tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1779: Serum level of DKK1 as a marker for predicting tumor recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Edmund KK Tung, Carmen KM Mak, Joyce MF Lee, Jin J. Li, Ronnie TP poon, Ching L. Lai, John MC Luk, Irene O. L Ng
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Dickkopf-1 (DKK1), an inhibitor of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway, is upregulated in various cancers including HCC. However, the clinical significance of serum DKK1 in hepatocellullar carcinoma (HCC) remains to be determined. The objective of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of DKK1 and its prognostic value in predicting survival and tumor recurrence in human HCC. Two independent cohorts with 217 and 100 pairs of tumors and corresponding nontumor livers were employed for microarray analysis and real time-quantitative PCR (qPCR), respectively, to investigate the DKK1 transcript levels in human HCC samples. The serum levels of DKK1 were determined in 50 patients with early HCC, 50 patients with advanced HCC, 50 patients with cirrhosis, 50 hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers, and 30 HCC patients after liver resection, using sandwich ELISA system. Transcript level of DKK1 in the human HCCs was found to be significantly upregulated as compared with the corresponding nontumorous livers in both microarray (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and qPCR cohorts (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Increased expression of DKK1 was associated with advanced tumor stage (P &amp;lt; 0.001), venous infiltration (P &amp;lt; 0.001), high serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Higher level of DKK1 correlated with both poorer overall survival (P = 0.016) and tumor recurrence (P = 0.014). On the other hand, the serum DKK1 level in the group of HBV carriers without HCC (as control) was not significantly different from that of the cirrhosis group (P = 0.086). In contrast, the serum DKK1 level was significantly higher in patients with early HCC (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and advanced HCC (P &amp;lt; 0.001), as compared with the HBV carrier group. Furthermore, the serum DKK1 level in patients after liver resection was significantly reduced (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Higher serum DKK1 level was associated with tumor recurrence (P = 0.046). To conclude, our data have demonstrated that tissue and serum DKK1 levels were significantly and progressively elevated during HCC formation and progression. DKK1 has prognostic role in predicting overall survival and disease-free survival of HCC patients, and serum DKK1 is a potential biomarker for predicting tumor recurrence. (The study was supported in part by a grant from the NSFC/RGC Joint Research Scheme [N_HKU 716/06] and an RGC Collaborative Research Grant [HKU 1/06C]. IOLN is a Loke Yew Professor in Pathology) Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1779.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies of Cancer. VI. Relationship Among Spin-Lattice Relaxation Times, Growth Rate, and Water Content of Morris Hepatomas2
Authors: Donald P. Hollis, Leon A. Saryan, Joseph C. Eggleston, Harold P. Morris
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

Relaxation time(s) (T1), growth rates, and the water content of six Morris hepatomas, several murine tumors, and a selection of normal tissues indicated that malignant tumors did not always exhibit longer T1 values than any normal tissue, as previously suspected. This overlap raised the possibility of confusion between normal and malignant tissues studied by this method. Tissue T1 values depended primarily on the hydration of the tissue and correlated well with water content determinations. A rough correlation of T1 and water content with tumor growth rate was also observed.
FRI0015 The effect of cxcl10 blockade in c protein-induced myositis
Authors: J. Kim, J. Choi, S. Chang, K. Shin, S.-H. Park, H. W. Kim, H. Oh, M. J. Yoon, E. Y. Lee, E. B. Lee, H. Kawachi, H. Kohsaka, Y.-W. Song
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> CXCL10 (also called interferon-γ-inducible protein 10 [IP-10]) is a chemokine that plays a critical role in the infiltration of T cell in autoimmune disease such as RA and SLE. CXCL10 is reported to be expressed in muscle tissue of polymyositis. <h3>Objectives</h3> We investigated the role of CXCL10 and the effect of CXCL10 blockade in C protein-induced myositis, an animal model of polymyositis. <h3>Methods</h3> C protein-induced myositis model was induced with human skeletal C protein fragment in 8-week-old female C57BL/6 mice. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect CXCL10 and CXCR3, its receptor in muscle tissue. CXCR3 in mouse splenocyte was investigated by flow cytometry. Migration assay of mouse splenocyte was performed with 5 μm pore transwell system. Mice with C protein-induced myositis were treated with anti-CXCL10 antibody or control IgG 8 days after the induction of myositis and the inflammation in muscle tissue was assessed 3 week after the induction. <h3>Results</h3> Immunohistochemistry showed the expression of CXCL10 and CXCR3 in the muscle of C protein-induced myositis. Flow cytometry demonstrated increased CXCR3+CD4+ T cells (normal mice, 14.14%±1.09% vs. C protein-induced myositis, 37.50%±5.63%) and CXCR3+CD8+ T cells (normal mice, 35.55±2.41% vs. C protein-induced myositis, 79.00%±0.89%) in C protein-induced myositis. Moreover, it was showed that IFN-γ+ cells were increased among CXCR3+CD8+ T cells compared to CXCR3-CD8+ T cells (CXCR3+CD8+ T cell, 28.0 ± 4.2% vs. CXCR3-CD8+ T cell, 9.5 ± 1.5%, p = 0.016). Migration of splenocyte was increased in response to CXCL10 (chemotactic index=1.91±0.45). Treatment with anti-CXCL10 antibody (n=10) showed less inflammation score in muscles than treatment with control IgG (n=10; median [range], anti IP-10, 0.75 [0.25-2.00] vs. control IgG, 1.43 [1.125-4.25], p=0.045). <h3>Conclusions</h3> CXCL10 was expressed in the inflammation of C protein-induced myositis model and its blockade suppressed inflammation in muscle. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Abstract 1546: CD44 cleavage promotes anoikis resistance in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Xu Qian, Pachiyappan Kamarajan, Yvonne Lorraine Kapila
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: CD44, a cell surface proteoglycan receptor, plays an important role in modulating oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell functions. The recent identification of CD44 as a cancer stem cell marker led us to hypothesize that cleavage of CD44 may alter OSCC cell-matrix interactions and anoikis resistance, and thereby promote a metastatic phenotype in OSCC. Methods: Anoikis-resistant cells were developed by maintaining human OSCC (UM-SCC 14A) cells under suspension culture conditions in polyhydroxyethylmethacrylate (poly-HEMA) coated plates. Anoikis sensitive control cells were maintained in adherent culture conditions. CD44 cleavage was blocked by the use of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) chemical inhibitors, including ADAM-17 and ADAM-10. Western blot analysis was used to examine the relative levels of CD44 among the adherent and anoikis-resistant cells. Results: This study showed that anoikis resistant OSCC cells exhibit higher levels of CD44 cleavage than their adherent counterparts. The study also showed that ADAM-10 and ADAM-17 chemical inhibitors blocked CD44 cleavage and the formation of anoikis-resistant multicellular aggregates in OSCC cells. Conclusions: CD44 cleavage plays a crucial role in promoting the anoikis resistant phenotype in OSCC cells, suggesting that CD44 may significantly contribute to OSCC tumor initiation and metastasis. (Supported by NIH RO1 DE014429 to YLK) Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1546. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1546
The Association Between Statin Use and Outcomes in Patients Initiating Androgen Deprivation Therapy
Authors: Robert J. Hamilton, Keyue Ding, Juanita M. Crook, Christopher J. O’Callaghan, Celestia S. Higano, David P. Dearnaley, Eric M. Horwitz, S. Larry Goldenberg, Mary K. Gospodarowicz, Laurence Klotz
Journal: European Urology (2020)
P2 In-flight hypoxaemia in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)
Authors: R. M. Burns, A. J. Peacock, M. K. Johnson, A. C. Church
Journal: Thorax (2011)

<h3>Background and Aim</h3> Aircraft travel can worsen hypoxaemia in patients with PAH since pressurised cabins reduce inspired oxygen (FiO<sub>2</sub>) to the equivalent of breathing 15.1% at sea level. The British Thoracic Society (BTS) recommends assessing these patients for additional oxygen before air travel, but the criteria used are based on studies of people with COPD (<i>Thorax</i>, 2004). New recommendations, in press, suggest that all patients with PAH in WHO Functional Class III and IV have in-flight oxygen (<i>Thorax</i>, In Press). The aim of this study was to determine the impact of current and future recommendations on PAH patients, with the hypothesis that more PAH patients will fail a hypoxic challenge test (HCT) than seen in other respiratory conditions. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients with SpO<sub>2</sub> &gt;90% on air underwent a HCT using a 40% Venturi mask driven with nitrogen generating an FiO<sub>2</sub> of 15.1%. This was stopped after 20 min or if SpO<sub>2</sub> &lt;85%. Capillary blood gas (CBG) measurements were made at the start and end of HCT. Current criteria suggest that an arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO<sub>2</sub>) &lt;6.6 kPa or a SpO<sub>2</sub> &lt;85% represents failing the test and in-flight oxygen is needed. <h3>Results</h3> Thirty-six patients were recruited: 10 failed (28%), 26 passed (72%). The alveolar-arterial oxygen (A-a)O<sub>2</sub> gradient significantly fell during the HCT (4.64 vs 1.61 kPa, p&lt;0.0001 [see Abstract P2 figure 1]). Univariate analysis showed pre-test SpO<sub>2</sub> (95 vs 92.5, p=0.027), PaO<sub>2</sub> (10.63 vs 9.15 kPa, p=0.0021) and (A-a)O<sub>2</sub> gradient (4.32 vs 5.48 kPa, p=0.026) to differ significantly between those who passed and failed. Three patients who failed the HCT would be missed by current BTS recommendations and one patient would receive in-flight oxygen despite passing the HCT. According to the new recommendations, 15 people would have been given in-flight oxygen who did not require it according to their HCT result. <h3>Conclusions</h3> PAH patients are no more likely to fail a HCT than other respiratory patients. The narrowing of the (A-a)O<sub>2</sub> gradient during the test may suggest an improvement in V/Q matching, protecting patients from severe hypoxaemia. Both current and new BTS recommendations missed patients who might require supplementary oxygen, with new recommendations suggesting the need for in-flight oxygen in many patients who do not require it according to the result of their HCT.
PROBABILITY OF DEVELOPING PROXIMAL DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS AND/OR PULMONARY EMBOLISM WITHIN ONE YEAR AFTER AN ISOLATED EPISODE OF DISTAL DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS OF THE LOWER EXTREMITIES
Authors: Krishna Patel, Joshua Allen, Aryeh Shapiro, Gautam Shah, Kevin Chagin, Neha Gupta, Lillie Morgan, Michael Rothberg, Andrei Brateanu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
SP0163 Switching Measures on the Transition to Adulthood
Authors: N. Ruperto
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3></h3> The evaluation of efficacy in clinical trials in pediatric rheumatology have been classically based on physician's centered measures and on patient's reported outcome (PRO) The efficacy measures could then be divided into those who could be applied across diseases such as the physician's evaluation of disease activity usually on a 10 cm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) or on a 21 circle VAS, the functional ability tools such as the Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ) or the evaluation of health related quality of life (HRQOL) such as the Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ), and parent's/patients global assessment of overall well-being and pain usually on VAS and more recent newer tools such as the Juvenile Arthritis Multidimensional Assessment Report (JAMAR). For the disease specific measures we have for juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) the classic rheumatologic examination with the evaluation of the number of joints with swelling, pain and limitation on motion as well as the number of active joints, and for damage the Juvenile Arthritis Damage Index (JADI). For juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) the evaluation of muscle strength through the Childhood Myositis Assessment Scale (CMAS) or the Manual Muscle Testing (MMT), the evaluation of disease activity through the Disease Activity Score (DAS) or the Myositis Disease Activity Assessment Tool (MDAA), and for damage the Myositis Damage Index (MDI). For juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) the evaluation of disease activity through, the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI), The Systemic Lupus Activity Measure (SLAM), European Consensus Lupus Activity Measurement (ECLAM) and for damage the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index (SLICC/ACR DI). Finally there are objective measures or laboratory indicators such as the index of inflammation (ESR or CRP) for JIA, the muscle enzymes for JDM and proteinuria or urine protein/creatinine ration for JSLE. Most of these measures have a correspondent tool to be applied when a child transition to adulthood (for the CHAQ the HAQ, for the CHQ the SF-36) and most are used in the same format for both children and adults. This lecture will describe the current scenario of the measures that could facilitate transition from childhood to adulthood. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
A Randomized Study of the Prevention of Sudden Death in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Alfred E. Buxton, Kerry L. Lee, John D. Fisher, Mark E. Josephson, Eric N. Prystowsky, Gail Hafley
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Empirical antiarrhythmic therapy has not reduced mortality among patients with coronary artery disease and asymptomatic ventricular arrhythmias. Previous studies have suggested that antiarrhythmic therapy guided by electrophysiologic testing might reduce the risk of sudden death.
Esophageal natural killer (NK)/T cell lymphoma of true natural killer cell origin
Authors: S. Fujihara, H. Mori, H. Kobara, N. Nishiyama, M. Kobayashi, T. Masaki
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

A 53-year-old man with no prior medical history was transferred to our hospital because of a 2-month history of dysphagia with throat pain.
Kenneth McLauchlan Stewart
Authors: D. Stewart
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Kenneth McLauchlan Stewart (“Ken”) was born in Dundee. He returned to India with his mother, only to be repatriated to the care of two maiden aunts in Carnoustie in order to start school. He attended Dundee High School with success, and on the mistaken advice of his chemistry teacher studied biochemistry rather than medicine at St Andrews University, graduating in 1949. Having worked in Manchester for ICI on the production of …
Abstract 880: Polymorphisms of <i>PLCE1</i> and <i>KIF1B</i> and risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Hongxia Ma, Li-E Wang, Zhensheng Liu, Erich M Sturgis, Qingyi Wei
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of gastric cancer, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma have identified PLCE1 and KIF1B as novel cancer susceptibility genes. In this study, we investigated associations between risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) and potentially functional variants in PLCE1 and KIF1B. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs, rs2274223G&amp;gt;A, rs3203713G&amp;gt;A and rs11599672T&amp;gt;G) of PLCE1 and four SNPs (rs17401966A&amp;gt;G, rs1002076G&amp;gt;A, rs17401588A&amp;gt;G and rs1536262C&amp;gt;T) of KIF1B were genotyped by Taqman in 1,098 patients with SCCHN and 1,090 cancer-free controls, who were non-Hispanic whites matched by age (± 5 years) and sex. Although none of three SNPs of PLCE1 was alone significantly associated with overall risk of SCCHN, the combined genotypes [the number (0-6) of putative risk alleles (rs2274223G, rs3203713G and rs11599672G)] had a significant locus-dose effect on risk of SCCHN (Ptrend=0.046), particularly of non-oropharyngeal cancers (P trend=0.017), suggesting a joint effect of these SNPs on susceptibility to SCCHN. Further, the subgroup analysis showed that variant genotypes of rs2274223 and rs11599672 were independently associated with risk of non-oropharyngeal cancers, respectively. Of four SNPs of KIF1B, we found that rs1536262 variant had a significant association with the increased risk of SCCHN (additive model: adjusted OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.02-1.30) and the association was more evident in older subjects, females, former smokers, subjects with tumors of hypopharynx/ larynx, and subjects with poor progression tumor. Rs1536262 is located in 3’UTR region of KIF1B, a potentially functional SNP that may affect the binding of miRNA. Continuous efforts are underway in our laboratory to investigate potentially functional significance of rs1536262 in the development of SCCHN. In conclusion, our findings implicated a possible role of PLCE1 and KIF1B variants in the susceptibility to SCCHN, but larger studies are needed to validate our findings. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 880. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-880
Controversies in the Surgical Management of Gastric Cancer
Authors: David A. Kooby, Daniel G. Coit
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2003)

Although the incidence of gastric adenocarcinoma in the United States has declined steadily since the early 1900s, it remains a significant health problem. Progress has been made during the past few decades in several areas: Lymph node staging has been refined, perioperative mortality has fallen, and plausible adjuvant therapy has emerged. Currently, complete surgical resection is the mainstay of therapy because it is the only potentially curative option; however, considerable controversy remains regarding the specifics of a surgical approach. This article examines 4 major controversies in the management of gastric cancer: extent of gastric resection, role of extended lymph node dissection, value of elective splenectomy for proximal gastric lesions, and current state of adjuvant therapy. Pertinent retrospective and prospective studies are reviewed to help formulate meaningful conclusions.
Abstract 3742: FOXC1 is a potential prognostic marker with functional significance in basal-like breast cancer
Authors: Jinhua Wang, Partha Ray, Ying Qu, Myung-Shin Sim, Jaime Shamonki, Sanjay Bagaria, Xing Ye, Bingya Liu, Michael Walter, Dave Hoon, Armando Giuliano, Xiaojiang Cui
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Although basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) is a distinct molecular subtype, it has no defining gene or protein marker that can be used as the basis for therapy. Estrogen receptor (ER) and HER2 receptor guide treatment of luminal and HER2 breast cancer subtypes, respectively, but chemotherapy is still the only systemic treatment available for BLBC. In view of its poor clinical outcomes, high proliferation rates and preferential metastasis to the brain, there is an urgent need for effective targeted therapy of BLBC. In a previous study using cDNA microarray analyses and immunohistochemistry of archival breast cancer tissue specimens, we showed consistent and exclusive overexpression of FOXC1 in BLBC versus other molecular subtypes. FOXC1 overexpression was significantly associated with poor overall survival and brain metastasis. In the present study, we show that overexpression of FOXC1 in breast cancer cells with low endogenous FOXC1 levels increased cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion, and induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Knockdown of FOXC1 by shRNA in breast cancer cells with high endogenous FOXC1 expression had the opposite effect. Cell signaling studies showed that FOXC1 activated the NF-κB pathway by upregulating the peptidyl-prolyl isomerase Pin1 and downregulating the ubiquitin ligase SOCS-1. Pin1 binds to p65, inhibits the p65 interaction with IκBα, and thus enhances p65 nuclear localization and protein stability. SOCS-1 directly interacts with p65 and promotes its degradation. FOXC1 knockdown reduced p65 protein levels and NF-κB activity. The importance of the NF-κB pathway for FOXC1 function was confirmed by the increased sensitivity to NF-κB inhibitors in cells that overexpressed FOXC1. Because BLBC under-expresses ER, FOXC1 was inversely associated with ER, as expected. Interestingly, FOXC1 repressed ER transcription and activity via NF-κB signaling, and FOXC1 overexpression switched MCF-7 breast cancer cell growth from estrogen-dependent to estrogen-independent. This may explain why ER is not normally detected in BLBC. These results suggest that FOXC1 may be a specific diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for BLBC and may play an important role in regulating aggressive traits associated with BLBC. It might also serve as a potential molecular therapeutic target for BLBC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3742.
Isolation of Rochalimaea Species from Cutaneous and Osseous Lesions of Bacillary Angiomatosis
Authors: Jane E. Koehler, Frederick D. Quinn, Timothy G. Berger, Philip E. LeBoit, Jordan W. Tappero
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

Bacillary angiomatosis is characterized by vascular lesions, which occur usually in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). A newly described gram-negative organism, Rochalimaea henselae, has been associated with cutaneous bacillary angiomatosis, but no organism has been isolated and cultivated directly from cutaneous tissue.
When I use a word ...: Modern English abusage
Authors: J. Aronson
Journal: BMJ (2000)

When Henry Watson Fowler published his Dictionary of Modern English Usage in 1926 he could hardly have foreseen how popular it would become as a source of information about grammar, rhetoric, punctuation, spelling, and other matters related to written and spoken English. The first edition, reprinted many times, was followed by a second, edited by Ernest Gowers in 1965, and a third, edited by Robert Burchfield in 1996.

Apart from the fact that Burchfield chronicles the ways in which our use of language has changed since Fowler and Gowers, his edition differs in one major aspect—it is descriptive rather than prescriptive or proscriptive. Whereas his predecessors told us what we ought to do, Burchfield uses his large corpus of examples to tell us what we actually do. And although he often shows approval …