tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Dynamic load at baseline can predict radiographic disease progression in medial compartment knee osteoarthritis
Authors: T Miyazaki
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2002)

To test the hypothesis that dynamic load at baseline can predict radiographic disease progression in patients with medial compartment knee osteoarthritis (OA).During 1991-93 baseline data were collected by assessment of pain, radiography, and gait analysis in 106 patients referred to hospital with medial compartment knee OA. At the six year follow up, 74 patients were again examined to assess radiographic changes. Radiographic disease progression was defined as more than one grade narrowing of minimum joint space of the medial compartment.In the 32 patients showing disease progression, pain was more severe and adduction moment was higher at baseline than in those without disease progression (n=42). Joint space narrowing of the medial compartment during the six year period correlated significantly with the adduction moment at entry. Adduction moment correlated significantly with mechanical axis (varus alignment) and negatively with joint space width and pain score. Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of progression of knee OA increased 6.46 times with a 1% increase in adduction moment.The results suggest that the baseline adduction moment of the knee, which reflects the dynamic load on the medial compartment, can predict radiographic OA progression at the six year follow up in patients with medial compartment knee OA.
Experimental validation of 5 in-silico predicted glioma biomarkers
Authors: Rheal A. Towner, Randy L. Jensen, Brian Vaillant, Howard Colman, Debra Saunders, Cory B. Giles, Jonathan D. Wren
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2013)

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a high-grade glioma with poor prognosis. Identification of new biomarkers specific to GBM could help in disease diagnosis. We have developed and validated a bioinformatics method to predict proteins likely to be suitable as glioma biomarkers via a global microarray meta-analysis to identify uncharacterized genes consistently coexpressed with known glioma-associated genes. A novel bioinformatics method was implemented called global microarray meta-analysis, using ∼16 000 microarray experiments to identify uncharacterized genes consistently coexpressed with known glioma-associated genes. These novel biomarkers were validated as proteins highly expressed in human gliomas varying in tumor grades using immunohistochemistry. Glioma gene databases were used to assess delineation of expression of these markers in varying glioma grades and subtypes of GBM. We have identified 5 potential biomarkers—spondin1, Plexin-B2, SLIT3, fibulin-1, and LINGO1—that were validated as proteins highly expressed on the surface of human gliomas using immunohistochemistry. Expression of spondin1, Plexin-B2, and SLIT3 was significantly higher (P < .01) in high-grade gliomas than in low-grade gliomas. These biomarkers were significant discriminators in grade IV gliomas compared with either grade III or II tumors and also distinguished between GBM subclasses. This study strongly suggests that this type of bioinformatics approach has high translational potential to rapidly discern which poorly characterized proteins may be of clinical relevance.
The Transcription Factor Snail Induces Tumor Cell Invasion through Modulation of the Epithelial Cell Differentiation Program
Authors: Bram De Craene, Barbara Gilbert, Christophe Stove, Erik Bruyneel, Frans van Roy, Geert Berx
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Abberant activation of the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cancer cells is a late event in tumor progression. A key inducer of this transition is the transcription factor Snail, which represses E-cadherin. We report that conditional expression of the human transcriptional repressor Snail in colorectal cancer cells induces an epithelial dedifferentiation program that coincides with a drastic change in cell morphology. Snail target genes control the establishment of several junctional complexes, intermediate filament networks, and the actin cytoskeleton. Modulation of the expression of these genes is associated with loss of cell aggregation and induction of invasion. Chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments showed that repression of selected target genes is associated with increased binding of Snail to their promoters, which contain consensus Snail-binding sites. Thus, Snail constitutes a master switch that directly represses the epithelial phenotype, resulting in malignant carcinoma cells.
Clinically Relevant Changes in Family History of Cancer Over Time
Authors: Argyrios Ziogas, Nora K. Horick, Anita Y. Kinney, Jan T. Lowery, Susan M. Domchek, Claudine Isaacs, Constance A. Griffin, Patricia G. Moorman, Karen L. Edwards, Deirdre A. Hill, Jonathan S. Berg, Gail E. Tomlinson, Hoda Anton-Culver, Louise C. Strong, Carol H. Kasten, Dianne M. Finkelstein, Sharon E. Plon
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Knowledge of family cancer history is important for assessing cancer risk and guiding screening recommendations.To quantify how often throughout adulthood clinically significant changes occur in cancer family history that would result in recommendations for earlier or intense screening.Descriptive study examining baseline and follow-up family history data from participants in the Cancer Genetics Network (CGN), a US national population-based cancer registry, between 1999 and 2009.Adults with a personal history, family history, or both of cancer enrolled in the CGN through population-based cancer registries. Retrospective colorectal, breast, and prostate cancer screening-specific analyses included 9861, 2547, and 1817 participants, respectively; prospective analyses included 1533, 617, and 163 participants, respectively. Median follow-up was 8 years (range, 0-11 years). Screening-specific analyses excluded participants with the cancer of interest.Percentage of individuals with clinically significant family histories and rate of change over 2 periods: (1) retrospectively, from birth until CGN enrollment and (2) prospectively, from enrollment to last follow-up.Retrospective analysis revealed that the percentages of participants who met criteria for high-risk screening based on family history at ages 30 and 50 years, respectively, were as follows: for colorectal cancer, 2.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.8%-2.4%) and 7.1% (95% CI, 6.5%-7.6%); for breast cancer, 7.2% (95% CI, 6.1%-8.4%) and 11.4% (95% CI, 10.0%-12.8%); and for prostate cancer, 0.9% (95% CI, 0.5%-1.4%) and 2.0% (95% CI, 1.4%-2.7%). In prospective analysis, the numbers of participants who newly met criteria for high-risk screening based on family history per 100 persons followed up for 20 years were 2 (95% CI, 0-7) for colorectal cancer, 6 (95% CI, 2-13) for breast cancer, and 8 (95% CI, 3-16) for prostate cancer. The rate of change in cancer family history was similar for colorectal and breast cancer between the 2 analyses.Clinically relevant family history of colorectal, breast, and prostate cancer that would result in recommendations for earlier or intense cancer screening increases between ages 30 and 50 years, although the absolute rate is low for prostate cancer.
Pathological Ventricular Remodeling
Authors: Min Xie, Jana S. Burchfield, Joseph A. Hill
Journal: Circulation (2013)

C urrent therapies targeting pathological ventricular remodeling 1,2 manifest significant effectiveness in reducing morbidity and mortality in patients with systolic heart failure (HF). 3However, in many instances, disease progression continues unabated.Whereas novel disease targets are continually being discovered, most innovative therapies do not demonstrate consistent efficacy in patients; indeed, many prove to be ineffective, even deleterious, before reaching phase III clinical trials.Here, we review therapeutic strategies targeting cellular pathways governing left ventricular remodeling in the 2 major types of HF, HF with reduced systolic function (HFrEF) and HF with preserved systolic function (HFpEF).In an accompanying article, we highlight recent advances in our understanding of mechanisms underlying pathological ventricular remodeling. 4dvances in this field are conditioned by the highly heterogeneous nature of HF.Notably, within the 2 broad categories of HFrEF and HFpEF, a wide variety of disease types dictate pathogenesis. 5In other words, HF, a syndrome defined on clinical terms, derives from numerous different diseases such as myocardial infarction, hypertension, cytokine or neuroendocrine dyscrasias, genetic disorders, and more. 5It seems likely that the therapies that have emerged with efficacy are those targeting features that are shared among these disorders.As a corollary, it is conceivable that some of the therapies that have failed in clinical trials target relevant elements of pathogenesis that are not common to all.As personalized medicine emerges in the discipline of HF, we envision therapies tailored to the specifics of molecular and cellular pathogenesis.
Role of Wnt canonical pathway in hematological malignancies
Authors: Xueling GE, Xin Wang
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2010)

Wnt canonical signaling pathway plays a diverse role in embryonic development and maintenance of organs and tissues in adults. It has been observed that Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of many carcinomas. Moreover, Wnt/β-catenin pathway has been revealed to be associated with angiogenesis. Wnt canonical pathway signaling has great potential as a therapeutic target. It has been disclosed that some hematological malignancies, such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia, mantle cell lymphoma, may occur partly due to the constitutive activation of Wnt canonical signaling pathway. This review will summarize the latest development in Wnt canonical signaling pathway and its roles in tumorigenesis and angiogenesis.
Teaching Communication Skills to Medical Oncology Fellows
Authors: Anthony L. Back, Robert M. Arnold, James A. Tulsky, Walter F. Baile, Kelly A. Fryer-Edwards
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Article Tools ART OF ONCOLOGY Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2003.09.073 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 12805343 Teaching Communication Skills to Medical Oncology Fellows Anthony L. BackxAnthony L. BackSearch for articles by this author , Robert M. ArnoldxRobert M. ArnoldSearch for articles by this author , James A. TulskyxJames A. TulskySearch for articles by this author , Walter F. BailexWalter F. BaileSearch for articles by this author , Kelly A. Fryer-EdwardsxKelly A. Fryer-EdwardsSearch for articles by this author Show More From the Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System; Department of Medicine and Department of Medical History and Ethics, University of Washington; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; Section of Medical Ethics and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA; Program on the Medical Encounter and Palliative Care, Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Department of Medicine and Institute on Care at the End of Life, Duke University, Durham, NC; Section of Psychiatry and Department of Neuro-Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2003.09.073 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2003 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Adverse outcomes of Chinese medicines used for threatened miscarriage: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: L. Li, L. X. Dou, J. P. Neilson, P. C. Leung, C. C. Wang
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2012)

Threatened miscarriage is very common in early pregnancy. Chinese medicines have been widely used to prevent spontaneous pregnancy loss. However, the safety of Chinese medicines is still unknown. A systematic review was performed to identify and describe adverse events of Chinese medicines used for threatened miscarriage. Clinical studies of Chinese medicines for threatened miscarriage were selected. Primary outcomes were occurrence of adverse effects or toxicity of Chinese medicines. Secondary outcomes were failure of treatment and adverse pregnancy and perinatal outcomes. Thirty-two relevant articles included 9 randomized controlled trials, 1 quasi-randomized controlled trial and 2 controlled trials comparing Chinese medicines alone or combined medicines with pharmaceuticals and 20 case series with no controls. Sample sizes of each study were generally small. There was variation in Chinese medicine formulation, dosage and duration of treatment. In the pooled randomized controlled trials, dry mouth, constipation and insomnia (2–10%) and intervention failure (3.1–22.3%), diabetic complications (3%), preterm delivery (5%) and neurodevelopmental morbidity (1.8%) were recorded. Meta-analysis demonstrated that intervention failure was significantly lower in the combined Chinese medicines groups than in the Western medicines controls (relative risk = 0.46; 95% confidence interval: 0.30–0.70, I2= 0%). No significant differences were found between these groups for adverse effects and toxicity or for adverse pregnancy and perinatal outcomes. Studies varied considerably in design, interventions and outcome measures, therefore conclusive results remain elusive. In the absence of placebo-controlled trials, the safety of Chinese medicines for the treatment of threatened miscarriage is unknown. Rigorous scientific and clinical studies to assess the possible risks of Chinese medicines are needed.
The effectiveness of a preconditioning programme on preventing running-related injuries in novice runners: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Steef W Bredeweg, Sjouke Zijlstra, Bram Bessem, Ida Buist
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2012)

There is no consensus on the aetiology and prevention of running-related injuries in runners. Preconditioning studies among different athlete populations show positive effects on the incidence of sports injuries.A 4-week preconditioning programme in novice runners will reduce the incidence of running-related injuries.Randomised controlled clinical trial; level of evidence, 1.Novice runners (N=432) prepared for a four-mile recreational running event. Participants were allocated to the 4-week preconditioning (PRECON) group (N=211) or the control group (N=221). The PRECON group started a 4-week training programme, prior to the running programme, with walking and hopping exercises. After the 4-week period both groups started a 9-week running programme. In both groups information was registered on running exposure and running-related injuries (RRIs) using an internet-based running log. Primary outcome measure was RRIs per 100 runners. An RRI was defined as any musculoskeletal complaint of the lower extremity or lower back causing restriction of running for at least a week.The incidence of RRIs was 15.2% in the PRECON group and 16.8% in the control group. The difference in RRIs between the groups was not significant (χ(2)=0.161, df=1, p=0.69).This prospective study demonstrated that a 4-week PRECON programme with walking and hopping exercises had no influence on the incidence of RRIs in novice runners.
Elevated Levels of Expired Breath Hydrogen Peroxide in Bronchiectasis
Authors: STELIOS LOUKIDES, ILDIKO HORVATH, THERESA WODEHOUSE, PETER J. COLE, PETER J. BARNES
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1998)

Airway inflammation is important in the development and progression of many lung diseases, including bronchiectasis. Activation of inflammatory cells such as neutrophils, eosinophils, and macrophages induces a respiratory burst resulting in the production of reactive oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). We have measured exhaled H2O2 in patients with documented bronchiectasis and investigated whether the concentration of H2O2 is related to the disease severity, as defined by lung function. We also investigated whether the concentrations of expired H2O2 were different in bronchiectatic patients who received inhaled corticosteroids compared with steroid-naı̈ve patients. In 37 patients with bronchiectasis (mean age, 45 ± 2.5 yr; FEV1, 59 ± 3% pred), mean H2O2 concentration in exhaled breath condensate was significantly elevated as compared with the values in 25 age-matched (mean age, 42 ± 2 yr) normal subjects (0.87 ± 0.01 versus 0.26 ± 0.04 μ M, p < 0.001). There was a significant negative correlation between H2O2 and FEV1 (r = − 0.76, p < 0.0001). Patients treated with inhaled corticosteroids had values of H2O2 similar to those of steroid-naı̈ve patients (0.8 ± 0.1 versus 0.9 ± 0.1, p > 0.05). We conclude that H2O2 is elevated in exhaled air condensate of patients with bronchiectasis and is correlated with disease severity. Measurement of H2O2 may be used as a simple noninvasive method to monitor airway inflammation and oxidative stress.
Effects of bound versus soluble pentosan polysulphate in PEG/HA-based hydrogels tailored for intervertebral disc regeneration
Authors: Jessica E. Frith, Donna J. Menzies, Andrew R. Cameron, P. Ghosh, Darryl L. Whitehead, S. Gronthos, Andrew C.W. Zannettino, Justin J. Cooper-White
Journal: Biomaterials (2013)
Percutaneous Nephrostolithotomy vs Open Surgery for Renal Calculi
Authors: Glenn M. Preminger
Journal: JAMA (1985)

To evaluate the impact of the percutaneous removal of renal calculi we compared 41 patients who had undergone open renal surgery to 88 patients who had a one- or two-stage percutaneous nephrostolithotomy for symptomatic urolithiasis. The two groups were similar with regard to stone size, stone location, treatment success, and complication rates. However, for patients with calculi 2.5 cm or smaller in diameter, the percutaneous procedure resulted in lower postoperative morbidity, more rapid convalescence, less hospital cost, and greater patient satisfaction. For patients with calculi larger than 2.5 cm in diameter, the percutaneous approach was slightly more expensive than open surgery but resulted in a markedly shortened convalescent period. In our experience, percutaneous nephrostolithotomy performed in a single stage under assisted local anesthesia was the most efficacious and least expensive of the percutaneous approaches. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;254:1054-1058)
Staging of carcinoid tumours with 18F-DOPA PET: a prospective, diagnostic accuracy study
Authors: Klaas P Koopmans, Elisabeth GE de Vries, Ido P Kema, Philip H Elsinga, Oliver C Neels, Wim J Sluiter, Anouk NA van der Horst-Schrivers, Pieter L Jager
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2006)
Primate and bovine immature oocytes and follicles as sources of fertilizable oocytes
Authors: R. Van den Hurk
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2000)

This review discusses the mechanisms underlying ovarian follicle development and the potential of immature follicles and oocytes from non-rodent mammalian species particularly human and bovine to serve as sources of oocytes for the in-vitro production of embryos. Factors that regulate growth and differentiation of unilaminar (primordial and primary) and multilaminar (secondary) follicles and the maturation of oocytes are highlighted. We conclude that many obstacles must still be overcome before fertilizable oocytes can be obtained from human and bovine ovaries, and more research on the quality of and culture conditions for immature oocytes and follicles is required before these can be considered as a source for in-vitro production.
Radionuclide determined pulmonary blood volume in ischaemic heart disease.
Authors: W J Hannan, J Vojacek, H M Connell, N G Dewhurst, A L Muir
Journal: Thorax (1981)

Most measurements of pulmonary blood volume have been based on the Stewart-Hamilton dye dilution principle and have required direct catheterisation of the cardiac chambers. Alternatively a precordial counter may be used to detect the composite right and left heart curves after an intravenous injection of radionuclide. We investigated the use of a gamma camera/computer system to determine the radionuclide dilution curves from individual cardiac chambers. Pulmonary transit time and pulmonary blood volume were measured in nine normal subjects, eight patients with angina pectoris but without heart failure, and 13 patients with ischaemic heart disease and left ventricular failure. Patients with heart failure had significantly greater (p less than 0.001) pulmonary blood volumes and pulmonary transit times than normal subjects or patients without heart failure. Reproducibility measurements of pulmonary blood volume, determined in 12 subjects, gave a coefficient of variation of 2.6%. The effect of posture on pulmonary blood volume was determined in six subjects lying supine and tilted at a 45 degree angle. A reduction in pulmonary blood volume in the tilted position was observed in each subject (p less than 0.005). This simple non-invasive measurement should allow more detailed assessment of physiological or pharmacological changes of the pulmonary vascular bed.
Role of ultrasound (US) and US-guided fine needle aspiration cytology (US-FNAC) prior to sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in 500 melanoma patients: Reduction of need for SNLB by high US-FNAC SN positive identification rate
Authors: C. A. Voit, A. C. van Akkooi, G. Schäfer-Hesterberg, A. Schoengen, W. Sterry, A. M. Eggermont
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

8512 Background: SN status as the important prognostic factor reflects the likelihood of metastatic melanoma and the MSLT-1 trial showed similar 5ys-survival rates of ∼85% both in the SN-staged group and in the watch&amp;wait group. SN-staging far outperforms PET-scanning, since PET is only reliable for detection of metastatic lesions &gt; 125 mm 3 . SN-staging is an invasive procedure and better screening methods are required to identify early disease in SNs. This ongoing study examines the role of US to demonstrate SN metastasis thus avoiding surgical SN- staging in a proportion of melanoma pts. Methods: In this prospective study 503 consecutive melanoma pts. underwent scintigraphy and then US-exam prior to scheduled SLNB. When US was suspicious for malignant deposits in the SN, pts underwent a FNAC. So far we determined outcome in 400 AJCC staged pts (median Br 2.7 mm). Interim FU-data are updated until 10/06 (mean/median FU 26/24 (1 - 64) mo. For pts with a positive SN we considered the pre-SN US/US-FNAC pos. if either US and/or FNAC were positive. If both were only suspicious, it was considered negative. Results: US identified the SN in 52/80 (86%). Specificity was 99% (317/320) with a PPV of 95% and NPV of 92%. SN identification rate by FNAC increased from 40% in stage pT1a/b to 79% in stage pT4a/b according to the higher probability for nodal disease in higher pT stages (4% in pT1ab vs 57% in pT4ab). FNAC became more sensitive with increasing tu load: SN with deposits of 0.50–1.99 mm were verified in 13/25 (52%), whereas with deposits &gt; 2 mm in 13/16 (83%). 80/400 SNs were histologically malignant with 15/80 (22%) submicroscopic involvement (&lt;0.1 mm), an identical percentage as in the Rotterdam series (van Akkooi, Ann Oncol 2006). Of the node pos. pts, 50% (40/80) already found positive on US guided FNAC could have avoided undergoing a SLNB and proceeded straight to TLND. Histolog. patterns of involvement in 68 SNs were examined: 26/68 showed subcapsular, 6/68 parenchymal and 20/68 combined. Updated DFS and OS will be reported. Conclusions: US of the SN and US-guided FNAC is highly accurate. In this prospective study 50% of the SN positive pts could have been spared the need to undergo a SLNB. No significant financial relationships to disclose.