Physical Fitness and Risk for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Reducing Risk at Any Weight
Authors: Peter T. Katzmarzyk
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2016)

Editorials3 May 2016Physical Fitness and Risk for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Reducing Risk at Any WeightPeter T. Katzmarzyk, PhDPeter T. Katzmarzyk, PhDFrom Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M16-0269 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Physical inactivity is an important risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and accounts for approximately 7% of cases of type 2 DM worldwide (1). However, less is known about the relationship between components of physical fitness and type 2 DM. Cardiorespiratory fitness is a powerful predictor of several health outcomes, including all-cause mortality rates (2). Muscular fitness is also a protective factor against the development of metabolic syndrome (3) and the prevention of premature death (4); however, its role in the prevention of type 2 DM has been studied less.In this week's Annals, Crump and colleagues (5) ...References1. Lee IM, Shiroma EJ, Lobelo F, Puska P, Blair SN, Katzmarzyk PT; Lancet Physical Activity Series Working Group. Effect of physical inactivity on major non-communicable diseases worldwide: an analysis of burden of disease and life expectancy. Lancet. 2012;380:219-29. [PMID: 22818936] doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61031-9 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Barry VW, Baruth M, Beets MW, Durstine JL, Liu J, Blair SN. Fitness vs. fatness on all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2014;56:382-90. [PMID: 24438729] doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2013.09.002 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Jurca R, Lamonte MJ, Barlow CE, Kampert JB, Church TS, Blair SN. Association of muscular strength with incidence of metabolic syndrome in men. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2005;37:1849-55. [PMID: 16286852] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Katzmarzyk PT, Craig CL. Musculoskeletal fitness and risk of mortality. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2002;34:740-4. [PMID: 11984288] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. Crump C, Sundquist J, Winkleby MA, Sieh W, Sundquist K. Physical fitness among Swedish military conscripts and long-term risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus. A cohort study. Ann Intern Med. 2016;164:577-84. doi:10.7326/M15-2002 LinkGoogle Scholar6. Katzmarzyk PT, Church TS, Blair SN. Cardiorespiratory fitness attenuates the effects of the metabolic syndrome on all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in men. Arch Intern Med. 2004;164:1092-7. [PMID: 15159266] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar7. Church TS, Cheng YJ, Earnest CP, Barlow CE, Gibbons LW, Priest EL, et al. Exercise capacity and body composition as predictors of mortality among men with diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2004;27:83-8. [PMID: 14693971] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar8. Knowler WC, Barrett-Connor E, Fowler SE, Hamman RF, Lachin JM, Walker EA, et al; Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group. Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin. N Engl J Med. 2002;346:393-403. [PMID: 11832527] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar9. Ross R, Dagnone D, Jones PJ, Smith H, Paddags A, Hudson R, et al. Reduction in obesity and related comorbid conditions after diet-induced weight loss or exercise-induced weight loss in men. A randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med. 2000;133:92-103. [PMID: 10896648] LinkGoogle Scholar10. Church TS, Blair SN, Cocreham S, Johannsen N, Johnson W, Kramer K, et al. Effects of aerobic and resistance training on hemoglobin A1c levels in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2010;304:2253-62. [PMID: 21098771] doi:10.1001/jama.2010.1710 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana.Disclosures: The author has disclosed no conflicts of interest. The form can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=M16-0269.Corresponding Author: Peter T. Katzmarzyk, PhD, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA 70808; e-mail, peter.[email protected]edu.This article was published at www.annals.org on 8 March 2016. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoPhysical Fitness Among Swedish Military Conscripts and Long-Term Risk for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Casey Crump , Jan Sundquist , Marilyn A. Winkleby , Weiva Sieh , and Kristina Sundquist Metrics Cited byQuality-of-Life Determinants in People with Diabetes Mellitus in EuropeGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Strategies To Improve Their Efficiency 3 May 2016Volume 164, Issue 9Page: 620-621KeywordsBody mass indexExerciseMetabolic syndromeMortalityOverweightPhysical fitnessPrevention, policy, and public healthProspective studiesRelative riskType 2 diabetes ePublished: 8 March 2016 Issue Published: 3 May 2016 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2016 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...