tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Predictive chemotherapy according to O<sup>6</sup>-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase protein expression for treatment of malignant gliomas
Authors: Z. Chen, J. Zhang, Q. Wu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

12530 Background: To evaluate the response to predictable chemotherapy according to O 6 -methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) expression pattern and toxicity in patients with malignant gliomas. Methods: Twenty-eight patients with histologically confirmed malignant gliomas were enrolled in this study. The glioma tissues were examined for MGMT protein expression by immunohistochemistry. The chemotherapeutic regimen wasn’t consisted of nitrosourea or temozolomide in patients with MGMT positive expression, while no limitation using nitrosourea or temozolomide in patients with MGMT negative expression. The patients who received 2 or more than 2 cycles of chemotherapy were evaluated for response to therapy according WHO standard, and toxicity according National Cancer Institute (NCI) standard. Results: Twenty-four patients were used one regimen while 4 patients received two regimens chemotherapy, and thus overall 32 cases were evaluated for response to chemotherapy. The complete response (CR) was observed in 5 cases (16%),partial response (PR) in 6 cases (19%), stable disease (SD) was seen in 12 cases (38%), and 9 cases (28%) developed progressive disease (PD). Objective response rate (CR + PR) was 35%, and response plus stable disease rate (CR+PR+SD) was 73%. Hematological toxicity was the principal limiting side-effect observed in this study. Seven patients (25%, 7/28) experienced grade 3 or 4 leucopenia and one (4%,1/28) grade 4 thrombocytopenia who received platelet transfusion. No hemorrhagic event due to thrombocytopenia occurred. Non- hematological toxicity mainly was nausea/vomiting and alopecia. Grade 3 nausea/vomiting occurred in 7% of patients (2/28) and grade 3 alopecia in 7% of patients (2/28). Conclusions: The predictive chemotherapy according to MGMT protein expression in patients with malignant gliomas could improve overall response rate with acceptable side-effect, as compared with conventional chemotherapeutic regimen, and thus worth for further investigation. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Anergy for Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity in Preleukemic AKR Mice&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: J F Burdick, G M Williams
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

A singular anergy for delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) in preleukemic AKR mice was discovered. This total anergy for DTH against allogeneic cells, which developed in the AKR mice by 4 to 5 months of age, was not due to an artifact of route of sensitization or of other assay parameters and was not found in other strains sharing H-2 or other genetic background. The mice had an intact capacity to be stimulated in mixed lymphocyte culture to produce cytotoxic effector cells. Although the relationship to lymphoma was not directly addressed in these experiments, the genetic and temporal characteristics of this anergy suggest a biologically important relationship to the preleukemic state.
Preoperative chemo-radiotherapy in rectal cancer. Effect on down staging and possibility of sphincter sparing surgery
Authors: T. Z. Mohran, H. A. Rayad
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

14598 Objectives: To evaluate the influence of pre-operative chemo-radiation on resectability of locally advanced rectal cancer and the possibility of performing sphincter- sparing surgery in cases not suitable for this procedures. Methods: 30 patients with rectal carcinoma with either border line respectability or not suitable for primary sphincter sparing surgery. Performance status &gt; 60, adequate bone marrow reserve and adequate hepatic and renal functions. All patients had been staged by radiological studies and endoscopies. Treatment: All patients were treated by combined chemo-radiation. Radiotherapy with dose of 45 Gray in 25 fractions over 5 weeks. Chemotherapy with 5-flurouracil 500 mg/m2 I.V infusion over 2 hours and leucovorin immediately before radiation setting for first 5 days of the first week and the first 5 days of the last week of radiation. Patients were evaluated 4–6 weeks after treatment. Operable patients were subjected to abdominoperineal resection (APR) or low anterior resection (AR). Toxicity was evaluated using WHO Common Toxicity Criteria. Results: 30 patients were included; the median age was 48 years. Partial response was reported in 63.4% of patients and stable disease was reported in 33.3% of patients while progressive disease was reported in only one patient. Low anterior resection (AR) had been performed in 8 patients out of 12 (66.2%) who had initially not suitable for primary sphincter preservation, while abdominoperineal resection (APR) had been performed in 11 patients out of 18 patients (61.1%) who had initially border line resectability. Tumor down staging was achieved in 66% of patients. Tumor stage was identified as the only significant prognostic factors in response. Local control rate at 18 months were 85%. Actuarial overall survival for patient with curative resection at 18 months, were 85%. Toxicities included G3 leucopenia in 10% of patients, Diarrhea G3 in 13.3% of patients. Conclusion: Preoperative chemo-radiotherapy is an effective treatment in inducing down-staging of locally advanced rectal cancer patients and enhances curative resection and sphincter preserving procedures. Keyword: Colorectal cancer; Chemo- radiotherapy No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Defining immunological dysfunction in sepsis: A requisite tool for precision medicine
Authors: Jesús F. Bermejo-Martin, David Andaluz-Ojeda, Raquel Almansa, Francisco Gandía, Jose Ignacio Gómez-Herreras, Esther Gomez-Sanchez, María Heredia-Rodríguez, Jose Maria Eiros, David J. Kelvin, Eduardo Tamayo
Journal: Journal of Infection (2016)
Doctor is suspended for aborting fetus because it was female
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2015)

One of the major challenges facing CAR based cancer immunotherapy is the lack of in vivo persistence of functional CAR T-cells due to low memory cell formation and exhaustion. Previous studies have suggested that strong TCR signaling favors the formation of terminally differentiated short-lived effector cells that get exhausted faster while weaker signaling favors formation of less differentiated memory-like cells. It was suggested that reducing CD3 ITAM (immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif) sequence diversity while keeping the number of ITAMs same, attenuates TCR signaling strength to different extents, thus, highlighting the signaling non-redundancy of each individual ITAM sequence. Based on this, we designed 2<sup>nd</sup> generation murine anti-CD19 CARs with modified CD3ζ domains with the goals of optimizing CAR signaling and studying the non-redundant signaling properties of the individual ITAMs in the context of CARs. The CARs have either three copies of ζ1 ITAMs, ζ2 ITAMs or ζ3 ITAMs instead of the wildtype (WT) ζ1,2 and 3 together. We hypothesize that the non-redundancy of the individual ITAMs and the reduction in ITAM diversity will allow for optimization of CAR T cell signaling quantity, quality and improved T-cell persistence. The single flavor CAR expressing CD8+ T-cells can kill target CD19+ leukemia cells in vitro and are similar to the WT ζ CAR. Interestingly, we observe differences in short-term post-killing live T-cell counts. We also observe different levels of cytokine and perforin production by the activated T cells. When we look at their signaling, we observe differences in Erk, Akt and NFAT signaling. These signaling and functional differences open up the possibility of optimizing CAR persistence and function.
Watch and learn: educational videos at your finger tips
Authors: Babette M Pluim
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2015)

BJSM education offers clinicians three categories of free videos: (1) physical examination; (2) exercise prescription and (3) IOC education.

These are very helpful for learners as well as for teachers. When information is presented using visual and auditory input, working memory absorbs more information than when only one of these senses is used.1 Presenting medical education in this way allows the student to organise the information in a structured fashion and greatly assists him or her to incorporate it into long-term memory. The BJSM physical examination videos provide a systematic framework for the student to learn how to conduct a thorough physical examination—an essential tool for every sports physician. The videos are short, so you can focus on one test at a time (eg, Lachman's test). And you can conveniently watch a video several times over. The proof is in the pudding—they have been viewed over 4.5 million times on YouTube already!

A number …
Long Non-Coding RNAs Are Commonly Deregulated In Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Masoumeh Tayari, Klaas Kok, Gertrud Kortman, Jantine Sietzema, Debora de Jong, Martijn Terpstra, Lydia Visser, Arjan Diepstra, Joost Kluiver, Anke van den Berg
Journal: Blood (2013)
A Retrospective Analysis of Preoperative Folfox Chemotherapy for Locally Advanced Colon Cancer Patients with Pharmacokinetic-Guided Dose Adjustements of 5-FU: Preliminary Results
Authors: J.P. Fusco, Martin Romano Patricia, A. Aldaz, J. Baixauli, J.C. Subtil, J.L. Hernandez-Lizoain, L. Zufia, J. Rodriguez, J.J. Sola, J. Solorzano, C. Garzon, A. Chopitea
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Balancing Innovation and Value of Biological Meshes in Hernia
Authors: Benjamin K. Poulose, Brent D. Matthews, Michael J. Rosen
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Thrombophlebitis after Vasectomy
Authors: H J Roberts
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

Follow-up questionnaires concerning the interval occurrence of thrombophlebitis (at least 10 cases in Dr. Roberts experience) and other complications should be sent to vasectomized men to ascertain whether an unrecognized complication of the  hematologic-immunologic changes exists after vasectomy.  These data might provide clues concerning possible high-risk factors in selected groups of men requesting vasectomy.
Lack of Effect of Bursectomy on Marek's Disease
Authors: L N Payne, M Rennie
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1970)

Surgical bursectomy of 1-day-old chicks, with or without total-body X irradiation, did not influence mortality from Marek's disease induced by the HPRS-16 (Houghton Poultry Research Station) strain of virus. The production of Marek×s disease in chickens with varying degrees of impairment of the bursal lymphoid system, including some chickens which apparently lacked antibodies, immunoglobulins, germinal centers, and plasma cells, suggested that the bursa and the bursa-dependent lymphoid tissues were not essential in the pathogenesis of the disease.
Liver dysfunction induced by systemic hypersensitivity reaction to lamotrigine: case report
Authors: Sung Gyu Im, Sun Hong Yoo, Young Min Park, Sang Jin Lee, Sun Kyung Jang, Dong Ok Jeon, Hyo Jin Cho, Mi Jung Oh
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2015)

Lamotrigine is an anticonvulsant drug used to treat partial and generalized seizure disorders. Hypersensitivity to lamotrigine usually causes mild symptoms such as fever, rash, and slight invasion of internal organs. However, a 33-year-old male patient who was admitted with Stevens-Johnson syndrome after taking lamotrigine for 15 days experienced hepatic failure and died 5 days after admission. This case demonstrates the importance of realizing that lamotrigine can lead to fatal hepatic failure, and that tests for the normal liver function should be performed when administering lamotrigine.
Abstract 12535: Decreased Six-Minute Walk Distance at Hospital Discharge, Its Cut-off Value of 370 Meters, is an Independent Predictor for Poor Activities of Daily Living After Discharge in Elderly Patients With Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Kohei Nozaki, Takashi Masuda, Kentaro Kamiya, Nobuaki Hamazaki, Ryota Matsuzawa, Shinya Tanaka, Mari Kawano, Takami Iwamura, Akihiro Aoyama, Ryosuke Shimizu, Emi Maekawa, Junya Ako
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Elderly patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) is well known to have poor activities of daily living (ADL) after hospital discharge because of their prolonged hospital stays and subsequent physical deconditioning. Although many studies demonstrated that decreased six-minute walk distance (6MWD) was an independent predictor of rehospitalization and mortality in them, the relationship between decreased 6MWD and poor ADL is not thoroughly evaluated. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether decreased 6MWD measured at hospital discharge reflected poor ADL after discharge in elderly patients with CHF. Methods: We recruited 290 patients, 179 males and 111 females, who were 65 years or more and admitted to our hospital because of first heart failure. We excluded the patients who had needed assistance with ADL or walking aid before admission. Plasma brain natriuretic peptide, left ventricular ejection fraction, 6MWD and motor functions including isometric quadriceps strength and one-leg standing time were measured at hospital discharge. ADL was evaluated using the performance measure for ADL-8 (PMADL-8) 3 months after discharge, while PMADL-8 score of 20 or more indicated poor ADL. To determine significant predictors affecting poor ADL and their cut-off values, a multivariate logistic regression analysis and the area under the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve were performed. Results: Patients’ mean age was 75.4 ± 6.4 years old and their mean PMADL-8 and 6MWD were 18.9 ± 5.9 points and 379 ± 109 meters, respectively. The univariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, 6MWD, quadriceps strength, one-leg standing time were significant predictors for PMADL-8 of ≥20 points (P&lt;0.05, respectively). The multivariate logistic regression analysis detected only 6MWD as a significant and independent predictor for PMADL-8 of ≥20 points (P&lt;0.001). The odds ratio of poor ADL was 1.16 (95% confidence interval: 1.10-1.25, P&lt;0.001) with each 10-meter decrease of 6MWD. The ROC curve showed 370 meters as a cut-off value of 6MWD. Conclusions: Decreased 6MWD at hospital discharge was identified as an independent strong predictor for poor ADL after discharge in elderly patients with CHF, and its cut-off value was 370 meters.
Abstract MP088: Consumption of Specific Foods, Leukocyte Telomere Length, and Leukocyte Telomere Attrition: the Cardiovascular Health Study
Authors: Andrea Burnett-Hartman, Annette L Fitzpatrick, Abraham Aviv, Dariush Mozaffarian
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction: Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is a complex genetic trait that is linked to higher risks of CVD, diabetes and other age-related disease. Little is known about the relationship between the intake of specific foods and LTL. Hypothesis: Foods that generally increase cardiometabolic risk, such as processed meat, will be associated with shorter LTL and higher rate of LTL attrition; foods that decrease risk, such as seafood, will have inverse associations with LTL and LTL attrition. Methods: We evaluated the relation between LTL and specific foods in 1,515 US adults age 65+ y participating in the Cardiovascular Health Study. Usual dietary habits were assessed by detailed food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) at baseline and year 6. Leukocyte DNA was extracted, and LTL measured via Southern blots of terminal restriction fragments, in blood samples collected at years 3 and 8. Clustered linear regression analysis was used to assess the multivariable-adjusted, cross-sectional relationship between specific foods and LTL (baseline FFQ vs. year 3 LTL and year 6 FFQ vs. year 8 LTL). Baseline diet was also evaluated in relation to the rate of LTL attrition over time. Results: In multivariate analyses, higher red and processed meat intakes were each associated with shorter LTL (p-trend &lt;0.01) ( Table ). Intakes of seafood and vegetables were associated with non-significant trends toward longer LTL In the subset with both baseline diet and change in LTL (n=617), a significant association between processed meats and greater 5-year LTL attrition was observed (p-trend=0.03). Higher nut intake was also associated with less LTL attrition across quintiles (p=0.05), although not monotonically (p-trend=0.35). Conclusions: Diet, in particular red meat and processed meat consumption, may play a role in telomere dynamics. Our findings support the need for further investigation of prospective relations in larger samples. Mean LTL LTL difference Q5 vs. Q1 (SE) Wald p-value * Q5 vs. Q1 p-trend * Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Fruits 6.33 6.35 6.30 6.35 6.28 −0.07 (0.04) 0.10 0.11 Vegetables 6.26 6.31 6.35 6.30 6.39 0.06 (0.04) 0.16 0.33 Nuts 6.34 6.31 6.33 6.32 6.27 −0.06 (0.06) 0.20 0.27 Whole grains 6.33 6.31 6.31 6.33 6.32 −0.04 (0.06) 0.39 0.63 Dairy 6.36 6.33 6.30 6.32 6.30 −0.07 (0.04) 0.11 0.09 Red meats 6.42 6.32 6.30 6.27 6.27 −0.14 (0.05) &lt;0.01 &lt;0.01 Processed meats 6.43 6.34 6.30 6.28 6.23 −0.15 (0.05) &lt;0.01 &lt;0.01 Seafood 6.30 6.28 6.32 6.34 6.37 0.05 (0.04) 0.29 0.16 * Adjusted for age, sex, race, education, smoking status, body mass index, and physical activity.
The prognostic value of radiological bio-markers for detection of cerebral glioma grades and early evaluation of tumor response to radiation therapy using MRI perfusion and spectroscopy
Authors: M. M. Abdel Wahab, K. M. Maher, M. A. Osman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

13015 Background: The early and accurate prediction of treatment response in brain gliomas after radiation therapy using MRI perfusion and spectroscopy may provide an opportunity to switch to more beneficial to none responders instead of the limited delayed structural data obtained via the use of conventional MRI. Our aim was to analyze these recent modalities to evaluate the combined application on the treatment plan. Methods: Forty-six patients with brain astrocytomas were recruited in this study, they were examined prospectively before and after radiation therapy at regular intervals over a period of two years, using conventional MRI, MRI perfusion and spectroscopy. The findings were correlated the histopathological grade of the tumor and different tumor response to treatment for each individual patient. Those patients with early poor response or resistant to radiation, chemotherapy was added in the form of Temozolamide 175mg/m2 for 5 days every consecutive 28 days, meanwhile patients with good response, no further treatment was added with regular follow-up. Results: Initial base line radiological studies before radiotherapy were correlated with the histopathological grade. Both MRI spectroscopy and biomarkers Choline/Creatinine, Choline/NAA were statistically significant (0.001,0.004) respectively to differentiate between high grade (III,IV) and low grade (II). As well as MRI perfusion with P. value 0.042, meanwhile conventional MRI data was not statistically significant except for necrosis and edema. (P=0.002). For the assessment of the early response after 4 weeks of completion of radiotherapy, Conventional MRI was only significant as regard the enhancement (P=0.0001) Biomarkers of spectroscopy were highly significant for Choline/Creatinine, NAA/Creatinine and Choline/NAA, with P values (0.005,0.025,0.01) respectively. MRI perfusion was also statistically significant with P value 0.004. Conclusions: Both MRI perfusion and spectroscopy are important and promising new modalities for diagnosis and early therapeutic evaluation of brain tumor response after radiation therapy for proper selection of patients in need of further chemotherapeutic treatment. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Proteogenomic-based discovery of minor histocompatibility antigens with suitable features for immunotherapy of hematologic cancers
Authors: D P Granados, A Rodenbrock, J-P Laverdure, C Côté, O Caron-Lizotte, C Carli, H Pearson, V Janelle, C Durette, E Bonneil, D C Roy, J-S Delisle, S Lemieux, P Thibault, C Perreault
Journal: Leukemia (2016)
NHS values should be preserved, but institutions changed, former health secretary tells conference
Authors: Matthew Limb
Journal: BMJ (2015)

The NHS urgently needs new, “independent thinking” from anywhere in the world and “from any sector” because its institutions are failing, a former health secretary has said.

Stephen Dorrell said that people had forgotten the NHS was “an idea, not an organisation,” founded on commitment to principles of equitable access to high quality healthcare.

He said that those values had been “attached to a set of institutions that we’ve inherited which are no longer fit for purpose. We should separate the values of the NHS from the institutions.”

Dorrell was Conservative health secretary from 1995-97 and now chairs the NHS Confederation. He is also a senior adviser to the private company KPMG and former chairman of the …
Abstract 16702: BioImage Study: Elevated Uric Acid is Associated Increased Risk of Major Cardiovascular Events Independent of Burden of Subclinical Atherosclerosis and Inflammation
Authors: Dong Li, Khurram Nasir, Matthew J Budoff, Pieter Muntendam, Erling Falk, Valentin Fuster.
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction: The role of serum uric acid (UA) as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease remains unclear. In this analysis we investigate the association of serum uric acid with the ...