tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THU0206 Clinical and Laboratory Features of Diabetes-Associated Knee Osteoarthritis: A CASE Control Study
Authors: E.P. Trifonova, I.V. Shirinsky, O.V. Sazonova, V.S. Shirinsky, N.Y. Kalinovskaya
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Several epidemiological studies have shown the existence of diabetes (type II) - associated osteoarthritis (T2D-associated OA). Currently there is a lack of data about special features of this OA phenotype. <h3>Objectives</h3> To explore the proinflammatory serum cytokine levels and the clinical features in patients with knee OA and T2D and compare with patients with knee OA without T2D. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients (n=78) were divided into two groups. Group 1 (n=52) had bilateral knee OA according to ACR criteria and T2D diagnosed one year before the start of joint disease. Group 2 (n=26) had bilateral knee OA according to ACR criteria without T2D. We assessed serum cytokine levels (IL-6, IL-18) using ELISA. Pain, general health, stiffness, physical functions, quality of life (QoL) and mental health disorders were measured by visual analog scale (VAS),Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), short form 36 (SF-36), patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Statistical data are presented as median and 25/75 percentiles. We used U-Mann-Whitney test to detect differences between groups. Correlation was assessed using Spearman correlation coefficient (r<sub>s</sub>). <h3>Results</h3> Median age of group 1 (n=52) were 63 (interquartile range (IQR)): 58.25-69) 80.7% were women. At the group 2 (n=26) median ages were 66 (IQR: 54-70) 84.6% were women. Serum cytokine levels of IL-6 and IL-18 were significantly higher in patients of group 1 than the group 2 (p=0.0006 and p=0.0012 respectively). Statistically significant differences between two groups were found in such scales and indices as VAS, WOMAC, KOOS and SF-36 (certain data performed in Table). Also, mental health disorders in groups had statistically significant differences (SF-36 MH p=0.0137, PHQ-9 p=0.0424). Significant correlation was found between serum cytokines concentrations (IL-6 and IL-18) and most parameters of KOOS, SF-36 in both groups. <h3>Conclusions</h3> According to this study results, plasma cytokine concentrations were elevated and observed high intensity of pain, significant impairment of physical functions, mental health and QoL in T2D-associated OA patients. Also this study suggests that serum cytokines concentrations are linked with the severity of knee T2D-associated OA. A positive association between IL-6, IL-18 and T2D-associated OA may assume participation of this proinflammatory factors in the pathogenesis of this OA phenotype. These data should be verified by larger studies. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> : None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4932
Postural Effects on Gas Exchange in Infants
Authors: D. P. Heaf, P. Helms, I. Gordon, H. M. Turner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

In adults with unilateral lung disease, pulmonary gas exchange is better when the patients is positioned with the good lung dependent. We studied the effects of body position on gas exchange in 10 infants with unilateral lung disease by measuring transcutaneous oxygen and carbon dioxide pressures in the supine and right and left lateral positions. We also performed krypton lung scans and measured changes in thoracic gas volumes in four of the infants. Transcutaneous oxygen pressure (mean +/- S.E.) was greater with the good lung uppermost (82 +/- 7.6 mm Hg) than with the good lung dependent (73 +/- 7 mm Hg) (P less than 0.02) or in the supine position (78 +/- 7 mm Hg). There were no changes in transcutaneous carbon dioxide pressure. The proportion of ventilation to the good lung was greater with the good lung uppermost than with the good lung dependent (P less than 0.01) or in the supine position (P less than 0.02) (64 +/- 3, 46 +/- 6, and 59 +/- 7 per cent, respectively). There were no significant changes with position in functional residual capacity, tidal volume, or dynamic lung compliance. We conclude that oxygenation in infants with unilateral lung disease is best with the good lung uppermost--the reverse of what has been observed in adults.
CO<sub>2</sub>-Hysteroscopy Today
Authors: H. Lindemann
Journal: Endoscopy (1979)

A survey of intra-uterine endoscopy over the last years is given showing the increased demand for hysteroscopy for diagnosis and therapy of intra-uterine diseases. Its indications include the search for unknown causes of uterine bleeding or sterility. It is also applied for various therapeutic reasons such as for example the search and removal of lost or embedded intra-uterine devices. The different methods of hysteroscopy--particularly the CO2 hysteroscopy, which we developed, are described. The new examination procedures such as for example the extensive penetration test applied in cases of sterility and others, which through the advances made in technology are now possible, are also discussed.
“Invisible” Synthetic Opiates and Acute Psychosis
Authors: Alvaro Camacho, Scott C. Matthews, Joel E. Dimsdale
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

pox subsequently developed in a close contact of their children, whereas 30 percent of parents of 195 children whose PCR test was positive reported that chickenpox had developed in a close contact.Both of these findings support our contention that the children who did not have a positive PCR test were not infected with varicella-zoster virus.
GE-38 * IDENTIFYING THE TREATMENT-RESISTANT MESENCHYMAL SIGNATURE BY COMPARATIVE ANALYSES BETWEEN GLIOMA SPHERE-FORMING CELLS AND THEIR GLIOBLASTOMAS OF ORIGIN
Authors: Q. Wang, R. Ezhilarasan, S. Zheng, J. Gumin, T. Heffernan, G. Draetta, F. Lang, R. Verhaak, E. Sulman
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

The mesenchymal (Mes) subtype of glioblastoma (MesGBM) correlates with poor patient prognosis. Surprisingly, agents that target mesenchymal tumors, such as the antiangiogenesis drug bevacizumab, failed to show a benefit in MesGBM. The expression of MesGBM might result from both cells from the surrounding microenvironment or from the tumor cells themselves. We hypothesized that MesGBM driven by Mes-expressing tumor cells would show increased aggressiveness compared to those driven by Mes-expressing stroma. We examined 42 glioma sphere-forming cell (GSCs) lines, derived from fresh surgical specimens, by performing whole transcriptome sequencing, copy number analysis, and whole exome sequencing and compared the GSCs to the tumors from which they were derived. GSCs aggressiveness was determined by in vivo survival of orthotopic xenografted mice and in vitro radiation survival. The TCGA expression subtype of the GSCs and their matched tumor was determined by single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA). Of the 15 tumors belonging to the mesenchymal subtype, 4 of the matched GSCs were also mesenchymal (concordant pairs, CP) and the remaining 11 GSCs were either proneural or classical subtypes (discordant pairs, DP). The normalized mesenchymal scores of the 4 CP tumors (mean 0.90, range 0.80-0.98) was higher than those the 11 DP tumors (mean 0.75, range 0.69-0.90). We determined tumor purity based on sequencing data and found it significantly higher in DP tumors than CP, suggesting a stromal contribution to the Mes signature in the DP tumors. In addition, EGFR amplification occurred in 36% of DP tumors, and 0% of TP tumors. CP tumors showed increased radiation resistance and decreased in vivo survival compared to DP tumors. In summary, stromal-driven mesenchymal tumors showed decrease aggressiveness compared to tumor cell-driven MesGBM, suggesting that therapeutics targeting the microenvironment, such as anti-angiogenesis drugs, may have a greater role in tumors where the stromal contribution dominates.
Polyps of the Rectum and Colon and Their Relation to Cancer
Authors: Claude E. Welch, John B. McKittrick, Glenn Behringer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

POLYPS of the rectum and colon have been observed with increasing frequency in the past few years, particularly because of the emphasis placed upon sigmoidoscopy as a method of early detection of cancer. The surprisingly high incidence of microscopic carcinoma in such polyps has raised many questions in the minds of surgeons who must deal with these problems. In an attempt to clarify the relation of polyps to cancer, we have accordingly, in the past few years, co-ordinated our clinical studies with the departments of pathology of the Massachusetts General Hospital. The conclusions presented here must be regarded as a . . .
FRI0458 Utility of new asas classification criteria for axial and peripheral spondylarthritis in routine clinical care: a cohort study
Authors: I. Simsek, B. Yildiz, S. Yilmaz, M. Cinar, H. T. Sanal, A. Onay, H. Erdem, S. Pay
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> The Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) classification criteria (ASAScc) for both axial and periheral spondyloarthritis (SpA) have been designed to classify patients early in the disease course. The criteria have been studied mostly in SpA cohorts but not largely in patients with other conditions that may mimic RA. Thus, it is not known how these criteria for SpA (both axial and peripheral) perform to identify SpA in patients seen in routine clinical care. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the performances (sensitivity, specificity,) of the ASAScc for axial and peripheral SpA in a general rheumatology practice. <h3>Methods</h3> 242 consecutive new and established patients from an outpatient clinic of a university rheumatology center were recruited after being screened by their primary rheumatologist and were included if they had an at least 3 month history of backpain started before the age of 45 years or joint symptoms. The ASAScc were applied, as laid out by the task force, by a 2 physicians with questions followed by a targeted musculoskeletal exam. The patients were followed retrospectively and prospectively for additional exam findings, laboratory and radiographic tests, and physician diagnosis not present at time of screening. The gold standard for the diagnosis of SpA was the primary rheumatologist’s diagnosis. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated. <h3>Results</h3> 220 patients were eligible for the analysis. The mean age of the patients was 37.8 years, with 38% women, an average duration of disease of 3.1 years. Seventy-one percent of the patients were included to the axial arm and 29% to the peripheral arm of the criteria application. Sensitivity and specificity for axial ASAScc were 0.85 and 0.73, respectively. For patients presenting with peripheral symptoms, sensivitity and specificity were 1 and 0.53, respectively. When ESSG cirteria were tested in the same population, sensitivity was found as 0.93 ans spesificity as 0.37. <h3>Conclusions</h3> To our knowledge, this study is among the first few studies examining the new criteria for SpA in consecutive patients seen in routine care. While the sensitivity of both of the criteria sets are acceptable, specificity for both axial and for peripheral sets were far from satisfactory. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
The Polio Endgame
Authors: Bruce Aylward, Tadataka Yamada
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

Infection with poliovirus can have devastating consequences, including paralysis and death. In 1988, a year when an estimated 350,000 or more children were paralyzed by polio, the World Health Assembly initiated a global effort to eradicate the infection once and for all. It was an audacious undertaking, given that the virus circulates largely undetected, requires laborious cell-culture techniques to confirm infection, and is tackled with vaccines that provide imperfect protection in the gut. Initially, the number of polio cases and countries with infections fell rapidly, particularly as financing and political support increased in the mid-1990s. The last case of paralytic . . .
Uptake of FDG in Osseous Hemangioendothelioma
Authors: MERRICK SHOR, NEENA DAVE, AMJAD ALI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2001)

From the Section of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rush Presbyterian St. Luke’s Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois Received for publication September 11, 2000. Accepted October 11, 2000. Reprint requests: A. Ali, M.D., Section of Nuclear Medicine, Rush Presbyterian St. Like’s Medical Center, 1653 West Congress Parkway, Chicago, Illinois 60612. E-mail: [email protected]
Treatment of Lymphedema of the Arms and Legs with 5,6-Benzo-[alpha]-pyrone
Authors: John R. Casley-Smith, Robert Gwyn Morgan, Neil B. Piller
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

Benzopyrones can reduce the volume of high-protein edema fluid by stimulating proteolysis. These compounds provide a method for removing excess protein and its consequent edema and reduce its clinical sequelae, such as chronic inflammation and secondary infections.
Liver and Bone Metastases From Small Bowel Neuroendocrine Tumor Respond to 177Lu-DOTATATE Induction and Maintenance Therapies
Authors: William Makis, Karey McCann, Francois A. Buteau, Alexander J. B. McEwan
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

A 73-year-old man diagnosed with small bowel neuroendocrine tumor (NET) with liver and bone metastases was treated with 4 induction cycles and 2 maintenance cycles of Lu-DOTATATE peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT). His symptoms and mobility improved significantly following induction as well as maintenance treatments, and posttherapy imaging studies showed significant improvement in metastatic liver and bone disease. Current protocols consisting of 4 induction cycles of Lu-DOTATATE only may not be sufficient to optimally treat neuroendocrine liver and bone metastases, and further research into maintenance Lu-DOTATATE therapy is warranted.
SdiA sensing of acyl-homoserine lactones by enterohemorrhagic<i>E. coli</i>(EHEC) serotype O157
Authors: Vanessa Sperandio
Journal: Gut Microbes (2010)

Chemical communication mediates signaling between cells. Bacteria also engage in chemical signaling, termed quorum sensing (QS), to coordinate population-wide behavior. The bacterial pathogen enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), responsible for outbreaks of bloody diarrhea worldwide, exploits QS to promote expression of virulence factors in humans. Although EHEC is a human pathogen, it is a member of the gastrointestinal (GI) flora in cattle, the main reservoir for this bacterium. EHEC cattle colonization requires SdiA, a QS transcription factor that uses acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs), for proper folding and function. EHEC harbors SdiA, but does not produce AHLs, consequently having to sense AHLs produced by other bacterial species. We recently showed that SdiA is necessary for efficient EHEC passage through the bovine GI tract, and show that AHLs are prominent within cattle rumen, but absent from the other sections of the GI tract. EHEC utilizes the locus of enterocyte effacement
Serum Phenylalanine and Tyrosine Levels in the Newborn Infant
Authors: David Yi-Yung Hsia, Marcia Litwack, Margaret O'Flynn, Smilja Jakovcic
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

PHENYLKETONURIA is a hereditary metabolic disease caused by a deficiency of the enzyme, phenylalanine hydroxylase. Data have been presented showing that the mental retardation in this condition can be effectively prevented if treatment with a diet low in phenylalanine content is started very early in infancy.1 During the past few years a number of reports2 3 4 5 have appeared on the testing of urine for phenylpyruvic acid as a means of screening for phenylketonuria among newborn infants. Although this test is relatively simple from the technical point of view the affected infant frequently does not show a positive test until four to . . .
TCTAP A-151 Five-Year Clinical Outcomes in Aorto-Ostial Lesion Treated with Drug Eluting Stent
Authors: Kyu-Hwan Park, KangUn Choi, Chan-Hee Lee, YoonJung Choi, Jang-Won Son, Ung Kim, Jong-Seon Park, Dong-Gu Shin, Young-Jo Kim, Han-Young Jin, Jae-Sik Jang, Tae-Hyun Yang, Dong-Soo Kim, Guang-Won Seo, Dong-Kie Kim, Pilsang Song, Doo Il Kim, Yun-Kyeong Cho, Hyuck Jun Yoon, Chang-Wook Nam, Seung-Ho Hur, Kwon-Bae Kim
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Abstract 4580: Detection of early-stage pancreatic cancer by mass spectrometry: a multi-institutional validation study
Authors: Kazufumi Honda, Masaya Ono, Takuji Okusaka, Tomoo Kosuge, Klaus Felix, Shoji Nakamori, Naohiro Sata, Hideo Nagai, Tatsuya Ioka, Akihiko Tsuchida, Masashi Shimahara, Yoichi Yasunami, Setsuo Hirohashi, Markus W. Büchler, Tesshi Yamada
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background Invasive ductal carcinoma of the pancreas is one of the worst prognoses among common human malignancies. The poor outcome of pancreatic cancer patients seems to be attributable to difficulty in early detection. Methods Mass spectra of peptide were obtained from a total of 1314 plasma/serum samples, consisting 4 cohorts (namely Cohorts 1-4) obtained from 7 medical institutions participating in the “Third-Term Comprehensive Control Research for Cancer” conducted by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare of Japan and one institute in Germany using orthogonal matrix assisted laser/desorption ionization time of flight (oMALDI-qQTOF-MS). The amino acid sequences and posttranslational modifications of marker proteins were identified by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Results Plasma apolipoprotein AII heterodimer (ApoAII-2; 17252 m/z), unglycosylated apolipoprotein CIII (ApoCIII-0; 8766 m/z), and their summated value differed between 112 pancreatic cancer patients and 103 healthy controls (Cohort 1) with high statistical significance [P = 1.36 × 10−21, P = 4.35 × 10−14, and P = 1.83 × 10−24 (Mann-Whitney U-test)] and area-under-curve (AUC) values of 0.877, 0.798, and 0.903, respectively. The significance was further verified in 2 retrospective cohorts [Cohort 2 (n = 103) and Cohort 3 (n = 163)] and a hospital-based prospective cohort [Cohort 4 (n = 833)]. Patients with invasive ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, including those with stage-I disease, could be discriminated from healthy controls with the sensitivity of 97.6% (243/249) and specificity of 95.3% (122/128) by the combination of DUPAN-2, CA19-9, ApoAII-2, and ApoCIII-0. Interpretation Although the reduction of the 2 modified forms of plasma/serum apolipoproteins was not pancreatic cancer-specific, the accurate measurement of plasma/serum proteins had a high capability in detecting pancreatic cancer. This test is essentially safe and might be applicable to the primary mass screening of pancreatic cancer in asymptomatic populations. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4580.
Abstract 5101: Acute inhibition of myostatin-family proteins preserves muscle in cancer cachexia
Authors: Margaret E. Benny Klimek, Tufan Aydogdu, Majik Link, Marianne Pons, Leonidas G. Koniaris, Teresa A. Zimmers
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Cachexia, progressive loss of fat and muscle mass despite adequate nutrition, is a devastating complication of cancer associated with poor quality of life and increased mortality. Myostatin is a potent tonic muscle growth inhibitor. We tested how myostatin inhibition might influence cancer cachexia using genetic and pharmacological approaches in mice. First, myostatin null mice were challenged with Lewis lung carcinoma or B16F10 melanoma. Although hypermuscular at baseline, myostatin null mice were more sensitive to tumor-induced cachexia, losing more absolute mass and proportionately more muscle mass than wild-type mice. Because myostatin null mice lack expression from development, however, we also sought to manipulate myostatin acutely. The histone deacetylase inhibitor Trichostatin A has been shown to increase muscle mass in normal and dystrophic mice by inducing the myostatin inhibitor, Follistatin. Although Trichostatin A administration induced muscle growth in normal mice, it failed to preserve muscle in colon-26 cancer cachexia. Finally we sought to inhibit myostatin and related ligands by administration of the Activin receptor extracellular domain/Fc fusion protein, ACVR2B-Fc, which inhibits myostatin activity and induces dramatic muscle growth in normal mice. Systemic administration of ACVR2B-Fc potently inhibited muscle wasting and protected adipose stores in both colon-26 and Lewis lung carcinoma cachexia, without affecting tumor growth. Enhanced cachexia in myostatin knockouts indicates that host-derived myostatin is not the sole mediator of muscle wasting in cancer. More importantly, skeletal muscle preservation with ACVR2B-Fc establishes that targeting myostatin family ligands using ACVR2B-Fc or related molecules is an important and potent therapeutic avenue in cancer cachexia. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5101.
An outbreak of measles associated with an international dog show in Slovenia, November 2014
Authors: M Grgič-Vitek, T Frelih, V Ucakar, M Fafangel, O Jordan Markocic, K Prosenc, A Kraigher
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2015)

In Slovenia, where measles virus had not been circulating for many years, an outbreak of measles among visitors of an international dog show occurred in November 2014. We identified 23 measles cases plus 21 presumable secondary and tertiary cases. Thirty-nine cases were adults, 27 to 56 years-old, 12 of them vaccinated with two doses. Five were unvaccinated children. Thanks to high vaccination coverage (95.3% in birth cohort 2011) wider transmission is not expected in Slovenia.