tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Laryngeal Transplantation and 40-Month Follow-up
Authors: Marshall Strome, Jeannine Stein, Ramon Esclamado, Douglas Hicks, Robert R. Lorenz, William Braun, Randall Yetman, Isaac Eliachar, James Mayes
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Total laryngectomy and total occlusion of the larynx with tracheostomy are associated with an impaired sense of taste and smell, an increased incidence of tracheobronchial infections, stomal encrustations, loss of nasal respiration, and loss of a human-sounding voice. A fundamental consideration in treating a patient whose larynx has been irreparably damaged is whether the goals of surgery should include replacement of the larynx to improve the patient's quality of life. An early attempt to treat laryngeal cancer with a partial laryngeal transplant1 was accompanied by rapid recurrence of the tumor, an outcome that quashed interest in the procedure for nearly . . .
Abstract 1636: Altering the function of cancer-associated fibroblasts via activation of Notch signaling to inhibit tumor growth.
Authors: Hongwei Shao, Mecker G. Moller, Omaida C. Velazquez, Zhao-Jun Liu
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Objectives. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) play critical roles in determining tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, drug response and tumor angiogenesis. We have previously demonstrated that activation of the Notch1 pathway confers normal human dermal fibroblasts a suppressive phenotype to melanoma growth. Here, we further investigated whether manipulation of Notch signaling in melanoma-associated fibroblasts (MAF) alter their regulatory phenotype by which affects melanoma growth. Methods. MAF were isolated from human metastatic melanoma and characterized. Notch pathway activity in MAF versus normal human dermal fibroblasts was examined using Notch pathway RT2-PCRArray and immunoblotting. Enforced activation of Notch pathway was achieved by transducing MAF with lentiviral vector encoding active form of Notch1 (NIC). The effect of active Notch1-engineered MAF on melanoma growth was tested by in vitro co-culture and in vivo co-xenografting animal model. Results. Isolated MAF are α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and fibroblast activation protein (FAP) positive. MAF exhibited a relatively lower Notch activity compared to normal human dermal fibroblasts. Enforced activation of Notch1 pathway suppressed cellular activities of MAF. Active Notch1-engineered MAF significantly inhibited melanoma cell growth in vitro and retarded xenografted human melanoma cell growth on mouse skin. Conclusions. Notch pathway activity is lower in MAF. Constitutive activation of Notch pathway confers MAF to a suppressive phenotype in regulating melanoma growth. Our study demonstrated that Notch signaling functions as a critical molecular switch in determining the regulatory role of tumor stromal fibroblasts and provided a novel approach to target tumor microenvironment through modulating stromal fibroblasts by manipulation of Notch signaling. Citation Format: Hongwei Shao, Mecker G. Moller, Omaida C. Velazquez, Zhao-Jun Liu. Altering the function of cancer-associated fibroblasts via activation of Notch signaling to inhibit tumor growth. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1636. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1636
Central Diabetes Insipidus in Children and Young Adults
Authors: Mohamad Maghnie, Gianluca Cosi, Eugenio Genovese, Maria Luisa Manca-Bitti, Amnon Cohen, Silvia Zecca, Carmine Tinelli, Massimo Gallucci, Sergio Bernasconi, Brunetto Boscherini, Francesca Severi, Maurizio Aricò
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Central diabetes insipidus is rare in children and young adults, and up to 50 percent of cases are idiopathic. The clinical presentation and the long-term course of this disorder are largely undefined.
Normal Granulocyte Transfusion Therapy
Authors: Robert G. Graw, Geoffrey Herzig, Seymour Perry, Edward S. Henderson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

Abstract Ninety-six granulocyte transfusions were given from compatible normal donors to 39 neutropenic patients receiving appropriate antibiotics for documented septicemia due to gram-negative bacteria. A matched group of 37 patients treated concurrently with appropriate antibiotics alone served as a control. Eleven of 37 patients (29.7 per cent) in the control group survived the episode of sepsis. Eighteen of the 39 patients (46.1 per cent) receiving transfusions survived; however, 12 patients receiving four or more consecutive daily granulocyte transfusions from compatible donors had complete recovery (100 per cent). In contrast only five of 19 control patients (26 per cent) surviving long enough to receive four transfusions (more than five days) recovered. These studies indicate that compatible granulocyte transfusions (as defined by absence of recipient leukoagglutinins and lymphocytotoxic antibodies against donor leukocytes) can be effective in the clinical management of septicemia due to gram-negat...
F-18 FDG PET/CT Findings of Huge Cholesterol Granuloma in Multiple Ribs
Authors: Myung-Hee Sohn, Young Jin Jeong, Hwan-Jeong Jeong, Seok Tae Lim, Dong Wook Kim, Myoung-Ja Chung, Chang-Yeol Yim
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

Cholesterol granuloma (CG) is a foreign body-type granuloma formed in reaction to cholesterol crystals. CG usually develops in pneumatized bones because of inadequate drainage, especially in the middle ear cavity. We report a case of a patient with huge CG involving multiple ribs. A 66-year-old man presented with chest discomfort of 8 months' duration. The chest radiograph showed a huge mass with rib destruction in the right upper lung, suggesting a malignancy. F-18 FDG PET/CT scan demonstrated large mass involving multiple ribs (right 1st–5th) with a fat component on CT, and FDG uptake in the periphery and central photopenia on PET.
Congress Moves Forward on NIH Reauthorization
Authors: D. A. Tisevich
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

Journal Article Congress Moves Forward on NIH Reauthorization Get access Dorothy A. Tisevich Dorothy A. Tisevich Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 84, Issue 10, 20 May 1992, Page 757, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/84.10.757 Published: 20 May 1992
Spontaneous Initiation of Atrial Fibrillation by Ectopic Beats Originating in the Pulmonary Veins
Authors: Michel Haïssaguerre, Pierre Jaïs, Dipen C. Shah, Atsushi Takahashi, Mélèze Hocini, Gilles Quiniou, Stéphane Garrigue, Alain Le Mouroux, Philippe Le Métayer, Jacques Clémenty
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

Atrial fibrillation, the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia and a major cause of stroke, results from simultaneous reentrant wavelets. Its spontaneous initiation has not been studied.We studied 45 patients with frequent episodes of atrial fibrillation (mean [+/-SD] duration, 344+/-326 minutes per 24 hours) refractory to drug therapy. The spontaneous initiation of atrial fibrillation was mapped with the use of multielectrode catheters designed to record the earliest electrical activity preceding the onset of atrial fibrillation and associated atrial ectopic beats. The accuracy of the mapping was confirmed by the abrupt disappearance of triggering atrial ectopic beats after ablation with local radio-frequency energy.A single point of origin of atrial ectopic beats was identified in 29 patients, two points of origin were identified in 9 patients, and three or four points of origin were identified in 7 patients, for a total of 69 ectopic foci. Three foci were in the right atrium, 1 in the posterior left atrium, and 65 (94 percent) in the pulmonary veins (31 in the left superior, 17 in the right superior, 11 in the left inferior, and 6 in the right inferior pulmonary vein). The earliest activation was found to have occurred 2 to 4 cm inside the veins, marked by a local depolarization preceding the atrial ectopic beats on the surface electrocardiogram by 106+/-24 msec. Atrial fibrillation was initiated by a sudden burst of rapid depolarizations (340 per minute). A local depolarization could also be recognized during sinus rhythm and abolished by radiofrequency ablation. During a follow-up period of 8+/-6 months after ablation, 28 patients (62 percent) had no recurrence of atrial fibrillation.The pulmonary veins are an important source of ectopic beats, initiating frequent paroxysms of atrial fibrillation. These foci respond to treatment with radio-frequency ablation.
THU0160 One Year Results of “Treat to Target” Strategy in Patients with Early and Long-Standing Rheumatoid Arthritis in Clinical Practice: the REMARCA Trial: Table 1.
Authors: D. Karateev, E. Luchikhina, N. Demidova, G. Lukina, M. Kanonirova, Y. Mouraviev, Y. Olyunin, G. Gridneva, E. Nasonov
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> According to Treat to Target (T2T) recommendations the primary goal of treatment of patients (pts) with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is clinical remission. This implies a revision of treatment every 3-6 months with the use of combination therapy if necessary. Assessment of the results of applying the T2T strategy into practice is an important task. <h3>Objectives</h3> To study the results of treatment according the T2T strategy in pts with RA in clinical practice. <h3>Methods</h3> The REMARCA (Russian investigation of MethotrexAte and biologics in eaRly aCtive inflammatory Arthritis) investigator-initiated trial includes pts with asevere ctive RA. All pts started treatment with SC MTX monotherapy using fast increase from 10 to 25-30 mg/week. To exclude the influence of steroids, we allowed only 2 intra-articular injections per every 3 months (pts could continue steroids per os in low doses if prescribed before the enrollment in the study). Therapy was revised every 3 months using DAS28, SDAI and CDAI indices. The goal of treatment was clinical remission or low disease activity (LDA) as quickly as possible. <h3>Results</h3> By January 2014, 210 pts with RA were included, and 88 pts have passed the 12 months control point (22 males, 66 females, 92% IgM RF positive, 87,5% anti-CCP positive, including 46 pts with early RA (duration≤6 months) and 42 pts with long-standing RA (duration 22 [11;53] months). At 6 months we achieved LDA or remission according to DAS28 in 43 (49%), SDAI in 53 (60%), CDAI in 55 (63%) of pts. At 12 months LDA or remission were observed by DAS28 in 54 (61%) of pts, SDAI – 65 (74%), CDAI in 67 (76%) of pts. Combination with biologics (in most cases TNF inhibitors) was used in 57 (65%) of pts at (median) 3 [3;6] month. There were 13 cases of switching between biologics. Remission was observed more often during the first 6 months among patients who did not require biological therapy, but at 12 month combination therapy group showed similar results (table 1). "Functional remission" (HAQ≤0,5) was observed significantly more frequently in patients with good initial response to SC MTX. Patients with early RA significantly less likely required treatment with biologics (52%) than patients with long-standing RA (79%, p=0,014). <h3>Conclusions</h3> SC MTX monotherapy allowed to achieve LDA or remission in the vast majority of patients with good response to treatment. In patients who did not responded well to MTX (65%), combination with biological agents caused results, similar to "good responders", in the medium-term period. Patients with early RA require much less biologics than patients with long-standing RA. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> : None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3834
Abstract P1-12-05: Factors Affecting Local Recurrence after Breast Conserving Surgery Following Neoadjuvant Endocrine Therapy with Letrozole
Authors: JMJ Dixon, L Renshaw, J Keys, AD Leeper, L Williams, DB. Evans
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background Few data exist on local recurrence rates after breast conserving surgery in post menopausal patients following neoadjuvant endocrine therapy with letrozole. The aim was to investigate the outcome of a large series of patients treated in the Edinburgh Breast Unit. Patients 208 patients underwent breast conserving surgery after at least a 3 month course of neoadjuvant letrozole. The median age was 77 years (range 51 to 93). Of these patients 73% (151/208) received postoperative radiotherapy. Median follow up was 2.95 years (range 0.28 to 8.43) Results At two years 97% were local recurrence free and by five years 95% were recurrence free. By the Log Rank (Mantel-Cox) non-parametric method of analysis, there was a significant difference between patients treated by postoperative whole breast radiotherapy (RT) compared with no radiotherapy (p=0.02). There were very small numbers of local recurrences (five in no RT group, two in RT group by the end of five years). At two years 93% of patients with no RT were recurrence-free, compared with 98% of those with RT, at five years this is 86% and 98% respectively There was a borderline significant difference between HER2 positive and negative breast cancers, (p=0.055). At two years 97% of HER2 negative patients were recurrence-free, compared with 91% of HER2 positive patients. At five years, it was 96% and 85% respectively. Death from other causes was very common in this elderly age group and the median survival time was 7.2 years (95% CI 5.8 to 8.5). 90% of patients survived to the end of two years (95% CI: 86% to 94%), while only 68% survived to the end of years (60% to 76%). By the Log Rank test, there was a significant difference between patients treated by radiotherapy and those who did not receive radiotherapy (p=0.004). The median survival with no RT was 4.7 years (95% CI: 3.7 to 5.8) and for patients following RT was 8.1 years (95% CI: 6.2 to 10.0). The reason for this was selection of fitter patients for radiotherapy and avoiding radiotherapy in frail patients. Conclusions Local recurrence after breast conserving therapy following neoadjuvant endocrine therapy with letrozole is uncommon in this group of patients. Following radiotherapy local recurrence is only 2% at 5 years. Rates of recurrence are over 10% at 5 years without radiotherapy. HER2 positive patients have a higher local recurrence rate than HER2 negative patients. Breast Conserving Surgery followed by whole breast radiotherapy produces excellent rates of local control in postmenopausal women following neoadjuvant endocrine therapy with letrozole. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-12-05.
PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF O-(2-[18F]FLUORETHYL)-L-TYROSINE POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY (18FET-PET) WITHIN THE CLINICAL COURSE IN NEWLY DIAGNOSED GLIOBLASTOMA
Authors: J. C. Tonn, B. Suchorska, N. L. Jansen, J. Linn, H. Kretzschmar, H. Janssen, S. Eigenbrod, M. Simon, G. Popperl, F. W. Kreth, C. la Fougere, M. Weller
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: Aim of this prospective longitudinal study was to identify static and dynamic O-(2-[18F]fluorethyl)-L-tyrosine PET (18FET-PET) derived imaging biomarkers in glioblastoma (GB) patients to obtain additional information concerning prognosis and monitoring of therapy. METHODS: 79 patients with newly diagnosed GB were included; 42 patients underwent stereotactic biopsy (unresectable tumors) and 37 patients microsurgical tumor resection. All patients were scheduled to receive radiotherapy plus concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide (RCx/TMZ). 18FET-PET evaluation using static and dynamic parameters was done prior to biopsy/resection, after resection, 4-6 weeks following RCx and after three cycles of TMZ. Endpoints were survival and progression-free-survival. Prognostic factors were obtained from proportional hazards models. RESULTS: Biological tumor volume before RCx (BTVpreRCx) was the most important 18FET-PET derived imaging biomarker and was independent of MGMT promoter methylation and clinical prognostic factors: patients with smaller BTVpreRCx had significant longer progression free (PFS) and overall survival (OS). 18FET time activity curves (TAC) before treatment and their changes after RCx were also related to outcome: patients with initially increasing TAC and those exhibiting a switch from decreasing to increasing TAC after RCx experienced longer progression-free-survival. CONCLUSIONS: BTVpreRCx and TAC represent important 18FET-PET-derived imaging biomarkers in GB. Increasing TAC are associated with prolonged PFS. The BTVpreRCx is a strong prognostic factor for PFS and OS independent of the mode of surgery. Our data furthermore suggest that patients harbouring resectable GB might benefit from maximal PET-guided tumor resection. SECONDARY CATEGORY: Clinical Neuro-Oncology.
A Unique Finding on Gallium-67 Scintigraphy
Authors: Yu-Chin Wu, Te-Chun Hsieh, Shung-Shung Sun, Woei-Chung Lo, Kuo-Yang Yen, Chia-Hung Kao
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

We report a case of a 25-year-old woman presented with neutropenic fever after chemotherapy for the relapse of acute biphenotypic leukemia. Gallium-67 scintigraphy for the detection of infectious foci demonstrated a unique pattern of numerous foci with intense and varying-sized radioactivity spreading throughout the body. The subsequent skin biopsy and culture proved Pseudomonas infection. Therefore, this unique image, in combination with clinical information, was compatible with cutaneous manifestations of Pseudomonas sepsis. Eventually, the patient died of uncontrolled systemic infection despite the aggressive antibiotic treatment. This case reminded clinicians and nuclear medicine physicians to notice the potentially fatal finding on gallium-67 scan.
P425 EXTERNAL VALIDATION OF AIMS65, ROCKALL AND GLASGOW-BLATCHFORD SCORES TO PREDICT MORTALITY AND REBLEEDING IN CIRRHOTIC PATIENTS WITH ACUTE VARICEAL BLEEDING
Authors: M. Motola-Kuba, A. Escobedo-Escarza, N. Aguilar-Olivos, N. Mendez-Sanchez, M. Uribe, F. Tellez-Avila, N. Chavez-Tapia
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
VOLUME REDUCTION OF MITRAL REGURGITATION IS MAIN CONTRIBUTOR TO INCREASE OF CARDIAC FORWARD FLOW AFTER TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT IN PATIENTS WITH PREPROCEDURAL FUNCTIONAL MITRAL REGURGITATION; HEMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS USING ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
Authors: Yuji Itabashi, Kentaro Shibayama, Hirotsugu Mihara, Hiroto Utsunomiya, Robert Siegel, Hasan Jilaihawi, Raj Makkar, Takahiro Shiota
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Nephron-Specific Deletion of Circadian Clock Gene Bmal1 Alters the Plasma and Renal Metabolome and Impairs Drug Disposition
Authors: Svetlana Nikolaeva, Camille Ansermet, Gabriel Centeno, Sylvain Pradervand, Vincent Bize, David Mordasini, Hugues Henry, Robert Koesters, Marc Maillard, Olivier Bonny, Natsuko Tokonami, Dmitri Firsov
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2016)

The circadian clock controls a wide variety of metabolic and homeostatic processes in a number of tissues, including the kidney. However, the role of the renal circadian clocks remains largely unknown. To address this question, we performed a combined functional, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analysis in mice with inducible conditional knockout (cKO) of BMAL1, which is critically involved in the circadian clock system, in renal tubular cells (Bmal1lox/lox/Pax8-rtTA/LC1 mice). Induction of cKO in adult mice did not produce obvious abnormalities in renal sodium, potassium, or water handling. Deep sequencing of the renal transcriptome revealed significant changes in the expression of genes related to metabolic pathways and organic anion transport in cKO mice compared with control littermates. Furthermore, kidneys from cKO mice exhibited a significant decrease in the NAD+-to-NADH ratio, which reflects the oxidative phosphorylation-to-glycolysis ratio and/or the status of mitochondrial function. Metabolome profiling showed significant changes in plasma levels of amino acids, biogenic amines, acylcarnitines, and lipids. In-depth analysis of two selected pathways revealed a significant increase in plasma urea level correlating with increased renal Arginase II activity, hyperargininemia, and increased kidney arginine content as well as a significant increase in plasma creatinine concentration and a reduced capacity of the kidney to secrete anionic drugs (furosemide) paralleled by an approximate 80% decrease in the expression level of organic anion transporter 3 (SLC22a8). Collectively, these results indicate that the renal circadian clocks control a variety of metabolic/homeostatic processes at the intrarenal and systemic levels and are involved in drug disposition.
P857 A NEW INDEX OF GLUTATHIONE TURNOVER (GSH_TI) AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH SEVERITY OF NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE (NAFLD)
Authors: M. Gaggini, C. Saponaro, E. Vanni, C. Rosso, F. Carli, E. Buzzigoli, M.L. Abate, D. Ciociaro, L. Mezzabotta, R. Gambino, M. Cassader, E. Bugianesi, A. Gastaldelli
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Antenatal Glucocorticoid Treatment and Cystic Periventricular Leukomalacia in Very Premature Infants
Authors: Olivier Baud, Laurence Foix-L'Helias, Monique Kaminski, François Audibert, Pierre-Henri Jarreau, Emile Papiernik, Catherine Huon, Jacques Lepercq, Michel Dehan, Thierry Lacaze-Masmonteil
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Antenatal glucocorticoid therapy decreases the incidence of several complications among very premature infants. However, its effect on the occurrence of cystic periventricular leukomalacia, a major cause of cerebral palsy, remains unknown.
Antithyroid Activity of a Tranquilizer
Authors: James A. Pittman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

IN recent years a new class of drugs, the tranquilizers, has been introduced into clinical medicine, and these have become popular in the handling of many difficult clinical problems. The use of these drugs has been accompanied by the appearance of a variety of toxic reactions, often allergic, similar to those seen with other drugs. The purpose of the present paper is to report the antithyroid activity of one tranquilizer, amphenidone, and to point out that such well defined pharmacologic effects may escape detection by the usual methods of investigating the toxicity of new drugs.During the past several years . . .
Tc-99m Tetrofosmin Uptake of Malignant Thymoma in Primary Tumor and Metastatic Lesions
Authors: TEISUKE HASHIMOTO, KATSUHIKO TAKAHASHI, MASABUMI GOTO, SHIGEKO KUWASHIMA, HIROHISA SAWADA, NATORU SAIKI, ATSUSHI KONO, MINORU YAMATO, MUTSUHISA FUJIOKA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2001)

HASHIMOTO, TEISUKE M.D.; TAKAHASHI, KATSUHIKO Ph.D.; GOTO, MASABUMI Ph.D.; KUWASHIMA, SHIGEKO M.D.; SAWADA, HIROHISA M.D.; SAIKI, NATORU M.D.; KONO, ATSUSHI M.D.; YAMATO, MINORU M.D., AND; FUJIOKA, MUTSUHISA M.D. Author Information
New Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Authors: Jennifer M. Hunter
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Neuromuscular blocking drugs are routinely used during the administration of anesthesia to allow surgical access to body cavities, in particular the abdomen and thorax, without hindrance from voluntary or reflex muscle movement. The introduction of these agents in 1942 marked a major advance in anesthesia and surgery, allowing the anesthesiologist to maintain respiratory function during prolonged and complex surgery. Neuromuscular blocking drugs are also used in the care of critically ill patients undergoing intensive therapy, to facilitate compliance with mechanical ventilation when sedation and analgesia alone have proved inadequate. In this review, I describe the pharmacology and uses of neuromuscular . . .