tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Breastfeeding and Disease-Modifying Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis—Reply
Authors: Kerstin Hellwig, Annette M. Langer-Gould
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2016)

In Reply Choudhary and Vinny raised the question about whether a difference in disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) among the women exclusively breastfed compared with those who did not breastfeed exclusively could have introduced bias to the results.1 We thank them for asking this question.
Abstract 328: Critical Role For Intra-mitochondrial NADPH Generation For Survival After Cardiac Arrest: Studies In The Nicotinamide Nucleotide Transhydrogenase Deficit Mouse
Authors: Joshua W Lampe, Tong Da, Mary A Selak, Meagan J McManus, Douglas C Wallace, Lance B Becker
Journal: Circulation (2013)

INTRODUCTION: The loss of the mitochondrial nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (NNT) reduces antioxidant capacity within the mitochondrial compartment, is associated with cardiovascular, endocrine, and inflammatory disease states, but has not been evaluated for a role in reperfusion injury following cardiac arrest. The NNT-/- deficient mutant mouse becomes NADPH depleted during stress and provides an ideal model for studying stress induced antioxidant deficiency during reperfusion after cardiac arrest. HYPOTHESIS: Due to oxidant stress during reperfusion of initially successfully resuscitated NNT-/- mice, there will be rapid cardiovascular deterioration mimicking reperfusion injury, and evidence of impaired metabolism and activation of injury cascades. METHODS: Using a well described mouse hyperkalemic cardiac arrest model, we induced arrest for 8 min followed by attempted resuscitation in C57BL6N NNT+/+ wild type (N=8) and NNT-/- (N=9) mice. Our primary outcome was survival to 240 min. Tissue and plasma samples were obtained after the 240 minutes or at death. Additional animals were studied at 100 min post arrest to provide time-matched comparisons. Assays were performed for lactate, total antioxidant capacity, circulating Cytochrome c, cleaved caspase-3, and Parkin protein levels. RESULTS: All animals were initially resuscitated but significant differences in 240-min survival rate were observed for NNT+/+ (8/8) versus NNT-/- (3/9) mice; p&lt;0.005. Early accelerated death was seen in the NNT-/- mice. Elevations in lactate and circulating Cytochrome c were observed in all animals. However, in the NNT-/- mice total antioxidant capacity was decreased and cleaved caspase-3 and Parkin protein was increased. Conclusions: NNT-/- deficiency creates a phenotype of signifcant early death during reperfusion, associated with increased apoptosis, Parkin protein, and decreased antioxidant capacity. This reperfusion accelerated death mimics hemondynamic collapse seen in patients who initially survive cardiac arrest but progress to death. Diminished NADPH generation within the mitochondrial compartment may be one pathway for reperfusion mediated injury and provides a potential new target for therapies after ischemia.
Nicotine clearance: genetic and environmental influences
Authors: S Sturney
Journal: Thorax (2009)

The renal clearances of nicotine and cotinine, its proximate metabolite, vary considerably between individuals. This twin study looked at the influences of genetic and environmental factors on renal clearance.

One hundred and ten monozygotic and 29 dizygotic healthy twin pairs with a mean age of 37.7 years were recruited. The group was predominantly female (69.9%) and Caucasian (76.1%). An intravenous infusion …
Abstract P022: Associations of Brain Natriuretic Peptide with Adipokines in African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study
Authors: Steven R Horbal, Abbas Smiley, Daniel Dibaba, Solomon K Musani, Michael E Hall, Herman A Taylor, Ervin R Fox, Aurelian Bidulescu
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is used to evaluate the presence and the severity of acute congestive heart failure (ACHF). Adipokines such as adiponectin and leptin have been associated with measures of left ventricular structure and function, and also with ACHF. As African Americans experience disproportionate prevalence and magnitude of cardiovascular risk factors, the objective of our study was to assess the relationship between these adipokines and BNP among African Americans. Methods: A total of 4,127 (63% female) African American participants from the Jackson Heart Study were recruited. Participants with end stage renal disease or with missing data were excluded from analysis. Multivariable adjusted linear models were used to determine the association between adipokines and BNP. Biomarkers were transformed by their natural logarithm to satisfy the normality assumption. Model 1 was adjusted for demographic factors, body mass index, glomerular filtration rate, diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Model 2 was additionally adjusted for echocardiographic measures. Model 3 was adjusted for those in Model 1 as well as aldosterone, renin and adiponectin or leptin. Sex stratified analyses were conducted for linear models. BNP was dichotomized by the threshold of 100 pg/mL and both adipokines were dichotomized by their 90th percentile. Multivariable adjusted logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratios for associations of adipokines and BNP. Results: Mean (SD) BNP levels were 18.19 (53.00) pg/mL in men and 19.14 (62.23) (t-test p=0.61). Mean (SD) adiponectin levels were 4,091.30 (3,406.40) ng/mL and 6,043.50 (3,406.50) ng/mL in men and women, respectively (t-test p&lt;0.01). Mean (SD) levels for leptin were 11.39 ng/mL (10.33) and 37.79 ng/mL (23.81)] in men and women, respectively (t-test p &lt;0.01). A direct association was observed between adiponectin and BNP (Model 1 β = 0.43 Model 2 β = 0.41, and Model 3 β = 0.35; all p &lt;0.001). For the relationship of leptin and BNP, an inverse association was observed (Model 1 β = -0.17, p &lt; 0.001; Model 2 β = -0.20, p &lt; 0.001; Model 3 β = - 0.07, p=0.047). Stratification by sex yielded similar results in Models 1 and 2, but significance was lost between leptin and BNP in Model 3. In logistic models, those in the highest decile had increased odds of elevated BNP in Model 1 [OR=2.29, 95% CI (1.33-3.94)] and Model 2 [OR=3.65, 95% CI (1.59-3.75)]. Statistical significance was lost after further adjustment. No associations were found significant in logistic models of leptin and BNP. Conclusions: Among African American participants, there was an inverse association between leptin and BNP and a direct association between adiponectin and BNP, indicative of a putatively complex compensatory association between these biomarkers.
The Search for Treatment of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
Authors: Alan Jobe
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
The role of allergen components for the diagnosis of latex-induced occupational asthma
Authors: O. Vandenplas, A. Froidure, U. Meurer, H.-P. Rihs, C. Rifflart, S. Soetaert, J. Jamart, C. Pilette, M. Raulf
Journal: Allergy (2016)

Background Recombinant Hevea brasiliensis (rHev b) natural rubber latex (NRL) allergen components have been developed to assess the patients' allergen sensitization profile and to improve the diagnosis of NRL allergy. Objective To examine whether the determination of specific IgE (sIgE) reactivity to a panel of recombinant allergen components would be helpful for diagnosing NRL-induced occupational asthma (OA) in predicting the outcome of a specific inhalation test. Methods sIgE levels to NRL extract and 12 recombinant NRL allergen components were assessed in 82 subjects with OA ascertained by a positive specific inhalation challenge (SIC) with NRL gloves and in 25 symptomatic subjects with a negative challenge. Results The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of a NRL-sIgE level ≥0.35 kUA/l as compared to the result of SICs were 94%, 48%, 86%, and 71%, respectively. The positive predictive value increased above 95% when increasing the cutoff value to 5.41 kUA/l. Subjects with a positive SIC showed a significantly higher rate of sIgE reactivity to rHev b 5, 6.01, 6.02, and 11 than those with a negative SIC. A sIgE sum score against rHev b 5 plus 6.01/6.02 ≥ 1.46 kUA/l provided a positive predictive value >95% with a higher sensitivity (79%) and diagnostic efficiency (Youden index: 0.67) as compared with a NRL-sIgE ≥5.41 kUA/l (49% and 0.41, respectively). Conclusion In suspected OA, high levels of sIgE against rHev b 5 combined with rHev b 6.01 or 6.02 are the most efficient predictors of a bronchial response to NRL.
HSA: integrating multi-track Hi-C data for genome-scale reconstruction of 3D chromatin structure
Authors: Chenchen Zou, Yuping Zhang, Zhengqing Ouyang
Journal: Genome biology (2016)

Genome-wide 3C technologies (Hi-C) are being increasingly employed to study three-dimensional (3D) genome conformations. Existing computational approaches are unable to integrate accumulating data to facilitate studying 3D chromatin structure and function. We present HSA ( http://ouyanglab.jax.org/hsa/ ), a flexible tool that jointly analyzes multiple contact maps to infer 3D chromatin structure at the genome scale. HSA globally searches the latent structure underlying different cleavage footprints. Its robustness and accuracy outperform or rival existing tools on extensive simulations and orthogonal experiment validations. Applying HSA to recent in situ Hi-C data, we found the 3D chromatin structures are highly conserved across various human cell types.
How frequently is subcutaneous central venous catheter care required to prevent luminal thrombosis?
Authors: H. Odabas, N. Özdemir, H. Abali, O. B. Oksuzoglu, M. Isik, B. Civelek, N. Zengin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e19587 Background: Subcutaneous central venous port cathaters (SCVPC) are of great importance in treatment of patients with malignancies since they provide secure vascular accesses. Our aim was to assess impact of long- term care on the frequency of endo-luminal thrombosis when they are not routinely used. Methods: Two hundred and seven patients who had not been on active chemotherapy through their SCVPC for at least 3 months were enrolled into the study. Those who received catheter care every 3 months or more frequently were assigned to the first group, and the others as the second group. The patients were physically examined for the thrombosis including port occlusion and signs of infection. Results: Median follow-up duration was 671 days (min:133, max:1712, IQR:625). Of all the patients, 49 (23.7%) were in the first group and 158 (76.3%) in the second group. Median maintenance frequency was 90 days (min:30, max:90) in the first group and 441.5 days (min:91, max:1630) in the second group. For both groups, port maintenance was done using 300 IU of unfractionated heparine. Neither lower doses of heparin nor less frequent port care did not led to port occlusion. The rate of symptomatic thrombus was 5% (10 patients), and asymptomatic was 9% (18 patients). Those patients who had received more than one lines of chemotherapy when compared to one line and those who had metastatic disease at the last control in comparison to nonmetastatic cases were found out to have thrombi more frequently (p = 0.04, p = 0.003, respectively). Thrombus was detected in 3 patients (6.4%) in the first group, and 25 patients (16.3%) in the second group (p:0.08). Conclusions: In the present study, we found out that there is no need for very frequent port care. Besides that, longer interval cares and lower doses of heparin may even be sufficient and safe since there was no important port occlusion problems and the rate of thrombosis were not statistically different between the groups. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Cell Interactions Between Epithelial and Mesenchymal Components in Primary Sheets of Fetal Rat Lung Cells, and the Effects of 3-Methylcholanthrene Treatment 2
Authors: Katsuhiko Indo, Richard B. Wilson
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

Journal Article Cell Interactions Between Epithelial and Mesenchymal Components in Primary Sheets of Fetal Rat Lung Cells, and the Effects of 3-Methylcholanthrene Treatment Get access Katsuhiko Indo, Katsuhiko Indo 3Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 42d St. and Dewey Ave., Omaha, Nebr. 68105 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Richard B. Wilson Richard B. Wilson 3Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 42d St. and Dewey Ave., Omaha, Nebr. 68105 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 57, Issue 6, December 1976, Pages 1333–1339, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/57.6.1333 Published: 01 December 1976 Article history Received: 18 February 1976 Revision received: 26 April 1976 Published: 01 December 1976
The relationship between PBMC secretion of IFN-alpha following TLR7 and TLR9 activation and lung function in COPD
Authors: Vijay Mistry, Mona Bafadhel, Sue McKenna, Sarah Terry, Christopher Brightling
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction: Viral and bacterial infections play a key role in exacerbations in COPD and have been implicated in the persistence of symptoms. The relationship of the inflammatory response to these airway pathogens at stable state and exacerbations is also poorly understood and how this may lead on to structural airway remodelling is poorly defined. We sought to investigate the relationship between clinical parameters in COPD and the  in vitro  response to TLR 7 & 9 activation.   Method: PBMCs were stimulated for 24h, with 10μM R848 and 1μM CpG, from healthy controls & COPD subjects. IFN-α release was measured in supernatant using ELISA kits.   Results: 37 COPD & 8 healthy control subjects were recruited. The mean (SD) FEV 1  (L) & FEV 1 /FVC of the COPD subjects was 1.32 (0.58) & 0.5 (0.13) respectively. There was no significant difference in IFN-α (pg/ml) release when comparing health 74 (30) to COPD 59 (42) (p=0.33) when stimulating TLR 7. TLR 9 stimulation gave a significant increase in IFN-α production in COPD 204 (106) vs health 114 (61) (p=0.003). TLR9 stimulation was significantly increased compared to TLR7 in COPD (p 1  (r=-0.46, p=0.005); FEV 1 % predicted (r=-0.37, p=0.024); FEV 1 /FVC (r=-0.39, p=0.002). TLR 9 stimulation had a significant negative correlation with gas exchange, KCO% predicted (r=-0.55, p   Conclusion: The release of IFN-α by PBMCs was increased in COPD compared to healthy controls following TLR 9, but not TLR 7 stimulation. The IFN-α release after TLR7 and 9 activation was related to lung function.
Cisplatin in gynecologic carcinosarcoma.
Authors: P H Willemse, J Bouma, H Hollema
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1992)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1992.10.8.1365 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 1634928 Cisplatin in gynecologic carcinosarcoma. P H WillemsexP H WillemseSearch for articles by this author , J BoumaxJ BoumaSearch for articles by this author , H HollemaxH HollemaSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1992.10.8.1365 PDF "Cisplatin in gynecologic carcinosarcoma.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 10(8), pp. 1365–1366© 1992 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Description of a randomised controlled trial of inhaled corticosteroid/fast-onset LABA reliever therapy in mild asthma
Authors: Richard Beasley, Ian Pavord, Alberto Papi, Helen K. Reddel, Tim Harrison, Guy B. Marks, Robert J. Hancox, Mark Weatherall
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2016)

This paper describes the rationale and design of the Novel START (Symbicort Turbuhaler Asthma Reliever Therapy) randomised controlled trial of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)/fast-onset long-acting β-agonist (LABA) reliever therapy in mild asthma. Description of a real world study of the novel ICS/fast-onset LABA reliever therapy regimen in mild asthma <http://ow.ly/WE3Yp>
Rates of single-copy DNA evolution in phalangeriform marsupials.
Authors: M S Springer, J A Kirsch
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1989)

DNA/DNA hybridization was used to investigate the relationships of taxa representing the phalangeriform marsupial families Acrobatidae, Burramyidae, Macropodidae, Petauridae, Phalangeridae, and Pseudocheiridae and (as an outgroup) the bandicoot family Peramelidae. In the course of this, a marked rate slowdown was noted in the burramyid lineage represented by Cercartetus caudatus; ANOVA (with Tukey's test) and F-ratio tests of both corrected and uncorrected data matrices confirmed this rate disparity. As burramyids are small, short-generation-time phalangeriforms, these data present a striking counterexample to the common view that rates of change in DNA sequences are inversely correlated with generation time.
New “managed access” process for Cancer Drugs Fund to go ahead, NHS England confirms
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2016)

NHS England has confirmed that from 1 July its Cancer Drugs Fund will operate on a “managed access” basis, meaning that it will fund anticancer drugs for up to two years while the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) assesses them.

Introduced in 2010, the fund pays for cancer treatments not recommended by NICE for routine use in the NHS. Such drugs include new treatments that NICE has yet to assess; drugs for rare cancers that are not being appraised by NICE; and drugs rejected by NICE because they were not deemed cost effective.

A recent report by the House of Commons Public Accounts Committee said that the fund needed “significant and urgent …
A meta-analysis comparing ProCore and standard fine-needle aspiration needles for endoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue acquisition
Authors: Ji Bang, Robert Hawes, Shyam Varadarajulu
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

<b>Background and study aims:</b> To overcome the limitations associated with cytology, a uniquely designed needle (ProCore) was introduced in an effort to obtain a core of tissue under endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) guidance. However, studies comparing the sample quality between ProCore and standard-design fine-needle aspiration (FNA) needles have yielded varying results. A systematic review and meta-analysis was therefore conducted to compare the performance of the ProCore and standard FNA needles when performing EUS-guided tissue acquisition. <b>Patients and methods:</b> MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched to identify all published manuscripts that compared the ProCore needle with standard FNA needles. Noncomparative and technical feasibility studies were excluded. The main outcome measures were diagnostic adequacy, diagnostic accuracy, acquisition of histological core tissue, and mean number of passes required to achieve a diagnosis when sampling solid lesions. <b>Results:</b> Nine studies (total 576 patients) met the inclusion criteria. There was no significant difference in diagnostic adequacy (75.2 % vs. 89.0 %, odds ratio [OR] 0.39, <i>P</i> = 0.23), diagnostic accuracy (85.8 % vs. 86.2 %, OR 0.88, <i>P</i> = 0.53) or rate of histological core specimen acquisition (77.7 % vs. 76.5 %, OR 0.94, <i>P</i> = 0.85) between the ProCore and standard FNA needles, respectively. The mean number of passes required for diagnosis, however, was significantly lower when using the ProCore needle (standardized mean difference – 1.2, <i>P</i> < 0.001). <b>Conclusions:</b> Current data do not demonstrate a significant difference between the ProCore and standard FNA needles for sample adequacy, diagnostic accuracy or acquisition of a core specimen. However, the ProCore needle establishes the diagnosis with fewer passes.
Comparative Tumor-Promoting Activities of Phenobarbital, Amobarbital, Barbital Sodium, and Barbituric Acid on Livers and Other Organs of Male F344/NCr Rats Following Initiation With &lt;italic&gt;N&lt;/italic&gt;-Nitrosodiethylamine&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: B A Diwan, J M Rice, M Ohshima, J M Ward, L F Dove
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

Tumor-promoting abilities of four barbiturates, phenobarbital [(PB) CAS: 50-06-6], amobarbital [(AB) CAS: 57-43-2], barbital sodium [(BB) CAS: 144-02-5], and barbituric acid [(BA) CAS: 67-52-7], on the development of neoplasms in livers and other organs of rats following initiation with N-nitrosodiethylamine [(DENA) CAS: 55-18-5] were compared. Four-week-old F344/NCr male rats were given a single ip injection of 75 mg DENA/kg body weight. Beginning 2 weeks later, they were given either tap water (group 1) or drinking water containing 500 ppm of PB (group 2), the sodium salt of BB (group 3), AB (group 4), or BA (group 5) for the remaining experimental period. Control groups (groups 6-10) received an ip injection of saline alone and 2 weeks later were given either tap water or drinking water containing barbiturates as listed above. Animals were sacrificed at either 52 weeks or 78 weeks. None of the barbiturates altered the growth and survival of animals. PB and BB increased liver weights and significantly enhanced the development of hepatocellular foci and hepatocellular adenomas at 52 weeks and hepatocellular foci, hepatocellular adenomas, and trabecular carcinomas at 78 weeks in DENA-treated rats. No such enhancing effects were observed with AB or BA. PB or BB did not significantly enhance the incidence of nonhepatic tumors at 52 weeks. However, at 78 weeks BB significantly enhanced the development of renal tubular adenomas and carcinomas, while PB enhanced the development of thyroid follicular cell neoplasms in DENA-treated rats. These results clearly showed that barbiturates exhibited structure-promoting activity relationships and that their promoting abilities were not restricted to liver alone. Substitution of both hydrogen atoms at the C-5 position of the pyrimidine ring by alkyl or aryl groups appears to be essential but not sufficient for tumor-promoting activity of barbiturates.