tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4068: Overexpression of anillin in colorectal cancer promotes the cell proliferation, cell mobility and cell invasion
Authors: Hui Y. Chuang, Yu Hsuan Ou
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent cancer in the developed countries, accounting for more than 50,000 cancer deaths per year. We used microarray to analyze gene expression in patients with different stages of colorectal cancer. Among the 157 metastasis-related genes, RT-PCR and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) were used to verify 11 genes. The roles of anillin (ANLN), one of 11 metastasis-associated genes, in colorectal cancer are not clear. Therefore, we focused on ANLN in this study. We found that the expression levels of anillin are higher in tumor specimens, even in metastasis tumor grade compared with those of adjacent normal tissues by real-time PCR. In order to understand the roles of anillin in tumorigenesis and metastasis of colorectal cancer, we used anillin overexpressed HT29 and shRNA-knockdowned SW480. Our data indicated that anillin overexpressed HT29 showed faster replication kinetics probably due to prolonged G2/M phase. Next, we found that the number and size of colony were increased in anillin over expressed cells in soft agar assay suggesting a role of anillin in tumorgenesis of colorectal cancer. Notably, anillin overexpressed SW480 and HT29 lines demonstrated increased migration and invasion. This increased mobility in anillin overexpressed SW480 and HT29 lines partially correlated with reduced E-cadherin levels. By confocal analysis of philloidin stained cells, we also found increased F-actin bundles accumulation in anillin overexpressed HT29 cells. We hypothesize that anillin may promote partial EMT and cell migration through induced cytoskeleton remodeling. Taken together, we suggest that anillin is involved in enhancement of proliferation, mobility, invasion of colorectal cancer cell lines, which may lead to enhanced tumorgenesis and metastasis potential. Citation Format: Hui Yu Chuang, Yu Hsuan Ou. Overexpression of anillin in colorectal cancer promotes the cell proliferation, cell mobility and cell invasion. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4068. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4068
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and IGF binding protein gene expression in multicystic renal dysplasia.
Authors: D G Matsell, T Bennett, R A Armstrong, P Goodyer, C Goodyer, V K Han
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1997)

Multicystic dysplastic kidney disease is the most common form of renal dysplasia that leads to ESRD in children. This study describes the histopathological changes of multicystic dysplasia that occur from early fetal life to the postnatal period. At 14 wk gestation, early cystic enlargement of various segments of the nephron have been identified, in addition to a displaced metanephric blastema adjacent to zones of normal nephrogenesis. At later stages, the predominant features include cyst enlargement with marked fibromuscular collars, architectural disorganization, and replacement of the interstitium with a disarray of mesenchymal tissue. This study investigated the expression of the mRNA encoding the insulin-like growth factors (IGF) and IGF binding proteins (IGFBP) and have demonstrated IGF-II, IGFBP-2, and IGFBP-3 to be altered. Apart from their expression in the displaced metanephric blastema, both IGF-II and IGFBP-2 were overexpressed in abnormal tissue elements in all kidneys from fetal to postnatal life. IGF-II gene expression was localized to mesenchymal tissue, specifically in the periductal fibromuscular collars. IGFBP-2 mRNA was found to be expressed exclusively in the cyst epithelia of all cysts at all ages studied, whereas IGFBP-3 mRNA was absent from these epithelia. This study details the failure of normal IGF expression in the development of multicystic renal dysplasia and suggests a role for the IGF system in the progressive histopathological changes of this disorder.
A multicenter phase II study of irinotecan (CPT), cisplatin (CIS), and bevacizumab (BEV) in patients with unresectable or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma
Authors: M. A. Shah, D. Ilson, R. K. Ramanathan, A. Levner, D. D’Adamo, L. Schwartz, E. Casper, G. K. Schwartz, D. P. Kelsen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

4025 Background: BEV is an anti-VEGF-monoclonal antibody that improves survival in colorectal cancer. CPT/CIS is an active combination in the treatment of gastric and GEJ cancers with a median time to tumor progression(TTP) of 4.5 months. We performed this study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the combination of CPT, CIS, and BEV in the treatment of gastric and GEJ cancers. Methods: Patients with previously untreated metastatic gastric and GEJ adenocarcinomas are eligible. The primary endpoint is to improve median TTP to 7.5 months. Response, survival, and safety are secondary endpoints. Evaluable or measurable disease was required. Patients received BEV 15mg/kg on day 1, CPT 65mg/m2 and CIS 30mg/m2 on days 1 and 8, every 21 days. Response is assessed by RECIST criteria, and CTCv 3.0 was used for toxicity assessment. Results: We have enrolled 24 patients with the following characteristics: median age 55(range 25–67), KPS 80%(70–90%), Male:Female 19:5. We have observed only 3 patients with progression at a median follow up of 3.4 months. The progression free survival at 3 months is 89%(95%CI: 81–100%), and at 6 months, is 76%(52–100%). Median TTP has not been reached. In 16 patients with measurable disease, we have observed 12 confirmed partial responses(75%, 95%CI:47–92%), 3 minor responses(15–29% reduction) and 1 stable disease. The combination therapy has been well tolerated, without an increase in CPT/CIS related toxicity: i.e. grade 3/4 neutropenia, nausea/vomiting, or diarrhea in 8% of patients. However, thromboembolic events were seen in 25% of patients(95%CI:11–45%): 4 patients with asymptomatic pulmonary embolism and 2 patients with deep vein thrombosis. Of 20 patients with their primary tumor in place, 2 patients had a gastric perforation, and another had a near perforation. There was no significant bleeding or toxicity related death. Conclusions: The combination of CPT/CIS/BEV appears active in gastric and GEJ cancers. Though preliminary, the high rates of response and disease control are noteworthy. The combination appears safe, although thromboembolic phenomenon are concerning. Accrual continues. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Genentech
A phase I trial of erlotinib, gemcitabine and radiation for patients with locally advanced, unresectable pancreatic cancer
Authors: J. S. Kortmansky, E. M. O’Reilly, B. D. Minsky, S. A. Puleio, J. Winkelmann, D. P. Kelsen, G. K. Schwartz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

4107 Background: Pre-clinical data indicates that inhibition of EGFR potentiates the effect of gemcitabine (gem) and radiation (RT) in pancreatic cancer cell lines. Based on this data, we are conducting a phase I trial to determine the maximal tolerated dose (MTD) of erlotinib (Tarceva), an oral EGFR TKI, in combination with gemcitabine and RT in patients with histologically-proven, locally-advanced unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Methods: Cohorts of 3–6 patients received escalating doses of erlotinib (100mg, 125mg) with gem (40mg/m2, biw) and RT (50.4 Gy in 28 fractions to the primary and regional nodes.) Four weeks following completion of chemoradiation (CRT), patients received maintenance chemotherapy with gem 1000 mg/m2 (d1, 8 every 21 days) and erlotinib 100 mg daily for 4 cycles. Eligibility criteria included laparoscopically-staged, locally-advanced disease; no prior therapy; normal organ and bone marrow function; ECOG PS ≤ 2. Toxicity was assessed during and for 2 weeks following CRT Results: Nine patients have been enrolled: M:F 3:6, median age 58 (range 45–79), median PS 1. Three patients received erlotinib at 100mg and 6 patients at 125mg. Common non-heme toxicities included fatigue, abdominal pain, nausea/vomiting, weight loss and rash. Grade 3/4 leukopenia (n=4) and thrombocytopenia (n=2) was observed only at erlotinib 125 mg. One patient at 100 mg (fever) and 2 patients at 125 mg (fever, N/V) were hospitalized while receiving CRT. DLT at the 125 mg dose level was observed in 2 patients: persistent myelosuppression which delayed completion of treatment beyond 7.5 weeks (n=1) and grade 3 transaminitis (n=1). Following CRT, 8 patients were evaluated for response radiographically: (7 SD, 1 POD). Of 6 patients with an elevated CA19–9 at baseline, 4 experienced a decrease by > 50%. One patient was referred for exploratory laparotomy and underwent an R1 resection. We are treating 10 additional patients at the MTD to better define toxicity and efficacy. Conclusions: The MTD of erlotinib in combination with gem 40mg/m2 biw and standard RT is 100mg daily. Correlative tissue stained by IHC for EGFR, pEGFR, HER2/neu, pAKT and PTEN will be presented. (Supported by ACS MRSG 04–239-01-CCE) No significant financial relationships to disclose.
2016 update on eating disorders in athletes: A comprehensive narrative review with a focus on clinical assessment and management
Authors: Elizabeth Joy, Andrea Kussman, Aurelia Nattiv
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2016)

Eating disorders, such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, can have devastating effects on both the health and performance of athletes. Compared to non-athletes, both female and male athletes are at higher risk of developing an eating disorder. This is especially true for athletes participating in sports where low body weight or leanness confers a competitive advantage. Screening for disordered eating behaviours, eating disorders and for related health consequences should be a standard component of preparticipation examinations, and team physicians should be knowledgeable of the updated diagnostic criteria for eating disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-V. Athletes with eating disorders should undergo thorough evaluation and treatment by an experienced multidisciplinary team. Team physicians play a critical role in decision-making on clearance for participation and return to play. Using evidence-based guidelines for clearance and return to play encourages transparency and accountability between the sports medicine care team and the athlete. Efforts to prevent eating disorders should be aimed at athletes, coaches, parents and athletic administrators, and focused on expanding knowledge of healthy nutrition in support of sport performance and health.
A 6 year prospective audit of outcome in patients with oesophageal cancer treated with curative intent in a UK cancer network
Authors: T. D. L. Crosby, S. Mukherjee, R. A. Adams
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

4073 Background: Oesophageal cancer is a disease with poor prognosis; overall 5-year survival of 5.6% and 8.3% in UK men and women respectively (National statistics, 1991–95). Increasingly, this cancer is managed by multidisciplinary teams at specialised oesophago-gastric units. Outcome of treatment from one large multidisciplinary unit is presented. Methods: Analysis of prospectively collected data on all patients undergoing potentially curative treatment in a large UK cancer network (population 1.5 Million) between January 1998 and December 2003. Treatment type, trends in adjuvant and non-surgical treatment over time and survival data were analysed. All patients were staged according to protocol including spiral CT and EUS. Results: Of the 817 patients referred over the 6 year period, 330 were treated with curative intent (42%). Demographics: Patients were predominantly male 68% and median age was 63 years (interquartile range 56–70). Tumour was predominantly lower thirds 69%, adenocarcinoma 62% and locally advanced (64% Stage ≥III) with median disease length 5cm. Treatment: Treatment intent was primary surgery (S) in 20% patients,chemotherapy followed by surgery in 20% (C+S), chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery (CRT+S) in 17%, definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) 36% and definitive radiotherapy (RT) in 7%. The ratio of CRT+S:C+S reversed from 5:1 in 1999 to 1:22 in 2003. Survival: The median overall survival was 23.9 months; 5-year overall survival was 28.3%. Median survival and 5 year survival by treatment type respectively: S 26mths and 23.5%, C+S 22mths and 22.1%, CRT+S 31mths and 42.2%, CRT 24mths and 27.2%, RT 14mths and 17% (at 4 years). Conclusions: There has been a trend away from the use of CRT+S in preference for C+S since publication of the MRC OEO2 trial and the relative merits of these therapeutic approaches are uncertain: CRT should be considered in patients not suitable for surgery, and the two treatments tested in a prospective randomised trial. In order to improve overall survival and cure rates it is essential to diagnose patients at a curable early stage of their disease as late presentation remains the norm. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Metabolic syndrome predicts for shorter response to hormonal therapy in prostate cancer
Authors: J. R. Flanagan, C. Carney-Doebbeling, L. Jones, C. Sweeney
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

4554 Background: Metabolic syndrome (MS) includes obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and hypertension. Recent studies have linked the individual components of MS to an increased risk for prostate cancer (PC) and worse PC outcomes. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on 100 consecutive patients treated for prostate cancer at a Veteran’s Administration oncology clinic between 1998–2005. MS was diagnosed according to Adult Treatment Panel III criteria, and was present with ≥3 of 5 components: hypertension (SBP ≥140 mmHg and/or DBP ≥90 mmHg on 2 outpatient visits; obesity (BMI ≥30); hypertriglyceridemia (&gt;150 mg/dL on 2 fasting laboratories); LDL 110 mg/dL (2 outpatient am values while not on steroids). PC variables included baseline PSA at time of PC diagnosis, PSA at initiation of hormonal therapy (HT), presence of documented metastasis at time of HT, and primary PC treatment. We examined time to PSA progression (TTP) and median overall survival (OS) for PC among patients with and without MS using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazard models. Results: 83 patients treated with HT for PC were identified, and 41 (49%) met criteria for MS. Median age in both groups was 68. Median TTP was 16 months with MS vs. 46 months without MS (p = 0.001). In those patients with documented metastasis (DM) at time of HT, median TTP was 11 months with MS vs. 32 months without MS (p = 0.006). OS from time of HT was 40 months with MS, and median survival time for no MS was not reached. In multivariate regression analyses, the hazard ratio (HR) for increased TTP with MS was 3.49 (95% CI 1.86–6.54). HR for TTP with documented metastasis was 5.3 (95% CI 2.65–12.8). Conclusions: This retrospective analysis suggests patients with MS treated with HT for PC have significantly shorter time to PSA progression and worse overall survival. This analysis supports the need for a prospective evaluation of MS as a risk factor for early development of HRPC. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
The relation between health systems coverage and clinical outcomes among women with newly diagnosed breast cancer in a region of southeast Brazil
Authors: M. R. Guerra, M. T. Bustamante-Teixeira, J. R. Duarte Cintra, C. Domenge, G. A. Mendonça, L. J. Passman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

17045 Background: Brazil is a continental size country with a population of 186 million. Breast cancer is the leading cause of death among Brazilian women. There are two principal forms of health systems coverage: a universal government system, Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), and private health insurance (PHI). We investigated whether clinical outcomes among women with newly diagnosed breast cancer differed according to health system used. Methods: We studied breast cancer patients in the Juiz de Fora metropolitan area of the state of Minas Gerais, where the educational attainment, income and racial composition of the population of approximately 1 million roughly mirror that of the nation. We studied all breast cancer patients newly diagnosed from 1998 to 2000 who were treated with standard consensus guidelines regimens, to compare outcomes in the two Brazilian health systems. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard model were used to calculate overall survival (OS) and to determine the prognostic importance of health systems after adjusting for factors as age, stage, and race. Results: 869 patients were studied with a follow-up of at least 5 years; median 5.3 years. SUS patients presented with more advanced disease than PHI patients (P&lt;0.001). At 5 years, OS was 69% for SUS patients versus 79% for PHI patients (p=0.003); however, when adjusted for age, stage, and race this effect disappeared (p=0.13). The adjusted relative risk of death for SUS compared to PHI patients was 1.3 (95%CI: 0.9 to 1.8). Conclusions: In the two Brazilian health systems, women with breast cancer treated with guideline protocols have similar stage-adjusted clinical outcomes. However, women in the public system are diagnosed at more advanced stages, and thus have significantly poorer outcomes. This suggests that such women would benefit from improved access to screening and referral for evaluation that promotes earlier diagnosis and treatment. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Burnout in oncology--physician heal thyself.
Authors: M D Abeloff
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1991)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1991.9.10.1721 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 1919621 Burnout in oncology--physician heal thyself. M D AbeloffxM D AbeloffSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1991.9.10.1721 PDF "Burnout in oncology--physician heal thyself.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 9(10), pp. 1721–1722© 1991 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
A prognostic model for survival after urinary diversion for malignant ureteral obstruction: A prospective study of 208 patients.
Authors: Mauricio Cordeiro, Rafael Coelho, Rodrigo Rodrigues Pessoa, Daher Cesar Chade, Giuliano Betuni Guglielmetti, Jose Roberto Junior, Matheus Chaib, Miguel Srougi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

102 Background: To determine prognostic factors and create a model for risk stratification in patients with malignant obstructive uropathy. Methods: We prospectively collected clinical and laboratory variables of 208 patients who underwent palliative urinary diversion by ureteral stenting or percutaneous nephrostomy between January 2009 and November 2011 in two tertiary care university hospitals, with minimum 6 months follow-up. Inclusion criteria were age&gt;18yr and malignant urinary obstruction confirmed by computed tomography, ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging. Results: Median survival after urinary diversion was 144 days. At the end of the study 164 patients died, 44 (21.2%) during the urinary diversion hospitalization. There was no difference in overall survival between the 2 types of diversion (p=0.216). The number of events related to malignant dissemination (≥4) and ECOG index≥2 were associated with shorter survival in multivariable analysis. Using these 2 risk factors (RF), patients were divided into 3 groups: favorable(no RF), intermediate(1RF) and unfavorable(2RF). The median survival at 1, 6, and 12 months was 94.4%, 57.3% and 44.9% in the favorable group, 78.0%, 36.3%, and 15.5% in the intermediate, and 46.4%, 14.3%, and 7.1% in the unfavorable. There were differences in survival profiles of the 3 groups (p&lt;0.001). Conclusions: Our stratification model may be useful tool to determine whether urinary diversion procedures are indicated in patients with malignant urinary obstruction.
<i>Notes from the Field</i>: Circulating Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus Outbreaks — Five Countries, 2014–2015
Authors: Michelle Morales, Chimeremma D. Nnadi, Rudolf H. Tangermann, Steven G.F. Wassilak
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2016)

In 2015, wild poliovirus (WPV) transmission was identified in only Afghanistan and Pakistan (1). The widespread use of live, attenuated oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) has been key in polio eradication efforts. However, OPV use, particularly in areas with low vaccination coverage, is associated with the low risk for emergence of vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPV), which can cause paralysis (2). VDPVs vary genetically from vaccine viruses and can cause outbreaks in areas with low vaccination coverage. Circulating VDPVs (cVDPVs) are VDPVs in confirmed outbreaks. Single VDPVs for which the origin cannot be determined are classified as ambiguous (aVDPVs), which can also cause paralysis. Among the three types of WPV, type 2 has been declared to be eradicated. More than 90% of cVDPV cases have been caused by type 2 cVDPVs (cVDPV2). Therefore, in April 2016, all OPV-using countries of the world are discontinuing use of type 2 Sabin vaccine by simultaneously switching from trivalent OPV (types 1, 2, and 3) to bivalent OPV (types 1 and 3) for routine and supplementary immunization. The World Health Organization recently broadened the definition of cVDPVs to include any VDPV with genetic evidence of prolonged transmission (i.e., >1.5 years) and indicated that any single VDPV2 event (a case of paralysis caused by a VDPV or isolation of a VDPV from an environmental specimen) should elicit a detailed outbreak investigation and local immunization response. A confirmed cVDPV2 detection should elicit a full poliovirus outbreak response that includes multiple supplemental immunization activities (SIAs); an aVDPV designation should be made only after investigation and response (3). Since 2005, there have been 1-8 cVDPV outbreaks and 3-12 aVDPV events per year. There are currently five active cVDPV outbreaks in Guinea, Laos, Madagascar, Myanmar, and Ukraine, and four other active VDPV events.