tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AB1276 Comparative assessment of swollen joints in rheumatoid arthritis by patients, physicians and ultrasonography:
Authors: K. Mamoto, T. Koike, T. Okano, M. Tada, Y. Sugioka, S. Wakitani, H. Nakamura
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Objectives</h3> The evaluation of inflammation is the foundation of therapy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the assessment of synovial volume using ultrasound (US) is important for quantifying joint swelling. However, whether or not physicians can accurately evaluate swollen joints is uncertain. This study aimed to determine the reliability of assessments of swollen joints (SJ) by patients, physicians and US. <h3>Methods</h3> One hundred and twenty-four patients with RA self-assessed swelling at 26 sites/22 joints (wrist, three sites; metacarpophalangeal (MP), proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints in both sides). These joints were then assessed by the attending physician and the US examiner. Synovial hypertrophy was scored semiquantitatively using Gray scale (GS; scores 0 - 3) and Power Doppler (PD; scores, 0 - 3) signals. Swollen joints were defined as a GS score of ≥2. <h3>Results</h3> Disease activity score (DAS) 28 closely correlated with total GS score (R=0.486, p&lt;0.001). Among all joints 11.6% were assessed as swollen by US and 81.6% of these scored positive in PD. The sensitivity for SJ assessment by the attending doctor, the US examiner and the patients were 47.1%, 50.9% and 33.5%, respectively (Table 1). All evaluators assessed swelling less effectively in the MP, than in other joints (Table 1). The sensitivity for assessing joints with both GS ≥2 and PD ≥1 by the attending physician and the US examiner was 52.3% and 57.4%, respectively (Table 1). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Ultrasound can assess swollen joints in patients with RA more sensitively than patients or attending physicians. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> K. Mamoto: None Declared, T. Koike Grant/Research support from: Takeda Pharmaceutical,Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Eisai, Abbott Japan, Teijin Pharma, Banyu Pharmaceutical and Ono Pharmaceutical, T. Okano: None Declared, M. Tada: None Declared, Y. Sugioka: None Declared, S. Wakitani: None Declared, H. Nakamura Grant/Research support from: Chugai Pharmaceutical, Astellas Pharma Inc.,Janssen Pharmaceutica, GlaxoSmithKline, Pfizer Inc. and Daiichi Sankyo, INC., Speakers Bureau: Ono Pharmaceutical
ASSESSMENT OF LEFT VENTRICULAR GLOBAL SYSTOLIC FUNCTION BY TISSUE MITRAL ANNULAR DISPLACEMENT: COMPARISON WITH GLOBAL LONGITUDINAL STRAIN
Authors: Katsuomi Iwakura, Atsunori Okamura, Yasushi Koyama, Koichi Inoue, Hiroyuki Nagai, Yuko Toyoshima, Koji Tanaka, Takafumi Oka, Mutsumi Iwamoto, Kenshi Fujii
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Screening for Colorectal Cancer by Nurse Endoscopists
Authors: William Forrest Maule
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Case-control studies have demonstrated that screening by sigmoidoscopy is effective in reducing mortality from colorectal cancer. If nurses performed screening examinations, more patients could be screened and, at current income levels, at a lower cost.Two registered nurses and two licensed practical nurses learned to perform examinations with the flexible fiberoptic sigmoidoscope in order to screen patients for colorectal tumors. They performed 1881 independent examinations of outpatients more than 45 years of age. During the same period, 730 examinations were performed by two gastroenterologists in similar patients.The mean depth of insertion of the sigmoidoscope was slightly but significantly greater in the patients examined by the physicians than in those examined by the nurses (48 vs. 46 cm in men, P = 0.003; 41 vs. 38 cm in women, P = 0.002). Adenomas were found in 14 percent of the men and 8 percent of the women examined (P = 0.001). Nine cancers were found in men and four in women. There were no significant differences between the nurses and the physicians in the proportion of examinations that were positive for adenomas or cancer. No complications occurred during the initial examinations or during 894 follow-up sigmoidoscopic procedures. Among the patients whose initial examination results were normal, more of those examined by nurses returned for follow-up sigmoidoscopy after 12 months or more (45 percent, vs. 30 percent of those examined by physicians; P = 0.001).Nurses can carry out screening by flexible sigmoidoscopy as accurately and safely as experienced gastroenterologists.
Bone Scan Findings in Acronecrosis from Cryoglobulinemia
Authors: NATASCHA WALGRAEVE, ANJA VAN DEN EECKHAUT, FRANK DE GEETER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2003)

WALGRAEVE, NATASCHA M.D.; VAN DEN EECKHAUT, ANJA M.D.; DE GEETER, FRANK M.D., PH.D. Author Information
P10 * CORRELATION BETWEEN BIOLOGICALLY EFFECTIVE DOSE (BED) AND LOCAL CONTROL OF BRAIN METASTASES POST STEREOTACTIC RADIOTHERAPY
Authors: H. Benghiat, P. Sanghera, M. Cook, P. Nightingale, A. Hartley
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

INTRODUCTION: There is increasing interest in fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) for brain metastases however the optimum model to compare regimens is not known. An overestimation of the biological effect of high dose per fraction radiotherapy by the linear quadratic (LQ) model has been demonstrated in in-vitro and in-vivo experiments. Several alternative models also exist. The purpose of this study was to determine if BED calculated with the linear quadratic cubic (LQC) equation resulted in a stronger correlation with 12 month local control following SRT (single or fractionated) than BED calculated with the LQ equation. METHOD: Series of SRT for brain metastasis were identified from a recent meta-analysis. BED for LQ was calculated using variable values of α/β (6,9,12,15 Gy). BED for LQC was calculated using variable values of α/β (6,9,12,15 Gy) and variable values for D1 (6,12,18,24 Gy). Correlation with 1 year local control was calculated using Pearson correlation statistic. RESULTS: No significant correlation with 1 year local control was seen when BED was calculated using the LQC equation and a D1 value of 12 Gy or less. Significant correlations were observed for all values of α/β tested for the LQ equation and values of D1 of 18 and 24 Gy for the LQC. The most significant correlations were seen with the LQ equation for α/β = 12 (p = 0.005) and with the LQC equation for α/β = 6, D1 = 24 (p = 0.009). CONCLUSION: There was no apparent advantage for the use of the LQC over the LQ equation within the data set examined and with the values for α/β and D1 employed. The LQ equation with with α/β = 12 seems the most appropriate model to use when assessing histologically heterogenous series of brain metastases treated with SRT.
1411 SOFOSBUVIR + PEGINTERFERON + RIBAVIRIN FOR 12 WEEKS ACHIEVES 90% SVR12 IN GENOTYPE 1, 4, 5, OR 6 HCV INFECTED PATIENTS: THE NEUTRINO STUDY
Authors: E. Lawitz, D. Wyles, M. Davis, M. Rodriguez-Torres, K.R. Reddy, K.V. Kowdley, E. Svarovskaia, D. Jiang, J. McNally, D.M. Brainard, W.T. Symonds, J.G. McHutchison, L. Nyberg, Z. Younossi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
They Floked to ASCO
Authors: F. X. Mahaney
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Journal Article They Floked to ASCO Get access Francis X. Mahaney, Jr. Francis X. Mahaney, Jr. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 83, Issue 12, 19 June 1991, Page 822, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.12.822 Published: 19 June 1991
Abstract 535A: The tyrosine kinase Src co-operates with the ERM family member ezrin to promote Met activation and ECM degradation in a breast epithelial cell model
Authors: Victoria Hoskin, Shawna Organ, Emilia Furmaniak-Kazmierczak, Jenna Pilon, Jalna Meens, Graham Cote, Bruce Elliott
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Over-expression and aberrant activation of the Met proto-oncogene frequently occurs in invasive breast cancer, and is linked with poor patient prognosis. We and others have shown that the tyrosine kinase Src mediates cell-adhesion dependent activation of Met in the absence of ligand (JCB 107:1168-81, 2009). We have also shown that Src acts co-operatively with the membrane cytoskeletal crosslinker ezrin to disrupt cell-cell contacts, and to increase cell spreading and scattering, all characteristics of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) (JCB 92:16-28, 2004). We therefore examined the role of Src and ezrin in Met activation and invasion of breast epithelial cells. As a model, we used the HC11 breast epithelial cell line expressing various combinations of activated Src and ezrin mutants, as well as a dominant negative ezrin mutant. In contrast to activated Src, which promotes the phosphorylation and hence activation of Met and cell spreading, activated ezrin alone induces the formation of numerous filopodia-like structures, but not Met phosphorylation or cell spreading. Co-activation of Src and ezrin produces a combination of both cell spreading and filopodia-like structures, and strongly increases Met phosphorylation over levels resulting from activated Src alone. Interestingly, Src/ezrin co-operativity dramatically increases tyrosine-phosphorylation of cortactin and MMP2 expression, resulting in the formation of invadopodia and extracellular matrix degradation, a hallmark feature of invading cancer cells. However expression of a dominant negative ezrin domain (aa1-309) abolishes Src and ezrin-induced morphological phenotypes, as well as Src-dependent Met phosphorylation and invadopodia formation, suggesting an important requirement for ezrin in these processes. These findings implicate the Src/ezrin axis in regulating adhesion-dependent Met activation and invadopodia formation, and may provide important clues toward treatment strategies for invasive breast tumors which exploit this signaling pathway (Supported by CBCRA and CIHR). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 535A.
Importance of SPECT/CT Images in a Case to Differentiate a Chest Wall Soft Tissue Infection From Pneumonia on 111In-Tagged WBC Scintigraphy
Authors: Nicholas Bhojwani, Jason Hartman, Lina Mehta
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

A 52-year-old man presented to the emergency department with a 3-day history of fevers and left flank pain radiating to the chest and neck. Total WBC count was 20,000/uL. Abdominal CT demonstrated small bibasilar pleural effusions. Because of persistent leukocytosis, an 111In WBC scintigram was ordered 5 days after admission, which demonstrated thoracic WBC accumulation on the planar images that localized to the left posterior chest wall on SPECT/CT. SPECT/CT may differentiate intrathoracic versus extrathoracic disease.
Immunoglobulin Synthesis in Vitro by Splenic Tissue in Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: Robert McMillan, Robert L. Longmire, Robert Yelenosky, Richard S. Smith, Charles G. Craddock
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

Abstract Experimental and clinical observations suggest that platelet destruction in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is due to the production of an antibody against autologous platelets. The origin of antibody synthesis is unknown although the spleen has been considered one likely possibility. When we determined immunoglobulin (Ig) synthesis in vitro by human splenic tissue, mean Ig production by spleens from patients with ITP was five times greater than that of unstimulated control tissue, but was similar to the degree of Ig synthesis by control tissue after in vitro antigenic stimulation. Immunoglobulins produced by one ITP spleen showed binding to autologous and homologous platelets. These data suggest that the spleen in ITP is involved in a humoral response to some antigen. Whether this increased Ig production is directed toward platelet-associated antigens cannot be definitely stated although preliminary findings are suggestive.
Reply to Yamashita et al.
Authors: Cesare Hassan, Angelo Zullo, Allesandro Repici
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

We read with great interest the letter from Yamashita et al. reporting a statistically significant association between antithrombotic therapy and the risk of biopsy bleeding after cold biopsy in the stomach [1]. This finding is in line with recent experience from our group after cold polypectomy for subcentimetric colorectal polyps, where bleeding risk was higher in patients on antiplatelet therapy (6.2 % vs. 1.4 %; P < 0.001) [2]. The main difference, however, is that in our lower gastrointestinal experience all the post cold polypectomy bleedings were mild and immediate, and therefore successfully treated with hemostatic clips, while in the series of Yamashita et al. both of the bleeding episodes were severe and delayed, incurring additional costs because of hospitalization and the need for repeat endoscopy [1].
P20 Impact of patients' perception of problem driving, symptoms and severity of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) on outcomes on an advanced office based driving simulator
Authors: D. Ghosh, S. L. Jamson, P. D. Baxter, M. W. Elliott
Journal: Thorax (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Currently advice about an OSAS patient9s fitness to drive is based upon the severity of the condition, with or without objective measure of daytime sleepiness and their account of their driving. Although there is a trend towards increased likelihood of accidents with more severe OSAS, this is not sufficiently robust data. There are conflicting data about the relationship between perceived sleepiness and the likelihood of being involved in an accident. Recently we have established that it is possible to identify with high degree of certainty a group of OSAS sufferers who perform significantly worse than others using specific simulator parameters on an advanced office based driving simulator (miniSim). We now explore the impact of patients9 perception of problem driving, demographic, clinical, and polysomnographic characteristics on the outcomes of the simulator test. <h3>Methods</h3> 133 (52±10 yrs, ESS 12±5, AHI 29±21) patients completed a detailed driving related questionnaire and performed a 90 km motorway driving scenario on the miniSim. Two events were programmed to trigger evasive actions, one subtle (Veer event) where an alert driver should not crash, while with the other (Brake event) even a fully alert driver might crash. There were three possible outcomes of the simulator runs; “fail”, “indeterminate” and “pass”. The questionnaire responses, demographic, clinical and polysomnographic characteristics were compared between the three outcome categories using one way ANOVA. Logistic regression was performed to explore whether a “fail” could be predicted from any of these data. <h3>Results</h3> The results of one way ANOVA are described in Abstract P20 table 1. Patients who fail the simulator test tend to report more sleepiness while driving with a higher ESS &amp; ODI. They also have more, but statistically insignificant, near misses and history of accidents. None of this information could predict a “fail” accurately in the logistic regression analysis. <h3>Conclusions</h3> These data confirm that patients9 accounts and perception of their own driving and the severity of their OSAS may not be reliable predictors of safe driving. Whether poor performance on an advanced driving simulator is predictive of poor on road performance needs to be established.
Risk of Bias in Systematic Reviews of Non-Randomized Studies of Adverse Cardiovascular Effects of Thiazolidinediones and Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors: Application of a New Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool
Authors: Anja Bilandzic, Tiffany Fitzpatrick, Laura Rosella, David Henry
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2016)

Background Systematic reviews of the effects of healthcare interventions frequently include non-randomized studies. These are subject to confounding and a range of other biases that are seldom considered in detail when synthesizing and interpreting the results. Our aims were to assess the reliability and usability of a new Cochrane risk of bias (RoB) tool for non-randomized studies of interventions and to determine whether restricting analysis to studies with low or moderate RoB made a material difference to the results of the reviews. Methods and Findings We selected two systematic reviews of population-based, controlled non-randomized studies of the relationship between the use of thiazolidinediones (TZDs) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors and major cardiovascular events. Two epidemiologists applied the Cochrane RoB tool and made assessments across the seven specified domains of bias for each of 37 component studies. Inter-rater agreement was measured using the weighted Kappa statistic. We grouped studies according to overall RoB and performed statistical pooling for (a) all studies and (b) only studies with low or moderate RoB. Kappa scores across the seven bias domains ranged from 0.50 to 1.0. In the COX-2 inhibitor review, two studies had low overall RoB, 14 had moderate RoB, and five had serious RoB. In the TZD review, six studies had low RoB, four had moderate RoB, four had serious RoB, and two had critical RoB. The pooled odds ratios for myocardial infarction, heart failure, and death for rosiglitazone versus pioglitazone remained significantly elevated when analyses were confined to studies with low or moderate RoB. However, the estimate for myocardial infarction declined from 1.14 (95% CI 1.07–1.24) to 1.06 (95% CI 0.99–1.13) when analysis was confined to studies with low RoB. Estimates of pooled relative risks of cardiovascular events with COX-2 inhibitors compared with no nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug changed little when analyses were confined to studies with low or moderate RoB. The exception was a rise in the relative risk associated with ibuprofen from 1.07 (95% CI 0.97–1.18) to 1.14 (95% CI 1.03–1.26). The main limitation of our study was testing the instrument on a narrow range of pharmacoepidemiological studies; we cannot assume our findings extend to a broader range of interventions and settings. Conclusions The Cochrane RoB tool highlighted a wide range of risks of bias in studies included in two widely cited reviews and had the potential to change the conclusions of the reviews. Systematic reviews that incorporate non-randomized studies of medical interventions should include a detailed assessment of RoB for each included study.
Abstract 3327: Role of microRNA221 in breast cancer stem cell expansion and induction of EMT
Authors: Jia Ke, Fayaz A. Malik, Sean McDermott, Rachel Martin, Li Shang, Hasan Korkaya, Shawn Clouthier, Christophe Ginestier, Ingrid Ibarra, Gregory J. Hannon, Zhifen Wu, Max S. Wicha, Suling Liu
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Breast cancer can be grouped by expression profiling into categories that differ in biological and clinical characteristics. Molecular characterization of these subtypes on the basis of stem cell markers has shown that basal and claudin-low tumor bear stem cell like characteristics with a higher population of CD44+/CD24- and CD49f+/EpCAM- cells, which also display characteristics of epithelial mesenchymal tumor transition (EMT). There are several genetic and epigenetic signaling pathways that regulate the stem cell like characteristics of these subtypes. We examined the role of microRNA221 (mir-221) in sub populations of normal breast cells isolated from reduction mammoplasties as well as in cancer cell lines from different molecular subtypes of breast cancer. We found that mir-221 drives cells towards more basal subtype and induces EMT in both normal mammary cells and breast cancer cell lines. On the basis of CD49f and ESA staining in the cells isolated from normal mammary tissue, we found high mir-221 expression in the CD49f+/EpCAM- population. Furthermore, we showed that ALDH+ cells from mammospheres expressed significantly higher mir-221 compared to ALDH- cells. In order to determine the effect of mir-221 on the stem cell population, we overexpressed mir-221 in cells from primary mammospheres and showed that overexpression of mir-221 increases the CD49f+/EpCAM- population with increased expression of mesenchymal biomarkers, an effect also seen in a non-transformed breast cell line MCF10A. Overexpression of mir-221 in luminal breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and T47D cell lines increased the proportion of CD44+/CD24- cells. Furthermore, overexpression of mir-221 significantly stimulated the tumor growth of MCF7 xenographs in NOD/SCID mice. These studies suggest that mir-221 regulates breast CSCs by promoting EMT. This may play an important role in tumor behavior and treatment resistance. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3327. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3327
A Fetal Antigen Associated with Human Neoplasia
Authors: Eugene M. Edynak, Lloyd J. Old, Mark Vrana, Michael P. Lardis
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

The serum of eight of 1518 patients with cancer contained precipitating antibody defining a new antigen associated with human neoplasia. The antigen has been named γ-fetoprotein (γFP) because of its electrophoretic mobility and its occurrence in the serum and some tissues of the normal fetus. γFP antigen was present in 75 per cent (169 of 225) of a wide variety of benign and malignant human tumors, the serum of 11 per cent (23 of 210) of patients with cancer and two of 101 specimens of non-neoplastic diseased tissue (inflammatory intestinal lesions from two elderly patients). It was not present in any normal human tissue or in adult human serum. Fetal serum of four of six other mammalian species were γFP positive, but curiously enough, no tumors of the animals were γFP positive. The γFP system is serologically distinct from other known immunoprecipitin systems, including the α1-fetoprotein system of hepatomas and the carcinoembryonic antigen of human intestinal carcinoma.
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Delivery System Modulates Ischemic Cardiac Remodeling With an Increase of Coronary Artery Blood Flow
Authors: Young Sook Lee, Wan Seok Joo, Hyun Soo Kim, Sung Wan Kim
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2016)

Ways for extending the longevity of stem cells are imperative to attain diverse expected therapeutic effects. Here, we constructed a three-dimentional (3D) scaffold system for human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) delivery. Intramyocardial injections of porous PEI1.8k blended with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) (PLGA/PEI1.8k) (PPP) microparticles by physical electrostatic conjugation and structural entrapment of hMSCs demonstrated enhanced functional and geometric improvements on post-infarct cardiac remodeling in rats. In the hMSC-loaded PPP delivery, increases of coronary artery blood flow rate and in vivo engraftment rate as well as time-dependent functional, geometric, and pathologic findings reversing post-infarct cardiac remodeling account for improved left ventricular (LV) systolic function up to the level of sham thoracotomy group. This study expands our understanding by proving that increase of coronary artery blood flow augmented functional recovery of hMSC-loaded PPP delivery system after myocardial infarction (MI).
MECHANISMS AND PATTERNS OF IN-STENT RESTENOSIS AMONG BARE-METAL AND 1ST AND 2ND GENERATION DRUG-ELUTING STENTS: AN OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY STUDY
Authors: Lei Song, Gary Mintz, Myong Hwa Yamamoto, Chee Yang Chin, Mitsuaki Matsumura, Ajay Kirtane, Manish Parikh, Jeffrey Moses, Ziad Ali, Richard Shlofmitz, Akiko Maehara
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)