tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinical Outcomes for Sirolimus-Eluting Stents and Polymer-Coated Paclitaxel-Eluting Stents in Daily Practice
Authors: Francesco Saia, Giancarlo Piovaccari, Antonio Manari, Andrea Santarelli, Alberto Benassi, Enrico Aurier, Pietro Sangiorgio, Fabio Tarantino, Giuseppe Geraci, Giuseppe Vecchi, Paolo Guastaroba, Roberto Grilli, Antonio Marzocchi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)
Pharmacodynamic study of gefitinib in skin from patients with recurrent carcinoma of head + neck
Authors: W. Akerley, M. Wade, S. Florell, P. Sharma, B. Milash, S. Buys, F. Fitzpatrick, R. Wheeler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

5599 Background: Skin rash is the most frequent side effect associated with epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors and it has been associated also with therapeutic outcome. Hence, an understanding of the molecular events associated with rash may share common mechanisms with the events related to tumor cytotoxicity. Methods: To date, 32 patients have been entered into a phase II study of gefitinib for patients with recurrent head and neck cancers. 16 patients consented to skin biopsies prior to and 10–14 days after starting gefitinib administered at 500 mg daily. Results: Adequate paired samples were available for 15 patients. Two of the post treament specimens showed an acute gram positive coccal folliculitis. The remaining paired specimens showed no significant histopathologic differences of stratum corneum or interface dermatitis. EGFR immunostaining will be presented. Competitive hybridization cDNA microarray analysis of 5 paired samples identified 22 unique gene products whose levels increased or decreased after treatment with a false discovery rate of 7% or better. Several of these genes belong to the family of apoptotic regulators and those involved in EGFR signal transduction and transcription. Statistical significance will be confirmed with the remaining patient samples. Conclusions: Gefitinib treatment causes changes in molecular expression that can be characterized in skin. This profile should be evaluated for toxicity management and relationship to treatment outcome in EGFR responsive cancers. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Platelet adhesion to collagen in healthy volunteers is influenced by variation of both α2β1 density and von Willebrand factor
Authors: Mark Roest, Jan J. Sixma, Ya-Ping Wu, Martin J. W. Ijsseldijk, Mariëlle Tempelman, Pieter J. Slootweg, Philip G. de Groot, G. Henrita van Zanten
Journal: Blood (2000)
First reported cases of human adenovirus serotype 14p1 infection, Ireland, October 2009 to July 2010
Authors: D O’Flanagan, J O’Donnell, L Domegan, F Fitzpatrick, J Connell, S Coughlan, C De Gascun, M J Carr
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2011)

We report the first nine confirmed cases of human adenovirus 14p1 infection (HAdV-14p1), identified at different locations in Ireland between October 2009 and July 2010. These were the first notifications in Ireland and all were sporadic cases. Following these notifications, the Health Protection Surveillance Centre set up an enhanced surveillance system for HAdV-14p1infection. Seven cases were male and five were aged less than one year. Three patients died, giving a case fatality rate of 33%. It should be noted that cases presented here were diagnosed on presentation to hospital and may represent the severe end of the spectrum of HAdV 14 disease in Ireland.
Counsellors are seeing people with previously unmet needs
Authors: G. Young
Journal: BMJ (1996)

EDITOR,—Simon Wessely expresses justifiable concern about the limitation of the psychiatrist's role by recent changes.1 There are, however, several points that I would challenge. He alleges that the retreat of psychiatry from the care of those with non-psychotic disorders has helped the growth in counselling services, but he does not cite evidence that counsellors are seeing patients who would otherwise have been seen by a member of a psychiatric team. There has long been a demand in primary care, which predates the …
Association of GRP78 gene polymorphism rs391957 with tumor recurrence in gastric and colon cancer patients.
Authors: P. O. Bohanes, T. Winder, D. G. Power, D. Yang, W. Zhang, Y. Ning, G. Lurje, L. H. Tang, M. A. Shah, H. Lenz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

10524 Background: The glucose-regulated protein GRP78, also referred to as BiP (immunglobulin heavy-chain binding protein) is an endoplasmatic reticulum chaperone in the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) family highly expressed in gastric and colon carcinomas. Overexpression of GRP78 protein has been suggested to play a critical oncogenic function by mediating the activation of MAPK/ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways resulting in tumor cell survival, chemoresistance, proliferation and metastasis. We tested germline variations in the GRP78 gene as a prognostic marker in adjuvant gastric and colon cancer patients. Methods: Blood samples were obtained from 234 patients with stage II/III colon cancer at the USC medical facilities. Additionally, either blood or tissue samples were obtained from 137 patients with localized gastric cancer at USC (n=105) and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center medical facilities (n=32). Three potentially functional genotypes (rs391957, rs12009, rs17840761) within the GRP78 gene were determined using PCR-RFLP. Results: Patients with localized gastric adenocarcinoma carrying at least one T allele (CT/TT) of the GRP78_415 (rs391957) polymorphism had a significant shorter median TTR and OS than patients with CC (TTR 1.7 years versus 7.0 years; p <0.001: OS 3.8 years versus 7.3 years; p <0.001). In multivariate analysis these associations remained significant for TTR (adjusted p value = 0.019) and OS (adjusted p value = 0.03). Patients with stage II or III colon cancer carrying CT or TT genotype of the GRP78_415 (rs391957) polymorphism showed also a significant shorter median TTR (9.4 years and 2 years, respectively) than patients harbouring CC (median TTR not reached; p=0.015). In multivariate analysis GRP78 rs391957 remained significantly associated with TTR (adjusted p value = 0.021). The other two tested GRP78 SNPs (rs12009, rs17840761) showed no statistical significant associations in both patient cohorts. Conclusions: GRP78_415 (rs391957) polymorphism may help to identify gastric and colon cancer patients who are at increased risk to develop tumor recurrence. Larger, prospective and biomarker embedded clinical trials are needed to validate theses preliminary data. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Evolution of beta-globin haplotypes in human populations.
Authors: L Z Chen, S Easteal, P G Board, R L Kirk
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1990)

The beta-globin haplotypes of 852 chromosomes from 12 populations in the Asia-Pacific region are described. These data are combined with those from other populations in an investigation of the affinities of regional human populations. Both partial maximum-likelihood and distance Wagner methods indicate that Africans are the most divergent group, with the remaining populations branching in the following order: Australian Aborigines, Highland Melanesians, Lowland Melanesians, Indonesians and Micronesians, Polynesians, east Asians, Indians, and Europeans. This pattern of relationship is consistent with that indicated by other data. Analysis of the evolution and distribution of haplotype occurrence provides some limited support for an origin of modern humans in Africa. Otherwise, however, it was not useful in further elucidating the evolutionary history of human populations.
Renal dysfunction associated with bisphosphonate use: Retrospective analysis of 293 patients with respect to age and other clinical characteristics
Authors: S. Mazj, S. M. Lichtman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

8039 Background: Bone destruction and metastasis are common causes of morbidity in patients with variety of malignancies. Bisphosphonates are a class of agents that have been shown in a variety of studies to reduce bony complications associated with cancer. Studies have shown renal toxicity associated with bisphosphonates especially following the exposure of zoledronic acid. Published literature suggests renal function deterioration occurs in 8.8–15.2% of patients at recommended dose of 4 mg infused intravenously over 15 minutes. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of all patients receiving bisphosphonates during the period 1/02–6/03 at our instiution. 293 patients were analyzed with variety of malignancies across all ages. Patients were categorized to the type and sequence of bisphosphonates (pamidronate vs. zoledronate and pamidronate followed by zoledronate), underlying diagnoses, age and sex. Renal dysfunction was defined as an increase in serum creatinine of >0.5 mg/dl over baseline. Results: There were 35 patients (12%) who developed renal dysfunction. The incidence of renal toxicity was more prominent in the elderly group (>80 years old) with use of bisphosphonates. Increase in serum creatinine was observed in 20% (n=7/35) of elderly group when compared to other age groups (11%;28/258). Also when the type of bisphosphonate use was analyzed among patients with renal dysfunction (n=35) there were only 5 cases in pamidronate only group while 30 developed renal dysfunction with zoledronate de novo (10) or zoledronate with prior use of pamidronate (20). In elderly group all cases with renal dysfunction except one had exposures with zoledronate. Conclusion: Renal dysfunction occurs in all age groups with use of bisphosphonates. This toxicity seem to be more common in patients exposed to both drugs. The elderly may be particularly susceptible. Although we have not analyzed the impact of associated comorbidities leading to renal insufficiency in this analysis, the elderly patients may require closer monitoring of renal function with the use of bisphosphonates. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Effect of &lt;italic&gt;N&lt;/italic&gt;-Methyl-&lt;italic&gt;N′&lt;/italic&gt;-nitro-&lt;italic&gt;N&lt;/italic&gt;-nitrosoguanidine on Gastroduodenal Epithelial Proliferation in Wistar/Lewis Rats&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: G F Quimby, G L Eastwood
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

The effect of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) on gastroduodenal epithelial proliferation p]rior to the development of frank neoplasia was studied in inbred LEW rats with or without gastric ulcers. The rats received either MNNG (100 gm/liter) in the drinking water or plain water. After 4 weeks, some rats in the MNNG-treated and control groups were given injections of tritiated thymidine and killed 1 hour later. In other rats, either an ulcer of the fundic mucosa was formed by a suction biopsy tube at laparotomy or a sham operation was performed. At 2 and 4 weeks after the operation, these rats were given injections of tritiated thymidine and killed 1 hour later. Sections of fundus, antrum, and duodenum were prepared for light autoradiography. MNNG treatment stimulated gastroduodenal epithelial proliferation, expanded the proliferative zone (PZ), and in the duodenum caused marked villus blunting and elongation of the crypts. No additional effect of the fundic ulcer or sham operation on gastroduodenal proliferation could be determined. The MNNG-induced expansion of the PZ occurred in a downward direction. Thus theories of carcinogenesis should include not only the expansion of the PZ toward the mucosal surface but also the possibility of expansion of the PZ toward the base of the mucosa.
A clinical pathways project to promote evidence-based medicine in a large community oncology practice
Authors: M. A. Neubauer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

6597 Background: Medical oncology therapy tends to vary widely due to a large number of drug choices and a wide array of reference sources for decision-making. It is assumed that this high variability reduces quality and efficient delivery of cancer care. We developed clinical pathways for common cancers in which we, after extensive review of seminal literature, distilled a succinct list of evidence- based regimens. We then instructed all physicians at KCCC (26 medical oncologists) to adhere to these pathways or write an exception to the pathway. Exceptions were reviewed by a practice peer-review committee before treatment was initiated. Methods: Included in this analysis is KCCC practice data on treatment choices for ALL patients who were started on treatment or had a change in treatment for breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, or colon cancer. All treatments required entry of patient information and staging information on a web-based pathway tool followed by selection of a pathway choice. If a physician preferred “off-pathway” treatment for his/her patient, then an exception sheet with an explanation for off-pathway therapy was submitted and reviewed before treatment. Data was collected from January 1, 2006 through October 31, 2006. The study endpoints were pathway adherence, pathway exception rate, and frequency of accrual to clinical trials. Results: Over a 10 month time period, there were 764, 624, and 326 patients treated for breast, non-small cell lung, and colon cancer, respectively. On-pathway treatment rates were 92.5%, 93.4% and 88.3%. Conversely, exceptions were utilized 7.5%, 6.6% and 11.7% of the time. Rate of accrual to clinical trials was 6.8%, 13.0% and 7.7% for breast, non-small cell lung and colon cancer. Conclusions: Strategies to support and enforce evidence-based medicine in a community based oncology practice can be successful in standardizing care, improving efficiencies, promoting clinical trial enrollment, and developing a practice profile. This pathway project is now being implemented throughout most of the US Oncology network. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Randomised, double-blind multicentre phase III study of bevacizumab in combination with cisplatin and gemcitabine in chemotherapy-naïve patients with advanced or recurrent non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): BO17704
Authors: C. Manegold, J. von Pawel, P. Zatloukal, R. Ramlau, V. Gorbounova, V. Hirsch, N. Leighl, J. Mezger, V. Archer, M. Reck
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

LBA7514 Background: The ECOG 4599 phase III trial demonstrated that the addition of bevacizumab (B) to carboplatin/paclitaxel improved overall and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients (pts) with advanced NSCLC [Sandler et al. NEJM 2006]. Cisplatin/gemcitabine (CG) is a common combination in regions outside of the US. Methods: This randomised, placebo-controlled phase III study compared two doses of B plus CG versus CG plus placebo. The primary endpoint was PFS; secondary endpoints include overall survival, response rate (RR) and safety. Eligibility criteria: histologically or cytologically documented previously untreated advanced or recurrent non- squamous NSCLC; ECOG PS 0–1; no brain metastases. Between 2/05 and 8/06 1,043 pts were randomised to: C 80mg/m 2 on d1 and G 1,250mg/m 2 on d1 and d8 every 3 wks for up to 6 cycles plus B continued to progression at 7.5mg/kg every 3 wks, or 15mg/kg every 3 wks or placebo. The study was designed to include the number of patients required to observe a 30% reduction in the risk of a PFS event in the B arms compared with control using a two-sided logrank test (a=2.5%) with 80% power. Results: PFS was significantly prolonged as analysed both in a primary analysis (without censoring for non-protocol anti-neoplastic therapy [NPT] prior to progression) and in a prespecified analysis with censoring for NPT. The RR and response duration were also increased. Overall survival is immature due to short duration of follow up. Conclusions: Both doses of B significantly improved PFS and RR, consistent with the results of the earlier phase III trial E4599. No unexpected safety signals were detected. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
Abstract 19075: Impact of LDL Apheresis on Lipoprotein Particle Concentrations
Authors: Donald R Lynch, Deborah A Winegar, Patricia G Yancey, Ray Pourfarzib, Sergio Fazio, MacRae Linton
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis via dextran-sulfate-cellulose absorption lowers LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) levels (&gt;60%) by removing apoB containing lipoproteins due to their positive charge. Although HDL is negatively charged LDL apheresis also causes small but significant reductions in HDL-C levels (10-15%). LDL particle number (LDL-P) has been associated more strongly with clinical atherosclerotic outcomes than LDL-C; however, the impact of LDL apheresis on lipoprotein particle concentrations as determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has not been reported. Objective: To determine the effects of LDL apheresis on lipoprotein particle concentrations and to compare changes in lipoprotein particle concentrations to conventional serum lipid levels. Methods: Comprehensive NMR lipoprotein analysis was performed on serum obtained from five subjects prior to and following three occasions of LDL apheresis performed at two-week intervals. Three subjects had homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and two had coronary artery disease (CAD) and mixed dyslipidemia with LDL-C &gt; 200 mg/dL (one subject had pre-treatment triglyceride (TG) levels &gt; 400 mg/d) prior to and following LDL apheresis Results: Mean LDL-P concentration was 2957+1024 nmol/L, HDL particle number (HDL-P) was 27+9 μ mol/L and TG was 224+208 mg/dL. LDL apheresis treatment reduced LDL-P by 67% (p &lt; 0.0001) and decreased TG (43%, p = 0.153) to a lesser extent. All reductions were significant in subjects with pre-treatment TG levels &lt; 400 mg/dL. The mean HDL-P increased slightly with treatment (29+7 mg/dL, p = 0.533), but the effect was not significant. There were no treatment-dependent changes in the size distribution of LDL particles, whereas HDL particle size shifted toward an increase in medium HDL-P in FH subjects. Conclusion: This is the first report on the effects of LDL apheresis on serum concentrations of lipoprotein particles as determined by NMR. LDL apheresis promoted dramatic reductions in both LDL-C and LDL-P, whereas HDL-P was unchanged to slightly increased despite a significant decrease in HDL-C.
Elevated frequency of loss of heterozygosity of PTEN and p53 in breast carcinoma with HER2/neu overexpression
Authors: E. K. Tokunaga, Y. Kimura, E. Oki, Y. Kakeji, H. Baba, Y. Maehara
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

9607 Background: Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of loci of tumor suppressor genes, such as p16INK4A/p15INK4B, was frequently observed in mouse manmmary tumor virus (MMTV) /neu transgenic mice. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between HER2/neu overexpression and the LOH of the major tumor suppressor genes in human breast carcinoma. Methods: Pairs of primary breast carcinoma tissues and corresponding normal tissues were obtained from 108 Japanese women who underwent surgery in our department. LOH of the loci of two major tumor suppressor genes, p53 and PTEN, was analyzed using the automated sequencer. The expression of HER2/neu in breast cancer tissues was evaluated by automated immunohistochemical method. The relationship between HER2/neu overexpression and the LOH of PTEN and p53 gene was examined. Correlation between LOH of PTEN or p53 locus and other clinico-pathological values was also examined. Results: Overexpression of HER2/neu was observed in 32 samples (29.6 %). LOH of PT...
Abstract 17872: Humoral Transfer of Remote Ischemic Preconditioning’s Protection From Donor Pigs in Vivo to Isolated Recipient Rat Hearts
Authors: Andreas Skyschally, Christiane Schulte, Gerd Heusch, Petra Kleinbongard
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Objectives: Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC), i.e. brief episodes of ischemia/reperfusion in a remote organ prior to prolonged myocardial ischemia/reperfusion, reduces myocardial infarct size...
Kleptomania: making sense of the nonsensical
Authors: M J Goldman
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1991)

Kleptomania, or the irresistible impulse to steal unneeded objects, is a poorly understood disorder. The objectives of this paper are to critically review and integrate existing data and to make suggestions for further research.Information was gathered by reviewing the English-language literature on kleptomania. Cases were chosen for review that approximated the diagnosis as defined in DSM-III-R. These cases were analyzed in terms of their relationship to previous theories about the disorder, and larger relevant studies were examined. Using the data organized into a table, the author explores areas of convergence and disagreement and discusses the methodological difficulties of the different studies.Kleptomania is more common than previously thought. The "typical" individual with kleptomania is a 35-year-old woman who began to steal when she was 20 years old. Her thefts bring both relief and guilt. She probably has not sought treatment on her own but suffers from a necessary, pervasive, repetitive, and self-destructive act. She may have a history of sexual dysfunction or sexual preoccupation and may be unhappily married to an emotionally unsupportive husband. She has been labile and dysphoric for many years and may have a personality disorder. She has probably had a tumultuous, stressful childhood and may dissociate.The author proposes a biopsychosocial model of the etiology of kleptomania based on data from the literature. This model emphasizes possible childhood abuse as a precipitating factor in later development of kleptomania. More complete research is needed in the study of kleptomania.
In Vitro and In Vivo Correlates of Hybrid Tumor Resistance&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: P M Stuart, P M Iannaccone, S D Miller, M K Jenkins, F A Del Muro, R W Melvold
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1987)

Tumorigenicity of 2 sublines, TU1 and TM5, of the C.B6-H-2dm4 (dm4) mouse tumor, TDM4, was tested in dm4 and F1 hybrid mice (from crosses of dm4 with a variety of other strains) to determine the genetics of hybrid resistance to these 2 tumor sublines. Resistance to TU1 was associated with at least 3 genes and required heterozygosity in the H-2D region, with secondary effects attributable to H-2K genes and non-H-2 genes. Resistance to TM5, however, did not require H-2D region heterozygosity, whereas H-2K and non-H-2 genes appeared to have significant effects. For evaluation of possible mechanisms for hybrid resistance, 4 assay systems were used. Comparison of natural killer cell activity in dm4 and various hybrid mice revealed no consistent activity against either TU1 or TM5. Little correlation was seen between resistance and generation of strong T-lymphocyte proliferative responses to the sublines. Likewise, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) activity, particularly against TU1, was not associated with increased resistance. In contrast, delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) was consistently greater in hybrids with increased resistance to either subline. These results suggest a strong association between DTH responsiveness and hybrid resistance. Furthermore, the association, in some hybrids, of CTL activity with resistance to the TM5 subline, but not to TU1, may mean that different sublines of the same tumor can induce different sets of immune responses.