tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Indoor PM2.5 levels in homes using different types of cooking fuels in a rural Indian population and it's association with COPD
Authors: Utkarsh Mukkannawar, Somanath Sambhudas, Sanjay Juvekar, Ajay Ojha, Sundeep Salvi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

50% of world's population uses biomass fuel (BMF) for cooking and heating purposes, an important risk factor for COPD.

Aim: To measure indoor particulate matter diameter <2.5μm (PM2.5) levels in homes that use different types of cooking fuels in a rural population, and to study its association with COPD.

Methodology: 287 homes using different types of cooking fuels (Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG): 91, BMF: 101, LPG+BMF- MIX: 95) were randomly selected from 22 villages. All male and female individuals above the age of 25yrs residing in these homes were invited to participate. After obtaining written consent, indoor PM2.5 levels were measured using “AirMetircs” low volume sampler over 24hrs and expressed as μg/m3. All subjects performed pre and post bronchodilator spirometory. COPD was defined as post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC <70%, and small airways obstruction (SAO) as FEF25-75% <65% predicted.

Results: 429 subjects (mean age 45±15 years; M: 217 and F: 212) consented to participate and 266 performed acceptable spirometry. Prevalences of COPD and SAO were 4.9% and 24.4%, and 100% and 92% respectively, were never smokers. 24hr mean levels of PM2.5 were significantly higher in homes that used BMF verses LPG [median (IQR): BMF 256.3 μg/m3 (145-414) verses LPG 109.7 μg/m3 (85-172); p < 0.0001]. Use of BMF was strongly associated with SAO [OR: 2.39 p=0.02] and was also associated with COPD (OR: 3.28), although this did not reach statistical significance (CI: 0.8-14.23).

Conclusion: In Indian villages, homes that use BMF have significantly higher indoor PM2.5 levels and this is strongly associated with increased prevalence of COPD and small airways obstruction.
The 20 <i>S</i> proteasome core, active within apoptotic exosome-like vesicles, induces autoantibody production and accelerates rejection
Authors: Mélanie Dieudé, Christina Bell, Julie Turgeon, Deborah Beillevaire, Luc Pomerleau, Bing Yang, Katia Hamelin, Shijie Qi, Nicolas Pallet, Chanel Béland, Wahiba Dhahri, Jean-François Cailhier, Matthieu Rousseau, Anne-Claire Duchez, Tania Lévesque, Arthur Lau, Christiane Rondeau, Diane Gingras, Danie Muruve, Alain Rivard, Héloise Cardinal, Claude Perreault, Michel Desjardins, Éric Boilard, Pierre Thibault, Marie-Josée Hébert
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2015)

Exosome-like vesicles containing an active 20 S proteasome core contribute to autoimmunity and vascular allograft inflammation.
Patients with relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukaemia may benefit from inclusion in clinical trials irrespective of the therapy received: a case-control retrospective analsysis
Authors: D Esteban, N Tovar, R Jiménez, R Santacruz, T Baumann, MaC Pastor, A de la Riva, E Carrera, S Chaves, C Royo, A Navarro, S Rodríguez, C Ayuso, G Riu, N Creus, B Gómez, E Giné, A López-Guillermo, J Delgado
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2015)

Patients with relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukaemia may benefit from inclusion in clinical trials irrespective of the therapy received: a case-control retrospective analsysis
The expression and function of toll-like receptors (TLRs) in ovarian cancer cell lines
Authors: Shin-Wha Lee, In-Kyung Lee, Sumin Kim, Sang-Eun Lee, Ha-Young Lee, Dong-Woo Kang, Yong-Man Kim
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2015)

Meeting abstracts This study is to investigate which Toll Like Receptors (TLRs) are expressed on human ovarian cancer cell lines and to evaluate the effect of TLR expression on the growth of ovarian cancer cells. Four human ovarian epithelial carcinoma cell lines SKOV3 (clear), OVCAR3 (serous
The Temporal Risk of Heart Failure Associated With Adjuvant Trastuzumab in Breast Cancer Patients: A Population Study
Authors: Hart A Goldhar, Andrew T Yan, Dennis T Ko, Craig C Earle, George A Tomlinson, Maureen E Trudeau, Murray D Krahn, Monika K Krzyzanowska, Raveen S Pal, Christine Brezden-Masley, Scott Gavura, Kelly Lien, Kelvin K W Chan
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2015)

The late cardiac effect of adjuvant trastuzumab and its potential interaction with anthracycline have not been well-studied on a population level. In this retrospective population-based cohort study, female breast cancer patients in Ontario, diagnosed between 2003 and 2009, were identified by the Ontario Cancer Registry and linked to administrative databases to ascertain demographics, cardiac risk factors, comorbidities, and use of adjuvant trastuzumab and other chemotherapy. Patients with pre-existing heart failure (HF) were excluded. The main endpoint was new diagnosis of HF. Analyses included Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival analysis, multivariable piecewise Cox regression, and competing risk and propensity score analyses. All statistical tests were two-sided. Nineteen thousand seventy-four women with breast cancer treated with adjuvant chemotherapy were identified, of whom 3371 (17.7%) also received adjuvant trastuzumab. Anthracycline use was 84.9% overall. After a median follow-up of 5.9 years, patients treated with trastuzumab and chemotherapy were more likely to develop HF than patients on chemotherapy alone (5-year cumulative incidences of 5.2% vs 2.5%; log-rank P < .001). After adjusting for confounders, adjuvant trastuzumab remained independently associated with incident HF in the first 1.5 years (HR = 5.77, 95% CI = 4.38 to 7.62, P < .001), but not thereafter (HR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.57 to 1.33, P = .53). Anthracycline use did not increase the risk of HF with trastuzumab synergistically, neither within (Pinteraction = .92) nor beyond 1.5 years (Pinteraction = .23). Adjuvant trastuzumab was associated with increased risk of new incidence of HF in breast cancer survivors during the period of adjuvant treatment but not thereafter. Routine intensive monitoring may not be necessary after completing adjuvant therapy.
Does Prostate Size Predict the Development of Incident Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Men with Mild to No Current Symptoms? Results from the REDUCE Trial
Authors: Ross M. Simon, Lauren E. Howard, Daniel M. Moreira, Claus Roehrborn, Adriana C. Vidal, Ramiro Castro-Santamaria, Stephen J. Freedland
Journal: European Urology (2015)
P0649 : Characterization of HBsAg loss in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) treated with nucleos/tide analogs (NUCs): A retrospective multicenter study (HEBESAS)
Authors: E. Suárez, M.A. Simón, M. Buti, M. Prieto, J.M. Pascasio, M. Rodríguez, T. Casanovas, J. Crespo, J. Arenas, R. Gómez, B. Figueruela, M. Diago, R. Morillas, J.M. Zozaya, J.L Calleja, M. Casado, E. Molina, J. Fuentes
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
Wound complications in the multimodality treatment of extremity and superficial truncal sarcomas.
Authors: J M Arbeit, B S Hilaris, M F Brennan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1987)

The incidence and severity of wound complications were examined in 105 patients with extremity and superficial truncal sarcomas who were eligible for wide local excision with or without adjuvant perioperative brachytherapy (BRT) and/or chemotherapy. Fifty-four cases from the eligible group were entered into a randomized prospective trial of the efficacy of BRT in decreasing local recurrence. In the eligible patients, major wound complications occurred in nine of 41 (22%) of the BRT cases, compared with two of 64 (3%) of the non-BRT patients, which was a significant increase (P = .002). The combined frequency of major and moderate wound complications was also significantly increased in the BRT (18 of 41, 44%) compared with the non-BRT (nine of 64, 14%) patients (P = .0006). The median duration to complete resolution of these complications was 189 days (14 to 597) in the BRT, compared with 49 (11 to 170) days in the non-BRT group (P = .0005); however, no amputations were required, and only 14% of the BRT-associated wound complications were of prolonged duration, ie, greater than 200 days. In the randomized study, both the total number of complications, and the combination of major and moderate complications were increased significantly in the BRT v the non-BRT patients. Adjuvant Adriamycin (Adria Laboratories, Columbus, OH) administered in 60 mg/m2 increments to a cumulative dose of 540 mg/m2 did not appear to impair wound healing even when administered within 15 days of operation. Significant wound complications occur in major resections of extremity and superficial truncal sarcomas. If the addition of adjuvant BRT produces a decrease in local recurrence, then either patient selection will have to be more rigidly applied, especially in wounds where skin flap blood supply is tenuous, or the technique will need to be modified to balance the short-term aim of reducing wound complications with the long-term goal of local tumor control.
The determination of an immunologically active dose of interferon-gamma in patients with melanoma.
Authors: A E Maluish, W J Urba, D L Longo, W R Overton, D Coggin, E R Crisp, R Williams, S A Sherwin, K Gordon, R G Steis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1988)

This study was undertaken to determine an immunologically active regimen for the administration of recombinant gamma-interferon (rIFN-gamma). The patient population included patients with completely resected melanoma, stage I (Clark's level IV or V) or stage II. All patients exhibited no evidence of disease (NED) at the time of the study. Patients received rIFN-gamma by intramuscular (IM) injection daily for 15 days at 0.0001 mg/m2, 0.001 mg/m2, 0.01 mg/m2, 0.1 mg/m2 (ten patients/group), or 0.25 mg/m2 (five patients). Interferon (IFN) was well tolerated, with non-dose-limiting constitutional symptoms occurring in the majority of patients at 0.1 mg/m2 and 0.25 mg/m2. All five patients receiving 0.25 mg/m2 developed elevated transaminase levels, which led to a discontinuation of therapy in one patient. Immunological activity was assessed by serial measurements of natural killer (NK) cell activity, hydrogen peroxide production by monocytes, and changes in expression of Fc receptors and human leukocyte class II antigen (HLA-DR) on monocytes. These changes were determined at baseline (X2), six to seven time points during rIFN-gamma therapy, and two times after the last dose of rIFN-gamma. No changes were observed at the two lowest doses. At the 0.01 mg/m2 dose, all parameters were elevated but not as consistently nor to the same levels as seen following administration of 0.1 mg/m2. At 0.25 mg/m2, H2O2 production was enhanced, but unlike at 0.1 mg/m2, it declined during the last few days of IFN therapy. Subcutaneous (SC) administration was compared with IM administration using the 0.1 mg/m2 dose. SC administration resulted in enhanced H2O2 production and Fc receptor expression by monocytes. More consistent elevations in peroxide generation and higher levels of Fc receptor expression were seen following SC administration. No significant difference was found between the two routes of administration. A comparison of two schedules, daily and three times weekly, suggested that monocyte activation may return to normal 72 hours after IFN administration. Of the doses tested, 0.1 mg/m2 administered daily appeared to be the most effective biological response modifier (BRM) regimen, and because of ease of administration, we favor the SC route.
Editorial
Authors: K T Weber
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1998)

Charles Conrad and his son, Theodore, were seated in central vesicle which acquired turbid and later pustular their two-toned green 1953 Pontiac, inching through traffic features -primarily involved the trunk, arms and legs, and on Broad Street as they made their way to a Phillies game.only slightly the face.Feet and hands were spared.It was The 1957 rendition of Philadelphia's baseball club featured suggestive of chicken pox, scabies, or possibly smallpox.star center fielder Richie Ashburn, who regularly stroked There was severe, intolerable itching involving the entire singles and doubles while tearing up the base paths and body; some had fever, malaise and anorexia.blanketing the outfield.Gassaway had notified the local Bureau of Health.Dr. ''Like today, it was a bright, sunny day in June, some 48 Jay F. Schamberg (JS), a noted Philadelphia-based dermayears ago,'' said Charles as he braked the car at yet another tologist and consultant to the Bureau, was called upon to stoplight.''Grandfather George was having breakfast here see the patients.He quickly discerned that this illness was in Philadelphia at the Bellevue-Stratford Hotel on Satur-one he first described and reported in 1901, but which was day, June 5.This grand hotel, which had opened on of uncertain etiology.Accordingly, there was no means of September 4, 1904, has since become a Philadelphia controlling its dissemination.Since 1901, JS had seen landmark.After breakfast, grandfather planned to travel to many new cases, always between May and October.Atlantic City, New Jersey, to attend the 60th Annual Similar outbreaks had been reported in Bordeaux, Cologne Session of the American Medical Association.Morning and Budapest.U.S. Surgeon General Wyman was notified.sunshine splashed the pages of yesterday's Evening Bul-He asked Dr
Colon cancer epidemiology in United Arab Emirates
Authors: A. M. Maarraoui, A. Uttamchandani, H. Abdulatif, N. M. Attia, Q. U. Gausia, M. H. Rubina, N. Daud
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

14597 Background: Mafraq Hospital is the largest tertiary hospital in United Arab Emirates (UAE). The exact charecterstics of colon cancer in this country are not yet documented. Methods: This is a retrospective study of colo-rectal cancer. Files of all patients with the diagnosis of colo-rectal cancer between 1/99 and 12/05 at the department of Oncology at Mafraq Hospital were reviewed. Intent to treat analysis was used. Total of 176 patients were seen. The youngest was age 18 and the oldest was 79 Results: Mean age of patients at initial presentation was 48.5. Gender was as follows: males 121 patients (68.7%) and females 55 patients (31.3%). Mean male age at initial presentation was 49.5, and mean female age was 46.4. UAE Citizens represented 34 patients (19.3%) of cohort and non-citizens 137 patients (80.7%). Cancer stages were as follows: stage I: 7 patients (4.7%), stage II: 41 patients (27.5%), stage III: 48 patients (32.2%), stage IV: 53 patients (35.6%). 27 patient elected to do staging work-up and further care elsewhere. Conclusions: 1- Colon cancer screening is needed in order to diagnose cancer at earlier stages. 2- As our patients are younger than patients in the West. Colon cancer screening should be done at an earlier age. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Dose-ranging evaluation of the serotonin antagonist GR-C507/75 (GR38032F) when used as an antiemetic in patients receiving anticancer chemotherapy.
Authors: M G Kris, R J Gralla, R A Clark, L B Tyson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1988)

GR-C507/75 (GR38032F) antagonizes the 5-HT3 (serotonin) receptor and prevents cisplatin-induced emesis in animals. In this dose-ranging trial, 44 patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy known to produce nausea and vomiting (including cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, and doxorubicin) received three intravenous (IV) infusions of GR-C507/75 every two hours beginning 30 minutes before chemotherapy. Ten dosage levels were explored, ranging from 0.04 mg/kg to 0.35 mg/kg in each of the three infusions. Toxicities were mild and included sedation, dizziness, headache, transient elevations of SGOT or alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and dry mouth. No akathisia or acute dystonic reactions were observed. Antiemetic effects were seen in patients receiving cisplatin at 120 mg/m2. GR-C507/75 can be safely administered on this schedule at IV dosages up to 0.35 mg/kg in patients receiving chemotherapy. Further studies of this agent at higher dosages and by different schedules are appropriate.
Updated efficacy and toxicity of treatment with the anti-CTLA-4 antibody ipilimumab in metastatic melanoma patients previously treated with anti-PD-1 therapy
Authors: Prashanth Prithviraj, Grant McArthur, Victoria Atkinson, Phillip Parente, Miles Andrews, Sagun Parakh, Michael Millward, Jonathan Cebon, Oliver Klein
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2015)

Meeting abstracts Immunotherapy with anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 antibodies has demonstrated overall survival benefits in patients (pts) with metastatic melanoma (MM) compared to previous standard therapy. Two randomised clinical trials indicate that combined anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 antibody
Hemangiogenic response after pre-operative COX2 inhibition predicts recurrence in esophageal cancer
Authors: D. Jin, J. L. Port, P. Lee, L. Zhang, C. A. Ferrara, K. A. McDonald, D. Meherally, S. Rafii, N. K. Altorki
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

15077 Background: Growth of esophageal cancer involves a proliferative hemangiogenic component. Biomarkers that predict this propensity in esophageal cancer and the impact of anti-angiogenic strategy on their levels as well as clinical response remain unknown. Methods: A multimodular approach was devised to assess hemangiogenic parameters in a cohort of chemotherapy naïve patients with locally advanced (T2-T3N0, T1-T3N1M0M1a) esophageal cancer pre- and 4 days post-celecoxib neoadjuvant treatment. Patients went on to receive neoadjuvant therapy with celecoxib, paclitaxel and carboplatin for 3 cycles, followed by surgical resection. This bioassay panel consists of 5 components: i) HUVEC-based angiogenic scale for functional plasma angiogenic activity, ii) flow cytometry to quantify CD133+VEGFR2+ circulating endothelial progenitors (CEPs), iii) hematopoietic colony-forming assay to quantify circulating hematopoietic progenitors (CHPs), iv) plasma SDF-1 level, and v) platelet VEGF-A level. Results: The cohort consists of 8 consecutive patients (6 men, 2 women) with median age of 58. After 18 months of followup, 6 patients remained alive and without evidence of recurrence, while 2 had tumor recurrence and metastasis. Analysis of the positive responders (pre-celecoxib baseline versus 4 days post treatment) revealed a global suppression of hemangiogenic parameters with reduction of the functional HUVEC-based angiogenic scale (mean score of 3.3 versus 1.8; p&lt;0.05), 2.2-fold decrease in CEPs (p&lt;0.05), and 3-fold decrease in CHPs (p&lt;0.05). This trend also correlated with decreased plasma SDF-1 and platelet VEGF-A levels . However, in the 2 cases of tumor recurrence, the initial hemangiogenic response was blunted with no significant difference in all parameters tested during the celecoxib monotherapy period. Conclusion: Esophageal cancer development involved a hemangiogenic switch toward increased CEPs, CHPs, and functional plasma pro-angiogenic activity. COX2 inhibition with celecoxib normalized the hemangiogenic profile. Collective assessment of hemangiogenic biomarkers during neoadjuvant setting may be a promising tool in predicting clinical outcomes, recurrence, and for validating impact of anti-angiogenic therapy on esophageal cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
TCR-induced sumoylation of the kinase PKC-θ controls T cell synapse organization and T cell activation
Authors: Xu-Dong Wang, Yu Gong, Zhi-Long Chen, Bei-Ni Gong, Ji-Ji Xie, Chuan-Qi Zhong, Qi-Long Wang, Liang-Hui Diao, Anlong Xu, Jiahuai Han, Amnon Altman, Yingqiu Li
Journal: Nature Immunology (2015)
Results of treatment of the metastatic pleural effusion
Authors: Goran Kondov, Zoran Spirpovski, Risto Colanceski, Sasko Jovev, Biserka Caeva, Borislav Kondov
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Metastatic pleural effusion is big health, social and personal problem. Prognosis of patients is 1 to 60 months which is according underling disease, stage of the disease, treatment response, characteristics of the patients and their reserve.

We analyze 60 patients with confirmed malignant pleural effusion: 28 patients with breast cancer, 14 with lung cancer, 8 with mesotelioma, 5 with gastric carcinoma, and 5 with other malignant lesions. Mean age were 56 years.

At this 60 patients we have done 194 procedures.

We analyze effects of thoracocentesis only (60), placing pleurocat (37), placing of thoracic drain (54), VATS with talk pudrage(13) and thoracic drain and thoracic drainage with slurry talk pleurodesis (14).

Recurrence of pleural effusion, febrile condition, appearing of the empyema, problems with heart, dispnea, life treating conditions were followed at all patients.

Results: Recurrence of pleural effusion were detected at 71,2%, where the best results were with use of VATS with talk pudrage (53,8%), than is thoracic drainage with slurry talk pleurodesis with success rate of 50%. With only placing of drain success rate was 29,6% or with pleurocat placing 27%. With thoracocentesis only, no one has had success.

Unwanted conditions were detected the most frequently at thoracic drainage with slurry talk pleurodesis where were detected 14,3% heart problems, 35,7% dispnea and respiratory symptoms, 35,7% febrile conditions with septic conditions.

Conclusion: VATS with talk pudrage give the best results with control of the malignant pleural effusion, but need hospitalization and general anesthesia procedure, procedure which was not recommended for many patients which is in bad general conditions.
Use of Descriptive Terms in Medical Records
Authors: Roger Hesselbrock
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2015)

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