tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of Alterations in Systemic Pressure upon Oxygen Saturation in Patients with Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: RICHARD P. LASSER, GABRIEL GENKINS
Journal: Circulation Research (1959)

The effect of alteration of systemic pressure upon peripheral arterial oxygen saturation was studied in patients with congenital heart disease. Vasodepression produced by amyl nitrite caused a fall in systemic oxygen saturation in five patients with tetralogy of Fallot, two with patent ductus arteriosus and severe pulmonary hypertension, and one with Eisenmenger's complex. These changes did not occur in normals or in those with isolated puhmonic stenosis, trilogy of Fallot, or uncomplicated interatrial septal defect or patent duetus. Levarterenol on the other hand produced a rise in systemic oxygen content in one patient with tetralogy of Fallot. The use of these technics is suggested as a diagnostic aid and for the study of venoarterial shunts.
Association Between Circulating Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein and Incidence of the Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Paul Holvoet
Journal: JAMA (2008)

<h3>Context</h3>Experimental data support the hypothesis that oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is associated with the metabolic syndrome. However, this hypothesis has not been tested in humans.<h3>Objective</h3>To establish the relation of oxidized LDL with metabolic syndrome in the general community.<h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3>The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study is a population-based, prospective, observational study. We studied 1889 participants who were between the ages of 18 and 30 years at the time of recruitment in 1985 and 1986 and living in 1 of 4 US metropolitan areas (41% African American; 56% women) and were seen both at year 15 (2000-2001, ages 33-45 years) and year 20 examinations (2005-2006).<h3>Main Outcome Measure</h3>The longitudinal association of oxidized LDL and incident metabolic syndrome. Oxidized LDL was measured with a monoclonal antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The metabolic syndrome was defined according to the Adult Treatment Panel III of the National Cholesterol Education Program.<h3>Results</h3>Incident metabolic syndrome was diagnosed at the year 20 follow-up in 12.9% (243 of 1889) of participants who did not have metabolic syndrome at the 15-year follow-up. The odds ratios (ORs) for incident metabolic syndrome after 5 years' follow-up and adjusted for age, sex, race, study center, cigarette smoking, body mass index, physical activity, and LDL cholesterol levels by quintiles of oxidized LDL were 2.1 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-3.8) for the second quintile (55.4-69.1 U/L); 2.4 (95% CI, 1.3-4.3) for the third quintile (69.2-81.2 U/L); 2.8 (95% CI, 1.5-5.1) for the fourth quintile (81.3-97.3 U/L); and 3.5 (95% CI, 1.9-6.6) for the fifth quintile (≥97.4 U/L). The adjusted ORs for incidence of dichotomous components of metabolic syndrome in the highest vs the lowest quintile of oxidized LDL were 2.1 (95% CI, 1.2-3.6) for abdominal obesity, 2.4 (95% CI, 1.5-3.8) for high fasting glucose, and 2.1 (95% CI, 1.1-4.0) for high triglycerides. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was not associated with incident metabolic syndrome or with any of its components in the fully adjusted model containing oxidized LDL.<h3>Conclusion</h3>Higher concentration of oxidized LDL was associated with increased incidence of metabolic syndrome overall, as well as its components of abdominal obesity, hyperglycemia, and hypertriglyceridemia.
Effect of psychological training on the selected performance related variables in shootingball game among polytechnic college boys in Andhra Pradesh
Authors: M Sathyanandan
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

Sports skills can be developed fully only by physical and mental training. Many coaches attempt to correct poor performance by having an athlete simply put in more practice time. Often, however the real problem is not a lack of physical skills but mental skills. Athletes need to improve or enhance concentration, confidence, motivation and mental preparation. These skills can be developed through psychological skills training. To achieve this purpose, 30 male students were selected as subjects from polytechnic college in Andhra Pradesh. Subjects were divided into two groups namely experimental group and control group. Under experimental group one was mental imagery training group consisting of 15 students and the other one was goal setting training group consisting of 15 students. Control group consisted of 15 students. Each group had 15 subjects at random. The duration of the training programme was 12 weeks. The data was collected prior and immediately after the training programme. The data was statistically analysed by using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). There were significant improvement in the performance of shootingball players due to the mental imagery training programme and goal setting training programme.
Role of sulfhydryl-dependent dimerization of soluble guanylyl cyclase in relaxation of porcine coronary artery to nitric oxide
Authors: X. Zheng, L. Ying, J. Liu, D. Dou, Q. He, S. W. S. Leung, R. Y. K. Man, P. M. Vanhoutte, Y. Gao
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2011)

AimsSoluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) is a heterodimer. The dimerization of the enzyme is obligatory for its function in mediating actions caused by agents that elevate cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). The present study aimed to determine whether sGC dimerization is modulated by thiol-reducing agents and whether its dimerization influences relaxations in response to nitric oxide (NO).
A branched, synthetic octapeptide of ubiquitinated histone H2A as target of autoantibodies.
Authors: S Plaué, S Muller, M H van Regenmortel
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1989)

Two peptides of eight (T2) and 10 (T1) residues corresponding to the branched moiety of ubiquitinated histone H2A have been synthesized and used for raising specific antibodies in rabbits. Antisera to peptide T1 reacted in ELISA with T1 and with H2A but not with ubiquitin; antisera to peptide T2 reacted with T2 but not with H2A or ubiquitin. When tested in immunoblotting, both peptide antisera reacted with ubiquitinated H2A but not with unconjugated H2A or with ubiquitin. Sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were shown previously to react with ubiquitin in ELISA and immunoblotting. When tested for their ability to react in ELISA with synthetic peptides T1 and T2, 96% of the SLE sera (diluted 1:500) that recognized ubiquitin also reacted with peptide T2. Of the SLE sera that did not react with ubiquitin, only 13% possessed antibodies able to bind peptide T2. Antibodies from seven SLE sera, purified on a T2-immunoadsorbent column, were also able to react either with H2A, and in three cases also with ubiquitin.
Postoperative Mortality after Nontraumatic Lower Extremity Amputation in Patients with Renal Insufficiency
Authors: Ann M. O’Hare, Joe Feinglass, Gayle E. Reiber, Rudolph A. Rodriguez, Jennifer Daley, Shukri Khuri, William G. Henderson, Kirsten L. Johansen
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2004)

ABSTRACT. Mortality rates after lower extremity amputation are extremely high among dialysis patients. However, the impact of milder degrees of renal insufficiency on death rates after lower extremity amputation has not been carefully examined. In this study, the authors used data from the Department of Veterans Affairs' National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) to measure the association between renal dysfunction and 30-d mortality after nontraumatic amputation adjusted for confounders. The study population consisted of 16,994 patients undergoing their first NSQIP recorded amputation from January 1, 1994 through September 30, 2001. Thirty-five percent of all cohort patients had at least moderate renal insufficiency, and 52% of all postoperative deaths occurred in this group. Postoperative mortality was 9% in patients with moderate renal insufficiency, 15% in patients with severe renal insufficiency, and 16% in dialysis patients, compared with 6% in patients with normal or mildly reduced renal function. Renal insufficiency remained associated with death after adjustment for confounders (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.75 to 4.10 [dialysis patients]; OR 2.54, CI 2.06 to 3.14 [severe renal insufficiency]; and OR 1.52, CI 1.32 to 1.76 [moderate renal insufficiency]). In conclusion, even moderate renal insufficiency is independently associated with postoperative death after lower extremity amputation. This finding highlights the need for a targeted approach to improving the care of patients with renal insufficiency undergoing lower extremity amputation.
The Treatment of Hyperhomocysteinemia
Authors: Bradley A. Maron, Joseph Loscalzo
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (2008)

The unique biochemical profile of homocysteine is characterized by chemical reactivity supporting a wide range of molecular effects and by a tendency to promote oxidant stress-induced cellular toxicity. Numerous epidemiological reports have established hyperhomocysteinemia as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, dementia-type disorders, and osteoporosis-associated fractures. Although combined folic acid and B-vitamin therapy substantially reduces homocysteine levels, results from randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials testing the effect of vitamin therapy on outcome in these diseases have generally fallen short of expectations. These results have led some to abandon homocysteine monitoring in the management of patients with cardiovascular or cognitive disorders. These trials, however, have generally included patients with only mildly elevated homocysteine levels and have not addressed several clinical scenarios in which homocysteine reduction may be effective, including the primary prevention of atherothrombotic disease in individuals at low or intermediate risk, or those with severe hyperhomocysteinemia.
ON THE USE OF CUBEBS IN THE TREATMENT OF GONORRHOEA
Authors: H. B. Norman
Journal: BMJ (1856)

there was more or ls flexibility of the elbow; in 13, anchylosis.Several of these men were useful as carpen- ters, as they could use their shoulders in a hinge-joint fashion, such as planing wood, cutting with a hatchet or chisel, etc., which they manifestly could not do if they had lost the arm by previous surgery of last century.Resection of the elbow was every where amongst the French less dangerous than amputation of the humerus, from the prevalence of this disease, osteo-myelitis.It is very interesting to find Dr. Menzies, and in Lon- don such an eminent surgeon as Mr. Skey, in a clinical address this month on amputations, now adopting the opinions of the surg.eons of 1848, what I then published.Such is the congruousness of truth and fact, in spite of the anomalies of statistics.Dr. Menzies, like many surgeons after great battles, gives an opiuion that one will find in all our medical libraries amongst old books, that more in the Crimea might have been left to conservative surgery and the vis medicatrix, or, as M. Velpeau expressed it in 1848, "Plus je viellis dans le pratique moins je suis partisan de l'amputation."
Overexpression of Collagen XVIII Is Associated with Poor Outcome and Elevated Levels of Circulating Serum Endostatin in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Toshihiko Iizasa, Hao Chang, Makoto Suzuki, Mizuto Otsuji, Sana Yokoi, Masako Chiyo, Shinichiro Motohashi, Kazuhiro Yasufuku, Yasuo Sekine, Akira Iyoda, Kiyoshi Shibuya, Kenzo Hiroshima, Takehiko Fujisawa
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine whether collagen XVIII expression is correlated with circulating serum endostatin and whether this has any prognostic value in patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Experimental Design: Serum endostatin levels were measured quantitatively by a competitive enzyme immunoassay, and collagen XVIII expression in tumor tissue was investigated with an immunohistochemical method in a series of 94 patients who underwent surgery for NSCLC. Results: Sixty cases (63.8%) had positive immunohistochemical staining with anticollagen XVIII polyclonal antibodies, including strongly positive staining in 11 (11.7%) cases. The mean (± SD) serum endostatin level was 41.6 ± 34.4 ng/ml in the patient group and 16.3 ± 10.3 ng/ml in the control group (P &amp;lt; 0.0001). The 11 cases who were strongly collagen XVIII-positive had significantly higher serum endostatin levels than the cases who were negative or weakly positive (P = 0.0297). The 5-year survival rates of negative, weakly positive, and strongly positive patients were 77.8%, 56.9%, and 43.8%, respectively. The cases with strongly positive collagen XVIII expression had a significantly poorer outcome than cases with negative expression (P = 0.0027). A multivariate analysis with Cox proportional hazards model for disease-specific survival revealed that expression of collagen XVIII (strongly positive versus negative; weakly positive versus negative), tumor classification, and regional lymph node classification were independent prognostic factors. Conclusions: Our results suggest that expression of collagen XVIII in tumor tissue is strongly associated with a poorer outcome in NSCLC and correlates with elevated levels of circulating serum endostatin.
Inhaled clemastine, an H1 antihistamine inhibits airway narrowing caused by aerosols of non-isotonic saline
Authors: LT Rodwell, SD Anderson, JP Seale
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1991)

Asthmatic subjects were challenged with aerosols of hyper- and hypotonic saline 15 min (Group A) and 90 min (Group B) after inhaling clemastine. Measurements were made of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) before and after medication and after challenge. When the FEV1 values (% predicted) were compared on the active and placebo days they were higher 15 min after clemastine (p less than 0.05) for both challenges and higher 90 min after clemastine inhalation (p less than 0.05) for the hypertonic challenge. The % fall in FEV1 was compared after the same concentration of saline aerosol had been given on both active and placebo days. In Group A the % fall in FEV1 on the clemastine day was reduced after challenge with hypertonic (p less than 0.02) and hypotonic (p less than 0.03) aerosol. In Group B there was a reduction in the % fall in FEV1 on the clemastine day only after hypertonic challenge (p less than 0.04). The protective effect afforded by clemastine was unrelated to change in baseline lung function. We conclude that histamine is an important mediator of the airway response to non-isotonic aerosols and suggest that the aerosol route of administration may be useful for delivering antihistamines.
The Hemodynamic Response to Lanatoside C of Dogs with Experimental Aortic-Caval Fistulas
Authors: Oscar W. Shadle, Thomas B. Ferguson, David C. Sabiston, Donald E. Gregg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1957)

Animals 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 anesthetized.Animal 7 trained, unanesthetized; 7a and b data obtained 30 and 60 minutes, respectively, after digitalization.Abbreviations as in Table II.
Inhibition of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation in vivo only slightly suppresses gluconeogenesis but enhances clearance of glucose in mice
Authors: Terry G. J. Derks, Theo H. van Dijk, Aldo Grefhorst, Jan-Peter Rake, Peter G. A. Smit, Folkert Kuipers, Dirk-Jan Reijngoud
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

Mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (mFAO) is considered to be essential for driving gluconeogenesis (GNG) during fasting. However, quantitative in vivo data on de novo synthesis of glucose-6-phosphate upon acute inhibition of mFAO are lacking. We assessed hepatic glucose metabolism in vivo after acute inhibition of mFAO by 30 mg kg−1 2-tetradecylglycidic acid (TDGA) in hypoketotic hypoglycemic male C57BL/6J mice by the infusion of [U-13C]glucose, [2-13C]glycerol, [1-2H]galactose, and paracetamol for 6 hours, which was followed by mass isotopomer distribution analysis in blood glucose and urinary paracetamol-glucuronide. During TDGA treatment, endogenous glucose production was unaffected (127 ± 10 versus 118 ± 7 μmol kg−1 minute−1, control versus TDGA, not significant), but the metabolic clearance rate of glucose was significantly enhanced (15.9 ± 0.9 versus 26.3 ± 1.1 mL kg−1 minute−1, control versus TDGA, P &lt; 0.05). In comparison with control mice, de novo synthesis of glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) was slightly decreased in TDGA-treated mice (108 ± 19 versus 85 ± 6 μmol kg−1 minute−1, control versus TDGA, P &lt; 0.05). Recycling of glucose was decreased upon TDGA treatment (26 ± 14 versus 12 ± 4 μmol kg−1 minute−1, control versus TDGA, P &lt; 0.05). Hepatic messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of genes encoding enzymes involved in de novo G6P synthesis were unaltered, whereas glucose-6-phosphate hydrolase mRNA expressions were increased in TDGA-treated mice. Glucokinase and pyruvate kinase mRNA levels were significantly decreased, whereas pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isozyme 4 expression was increased 30-fold; this suggested decreased glycolytic activity. Conclusion: Acute pharmacological inhibition of mFAO using TDGA had no effect on endogenous glucose production and only a marginal effect on de novo G6P synthesis. Hence, fully active mFAO is not essential for maintenance of hepatic GNG in vivo in fasted mice.(Hepatology 2008.)
Roles of the Metabolic Syndrome, HDL Cholesterol, and Coronary Atherosclerosis in Subclinical Inflammation
Authors: Philipp Rein, Christoph H. Saely, Stefan Beer, Alexander Vonbank, Heinz Drexel
Journal: Diabetes Care (2010)

The metabolic syndrome (MetS) and coronary artery disease (CAD) frequently coincide; their individual contribution to inflammation is unknown.We enrolled 1,010 patients undergoing coronary angiography. Coronary stenoses >or=50% were considered significant. The MetS was defined according to American Heart Association-revised National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria.C-reactive protein (CRP) did not differ between patients with significant CAD and subjects without significant CAD (P = 0.706) but was significantly higher in MetS patients than in those without MetS (P < 0.001). The MetS criteria low HDL cholesterol (P < 0.001), large waist (P < 0.001), high glucose (P < 0.001), and high blood pressure (P = 0.016), but not high triglycerides (P = 0.352), proved associated with CRP. When all MetS traits were considered simultaneously, only low HDL cholesterol proved independently associated with CRP (F = 44.19; P < 0.001).CRP is strongly associated with the MetS but not with coronary atherosclerosis. The association of the MetS with subclinical inflammation is driven by the low HDL cholesterol feature.
Cardiac troponin T in chest pain unit patients without ischemic electrocardiographic changes: angiographic correlates and long-term clinical outcomes
Authors: Christopher R deFilippi, Monica Tocchi, Rohit J Parmar, Salvatore Rosanio, Gerard Abreo, Marjorie A Potter, Marschall S Runge, Barry F Uretsky
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2000)
The Incidence and Risk Factors for Psoriatic Arthritis in Patients With Psoriasis: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Lihi Eder, Amir Haddad, Cheryl F. Rosen, Ker‐Ai Lee, Vinod Chandran, Richard Cook, Dafna D. Gladman
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2015)

Objective To estimate the incidence of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in patients with psoriasis, and to identify risk factors for its development. Methods The study was designed as a prospective cohort study involving psoriasis patients who did not have a diagnosis of arthritis at the time of study enrollment. Information was collected about lifestyle habits, comorbidities, psoriasis activity, and medications. Patients who developed inflammatory arthritis or spondylitis were classified as having PsA if they fulfilled the criteria of the Classification of Psoriatic Arthritis Study group. The annual incidence of PsA was estimated using an event per person‐years analysis. Cox proportional hazards models, involving fixed and time‐dependent explanatory variables, were fitted to obtain estimates of the relative risk (RR) of the onset of PsA, determined in multivariate models stratified by sex and controlled for age at onset of psoriasis. Results The data obtained from the 464 patients who were followed up for 8 years were analyzed. A total of 51 patients developed PsA during the 8 years since enrollment. The annual incidence rate of PsA was 2.7 cases (95% confidence interval 2.1–3.6) per 100 psoriasis patients. The following baseline variables were associated with the development of PsA in multivariate analysis: severe psoriasis (RR 5.4, P = 0.006), low level of education (university/college versus high school incomplete RR 0.22, P = 0.005; high school graduate versus high school incomplete RR 0.30, P = 0.049), and use of retinoid medications (RR 3.4, P = 0.02). In multivariate models with time‐dependent variables, psoriatic nail pitting (RR 2.5, P = 0.002) and uveitis (RR 31.5, P = 0.0002) were associated with the development of PsA. Conclusion The incidence of PsA in patients with psoriasis is higher than previously reported. A severe psoriasis phenotype, presence of nail pitting, low level of education, and uveitis are predictive of the development of PsA in patients with psoriasis.
Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis in HIV positive patients in Eastern Europe
Authors: Frank A. Post, Daniel Grint, Anne Marie Werlinrud, Alexander Panteleev, Vieja Riekstina, Evgeniy A. Malashenkov, Alena Skrahina, Dan Duiculescu, Daria Podlekareva, Igor Karpov, Vasiliy Bondarenko, Nelly Chentsova, Jens Lundgren, Amanda Mocroft, Ole Kirk, Jose M. Miro
Journal: Journal of Infection (2013)
Immunohistochemical Test for MLH1 and MSH2 Expression Predicts Clinical Outcome in Stage II and III Colorectal Cancer Patients
Authors: Giovanni Lanza, Roberta Gafà, Alessandra Santini, Iva Maestri, Laura Guerzoni, Luigi Cavazzini
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

Purpose To evaluate the prognostic significance of DNA mismatch repair (MMR) status in a large series of stage II and III colorectal cancer patients. The relationship among MMR status, adjuvant chemotherapy, and clinical outcome was also investigated. Patients and Methods The study included 718 patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma (393 stage II and 325 stage III) who underwent curative surgical resection. MMR status was determined by immunohistochemical analysis of MLH1 and MSH2 expression. Microsatellite instability (MSI) was assessed in 363 patients using mononucleotide and dinucleotide markers. Results One hundred fourteen (15.9%) carcinomas showed abnormal MMR protein (MMRP) expression (96 MLH1 negative and 18 MSH2 negative) and were classified as MMRP negative, whereas 604 tumors demonstrated normal MLH1/MSH2 immunoreactivity (MMRP positive). MLH1/MSH2 expression was closely related to MSI status (P &lt; .001) and several clinicopathologic features. Patients with MMRP-negative carcinomas demonstrated a marked reduction in the risk of cancer-related death with respect to patients with MMRP-positive tumors (hazard ratio, 0.2579; 95% CI, 0.1289 to 0.5159). A better clinical outcome for patients with MMRP-negative tumors was observed in both stage II (P = .0006) and stage III (P = .0052) disease. In stage III disease, the survival advantage conferred by MMRP-negative tumors was more evident among patients treated with surgery alone than among patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy. A nonsignificant trend for survival benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy was observed among patients with MMRP-positive carcinomas but not among those with MMRP-negative carcinomas. Conclusion Immunohistochemical testing for MLH1/MSH2 expression provides useful prognostic information for the management of stage II and III colorectal cancer patients.