tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Multiple Imprinted and Stemness Genes Provide a Link between Normal and Tumor Progenitor Cells of the Developing Human Kidney
Authors: Benjamin Dekel, Sally Metsuyanim, Kai M. Schmidt-Ott, Edi Fridman, Jasmin Jacob-Hirsch, Amos Simon, Jehonathan Pinthus, Yoram Mor, Jonathan Barasch, Ninette Amariglio, Yair Reisner, Naftali Kaminski, Gideon Rechavi
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Wilms' tumor (WT), the embryonic kidney malignancy, is suggested to evolve from a progenitor cell population of uninduced metanephric blastema, which typically gives rise to nephrons. However, apart from blastema, WT specimens frequently contain cells that have differentiated into renal tubular or stromal phenotypes, complicating their analysis. We aimed to define tumor-progenitor genes that function in normal kidney development using WT xenografts (WISH-WT), in which the blastema accumulates with serial passages at the expense of differentiated cells. Herein, we did transcriptional profiling using oligonucleotide microarrays of WISH-WT, WT source, human fetal and adult kidneys, and primary and metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Among the most significantly up-regulated genes in WISH-WT, we identified a surprising number of paternally expressed genes (PEG1/MEST, PEG3, PEG5/NNAT, PEG10, IGF2, and DLK1), as well as Meis homeobox genes [myeloid ecotropic viral integration site 1 homologue 1 (MEIS1) and MEIS2], which suppress cell differentiation and maintain self-renewal. A comparison between independent WISH-WT and WT samples by real-time PCR showed most of these genes to be highly overexpressed in the xenografts. Concomitantly, they were significantly induced in human fetal kidneys, strictly developmentally regulated throughout mouse nephrogenesis and overexpressed in the normal rat metanephric blastema. Furthermore, in vitro differentiation of the uninduced blastema leads to rapid down-regulation of PEG3, DLK1, and MEIS1. Interestingly, ischemic/reperfusion injury to adult mouse kidneys reinduced the expression of PEG3, PEG10, DLK1, and MEIS1, hence simulating embryogenesis. Thus, multiple imprinted and stemness genes that function to expand the renal progenitor cell population may lead to evolution and maintenance of WT. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(12): 6040-9)
Effects of Regression of Atherosclerotic Lesions on the Content and Esterification of Cholesterol by Cell-Free Preparations of Pigeon Aorta
Authors: RICHARD W. ST. CLAIR, THOMAS B. CLARKSON, HUGH B. LOFLAND
Journal: Circulation Research (1972)

This study was designed to determine the effect of regression of atherosclerotic lesions on the incorporation of 1- 14 C-oleic acid into phospholipids, triglycerides, and cholesteryl esters and to compare these metabolic alterations with changes in the extent of atherosclerosis and the content of cholesterol and cholesteryl esters in the lesions. Aortic atherosclerosis was produced in White Carneau pigeons by feeding them an atherogenic diet for 1-8 months. The birds were then switched to a cholesterol-free diet for 6 months for the regression phase of the experiment. Following the regression phase, no changes were noted in the atherosclerotic index or the free-cholesterol content of aortas from pigeons that had received the atherogenic diet for 1-5 months; however, a reduction in both of these parameters was seen in aortas from pigeons fed the atherogenic diet for 8 months. There was a marked reduction in the content of cholesteryl esters in the aortas following the regression phase paralleled by a decrease in the rate of cholesterol esterification. No change was seen in the rate of incorporation of fatty acid into phospholipids or triglycerides. These studies suggest that local cholesterol esterification might be of considerable importance in maintaining the large amount of cholesteryl esters found in the atherosclerotic lesion and that changes in the rate of cholesterol esterification are associated with the early events in both progression and regression of atherosclerosis.
Blocking Chemokine Receptors
Authors: Marco Baggiolini, Bernhard Moser
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1997)

In our first review on chemokines (([1][1])), we suggested that blockade of the IL-8 receptor or inhibition of IL-8 gene expression could be a new principle for designing antiinflammatory agents. The unexpected growth of the chemokine family and consequent redundancy of the system eventually made it
Expression of major histocompatibility complex class II antigens on bile duct epithelium in patients with hepatic graft-versus-host disease after bone marrow transplantation
Authors: F. Miglio, M. Pignatelli, V. Mazzeo, M. Baraldini, G.F. Stefanini, G. Guardigli, G. Bandini, P. Ricci, S. Tura, G. Gasbarrini
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1987)
Safety and Efficacy of Implementing a Multidisciplinary Heart Team Approach for Revascularization in Patients With Complex Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Danny Chu, Melissa M. Anastacio, Suresh R. Mulukutla, Joon S. Lee, A. J. Conrad Smith, Oscar C. Marroquin, Carlos E. Sanchez, Victor O. Morell, Chris C. Cook, Serrie C. Lico, Lawrence M. Wei, Vinay Badhwar
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2014)

Since the advent of transcatheter aortic valve replacement, the multidisciplinary heart team (MHT) approach has rapidly become the standard of care for patients undergoing the procedure. However, little is known about the potential effect of MHT on patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).To determine the safety and efficacy of implementing the MHT approach for patients with complex CAD.Observational cohort pilot study of 180 patients with CAD involving more than 1 vessel in a single major academic tertiary/quaternary medical center. From May 1, 2012, through May 31, 2013, MHT meetings were convened to discuss evidence-based management of CAD. All cases were reviewed by a team of interventional cardiologists and cardiac surgeons within 72 hours of angiography. All clinical data were reviewed by the team to adjudicate optimal treatment strategies. Final recommendations were based on a consensus decision. Outcome measures were tracked for all patients to determine the safety and efficacy profile of this pilot program.Multidisciplinary heart team meeting.Thirty-day periprocedural mortality and rate of major adverse cardiac events.Most of the patients underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG); a small percentage of patients underwent a hybrid procedure or medical management. Incidence of 30-day periprocedural mortality was low across all groups of patients (PCI group, 5 of 64 [8%]; CABG group, 1 of 87 [1%]). The rate of major adverse cardiac events during a median follow-up of 12.1 months ranged from 12 of 87 patients (14%) in the CABG group to 15 of 64 (23%) in the PCI group.Outcomes of patients with complex CAD undergoing the optimal treatment strategy recommended by the MHT were similar to those of published national standards. Implementation of the MHT approach for patients with complex CAD is safe and efficacious.
Thrombolysis with alteplase 3–4·5 h after acute ischaemic stroke (SITS-ISTR): an observational study
Authors: Nils Wahlgren, Niaz Ahmed, Antoni Dávalos, Werner Hacke, Mónica Millán, Keith Muir, Risto O Roine, Danilo Toni, Kennedy R Lees
Journal: The Lancet (2008)
A good innings!
Authors: E Brown
Journal: BMJ (1983)

When it was announced at the annual representative meeting in Dundee in June that I would be retiring from Family Doctor on health grounds in September, the editor of the BMJ asked me if I would like to write something of my experiences, first as assistant editor and later as executive editor of the BMA's health education unit. In the event, I almost didn't get the job. My interview with Dr Harvey Flack, founder editor of Family Doctor magazine, was for 4 pm on Wednesday 3 October 1956. This is not  date that will have any significance for most people but, as it happened, it was the opening night of the Bolshoi Ballet's first visit to Covent Garden, and I had tickets for Romeo and Juliet starring the great Ulanova. Those who remember Harvey do so with much affection, but they will also recall what  great talker he was?naturally, as he was half southern and half Ulster Irish. So the interview pro? ceeded and he and I talked about Family Doctor, the BMA, and everything under the sun. It was fairly obvious to me that he was going to offer me the job but at 7 pm (the ballet started at 7 30) I was forced to ask if he would mind very much if I could now be excused. Later, when we got to know each other  lot better he admitted that he'd almost changed his mind about me at that point in case I was a clock watcher. I soon realised his anxiety on that point. Being assista^* ^itor to Harvey meant working most evenings until 7 30  d ev :ry Wednesday, when we had our weekly session with our fr^^nce art editor, Alan Morgan, until 9 or even 10 pm if there were special problems ahead of press day. It was very hard work, but also enormous fun. I insisted that Friday evenings were to be my own (spent usu? ally at Covent Garden or the theatre) but even then there was always  briefcase full of work to be done at home over the weekend.
Procainamide‐associated pancytopenia
Authors: Anthony F. Shields, Jeffrey A. Berenson
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1988)

Abstract A 42‐year‐old male developed thrombocytopenia and anemia along with agranulocytosis during treatment with procainamide. Bone marrow hypoplasia was evident on biopsy, and the patient was without evidence of systemic lupus erythematosis. He had prompt marrow recovery on drug withdrawal. While procainamide‐induced agranulocytosis has been reported on a number of occasions, this is only the second case of pancytopenia.
Quantitative ultrasonographic studies of lower extremity flow velocities in health and disease.
Authors: A Fronek, M Coel, E F Berstein
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Quantitative Doppler ultrasonographic flow velocity determinations are reported from 39 normal control subjects and 80 patients with angiographically documented peripheral arterial disease, in whom femoral, posterior tibial and dorsalis pedis arteries were studied. The mean control values of the most useful parameters were: femoral artery: peak forward velocity (PFV) cm/sec: 40.7 +/- 10.9, deceleration (Dec.) cm/sec2:250.9 +/- 60.0, peak/mean velocity (P/MV): 4.8 +/- 1.6; posterior tibial artery: PFV: 16.0 +/- 10.0, Dec.: 129.8 +/- 75.7, P/MV: 4.8 +/- 2.5; dorsalis pedis artery: PFV: 168 +/- 5.7, Dec.: 137.9 +/- 54.5, P/MV: 6.0 +/- 4.1. The values of these measurements in the patients with arterial occlusive disease were all significantly lower, and also permitted distinguishing those with multilevel disease from those with a single site of occlusion. Quantitative evaluation of the Doppler ultrasonogram permits obtaining detailed functional information on the degree of arterial flow impairment in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease.
Pseudo‐Gaucher cells in sickle cell anemia
Authors: Barbara J. Bain, Lydia Lee
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2010)

A bone marrow aspirate and trephine biopsy were performed on a 13-year-old boy with sickle cell anemia being investigated for persistent eosinophilia.No cause for the eosinophilia was detected but both aspirate films and trephine biopsy sections showed pseudo-Gaucher cells (Image).Occasionally these cells contained sickled erythrocytes (top left Image).In the trephine biopsy section they appeared in sheets (bottom Image).Pseudo-Gaucher cells have previously been described in other red cell disorders, specifically congenital dyserythropoietic anemia and b thalassemia intermedia and major.They result from overload of macrophages so that cerebrosides are produced in excess of the metabolic capacity of the phagocytes.They can also occur in sickle cell anemia.
Use of household cleaning products, exhaled nitric oxide and lung function in children: Table 1–
Authors: Lidia Casas, Jan-Paul Zock, Maties Torrent, Raquel García-Esteban, Esther Gracia-Lavedan, Anne Hyvärinen, Jordi Sunyer
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

To the Editor :

The application of domestic cleaning agents increases the risk of asthma and respiratory symptoms in adults [1], in particular when products are applied in spray form [2]. Despite the associations observed in adults, the potential effects of passive exposure on children’s respiratory health have not been extensively explored. Analyses of data from birth cohorts have suggested that frequent use of cleaning agents and their use in spray form increased the risk of wheezing and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) during the first year of life [3, 4] and the risk of persistent wheezing at school age [5, 6]. By contrast, a cross-sectional study reported protective effects of using bleach at home on the prevalence of asthma and allergic sensitisation at school age [7]. Our study investigates the effects of the use of 10 common cleaning products on exhaled nitric oxide fraction ( F eNO) and on lung function (forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)) during childhood in a population-based birth cohort in Menorca, Spain [8].

Recruitment was performed during pregnancy and 482 children were enrolled at birth. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants and the study was approved by a committee on ethical practice. Questionnaires on wheezing, asthma, treatment and allergies (rhinitis, eczema or hay fever) were administered by the mother repeatedly from birth until the age of 10 years. At the age of 10–13 years, F eNO (NIOX MINO; Aerocrine AB, Solna, Sweden) and forced spirometry (EasyOne; ndd Medical Technologies, Inc., Andover, MA, USA) testing was carried out. In addition, an interviewer-led questionnaire on the frequency of use of 10 different cleaning products (bleach, …
PREVENTION OF RECURRENT ATRIAL FIBRILLATION WITH ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS OR ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR BLOCKERS: A META-ANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED TRIALS
Authors: Rohit Bhuriya, Updesh Bedi, Amol Bahekar, Janos Molnar, Mukesh Singh, Pawan Patel, Param Puneet Singh, Sandeep Khosla, Rohit Arora
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Long QT genotype can be identified by ECG phenotype
Authors: L.C. Giuli, L. Zhang, K.W. Timothy, J. Fox, D. Handrahan, A.J. Moss, W. Zareba, P.J. Schwartz, M.H. Lehmann, M.T. Keating, J.A. Towbin, G.M. Vincent
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Prognosis of women with stage IV breast cancer depends on detection of circulating tumor cells rather than disseminated tumor cells
Authors: F.-C. Bidard, A. Vincent-Salomon, B. Sigal-Zafrani, V. Diéras, C. Mathiot, L. Mignot, J.-P. Thiery, X. Sastre-Garau, J.-Y. Pierga
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2008)
Increased exhaled nitric oxide levels predict uncontrolled asthma in children - Results from the MIDAS-study
Authors: Andrei Malinovschi, Christer Janson, Lennart Nordvall, Kjell Alving
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

The fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a marker of steroid-sensitive airways inflammation and is used in asthma management. The Asthma Control Test (ACT) is one of the most used instruments to assess control in asthmatic subjects. The evidence for a relation between airways inflammation and asthma control is inconclusive so far. The aim of the present study was to assess the relation between FeNO and ACT score in treated, stable asthma children.

Within the frame of an industry-academy collaboration on minimally-invasive diagnostics (MIDAS), measurements of FeNO and specific IgE against aeroallergen or food allergen mix were done in 165 asthmatic children (101 boys) aged 10-18 years. Among the children, 129 (79%) were positive against aeroallergens and 61 (40%) tested positive against food allergens. Uncontrolled asthma (ACT score <20) was confirmed in 53 children.

FeNO levels in subjects with uncontrolled asthma (n=53) were approximately 30% higher than in subjects with controlled asthma (n=112): 19.8 ppb (15.5, 25.3) vs 15.1 ppb (13.1, 17.4), p=0.04. FeNO was a determinant of asthma control in logistic regression models both before (p=0.01) and after adjustments for gender, age, BMI, FEV1, IgE sensitisation to aero- or food allergens (p=0.04). Furthermore, a significant relation between asthma control and FeNO could be found when using absolute values of the ACT score (r=-0.16, p=0.04).

In conclusion, increased FeNO in treated, stable asthmatic children relate to uncontrolled asthma. It has to be further studied if intensified anti-inflammatory therapy in these subjects would lead to improved asthma control.
Small Size at Birth and Greater Postnatal Weight Gain
Authors: Jane S. Lucas, Hazel M. Inskip, Keith M. Godfrey, Claire T. Foreman, John O. Warner, Rachael K. Gregson, Joanne B. Clough
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2004)

Recent evidence suggests that impaired lung development is linked with diminished lung function and an increased risk of chronic obstructive airway disease in adulthood. To examine environmental influences on early lung development, we measured lung function in 131 normal-term infants aged 5-14 weeks. Adjusting for age at measurement, FEV at 0.4 seconds fell by 4.4% for each standard deviation decrease in birth weight (p = 0.047); when adjusted for FVC, FEV at 0.4 seconds was not related to birth weight but fell by 3.2% per standard deviation increase in infant weight gain (p = 0.001). Age- and sex-adjusted total respiratory system compliance fell by 7.0% per standard deviation decrease in birth weight (p < 0.001) but was not related to infant weight gain. In univariate analyses, age-adjusted forced expiratory flow at functional residual capacity was not related to birth weight, but decreased by 11.0% per standard deviation increase in infant weight gain (p = 0.007). The respiratory rate rose by 5.1% per standard deviation increase in infant weight gain (p = 0.001). Lung function measurements were not related to infant feeding. The observations suggest that lower rates of fetal growth and higher rates of early infancy weight gain are associated with impaired lung development.
Structural and biological features of the TNF receptor and TNF ligand superfamilies: Interactive signals in the pathobiology of Hodgkin's disease
Authors: H.-J. Gruss, J. Duyster, F. Herrmann
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1996)

Members of the TNF receptor superfamily are type I membrane glycoproteins with limited homology (overall homologies: 25%-30%) in the extracellular domain containing variable numbers of cysteine-rich repeats.In contrast, the TNF ligand superfamily members (with the exception of LTct) are type II membrane glycoproteins with limited homology to TNF (overall homologies: 20%) in the extracellular region.TNF and LT-a are trimeric proteins and are composed of p-strands forming a p-jellyroll.the homology of the (3-strand regions for the TNF ligand superfamily members suggests a similar trimeric or multimeric complex formation for the other members.A genetic linkage, as evidence for evolutionary relatedness, is also found by chromosomal cluster for CD30, CD120b, 4-1BB and OX40 to Ip36; CD27, CD120a and TNFR-RP to 12pl3; TNF, LT-a and LT-p" to 6p21; CD27L and 4-1BBL to 19pl3; CD95L and OX40L to Iq25.TNF, LT-a and LT-0 and their receptors (CD120a, CD 120b, TNFR-RP) interact in a complex fashion.Other family members, however, show a one ligand/one receptor binding principle.Signals can also be transduced through at least some of the ligands.TNF superfamily ligands are involved in induction of cytokine secretion, upregulation of adhesion molecules, activation antigens and costimulatory proteins, all known to amplify stimulatory and regulatory signals that occur during immune responses.On the other hand, differences in the distribution, kinetics of induction and requirements for induction support the view of a defined role for each of the ligands for T-cell-mediated immune activities.The shedding of members of the TNF receptor superfamily
Advances in the Medical Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Rafael Simó, Cristina Hernández
Journal: Diabetes Care (2009)

Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) remains the leading cause of blindness among working-age individuals in developed countries (1). Diabetic macular edema (DME), another important event that occurs in diabetic retinopathy, is more frequent in type 2 than type 1 diabetes (2). Whereas PDR is the most common sight-threatening lesion in type 1 diabetes, DME is the primary cause of poor visual acuity in type 2 diabetes. Because of the high prevalence of type 2 diabetes, DME is the main cause of visual impairment for diabetic patients (2). In addition, DME is almost invariably present when PDR is detected in type 2 diabetes (3). Neovascularization caused by severe hypoxia is the hallmark of PDR, whereas vascular leakage caused by the breakdown of the blood retinal barrier (BRB) is the main event involved in the pathogenesis of DME (4,5).

Although tight control of both blood glucose levels and hypertension is essential to prevent or arrest progression of the disease, the recommended goals are difficult to achieve in many patients and, consequently, diabetic retinopathy develops during the evolution of the disease. When PDR or clinically significant DME do appear, argon-laser photocoagulation is currently indicated, which the efficacy of has been widely demonstrated (6). However, the optimal period for laser treatment has frequently passed; moreover, it is not uniformly successful in halting visual decline. In addition, argon-laser photocoagulation is associated with moderate visual loss, some diminished visual field, reduced color vision, and reduced contrast sensitivity. The presence of these symptoms led to the prevailing thinking that laser treatment prevents vision loss but rarely results in visual improvement.

Intravitreal corticosteroids have been successfully used in the eyes of patients with persistent DME and loss of vision following the failure of conventional treatment (i.e., focal laser treatment and attention to systemic risk factors). However, …
Pseudomonas eradication in cystic fibrosis: who will join the ELITE?
Authors: A. R Smyth
Journal: Thorax (2010)

Arguably, the most significant event in the life of a person with cystic fibrosis (CF) is the acquisition of chronic pulmonary infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It heralds, in many cases, more hospitalisations,1 a more rapid decline in pulmonary function and a shorter life expectancy.2 P aeruginosa has the ability to form biofilms which are composed of non-motile organisms embedded in an exopolysaccharide matrix and which confer resistance to antibiotics.3 In individuals with CF, biofilms have been observed in lungs examined at autopsy and explanted lungs from transplant recipients.4 The extraordinary persistence of infection with P aeruginosa in the CF lung is thought to derive from biofilm formation. The mucoid phenotype of P aeruginosa is a marker of biofilm formation,4 and this phenotype is in turn associated with a worse prognosis compared with non-mucoid organisms.5 However, in the initial stages of infection when the organism is mainly in planktonic form, there is an opportunity to eradicate the infection before it becomes persistent.

The first randomised controlled trial of an eradication regimen for early P aeruginosa infection was reported by Valerius and Koch in 1991.6 This evaluated a 3-week regimen of nebulised colistin and oral ciprofloxacin …