tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Left ventricular function following adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer: The NCIC CTG MA5 experience
Authors: L. E. Shepherd, W. Parulekar, K. I. Pritchard, M. Trudeau, N. Paul, D. Tu, M. Levine
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

522 Background: Cardiac toxicity associated with anthracylines and more recently herceptin used in adjuvant breast cancer treatment is well recognized. Little is known about long term cardiac function as measured by left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in patients post therapy. We analyzed the database of a randomized Phase 3 NCIC CTG study to assess changes over time in LVEF. Methods: Between 1989–1993, 710 pre/perimenopausal patients with node positive breast cancer were allocated to receive CEF (cyclophosphamide (C) 75 mg/m 2 po d 1–14, epirubicin (E) 60 mg/m 2 IV and fluorouracil (F) 500mg/m 2 IV d1,d8) or CMF (C 100mg/m 2 po d1–14, methotrexate (M) 40mg/m 2 and F 600mg/m 2 IV d1,8) given every 28 days for 6 cycles. The 10 year relapse-free survival was 52% (CEF) vs 45% (CMF), HR 1.31; stratified log rank, P=.007 (JCO, 2005,23;5166). LVEF was measured on both arms at baseline, months 6, 12, 36, and 60. Results: Compliance was good with measurements available on 100% of women at baseline, and 39% and 40% of patients at 60 months on the CEF and CMF arms respectively. Changes in LVEF from baseline are shown in the table . Conclusion: Changes in cardiac function as measured by a decrease in LVEF are not infrequent in patients after adjuvant therapy, even in the absence of anthracyclines. At 60 months, decreases of &gt;10% were seen in up to 25% of patients receiving epirubicin administered at a cumulative dose of 720mg/m 2 and in up to 10% of patients receiving CMF on whom measurements were available. The clinical significance of these findings needs to be assessed. Acknowledgements: This study was supported by funding from the Canadian Cancer Society through the National Cancer Institute of Canada and Pfizer Inc. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
Is pK OK?
Authors: I. Hood, E. J. M. Campbell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

Since Hasselbalch1 introduced his logarithmic form of Henderson's2 equation (pH = pK′ + log HC03-/αPC02) it has been used to define the acid–base status of patients by providing the means for the calculation of one of the three variables — pH, carbon dioxide tension (PC02), or bicarbonate concentration (HCO3- ) — from knowledge of the other two. In most clinical laboratories today, pH and PC02 are measured, and HC03- is calculated from the equation. However, there are pitfalls inherent in this use of the equation. It is often forgotten that the . . .
LIPOPROTEIN-ASSOCIATED PHOSPHOLIPASE A2 LEVELS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION AND ARTERIAL STIFFNESS IN PATIENTS WITH STABLE CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Authors: Gerasimos Siasos, Evangelos Oikonomou, Marina Zaromitidou, Sotirios Tsalamandris, Konstantinos Mourouzis, Antigoni Miliou, Georgios Georgiopoulos, Alexis Antonopoulos, Eleni Kokkou, Christina Mpiri, George-Angelo Papamikroulis, Manolis Vavuranakis, Dimitris Tousoulis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Author's reply to Elliott, Parkins, Shah and colleagues, and Dhua
Authors: M. Clarke
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The number of responses to my article,1 on The BMJ ’s website and on social media, shows that the problem of ophthalmology referrals is important and needs to be dealt with by commissioners and those responsible for screening within the NHS.

Fundamentally, the arrangements for the provision and remuneration of optometry services in the UK encourage opportunistic screening, which has not …
Abstract 2133: Identification of driver genes for amplification of the narrow amplicon at 2q11 present in oral cancers and pre-cancers
Authors: Mauting Lin, Antoine M. Snijders, Aditi Bhattacharya, Jesse Paquette, Richard C. K. Jordan, Brian L. Schmidt, Donna G. Albertson
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Genome-wide analysis of copy number aberrations in oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and oral epithelial dysplasia, a pre-malignant lesion, by array CGH has revealed that the genomes of these cancers and pre-cancers frequently harbor narrow (∼3 Mb) regions of amplification. These amplicons are recurrent, but rare, being present in &amp;lt;10% of cases. Nevertheless, candidate driver genes in the amplicon are often up-regulated in tumors without amplification. Thus, these narrow amplicons highlight genes/pathways that are de-regulated in oral cancer. A narrow amplicon at 2q11 has been observed in 3/44 oral dysplasia cases, in 1/89 oral SCC and one primary oral SCC cell line. In one patient with synchronous mild and moderate dysplasia lesions, the 2q11 amplicon was uniquely present in moderate dysplasia, suggesting that the amplified and overexpressed gene(s) at 2q11 contributed to progression. The 2q11 amplicon spans 3.5 Mb and includes 43 genes. Examination of two independent head and neck cancer gene expression datasets retrieved from the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus database revealed up-regulation of 11 of these genes in one or both datasets. All 11 genes are overexpressed in oral SCC lines SCC4, SCC9 and HSC3. Knockdown of individual genes in a panel of eight oral SCC cell lines was performed with one or more siRNA's targeting each of the genes. These studies revealed that cellular proliferation and morphology were significantly disrupted in cells transfected with siRNA to two of the genes, suggesting there are two potential driver genes for the 2q11 amplicon. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2133.
P199 SYNDECAN-1 AS A COFACTOR OF CD81 IN HEPATITIS C VIRUS INFECTION OF HEPATOCYTES
Authors: B. Grigorov, A. Gentil-dit-Maurin, M. Varbanov, J. Blaising, M. Michelet, F. Ruggiero, E.-I. Pécheur
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
AB0538 Association of Homocysteine and Inflammatory Markers with Early Atherosclerosis in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: N.A. Bashlakova, T.D. Tyabut, H.E. Buhlova, A.V. Kundzer, G.V. Sherstyuk, S.P. Martsev, Z.I. Kravthuk, D.V. Shubenok
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> An elevated homocysteine level is associated with an increased risk for developing atherosclerosis, which can in turn lead to coronary artery disease (CAD). The risk of cardiovascular events in patients with hyperhomocysteinemia increases more than 3-fold. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by early and accelerated atherosclerosis developed due to autoimmune inflammation. Intima-media thickness (IMT) of the common carotid artery (CCA) is associated with subclinical atherosclerosis and can reflect coronary damage. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of our study was to determine the presence of hyperhomocysteine and its association with cytokines, inflammatory markers in patients with SLE. <h3>Methods</h3> We examined 24 female patients with SLE (mean age 41,50 (31,50; 50,50) years old) and with subclinical atherosclerosis revealed ultrasonographically. The comparison group included 22 patients with CAD and the history of myocardial infarction (MI) developed at the mean age of 49,0 (45,0;51,0) years old. We assessed the presence of traditional risk factors. The levels of homocysteine, high sensitive C- reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor - α (TNF-α) were determined with ELISA. <h3>Results</h3> The IMT CCA and the presence of atherosclerotic plaques were not statistically different both in the patients with SLE and these with CAD. Frequency of occurrence of risk factors (smoking, obesity, physical inactivity, arterial hypertension, family history of early MI, high levels of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and low levels of HDL cholesterol) was not statistically different in both the groups. Hyperhomocysteinemia was identified in 58,33% patients with SLE and in 22,73% patients with CAD and was more pronounced in the first group (χ<sup>2</sup>=6,0; p=0,014). The levels of homocysteine were higher in patients with SLE than with CAD (p=0,033). We revealed high positive correlation between elevated levels of homocysteine and TNF-α in SLE patients (p=0,040). The levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were higher in patients with SLE than with CAD (p=0,001 and p=0,015, respectively). The frequency of high levels of IL-6 was higher in SLE patients than in the other group (p=0,041). Frequency of occurrence of elevated levels of hs-CRP and fibrinogen, as well as their levels were not statistically different in both the groups. <h3>Conclusions</h3> These data confirm that the early carotid atherosclerosis in patients with SLE may be a predictor of coronary artery lesions as well as in patients with CAD. Inflammatory process, elevated levels of homocysteine, proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α) are associated with early atherosclerosis in patients with SLE as a result of autoimmune inflammation. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3839
Acute Babesiosis Caused by<i>Babesia divergens</i>in a Resident of Kentucky
Authors: James F. Beattie, Marie L. Michelson, Patricia J. Holman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

To the Editor: Babesia divergens is the primary cause of human babesiosis in Europe, resulting in fatality rates of 42 percent among persons who have undergone splenectomy and 5 percent among perso...
Case 25-1998
Authors: Patrick T. O'Gara, Navneet Narula, Eugene J. Mark
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

Presentation of CaseA 34-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of worsening dyspnea and increasing mitral regurgitation after replacement of the aortic valve for acute bacterial endocarditis.The patient had a history of intravenous drug abuse. Four months before admission he had been transferred to this hospital because of acute bacterial endocarditis caused by Staphylococcus aureus, with aortic regurgitation. A test for antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus was negative. A transesophageal ultrasonographic examination of the heart (Figure 1) revealed a large prolapsing vegetation on the right coronary cusp of the aortic valve, with severe aortic regurgitation; there . . .
Abstract 2968: Aberrant expression of polycystin-1 in renal cell tumors
Authors: Jean Gogusev, Yves Chretien, Dominique Droz
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Polycystin-1 (PC1) is a cellular transmembrane protein encoded by the polycystic kidney disease gene (PKD1) prevalently expressed in developing/mature kidney and in autosomal polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Limited data are available concerning the PC1 involvement in renal tumorigenesis. Polycystin-1 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 8 clear cell renal cell carcinomas (RCCs), 7 tubulopapilary cell type tumors, 3 solid RCCs developed in patients with von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL), one RCC developed in a patient on chronic haemodyalisis and one angyomyolipoma in a patient with Tuberous sclerosis (TS). In parallel, the BIZ cell line derived from a high grade clear cell RCC and the WUR cell line derived from a tubulopapillary type RCC, were used to measure the level of PC1 expression by both immunolabeling and immunoblotting analyses. Five cases of clear cell type RCCs, and two tubulopapillary cell type RCCs consistently expressed PC1 with a percentage of labeled neoplastic cells ranging between 15% and 65%. Un the VHL disease-associated renal cell carcinoma, both the tumor cells and cystic tissues areas weakly expressed the PC1 protein. In TS-associated angiomyolipoma, the vascular component was PC1 positive, while the tumor cells were scarcely stained. High level of expression of PC1 was confirmed by both IHC and immunoblotting in WUR RCC cells (80% of labeled cells), while BIZ RCC cells exhibited a moderate PC1 staining (30% of labeled cells). Comparatively, in the normal kidney, consistent level of polycystin 1 was detected in distal tubules, collecting duct, glomerular podocytes and vascular smooth muscle cells. The strongest immunoreactivity against PC1 was observed in epithelial cells lining the cystic components in all ADPKD tissues. In conclusion, the presented data indicate consistent level of expression of the polycystin-1 protein in a number renal cell carcinomas and suggest that PC1 expression is linked to the tumor cell type, being more frequent event in clear cell type RCC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2968.
Abstract 4539: Vascular endothelial growth factor gene polymorphisms and clinical outcome in advanced gastric cancer treated with FOLFOX
Authors: Hyuk-Chan Kwon, Sung-Hyun Kim, Sung Yong Oh, Suee Lee, Ji Hyun Lee, Christian A. Graves, Jung-Ah Hwang, Seung Hyun Hong, Hyo-Jin Kim, Kevin Camphausen, Yeon-Su Lee
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene may have an impact on tumor progression, and response to chemotherapy. The aim of this study is to evaluate the associations between VEGF SNPs and clinical outcome in advanced gastric cancer patients treated with oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and leucovorin (FOLFOX). Methods: One hundred ninety recurrent or metastatic gastric cancer patients were enrolled in this study and treated with FOLFOX regimen. Genomic DNA was isolated from whole blood, and six VEGF (-2578C/A, –2489C/T, –1498T/C, –634G/C, 936C/T, and 1612G/A) gene polymorphisms were analyzed by PCR. Results: Patients genotyped G/G for –634G/C gene polymorphism had lower response rate (22.2%) than those G/C or C/C (32.3%, 51.1%; p = 0.034). The median serum levels of VEGF was higher in G/G genotypes than G/C + C/C (724.1 pg/ml vs. 462.4 pg/ml, p = 0.041). Patients with the VEGF –634CG/C polymorphism G/C + C/C genotype had a longer time to progression (TTP) of 4.9 months, compared with the TTP of 3.5 months for those with the G/G (p = 0.012, log-rank test). By multivariate analysis, this G/G genotype of –634G/C polymorphism was identified as an independent prognostic factor (Hazard ratio 1.497, p = 0.017). No significant influence on overall survival (OS) was observed by the –634 G/C. However, other SNPs were not related to response rate, TTP, or OS. Conclusion: Our data suggest that G/G genotype of –634G/C polymorphism is related to the higher serum levels of VEGF, and poor clinical outcome in advanced gastric cancer patients. It may help to identify patients who are more sensitive to FOLFOX regimen. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4539. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4539
A statistical test of phylogenies estimated from sequence data.
Authors: W H Li
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1989)

A simple approach to testing the significance of the branching order, estimated from protein or DNA sequence data, of three taxa is proposed. The branching order is inferred by the transformed-distance method, under the assumption that one or two outgroups are available, and the branch lengths are estimated by the least-squares method. The inferred branching order is considered significant if the estimated internodal distance is significantly greater than zero. To test this, a formula for the variance of the internodal distance has been developed. The statistical test proposed has been checked by computer simulation. The same test also applies to the case of four taxa with no outgroup, if one considers an unrooted tree. Formulas for the variances of internodal distances have also been developed for the case of five taxa. Conditions are given under which it is more efficient to add the sequence of a fifth taxon than to do 25% more nucleotide sequencing in each of the original four. A method is presented for combining analyses of disparate data to get a single P value. Finally, the test, applied to the human-chimpanzee-gorilla problem, shows that the issue is not yet resolved.
Plasma Glucose Levels Affect Cerebral 18F-FDG Distribution in Cognitively Normal Subjects With Diabetes
Authors: Kenji Ishibashi, Airin Onishi, Yoshinori Fujiwara, Kiichi Ishiwata, Kenji Ishii
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2016)

Purpose Increased plasma glucose levels can relatively reduce 18F-FDG uptake in Alzheimer disease (AD)–related regions and alter the cerebral distribution pattern of 18F-FDG, resulting in the appearance of an AD-like pattern. However, the relationship between the reversibility of the AD-like pattern and plasma glucose levels is uncertain. Methods Four cognitively normal elderly subjects with diabetes underwent longitudinal 18F-FDG PET more than 5 times at various levels of plasma glucose. 18F-FDG data were proportionally scaled with a global normalization method and used in volume of interest–based and voxelwise analyses. Volumes of interest were placed on representative AD-related regions: precuneus/posterior cingulate (PP), lateral parietal cortex, and frontal cortex. Results Volume of interest–based analyses showed negative correlations of plasma glucose levels with 18F-FDG uptake in the PP (r = −0.79, P < 0.001), lateral parietal cortex (r = −0.62, P = 0.002), and frontal cortex (r = −0.73, P < 0.001), controlling for the effects of interindividual differences and age. Voxelwise analyses also showed negative correlations between the 2 factors in the PP and medial frontal areas (P < 0.05, familywise error rate corrected). Conclusions This study indicates that the distribution pattern of 18F-FDG changes depending on plasma glucose levels in an individual and that the AD-like pattern can appear or disappear with increasing or decreasing plasma glucose levels, respectively.
Ro52 autoantibody-positive women's experience of being pregnant and giving birth to a child with congenital heart block
Authors: Joanna Tingström, Sven-Erik Sonesson, Elisabet Welin Henriksson, Marie Wahren-Herlenius
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2012)

<h3>Background and objective</h3> Congenital heart block may develop in the fetus of women with Ro/SSA autoantibodies.The aim of this study was to investigate how women expecting a child with congenital heart block (CHB) experienced their pregnancy and postpartum period. <h3>Material and methods</h3> Women pregnant with a child with CHB in Sweden during 2000–2009 (n=21) were identified in a population-based manner and individually interviewed postpregnancy using a semistructured interview guide. The interviews were audio taped, transcribed verbatim and analysed by qualitative content analysis. <h3>Results</h3> Three categories emerged from the responses; learning, suspense and facing. The category learning contained both learning about the child9s heart block, but frequently (16/21) also of autoantibody-positivity and a potential rheumatic diagnosis in the mother. The medical procedures and information differed considerably depending on area of residence and whom was encountered in the healthcare system. In many cases, ignorance about this rare condition caused a delay in treatment and surveillance. The category suspense described the women9s struggle to cope with the feeling of guilt and that the child had a serious heart condition and might not survive the pregnancy. The category facing included the postpartum period, leaving the hospital and adjusting to everyday life. It also describes contacts with child care welfare and relatives. Most of the women had tended to put their pregnancies ‘on hold’, and some described that they needed prolonged time to attach to their newborn child. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Increased awareness and knowledge of CHB are needed to provide adequate and secure care. Offering psychological support by a healthcare professional to the women and families to give them tools to handle the situation with a potential rheumatic diagnosis for the mother and to facilitate the early attachment to the child should be considered.
Effect of Carbon Dioxide on Diaphragmatic Function in Human Beings
Authors: Gustavo Juan, Peter Calverley, Carlos Talamo, Jeff Schnader, Charis Roussos
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

We studied the effects of acute changes in the partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide on diaphragmatic contractility and performance in four normal men. To study contractility we measured the ability of the diaphragm to generate pressure at a given level of excitation by determining the relation between the electrical activity of the diaphragm and transdiaphragmatic pressure during a voluntary quasi-isometric inspiratory effort carried out at different levels of end-tidal carbon dioxide. Our results show that contractility was reduced with hypercapnia (when end-tidal carbon dioxide was 7.5 per cent or higher), although hypocapnia (end-tidal carbon dioxide, 3 per cent) had no effect on diaphragmatic contractility. We also studied the development of diaphragmatic fatigue before and during carbon dioxide breathing. Subjects were studied at the same diaphragmatic tension–time index, a value analogous to the more familiar myocardial tension–time index, while the same inspiratory flow was maintained. Electromyographic signs of fatigue appeared at a lower tension–time index during hypercapnia than during normocapnia, indicating that endurance is diminished during hypercapnia. These findings show that acute respiratory acidosis equivalent to an arterial carbon dioxide tension of about 54 mm Hg decreases the contractility and endurance time of the diaphragm in human beings. (N Engl J Med 1984;310:874–9.)
LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY VERSUS ARTERIAL STIFFNESS AS PREDICTORS OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE IN ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION: DATA FROM A GREEK 6-YEAR FOLLOW-UP STUDY
Authors: Konstantinos P. Tsioufis, Kyriakos Dimitriadis, Alexandros Kasiakogias, Athanasios Kordalis, Dimitris Tsiachris, Ioannis Liatakis, Evaggelia Koutra, E. Andrikou, Ioannis Andrikou, Maria Selima, Ioannis Kallikazaros, Dimitris Tousoulis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Spontaneous Cancer Remissions Spark Questions
Authors: L. Seachrist
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

Journal Article Spontaneous Cancer Remissions Spark Questions Get access Lisa Seachrist Lisa Seachrist Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 85, Issue 23, 1 December 1993, Pages 1892–1895, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.23.1892 Published: 01 December 1993