tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Gold Nanoparticles Doped with <sup>199</sup>Au Atoms and Their Use for Targeted Cancer Imaging by SPECT
Authors: Yongfeng Zhao, Bo Pang, Hannah Luehmann, Lisa Detering, Xuan Yang, Deborah Sultan, Scott Harpstrite, Vijay Sharma, Cathy S. Cutler, Younan Xia, Yongjian Liu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2016)

Gold nanoparticles have been labeled with various radionuclides and extensively explored for single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in the context of cancer diagnosis. The stability of most radiolabels, however, still needs to be improved for accurate detection of cancer biomarkers and thereby monitoring of tumor progression and metastasis. Here, the first synthesis of Au nanoparticles doped with (199)Au atoms for targeted SPECT tumor imaging in a mouse triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) model is reported. By directly incorporating (199)Au atoms into the crystal lattice of each Au nanoparticle, the stability of the radiolabel can be ensured. The synthetic procedure also allows for a precise control over both the radiochemistry and particle size. When conjugated with D-Ala1-peptide T-amide, the Au nanoparticles doped with (199)Au atoms can serve as a C-C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5)-targeted nanoprobe for the sensitive and specific detection of both TNBC and its metastasis in a mouse tumor model.
Brief Communication: Xeroderma Pigmentosum Long-Term Lymphoid Lines With Increased Ultraviolet Sensitivity
Authors: Alan D. Andrews, Jay H. Robbins, Kenneth H. Kraemer, Donald N. Buell
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Journal Article Brief Communication: Xeroderma Pigmentosum Long-Term Lymphoid Lines With Increased Ultraviolet Sensitivity Get access Alan D. Andrews, M.D., Alan D. Andrews, M.D. 2Dermatology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service, V.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Bethesda, Md. 20014. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jay H. Robbins, M.D., Jay H. Robbins, M.D. 2Dermatology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service, V.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Bethesda, Md. 20014. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Kenneth H. Kraemer, M.D., Kenneth H. Kraemer, M.D. 2Dermatology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service, V.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Bethesda, Md. 20014. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Donald N. Buell, M.D. Donald N. Buell, M.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 53, Issue 3, September 1974, Pages 691–693, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/53.3.691 Published: 01 September 1974 Article history Received: 24 May 1974 Accepted: 31 May 1974 Published: 01 September 1974
Final results of a phase II multicenter study of neoadjuvant S-1 and irinotecan in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer.
Authors: Masanori Terashima, Zenichiro Saze, Ryo Hosotani, Masahiro Takahashi, Akinori Takagane, Osamu Hachiya, Keisuke Koeda, Shigeyuki Matsui, Norimasa Fukushima, Hitoshi Kawasaki, Mitsukazu Gotoh, Masanori Fukushima
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

65 Background: Combination chemotherapy involving S-1 and irinotecan (IRI-S) has failed to demonstrate a survival benefit over S-1 alone in metastatic gastric cancer. However, the tumor response rate was significantly higher with I-RIS. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of I-RIS as neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced gastric cancer. Methods: Patients with locally advanced gastric adenocarcinoma, T3-4, N0-3, M0, for whom curative surgery was planned after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, PS 0-1, with adequate organ function were enrolled in this study. Patients received irinotecan 80 mg/m 2 on days 1 and 15 and oral S-1 80 mg/m 2 /day on days 1 to 21. Treatment was repeated every 28 days for 2 courses. Patients then underwent gastrectomy with lymphadenectomy. After surgery, patients resumed treatment with S-1 alone for 1 year. Results: Of the 39 patients enrolled, 37 were eligible. Two cycles of chemotherapy were completed in 34 patients, and surgery was performed in 33 patients. Of 27 RECIST-evaluable patients, 16 (59%) had a partial response and 9 (33%) had stable disease. Major grade 3 toxicities were neutropenia in 6, anorexia in 4, nausea in 3, diarrhea in 2, and fatigue in 2. Resection was performed in 32 (86%) patients and R0 resection was possible in 20 (54%) patients. The reason for R1/R2 were cy+ in 6, M1(LYM) in 5, M1(PER) in 4, M1(HEP) in 1 and PM+ in 2. Postoperative complications were observed in 13 (39%) patients. There were no treatment-related deaths. Pathological response was observed in 13 of 32 patients (41%); 2 patients had pathological CR. Median survival time was 15.9M and median progression-free survival (PFS) was 5.9M. Overall survival and PFS were significantly better in patients underwent R0 resection (p &lt; 0.0001). Neither objective tumor response nor pathologic response predicted the survival. Conclusions: These results show that neoadjuvant S-1 and irinotecan combination chemotherapy was active and feasible for treating locally advanced gastric cancer. R0 resection is essential to achieve long-term survival. Therefore, careful diagnosis with staging laparoscopy before surgery is mandatory to avoid non-curative operation. Clinical trial information: NCT00134095.
Ultrathin Injectable Sensors of Temperature, Thermal Conductivity, and Heat Capacity for Cardiac Ablation Monitoring
Authors: Ahyeon Koh, Sarah R. Gutbrod, Jason D. Meyers, Chaofeng Lu, Richard Chad Webb, Gunchul Shin, Yuhang Li, Seung‐Kyun Kang, Yonggang Huang, Igor R. Efimov, John A. Rogers
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2015)

Knowledge of the distributions of temperature in cardiac tissue during and after ablation is important in advancing a basic understanding of this process, and for improving its efficacy in treating arrhythmias. Technologies that enable real-time temperature detection and thermal characterization in the transmural direction can help to predict the depths and sizes of lesion that form. Herein, materials and designs for an injectable device platform that supports precision sensors of temperature and thermal transport properties distributed along the length of an ultrathin and flexible needle-type polymer substrate are introduced. The resulting system can insert into the myocardial tissue, in a minimally invasive manner, to monitor both radiofrequency ablation and cryoablation, in a manner that has no measurable effects on the natural mechanical motions of the heart. The measurement results exhibit excellent agreement with thermal simulations, thereby providing improved insights into lesion transmurality.
Radiotherapy alone versus radiotherapy plus concomitant and post-radiotherapy temozolomide in newly diagnosed anaplastic astrocytoma
Authors: H. A. Elghazaly, S. A. Abdelkhalek
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

12523 Background: Malignant gliomas (glioblastoma multiforme and anaplastic astrocytoma) occur more frequently than other types of primary central nervous system tumors, having a combined incidence of 5–8/100,000 population. Even with aggressive treatment using surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, median reported survival is less than 1 year. Temozolomide, a new drug, has shown promise in treating malignant gliomas. in this study we evaluate the value of adding temozolomide concomitantly with radiotherapy and for 6 cycles after in newly diagnosed anaplastic astrocytoma over radiotherapy alone. Methods: patients with newly diagnosed , histologically confirmed anaplastic astrocytoma were randomly assigned to receive, group A radiation therapy alone ( localized irradiation 60 Gy, fractionated 2 Gy / fraction, 5 fractions / week for 6 weeks) orgroup B radiation therapy alone ( localized irradiation 60 Gy, fractionated 2 Gy / fraction, 5 fractions / week for 6 weeks) plus temozolomide 200 mg per square meter daily for 5 days orally from the 1 st day of radiotherapy to be repeated every 28 days for a total of 8 cycles ( 2 during radiotherapy and 6 after). The primary end point were overall survival and safety. Results: A total of 70 patients were randomized , with 35 in each treatment group. Median age was 41 years in group A and 43 years in group B. Surgical resection was complete in 5 % patients,partial resection in 88 % and stereotactic biopsy in 7% patients. In the temozolomide group median survival was 16.7 months and it was only 11.3 months in the radiotherapy alone group. Temozolomide was also associated with a high response rate 62%(CR 8.5% and PR 54.2 %) versus 37% in radiotherapy alone group with minimal additinal toxicity in the temozolomide arm. Conclusions: This randomized phase II trial suggest that temozolomid is effective and add statistically significant survival benefit over radiotherapy alone in newly diagnosed anaplastic astrocytoma with minimal toxicity. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Phase I trial and pharmacokinetic studies of alpha-difluoromethylornithine--an inhibitor of polyamine biosynthesis.
Authors: M D Abeloff, M Slavik, G D Luk, C A Griffin, J Hermann, O Blanc, A Sjoerdsma, S B Baylin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1984)

alpha-Difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), an enzyme-activated, irreversible inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase, blocks polyamine biosynthesis and has antitumor effects in animal tumor models as well as in athymic mice implanted with human small cell carcinoma. This study was designed to determine the maximally tolerated dose of oral DFMO administered every six hours for 28 days to patients with advanced solid tumors or lymphomas. DFMO levels were measured using an ion exchange chromatographic assay and pharmacokinetic studies were performed in patients treated at each dose level. Twenty-two patients received 24 courses of DFMO. The drug was generally well tolerated. Thrombocytopenia was the dose-limiting toxicity and gastrointestinal side effects were also seen. Thrombocytopenia developed in 11 of 16 patients who had received prior chemotherapy but the four patients who had no prior chemotherapy had no decrease in the platelet count. The steady state level of DFMO achieved at the highest dose (3 g/m2) were found to be within the range needed for inhibition of ornithine decarboxylase in cell-culture systems as well as for the inhibitory activity against various human tumors in vitro. A DFMO dose of 2.25 g/m2 every six hours is recommended for phase II studies in patients previously treated with cytotoxic drugs.
Abstract 253: Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Without Return of Spontaneous Circulation in the Field: Who Are the Survivors?
Authors: Yan Xiong, Ngozi Okoro, Denise Mitchell, Megan Dwyer, Auna Leatham, Gilberto Salazar, Ahamed H Idris
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Prompt high quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation is vital for survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in the field is one of the most important factors contributing to survival and neurological outcomes following OHCA. Objectives: To describe characteristics of patients with OHCA treated on scene and transported to hospitals in the Dallas-Fort Worth (DFW)Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium (ROC) site, and compare survivors who did and did not have ROSC in the field. Methods: We included OHCA cases ≥18 years old treated and transported to a hospital within the DFW ROC site between 2006 through 2011.We report mean age, sex, EMS witnessed arrest, bystander/EMS shock, response time, attempted cardiopulmonary resuscitation, presenting initial rhythm, survival to hospital discharge for survivors with and without ROSC in the field, as well as for those who met criteria for termination of resuscitation. Results: Included in the study are 5493 OHCA c...
Analysis of a United States observational registry of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) patients (pts): reGISTry
Authors: C. Blanke, P. W. Pisters, J. C. Trent, M. von Mehren, E. Levine, R. Ruxer, M. Earley, S. N. Hochwald, L. T. McWhorter, D. Williams
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

20508 Background: Most data on treatment of GIST pts were derived from clinical studies, reflecting practice at academic referral centers. The reGISTry, an observational, internet-based database initiated in 2004, was designed to characterize evolving patterns of care for pts with GIST in both community and university practice settings. It also provides site feedback to allow comparison of site management practices to the aggregate reGISTry data. Methods: Physicians may serially enter data on any enrolled pt with confirmed GIST. Pts must give written informed consent. Collected data include pt demographics, clinical characteristics, clinical/economic outcomes and therapy provided for GIST. Analyses are performed every 6 months. Results: As of Oct 2006, there were 353 pts enrolled from 78 centers. 228 pts (65%) were from community-based practices; 184 pts (52%) were male, and 283 pts (80%) were Caucasian, with a median age of 65 years (range 18–92). Median time from diagnosis to enrollment was 1.1 years (range 0–11.7). At diagnosis, 282 pts (80%) had a localized tumor and 71 (20%) presented with metastatic disease. 335 pts (95%) had immunohistochemical KIT testing, and 1% had genotyping. 274 pts had surgery as first-line treatment (78%), including 84% of pts with primary disease and 52% with metastatic cancer. 14 % and 42% of pts with localized and metastatic disease respectively had systemic therapy as initial treatment. Of the 202 pts with follow-up, 170 (82%) retained the same primary decision-maker, usually the medical oncologist and/or surgeon (57%, 56% respectively). 3 patients reported missing days from work or school due to GIST in their first year since diagnosis. Therapeutic efficacy was assessed by tumor size on CT (53%), tumor size and radiodensity on CT (33%), clinical assessment only (14%) and PET (9%). 161 pts (46%) had been treated with imatinib mesylate and 20 pts (6%) sunitinib malate. Conclusions: The reGISTry remains a useful tool for determining evolving patterns in the management of GIST, and it points out important differences in official practice guidelines and community standards. KIT testing is common in the community, but mutational analysis is rare. Assessment by CT is customary, but PET imaging is rarely utilized in clinical practice. [Table: see text]
Macrophage-Mediated Suppression of Natural Killer Cell Activity in Mice Bearing Lewis Lung Carcinoma2
Authors: M. Rita Young, Elizabeth Wheeler, Marilyn Newby
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1986)

The natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxic capacity of C57BL/6 mice with implantation of Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) was quantitated during tumor growth. The NK activity became suppressed at 1 week of tumor growth and remained suppressed. The mechanisms for the suppression during the first 3 weeks of tumor growth included secretion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) by both the LLC tumor and host macrophages. With tumor growth, plasma PGE2 concentrations progressively increased. Oral administration of indomethacin to tumor-bearing mice prevented the rise in serum PGE2 concentrations and the suppression of NK activity. Cultured LLC cells and splenic macrophages isolated from mice during the first 3 weeks of tumor growth secreted increased amounts of PGE2. Macrophages from tumor-bearer spleen cells were shown to suppress NK activity. Depletion of these macrophages restored the NK activity, and addition of these macrophages to normal spleen cells resulted in an indomethacinsensitive suppression of the NK response. The mechanisms of suppression in mice bearing large tumors were different than those observed with smaller tumors. With a large tumor burden, the plasma PGE2concentrations declined. Indomethacin treatment did not prevent the suppression of NK activity, and depletion of splenic macrophages did not restore NK cytotoxicity.
The Ethical Challenges of Compassionate Use
Authors: Arthur L. Caplan, Amrit Ray
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effectiveness of combined induction chemotherapy and radiotherapy in advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Authors: I W Dimery, L J Peters, H Goepfert, W H Morrison, R M Byers, C Guillory, K McCarthy, R S Weber, W K Hong
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1993)

PURPOSE This prospective trial was conducted with the goal of achieving an improvement in both overall and progression-free survival in previously untreated patients with stage IV nasopharyngeal carcinoma who received an induction chemotherapy regimen of fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin followed by radiotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS From January 1985 to January 1990, 47 patients with T1-4N2-3M0 squamous cell carcinoma of the nasopharynx were treated at The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center with two to three cycles of 5-FU (1,000 mg/m2 continuous infusion per day x 5 days) plus cisplatin (100 mg/m2 continuous infusion on day 1 only) followed by radiotherapy using the conventional time/dose schedule. RESULTS The response rate to chemotherapy was 93.2% (20.5% complete response [CR]; 72.7% partial response [PR]), and the overall CR rate after radiotherapy was 86%. With a median follow-up period of 53 months, the 2-, 4-, and 6-year survival rates were 80%, 71.6%, and 67.4%; the overall treatment failure rate was 27%. Treatment was well tolerated and without significant acute or chronic toxic effects. CONCLUSION The results of this prospective study demonstrate that 5-FU plus cisplatin followed by radiotherapy can induce a durable remission in a high proportion of patients with poor-prognosis stage IV nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
The role of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer treated with chemoradiation after or before surgery
Authors: C. Garufi, A. Torsello, F. Ambesi Impiombato, I. Sperduti, C. Campanella, M. Diodoro, M. Zeuli, R. Mancini, E. Terzoli, M. Cosimelli
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

15071 Background: Postoperative chemoradiation (RT+CHT) increases disease-free (DFS) and overall survival (OS) of patients (pts) with extraperitoneal locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) when added to surgery (S) while neoadjuvant RT+CHT increases local control and tolerability. Hovewer the widespread use of adjuvant chemotherapy (ADJ-CHT) after RT+CHT is still controversial, being not clearly evident who are candidate and really benefit. This retrospective study analyse the effect of ADJ-CHT in our LARC pts. Methods: From 1990 to2006 325 LARC pts were treated at our institution. In the group of 236 pts with S as primary therapy (median age 64 y (28–82), m/f 129/107) 68 were pT1–2N0 and did not receive any further treatment; 168 were pT3N0 or pT2–4 N1–2; 40 were lost to follow-up. Ninety-five pts received only postop-RT+CHT and 33 postop-RT+CHT followed by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). In the group of 89 pts receiving preop-RT+CHT followed by S (median age 63 y (35–78), m/f 53/36) cT3–4N0/cT2–4N1–2 were 32/57. Preop-RT+CHT consisted of Mytomicin-C + 5-FUci, Cisplatin + 5-FUci, Oxaliplatin + Capecitabine. Median follow-up was 60 months (10–120). All pts in the study had endoscopic biopsy to assess tumor grading, CT scan for node involvement and postoperative Tumor Regression Grade (TRG). Results: In the group of pts initially treated with S (n=236) ADJ 5-FU improved 5-year DFS, 63.8% vs 48.4% p=0.06 and OS 63.8% vs 48.4% p= 0.02. In the preop-RT+CHT group (n=89), 49 pts did not respond to RT+CHT, remained ypT3–4 (51%) and received postop-ADJ CHT while 40 pts had a down- staging to ypT0–2 (49%) and did not receive furter therapy. ypT3–4 versus ypT0–2 subgroup presented poor pre-treatment prognostic characteristics as a higher rate of cT4, 11% vs 2%, p=0.08, cN1–2, 58% vs 11%, p=0.003, Grade 3 33% vs 7% p=0.001, and TRG 4–5, 64.8% vs 14.2%, p=0.001. The ypT3–4 subgroup had a worse 5y-DFS and OS, 59% vs 79% and 68% vs 88% respectively, p=0.001. Conclusions: Our data seem to indicate a possible beneficial effect of ADJ-CHT after postop-RT+CHT. For those pts who are sensitive to preop-RT+CHT no further therapy seems necessary while in those who are refractory to preoperative RT+CHT and remain ypT3–4 the use of postop-ADJ CHT does not seem to better infuence outcome. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Shifting the cancer paradigm: must we kill to cure?
Authors: H Schipper, C R Goh, T L Wang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1995)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1995.13.4.801 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 7707104 Shifting the cancer paradigm: must we kill to cure? H SchipperxH SchipperSearch for articles by this author , C R GohxC R GohSearch for articles by this author , T L WangxT L WangSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1995.13.4.801 First Page PDF © 1995 by American Society of Clinical Oncology