tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A case of lymphoblastoid natural killer (NK)-cell lymphoma: association with the NK-cell receptor complex CD94/NKG2 and TP53 intragenic deletion
Authors: H. Knudsen, K. Grønbaek, P. Thor Straten, C. Gisselø, P. Johansen, S. Timshel, O.J. Bergmann, N.E. Hansen, E. Ralfkiaer
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Summary The clinical, histological, phenotypic and genotypic features of a lymphoblastoid natural killer (NK)‐cell lymphoma presenting in the skin in a young caucasian woman are described. The disease behaved aggressively, but long‐lasting remission was obtained by combination chemotherapy followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation. The blastoid cells were positive for terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase, CD34, CD56 and CD4. Furthermore, the NK‐cell receptor complex CD94/NKG2 was strongly expressed, as shown by examination with reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. The T‐cell receptor (TCR)‐γ genes were in germline, and with the exception of CD4 all T‐cell antigens were negative, including CD3, TCR‐β, TCR‐δ, TIA‐1, granzyme B and perforin. Epstein–Barr virus was negative, and no expression was seen of myeloid cell‐associated markers. Molecular analysis showed no abnormalities of the CDKN2A (p16), CDKN2B (p15) or TNFRSF6 (Fas) genes. By contrast, a 34‐bp deletion in exon 7 of the TP53 (p53) gene was detected. It is suggested that lymphoblastoid NK‐cell lymphoma, which is a rare but distinctive disease, originates from NK cell precursors and may be associated with and possibly caused by alterations in the TP53 gene. Experience is too limited to warrant therapeutic suggestions. However, stem cell transplantation may be a useful option in younger patients.
Proposed Legislation to Address HIV in Minority Communities
Authors: Laura Buchholz
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effect of galactosamine on hepatic carbohydrate metabolism: Protective role of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
Authors: Jarbas R. de Oliveira, Jose Luis Rosa, Santiago Ambrosio, Ramon Bartrons
Journal: Hepatology (1992)

Intraperitoneal administration of galactosamine (400 mg/kg body wt) to rats results in reversible liver cell injury that is related to a dose–dependent depletion of uridine phosphates by formation of UDP–sugar derivatives. This damage was monitored through changes in serum enzymatic activities that increased after the first 6 hr of drug administration. Glycemia and serum albumin remained stable during liver injury, whereas cholesterol and triglycerides decreased. To maintain plasma glucose concentration, the hepatic carbohydrate metabolism was greatly altered. Glycogen dropped during the first hours, remaining low for up to 48 hr. Fructose 2,6–bisphosphate and ATP levels decreased even faster than glycogen, with lactate following a similar diminution and being restored in parallel with both metabolites. The reduction in fructose 2,6–bisphosphate can be explained by changes in the substrates or modulators of the 6–phosphofructo–2–kinase/fructose 2,6–bisphosphatase, because neither the cyclic AMP levels nor the activity ratio of the enzyme were modified. Simultaneous administration of galactosamine and fructose 1,6–bisphosphate (2 gm/kg) prevented liver cell death, as monitored by serum enzyme activities. Furthermore, the bisphosphorylated metabolite had protective effects on the changes in liver calcium content and ATP and fructose 2,6–bisphosphate concentrations. In contrast, fructose, fructose–1–phosphate and fructose–6–phosphate had no significant protection. Fructose 1,6–bisphosphate might decrease galactosamine toxicity by increasing fructose 2,6–bisphosphate and ATP levels, the changes in both metabolites probably being related. The significance of these findings with respect to the mechanism of galactosamine–induced liver injury is also discussed. (Hepatology 1992;15:1147-1153).
Characterisation of normal human myocardium by means of morphometric analysis
Authors: M A GREGORY, C J BROUCKAERT, I D WHITTON
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1983)

A morphometric analysis of ventricular myofibres, in specimens taken at necropsy from ten normal hearts, was performed to determine the distribution of fibre and nuclear diameters and their dependence on sampling position within the heart (group a). To assess the significance of the findings, two control groups of specimens were subjected to the same analysis: b) specimens from the hearts of four patients who had died of African cardiomyopathy; c) biopsies taken from the left ventricles of two hearts undergoing surgical repair of atrial septal defects (ASD), in which the myocardium is considered normal. Although mean values for the left ventricle were 13% greater on average than those for the right, a linear correlation, independent of sampling position, was found between nuclear and fibre diameter. Mean fibre and nuclear diameters for specimens from the normal and ASD control groups followed the same correlation as for individual normal fibres, whereas there was a significant deviation in the case of the cardiomyopathy specimens. The relationship between nuclear and fibre diameters was found to distinguish between normal and pathological specimens more clearly than the mean values of either dimension considered separately. It is suggested that this relationship is a more sensitive criterion of ventricular fibre normality or pathology than the parameters used in previous studies of this nature.
PPARγ controls CD1d expression by turning on retinoic acid synthesis in developing human dendritic cells
Authors: Istvan Szatmari, Attila Pap, Ralph Rühl, Jiang-Xing Ma, Petr A. Illarionov, Gurdyal S. Besra, Eva Rajnavolgyi, Balazs Dezso, Laszlo Nagy
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2006)

Dendritic cells (DCs) expressing CD1d, a molecule responsible for lipid antigen presentation, are capable of enhancing natural killer T (iNKT) cell proliferation. The signals controlling CD1 expression and lipid antigen presentation are poorly defined. We have shown previously that stimulation of the lipid-activated transcription factor, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ, indirectly regulates CD1d expression. Here we demonstrate that PPARγ, turns on retinoic acid synthesis by inducing the expression of retinol and retinal metabolizing enzymes such as retinol dehydrogenase 10 and retinaldehyde dehydrogenase type 2 (RALDH2). PPARγ-regulated expression of these enzymes leads to an increase in the intracellular generation of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) from retinol. ATRA regulates gene expression via the activation of the retinoic acid receptor (RAR)α in human DCs, and RARα acutely regulates CD1d expression. The retinoic acid–induced elevated expression of CD1d is coupled to enhanced iNKT cell activation. Furthermore, in vivo relevant lipids such as oxidized low-density lipoprotein can also elicit retinoid signaling leading to CD1d up-regulation. These data show that regulation of retinoid metabolism and signaling is part of the PPARγ-controlled transcriptional events in DCs. The uncovered mechanisms allow the DCs to respond to altered lipid homeostasis by changing CD1 gene expression.
Submissions, publications and reviewers from Europe: focus on Spain
Authors: T Opthof
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1999)

of Cardiovascular Research at reviewers in our database.One reason for this is that the occasion of the congress of the European Society of reviewers are a.o.recruited from the group of authors of Cardiology in Vienna we commented on the increase in published papers.submissions from Europe from 1992 to 1997 [1].Now, one Fig. 3 shows the percentage of submitted and published year later at the occasion of the 1999 version of the same papers from Germany and the United Kingdom over the congress in Barcelona, we present statistical data on the past years.Trends for both countries are opposite over the number of submissions, publications and reviewer's re-last years with increases for Germany and decreases for the ports from Europe.Fig. 1 shows that the number of United Kingdom, but both countries have in common that submissions in 1998 was, again, higher (571) than in all preceding years.Fig. 2 shows that for the first time in the history of Cardiovascular Research the number of publications from Europe exceeded 50%.Fig. 2 also demonstrates -on a percentage scale -that there were more publications than submissions from Europe in 1998, indicating increased quality of European cardiovascular research.Table 1 shows detailed information on the geographical distribution of the number of submissions, publications and reviewer's reports in 1998.At first glance the column on published papers may appear peculiar, because it shows decimal numbers.This is caused by the fact that papers may be published by authors from different countries.A paper f.e.published by Norwegian and German
Endothelial Dysfunction Induced by Hyperhomocyst(e)inemia
Authors: Markus C. Stühlinger, Roberta K. Oka, Eric E. Graf, Isabella Schmölzer, Barbara M. Upson, Om Kapoor, Andrzej Szuba, M. Rene Malinow, Thomas C. Wascher, Otmar Pachinger, John P. Cooke
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Background— Endothelial function is impaired by hyperhomocyst(e)inemia. We have previously shown that homocyst(e)ine (Hcy) inhibits NO production by cultured endothelial cells by causing the accumulation of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA). The present study was designed to determine if the same mechanism is operative in humans. Methods and Results— We studied 9 patients with documented peripheral arterial disease (6 men; 3 women; age, 64±3 years), 9 age-matched individuals at risk for atherosclerosis (older adults; 9 men; age, 65±1 years), and 5 young control subjects (younger adults; 5 men; age, 31±1 years) without evidence of or risk factors for atherosclerosis. Endothelial function was measured by flow-mediated vasodilatation of the brachial artery before and 4 hours after a methionine-loading test (100 mg/kg body weight, administered orally). In addition, blood was drawn at both time points for measurements of Hcy and ADMA concentrations. Plasma Hcy increased after the methionine-loading test in each group (all, P &lt;0.001). Plasma ADMA levels rose in all subjects, from 0.9±0.2 to 1.6±0.2 μmol/L in younger adults, from 1.5±0.2 to 3.0±0.4 μmol/L in older adults, and from 1.8±0.1 to 3.9±0.3 μmol/L in peripheral arterial disease patients (all, P &lt;0.001). Flow-mediated vasodilatation was reduced from 13±2% to 10±1% in younger adults, from 6±1% to 5±1% in older adults, and from 7±1% to 3±1% in peripheral arterial disease patients (all, P &lt;0.001). Furthermore, we found positive correlations between plasma Hcy and ADMA concentrations ( P =0.03, r =0.450), as well as ADMA and flow-mediated vasodilatation ( P =0.002, r =0.623). Conclusions— Our results suggest that experimental hyperhomocyst(e)inemia leads to accumulation of the endogenous NO synthase inhibitor ADMA, accompanied by varying degrees of endothelial dysfunction according to the preexisting state of cardiovascular health.
EBV MicroRNAs in Primary Lymphomas and Targeting of <i>CXCL-11</i> by ebv-mir-BHRF1-3
Authors: Tianli Xia, Andrea O'Hara, Iguaracyra Araujo, Jose Barreto, Eny Carvalho, Jose Bahia Sapucaia, Juan Carlos Ramos, Estela Luz, Celia Pedroso, Michele Manrique, Ngoc L. Toomey, Carlos Brites, Dirk P. Dittmer, William J. Harrington
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract EBV-encoded microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified and their functions are being studied. The expression pattern of these miRNAs in clinical samples of EBV-associated non–Hodgkin's lymphomas is unknown. We analyzed five primary “endemic” pediatric Burkitt's lymphomas (BL), two acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related type I latency BL lines, a type III latency line, three EBV+ primary effusion lymphomas (PEL), and three AIDS-related diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) for expression of EBV-encoded miRNAs. A markedly elevated expression of miRNA BHRF1-3 in type III relative to its parental type I BL line was found. Primary unmanipulated type I BLs and EBV+ PELs expressed high levels of BART2 miRNA, whereas DLBCLs expressed both BART2 and BHRF1-3 species. BHRF1-3 miRNA expression inversely correlated with levels of a putative cellular target, the IFN-inducible T-cell attracting chemokine CXCL-11/I-TAC, and suppression of this factor was reversed by transfection of an antisense oligo to the EBV miRNA BHRF1-3. EBV-encoded miRNAs are expressed in primary lymphomas classically linked to the virus and are associated with the viral latency status. Targeted suppression of CXCL-11/I-TAC by a viral-encoded miRNA may serve as an immunomodulatory mechanism in these tumors. [Cancer Res 2008;68(5):1436–42]
Atrial high energy phosphate content and mitochondrial enzyme activity during chronic atrial fibrillation
Authors: J Ausma
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2000)

Objective: Prolonged atrial fibrillation (AF) results in (ultra)structural remodelling of atrial cardiomyocytes resembling alterations seen in ischemia-induced ventricular hibernation. The mechanisms underlying these changes are incompletely understood. In the present study we explored the hypothesis that a profound imbalance in energy status during chronic AF acts as a stimulus for structural remodelling. Methods and Results: The content of high energy-phosphates and related compounds together with a selected number of mitochondrial enzymes, known to be altered under ischemic conditions, were determined in tissue samples taken from atria of goats in sinus rhythm (SR) and after 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 weeks of AF maintained by burst pacing. Atrial remodelling was quantified by counting the percentage of cells with >10% myolysis. During AF structural remodelling developed progressively, after 8 weeks about 40% of the atrial myocytes were affected. The concentration of adenine nucleotides and their degradation products did not change significantly during AF. Also the activity of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase activity was similar during AF and SR. Mitochondrial NADH-oxidase and proton-translocating ATPase activities were not induced by AF. The tissue content of phosphocreatine decreased during the first week by 60%, but completely recovered between 8 and 16 weeks of AF. Conclusions: The analysis of adenine nucleotides during AF provided no indication for the development of severe atrial ischemia. This notion is supported by enzyme cytochemical findings. However, AF-induced atrial remodelling was associated with a transient lowering of phosphocreatine content, suggesting an increase in energy demand during the early phase of AF. The subsequent recovery of the phosphocreatine pool indicates restoration of the balance between energy demand and supply in chronically fibrillating atria.
The Chloroplast Genome of Nymphaea alba: Whole-Genome Analyses and the Problem of Identifying the Most Basal Angiosperm
Authors: V. V. Goremykin
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2004)

Angiosperms (flowering plants) dominate contemporary terrestrial flora with roughly 250,000 species, but their origin and early evolution are still poorly understood. In recent years, molecular evidence has accumulated suggesting a dicotyledonous origin of monocots. Phylogenetic reconstructions have suggested that several dicotyledonous groups that include taxa such as Amborella, Austrobaileya, and Nymphaea branch off as the most basal among angiosperms. This has led to the concept of monocots, “eudicots,” “basal dicots,” and “ANITA” groupings. Here, we present the sequence and phylogenetic analyses of the chloroplast DNA of Nymphaea alba. Phylogenetic analyses of our 14-species data set, consisting of 29,991 aligned nucleotide positions per chloroplast genome, revealed consistent support for Nymphaea being a divergent member of a monophyletic dicot assemblage. Three distinct angiosperm lineages were supported in the majority of our phylogenetic analyses—eudicots, Magnoliopsida, and monocots. However, the monocot lineage leading to the grasses was the deepest branching. Although analyses of only one individual gene alignment (out of 61) is consistent with some recently proposed hypotheses for the paraphyly of dicots, we also report observations that nine genes do not support paraphyly of dicots. Instead, they support the basal monocot-dicot split. Consistent with this finding, we also report observations suggesting that the monocot lineage leading to the grasses has the strongest phylogenetic affinity to gymnosperms. Our findings have general implications for studies of substitution model specification and analyses of concatenated genome data.
Incidence of cervical cancer after several negative smear results by age 50: prospective observational study
Authors: M. Rebolj, M. van Ballegooijen, E. Lynge, C. Looman, M.-L. Essink-Bot, R. Boer, D. Habbema
Journal: BMJ (2009)

<b>Objective</b> To determine the incidence of cervical cancer after several negative cervical smear tests at different ages. <b>Design</b> Prospective observational study of incidence of cervical cancer after the third consecutive negative result based on individual level data in a national registry of histopathology and cytopathology (PALGA). <b>Setting</b> Netherlands, national data. <b>Population</b> 218 847 women aged 45-54 and 445 382 aged 30-44 at the time of the third negative smear test. <b>Main outcome measures</b> 10 year cumulative incidence of interval cervical cancer. <b>Results</b> 105 women developed cervical cancer within 2 595 964 woman years at risk after the third negative result at age 30-44 and 42 within 1 278 532 woman years at risk after age 45-54. During follow-up, both age groups had similar levels of screening. After 10 years of follow-up, the cumulative incidence rate of cervical cancer was similar: 41/100 000 (95% confidence interval 33 to 51) in the younger group and 36/100 000 (24 to 52) in the older group (P=0.48). The cumulative incidence rate of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade I+ was twice as high in the younger than in the older group (P&lt;0.001). <b>Conclusions</b> The risk for cervical cancer after several negative smear results by age 50 is similar to the risk at younger ages. Even after several negative smear results, age is not a good discriminative factor for early cessation of cervical cancer screening.
Case detection of 1-antitrypsin deficiency: does it help the patient or the doctor?
Authors: J. Stolk
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2005)

Alpha1-antitrypsin (α1-AT) deficiency is a common genetic disorder, with homozygous genotype Z as the most relevant deficient type for clinicians. In some parts of Europe, this phenotype is as prevalent as cystic fibrosis and for both disorders there is presently no cure for the disease, which has implications for genetic testing in many countries. In 2003, the European Respiratory Society and American Thoracic Society published a joint statement of standards for diagnosis and management of individuals with α1-AT deficiency 1. Recently, a full chapter on genetic testing addressed the pros and cons of this issue.

In pulmonary practice, diagnostic testing of a single case with onset of symptoms related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) at early age is most frequently performed. Predispositional detection of the related family of the newly detected case is already more questionable and relates to the care that doctors can provide to cases detected by family screening. Case detection is somewhat different from screening, as screening activity is usually employed for subjects with no symptoms of disease. Public health authorities often only allow for (neonatal) screening if it …
Photochemotherapy in mycosis fungoides.
Authors: L Hodge, A P Warin, R W Gange, S Bleehen, D Vella Briffa
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Six patients with mycosis fungoides were treated with methoxsalen and long-wave ultraviolet light. They were assessed clinically and histologically before and after treatment. All six patients showed clinical improvement. Histological clearing of both epidermis and dermis occurred in three patients, and epidermal clearing alone occurred in two. Photochemotherapy may have a place in the treatment of the early and intermediate stages of mycosis fungoides, and it may also be useful as an adjunct to other forms of treatment in the more advanced stages.
Effects and mechanisms of a microcurrent dressing on skin wound healing: a review
Authors: Chao Yu, Zong-Qian Hu, Rui-Yun Peng
Journal: Military Medical Research (2014)

The variety of wound types has resulted in a wide range of wound dressings, with new products frequently being introduced to target different aspects of the wound healing process. The ideal wound dressing should achieve rapid healing at a reasonable cost, with minimal inconvenience to the patient. Microcurrent dressing, a novel wound dressing with inherent electric activity, can generate low-level microcurrents at the device-wound contact surface in the presence of moisture and can provide an advanced wound healing solution for managing wounds. This article offers a review of the effects and mechanisms of the microcurrent dressing on the healing of skin wounds.
The "Pill" Shows No Favors
Authors: Rudolph H. de Jong
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Prospective parents searching for means to preplan the gender of their offspring might have been encouraged by a 1974<i>Lancet</i>article<sup>1</sup>reporting a nearly 2:1 (112:58) female to male birth ratio after two years of prior contraceptive use by the mother. These hopes have now been dashed by a study of over 6,000 births that followed conception when ovulation suppressants were discontinued.<sup>2</sup>The report leaves little doubt that the female to male birth ratio continues to hug the traditional 1:1 (3045:3064) proportion. In Boston, at least, male births remained close to 50% (between 49.1% and 51.2%) regardless of total duration of contraceptive use, interval between discontinuance of use and conception, or prior history of contraception. Man has not yet bent the laws of probability.