tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Quantitation of Human Thymus-Leukemia-Associated Antigen in Established Hematopoietic Cell Lines by Radioimmunoassay2
Authors: Boris E. Chechik, Jun Minowada
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

A competitive radioimmunoassay for a saline-soluble human thymus-leukemia-associated antigen (HThy-L) was applied for quantitation of this antigen in leukemia and normal hematopoietic cell lines. Highly increased quantities of HThy-L were detected in all T-cell leukemia lines tested, regardless of the presence or absence of receptors for sheep erythrocytes. This elevated level of HThy-L in combination with high terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase and adenosine deaminase activities and the presence of a T-lymphocyte-specific surface antigen appear to represent stable phenotypic characteristics of T-cell lines. Most normal B-cell lines had low quantities of HThy-L. The level of HThy-L was slightly elevated in a considerable number of lymphoma B-cell lines and in all non-T, non-B leukemia cell lines tested. No relationship existed between quantities of HThy-L and an expression of different surface immunoglobulin isotypes in B-cell lines. Low quantities of HThy-L were detected in leukemia myeloid and myeloma cell lines as well as in B-cell leukemia lines originating from patients with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Apparently, the increased quantities of HThy-L in T-cell leukemia lines may be related to certain stages of T-cell differentiation at which leukemia cell transformation occurs.
Validation of the revised international prognostic score of thrombosis for essential thrombocythemia (<scp>IPSET</scp>‐thrombosis) in 585 Mayo clinic patients
Authors: Mahnur Haider, Naseema Gangat, Terra Lasho, Ahmed K. Abou Hussein, Yoseph C. Elala, Curtis Hanson, Ayalew Tefferi
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2016)

The primary objective of treatment in essential thrombocythemia (ET) is to prevent thromboembolic complications. In this regard, advanced age and thrombosis history have long distinguished "low" from "high" risk patients. More recently, JAK2V617F and cardiovascular (CV) risk factors were identified as additional modifiers, leading to the development of a 3-tiered International Prognostic Score of Thrombosis for ET (IPSET-thrombosis): "low," "intermediate," and "high". The international data set used to develop IPSET-thrombosis was recently re-analyzed in order to quantify the additional pro-thrombotic effect of JAK2V617F and CV risk factors in specific risk subcategories. The revised IPSET-thrombosis identified four risk categories based on three adverse variables (thrombosis history, age >60 years and JAK2V617F): very low (no adverse features), low (presence of JAK2V617F), intermediate (age >60 years) and high (presence of thrombosis history or presence of both advanced age and JAK2V617F). In this study of 585 patients with ET (median age 68 years; 61% female), we validated the revised IPSET-thrombosis by confirming significant differences in thrombosis risk between "very low" and "low" (HR 2.4, 95% CI 1.1 - 5.3) and between "intermediate" and "high" (HR 2.3, 95% CI 1.1 - 5.2) risk patients. Furthermore, in multivariable analysis, only JAK2V617F (HR=1.8, CI= 1.07 - 2.94) and history of thrombosis (HR=2.1, CI= 1.20 - 3.58) were independently predictive of future thrombotic events. The revised IPSET-thrombosis needs confirmation in prospective studies, especially in terms of risk-adapted therapy that includes the need for aspirin therapy in very low risk, twice-daily aspirin therapy for low risk and cytoreductive therapy for low or intermediate risk patients.
Allogeneic stem cell immunotherapy for advanced metastatic breast cancer
Authors: J. El Cheikh, A. Goncalves, B. Esterni, S. Furst, C. Faucher, C. Chabannon, G. Gravis, J. Extra, P. Viens, D. Blaise
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e12012 Background: Despite continuous progress, advanced breast cancer (ABC) remains an incurable disease. Immunotherapy using allogeneic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) has been proven successful in malignant hematological diseases. We have investigated ASCT as a possible way of improving tumor control in ABC. Methods: Between 1998 and 2008, 21 ABC pts underwent ASCT after the same reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) based on fludarabine, busulfan and ATG or low dose irradiation from a HLA-identical sibling. Results: Pre-treatment characteristics of pts receiving ASCT were the following: ER or PR +, 79%; HER-2+, 27%; liver metastasis, 48%; adjuvant chemotherapy, 90%; median number of metastatic sites, 2 (1–4); 95% have received anthracyclines and/or taxanes; 71% have received endocrine therapy; 48% received more than 2 lines of cytotoxics; median age at transplant was 39 years (range 22–57). At time of transplant, 48% pts had progressive disease (PD), and 52% pts had a stable disease (SD). All pts engrafted and none died from transplant related mortality. While outcome was uniformly poor for pts with PD (no response and no surviving pt at 2 years), pts with SD achieved a 36% response rate (p = 0.09) and a 55% (CI95%, 28–79%) overall survival (OS) probability at 2 years (p = 0.001). To better assess the impact of ASCT, we looked for control group. During the same period, a total of 93 pts were searched for a HLA match sibling: 41 pts had an identified donor while 52 had no donor (group A). Of those 41 pts with a donor, 21 proceeded to transplant (group C) and 20 did not (group B). Reasons for not proceeding to transplant when a donor was found were: disease progression: 12 pts; patient decision: 6 pts; referring MD decision: 2pts. Progression-free survivals (PFS) were assessed from the first day of the last therapy immediately preceding HLA typing. Median PFS were 7.4 (CI95%, 6.2–12.4), 5.7 (CI95%, 4.6–12.8), and 18.2 (CI95%, 12.9–30.7) months for groups A, B, and C, respectively and were strikingly different between the 3 groups (p = 0.014). OS were not different. Conclusions: ASCT can be safely performed in ABC and may provide an outcome advantage to selected pts deserving further investigations. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Expression of PDGF and PDGF receptor mRNA in glomeruli in IgA nephropathy.
Authors: Y Terada, T Yamada, O Nakashima, S Sasaki, H Nonoguchi, K Tomita, F Marumo
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1997)

This study investigated the mRNA expression of the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) A-chain and B-chain and PDGF-beta receptor in glomeruli of 15 immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy kidneys and those with minimal-change lesion (N = 7), membranous nephropathy (N = 3), and focal segmental glomerulonephritis (N = 5), by using competitive RT-PCR methods. The level of PDGF B-chain and beta receptor mRNA expression in IgA nephropathy was significantly higher than in the other forms of glomerulonephritis, but mRNA expressions of PDGF A-chain were not significantly different. Significant correlations were observed between the urinary protein level and the mRNA level of PDGF-beta receptor expression and PDGF B-chain expression, and between the serum creatinine level and the mRNA level of PDGF-beta receptor expression. The PDGF B-chain and beta-receptor may be upregulated and accelerate cell proliferation in a paracrine or autocrine manner and may play a role in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy.
Reply to Yi Zhou, Weigang Yan, and Hanzhong Li's Letter to the Editor re: Eduard Baco, Erik Rud, Lars Magne Eri, et al. A Randomized Controlled Trial to Assess and Compare the Outcomes of Two-core Prostate Biopsy Guided by Fused Magnetic Resonance and Transrectal Ultrasound Images and Traditional 12-core Systematic Biopsy. Eur Urol 2016;69:149–56
Authors: Eduard Baco, Erik Rud, Ljiljana Vlatkovic
Journal: European Urology (2016)
Continued Hypertension
Authors: R. H. Smithwick
Journal: BMJ (1948)

unselected patients having so-called essential or malignant hypertension of the continuous variety were treated surgically.A thorough denervation of the splanchnic bed was performed in two stages spaced eight to ten days apart, utilizing the lumbo- dorsal (thoraco-lumbar) technique (Smithwick, 1940).The purpose of this communication is to discuss the present status of these patients, all ofQ whom were operated upon at least five and at most nine and a half years ago.This report deals with 256 patients, or 97.3% of the total material; the other seven cases could not be traced.The investigation was prompted by the high mortality rate'for patients in the later stages of hypertensive cardiovascular disease.Method of Study The cardiovascular status of these patients was evaluated before and after operation as carefully as possible, with particular reference to the cerebral, retinal, cardiac, and renal areas.The eyegrounds were examined and described by an ophthalmologist and classified into grades or groups conforming as closely as possible with those of Keith, Wagener, and Barker (1939).The heart was studied by means of the electrocardiogram and x-ray films, and evalu- ated clinically by a cardiologist.Information regarding the kidney was obtained by means of urinalysis, concentra- tion tests, intravenous phenolsulphonphthalein excretion, with particular reference to the output in the first 15 minutes and the total output in two hours, and non-protein nitrogen determination.Intravenous pyelograms were obtained as a routine.Further information was obtained by gross inspection and, in some patients, by biopsies of the kidneys at the time of operation.A special attempt has been made to acquire certain blood- pressure data on all patients in a standard fashion.These were obtained by performing a so--called postural and cold test, a modification of the Hines-Brown (Hines and Brown, 1933) cold test, after a period of two days of physical inactivity and bed rest.Patients whose diastolic blood pressure fell to below 90 mm.during this preliminary rest period were not included in this series, but were classified as having intermittent hypertension, which is regarded as an earlier stage of the disorder.The postural and cold test is nerformed in a quiet room after a rest period of 15 or 30 minutes on a comfortable bed.Readings of pulse and blood pressure are taken every minute for five minutes with the patient first lying, then sitting, then standing.When the average of the five readings in each position is calculated, the figure for the resting horizontal
Book: Rationing---Talk and Action in Health Care
Authors: G. Winyard
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Ed Bill New King's Fund and BMJ Books, £25, pp 261 ISBN 0 7279 1180 5 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img> ![Graphic][2]</img> This is a book from a group with a mission. The members of the Rationing Agenda Group wish to promote “a continuing, broad and deep debate about rationing in the NHS.” Their book shows, sometimes unintentionally, how difficult this may be to achieve. The topic could not be more topical, and, by bringing together many of the “big names” in the rationing debate to explore key issues and dilemmas, the book provides a single … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif
Genetic risk factors for meat wrapper's asthma
Authors: Olga Vasilyeva, Elena Kulemina, Marya Kolyaskina
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

The fumes of polyvinylchloride (PVC) wrap cause respiratory difficulties and meat wrapper's asthma.

The pathophysiologic mechanism for this malady is not clearly understood. Antioxidant enzymes constitute the endogens defence from toxic products. The M and T classes of glutathione S-transferase play the important role in the response to oxidative stress in the lung.

This study

Aims: To investigate GSTM1 and GSTT- polymorphism in association with bronchial responsiveness and development of asthma in meat wrappers (MW).

Methods: 45 MW and 77 workers of another trades in meat processing and packing factory, both male and female, mean age 40.1 yrs were examined at the workplace. Respiratory symptoms were recorded on a questionnaire. Lung function tests and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were performed during the shift and out of the work. Blood was collected to determine GSTM1 and GSTT genotypes (PCR).

Results: Airway hyperresponsiveness (AH) and asthma symptoms were recorded in 18 out of 45 (40%) MW after the exposure to PVC fumes, as compared to other workers (19 of 77, 15.6%) p < 0.002. The high prevalence of GSTM1 and GSTT – null genotypes were noticed in 35.5% and 11.8% MW respectively. 7.9% of MW had both deletion of GSTM1 and GSTT. The deletion of the entire genes and absence of the enzymes were associated positively with decreases in FEV1 and PEF (r = 0.67; 0.78) and varied according to the length of service.

Conclusion: Our data suggest that the GSTM1 and GSTT – null genotypes are associated with the higher susceptibility to PVC-induced AH and development of asthma.
Junior contract will be imposed, Hunt announces
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2016)

A new contract will be imposed on junior doctors in England, the health secretary has announced.

Speaking in the House of Commons on Thursday 11 February, Jeremy Hunt said that David Dalton, the government’s chief negotiator during negotiations, had said that a breakdown of negotiations meant that a negotiated agreement was unlikely to be reached.

Hunt said that Dalton had asked him to “end the uncertainty” and proceed in introducing a new contract for junior doctors, which Dalton considered to be safer for patients and fair for junior doctors. “I have therefore today decided to do that,” Hunt said.

He said that, under the new contract, the maximum hours in a week that junior doctors could work would reduce from 91 to 72 and the number of nights from seven to four, and that the maximum consecutive days a junior doctor could work would reduce from seven to five.

“We will also introduce a new guardian role into every trust, who will have the authority to impose fines for breaches to agreed working hours, based on excess hours worked,” he said.

Hunt said that the …
A Phase 1 Study of Azacitidine (AZA) in Combination with Fludarabine and Cytarabine in Relapse/Refractory Childhood Leukemia: A Therapeutic Advances in Childhood Leukemia &amp; Lymphoma (TACL) Study
Authors: Weili Sun, Paul S Gaynon, Richard Sposto, Henrique Bittencourt, Andrew E. Place, Yoav H Messinger, Chris Fraser, Luciano Dalla-Pozza, Jeannette van der Giessen, Elena Eckroth, Xiaojing Yang, Gangning Liang, Peter A. Jones, Alan S. Wayne, Todd Cooper
Journal: Blood (2014)
DNA insertions as a component of the evolution of unique satellite DNA families in two genera of parasitoid wasps: Diadromus and Eupelmus (Hymenoptera).
Authors: D Rojas-Rousse, Y Bigot, G Periquet
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1993)

In the two parasitoid wasps, Diadromus collaris and Eupelmus orientalis, the satellite DNAs were each found to consist wholly or largely of a single family (5%-7% of the genome). Several clones of each family were obtained and sequenced. The repeat unit in each species is characterized by both the repetition of a basic motif and the presence of an inserted sequence. Sequence comparisons with satellite DNA from D. pulchellus and E. vuilleti provide plausible scenarios for the evolution of the satellite DNA in each genus. Palindromes and A-rich tracts in each consensus sequence suggest the formation, in vivo, of hairpin structures and bend centers that may play a role in heterochromatin condensation in insects. The insertions in the repeat units of each species also contain these structural features, suggesting that maintenance of these insertions requires constraints similar to those pertaining to the rest of the satellite-DNA unit.
Awareness and referral to a hospital-based smoking cessation (SC) clinic (SCC)
Authors: Eva Campos-Pereira, Mariana Batista, J.M. Calheiros, S.B. Ravara
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Aim : To access smokers9 awareness of and types of referral to a hospital-based SCC in a medium-sized Portuguese city; to analyze smokers9 previous quit attempts.  Methods : Cross-sectional study. Structured questionnaires systematically applied to smokers during clinical visits. Descriptive and inferential analysis using Chi-square/MacNemar/t student/Mann-Whitney tests.  Results : Participants: 300 smokers, 68.7% males, mean age 47.7 ±11.97 years; mean duration of smoking: 30.27± 12.36 years; 65.8% hospital-referrals, 34.2% community smokers. Smokers became aware of SCC through a physician (63.4%); friends/family (24.7%); media (3.5%) and hospital signage (2.0%); 50.7% were self-referrals; others physicians-referrals (mostly pulmonologists/cardiologists/internal medicine). Two smokers were referred by GPs; none by community-pharmacists. Most smokers reported at least one previous attempt, remaining abstinent on average less than a year; 38.7% quitted ”cold turkey”; 20.0% quitted during hospital stay (also “cold turkey”); 29.9% received some SC support on their previous attempt (community pharmacists: 70.1%; physician: 20.9%; other HCP: 6.0%; physician+ nurse: 3.0%). Community smokers reported lower duration of smoking, higher education and became aware of SCC through social networks.  Conclusion : There is room for improvement regarding SC network referral through: multidisciplinary training on brief advice/referral for all HCPs, especially nurses/GPs/community pharmacists; integration of SC in chronic diseases care; use of hospital signage; engaging community and encouraging more smokers to quit earlier through media/social networks/internet/ community-pharmacists; reimbursement of SC pharmacotherapy.
Dose-escalation study of carboplatin (day 1) and cisplatin (day 3): Tolerance and relation to leukocyte and buccal cell platinum-DNA adducts
Authors: I. Gill, F.M. Muggia, P.M.A.B. Terheggen, C. Michael, R.J. Parker, V. Kortes, S. Grunberg, M.C. Christian, E. Reed, L. den Engelse
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1991)
Abstract 18465: Real World Comparison of Major Bleeding Risk Among Non-valvular Atrial Fibrillation Patients Newly Initiated on Warfarin versus Apixaban 5mg BID, Dabigatran 150 mg BID, or Rivaroxaban 20 mg QD
Authors: Shital Kamble, Xianying Pan, Hemant Phatak, Hugh Kawabata, Cristina Masseria, Jack Mardekian, Amanda Bruno, Gregory Y Lip
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Aim: Limited data are available on the real-world safety of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs). The study purpose was to compare the first major bleeding event risk among non valvular atrial fibrillation patients (NVAF) patients newly initiated on dose-adjusted warfarin versus apixaban 5mg BID, dabigatran 150mg BID, or rivaroxaban 20 mg QD. Methods: Retrospective cohort study was conducted using MarketScan® commercial &amp; Medicare supplemental database from 01/2012 to 12/2013. NVAF patients 18+ years with ≥1 year baseline and newly prescribed oral anticoagulant from 01/01/2013 to 12/31/2013 were included. Major bleeding was defined as bleeding requiring hospitalization on the index drug during the supply duration or within 30 days after the last supply day of the last prescription. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the hazard ratios (HR) of major bleeding adjusted for age, sex, baseline comorbidities and comedications. Results: Among 26,604 patients, 2,057 (7.73%) were newly initiated on apixaban 5mg, 3,768 (14.16%) on dabigatran 150mg, 8,066 (30.32%) on rivaroxaban 20mg and 12,713 (47.79%) on warfarin. Patients initiating warfarin (72.5±11.9 yrs) and apixaban 5mg (67.0±11.4 yrs) were older as compared to rivaroxaban 20mg (65.2±11.4 yrs) and dabigatran 150mg (65.4±11.5 yrs). Patients initiating warfarin had higher CHA 2 DS 2- VASc score (3.22±1.65) and Charlson comorbidity index score (2.37±2.33) (P &lt;0.0001 across all treatments) as compared to those initiating NOACs. After adjusting for baseline characteristics, patients newly initiated on apixaban 5mg BID had significantly lower risk of major bleeding (HR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.29-0.97, P=0.0399) as compared to those initiated on warfarin (Table). Conclusion: Among newly anticoagulated NVAF patients in the real world setting, as compared to dose adjusted warfarin, only patients initiating on apixaban 5mg BID were associated with significantly lower risk of major bleeding.
Risk of gastrointestinal perforation in patients with metastatic breast cancer treated with bevacizumab: A meta-analysis.
Authors: N. Ramirez Merino, V. Calvo, M. Vidal, M. Bellet, J. Perez, A. Llombart-Cussac, H. Cortes-Funes, D. Miles, J. Baselga, J. Cortes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

1091 Background: Bevacizumab, a vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor, has shown to be active in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) as first or second line therapy. In some tumor types, the addition of bevacizumab to chemotherapy increase the risk of gastrointestinal (GI) perforation compared with controls. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials was to assess the overall risk of GI perforation associated with bevacizumab in MBC. Methods: We selected all randomized trials which compared chemotherapy with or without bevacizumab in MBC. For the analysis, we used a fixed-effects and random effects models to calculate the pooled event-based relative risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). The Cochran's Q statistic and I2 statistics were first calculated to assess the heterogeneity among the proportions of the included trials. For this study, we collected all events as reported in these trials. We did not consider differences in grade or outcomes. Results: Five trials were included in the meta-analysis: E2100, AVADO, RIBBON-1, RIBBON-2, and AVF-2119g. In total, 2,368 patients received bevacizumab-based therapy and 1,416 chemotherapy alone. GI perforation was reported in 9 and 3 patients, respectively. There was no statistical heterogeneity (p=0.532) considering all trials, so the fixed-effects model was used. Patients treated with bevacizumab-containing regimens had a RR for GI perforation, of 1.172 (95% CI, 0.342-4.016; p=0.801). Conclusions: GI perforation is an uncommon finding in patients with MBC treated with chemotherapy in the first or second line. According to this meta-analysis, the addition of bevacizumab to chemotherapy was not associated with a significant increase risk of GI perforation in this population. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A Simplified Isotopic Antiglobulin Assay: Detection of Tumor-Cell Antigens2
Authors: James F. Burdick, Alfred M. Cohen, Samuel A. Wells
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

An adaptation of the indirect isotopic antiglobulin test was described for use on a microscale with cell monolayers. The ease of washing greatly simplified the technique. Antibody against the tumor-specific surFace antigens of a carcinogen-induced murine sarcoma was detected with high sensitivity.
Imaging Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Recent Advances of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography with SonoVue®
Authors: Veronica Salvatore, Alice Gianstefani, Giulia Negrini, Giulia Allegretti, Marzia Galassi, Fabio Piscaglia
Journal: Liver Cancer (2015)

Due to the ability to detect the typical contrast-imaging pattern for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), that is hyperenhancement in the arterial phase and hypoenhancement in the late phase on a cirrhotic background, contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) was included in the American diagnostic algorithm for HCC in 2005. However, its role has been questioned because of the possibility of misdiagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma. The present review aims to describe the advantages and disadvantages of CEUS applications using Sonovue® for HCC. In particular there is focus on the accuracy of CEUS in detecting the typical HCC pattern, the CEUS patterns of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), the risk of misdiagnosis with HCC, the diagnostic use of CEUS in cases of locoregional and systemic treatments, and the evaluation of response to antiangiogenic treatment using dedicated software.