tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
C-reactive protein, obesity, atopy and asthma symptoms in middle-aged adults
Authors: B. K. Butland, D. P. Strachan, A. R. Rudnicka
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2008)

Recent research has suggested an association between circulating C-reactive protein (CRP) and adult asthma, confined to those without evidence of allergic predisposition. The current authors investigated the role of smoking and obesity as possible explanations for this relationship. At 44–45 yrs of age, members of the British 1958 birth cohort participated in a biomedical survey involving the measurement of the following: CRP; the specific immunoglobulin E to grass, cat and dust mite; standing height; and weight. Information on asthma and related symptoms was collected by computer-aided interview when the subjects were 42 yrs of age. Complete data were available for a total of 6,490 subjects. CRP levels were positively correlated with the body mass index (BMI) and were found to be higher among females when compared with males, and higher among heavy smokers (≥20 cigarettes·day −1 ) when compared with never-smokers. After adjustment for sex and region, the odds ratios, comparing asthma prevalence in subjects above the fourth CRP quartile with subjects below the first quartile, were 1.85 (95% confidence interval 1.15–2.99) for nonatopics and 0.94 (0.62–1.41) for atopics, changing to 1.36 (0.80–2.32) and 1.07 (0.67–1.69), respectively, when additionally adjusted for smoking and BMI. Any association between C-reactive protein and asthma prevalence confined to nonatopics may be due to confounding factors. Alternatively, it may reflect a more general association of C-reactive protein with smoking-related obstructive airways disease.
Tyrosine phosphatase MEG2 modulates murine development and platelet and lymphocyte activation through secretory vesicle function
Authors: Yingchun Wang, Eric Vachon, Jinyi Zhang, Vera Cherepanov, Joshua Kruger, Jun Li, Kan Saito, Patrick Shannon, Nunzio Bottini, Huong Huynh, Heyu Ni, Hong Yang, Colin McKerlie, Sue Quaggin, Zhizhuang Joe Zhao, Philip A. Marsden, Tomas Mustelin, Katherine A. Siminovitch, Gregory P. Downey
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2005)

MEG2, a protein tyrosine phosphatase with a unique NH2-terminal lipid-binding domain, binds to and is modulated by the polyphosphoinositides PI(4,5)P2 and PI(3,4,5)P3. Recent data implicate MEG2 in vesicle fusion events in leukocytes. Through the genesis of Meg2-deficient mice, we demonstrate that Meg2−/−embryos manifest hemorrhages, neural tube defects including exencephaly and meningomyeloceles, cerebral infarctions, abnormal bone development, and &amp;gt;90% late embryonic lethality. T lymphocytes and platelets isolated from recombination activating gene 2−/− mice transplanted with Meg2−/− embryonic liver–derived hematopoietic progenitor cells showed profound defects in activation that, in T lymphocytes, was attributable to impaired interleukin 2 secretion. Ultrastructural analysis of these lymphocytes revealed near complete absence of mature secretory vesicles. Taken together, these observations suggest that MEG2-mediated modulation of secretory vesicle genesis and function plays an essential role in neural tube, vascular, and bone development as well as activation of mature platelets and lymphocytes.
Hypertensive heart disease in African-Americans.
Authors: D D Savage
Journal: Circulation (1991)

Hypertensive heart disease is a frequent complication in hypertensive African-Americans because of inadequate high blood pressure control. Moreover, African-Americans may be predisposed to develop LVH earlier in life and more readily than Caucasians, and it may be more malignant. The appearance of both LVH and congestive heart failure are ominous developments in individual patients, and early detection of LVH is mandatory for adequate management and reversal of this complication, if possible. Additional research is needed, and new, sensitive tools for detecting LVH will accelerate such studies. Further investigations are also needed on the reversibility of LVH, preferred antihypertensive agents for accomplishing reversal, and whether expected benefits result.
The influence of dietary carbohydrate and pre-exercise glucose consumption on supramaximal intermittent exercise performance.
Authors: D G Jenkins, C A Hutchins, D Spillman
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1994)

The present study examined whether a pre-exercise consumption of glucose by subjects having adhered to a 3-day low carbohydrate (CHO) or normal CHO diet would influence supramaximal intermittent exercise performance. Sixteen moderately active men volunteers (mean(s.d.) age 20.0(1.3) years) agreed to undertake three exercise tests over an 8-day period; in addition to completing a VO2max test, the subjects performed two identical maximal interval tests (MIT1 and MIT2). Periods of 3 days separated each of the three tests. The interval tests involved five 60-s 'all-out' cycling bouts working against a resistance of 0.075 kg kg-1 body mass; each bout was separated by 5 min of passive recovery. For 3 days preceding the first interval test (MIT1), all subjects adhered to a 'moderate' CHO diet which comprised 59.1% (approximately 4.1 g kg-1 body mass) of the daily energy intake as CHO. Following MIT1 and for 3 days before MIT2 subjects were randomly assigned to follow either a moderate CHO diet (60.8%) or a low CHO diet (14.4% or 1.1 g kg-1 body mass). All food and drink consumed during the experimental period was weighed and recorded for later dietary analysis. One hour before MIT2, eight subjects were administered (in single blind fashion) a 15% glucose solution (1 g kg-1 body mass) while the other eight subjects consumed a low-energy sweetened placebo. During both interval tests, values of work, exercise VO2, plasma glucose, plasma lactate and venous blood pH were statistically analysed. No changes in performance between MIT1 and MIT2 across conditions were found (P &gt; 0.05). However, those subjects who consumed the glucose solution before MIT2 (irrespective of their dietary CHO intake) consumed significantly less oxygen during exercise than those who had been given the placebo solution (P&lt;0.05). While these findings question the ergogenic potential of consuming glucose before supramaximal exercise, the VO(2) data implicate a possible shift in substrate utilization during repeated sprint exercise after pre-exercise glucose ingestion.
Autotransplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue in cancer survivors and the risk of reintroducing malignancy: a systematic review
Authors: L. Bastings, C. C. M. Beerendonk, J. R. Westphal, L. F. A. G. Massuger, S. E. J. Kaal, F. E. van Leeuwen, D. D. M. Braat, R. Peek
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2013)

BACKGROUND The risk of recurrent oncological disease due to the reintroduction of cancer cells via autotransplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue is unknown. METHODS A systematic review of literature derived from MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library was conducted. Studies on follow-up after autotransplantation; detection of cancer cells in ovarian tissue from oncological patients by histology, polymerase chain reaction or xenotransplantation; and epidemiological data on ovarian metastases were included. RESULTS A total of 289 studies were included. Metastases were repeatedly detected in ovarian tissue obtained for cryopreservation purposes from patients with leukaemia, as well as in one patient with Ewing sarcoma. No metastases were detected in ovarian tissue from lymphoma and breast cancer patients who had their ovarian tissue cryopreserved. Clinical studies indicated that one should be concerned about autotransplantation safety in patients with colorectal, gastric and endometrial cancer. For patients with low-stage cervical carcinoma, clinical data were relatively reassuring, but studies focused on the detection of metastases were scarce. Oncological recurrence has been described in one survivor of cervical cancer and one survivor of breast cancer who had their ovarian tissue autotransplanted, although these recurrences may not be related to the transplantation. CONCLUSIONS It is advisable to refrain from ovarian tissue autotransplantation in survivors of leukaemia. With survivors of all other malignancies, current knowledge regarding the safety of autotransplantation should be discussed. The most reassuring data regarding autotransplantation safety were found for lymphoma patients.
SIRT3 Opposes Reprogramming of Cancer Cell Metabolism through HIF1α Destabilization
Authors: Lydia W.S. Finley, Arkaitz Carracedo, Jaewon Lee, Amanda Souza, Ainara Egia, Jiangwen Zhang, Julie Teruya-Feldstein, Paula I. Moreira, Sandra M. Cardoso, Clary B. Clish, Pier Paolo Pandolfi, Marcia C. Haigis
Journal: Cancer Cell (2011)
Prognostic Immune Markers in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Kei Suzuki, Stefan S. Kachala, Kyuichi Kadota, Ronglai Shen, Qianxing Mo, David G. Beer, Valerie W. Rusch, William D. Travis, Prasad S. Adusumilli
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Tumor-associated immune responses have polarized effects in regulating tumor growth. Although a clear association has been shown between the tumor immune response and clinical outcome in colorectal and ovarian cancers, the role of immune markers for stratifying prognosis in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is less defined. Herein, we review the prognostic significance of published immune markers in the tumor microenvironment and peripheral blood of NSCLC patients. To identify prognostic immune genes, we reviewed all published gene-profiling studies in NSCLC and delineated the significance of immune genes by doing subanalysis on the microarray database of the NIH Director's Challenge study. This first comprehensive review of prognostic immune markers provides a foundation for further investigating immune responses in NSCLC. Clin Cancer Res; 17(16); 5247–56. ©2011 AACR.
Hypoxic Response Contributes to Altered Gene Expression and Precapillary Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients With Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Xu Zhang, Wei Zhang, Shwu-Fan Ma, Ankit A. Desai, Santosh Saraf, Galina Miasniakova, Adelina Sergueeva, Tatiana Ammosova, Min Xu, Sergei Nekhai, Taimur Abbasi, Nancy G. Casanova, Martin H. Steinberg, Clinton T. Baldwin, Paola Sebastiani, Josef T. Prchal, Rick Kittles, Joe G. N. Garcia, Roberto F. Machado, Victor R. Gordeuk
Journal: Circulation (2014)

We postulated that the hypoxic response in sickle cell disease (SCD) contributes to altered gene expression and pulmonary hypertension, a complication associated with early mortality.To identify genes regulated by the hypoxic response and not other effects of chronic anemia, we compared expression variation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 13 subjects with SCD with hemoglobin SS genotype and 15 subjects with Chuvash polycythemia (VHL(R200W) homozygotes with constitutive upregulation of hypoxia-inducible factors in the absence of anemia or hypoxia). At a 5% false discovery rate, 1040 genes exhibited >1.15-fold change in both conditions; 297 were upregulated and 743 downregulated including MAPK8 encoding a mitogen-activated protein kinase important for apoptosis, T-cell differentiation, and inflammatory responses. Association mapping with a focus on local regulatory polymorphisms in 61 patients with SCD identified expression quantitative trait loci for 103 of these hypoxia response genes. In a University of Illinois SCD cohort, the A allele of a MAPK8 expression quantitative trait locus, rs10857560, was associated with precapillary pulmonary hypertension defined as mean pulmonary artery pressure ≥25 mm Hg and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure ≤15 mm Hg at right heart catheterization (allele frequency, 0.66; odds ratio, 13.8; n=238). This association was confirmed in an independent Walk-Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension and Sickle Cell Disease With Sildenafil Therapy cohort (allele frequency, 0.65; odds ratio, 11.3; n=519). The homozygous AA genotype of rs10857560 was associated with decreased MAPK8 expression and present in all 14 of the identified precapillary pulmonary hypertension cases among the combined 757 patients.Our study demonstrates a prominent hypoxic transcription component in SCD and a MAPK8 expression quantitative trait locus associated with precapillary pulmonary hypertension.
Early versus Delayed, Provisional Eptifibatide in Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Robert P. Giugliano, Jennifer A. White, Christoph Bode, Paul W. Armstrong, Gilles Montalescot, Basil S. Lewis, Arnoud van `t Hof, Lisa G. Berdan, Kerry L. Lee, John T. Strony, Steven Hildemann, Enrico Veltri, Frans Van de Werf, Eugene Braunwald, Robert A. Harrington, Robert M. Califf, L. Kristin Newby
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors are indicated in patients with acute coronary syndromes who are undergoing an invasive procedure. The optimal timing of the initiation of such therapy is unknown.We compared a strategy of early, routine administration of eptifibatide with delayed, provisional administration in 9492 patients who had acute coronary syndromes without ST-segment elevation and who were assigned to an invasive strategy. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either early eptifibatide (two boluses, each containing 180 microg per kilogram of body weight, administered 10 minutes apart, and a standard infusion > or = 12 hours before angiography) or a matching placebo infusion with provisional use of eptifibatide after angiography (delayed eptifibatide). The primary efficacy end point was a composite of death, myocardial infarction, recurrent ischemia requiring urgent revascularization, or the occurrence of a thrombotic complication during percutaneous coronary intervention that required bolus therapy opposite to the initial study-group assignment ("thrombotic bailout") at 96 hours. The key secondary end point was a composite of death or myocardial infarction within the first 30 days. Key safety end points were bleeding and the need for transfusion within the first 120 hours after randomization.The primary end point occurred in 9.3% of patients in the early-eptifibatide group and in 10.0% in the delayed-eptifibatide group (odds ratio, 0.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.80 to 1.06; P=0.23). At 30 days, the rate of death or myocardial infarction was 11.2% in the early-eptifibatide group, as compared with 12.3% in the delayed-eptifibatide group (odds ratio, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.79 to 1.01; P=0.08). Patients in the early-eptifibatide group had significantly higher rates of bleeding and red-cell transfusion. There was no significant difference between the two groups in rates of severe bleeding or nonhemorrhagic serious adverse events.In patients who had acute coronary syndromes without ST-segment elevation, the use of eptifibatide 12 hours or more before angiography was not superior to the provisional use of eptifibatide after angiography. The early use of eptifibatide was associated with an increased risk of non-life-threatening bleeding and need for transfusion. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00089895.)
REMARKS ON THE VALUE OF RHYTHMICAL EXERCISES IN THE TREATMENT OF SPASMODIC NEUROSES
Authors: T. S. Wilson
Journal: BMJ (1907)

IMDCLJOURNAL 133 measures to bring it to an end.In the absence of direct evidence, no explanation can be more than conjectural or of other than doubtful value.With the observed facts, however, it is different.They are in no degree uncertain,
Late Stent Thrombosis After Drug-Eluting Stent
Authors: William Wijns
Journal: Circulation (2009)

the team from Bern, Switzerland, has contributed Ͼ30 studies on drug-eluting stent efficacy and safety, several of which represent essential pieces in the puzzle.The article in this issue of Circulation by Cook et al 1 belongs to that select group of key references.The series of robust and detailed reports on the Bern-Rotterdam cohort studies have coined the 0.6% yearly linear rate of definite late stent thrombosis associated with the permanent coronary implantation of first-generation drug-eluting stents. 2 Intravascular ultrasound imaging of the thrombosed stents has revealed the strong association of incomplete strut apposition with the event. 3At the same time, collective analysis of all the available evidence 4 demonstrated that a reduction in restenosis with drug-eluting stents prevented adverse events caused by the treatment of the more frequent recurrences with bare metal stents.With the former compensating for the latter, the net result of this balancing act between safety and efficacy resulted in no difference in death and myocardial infarction rates up to 4 years after the initial procedure.
Arsenic trioxide in the treatment of newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia: A single center experience
Authors: Vikram Mathews, Poonkuzhali Balasubramanian, Ramachandran Velayudhan Shaji, Biju George, Mammen Chandy, Alok Srivastava
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2002)

Abstract Arsenic trioxide (As 2 O 3 ) has been found effective in the treatment in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APML). Most studies with As 2 O 3 involve patients with APML who have relapsed following standard therapy. Between January 1998 and July 2000, 14 patients were recruited for an ongoing trial of As 2 O 3 in the treatment of newly diagnosed APML. Arsenic trioxide was administered at a dose of 10 mg/day until complete remission (CR) was achieved. Afterward, a consolidation course and a maintenance schedule consisting of As 2 O 3 as a single agent were administered over 6 months. There were 3 early deaths related to intra‐cerebral hemorrhage: two on day 3 and one on day 4. Of the 11 evaluable patients, one died on day 21 secondary to uncontrolled sepsis, while the remaining 10 (91%) have attained CR. The average time to CR was 52.3 days (range: 34–70 days). One patient developed an isolated central nervous system (CNS) relapse and subsequently went into a second CR following therapy with triple intrathecal chemotherapy, cranial irradiation, and an additional 4‐week course of systemic As 2 O 3 . This patient, as well as the remaining nine, has continued to remain in CR at a median follow up of 15 months (range: 2−33 months). Eight out of 10 patients achieved molecular remission at variable periods during their consolidation and maintenance schedules. One patient developed an ATRA syndrome and was administered daunorubicin (40 mg/day) for 2 days. The side effects with this therapy were minimal and did not require cessation of therapy in any patient. There was no significant hepatic toxicity. In our experience, arsenic trioxide is effective in inducing and maintaining remission in patients with APML with minimal side effects. The optimal regimen and total dose required need to be defined. Am. J. Hematol. 70:292–299, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Epidemiology of primary Sjögren's syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Baodong Qin, Jiaqi Wang, Zaixing Yang, Min Yang, Ning Ma, Fenglou Huang, Renqian Zhong
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Objective</h3> Epidemiological studies of primary Sjögren9s syndrome (pSS) are crucial for describing the burden to society and the public medical system and for shedding light on aetiology. Previous reports of the epidemiology of pSS show variable outcomes. We conducted a systematic review of the epidemiology of pSS to assess the prevalence rates (PRs) and incidence rates (IRs), and to investigate possible geographic variations in pSS. <h3>Methods</h3> A systematic literature search of PubMed and Embase (updated to 22 October 2013) was performed to identify all published reports on the epidemiology of pSS. The incidence and prevalence rates of pSS were summarised with IRs or PRs and 95% CIs. <h3>Results</h3> The literature search yielded 1880 related citations. Only 21 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. According to a random-effects model, the pooled IR for pSS was 6.92 (95% CI 4.98 to 8.86) per 100 000 person-years. The overall PR was 60.82 (95% CI 43.69 to 77.94) cases per 100 000 inhabitants with a slightly lower estimate of Baodong Qin is BDQ, Jiaqi Wang is JQW, Zaixing Yang is ZXY, Renqian Zhong is RQZ. 43.03 (25.74 to 60.31) cases per 100 000 inhabitants when only considering population-based studies. The female/male ratio in incidence data was 9.15 (95% CI 3.35 to 13.18). The female/male ratio in prevalence data was 10.72 (95% CI 7.35 to 15.62). The overall age of pSS patients was 56.16 years (95% CI 52.54 to 59.78). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Incidence and prevalence rates of pSS vary widely around the world. The results help us better understand the global epidemiology of pSS. Large population-based studies combining meticulous case-finding and case-ascertainment strategies are needed.
Gene networks in Drosophila melanogaster: integrating experimental data to predict gene function
Authors: James C Costello, Mehmet M Dalkilic, Scott M Beason, Jeff R Gehlhausen, Rupali Patwardhan, Sumit Middha, Brian D Eads, Justen R Andrews
Journal: Genome biology (2009)

Abstract Background Discovering the functions of all genes is a central goal of contemporary biomedical research. Despite considerable effort, we are still far from achieving this goal in any metazoan organism. Collectively, the growing body of high-throughput functional genomics data provides evidence of gene function, but remains difficult to interpret. Results We constructed the first network of functional relationships for Drosophila melanogaster by integrating most of the available, comprehensive sets of genetic interaction, protein-protein interaction, and microarray expression data. The complete integrated network covers 85% of the currently known genes, which we refined to a high confidence network that includes 20,000 functional relationships among 5,021 genes. An analysis of the network revealed a remarkable concordance with prior knowledge. Using the network, we were able to infer a set of high-confidence Gene Ontology biological process annotations on 483 of the roughly 5,000 previously unannotated genes. We also show that this approach is a means of inferring annotations on a class of genes that cannot be annotated based solely on sequence similarity. Lastly, we demonstrate the utility of the network through reanalyzing gene expression data to both discover clusters of coregulated genes and compile a list of candidate genes related to specific biological processes. Conclusions Here we present the the first genome-wide functional gene network in D. melanogaster . The network enables the exploration, mining, and reanalysis of experimental data, as well as the interpretation of new data. The inferred annotations provide testable hypotheses of previously uncharacterized genes.
Three year trial of endoscopic cytology of the stomach and duodenum.
Authors: J A Young, H E Hughes
Journal: Gut (1980)

The results of endoscopic cytology during the period 1974 to 1976 are presented. These consist of a pilot study on 76 patients and a main trial on 329 patients, of whom 61 proved to have malignant disease as the final diagnosis. Methods of cell collection, preparation, and reporting are given. Special emphasis was placed on making a definitive diagosis, especially the distinction between severe atypia and malignancy, and 9suspicious9 reports were not issued. The overall accuracy achieved for all tumour types was 91.8%, with an accuracy of 98% in the diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the stomach. There were no false positive cytology reports. Endoscopic histology on the same patients gave an accuracy of 68.9% and did not give a positive result in any of the five cases with false negative cytology. Adequate sampling, a variety of cell collection methods, and great care in technique are necessary in order to obtain optimum sensitivity and specificity in cytological diagnosis.