tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
One-Year Outcomes of a Behavioral Therapy Intervention Trial on Sleep Quality and Cancer-Related Fatigue
Authors: Ann M. Berger, Brett R. Kuhn, Lynne A. Farr, Susanna G. Von Essen, Julie Chamberlain, James C. Lynch, Sangeeta Agrawal
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

Purpose To determine 1-year outcomes of a four-component behavioral therapy (BT) sleep intervention (Individualized Sleep Promotion Plan [ISPP]) versus a healthy eating control (HEC) on cancer-related fatigue in women receiving breast cancer adjuvant chemotherapy treatment (CTX). Patients and Methods A total of 219 participants from 12 oncology clinics were randomly assigned in a clinical trial. Before CTX, research nurses coached intervention participants to develop a BT plan including stimulus control, modified sleep restriction, relaxation therapy, and sleep hygiene. BT plans were revised before each CTX and 30, 60, and 90 days after the last CTX and reinforced 7 to 9 days later. HEC participants received nutritional information and equal attention. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Daily Diary, Wrist Actigraph, and Piper Fatigue Scale measures and Repeated Linear Mixed Model analysis following the Intent to Treat paradigm were used. Results Sleep quality differed over 1 years time (F [4,162] = 7.7, P &lt; .001; by group, F [1,173] = 4.8, P = .029; and over time by group, F [4,162] = 3.3, P = .013). Pairwise comparisons revealed significant differences between groups at 90 days (P = .002) but not at 1 year (P = .052). Seven days of diary and actigraphy data did not corroborate with monthly reflections (PSQI). The night awakenings (Actigraph) pattern was significantly different by group over time (P = .046), with no differences between groups at 90 days or at 1 year. Fatigue was lower at 1 year than before CTX; no group effects were found. Conclusion The BT group, on average, experienced significant improvement on global sleep quality compared with the HEC group, but not on objective sleep or fatigue outcomes.
Identification of a Subset of Human Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with High PI3Kβ and Low PTEN Expression, More Prevalent in Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Marie Cumberbatch, Ximing Tang, Garry Beran, Sonia Eckersley, Xin Wang, Rebecca P.A. Ellston, Simon Dearden, Sabina Cosulich, Paul D. Smith, Carmen Behrens, Edward S. Kim, Xinying Su, Shuqiong Fan, Neil Gray, David P. Blowers, Ignacio I. Wistuba, Chris Womack
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Purpose: The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway is a major oncogenic signaling pathway and an attractive target for therapeutic intervention. Signaling through the PI3K pathway is moderated by the tumor suppressor PTEN, which is deficient or mutated in many human cancers. Molecular characterization of the PI3K signaling network has not been well defined in lung cancer; in particular, the role of PI3Kβ and its relation to PTEN in non–small cell lung cancer NSCLC remain unclear. Experimental Design: Antibodies directed against PI3Kβ and PTEN were validated and used to examine, by immunohistochemistry, expression in 240 NSCLC resection tissues [tissue microarray (TMA) set 1]. Preliminary observations were extended to an independent set of tissues (TMA set 2) comprising 820 NSCLC patient samples analyzed in a separate laboratory applying the same validated antibodies and staining protocols. The staining intensities for PI3Kβ and PTEN were explored and colocalization of these markers in individual tumor cores were correlated. Results: PI3Kβ expression was elevated significantly in squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) compared with adenocarcinomas. In contrast, PTEN loss was greater in SCC than in adenocarcinoma. Detailed correlative analyses of individual patient samples revealed a significantly greater proportion of SCC in TMA set 1 with higher PI3Kβ and lower PTEN expression when compared with adenocarcinoma. These findings were reinforced following independent analyses of TMA set 2. Conclusions: We identify for the first time a subset of NSCLC more prevalent in SCC, with elevated expression of PI3Kβ accompanied by a reduction/loss of PTEN, for whom selective PI3Kβ inhibitors may be predicted to achieve greater clinical benefit. Clin Cancer Res; 20(3); 595–603. ©2013 AACR.
Patients' and Physicians' Attitudes Regarding the Disclosure of Medical Errors
Authors: Thomas H. Gallagher, Amy D. Waterman, Alison G. Ebers, Victoria J. Fraser, Wendy Levinson
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Context Despite the best efforts of health care practitioners, medical errors are inevitable. Disclosure of errors to patients is desired by patients and recommended by ethicists and professional organizations, but little is known about how patients and physicians think medical errors should be discussed. Objective To determine patients' and physicians' attitudes about error disclosure. Design, Setting, and Participants Thirteen focus groups were organized, including 6 groups of adult patients, 4 groups of academic and community physicians, and 3 groups of both physicians and patients. A total of 52 patients and 46 physicians participated. Main Outcome Measures Qualitative analysis of focus group transcripts to determine the attitudes of patients and physicians about medical error disclosure; whether physicians disclose the information patients desire; and patients' and physicians' emotional needs when an error occurs and whether these needs are met. Results Both patients and physicians had unmet needs following errors. Patients wanted disclosure of all harmful errors and sought information about what happened, why the error happened, how the error's consequences will be mitigated, and how recurrences will be prevented. Physicians agreed that harmful errors should be disclosed but "choose their words carefully" when telling patients about errors. Although physicians disclosed the adverse event, they often avoided stating that an error occurred, why the error happened, or how recurrences would be prevented. Patients also desired emotional support from physicians following errors, including an apology. However, physicians worried that an apology might create legal liability. Physicians were also upset when errors happen but were unsure where to seek emotional support. Conclusions Physicians may not be providing the information or emotional support that patients seek following harmful medical errors. Physicians should strive to meet patients' desires for an apology and for information on the nature, cause, and prevention of errors. Institutions should also address the emotional needs of practitioners who are involved in medical errors.
Response to Letter Regarding Article, “Correlates and Long-Term Outcomes of Angiographically Proven Stent Thrombosis with Sirolimus- and Paclitaxel-Eluting Stents”
Authors: Pramod K. Kuchulakanti, William W. Chu, Rebecca Torguson, Patrick Ohlmann, Seung-woon Rha, Leonardo C. Clavijo, Sang-wook Kim, Ahn Bui, Natalie Gevorkian, Zhenyi Xue, Kimberly Smith, Jana Fournadjieva, William O. Suddath, Lowell F. Satler, Augusto D. Pichard, Kenneth M. Kent, Ron Waksman
Journal: Circulation (2006)
MALT lymphoma associated genetic aberrations occur at different frequencies in primary and secondary intestinal MALT lymphomas
Authors: B Streubel, G Seitz, M Stolte, P Birner, A Chott, M Raderer
Journal: Gut (2006)

Limited data are available on intestinal MALT lymphoma owing to its relatively rare occurrence. The frequency of associated genetic changes was therefore analysed in intestinal MALT lymphoma to determine whether primary and secondary examples may be distinguished by their genetic profile.Patients diagnosed with MALT lymphoma involving the intestine were evaluated and compared with 71 cases with localised gastric MALT lymphoma. Paraffin embedded samples were evaluated for t(11;18)(q21;q21) by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and by fluorescence in situ hybridisation for t(14;18)(q32;q21), t(1;14)(p22;q32), and trisomies 3 and 18.30 consecutive patients with MALT lymphoma involving the intestine were identified: 16 had primary intestinal lymphoma and 14 had secondary MALT lymphoma. t(11;18)(q21;q21) was found in one third of the patients, but there was a significant difference between the secondary MALT lymphomas and the primary intestinal and gastric MALT lymphoma groups (57% v 12.5%, p = 0.019, and 57% v 24%, p = 0.022). Two patients with primary intestinal MALT lymphomas were positive for t(1;14)(p22;q32) and none was positive for t(14;18)(q32;q21). Primary intestinal MALT lymphoma had a significantly higher frequency of trisomies 3 or 18 (81% v 36%, p = 0.024; 81% v 14%, p<0.001), in contrast to secondary intestinal MALT lymphomas and localised gastric MALT lymphomas.The genetic profile of primary intestinal MALT lymphomas appears to be different from that of secondary intestinal or local gastric MALT lymphomas. Because of the high prevalence of trisomy 3 or 18, or both, in primary intestinal lymphoma, these numerical aberrations might be regarded as a genetic hallmark of the disease.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme is a GPI-anchored protein releasing factor crucial for fertilization
Authors: Gen Kondoh, Hiromasa Tojo, Yuka Nakatani, Nobuyasu Komazawa, Chie Murata, Kazuo Yamagata, Yusuke Maeda, Taroh Kinoshita, Masaru Okabe, Ryo Taguchi, Junji Takeda
Journal: Nature Medicine (2005)
The Utility of Unplanned Early Hospital Readmissions as a Health Care Quality Indicator
Authors: Carl van Walraven
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Home mechanical ventilation in lung transplant patients
Authors: María Guadalupe Silveira, Patricia Chang-Macchiu, Cecilia Pérez, Sergi Martí, María-Antonia Ramón, Mercedes Pallero, Esther Rodriguez, Cristina Berastegui, Antonio Román-Broto, Jaume Ferrer
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Methods  We performed an observational study of LT patients that required HMV in a single center from 1991 to 2012. We collected baseline patient9s characteristics when HMV was started. Follow-up  until HMV withdrawal or death was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier survival curves.  Results  Seventeen out of 642 LT patients required HMV (2.6%); mean age 46±16 years, 15 double-LT.  Indications (Table): 10 diaphragm paralysis (DP, 59%), 8 support to weaning; 6 chronic allograft dysfunction (CAD, 35%); and 1 bronchial stenosis/malacia (6%). Airway access: 16 non-invasive, 1 tracheostomy. Outcomes: HMV could be discontinued in 90% DP patients (median 5.5 months, p25-75 3.8-6.9). In CAD patients, 3 died (at 1.5, 2 and 28 months) and 3 are still using HMV at 6, 13 and 26 months.  Conclusions  - Diaphragm paralysis with weaning failure and chronic allograft dysfunction with respiratory failure could be HMV indications in LT recipients.  - In diaphragm paralysis patients, recovering phrenic function may allow ventilation withdrawal in most patients.
Patients With Curative Resection of cT3-4 Rectal Cancer After Preoperative Radiotherapy or Radiochemotherapy: Does Anybody Benefit From Adjuvant Fluorouracil-Based Chemotherapy? A Trial of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Radiation Oncology Group
Authors: Laurence Collette, Jean-Francois Bosset, Marcel den Dulk, France Nguyen, Laurent Mineur, Philippe Maingon, Ljiljana Radosevic-Jelic, Marianne Piérart, Gilles Calais
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) trial 22921 compared adjuvant fluorouracil-based chemotherapy (CT) to no adjuvant treatment in a 2 x 2 factorial trial with randomization for preoperative (chemo)radiotherapy in patients with resectable T3-4 rectal cancer. The results showed no significant impact of adjuvant CT on progression-free or overall survival, although a difference seemed to emerge at approximately, respectively, 2 and 5 years after the start of preoperative treatment. We further explored the data with the aim of refining our understanding of the long-term results.Data of 785 of the 1,011 randomly assigned patients who whose disease was M0 at curative surgery were used. Using meta-analytic methods, we investigated the homogeneity of the effect of adjuvant CT on the time to relapse or death after surgery (disease-free survival [DFS]) and survival in patient subgroups.Although there was no statistically significant impact of adjuvant CT on DFS for the whole group (P > .5), the treatment effect differed significantly between the ypT0-2 and the ypT3-4 patients (heterogeneity P = .009): only the ypT0-2 patients seemed to benefit from adjuvant CT (P = .011). The same pattern was observed for overall survival.Exploratory analyses suggest that only good-prognosis patients (ypT0-2) benefit from adjuvant CT. This could explain why, in the whole group, the progression-free and overall survival diverged only after the poor-prognosis patients (ypT3-4) had experienced treatment failure. Patients in whom no downstaging was achieved did not benefit. This also suggests that the same prognostic factors may drive both tumor sensitivity for the primary treatment and long-term clinical benefit from further adjuvant CT.
Sleep disorders and sleep quality among adults patients presenting at General Outpatient Department in Ile Ife, Nigeria- A preliminary report
Authors: Temitayo Adewole, Abioye Kuteyi, Ibrahim Bello, Ezeoma
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Introduction: Sleep disorders is poorly recognized by the general public and the clinical community  Aims and Objectives: to determine patterns of sleep disorders and sleep quality among adults patients presenting in a primary care clinic in tertiary hospital setting in Nigeria.  Methodology. The study was carried out at the Family Medicine Clinic of the OAUTHC, Ile Ife, Subjects were selected from the pool of patients attending the clinic daily were studied for the presence and types of sleep disorders using a standardized questionnaire. The questionnaire contains items on sleep questionnaires including the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Questionnaire (PSQI). Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and the Family Apgar questionnaire. Exhaled carbon monoxide was measured for each subject.  Results: Subjects within the age group 40-49 constituted 80% of the respondent with an overall mean age of 48.5+ 23.5years. 28% of the respondents had an ESS score of 11 and above. Majority (59.4%) of the respondent sleeps for between 0-5 hours daily. 25% have insomnia while up to 50% of the respondents wake up quite early.20% had reported history of snoring and nightmares. Overall sleep quality was fairly bad ,fairly good and very good in 22%, 48% and 30% of the respondents respectively.  Sleep disorders are generally associated with BMI, neck circumference, occupation and living close to a main road, p values less 0.05 each. Hypertension was the commonest medical condition; with 8% having primary insomnia.  Conclusion: Sleep problems are common among primary care patients in Ile Ife Nigeria. There is a need for sleep education and enlightenment.
Effects of Injectable or Implantable Progestin-Only Contraceptives on Insulin-Glucose Metabolism and Diabetes Risk
Authors: Henry S. Kahn, Kathryn M. Curtis, Polly A. Marchbanks
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

Progestin-only contraceptives administered by injection (Depo-Provera) or subcutaneous implant (Norplant) have been available to U.S. women for about a decade. Two epidemiological studies found their use associated with increased incidence of type 2 diabetes. In reviewing publications relating progestin injections and implants to glucose metabolism, 25 studies of various study designs and laboratory methods were identified that reported at least one insulin value in nondiabetic women. Research subjects were usually nonobese and often from developing countries. Of eight studies that performed sequential oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) after at least 6 months of Depo-Provera or Norplant use, seven found significant elevations (approximate doubling) of insulin at 2 or 3 h after glucose challenge; the effects on fasting, half-hour, or 1-h postchallenge insulin values were less consistent. The three studies that performed sequential intravenous glucose tolerance tests (IVGTTs) on injection users all found an increased early-phase insulin response. One study used sequential hyperglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamps to demonstrate reduced total-body glucose uptake per unit of insulin after 8 weeks of Norplant use. The metabolic studies generally did not show a reduction in the glucose tolerance of their nondiabetic subjects. However, compared with the lean and low-risk women who were usually selected for metabolic research, many U.S. women receiving these injections or implants may start out with increased insulin resistance due to greater weight, sedentary lifestyle, and family or childbearing histories. Additional research could help clarify whether exposure to injectable or implantable contraceptives leads to increased risk of type 2 diabetes and gestational diabetes in women with predisposing factors.
Electrical responses of smooth muscle cells during cholinergic vasodilation in the rabbit saphenous artery.
Authors: K Komori, H Suzuki
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

Isolated smooth muscle tissues of the rabbit saphenous artery precontracted with norepinephrine (NE) were relaxed by acetylcholine (ACh, greater than 10(-7) M) or oxotremorine (greater than 10(-7) M), through the activation of muscarinic receptors, only when the endothelial cells were intact. ACh (greater than 10(-7) M) transiently hyperpolarized the membrane (1-4 minutes) with an associated decrease in the membrane resistance, either in the presence or absence of NE, and these changes ceased during the continuous application of ACh. The ACh-induced transient hyperpolarization was not generated after mechanically removing the endothelium or by treatment with atropine. Oxotremorine (up to 10(-5) M) did not alter the membrane potential in the presence or absence of the endothelium. NE (10(-6) M) depolarized the smooth muscle membrane, which remained unchanged by additional application of ACh or oxotremorine for more than 5 minutes, or after removal of the endothelium. The excitatory junction potential generated by perivascular nerve stimulation was inhibited by ACh (greater than 10(-9) M) or oxotremorine (greater than 10(-9) M) in a concentration-dependent manner. These inhibitory actions of ACh or oxotremorine were blocked by atropine but were not affected by removal of the endothelial cells. These results suggest that the inhibitory actions of muscarinic agonists on electrical responses of smooth muscle cells of the rabbit saphenous artery were mainly indirect, i.e., a release of inhibitory substances from the endothelial cells and the inhibition of adrenergic transmission. The former required higher concentrations of ACh or oxotremorine, thereby suggesting that the latter may be more important for vasodilation related to cholinergic mechanisms.
Impact of Reirradiation of Painful Osseous Metastases on Quality of Life and Function: A Secondary Analysis of the NCIC CTG SC.20 Randomized Trial
Authors: Edward Chow, Ralph M. Meyer, Bingshu E. Chen, Yvette M. van der Linden, Daniel Roos, William F. Hartsell, Peter Hoskin, Jackson S.Y. Wu, Abdenour Nabid, Caroline J.A. Tissing-Tan, Bing Oei, Scott Babington, William F. Demas, Carolyn F. Wilson, Rebecca K.S. Wong, Michael Brundage
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

We previously demonstrated that 48% of patients with pain at sites of previously irradiated bone metastases benefit from reirradiation. It is unknown whether alleviating pain also improves patient perception of quality of life (QOL).We used the database of a randomized trial comparing radiation treatment dose fractionation schedules to evaluate whether response, determined using the International Consensus Endpoint (ICE) and Brief Pain Inventory pain score (BPI-PS), is associated with patient perception of benefit, as measured using the European Organisation for Resesarch and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (QLQ-C30) and functional interference scale of the BPI (BPI-FI). Evaluable patients completed baseline and 2-month follow-up assessments.Among 850 randomly assigned patients, 528 were evaluable for response using the ICE and 605 using the BPI-PS. Using the ICE, 253 patients experienced a response and 275 did not. Responding patients had superior scores on all items of the BPI-FI (ie, general activity, mood, walking ability, normal work, relations with other people, sleep, and enjoyment of life) and improved QOL, as determined by scores on the EORTC QLQ-C30 scales of physical, role, emotional and social functioning, global QOL, fatigue, pain, and appetite. Similar results were obtained using the BPI-PS; observed improvements were typically of lesser magnitude.Patients responding to reirradiation of painful bone metastases experience superior QOL scores and less functional interference associated with pain. Patients should be offered re-treatment for painful bone metastases in the hope of reducing pain severity as well as improving QOL and pain interference.
Tiotropium and olodaterol exert anti-proliferative effects on pulmonary fibroblasts of asthmatic patients in vitro
Authors: Luigi Costa, Michael Roth, Michael Tamm, Pieter Borger
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background:  The airway wall remodeling observed in asthma patients involves many cell types, including pulmonary fibroblasts. Although the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and the adreno-cholinergic receptor signaling systems have been implicated in the remodeling process, their interaction is not well defined.   Objective:  Here, we investigated the role of tiotropium and olodaterol in PDGF-BB-stimulated human lung fibroblast proliferation in vitro.   Methods:  Fibroblasts were isolated from asthmatic (n=7) and non-asthmatic (n=7) lung tissue biopsies. Cells were stimulated with either: PDGF-BB (10ng/ml), PDGF-BB + tiotropium (10 -7 M, 10 -6 M), PDGF-BB + olodaterol (10 -7 M, 10 -6 M), or the combination of PDGF-BB + olodaterol + tiotropium (both drugs at: 10 -7 and 10 -6 M) for 3 and 5 days. Tiotropium was always added 30 minutes prior to other factors.   Results:  PDGF-BB significantly increased the proliferation of fibroblasts of both asthmatic and non-asthmatic origin. at 3 and 5 days; the effect being more pronounced in cells of asthma patient. Both tiotropium (10 -7 M, 10 -6  M) and olodaterol (10 -7 M, 10 -6 M) significantly reduced PDGF-BB-induced proliferation of asthmatic fibroblasts only (p Conclusion : Our data show that olodaterol and tiotropium, as well as their combination, exert significant anti-proliferative effect in vitro.