tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A STUDY OF THE NEUROTROPIC TENDENCY IN STRAINS OF THE VIRUS OF EPIDEMIC INFLUENZA
Authors: Thomas Francis, Alice E. Moore
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1940)

The demonstration by Stuart-Harris that the W.S. strain of epidemic influenza virus can induce a fatal nervous disease in mice has been confirmed. In contrast, however, no previous period of adaptation to chick embryonic brain was required. By serial brain to brain passages in mice originally inoculated with the virus cultivated in the usual chick embryo culture medium a fatal disease, essentially meningeal in character, is produced. The Melbourne strain has been similarly enhanced while other strains have failed to reveal any neurotropic tendencies. The evidence indicates that the neurotropic characteristic is present in the two strains as an inherent quality which is quantitatively heightened and does not represent the acquisition of a property not previously present.
Eruptive acne vulgaris with infectious mononucleosis
Authors: T. Jansen, R. Romiti, S. Woitalla, G. Plewig
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Journal Article Eruptive acne vulgaris with infectious mononucleosis Get access T. Jansen, T. Jansen Departments of Dermatology and Allergology, Ruhr‐University Bochum, Gudrunstrasse 56, D‐4479 Bochum, Germany *Department of Dermatology, Ludwig‐Maximilians‐University of Munich, Frauenlobstrasse 9–11, D‐80337 Munich, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Romiti, R. Romiti Departments of Dermatology and Allergology, Ruhr‐University Bochum, Gudrunstrasse 56, D‐4479 Bochum, Germany *Department of Dermatology, Ludwig‐Maximilians‐University of Munich, Frauenlobstrasse 9–11, D‐80337 Munich, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Woitalla, S. Woitalla Departments of Dermatology and Allergology, Ruhr‐University Bochum, Gudrunstrasse 56, D‐4479 Bochum, Germany *Department of Dermatology, Ludwig‐Maximilians‐University of Munich, Frauenlobstrasse 9–11, D‐80337 Munich, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Plewig G. Plewig Departments of Dermatology and Allergology, Ruhr‐University Bochum, Gudrunstrasse 56, D‐4479 Bochum, Germany *Department of Dermatology, Ludwig‐Maximilians‐University of Munich, Frauenlobstrasse 9–11, D‐80337 Munich, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 142, Issue 4, 1 April 2000, Pages 837–838, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03451.x Published: 01 April 2000
Low-dose Systemic Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors Amplify the Pulmonary Vasodilatory Response to Inhaled Prostacyclin in Experimental Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: RALPH THEO SCHERMULY, HOSSEIN ARDESCHIR GHOFRANI, BEATE ENKE, NORBERT WEISSMANN, FRIEDRICH GRIMMINGER, WERNER SEEGER, CHRISTIAN SCHUDT, DIETER WALMRATH
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1999)

Inhalation of aerosolized prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) causes selective pulmonary vasodilation, but the effect rapidly levels off after termination of nebulization. In experimental pulmonary hypertension in intact rabbits, provoked by continuous infusion of the stable thromboxane mimetic U46619, the impact of intravenous phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors on pulmonary and systemic hemodynamics was investigated in the absence and the presence of aerosolized PGI2. We employed the monoselective inhibitors motapizone (PDE 3), rolipram (PDE 4), and zaprinast (PDE 5), as well as the dual-selective blockers zardaverine and tolafentrine (both PDE 3/4). All PDE inhibitors dose-dependently reduced the pulmonary artery pressure (Ppa), with doses for an ∼ 20% decrease in pulmonary vascular resistance being 5 μ g/kg for motapizone, 25 μ g/kg for rolipram, 500 μ g/kg for zardaverine, 1 mg/kg for zaprinast, and 1 mg/kg for tolafentrine. Additive efficacy was noted when combining the monoselective 3 plus 4, 3 plus 5, and 4 plus 5 inhibitors. In parallel with the pulmonary vasorelaxant effect, all PDE inhibitors caused a decrease in systemic arterial pressure and an increase in cardiac output. Nebulized PGI2 (56 ng/kg · min) reduced the U46619-evoked increase in Ppa by ∼ 30%. This vasorelaxant effect was fully lost within 10 min after termination of PGI2 nebulization. Coapplication of subthreshold doses of intravenous PDE inhibitors, which per se did not affect pulmonary and systemic hemodynamics, resulted in a marked prolongation of the post-PGI2 decrease in Ppa for all blockers (motapizone at 2.2 μ g/kg, rolipram at 5.5 μ g/kg, zaprinast at 100 μ g/kg). The most effective agents, zardaverine (50 μ g/kg) and tolafentrine (100 μ g/kg), augmented the maximum Ppa drop during nebulization by ∼ 30–50% and prolonged the post-PGI2 pulmonary vasodilation to > 30 min, without affecting systemic arterial pressure and arterial oxygenation. We conclude that subthreshold systemic doses of monoselective PDE 3, 4, and 5 inhibitors and in particular dual-selective PDE 3/4 inhibitors cause significant amplification of the pulmonary vasodilatory response to inhaled PGI2, while limiting the hypotensive effect to the pulmonary circulation. Combining nebulized PGI2 with low-dose systemic PDE inhibitors may thus offer a therapeutic strategy to achieve selective pulmonary vasodilation in acute and chronic pulmonary hypertension. Schermuly RT, Ghofrani HA, Enke B, Weissmann N, Grimminger F, Seeger W, Schudt C, Walmrath D. Low-dose systemic phosphodiesterase inhibitors amplify the pulmonary vasodilatory response to inhaled prostacyclin in experimental pulmonary hypertension.
The Role of Endotoxin and Endotoxin Immune Responses in End Stage Renal Disease and Hemodialysis
Authors: V.A. Beloglazov, A.V. Klimchuck, A.I. Gordienko, A.I. Bakova, I.V. DuBuske, L.M. DuBuske
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
Manager who took settlement after being "exhausted" fighting his dismissal describes "bullying" NHS culture
Authors: A. O'Dowd
Journal: BMJ (2013)

An NHS manager accepted a £225 000 (€265 000; $340 000) settlement as part of a compromise agreement to leave a hospital trust after prolonged “bullying” from his health authority, MPs have heard.

Gary Walker was sacked in 2010 from his job as chief executive of United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust for gross professional misconduct over alleged swearing at a meeting. However, he claims he was forced to quit for refusing to meet government targets on waiting times and was prevented from speaking out.

MPs on the parliamentary health select committee, as part of their inquiry into the report of the Mid-Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust public inquiry,1 quizzed Walker about his experiences of NHS culture.

Walker said that he joined the …
The Election of Direct Representatives to the General Medical Council
Authors: R. Howard
Journal: BMJ (1896)

probable that the parasites of the group leishmania will develop'to a certain extent in the intestines of many insects, provided that they find there a suitable pabulum rich in blood.The development I have described of leishmania tropica in stegomyia fasciata, and that of leishmania donovani in anopheles by Professor Franchini, may be of this nature, and only, so to speak, accidental, owing to the rich nutrient fluid taken up with the parasites by these blood- sucking flies.I failed to infect myself with oriental sore by means of the bites of stegomyia fasciata previously fed on oriental sore, so I have no evidence that the development in the mosquito is a natural one.Conclusions can only be drawn when we know, not only that the leishmania develops into flagellates and other forms in any insect's gut, but that this insect also is able to transmit the infection to healthy animals as a result of transmission experiments.I am, Sir, yours faithfully,
Improved base calling for the Illumina Genome Analyzer using machine learning strategies
Authors: Martin Kircher, Udo Stenzel, Janet Kelso
Journal: Genome biology (2009)

Abstract The Illumina Genome Analyzer generates millions of short sequencing reads. We present Ibis (Improved base identification system), an accurate, fast and easy-to-use base caller that significantly reduces the error rate and increases the output of usable reads. Ibis is faster and more robust with respect to chemistry and technology than other publicly available packages. Ibis is freely available under the GPL from http://bioinf.eva.mpg.de/Ibis/ .
Lower Vital Capacity Is Associated With Diabetes but Not With Metabolic Syndrome in Nonobese Japanese Men
Authors: Eiji Oda, Ryu Kawai
Journal: Diabetes Care (2009)

We appreciate the comment on our observation by Nakajima and Saito (1). They suggested that low percentage vital capacity (%VC), which commonly reflects restrictive lung, in nonobese men might be associated with the characteristics of metabolically obese but normal-weight individuals (2). We partially agree with them. However, when we examined men with BMI <23 kg/m2, excluding current smokers, the frequency of diabetes was higher but the frequency of metabolic syndrome (MetS) was lower in subjects …
Identification of the gene responsible for methylmalonic aciduria and homocystinuria, cblC type
Authors: Jordan P Lerner-Ellis, Jamie C Tirone, Peter D Pawelek, Carole Doré, Janet L Atkinson, David Watkins, Chantal F Morel, T Mary Fujiwara, Emily Moras, Angela R Hosack, Gail V Dunbar, Hana Antonicka, Vince Forgetta, C Melissa Dobson, Daniel Leclerc, Roy A Gravel, Eric A Shoubridge, James W Coulton, Pierre Lepage, Johanna M Rommens, Kenneth Morgan, David S Rosenblatt
Journal: Nature Genetics (2005)
Effect of food on H2-receptor blockade in normal subjects and duodenal ulcer patients.
Authors: H S Merki, F Halter, C Wilder-Smith, P Allemann, L Witzel, M Kempf, J Roehmel, R P Walt
Journal: Gut (1990)

Two separate studies of 24 hour intragastric acidity were carried out in normal volunteers and duodenal ulcer patients to define the interaction of food and the antisecretory effects of H2-receptor blockers. Both investigations were double blind randomised comparisons using ranitidine 300 mg with either different meal times or ad libitum snacks after an evening meal. Meals taken after drug administration nearly abolished measurable antisectory effects. Median 24 hour pH was 1.3 on placebo, 2.6 when ranitidine was administered after the evening meal and 1.9 when administered before the evening meal. Snacks taken after evening dosing with ranitidine also significantly decreased pharmacodynamic efficacy. During placebo, median night-time pH was 1.3 without snacks and 1.4 with snacks. pH rose to 5.9 during ranitidine treatment when snacks were forbidden but was only 3.1 when snacks were allowed. These findings could be of therapeutic importance and should rationalise dietary advise to patients receiving H2 blockers. The timing of drug administration can be adjusted according to individual life styles.
The multitude of molecular analyses in cancer: the opening of Pandora’s box
Authors: Hege G Russnes, Per E Lønning, Anne-Lise Børresen-Dale, Ole C Lingjærde
Journal: Genome biology (2014)

The availability of large amounts of molecular data of unprecedented depth and width has instigated new paths of interdisciplinary activity in cancer research. Translation of such information to allow its optimal use in cancer therapy will require molecular biologists to embrace statistical and computational concepts and models. Progress in science has been and should be driven by our innate curiosity. This is the human quality that led Pandora to open the forbidden box, and like her, we do not know the nature or consequences of the output resulting from our actions. Throughout history, ground-breaking scientific achievements have been closely linked to advances in technology. The microscope and the telescope are examples of inventions that profoundly increased the amount of observable features that further led to paradigmatic shifts in our understanding of life and the Universe. In cell biology, the microscope revealed details of different types of tissue and their cellular composition; it revealed cells, their structures and their ability to divide, develop and die. Further, the molecular compositions of individual cell types were revealed gradually by generations of scientists. For each level of insight gained, new mathematical and statistical descriptive and analytical tools were needed (Figure 1a). The integration of knowledge of ever-increasing depth and width in order to develop useful therapies that can prevent and cure diseases such as cancer will continue to require the joint effort of scientists in biology, medicine, statistics, mathematics and computation. Here, we discuss some major challenges that lie ahead of us and why we believe that a deeper integration of biology and medicine with mathematics and statistics is required to gain the most from the diverse and extensive body of data now being generated. We also argue that to take full advantage of current technological opportunities, we must explore biomarkers using clinical studies that are optimally designed for this purpose. The need for a tight interdisciplinary collaboration has never been stronger.
Imatinib Mesylate as a Preoperative Therapy in Dermatofibrosarcoma: Results of a Multicenter Phase II Study on 25 Patients
Authors: Delphine Kérob, Raphael Porcher, Olivier Vérola, Stephane Dalle, Eve Maubec, François Aubin, Michel D'Incan, Isaak Bodokh, Serge Boulinguez, Isabelle Madelaine-Chambrin, Anne Mathieu-Boue, Jean-Marie Servant, Eric de Kerviler, Anne Janin, Fabien Calvo, Florence Pedeutour, Celeste Lebbe
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

The treatment of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) involves wide local excision with frequent need for reconstructive surgery. A t(17;22) translocation resulting in COL1A1-PDGFB fusion is present in >95% of cases. Certain patient observations and a report on nine patients suggest that imatinib mesylate, targeting platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta, has clinical potential in DFSP. The primary aim of this phase II multicenter study was to define the percentage of clinical responders (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors) to a 2-month preoperative daily administration of 600 mg of imatinib mesylate before wide local excision. The secondary aims were to determine tolerance, objective response from imaging results (ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging), and pathologic responses observed in sequential tissue specimens.A two-stage flexible design was used with interim analysis after the recruitment of six patients. Twenty-five adults suffering from primary or recurrent DFSP were included from July 2004 to May 2006.The COL1A1-PDGFB fusion gene was detected in 21 out of 25 patients following fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis (two cases were noninformative). A clinical response was achieved in nine (36%) patients (95% confidence interval, 18.9-57.5). The median relative tumoral decrease was 20.0% (range, -12.5 to 100). Apart from expected grade 1 or 2 side effects, we observed one grade 3 neutropenia, one grade 3 maculopapular rash, and one grade 4 transient transaminitis.Our results support the use of imatinib in a neoadjuvant setting in nonresectable DFSP, or when surgery is difficult or mutilating. These results will be useful for setting hypotheses in the evaluation of new drugs to treat primary or secondary resistance to imatinib.
ATLAS: Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase IIIB Trial Comparing Bevacizumab Therapy With or Without Erlotinib, After Completion of Chemotherapy, With Bevacizumab for First-Line Treatment of Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Bruce E. Johnson, Fairooz Kabbinavar, Louis Fehrenbacher, John Hainsworth, Saifuddin Kasubhai, Bruce Kressel, Chin-Yu Lin, Thomas Marsland, Taral Patel, Jonathan Polikoff, Mark Rubin, Leonard White, James Chih-Hsin Yang, Chris Bowden, Vincent Miller
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

This phase III trial was performed to assess the potential benefit of adding maintenance erlotinib to bevacizumab after a first-line chemotherapy regimen with bevacizumab for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).One thousand one hundred forty-five patients with histologically or cytologically confirmed NSCLC (stage IIIB with malignant pleural effusion, stage IV, or recurrent) received four cycles of chemotherapy plus bevacizumab. Seven hundred forty-three patients without disease progression or significant toxicity were then randomly assigned (1:1) to bevacizumab (15 mg/kg, day 1, 21-day cycle) plus either placebo or erlotinib (150 mg per day). The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS).Median PFS from time of random assignment was 3.7 months with bevacizumab/placebo and 4.8 months with bevacizumab/erlotinib (hazard ratio [HR], 0.71; 95% CI, 0.58 to 0.86; P < .001). Median overall survival (OS) times from random assignment were 13.3 and 14.4 months with bevacizumab/placebo and bevacizumab/erlotinib, respectively (HR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.70 to 1.21; P = .5341). During the postchemotherapy phase, there were more adverse events (AEs) overall, more grade 3 and 4 AEs (mainly rash and diarrhea), more serious AEs, and more AEs leading to erlotinib/placebo discontinuation in the bevacizumab/erlotinib arm versus the bevacizumab/placebo arm. The incidence of AEs leading to bevacizumab discontinuation was similar in both treatment arms.The addition of erlotinib to bevacizumab significantly improved PFS but not OS. Although generally well tolerated, the modest impact on survival and increased toxicity associated with the addition of erlotinib to bevacizumab maintenance mean that this two-drug maintenance regimen will not lead to a new postchemotherapy standard of care.
Evidence for a Prolonged Biological Half-Life of Na <sup>22</sup> in Patients with Hypertension
Authors: LEWIS K. DAHL, MALCOLM G. SMILAY, LAWRENCE SILVER, SANFORD SPRARAGEN
Journal: Circulation Research (1962)

The biological half-life of Na 22 was found to be significantly longer ( p &lt;0.01) in seven hypertensive adults than in eight normotensive adults on equivalent NaCl intakes. Calculations based on approximations of leanbody mass suggest that the hypertensive subjects may have a larger sodium pool to explain this disparity.
Anticardiolipin antibodies, functional protein S deficiency, and fetal loss
Authors: A. Ruffatti, L. Dilenardo, P. Simioni, S. Tonetto, A. Girolami, P. Grella, S. Todesco
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1995)

brain was unremarkable.The CSF was clear and contained 320 WBC/mm3 (lymphocytes and plasma cells).The CSF total protein was 110 mg/dl (normal up to 40) with IgG 30 mgidl (normal up to 0.86 mgidl), IgA and IgM were < 1 .O mgidl (in normal values), the glucose level was 50 mgidl (normal 40-70).Gram's stain, cryptococcal antigen and cultures for bacteria, mycobacterium tuberculosis, and fungi were negative.A test for herpes simplex virus (HSV) antibodies showed a 1:64 titre in peripheral blood and 1:8 in CSF.Direct immunofluorescence stains of cytocentrifugated slides demonstrated that the CSF plasma cells were strongly positive for cytoplasmatic IgG heavy and kappa light chains (Fig. 1).Since immediate follow-up showed a clinical improvement, no treatment was given and a month later the patient recovered completely.The repeated analysis of blood and CSF both showed an increase of titres to HSV to 1:512.No cells were found in the CSF.During the next 18 months the patient remained in partial remission of the MM with no evidence of CNS symptoms.We report a case of HSV meningoencephalitis in a myeloma patient which simulated meningeal myeloma.The leptomeningeal involvement in MM is a rare complication characterized by the presence of CSF pleocytosis composed of myeloma cells and monoclonal protein band identical with that in the serum.Only 33 cases have been reported and four additional cases were diagnosed only at autopsy [ 1,2].The disease is fatal within I to 5 months, despite systemic and intrathecal chemotherapy and/or radiation
Increased bone mineral content and bone size in the femoral neck of men with hip osteoarthritis
Authors: J P A Arokoski
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2002)

Objectives: Even though clinical findings support the idea that hip osteoarthritis (OA) is associated with increased bone mineral density (BMD), the subject remains controversial. This study was therefore initiated to investigate the relation between the severity of hip OA and femoral and calcaneal BMD. Methods: On the basis of the American College of Rheumatology criteria on classification of OA of the hip, 27 men (aged 47–64 years) with unilateral or bilateral hip OA and 30 age matched randomly selected healthy men were studied. Plain radiographs were graded using Li9s scale from 0 (no OA) to 4 (severe OA). According to the side of the highest radiographic score from the patients with clinical hip OA, 29.6% had grade 1, 29.6% grade 2, and 40.8% grade 3 OA. Bone mineral content (BMC), areal BMD (BMD<sub>areal</sub>), and bone dimensions (area and width) were measured by dual <i>x</i> ray absorptiometry at the proximal femur. BMD<sub>areal</sub> of the calcaneus was measured from the central area of the bone. Volumetric measurements from magnetic resonance images of the femoral neck were used to create a BMD measure that was corrected for the femoral neck volume (BMD<sub>mri</sub>). Results: There were no differences in weight, or body mass index between the study groups. There were no significant BMD<sub>areal</sub> differences in any of the subregions of the proximal femur (femoral neck and trochanter) or calcaneus between the OA and control groups. Neither did the BMD<sub>mri</sub> of the femoral neck differ between the groups. However, the BMC of the femoral neck was 18% higher (p&lt;0.01) in patients with OA than in controls. Similarly femoral neck bone width and volume were 9% and 18% respectively higher (p&lt;0.001) in patients with OA. Conclusions: The results suggest that men with hip OA have larger femoral neck size and consequently higher BMC than healthy controls matched for age and sex. There is no significant difference in femoral neck BMD (BMD<sub>areal</sub> or BMD<sub>mri</sub>) between the groups. Furthermore, increased BMD<sub>areal</sub> was not found in the peripheral skeleton. These findings suggest that hip OA is not associated with an increase in BMD<sub>areal</sub> in the femoral neck. However, the increase in BMC and bone size in patients with hip OA may play a part in the pathogenesis of the disease.