tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Acquisition of Ly49 Receptor Expression by Developing Natural Killer Cells
Authors: Jeffrey R. Dorfman, David H. Raulet
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1998)

The formation of the repertoire of mouse natural killer (NK) cell receptors for major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules was investigated by determining the developmental pattern of Ly49 receptor expression. During the first days after birth, few or no splenic NK cells express Ly49A, Ly49C, Ly49G2, or Ly49I receptors. The proportion of Ly49+ splenic NK cells gradually rises to adult levels during the first 6–8 wk of life. The appearance of appreciable numbers of splenic Ly49+ NK cells coincides with the appearance of NK activity at 3–4 wk. After in vivo transfer, NK cells not expressing specific Ly49 receptors can give rise to NK cells that do, and cells expressing one of these four Ly49 receptors can give rise to cells expressing others. Once initiated, expression of a Ly49 receptor is stable for at least 10 d after in vivo transfer. Hence, initiation of Ly49 receptor expression occurs successively. Interestingly, expression of one of the receptors tested, Ly49A, did not occur after in vivo transfer of Ly49A− cells. One possible explanation for these data is that the order of Ly49 receptor expression by NK cells is nonrandom. The results provide a framework for evaluating models of NK cell repertoire formation, and how the repertoire is molded by host class I MHC molecules.
Phosphorylation of Histone H3 at Serine 10 Is Indispensable for Neoplastic Cell Transformation
Authors: Hong Seok Choi, Bu Young Choi, Yong-Yeon Cho, Hideya Mizuno, Bong Seok Kang, Ann M. Bode, Zigang Dong
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Very little is known about the role of histone H3 phosphorylation in malignant transformation and cancer development. Here, we examine the function of H3 phosphorylation in cell transformation in vivo. Introduction of small interfering RNA-H3 into JB6 cells resulted in decreased epidermal growth factor (EGF)–induced cell transformation. In contrast, wild-type histone H3 (H3 WT)–overexpressing cells markedly stimulated EGF-induced cell transformation, whereas the H3 mutant S10A cells suppressed transformation. When H3 WT was overexpressed, EGF induction of c-fos and c-jun promoter activity was significantly increased compared with control cells but not in the H3 mutant S10A or S28A cells. In addition, activator protein-1 activity in H3 WT–overexpressing cells was markedly up-regulated by EGF in contrast to the H3 mutant S10A or S28A cells. These results indicate that the phosphorylation of histone H3 at Ser10 is an essential regulatory mechanism for EGF-induced neoplastic cell transformation.
Human thymus contains multipotent progenitors with T/B lymphoid, myeloid, and erythroid lineage potential
Authors: Floor Weerkamp, Miranda R. M. Baert, Martijn H. Brugman, Willem A. Dik, Edwin F. E. de Haas, Trudi P. Visser, Christianne J. M. de Groot, Gerard Wagemaker, Jacques J. M. van Dongen, Frank J. T. Staal
Journal: Blood (2005)
Increased Expression of Interleukin 23 p19 and p40 in Lesional Skin of Patients with Psoriasis Vulgaris
Authors: Edmund Lee, William L. Trepicchio, Judith L. Oestreicher, Debra Pittman, Frank Wang, Francesca Chamian, Madhav Dhodapkar, James G. Krueger
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2004)

Psoriasis is a type I–deviated disease characterized by the presence of interferon (IFN)-γ and multiple IFN-related inflammatory genes in lesions. Because interleukin (IL)-23 is now recognized to play a role in the recruitment of inflammatory cells in a T helper cell (Th)1-mediated disease, we examined psoriasis skin lesions for production of this newly described cytokine. IL-23 is composed of two subunits: a unique p19 subunit and a p40 subunit shared with IL-12. We found a reliable increase in p19 mRNA by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in lesional skin compared with nonlesional skin (22.3-fold increase; P = 0.001). The p40 subunit, shared by IL-12 and IL-23, increased by 11.6-fold compared with nonlesional skin (P = 0.003), but the IL-12 p35 subunit was not increased in lesional skin. IL-23 was expressed mainly by dermal cells and increased p40 immunoreactivity was visualized in large dermal cells in the lesions. Cell isolation experiments from psoriatic tissue showed strong expression of p19 mRNA in cells expressing monocyte (CD14+ CD11c+ CD83−) and mature dendritic cell (DC) markers (CD14− CD11c+ CD83+), whereas in culture, the mRNAs for p40 and p19 were strongly up-regulated in stimulated monocytes and monocyte-derived DCs, persisting in the latter for much longer periods than IL-12. Our data suggest that IL-23 is playing a more dominant role than IL-12 in psoriasis, a Th1 type of human inflammatory disease.
DIAGNOSIS OF RENAL ALLOGRAFT REJECTION BY ANALYSIS OF FINE-NEEDLE ASPIRATION BIOPSY SPECIMENS WITH IMMUNOSTAINS AND SIMPLE CYTOLOGY
Authors: G.Alex Bishop, Jennifer Waugh, JohnS Horvath, JamesR Johnson, BruceM Hall, Jeanette Philips, GeoffreyG Duggin, A.G.Ross Sheil, DavidJ Tiller
Journal: The Lancet (1986)
An evaluation of the relationship between vitamin d status and quadriceps strength in patients with copd: a cross sectional study
Authors: J. Fenn, A. Martineau, J. W. Yee, K. Islam, C. Griffiths, N. Maffulli, D. Morrissey
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2011)

<h3>Background</h3> Quadriceps muscle weakness is a well-defined characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Vitamin D deficiency has been shown to be highly prevalent in COPD but its association with quadriceps strength in this group is unknown. <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate the effects of Vitamin D status on quadriceps strength. To validate measurements of quadriceps strength by handheld dynamometer (HHD) against the gold standard isokinetic dynamometer (IKD) in a sub-population. <h3>Methods</h3> 30 patients with COPD Gold Stage II and above were recruited. Quadriceps muscle strength was tested using the HHD in all subjects. Eight of the subjects were also tested using the IKD for validation purposes. Vitamin D status and a range of potentially confounding measures were assessed. A multivariate analysis was performed to determine which variables were associated with quadriceps strength. <h3>Results</h3> A very strong and positive correlation (r=0.92, 95%, p&lt;0.0001), existed between the HHD and IKD measurements. Serum 25-hydroxyvitaminD was not associated with quadriceps strength (r=0.17, p=0.20). The male gender (β 36.7, 95% CI 14.0 to 59.4, p=0.002) and pack year history (β −0.15 95% CI −0.2 to −0.05, p=0.003) were independently associated with quadriceps strength. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The portable and inexpensive HHD is a valid method of testing quadriceps strength in patients with COPD. Serum 25-hydroxyvitaminD is not associated with quadriceps strength in patients with COPD, although male gender and a decrease in pack year history are significantly associated.
Exocrine pancreatic secretion and immunoreactive secretin (IRS) release after intraduodenal instillation of bile in man.
Authors: M Osnes, L E Hanssen, O Flaten, J Myren
Journal: Gut (1978)

Six subjects with a normal endoscopic pancreatogram were investigated after an overnight fast by means of a side-viewing duodenoscope. After cannulation of the main pancreatic duct, juice was collected in five-minute samples for 20 minutes. An iso-osmolar solution of 6 g cattle bile was then infused into the duodenum through a separate catheter attached to the outside of the duodenoscope, and pancreatic juice collected in five-minute samples for another 20 minutes. Blood was frequently drawn from an arm vein through an indwelling catheter for estimation of immunoreactive secretin (IRS) by radioimmunassay. The flow rate of pancreatic juice and outputs of bicarbonate, amylase, and protein increased significantly after intraduodenal infusion of bile. A significant rise in plasma IRS was also found after instillation of bile in the duodenum.
Inverse kinematic problem: Solutions by pseudoinversion, inversion and no-inversion
Authors: Simon R. Goodman
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1995)

Abstract Kinematic properties of reaching movements reflect constraints imposed on the joint angles. Contemporary models present solutions to the redundancy problem by a pseudoinverse procedure (Whitney 1969) or without any inversion (Berkenblit et al. 1986). Feldman &amp; Levin suggest a procedure based on a regular inversion. These procedures are considered as an outcome of a more general approach.
Oxaliplatin and paclitaxel combination in patients with platinum-pretreated ovarian carcinoma: An investigator-originated compassionate-use experience
Authors: S. Faivre, S. Kalla, E. Cvitkovic, O. Bourdon, D. Hauteville, L.M. Dourte, M.A. Bensmaïne, M. Itzhaki, M. Marty, J.M. Extra
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1999)
Letter: Psychiatric aspects of sterilization.
Authors: B R Nakra, R Gaind
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Physicians should consider the individual patient when prescribing a method of contraception. They must be aware of the psychiatric sequelae of each method of contraception and must prescribe the method which best suits each patient. Premorbid personality, social background, religious beliefs, and emotional and intellectual make-up of the patient must be c onsidered when prescribing a contraceptive method.
Denervation supersensitivity of refractoriness in noninfarcted areas apical to transmural myocardial infarction.
Authors: J J Kammerling, F J Green, A M Watanabe, H Inoue, M J Barber, D P Henry, D P Zipes
Journal: Circulation (1987)

Denervation supersensitivity was demonstrated in anesthetized dogs 5 to 10 days after transmural myocardial infarction produced by latex embolization of a diagonal branch of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Sympathetic efferent denervation in noninfarcted myocardium apical to the infarction was demonstrated by a 90% depletion of myocardial norepinephrine content in the apical (45 +/- 15 pg norepinephrine/g tissue) vs basal (437 +/- 76 pg/g tissue) regions and by the lack of effective refractory period (ERP) shortening during bilateral ansae subclaviae stimulation in 34% of sites apical to the infarction. Supersensitivity in the area apical to the infarction was manifested by an exaggerated shortening of the ERP during both norepinephrine and isoproterenol infusions, with an upward and leftward shift in the dose-response curves in the apical vs basal regions (p less than .001). The cellular mechanism for denervation supersensitivity did not involve detectable changes in the beta-adrenergic receptor adenylate cyclase system. There was no difference in the density of beta-adrenergic receptors ([125I]-cyanopindolol) in the apical (268.6 +/- 22.7 fmol/mg protein) vs the basal (253.5 +/- 24.8 fmol/mg protein) regions. Adenylate cyclase activity stimulated by guanosine triphosphate plus isoproterenol was slightly greater in the apical (58.7 +/- 17.4%) than in the basal (49.6 +/- 10.9%) region, but this difference did not reach statistical significance (p = .068). Muscarinic modulation of beta-receptor coupling (oxotremorine attenuation of guanosine triphosphate plus isoproterenol-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity) also was not significantly different at the apical (31.6 +/- 17.5% inhibition) and basal (21.4 +/- 20.9% inhibition) sites. These data show that a transmural myocardial infarction produces denervation supersensitivity in areas apical to the infarction, but in this preparation no differences in the total number or a redistribution of beta-adrenergic receptors or adenylate cyclase activity were detected.
Minimal bevelling angle in Mohs micrographic surgery cut: a 10o angle is sufficient
Authors: T.R. Tilleman, M.M. Tilleman, M.H.A. Neumann
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Conflicts of interest: none declared. Sir, Saucer incision with a taper angle of 45° is the common cut in Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS). The bevelling is necessary for microscopic viewing of the cutting strata. In this work we examine the 45° aspect of the saucer incision and answer the question: what is the minimal bevelling angle that permits viewing of all the layers after the cryostat compression? For this exploration we developed a mathematical model based on the method of finite elements analysis. Also in our study, microscopic views of Mohs specimens are inspected to back up the analysis. It was found that a taper of 10° is the critical value that permits unobstructed layer viewing. In the teaching of cutaneous surgery a perpendicular cut is the norm. However, the cutting angle in MMS differs from that in any other skin surgery. It aims to produce horizontal sections for histopathological viewing. Dr Frederic Mohs recommended that tissue removed by the first excision should possess a saucer shape,1 i.e. a 45° bevelled cut combined with a circular marginal incision. The bevelled cut is needed to produce a good projection of microscopic strata by eliminating any tissue bulging during condensation in the cryostat.2
Prevalence of pulmonary involvement in rheumatoid arthritis patients in Indian population
Authors: Krishna Bihari Gupta, Diksha Tyagi, Harpreet Singh, Sarita Magu
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common chronic connective tissue disorder that significantly affects the lungs.  The aim was to evaluate the pulmonary involvement in RA patients and its correlation with duration of RA.  A total of 100 diagnosed cases of RA, divided into two groups of 50 patients each on the basis of duration of RA i.e.   5years were evaluated. All the patients were assessed for clinical characteristics, High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) thorax and Spirometry findings. Disease severity was assessed by DAS28 score.  Respiratory symptoms were present in 41% patients. Pulmonary involvement (either abnormal HRCT thorax/ Spirometry or both) was found in 67% patients with abnormal Spirometry in 51% and abnormal HRCT in 59.30% patients. Chest radiographs were abnormal in 22% patients. Most common radiological finding on HRCT thorax were interstitial lung disease suggestive findings (31%) and bronchiectasis (29.41%). On Spirometry, restrictive defect was found in 33%, obstructive defects in 12% and mixed defect in 6%. FEF25-75% was abnormal in 18% patients. Risk factors for the presence of pulmonary involvement were increasing age and presence of rheumatoid factor. No association was found with gender, duration of disease, severity of disease.  A high prevalence of pulmonary involvement was found in RA independent of duration of illness. HRCT appeared to be more sensitive tool.
The Subcutaneous Use of Creasote and Guaiacol in Pulmonary Phthisis
Authors: F. R. Walters
Journal: BMJ (1895)

Dr. ILLINGWORTH did not consider that digitalis was a cardiac tonic.If given in doses of 6 to 10 minims in cases of pneumonia, the pulse-rate might be very considerably reduced, and syncope or even death might occur.He considered this to indicate a depressant or calmative action.He admitted, however, that in cases of nervous palpitation the pulse-rate appeared to be slowed and the volume in- creased, but in his opinion this was a mere side issue, and not a main question.
Left Cardiac Sympathetic Denervation in the Management of High-Risk Patients Affected by the Long-QT Syndrome
Authors: Peter J. Schwartz, Silvia G. Priori, Marina Cerrone, Carla Spazzolini, Attilio Odero, Carlo Napolitano, Raffaella Bloise, Gaetano M. De Ferrari, Catherine Klersy, Arthur J. Moss, Wojciech Zareba, Jennifer L. Robinson, W. Jackson Hall, Paul A. Brink, Lauri Toivonen, Andrew E. Epstein, Cuilan Li, Dayi Hu
Journal: Circulation (2004)

The management of long-QT syndrome (LQTS) patients who continue to have cardiac events (CEs) despite beta-blockers is complex. We assessed the long-term efficacy of left cardiac sympathetic denervation (LCSD) in a group of high-risk patients.We identified 147 LQTS patients who underwent LCSD. Their QT interval was very prolonged (QTc, 543+/-65 ms); 99% were symptomatic; 48% had a cardiac arrest; and 75% of those treated with beta-blockers remained symptomatic. The average follow-up periods between first CE and LCSD and post-LCSD were 4.6 and 7.8 years, respectively. After LCSD, 46% remained asymptomatic. Syncope occurred in 31%, aborted cardiac arrest in 16%, and sudden death in 7%. The mean yearly number of CEs per patient dropped by 91% (P<0.001). Among 74 patients with only syncope before LCSD, all types of CEs decreased significantly as in the entire group, and a post-LCSD QTc <500 ms predicted very low risk. The percentage of patients with >5 CEs declined from 55% to 8% (P<0.001). In 5 patients with preoperative implantable defibrillator and multiple discharges, the post-LCSD count of shocks decreased by 95% (P=0.02) from a median number of 25 to 0 per patient. Among 51 genotyped patients, LCSD appeared more effective in LQT1 and LQT3 patients.LCSD is associated with a significant reduction in the incidence of aborted cardiac arrest and syncope in high-risk LQTS patients when compared with pre-LCSD events. However, LCSD is not entirely effective in preventing cardiac events including sudden cardiac death during long-term follow-up. LCSD should be considered in patients with recurrent syncope despite beta-blockade and in patients who experience arrhythmia storms with an implanted defibrillator.
Efficacy and Tolerance of Intravitreal Ganciclovir in Cytomegalovirus Retinitis in Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
Authors: Isabelle Cochereau-Massin, Phuc Lehoang, Marie Lautier-Frau, Lydie Zazoun, Patricia Marcel, Martin Robinet, Sophie Matheron, Christine Katlama, Shawn Gharakhanian, Willy Rozenbaum, Didier Ingrand, Marc Gentilini
Journal: Ophthalmology (1991)
The Nature of Traumatic Memories: A 4-T fMRI Functional Connectivity Analysis
Authors: Ruth A. Lanius, Peter C. Williamson, Maria Densmore, Kristine Boksman, R. W. Neufeld, Joseph S. Gati, Ravi S. Menon
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2004)

OBJECTIVE: This study used functional connectivity analyses to assess interregional brain activity correlations during the recall of traumatic memories in traumatized subjects with and without posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). METHOD: Both 4-T functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and functional connectivity analyses were used to assess interregional brain activity correlations during script-driven symptom provocation in traumatized subjects with (N=11) and without (N=13) PTSD. Functional connectivity analyses were carried out by using data for brain regions activated in both the PTSD group and the comparison group. The use of functional connectivity analyses in addition to subtraction analyses allowed assessment of specific brain regions involved in the recall of traumatic events and of the neuronal networks underlying the recall of such events. RESULTS: Significant between-group differences in functional connectivity were found. Comparison of connectivity maps at coordinates x=2, y=20, z=36 (right anterior cingulate gyrus) for the two groups showed that the subjects without PTSD had greater correlation than the PTSD subjects in the left superior frontal gyrus (Brodmann's area 9), left anterior cingulate gyrus (Brodmann's area 32), left striatum (caudate), left parietal lobe (Brodmann's areas 40 and 43), and left insula (Brodmann's area 13). In contrast, the PTSD subjects showed greater correlation than the subjects without PTSD in the right posterior cingulate gyrus (Brodmann's area 29), right caudate, right parietal lobe (Brodmann's areas 7 and 40), and right occipital lobe (Brodmann's area 19). CONCLUSIONS: The differences in brain connectivity between PTSD and comparison subjects may account for the nonverbal nature of traumatic memory recall in PTSD subjects, compared to a more verbal pattern of traumatic memory recall in comparison subjects.
Smad2 and Myocardin-Related Transcription Factor B Cooperatively Regulate Vascular Smooth Muscle Differentiation From Neural Crest Cells
Authors: Wei-Bing Xie, Zuguo Li, Ning Shi, Xia Guo, Junming Tang, Wenjun Ju, Jun Han, Tengfei Liu, Erwin P. Bottinger, Yang Chai, Pedro A. Jose, Shi-You Chen
Journal: Circulation Research (2013)

Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) differentiation from neural crest cells (NCCs) is critical for cardiovascular development, but the mechanisms remain largely unknown.Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) function in VSMC differentiation from NCCs is controversial. Therefore, we determined the role and mechanism of a TGF-β downstream signaling intermediate Smad2 in NCC differentiation to VSMCs.By using Cre/loxP system, we generated a NCC tissue-specific Smad2 knockout mouse model and found that Smad2 deletion resulted in defective NCC differentiation to VSMCs in aortic arch arteries during embryonic development and caused vessel wall abnormality in adult carotid arteries where the VSMCs are derived from NCCs. The abnormalities included 1 layer of VSMCs missing in the media of the arteries with distorted and thinner elastic lamina, leading to a thinner vessel wall compared with wild-type vessel. Mechanistically, Smad2 interacted with myocardin-related transcription factor B (MRTFB) to regulate VSMC marker gene expression. Smad2 was required for TGF-β-induced MRTFB nuclear translocation, whereas MRTFB enhanced Smad2 binding to VSMC marker promoter. Furthermore, we found that Smad2, but not Smad3, was a progenitor-specific transcription factor mediating TGF-β-induced VSMC differentiation from NCCs. Smad2 also seemed to be involved in determining the physiological differences between NCC-derived and mesoderm-derived VSMCs.Smad2 is an important factor in regulating progenitor-specific VSMC development and physiological differences between NCC-derived and mesoderm-derived VSMCs.
Mold Exposure and Health Effects Following Hurricanes Katrina and Rita
Authors: Deborah N. Barbeau, L. Faye Grimsley, LuAnn E. White, Jane M. El-Dahr, Maureen Lichtveld
Journal: Annual Review of Public Health (2010)

The extensive flooding in the aftermath of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita created conditions ideal for indoor mold growth, raising concerns about the possible adverse health effects associated with indoor mold exposure. Studies evaluating the levels of indoor and outdoor molds in the months following the hurricanes found high levels of mold growth. Homes with greater flood damage, especially those with &gt;3 feet of indoor flooding, demonstrated higher levels of mold growth compared with homes with little or no flooding. Water intrusion due to roof damage was also associated with mold growth. However, no increase in the occurrence of adverse health outcomes has been observed in published reports to date. This article considers reasons why studies of mold exposure after the hurricane do not show a greater health impact.