tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Characteristics of Trauma and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in a Southwestern American Indian Community
Authors: R W Robin, B Chester, J K Rasmussen, J M Jaranson, D Goldman
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1997)

High rates of violence and trauma in many American Indian communities have been reported. The authors investigated the relationship between both the frequency and type of traumatic events and the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a Southwestern American Indian tribe.A structured psychiatric interview and the Traumatic Events Booklet were administered to a subset of 247 tribal members from an overall study population of 582. Subjects were recruited from the community on the basis of membership in pedigrees, and not by convenience. DSM-III-R diagnoses were assigned by consensus after the interviews were evaluated blindly by independent raters.The prevalence of lifetime PTSD was 21.9% (N = 54), and 81.4% of the subjects (N = 201) had experienced at least one traumatic event apiece. The most predictive factor for lifetime PTSD among women was the experience of physical assault, and for men the most predictive factors were a history of combat and having experienced more than 10 traumatic events.In this Southwestern American Indian community, the prevalences of lifetime PTSD and of exposure to a traumatic event were higher than in the general U.S. population. However, the nearly 4:1 ratio of subjects who reported at least one traumatic event to those with PTSD diagnoses is similar to findings from studies of non-Indians. Individuals with a history of multiple traumatic events (66.0%, N = 163) had a significantly higher risk of developing PTSD. Chronic and multiple trauma did not preclude the identification of acute and discrete traumatic events that resulted in PTSD.
Amoxicillin And Tlr Agonists Increase The Maturation Of Dendritic Cells From Patients With Non-immediate Allergy To Betalactams
Authors: S. Lopez, M.J. Torres, M.J. Sanchez, E. Gomez, A.B. Blazquez, C. Rondon, M.A. Guerrero, M. Blanca, C. Mayorga
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Studies on the mechanism of pulmonary vascular responses to miliary pulmonary embolism.
Authors: G P Kealey, M J Brody
Journal: Circulation Research (1977)

The nature and mechanisms of pulmonary vascular responses which follow miliary pulmonary embolism were examined in intact dogs in which the isolated left lower lobe was perfused at constant blood flow. Embolization of the lung with plastic microspheres increased total pulmonary vascular resistance, whereas, in contrast, vascular resistance of the isolated perfused left lower lobe which was protected from embolization was decreased. This vasodilation was prevented by chronic denervation of the lobe and by ganglionic blockade. Cervical vagotomy also blocked the response but atropine failed to alter the vasodilation. The response, which appeared to be reflex in origin and involve efferent sympathetic pathways, was prevented by beta-adrenergic receptor blockade produced by propranolol. Since the lobar vascular response to norepinephrine was significantly enhanced by propranolol, it was concluded that embolization of the lung evokes pulmonary vascular reflex vasodilation which is mediated over the sympathetic nervous system via a beta-adrenergic receptor mechanism.
Activated PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathways are potential good prognostic markers in node-positive, triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: K. Hashimoto, H. Tsuda, F. Koizumi, C. Shimizu, K. Yonemori, M. Ando, M. Kodaira, M. Yunokawa, Y. Fujiwara, K. Tamura
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Sustained unresponsiveness to peanut in subjects who have completed peanut oral immunotherapy
Authors: Brian P. Vickery, Amy M. Scurlock, Michael Kulis, Pamela H. Steele, Janet Kamilaris, Jelena P. Berglund, Caitlin Burk, Anne Hiegel, Suzanna Carlisle, Lynn Christie, Tamara T. Perry, Robbie D. Pesek, Saira Sheikh, Yamini Virkud, P. Brian Smith, Mohamed H. Shamji, Stephen R. Durham, Stacie M. Jones, A. Wesley Burks
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
The predictive validity of a single leg bridge test for hamstring injuries in Australian Rules Football Players
Authors: Grant Freckleton, Jill Cook, Tania Pizzari
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2013)

Background Hamstring muscle strain injuries (HMSI) are the greatest injury problem in kicking sports such as Australian Rules Football. Reduced hamstring muscle strength is commonly perceived to be a risk factor for hamstring injury; however, evidence is inconclusive. Testing hamstring strength with the hip and knee at functional angles and assessing endurance parameters may be more relevant for examining the risk of hamstring injury. Objective The primary aim of this prospective study was to examine if reduced hamstring muscle strength assessed with the single leg hamstring bridge (SLHB) was a risk factor for hamstring injury. Methods Hamstring muscle strength of 482 amateur and semielite players from 16 football clubs, mean age 20.7 (range 16–34 years), was tested during the 2011 preseason. Players were then monitored throughout the 2011 playing season for HMSI. Results A total of 28 hamstring injuries, 16 right and 12 left, were recorded. Players who sustained a right HMSI during the season had a significantly lower mean right SLHB score (p=0.029), were older (p=0.002) and were more likely to have sustained a past right hamstring injury (p=0.02) or right knee injury (p=0.035). For left-sided hamstring injury, the injured group was more likely to be left leg dominant (p=0.001), older athletes (p=0.002) and there was a trend towards a history of left hamstring injury (p=0.07). Conclusions This study demonstrated a significant deficit in preseason SLHB scores on the right leg of players that subsequently sustained a right-sided hamstring injury. Age, previous knee injury and a history of hamstring injury were other risk factors supported in this study. Low hamstring strength appears to be a risk factor for hamstring injury; however, due to the confounding variables and low injury rate in this study, further studies are required.
Prognostic significance of serial determinations of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the follow-up of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: F. Wimazal, W.R. Sperr, M. Kundi, A. Vales, C. Fonatsch, R. Thalhammer-Scherrer, I. Schwarzinger, P. Valent
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2008)
International Conference on Environmental Cadmium: An Overview
Authors: Bruce A. Fowler
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1979)

The International Conference on Environmental Cadmium was held June 7-9, 1978 on the NIH Campus in Bethesda, Maryland, to summarize the current level of scientific knowledge about cadmium as an environmental agent and to identify needed areas of research. The meeting was sponsored by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and the Department of Environmental Hygiene, Karolinska Institute, as Cooperating World Health Organization Centers in collaboration with the Scientific Committee on the Toxicology of Metals under the Permanent Commission and International Association on Occupational Health. The following overview was assembled with the assistance of Dr. Gunnar Nordberg, Secretary of the Scientific Committee on the Toxicology of Metals, and persons attending the conference, but final responsibility for the summary content and attached recommendations should be regarded as that of only the conference chairman. The meeting was divided into consecutive sessions dealing with methods and problems of analysis, sources of environmental pollution, occurrence and transformation in nature, effects and dose-response relationships in humans, kinetics and metabolism, effects and dose-response relationships in animals. Each of these sessions is summarized below followed by recommendations for areas of future research.
T-Cell Responses Directed against Multiple HLA-A*0201-Restricted Epitopes Derived from Wilms' Tumor 1 Protein in Patients with Leukemia and Healthy Donors: Identification, Quantification, and Characterization
Authors: Katayoun Rezvani, Jason M. Brenchley, David A. Price, Yasemin Kilical, Emma Gostick, Andrew K. Sewell, Jongming Li, Stephan Mielke, Daniel C. Douek, A. John Barrett
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2005)

Antigens derived from the Wilms' tumor (WT1) protein, which is overexpressed in leukemias, are attractive targets for immunotherapy. Four HLA-A*0201-restricted WT1-derived epitopes have been identified: WT37, WT126, WT187, and WT235. We determined the natural immunogenecity of these antigens in patients with hematologic malignancies and healthy donor.To detect very low frequencies of WT1-specific CD8+ T cells, we used quantitative reverse transcription-PCR to measure IFN-gamma mRNA production by WT1 peptide-pulsed CD8+ T cells from 12 healthy donors, 8 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia, 6 patients with acute myelogenous leukemia, and 8 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.Responses were detected in 5 of 8 chronic myelogenous leukemia patients, 4 of 6 patients with acute myelogenous leukemia, and 7 of 12 healthy donors. No responses were detected in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The magnitude and extent of these CD8+ T-cell responses was greater in patients with myeloid leukemias than in healthy donors. Clonotypic analysis of WT1-specific CD8+ T cells directly ex vivo in one case showed that this naturally occurring population was oligoclonal. Using fluorescent peptide-MHC class I tetramers incorporating mutations in the alpha3 domain (D227K/T228A) that abrogate binding to the CD8 coreceptor, we were able to confirm the presence of high-avidity T-cell clones within the antigen-specific repertoire.The natural occurrence of high-avidity WT1-specific CD8+ T cells in the periphery could facilitate vaccination strategies to expand immune responses against myeloid leukemias.
Tissue factor is expressed on monocytes during simulated extracorporeal circulation.
Authors: J Kappelmayer, A Bernabei, L H Edmunds, T S Edgington, R W Colman
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

Certain forms of extracorporeal circulation exemplified by cardiopulmonary bypass require continuous high-dose anticoagulation to prevent thromboembolic complications. We hypothesized that monocytes may be stimulated to express tissue factor (TF) during prolonged simulated extracorporeal circulation. TF was identified both by flow cytometry by using three TF-specific monoclonal antibodies and functional assay of procoagulant activity (PCA). TF significantly increased between 2 and 6 hours of simulated extracorporeal circulation by both analyses. Relative fluorescence on monocytes increased from a control value of 100 to 313 +/- 79 on cells from the simulated extracorporeal circuit (p &lt; 0.05). PCA increased from 21 +/- 8 to 775 +/- 326 pg TF/10(6) monocytes (p &lt; 0.05) and was blocked 99.6% by preincubation of cells with a mixture of monoclonal antibodies to TF. By 6 hours, the number of leukocytes in the circuit was decreased by 43%. The cells were recovered from the oxygenator membrane by washing with EDTA. Compared with initial values, by 6 hours, both TF antigen at 378 +/- 90 (p &lt; 0.05) and PCA at 1,357 +/- 280 pg TF/10(6) monocytes (p &lt; 0.01) were highest in the recovered cells. Cells incubated for 6 hours and not subjected to simulated extracorporeal circulation did not increase TF. Examination of monocytes for the adhesive receptor CD11b/18 (Mac-1) paralleled TF expression, providing an additional putative receptor for the coagulant proteins, factor X and fibrinogen or fibrin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Campylobacter infection mimicking Crohn's disease in an immuno-deficient patient.
Authors: E S Green, N E Parker, A R Gellert, E R Beck
Journal: BMJ (1984)

between infarction and haemorrhage in the three groups is essentially unchanged.That treatment has different effects on different lesions caused by hypertension is perhaps not surprising.The most probable explanation is that the processes giving rise to atheroma are already established at the time when treatment is begun and that progression of these processes is unaffected by treatment.If so, preventive methods may require earlier intervention even before drug treatment would normally be considered.Further studies of possible reversible environmental factors in hyper- tension are required to define how practicable such measures are, but the burden of cerebrovascular disease in an aging population demands that these problems be examined scientifically.
Improvement of facial acne scars by the 585 nm flashlamp-pumped pulsed dye laser
Authors: T S Alster, T O McMeekin
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1996)

Hypertrophic or erythematous scars (or both) have remained notoriously difficult to treat because of their persistence or recurrence after traditional therapies. Recently, the 585 nm flashlamp-pumped pulsed dye laser has been shown to be effective in treating similar traumatic and surgical scars.Our purpose was to determine the effectiveness of the 585 nm flashlamp-pumped pulsed dye laser in the specific treatment of facial acne scars.Twenty-two patients with erythematous or hypertrophic facial acne scars were included in this Investigational Review Board-approved study. The 585 nm flashlamp-pumped pulsed-dye laser was used to treat scars on half of each patient's face, with the contralateral side used as control. Baseline, 6-week, and 6-month posttreatment photographs, erythema measurements made with reflectance spectrometry, and skin texture analyses were obtained from laser-irradiated and untreated scars. Clinical analyses were performed independently by two "blinded" observers.Significant clinical improvement was observed in laser-irradiated acne scars compared with the untreated (control) scars after one or two 585 nm pulsed-dye laser treatments. Erythema measurements and skin texture analyses of laser-treated scars approximated those obtained in the adjacent normal skin.The 585 nm flashlamp-pumped pulsed-dye laser can significantly improve the clinical appearance of erythematous or hypertrophic facial acne scars.
TLR7 and TLR9-activated inflammation is differentially regulated in asthma
Authors: Christos Rossios, David Gibeon, Patricia Macedo, Kian Fan Chung, Ian M. Adcock
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background: Innate immunity is the first line of our defence in response to pathogens. Pattern recognition receptors, including the toll-like receptors (TLRs), recognise several pathogen-associated microbial patterns (PAMPs) and trigger immune and inflammatory responses to destroy invaders. RNA viruses such as rhinovirus, are a common cause of exacerbations of asthma. Severe asthma patients have an increased incidence of asthma exacerbations and are usually treated with high doses of corticosteroids.

Aims & Objectives: Determine the effect of TLR7 and TLR9 activation on inflammatory cytokine release and the modulation of these responses by corticosteroids in blood monocytes from severe asthmatic patients.

Methods: Human blood monocytes were obtained from whole blood from healthy volunteers and asthmatic subjects. Cells were treated with increasing concentrations of dexamethasone (10-9 – 10-6 M) for 1 hr or left untreated, prior to overnight stimulation with either 5 μg/ml imiquimod (TLR7 agonist) or 5 μg/ml CpG DNA (TLR9 agonist). Supernatants were collected for CXCL8 cytokine release by ELISA.

Results: TLR7 and TLR9 agonists induced CXCL8 release in blood monocytes. Dexamethasone inhibited this response in a concentration-dependent manner in all subject groups. However, the induction of CXCL8 release was significantly higher in blood monocytes from healthy volunteers and non-severe asthmatics compared to severe asthmatics.

Conclusion: Both TLR agonists show a differential inflammatory response in severe asthma. We are currently investigating whether this effect is mirrored at the transcriptional level. The pathway(s) leading to these differential responses in human blood monocytes will be investigated.
Novel Mutations in NPHS2 Detected in Both Familial and Sporadic Steroid-Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: Stephanie M. Karle, Barbara Uetz, Vera Ronner, Lisa Glaeser, Friedhelm Hildebrandt, Arno Fuchshuber
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2002)

ABSTRACT. Autosomal recessive steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRINS) belongs to the heterogeneous group of familial nephrotic syndrome and represents a frequent cause of end-stage renal disease in childhood. This kidney disorder is characterized by early onset of proteinuria, progression to end-stage renal disease, and histologic findings of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, minimal change nephrotic syndrome, or both. A causative gene, NPHS2, has been mapped to chromosome 1q25-q31 and was recently identified by positional cloning. This study reports five novel NPHS2 mutations: A284V, R196P, V290M, IVS4-1G→T, and 460-467insT in 12 (46%) of 26 multiplex families and in 7 (28%) of 25 single patients with the clinical diagnosis of a SRINS. Because NPHS2 mutations were found in nearly 30% of these patients with "sporadic" SRINS, mutational analysis should also be performed in these patients. Besides better classification of the disease entity, identification of NPHS2 mutations may save some of these patients from unnecessary steroid treatment and also permit the prediction of absence of disease recurrence after kidney transplantation.
The glomerular mesangium
Authors: S. Michael Mauer, Alfred J. Fish, Edward B. Blau, Alfred F. Michael
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1972)

This study was designed to define quantitatively the function of the rat glomerular mesangium in the uptake and processing of intravenously administered protein macromolecules (radiolabeled aggregated human IgG, AHIgG-(125)I), to relate this function to that of the general reticuloendothelial system, and to examine the effects of increased glomerular permeability to protein on the mesangial cell system.Mesangial localization of human IgG as demonstrated by immunofluorescent microscopy showed good correlation with concentrations of AHIgG-(125)I in preparations of isolated glomeruli. In normal rats the concentrations of AHIgG-(125)I in glomeruli were similar to those of lung, liver, and spleen and demonstrated a rapid decrease with increasing time intervals after aggregate administration. In rats given aminonucleoside of puromycin a marked increase in mesangial uptake of aggregates was found while studies of nephrotic lungs, liver, spleen, and blood showed no such differences. Glomerular levels of AHIgG-(125)I in aminonucleoside animals could not be correlated with the quantity of proteinuria. Nephrotic and control animals given unaggregated human IgG showed little glomerular localization by immunofluorescent microscopy; no difference in the concentration of this protein in nephrotic as compared to control glomerular isolates was found.Thus, the mesangium in normal animals functions in a manner analogous to that of the general reticuloendothelial system. In nephrotic rats the mesangial uptake of macromolecules is makedly increased, a finding not observed in other tissues.
Autosomal dominant dilated cardiomyopathy with atrioventricular block: a lamin A/C defect-related disease
Authors: Eloisa Arbustini, Andrea Pilotto, Alessandra Repetto, Maurizia Grasso, Andrea Negri, Marta Diegoli, Carlo Campana, Laura Scelsi, Elisa Baldini, Antonello Gavazzi, Luigi Tavazzi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Relationship of Prospective GHb to Glycated Serum Proteins in Incident Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Robert M. Cohen, Tamara J. LeCaire, Christopher J. Lindsell, Eric P. Smith, Donn J. D'Alessio
Journal: Diabetes Care (2007)

When estimating long-term glycemic control, A1C is considered the gold standard (1–3), but patients with seemingly equivalent A1C differ in their risk for microvascular complications (4,5). Recently, the “glycation gap,” defined as the difference between the measured A1C and that which would be predicted from another measure of glycemic control, fructosamine, has been proposed as a means of identifying sources of variance in the apparent risk (6). Because hemoglobin is an intracellular protein and fructosamine reflects extracellular proteins, the glycation gap could result from differences between the ambient glucose concentrations or rates of glycation in the intracellular and extracellular compartments or interindividual differences in the turnover/metabolism of underlying proteins (6). In this study, we sought to determine whether there are differences in the relationship of GHb to fructosamine in diabetic subjects who do or do not develop retinopathy.

The present study was completed in collaboration with the Wisconsin Diabetes Registry Study (WDRS), an incident type 1 diabetes cohort followed for complications over 4–14 years’ duration. The WDRS has been described previously (7). New fructosamine testing was completed in 86 subjects who were identified among 290 with fundus photographs at 9 years. Patients with retinopathy ( n = 13), patients with missing photographs indicating no retinopathy ( n = 38) at 4 years or missing GHb or random glucose at 4 and/or 9 years ( n = 118), and patients having insufficient plasma for testing fructosamine at the 4-year exam ( n = 35) were excluded. Of the 86 eligible patients, 2 with fructosamine concentrations >1,000 μmol/l were omitted. …
Signaling Efficiency of the T Cell Receptor Controlled by a Single Amino Acid in the β Chain Constant Region
Authors: B. Thomas Bäckström, Barbara T. Hausmann, Ed Palmer
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1997)

A single amino acid residue, Gln136, located within the connecting peptide domain of Cβ controls the ability of the α/β TCR to transmit a full signal. TCRs in which this Cβ residue is mutated to Phe, the residue found in TCR-γ, are unresponsive to antigenic ligands. Interestingly, this Cβ residue is either polar or charged in every species studied thus far, including the trout and the skate. In contrast, the analogous residue in Cγ is always hydrophobic. In spite of their compromised antigen responsiveness, the mutant TCR complex contains the CD3-γ, -δ, -ε, and -ζ chains, and undergoes ζ chain phosphorylation and ZAP-70 recruitment. However, the biological response of the mutant TCR could be rescued with a calcium ionophore, implying that mutant TCRs are defective in generating a calcium-mediated signal. The implications of the differences between Cβ and Cγ are considered.
LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP AFTER NORMAL STRESS PERFUSION ON CARDIAC MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
Authors: Fabiola B. Sozzi, Laura Iacuzio, Filippo Civaia, Frederic Berthier, Stephan Rusek, Philipe Rossi, Francois Bourlon, Gilles Dreyfus, Vincent Dor
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)