tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A prospective multicenter observational study for decitabine treatment in Korean patients with myelodysplastic syndrome.
Authors: J. Lee, J. Jang, K. Lee, C. Jung, J. Park, S. Yoon, Y. Joo, Y. Kim, S. Park, Y. Min
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

6612 Background: Clinical trials, which were mostly performed in the Western countries, have demonstrated the effectiveness of decitabine in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of decitabine treatment in Korean patients with MDS. Methods: Eligible patients had all subtypes of MDS defined by the WHO classification with an IPSS score of 0.5 or more and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Decitabine of 20 mg/m2/day was given intravenously for 5 days every 4 weeks. The primary end point was the overall response rate (ORR) by IWG 2006 and secondary end points included adverse events, cytogenetic response and survival (OS, PFS and time to AML evolution). Results: A total of 102 patients were enrolled from 24 Korean institutes. Median age was 65 years. The IPSS risk category was INT-1 in 53 (52.0%), INT-2 in 36 (35.3%), and High in 13 (12.7%). Median number of courses delivered so far was 4 (range, 1-12+). The ORR was 51.0% (CR in 12, PR in 1, marrow CR in 21 and HI in 18). Most responses were demonstrated by the end of the fourth course. The response rates were not significantly different among all MDS subtypes, IPSS risk categories, or WPSS risk categories. Forty-seven patients (46.1%) showed improvements of cytopenia (three lineages in 9, two lineages in 20, and one lineage in 18). Cytogenetic responses were observed in 6 (5 CRs and 1 PR) among 15 assessable patients. With a median follow-up duration of 232 days (range, 29-400), the OS was 78.6% at 1 year. Patients who achieved any response showed significantly longer OS than those who did not (93.6% vs. 57.4% at 1 year, p < 0.001). The PFS and AML-free survival were 72.9% and 83.2% at 1 year, respectively. There were 8 treatment-related deaths, which occurred within the third course. Among 443 assessable treatment courses, there were 96 fever episodes requiring intravenous antimicrobials, and 36 bleeding episodes (grade 2-3 in 23 and 3 in 13). Severe non-hematologic toxicities were infrequent and reversible. Conclusions: Decitabine treatment was feasible and effective in Korean patients with MDS, and the OS was significantly prolonged in patients responding to decitabine. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Celgene, Janssen Korea, Novartis Korea
Transcatheter aortic valve replacement enables higher risk patients to be treated, study shows
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2015)

We present a case of a 76-year-old woman, who attended with features suggestive of renal colic; however on imaging, she was found to have a right pelvic kidney and a left-sided uretero-sciatic hernia (USH), identified on CT urography (CT urogram). She was managed conservatively as she had a normal renal function and reported no symptoms in follow-up appointments. USH are rare hernias, where the ureter herniates through the sciatic foramen. Patients might present with sepsis in which case they require emergency stenting either anterograde or retrograde or with pain in which a less urgent approach can be followed and plan for surgery. Our literature review only identified a small number of similar cases, and the most successful treatment method for those symptomatic patients who required a procedure was the surgical repair.
Abstract 17021: Predictors of Attendance to Cardiac Rehabilitation in a Diverse Urban Population
Authors: Joaquim S Barboza, Quinn R Pack, Mouhamad Mansour, Mahmoud C Assaad, Mostafa El-Refai, Brooks A Hibner, Meredith G Mahan, Steven J Keteyian
Journal: Circulation (2012)

BACKGROUND: Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) improves outcomes following a coronary event, but CR remains underutilized. Little has been published about predictors of CR in an urban population. We hypot...
Platinum-based chemotherapy in triple-negative (TN) breast cancer
Authors: B. Sirohi, M. Arnedos, S. Popat, S. Ashley, A. Nerurkar, G. Walsh, S. Johnston, I. E. Smith
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

1051 Background: Experimental data suggest that TN breast cancer may have increased sensitivity to platinum-based chemotherapy but clinical data are so far limited. We present our long-term results with adjuvant, neo-adjuvant and metastatic platinum-based chemotherapy for TN breast cancer. Methods: 94 (17 TN), 79 (11 TN) and 155 (34 TN) pts who received platinum-based chemotherapy in neoadjuvant, adjuvant and metastatic setting respectively were included in this retrospective study. Tx regimens infusional ECisF (epirubicin, Cis-/carboplatin, 5-FU) and MVP (mitomycin-C, vinblastine, Cis-/carboplatin) are described previously (Smith IE, Ann Oncol 2004; Urruticoechea A, Br J Cancer 2005). Response rates and outcome were compared for TN tumours vs. others. Results: On combining the data for adjuvant and neoadjuvant groups, 28 patients had TN tumours compared to 145 others. The median age for TN tumours was 49y(26–64) vs. 46 y(33–61) for others (P=0.6); pts with TN tumours had significantly higher grade 3 disease (75% vs 41%). Neoadjuvant CR rates were significantly higher for TN tumours (88%) than others (51%; P=0.005). 5-y OS for TN tumours following adjuvant/neoadjuvant chemotherapy was 64% (95%CI 44 -79%) vs. 85% (95%CI 79- 90%) (P=0.1). 5-y DFS for TN tumours was 57% (95% CI 37 - 73%) vs.72% (95%CI 64- 78%) for others (P=0.5). For pts with metastatic/locally recurrent breast cancer, pts in the TN group had significantly shorter time to commence platinum treatment from being diagnosed with metastatic disease (7 mo vs. 17 mo; P=0.03). Overall response rates were 41% for TN tumours and 31% for others (P=0.3). Pts with TN tumours had significantly prolonged DFS of 6 mo vs. 4 mo for others (P=0.05) despite pts with TN disease being younger (median 47y vs. 53 y), shorter time to developing metastases (28 vs. 36 mo), shorter disease-free interval on anthracyclines (12 vs. 15mo) and similar disease-free interval on taxanes (5mo). The OS was not significantly different between the two groups (11 mo TN vs. 7 mo for others). Conclusions: Platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy achieved increased CR rates for TN tumours compared with others but with a trend towards worse survival in early breast cancer. In contrast, DFS was significantly prolonged in advanced disease. Prospective randomized trials are warranted. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Gemcitabine and cisplatin (GC) +/− subsequent maintenance therapy with single-agent gemcitabine in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Preliminary results of a randomized trial of the Central European Cooperative Oncology Group (CECOG)
Authors: M. Krzakowski, M. Wenczl, T. Brodowicz, V. Tzekova, R. Ramlau, N. Ghilezan, B. Cucevic, E. Ulsperger, C. Zielinski, M. Zwitter
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

7067 Background: The optimal treatment duration for NSCLC patients is still a matter of discussion. Objectives of this trial were to compare time to progressive disease (TTPD) in patients treated with single-agent gemcitabine maintenance therapy plus best supportive care (BSC) versus BSC alone following standard GC therapy, to record responses in both arms, and to compare toxicity, duration of response, and overall survival. Methods: Chemonaive patients with stage IIIB or IV NSCLC, no prior radiotherapy >60 Gy to the chest, and a Karnofsky performance status (KPS) of ≥70 received 4 cycles of gemcitabine 1250 mg/m2 (days 1 and 8) plus cisplatin 80 mg/m2 (day 1). At the end of cycle 4, patients without progressive disease (PD) per SWOG criteria were randomized to gemcitabine 1250 mg/m2 (days 1 and 8) maintenance therapy until PD plus BSC (arm A) or BSC only (arm B) in a 2:1 fashion. Radiotherapy was not permitted on both arms. Cycles were repeated every 21 days. Time-to-event endpoints were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and compared between arms using the log-rank and Wilcoxon tests. The incidence of grade 3 and 4 toxicity was compared using Pearson's chi-squared test. Results: From Jan 2000 to Jan 2003, 206/354 patients were randomized, 138 on arm A and 68 on arm B. There were 98/40 males/females on arm A and 53/15 on arm B, while 36/102 on arm A and 16/52 on arm B had stage IIIB/IV disease (p=0.7). The median age for arm A and B, respectively, was 58 (range, 30–77) and 56 years (range, 38–74) (p=0.3). A KPS of ≥80/<80 was reported in 113/25 patients on arm A vs 57/11 patients on arm B (p=0.8). Preliminary data indicate a significant benefit in terms of TTPD for patients treated with gemcitabine maintenance therapy: 6.6 vs 5.0 months (through the study; p<0.001) and 3.5 vs 2.0 months (post randomization; p<0.001). Conclusions: At the present time of analysis, maintenance chemotherapy with gemcitabine following GC chemotherapy significantly increased TTPD. Final data will be presented at the meeting. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Cognitive Decline in Presymptomatic Alzheimer Disease
Authors: Diane B. Howieson
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Abstract 10710: Role of Endothelial AMPK in Endothelium-derived Hyperpolarizing Factor-Mediated Relaxations of Resistance Arteries in Mice
Authors: Budbazar Enkhjargal, Shigeo Godo, Ayuko Sawada, Kazuki Noda, Hiroaki Shimokawa
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: We have recently demonstrated that endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) plays an important role in metabolic and microvascular endothelial functions in mice (Circ Res, 2012...
Global microRNA expression and survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer in third-line treatment with cetuximab and irinotecan.
Authors: J. V. Schou, J. S. Johansen, B. V. Jensen, D. L. Nielsen, M. Kruh∅ffer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

3602 Background: Third line treatment with cetuximab and irinotecan (CetIri) is effective in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) and KRAS wild type. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression post- transcriptionally. MiRNAs are dysregulated in various types of cancer and specific miRNA signatures can potentially predict treatment response and prognosis. Methods: A phase II, prospective and longitudinal study of 163 patients with mCRC, treated with cetuximab 500 mg/m2 and irinotecan 180 mg/m2 every second week. Median survival time was 10.8 months. MiRNAs were isolated from whole blood stabilized in PAXgene Blood RNA tubes. Genome-wide miRNA profiling of baseline (i.e. pretreatment) miRNAs was performed to identify dysregulated miRNAs using ABI microRNA human LDA v2. Results: Two groups of patients were established; one with a short survival (i.e., under 6 months, n = 25) and a group with a long survival (i.e., >18 months, n = 24) after start of treatment. A Significance Analysis of Microarrays (SAM) analysis of the pre-treatment samples identified 26 miRNAs of 768 analyzed that were up regulated in patients with short survival compared to patients with long survival. The identified miRNAs included miR-143, miR-145, miR-222 and miR-23a. Interestingly, several of the miRNAs found were in agreement with former identified miRNAs, found in both tumour tissue and plasma that could discriminate between cancerous and noncancerous samples. Conclusions: We identified a panel of 26 miRNAs that may be potential good markers for response to treatment with CetIri in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. Analysis of further clinical and pathological data in progress, such as KRAS and BRAF mutational status on primary tumours will be presented in combination with miRNAs expression. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Valvular Dysfunction in Lymphoma Survivors Treated With Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Klaus Murbraech, Torgeir Wethal, Knut B. Smeland, Harald Holte, Jon Håvard Loge, Espen Holte, Assami Rösner, Håvard Dalen, Cecilie E. Kiserud, Svend Aakhus
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2016)
Yeast beta-glucan amplifies phagocyte killing of iC3b-opsonized tumor cells via CR3-Syk-PI3-kinase pathway.
Authors: Jun Yan, Bing Li, Daniel J. Allendorf, Richard Hansen, Daniel E. Cramer, Chuanlin Ding
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

5568  Abstract: Anti-tumor monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) hold promise for cancer therapy but are relatively inefficient. Therefore, there is a need for agents which might amplify the effectiveness of these mAbs. One such agent is β-glucan, a polysaccharide produced by fungi, yeast and grains but not mammalian cells. β-Glucans are bound by complement receptor 3 (CR3) and, in concert with target-associated complement fragment iC3b elicit phagocytosis and killing of yeast. β-Glucans may also promote killing of iC3b-opsonized tumor cells engendered by administration of anti-tumor mAbs. Here, we report that tumor bearing mice treated with a combination of β-glucan and an anti-tumor mAb show almost complete cessation of tumor growth. This activity evidently derives from a 25 kD fragment of β-glucan released by macrophage (Mφ) processing of the parent polysaccharide. This fragment - but not parent β-glucan - binds to neutrophil CR3, induces CBRM1/5 neoepitope expression, and elicits CR3-dependent cytotoxicity. These events require phosphorylation of the tyrosine kinase, Syk, and consequent phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) activation because β-glucan-mediated CR3-dependent cytotoxicity is greatly decreased by inhibition of these signaling molecules. Thus, β-glycan enhances tumor killing through a cascade of events including in vivo Mφ cleavage of the polysaccharide, dual CR3 ligation and CR3-Syk-PI3-kinase signaling.
Abstract 83: Cardiac Arrest and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Knowledge at an Academic Research Organization in Durham, North Carolina
Authors: Monique L Anderson, James G Jollis, Eric D Peterson, Renato D Lopes, Rosalia G Blanco, Elizabeth Fraulo, Joshua Pathman, Angel Moore, Leatrice Short, Christopher B Granger
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Purpose: Bystander CPR is a critical step in the chain of survival for out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). In North Carolina, survival is estimated to be 12%; 17% of victims receive bystander CPR. Current public knowledge of cardiac arrest and CPR skills are not well described. Methods: We implemented a CPR awareness/ training program during CPR Awareness Week at the Duke Clinical Research Institute (DCRI), a large academic research organization (ARO) traditionally focused on cardiovascular care, to increase awareness of OHCA and CPR. Prior to implementation, employees completed an online survey to gauge prior CPR training, current confidence with CPR, and knowledge of cardiac arrest and CPR skills. The program included expert lectures on cardiac arrest and CPR, a documentary on a Duke patient’s cardiac arrest, as well as a video demonstration (AHA) of Hands-Only CPR. After the education session, trained volunteer instructors taught and evaluated the practical CPR performance skills of each participant. An online post-program survey concluded the program (data collection ongoing). Results: A total of 173 (14.5%) employees completed the pre-program survey. 75% (n=134) of participants were not health care professionals. 67% (n=120) had been previously trained in CPR, of which 60% (n=70) were trained ≥ 5 years ago. Only 16% (n=28) of participants were “very sure” they could perform CPR if needed immediately. Only a minority of respondents were aware that cardiac arrest is associated with very high mortality rates (20%) or that most cardiac arrests occur in the home (21%). 66% of respondents knew that calling 911 is a necessary first step after witnessing a cardiac arrest. While 84% (n=145) respondents knew correct hand placement position for CPR, only 27% (n=47) and 29% (n=54) knew correct compression rate and depth for CPR performance, respectively. In the presence of gasping, only 37% (n=60) knew to start or continue performing CPR on OHCA victims. Conclusion: Cardiac arrest and CPR knowledge are not optimal at our ARO, despite one of our research mission’s to improve emergency cardiovascular care. Community awareness is likely lower than observed at the DCRI. These data highlight opportunities for CPR awareness programs in academic settings and in the community.
Abstract 13936: Efficacy of Bepridil to Prevent Ventricular Fibrillation in Early Repolarization Syndrome
Authors: Goro Katsuumi, Wataru Shimizu, Hiroshi Watanabe, Takashi Noda, Akihiko Nogami, Kimie Ohkubo, Naofumi Takehara, Yuichiro Kawamura, Yukio Hosaka, Takeru Makiyama, Masahito Sato, Satoki Fukae, Masaomi Chinushi, Hirotaka Oda, Masaaki Okabe, Akinori Kimura, Koji Maemura, Ichiro Watanabe, Shiro Kamakura, Minoru Horie, Yoshifusa Aizawa, Naomasa Makita, Tohru Minamino
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Early repolarization syndrome is a new disease entity characterized by ventricular fibrillation in the absence of structural heart abnormalities and the early repolarization pattern in ...
Impact of National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute–Supported Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research, 1998 to 2012
Authors: Richard R. Fabsitz, George J. Papanicolaou, Phyliss Sholinsky, Sean A. Coady, Cashell E. Jaquish, Cheryl R. Nelson, Jean L. Olson, Mona A. Puggal, Kevin L. Purkiser, Pothur R. Srinivas, Gina S. Wei, Michael Wolz, Paul D. Sorlie
Journal: Circulation (2015)
Effect of Beta-Oxidized Nitrosamines on Syrian Golden Hamsters. II. 2-Oxopropyl-n-propylnitrosamine2
Authors: Parviz Pour, Jürgen Althoff, Antonio Cardesa, Friedrich W. Krüger, Ulrich Mohr
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

2-Oxopropyl-n-propylnitrosamine (2-OPPN), a metabolite of di-n-propylnitrosamine (DPN) due to β,n-oxidation, was carcinogenic in the Syrian golden hamster. The main target organ of 2-OPPN was the respiratory tract, particularly the nasal cavity and the trachea. In the trachea, the upper segment was the predilected site of tumor development (papillary polyps). In addition to the neoplasms in the respiratory system, numerous tumors were found in the liver and kidlleys. The biologic effect of 2-OPPN was compared with that of 2-hydroxypropyl-npropy1nitrosamine and methyl-n-propylnitrosamine, other metabolites of DPN by β-oxidation.
Cisplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin augmented by interferon alfa-2b in head and neck cancer: a clinical and pharmacologic analysis.
Authors: E E Vokes, M J Ratain, R Mick, J M McEvilly, D Haraf, M Kozloff, V Hamasaki, R R Weichselbaum, W R Panje, B Wenig
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1993)

PURPOSE To increase the activity of cisplatin, fluorouracil (5-FU), and leucovorin (PFL) through further biochemical modulation and study the pharmacologic interaction of 5-FU and interferon alfa-2b (IFN). PATIENTS AND METHODS Escalating doses of IFN (0.5 to 4.0 x 10(6) U/m2/d x 6) were added to cisplatin 100 mg/m2, continuous infusion 5-FU 800 or 640 mg/m2/d x 5, and leucovorin 100 mg orally every 4 hours. Forty-eight previously untreated patients with locoregionally advanced head and neck cancer received up to three cycles of PFL-IFN. RESULTS Twenty-one patients were treated during a phase I cohort study. Dose-limiting mucositis was seen with 800 mg/m2/d of 5-FU and 0.5 x 10(6) U/m2/d of IFN. After decreasing the 5-FU dose to 640 mg/m2/d, the maximally tolerated dose (MTD) of IFN was 2.0 x 10(6) U/m2/d. Mucositis and myelosuppression were dose-limiting. Of 34 patients treated at this MTD, 56% (95% confidence interval, 39% to 73%) had a complete remission. There was no correlation between 5-FU clearance and IFN dose. Pharmacodynamic analyses at the MTD showed that older age, female sex, and higher 5-FU area under the time versus concentration curve (AUC) were associated with lower nadir counts and/or increased mucositis. Seven patients with diabetes mellitus had significantly increased myelosuppression, serum creatinine, hypocalcemia, higher 5-FU concentrations, and lower 5-FU clearance compared with nondiabetics. CONCLUSION The recommended doses for PFL-IFN are 640 mg/m2/d for 5-FU and 2.0 x 10(6) U/m2/d for IFN. Sex, age, 5-FU AUC, and diabetes mellitus may have an impact on the pharmacodynamics of this regimen.
A quarter of patients with rarer cancers see GPs several times before referral
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Nearly a quarter of patients with rarer cancers such as bone sarcoma or gallbladder cancer see a GP three or more times before being referred to a specialist and their cancer is diagnosed, show new results from the English national surveys of cancer patients.1

Prompt referral by GPs of patients with symptoms that may be due to cancer is a key part of efforts to improve early diagnosis and treatment, with the aim of improving outcomes. But rarer cancers are a particular challenge because …