tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P302: Longitudinal Evaluation of Impact and Results of the Mississippi Kidney Foundation’s Renal Evaluation and Assessment Program (REAP)
Authors: Laura S Latham, Adam S Woodson, Deborah S Minor, Lynda M Richards, Gail G Sweat, Catherine Wells, Luis A Juncos
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Health fair-type screenings are one of the most recognizable forms of community-based health promotion. Though these screenings offer benefits in theory, little evidence supports their value. Through REAP, Mississippi Kidney Foundation routinely provides screenings for cardiovascular and renal disease risk factors. At each screening, participants obtain blood pressure, height, weight, laboratory assessments (metabolic/renal blood chemistries, complete blood count, total cholesterol, urinalysis) and complete a questionnaire regarding risk factors and disease history. Participants also receive written information about values/goals and consultation with a healthcare provider. Without a systematic evaluation, the overall value of this program is unknown. The purpose of this study was to review the impact and results of REAP and identify any changes that could improve outreach and patient care. Methods: We reviewed demographics and prevalence of cardiovascular and renal disease risk factors among participants over the previous 4 years (2010-2013). Screening sites were classified as urban or rural, according to census data. Risk factors were defined as elevated blood pressure (SBP ≥ 140 mmHg and/or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg), cholesterol (total &gt; 200 mg/dL), or blood glucose (fasting ≥ 100 mg/dL); reduced kidney function (elevated BUN/Cr and/or eGFR &lt; 60 ml/min); and proteinuria (≥ 30 mg/dL). Results: Over the review period, 57 screenings were performed at 34 sites, 15 classified as rural. Of the 5,545 participants, 4,299 were at urban and 1,246 at rural sites. Overall, 1,760 (32%) had elevated blood pressure (36% vs 31%, rural vs urban, respectively), 2,013 (36%, 40% vs 35%) elevated cholesterol and 1,046 (19%, 23% vs 18%) elevated glucose. Reduced kidney function was identified in 762 (14%, 15% vs 13%) participants, while 1,423 (26%, 29% vs 25%) had proteinuria. Among those reporting ethnicity (n=1,948) and gender (n=3,164), 614 (32%) were Caucasian, 1,290 (66%) African-American, and 2,270 (72%) female. Conclusions: Through this review, we determined that though REAP appears to target at risk populations, further efforts are needed to improve participation of males and those in rural areas. Elevated risk factors were more prevalent in rural areas; however, this may reflect differences in treatment rates, not absolute values. To better assess the impact of REAP, define risk factors, and influence patient care, we identified that more rigorous tracking, review of disease and treatment history, and further assessments are needed (i.e. full lipid panel). A graded system targeting patient follow-up is necessary, particularly among those at greatest risk. Based on these findings, these changes will be implemented, along with a post-screening evaluation of participants’ perceived benefits and result utilization.
Promoting NK cell trafficking to improve therapeutic effect of NK cell therapy on osteosarcoma
Authors: Yuanzheng Yang, Nancy Gordon, Eugenie S Kleinerman, Gangxiong Huang
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2015)

Meeting abstracts Despite the ability of NK cells to kill cancer cells, NK cell–based immunotherapy has resulted in limited clinical benefit. This is largely due to the poor capacity of adoptively transferred NK cells to home to tumors. We have shown that NK cells are able to kill osteosarcoma (
Hyperbaric oxygen for patients with chronic bowel dysfunction after pelvic radiotherapy (HOT2): a randomised, double-blind, sham-controlled phase 3 trial
Authors: Mark Glover, Gary R Smerdon, H Jervoise Andreyev, Barbara E Benton, Pieter Bothma, Oliver Firth, Lone Gothard, John Harrison, Mihaela Ignatescu, Gerard Laden, Sue Martin, Lauren Maynard, Des McCann, Christine E L Penny, Spencer Phillips, Grace Sharp, John Yarnold
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2015)
Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and accelerated DNA methylation ageing: an observational study
Authors: Jun Li, Xiaoyan Zhu, Siyun Deng, Xuezhen Liu, Qifei Deng, Kuai Yu, Huizhen Sun, Xiaomin Zhang, Huan Guo, Weihong Chen, Jing Yuan, Dan Kuang, Meian He, Yansen Bai, Xu Han, Bing Liu, Yizhi Zhang, Haijing Jiang, Longxian Cheng, Xiaoting Luo, Wenhua Mei, Zhiming Zhou, Shunchang Sun, Xiaosheng He, Liyun Zhang, Chuanyao Liu, Yanjun Guo, Bing Zhang, Zhihong Zhang, Frank B Hu, Liming Liang, Tangchun Wu
Journal: The Lancet (2015)
The impending demise of the item in visual search
Authors: Johan Hulleman, Christian N. L. Olivers
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2015)

The way the cognitive system scans the visual environment for relevant information - visual search in short - has been a long-standing central topic in vision science. From its inception as a research topic, and despite a number of promising alternative perspectives, the study of visual search has been governed by the assumption that a search proceeds on the basis of individual items (whether processed in parallel or not). This has led to the additional assumptions that shallow search slopes (at most a few tens of milliseconds per item for target-present trials) are most informative about the underlying process, and that eye movements are an epiphenomenon that can be safely ignored. We argue that the evidence now overwhelmingly favours an approach that takes fixations, not individual items, as its central unit. Within fixations, items are processed in parallel, and the functional field of view determines how many fixations are needed. In this type of theoretical framework, there is a direct connection between target discrimination difficulty, fixations, and reaction time (RT) measures. It therefore promises a more fundamental understanding of visual search by offering a unified account of both eye movement and manual response behaviour across the entire range of observed search efficiency, and provides new directions for research. A high-level conceptual simulation with just one free and four fixed parameters shows the viability of this approach.
Prevention of Premature Menopause and Preservation of Fertility in Young Cancer Survivors
Authors: Ann H. Partridge
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Significance of Hepatitis G Virus in Serum of Patients With Sporadic Fulminant and Subfulminant Hepatitis of Unknown Etiology
Authors: Santiago J. Muñoz, Harvey J. Alter, Yoshiyuki Nakatsuji, James W.-K. Shih, Rajender K. Reddy, Lennox Jeffers, Eugene R. Schiff, Andrea E. Reid, Aldo Marrone, Kenneth Rothstein, Cosme Manzarbeitia, T. Jake Liang
Journal: Blood (1999)
High incidence of sinusitis in asthmatic patients detected by computed tomography
Authors: Kazuhiro Yatera, Kei Yamasaki, Shingo Noguchi, Minako Hanaka, Shuya Nagata, Chinatsu Nishida, Yukiko Kawanami, Toshinori Kawanami, Hiroshi Ishimoto, Hiroshi Mukae
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background  Allergic rhinitis and sinusitis are frequent comorbidities in patients with bronchial asthma, and these nasal and sinus complications are reported to correlate with worsening of symptoms of asthma. Diagnosis of rhinitis and sinusitis are commonly diagnosed by clinical symptoms, X-ray, laryngoscope and sinus CT, but there are only a few reports of CT findings of sinus in patients with bronchial asthma.  Patients and Methods  From April 2010 to December 2011, 115 patients with bronchial asthma were enrolled in this study. Duration of disease, treatment steps (JGL2009), medications and symptoms of bronchial asthma (Asthma Control Questionnaire; ACQ, etc.), nasal symptoms (nasal discharge, nasal obstruction and nasal voice) and spirometry in addition to sinus CT findings were evaluated.  Results  Eighty-four patients (73%) showed sinusitis by sinus CT in these 115 patients. Nasal polyps were detected in 15 (13%) patients, and higher treatment steps were observed in patients with bronchial asthma complication sinusitis (p  Nasal symptoms were detected in 76 (66%), and nasal voice (61, 53%) is significantly highly detected in patients with bronchial asthma complicating sinusitis. ACQ and parameters of pulmonary function were not significantly different in asthmatic patients with or without sinusitis.  Conclusion  Incidence of sinusitis in our study was relatively higher than the incidence of 66.3% previously reported by Matsuno et al. (2008). Patients with sinusitis detected by sinus CT tend to receive higher treatment steps, and it is speculated that sinus CT is useful for detecting and evaluating sinusitis as a complication of bronchial asthma.
Clinical Utility of the Percentage of Positive Prostate Biopsies in Defining Biochemical Outcome After Radical Prostatectomy for Patients With Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer
Authors: Anthony V. D’Amico, Richard Whittington, S. Bruce Malkowicz, Delray Schultz, Julia Fondurulia, Ming-Hui Chen, John E. Tomaszewski, Andrew A. Renshaw, Alan Wein, Jerome P. Richie
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2000)

To determine the clinical utility of the percentage of positive prostate biopsies in predicting prostate-specific antigen (PSA) outcome after radical prostatectomy (RP) for men with PSA-detected or clinically palpable prostate cancer.A Cox regression multivariable analysis was used to determine whether the percentage of positive prostate biopsies provided clinically relevant information about PSA outcome after RP in 960 men while accounting for the previously established risk groups that are defined according to pretreatment PSA level, biopsy Gleason score, and the 1992 American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) clinical T stage. The findings were then tested using an independent surgical database that included data for 823 men.Controlling for the known prognostic factors, the percentage of positive prostate biopsies added clinically significant information (P <.0001) regarding time to PSA failure after RP. Specifically, 80% of the patients in the intermediate-risk group (1992 AJCC T2b, or biopsy Gleason 7 or PSA > 10 ng/mL and </= 20 ng/mL) could be classified into either an 11% or 86% 4-year PSA control cohort using the preoperative prostate biopsy data. These findings were validated in the intermediate-risk patients using an independent surgical data set.The validated stratification of PSA outcome after RP using the percentage of positive prostate biopsies in intermediate-risk patients is clinically significant. This information can be used to identify men with newly diagnosed and clinically localized prostate cancer who are at high risk for early (</= 2 years) PSA failure and, therefore, may benefit from the use of adjuvant therapy.
Abnormal illness behaviour amongst COPD patients entering pulmonary rehabilitation
Authors: Paul Cafarella, Mohammed Alyami, Peter Frith, Steve Quinn
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction: COPD patients present with a mixture of symptoms, some of which may not always be attributable to physical pathology. The degree of the psychological and behavioural component of illness may at times be out of proportion with objective physical pathology. Maladaptive perceptions associated with abnormal illness behaviour (AIB) may have negative consequences for patients' health outcomes.

Objectives: The study aimed to 1) investigate the prevalence and type of AIB present in COPD patients entering pulmonary rehabilitation and 2) evaluate the associations between AIB, quality of life, mental health and level of disability in COPD patients.

Method: A cross-sectional study design was employed. Sixty-nine COPD participants entering a pulmonary rehabilitation program completed the Illness Behaviour Questionnaire (IBQ), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Short Form 36 (SF-36) and Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire (CRQ).

Results: Correlations indicated that AIB was significantly (p<0.01) associated with anxiety, age, dyspnoea and emotional function. Multiple regressions indicated that significant (p<0.01) predictive relationships existed between the Hypochondriasis subscale of the IBQ and anxiety (HADS), dyspnoea (CRQ) and mental disability (SF36).

Conclusion: AIB is linked with health outcomes amongst COPD patients. Early recognition of AIB allows for the tailoring of pulmonary rehabilitation programs to address perception of illness issues.
Chemical or Surgical Castration—Is This Still an Important Question?
Authors: Michael Kolinsky, Pasquale Rescigno, Johann S. de Bono
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Genocide and the plight of children in Rwanda. Letter from Kigali.
Authors: Geltman P, Stover E
Journal: JAMA (1997)

In less than 3 months during 1994 internecine conflict in Rwanda led to the systematic murder of more than 500000 people including thousands of children.  Rwandan society remains highly traumatized with children being most vulnerable.  The more than 100000 children orphaned or separated from their parents are at particular risk.  While Rwanda has come far since the recent genocide the recent return to the country of approximately 750000 Rwandan refugees will greatly strain the resources of the health care infrastructure.  The country needs international help to rebuild its health care system and to train health care providers.  Most of Rwandas health care facilities were severely damaged during the war and more than 80% of the countrys health professionals were either killed or fled the country.  Based upon their observations during a recent trip to the country the authors estimated that there were less than 10 trained pediatricians in the country as of early 1996.  National pediatric associations could help Rwanda rebuild.  Significant problems remain which jeopardize child health and the recovery of the country overall.  The plight of children psychological aspects family reunification and programs directed at children are discussed.
Treatment of isolated testicular relapse in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: an Italian multicenter study. Associazione Italiana Ematologia ed Oncologia Pediatrica.
Authors: C Uderzo, M Grazia Zurlo, L Adamoli, L Zanesco, M Aricò, G Calculli, A Comelli, L Cordero di Montezemolo, M T Di Tullio, C Guazzelli
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1990)

Between May 1980 and April 1987, 49 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in isolated testicular and first leukemia relapse (ITR) were enrolled in the Associazione Italiana Ematologia ed Oncologia Pediatrica (AIEOP) multicenter study REC80-ITR. According to the Rome Workshop criteria, 77% were at standard and 23% at high initial prognostic risk. In 33% of the cases, ITR occurred during first treatment. The REC80-ITR protocol consisted of an induction phase regimen of vincristine (VCR), cytarabine (ARA-C), methotrexate (MTX), and asparaginase (L-asp), and bilateral testicular irradiation, and CNS prophylaxis with intrathecal MTX and a maintenance phase with a multidrug rotating regimen. Total treatment duration was 30 months. The median time of observation after ITR was 51 months. The Kaplan-Meier estimates of survival and disease-free survival (DFS) at 4 years were 67.7% and 41%, respectively. Patients who had an ITR on therapy or within the first off-therapy year showed the poorest outcome. The DFS at 3 years was 20%, 47.6%, and 100%, respectively, for children who had an ITR on treatment (n = 16), within the first year of treatment withdrawal (n = 22), or later (n = 10) (P = .001). Patients with an asymptomatic occult testicular infiltrate at treatment discontinuation had a very unfavorable prognosis. Eighty-one percent of second relapses involved the bone marrow. In our experience, children presenting an early ITR (ie, within 6 months of treatment withdrawal) need a very aggressive treatment because of the high probability of an underlying systemic disease. On the other hand, patients with a late ITR seem to have a truly local recurrence and can apparently be cured by standard protocols, as shown in protocol REC80-ITR.
“Rehabilitation will increase the ‘capacity’ of your …insert musculoskeletal tissue here….” Defining ‘tissue capacity’: a core concept for clinicians
Authors: JL Cook, SI Docking
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2015)

Moral distress is the psychological distress that is experienced in relation to a morally challenging situation or event. Although it was first observed within nursing, caregivers across all disciplines—including physicians, respiratory therapists, social workers and chaplains—experience moral distress. In this consult, we discuss 5 types of moral distress using examples of changes to clinical practice that have occurred due to COVID-19. We also provide suggestions for responding to moral distress and outline the resources available at Cleveland Clinic.
Abstract 4726: Gene expression signatures of isolated circulating tumor cells from metastatic breast cancer patients reveal presence of breast cancer stem cells with EMT or MET phenotypes
Authors: Shamileh Fouladdel, Hyeun Joong Yoon, Eric Lin, Tae Hyun Kim, Yadwinder S. Deol, Tahra K. Luther, Shawn G. Clouthier, Hui Jiang, Monika L. Burness, Sunitha Nagrath, Ebrahim Azizi, Max S. Wicha
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Breast cancer stem cells are responsible for tumor recurrence, metastasis and drug resistance. One of the important steps in metastasis is entry of tumor cells into the blood circulation. These circulating tumor cells (CTCs) may serve as markers of cancer progression and as a “liquid biopsy” to provide information on tumor biology at single cell resolution. Current methods of CTC capture are not fully inclusive to isolate all phenotypic variations of cancer stem cells (CSCs) among the CTCs. Using newly developed microfluidic methods to isolate CTCs from blood samples of metastatic breast cancer patients, we assessed gene expression profiles in these cells. The gene expression signatures of isolated CTCs were determined using a highly sensitive microfluidic-based 96-plex RT-qPCR method. Analyzed multiplex RT-qPCR data revealed distinct gene expression patterns among CTCs isolated from different patients. Cancer stem cell markers such as ALDH1a1, ALDH1a2 and ALDH1a3 as well as CD44 and CD24 genes were differentially expressed in isolated CTCs. In addition, markers of the epithelial to mesenchymal (EMT) and mesenchymal to epithelial (MET) phenotypes such as Vimentin, EpCAM, HER2, CDH1, CDH2, TGFb1 and cytokeratins were also expressed variably in the CTC samples. Furthermore, MMP9, TIMP1, CD90, CD14, SPARC, BRAF, KRAS, PI3K and ERCC1 genes which play a role in cancer initiation, promotion, metastasis and drug resistance were also differentially expressed in the isolated CTCs. Overall, these studies further our understanding into the heterogeneity of CTCs and CSCs as well as providing a potential tool for real-time monitoring of cancer patients on clinical trials. Citation Format: Shamileh Fouladdel, Hyeun Joong Yoon, Eric Lin, Tae Hyun Kim, Yadwinder S. Deol, Tahra K. Luther, Shawn G. Clouthier, Hui Jiang, Monika L. Burness, Sunitha Nagrath, Ebrahim Azizi, Max S. Wicha. Gene expression signatures of isolated circulating tumor cells from metastatic breast cancer patients reveal presence of breast cancer stem cells with EMT or MET phenotypes. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 4726. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-4726
Units of sampling, observation, and analysis
Authors: Philip Sedgwick
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Researchers sought the views of the British public on the acceptability of the use of personal medical data for the purposes of public health research and surveillance without individual consent. A cross sectional study was performed by the Office for National Statistics. A survey was constructed to ascertain the acceptability of the use of identifiable information for public health purposes in the context of the National Cancer Registry. The participants were recruited using multistage sampling of adults in the UK during March and April 2015. The multistage sampling consisted of three stages. At the first stage a sample of postal districts in the UK was selected at random, with the probability of selection proportional to size. Within each district, a random sample of private households was selected. In households with more than one adult, one person was selected at random. Face to face interviews were carried out with 2872 adults.1

Of the 2872 respondents, 72% (95% confidence interval 70% to 74%) did not consider any of the following to be an invasion of their privacy by the National Cancer Registry: inclusion of postcode, inclusion of name and address, or the receipt of a letter inviting them to a research study on the basis of inclusion in the registry. It was concluded that most of the British public does not …
Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome caused by a homozygous FasL mutation that disrupts FasL assembly
Authors: Ali Sobh, Elena Crestani, Brittney Cangemi, Jennifer Kane, Janet Chou, Sung-Yun Pai, Luigi D. Notarangelo, Waleed Al-Herz, Raif S. Geha, Michel J. Massaad
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)