tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 342: Implication Of Mir-98 In The Cardiac Vulnerability Of Pregnancy To Ischemia Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Jingyuan Li, Zoltan Pierre Arany, Mansoureh Eghbali
Journal: Circulation Research (2014)

We have recently reported that the late-pregnant(LP) rodent is more prone to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury compared to non-pregnant(NP). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in the higher susceptibility of LP to IR injury are not quite clear. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of miRNA-98(miR-98) in higher cardiac vulnerability to I/R injury in late pregnancy. NP and LP(19 days of pregnancy Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 45 min myocardial ischemia followed by 3 hr reperfusion in vivo (I/R group). NP and LP rats which were not subjected to I/R injury served as controls. MicroRNA microarray expression were performed. In vitro, miR-98 was knocked down or overexpressed in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes(NRVMs). Forty eight hour post-transfection, the cells were subjected to 3 hr hypoxia followed by 12 hr reoxygenation. The apoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining, and the western blot was performed to validate the computational predicted targets genes, PGC-1α and STAT3. The miRNA expression profile showed that several miRNAs were differentially expressed in LP sham compared to NP sham, particularly, miR-98 which was significantly upregulated 1.7 fold in LP sham vs NP sham. Interestingly, miR-98 was upregulated even higher (2.3 folds) in LP rats when subjected to ischemia/reperfusion injury compared to NP I/R, suggesting that both ischemia reperfusion and late pregnancy regulate miR-98. Knock down of miRNA-98 in NRVMs significantly reduced apoptosis by ~50%, while over-expression of miR98 resulted in a two fold increase in apoptosis. In-vitro overexpression of miR98-KD in NRVMS resulted in the a significant upregulation of PGC-1α(normalized to scramble control, 1.34±0.04, P&lt;0.05) and STAT3(normalized to scramble control, 1.28±0.05, P&lt;0.05), whereas overexpression of miR-98 resulted in downregulation of both target genes(normalized to scramble control, 0.75±0.02 in PGC-1α; 0.5±0.03 in STAT3, both P&lt;0.05). In conclusion, induction of miR-98 by pregnancy possibly through downregulating PGC-1α and STAT3 may at least in part underlie the greater cardiac vulnerability to I/R injury in late pregnancy.
Impact of HLA of Winning Cord Blood Unit on Outcomes after Double Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation in Adults with Acute Leukemia: A Retrospective Study on Behalf of Eurocord, the Cord Blood Committee Cellular Therapy and Immunobiology Working Party and the Acute Leukemia Working Party of the EBMT
Authors: Federica Giannotti, Annalisa Ruggeri, Myriam Labopin, Jan Cornelissen, Mauricette Michallet, Dimitrios Karakasis, Eric Deconinck, Pierre-Simon Rohrlich, Gerard Socie, Didier Blaise, Eefke Petersen, Pierre Feugier, Henrik Sengeloev, Thierry Lamy, Nigel H. Russell, Noel-Jean Milpied, Charles F. Craddock, Chantal Kenzey, Mohamad Mohty, Eliane Gluckman, Arnon Nagler, Vanderson Rocha
Journal: Blood (2015)
In chronic nonspecific neck pain, adding Alexander Technique lessons or acupuncture to usual care improved pain
Authors: Michael J. Baime
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2016)

Source Citation MacPherson H, Tilbrook H, Richmond S, et al. Alexander technique lessons or acupuncture sessions for persons with chronic neck pain: A randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2015;163:653-62. 26524571
Abstract 13797: The Lipophilic Index of Red Blood Cell Membranes and Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death in Women
Authors: Stephanie E Chiuve, Qi Sun, Hongyu Wu, Katerina De Vito, Eric L Ding, Nancy R Cook, Christine M Albert
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction:  Fatty acids (FA) are classified based on structural properties (i.e., chain length, saturation, configuration) which may not capture fully their biologic properties. The lipophilic index (LI) is a novel index that summarizes the overall FA profile based on individual FA melting points, which determine FA affinity and membrane fluidity. Because saturates have high and unsaturates have low melting points, greater LI represents potentially decreased membrane fluidity. Changes in cell membrane fluidity may influence predisposition to fatal ventricular arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death (SCD) through changes in cellular electrophysiology.   Methods:  To examine whether LI was associated with SCD, we conducted a prospective, nested case-control study among 32,826 women in the Nurses’ Health Study, aged 44-69 at the time of blood draw. Over 22 years, 137 cases of sudden and/or arrhythmic cardiac death were matched to 2 controls on age, ethnicity, smoking status, fasting status and presence of CVD using risk set sampling. The RBC LI was calculated by multiplying the concentration of each FA in the RBC membrane by its melting point and summing across all FA (n=28). Multivariable conditional logistic regression models adjusted for CVD risk factors estimated the relative risk (RR).   Results:  Compared to the lowest quartile (Q) of the RBC LI, the RR (95%CI) for SCD were 1.44 (0.69, 3.00) in Q2, 1.63 (0.76, 3.52) in Q3 and 2.64 (1.27, 5.49) in Q4 after accounting for matching factors and potential confounders (P, trend =0.007). These relationships remained significant after adjusting for n-3 FA EPA + DHA (RR Q4 v Q1: 2.29; 95%CI: 1.05, 5.00, P, trend = 0.03) and polyunsaturated:saturated fat ratio (RR Q4 v Q1: 2.85; 95%CI: 1.32, 6.17, P, trend = 0.001). Results were not appreciably altered after adjusting for other FA previously associated with SCD risk, including α-linolenic acid, trans FA, and FA in the de novo lipogenesis pathway. In contrast, the inverse association between RBC n-3 FA and SCD risk was not significant after adjustment for LI.   Conclusions:  Higher RBC LI, representative of decreased membrane fluidity, was associated with significantly higher SCD risk. The LI as a summary measure provided additional information beyond individual FA on SCD risk.
Uptake of surgical prophylaxis in underserved, ethnic minority <i>BRCA</i> mutation carriers.
Authors: Heather R. Macdonald, Charite Ricker, Neisha Opper, Grace G. Wong
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

45 Background: Little data exist regarding uptake of surgical prophylaxis in the underserved clinical setting. This study describes acceptance of surgical prophylaxis amongst BRCA mutation carriers in a primarily Hispanic (60%) and Asian (15%) medically underserved population. Methods: An IRB-approved retrospective chart review of deleterious or suspected deleterious BRCA mutations carriers extracted clinicopathologic data, surgical history, and family cancer history. Patients younger than the recommended age of prophylaxis, undergoing active therapy, or with metastatic cancer were excluded. Results: Forty-six carriers of known or suspected deleterious BRCA mutations expressed decisions regarding prophylactic bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and/or mastectomy. Thirty nine women identified themselves as Hispanic, 32 from Mexico. Three women were Asian, 2 African American and 1 Middle Eastern. Forty-two patients were previously affected by cancer, with a mean age at first cancer diagnosis of 42. Four patients were unaffected. Thirty-two women with a previous cancer diagnosis accepted prophylaxis: 11 RRM plus RRSO, 10 RRSO only, 11 RRM only. Three unaffected women underwent RRSO only. None of the unaffected patients chose RRM only. Presence of an affected family member younger than 35 at time of cancer diagnosis correlated with uptake of prophylactic surgery (18 accepted vs. 1 declined; p=0.01). There was a trend towards acceptance of prophylaxis among women with earlier TNM stage that did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: More than 50% of eligible BRCA mutation carriers in this medically underserved population underwent RRM, RRSO, or both. Young family members affected with cancer positively influenced acceptance of surgical prophylaxis. [Table: see text]
Independent review of AGO-OVAR 12, a GCIG/ENGOT-Intergroup phase III trial of nintedanib (N) in first-line therapy for ovarian cancer (OC).
Authors: Gunnar Kristensen, Philipp Harter, Olivier Trédan, Martin Oliver Sailer, Aristotelis Bamias, Nicoletta Colombo, Alexander Reinthaller, Frederic Goffin, Margarita Romeo, Petronella Ottevanger, Rainer Kimmig, Susanne Malander, Florence Joly, Nikolaus De Gregorio, Mansoor Raza Mirza, Jacobus Pfisterer, Tomas Minarik, Sandro Pignata, Michael Merger, Andreas Du Bois
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

5556^ Background: N is an oral inhibitor of VEGFR, PDGFR, and FGFR. As reported earlier, in the AGO-OVAR12 trial, N compared to placebo (Pl), added to standard chemotherapy, significantly prolonged investigator (inv)-determined PFS (1° endpoint [EP]) in first-line OC. Here we report independent review committee (IRC)-determined PFS. Methods: IRC-PFS was predefined as sensitivity analysis to the 1° EP (database lock triggered by inv-PFS events). IRC-PFS was analyzed in the intent-to-treat population (n=1366), based on RECIST 1.1 and restrictive predefined clinical (clin) criteria. Debulking surgery details were provided to the IRC radiologist to support assessment of baseline (BL) tumor burden, and additional clin data to the IRC oncologist for a final integrative review. Results: Adherence to prescheduled imaging within 4 weeks of the prescribed date was high (>75%); independent review was completed for 94% of patients (pts). The IRC identified 4.3% of pts without tumor lesions at BL compared to 31.5% in on-site imaging; and 50.7% were stratified as free of residual tumor (integrating also surgery information) at randomization. Event concordance between IRC- and inv-PFS was very high (85.8%). Low discordance overall was primarily due to 19.5% (N) and 16.5% (Pl) of inv-determined PFS events (n=752 events) not detected by IRC, IRC detected an event in 9.2% (N) and 8.5% (Pl) of patients without inv-determined event (IRC total n=668 events). Concordance for event date was high, 75% of dates differed by <4 weeks. IRC-PFS was similar to inv-PFS (IRC: HR 0.86 [0.74-1.01], mPFS N=19.5 mo vs Pl=16.8 mo; inv: HR 0.84 [0.72-0.98], mPFS N=17.2 mo vs Pl=16.6 mo). Outcome of post hoc defined subgroup analysis (risk groups by stage and tumor burden) were also similar ('low-risk', IRC: HR 0.77 [0.62-0.96], mPFS N=27.8 mo vs Pl=21.9 mo; inv: HR 0.74 [0.61-0.91], mPFS N=27.1 mo vs Pl=20.8 mo). Conclusions: IRC-PFS (sensitivity analysis of 1° was highly concordant with inv-PFS regarding PFS events, event dates, and overall outcome. Consistency of BL tumor assessment by the IRC, site-radiologists and clinical inv was low, possibly affecting individual PFS assessment but not overall HR. Clinical trial information: NCT01015118.
Potentiation of anti-glioma immunity induced by oncolytic adenovirus Delta-24-RGD through viral expression of immune co-stimulator OX40 ligand
Authors: Hong Jiang, Karen Dwyer, Laura Bover, Frederick Lang, Candelaria Gomez-Manzano, Juan Fueyo
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2015)

Meeting abstracts Oncolytic viruses are promising alternative cancer therapies that can cause anti-cancer immunity. We found Delta-24-RGD, an oncolytic adenovirus currently undergoing Phase I clinical trial in patients with recurrent glioblastomas, induced anti-glioma immunity in an immunpcompetent
Cisplatin, etoposide, ifosfamide, vincristine and bleomycin combination chemotherapy for far advanced testicular carcinoma
Authors: A Harstrick, H J Schmoll, C H Köhne-Wömpner, L Bergmann, U Lammers, J Hohnloser, G Dölken, P Reichhardt, W Siegert, F Natt
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1991)
Planned Repeat Cesarean Section at Term and Adverse Childhood Health Outcomes: A Record-Linkage Study
Authors: Mairead Black, Siladitya Bhattacharya, Sam Philip, Jane E. Norman, David J. McLernon
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2016)

Background Global cesarean section (CS) rates range from 1% to 52%, with a previous CS being the commonest indication. Labour following a previous CS carries risk of scar rupture, with potential for offspring hypoxic brain injury, leading to high rates of repeat elective CS. However, the effect of delivery by CS on long-term outcomes in children is unclear. Increasing evidence suggests that in avoiding exposure to maternal bowel flora during labour or vaginal birth, offspring delivered by CS may be adversely affected in terms of energy uptake from the gut and immune development, increasing obesity and asthma risks, respectively. This study aimed to address the evidence gap on long-term childhood outcomes following repeat CS by comparing adverse childhood health outcomes after (1) planned repeat CS and (2) unscheduled repeat CS with those that follow vaginal birth after CS (VBAC). Methods and Findings A data-linkage cohort study was performed. All second-born, term, singleton offspring delivered between 1 January 1993 and 31 December 2007 in Scotland, UK, to women with a history of CS (n = 40,145) were followed up until 31 January 2015. Outcomes assessed included obesity at age 5 y, hospitalisation with asthma, learning disability, cerebral palsy, and death. Cox regression and binary logistic regression were used as appropriate to compare outcomes following planned repeat CS (n = 17,919) and unscheduled repeat CS (n = 8,847) with those following VBAC (n = 13,379). Risk of hospitalisation with asthma was greater following both unscheduled repeat CS (3.7% versus 3.3%, adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.18, 95% CI 1.05–1.33) and planned repeat CS (3.6% versus 3.3%, adjusted HR 1.24, 95% CI 1.09–1.42) compared with VBAC. Learning disability and death were more common following unscheduled repeat CS compared with VBAC (3.7% versus 2.3%, adjusted odds ratio 1.64, 95% CI 1.17–2.29, and 0.5% versus 0.4%, adjusted HR 1.50, 95% CI 1.00–2.25, respectively). Risk of obesity at age 5 y and risk of cerebral palsy were similar between planned repeat CS or unscheduled repeat CS and VBAC. Study limitations include the risk that women undergoing an unscheduled CS had intended to have a planned CS, and lack of data on indication for CS, which may confound the findings. Conclusions Birth by repeat CS, whether planned or unscheduled, was associated with an increased risk of hospitalisation with asthma but no difference in risk of obesity at age 5 y. Greater risk of death and learning disability following unscheduled repeat CS compared to VBAC may reflect complications during labour. Further research, including meta-analyses of studies of rarer outcomes (e.g., cerebral palsy), are needed to confirm whether such risks are similar between delivery groups.
All GPs in Brent and Harrow offer hepatitis B vaccination to drug users
Authors: C. Ford
Journal: BMJ (1996)

the requirements of journals.The first would obviously be "adverse drug reaction," followed by the nature of the reaction (and if necessary the organ affected when this is not obvious from the wording of the nature of the reaction) and by the generic name of the suspected drug.Optional key words could be the chemical or therapeutic class and the mechanism.An example is "adverse drug reaction, skin, urticaria, ampicillin, ,-lactamines, hypersensitivity."Standardised coding would greatly facilitate the retrieval of information on drug reactions by prescribers, pharmaceutical companies, and anyone else with an interest in the subject.
Physical assaults in a psychiatric unit of a general hospital
Authors: J G Edwards, D Jones, W H Reid, C C Chu
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1988)

The authors collected data concerning assaults, assaultive patients, and victims in a psychiatric unit during a 12-month period and compared them with data from a control group of patients. Thirty-seven assaults by 25 patients were recorded. Fourteen of the victims were patients and 23 were members of staff. The assaultive group contained a significantly higher proportion of schizophrenic patients than did the control group and significantly larger numbers of patients from lower socioeconomic classes, patients admitted involuntarily under a section of the Mental Health Act, and patients with a history of assaults.
Combined endobronchial brachytherapy, external beam radiotherapy, with or without concurrent chemotherapy for bronchial obstruction for renal cell carcinoma metastases
Authors: L. S. Doh, J. M. Gonzalez, E. B. Butler, R. J. Amato, B. S. Teh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

4760 Background: To report safety and efficacy of endobronchial brachytherapy (EBT) combined with external beam radiation (ER) with or without concurrent chemotherapy in patients with bronchial obstruction by metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Methods: Between April 2003 and July 2004, 15 consecutive patients with metastatic RCC to the lung (female n = 5, male n = 10; age: median 56 years) underwent endobronchial LDR brachytherapy. Eight patients were treated with concurrent chemotherapy consisting of capecitabine (1200mg/m2 orally 2 weeks on, 1 off), Thalidomide (200mg escalating to 400mg orally), and Interferon alpha (1mIu subcutaneously twice daily). Tumor size varied from 1.4 to 15 cm (mean 4.92cm). The initial endobronchial obstruction ranged from 60 - 100% (mean 84%). ER of 17.5 to 50 Gy (mean 39.3 Gy) were given (2.5–3.0 Gy/fx) either prior to or after the EBT. Ir-192 EBT was dosed to 20.0Gy at 1cm. Two patients with complete obstruction were treated with Au-198 seeds implants and were dosed to 25 and 30 Gy at 1 cm. Patients were followed up with history and physical exams, bronchoscopy and chest CT. Results: There were no major complications during catheterization and no treatment related mortality. Two patients died during ER unrelated to the radiation treatments. Eleven of 11 patients with follow-up had partial response as measured by subjective improvement on endobronchial examination. Therapy regimen was found to be effective for the palliation of symptoms: 7/7 patients for dyspnea, 5/7 for cough, and 3/3 for hemoptysis. One patient who experienced an improvement in dyspnea had a post-treatment bronchoscopy which revealed a 70% improvement in the obstruction. Five patients have died at last follow-up. Conclusions: We have demonstrated that EBT resulted in no complications even in combination with chemotherapy and ER. Also, the procedure is well tolerated with no major discomforts. This combined approach appears to be effective in palliating obstructive symptoms of dyspnea, cough and hemoptysis. Further studies of LDR-EBT in the multidisciplinary management of metastatic lung disease from RCC for symptoms palliation are planned. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Treatment of Metastatic Endocrine-Unresponsive Carcinoma of the Prostate Gland With Multiagent Chemotherapy: indicators of Response to Therapy2
Authors: David F. Paulson, William R. Berry, Edwin B. Cox, Ann Walker, John Laszlo
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

Eighty-eight patients with metastatic and hormonally unresponsive carcinoma of the prostate gland were treated with a multiagent chemotherapy protocol. Because of the difficulty in evaluating the response of patients to therapy, data were collected in a prospective fashion and analyzed for clinical or laboratory changes that correlated with improved survivorship. Decrease of initially abnormal values of either acid or alkaline phosphatase into the normal range was associated with prolonged survival; weight gain of more than 10% was also associated with improved survival. Thirty-three patients demonstrated a fall of acid or alkaline phosphatase into the normal range or they increased their weight by at least 10%. The median survival time for this group of patients was 76.1 weeks as compared to 28.2 weeks for patients who failed to exhibit these changes. In future studies of the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer, these changes might be used as criteria of response to therapy.
Biomarkers and Surrogate Endpoints
Authors: Melissa A. Robb, Pamela M. McInnes, Robert M. Califf
Journal: JAMA (2016)

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Patient choice in opt-in, active choice, and opt-out HIV screening: randomized clinical trial
Authors: Juan Carlos C Montoy, William H Dow, Beth C Kaplan
Journal: BMJ (2016)

<b>Study question</b>&nbsp;What is the effect of default test offers—opt-in, opt-out, and active choice—on the likelihood of acceptance of an HIV test among patients receiving care in an emergency department? <b>Methods</b>&nbsp;This was a randomized clinical trial conducted in the emergency department of an urban teaching hospital and regional trauma center. Patients aged 13-64 years were randomized to opt-in, opt-out, and active choice HIV test offers. The primary outcome was HIV test acceptance percentage. The Denver Risk Score was used to categorize patients as being at low, intermediate, or high risk of HIV infection. <b>Study answer and limitations</b>&nbsp;38.0% (611/1607) of patients in the opt-in testing group accepted an HIV test, compared with 51.3% (815/1628) in the active choice arm (difference 13.3%, 95% confidence interval 9.8% to 16.7%) and 65.9% (1031/1565) in the opt-out arm (difference 27.9%, 24.4% to 31.3%). Compared with active choice testing, opt-out testing led to a 14.6 (11.1 to 18.1) percentage point increase in test acceptance. Patients identified as being at intermediate and high risk were more likely to accept testing than were those at low risk in all arms (difference 6.4% (3.4% to 9.3%) for intermediate and 8.3% (3.3% to 13.4%) for high risk). The opt-out effect was significantly smaller among those reporting high risk behaviors, but the active choice effect did not significantly vary by level of reported risk behavior. Patients consented to inclusion in the study after being offered an HIV test, and inclusion varied slightly by treatment assignment. The study took place at a single county hospital in a city that is somewhat unique with respect to HIV testing; although the test acceptance percentages themselves might vary, a different pattern for opt-in versus active choice versus opt-out test schemes would not be expected. <b>What this paper adds</b>&nbsp;Active choice is a distinct test regimen, with test acceptance patterns that may best approximate patients' true preferences. Opt-out regimens can substantially increase HIV testing, and opt-in schemes may reduce testing, compared with active choice testing. <b>Funding, competing interests, data sharing</b>&nbsp;This study was supported by grant NIA 1RC4AG039078 from the National Institute on Aging. The full dataset is available from the corresponding author. Consent for data sharing was not obtained, but the data are anonymized and risk of identification is low. <b>Trial registration</b>&nbsp;Clinical trials NCT01377857.