tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Genotoxic Stress Induces Expression of E2F4, Leading to Its Association with p130 in Prostate Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Erica L. DuPree, Suparna Mazumder, Alexandru Almasan
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract The retinoblastoma (pRb), p107, and p130 pocket proteins bind to the E2F transcription factors to control gene expression. E2F4 protein levels increased and accumulated in the nuclei of prostate carcinoma cells subjected to ionizing radiation (IR). The IR-induced increase of E2F4 levels led to an increase in E2F4 binding to p130 but had no effect on E2F4/p107 or E2F5/p130 complexes. The increase in E2F4/p130 association after IR was observed in prostate carcinoma cells regardless of their sensitivity to androgens, but not in breast carcinoma cells. E2F4/p130 complex formation was dependent on dissociation of p130 from cyclin-dependent kinase 2 and p130 dephosphorylation. Disruption of E2F4 through small interfering RNA prevented p130/E2F4 complex formation and sensitized cells to IR-induced apoptosis, leading to caspase-3 activation, cleavage of its substrate, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, and nuclear condensation. The E2F4/p130 pocket protein complex emerges as a new target of radiation in prostate carcinoma cells.
Physical activity: Children with asthma and without asthma
Authors: Andrey Sousa, Celso Carvalho, Milton Martins, Anna Cabral
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background: It is well known that regular physical activity has health benefits, reducing obesity, morbidity and mortality. Currently, the practice of physical activity in asthmatic patients shows a significant improvement of disease symptoms, however, there is disagreement in the literature whether asthmatic children are more sedentary than children without asthma. Objective: To compare level of daily physical activity in children with and without asthma. Method: We studied 121 children (79 asthmatics) of both genders among 7-12 years. Were selected for the study asthmatic patients with controlled disease. The level of daily physical activity was monitored by use of the accelerometer for six days (four weeks on and two on the weekend). Results: Total number of steps, steps and time in moderate physical activity between genders of the asthma and control groups were similar.  Percentage of children classified as active by steps and time are similar.  Conclusion: Characteristics related to asthma do not seem to affect the physical activity in children with controlled disease, making the practice of daily physical activity similar to that of children without asthma.
Novel strategies for the management of right ventricular failure with pulmonary hypertension
Authors: I C Meryon, P Marino
Journal: Thorax (2012)

The authors report a case where four novel strategies were successfully used in the management of advanced right ventricular failure with severe pulmonary hypertension and complex adult congenital heart disease. These included combination and optimisation of three advanced therapies for pulmonary hypertension, therapeutic abdominal paracentesis, correction of underlying metabolic/endocrine disturbance and a new inotropic agent.
Inhaled Corticosteroids and Risk of Tuberculosis in Patients with Respiratory Diseases
Authors: Paul Brassard, Samy Suissa, Abbas Kezouh, Pierre Ernst
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2010)

Rationale: Treatment with substantial doses of oral corticosteroids (OCS) for prolonged periods increases the risk of tuberculosis (TB). However, little is known about the effect of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in this respect.Objectives: We quantified the independent contribution of ICS to the risk of TB in a population of patients with airway diseases.Methods: A population-based cohort design with a nested case-control analysis was used. A cohort of patients with airways disease was formed using the Quebec databases. TB cases were identified and age-matched control subjects were selected from all subjects who entered the cohort in the same month as the cases. TB incidence among the cohort was compared with the general population of Quebec using the standardized incidence ratio.Measurements and Main Results: The cohort consisted of 427,648 subjects. There were 564 cases of TB identified between 1990 and 2005. The standardized incidence ratio was 3.9 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.6–5.4). Any and current users of ICS are at an increased risk of TB (rate ratio [RR], 1.27; 95% CI, 1.05–1.53; and RR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.04–1.71, respectively). Among users of OCS, no significant relationship could be demonstrated. Among subjects without OCS exposure, adjusted RRs were significant for any ICS use (RR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.02–1.56) and current use (RR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.11–1.97) and at the current high dose exposure level (RR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.18–3.3).Conclusions: Exposure to ICS is not associated with risk of TB in the presence of OCS but is associated with increased TB risk in nonusers of OCS.
Neuronal adaptation: Delay compensation at the level of single neurons?
Authors: J. Patrick Mayo, Marc A. Sommer
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2008)

Abstract Saccades divide visual input into rapid, discontinuous periods of stimulation on the retina. The response of single neurons to such sequential stimuli is neuronal adaptation; a robust first response followed by an interval-dependent diminished second response. Adaptation is pervasive in both early and late stages of visual processing. Given its inherent coding of brief time intervals, neuronal adaptation may play a fundamental role in compensating for visual delays.
Do Quality-of-Life Randomized Clinical Trials Support Clinicians in Their Decision-Making?
Authors: Fabio Efficace, Andrew Bottomley, Mark N. Levine, Patricia A. Ganz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

Article Tools SPECIAL DEPARTMENTS Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2002.99.117 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 12351614 Do Quality-of-Life Randomized Clinical Trials Support Clinicians in Their Decision-Making? Fabio EfficacexFabio EfficaceSearch for articles by this author , Andrew BottomleyxAndrew BottomleySearch for articles by this author Mark N. LevinexMark N. LevineSearch for articles by this author , Patricia A. GanzxPatricia A. GanzSearch for articles by this author Show More European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer, EORTC Data Center, Brussels, BelgiumHamilton Regional Cancer Center, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, CanadaJonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2002.99.117 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2002 by American Society of Clinical OncologyjcoJ Clin OncolJournal of Clinical OncologyJCO0732-183X1527-7755American Society of Clinical OncologyResponse01102002In Reply:We agree with Efficace and Bottomley that improvements in the conduct and reporting of quality-of-life (QOL) studies could aid in translating QOL into clinical practice. In their systematic reviews of QOL trials in patients with prostate cancer and breast cancer, they noted that the trials often did not satisfy predefined methodologic criteria. They recommend internationally agreed-on standards for the conduct and reporting of QOL studies. The observation that the conduct and reporting of health-related QOL in cancer clinical trials is associated with some deficiencies is not new. Lee and Chi1 reported that in their systematic review of studies published in 1997 on QOL in cancer patients. In the 20 randomized trials, the median number of methodologic criteria that were satisfied was only 42%. Furthermore, guidelines for reporting results of QOL assessments in clinical trials were recommended in 1996.2 It would seem that progress during the last 5 years in improving the conduct and reporting of QOL in trials has been modest. We wonder whether Efficace and Bottomley have any suggestions on how to achieve their recommendation. *Supported by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Lady Grierson Fellowship. 1. Lee CW, Chi KN: The standard of reporting health-related quality of life in clinical cancer trials. J Clin Epidemiol 53:: 451,2000-458, Crossref, Medline, Google Scholar2. Staquest M, Berzon R, Osoba D, et al: Guidelines for reporting results of quality of life assessments in clinical trials. Qual Life Res 5:: 496,1996-502, Crossref, Medline, Google Scholar
Friend virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes recognize both gag and env gene-encoded specificities.
Authors: C A Holt, K Osorio, F Lilly
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1986)

We have constructed a series of "synthetic" target cell lines for an analysis of the specificity of anti-Friend virus (FV) CTL. Our results show that murine H-2 genes and individual retroviral genes can be stable expressed in Fisher rat embryo (FRE) cells, and that their products have the potential to form target structures recognized by mouse CTL. Cells expressing H-2Db and either the env or gag genes of one component of FV, helper Friend murine leukemia virus (FMuLV), were lysed by anti-FV CTL and by CTL generated against FMuLV alone. Experiments with Db-transfected FRE clones infected only with the replication-defective spleen focus-forming virus (SFFV) component of FV indicate that the SFFV genome also provides specificities recognized by both anti-FV and anti-FMuLV CTL, thus demonstrating the existence of a crossreactive CTL population. An unexpected finding was that anti-FMuLV CTL, but not anti-FV CTL were also able to lyse FRE clones that expressed H-2Kb in either the presence or absence of FV. The use of heterologous cell lines for the construction of synthetic target cells thus offers a useful approach for the analysis of T cell specificity.
Nocturnal hypoxaemia and hypercapnia in children with neuromuscular disorders
Authors: Chiara Bersanini, Sonia Khirani, Adriana Ramirez, Frédéric Lofaso, Guillaume Aubertin, Nicole Beydon, Michèle Mayer, Kim Maincent, Michèle Boulé, Brigitte Fauroux
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

The aim of the study was to identify daytime predictors of nocturnal gas exchange anomalies in children with neuromuscular disease (NMD) and normal daytime gas exchange. Lung function tests, respiratory muscle evaluation and nocturnal gas exchange were obtained as part of routine evaluation. We included 52 consecutive children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (n = 20), spinal muscular atrophy (n = 10) and other NMD (n = 22). 20 patients had nocturnal hypoxaemia, defined as minimal arterial oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximetry (S(p,O(2))) <90% for ≥ 2% of night time, and 22 had nocturnal hypercapnia, defined as maximal transcutaneous carbon dioxide tension (P(tc,CO(2))) >50 mmHg for ≥ 2% of night time. Forced vital capacity and helium functional residual capacity correlated with minimal nocturnal S(p,O(2)) (p = 0.009 and p = 0.01, respectively). Daytime pH correlated negatively with maximal nocturnal P(tc,CO(2)) (p=0.005) and daytime arterial carbon dioxide tension (P(a,CO(2))) correlated with the percentage of time with a P(tc,CO(2)) >50 mmHg (p = 0.02). Sniff nasal inspiratory pressure correlated with minimal nocturnal S(p,O(2)) (p = 0.02). Daytime P(a,CO(2)) was a weak predictor of nocturnal hypercapnia (sensitivity 80%; specificity 57%). Daytime lung function and respiratory muscle parameters correlate poorly with nocturnal hypoxaemia and hypercapnia in children with NMD and normal daytime gas exchange, which necessitates more systematic sleep studies in these children.
Renal artery stenosis in the antiphospholipid (Hughes) syndrome and hypertension
Authors: S R Sangle
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2003)

Hypertension is common in the antiphospholipid (Hughes) syndrome (APS) and its cause is poorly understood. Anecdotal evidence suggests that renal artery stenosis (RAS) may be a relevant and treatable cause of hypertension.To investigate the prevalence of RAS in patients with APS and hypertension.Three groups of patients were evaluated: (1) 77 patients with positive antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) (60 secondary APS, 11 primary APS, and 6 with aPL only) and uncontrolled hypertension who were receiving two or more antihypertensive drugs; (2) 91 patients (</=50 years) attending hypertension clinics;(3) 92 normotensive healthy, potential renal transplant donors. Magnetic resonance renal angiography was used to image the renal arteries in all three groups.Group 1: 20/77 (26%) patients had evidence of RAS (16 unilateral and 4 bilateral). Sixteen patients (80%) had smooth well defined stenoses in the proximal third of the renal artery. Three further patients had irregular arteries without distinct stenosis. Group 2: 7/91 (8%) hypertensive patients had RAS (chi(2)=10.3, p<0.001 v group 1). Group 3: 3/92 (3%) healthy donors had RAS (chi(2)=18.2, p<0.0001 v group 1).A significantly increased prevalence of RAS (26%) was found in patients with APS and hypertension, compared with relatively young (</=50 years) hypertensive controls and healthy potential donors.
Diffusion Theory and Knowledge Dissemination, Utilization, and Integration in Public Health
Authors: Lawrence W. Green, Judith M. Ottoson, César García, Robert A. Hiatt
Journal: Annual Review of Public Health (2009)

Legislators and their scientific beneficiaries express growing concerns that the fruits of their investment in health research are not reaching the public, policy makers, and practitioners with evidence-based practices. Practitioners and the public lament the lack of relevance and fit of evidence that reaches them and barriers to their implementation of it. Much has been written about this gap in medicine, much less in public health. We review the concepts that have guided or misguided public health in their attempts to bridge science and practice through dissemination and implementation. Beginning with diffusion theory, which inspired much of public health's work on dissemination, we compare diffusion, dissemination, and implementation with related notions that have served other fields in bridging science and practice. Finally, we suggest ways to blend diffusion with other theory and evidence in guiding a more decentralized approach to dissemination and implementation in public health, including changes in the ways we produce the science itself.
Clothing a model of embodiment
Authors: Kevin A. Pelphrey, J. Steven Reznick
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2001)

By delineating the parametric variations that affect infant performance in the standard A-not-B search task, the Thelen et al. model provides an important contribution to the field of infant development. We discuss several broad issues pertinent to interpreting the model. We note that the phenomenon modeled by Thelen et al. is not necessarily the one originally described by Piaget. We describe data on infant self-correction that are not addressed by the Thelen et al. model. Finally, we suggest that psychological constructs such as representation and knowledge structures are valuable to our understanding of the A-not-B phenomenon in particular and psychological development in general.
Reciprocal interference between insulin and interferon-alpha signaling in hepatic cells: A vicious circle of clinical significance?
Authors: Lisa Franceschini, Stefano Realdon, Moira Marcolongo, Silvia Mirandola, Gladis Bortoletto, Alfredo Alberti
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

Insulin resistance (IR) is common in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and associates with reduced virological response to pegylated-interferon (PEG-IFN)/ribavirin therapy, but the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. We have previously shown that, in CHC patients, insulin plasma levels are inversely related to antiviral effect induced by PEG-IFN. Therefore, we investigated the in vitro effect of insulin on interferon alpha (IFN-α) intracellular signaling as well as that of IFN-α on insulin signaling. HepG2 cells, preincubated with or without insulin, were stimulated with IFN-α2b and messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) were measured at different timepoints. The role of intracellular suppressors of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) was evaluated with the small interfering RNA (siRNA) strategy. To assess the effect of IFN-α on insulin signaling, HepG2 were preincubated with or without IFN before addition of insulin and cells were then analyzed for IRS-1 and for Akt/PKB Ser473 phosphorylation. Insulin (100 and 1000 nM) significantly reduced in a dose-dependent fashion IFN-induced gene expression of PKR (P=0.017 and P=0.0017, respectively), MxA (P=0.0103 and P=0.00186), and 2'-5' oligoadenylatesynthetase 1 (OAS-1) (P=0.002 and P=0.006). Insulin also reduced IFN-α-induced PKR protein expression. Although insulin was confirmed to increase SOCS3 expression, siRNA SOCS3 did not restore ISG expression after insulin treatment. IFN-α was found to reduce, in a dose-dependent fashion, IRS-1 gene expression as well as Akt/PKB Ser473 phosphorylation induced by insulin.These results provide evidence of reciprocal interference between insulin and IFN-α signaling in liver cells. These findings may contribute to understand the role of insulin in CHC: IR might be favored by endogenous cytokines including IFN-α, and the resulting hyperinsulinemia then reduces the antiviral response to exogenous IFN in a vicious circle of clinical significance.
Recidivism in sports related injuries in primary care
Authors: F Baarveld
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2004)

Involvement in top sports challenges the body’s physical faculties to the limit. Surpassing these limits may cause sports related injuries. However, these injuries occur among participants of all sports at large. Once a sports related injury has manifested itself, subsequent recovery incorporates a real probability of future relapse.

The expansion of an aging population participating in non-organised sports is likely to produce an increase in the …
An immunogenetic study of familial scleroderma.
Authors: M D de Juan, J Belzunegui, I Belmonte, J Barado, M Figueroa, J Cancio, S Vidal, E Cuadrado
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1994)

OBJECTIVE--To study the role of the HLA system in the genetic susceptibility to familial systemic sclerosis (SSc). METHODS--HLA class I antigens were determined by classic serological methods and HLA-DRB, -DQA and -DQB genes were analysed by genetic typing in 36 individuals belonging to two families with several individuals affected by SSc. RESULTS--The results did not show any association of the inheritance to SSc with any particular HLA allele in these families but revealed a striking frequency of ANA autoantibodies in healthy spouses of the members of these families. CONCLUSION--The otherwise infrequent familial incidence of SSc does not appear to be primarily linked to the HLA system in this study but it is suggested that other unknown exogenous environmental factors could be implicated in the development of the disease in families.
EULAR evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis
Authors: W Zhang, M Doherty, G Peat, M A Bierma-Zeinstra, N K Arden, B Bresnihan, G Herrero-Beaumont, S Kirschner, B F Leeb, L S Lohmander, B Mazières, K Pavelka, L Punzi, A K So, T Tuncer, I Watt, J W Bijlsma
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2009)

Objective To develop evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods The multidisciplinary guideline development group, representing 12 European countries, generated 10 key propositions regarding diagnosis using a Delphi consensus approach. For each recommendation, research evidence was searched systematically. Whenever possible, the sensitivity, specificity and likelihood ratio were calculated for individual diagnostic indicators and a diagnostic ladder was developed using Bayes' method. Secondary analyses were undertaken to test directly the recommendations using multiple predictive models in two populations from the UK and the Netherlands. Strength of recommendation was assessed by the EULAR visual analogue scale. Results Recommendations covered the definition of knee OA and its risk factors, subsets, typical symptoms and signs, the use of imaging and laboratory tests and differential diagnosis. Three symptoms (persistent knee pain, limited morning stiffness and reduced function) and three signs (crepitus, restricted movement and bony enlargement) appeared to be the most useful. Assuming a 12.5% background prevalence of knee OA in adults aged ≥45 years, the estimated probability of having radiographic knee OA increased with increasing number of positive features, to 99% when all six symptoms and signs were present. The performance of the recommendations in the study populations varied according to the definition of knee OA, background risk and number of tests applied. Conclusion 10 key recommendations for diagnosis of knee OA were developed using both research evidence and expert consensus. Although there is no agreed reference standard, thorough clinical assessment alone can provide a confident rule-in diagnosis.
Comparative value of Doppler echocardiography and B-type natriuretic peptide assay in the etiologic diagnosis of acute dyspnea
Authors: Damien Logeart, Carole Saudubray, Pascale Beyne, Gabriel Thabut, Pierre-Vladimir Ennezat, Christophe Chavelas, Caroline Zanker, Erik Bouvier, Alain Cohen Solal
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
MDR1 Gene Expression: Its Effect on Drug Resistance to Doxorubicin in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Lines
Authors: J.-G. Park, S.-K. Lee, I.-G. Hong, H.-S. Kim, K.-H. Lim, K.-J. Choe, W.-H. Kim, Y.-I. Kim, T. Tsuruo, M. M. Gottesman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1994)

Hepatic tumors are resistant to many chemotherapeutic agents. Although elevated MDR1 (also known as PGY1) gene expression has been shown in such tumors, no direct association has been established between the gene expression and multidrug resistance. Purpose : To evaluate the role of the MDR1 gene in the drug resistance of hepatoma, we tested nine human hepatoma cell lines for their expression of the MDR1 gene. Methods : We measured the MDR1 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression by RNA slot-blot analysis and by immunocytochemical staining with a P-glycoprotein-specific monoclonal antibody, MRK16. The in vitro chemosensitivity of these cell lines to fluorouracil, doxorubicin, mitomy-cin C, cisplatin, and etoposide (VP-16) was determined using the MTT (3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyltetra-zolium bromide) colorimetric assay. For doxorubicin cytotoxicity, we also tested the potentiating effect of several multidrug resistance-reversing agents. Results : Slot-blot analysis and im-munocytochemistry showed that two cell lines expressed high levels of MDR1 mRNA, one expressed an intermediate level, and all others were low expressors. The MTT assay results showed that all cell lines tested were generally resistant to chemotherapeutic agents. The assay area under the curve (AUC) was within a clinically achievable range only for VP-16 in one of nine cell lines. When the IC 50 values were compared among the cell lines, the results revealed a close association with the MDR1 gene expression only for doxorubicin resistance. Verapamil and quinidine lowered the IC 50 values of doxorubicin for MDR1-positive cell lines. The lowered assay AUC levels for both reversing agents, however, were still higher than the clinically achievable range. Conclusion : These results indicate that the MDR1 gene probably has a role in doxorubicin resistance in hepatocel-lular carcinoma and that the resistance can be overcome by some multidrug resistance-reversing agents. Implications : Some widely used anticancer agents might be ineffective for treating hepatocellular carcinoma in clinical situations even when combined with reversing agents. [J Natl Cancer Inst 86: 700–705, 1994]