tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
<i>In vivo</i> Therapeutic Synergism of Anti–Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibodies against Pancreatic Carcinomas
Authors: Christel Larbouret, Bruno Robert, Isabelle Navarro-Teulon, Simon Thèzenas, Maha-Zohra Ladjemi, Sébastien Morisseau, Emmanuelle Campigna, Frédéric Bibeau, Jean-Pierre Mach, André Pèlegrin, David Azria
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Purpose: Pancreatic carcinoma is highly resistant to therapy. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and HER2 have been reported to be both dysregulated in this cancer. To evaluate the in vivo effect of binding both EGFR and HER2 with two therapeutic humanized monoclonal antibodies (mAb), we treated human pancreatic carcinoma xenografts, expressing high EGFR and low HER2 levels. Experimental Design: Nude mice, bearing xenografts of BxPC-3 or MiaPaCa-2 human pancreatic carcinoma cell lines, were injected twice weekly for 4 weeks with different doses of anti-EGFR (matuzumab) and anti-HER2 (trastuzumab) mAbs either alone or in combination. The effect of the two mAbs, on HER receptor phosphorylation, was also studied in vitro by Western blot analysis. Results: The combined mAb treatment significantly inhibited tumor progression of the BxPC-3 xenografts compared with single mAb injection (P = 0.006) or no treatment (P = 0.0004) and specifically induced some complete remissions. The two mAbs had more antitumor effect than 4-fold greater doses of each mAb. The significant synergistic effect of the two mAbs was confirmed on the MiaPaCa-2 xenograft and on another type of carcinoma, SK-OV-3 ovarian carcinoma xenografts. In vitro, the cooperative effect of the two mAbs was associated with a decrease in EGFR and HER2 receptor phosphorylation. Conclusions: Anti-HER2 mAb has a synergistic therapeutic effect when combined with an anti-EGFR mAb on pancreatic carcinomas with low HER2 expression. These observations may open the way to the use of these two mAbs in a large panel of carcinomas expressing different levels of the two HER receptors.
Evaluation of albumin-migrating gamma-glutamyltransferase band in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI). Preliminary report
Authors: M Pompili, G Addolorato, C Zuppi, GP Lorenzelli, L Riccardi, C Rossi, F Pignataro, A Cedrone, GL Rapaccini, G Gasbarrini
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1998)
Hypernatremia in Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Michael L. Moritz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters15 November 1996Hypernatremia in Hospitalized PatientsMichael L. Moritz, MDMichael L. Moritz, MDTexas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030-2399.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-10-199611150-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Palevsky and colleagues point out that hospital-acquired hypernatremia is largely attributable to the inappropriate prescription of fluids, but they fail to show whether this leads to increased morbidity and mortality [1]. They openly state that no mortality was directly associated with hypernatremia. They claim that hypernatremia partially contributed to the death of 16% of patients and to decreased functional status at discharge in 14%; however, they provide no details on the manner in which hypernatremia contributed to these outcomes or which patients are most at risk. They also do not mention whether any patient with delayed recognition ...REFERENCE1. Palevsky PM, Bhagrath R, Greenberg A. Hypernatremia in hospitalized patients. Ann Intern Med. 1996; 124:197-203. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030-2399. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByPreoperative Hypernatremia Predicts Increased Perioperative Morbidity and MortalityPreventing neurological complications from dysnatremias in children 15 November 1996Volume 125, Issue 10Page: 860KeywordsFluid managementHypernatremiaMorbidityMortality Issue Published: 15 November 1996 CopyrightCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Phase II Trial of Irinotecan and Carboplatin for Extensive or Relapsed Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Gigi Chen, Minh Huynh, Lou Fehrenbacher, Howard West, Primo N. Lara, Leonid L. Yavorkovsky, Michael Russin, Desiree Goldstein, David Gandara, Derick Lau
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

The regimens of weekly irinotecan with platinum have been used for treatment of metastatic small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). We conducted a multi-institution phase II trial to evaluate a novel 21-day schedule of irinotecan and carboplatin in patients with relapsed or extensive SCLC.
Targeting gene expression to the vascular wall in transgenic mice using the murine preproendothelin-1 promoter.
Authors: D Harats, H Kurihara, P Belloni, H Oakley, A Ziober, D Ackley, G Cain, Y Kurihara, R Lawn, E Sigal
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

To develop a system for overexpressing genes in the vascular wall, we created transgenic mice using the reporter gene luciferase and the murine preproendothelin-1 promoter. In vitro analysis suggested that the murine 5'-flanking region contained endothelial-specific elements in a 5.9-kb fragment. Five transgenic mice colonies established from independent founders all exhibited the highest level of luciferase activity in the aorta with up to 8,540 light units per microgram of protein. Immunohistochemistry with anti-luciferase antisera revealed high levels of expression in the endothelial cells of both large and small arteries and lower levels of expression in veins and capillaries. Significant expression was also seen in arterial smooth muscle cells and in select epithelial surfaces which is consistent with the known distribution of endothelin-1 in mammals. The further demonstrate the targeting capability of this system, we overexpressed the lipid-peroxidating enzyme, human 15-lipoxygenase, in the vessel wall of transgenic mice. As with luciferase, expression of active enzyme and immunohistochemical localization in vascular cells were documented in transgenic animals. Hence, this new system can be used to direct expression of molecules to the vascular wall for the purpose of examining the biological significance of either overexpression or inhibition of select proteins.
PCR-based assays of mendelian polymorphisms from anonymous single-copy nuclear DNA: techniques and applications for population genetics.
Authors: S A Karl, J C Avise
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1993)

This paper outlines a PCR-based approach for population genetics that offers several advantages over conventional Southern blotting methods for revealing restriction-fragment-length polymorphisms (RFLPs) in nuclear DNA. Primers are constructed from clones isolated from a nuclear DNA library, and these primers subsequently are employed in in vitro syntheses of homologous regions. Amplified products are then screened directly for RFLPs by using gel-staining procedures. Population applications for this PCR-based approach, including potential strengths and weaknesses, are exemplified by two RFLP data sets generated to estimate (a) male-mediated gene flow in the green turtle (Chelonia mydas) and (b) geographic population genetic structure in the American oyster (Crassostrea virginica). Restriction assays of amplified products from 14 or 15 independent primer pairs in each species revealed polymorphisms at several loci that proved highly informative in the population genetic analyses. In general, the Mendelian polymorphisms produced by this PCR-based approach will provide useful genetic markers for population studies, particularly in situations where simpler and less expensive allozyme methods have failed, for whatever reason, to provide adequate information.
Myocyte apoptosis in heart failure
Authors: V VANEMPEL, A BERTRAND, L HOFSTRA, H CRIJNS, P DOEVENDANS, L DEWINDT
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2005)

Human heart failure is preceded by a process termed cardiac remodeling in which heart chambers progressively enlarge and contractile function deteriorates. Programmed cell death (apoptosis) of cardiac muscle cells has been identified as an essential process in the progression to heart failure. The execution of the apoptotic program entails complex interactions between and execution of multiple molecular subprograms. Unlike necrosis, apoptosis is an orderly regulated process and, by inference, a logical therapeutic target if intervention occurs at an early stage. To identify potential therapeutic targets, it is imperative to have a full understanding of the apoptotic pathways that are functional in the cardiac muscle. Accordingly, the present review summarizes the apoptotic pathways operative in cardiac muscle and discusses therapeutic options related to apoptosis for the future treatment of human heart failure.
Comments on “Surgical resection plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone: comparison of two strategies to treat diffuse large B-cell gastric lymphoma” byM. Binn, A. Ruskoné-Fourmestraux, E. Lepage et al. (Ann Oncol 2003; 14: 1751–1757)
Authors: H. Abali, I. Barista
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2004)
The Surgical Treatment of Carcinoma of the Rectum
Authors: E. Parker Hayden
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1945)

CARCINOMA of the rectum and sigmoid is often encountered and is much more frequent in that segment than in other parts of the colon. It seems unnecessary to discuss the symptoms of this disease or to advance any arguments in favor of surgical treatment as against radiotherapy. It is doubtless generally agreed that radical surgery should be carried out whenever possible. In the presence of one or two metastases in the liver, or when the local growth, although extensive and perhaps abscessed, can still be removed, I have always completed the operation if possible, being willing to accept a higher . . .
Coronary Hemodynamics during Successive Elevation of Heart Rate by Pacing in Subjects with Angina Pectoris
Authors: SHINJI YOSHIDA, WILLIAM GANZ, ROBERTO DONOSO, HAROLD S. MARCUS, H. J. C. SWAN
Journal: Circulation (1971)

Coronary sinus blood flow was studied by the continuous thermodilution method in 13 subjects with normal coronary arteries and 14 patients with coronary artery disease during progressive elevation of the heart rate by atrial pacing. In 11 patients of the coronary group angina pectoris developed during pacing. In subjects with normal coronary arteries the coronary sinus blood flow rose proportionately (1.71 ± 0.19 ml/beat) and the coronary resistance decreased proportionately (0.06 ± 0.01 [See Equation in PDF File] beats) to the rise in heart rate. Similar changes in coronary sinus blood flow and coronary resistance were found in the pain-free pacing periods in patients with coronary artery disease (1.79 ± 0.21 ml/beat and 0.07 ± 0.01 [see Equation in pdf file]/10 beats, respectively). However, in the periods in which anginal pain was induced the changes in both flow and resistance were significantly lower than in either the noncoronary group or in the pain-free periods in the coronary group (0.66 ± 0.16 ml/beat and 0.00 ± 0.01[See Equation in PDF File]/10 beats, respectively). The study shows that the coronary blood flow in patients with coronary artery disease not only can be normal at rest, but the coronary bed as a whole can respond to increased metabolic demand by normal increases in flow and normal decreases in resistance up to the point at which coronary insufficiency develops.
EULAR recommendations for the non-pharmacological core management of hip and knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Linda Fernandes, Kåre B Hagen, Johannes W J Bijlsma, Oyvor Andreassen, Pia Christensen, Philip G Conaghan, Michael Doherty, Rinie Geenen, Alison Hammond, Ingvild Kjeken, L Stefan Lohmander, Hans Lund, Christian D Mallen, Tiziana Nava, Susan Oliver, Karel Pavelka, Irene Pitsillidou, José Antonio da Silva, Jenny de la Torre, Gustavo Zanoli, Theodora P M Vliet Vlieland
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

The objective was to develop evidence -based recommendations and a research and educational agenda for the non-pharmacological management of hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA). The multidisciplinary task force comprised 21 experts: nurses, occupational therapists, physiotherapists, rheumatologists, orthopaedic surgeons, general practitioner, psychologist, dietician, clinical epidemiologist and patient representatives. After a preliminary literature review, a first task force meeting and five Delphi rounds, provisional recommendations were formulated in order to perform a systematic review. A literature search of Medline and eight other databases was performed up to February 2012. Evidence was graded in categories I-IV and agreement with the recommendations was determined through scores from 0 (total disagreement) to 10 (total agreement). Eleven evidence-based recommendations for the non-pharmacological core management of hip and knee OA were developed, concerning the following nine topics: assessment, general approach, patient information and education, lifestyle changes, exercise, weight loss, assistive technology and adaptations, footwear and work. The average level of agreement ranged between 8.0 and 9.1. The proposed research agenda included an overall need for more research into non-pharmacological interventions for hip OA, moderators to optimise individualised treatment, healthy lifestyle with economic evaluation and long-term follow-up, and the prevention and reduction of work disability. Proposed educational activities included the required skills to teach, initiate and establish lifestyle changes. The 11 recommendations provide guidance on the delivery of non-pharmacological interventions to people with hip or knee OA. More research and educational activities are needed, particularly in the area of lifestyle changes.
Granulomatous Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
Authors: H D Birley, J R Buscombe, M H Griffiths, S J Semple, R F Miller
Journal: Thorax (1990)

Abstract A patient with an unusual granulomatous response to infection with Pneumocystis carinii is described. The diagnosis was made by open lung biopsy after two negative bronchoalveolar lavages.
Molecular Analysis of Gene Expression in the Developing Pontocerebellar Projection System
Authors: Elva Dı́az, Yongchao Ge, Yee Hwa Yang, Kenneth C. Loh, Tito A. Serafini, Yasushi Okazaki, Yoshihide Hayashizaki, Terence P. Speed, John Ngai, Peter Scheiffele
Journal: Neuron (2002)
MyD88 in DNA Repair and Cancer Cell Resistance to Genotoxic Drugs
Authors: Alain Kfoury, Katy Le Corf, Rana El Sabeh, Alexandra Journeaux, Bassam Badran, Nader Hussein, Serge Lebecque, Serge Manié, Toufic Renno, Isabelle Coste
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2013)

BackgroundMyD88 is an adaptor molecule in Toll-like receptor and interleukin 1 receptor signaling implicated in tumorigenesis through proinflammatory mechanisms. We have recently reported that MyD88 also directly promotes optimal activation of the Ras/Erk pathway. Here we investigate MyD88 implication in the maintenance of the transformation of Ras-dependent tumors.
TR-16 * PERSONALIZED TARGETED THERAPY IN REFRACTORY OR RELAPSED CANCER IN CHILDHOOD (TRICEPS STUDY)
Authors: S. Dumoucel, M. Duval, M. Marzouki, H. Bittencourt, Y. Samson, S. Cellot, G.-E. Rivard, P. Teira, A.-S. Carret, J. Healy, D. Dal Soglio, N. Patey, N. Piche, T. Sontag, S. Langlois, M. Lajoie, D. Sinnett
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

Despite all recent advances in cancer's treatment, 18% of children will die from their cancer. New tools that enable better individual tumor characterization and classification are required to improve patient care and outcomes on children. Personalized targeted therapy has proven to be a promising strategy for first line treatment in adult cancer. Given the high heterogeneity in childhood cancers, access to histopathology-based clinical trials for targeted therapy is challenging and facilitated by the capacity to sequence individual childhood tumors in real time. A feasibility study is currently underway at the CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, where 30 relapse or refractory cancer patients between 0 and 21 years, are being offered in-depth genomic and transcriptomic investigation to identify patient-specific alterations that may be targetable with alternative therapies. This pilot study will allow us to address the following questions: 1) determine the number of children with cancer who are suitable candidates for targeted therapy at our institution each year, 2) determine the number and type of driver mutation(s) found in our population of recurrent or refractory cancers, 3) determine the number of cancer patients who harbour actionable driver mutation(s) that can be targeted with a Health Canada approved targeted drug, 4) assess the feasibility of obtaining high quality/quantity biospecimen, performing genomic sequencing and data analysis, identifying a drug based on the genomic data and offering this information to the medical team, the patient and the family within a 10-week time frame. The following step toward translating our results into novel personalized therapeutic approaches will then be the development of phase II clinical trials to evaluate the efficacy of these targeted therapies in terms of therapeutic response, survival, and overall quality of life. Our overreaching goal is to be able to offer personalized targeted therapy options to all patients upon primary diagnosis of their cancer.
Steroid prophylaxis for prevention of nerve function impairment in leprosy: randomised placebo controlled trial (TRIPOD 1)
Authors: W Cairns S Smith, Alison M Anderson, Stephen G Withington, Wim H van Brakel, Richard P Croft, Peter G Nicholls, Jan Hendrik Richardus
Journal: BMJ (2004)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b> To determine whether addition of low dose prednisolone to multidrug treatment can prevent reaction and nerve function impairment in leprosy. <b>Design</b> Multicentre, double blind, randomised, placebo controlled, parallel group trial. <b>Setting</b> Six centres in Bangladesh and Nepal. <b>Participants</b> 636 people with newly diagnosed multibacillary leprosy. <b>Intervention</b> Prednisolone 20 mg/day for three months, with tapering dose in month 4, plus multidrug treatment, compared with multidrug treatment alone. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Signs of reaction, impairment of sensory and motor nerve function, and nerve tenderness needing full dose prednisolone at four months and one year. <b>Results</b> Prednisolone had a significant effect in the prevention of reaction and nerve function impairment at four months (relative risk 3.9, 95% confidence interval 2.1 to 7.3), but this was not maintained at one year (relative risk 1.3, 0.9 to 1.8). Fewer events occurred in the prednisolone group at all time points up to 12 months, but the difference at 12 months was small. Subgroup analysis showed a difference in response between people with and without impairment of nerve function at diagnosis. <b>Conclusions</b> The use of low dose prophylactic prednisolone during the first four months of multidrug treatment for leprosy reduces the incidence of new reactions and nerve function impairment in the short term, but the effect is not sustained at one year. The presence of nerve function impairment at diagnosis may influence the response to low dose prednisolone.
Disability Legacy of the Haitian Earthquake
Authors: Lisa I. Iezzoni
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

Haiti's earthquake caused untold numbers of new disabilities across the age spectrum, from infants and children to elderly individuals. Amputations, spinal cord and brain injuries, complex multiple fractures, and other massive trauma will leave residual impairments, precipitating pressing needs at both the individual and societal levels. Short-term priorities include clinical stabilization, wound healing, and surgical revisions of suboptimal repairs. Afterward, in the near term, comprehensive rehabilitation must commence to ensure the best possible functional outcomes. Even before the earthquake struck, Haiti had few rehabilitation professionals and little capacity to manufacture essential assistive technologies, including prostheses and wheelchairs. While international organizations are assisting to fill these gaps, ultimately rehabilitation programs and assistive technologies will need to fit the specific demands of Haiti's culture and rugged natural physical environment. As Haiti rebuilds its public and private spaces, ensuring accessibility to persons with disabilities will be critical. Ultimately, one positive legacy of Haiti's earthquake could be the emergence of social attitudes, public policies, and physical environments that more fully accommodate disability across the life span.
Identification and Clinical Significance of Mobilized Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Tumor Vasculogenesis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Decai Yu, Xitai Sun, Yudong Qiu, Jianxing Zhou, Yafu Wu, Lingyuan Zhuang, Jun Chen, Yitao Ding
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Purpose: To investigate the distribution, frequency, and clinical significance of mobilized endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Experimental Design: In healthy controls and patients with HCC, the frequency of circulating EPCs was determined by colony-forming assays, fluorescence-activated cell sorting, and real-time PCR. One hundred sixty-five–amino acid form of vascular endothelial growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor-BB in plasma and tissue were quantified by ELISA. The distribution and frequency of EPCs were evaluated by immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and real-time PCR in normal liver (n = 8), and tumor tissue (TT), adjacent nonmalignant liver tissue (AT), and tumor-free tissue 5 cm from the tumor edge (TF) from 64 patients with HCC. Clinicopathologic data for these patients were evaluated. Results: Compared with values for healthy controls, colony-forming unit scores were higher in the peripheral blood of patients with HCC. Plasma 165-amino acid form of vascular endothelial growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor-BB correlated with the expression level of the AC133 gene, which was also higher in the peripheral blood of patients with HCC. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that EPCs were incorporated into the microvessels in cirrhotic and tumor tissue. Compared with normal liver (9.00), increased AC133+ microvessel density (microvessels/0.74 mm2) was found in TT (53.56), AT (84.76), and TF (48.33). The levels of AC133 gene expression and AC133-microvessel density in AT, which were the highest among four groups, correlated with clinicopathologic variables (the absence of tumor capsule, venous invasion, proliferating cell nuclear antigen intensity, and early recurrence). Conclusions: Mobilized EPCs participate in tumor vasculogenesis of HCC. AC133 gene or antigen in peripheral blood and liver tissue could be used as a biomarker for predicting the progression of HCC.
Hemoglobin Yoshizuka (G10(108)β asparagine→aspartic acid): a new variant with a reduced oxygen affinity from a Japanese family
Authors: Takashi Imamura, Shigeru Fujita, Yoshiro Ohta, Motosuke Hanada, Toshiyuki Yanase
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1969)

During the course of a survey, a new hemoglobin, designated hemoglobin Yoshizuka, has been encountered in a Japanese family. Clinically, mild anemia was noted in five of six heterozygous individuals but no other significant abnormalities were found. Hemoglobin Yoshizuka is characterized by the substitution of aspartic acid for asparagine at the tenth residue of the G helix in the β-chain. Reduced oxygen affinity with almost normal heme-heme interaction was found to be a property of this abnormal hemoglobin.