tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A second peritoneal cytology instead of the initial cytology as a prognostic factor in epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: S. Sirop, S. Saha, M. Soni, B. Chkravarty, A. Korant, N. Dutt, D. Wilson, P. Ng, M. Arora, T. Singh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e16572 Background: Ovarian cancer (OvCa) is the most common gynecological malignancy causing death. Positive (+ve) peritoneal cytology is an important prognostic factor. The role of a repeat peritoneal washing after resection of the tumor at the time of surgery has not been evaluated in the past. Methods: A retrospective analysis of our prospective cohort database was undertaken. Patients (pts) diagnosed with OvCa between 2001–2007 were included in the study. All pts underwent debulking surgery with two peritoneal washings during surgery: one before and one after resection of the tumor. The primary outcome was overall survival. Exclusion criteria included second malignancy, refusal of chemotherapy, or non-surgical candidates. Only stage III andIV pts were included in the follow-up analysis. Results: Forty three pts were included in our study. Of these, 8 (gp A) had both peritoneal washings +ve for malignancy, 16 (gp B) had the first washing +ve and the second one negative (-ve) for malignancy, and 19 (gp C) had both washings -ve for malignancy. There was no significant difference in the demographics and grade of disease (Table). There was more serous histology in gp B as compared to gp A and gp C. The median length of stay was 13.2, 10.9, 9 days and the median CA 125 level at the time of diagnosis was 651, 440 and 445 in gp A, B and C respectively. Bowel was involved and required radical resection in 75%, 41.7%, and 26.3% in gp A, B, and C, however the rates of optimal cytoreduction were 75%, 84.6% and 90.9% respectively. The minimum follow-up was 12 months. The percentage of pts with persistent or recurrent disease was 62.5%, 41.7%, and 36.4% in gpA, B and C respectively. There was improved survival in gp C as compared to gp B and gp A. (42 months vs 23.5 months vs 13 months respectively). Conclusions: While preliminary, our study shows that at the time of debulking surgery of OvCa, a -ve peritoneal washing after resection of the tumor following an initial +ve washing is a possible independent prognostic factor. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A phase I study of hypofractionated radiotherapy followed by systemic chemotherapy of full-dose gemcitabine in patients with unresectable locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma
Authors: M. Nagase, J. Furuse, H. Ishii, M. Kawashima, T. Ogino, M. Yoshino
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

4221 Background: Full-dose gemcitabine cannot be used for concurrent chemoradiotherapy with gemcitabine in patients with locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma (LAPC) because of the toxicity. Hypofractionated radiotherapy (HFRT) can shorten the irradiation period and allow systemic chemotherapy of full-dose gemcitabine to be started earlier. The purpose of this study was to determine the feasible dose of HFRT that could be followed by full-dose gemcitabine in such patients. Methods: Nine patients with LAPC histologically confirmed as adenocarcinoma were enrolled in this phase I study. Three patients received HFRT at 45 Gy in 15 fractions (level 1) and six at 40 Gy in 8 fractions (level 2) in a week. Gemcitabine chemotherapy was started 3 months after the start of irradiation and was administered as a 30-minute intravenous infusion of a dose of 1000 mg/m(2) on days 1, 8, and 15 of a 28-day cycle. Planning target volume encompasses primary tumor plus margin, and no elective nodal area was irradiated. Results: No patients experienced dose-limiting toxicity or grade 4 toxicity at either level of HFRT. All three patients treated at 45 Gy in 15 fractions received gemcitabine chemotherapy on schedule, and only one of the three had grade 3 nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and anemia during chemotherapy. However, at 40 Gy in 8 fractions grade 3 nausea and anorexia was observed in all 6 patients and grade 2 duodenal ulcer in 2 patients, and gemcitabine chemotherapy could not start on schedule in 4 of the 6 patients because of anorexia. Three of the 4 patients treated with 40 Gy in 8 fractions who received chemotherapy developed grade 3 toxicities: leukocytopenia in 4, anemia in 3, anorexia in 2, thrombocytopenia in 1, and nausea in 1. There was no CR or PR in the 7 evaluable patients; 2 of them had MR, 5 had SD. The median progression-free survival time was 4.9 months, and the median overall survival time was 7.5 months. Conclusions: HFRT with 40 Gy in 8 fractions was tolerable, but it is not recommended as radiotherapy for chemoradiotherapy with sequential full-dose gemcitabine. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Uptake of the anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibody EMD 72000 in tumors of subjects with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC)
Authors: J. Hoffend, A. Mohammed, M. Eisenhut, F. Bosch, A. Dietz, O. Rosen, A. Kovar, D. Weber, J. Tillner, U. Haberkorn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

3043
Incidence of oncogenes in PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling pathways in breast cancer
Authors: J.M. Cejalvo, J.A. Perez Fidalgo, B. Bermejo, M. Ibarrola-Villaba, O. Burgues, G. Ribas, M.T. Martinez, A. Lluch-Hernandez
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Inflammatory Bowel Disease Affects the Outcome of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Recurrent Clostridium difficile Infection
Authors: Alexander Khoruts, Kevin M. Rank, Krista M. Newman, Kimberly Viskocil, Byron P. Vaughn, Matthew J. Hamilton, Michael J. Sadowsky
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2016)
Tumor response based on adapted Macdonald criteria and assessment of pseudoprogression (PsPD) in the phase III AVAglio trial of bevacizumab (Bv) plus temozolomide (T) plus radiotherapy (RT) in newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM).
Authors: Wolfgang Wick, Timothy Francis Cloughesy, Ryo Nishikawa, Warren Mason, Frank Saran, Roger Henriksson, Magalie Hilton, Yannick Kerloeguen, Oliver L. Chinot
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

2002^ Background: Until recently the primary criteria for assessing response to GBM therapy were those by Macdonald et al. (JCO 1990;8:1277–80). Advances in imaging technology/targeted therapies exposed limitations, addressed in 2010 by Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology Working Group. Prior to this, the AVAglio study similarly adapted Macdonald criteria to address anti-angiogenic therapy/corticosteroid use by incorporating non-contrast-enhancing components and integrating a strict algorithm to standardize assessment of possible PsPD. Methods: Randomisedpts (n=921) received: T/RT + Bv or placebo (P), 6 wks; 28-d break; maintenance T + Bv or P (6 cycles); monotherapy Bv or P until PD/unacceptable toxicity. Tumor response was investigator (inv)-assessed by MRI (adapted Macdonald criteria) at baseline (BL), end of break, every 2nd maintenance cycle, every 9 wks during monotherapy, at PD and 9 wks post-PD. PsPD was inv-assessed at the end of the break. A ≥25% increase in index lesions and/or unequivocal progression of existing non-index lesions relative to BL and in the absence of clinical deterioration was assessed as PsPD. Confirmatory PsPD assessment: end of the 2nd maintenance cycle. If progression was confirmed, PsPD was retrospectively designated as PD. If PsPD was confirmed, pts remained on treatment and the 1st post-RT MRI was used as a new BL. Best ORR was evaluated in pts with lesions at BL, excluding pts with confirmed PsPD. Results: Co-primary endpoint of inv-assessed PFS was longer for pts receiving Bv+RT/T compared with P+RT/T (HR 0.64, 95% CI 0.55–0.74; p&lt;0.0001). Best ORR and PsPD are shown (Table). Conclusions: Addition of Bv to 1st-line T/RT significantly improves ORR. The rate of confirmed PsPD was low in both arms. Clinical trial information: NCT00943826. [Table: see text]
Improving efficiencies in a hospital-based hematology outpatient service.
Authors: Brittany A. Rask, Steven R. Zeldenrust, Jessica Brandt, Heather Hagan, Elizabeth Witty, Jennifer Larson, Colleen Pederson, Linda Herdahl, DeWayne Gallenberg, Daniel Gronseth, Tony Spaulding
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

165 Background: The Hematology Hospital Outpatient service at Rochester Methodist Hospital provides ambulatory outpatient care to patients who would normally be hospitalized on our inpatient services due to cytopenias and need for infusion/transfusion support. A quality project was conducted to streamline our process and decrease wait times. Methods: This project was a part of a Mayo Lean Collaborative initiative to increase customer satisfaction and eliminate waste. The first step was to collect baseline measurements to capture the non-value added waiting time of our entire outpatient process. These benchmark times were collected from 65 patients over 4 days. We evaluated these wait times to identify gaps in care and factors contributing to delays in our process. Data collected "before and after" each implementation phase determined if the change was beneficial. Results: Through our data collection, one major area of opportunity we identified was the wait time for CBC results. At baseline, patients were waiting in a room for 61.9 minutes for lab results. A major contributor to delay was the lack of carriers to send blood samples through the tube system being stocked in the outpatient area. We also discovered that the time from when the sample was placed in the carrier to the time it arrived in our lab was significant. Through a process analysis it was identified that the CBC tubes were being sent to a central lab prior to their final destination in the Hematology lab. We were able to re-route our CBCs directly to the hem lab. Data collected after the intervention showed we were receiving results at 51 minutes, therefore, eliminating 10.9 minutes off of an appointment. We also identified additional opportunities such as pre-assigning rooms, scheduling, exam room organization, and communication that were able to be addressed. Conclusions: As a result of this lean collaborative project we reduced patient wait time by 20.1 minutes and increased patient satisfaction. We were able to order interventions sooner thereby increasing patient safety. By process analysis, we identified multiple areas in our process that could be shortened with no additional cost.
An Interdisciplinary Approach to Perioperative Anaphylaxis: A Tertiary Pediatric Center Experience
Authors: Atoosa Kourosh, Karen Thursday S. Tuano, Dipika Patel, Nicholas Rider, Sara Anvari, Lenora M. Noroski, Kristin H. Dillard, Filiz O. Seeborg
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Why do so few patients appeal against detention under section 2 of the Mental Health Act?
Authors: P C Naik, L Klenka
Journal: BMJ (1995)

<h3>Abstract</h3> In this report, we investigate the evolution of transcription factor NF-κB by examining its structure, activity, and regulation in two protists using phylogenetic, cellular, and biochemical techniques. In <i>Capsaspora owczarzaki</i> (<i>Co</i>), we find that full-length NF-κB has an N-terminal DNA-binding domain and a C-terminal Ankyrin (ANK) repeat inhibitory domain, and its DNA-binding activity is more similar to metazoan NF-κB rather than Rel proteins. As with mammalian NF-κB proteins, removal of the ANK repeats is required for <i>Co</i>-NF-κB to enter the nucleus, bind DNA, and activate transcription. However, C-terminal processing of <i>Co</i>-NF-κB is not induced by co-expression of IKK in human cells. Exogenously expressed <i>Co</i>-NF-κB localizes to the nucleus in <i>Co</i> cells. NF-κB mRNA and DNA-binding levels differ across three life stages of <i>Capsaspora</i>, suggesting distinct roles for NF-κB in these life stages. RNA-seq and GO analyses identify possible gene targets and biological functions of <i>Co</i>-NF-κB. We also show that three NF-κB-like proteins from the choanoflagellate <i>Acanthoeca spectabilis</i> (<i>As</i>) all consist of primarily the N-terminal conserved Rel Homology domain sequences of NF-κB, and lack C-terminal ANK repeats. All three <i>As</i>-NF-κB proteins constitutively enter the nucleus of human and Co cells, but differ in their DNA-binding and transcriptional activation activities. Furthermore, all three <i>As</i>-NF-κB proteins can form heterodimers, indicating that NF-κB diversified into multi-subunit families at least two times during evolution. Overall, these results present the first functional characterization of NF-κB in a taxonomic kingdom other than Animalia and provide information about the evolution and diversification of this biologically important transcription factor. <h3>Significance</h3> These results represent the first functional characterization of the biologically important transcription factor NF-κB in a taxonomic kingdom other than Animalia. As such, they provide information on the evolutionary origins and basal diversification of NF-κB outside of metazoans. These results suggest that NF-κB plays life stage-specific roles in <i>Capsaspora</i>, the closest unicellular ancestor to all metazoans. Finally, the analysis of three NF-κB proteins in a single choanoflagellate indicates that choanoflagellates have subclasses of NF-κBs, which can form heterodimers, suggesting that NF-κB subunit expansion and diversification has occurred at least twice in evolution.
Risk factors for clinical fractures among men with non-metastatic prostate cancer
Authors: M.-S. Duh, M. R. Smith, S. P. Boyce, E. Moyneur, M. R. Raut, J. Brandman, J. C. Sung
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

4560 Background: In men with prostate cancer, GnRH agonists decreases bone mineral density, a major determinant of fracture risk. This retrospective population-based study evaluates the relationship between GnRH agonists and clinical fractures in men with nonmetastatic prostate cancer. Methods: Men who had ≥ 2 prostate cancer claims without bone metastases were identified between 1/98 and 3/03 from the anonymous health claims of 16 major companies. Clinical fractures were identified from inpatient and outpatient medical claims. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify risk factors associated with clinical fractures. Variables include GnRH agonist use (yes or no), age groups (0–64, 65–69, 70–75, 76–80, 81+), Charlson comorbidity index, income, regions, health plan types and observation duration. Results: Of men who received a GnRH agonists (n=3,779; age: 73 ± 8 years), 15% developed fractures compared to 12% of men who did not receive GnRH agonist treatment (n=8,341; age: 69 ± 9 years). GnRH agonist therapy was significantly associated with an elevated risk for any clinical fractures (odds ratio (OR)=1.13, p=.02), and for the subtypes of hip (OR=1.39, p=.03) and vertebral (OR=1.22, p=.09) fractures. Advancing age increased the risk for any fractures (p<.05 for trend test), with men over 80 years old relative to those less than 65 presenting a 2.02-fold risk increase (p<.001). Higher Charlson comorbidity index was also associated with greater fracture risk (p<.001). Conclusions: Among men with nonmetastatic prostate cancer, GnRH agonist therapy significantly increases the risk of clinical fractures. Older age and greater comorbidity also increased fracture risk. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Novartis Novartis Novartis
Impact of staging surgery in the outcomes of patients with early-stage low malignant potential ovarian tumor (LMPOT)
Authors: P. M. Morice, S. Camatte, A. Thoury, D. Atallah, C. Lhomme, P. Pautier, C. Haie-Meder, P. Duvillard, D. Castaigne
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

5092 Background: Most of LMPOT occur in young patients and are misdiagnosed at the time of initial surgery. So, a new surgery is often required to ensure to the initial stage of the disease carrying out a peritoneal staging. The aim of this study is to assess the clinical outcome of complete staging surgery in early stage LMPOT. Methods: 101 patients treated between 1965 and 1997 for an apparent LMPOT confined to the ovary(ies) (“stage I” disease) were reviewed according to the completion of a staging surgery at the time of initial treatment. Patients in group 1 (n=48; 47%) underwent a complete staging defined as: peritoneal cytology, peritoneal biopsies and omentectomy (with or without lymphadenectomy). Patients including in group 2 (n=53; 53%) had uncompleted staging surgery defined by omission of, at least, one of theses previous procedures. Results: A conservative management was performed respectively in 12 (25%) and 25 (47%) patients in groups 1 and 2. Eight (17%) patients were upstaged in group 1 (isolated positive cytology in 6 and microscopic noninvasive implants on the omentum in 2 patients). None patient was upstaged on the basis of results of random peritoneal biopsies and/or lymphadenectomy. The median time of follow-up were respectively in groups 1 and 2 60 and 120 months. Four (7%) recurrences were observed in group 2 and none in group 1 (p=.07). All these recurrences were serous borderline recurrence following conservative management. None patients recurred under the form of invasive carcinoma and/or peritoneal disease. None patient died from the tumor. Conclusion: In our study, the absence of complete peritoneal staging in patients with apparent early stage LMPOT increases the rate of recurrences. But all of them were borderline tumor after a conservative management and could be safely treated by an iterative surgical procedure without any influence on the survival. Such results could suggest that, in a patients treated for an early stage LMPOT misdiagnosed during the initial surgery, a staging surgery could be omitted if patient agree to be carefully followed-up. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Sleepiness influences cytotoxic lymphocytes independent of respiratory events
Authors: Richard Staats, Raquel Rodrigues, Margarida Aguiar, Dina Fernandes, Susana Moreira, Claro Ines, Valença João, Bugalho António, Luís Moita
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction:  Obstructive sleep apnoeas have been shown to stimulate the immune system. However, the relevance of sleepiness is less clear. We investigated the influence of objective sleepiness (OS) on the expression of the cytotoxic proteins granzyzme-B (GrB) and perforin (P) in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL).  Methods:  43 participants performed polysomnography followed by the pupillary sleepiness test (PST®). PBL were stained for CD8, gamma delta cells (gd cells), natural killer cells (NK), P and GrB and analysed by flow cytometry. Results are shown as means (+/- SEM).  Results:  29 probands were not sleepy (NS) (pupillary unrest index=PUI  9,8). Results were not statistically significantly different for: age, BMI, AHI, ODI or oxygen saturation   Discussion:  In these preliminary results we show that OS influences cytotoxic PBL independently of the respiratory events. The PST uses the balance between sympathetic and vagal activity on the pupil. These results could indicate that GrB and P are increased in presence of daytime sympathetic activation.  Supported by the Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia: PIC/IC/82991/2007.
First Clinical Results Of a Randomized Phase 2 Study Of SGI-110, a Novel Subcutaneous (SQ) Hypomethylating Agent (HMA), In Adult Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)
Authors: Hagop M. Kantarjian, Elias Jabbour, Karen Yee, Patricia Kropf, Casey O'Connell, Wendy Stock, Raoul Tibes, David Rizzieri, Katherine Walsh, Elizabeth A. Griffiths, Gail J. Roboz, Michael Savona, Thomas Ervin, Nikolai A. Podoltsev, Naveen Pemmaraju, Naval Daver, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Gautam Borthakur, William G. Wierda, Farhad Ravandi, Jorge E. Cortes, Joseph M. Brandwein, Olatoyosi Odenike, Eric J. Feldman, Woonbok Chung, Sue Naim, Gavin Choy, Pietro Taverna, Yong Hao, George Dimitrov, Mohammad Azab, Jean-Pierre Issa
Journal: Blood (2013)
Secondary primary cancers in male breast cancer survivors.
Authors: Raji Shameem, Muhammad S Hamid, Gaurang P Mavani, Nakul Singhal, Dana Shani, Kevin M. Sullivan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

129 Background: Male Breast Cancer (MBC) survivors have an increased risk of developing secondary contralateral breast cancer. However, the risk of developing other solid tumors and hematological malignancies is not well understood. Methods: The Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database was used to detect MBC cases diagnosed up to 12/31/2011. The Standardized Incidence Ratio (SIR) was calculated as the ratio of observed to expected cases of second primary malignancy based on incidence data in the general United States population. The latency exclusion period from the date of diagnosis was 5 years. We also investigated for any modifying effects such as radiation therapy, age at diagnosis, and latency period after initial diagnosis (5-10 years and &gt;10 years) that may have increased the risk for secondary cancer. Results: A total of 1,239 men with an initial diagnosis of primary breast cancer were included in our analysis. Overall, there was an increased SIR of secondary solid tumors of the pharynx (SIR: 8.39, P&lt;0.05), hypopharynx (SIR: 15.77, P&lt;0.05), and brain (SIR: 4.40, p&lt;0.05), and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) (SIR: 2.49, P&lt;0.05), that was also seen in MBC cases that received radiation (24.1%), (SIR: 4.51, P&lt;0.05). For MBC diagnoses in patients &gt;40 years, there was an increased incidence for these malignancies and for “all solid tumors” (SIR: 1.30, P&lt;0.05) as well. In the period ranging from 5-10 years after initial breast cancer diagnosis increased incidence for tumors of the pharynx (SIR: 8.95, P&lt;0.05) and hypopharynx (SIR: 16.70, P&lt;0.05) were seen. In contrast, there was no significant increased incidence of secondary cancers &gt;10 years after initial diagnosis. Conclusions: MBC survivors are at increased risk for secondary malignancies of the pharynx, hypopharynx, brain, and NHL. Older age at diagnosis and radiation treatment appear to be risk factors. Risk of secondary tumors of the pharynx and hypopharynx is greatest 5-10 years after initial breast cancer diagnosis but optimal surveillance for MBC survivors requires further clarification.
Oscillations Go the Distance: Low-Frequency Human Hippocampal Oscillations Code Spatial Distance in the Absence of Sensory Cues during Teleportation
Authors: Lindsay K. Vass, Milagros S. Copara, Masud Seyal, Kiarash Shahlaie, Sarah Tomaszewski Farias, Peter Y. Shen, Arne D. Ekstrom
Journal: Neuron (2016)
Effects of Lead Oxide on the Induction of Lung Tumors in Syrian Hamsters 2
Authors: N. Kobayashi, T. Okamoto
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

In 10 weekly intratracheal injections, 4 groups of Syrian golden hamsters were given a suspension (in isotonic saline plus 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose solution) of lead oxide (PbO), benzo[a]pyrene (BP) mixed with PbO, BP, or control vehicle, respectively. Another group was kept as an untreated control. Atypical epithelial proliferations, adenomas, and an adenocarcinoma were observed in the lungs of hamsters given BP mixed with PbO, whereas no tumorous changes were found in the other groups. These neoplastic changes originated mostly in the bronchiolo-alveolar area. PbO alone induced hyperplastic and squamous metaplastic foci of the alveolar area. These results suggested a cocarcinogenic effect of PbO.