cervical cancer and combined oral contraceptives. WHO collaborative study of neoplasia and steroid contraceptives.
Journal: BMJ (1985)

A multicentre, hospital based case-control study is being conducted under the auspices of the World Health Organisation to determine whether steroid contraceptives alter the risk of gynaecological, breast, and hepatic neoplasms. Preliminary results, largely from developing countries, on the relation between combined oral contraceptives and invasive cervical carcinoma showed a relative risk of 1.19 (95% confidence interval 0.99-1.44) in women who had ever used oral contraceptives. The risk increased with duration of use, giving a relative risk of 1.53 after five years. This finding supports a causal interpretation, but it could also be due to incomplete control for confounding sexual variables and other sources of bias.
Synthesis and evaluation of condensed magnetic nanocrystal clusters with in vivo multispectral optoacoustic tomography for tumour targeting
Authors: Yiannis Sarigiannis, Αrgiris Kolokithas-Ntoukas, Nicolas Beziere, Radek Zbořil, Evangelia Papadimitriou, Konstantinos Avgoustakis, Margarita Lamprou, Zdenka Medrikova, Elias Rousalis, Vasilis Ntziachristos, Aristides Bakandritsos
Journal: Biomaterials (2016)
Revised classification of histiocytoses and neoplasms of the macrophage-dendritic cell lineages
Authors: Jean-François Emile, Oussama Abla, Sylvie Fraitag, Annacarin Horne, Julien Haroche, Jean Donadieu, Luis Requena-Caballero, Michael B. Jordan, Omar Abdel-Wahab, Carl E. Allen, Frédéric Charlotte, Eli L. Diamond, R. Maarten Egeler, Alain Fischer, Juana Gil Herrera, Jan-Inge Henter, Filip Janku, Miriam Merad, Jennifer Picarsic, Carlos Rodriguez-Galindo, Barret J. Rollins, Abdellatif Tazi, Robert Vassallo, Lawrence M. Weiss
Journal: Blood (2016)
Concurrent Measurements of Blood Flow and Transcapillary Transport in Xenotransplanted Human Gliomas in Immunosuppressed Rats&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: F J Vriesendorp, C Peagram, D D Bigner, D R Groothuis
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1987)

Neonatal Fischer 344 rats were immunosuppressed with antithymocyte serum and later were given an injection intra-cerebrally of cells from the human glioma permanent line D-54MG. Symptomatic tumor-bearing rats were studied with double-label quantitative autoradiography to concurrently measure blood flow and a unidirectional blood-to-tissue transfer constant (K) for α-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB). A net extraction fraction (En) was calculated from the measured values for blood flow and K. Mean whole tumor blood flow was 53.5±4.9 ml/100 g/min (mean ± SEM), which was significantly less than the blood flow to the tumor-free cortex (198±15.5 ml/100 g/min) but not significantly different from the blood flow in the tumor-free corpus callosum (50.6±4.3 ml/100 g/min). Mean whole tumor K-value for AIB was 5.8±0.5 ml/100 g/min, approximately 30 times the K-value for tumor-free brain. The calculated mean whole tumor En was 0.2±0.09, nearly 100 times the value for the tumor-free brain. Regionally, blood flow was lower in the tumor center and higher in its tumor periphery, although the difference was not significant. Both K- and En-values were significantly higher for the tumor center and decreased radially for the areas from center out. The values for K and En of AIB in the D-54MG gliomas are the highest of any experimental brain tumor model studied to date and indicate that in some tumor regions in this model, blood-to-tissue transport of the water-soluble compound AIB may be dependent on blood flow as well as on the permeability-surface area product of the tumor capillaries.
Evaluation of a National Call Center and a Local Alerts System for Detection of New Cases of Ebola Virus Disease — Guinea, 2014–2015
Authors: Christopher T. Lee, Marc Bulterys, Lise D. Martel,, Benjamin A. Dahl
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2016)

Guinea is divided into 34 prefectures; each prefecture has a public health department.Prefectures are further divided into sous-prefectures, except in the case of the capital city of Conakry, which is divided into five communes.
CD164, a Novel Sialomucin on CD34+ and Erythroid Subsets, Is Located on Human Chromosome 6q21
Authors: Suzanne M. Watt, Hans-Jörg Bühring, Irene Rappold, James Yi-Hsin Chan, Jane Lee-Prudhoe, Tania Jones, Andrew C.W. Zannettino, Paul J. Simmons, Regis Doyonnas, Denise Sheer, Lisa H. Butler
Journal: Blood (1998)
PTH Induces Systemically Administered Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Migrate to and Regenerate Spine Injuries
Authors: Dmitriy Sheyn, Galina Shapiro, Wafa Tawackoli, Douk Soo Jun, Youngdo Koh, Kyu Bok Kang, Susan Su, Xiaoyu Da, Shiran Ben-David, Maxim Bez, Eran Yalon, Ben Antebi, Pablo Avalos, Tomer Stern, Elazar Zelzer, Edward M Schwarz, Zulma Gazit, Gadi Pelled, Hyun M Bae, Dan Gazit
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2015)

Osteoporosis affects more than 200 million people worldwide leading to more than 2 million fractures in the United States alone. Unfortunately, surgical treatment is limited in patients with low bone mass. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) was shown to induce fracture repair in animals by activating mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, it would be less effective in patients with fewer and/or dysfunctional MSCs due to aging and comorbidities. To address this, we evaluated the efficacy of combination i.v. MSC and PTH therapy versus monotherapy and untreated controls, in a rat model of osteoporotic vertebral bone defects. The results demonstrated that combination therapy significantly increased new bone formation versus monotherapies and no treatment by 2 weeks (P < 0.05). Mechanistically, we found that PTH significantly enhanced MSC migration to the lumbar region, where the MSCs differentiated into bone-forming cells. Finally, we used allogeneic porcine MSCs and observed similar findings in a clinically relevant minipig model of vertebral defects. Collectively, these results demonstrate that in addition to its anabolic effects, PTH functions as an adjuvant to i.v. MSC therapy by enhancing migration to heal bone loss. This systemic approach could be attractive for various fragility fractures, especially using allogeneic cells that do not require invasive tissue harvest. Osteoporosis affects more than 200 million people worldwide leading to more than 2 million fractures in the United States alone. Unfortunately, surgical treatment is limited in patients with low bone mass. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) was shown to induce fracture repair in animals by activating mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, it would be less effective in patients with fewer and/or dysfunctional MSCs due to aging and comorbidities. To address this, we evaluated the efficacy of combination i.v. MSC and PTH therapy versus monotherapy and untreated controls, in a rat model of osteoporotic vertebral bone defects. The results demonstrated that combination therapy significantly increased new bone formation versus monotherapies and no treatment by 2 weeks (P < 0.05). Mechanistically, we found that PTH significantly enhanced MSC migration to the lumbar region, where the MSCs differentiated into bone-forming cells. Finally, we used allogeneic porcine MSCs and observed similar findings in a clinically relevant minipig model of vertebral defects. Collectively, these results demonstrate that in addition to its anabolic effects, PTH functions as an adjuvant to i.v. MSC therapy by enhancing migration to heal bone loss. This systemic approach could be attractive for various fragility fractures, especially using allogeneic cells that do not require invasive tissue harvest.
Analysis of Biopsies From Duodenal Bulbs of All Endoscopy Patients Increases Detection of Abnormalities but has a Minimal Effect on Diagnosis of Celiac Disease
Authors: Samantha A. Stoven, Rok Seon Choung, Alberto Rubio-Tapia, Imad Absah, Dora M. Lam-Himlin, Lucinda A. Harris, Saowanee Ngamruengphong, Maria I. Vazquez Roque, Tsung-Teh Wu, Joseph A. Murray
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2016)
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS): An unrecognized paradoxical effect of biologic agents (BA) used in chronic inflammatory diseases
Authors: Coline Faivre, Axel Patrice Villani, François Aubin, Dan Lipsker, Martine Bottaro, Jean-David Cohen, François Durupt, Géraldine Jeudy, Emilie Sbidian, Eric Toussirot, Valérie Badot, Sébastien Barbarot, Sébastien Debarbieux, Emmanuel Delaporte, Guetty Goegebeur, Jacques Morel, Aude Nassif, Gérard Duru, Denis Jullien
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2016)
Abstract 11512: Transition Readiness in Adolescents and Young Adults With Heart Disease: Ready or Not, Here They Come!
Authors: Karen Uzark, Cynthia Smith, Janet Donohue, Sunkyung Yu, Mark D Norris, Timothy B Cotts
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Objective: Transition is defined as “the process by which adolescents and young adults with chronic childhood illnesses are prepared to take charge of their lives and their health in adulthood”. Th...
Hydrolysed egg displays strong decrease in allergenicity and is well tolerated by egg-allergic patients
Authors: B. K. Ballmer-Weber, K. Brockow, A. Fiocchi, B. Theler, L. Vogel, J. Ring, Z. Szépfalusi, O. Mazzina, R. Schaller, R. Fritsché, Y. M. Vissers, S. Nutten
Journal: Allergy (2016)

Food allergies are believed to be on the rise, and currently, management relies on the avoidance of the food. Hen's egg allergy is after cow's milk allergy the most common food allergy; eggs are used in many food products and thus difficult to avoid. A technological process using a combination of enzymatic hydrolysis and heat treatment was designed to produce modified hen's egg with reduced allergenic potential. Biochemical (SDS-PAGE, Size exclusion chromatography and LC-MS/MS) and immunological (ELISA, immunoblot, RBL-assays, animal model) analysis showed a clear decrease in intact proteins as well as a strong decrease of allergenicity. In a clinical study, 22 of the 24 patients with a confirmed egg allergy who underwent a double-blind food challenge with the hydrolysed egg remained completely free of symptoms. Hydrolysed egg products may be beneficial as low-allergenic foods for egg-allergic patients to extent their diet.
The Intersection of TNF, IBD and the Microbiome
Authors: Yava L. Jones-Hall, Cindy H. Nakatsu
Journal: Gut Microbes (2016)

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), comprised of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is a chronic inflammatory condition of multifactorial etiology and risk factors. Currently, one of the most effective treatments for IBD is the use of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) functional inhibitor drugs, however, this treatment can cause adverse reactions and has a relatively large percentage of incomplete or non-responders. This lack of response may be related to differences in patients' gut microbiomes prior to and after disease initiation or treatment. Recent observations in our lab using a rodent model of IBD support the theory that TNF drives acute colitis, but also that the microbiome differs in association with TNF production and colitis severity. Studies such as this and others provide new insights into host-microbiome interactions associated with colitis that can lead to new therapies to prevent or treat the disease.