tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary artery size as a predictor of outcomes in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Stephanie Shin, Christopher S. King, Nitin Puri, Oksana A. Shlobin, A. Whitney Brown, Shahzad Ahmad, Nargues A. Weir, Steven D. Nathan
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2016)

IPF patients have heightened propensity for pulmonary hypertension, which portends a worse outcome. Presence of pulmonary hypertension may be reflected in an enlarged pulmonary artery. We investigated pulmonary artery size measured on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) as an outcome predictor in IPF.We retrospectively reviewed all IPF patients evaluated at a tertiary-care centre between 2008 and 2013. Pulmonary artery and ascending aorta diameters were measured from chest HRCT with pulmonary artery:ascending aorta diameter (PA:A) ratio calculations. Outcome analysis defined by either death or lung transplant based on pulmonary artery size and PA:A ratio over 60 months was performed. Independent effects of different variables on overall outcomes were evaluated using the Cox proportional hazards model.98 IPF patients with available HRCT scans had a mean pulmonary artery diameter and PA:A ratio of 32.8 mm and 0.94, respectively. Patients with a PA:A ratio >1 had higher risk of death or transplant compared with a PA:A ratio ≤1 (p<0.001). A PA:A ratio >1 was also an independent predictor of outcomes in unadjusted and adjusted outcomes analyses (hazard ratio 3.99, p<0.001 and hazard ratio 3.35, p=0.002, respectively).A PA:A ratio >1 is associated with worse outcomes in patients with IPF.A ratio measurement may assist in risk stratification and prognostication of IPF patients.
Impact of the type and modalities of preoperative chemotherapy on the outcome of liver resection for colorectal metastases.
Authors: R. Adam, E. Barroso, C. Laurent, G. Nuzzo, C. Hubert, G. Mentha, J. Ijzermans, L. Capussotti, S. Lopezben, D. Mirza, G. Kaiser, E. Oussoultzoglou, T. Gruenberger, G. J. Poston, O. Skipenko
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

3519 Background: Prognostic factors of survival have been extensively reported after resection of colorectal liver metastases. However, a specific analysis of patients (pts) submitted to preoperative chemotherapy (PCT), with the real impact of type and modalities of treatment on patient outcome is lacking. Methods: From Jan 1995 to June 2010, 10,436 pts from 151 centers and 39 countries were entered into LiverMetSurvey an international, prospective registry designed to assess the efficacy of multimodality treatment for colorectal liver metastases (CLM). Among this cohort, 4,444 pts (49.9%) received PCT. There were 38% of men and mean age was 61. Prognostic factors of overall (OS) and disease-free (DFS) survivals were determined including characteristics of primary tumor, of metastasis, initial resectability, type and duration of PCT, using multivariate analyses. Results: Metastases were initially resectable in 63%, originated in the rectum in 33% and were synchronous in 69% of pts. 33% pts had ≥ 3 CLM, bilateral in 49% and with a size > 5cm in 30%. PCT was oxaliplatin-based in 36%, irinotecan-based in 12% and both drug-based in 3% of pts. Targeted therapy was used in combination with oxaliplatin (11%), irinotecan (9%) or both (1%). Median, 5-year and 10-year OS were 43 months, 39%, and 23%, respectively. Median, 5-year and 10-year DFS were 17 months, 21%, and 15%, respectively. Variables independently associated with poor OS included metastatic primary lymph nodes (p=0.005), abnormal CEA levels (p<0.001), metastases >3 (p=0.006), concomitant extrahepatic metastases (p<0.001), tumoral progression while on PCT (p=0.03), the use of >1 line of PCT (p<0.001) and R2 resection (p<0.001). The use of > 6 cycles of PCT was additionally associated to a poor DFS (p=0.004). Neither the type of conventional PCT nor the combined use of targeted agents independently influenced outcome following resection. Conclusions: PCT is used in half of pts overall, 63% of whom with initially resectable CLM. The type of PCT does not influence the outcome provided that resection is achieved. However, the shorter is the PCT and the more limited is the number of lines, the best is the survival after surgery.
Novel Antigen Expression on Syngeneic Somatic Cell Hybrids of Murine Spontaneous Mammary Tumor Cells<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1">2</xref>
Authors: T Dei, K Masuko, H Ishii, T Makita, T Tachibana
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1986)

Spontaneous mammary carcinoma cells of C3H/He mice were fused with syngeneic L-cells, and two types of hybrid cell clones were obtained. In group A, hybrid cells showed contact inhibition, and parental H-2k and L-antigens were well expressed. Metacentric chromosomes of L-cell origin and estrogen dependency were also well preserved in this group. However, in group B, hybrid cells proliferated to pile up, and the expression of parental antigens, H-2 and L-cell antigens, was strongly suppressed. But, mouse mammary tumor antigens (MM-antigens), which were expressed on ascites mammary tumor cells with hypotetraploidy of C3H/He origin and which were not expressed on both parent cells, were newly expressed. The number of metacentric chromosomes was decreased, and estrogen dependency was lost in this group. The relationship between the expression of MM-antigens and that of H-2 antigens was reciprocal, and tumorigenicity was independent of cellular behavior in vitro and of MM-antigen expression. MM-antigen-positive hybrid cell clones were frequently obtained when tumor cells were fused with metaphase-rich L-cells.
Oestrogens in oophorectomized women.
Journal: BMJ (1971)

The author writes in response to a previous report by Dr. S. Gow and Professor I. MacGillivray on the undesirable effects of administering mestranol to women who have undergone a surgical menopause.  The 2 principal changes discovered by these 2 investigators were in glucose tolerance and in liver function.  This authors findings suggest that these changes are evident with mestranol treatment but not with ethinyl estradiol or norsteroids.  Work of 2 other experienced groups indicate how unjustifiable it is to make statements about the effects of estrogens in general on the basis of evidence about only 1 of them.  It is felt that it would be a pity if such useful agents as the estrogens were denied to patients as a result of unwarranted inferences about all estrogens from results which only apply to mestranol.  It is hoped that studies will continue to identify those estrogens which are safe and those which are inferior.
A phase I study to assess oral bioavailability of a novel oral soft gelatin capsule formulation of rigosertib (ON 01910.Na) under fasted and fed conditions in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes.
Authors: Azra Raza, Rami S. Komrokji, Roserika Brooks, Jeffrey E. Lancet, Alan F. List, Chen Ren, David R. Taft, Francois Wilhelm, Manoj Maniar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

3081 Background: Rigosertib (ON 01910.Na) is a novel multikinase inhibitor, with selective cytotoxic effects on tumor cells without impact on normal cells. Rigosertib, administered as a 3-day continuous infusion, is now undergoing phase 3 evaluation in higher risk MDS patients refractory to hypomethylating agents. Here, we report the results of the effect of food on the absolute bioavailability of a novel rigosertib oral formulation (soft gelatin capsule) in MDS patients. Methods: This was a single-dose, three-treatment, three-period sequential design for studying the effects of food on the bioavailability of an immediate-release soft gelatin capsule formulation. The following dosing groups were tested in 12 patients: IV Dose 800 mg/m 2 over 24 hours and oral dose 560 mg (2 x 280 mg capsules) under fasting and fed conditions. The oral dose was the recommended phase 2 dose, as reported previously (R.S. Komrokji et al., Oral Formulation of Rigosertib (ON 01910.Na) in Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) – Phase I Study Results. Blood 2011, 118:Abstract #3797). Plasma samples were collected pre-dose, and over 32 hours (IV dose) or 8 hours (oral dose) after dose initiation. Rigosertib plasma levels were analyzed by a validated LC/MS/MS method. Pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated by noncompartmental analysis (WinNonlinÒ). Results: Rigosertib pharmacokinetic parameters are presented in the table below. The results of the present study demonstrate good oral bioavailability under fasting condition.Oral administration of rigosertib after a meal decreased Cmax and AUC by 77% and 61%, respectively, compared to fasting conditions. Conclusions: The results of this study support the potential for oral delivery of rigosertib, which could become a preferred therapy over a 3-day continuous intravenous infusion. [Table: see text]
Breast cancer in United Arab Emirates: Younger patients and more aggressive histology
Authors: A. M. Maarraoui, A. Utamachandani, A. I. Mattamona, C. A. Lazaro, L. S. Mathews, V. Saxen, D. Uttamchandani, Y. Maarraoui, H. Abdulatif, N. M. Attia
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

10612 Background: Mafraq hospital is the largest tertiary hospital in UAE. We tested the hypothesis that breast cancer patients in UAE present at a younger age and with more aggressive tumor histology Methods: This is a retrospective study on breast cancer cases seen at Mafraq hospital between 1/00 and 12/05. Intent to treat analysis was used. Total of 372 patients were seen, 48 patients (12.9%) were UAE citizens and 324(87.1%) were non-citizens, 370 females and 2 males. We categorized patients according to their age at time of initial presentation, menopausal status, TNM stage, tumor grade, lymphatic and vascular invasion, ER, PR, Her-2 neu and P53 status. Mode of surgery is also reported. Results: Mean patients age at time of initial presentation is 48 years. 230 (62%) of patients were pre-menopausal and 140 (38%) were post-menopausal. Tumor stages at initial presentation were as follows, stage 0: 7 patients (0.2%), stage I:59 patients (15.9 %), stage II: 180 patients (48.6%), stage III: 71 patients (19.2%) and stage IV: 53 patients (14.3%). Staging was not completed in 2 patients as they followed elesewhere. Vascular invasion was reported in 118 case, 58 (49.2%) were positive and 60 (50.8%) were negative. Lymphatic vessel invasion was reported in 106 case, 84 (79.2%) were positive and 22 (20.8%) were negative. Tumor grades were reported in 265 case and were as follows GI: 33 (12.5%), GII: 121 (45.6%), GIII: 109 (41.1%) and G IV: 2 (0.8%). Tumor hormonal status was reported in 270 case and were as follows: ER+ and PR+ in 94 case (34.8 %), ER+ and PR- in 31 case (11.5%), ER− and PR+ in 25 case (9.3%) and ER− and PR− in 120 case (44.3%). ER and PR were unknown in 102 case. Her2 neu studies were performed in 157 case. Out of those 77 (49%) were positive and 80 (51%) were negative. P53 mutation was studied in 132 patients 33 (25%) were P53 positive and 99 (75%) were P53 negative. 346 patient underwent surgery, 233 patient had modified radical mastectomy and 113 (32.7%) had breast conserving surgery. Conclusions: Breast cancer in UAE tends to occur at a younger age compared to western countries. The majority of our patients are pre-menopausal. Tumors have more aggressive histology and biology. Most tumors show vascular and lymphatic invasion. P53 and Her-2 neu over-expression is relatively high. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A nosocomial outbreak of 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) in a paediatric oncology ward in Italy, October – November 2009
Authors: M Chironna, S Tafuri, N Santoro, R Prato, M Quarto, C  A Germinario
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2010)

A nosocomial outbreak of 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1), with eight confirmed cases, occurred in a paediatric oncology ward in Italy, in October/November 2009. The fact that one case was infected despite being isolated and without contact to a symptomatic patient, hints towards potential transmission through a health care worker (HCW) and underlines the importance of vaccination of HCW who are involved in the care of critically ill patients.
“Yes” vote predicted for junior doctors’ ballot on industrial action
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Junior doctors are likely to vote in favour of industrial action when they are balloted by the BMA over proposed changes to their contract, doctors’ leaders are predicting.

The BMA’s Junior Doctors Committee voted to ballot members on industrial action last month, after it decided not to re-enter contract negotiations with the government.1

Last weekend more than 15 000 junior doctors showed their anger at the threat of a contract imposition in England, holding rallies in London, Nottingham, and Belfast.2

Speaking to The BMJ at the rally, Andrew Collier, immediate past co-chair of the Junior Doctors Committee, said that the strength of feeling at the …
Somatic Mutational Screen For Improved Prediction Of The Outcomes Of Epigenetic Therapy In MDS
Authors: Swapna Thota, Paul Lakin, Holleh Husseinzadeh, Hideki Makishima, Bartlomiej P Przychodzen, Brittney Dienes, Kathryn M Guinta, Naoko Hosono, Tomas Radivoyevitch, Mikkael A. Sekeres, Yogen Saunthararajah, Jaroslaw P. Maciejewski
Journal: Blood (2013)
A retrospective review of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD), bortezomib, and dexamethasone (DVD) for relapsed or refractory (R/R) multiple myeloma (MM)
Authors: G. N. Waterman, O. Yellin, R. A. Swift, J. Hilger, J. R. Berenson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e19523 Background: Preclinical data show that PLD and bortezomib demonstrate synergistic anti-MM effects. Clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of this combination for MM patients (pts) as well as its superiority to bortezomib alone. In vivo studies have shown that more frequent administration of low-dose PLD produces enhanced anti-MM effects with better tolerability compared to weekly standard doses of PLD. Thus, a low dose PLD dosing schedule was evaluated in combination with bortezomib and dexamethasone for pts with R/R MM. Methods: This retrospective analysis sought to evaluate the DVD regimen for pts with R/R MM. Twenty pts who had received and failed at least one prior treatment for MM were studied. Treatment consisted of intravenous administration of 40 mg dexamethasone, 1.0 mg/m 2 bortezomib and 5.0 mg/m 2 PLD on days 1, 4, 8 and 11 of a 28-day cycle. Pts ranged in age from 43–81 years (median 65), and had received between 1–14 prior therapies (median 5). Baseline disease stage was: 6 (I), 7 (II), and 7 (III). Elevated serum creatinine levels at baseline were found in 30% of patients. Results: The objective response rate (ORR) was 50%, which included 1 complete response (5%), 1 very good partial response (5%), 4 partial responses (20%), and 4 minimal responses (20%). Sixteen pts had previously received bortezomib-containing regimens and 6 (38%) responded. Among the entire cohort, the duration of response was 2+-19+ months (mo) (median 7 mo). Six pts had stable disease (30%) lasting between 5–9 mo (median 9 mo). Progression-free survival was 1+-19+ mo (median 8 mo). The regimen was well tolerated with a single mild case of transient hand and foot syndrome and 10 pts developed grade 1 or 2 peripheral neuropathy. One pt discontinued the regimen due to an adverse event (AE; 5%). The median overall survival was 17 mo (range 1+-33+ mo). Conclusions: Patients treated with the DVD regimen in this study who had failed many prior regimens (median 5) with progressive disease demonstrated a high response rate (50%). In addition, there were few significant or drug-related AEs. Because of these encouraging results, we are now evaluating this regimen in a phase 2 clinical trial in the frontline setting. [Table: see text]
Supervision and the professional development of the psychiatric resident
Authors: J J Drucker, D B Klass, M Strizich
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1978)

The authors used a questionnaire survey to study the way psychiatric residents experience their psychotherapy supervisors at two points in their training. Results show that second-year residents were more critical in their evaluations of supervisors than first- or third-year residents and that there appeared to be a characteristic progression in the experience of residents from year to year. The authors believe that the resident's experience of supervision reflects a developmental process, which others have described and viewed as important in the formation of identity as a psychiatrist.
Mobilization of CD34+ progenitor cells by granulocyte colony- stimulating factor in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected adults
Authors: KS Slobod, TA Bennett, PJ Freiden, AM Kechli, N Howlett, PM Flynn, DR Head, DK Srivastava, JM Boyett, MK Brenner, JV Garcia
Journal: Blood (1996)
Abstract 16221: Predictors of Mortality in Patients Hospitalized for Congestive Heart Failure with Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction > 35%
Authors: Saadia Sherazi, Scott McNitt, Naila Choudhary, Mehmet Aktas, Adil Asgher, Abrar H Shah, Wojciech Zareba
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics, long term mortality, and to identify prognostic factors in patients with LVEF > 35% hospitalized for decompensated congestive heart failure. Methods: We evaluated a consecutive sample of patients hospitalized in 2003 with discharge diagnosis of heart failure with LVEF > 35%. Patients with severe valvular defects were excluded. Multivariable Cox regression model was developed using baseline clinical characteristics and echocardiographic variables including: LVEF, septal and lateral wall thickness, LV mass, LA size and LV dimension. All-cause mortality was determined from the National Death Registry. Results: The study population consisted of 193 patients, mean age 77+15 years (60% female) with mean follow-up of 4.0±2.8 years. Hypertension was reported in 74% patients. Cumulative 5-year mortality was 57%; mortality in quartile 1 ( 4.1 cm) of LVEDD is shown in the Figure. In multivariable Cox model, pr...
High index of suspicion required when screening new entrants for tuberculosis
Authors: Mathi Rasanesan
Journal: Thorax (2007)

Laifer G, Widmer AF, Simcock M, et al . TB in a low-incidence country: differences between new immigrants, foreign-born residents and native residents. Am J Med 2007; 120 :350–6.

In this Swiss study, the authors divided 385 patients with suspected tuberculosis (TB) into three groups: immigrants, foreign-born residents (from moderate- to high-incidence countries) and native residents. Immigrants displaying an abnormal chest radiograph on entry to the country were …
Paranoia, homicidal behavior, and seizures associated with phenylpropanolamine
Authors: J R Cornelius, P H Soloff, C F Reynolds
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1984)

A 29-year-old woman with no history of paranoia or homicidal behavior developed paranoia, homicidal behavior, and seizures after abusing a preparation containing phenylpropanolamine. The paranoia and seizures were replicated in a controlled inpatient setting following phenylpropanolamine challenge.
Detection of Active Epstein–Barr Virus Infection in Duodenal Mucosa of Patients With Refractory Celiac Disease
Authors: Vittorio Perfetti, Fausto Baldanti, Marco Vincenzo Lenti, Alessandro Vanoli, Federico Biagi, Marta Gatti, Roberta Riboni, Elena Dallera, Marco Paulli, Paolo Pedrazzoli, Gino Roberto Corazza
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2016)
Pancreatic Regeneration Caused by Ethionine in the Guinea Pig2
Authors: M. L. Wenk, Janardan K. Reddy, Curtis C. Harris
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Hartley strain guinea pigs were given 10 daily intraperitoneal injections of either ethionine (0.01, 0.04, or 0.07 g/kg body weight) or methionine (0.08, 0.25, or 0.5 g/kg body weight) while on a protein-free diet. From day 11, they were fed a protein-sufficient diet. The highest doses of either ethionine or methionine caused 80% mortality. At better-tolerated doses, focal pancreatic necrosis followed by regeneration was induced by ethionine but not by methionine. Ethionine caused nucleolar fragmentation, an increase in free ribosomes, and focal cytoplasmic degradation, all of which were reversed by 30 days. Regeneration of pancreatic acinar cells and pancreatic duct cells was assessed at 10, 12, 16, and 30 days from the start of the experiment by counting either metaphases arrested by colchicine or nuclei labeled by 3H-thymidine in autoradiograms. Ethionine caused maximal regeneration of acinar cells at 16 days. No significant regeneration of duct cells was detected on those days monitored.
Inhibition of Effector Cell Function in Human Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity by Sera From Cancer Patients2
Authors: Stanislaw M. Mikulski, Ronald Billing, Paul I. Terasakj
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

The effect of sera from 256 human cancer patients on the human antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) assay was studied. The cancer sera were compared to normal sera for their ability to alter the effector function of lymphocytes following 30 minutes' treatment at 37°C. Even with this brief treatment, 74% of the 256 cancer sera inhibited effector activity. In most Instances this Inhibition was greater in patients with metastatic disease than in those without. Patients with colon and prostate cancer showed a statistically significant Increase In inhibition among patients with disseminated disease (P<0.02 and P<0.01, respectively). An opposite effect was noted only In melanomas. It is suggested that the inhibition of the effector function In ADCC Is a potential in vitro measure of the immunologic status of cancer patients.
Thrombosis in Women of Child-bearing Age
Authors: D. A. Cahal
Journal: BMJ (1965)

Oral Contraceptives and Liver Damage SIR,-The nature of the liver damage associated with oral contraceptives is not clear.Histological examination has apparently been performed only in one case,' and a second case is presented here.A previously healthy quadriparous woman of 38 years gave no history of alcohol or gallbladder disease.In autumn 1963 (and also dur- ing the last months of her pregnancies) she ex- perienced generalized itching.Simultaneously she had started ethinyloestradiol 0.05 mg.+ norethisterone acetate 4 mg.daily with regular breaks.No other drugs.In April 1964 episodic