tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Distal degeneration of sensory and autonomic cutaneous nerve fibres in systemic sclerosis
Authors: V Provitera
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2005)

We studied innervation and dermal vasculature in affected and apparently normal skin of sclerodermic patients to evaluate the involvement of different nerve fibre groups and to determine a possible correlation with vascular damage in this disease. Immunohistochemical analysis and confocal microscopic examination of skin biopsy samples were used.

We obtained 3 mm punch skin biopsy samples from the distal thigh and distal leg in 11 consecutive 34–70 year old female patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc), identified by the American College of Rheumatology classification criteria.1 We excluded patients who had been exposed to potentially neurotoxic exogenous or endogenous conditions. The skin appeared sclerotic in 4/11 patients in the leg and in 3/11 in the thigh (table 1). In four patients a further skin sample from fingertip was taken to evaluate myelinated fibres. None of the patients complained of sensory disturbances, and neurological and neurophysiological evaluations were normal except in two patients, in whom a conduction velocity study showed the presence of an entrapment syndrome. Patient morphological findings were compared with data …
Inactivation of the N-terminal of ACE reduces bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis
Authors: S. Haque
Journal: Thorax (2010)

This study examined bleomycin-induced lung injury in normotensive mice, termed N-KO and C-KO, which have point mutations inactivating the N- or C-terminal catalytic sites of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), respectively. N-KO, but not C-KO mice, exhibited a marked resistance to bleomycin-induced lung injury and fibrosis, as …
Disseminated intravascular coagulation associated with hepatitis in late pregnancy
Authors: C. T. A. Jones, C. R. Birch, L. Poller, I. W. Dymock
Journal: Gut (1973)

Background: A phase II study was carried out to determine the safety and efficacy of the combination of vinorelbine, epirubicin and 5-fluorouracil (FEN) as first-line chemotherapy in advanced breast cancer (BC). Patients and Methods: Thirty-four women with advanced BC, aged 32-75 years (median 59), previously untreated for recurrence, were enrolled in the study. The treatment consisted of fluorouracil 600 mg/m<sup>2</sup> on day 1, epirubicin 75 mg/m<sup>2</sup> on day 1 and vinorelbine 25 mg/m<sup>2</sup> on days 1 and 8, every 3 weeks, up to a maximum of 9 cycles. Results: The efficacy appeared favourable with 18 objective responses (3 complete and 15 partial) and 9 disease stabilizations, giving an overall response rate of 53% (95% CI: 36-70). The median progression-free and overall survival was 6 and 18 months, respectively (95% CI: 4.8-7.8 and 16.2-22.2, respectively). Toxicity was acceptable; the main grade 3/4 toxicity was alopecia in 94% of patients, neutropenia in 44% and less frequently gastrointestinal toxicity (9%), anaemia (6%), mucositis (6%), thrombocytopenia (3%) and diarrhoea (3%). No treatment-related death occurred. Conclusion: Our results suggest that FEN, as first-line chemotherapy, is an active and well-tolerated treatment for patients with advanced breast cancer.
Ankylosing spondylitis: a risk factor for myocardial infarction?: Table 1
Authors: M J L Peters, I Visman, M M J Nielen, N Van Dillen, R A Verheij, I E van der Horst-Bruinsma, B A C Dijkmans, M T Nurmohamed
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2009)

Objective To ascertain the prevalence of myocardial infarction (MI) in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) relative to that in the general population. Methods A questionnaire was sent to 593 patients with AS, aged between 50 and 75 years and registered at the Jan van Breemen Institute or VU University Medical Centre. A total of 383 (65%) patients with AS returned their questionnaire that covered the primary outcome, (non-fatal) MI. The prevalence of MI was calculated with data from the general population provided by Netherlands Information Network of General Practice databases as reference. Results The overall prevalence for MI was 4.4% in patients with AS versus 1.2% in the general population, resulting in an age- and gender-adjusted odds ratio of 3.1 (95% CI 1.9 to 5.1) for patients with AS. When non-responders (35%) were considered as non-MI the odds ratio decreased to 1.9 (95% CI 1.2 to 3.2). Conclusions These observations indicate that the prevalence of MI is increased in patients with AS.
Multiple Cardiovascular Injuries and Motor Vehicle Accidents
Authors: R. Kirby Primm
Journal: JAMA (1979)

A patient sustained blunt chest trauma in a motor vehicle accident. Cardiovascular trauma was initially obscured by more obvious orthopedic injuries. Thoracic aortic transection with false aneurysm formation was discovered incidentally during cardiac catheterization for traumatic tricuspid insufficiency. Successful repair of both lesions was subseqeuntly performed. This case demonstrates the difficulty in recognizing cardiovascular trauma in survivors of motor vehicle accidents and emphasizes the need for an aggressive diagnostic approach with consideration of coexisting injuries in patients who have sustained blunt chest trauma.
Pain Management in Patients with Advanced Cancer
Authors: Janet Abrahm
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Letters4 April 2000Pain Management in Patients with Advanced CancerJanet Abrahm, MDJanet Abrahm, MDHospital of the University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, PA 19104 (Abrahm)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-132-7-200004040-00020 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:I agree with Dr. Berland that methadone is a very useful agent for some patients with cancer who have a steady level of pain, although I have had less success than he has in obtaining patient acceptance. I also find it difficult to obtain the liquid form for patients who are not participating in methadone maintenance programs. Although I agree with most of the reasons he cites, readers should be aware that a Food and Drug Administration-approved formulation of sustained-release morphine (Kadian, Faulding Laboratories, Raleigh, North Carolina) is available for suspension in water and placement in feeding tubes ...Reference1. Broomhead A, West R, Knox K, Kadirgamanathan G, Krueger D, Malik JB. Morphine bioavailability and pharmacokinetic comparison of Kadian (sustained release morphine sulfate) capsules and pellets (“sprinkling”) in human volunteers under fasted or fed conditions [Abstract]. Proceedings of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. 1997;16:61a. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Janet Abrahm, MDAffiliations: Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, PA 19104 (Abrahm) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 4 April 2000Volume 132, Issue 7Page: 593KeywordsDrug administrationDrugsFoodMorphinePain management ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 4 April 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
A prospective study of asthma incidence and its predictors: the RHINE study
Authors: K. Toren
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2004)

The objective of this longitudinal study was to estimate the incidence rate of asthma, and to compare the incidence between subjects with or without baseline reporting of certain respiratory symptoms. A follow-up of the random population samples in the European Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) in Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Iceland and Estonia was conducted in 1999–2001, in a population aged 30–54 yrs at follow-up (n=14,731). Asthma was defined as reporting either asthma or physician-diagnosed asthma, and a reported year when asthma symptoms were first noticed. Incidence rates, incidence rate ratios and hazard ratios were calculated with 95% confidence intervals. The incidence rate of asthma was 2.2 cases per 1,000 person-yrs. The incidence was higher among females (2.9 cases·1,000 person-yrs<sup>−1</sup>) than among males (1.5 cases·1,000 person-yrs<sup>−1</sup>). When subjects with baseline reporting of wheezing were excluded, the incidence rate decreased to 1.7 cases·1,000 person-yrs<sup>−1</sup>, with a further decrease to 1.5 cases·1,000 person-yrs<sup>−1</sup> after exclusion of subjects with wheezing, nocturnal dyspnoea, chest tightness and cough. There was a strong association between onset of asthma and wheezing at baseline. In this prospective, population-based study, the incidence rate of asthma in the whole population sample ranged 1.5–2.2·1,000 person-yrs<sup>−1</sup>, with a higher incidence range among females. The incidence was dependent on the extent to which subjects with respiratory symptoms were excluded from follow-up. Hence, for comparability between studies, the exclusion criteria in the follow-up population must be stated.
Metformin Plus Paclitaxel for Metastatic or Recurrent Head and Neck Cancer: Final Results of the Randomised Prospective Mettax Trial (Nct01333852)
Authors: L.V. Dos Santos, L.D.S. Viana, J.P. Lima, L.T. Feltrin, C. Scapulatempo, A.L. Carvalho, J.B.C. Carvalheira
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Pulmonary function and exercise capacity in survivors of congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Authors: M. G. Peetsold, H. A. Heij, A. F. Nagelkerke, H. IJsselstijn, D. Tibboel, P. H. Quanjer, R. J. B. J. Gemke
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2009)

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is associated with pulmonary hypoplasia and pulmonary hypertension. The objective of this study was to assess pulmonary function and exercise capacity and its early determinants in children and adolescents born with high-risk CDH (CDH-associated respiratory distress within the first 24 h) and to explore the relationship of these findings with CDH severity. Of 159 patients born with high-risk CDH, 84 survived. Of the 69 eligible patients, 53 children (mean+/-SD age 11.9+/-3.5 yrs) underwent spirometry, lung volume measurements and maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). Results of the pulmonary function tests were compared with those from a healthy control group matched for sex, age and height. CDH survivors had a significantly lower forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1)), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV(1)/FVC, maximum mid-expiratory flow and peak expiratory flow when compared with healthy controls. The residual volume/total lung capacity ratio was significantly higher. Linear regression analysis showed that gastro-oesophageal reflux disease was an independent determinant of reduced FEV(1) and FVC. CPET results were normal in those tested. High-risk CDH survivors have mild to moderate pulmonary function abnormalities when compared with a healthy matched control group, which may be related to gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in early life. Exercise capacity and gas exchange parameters were normal in those tested, indicating that the majority of patients do not have physical impairment.
1414 THE CLIF-CONSORTIUM SCORE PREDICTS MORTALITY MORE ACCURATELY THAN THE MELD AND MELD-SODIUM SCORES IN PATIENTS HOSPITALIZED WITH DECOMPENSATED CIRRHOSIS WITH AND WITHOUT ACUTE-ON-CHRONIC-LIVER FAILURE (ACLF).
Authors: M. Pavesi, R. Jalan, A. Amoros, R. Moreau, P. Ginès, F. Durand, P. Angeli, P. Caraceni, E. Rodriguez, B. Agarwarl, C. Hopf, C. Alessandria, P. Solis-Muñoz, W. Laleman, J. Trebicka, F. Saliba, S. Zeuzem, A. Albillos, T. Gustot, R. Mookerjee, L. Elkrief, D. Benten, J.L. Montero, M.V. Catalina, M. Concepción, J. Cordoba, A. McCormick, R. Stauber, W. Vogel, A. De Gottardi, M. Peck-Radosavljevic, H. van Vlierberghe, J. Sperl, H. Groenbaek, C. Mortensen, M.J. Coenraad, F. Morando, M. Domenicali, A. Gerbes, A. Risso, E. Garcia, C. Deulofeu, M. Bernardi, V. Arroyo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
P127 Radiological diagnosis of emphysema, pneumothorax and bullae: case for tobacco and cannabis smoking histories: Abstract P127 Table 1.
Authors: B Selvarajah, R Colliver, C Cleland, P Beddoes, S Howling, LJ Restrick, M Stern
Journal: Thorax (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> There is increasing evidence that cannabis smoking, combined with tobacco, increases the risk of emphysema and bullous lung disease (BLF Report 2012). The aim of this retrospective case study was to determine the prevalence of tobacco and/or cannabis smoking amongst patients &lt; 50 years with radiologically-diagnosed emphysema, pneumothorax or bullous lung disease, and to assess the quality of smoking documentation. <h3>Methods</h3> A list of all high-resolution computerised tomography (HRCT) scans over 2 years (Jan2010-Dec2012), of patients ≤50 years at scan date was generated from the radiology database. All scans were reviewed by a Consultant Thoracic Radiologist to confirm accuracy of initial reports. Case notes of all patients with radiological emphysema, pneumothorax or bullous lung disease were reviewed for tobacco and cannabis smoking histories to examine the relationship with abnormalities. <h3>Results</h3> 361 HRCTs were performed over 2 years in ≤50 year olds. 91/361 (25.2%) scans were reported as emphysema, pneumothorax or bullae. 85/91 notes were available for analysis and 62/85 (73%) had full smoking histories recorded; 7/85(8.2%) tobacco smoking history not recorded and 22/85(25.9%) cannabis smoking history not recorded. 27/48 (56%) current tobacco smokers with an abnormal HRCT also smoke cannabis. There were no cannabis-only smokers and only 6/62 (9.7%) were never-smokers (tobacco&amp;cannabis). 56/62 (90%) abnormal HRCTs were in ex/current tobacco smokers and 27/62 (44%) were in current tobacco&amp;cannabis smokers. There was a higher prevalence of pneumothoraces and bullae with a cannabis and tobacco smoking history than for tobacco alone but this was not statistically significant different (chi-squared STATA) (Table1). <h3>Conclusion</h3> More than half of tobacco smokers with abnormal HRCTs also had a history of previous and current cannabis smoking. Despite these findings 25% of patients with abnormal HRCTs had no documentation regarding cannabis smoking. This population of ≤50 years olds with abnormal HRCTs did not smoke cannabis without tobacco. While not statistically significant, bullae and pneumothoraces were more frequently observed in patients who smoked tobacco with cannabis compared to tobacco alone. Larger studies are needed to further understand the additive effect of cannabis smoking to tobacco-induced lung damage. These studies will require systematic recording of both tobacco and cannabis smoking histories.
Deletion of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 promotes the development of atherosclerosis and arterial neointima formation
Authors: Makoto Sahara, Masayasu Ikutomi, Toshihiro Morita, Yoshiyasu Minami, Toshiaki Nakajima, Yasunobu Hirata, Ryozo Nagai, Masataka Sata
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2013)

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is known as a negative regulator of the renin–angiotensin system. We aimed to determine the roles of ACE2 on the development of vascular diseases. Using two diversely different models of vascular diseases, hyperlipidaemia-induced atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout (KO) mice and mechanical injury-induced arterial neointimal hyperplasia in C57Bl6 mice, we examined whether ACE2 deficiency could affect formation of the vascular lesions. ACE2 deficiency resulted in significantly larger vascular lesions in both aortic atherosclerotic plaques and arterial neointima formation, compared with ACE2+ control. These ACE2-deficient vascular lesions exhibited enhanced accumulation of macrophages into the lesions and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), accompanied with increased angiotensin-II (Ang-II) levels and enhanced expression of vascular inflammation-related genes, including vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)9 in aorta/artery tissues. Primary bone marrow macrophages and aortic VSMCs isolated from ACE2 KO mice also displayed enhanced pro-inflammatory responsiveness such as up-regulated gene/protein expression of VCAM-1, MCP-1, and MMP9 to stimulation with tumour necrosis factor-α and Ang-II. The similar phenotype was shown in human macrophages and aortic VSMCs that were transfected with ACE2-specific siRNA. In ACE2-deficient VSMCs, inhibition of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) by pharmacological blockade with SP600125 or genetic knockdown with JNK-specific siRNA significantly attenuated their pro-inflammatory phenotype. ACE2 deficiency promotes the development of vascular diseases associated with Ang-II-mediated vascular inflammation and activation of the JNK signalling, leading to the notion that ACE2 potentially confers protection against vascular diseases.
Liver ATP Synthesis Is Lower and Relates to Insulin Sensitivity in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Albrecht Ingo Schmid, Julia Szendroedi, Marek Chmelik, Martin Krššák, Ewald Moser, Michael Roden
Journal: Diabetes Care (2011)

OBJECTIVE Steatosis associates with insulin resistance and may even predict type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular complications. Because muscular insulin resistance relates to myocellular fat deposition and disturbed energy metabolism, we hypothesized that reduced hepatic ATP turnover (fATP) underlies insulin resistance and elevated hepatocellular lipid (HCL) contents. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We measured hepatic fATP using 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy in patients with type 2 diabetes and age- and body mass–matched controls. Peripheral (M and M/I) and hepatic (suppression of endogenous glucose production) insulin sensitivity were assessed with euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamps. RESULTS Diabetic individuals had 29% and 28% lower peripheral and hepatic insulin sensitivity as well as 42% reduced fATP than controls. After adjusting for HCL, fATP correlated positively with peripheral and hepatic insulin sensitivity but negatively with waist circumference, BMI, and fasting plasma glucose. Multiple regression analysis identified waist circumference as an independent predictor of fATP and inorganic phosphate (PI) concentrations, explaining 65% (P = 0.001) and 56% (P = 0.003) of the variations. Hepatocellular PI primarily determined the alterations in fATP. CONCLUSIONS In patients with type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance relates to perturbed hepatic energy metabolism, which is at least partly accounted for by fat depots.
Genetic risk, coronary heart disease events, and the clinical benefit of statin therapy: an analysis of primary and secondary prevention trials
Authors: Jessica L Mega, Nathan O Stitziel, J Gustav Smith, Daniel I Chasman, Mark J Caulfield, James J Devlin, Francesco Nordio, Craig L Hyde, Christopher P Cannon, Frank M Sacks, Neil R Poulter, Peter S Sever, Paul M Ridker, Eugene Braunwald, Olle Melander, Sekar Kathiresan, Marc S Sabatine
Journal: The Lancet (2015)
Telomerase Inhibition and Cell Growth Arrest After Telomestatin Treatment in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Masood A. Shammas, Robert J. Shmookler Reis, Cheng Li, Hemanta Koley, Laurence H. Hurley, Kenneth C. Anderson, Nikhil C. Munshi
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract Purpose: The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of telomestatin, an intramolecular G-quadruplex intercalating drug with specificity for telomeric sequences, as a potential therapeutic agent for multiple myeloma. Experimental Design: We treated ARD, ARP, and MM1S myeloma cells with various concentrations of telomestatin for 7 days and evaluated for telomerase activity. Myeloma cells were treated with the minimal effective telomestatin concentration for 3–5 weeks. Every 7th day the fraction of live cells was determined by trypan blue exclusion, aliquots of cells were removed for various molecular assays, and the remaining cells were replated at the same cell number and at the same concentration of telomestatin. Telomere length, apoptosis, and gene expression changes were monitored as described in detail in “Materials and Methods.” Results: Telomestatin treatment led to inhibition of telomerase activity, reduction in telomere length, and apoptotic cell death in ARD, MM1S, and ARP myeloma cells. Gene expression profile after 1 and 7 days of telomestatin treatment revealed ≥2-fold change in only 6 (0.027%) and 51 (0.23%) of 33,000 genes surveyed, respectively. No changes were seen in expression of genes involved in cell cycle, apoptosis, DNA repair, or recombination. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that telomestatin exerts its antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects in myeloma cells via inhibition of telomerase and subsequent reduction in telomere length. We conclude that telomerase is an important potential therapeutic target for multiple myeloma therapy, and G-quadruplex interacting agents with specificity for binding to telomeric sequences can be important agents for additional evaluation.
Detection, scoring and volume assessment of bone erosions by ultrasonography in rheumatoid arthritis: comparison with CT
Authors: Uffe Møller Døhn, Lene Terslev, Marcin Szkudlarek, Michael Sejer Hansen, Merete Lund Hetland, Annette Hansen, Ole Rintek Madsen, Maria Hasselquist, Jakob Møller, Mikkel Østergaard
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2012)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To determine the accuracy of ultrasonography (US) for bone erosion detection in different areas of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints with multislice CT as the reference method. Second, to establish the necessary bone volume loss on CT for US to reliably detect it as an erosion, and finally to compare two semiquantitative US-erosion scoring methods. <h3>Methods</h3> The 2nd–5th MCP joints of 49 patients with RA were examined by CT and US, and evaluated for the presence of bone erosion in each MCP joint quadrant. On CT, erosion volume was scored according to the OMERACT-RAMRIS score (bone volume loss in 10% increments of original bone volume). US erosions were scored 0–3 according to the Szkudlarek and Scoring by UltraSound Structural erosion (ScUSSe) systems, respectively. <h3>Results</h3> Seven hundred and eighty-four MCP joint quadrants were examined. Erosions were detected by CT in 259 quadrants and by US in 142 quadrants. Sensitivity/specificity/accuracy of US was overall 44%/95%/78% compared with 71%/95%/90% in areas with good US accessibility (radial 2nd MCP, ulnar 5th MCP and all dorsal/palmar aspects). US detected 95% of erosions with bone volume loss &gt;20%. In US accessible areas, 63% of erosions with 1–10% bone volume loss and 94% of erosions with &gt;10% bone loss were detected. The two US scoring systems agreed well on large erosions, whereas the smallest erosions (Szkudlarek grade 1, of which 86% were confirmed by CT) were not scored by ScUSSe. <h3>Conclusion</h3> In accessible areas, US was highly accurate for detection and semiquantitative assessment of RA bone erosion. Even the smallest erosions, only detected in one plane, were generally confirmed by CT.