tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Mannosylation Allows for Synergic (CD44/C‐Type Lectin) Uptake of Hyaluronic Acid Nanoparticles in Dendritic Cells, but Only upon Correct Ligand Presentation
Authors: Arianna Gennari, Maria Pelliccia, Roberto Donno, Ian Kimber, Nicola Tirelli
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2016)

The selective targeting of dendritic cells (DCs) can lead to more efficacious vaccines. Here, materials have been designed for a synergic DC targeting: interacting with CD44 through the use of hyaluronic acid (HA), and with mannose‐binding lectins (typical DC pattern recognition receptors) through HA mannosylation. Negatively charged, HA‐displaying nanoparticles are produced via polyelectrolyte complexation of (mannosylated) HA and high‐ or low‐ molecular‐weight chitosan (CS, 36 and 656 kDa). Using CS36, HA is better exposed and the particles have a higher affinity for HA receptors; this means a higher number of receptors clustered around each particle and, due to the rather limited CD44 availability, an overall lower uptake per cell. Employing Langerhans‐like XS106 cells, all particles show negligible toxicity or inflammatory activation. The cellular uptake kinetics are qualitatively similar to other leukocytic models and thus considered to be CD44‐dominated; the uptake increases with increasing HA mannosylation and with the use of adjuvants (LPS, mannan) for CS36/HA but not for CS656//HA particles; this indicates that the interactions with mannose‐binding receptors requires a correct ligand presentation, and only in that case can they be enhanced by appropriate adjuvants. In summary, mannose‐binding receptors can be used to enhance the internalization of HA‐based carriers, although this positive synergy depends on the mode of ligand presentation.
Health services utilization and payments in patients with cancer pain: A comparison of intrathecal drug delivery versus conventional medical management.
Authors: Lisa Stearns, Nora Anita Janjan, Jennifer A. Hinnenthal
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

125 Background: The financial costs of cancer care are a burden to people diagnosed with cancer, their families, and society. This analysis compared health services utilization and cost in patients receiving either intrathecal drug delivery (IDD) or conventional medical management (CMM) for the treatment of cancer pain. Methods: Using retrospective administrative claims data, patients receiving either IDD or CMM were propensity score-matched 1:1 based on characteristics including, but not limited to, age, gender, cancer type, comorbid conditions, and health care utilization and cost during a six-month baseline period. Follow-up cost and utilization were subsequently compared for up to 12 months. Results: From a sample of 142 IDD patients and 3,188 CMM patients that met all inclusion/exclusion criteria, 73 matched pairs were obtained. Among the matched pairs, the average age was 52.6 years and 70.5% were female. The three most common cancers were leukemia/lymphoma (54.8%), digestive system cancer (40.4%) and breast cancer (24.0%). All patients were continuously enrolled at 2 months, 61% at 6 months, and 35.6% at 12 months; enrollment was not significantly different between groups. At two, six and twelve months follow-up, compared to CMM, IDD patients had a lower average number of inpatient (IP) hospitalizations (two months: 1.12 vs. 1.74 (p=0.0010); six months: 1.72 vs. 2.69 (p=0.0358); twelve months: 2.14 vs. 3.13 (p=0.1476)), and emergency department (ED) visits (two months: 0.47 vs. 1.36 (p&lt;0.0001); six months: 0.98 vs. 2.38 (p=0.0049); 12 months: 1.59 vs. 3.17 (p=0.0611)). Including the cost of the IDD implant procedure, IDD still provided overall savings of $4,123 in IP hospital costs, $6,144 in outpatient hospital costs and $1,902 in ED costs at 12 months. Once all sites of services were considered, IDD saved $3,195 at 12 months relative to CMM. Conclusions: The goal of healthcare reform is to improve health outcomes through more effective therapies and avoid futile care. Through reduced hospital and ED visits, IDD improves health outcomes, and assists healthcare entities to meet current hospital readmission rate criteria and other quality standards.
Relationships Among Visceral Lymphomatosis, Bursa of Fabricius, and Bursa-Dependent Lymphoid Tissue of the Chicken2
Authors: R. D. A. Peterson, H. G. Purchase, B. R. Burmester, M.D. Cooper, R. A. Good
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1966)

Journal Article Relationships Among Visceral Lymphomatosis, Bursa of Fabricius, and Bursa-Dependent Lymphoid Tissue of the Chicken Get access R. D. A. Peterson, R. D. A. Peterson Pediatric Research Laboratories of the Variety Club Heart Hospital, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Poultry Research Branch, Regional Poultry Research Laboratory, East Lansing, Michigan 3Established Investigator, American Heart Association. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar H. G. Purchase, H. G. Purchase Pediatric Research Laboratories of the Variety Club Heart Hospital, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Poultry Research Branch, Regional Poultry Research Laboratory, East Lansing, Michigan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar B. R. Burmester, B. R. Burmester Pediatric Research Laboratories of the Variety Club Heart Hospital, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Poultry Research Branch, Regional Poultry Research Laboratory, East Lansing, Michigan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M.D. Cooper, M.D. Cooper Pediatric Research Laboratories of the Variety Club Heart Hospital, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Poultry Research Branch, Regional Poultry Research Laboratory, East Lansing, Michigan 4Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Public Health Service. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. A. Good R. A. Good Pediatric Research Laboratories of the Variety Club Heart Hospital, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Poultry Research Branch, Regional Poultry Research Laboratory, East Lansing, Michigan 5American Legion Memorial Heart Research Professor of Pediatrics and Microbiology. 6With the technical assistance of Ranee Hendrickson, Rene Nelson, and Bonnie Nordmeyer. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 36, Issue 4, April 1966, Pages 585–598, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/36.4.585 Published: 01 April 1966 Article history Received: 05 May 1965 Published: 01 April 1966
Phase II studies of 4’-iodo-4’-deoxydoxorubicin in advanced non-small cell lung, colon and breast cancers
Authors: C. Sessa, F. Calabresi, F Cavalli, T. Cerny, P. Liati, T. Skovsgaard, R. Sorio, S.B. Kaye
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1991)
Class III beta tubulin expression and benefit from adjuvant cisplatin/vinorelbine chemotherapy in operable non-small cell lung cancer: Analysis of the National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group (NCIC CTG) study JBR.10
Authors: T. Reiman, R. Lai, K. Ding, T. Winton, C. Butts, J. Mackey, L. Dabbagh, L. Seymour, M. Tsao, F. Shepherd, P. Seve
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

7051 Background: Biomarkers may be useful to select patients who will benefit from a particular chemotherapy regimen. High class III beta tubulin (bTubIII) expression in advanced NSCLC is known to correlate with reduced response rates and inferior survival with the anti-microtubule agents vinorelbine or paclitaxel. JBR.10 demonstrated a 12% and 15% improvement in 5-year recurrence-free (RFS) and overall survival (OS) respectively with the addition of cisplatin and vinorelbine following resection of stage IB-II NSCLC. We sought to determine the impact of bTubIII on patient outcome and benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy in the JBR.10 trial. Methods: We performed an immunohistochemical assay for bTubIII on primary tumor tissue available from 265 of the 482 patients in JBR.10. A validated, numerical bTubIII score was assigned by two observers based on the intensity and frequency of tumour cell staining. Tumours were classified as bTubIII “low” or “high” based on the median score. We examined the prognostic impact of bTubIII in patients treated with or without chemotherapy, and the survival benefit from chemotherapy in low versus high bTubIII subgroups. Results: High bTubIII expression was associated with poorer RFS (HR = 1.9, p = 0.01) in patients treated with surgery alone, but not in patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy (HR = 1.1, p = .75). In the low bTubIII subgroup, the improvement in RFS with chemotherapy was non-significant (HR = 0.78, p = 0.4), while the improvement in RFS with chemotherapy was significant in the high bTubIII subgroup (HR = 0.45, p = 0.002). With Cox regression, the interaction between bTubIII status and chemotherapy treatment in predicting RFS did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.15). Results for OS were similar. Conclusions: Chemotherapy appeared to overcome the negative prognostic impact of high bTubIII expression. Greater benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy was seen in patients with high bTubIII expression. This is contrary to what has been seen in the setting of advanced disease; possible reasons for this difference are being explored. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Primary and subspecialty care models of follow-up care delivery among colorectal cancer survivors
Authors: D. Haggstrom, N. Arora, I. Oakley-Girvan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

6540 Background: The Institute of Medicine recommends that the health care system consider both primary and specialty care models in delivering follow-up care to cancer survivors. Methods: Colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors in Northern California were surveyed 2–5 years after diagnosis, including 271 survivors with no recurrence who mainly saw either a primary care physician (PCP) or subspecialty physician (oncologist or surgeon). We analyzed specialty differences in patient sociodemographics, cancer stage, medical comorbidities, and patient perceptions of the quality of follow-up care (communication, care coordination, and office staff interactions) using chi- squared tests and simple regression models that incorporated sampling weights. Results: A minority (18.6%) of CRC cancer survivors stated that the doctor they most often saw for follow-up cancer care was a primary care physician (PCP). Among survivors who most often saw a subspecialty physician, 83% saw an oncologist and 17%, a surgeon. Survivors mainly seen by PCPs were more likely to be African-American than survivors seen by subspecialty physicians (18% vs. 3%, p<0.0005) and to have Stage I disease (43% vs. 21%, p=0.004). There was no significant difference in the number of medical comorbidities among patients seen by PCPs and subspecialists (2 or more comorbidities: 69% vs. 57%, p =0.15). There were also no detectable specialty differences in survivors' reports and perceptions of the quality of follow-up care in relation to communication, care coordination, or office staff interactions. Conclusions: Models of health care delivery should consider how to balance care for CRC survivors between primary care and subspecialty physicians, especially among individuals with complex medical problems. Primary care models of care delivery appear uncommon and should be tested more widely. Racial disparities may be present in access to subspecialty care, although CRC survivors who see PCPs do not perceive lower quality of care. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 6091: A Simple TIMI Discharge Risk Score Post ACS Predicts CV Mortality at 2 Years
Authors: Daniel E Forman, Robert P Giugliano, Christopher P Cannon, David A Morrow, Jie Qin, Elliott M Antman, Eugene Braunwald
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Improved risk stratification at hospital discharge may help guide better post-ACS management. We used data from 2 lipid-lowering trials post-ACS (PROVE IT-TIMI 22, A2Z) to derive a discharge score for predicting long-term CV mortality and validated the score in an external test set from MERLIN-TIMI 36 (ranolazine in nSTE-ACS). Univariate analyses of data from the index ACS admission were used to identify predictors of post-hospital CV mortality (avg 2 yr f/u). A multivariable model using backward selection was constructed to develop a simple mortality risk score with 1 point assigned to 11 independent risk predictors. 7290 pts (mean age 59 yrs; range 25–92), including 1681 women (23%), and 1538 pts age 70+ (21%) had complete data for all 11 variables. Stepwise increasing numbers of predictors corresponded to higher long-term CV mortality (c-stat 0.76) (FIG ). The 35% of pts with scores 0–2 had a 2-year CV mortality &lt;0.7%, while the 18% with scores ≥5 had a 2-yr mortality of &gt;8%. The score performed well in key subgroups such as women (c-stat 0.80), elderly (c-stat 0.77), and STEMI (c-stat 0.70), and in an older/sicker population (n=4222) from MERLIN-TIMI 36 (c-stat 0.73). Our score also discriminated risk of other endpoints including all-cause mortality (c-stat 0.74), death/CHF (c-stat 0.73). The GRACE postdischarge risk score yielded a c-stat of 0.74 in this dataset, despite its greater complexity and use of continuous variables. We developed a simple, convenient discharge risk score that discriminates high and low risk in post-ACS pts for long-term CV mortality, enabling long-term management priorities to be organized in proportion to risk.
Micronucleus Score in the Buccal Mucosa of Women with Breast Cancer and the Relationship to Chemotherapy
Authors: Mehmet E. Kalender, Ibrahim H. Yildirim, Mustafa Ulasli, Serdar Oztuzcu, Ayse Kizilyer, Ali Suner, Ozan Balakan, Ali M. Tatli, Celaletdin Camci
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Experimental Induction of Epidermoid Carcinoma in the Lungs of Rats by Cigarette Smoke Condensate
Authors: Mearl F. Stanton, Eliza Miller
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1972)

Epidermoid carcinomas and preneoplastic lesions characterized by keratinizing squamous metaplasia were induced in the lungs of female, Osborne-Mendel rats by direct injection into the lung of 0.05–0.10 ml warm, liquefied beeswax containing either crude cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) or the heptane soluble fraction (HSF) of this condensate. Control pellets containing beeswax and tricaprylin or beeswax and either anthracene, unburned cigarette tobacco, or cigarette ash were enveloped by nonreactive epithelial tissue in a mild granulation tissue stroma. Beeswax pellets containing either CSC or HSF were enveloped by metaplastic epithelium in 45 of 55 rats dying the 1st year after implantation. During the 2d year, 106 of the 303 remaining rats have died. Of these, 44 had metaplastic lesions and 31 had epidermoid carcinomas at the pellet site. No dose-response relationship was noted over the relatively narrow range of 12–72 mg HSF used. The consistently high incidence of neoplasms induced by the condensate of <5 cigarettes indicates a highly sensitive system for study of the carcinogenicity of various CSC fractions. The metaplastic response, which develops within 4 weeks at the pellet site, may be of further value in the rapid assessment of tobacco products and other materials potentially carcinogenic for the lung.
Therapy for advanced gallbladder cancer: Improving survival
Authors: J. Gallardo, B. Rubio, M. Ahumada, O. Barajas, L. Villanueva, J. Diaz, X. De Aretxabala, J. Reyes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

15566 Background: Gemcitabine (G) monotherapy and G + cisplatin (C) have showed significant response rate (RR), including some complete responses (CR), and to increase survival time in patients (pts) with advanced gallbladder cancer (AGC), but results depend on the regimen that was used, and for how long therapy was given. Here we compare results of four different therapy modalities. Methods: We updated results in terms of overall survival, response and safety of four different cohorts of patients, treated with G or GC in different regimens, two of them in formal phase II studies, and the others two treated with similar protocol, but out of phase II study. All pts have similar in/exclusion criteria for the studies or for being treated. Results: See table. Conclusions: Even thought there was an improvement in RR when we compare GC v/s G alone (cohort 2 v/s cohort 1), median survival was similar. When the limitation of 6 cycles maximum was eliminated, (cohort 3), the advantage of combination impacted the survival time in almost two fold, but this better survival could be also explained by second line chemotherapy. In last cohort we observe the significant impact in survival of surgical resection in some highly selected pts. Note: Study 2 was conducted by Grupo Oncológico Cooperativo Chileno Investigación GOCCHI. Cohort 1 Cohort 2 Cohort 3 Cohort 4 N 26 44 32 8 Treatment G 1,000 mg/m2 weekly ×3 every 28 days G 1,200 mg/m2 + C 40 mg/m2 days 1 and 8, Every 21 days G1,000 mg/m2 ± C 40 mg/m2 G ± C + Surgical Resection Infusion time G 30 min G 30 min C 60 min G 100 min C 60 min G 100 min C 60 min Duration of Chemotherapy Until disease progression and/or unacceptable toxicity Until disease progression and/or unacceptable toxicity. Maximal 6 cycles Until disease progression and/or unacceptable toxicity. Second line therapy was given Until disease Progression and/or unacceptable toxicity. Second line therapy was given RC/PR/RR (%) 0/34.6/34.6 9/36.4/45.4 3.1/37.5/40.6 n/a Survival rates 33,8 w (4–152) 39 w (1–260) 56,18 w (2 ± 162) 95.5 w (32 ± 162) Estimated survival rate 26 w 29 w 51 w 97 w Pts alive 0 1 4 1 Pts died due to treatment 0 1 1 0 No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Is it possible to encourage hope in non-advanced cancer patients? We must try
Authors: C.I. Ripamonti, G. Miccinesi, M.A. Pessi, P. Di Pede, M. Ferrari
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)

Data are lacking on the relationship between hope and other variables in non-advanced cancer patients. The study explored the relationship between hope, symptoms, needs, and spirituality/religiosity in patients treated in a supportive care unit (SCU).From September 2013 to March 2014, the consecutive patients who accepted to complete: (i) Needs Evaluation Questionnaire (NEQ), (ii) the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS), (iii) Hope Herth Index (HHI), and (iv) the System of Belief Inventory (SBI) were enrolled. Moreover, clinical/demographic data were collected and the findings were analyzed.A total of 276 patients who completed the HHI questionnaire (participation rate 276/300 = 92%) were included; 131 reported HHI total score >37 (median value). The majority of patients had a Karnofsky performance status >80; 71% were on cancer therapies, and only 29 patients had metastases or relapse. Patients with higher HHI scores were less educated (P = 0.012), reported lower ESAS total score (15.4 versus 22.6, P < 0.001), and had less often been referred to a psychologist previously to the study (P = 0.002); patients with a higher HHI score also reported higher spirituality (P < 0.001). Some NEQ items resulted significantly associated with HHI score after adjustment for other variables: the need to have sincere clinicians (β = -2.7), better dialogue (β = -2.1), and more reassurance from the clinicians (β = -2.5); better attention (β = -4.4) and respect for intimacy (β = -3.3) from nurses; to speak with people who have the same illness experience (β = -2.5), to be more reassured by relatives (β = -3.3) and to feel less abandoned (β = -4.3). Higher SBI scores were independently associated with higher HHI scores (β = 1.7 for 10 points increase).In cancer patients, hope can be encouraged by clinicians through dialogue, sincerity, and reassurance, as well as assessing and considering the patients' needs (above all the psycho-emotional), symptoms, psychological frailty, and their spiritual/religious resources.
Definitions, End Points, and Clinical Trial Designs for Non–Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: Recommendations From the International Bladder Cancer Group
Authors: Ashish M. Kamat, Richard J. Sylvester, Andreas Böhle, Joan Palou, Donald L. Lamm, Maurizio Brausi, Mark Soloway, Raj Persad, Roger Buckley, Marc Colombel, J. Alfred Witjes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

To provide recommendations on appropriate clinical trial designs in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) based on current literature and expert consensus of the International Bladder Cancer Group.We reviewed published trials, guidelines, meta-analyses, and reviews and provided recommendations on eligibility criteria, baseline evaluations, end points, study designs, comparators, clinically meaningful magnitude of effect, and sample size.NMIBC trials must be designed to provide the most clinically relevant data for the specific risk category of interest (low, intermediate, or high). Specific eligibility criteria and baseline evaluations depend on the risk category being studied. For the population of patients for whom bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) has failed, the type of failure (BCG unresponsive, refractory, relapsing, or intolerant) should be clearly defined to make comparisons across trials feasible. Single-arm designs may be relevant for the BCG-unresponsive population. Here, a clinically meaningful initial complete response rate (for carcinoma in situ) or recurrence-free rate (for papillary tumors) of at least 50% at 6 months, 30% at 12 months, and 25% at 18 months is recommended. For other risk levels, randomized superiority trial designs are recommended; noninferiority trials are to be used sparingly given the large sample size required. Placebo control is considered unethical for all intermediate- and high-risk strata; therefore, control arms should comprise the current guideline-recommended standard of care for the respective risk level. In general, trials should use time to recurrence or recurrence-free survival as the primary end point and time to progression, toxicity, disease-specific survival, and overall survival as potential secondary end points. Realistic efficacy thresholds should be set to ensure that novel therapies receive due review by regulatory bodies.The International Bladder Cancer Group has developed formal recommendations regarding definitions, end points, and clinical trial designs for NMIBC to encourage uniformity among studies in this disease.