tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P402: Cardiovascular Diseases and Cancer: Is it Possible a Unique Prevention?
Authors: Luigi Palmieri, Chiara Donfrancesco, Silvia Rossi, Fabio Pannozzo, Susanna Busco, Patrizia De Sanctis Caiola, Riccardo Capocaccia, Simona Giampaoli
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and cancer together cause more than 70% of all deaths. Both the pathologies are caused by the interaction of environmental, behavioral and genetic risk factors. For some recognized CVD risk factors (e.g. smoking and obesity) recent studies found a relation also with several cancers. It’s rare to find studies including both CVD and cancer, fatal and non fatal events. Aim: To pool data from CVD longitudinal study and cancer register to investigate possible common risk factors and verify if cardiovascular favourable risk profile is protective also for cancer in order to implement common preventive strategies at population and individual level. Methods: Men and women (ages 20–75 years) data from the Italian Progetto CUORE cohorts and from the Cancer Register implemented in the area of Latina, were pooled. Risk factors were measured and collected using the same standardized procedures and methodologies: body mass index (BMI), diabetes, metabolic syndrome (MS) (ATP-III definition), total and HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, smoking habit, alcohol consumption, educational level. In women, menopausal status and parity were included. Follow-up was conducted until December 2004 for both CVD and cancer, fatal and non fatal events. All Cox regression Hazard Ratios (HR) were adjusted by age, gender, educational level, and study. Results: In 9752 persons (5153 women and 4599 men without cardiovascular events and cancer at baseline) 628 cancer events in men and 531 in women, 504 cardiovascular events in men and 274 in women were identified during a median f-u of 18 years. Smoking resulted significantly associated with cancer risk, also when adjusted by BMI, alcohol, and MS in men (current smokers HR=1.74). In women, MS was positively associated with cancer risk, but not significantly. Persons with favorable risk profile (no smoking, BMI&lt;25 kg/m 2 , Total Cholesterol&lt;200 mg/dl, Blood Pressure&lt;120/80 mmHg, no diabetes) resulted at low risk for all cause, CVD and cancer mortality. Conclusions: There are important common risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and cancers. People with favourable risk profile live longer and cost less to the Heath System. This could be a first step to identify and implement common preventive actions at population and individual level in order to reduce both cardiovascular and cancer diseases.
Enhancement of Tumorigenicity With Morphological Progression in a BALB/c Preneoplastic Outgrowth Line&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: D Medina, F S Kittrell
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1987)

Four newly established mammary hyperplastic outgrowth lines were analyzed for their tumorigenic, morphological, and ovarian hormone-dependent growth properties in BALB/cMed mice. The mammary outgrowth lines were designated DIM-1, DIM-2, DIM-3, and DIM-4 to indicate their origin from the mammary cell line COMMA-D. DIM-1, DIM-2, and DIM-3 were classical hyperplastic alveolar outgrowth lines that possessed high tumor-producing capabilities and rapidly evolved by transplant generation (TG) 6 into ovarian hormone-independent populations. DIM-3 was also characterized by extensive formation of dilated (cystic) alveoli. This characteristic did not correlate either positively or negatively with the tumor-producing capabilities of these lines. DIM-4 was a ductal outgrowth line that exhibited a progression in several biological properties. This line progressed morphologically from a ductal outgrowth to a mixed outgrowth of small ducts (ductules) with scattered alveoli and then in subsequent passages to a uniform alveolar outgrowth. Concurrent with these morphological changes, the tumor-producing capabilities of DIM-4 increased from low [40% with the time for 50% of the transplants to produce mammary tumors (TE50) greater than 12 mo] to high (71% with a TE50 of 7.1 mo). The ductal outgrowth line (TG 4) was totally dependent on ovarian hormones for growth; however, later passages (TG 8) of DIM-4 were only partially ovarian hormone dependent for growth and ovarian hormone independent for maintenance of alveolar morphology. In addition, the tumorigenic response to 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (CAS: 57-97-6) was low in the ductal stage (TG 4) and high in the alveolar stage (TG 7). The results demonstrate an enhancement of tumorigenicity with morphological and biological progression in a preneoplastic mammary cell population and support the hypothesis that the cells at high risk for tumorigenesis in the BALB/c mammary gland appear to be the alveolar cell type.
Predictive factors for recurrent tuberculosis in Iasi County, Romania: Retrospective study 2002-2011
Authors: Violeta Cojocariu, Adriana Sorete Arbore
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background: Iasi County, Romania, registered in the last 15 years high TB rates; 2002 the incidence of relapses was 25.9%000 and decreased to 14.6%000 in 2011.

Aim: to identify predicting factors for TB recurrence in an area with a high incidence of recurrent TB cases.

Method: retrospective study on 2 groups of TB patients: group 1 included 338 new cases with recurrent TB, registered and treated 2002-2011 and group 2 included 8477 new TB cases without recurrence, registered and treated in the same interval.

Results:

Demographic analysis revealed that recurrence was significantly higher in males (P<0.0001), patients from rural area (P<0.001).

Recurrent TB cases had a significant late smear conversion (p=0.0002); there were no differences regarding drug resistance between the 2 groups.

Extensive pulmonary lesions and severe forms of TB were also identified as predicting factors for recurrence (OR 1.8, 95%CI 1.46-2.27).

History of alcoholism was more frequent in group 1(OR 1.72, CI95% 1.17-2.53).

Cases who defaulted the first treatment have significant higher risk for TB recurrence (OR 2.32, 95% CI 1.48-3.65).

Conclusions:

Predictive profile of TB recurrent patients in this Romanian County is: male, from rural area, alcoholic, presenting extended pulmonary lesions with/or severe forms, non-adherent to the first TB treatment.

Drug resistance was not a significant risk factor for recurrence.

The management of new TB cases with such profile has to be adapted using DOT strategy, psychological (quit alcohol) and social support in order to reduce recurrent TB.
Quantitative coronary angiography in clinical practice (developments in cardiovascular medicine, vol 145): Edited by P W Serruys, D P Foley, and P J de Feyter. (Pp 719; 176.) Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1993. ISBN 0-7923-2368-8
Authors: E Boschetti
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1995)

Quantitative coronary angiography in clinical practice (developments in cardiovascular medicine, vol 145): Edited by P W Serruys, D P Foley, and P J de Feyter. (Pp 719; £176.) Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1993. ISBN 0-7923-2368-8 Get access Quantitative Coronary Angiography in Clinical Practice (Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine, Vol 145). Edited by Serruys P W Foley D P de Feyter P J: (Pp 719; £176.) (Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1993). ISBN 0-7923-2368-8. E Boschetti E Boschetti Perugia, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 29, Issue 6, June 1995, Page 879, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6363(95)90120-5 Published: 01 June 1995
Subsets of Oncofetal Antigen-Induced T-Cells: Ability to Mediate Antitumor Immune Response
Authors: S Gautam, S D Deodhar
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1983)

The present study was performed to identify the subsets of oncofetal antigen-induced T-cells that mediate antitumor immune response in mice. In this study, performed on a weakly immunogenic, metastatic tumor, fetal antigen-sensitized spleen cells significantly inhibited the growth and metastases of tumors in Winn neutralization assay. Mixing of spleen cells from tumor-bearing inbred C57BL/6J mice with fetal antigen-sensitized spleen cells completely abolished the tumor inhibitory effect of fetal antigen-sensitized spleen cells. Further characterization of fetal antigen-sensitized spleen cells showed that they were Thy-1+. These findings reveal that tumor-associated fetal antigens on fetal cells can produce a tumor inhibitory T-cell immune response against the growth and metastases of a weakly immunogenic, metastatic tumor. The subset of oncofetal antigen-induced T-cells that mediates antitumor immune response was identified as Lyt-1+ and Lyt-2-. Adoptive transfer of fetal antigen-sensitized spleen cells to mice with preestablished metastases significantly inhibited the lung metastases in these mice, thus making this approach more relevant to a clinical situation in cancer patients.
A prospective, observational study of the effectiveness, safety and impact on quality of life (QoL) of a weekly fixed dose of darbepoetin alfa (DA) for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced anemia (CIA) in patients (pts) with non-myeloid malignancies
Authors: J. R. Mel, A. Salar, C. A. Rodríguez, A. Alegre, A. González, J. Cassinello, J. Montesinos, J. A. Gasquet, J. Sánchez, E. Saigí
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

18588 Background: CIA in cancer pts results in fatigue and reduction of QoL. DA is a unique erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) effective for the treatment of CIA when administered weekly (QW), every 2 weeks (wks, Q2W) or every 3 wks(Q3W).Fixed dosing of DA is routinely used in clinical practice, but little data are available on its patterns of use and effectiveness. Methods: Prospective, observational, multicenter study performed in 30 centres across Spain. Eligible pts: ≥18 yrs, anemic(Hb ≤11 g/dL), with non-myeloid malignancies, and scheduled to receive ≥12 wks of chemotherapy. Data were collected from pts starting treatment with DA 150mcgQW for a maximum of 16 wks (dose to be doubled if Hb increased &lt;1 g/dL after 4 wks). Primary endpoint: hematopoietic response (Hb increase ≥2 g/dL or Hb ≥12 g/dL without transfusions in the previous 28 days). Secondary endpoints include QoL measured by FACT-F score and safety. QoL was evaluated by changes in FACT-F score from baseline to 6 wks (sc0-sc6), 12 wks (sc0 - sc12) and to the end of treatment (EOT) (sc0-sc16). Results: A total of 293 pts were recruited. Most pts were women (56.4%), median age: 64.9 yrs (range: 20.6–88.4), median weight: 67.0 Kg (range: 40.5–115.0) with lymphoproliferative malignancies (44.3%) and solid tumours (55.7%). Stage III/IV: 75.6%. Most (83.7%) pts had baseline Hb between 9–11 g/dL; 16.3% with Hb &lt;9 g/dL. DA was administered for a median of 15.0 wks (range: 1–16). At wk 5, 21% pts had dose doubled to 300 mcg QW. Hematopoietic response: 63.8% (95% CI: 58.1; 69.4). Proportion of pts transfused from wk 5 to EOT: 12%, median: 2 units (range 1–3). DA was well-tolerated with only 6 pts experiencing adverse events considered related to the study drug (thromboembolic events, 3pts (1.03%)). Changes in FACT-F score showed significant improvement in sc0-sc6 (mean difference: −1.73, p = 0.0083), in sc0-sc12 (−1.98, p = 0.0088) and particularly in sc0-sc16 (−3.75, p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: Fixed dose of DA is an effective and well-tolerated treatment for CIA in pts with non-myeloid malignancies. DA significantly improved health-related quality of life in this clinical practice-based study. [Table: see text]
Clinical and histopathologic tumor characteristics in patients with invasive breast carcinoma receiving metformin.
Authors: Nikola Besic, Barbara Gazic, Nika Satej
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

165 Background: Although both diabetes mellitus (DM) and breast carcinoma (BC) are common diseases, the data about histopathology characteristics and extent of disease of these patients in the literature are scarce and conflicting. Metformin may exhibit inhibitory effects on cancer cells by inhibiting mTOR signaling pathway. Our hypothesis was that use of metformin has an impact on slower progression of breast carcinoma in comparison to other types of anti-diabetic drugs. The aim of our retrospective study was to examine if the patients with BC and DM receiving metformin have lower tumor stage in comparison to patients not receiving metformin. Methods: A chart review of 252 patients (mean age 66.6; range 38-93 years) with invasive BC and DM was performed. They were surgically treated at our institute from 2005-2011. Data on clinical and histopathology factors were collected. Statistical analysis of these factors (i.e., comparison of metformin group vs. no metformin group) was performed by contingence tables and non-parametric tests. Results: DM type 1 and DM type 2 was present in 14 and 238 cases, respectively. Altogether 126 patients were on metformin, while 126 were not receiving metformin. Larger proportion of patients on metformin in comparison to patients not receiving metformin was younger than 71 years of age (p&lt;0.05). No statistical difference between the study groups (metformin vs. no metformin) were found in TNM stage (T1: 48% vs. 46%; T2: 36% vs. 28%; T3: 7% vs. 5%; T4: 9% vs. 21%, p=0.071; N0: 51% vs. 50%, N1 49% vs. 50%; M0: 97% vs. 97.5%, M1: 3% vs. 4%, p=0.74, respectively). However, patients on metformin had lower proportion of T3 or T4 tumors than patients who were not receiving metformin (16% vs. 26%; p&lt;0.05). Patients on metformin had lower rate of lobular carcinoma than patients who were not receiving metformin (9.5% vs. 19%; p&lt;0.05). Tumor size, tumor grade, mean number of metastatic lymph nodes, hormone receptor status or HER-2 status did not show any statistical difference between both study groups. Conclusions: Patients with BC and DM on metformin have lower proportion of T3 or T4 tumors and lower proportion of lobular carcinoma in comparison to patients not receiving metformin.
Evolution In Vitro of Stemlines With Minimal Karyotypic Deviations in a Human Heteroploid Cell Line&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: T. R. Chen
 4
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1978)

A comparative karyotypic study of human cell line C32 during 2 years' continuous in vitro growth was presented. All two sublines and four stemlines found in the C32 line had 45 chromosomes with a similar karyotype constitution, except for the subline- or stemline-specific marker chromosomes. The total chromosome length of hypodiploid C32 cells was longer than that of diploid cells. Of A-, C-, and D-group chromosomes involved in the marker chromosome formation, only C-group chromosomes deviated quantitatively from the disomic condition. The two sublines were readily distinguishable by the presence of the subline-specific ring (C32-R subline) or non-ring (C32-r subline) chromosomes. Four stemlines, however, differed only by either a loss of the marker chromosome 7 or an inclusion of a new marker formed by a balanced translocation between the M7 and a member of one of the only three C-group chromosomes remaining in disomic condition. These data strongly suggested the nonrandomness of karyotypic diversification of stemlines in in vitro culture system. Also, each stemline may have predominated a culture by a simple outgrowth without further chromosome modification. Thus abundant cells with an identical karyotype could be found between cultures separated by 2 years' continuous in vitro growth. Such a karyotypic stability of stemline populations was unusual because most heteroploid cell lines in continuous subcultivations often resulted in generation of vast karyotypic varieties within a short period of in vitro growth.
Genetically corrected autologous stem cells engraft, but host immune responses limit their utility in canine alpha-L-iduronidase deficiency.
Authors: Carolyn Lutzko, Stephen Kruth, Anthony C.G. Abrams-Ogg, Kathy Lau, Liheng Li, Brian R. Clark, Christine Ruedy, Shaherose Nanji, Robert Foster, Donald Kohn, Robert Shull, Ian D. Dubé
Journal: Blood (1999)
Age at Menarche and Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Cohort Study Among 27,482 Women
Authors: Liwei Chen, Shanshan Li, Chunyan He, Yeyi Zhu, Germaine M. Buck Louis, Edwina Yeung, Frank B. Hu, Cuilin Zhang
Journal: Diabetes Care (2016)

OBJECTIVE To examine the association between age at menarche and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A prospective cohort study of 42,109 eligible pregnancies from 27,482 women in the Nurses’ Health Study II. RESULTS The adjusted risk ratios for GDM across the age at menarche categories (≤11, 12, 13, and ≥14 years) were 1.34 (95% CI 1.14–1.58), 1.13 (0.97–1.31), 1.11 (0.95–1.29), and 1.00 (referent; P for trend = 0.0005), respectively. Analysis of the mediating effect indicated that 42.1% (P = 0.0007) of the association was mediated through prepregnancy BMI. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggested that earlier menarche was significantly associated with an increased risk of GDM. This association was largely mediated through prepregnancy excessive body adiposity.
艾滋病（一）：——发展中国家的艾滋病毒感染和艾滋病
Authors: Alison, Grant, Kevin, Cock
Journal: BMJ (2002)

发展中国家艾滋病毒感染的流行病学 已知艾滋病 (ＡＩＤＳ)是由两种截然不同的艾滋病毒ＨＩＶ 1和ＨＩＶ 2感染所致。其中 ,ＨＩＶ 1在全球传播较广 ,而ＨＩＶ 2则主要在西非传播。但目前 ,非洲的其他地区、欧洲、美洲及亚洲 (印度 )也有ＨＩＶ 2感染的个案报道 ,但多数ＨＩＶ 2感染者都与西非存在某种流行病学方面的联系。ＨＩＶ 1和ＨＩＶ 2的传播方式在全世界是相同的 ,但各种方式所占比例则因地区而异。在大多数发展中国家 ,异性传播是主要的传播方式 ,母婴传播也远比发达国家常见。同性传播在非洲比较罕见 ,但在东南亚地区和中、南美洲却非常普通。因注射毒品而导致的ＨＩＶ传播在
Adenosine triphosphate–induced oxygen radical production and CD11b up-regulation: Ca++ mobilization and actin reorganization in human eosinophils
Authors: Stefan Dichmann, Marco Idzko, Ulrich Zimpfer, Clemens Hofmann, Davide Ferrari, Werner Luttmann, Christian Virchow, Francesco Di Virgilio, Johannes Norgauer
Journal: Blood (2000)
Sport for all seasons, a new philosophy
Authors: Michael Turner
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2011)

Warm upWe surely need to apply the same stringent rules about informed consent to the postsurgery situation as we do for the preoperative scenario.A 'return to sport' consent form should be mandated for every patient who undergoes sport-related surgery, and the form should clearly identify all the short and long-term risks involved in this course of action.There is ample evidence from the past 5 years alone to highlight the long-term risks associated with meniscal damage and ACL injury. 1-7 I have not recommended a return to sport for any elite athlete who has had an ACL injury in the past 10 years and this is clearly documented in the patient's notes.The fact that I have a low success rate, and that none of these patients has taken the slightest notice of my dire predictions (all of them returned to elite level sport), is hopefully a testament to the universally accepted 'play now-pay later' philosophy and not a refl ection on my poor counselling skills.However, in the same way that a packet of cigarettes should always carry a health warning, I should perhaps add a small caveat-'Any team physician who has a high success rate in this area is likely to lose their job.'
Assessment of serum leptin level in the Egyptian asthmatic patients
Authors: Ramadan Bakr, Ashraf Dawood
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background: Asthma is a problem worldwide, with an estimated 300 million affected individuals. Obesity and asthma are both chronic conditions affecting millions worldwide.

Aim: To assess serum leptin levels in obese and non- obese patients with bronchial asthma.

Methods: This study was performed on 120 asthmatic patients, 60 patients (50%) were obese and 60 patients (50%) were non- obese according to BMI. According to the GINA guidelines, they were classified into; mild, moderate, severe and very severe asthma. Serum leptin level measurement for all patients was done after 8 hours fasting, by ELISA technique.

Results: Serum leptin level showed a significant increase in serum of obese asthmatics (23.2 ± 3.8) than non- obese asthmatics (7.9 ± 3.1). There was a highly significant increase in serum leptin level in obese asthmatic females than in non-obese asthmatic females with the same degree of asthma (p <0.001), and in obese asthmatic males than in non-obese asthmatic males with the same degree of asthma (p <0.001). Also, there was a highly significant increase in serum leptin level in obese asthmatic females than obese asthmatic males with the same degree of asthma (p <0.001) and in non-obese asthmatic females than non-obese asthmatic males with the same degree of asthma (p <0.001). The results of this study showed a significant positive correlation between serum leptin level and grades of asthma as well as a significant negative correlation between serum leptin level and FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC (p <0.001).

Conclusions: The high serum leptin level in asthmatic patients is related to, and affected by; the high BMI, female gender and degree of asthma severity.

Key words: serum leptin, bronchial asthma, obesity.
Patterns of robotic prostatectomy advertising on the Internet: Quality of the information available to U.S. consumers through the use of Google, Yahoo, Bing, and YouTube.
Authors: J. Hajdenberg, D. Landau
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e16538 Background: Despite unclear benefits over radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP), robotic prostatectomy (RoP) has become a commonly chosen surgery for prostate cancer. A reason for this could be marketing efforts, including those on the Internet. We analyzed the content and form of websites through common search engines. Methods: We analyzed the contents of the first 5 pages of unsponsored results using Google, Yahoo, and Bing, and the search terms “Da Vinci, Prostate Surgery” and “Prostate Cancer Surgery Center.” YouTube, was searched for information on video advertising. Pages were studied for: other surgical techniques offered surgical risks, physician promotion, and patient testimony. Web page appeal was scored on text/graphics vs. Flash animation and video. Results: Of 147 hits, 90 (N) were for centers performing RoP. Physician promotion was offered in two ways: vague terms (i.e. “we have a top physician”) or with specific information including publications and a CV. With the broader “Prostate Cancer Surgery Center” search 67 centers performing prostatectomy were identified. 40 of them (60%) were exclusively robotic centers. 30/40 (75%) were the centers identified on the initial search. The remainder 40% were centers offering other surgeries, including RRP. On YouTube, of 100 results, 64 (64%) were videos of surgery or patient testimony. Of those, 49/64 (77%) were videos provided by/linking to the robotic institutions. Conclusions: Information available on the Internet is biased toward RoP. Web sites advertising RoP are more appealing that those that do not specifically advertise robotic procedures. N = 90 Other surgeries offered Vague physician promotion Specific physician promotion Patient testimony Surgical risks disclaimer Website appeal* RC: 56 4/56 (7%) 30/56 (54%) 5/56 (9%) 19/56 (34%) 56/56 (100%) +++ CCC: 9 9/9 (100%) 0/9 (0%) 6/9 (67%) 2/9 (22%) 9/9 (100%) ++ GH: 25 18/25 (72%) 8/25 (32%) 4/25 (16%) 4/25 (16%) 20/25 (80%) + Abbreviations: RC, dedicated robotic practices; CCC, comprehensive cancer center; GH: General Hospital systems.* +++ had the most appeal, + the least. For scores, greater than 50% of the pages had to have that level of appeal. No significant financial relationships to disclose.