tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Local immunoglobulin production is different in gastritis associated with dermatitis herpetiformis and simple gastritis.
Authors: K Valnes, P Brandtzaeg, K Elgjo, R Stave, K Baklien, O Fausa
Journal: Gut (1987)

The degree of inflammation and atrophy in gastric body mucosal specimens (n = 38) from 28 patients with dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) was graded histologically. Immunoglobulin (Ig) producing cells were enumerated by paired immunofluorescence staining in a 500 microns wide section area from the muscularis mucosae to the lumen (mucosal 'tissue unit'). The number of immunocytes of the three main classes (IgA, IgM, and IgG) was significantly raised with increasing degree of gastritis. All three classes were increased in specimens showing atrophy compared with those without atrophy. IgA cells predominated as in simple gastritis, but a striking difference was a marked increase of IgM cells in specimens with the most pronounced DH-associated gastritis. Relative class distribution of immunocytes within different mucosal zones showed that the percentage of IgA cells was significantly higher in the luminal than in the basal zone, whereas the contrary was true for IgG cells. IgM cells did not show any zonal preference. No relation was seen between small bowel and gastric lesions. The disproportionate increase of gastric IgM producing cells in DH might nevertheless reflect seeding of precursor cells of the secretory immune system generated in the proximal small intestine where the local IgM response is relatively pronounced.
Expression of K13/v-FLIP Gene of Human Herpesvirus 8 and Apoptosis in Kaposi's Sarcoma Spindle Cells
Authors: M Stürzl, C Hohenadl, C Zietz, E Castanos-Velez, A Wunderlich, G Ascherl, P Biberfeld, P Monini, P J Browning, B Ensoli
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1999)

BACKGROUND: Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) infection is associated with all forms of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). The HHV8 genome locus ORFK13-72-73 (ORF = open reading frame) encodes proteins that may be important in HHV8-mediated pathogenesis, i.e., the latency-associated nuclear antigen (encoded by ORF73), viral-cyc-D (v-cyc-D), a viral homologue of cellular cyclin D (encoded by ORF72), and viral-FLIP (v-FLIP), a homologue of the cellular FLICE (Fas-associated death domain-like interleukin 1 beta-converting enzyme) inhibitory protein (encoded by ORFK13; is an inhibitor of apoptosis [programmed cell death]). Through differential splicing events, this locus expresses individual RNA transcripts that encode all three proteins (tricistronic transcripts) or just two of them (v-FLIP and v-cyc-D; bicistronic transcripts). We examined expression of these transcripts in KS tissues. METHODS: We collected tissues from patients with KS of different stages. By use of an optimized in situ hybridization procedure, we examined different ORFK13-72-73 locus transcripts in HHV8-infected cells in skin lesions and in one adjacent lymph node. Apoptosis in KS lesions was determined by use of an in situ assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate the following: 1) Transcripts from the ORFK13-72-73 locus appear to be spliced differentially in latently infected KS cells in skin lesions and in HHV8-infected cells in lymph nodes; specifically, ORFK13-ORF72 bicistronic transcripts were expressed abundantly in KS cells, whereas ORFK13-ORF72-ORF73 tricistronic transcripts were detected only in lymph node cells. 2) Sequences encoding the antiapoptotic protein v-FLIP are expressed at very low levels in early KS lesions, but expression increases dramatically in late-stage lesions. 3) The increase in expression of v-FLIP-encoding transcripts is associated with a reduction in apoptosis in KS lesions. IMPLICATIONS: These data suggest that functional v-FLIP is produced in vivo and that antiapoptotic mechanisms may be involved in the rapid growth of KS lesions, where only a few cells undergoing mitosis are generally observed.
Maturation of human spermatozoa (from selected epididymides of prostatic carcinoma patients) with respect to their morphology and ability to undergo the acrosome reaction
Authors: C. Yeung
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (1997)

Spermatozoa were recovered from three regions of the epididymis of six prostatic carcinoma patients. After washing and incubating for 3 h in Ham's F-10 medium, with or without 5 microM A23187 for the last 30 min, spermatozoa were tested for vitality by hypotonic swelling and permeated with methanol to detect the acrosome with peanut agglutinin. Whereas the extent of spontaneous acrosome reactions was similar for spermatozoa from all regions of the duct, 17 and 28% of spermatozoa from the corpus and cauda epididymidis respectively, responded to stimulation by A23187 with acrosome reactions but there was no stimulation by A23187 of spermatozoa from the efferent ducts. The percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa increased stepwise towards the distal regions, with abnormalities being mostly enlarged heads in more proximal regions; they were largely absent from the cauda epididymidis. Sperm head swelling was similarly observed in cynomolgus monkey spermatozoa from the caput epididymidis but not the more distal regions. These forms were not observed when spermatozoa were fixed before smearing, indicating that they were artefacts of sperm preparation. The changes in the susceptibility of non-fixed epididymal spermatozoa to produce morphological artefacts and the gain in their acrosomal response to ionophore demonstrate maturational changes of spermatozoa in the human epididymis.
Total daily energy expenditure relative to resting energy expenditure in clinically stable patients with COPD
Authors: E. M. Baarends, A. M. Schols, K. R. Westerterp, E. F. Wouters
Journal: Thorax (1997)

BACKGROUND: An elevated resting energy expenditure (REE) commonly occurs in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary (COPD). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of an increased REE on total daily energy expenditure (TDE) in 20 patients with COPD (19 men) with mean (SD) forced expiratory volume in one second of 37 (14)% predicted. METHODS: TDE was measured over a two week interval using doubly labelled water. Fat-free mass (FFM) was calculated from total body water assessed by deuterium dilution. REE was measured by indirect calorimetry using a ventilated hood system. RESULTS: The patients (10 men) with a significantly higher REE than those with a normal REE (median difference 205 kcal/ 24 h, p &lt; 0.05) had a comparable TDE (hypermetabolic at rest: median 2593; range 2127-3083 kcal/24 h, normometabolic at rest: median 2629; range 2032-3179 kcal/ 24 h). There was no difference in mean daily heart rate (HR) between the groups (hypermetabolic at rest: median 92 (range 82-98), normometabolic at rest: median 98 (range 75-116) beats/min) or in the variation in the heart rate during the day. By means of multiple regression analysis it was shown that REE did not correlate significantly with TDE when FEM was taken into account. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that there is no significant difference in free living TDE between clinically stable patients with COPD with a normal REE and those with an increased REE. The variation in TDE in patients with COPD appears to reflect differences in energy expenditure for activities, but not differences in REE.
Effectiveness of PhysioDirect telephone assessment and advice services for patients with musculoskeletal problems:
Authors: Chris Salisbury, Alan A Montgomery, Sandra Hollinghurst, Cherida Hopper, Annette Bishop, Angelo Franchini, Surinder Kaur, Joanna Coast, Jeanette Hall, Sean Grove, Nadine E Foster
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2014)

STUDY QUESTION Are PhysioDirect services, based on initial telephone assessment and advice from a physiotherapist, as effective as usual care involving patients waiting for a face-to-face appointment? SUMMARY ANSWER Patients allocated to PhysioDirect received treatment more quickly than those allocated to usual care, and had equivalent clinical outcomes.
The VE/VCO2 slope as a factor associated with the health status in patients with COPD
Authors: Miek Hornikx, Hans Vanremoortel, Heleen Demeyer, Kristien Debent, Erica Balligand, Laurence Vrancken, Marc Decramer, Rik Gosselink, Wim Janssens, Thierry Troosters
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Rationale  Submaximal exercise test outcomes are seldomly linked to health status in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Our aim was to explore whether a poor ventilatory efficiency is associated with symptoms, functionality and mental status in these patients.  Methods  86 patients with COPD (FEV 1 =70±22%) underwent an incremental exercise test to determine the VE/VCO 2  slope. To identify symptoms, activity limitation and emotional dysfunction, the Chronic COPD Questionnaire (CCQ) was used.  Results  Data on ventilatory efficiency and the subscore of each of the three domains of the CCQ are presented in Table 1.  The VE/VCO 2  slope is modestly related to functional status in COPD (R=0.30; p=0.005). (Figure 1)  Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed the VE/VCO 2  slope to be the only significant variable explaining the variance in CCQ_funct.  Conclusion  Ventilatory efficiency is modestly associated with functional status in patients with COPD. Interventions, impacting on the VE/VCO 2  slope may potentially enhance the functioning of the patient.
Post-remission treatment with allogeneic stem cell transplantation in patients aged 60 years and older with acute myeloid leukaemia: a time-dependent analysis
Authors: Jurjen Versluis, Carin L E Hazenberg, Jakob R Passweg, Wim L J van Putten, Johan Maertens, Bart J Biemond, Matthias Theobald, Carlos Graux, Jurgen Kuball, Harry C Schouten, Thomas Pabst, Bob Löwenberg, Gert Ossenkoppele, Edo Vellenga, Jan J Cornelissen
Journal: The Lancet Haematology (2015)
ABIN1 Dysfunction as a Genetic Basis for Lupus Nephritis
Authors: Dawn J. Caster, Erik A. Korte, Sambit K. Nanda, Kenneth R. McLeish, Rebecca K. Oliver, Rachel T. G'Sell, Ryan M. Sheehan, Darrell W. Freeman, Susan C. Coventry, Jennifer A. Kelly, Joel M. Guthridge, Judith A. James, Kathy L. Sivils, Marta E. Alarcon-Riquelme, R. Hal Scofield, Indra Adrianto, Patrick M. Gaffney, Anne M. Stevens, Barry I. Freedman, Carl D. Langefeld, Betty P. Tsao, Bernardo A. Pons-Estel, Chaim O. Jacob, Diane L. Kamen, Gary S. Gilkeson, Elizabeth E. Brown, Graciela S. Alarcon, Jeffrey C. Edberg, Robert P. Kimberly, Javier Martin, Joan T. Merrill, John B. Harley, Kenneth M. Kaufman, John D. Reveille, Juan-Manuel Anaya, Lindsey A. Criswell, Luis M. Vila, Michelle Petri, Rosalind Ramsey-Goldman, Sang-Cheol Bae, Susan A. Boackle, Timothy J. Vyse, Timothy B. Niewold, Philip Cohen, David W. Powell
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2013)

The genetic factors underlying the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis associated with systemic lupus erythematosus are largely unknown, although animal studies indicate that nuclear factor (NF)-κB is involved. We reported previously that a knockin mouse expressing an inactive form of ABIN1 (ABIN1[D485N]) develops lupus-like autoimmune disease and demonstrates enhanced activation of NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinases in immune cells after toll-like receptor stimulation. In the current study, we show that ABIN1[D485N] mice develop progressive GN similar to class III and IV lupus nephritis in humans. To investigate the clinical relevance of ABIN1 dysfunction, we genotyped five single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the gene encoding ABIN1, TNIP1, in samples from European-American, African American, Asian, Gullah, and Hispanic participants in the Large Lupus Association Study 2. Comparing cases of systemic lupus erythematosus with nephritis and cases of systemic lupus erythematosus without nephritis revealed strong associations with lupus nephritis at rs7708392 in European Americans and rs4958881 in African Americans. Comparing cases of systemic lupus erythematosus with nephritis and healthy controls revealed a stronger association at rs7708392 in European Americans but not at rs4958881 in African Americans. Our data suggest that variants in the TNIP1 gene are associated with the risk for lupus nephritis and could be mechanistically involved in disease development via aberrant regulation of NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase activity.
Recent developments in sex ratio studies
Authors: H.C.J. Godfray, J.H. Werren
Journal: Trends in Ecology & Evolution (1996)

The allocation of resources to male and female progeny is a major component of the reproductive strategies of all sexual plants and animals. Over the past 30 years there has been intensive theoretical and experimental investigation of how natural selection moulds the sex ratio. Here, we discuss recent exciting developments and new applications of sex allocation theory and highlight some unresolved issues.
Relationship of exhaled nitric oxide to clinical and inflammatory markers of persistent asthma in children
Authors: Robert C. Strunk, Stanley J. Szefler, Brenda R. Phillips, Robert S. Zeiger, Vernon M. Chinchilli, Gary Larsen, Kevin Hodgdon, Wayne Morgan, Christine A. Sorkness, Robert F. Lemanske
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2003)
E6 and E7 Oncoproteins Induce Distinct Patterns of Chromosomal Aneuploidy in Skin Tumors from Transgenic Mice
Authors: Anthony J. Schaeffer, Marie Nguyen, Amy Liem, Denis Lee, Cristina Montagna, Paul F. Lambert, Thomas Ried, Michael J. Difilippantonio
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract Inactivation of the tumor suppressor genes p53 and Rb are two of the most common genetic alterations in cancer cells. We use a mouse model to dissect the consequences of compromising the function of either of these genes on the maintenance of genomic stability. Thirteen cell lines established from skin tumors of mice expressing either the E6 or E7 oncoprotein of the human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 under control of the keratin 14 promoter were analyzed by comparative genomic hybridization, spectral karyotyping and fluorescence in situ hybridization, reverse transcription-PCR, and mutation analysis. Deducing from the wealth of molecular cytogenetic data available from human cancers, we hypothesized that the more benign tumors in mice expressing E7 would be distinct from the more aggressive lesions in E6 transgenic mice. Tumorigenesis in E6-expressing mice required specifically the selection and maintenance of cells with extra copies of chromosome 6. Aneuploidy of chromosome 6 was independent of activating mutations in H-ras on chromosome 7. Expression of either E6 or E7 resulted in centrosome aberrations, indicating that each viral oncoprotein interferes independently with the centrosome cycle. Although centrosome aberrations are consistent with development of aneuploidy, no direct correlation was evident between the degree of aneuploidy and the percentage of cells with aberrant centrosomes. Our results show that although aneuploidy and centrosome aberrations are present in tumor cells from mice expressing either E6 or E7, tumorigenesis via E6 requires copy number increases of mouse chromosome 6, which is partially orthologous to human chromosome 3q, a region gained in HPV-associated carcinomas.
Spouses Under Stress: Group Meetings with Spouses of Patients on Hemodialysis
Authors: PHILIP W. SHAMBAUGH, STANLEY S. KANTER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1969)

A psychiatrist met regularly for eight months with a small group of spouses of patients on hemodialysis, some of whom dialyzed their marital partners themselves. The group progressed from an initial state of panic and denial to one of more openness and interaction among members. The most striking accomplishment of the group was the spouses' progressively increasing sense of emotional separateness from their partners as they lessened their reliance on denial. At the same time, the role of the psychiatrist progressed from omnipotent leader to peer.
Resolved
Authors: T. Alp Ikizler
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2008)

Obesity is the epidemic of the 21st century. Despite the fact that obesity is known to have major health consequences in the general population, an increasing number of large-scale epidemiological studies indicate an inverse association between increasing body mass index and mortality in dialysis patients. Here it is argued pro and con that epidemiological data derived from the healthy general population may or may be not applicable to conditions such as end-stage renal disease.
Activation of HER Family Signaling as a Mechanism of Acquired Resistance to ALK Inhibitors in EML4-ALK–Positive Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Junko Tanizaki, Isamu Okamoto, Takafumi Okabe, Kazuko Sakai, Kaoru Tanaka, Hidetoshi Hayashi, Hiroyasu Kaneda, Ken Takezawa, Kiyoko Kuwata, Haruka Yamaguchi, Erina Hatashita, Kazuto Nishio, Kazuhiko Nakagawa
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2012)

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) such as crizotinib show marked efficacy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer positive for the echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 (EML4)-ALK fusion protein. However, acquired resistance to these agents has already been described in treated patients, and the mechanisms of such resistance remain largely unknown.We established lines of EML4-ALK-positive H3122 lung cancer cells that are resistant to the ALK inhibitor TAE684 (H3122/TR cells) and investigated their resistance mechanism with the use of immunoblot analysis, ELISA, reverse transcription and real-time PCR analysis, and an annexin V binding assay. We isolated EML4-ALK-positive lung cancer cells (K-3) from a patient who developed resistance to crizotinib and investigated their characteristics.The expression of EML4-ALK was reduced at the transcriptional level, whereas phosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), HER2, and HER3 was upregulated, in H3122/TR cells compared with those in H3122 cells. This activation of HER family proteins was accompanied by increased secretion of EGF. Treatment with an EGFR-TKI induced apoptosis in H3122/TR cells, but not in H3122 cells. The TAE684-induced inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and STAT3 phosphorylation observed in parental cells was prevented by exposure of these cells to exogenous EGF, resulting in a reduced sensitivity of cell growth to TAE684. K-3 cells also manifested HER family activation accompanied by increased EGF secretion.EGF-mediated activation of HER family signaling is associated with ALK-TKI resistance in lung cancer positive for EML4-ALK.
A phase II dose-ranging study of palonosetron in Japanese patients receiving moderately emetogenic chemotherapy, including anthracycline and cyclophosphamide-based chemotherapy
Authors: Y. Segawa, K. Aogi, K. Inoue, M. Sano, I. Sekine, Y. Tokuda, H. Isobe, T. Ogura, M. Tsuboi, S. Atagi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2009)
Effect of Ethanol Ingestion on the Myocardial Capillaries of Mice
Authors: R. S. Sohal, G. E. Burch
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1969)

Journal Article Effect of Ethanol Ingestion on the Myocardial Capillaries of Mice Get access R. S. Sohal, R. S. Sohal From the Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, and Charity Hospital of Louisiana, New Orleans, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar G. E. Burch G. E. Burch From the Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, and Charity Hospital of Louisiana, New Orleans, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 3, Issue 3, July 1969, Pages 369–372, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/3.3.369 Published: 01 July 1969 Article history Received: 06 November 1968 Published: 01 July 1969
The Sweet Pee Model for Sglt2 Mutation
Authors: Joseph P. Ly, Tuncer Onay, Karen Sison, Gavasker Sivaskandarajah, Venkata Sabbisetti, Lingli Li, Joseph V. Bonventre, Ann Flenniken, Neal Paragas, Jon M. Barasch, S. Lee Adamson, Lucy Osborne, Janet Rossant, Jurgen Schnermann, Susan E. Quaggin
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2011)

Inhibiting renal glucose transport is a potential pharmacologic approach to treat diabetes. The renal tubular sodium-glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) reabsorbs approximately 90% of the filtered glucose load. An animal model with sglt2 dysfunction could provide information regarding the potential long-term safety and efficacy of SGLT2 inhibitors, which are currently under clinical investigation. Here, we describe Sweet Pee, a mouse model that carries a nonsense mutation in the Slc5a2 gene, which results in the loss of sglt2 protein function. The phenotype of Sweet Pee mutants was remarkably similar to patients with mutations in the Scl5a2 gene. The Sweet Pee mutants had improved glucose tolerance, higher urinary excretion of calcium and magnesium, and growth retardation. Renal physiologic studies demonstrated a prominent distal osmotic diuresis without enhanced natriuresis. Sweet Pee mutants did not exhibit increased KIM-1 or NGAL, markers of acute tubular injury. After induction of diabetes, Sweet Pee mice had better overall glycemic control than wild-type control mice, but had a higher risk for infection and an increased mortality rate (70% in homozygous mutants versus 10% in controls at 20 weeks). In summary, the Sweet Pee model allows study of the long-term benefits and risks associated with inhibition of SGLT2 for the management of diabetes. Our model suggests that inhibiting SGLT2 may improve glucose control but may confer increased risks for infection, malnutrition, volume contraction, and mortality.
Haptoglobin Genotype Determines Myocardial Infarct Size in Diabetic Mice
Authors: Shany Blum, Roy Asaf, Julia Guetta, Rachel Miller-Lotan, Rabea Asleh, Ran Kremer, Nina S. Levy, Franklin G. Berger, Doron Aronson, Xiaoming Fu, Renliang Zhang, Stanley L. Hazen, Andrew P. Levy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)
Protection against antigenically variable Borrelia burgdorferi conferred by recombinant vaccines.
Authors: S R Telford, E Fikrig, S W Barthold, L R Brunet, A Spielman, R A Flavell
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1993)

Due to local variation in the antigenicity of the agent of Lyme disease (Borrelia burgdorferi), a vaccine derived from any one isolate of this spirochete may fail to protect against the heterogeneous population of organisms that may be present in an enzootic focus. Accordingly, we determined whether antigenically variable spirochetes delivered by naturally infected ticks, collected from a site where transmission is intense, may fail to infect mice actively immunized with recombinant glutathione transferase outer surface fusion proteins A or B (OspA and OspB). Virtually all mice vaccinated by either immunogen appeared not to become infected, as determined by culture or histopathology of their tissues. We conclude that Osp vaccination of mice effectively prevents infection by the agent of Lyme disease in a simulated natural cycle of transmission.
Comparative efficacy and acceptability of 12 new-generation antidepressants: a multiple-treatments meta-analysis
Authors: Andrea Cipriani, Toshiaki A Furukawa, Georgia Salanti, John R Geddes, Julian PT Higgins, Rachel Churchill, Norio Watanabe, Atsuo Nakagawa, Ichiro M Omori, Hugh McGuire, Michele Tansella, Corrado Barbui
Journal: The Lancet (2009)