tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Rapid Appearance and Disappearance of Dendriform Pulmonary Ossification after Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage
Authors: Tomoko Yamagishi, Nobukazu Fujimoto, Yosuke Miyamoto, Naofumi Hara, Michiko Asano, Yasuko Fuchimoto, Sae Wada, Kenichi Kitamura, Shinji Ozaki, Hideyuki Nishi, Takumi Kishimoto
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2015)

The Rapid Appearance and Disappearance of Dendriform Pulmonary Ossification after Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage Tomoko Yamagishi, Nobukazu Fujimoto, Yosuke Miyamoto, Naofumi Hara, Michiko Asano, Yasuko Fuchimoto, Sae Wada, Kenichi Kitamura, Shinji Ozaki, Hideyuki Nishi, and Takumi Kishimoto Department of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgery, and Department of Internal Medicine, Okayama Rosai Hospital, Okayama, Japan
Role of saliva proteinase 3 in dental caries
Authors: Teng-Yu Yang, Wen-Jie Zhou, Yue Du, Song-Tao Wu, Wen-Wen Yuan, Yu Yu, Lin Su, Yang Luo, Jie-Hua Zhang, Wan-Lu Lu, Xiao-Qian Wang, Jiao Chen, Yun Feng, Xue-Dong Zhou, Ping Zhang
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2015)

Salivary analysis can be used to assess the severity of caries. Of the known salivary proteins, a paucity of information exists concerning the role of proteinase 3 (PR3), a serine protease of the chymotrypsin family, in dental caries. Whole, unstimulated saliva was collected from children with varying degrees of active caries and tested using a Human Protease Array Kit and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A significantly decreased concentration of salivary PR3 was noted with increasing severity of dental caries (P<0.01); a positive correlation (r=0.87; P<0.01; Pearson's correlation analysis) was also observed between salivary pH and PR3 concentration. In an antibacterial test, a PR3 concentration of 250 ng·mL−1 or higher significantly inhibited Streptococcus mutans UA159 growth after 12 h of incubation (P<0.05). These studies indicate that PR3 is a salivary factor associated with the severity of dental caries, as suggested by the negative relationship between salivary PR3 concentration and the severity of caries as well as the susceptibility of S. mutans to PR3. Higher levels of proteinase 3 (PR3) in saliva are associated with lower levels of dental caries. Other salivary proteins have previously been shown to influence dental health. Ping Zhang, Xue-Dong Zhou and co-workers at the State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, China, analyzed salivary proteins and the pH of saliva collected from 128 healthy six-year-old children. Caries-free children showed significantly higher levels of PR3 than those with caries. Salivary pH was not significantly associated with caries, but a higher pH was significantly associated with higher PR3 levels. The researchers investigated whether PR3 showed activity against Streptococcus mutans, a bacterium commonly associated with cavities. High levels of PR3 inhibited the growth of S. mutans. Further studies will be required to determine whether PR3 can be used to help prevent cavities.
Oncolytic immunotherapy for the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer using intravesical coxsackievirus A21
Authors: Nicola E Annels, Guy Simpson, Mehreen Arif, Mick Denyer, Attya Iqbal, David Mansfield, Sarbjinder Sandhu, Alan Melcher, Kevin Harrington, Gough Au, Mark Grose, Darren Shafren, Hugh Mostafid, Hardev Pandha
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2015)

Meeting abstracts As a clinical setting in which local live biological therapy is already well established, nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) presents intriguing opportunities for oncolytic virotherapy. Coxsackievirus A21 (CVA21) is a novel intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1)
New-Onset Heart Failure in a Patient With a Pacemaker
Authors: Matthew William Paul Jackson, Robin James Taylor
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Phase I Clinical Trials in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: 23-Year Experience From Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program of the National Cancer Institute
Authors: Joshua F. Zeidner, Judith E. Karp, Amanda L. Blackford, Matthew C. Foster, E. Claire Dees, Gary Smith, S. Percy Ivy, Pamela Harris
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2015)

Therapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has largely remained unchanged, and outcomes are unsatisfactory. We sought to analyze outcomes of AML patients enrolled in phase I studies to determine whether overall response rates (ORR) and mortality rates have changed over time. A retrospective analysis was performed on 711 adult AML patients enrolling in 45 phase I clinical trials supported by the Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program of the National Cancer Institute from 1986 to 2009. Changes in ORR and mortality rates for patients enrolled in 1986 to 1990, 1991 to 1995, 1996 to 2000, 2001 to 2005, and 2006 to 2009 were estimated with multivariable logistic regression models. All statistical tests were two-sided. There was a statistically significant increase in AML patients enrolling in phase I clinical trials over time (1986 to 1990: n = 61; 2006 to 2009: n = 256; P = .03). The ORR for the entire cohort was 15.4% (1986 to 1990: 8.9%, 1991 to 1995: 21.1%; 1996 to 2000: 7.0%; 2001 to 2005: 10.0%; 2006 to 2009: 22.6%), and it statistically significantly improved over time ( P < .001). There was a statistically significant improvement in ORRs with novel agents in combination vs single agents (ORR = 22.8% vs 4.7%, respectively, odds ratio = 5.95, 95% confidence interval = 3.22 to 11.9, P < .001). The 60-day mortality rate for the entire cohort was 22.6%, but it statistically significantly improved over time ( P = .009). There has been an encouraging increase in AML patients enrolling in phase I clinical studies over time. The improvement in ORRs appears to be partly because of the increase in combination trials and the inclusion of previously untreated poor-risk AML. Continued enrollment of AML patients in early phase clinical trials is vital for drug development and improvement in therapeutic outcomes.
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: E C Lian
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1988)

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), emerged in China in December 2019 and quickly spread around the globe, killing more than 4 million people and causing a severe economic crisis. ...Read More
Pivotal role of miR-448 in the development of ROS-induced cardiomyopathy
Authors: Sergii Kyrychenko, Viktoriia Kyrychenko, Myriam A. Badr, Yoshiyuki Ikeda, Junichi Sadoshima, Natalia Shirokova
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2015)

AimsNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide oxidases (NOXs) are important contributors to cellular oxidative stress in the cardiovascular system. The NOX2 isoform is upregulated in numerous disorders, including dystrophic cardiomyopathy, where it drives the progression of the disease. However, mechanisms underlying NOX2 overexpression are still unknown. We investigated the role of microRNAs (miRs) in the regulation of NOX2 expression.
Anti-inflammatory effects of PGE<sub>2</sub> in the lung: role of the EP<sub>4</sub> receptor subtype
Authors: Mark A Birrell, Sarah A Maher, Bilel Dekkak, Victoria Jones, Sissie Wong, Peter Brook, Maria G Belvisi
Journal: Thorax (2015)

Background Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are chronic inflammatory diseases of the airway. Current treatment options (long acting β-adrenoceptor agonists and glucocorticosteroids) are not optimal as they are only effective in certain patient groups and safety concerns exist regarding both compound classes. Therefore, novel bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory strategies are being pursued. Prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) is an arachidonic acid-derived eicosanoid produced by the lung which acts on four different G-protein coupled receptors (EP 1–4 ) to cause an array of beneficial and deleterious effects. The aim of this study was to identify the EP receptor mediating the anti-inflammatory actions of PGE 2 in the lung using a range of cell-based assays and in vivo models. Methods and results It was demonstrated in three distinct model systems (innate stimulus, lipopolysaccharide (LPS); allergic response, ovalbumin (OVA); inhaled pollutant, cigarette smoke) that mice missing functional EP 4 ( Ptger4 −/− ) receptors had higher levels of airway inflammation, suggesting that endogenous PGE 2 was suppressing inflammation via EP 4 receptor activation. Cell-based assay systems (murine and human monocytes/alveolar macrophages) demonstrated that PGE 2 inhibited cytokine release from LPS-stimulated cells and that this was mimicked by an EP 4 (but not EP 1–3 ) receptor agonist and inhibited by an EP 4 receptor antagonist. The anti-inflammatory effect occurred at the transcriptional level and was via the adenylyl cyclase/cAMP/ cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) axis. Conclusion This study demonstrates that EP 4 receptor activation is responsible for the anti-inflammatory activity of PGE 2 in a range of disease relevant models and, as such, could represent a novel therapeutic target for chronic airway inflammatory conditions.
A Phase I study to evaluate the safety and antitumor activity of durvalumab (MEDI4736) in combination with tremelimumab in patients with advanced solid tumors
Authors: Kyriakos P Papadopoulos, Frank Tsai, Omid Hamid, Feng Xiao, Keith E Steele, Marlon C Rebelatto, Paul B Robbins, Joyson J Karakunnel, Dominic W Lai, Amit Mahipal
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2015)

Meeting abstracts The immune system is able to control the growth of many types of cancers. Most tumors show infiltration by tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, but tumors modulate the local microenvironment by expressing immune-inhibitory molecules. Blockade of immune checkpoints such as cytotoxic T-
A Review of: “James Hughes. 2004. Citizen Cyborg: Why Democratic Societies Must Respond to the Redesigned Human of the Future”
Authors: Linda MacDonald Glenn
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2005)

"A Review of: "James Hughes. 2004. Citizen Cyborg: Why Democratic Societies Must Respond to the Redesigned Human of the Future"." , 5(5), pp. 81–82 Notes 1The online free encyclopedia, Wikipedia, describes democratic socialism as a political movement that can gradually establish socialist reform by modifying capitalism from within, via democracy and trade unions and reform, rather than by violent revolution. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_socialism (Accessed 6/8/2005)
The Effects of Diabetes on the Risks of Major Cardiovascular Diseases and Death in the Asia-Pacific Region
Authors: M Woodward, X Zhang, F Barzi, W Pan, H Ueshima, A Rodgers, S MacMahon
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

OBJECTIVE—To provide reliable age- and region-specific estimates of the associations between diabetes and major cardiovascular diseases and death in populations from the Asia-Pacific region. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Twenty-four cohort studies from Asia, Australia, and New Zealand (median follow-up, 5.4 years) provided individual participant data from 161,214 people (58% from Asia) of whom 4,873 had a history of diabetes at baseline. The associations of diabetes with the risks of coronary heart disease, stroke, and cause-specific mortality during follow-up were estimated using time-dependent Cox models, stratified by study cohort and sex and adjusted for age at risk. RESULTS—In all, 9,277 deaths occurred (3,635 from cardiovascular disease). The hazard ratio (95% CI) associated with diabetes was 1.97 (1.72–2.25) for fatal cardiovascular disease; there were similar hazard ratios for fatal coronary heart disease, fatal stroke, and composites of fatal and nonfatal outcomes. For all cardiovascular outcomes, hazard ratios were similar in Asian and non-Asian populations and in men and women, but were greater in younger than older individuals. For noncardiovascular death, the hazard ratio was 1.56 (1.38–1.77), with separately significant increases in the risks of death from renal disease, cancer, respiratory infections, and other infective causes. The hazard ratio for all-causes mortality was 1.68 (1.55–1.84), with similar ratios in Asian and non-Asian populations, but with significantly higher ratios in younger than older individuals. CONCLUSIONS—The relative effect of diabetes on the risks of cardiovascular disease and death in Asian populations is much the same as that in the largely Caucasian populations of Australia and New Zealand. Hazard ratios were severalfold greater in younger people than older people. The rapidly growing prevalence of diabetes in Asia heralds a large increase in the incidence of diabetes-related death in the coming decades.
Management of Insomnia
Authors: C R Soldatos, A Kales, J D Kales
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1979)

The general physician is the most appropriate person to evaluate and treat patients presenting with the complaint of insomnia. However, there has recently been an overemphasis on the need for patients to be evaluated in sleep disorders clinics, particularly in their sleep laboratories. These sleep laboratory evaluations are expensive and time consuming, and often con­ tribute only minimally to the overall management of the insomniac patient. In fact, they may even detract from the comprehensive psychiatric, neuro­ logical, pharmacological, and general medical approac:h that is necessary for the effective management of insomnia. The primary goal of sleep disor­ ders clinics and their staff should be to supplement and enhance the general physician's ability to evaluate and treat patients with sleep disorders, partic­ ularly insomnia, the most common sleep disorder (1). This review is de­ signed to strengthen the physician's ability to more rationally and effectively evaluate and treat the condition of insomnia in his office practice. Thus, clinical and laboratory findings are presented, the causative factors of in­ somnia are defined, assessment guidelines are delineated, and appropriate treatment methods are reviewed.
Acute Lung Injury Causes Asynchronous Alveolar Ventilation That Can Be Corrected by Individual Sighs
Authors: Arata Tabuchi, Hannah T. Nickles, Michael Kim, John W. Semple, Edmund Koch, Laurent Brochard, Arthur S. Slutsky, Axel R. Pries, Wolfgang M. Kuebler
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2015)

Improved ventilation strategies have been the mainstay for reducing mortality in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Their unique clinical effectiveness is, however, unmatched by our understanding of the underlying mechanobiology, and their impact on alveolar dynamics and gas exchange remains largely speculative.To assess changes in alveolar dynamics and associated effects on local gas exchange in experimental models of acute lung injury (ALI) and their responsiveness to sighs.Alveolar dynamics and local gas exchange were studied in vivo by darkfield microscopy and multispectral oximetry in experimental murine models of ALI induced by hydrochloric acid, Tween instillation, or in antibody-mediated transfusion-related ALI.Independent of injury mode, ALI resulted in asynchronous alveolar ventilation characteristic of alveolar pendelluft, which either spontaneously resolved or progressed to a complete cessation or even inversion of alveolar ventilation. The functional relevance of the latter phenomena was evident as impaired blood oxygenation in juxtaposed lung capillaries. Individual sighs (2 × 10 s at inspiratory plateau pressure of 30 cm H2O) largely restored normal alveolar dynamics and gas exchange in acid-induced ALI, yet not in Tween-induced surfactant depletion.We describe for the first time in detail the different forms and temporal sequence of impaired alveolar dynamics in the acutely injured lung and report the first direct visualization of alveolar pendelluft. Moreover, we identify individual sighs as an effective strategy to restore intact alveolar ventilation by a mechanism independent of alveolar collapse and reopening.
Local infusion of urokinase for the lysis of thrombosis associated with permanent central venous catheters in cancer patients.
Authors: G Fraschini, J Jadeja, M Lawson, F A Holmes, H C Carrasco, S Wallace
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1987)

We assessed the efficacy of local fibrinolytic therapy in 35 axillary-subclavian vein thromboses (SVT) that occurred in cancer patients with percutaneous central venous catheters (CVC). These catheters were indwelling for a median of 1 month (range, one day to 10 months) before thrombosis developed. Urokinase was administered at a dose of 500 to 2,000 U/kg/h. Complete lysis occurred in 25 of 30 thrombi that were directly infused, after a median of four days. Complete lysis occurred in one of 12 thrombi that could not be directly infused with urokinase and in two of six with associated phlebitis. Eighty-one percent of the thrombi that were symptomatic for less than 1 week before treatment resolved, compared with 56% present for longer than 1 week. Sixteen patients who had complete (12) or partial (four) thrombolysis did not have their CVCs removed. All four patients with partial thrombolysis had recurrent thrombosis at a median of eight days (range, one to 90). Only two patients who had complete thrombolysis had recurrent thrombosis, at 8 and 16 months. Only minor hemorrhagic toxicity was seen.
The systemic administration of intravenous melphalan.
Authors: G Sarosy, B Leyland-Jones, P Soochan, B D Cheson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1988)

Melphalan (L-phenylalanine mustard) is a bifunctional alkylating agent that is commonly administered orally to treat a wide variety of malignancies, including cancers of the breast and ovary, as well as multiple myeloma. Although commercially available in Europe and Canada, intravenous (IV) melphalan remains investigational in the United States. The role of IV melphalan in cancer chemotherapy is not well defined, despite its manageable toxicity and higher and more predictable blood levels following IV administration compared with oral administration. In addition, unlike oral melphalan, an extensive phase I evaluation of IV melphalan has not been undertaken. At lower doses (eg, 30 to 70 mg/m2), both as a single agent and in combination, the activity of IV melphalan has been evaluated in only a limited number of diseases. However, striking activity has been observed in previously untreated patients with rhabdomyosarcoma, a disease not generally considered responsive to alkylating agents. When administered at high doses (greater than 140 mg/m2) requiring bone marrow reinfusion, melphalan effects a high response rate (but no improvement in survival) in a variety of nonhematologic tumor types, including resistant tumors such as melanoma and colon carcinoma. In contrast, in poor-prognosis patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, multiple myeloma, or neuroblastoma, high-dose melphalan-containing regimens have yielded both high response rates and improved survival, despite considerable toxicity. Additional clinical trials will be necessary to define the spectrum of activity of lower doses of IV melphalan and to define subgroups of patients most likely to benefit from high-dose melphalan.
Cellular Mechanisms of Cholestasis
Authors: D G Oelberg, R Lester
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1986)

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), emerged in China in December 2019 and quickly spread around the globe, killing more than 4 million people and causing a severe economic crisis. ...Read More
Treatment Regimen, Surgical Outcome, and T-cell Differentiation Influence Prognostic Benefit of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Maartje C.A. Wouters, Fenne L. Komdeur, Hagma H. Workel, Harry G. Klip, Annechien Plat, Neeltje M. Kooi, G. Bea A. Wisman, Marian J.E. Mourits, Henriette J.G. Arts, Maaike H.M. Oonk, Refika Yigit, Steven de Jong, Cornelis J.M. Melief, Harry Hollema, Evelien W. Duiker, Toos Daemen, Marco de Bruyn, Hans W. Nijman
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Purpose: Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) are associated with a better prognosis in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC). However, it is largely unknown how this prognostic benefit of TIL relates to current standard treatment of surgical resection and (neo-)adjuvant chemotherapy. To address this outstanding issue, we compared TIL infiltration in a unique cohort of patients with advanced-stage HGSC primarily treated with either surgery or neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Experimental Design: Tissue microarray slides containing samples of 171 patients were analyzed for CD8+ TIL by IHC. Freshly isolated CD8+ TIL subsets were characterized by flow cytometry based on differentiation, activation, and exhaustion markers. Relevant T-cell subsets (CD27+) were validated using IHC and immunofluorescence. Results: A prognostic benefit for patients with high intratumoral CD8+ TIL was observed if primary surgery had resulted in a complete cytoreduction (no residual tissue). By contrast, optimal (&amp;lt;1 cm of residual tumor) or incomplete cytoreduction fully abrogated the prognostic effect of CD8+ TIL. Subsequent analysis of primary TIL by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence identified CD27 as a key marker for a less-differentiated, yet antigen-experienced and potentially tumor-reactive CD8+ TIL subset. In line with this, CD27+ TIL were associated with an improved prognosis even in incompletely cytoreduced patients. Neither CD8+ nor CD27+ cell infiltration was of prognostic benefit in patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that treatment regimen, surgical result, and the differentiation of TIL should all be taken into account when studying immune factors in HGSC or, by extension, selecting patients for immunotherapy trials. Clin Cancer Res; 22(3); 714–24. ©2015 AACR.
Correction notice for TNF-R on mast cells regulate airway responses to Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Authors: Bethany J. Hsia, Julie G. Ledford, Erin N. Potts-Kant, Vinayak S. Nikam, Njira L. Lugogo, W. Michael Foster, Monica Kraft, Soman N. Abraham, Jo Rae Wright
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)