tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Adenoma detection with Endocuff colonoscopy versus conventional colonoscopy: a multicentre randomised controlled trial
Authors: SC van Doorn, M van der Vlugt, ACTM Depla, CA Wientjes, RC Mallant-Hent, PD Siersema, KMAJ Tytgat, H Tuynman, SD Kuiken, GMP Houben, PCF Stokkers, LMG Moons, PMM Bossuyt, P Fockens, MW Mundt, E Dekker
Journal: Gut (2015)

Background and aims Colonoscopy is the current reference standard for the detection of colorectal neoplasia, but nevertheless adenomas remain undetected. The Endocuff, an endoscopic cap with plastic projections, may improve colonic visualisation and adenoma detection. The aim of this study was to compare the mean number of adenomas per patient (MAP) and the adenoma detection rate (ADR) between Endocuff-assisted colonoscopy (EAC) and conventional colonoscopy (CC). Methods We performed a multicentre, randomised controlled trial in five hospitals and included fecal immonochemical test (FIT)-positive screening participants as well as symptomatic patients (&gt;45 years). Consenting patients were randomised 1:1 to EAC or CC. All colonoscopies were performed by experienced colonoscopists (≥500 colonoscopies) who were trained in EAC. All colonoscopy quality indicators were prospectively recorded. Findings Of the 1063 included patients (52% male, median age 65 years), 530 were allocated to EAC and 533 to CC. More adenomas were detected with EAC, 722 vs 621, but the gain in MAP was not significant: on average 1.36 per patient in the EAC group versus 1.17 in the CC group (p=0.08). In a per-protocol analysis, the gain was 1.44 vs 1.19 (p=0.02), respectively. In the EAC group, 275 patients (52%) had one or more adenomas detected versus 278 in the CC group (52%; p=0.92). For advanced adenomas these numbers were 109 (21%) vs 117 (22%). The adjusted caecal intubation rate was lower with EAC (94% vs 99%; p&lt;0.001), however when allowing crossover from EAC to CC, they were similar in both groups (98% vs 99%; p value=0.25). Interpretation Though more adenomas are detected with EAC, the routine use of Endocuff does not translate in a higher number of patients with one or more adenomas detected. Whether increased detection ultimately results in a lower rate of interval carcinomas is not yet known. Trial registration number http://www.trialregister.nl Dutch Trial Register: NTR3962.
간세포암 환자에서 경간동맥 화학색전술후 발생한 허혈성 담도 합병증
Authors: 이상수(Sang Soo Lee), 정영화(Young Hwa Chung), 김혜경(Hae Kyung Kim), 이경노(Kung No Lee), 양수현(Soo Hyun Yang), 황재철(Jae Chul Hwang), 윤현기(Hyun Kee Yoon), 유은실(Eun Sil Yoo), 성규보(Kyu Bo Sung), 이영상(Yung Sang Lee), 이승규(Sung Gyu Lee), 서동진(Dong Jin Suh)
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (1999)

Background/Aims: Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) has been reported to be one of the useful palliative treatments in patients with unresectable hepatocelluar carcinoma. However, Bile duct injuries following TACE have been reported occasionally. In this study, we intended to clarify the incidence, pathogenic mechanisms and clinical implications of bile duct injuries following TACE. Methods: A total of 950 consecutive patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were subjected. 807 patients were treated with TACE. The remaining 143 were treated with transarterial chemoinfusion (TACI) of cisplatin. Results: None of 143 HCC patients treated with TACI revealed to have any ischemic biliary injury radiologically. In contrast, out of 807 with TACE, 17 (2%) appeared to have biliary complications. Twelve out of 17 (71%) had bilomas at subcapsular area, three out of 17 (18%) had focal strictures at common hepatic duct or common bile duct with marked dilatation of intrahepatic bile ducts and two out of 17 (11%) had diffuse mild dilatation of intrahepatic bile ducts. Interestingly, two (17%) out of 12 bilomas were found at the lobe which was not embolized with Gelfoam. The median sessions of TACE to the occurrences of focal strictures tended to be longer compared with those of bilomas (median: 6 vs. 2.5; p=0.08). All three patients with focal strictures and four (33%) out of 12 patients with bilomas were associated with serious bacterial infections at presentation. Conclusions: Biloma seems to be caused by lipiodol rather than Gelfoam; focal strictures of large bile ducts by Gelfoam. It is suggested that adjustments of the amounts of lipiodol or Gelfoam and the sites or embolization may be required to reduce the ischemic biliary injuries following TACE. (Korean J Hepatol 1999;5:217－226)
FOLFIRINOX chemotherapy in locally advanced and metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma: A retrospective analysis of toxicity and outcomes.
Authors: Ashleigh Kerr, Derek B Grose, Sally Hall, David McIntosh, Vivienne MacLaren, Clinton Ali, Aisling Hennessy, Alexander McDonald, Janet Shirley Graham
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

436 Background: The FOLFIRINOX chemotherapy regimen has been shown to improve overall survival in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer, however, toxicity is increased. The aim of this analysis was to assess the tolerability and outcomes of this regimen in clinical practice. Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients treated with FOLFIRINOX chemotherapy in a tertiary referral centre between January 2013 and May 2014 was conducted. Toxicity was graded as per CTCAE version 4.0. Overall survival and tumour response were analysed. Results: A total of 80 patients were identified with locally advanced or metastatic disease in 47 and 33 cases respectively. The median patient age was 63 (range 30 –79) and the median number of cycles delivered was 6 (range 1-12). G3/4 neutropenia was recorded in 12.5% of patients, with a febrile neutropenia rate of 9.9%. G3/4 nausea and vomiting was reported in 17.5% and G3/4 diarrhoea in 15% of cases. G3/4 electrolyte disturbance occurred in 5%. Response rates assessed after 3-6 cycles showed PR 26%, SD 31% and PD 25%. Median duration of follow up for survivors is 8.7 months (range 3.6 – 20.8). Median OS is 11.4 months (95% CI 10.1 – 12.7). Median OS was reported as 11.4 months, 10.9 months and 2.3 months according to baseline PS 0, 1 and 2 respectively (log rank p &lt;0.001). Conclusions: FOLFIRINOX can be safely delivered out with a trial cohort. Outcomes are strongly influenced by patient PS and careful patient selection is critical.
Comparative Efficacy and Safety Of Dabigatran Etexilate and Rivaroxaban For The Treatment Of Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Andreas Clemens, Shaun Abeysinghe, Ann-Katrin Gonschior, Volker Hösel, Sarah Lock, Sorrel E Wolowacz, Mathew Woods, Evelina Zimovetz
Journal: Blood (2013)
Adenovirus Type-7 T Antigen: Separation From Hexon Antigen by Gel Filtration. A Preliminary Report
Authors: Berton Zbar, Herbert J. Rapp, Robert J. Huebner, Tibor Borsos
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1968)

Adenovirus type-7 T antigen was separated from hexon and penton antigens by gel filtration on Sephadex G-200. Sufficient quantities of partially purified T antigens may be obtained by this method so that large-scale surveys for human antibodies to T antigen can be carried out. Thirty sera from blood-bank donors lacked detectable complement-fixing antibodies to antigens in the partially purified T antigen preparation.
Cyberknife stereotactic radiosurgery in patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: K. Kang, B. Choi, H. Jang, S. Bae, M. Ryu, Y. Kang, J. Jang, G. Choi, I. Choi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

4645 Background: Conventional radiotherapy has historically played a limited role in the primary treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study evaluated the effect of Cyberknife stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) with for both for small primary non-resectable HCC, and for advanced HCC with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT). Methods: From March 2004 to March 2005, thirty one patients with HCC were treated Cyberknife SRS was used for 32 lesions in patients with SRS for primary HCC. There was performed in 22 patients (23 lesions) with targeting to the primary HCC was treated (Group A), and in 9 patients with targeting to the PVTT was treated (Group B). The total SRS doses treated were 30–39 Gy (median, 36 Gy) to the 70–85%, 3 fractions and the target volume was of 3.6–57.3 cc (median, 25.2 cc). Results: The median follow up was 10.5 months. A complete response (CR) was achieved in 10 lesions, a partial response (PR) in 13 lesions, stable disease was noted in 6 lesions, and disease progression in 3 lesions. The response rate (CR+PR) was 71.9% (group A: 82.6%, group B: 44.4%). The level of serum alpha-fetoprotein after the treatment was decreased significantly in 17 patients (54.8%) (group A: 54.5%, group B: 55.5%). Complications were observed in 15 patients, among them, greater than grade 3 complication was observed in two patients of group A (gastric ulcer bleeding (1), liver necrosis (1)). Conclusions: These results suggest that Cyberknife SRS could be considered as an effective and safe treatment for primary HCC. For PVTT, Cyberknife SRS as the only curative tool, and produced acceptable local control in this study. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Boxing Should Be Banned in Civilized Countries—Round 3
Authors: George D. Lundberg
Journal: JAMA (1986)

The organized brutality of boxing has become widely recognized for what it is since we published our pioneering articles on Jan 14, 1983.<sup>1-3</sup>Most noteworthy have been the changes in the policies of organized medicine. Four years ago, the American Medical Association (AMA) had no policy on boxing. As the new information became widely known, the AMA went from calling for many safety measures recommended by its Council on Scientific Affairs and expert panel in December 1982<sup>4</sup>to a much more aggressive posture in June 1983.<sup>5</sup>Data from four research groups in three countries<sup>2,6-8</sup>have documented the high frequency of chronic brain damage in boxers who have had many fights, and a series of strong editorials has argued that boxing is wrong medically and morally.<sup>2,3,5,9</sup>We have seen the development of a broad international medical consensus that boxing should be abolished. Among the many medical
Reprogramming of alveolar macrophages – Prospect of successful treatment in COPD
Authors: Svetlana Lyamina, Igor Maev, Georgy Yurenev, Igor Malyshev
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Reprogramming of macrophages can be one of new promising approaches in nosotropic therapy influencing initial branch of inflammatory reaction and allowing to reach the optimal Th1/Th2 balance in early pathologic process.   Objective:  To testify that serum concentration change with TGF-β as macrophages reprogramming factor in culture medium can purposefully reprogram macrophages phenotype either to M1 pro-inflammatory or to M2 anti-inflammatory and therefore influence Th1/Th2 balance.   Methods:  Alveolar macrophages of COPD patients with initial M1 phenotype were cultured and reprogrammed in vitro in RPMI-1640 with different serum concentrations – 5%, 10%, 15% for 48 hours. Reprogramming of macrophages was measured by morphological characteristic of cells with morphological index, expression level of cell markers CD80, CD25 (M1), CD206, CD163 (M2) and cytokine production by flow cytometry.   Results:  Significant changes of morphological characteristic and functional activity were educed. Serum concentration change from 5% to 15% led to increasing of fibroblast-like cells (M2) from 24 to 58%, morphological index varied from 0.26 to 1.02; Th2 cytokines prevailed on Th1; CD206 and CD163 expression level significantly changed – 57% and 64% vs 21% and 29% respectively. These data confirm successful reprogramming of macrophages to M2 phenotype. In view of obtained data decreasing of serum concentration from 15 to 5% led to M1 phenotype reprogramming.   Conclusions:  Serum concentration in cell culture promotes reprogramming of morphological and functional phenotype of alveolar macrophages, which can be used for reaching Th1/Th2 balance and regulation of lung immunity in COPD patients.
Celecoxib (Ce) + exemestane (Ex) versus placebo + Ex in post-menopausal (PM) metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients (pts): A double-blind phase III GINECO study
Authors: G. Freyer, M. Debled, J. F. Geay, T. Bachelot, E. Blot, J. Cretin, T. Delozier, D. Mille, J. M. Ferrero, P. Romestaing, E. Pujade-Lauraine
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

565 Background: in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that COX-2 inhibitors have proper antitumor effect and could enhance the activity of aromatase inhibitors (AI). Methods: PM first-line MBC pts without previous adjuvant AI were randomized to receive per os until progression either A: Ce (400 mg bid) + Ex (25mg/d) or B: placebo (1 tablet bid) + Ex (25mg/d). PFS was the main end-point. The trial was prematurely stopped (Dec 2004) with 157/342 pts enrolled (A: 74, B: 83 pts) after occurrence of Ce cardio-vascular toxicity in other trials. Results: patient (median age, A:61, B:63 yrs) characteristics were well balanced between A and B (%) : ER and/or PR positive (93, 94), HER2 positive (4, 5), adjuvant chemotherapy (45, 53) or tamoxifen (57, 61), ECOG PS 0–1 (90, 90), visceral (63, 53) or bone involvement (35, 41). Tolerance: compared to placebo (B), pts treated with Ce (A) experienced less gr 2–3 CTCAE: pain (A:52, B:63%), arthralgias (19, 28), asthenia (20, 30), Gr 1–3 insomnia (32, 47), but more hypersentivity reactions (7,0) and oedema (8, 2). Gastro-intestinal toxicity was not increased in A. One episode of paroxystic arythmia occurred in the Ce arm, without complication in a patient with known cardiopathy. Overall response rate was significantly higher in A (35 vs 20%, p=.034). Median PFS in intent-to-treat analysis was similar in A (9.8 months) and B (9.8), but tend to be superior in A (A:12.2, B:9,8, p=.09) in pts who were included at least 3 months before early trial stopping. In addition, PFS was significantly longer in pts treated with Ce +Ex (A: 8.4 months, B: 4.7, p=.019) in the subgroup of pts who developed MBC under Tam or within 12 months after Tam stopping (A: 26, B: 29 pts). Conclusion: The combination of celecoxib and exemestane is promising and should be further explored in MBC with adequate cardiac monitoring. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Extending the Acute Care Surgery Paradigm to Global Surgery
Authors: David N. Blitzer, Rajan Gupta, Gregory L. Peck
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
춘계학술대회 : 포스터전시 ; 긴 분절형 협착 및 폐쇄를 보인 버드-키아리 증후군 1예
Authors: 김형준, 안지용, 허채, 김석원, 한상표, 김상중, 차봉기, 김대원, 김정욱, 도재혁, 김재규, 장세경, 박실무, 곽병국
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2005)

배경/목적: 버드-키아리 증후군은 간정맥 또는 하대정맥의 간정맥 기시부 폐쇄로 인해 문맥압 항진증 및 이로 인한 합병증들이 일어나는 드문 질환이다. 하대정맥의 폐쇄는 막성 폐쇄와 분절형 폐쇄로 분류하며, 동양에서는 막성 폐쇄가 주된 원인이며, 치료로서 수술적인 방법과 경피적 경혈관 풍선 성형술 등이 시행되고 있다. 대부분의 하대정맥 폐쇄는 짧은 길이의 막성 협착을 보이며, 경피적 풍선 성형술을 통해서 쉽게 혈류의 재소통을 이룰 수 있으나, 긴 분절형 축
Targeting cancer stem cell–like phenotype in bladder cancer (BC) cell lines.
Authors: P. Grivas, M. Liebert, P. Kunju, K. Day, M. Day, M. Hussain
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

e15102 Background: EGFR and HER-2 are over-expressed in BC, correlating with disease progression. Advanced BC becomes chemotherapy-resistant; cancer stem cell-like cells may contribute to treatment failure. In breast cancer stem cells there is an overlap between the expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) and HER-2 (defined by mammosphere formation); these cells can be reduced by trastuzumab.Lapatinib can reverse trastuzumab-resistance in breast cancer patients. We hypothesize that inhibiting EGFR/HER-2 might result in bladder cancer stem cell-like cell targeting. Methods: EGFR, HER2 and ALDH1 expression was evaluated in bladder cancer tissue microarrays, using 121 bladder cancer tissue samples. ALDH activity was measured in BC cell lines (5637 and UM-UC6) using a fluorescent ALDH functional assay and formation of bladder spheres in low adherence culture vessels using defined serum-free medium. The activity of cetuximab (anti-EGFR), trastuzumab (anti-HER-2) and lapatinib (anti-EGFR/HER-2) against bladder cancer stem cell-like cells was tested in BC cell lines. Results: ALDH1 staining was present in 34/121 (28.1%) tissue samples. In parallel samples, 13 of ALDH+ tissue areas were HER-2 positive, 9 were EGFR/HER-2 double positive, 8 were EGFR/HER-2 double negative, and 4 were not evaluable; 22/30 (73.3%) of the ALDH1 positive bladder cancer tissues expressed HER-2 with or without EGFR. Trastuzumab and cetuximab (10 ug/ml-0.6 ug/ml) either separately or combined showed modest effects on bladder sphere formation (maximal inhibition of 45%). Lapatinib (10uM-500 nM) resulted in dramatic dose-responsive reduction in sphere formation (up to 100%), as well as reduction in ALDH fluorescent positive cells from 20% to 7.5% in 5637 cell line and from 1% to 0% in UC6 cell line. Conclusions: These data suggest that an ALDH-positive BC stem cell-like population exists within HER-2 (with or without EGFR) positive bladder cancer tissues. Lapatinib appears more effective at targeting BC stem cell-like population in cultured cells than trastuzumab, cetuximab or their combination. Further exploration of the mechanisms underlying dual (EGFR/HER-2) targeting against bladder cancer stem cell-like cells is warranted.
Polymorphism and divergence at the 5' flanking region of the sex-determining locus, Sry, in mice.
Authors: M W Nachman, C F Aquadro
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1994)

We have investigated patterns of evolution in the nonrecombining portion of the Y chromosome in mice by comparing levels of polymorphism within Mus domesticus with levels of divergence between M. domesticus and M. spretus. A 1,277-bp fragment of noncoding sequence flanking the sex determining locus (Sry) was PCR amplified, and 1,063 bases were sequenced and compared among 20 M. domesticus and 1 M. spretus. Two polymorphic base substitutions and two polymorphic insertion/deletion sites were identified within M. domesticus; nucleotide diversity was estimated to be 0.1%. Divergence between M. domesticus and M. spretus for this region (1.9%) was slightly lower than the average divergence of single-copy nuclear DNA for these species. Comparison of levels of polymorphism and divergence at Sry with levels of polymorphism and divergence in the mitochondrial DNA control region provided no evidence of a departure from the expectations of neutral molecular evolution. These findings are consistent with the presumed lack of function for much of the Y chromosome.
Abstract 9928: Cardiac-specific Overexpression of High-mobility Group Box 1 Attenuates Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis and Mitochondrial Dysfunction During the Pathogenesis of Doxorubicin Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Taro Narumi, Tetsuro Shishido, Akira Funayama, Miyuki Yokoyama, Daisuke Kinoshita, Shinpei Kadowaki, Yuki Honda, Yoichiro Otaki, Satoshi Nishiyama, Hiroki Takahashi, Takanori Arimoto, Takehiko Miyashita, Takuya Miyamoto, Tetsu Watanabe, Isao Kubota
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: The mechanism of doxorubicin cardiomyopathy is thought to be related to cardiomyocyte apoptosis, which contributes to development of myocardial loss and severe contractile dysfunction. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear DNA-binding protein, as well as having the potential of inhibiting apoptosis. Purpose of this work is to clarify the role of cardiac HMGB1 in response to cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Methods and Results: Doxorubicin was administrated in transgenic mice with cardiac-specific overexpression of HMGB1 (HMGB1-Tg) and wild-type littermate mice (WT). We evaluated the expression of heat shock protein B1 (HSPB1) which was reported to be a downstream target of HMGB1. Its expression was significantly higher in HMGB1-Tg mice compared with WT mice. Next, we assessed the localization of second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase (Smac), which is inhibited by HSPB1 and necessary for apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. Release of Smac from mitochondria was prevented in HMGB1-Tg mice compared with WT mice. Cardiomyocyte apoptosis were prevented in HMGB1-Tg mice. With electron microscopy, we observed distinguished mitochondrial damage and vacuolization in doxorubicin-treated WT, but not in HMGB1-Tg mice. Furthermore, the survival rate after doxorubicin administration of HMGB1-Tg mice was higher. In in vitro experiments, protein expression of cleaved caspase 3 which indicates the degree of apoptosis was higher in doxorubicin-treated HMGB1 knock down (HMGB1-KO) cardiomyocyte. In addition, protein expression of HSPB1 was lower in doxorubicin-treated HMGB1-KO cardiomyocyte. Moreover, we found that mitochondrial membrane potential evaluated by using 5,5’,6,6’-tetrachloro-1,1’,3,3’-tetraethylbenzimidazolylcarbocyanine iodide (JC-1) was markedly reduced in doxorubicin-treated HMGB1-KO cardiomyocyte. Conclusion: We report the first in vivo and vitro evidence that cardiac HMGB1 attenuate cardiomyocyte apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction during the pathogenesis of doxorubicin cardiomyopathy. These results may provide a novel therapeutic approach for doxorubicin cardiomyopathy.