tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Delayed re-endothelialization with rapamycin-coated stents is rescued by the addition of a glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibitor
Authors: Xiaoli Ma, Benjamin Hibbert, Bharbhoor Dhaliwal, Tara Seibert, Yong-Xiang Chen, Xiaoling Zhao, Edward R. O'Brien
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2010)

AimsDrug-eluting stents (DESs) reduce neointima area and in-stent restenosis but delay re-endothelialization. Recently, we demonstrated that pharmacological expansion and functional enhancement of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) can be achieved by treatment with a glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibitor (GSKi)—even for feeble cells derived from coronary artery disease patients. GSKi treatment enhanced EPC adhesion via up-regulated expression of the α-4 integrin, ameliorated re-endothelialization, and reduced neointima formation in denuded murine arteries. Hence, we hypothesized that GSKi-coated stents (GSs) will enhance EPC adhesion and attenuate delayed vascular healing associated with rapamycin, a key DES agent.
Mitochondrial uncoupling, with low concentration FCCP, induces ROS-dependent cardioprotection independent of KATP channel activation
Authors: J BRENNAN, R SOUTHWORTH, R MEDINA, S DAVIDSON, M DUCHEN, M SHATTOCK
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2006)

Both K(ATP) channel opening drugs and ischaemic preconditioning have been suggested to protect the ischaemic heart by acting on K(ATP) channels in the inner mitochondrial membrane, uncoupling the proton gradient and partially dissipating the mitochondrial membrane potential. The aim of these studies was to use low concentrations of FCCP, a mitochondrial protonophore, to bypass the mitochondrial K(ATP) channel and partially uncouple the mitochondria and establish whether this activates protective pathways within the rat heart analogous to K(ATP) channel openers or preconditioning.Isolated, Langendorff-perfused rat hearts were subjected to 25 min global zero-flow ischaemia and functional recovery assessed. Hearts were pretreated with FCCP (30-300 nM) in the presence or absence of glibenclamide (1 microM), 5-hydroxydecanoate (5-HD: 100 microM), N-acetyl cysteine (4 mM), or N-2-mercaptopropionyl glycine (1 mM). The metabolic consequences of FCCP perfusion in isolated hearts were studied using (31)P NMR, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was measured using DCF fluorescence in isolated rat ventricular myocytes.FCCP exerted a dose-dependent cardioprotective effect, with 100 nM FCCP being the optimal concentration. This effect could not be blocked by glibenclamide or 5-HD, but was completely attenuated by N-acetyl cysteine and N-2-mercaptopropionyl glycine. Perfusion with FCCP (100 nM) did not deplete bulk ATP during the pretreatment period but significantly depleted phosphocreatine. In ventricular myocytes, FCCP caused an antioxidant-sensitive increase in ROS production but diazoxide was without effect.In the isolated rat heart, partial mitochondrial uncoupling with low-dose FCCP significantly improves post-ischaemic functional recovery via a ROS-dependent pathway. This cardioprotection is not mediated via the depletion of cellular ATP or mitochondrial K(ATP) channel activation.
Microencapsulation of tumor lysates and live cell engineering with MIP-3α as an effective vaccine
Authors: Feng-ying Huang, Feng-ru Huang, Bin Chen, Quan Liu, Hua Wang, Song-lin Zhou, Huan-ge Zhao, Yong-hao Huang, Ying-ying Lin, Guang-hong Tan
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)
Etiology and treatment of periapical lesions around dental implants
Authors: Andy Temmerman, David Lefever, Wim Teughels, Thomas J. Balshi, Stephen F. Balshi, Marc Quirynen
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2014)

Abstract The widespread use of oral implants in recent years has resulted in various types of complications. One of those complications is the periapical implant lesion. Different factors have been proposed to play a role in the development and emergence of a periapical implant lesion. To date, there is no consensus on the etiology and therefore periapical lesions around dental implants are considered to have a multifactorial etiology. The diagnosis of an implant periapical lesion should be based on both clinical and radiological findings. Additionally, in order to apply the best treatment strategy the evolution of the lesion should be taken into account. The treatment of this kind of lesion, however, is still empiric. Data, primarily from case reports, seem to indicate that the removal of all granulation tissue is a first step to arrest the progression of the bone destruction. The removal of the apical part of the implant seems a valuable treatment strategy.
Laser Peripheral Iridotomy in Eyes with Narrow Drainage Angles: Ultrasound Biomicroscopy Outcomes. The Liwan Eye Study
Authors: Mingguang He, David S. Friedman, Jian Ge, Wenyong Huang, Chenjin Jin, Xiaoyu Cai, Peng T. Khaw, Paul J. Foster
Journal: Ophthalmology (2007)
Immediate Cytotoxicity But Not Degranulation Distinguishes Effector and Memory Subsets of CD8+ T Cells
Authors: Petra Wolint, Michael R. Betts, Richard A. Koup, Annette Oxenius
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2004)

CD8+ T cells play a central role in the resolution and containment of viral infections. A key effector function of CD8+ T cells is their cytolytic activity toward infected cells. Here, we studied the regulation of cytolytic activity in naive, effector, and central versus effector memory CD8+ T cells specific for the same glycoprotein-derived epitope of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. Our results show that the kinetics of degranulation, assessed by a novel flow cytometric based assay, were identical in effector and both subsets of memory CD8+ T cells, but absent in naive CD8+ T cells. However, immediate cytolytic activity was most pronounced in effector T cells, low in effector memory T cells, and absent in central memory T cells, correlating with the respective levels of cytolytic effector molecules present in lytic granules. These results indicate that an inherent program of degranulation is a feature of antigen-experienced cells as opposed to naive CD8+ T cells and that the ability of CD8+ T cells to induce target cell apoptosis/death is dependent on granule protein content rather than on the act of degranulation itself. Furthermore, these results provide a potential mechanism by which central memory CD8+ T cell-mediated death of antigen-presenting cells within the lymph node is avoided.
Human prenatal and postnatal exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers, polychlorinated biphenyls, polychlorobiphenylols, and pentachlorophenol.
Authors: Daiva Meironyté Guvenius, Anette Aronsson, Gunvor Ekman-Ordeberg, Ake Bergman, Koidu Norén
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2003)

The aim of this study was to determine human prenatal and postnatal exposures to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), hydroxylated metabolites of PCBs (polychlorobiphenylols; OH-PCBs), and pentachlorophenol (PCP). The median PBDE fresh-weight concentrations in maternal and cord blood plasma and in breast milk were 24, 4.3, and 75 pg/g, respectively. The PCB concentrations were approximately 60 times higher in each compartment (1,560, 277, and 4,310 pg/g, respectively). Calculated on a lipid weight basis, the levels were comparable in maternal blood plasma and breast milk. In contrast to PCBs, differences were found between PBDE congener distribution in maternal and cord blood plasma. The OH-PCBs constituted up to 26% of the PCB levels in maternal blood plasma and 53% in cord blood plasma, with levels of 120 and 88 pg/g fresh weight, respectively, and in breast milk 3 pg/g. The corresponding concentrations for PCP were 2,830, 1,960, and 20 pg/g. The ratios of PCB to OH-PCB were 13, 3, and 1,400 in maternal, cord plasma, and breast milk, respectively. It is evident that prenatal exposures occur for all the analytes. Moreover, the exposure continues after birth via breast milk. However, levels of OH-PCBs and PCP in breast milk are low compared with levels in blood plasma. Exposures to both PCBs and PBDEs, and in particular to the endocrine-active halogenated phenolic compounds, are of concern and implicate a potential risk for developmental disturbances.
Evidence for an ‘anti-ageing’ product may not be so clear as it appears
Authors: J.M. Bland
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Conflicts of interest: none declared. Sir, The paper by Watson et al.,1“A cosmetic ‘anti‐ageing’ product improves photoaged skin: a double‐blind, randomized controlled trial”, was certain to attract great media attention. This makes it even more regrettable that is was not reported following CONSORT guidelines for reporting clinical trials.2 As a result, there is much that is unclear. The authors report four outcome measures: fine lines and wrinkles, dyspigmentation, overall clinical grade of photoageing, and tactile roughness, each measured at baseline and at 1, 6 and 12 months. A curious feature of the trial is that the control treatment was discontinued after 6 months and the active treatment substituted. We are told that linear regression analysis was used to extrapolate the vehicle response to 12 months, thus allowing direct comparison with the test product, but no details are given. There is a reference, but this does not mention regression or extrapolation.3 Hence it would be prudent to concentrate on the 6‐month results.
Translocation of Y-Linked Genes to the Dot Chromosome in Drosophila pseudoobscura
Authors: Amanda M. Larracuente, Mohamed A. F. Noor, Andrew G. Clark
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2010)

One of the most striking cases of sex chromosome reorganization in Drosophila occurred in the lineage ancestral to Drosophila pseudoobscura, where there was a translocation of Y-linked genes to an autosome. These genes went from being present only in males, never recombining, and having an effective population size of 0.5N to a state of autosomal linkage, where they are passed through both sexes, may recombine, and their effective population size has quadrupled. These genes appear to be functional, and they underwent a drastic reduction in intron size after the translocation. A Y-autosome translocation may pose problems in meiosis if the rDNA locus responsible for X-Y pairing had also moved to an autosome. In this study, we demonstrate that the Y-autosome translocation moved Y-linked genes onto the dot chromosome, a small, mainly heterochromatic autosome with some sex chromosome-like properties. The rDNA repeats occur exclusively on the X chromosome in D. pseudoobscura, but we found that the new Y chromosome of this species harbors four clusters bearing only the intergenic spacer region (IGS) of the rDNA repeats. This arrangement appears analogous to the situation in Drosophila simulans, where X-rDNA to Y-IGS pairing could be responsible for X-Y chromosome pairing. We postulate that the nascent D. pseudoobscura Y chromosome acquired and amplified copies of the IGS, suggesting a potential mechanism for X-Y pairing in D. pseudoobscura.
Intraductal papillary neoplasia of the liver associated with hepatolithiasis
Authors: Tse-Ching Chen, Yasuni Nakanuma, Yoh Zen, Miin-Fu Chen, Yi-Yin Jan, Ta-Sen Yeh, Cheng Tang Chiu, Tseng-Tong Kuo, Jun-ichi Kamiya, Koji Oda, Michinari Hamaguchi, Yoshiyuki Ohno, Ling-Ling Hsieh, Yuji Nimura
Journal: Hepatology (2001)

Intraductal papillary growth of neoplastic biliary epithelia with a fine fibrovascular stalk (intraductal papillary neoplasia of liver [IPN-L]) resembling intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of pancreas is occasionally associated with hepatolithiasis. In this study, 136 cases of hepatolithiasis in Taiwan, between January 1998 and March 2000, and an additional 21 cases of IPN-L before December 1998, were examined histologically. IPN-L was found in 41 of 136 hepatolithiasis cases (30.1%). Sixty-two IPN-L cases (42 women and 20 men; age range, 59.8 ± 10 years) were divided into 4 types (type 1, IPN-L with low-grade dysplasia, 23 cases; type 2, IPN-L with high grade dysplasia, 11 cases; type 3, IPN-L with in situ and microinvasive carcinoma, 13 cases; and type 4, IPN-L of types 2 and 3 with distinct invasive carcinoma, 15 cases). Intraductal spreading and glandular involvement were commonly observed in all types. About half of types 3 and 4 cases had mucobilia, and mucinous carcinoma was variably found in two thirds of group 4 patients. IPN-L frequently showed variable gastroenteric differentiation such as goblet cells and foveolar and colon-like metaplasia. IPN-L with goblet cells and colon-like metaplasia was frequently associated with overproduction of mucin and mucobilia ( P &lt; .01). In Japan, IPN-L was not frequent in hepatolithiasis (12 of 135 cases). In conclusion, IPN-L forms a spectrum of biliary neoplasm in hepatolithiasis. It often displays variable gastroenteric metaplasia and significant intraductal spread. IPN-L tends to progress to mucinous carcinoma. Formerly reported “mucin-producing intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma” with a favorable prognosis is included in IPN-L.
An Unintended Consequence
Authors: Nasia Safdar, Cybele L. Abad, Daniel R. Kaul, David Jarrard, Sanjay Saint
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

A 79-year-old man with a 5-month history of fatigue and 20-lb (9-kg) weight loss presented to his local physician. The patient also reported intermittent episodes of high temperature, night sweats, and chills.
Electrophysiological Studies in the Denervated Transplanted Human Heart
Authors: DAVID S. CANNOM, ANTHONY F. GRAHAM, DONALD C. HARRISON
Journal: Circulation Research (1973)

To date, no studies have documented the conduction characteristics of the atrioventricular conduction system in the transplanted human heart. Three patients who had undergone cardiac transplantation 1-2 years previously formed the basis of this study. All were functional class I symptomatically and had normal hemodynamics and coronary arteriograms at the time of study. Each patient was in sinus rhythm with a normal P-R interval and QRS configuration. None was taking medications known to affect the atrioventricular conduction system. Using the His bundle technique, all were shown to have normal base-line atrium-His bundle (AH) and His bundle-ventricle (HV) conduction times. Recordings were made of both the donor (A D ) and the recipient (A R ) electrograms. The A D rate was more rapid than the A R rate by an average of 24 beats/min. Right atrial pacing to a rate of 170 beats/min resulted in a progressive lengthening of the AH interval to an average of 205 msec, a result comparable to that in normal patients. At the cessation of rapid pacing, A D recovery time averaged 770 msec, which is normal. The administration of 1-2 mg of atropine increased the A R rate by an average of 28% but did not alter the A D rate; the AH intervals did not change. We conclude that (1) the normal AH intervals at rest and the increased AH intervals during pacing demonstrate the inherent conduction delay imposed by the atrioventricular node independent of autonomic influence, (2) the A D recovery time after overdrive is an inherent property of the A D sinus node, and (3) the absence of change in the A D rate or the AH interval after administration of atropine suggests that parasympathetic reinnervation has not occurred in these patients.
A Sense of Urgency: Evaluating the Link between Clinical Trial Development Time and the Accrual Performance of Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program (NCI-CTEP) Sponsored Studies
Authors: Steven K. Cheng, Mary S. Dietrich, David M. Dilts
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Postactivation barriers to oncology clinical trial accruals are well documented; however, potential barriers prior to trial opening are not. We investigate one such barrier: trial development time.
The faux profil (oblique view) of the hip in the standing position. Contribution to the evaluation of osteoarthritis of the adult hip
Authors: M. G Lequesne, J.-D. Laredo
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1998)

The technique and results of a special oblique radiograph of the hip called the "faux profil" (FP) of the hip are described. The FP was evaluated for the detection of joint space narrowing in incipient osteoarthritis of the hip (OAH) as compared with the anteroposterior (AP) radiograph.58 hips with incipient osteoarthritis (joint space narrowing, 0-25% on the AP view) in 48 patients were identified among 200 consecutive patients fulfilling American College of Rheumatology criteria for OAH. Joint space narrowing was measured on the AP and FP radiographs of these 58 hips.The FP view provides a true lateral projection of the femoral head and neck, and an oblique view of the acetabulum tangential to its superoanteromedial edge. On this view, the width of the anterosuperior and posteroinferior parts of the joint space can be measured and compared. Among the 58 hips with incipient OAH, 36 (62%) showed joint space narrowing on the AP view and 51 (91%) on the FP view. Among the 22 hips without joint space narrowing on the AP radiograph, 16 (72.7%) showed joint space narrowing on the FP view, involving the anterosuperior part of the joint in 11 cases and the posteroinferior part in five cases.The FP view in the standing position should be used in incipient OAH as a complement to the AP view in patients with suspected OAH but no joint space narrowing on the AP radiograph. In this situation, nearly three quarters of hips in the study had joint space narrowing on the FP view, usually in the anterosuperior part and less often in the posteroinferior part of the joint.
Acute Chemotherapy-Induced Cardiovascular Changes in Patients With Testicular Cancer
Authors: Janine Nuver, Andries J. Smit, Jan van der Meer, Maarten P. van den Berg, Winette T.A. van der Graaf, Martin T. Meinardi, Dirk Th. Sleijfer, Harald J. Hoekstra, Anne I. van Gessel, Arie M. van Roon, Jourik A. Gietema
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

Purpose After cisplatin- and bleomycin-containing chemotherapy for testicular cancer, part of the patient population will develop acute or long-term cardiovascular toxicity. It is largely unknown whether standard tests can be used to assess chemotherapy-induced cardiovascular changes. Patients and Methods In 65 testicular cancer patients (median age, 27 years; range, 18 to 48 years), we measured the following cardiovascular parameters before and within 10 weeks after completion of cisplatin-based chemotherapy: platelet numbers, plasma levels of hemostatic and fibrinolytic factors, 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure, baroreflex sensitivity, intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery, and flow-mediated vasodilation of the brachial artery. Results Compared with prechemotherapy values, the intima-media thickness of the carotid artery and plasma von Willebrand factor levels increased significantly after treatment. Platelet numbers and plasma levels of other hemostatic and fibrinolytic factors did not appear to change significantly. Blood pressure decreased significantly, but flow-mediated vasodilation and baroreflex sensitivity did not change. Conclusion In testicular cancer patients treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy, we found an increase in plasma von Willebrand factor levels and in the intima-media thickness of the carotid artery. These changes may indicate chemotherapy-induced vascular damage and be of prognostic significance for the development of cardiovascular complications in the long term.
Hepatocellular Injury in a Patient Receiving Rosiglitazone: A Case Report
Authors: Jameela Al-Salman, Heider Arjomand, David G. Kemp, Manoj Mittal
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Background: Rosiglitazone maleate (Avandia, SmithKline Beecham, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) is a new oral hypoglycemic agent approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. It acts primarily by increasing insulin sensitivity. In controlled trials, there has been no evidence of rosiglitazone-induced hepatocellular injury. Objective: To report a case of hepatocellular injury in a patient receiving rosiglitazone. Design: Case report. Setting: Community teaching hospital. Patient: 61-year-old man receiving rosiglitazone, 4 mg/d for 2 weeks. Intervention: Discontinuation of rosiglitazone therapy. Measurements: Clinical evaluation and assessment of liver function test results were done daily during hospitalization and periodically after discharge. The outpatient record was also reviewed. Results: After receiving rosiglitazone for 2 weeks, the patient presented with anorexia, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Liver function tests revealed severe hepatocellular injury. Discontinuation of rosiglitazone therapy led to rapid improvement of liver function and resolution of symptoms. Conclusion: Rosiglitazone may be associated with hepatocellular injury. We believe that patients receiving rosiglitazone should have liver enzyme levels monitored earlier and more frequently than initially recommended.
Anti–Transforming Growth Factor Antibody at Low but Not High Doses Limits Cyclosporine-Mediated Nephrotoxicity Without Altering Rat Cardiac Allograft Survival
Authors: Ashwani K. Khanna, Matthew S. Plummer, Gail Hilton, Galen M. Pieper, Steven Ledbetter
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Background— Long-term treatment of cardiac transplant recipients with cyclosporine results in a progressive decline in kidney function in a large number of patients. This complication is one of the most important prognostic parameters that determine the outcome of cardiac transplantation. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is one of the most potent mediators of the fibrogenic effects of cyclosporine. Methods and Results— With the use of an experimental rodent model, heterotopic heart transplantation was performed, creating histocompatibility-disparate allografts. Because TGF-β in part mediates both the immunosuppressive and nephrotoxic effects of cyclosporine, recipients were treated with cyclosporine with and without anti–TGF-β antibody to determine whether anti–TGF-β antibody could reduce the nephrotoxic effects of cyclosporine. Intrarenal expression of TGF-β, collagen, fibronectin, matrix metalloproteinase-2, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 was studied with the use of reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. Intrarenal expression of TGF-β protein was studied by immunohistochemistry and with the use of ELISA to quantify circulating levels of TGF-β protein in plasma. Cyclosporine-induced graft survival (immunosuppressive effect) was abrogated with a higher concentration (2.5 mg/kg) of anti–TGF-β antibody, whereas a lower concentration (1 mg/kg) inhibited both cyclosporine-induced expression of fibrogenic molecules and renal toxicity. Conclusions— These results provide credence to the pivotal role of TGF-β in immunosuppression-associated renal toxicity in recipients of cardiac transplantation. Furthermore, these findings support a potentially significant therapeutic use of optimal concentration of anti–TGF-β antibody to ameliorate cyclosporine-associated nephrotoxicity in cardiac transplant recipients.
Phase II study of gemcitabine–dexamethasone with or without cisplatin in relapsed or refractory mantle cell lymphoma
Authors: F. Morschhauser, S. Depil, E. Jourdan, M. Wetterwald, R. Bouabdallah, G. Marit, P. Solal-Céligny, C. Sebban, B. Coiffier, N. Chouaki, F. Bauters, C. Dumontet
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2006)