tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ten year outcome in a cohort of patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: health status, disease process, and damage
Authors: E Lindqvist
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2002)

<b>Objective:</b> To investigate outcome as measured by health status, disease process, and damage in an unselected group of patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) monitored prospectively for 10 years and to search for prognostic factors. <b>Patients and methods:</b> 183 patients with RA with disease duration &lt;2 years were assessed annually at a team care unit. Health status was measured by the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) and functional class. Disease process was assessed by clinical and laboratory measures of disease activity and evaluation of disease course. Damage was quantified as occurrence of major extra-articular manifestations and need for large joint replacements. Possible predictive factors were evaluated by logistic regression analyses. <b>Results:</b> 168/183 patients completed the entire follow up period. Of all 183 patients, 137 (75%) had been treated with disease modifying antirheumatic drugs and 84 (46%) with low dose oral glucocorticoids. After 10 years 158 patients (94%) managed daily life activities independently (functional class I–II). As measured by the HAQ 20% had almost no disability, 28% were mildly disabled, and 10% were seriously disabled. Median HAQ score had increased from 0.8 to 1.1 (p&lt;0.001). Disease activity was significantly reduced. 133 patients (79%) had a relapsing remitting disease course and 30 patients (18%) were in remission as defined by the American College of Rheumatology criteria. Thirty patients (17%) had undergone large joint replacements. Fifteen patients (8%) had developed major extra-articular complications. The HAQ score during the first three months predicted disability at 10 years with an odds ratio of 13.4. <b>Conclusions:</b> Prospective studies such as this give important knowledge of the variable long term prognosis of RA and provide necessary background information for clinical trials of new treatment modalities.
Blood Glucose Awareness Training (BGAT-2)
Authors: Daniel J. Cox, Linda Gonder-Frederick, William Polonsky, David Schlundt, Boris Kovatchev, William Clarke
Journal: Diabetes Care (2001)

OBJECTIVE—Blood glucose awareness training (BGAT) has been shown to improve awareness of blood glucose (BG) fluctuations among adults with type 1 diabetes. This study investigates the long-term (12-month) benefits of BGAT-2. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—A total of 73 adults with type 1 diabetes participated in a 6-month repeated baseline design with a 12-month follow-up. At 6 months and 1 month before BGAT-2 and at 1, 6, and 12 months after BGAT-2, subjects used a handheld computer for 50 trials and completed psychological tests. Throughout assessment, subjects completed diaries, recording occurrences of diabetic ketoacidosis, severe hypoglycemia, and motor vehicle violations. During follow-up, 50% of the subjects received booster training. RESULTS—During the first and last halves of both the baseline period and the follow-up period, dependent variables were generally stable. However, from baseline to follow-up, BGAT-2 led to 1) improved detection of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia; 2) improved judgment regarding when to lower high BG, raise low BG, and not drive while hypoglycemic; 3) reduction in occurrence of diabetic ketoacidosis, severe hypoglycemia, and motor vehicle violations; and 4) improvement in terms of worry about hypoglycemia, quality of life, and diabetes knowledge. Reduction in severe hypoglycemia was not associated with a worsening of metabolic control (HbA1). The presence or absence of booster training did not differentially affect these benefits. CONCLUSION—BGAT has sustained broad-ranging benefits, independent of booster intervention.
Association Between Newborn Birth Weight and Prenatal Care for Cocaine Users
Authors: F. Andrew Morfesis
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —I must compliment Dr Racine and colleagues<sup>1</sup>on their statistical tour de force. I also compliment them on their honesty, particularly the fourth from last paragraph in the Comment section, which puts into doubt any conclusion from their data. In comparing groups of women who voluntarily do or do not pursue prenatal care, it seems a redundant conclusion that women who seek prenatal care are going to be more concerned about their health and are going to be more judicious in those areas of behavior that may affect the birth weight of their infant, even if they do use cocaine, than those who do not seek prenatal care. It seems more likely that the authors have really identified two different social strata of cocaine users, one more socially adapted than the other. Therefore, the conclusion that compelling women who are using cocaine to complete four prenatal
Copper vapour laser treatment of cafe-au-lait macules
Authors: KUNACHAK SOMYOS, KULAPRADITHAROM BOONCHU, KUNACHAKR SOMSAK, LEELAUDOMNITI PANADDA, J. LEOPAIRUT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Journal Article Copper vapour laser treatment of cafe‐au‐lait macules Get access KUNACHAK SOMYOS, KUNACHAK SOMYOS Department of Otolaryngology. Division of Laser Sargery. Ramathibodi Hospital. University School of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar KULAPRADITHAROM BOONCHU, KULAPRADITHAROM BOONCHU Department of Otolaryngology. Division of Laser Sargery. Ramathibodi Hospital. University School of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar KUNACHAKR SOMSAK, KUNACHAKR SOMSAK Division of Laser Surgery. Department of Cosmetic Surgery. Charoenkungpracharak Bangkok Metropolital Hospital. Bangkok. Thailand Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar LEELAUDOMNITI PANADDA, LEELAUDOMNITI PANADDA Department of Dermatology. Thainakarin Hospital. Bangkok. Thailand Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. LEOPAIRUT J. LEOPAIRUT Department of Pathology. Ramathibodi Hospital. Mahidol University School of Medicine. Bangkok. Thailand Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 135, Issue 6, 1 December 1996, Pages 964–968, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1996.d01-1103.x Published: 01 December 1996 Article history Accepted: 12 April 1996 Published: 01 December 1996
Dobutamine infusion in conscious dogs with and without acute myocardial infarction. Effects on systemic hemodynamics, myocardial blood flow, and infarct size.
Authors: C S Liang, J M Yi, L G Sherman, J Black, H Gavras, W B Hood
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

We infused dobutamine (20 microgram/kg per min) intravenously, once before and once after coronary artery occlusion, in 10 chronically instrumented dogs. Both infusions increased cardiac output and left ventricular dP/dt and dP/dt/P, but divergent effects on heart rate and aortic blood pressure were observed. Dobutamine decreased heart rate and increased mean aortic blood pressure before coronary artery occlusion, whereas after occlusion it increased heart rate while mean aortic blood pressure remained unchanged. A greater decrease in total peripheral vascular resistance occurred during dobutamine infusion after coronary artery occlusion than before. These differences may relate to withdrawal of enhanced sympathetic tone after coronary occlusion. Similar infusions of normal saline (n = 9) produced no systemic hemodynamic changes either before or after coronary artery occlusion. Myocardial blood flow increased to both non-ischemic and ischemic regions of the heart during dobutamine infusion, but the endocardial:epicardial blood flow ratio did not change significantly. In addition, infarct size, measured by nitroblue tetrazolium stain, was smaller in the dobutamine group (10 +/- 1 g) than in the normal saline group (15 +/- 2 g). Neither left ventricular weight nor risk zone differed between the two groups. These results indicate that dobutamine may be a useful inotropic agent during acute myocardial infarction.
Ximelagatran—Promises and Concerns
Authors: Victor Gurewich
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The future of the printed journal
Authors: P D. Kumar
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2005)

Jaundice as a presentation of heart failureAs many as 55% of 42 patients with severe congestive cardiac failure (CCF) (characterized by a cardiac index of 1.5 L/ min/m 2 or less) may have raised serum alkaline phosphatase, 1 yielding a prevalence of this liver enzyme derangement twice that documented by van Lingen et al. (September 2005 JRSM 2 ).Accordingly, jaundice and/or serum alkaline phosphatase hotline would be more informative than an exclusively jaundice hotline service for elucidating the distinguishing features (if any) of those patients in whom CCF co-exists with potentially treatable choledocholithiasis.This scenario is especially likely in the elderly, in whom the age-related nature of the two disorders 3,4 makes it increasingly likely that they will co-exist by pure chance; the confusion between the two disorders is compounded when co-prescription of warfarin is complicated either by idiosyncratic warfarin-related cholestasis 5 or by anticoagulant-related haemobilia. 6 I agree that correct evaluation of jugular venous pressure (JVP) is crucial to the differential diagnosis between CCFrelated jaundice and other causes of jaundice.[I would add that the time is long overdue for non-cardiology internists to abandon the so-called 'JVP raised to 2 cm' calibration so widely prevalent in the clerking of CCF patients].However, this is not the whole story.The biochemical stigmata of CCF-related jaundice can be indistinguishable from those of choledocholithiasis, 1 justifying a vigilant awareness of the possibility of the co-existence of the two disorders in every CCF patient in whom serum alkaline phosphatase of hepatic origin is elevated to twice or more of the upper limit of normal, irrespective of the severity of jaundice, and, possibly, even regardless of whether or not the patient is jaundiced. 7
Defecography in normal volunteers: results and implications.
Authors: P J Shorvon, S McHugh, N E Diamant, S Somers, G W Stevenson
Journal: Gut (1989)

Forty seven healthy young volunteers underwent defecographic examination to determine the range of normal findings. Normality was shown to encompass radiological features often considered pathological. These features included broad ranges of anorectal angle and pelvic floor descent which overlap with reported pathological states. Furthermore, the formation of rectocoeles during defecation was a very common finding in women. Finally, a subgroup of the volunteers had marginal anorectal function. The marginal anorectal function and certain radiological findings such as rectocoeles or intussusceptions may predispose to later problems, or contribute to clinical problems when combined with other factors such as dietary fibre deficiency. The radiological findings raise a number of questions with respect to different aspects of the functioning of the continence and defecation mechanisms.
Genetic Bases of Estrogen-Induced Tumorigenesis in the Rat: Mapping of Loci Controlling Susceptibility to Mammary Cancer in a Brown Norway × ACI Intercross
Authors: Beverly S. Schaffer, Cynthia M. Lachel, Karen L. Pennington, Clare R. Murrin, Tracy E. Strecker, Martin Tochacek, Karen A. Gould, Jane L. Meza, Rodney D. McComb, James D. Shull
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Exposure to estrogens is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. Our laboratory has shown that the ACI rat is uniquely susceptible to 17β-estradiol (E2)–induced mammary cancer. We previously mapped two loci, Emca1 and Emca2 (estrogen-induced mammary cancer), that act independently to determine susceptibility to E2-induced mammary cancer in crosses between the susceptible ACI rat strain and the genetically related, but resistant, Copenhagen (COP) rat strain. In this study, we evaluate susceptibility to E2-induced mammary cancer in a cross between the ACI strain and the unrelated Brown Norway (BN) rat strain. Whereas nearly 100% of the ACI rats developed mammary cancer when treated continuously with E2, BN rats did not develop palpable mammary cancer during the 196-day course of E2 treatment. Susceptibility to E2-induced mammary cancer segregated as a dominant or incompletely dominant trait in a cross between BN females and ACI males. In a population of 251 female (BN × ACI)F2 rats, we observed evidence for a total of five genetic determinants of susceptibility. Two loci, Emca4 and Emca5, were identified when mammary cancer status at sacrifice was evaluated as the phenotype, and three additional loci, Emca6, Emca7, and Emca8, were identified when mammary cancer number was evaluated as the phenotype. A total of three genetic interactions were identified. These data indicate that susceptibility to E2-induced mammary cancer in the BN × ACI cross behaves as a complex trait controlled by at least five loci and multiple gene-gene interactions. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(15): 7793-800)
Low incidence of new biochemical and clinical hypogonadism following hypofractionated stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) monotherapy for low- to intermediate-risk prostate cancer
Authors: Eric K Oermann, Simeng Suy, Heather N Hanscom, Joy S Kim, Sue Lei, Xia Yu, Guowei Zhang, Brook Ennis, JoyAnn P Rohan, Nathaniel Piel, Benjamin A Sherer, Devin Borum, Viola J Chen, Gerald P Batipps, Nicholas L Constantinople, Stephen W Dejter, Gaurav Bandi, John Pahira, Kevin G McGeagh, Lucile Adams-Campbell, Reena Jha, Nancy A Dawson, Brian T Collins, Anatoly Dritschilo, John H Lynch, Sean P Collins
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2011)

The CyberKnife is an appealing delivery system for hypofractionated stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) because of its ability to deliver highly conformal radiation therapy to moving targets. This conformity is achieved via 100s of non-coplanar radiation beams, which could potentially increase transitory testicular irradiation and result in post-therapy hypogonadism. We report on our early experience with CyberKnife SBRT for low- to intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients and assess the rate of inducing biochemical and clinical hypogonadism.Twenty-six patients were treated with hypofractionated SBRT to a dose of 36.25 Gy in 5 fractions. All patients had histologically confirmed low- to intermediate-risk prostate adenocarcinoma (clinical stage ≤ T2b, Gleason score ≤ 7, PSA ≤ 20 ng/ml). PSA and total testosterone levels were obtained pre-treatment, 1 month post-treatment and every 3 months thereafter, for 1 year. Biochemical hypogonadism was defined as a total serum testosterone level below 8 nmol/L. Urinary and gastrointestinal toxicity was assessed using Common Toxicity Criteria v3; quality of life was assessed using the American Urological Association Symptom Score, Sexual Health Inventory for Men and Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite questionnaires.All 26 patients completed the treatment with a median 15 months (range, 13-19 months) follow-up. Median pre-treatment PSA was 5.75 ng/ml (range, 2.3-10.3 ng/ml), and a decrease to a median of 0.7 ng/ml (range, 0.2-1.8 ng/ml) was observed by one year post-treatment. The median pre-treatment total serum testosterone level was 13.81 nmol/L (range, 5.55 - 39.87 nmol/L). Post-treatment testosterone levels slowly decreased with the median value at one year follow-up of 10.53 nmol/L, significantly lower than the pre-treatment value (p < 0.013). The median absolute fall was 3.28 nmol/L and the median percent fall was 23.75%. There was no increase in biochemical hypogonadism at one year post-treatment. Average EPIC sexual and hormonal scores were not significantly changed by one year post-treatment.Hypofractionated SBRT offers the radiobiological benefit of a large fraction size and is well-tolerated by men with low- to intermediate-risk prostate cancer. Early results are encouraging with an excellent biochemical response. The rate of new biochemical and clinical hypogonadism was low one year after treatment.
Inhaled nitric oxide for prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature babies (EUNO): a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Jean-Christophe Mercier, Helmut Hummler, Xavier Durrmeyer, Manuel Sanchez-Luna, Virgilio Carnielli, David Field, Anne Greenough, Bart Van Overmeire, Baldvin Jonsson, Mikko Hallman, James Baldassarre
Journal: The Lancet (2010)
Sequential production of interferon-γ by NK1.1+ T cells and natural killer cells is essential for the antimetastatic effect of α-galactosylceramide
Authors: Mark J. Smyth, Nadine Y. Crowe, Daniel G. Pellicci, Konstantinos Kyparissoudis, Janice M. Kelly, Kazuyoshi Takeda, Hideo Yagita, Dale I. Godfrey
Journal: Blood (2002)
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Anthracycline Cardiotoxicity in Children: Potential Implications for Adult Oncology
Authors: Carl D. Atkins
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

One of the values that Journal of ClinicalOncology brings to clinicians is the collection of content from different fields.Although I do not treat children with cancer, I make it a habit to peruse articles about pediatric oncology in the event that one of them might resonate with something of importance to my practice.Reviewing the May 1 issue of the Journal while pursuing this habit, I was rewarded by finding articles by Visscher et al 1 and Blanco et al 2 along with an accompanying editorial by Davies 3 discussing the role of single nucleotide polymorphisms in predicting cardiotoxicity after anthracycline-based chemotherapy for childhood cancer.The editorial by Davies 3 is an intelligent, balanced synthesis of the data presented in the two original articles and gives an excellent summary of their importance to the management of childhood cancer.However, the potential implications for adult cancer are entirely missed.Whereas anthracyclines may be an integral part of treatment for those childhood malignancies in which it is used, the situation is different in adults, most glaringly in breast cancer.Anthracyclines are commonly used for adjuvant therapy in early breast cancer, but the survival advantage over nonanthracycline-containing regimens is small (3% to 4% at 8-10 years of follow-up) and limited to higher-dose or prolonged treatment regimens. 4 If we could predict which patients will develop anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity, the risk/benefit ratio of the drugs can be more clearly conveyed to our patients.
Expression of Immunosuppresive B7-H3 Ligand by Hormone-Treated Prostate Cancer Tumors and Metastases
Authors: Grant Chavin, Yuri Sheinin, Paul L. Crispen, Stephen A. Boorjian, Timothy J. Roth, Laureano Rangel, Michael L. Blute, Thomas J. Sebo, Don J. Tindall, Eugene D. Kwon, R. Jeffrey Karnes
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2009)

Prostate cancer cells uniformly express the immune cell inhibitory B7-H3 ligand. Enhanced B7-H3 expression correlates with increased disease progression and cancer-specific death after radical prostatectomy (RP).To further assess whether B7-H3 expression is hormone regulated and persists as a viable target during (or after) androgen-ablative therapy, we examined B7-H3 ligand expression within primary and metastatic cancer lesions in response to neoadjuvant hormone therapy (NHT) or palliative hormone deprivation. Tumor B7-H3 in RP specimens from men treated with >/=3 months of NHT was compared with B7-H3 in tumors from matched patients who received no therapy before RP. Hormone-treated and untreated metastatic lesions involving bone were also compared for levels of B7-H3 expression.Of 165 consecutive RP specimens in each cohort studied, sufficient tissues were available for 148 patients (89.7%) treated with NHT versus 127 patients (77.0%) treated with surgery alone. B7-H3 was expressed in 142 (95.9%) tumors from NHT patients compared with 122 (96.0%) tumors from patients treated with surgery alone (P = 0.91). B7-H3 expression intensity in RP specimens was not affected by NHT (P = 0.12). Bone metastases from 11 (32.4%) untreated and 23 (67.6%) androgen-ablated patients revealed that B7-H3 expression increased in response to hormone therapy (P = 0.04) relative to untreated lesions.Taken together, B7-H3 expression seems to remain stable (or may even increase) in response to hormone therapy. As such, B7-H3 may represent an attractive target to improve treatment of men with high-risk hormone-treated or refractory prostate cancer.
Isolation of Human Prostatic Epithelial Plasma Membranes for Proteomics Using Mirror Image Tissue Banking of Radical Prostatectomy Specimens
Authors: Kanishka Sircar, Louis Gaboury, Lydia Ouadi, Melanie Mecteau, Eleonora Scarlata, Fred Saad, Armen Aprikian, Simon Tanguay, Steven Lapointe, Christian Lussier, Tina Miletti, Joel Lanoix
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Purpose: To isolate human prostatic epithelial plasma membranes for the identification of cell surface proteins in the therapeutic targeting of cancer cells while permitting the retrieval of banked samples for clinical purposes. Experimental Design: Radical prostatectomies from 84 patients (median, 61 years; prostate-specific antigen, 5.9; 66% nonpalpable) were processed with alternate, mirror image slices submitted for histology and tissue banking. Benign and malignant foci were macrodissected from the banked sections using the pathologically mapped, mirror image histology sections as a guide. Epithelial plasma membranes were isolated using novel immunomagnetic purification and their purity was assessed. Tissue homogenates were probed by Western blot for malignant (AMACR) and benign (p63) markers to test the accuracy of this protocol. Selected banked tissue slices were retrieved, thawed, and compared pathologically to their corresponding routinely processed alternate slices. Results: Plasma membrane preparations showed the enrichment of epithelial plasma membrane markers (prostate-specific membrane antigen and epithelial-specific antigen) with minimal marker expression from nonepithelial cells or intracellular organelles. Cancer homogenates showed up-regulated AMACR and down-regulated p63, whereas benign homogenates showed up-regulated p63 and down-regulated AMACR. There was 30% benign (p63+) contamination in cancer slices and &amp;lt;6% cancer (AMACR+) contamination in benign slices. Retrieved tissues showed the retention of immunoreactivity while their histology was always adequate for diagnosis. Conclusions: We have successfully isolated purified epithelial plasma membranes from benign and malignant human prostates and provided validation data for the accuracy of our protocol in a prostate-specific antigen–screened cohort. Our method also enabled the retrieval of banked tissues for clinical purposes with the retention of good histologic and immunohistochemical quality.