tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 15584: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Reveals Decreased Oxygen Delivery and Consumption in Human Fetuses with Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Prashob Porayette, Liqun Sun, Sujana Madathil, Brahmdeep Saini, Joshua F van Amerom, Edgar Jaeggi, Lars Grosse-Wortmann, Shi-Joon Yoo, Christopher Macgowan, Mike Seed
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction:  Animal models suggest chronic hypoxia in utero results in down regulation of brain metabolism, impairing brain growth and development. A new approach to assessing fetal hemodynamics with phase contrast (PC) MRI and T2 mapping offers the means to assess the impact of congenital heart disease (CHD) on cerebral oxygen delivery (DO2) and consumption (VO2).   Hypothesis:  Fetuses with CHD might have reduced cerebral DO2 and VO2 with associated reductions in brain size.   Methods:  28 normal fetuses and 23 fetuses with CHD with either single ventricle (SV) or biventricular physiology (BV) underwent MRI close to term. Assuming a hemoglobin concentration of 15g/dL, we calculated oxygen delivery (DO2) = umbilical vein flow (Q UV ) х UV oxygen content, where oxygen content = oxygen saturation of hemoglobin [HbO2] х 1.36 х [Hb]. We calculated fetal oxygen consumption (VO2) as Q UV  х AV[[Unable to Display Character: ∆]]O2, where AV[[Unable to Display Character: ∆]]O2 is the arterio-venous difference in oxygen content between the UV and umbilical artery. Cerebral DO2 and VO2 were similarly measured using aortic and superior vena cava oxygen content and flow. Fetal brain volume was measured by segmenting a 3D steady state free precession acquisition of the fetal brain. Normal and CHD fetal VO2 and DO2 and cerebral VO2 and DO2 were compared using a Student’s  t -test. The correlation between brain size and hemodynamic parameters was examined using Pearson’s Correlation.   Results:  The combined ventricular output (CVO;  p =0.0003), Q UV  ( p =0.0007) were reduced in fetuses with SV (n=6) compared with normals and fetuses with BV hearts (n=17) ( p =0.02), while UV T2 was lower in CHD fetuses ( p =0.0001). This resulted in mean reductions of >25% in fetal VO2 and DO2 in SV and BV CHD fetuses compared to normals ( p  p =0.01). In fetuses with brain sizes below the mean, brain size correlated with cerebral VO2 ( r =0.58,  p =0.01).   Conclusions:  This study provides evidence of a potential hemodynamic cause for the delayed brain growth and development that has been previously described in newborns with CHD. This is of interest because delayed brain development is associated with greater susceptibility to white matter injury around neonatal cardiac surgery.
A Phase II Study of AT7519M, a CDK Inhibitor, in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: NCIC CTG Trial IND.193
Authors: Matthew D. Seftel, John Kuruvilla, Versha Banerji, Graeme Fraser, Hao Xu, Jean Powers, Susan Crocker, Marcia Toguchi, John F Lyons, Lesley Seymour, Annette E Hay
Journal: Blood (2014)
TCR affinity for thymoproteasome-dependent positively selecting peptides conditions antigen responsiveness in CD8+ T cells
Authors: Kensuke Takada, Francois Van Laethem, Yan Xing, Kazuyuki Akane, Haruhiko Suzuki, Shigeo Murata, Keiji Tanaka, Stephen C Jameson, Alfred Singer, Yousuke Takahama
Journal: Nature Immunology (2015)
Brain Painting V2: evaluation of P300-based brain-computer interface for creative expression by an end-user following the user-centered design
Authors: L. Botrel, E.M. Holz, A. Kübler
Journal: Brain-Computer Interfaces (2015)

Brain Painting is a brain-computer interface (BCI) application that allows for painting on a virtual canvas without requiring motor input. Following the user-centered design, we developed Brain Painting V2 (BP2) for two end-users with ALS ('HP' and 'JT') who use Brain Painting independently at home (BP1). After including line drawing and multiple shapes in BP2, we report the evaluation of 27 home use days by JT over 3.5 months. On scales from 0 to 10, the end-user indicated good satisfaction M = 7.1 (SD = 1.7), good enjoyment M = 6.9 (SD = 1.9) and low frustration M = 2.3 (SD = 2.5). Workload as measured once with the NASA Task Load Index was substantial (65/100). Satisfaction as assessed once with the QUEST2.0 was high (4.8/5) and maximum (5/5) for the BCI-specific aspects. Level of control predicted satisfaction, indicating the importance of maintaining high BCI accuracy. As results are based on one end-user only, they cannot be generalized to the population of potential BP2 end-users. However, the high satisfaction and the constant independent home use of BP2 by end-user JT illustrates that we provided JT with a BCI-controlled application which matches his needs and demonstrates the benefit of adopting user-centered design in BCI development.
Prediction of life expectancy in patients with spinal epidural metastasis
Authors: Ronald H.M.A. Bartels, Godard de Ruiter, Ton Feuth, Mark P. Arts
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

The treatment of spinal epidural metastasis is multidisciplinary and usually involves a team of medical oncologists, radiologists, radiotherapists, and spinal surgeons. Life expectancy is one of the factors considered when deciding whether surgery is warranted. Because expert estimates of life expectancy are generally not reliable, a prediction model is needed. Here, we temporally validated a model that was previously validated geographically.The records of 110 consecutive patients who were referred with a spinal epidural metastasis were collected prospectively from 2009 to 2013 in order to validate the model, which was published in 2011. The actual and estimated life expectancies were represented graphically, and calibration and discrimination were determined. The calibration slope, Harrell's c-index, D, and R2D were calculated. Hazard ratios in the derivation set of 2011 were compared with the validation set. Misspecification was determined using the joint test for β*.The calibration slope was 0.64 ± 0.15 (95% CI: 0.34-0.94), Harrell's c-index was 0.72, D was 1.08, and R2D was 0.22, indicating slightly worse discrimination in the derivation set. The joint test for β* = 0 was statistically significant and indicated misspecification; however, this misspecification was attributed entirely to the surgical group.We validated a prediction model for surgical decision making, showing that the model's overall performance is good. Based on these results, this model will help clinicians to decide whether to offer surgery to patients with spinal epidural metastasis.
Primary Carcinoma of the Fallopian Tube: Favourable Response to New Chemotherapeutic Agent, CHIP
Authors: W S Felix Wong, V R Tindall, John Wagstaff, Derek Crowther, Vivien Bramwell
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1985)

Two cases are reported of recurrent fallopian tube carcinoma treated with CHIP (cis-dichloro-transdihydroxy-bis-isopropylamine platinum IV), a new cis-platinum analogue, resulting in one complete (though transient) and one good partial remission.
Cerebral asymmetry and cerebellar atrophy in schizophrenia: a controlled postmortem study
Authors: D J Luchins, J M Morihisa, D R Weinberger, R J Wyatt
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1981)

The authors examined volumetric occipital asymmetry and evidence of anterior vermian atrophy in the postmortem brains of 12 schizophrenic and 32 control subjects. Although they found no difference in the mean occipital asymmetry they found that for the schizophrenic subjects abnormal occipital asymmetry and vermian atrophy were inversely related.
Clonic Perseveration vs Stereotypy Phenomenology—Reply
Authors: Sanjay Pandey, Neelav Sarma
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Activity levels and fatigue related to exercise compliance in young adults with cancer.
Authors: M. Dalzell, S. Shallwani, P. Kavan, T. Muanza, R. Dalfen, M. Karanofsky, S. Adams
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e19555 Background: Young adult (YA) patients with cancer have aggressive disease and treatment. They struggle to maintain quality of life and would greatly benefit from exercise interventions. The study objectives were to determine the extent to which activity levels and fatigue change according to compliance with exercise prescription and identify factors related to compliance in YA patients with cancer. Methods: A convenience sample of 97 patients (mean age = 33.7 years) with breast (16%), central nervous system (CNS) (21%), gastrointestinal (GI) (31%), sarcoma (13%), testicular (10%) and various other (9%) tumors were recruited consecutively from the YA Program at the Segal Cancer Centre and screened for exercise eligibility. Interventions included active lifestyle coaching and individualized exercise programs. Baseline (T1) and follow-up (T2) activity levels (MET- hours/week) and Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI) scores were recorded. T-tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: 42% of the patients had recurrent or advanced disease. Missing T2 assessments include death/hospitalization (n = 6) and loss to follow-up (n = 14). At baseline no significant differences were detected between patients with and without T2 data. T2 assessments occurred a mean of 6 months post-T1. Overall compliance with exercise prescription was 70% and by cancer type was: GI (88%), CNS (75%), breast (71%), sarcoma (57%) and testicular (50%). No differences in MET-hours/week and BFI scores in patients with advanced versus early stage disease were found at T1 or T2. Exercisers had significantly higher T1 activity levels (p<0.01) and increased activity levels to 27.7 MET-hours/week at T2 (p<0.01). BFI severity and impact scores stabilized at 3.9 and 3.0 respectively. At T2 non-exercisers reduced activity levels to 0.7 MET-hours/week (p = 0.05). BFI scores remained stable. Conclusions: YA patients with cancer who exercise significantly increase activity levels with no change in fatigue despite aggressive disease and treatment. Stage of disease does not impact exercise capacity; however, patients with higher baseline activity levels have greater compliance. Activity levels of non-exercisers decrease over time but fatigue remains stable. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Multicenter study of weekly trastuzumab, paclitaxel and carboplatin followed by a week of rest every 28 days in patients with HER2+ metastatic breast cancer (MBC)
Authors: M. Ruiz, J. Salvador, J. Bayo, M. Lomas, A. Moreno, M. Valero, R. Bernabé, D. Vicente, J. Jiménez, A. Lopez-Ladrón
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

1083 Background: The addition of Carboplatin to Trastuzumab and Paclitaxel improves the efficacy in HER2+ metastatic breast cancer (MBC). We have conducted a multicenter Phase II study to investigate the efficacy and safety of this combination given weekly × 3 followed by 1 week of rest. Primary endpoint was objective response rate and secondary endpoints were time to progression, overall survival and to study the toxicity profile of the combination. Methods: Between August 2003 and April 2006, 40 patients with HER2+ MBC (IHC 3+ or FISH+) have been included in the study. Pats received Trastuzumab (loading dose of 4 mg/kg/wk and 2 mg/kg/d following wks), Paclitaxel (80 mg/m 2 ) and Carboplatin (AUC 2) all given weekly × 3 followed by 1 week of rest. Treatment was given until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Results: 40 pats had baseline data available. Median age was 54 yrs (range 29–75). 38 (95%) pats received prior adjuvant or neoadjuvant treatment. 11 (27,5%) pats have received one prior CT line for metastatic disease. 87,5% pats had PS 0 or 1 at study entry. Disease sites were liver 16 (40%), bone 12 (30%), lymph nodes 13 (32,5%) and lung 8 (20%). 19 (47,5%) had = 2 lesions. 97,5% had measurable disease. 36 pats have been evaluated for response: 11 CR (31%, 95% CI: 15–46%), 11 PR (31%, 15- 36%), 9 SD (25%, 9–36%), 5 PD (14%, 2–26%) and 4 NE resulting in an ORR of 61% (95% CI: 45–77%) and tumor growth control rate (RR+SD) of 86% of patients (95% CI: 75–97%). Median TTP was 12.1 mo (95% CI: 8.8–19.9 mo) and median duration of response and OS have not been reached yet. For a time of observation of 35 mo, the OS is 80,6%. 37 patients have received 194 cycles with a median of 5 cycles. Grade 3–4 toxicities/pats were: 3(7.5%) anaemia, 2 (5%) leucopenia, 8(20%) neutropenia, 1 (2,5%) febrile neutropenia, 1 (2,5%) trombopenia, 2(5%) asthenia, 2(5%) diarrhea, 3(7.5%) nausea, 2(5%) vomiting, 3(7.5%) mucositis Conclusions: This interim analysis shows an interesting activity with this regimen. One week of rest may be of better convenience for the patient and hospital but also may improve the tolerability profile and efficacy of the combination. Further results would be available for presentation. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Understanding the Hawthorne effect
Authors: Philip Sedgwick, Nan Greenwood
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Researchers investigated the effectiveness of patient controlled analgesia for patients presenting to emergency departments with pain from traumatic injuries. A randomised controlled trial with a parallel groups study design was used. The control treatment was usual care, with analgesia titrated by nurses according to hospital guidelines. The participants were patients aged 18-75 years presenting to the emergency department who required intravenous opioid analgesia for the treatment of moderate to severe pain resulting from traumatic injuries, and who were expected to be admitted to hospital for at least 12 hours. In total, 200 adults were recruited and randomised to the intervention (patient controlled analgesia; n=99) and control (routine care; n=101) treatment groups.1 The primary outcome was total pain experienced over the 12 hour study period, recorded using a visual analogue scale. Secondary outcomes included total amount of morphine used. The mean total pain experienced by the intervention group was lower than that experienced by the control group, although the difference was not significant. Participants in the intervention group used significantly more morphine than was administered in the usual care group. It was concluded that patient controlled analgesia provided a reduction in pain, albeit not significant, compared with routine care for emergency department patients with traumatic injuries. The researchers commented that the results of the trial may have been influenced by the Hawthorne effect. Which of the following statements, if any, are true?
A prospective, randomized evaluation of the treatment of colorectal cancer metastatic to the liver.
Authors: L D Wagman, M M Kemeny, L Leong, J J Terz, L R Hill, J D Beatty, W A Kokal, D U Riihimaki
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1990)

Over a 4-year period (1982 to 1986), 91 patients with solitary or multiple metastases from colorectal cancer were stratified, based on findings at laparotomy, to one of three groups and then prospectively randomized to one of two treatment arms within each group. Group A patients had solitary resectable metastases, group B patients had multiple, resectable metastases, and group C patients had multiple, unresectable metastases. Patients were randomized to one of two treatment arms within a group: group A-arm A1: resection only, arm A2: resection and continuous hepatic artery infusion (CHAI) of fluorodeoxyuridine (FUdR); group B-arm B1: resection and CHAI, arm B2: CHAI only; group C-arm C1: CHAI, arm C2: systemic fluorouracil followed by CHAI. Median time to failure (TTF) was 31.8, 11.1, and 8.8 months for groups A, B, and C, respectively. Arm A2 had an improved TTF when compared with arm A1 (P = .03). Median survival correlated with extent of disease and was 37.3, 22.4, and 13.8 months for groups A, B, and C, respectively. Survival was not changed by treatment variation (arms) within each group. Two- and 5-year cumulative survivals for groups A, B, and C were 72.7% and 45.4%; 45.8% and 16.7%; and 31.7% and 3.2%, respectively. In patients with multiple metastases (groups B and C), those patients whose original tumor was a Dukes' B had a significantly improved TTF and survival over those patients whose tumor was a Dukes' C (P less than or equal to .02).
Radioiodine and thyroid eye disease
Authors: J. Ahlquist, J. P Walsh, C. M Dayan
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Effects of drug overdose in television drama on presentations for self poisoning Antifreeze poisonings give more insight into copycat behaviourEditor-Hawton et al highlight the effect of the media on influencing the incidence of deliberate self poisoning. 1However, they and other authors suggest that the changes noted are the result of spontaneous variation in the patterns of particular overdoses rather than a direct effect of the specific televised incident. 2 3One of the limitations of previous studies has been that the investigators have monitored the total numbers of deliberate self poisoning and, specifically, paracetamol overdoses, which are comparatively common.A clearer picture emerges for agents used less commonly for deliberate self harm, such as antifreeze, which commonly contains ethylene glycol or methanol.The figure shows the numbers of intentional and accidental cases of poisoning by ethylene glycol reported to the National Poisons Information Service (London) during two specific months and, for comparison, from January 1996 to January 1997.In April 1995 the Independent reported an inquest into an antifreeze poisoning, 4 which subsequently received further media coverage.On 15 February 1997 an episode of the BBC television drama Casualty depicted an incident of self harm with ingestion of antifreeze.The mean number of intentional antifreeze poisonings for 1996 was 2.0 per month (range 1-3 per month).Moreover, the mean number of cases reported during 1995 and 1997, excluding the incident months, was 1.9 and 1.8 respectively.For April 1995 and February 1997 the number of reported cases was 9 and 6-a significant increase (P = 0.016).Interestingly, all the cases of intentional ingestion of antifreeze during April 1995 and February 1997 occurred after the announcements in the media.Furthermore, in one specific case not only the agent but also the manner in which the antifreeze was taken (mixed with lemonade and drunk in a field) was identical with that reported.These data further support the concept that media portrayal of self poisoning influences subsequent self harm behaviour.
An analysis of deficiencies identified during investigational new drug (IND) application reviews by the Division of Drug Oncology Products (DDOP) of the US FDA
Authors: B. S. Mann, R. Kane, M. Brave, Q. Ryan, M. Hazarika, E. Rock, A. Senderowicz, R. Dagher, J. Johnson, R. Justice, R. Pazdur
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

6052 Background: Regulations require IND application review by the FDA prior to initiation of the clinical study. Deficiencies identified in the study protocol require communication between the FDA reviewers and the Sponsor for resolution. If the deficiencies are not adequately resolved, clinical hold and subsequent delay in the start of the clinical study results. To identify and analyze the commonly encountered IND application deficiencies, data from recent reviews were collected. Methods: Eight clinical reviewers analyzed the deficiencies that had been identified in 268 IND applications reviewed in the DDOP FDA from January 2003 to June 2005. All of the study protocol deficiencies leading to a clinical hold, or requiring resolution prior to study initiation were categorized as deficiencies pertaining to: patient eligibility; starting drug dose; study conduct (toxicity management, dose adjustment, stopping criteria); statistical or endpoints; non-clinical; and other issues. Results: 268 IND applications reviewed over a 30-month period by eight medical officers were analyzed. One hundred and twelve (42%) of the applications had no deficiencies; however, 156 (58%) had one (31%) or multiple (69%) deficiencies. Deficiencies pertained to study conduct/scheme (65%), dose (48%), patient eligibility (46%), others (31%), statistics or endpoints (15%), and non-clinical (4%) issues. In 141 (90%) of the deficient applications the deficiencies were adequately addressed by FDA reviewer-Sponsor communication and the trials could start as scheduled. Fifteen (10%) deficient trials were placed on clinical hold. Fourteen (93%) of these trials had multiple deficiencies that pertained to patient eligibility in 12 (80%), starting drug dose in 12 (80%), study conduct in 11 (73%), other in 7 (47%), and non-clinical and statistical issues in 2 (13%) each. Conclusions: Deficiencies were identified in 58% of the reviewed IND applications: 90% of these were resolved by FDA-Sponsor communication. Only 10% of deficient studies were placed on clinical hold; all except one had multiple deficiencies. The most common deficiencies leading to clinical hold pertained to eligibility of study population and proposed starting drug dose. No significant financial relationships to disclose.