tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
OP02 Prevalence and severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in a large prospective primary care cohort with abnormal liver function tests
Authors: M Armstrong, D Houlihan, L Bentham, J Shaw, S Olliff, J Neuberger, R Lilford, P Newsome
Journal: Gut (2010)

Introduction  An unexpected finding of abnormal liver function tests (ALFTs) is common in primary care. Currently there is a lack of data for determining the severity of liver disease, in particular nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), in the primary care setting.  Aim  To determine the causes of unexpected ALFTs in a large primary care cohort. To determine the prevalence and severity of NAFLD in this cohort.  Method  We analysed patients presenting with ALFTs, in the absence of known liver disease, to 8 primary care practices in Birmingham between 2006 and 2008. NAFLD was diagnosed in subjects with fatty liver on ultrasound (USS), negative liver aetiology screen, and alcohol consumption of =21 & =14 units/week in males and females, respectively. As a sub-study we calculated the NAFLD Fibrosis Score (NFS) (Angulo, Hepatology 2007) to estimate the presence of advanced liver fibrosis (F3/F4 Kleiner classification) in subjects who met the diagnostic criteria for NAFLD.  Results  Data from 1118 adult patients were analysed: 56% male; 83.9% white race; Age 60 years (48–70); 23.5% type 2 diabetes; 52.2% hypertension; body mass index 28.7 kg/m 2  (25.5–33.1) (values expressed as median (IQR) or %). Regarding alcohol consumption, 42.5% were non-drinkers, 32.2% drank within UK guidelines (male=21, female=14 units/week) and 26.3% drank in excess.  Liver aetiologies identified included alcohol-induced liver disease (25.7%), haemochromatosis/carrier (1.1%), viral hepatitis B/C (0.91%), primary biliary cirrhosis (0.8%), alpha-1-antitryspin deficiency (0.18%) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (0.18%). Aetiology remained unexplained (normal USS, negative liver aetiology screen and alcohol consumption within UK guidelines) in 479 subjects, although at least 18% of this group had 2+ factors of the metabolic syndrome.  NAFLD was diagnosed in 26.4% (295/1118) of cases. A high NFS (>0.676) was found in 7.6% of these cases indicating the presence of advanced liver fibrosis. The presence of advanced fibrosis could not be confidently excluded in 35.2% of NAFLD patients who had an “indeterminate” NFS (−1.455 to 0.676), indicating the need for further investigation. Although NFS was validated in a secondary care cohort and may over-read severity in primary care, it is currently the best validated non-invasive method of assessing liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD.  Conclusion  NAFLD accounts for over a quarter of patients with ALFTs in primary care (26.9%). Of the patients with NAFLD a significant proportion either have advanced fibrosis (7.6%) or require further investigation (35.2%). This highlights the growing burden of NAFLD, and the need for validated methods of assessing NAFLD disease severity in primary care.
A combination of low-dose prolonged infusional gemcitabine and oral treosulfan in platinum- and taxane-refractory Mullerian carcinomas: A phase II study
Authors: C. M. Kurbacher, U. Reinhold, R. Reichelt, E.-M. Cramer, I. A. Cree
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

5064 The GeT regimen - gemcitabine (dFdC) + treosulfan (TREO) - has been found to be active in metatastic melanoma and refractory epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC). However, the q3w regimen with dFdC at 1250mg/m2 day 1+8 and TREO at 5000 mg/m2 day 1 was associated with myelosuppression negatively influencing dose intensity and, consecutively, progression-free survival (PFS). Since maintaining cellular accumulation appears to be crucial for long-lasting responses, this phase II trial in platinum- and taxane refractory Mullerian carcinomas (MC) was set up using a modified q2w GeT protocol with dFdC at 450 mg/m2 (3 h infusion) day 1 and oral TREO at 1000 mg/m2 day 1–4. A total of 25 patients (pts) were included (EOC: n=24; papillary-serous endometrial carcinoma: n=1). Patients had failed a median of 2 prior Ctx (1: n=9; 2: n=6; 3: n=5; 4: n=2; 5: n=2) including platinum and paclitaxel in all, anthracyclines in 9 and topotecan or dFdC in either 4 pts. A total of 145 cycles were given with a median of 6 (range: 2–10). All pts had measurable or evaluable disease according to the RECIST and Rustin criteria, repectively. All treatments were evaluable for both toxicity and response. Anemia which was never therapy-limiting was frequent but exceeded NCI-CTC grade 2 in only 8/145 cycles (6%). Leukopenia > grade 2 was not observed. In one patient, interval prolongation was necessary due to febrile urinary tract infection. In another patient, treatment was terminated due to non-lethal pulmonary embolism. Other toxicities did not exceed NCI-CTC grade 1 nor did any other patient require hospitalization due to therapy-related toxicities. A total of 9 CR and 4 PR were recorded accounting for an objective response rate of 52%; 6 pts achieved SD and 6 pts progressed on GeT. The median progression-free survival was 29 weeks. Until now, only 5 pts have died, so that the median overall survival is not yet reached. Facing the intensive pre-treatment of the pts studied, it can be concluded that the modified GeT protocol is well tolerated and exhibits a promising clinical activity in MC refractory to both platinum and taxanes that warrants further exploration in large-scaled clinical trials. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration L.a.n.c.e. Inc.
Hepatitis C Virus Infection Involves CD34+Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells in Hepatitis C Virus Chronic Carriers
Authors: Domenico Sansonno, Claudio Lotesoriere, Vito Cornacchiulo, Massimo Fanelli, Pietro Gatti, Giuseppe Iodice, Vito Racanelli, Franco Dammacco
Journal: Blood (1998)
Presence of tumor cells in bone marrow but not in blood is associated with adverse prognosis in patients with Ewing's tumor. Société Française d'Oncologie Pédiatrique.
Authors: C Fagnou, J Michon, M Peter, A Bernoux, O Oberlin, J M Zucker, H Magdelenat, O Delattre
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

PURPOSE Gene fusions that result from the chromosome translocations observed in Ewing's tumor (ET) provide tumor-specific markers that can be used to detect the presence of tumor cells in peripheral blood (PB), bone marrow (BM), and stem cell collection (SCC). These markers were used to evaluate, at diagnosis, a series of 67 ET patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS RNA was extracted from nucleated cells from PB and BM and a nested reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to search for EWS-FLI-1 or EWS-ERG fusion transcripts that resulted from the t(11;22) or t(21;22) translocations, respectively. RESULTS At diagnosis, 16 of 62 (26%) patients had circulating tumor cells. This was not correlated with any clinical parameter. In contrast, Ewing's cells were detected by RT-PCR in BM in 14 of 43 (33%) patients and were associated with the presence of clinically detectable metastases and a statistically significant unfavorable outcome in univariate analysis. There was no correlation between the RT-PCR results in PB and in BM. CONCLUSION These results suggested that the monitoring of BM but not of PB by RT-PCR might constitute an important criterion for the staging, at diagnosis, of patients with ET. Further studies should appreciate the relationship or independence of this marker toward other classical prognostic factors in ET, particularly to the presence of clinically detectable metastases.
Cognitive function in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with a history of neuropsychiatric manifestations: a longitudinal study
Authors: Y Gao, Y Lo, Jhy Wan, Eyy Lau, CS Lau, MY Mok
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)

This free journal suppl. entitled: Special Issue: 2014 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting Abstract Supplement
MDV3100 effects on androgen receptor (AR) signaling and bone marrow testosterone concentration modulation: Apreliminary report.
Authors: E. Efstathiou, M. A. Titus, D. Tsavachidou, A. Hoang, M. Karlou, S. Wen, P. Troncoso, R. Ashe, C. J. Berman, J. Mohler, C. Logothetis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

4501
Coproduction of Regan Isoenzyme and Carcinoembryonic Antigen in HCT-8 Cells 2
Authors: R. M. Singer, W. A. F. Tompkins, L. J. White, J. E. Perry
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

Journal Article Coproduction of Regan Isoenzyme and Carcinoembryonic Antigen in HCT-8 Cells Get access R. M. Singer, R. M. Singer 3Tufts Cancer Research Center and the Department of Pathology, Tufts University Medical School, Boston, Mass. 02111. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar W. A. F. Tompkins, W. A. F. Tompkins 4Center for Zoonoses and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, Ill. 62802. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar L. J. White, L. J. White 3Tufts Cancer Research Center and the Department of Pathology, Tufts University Medical School, Boston, Mass. 02111. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. E. Perry J. E. Perry 3Tufts Cancer Research Center and the Department of Pathology, Tufts University Medical School, Boston, Mass. 02111. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 56, Issue 1, January 1976, Pages 175–178, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/56.1.175 Published: 01 January 1976 Article history Received: 30 June 1975 Accepted: 28 August 1975 Published: 01 January 1976
Periodontitis induced by<i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i>drives periodontal microbiota dysbiosis and insulin resistance via an impaired adaptive immune response
Authors: Vincent Blasco-Baque, Lucile Garidou, Céline Pomié, Quentin Escoula, Pascale Loubieres, Sandrine Le Gall-David, Mathieu Lemaitre, Simon Nicolas, Pascale Klopp, Aurélie Waget, Vincent Azalbert, André Colom, Martine Bonnaure-Mallet, Philippe Kemoun, Matteo Serino, Rémy Burcelin
Journal: Gut (2016)

To identify a causal mechanism responsible for the enhancement of insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia following periodontitis in mice fed a fat-enriched diet.We set-up a unique animal model of periodontitis in C57Bl/6 female mice by infecting the periodontal tissue with specific and alive pathogens like Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Fusobacterium nucleatum and Prevotella intermedia. The mice were then fed with a diabetogenic/non-obesogenic fat-enriched diet for up to 3 months. Alveolar bone loss, periodontal microbiota dysbiosis and features of glucose metabolism were quantified. Eventually, adoptive transfer of cervical (regional) and systemic immune cells was performed to demonstrate the causal role of the cervical immune system.Periodontitis induced a periodontal microbiota dysbiosis without mainly affecting gut microbiota. The disease concomitantly impacted on the regional and systemic immune response impairing glucose metabolism. The transfer of cervical lymph-node cells from infected mice to naive recipients guarded against periodontitis-aggravated metabolic disease. A treatment with inactivated Pg prior to the periodontal infection induced specific antibodies against Pg and protected the mouse from periodontitis-induced dysmetabolism. Finally, a 1-month subcutaneous chronic infusion of low rates of lipopolysaccharides from Pg mimicked the impact of periodontitis on immune and metabolic parameters.We identified that insulin resistance in the high-fat fed mouse is enhanced by pathogen-induced periodontitis. This is caused by an adaptive immune response specifically directed against pathogens and associated with a periodontal dysbiosis.
The effects of surgery type on pretreatment distress and negative expectations in women scheduled for gynecologic surgery
Authors: S. C. Higgins, J. B. Schnur, G. H. Montgomery, K. Zakashansky, D. H. Bovbjerg, P. Dottino
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e20562 Background: Most women with gynecologic cancer must undergo surgery as part of their treatment. Research suggests that laparoscopic surgery may lead to fewer side effects and faster recovery than laparotomy. Clinically, however, it is unclear if these benefits have led to decreased levels of emotional distress in patients prior to the procedure and/or to reduced expectations of negative side effects. The purpose of the present study was to assess and compare levels of emotional distress and expectations for postoperative discomfort and pain in women scheduled for either laparoscopic gynecological procedures, or laparotomy. Methods: Fifty-nine women scheduled for gynecologic surgery (mean age = 52.0 years) were recruited to this study. The dependent variables, pretreatment emotional distress and expectations of postoperative pain and discomfort, were assessed in the clinic with a numeric rating scales (0–10) prior to surgery. The independent variable, surgery type, was categorized into: minor laparoscopic, major laparoscopic, and laparotomy. Results: Univariate analyses revealed that mean distress levels between minor laparoscopic (x = 3.4), major laparoscopic (x = 4.2) and laparotomy (x = 3.8) did not differ (p&gt;.1), nor did expectations of pain or discomfort (p's&gt;.1). Demographic variables (age, race, education, marital status) did not show bivariate relationships with pre-surgical distress or expectations and therefore were not controlled for in the models. Conclusions: Based on the present results, the benefits of laparoscopic gynecologic surgery do not appear to affect patients’ levels of pretreatment distress or expectations of negative outcomes. The results suggest that women undergoing even minor gynecologic surgery may benefit from interventions to reduce preoperative distress, which has been shown to be a risk factor for increased postoperative side effects. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Changes in tumor expression of HER2 and hormone receptors status after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in 21 755 patients from the Japanese breast cancer registry
Authors: N. Niikura, A. Tomotaki, H. Miyata, T. Iwamoto, M. Kawai, K. Anan, N. Hayashi, K. Aogi, T. Ishida, H. Masuoka, K. Iijima, S. Masuda, K. Tsugawa, T. Kinoshita, S. Nakamura, Y. Tokuda
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Radioactive Fall-out in Air and Rain
Journal: BMJ (1963)

Airborne particulate radioactivity in the vicinity of the United Kingdom has been sampled for a number of years in the lower stratosphere, in the troposphere, and at ground level. Measurements have been made of the total activity and of certain individual fission products. The results, reduced to monthly mean values, are tabulated and presented graphically. From these data and from rain water results previously published it is shown that the usefulness of the total activity as a biologlcal or meteorological parameter is limited; the deposition of individual fission product activity by rain is a less consistent index of meteorological phenomena than the concentration of activity in air or in rain; the concentration of individual fission product activity in rain is proportional to that in air in the troposphere and for short periods bears a simple inverse relationship to rainfall; the seasonal variation of individual fission product activity observed in air and rain supports the view that this phenomenon has a meteorological origin; the concentrations in air and rain of long-lived fission product activity reached maximum values in 1959 and have since decreased significantly; from the ratios of certain fission products the proportion of new activity introduced by test explosions maymore » be calculated for the latitudes of the United Kingdom; the propertions are different for the troposphere and for the lower stratosphere; and from a simplified calculation of the stratospheric inventory, a rough estimate is made of the stratospheric residence time. (auth)« less
Both IgG- and C1q-receptors play a role in the enhanced binding of IgG complexes to human mesangial cells.
Authors: M E van den Dobbelsteen, F J van der Woude, W E Schroeijers, N Klar-Mohamad, L A van Es, M R Daha
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1996)

The presence of immunoglobulin G (IgG) in the mesangial area in kidneys of patients with different forms of glomerulonephritis suggests a role for IgG in the inflammatory process. This study investigates whether IgG is able to bind to cultured human mesangial cells (MC) in vitro. Incubation of MC with 125I-aggregated IgG(125I-AIgG), as a model for immune complexes (IC), at 4 degrees C resulted in a time- and dose-dependent binding of 125I-AIgG to MC. The binding of 125I-AIgG to MC was inhibited by excess AIgG or Fc-fragments and not by F(ab')2-fragments or human serum albumin (HSA). Scatchard analysis revealed the presence of 2.8.10(6) receptors/cell with an affinity of 9.7.10(7) M-1. Incubation of MC with 125I-C1q resulted in a time- and dose-dependent binding of 125I-C1q to MC. The binding of 125I-C1q was inhibited by excess C1q or C1q talls and not by HSA. Scatchard analysis revealed the presence of 3.2.10(7) binding sites/cell with an affinity of 1.4.10(7) M-1. Immunoprecipitation of 125I-labeled MC membrane proteins with C1q or monoclonal antibodies directed against human C1q-R revealed a single 66 to 68 kd band under reducing conditions. Fluorescence-activated cell-sorter analysis revealed an average of 60.1% +/- 5.4% of the cells positive with a mean channel of fluorescence of 592. A cooperative effect between C1q-R and Fc gamma-R in the binding of 125I-AIgG to MC, was assessed by incubation of 125I-AIgG in the presence of increasing concentrations of C1q, C1q talls, or delta C1q. Only intact C1q showed a 6- to 11-fold enhancement in binding of 125I-AIgG to MC. These studies demonstrate the occurrence of C1q-R and Fc gamma-R on MC and indicate that binding of IC is enhanced after interaction of IC with C1q.
Imaging of the nasal mucosa in patients with cystic fibrosis using optical coherence tomography
Authors: Ute Oltmanns, Karin Palmowski, Nicolas Kahn, Ralf Eberhardt, Sabine Wege, Matthias Wiebel, Michael Kreuter, Felix Herth, Marcus Mall
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is common in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and potentially linked to persistent bacterial colonization of the lungs. However, details on structural changes of the nasal mucosa in CF patients are largely unknown. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a new high-resolution imaging technique that allows real-time visualization of tissue structures.  Methods: A chronic sinusitis symptom score was obtained from 10 healthy controls and 10 CF patients using the validated SNOT-20 GAV questionnaire. Cross-sectional OCT images of the nasal mucosa were obtained and analyzed paying specific attention to the identification of structural details of the mucosa. Epithelial layer and total mucosal layer thickness were measured.  Results: CRS scores were significantly higher in CF patients compared to healthy controls. OCT images showed details of the nasal mucosa including epithelium, basement membrane, lamina propria with seromucinous glands, vessels and cartilage. Mean nasal mucosa thickness was increased in patients with CF compared to healthy controls (1,63 ± 0,07mm vs 1,02 ± 0,05mm, respectively, p  Conclusion: OCT is a new optical tool that allows near microscopic imaging of the nasal mucosa. Our results show that nasal OCT imaging is feasible and provides valuable in-vivo information on structural changes associated with CRS in CF. Further studies will show how these changes correlate with bacterial colonization, disease severity and radiological features of CRS.
P0221 : Acquired resistance to sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma is mediated by tumor initiating cells (cancer stem cells)
Authors: V. Tovar, H. Cornellà, A. Moeni, S. Vidal, Y. Hoshida, D. Sia, J. Peix, C. Alsinet, I.M. Quetglas, M. Solé, J. Domingo-Domenech, A. Villanueva, J.M. Llovet
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
Monoclonal IgM Antibodies That Inhibit Primary Moloney Murine Sarcoma Growth&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: E W Lamon, T J Powell, A S Walia, B I Lidin, R V Srinivas, J G Baskin, J F Kearney
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1987)

Monoclonal IgM antibodies with specificity for Moloney murine sarcoma virus (M-MuSV)-Moloney murine leukemia virus (M-MuLV) from two hybridoma clones have been isolated and characterized. The monoclonal antibodies have specificity for a cytoplasmic and cell surface Friend-Moloney-Rauscher group-specific antigen. Immunoelectron microscopy revealed antibody binding to the surface of virus-expressing cells but not to the budding virus particles. Treatment of M-MuSV-injected mice with monoclonal IgM anti-M-MuSV significantly inhibited tumor growth compared to virus-inoculated animals receiving either saline or MOPC 104E. Nude mice exhibited delayed tumor induction following treatment with the monoclonal antibodies but ultimately died from tumor growth. Virus-injected euthymic mice that were treated with monoclonal IgM anti-M-MuSV generated a potentiated spleen cell-mediated cytotoxicity against Moloney sarcoma cells compared to virus-infected treated with saline. This potentiation of cytotoxicity remained after trypsinization of the spleen cells and thus was probably not due to passively adsorbed monoclonal antibody. The antibodies alone or in the presence of complement did not neutralize M-MuLV. The IgM antibodies induced specific tumor cell cytotoxicity in vitro mediated by complement spleen cells, lymph node cells, or thymus cells. In conclusion, two monoclonal IgM anti-M-MuSV antibodies that bind to the tumor cell surface did not neutralize virus can inhibit primary M-MuSV-induced tumor growth in vivo. The regression event appeared to involve heterogeneous mechanisms. Complete regression remained thymus dependent even with passive antibody therapy, but significant tumor growth inhibition was produced independent of T-cells. In vitro these IgM antibodies induced complement and cell-mediated cytotoxicity.
Ifosfamide given by continuous-intravenous infusion in association with vinorelbine in patients with anthracycline-resistant metastatic breast cancer: A phase I–II clinical trial
Authors: C. Campisi, A. Fabi, P. Papaldo, S. Tomao, B. Massidda, A. Zappala, M.T. Ionta, F. Cognetti
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1998)