tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Properties of Mouse Mammary Epithelial Cell Lines Characterized by In Vivo Transplantation and In Vitro Immunocytochemical Methods&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: D Medina, C J Oborn, F S Kittrell, R L Ullrich
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1986)

Immunocytochemical and in vivo transplantation methods were used to study the characteristics of a series of newly developed mammary epithelial cell lines. These mouse mammary cell lines were derived from mid-pregnant primiparous BALB/c female mice and were routinely grown in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium supplemented with 1% fetal bovine serum, insulin, transferrin, epidermal growth factor, and selenite. Of the 6 cell lines, 1 cell line, COMMA-D, produced normal and preneoplastic mammary outgrowths when it was transplanted into mammary fat pads of syngeneic mice. One cell line, MOD, produced only mammary adenocarcinomas. The other 4 cell lines, COMMA-F, COMMA-T, MOMA-1, and MOMA-2, produced neither normal nor neoplastic outgrowths. Immunocytochemical staining with polyclonal antibodies to keratin and vimentin intermediate filament proteins revealed that 5 of the 6 cell lines were epithelial. The sixth cell line, MOMA-2, was apparently of fibroblastic origin. The COMMA-D cell line was unique compared to the other cell lines with respect to several characteristics. The cell line was morphologically heterogeneous as determined by phase-contrast microscopy, cytologically heterogeneous as determined by immunocytochemical staining, and heterogeneous with respect to DNA content. Finally, the full morphogenic potential of COMMA-D included not only normal mammary ductal and preneoplastic mammary alveolar outgrowths but also adenocarcinomas and fibrosarcomas. The expression of this morphogenic potential upon transplantation in vivo was drastically diminished after passage 14. The significance of the cellular heterogeneity with respect to expression of mammary-specific morphogenesis is not understood at this time; however, conceivably, the observed heterogeneity reflects an essential requirement for morphogenesis in vivo. The transplantation and immunocytochemical characteristics provide the descriptive basis for further studies on these cell lines to determine the cell lineages involved in morphogenesis and preneoplastic transformation in vivo.
SGN-CD33A in Combination with Cytarabine or Hypomethylating Agents Demonstrates Enhanced Anti-Leukemic Activity in Preclinical Models of AML
Authors: May S.K. Sutherland, Changpu Yu, Martha Anderson, Kim Emmerton, Weiping Zeng, Megan M. O'Meara, Dana A. Kennedy, Maureen C. Ryan, Dennis R. Benjamin
Journal: Blood (2014)
The Relation and Value Of Endoscopy Biopsy In Different Sites For The Diagnosis Of Lower and Upper intestinal Graft-Versus-Host Disease
Authors: Morgani Rodrigues, Erika Maria de Macedo Costa, Alessandro deMoura Almeida, Reijane Alves de Assis, Fernanda Nazare Cardoso Santos, Erika Abdon Oliveira, Denise dacunha Pasqualin, Alanna Mara P. S Bezerra, Iracema Esteves, Karine Sampaio Nunes Barroso, Fabio R. Kerbauy, Jose Mauro Kutner, Andreza Alice Feitosa Ribeiro, Jairo Sobrinho, Margareth Afonso Torres, Nelson Hamerschlak
Journal: Blood (2013)
Rates of prophylactic mastectomy triple in decade, study shows
Authors: Jacqui Wise
Journal: BMJ (2016)

The rates of prophylactic mastectomy more than tripled from 2002 to 2012 in a US cohort of women with invasive breast cancer despite this option offering no significant survival benefit over breast conservation, a study published in the Annals of Surgery has found.1

Researchers analysed data on 496 488 women with unilateral stages I to III breast cancer diagnosed from 1998 to 2012 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results registry, which collects data on …
Defective Monocyte Function in Patients With Genitourinary Carcinoma 2
Authors: Marvin S. Hausman, Stanley Brosman, Ralph Snyderman, M. Ray Mickey, John Fahey
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

Journal Article Defective Monocyte Function in Patients With Genitourinary Carcinoma Get access Marvin S. Hausman, Marvin S. Hausman Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Stanley Brosman, Stanley Brosman Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Ralph Snyderman, Ralph Snyderman Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M. Ray Mickey, M. Ray Mickey Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar John Fahey John Fahey Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 55, Issue 5, November 1975, Pages 1047–1054, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/55.5.1047 Published: 01 November 1975 Article history Received: 10 July 1974 Revision received: 24 June 1975 Accepted: 30 June 1975 Published: 01 November 1975
Five‐year recurrence rate of lentigo maligna after off‐label treatment with imiquimod
Authors: S.H. Cliff
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2016)

Journal Article Five‐year recurrence rate of lentigo maligna after off‐label treatment with imiquimod Get access S.H. Cliff S.H. Cliff Surrey and Sussex University NHS Trust Redhill, Surrey U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 174, Issue 1, 1 January 2016, Pages 22–23, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.14259 Published: 01 January 2016
Abstract IA29: Using mitochondria to guide leukemia therapy.
Authors: Anthony Letai, Leah Hogdal, Triona Chonghaile, Alejandro Gutierrez, Justine Roderick, Michelle Kelliher, Marina Konopleva
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Most biomarkers in cancer rely on the study of parts of dead cells: DNA, RNA, or proteins. Studying viable functioning cells offers the opportunity to capture some of the complexity that is lost upon killing the cancer cell. BH3 profiling uses BH3 peptides derived from pro-apoptotic proteins to perturb functional mitochondria from cancer cells. The effect of these peptides on mitochondria provides very useful information to guide cancer therapy. Examples include the identification of CLL, AML, and ETP-ALL as disease that are sensitive to BCL-2 inhibition, identifications that are now being tested in the clinic. In addition BH3 profiling can guide the use of conventional chemotherapy and novel targeted pathway inhibitors in the clinic. Citation Format: Anthony Letai, Leah Hogdal, Triona Chonghaile, Alejandro Gutierrez, Justine Roderick, Michelle Kelliher, Marina Konopleva. Using mitochondria to guide leukemia therapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Hematologic Malignancies: Translating Discoveries to Novel Therapies; Sep 20-23, 2014; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2015;21(17 Suppl):Abstract nr IA29.
The NHS is no longer an attractive option
Authors: Meirion Thomas
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2016)

Could it be that tonsillectomy, which is undertaken on roughly 1:1000 of England’s population every year, is the most frequent example of the late David Sackett’s worries #3 and #4? Both patients and clinicians appear to like the operation; yet, sham surgery is self-evidently impossible, and surgeons rely not upon their own observations, but patient-reported outcomes, such as number of sore throat days, to justify it. Perhaps the time has come to assign tonsillectomy to the same waste bin as internal mammary artery ligation?
A prodrug-doped cellular Trojan Horse for the potential treatment of prostate cancer
Authors: Oren Levy, W. Nathaniel Brennen, Edward Han, David Marc Rosen, Juliet Musabeyezu, Helia Safaee, Sudhir Ranganath, Jessica Ngai, Martina Heinelt, Yuka Milton, Hao Wang, Sachin H. Bhagchandani, Nitin Joshi, Neil Bhowmick, Samuel R. Denmeade, John T. Isaacs, Jeffrey M. Karp
Journal: Biomaterials (2016)
Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis without Nasal Polyps in a Tertiary Care Setting
Authors: Mariel G. Rosati, Whitney W. Stevens, Newton Li, Sumit Bose, Leslie C. Grammer, Kathryn E. Hulse, Atsushi Kato, Robert C. Kern, Bruce K. Tan, Stephanie S. Smith, David B. Conley, Pedro C. Avila, Robert P. Schleimer, Anju T. Peters
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Novel Bioluminescent Activatable Reporter for Src Tyrosine Kinase Activity in Living Mice
Authors: Weibing Leng, Dezhi Li, Liang Chen, Hongwei Xia, Qiulin Tang, Baoqin Chen, Qiyong Gong, Fabao Gao, Feng Bi
Journal: Theranostics (2016)

Aberrant activation of the Src kinase is implicated in the development of a variety of human malignancies. However, it is almost impossible to monitor Src activity in an in vivo setting with current biochemical techniques. To facilitate the noninvasive investigation of the activity of Src kinase both in vitro and in vivo, we developed a genetically engineered, activatable bioluminescent reporter using split-luciferase complementation. The bioluminescence of this reporter can be used as a surrogate for Src activity in real time. This hybrid luciferase reporter was constructed by sandwiching a Src-dependent conformationally responsive unit (SH2 domain-Srcpep) between the split luciferase fragments. The complementation bioluminescence of this reporter was dependent on the Src activity status. In our study, Src kinase activity in cultured cells and tumor xenografts was monitored quantitatively and dynamically in response to clinical small-molecular kinase inhibitors, dasatinib and saracatinib. This system was also applied for high-throughput screening of Src inhibitors against a kinase inhibitor library in living cells. These results provide unique insights into drug development and pharmacokinetics/phoarmocodynamics of therapeutic drugs targeting Src signaling pathway enabling the optimization of drug administration schedules for maximum benefit. Using both Firefly and Renilla luciferase imaging, we have successfully monitored Src tyrosine kinase activity and Akt serine/threonine kinase activity concurrently in one tumor xenograft. This dual luciferase reporter imaging system will be helpful in exploring the complex signaling networks in vivo. The strategies reported here can also be extended to study and image other important kinases and the cross-talks among them.
Refugee migration and risk of schizophrenia and other non-affective psychoses: cohort study of 1.3 million people in Sweden
Authors: Anna-Clara Hollander, Henrik Dal, Glyn Lewis, Cecilia Magnusson, James B Kirkbride, Christina Dalman
Journal: BMJ (2016)

<b>Objective</b>&nbsp;To determine whether refugees are at elevated risk of schizophrenia and other non-affective psychotic disorders, relative to non-refugee migrants from similar regions of origin and the Swedish-born population. <b>Design</b>&nbsp;Cohort study of people living in Sweden, born after 1 January 1984 and followed from their 14th birthday or arrival in Sweden, if later, until diagnosis of a non-affective psychotic disorder, emigration, death, or 31 December 2011. <b>Setting</b>&nbsp;Linked Swedish national register data. <b>Participants</b>&nbsp;1 347 790 people, including people born in Sweden to two Swedish-born parents (1 191 004; 88.4%), refugees (24 123; 1.8%), and non-refugee migrants (132 663; 9.8%) from four major refugee generating regions: the Middle East and north Africa, sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, and Eastern Europe and Russia. <b>Main outcome measures</b>&nbsp;Cox regression analysis was used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios for non-affective psychotic disorders by refugee status and region of origin, controlling for age at risk, sex, disposable income, and population density. <b>Results</b>&nbsp;3704 cases of non-affective psychotic disorder were identified during 8.9 million person years of follow-up. The crude incidence rate was 38.5 (95% confidence interval 37.2 to 39.9) per 100 000 person years in the Swedish-born population, 80.4 (72.7 to 88.9) per 100 000 person years in non-refugee migrants, and 126.4 (103.1 to 154.8) per 100 000 person years in refugees. Refugees were at increased risk of psychosis compared with both the Swedish-born population (adjusted hazard ratio 2.9, 95% confidence interval 2.3 to 3.6) and non-refugee migrants (1.7, 1.3 to 2.1) after adjustment for confounders. The increased rate in refugees compared with non-refugee migrants was more pronounced in men (likelihood ratio test for interaction χ<sup>2</sup> (df=2) z=13.5; P=0.001) and was present for refugees from all regions except sub-Saharan Africa. Both refugees and non-refugee migrants from sub-Saharan Africa had similarly high rates relative to the Swedish-born population. <b>Conclusions</b>&nbsp;Refugees face an increased risk of schizophrenia and other non-affective psychotic disorders compared with non-refugee migrants from similar regions of origin and the native-born Swedish population. Clinicians and health service planners in refugee receiving countries should be aware of a raised risk of psychosis in addition to other mental and physical health inequalities experienced by refugees.
IMPS-11EXPRESSION AND PROGNOSTIC IMPACT OF IMMUNE MODULATORY MOLECULE PD-L1 IN MENINGIOMA
Authors: Seunggu Han, Gerald Reis, Gary Kohanbash, Shruti Srivastav, Stephen Magill, Annette Molinaro, Michael McDermott, Philip Theodosopoulos, Manish Aghi, Mitchel Berger, Igor Barani, Joanna Phillips, Arie Perry, Hideho Okada
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

Meningiomas represent the most common intracranial tumor in adults, and treatment options are currently limited for recurrent high grade meningiomas. While immunotherapy may offer promising new approaches for these tumors, little is known of the immune landscape in meningiomas. We sought to characterize the immune microenvironment across WHO grade I-III cases of meningiomas, and how infiltrating immune populations relate to patient outcomes. Immunohistochemistry was performed on tissue microarrays constructed from 96 meningioma cases. The cohort included 16 WHO grade I, 62 WHO grade II, and 18 WHO grade III tumors. Immunohistochemistry was performed using antibodies against CD3, CD8, CD20, CD68 and the immunomodulatory molecule, PD-L1. Dual staining using anti-PD-L1 and anti-CD68 antibodies was performed using fluorescence-conjugated secondary antibodies. Automated cell detection and positive staining detection algorithms were applied using StrataQuest software (Tissuegnostics, Vienna). Greater degree of PD-L1 expression was found in higher grade tumors. Higher grade tumors contained increased numbers of intratumoral CD68-, PD-L1+ cells (p = 0.022), but not double positive CD68 + , PD-L1+ infiltrating cells. Higher PD-L1 expression was independently predictive of worse overall survival in our cohort when accounting for grade, performance status, extent of resection, and recurrence history in a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model (p = 0.021). Partitioning analysis revealed >7.76% PD-L1-positive cells as the most significant cut-off predicting worse overall survival. Higher expression of PD-L1 was also present in tumors that had undergone prior radiotherapy (p = 0.041). There was no correlation between degree of PD-L1 expression and fractions of infiltrating CD3 + , CD8 + , CD20+ or CD68+ cells. CD3, CD8, CD20 or CD68 subpopulations were also not associated with survival outcomes. The association with decreased overall survival in our study suggests that PD-L1 may play a significant biologic role in the aggressive phenotype of higher grade meningiomas. Thus, immunotherapeutic agents may have clinical utility in PD-L1 overexpressing meningiomas.
Schistosoma mansoni and membranous nephropathy
Authors: Precil D.M.M. Neves, Kalyanna S. Bezerra, Marcelo A.D. Silveira, Luis Yu, Viktoria Woronik, Lectícia B. Jorge, Leonardo A. Testagrossa, Denise M.A. Costa Malheiros, Cristiane B. Dias
Journal: Kidney International (2016)
BOLERO-6: Phase II study of everolimus plus exemestane versus everolimus or capecitabine monotherapy in HR<sup>+</sup>, HER2<sup>-</sup> advanced breast cancer.
Authors: Bent Ejlertsen, Guy Heinrich Maria Jerusalem, Sara A. Hurvitz, Richard H. De Boer, Tanya Taran, Tarek Sahmoud, Howard A. Burris
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

TPS660 Background: Everolimus (EVE), an orally bioavailable inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), has shown clinical activity as monotherapy and in combination with endocrine therapy (ET) in hormone-receptor–positive (HR + ; estrogen and/or progesterone receptors) advanced breast cancer (ABC). In a pivotal phase 3 trial in patients with HR + ABC progressing on ET, EVE + exemestane (EXE) significantly prolonged median progression-free survival (PFS) vs EXE alone per local (7.8 vs 3.2 months; log-rank P&lt;.0001) or central (11.0 months for EVE+EXE vs 4.1 months for EXE alone; log-rank P&lt;.0001) assessment. Capecitabine, an orally administered fluoropyrimidine carbamate indicated as monotherapy in paclitaxel and/or anthracycline-refractory ABC, has shown clinical benefit in patients with HR + , human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2 - ) ABC. The BOLERO-6 study in patients with HR + , HER2 - ABC progressing on prior anastrozole or letrozole will compare PFS following EVE+EXE combination therapy vs EVE or capecitabine monotherapy. Methods: In this multicenter, open-label, randomized, 3-arm, phase 2 study, 300 patients will be randomized to receive either EVE (10 mg/d) + EXE (25 mg/d) combination therapy, or EVE (10 mg/d) alone, or capecitabine (1,250 mg/m 2 twice daily for 14 d/3-wk cycle) alone, until disease progression. Patients will be stratified based on the presence of visceral disease. Key eligibility criteria include age ≥18 years, postmenopausal status; histologic or cytologic confirmation of estrogen-receptor–positive, HER2 - ABC; radiologic or objective evidence of recurrence or progression on prior aromatase inhibitors; Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status ≤2. The primary endpoint is PFS with EVE+EXE vs EVE, based on local radiologic assessment (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors [RECIST] 1.1). The key secondary endpoint is PFS with EVE+EXE vs capecitabine. Other secondary endpoints include overall survival, objective response rate, clinical benefit rate, safety, quality of life, and patient satisfaction with treatment. Enrollment will start in Q1 2013. Estimated study completion in Q1 2015. Clinical trial information: NCT01783444.
Vaginal cuff brachytherapy combined with carboplatin and paclitaxel as adjuvant therapy for high-intermediate-risk patients with endometrial carcinoma.
Authors: L. M. Landrum, R. S. Mannel, K. N. Moore, J. L. Walker, E. J. Syzek, R. E. Zuna, D. S. McMeekin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

5095 Background: GOG 99 defined a subgroup of patients with early stage endometrial cancer with high-intermediate-risk (H-IR) factors that were at recurrence risk of 27%. Criteria included grade 2-3, LVSI, and outer third myometrial invasion. Patients were classified as H-IR if all three factors were present or at least age 70 with any one factor, or at least 50 with any two factors. The objective of this phase II study was to determine progression free survival (PFS) and toxicity for H-IR patients treated with adjuvant vaginal cuff brachytherapy (VCB) and 3 cycles of chemotherapy with carboplatin and paclitaxel following surgical staging. Methods: Surgically-staged women with for H-IR or stage I-IIB serous or clear cell carcinoma were treated with 3 fractions of VCB (700 cGy), followed by 3 cycles of paclitaxel (175 mg/m2) and carboplatin (AUC 6). Primary endpoint was PFS at 2-years and toxicity (assessed using CTCAE v.3). Patients were evaluated every 3 months for recurrence or toxicity. Results: All patients completed VCB and 19/23 patients (83%) completed both VCB and 3 cycles of chemotherapy. No acute toxicity was reported with VCB, but vaginal stenosis (n = 2), urinary retention (n = 2), and dysparuenia (n = 1) were noted at 3 month examinations. In all cases, improvements were noted at 6 month follow-up. The mean time to complete VCB was 14.5 days (range 7-18). In total 60 cycles of chemotherapy were given, with one dose reduction (1.6%) for grade 3 neuropathy and 7 delays (11.6%) in treatment due to neutropenia or thrombocytopenia. Median follow-up is 12 months with only 1 recurrence identified. This recurrence was identified at the 6 month surveillance visit with both local (vaginal cuff) and distant (lung) disease. Conclusions: Combined adjuvant therapy with VCB and chemotherapy is well tolerated in a population of patients with H-IR endometrial carcinoma. VCB can be completed within a two-week period to reduce risk of local recurrences without delaying systemic therapy. Surveillance for the study will be finalized at 2 years, but with a median follow-up of 1 year, only one patient has recurred. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Cancer in Adolescents and Young Adults
Authors: Ronald D. Barr, Andrea Ferrari, Lynn Ries, Jeremy Whelan, W. Archie Bleyer
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2016)

Although cancer remains the most common cause of disease-related death in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) in high-income countries, their overall survival rates continue to increase and now exceed 80% at 5 years in several high-income countries. This has been accomplished through progressive improvements in active treatment and supportive care, although accrual rates to therapeutic clinical trials remain disappointing. Recognition of the unique distribution of diseases in the AYA population with cancer and further understanding of the distinctive biology of cancers in AYAs will lead to continuing gains in clinical outcomes.Many of the challenges faced by AYAs with a diagnosis of malignant disease are shared by others with chronic medical conditions and even their healthy peers, such as a sense of invulnerability that may contribute to delays in diagnosis. A particular need for psychological support has been identified for AYAs with cancer, even after active therapy has been completed and especially in the context of palliative care. Notable needs also include fertility preservation and navigation through the multiple transitions in the cancer journey. Additionally, there is a "cost of cure." This is not only in the form of short-term, treatment-related morbidity and mortality but also in the burden of "late effects," including second cancers, that compromise quality of life and limit life expectancy. Establishing clinical programs devoted to AYAs with cancer, with complementary educational initiatives, will strengthen the advances made. It is anticipated that clinical trial accrual will increase substantially, providing further gains in survival. Likewise, addressing the challenges of survivorship, including secondary prevention of long-term morbidity and mortality, will lead to additional improvements in clinical outcomes.Transferring this knowledge to the care of an estimated 1 million incident cases of cancer in AYAs worldwide, most of whom do not live in high-income countries, remains a considerable challenge.