tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Does revision ACL reconstruction measure up to primary surgery? A meta-analysis comparing patient-reported and clinician-reported outcomes, and radiographic results
Authors: Alberto Grassi, Clare L Ardern, Giulio Maria Marcheggiani Muccioli, Maria Pia Neri, Maurilio Marcacci, Stefano Zaffagnini
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2016)

Purpose To compare patient-reported and clinician-reported outcomes, and radiographic results between patients who had had revision ACL reconstruction and those who had had primary ACL reconstruction. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis Data sources The MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE and SPORTDiscus electronic databases were searched on 6 August 2015, using 3 main concepts: (1) revision ACL reconstruction, (2) primary ACL reconstruction and (3) treatment outcomes. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies Articles that compared patient-reported or clinician-reported outcomes or radiographic results between patients who had had revision ACL reconstruction and those who had had primary surgery with a minimum of 2 years follow-up were included. The outcomes evaluated were the Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale, objective International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) classification, Tegner Activity Scale, side-to-side difference in anterior tibial translation measured with KT-1000/2000 arthrometer, pivot shift test, tibiofemoral osteoarthritis grading on plain radiographs and subsequent knee surgeries. Results 8 studies (300 revision ACL reconstructions and 413 primary ACL reconstructions) were included in the meta-analysis. Patients who had had revision surgery reported inferior Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale scores (mean difference: 7.8 points), had inferior clinician-reported knee function as assessed with the objective IKDC classification (IKDC category A: 27% vs 57%; IKDC category C or D: 22% vs 8%) and pivot shift test (grade II or III: 7% vs 2%), and more radiographic evidence of tibiofemoral osteoarthritis (50% vs 25%) compared with patients who had had primary surgery. Conclusions Revision ACL reconstruction restored similar anterior-posterior knee laxity compared with primary ACL reconstruction. Patients who had had revision surgery reported inferior Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale scores, had inferior clinician-reported knee function and more radiographic signs of tibiofemoral osteoarthritis compared with patients with primary ACL reconstruction.
Detection of Carcinoembryonic Antigen in the Media of Cultures of Carcinomatous Cells of Digestive-System Origin<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref>
Authors: Colbert A. Laing, Gloria H. Heppner, Lowell E. Kopp, Paul Calabresi
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1972)

A radioimmunoassay technique was used to detect carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in the media of cultured cells from various human cancers. Of 6 adenocarcinomas of the colon or rectum, 4 gave positive results, with high titers; 1 of 7 breast carcinomas and 1 parotid carcinoma reacted positively, with borderline titers. Of 8 melanomas and 11 other neoplasms fested, none was positive. One colon carcinoma had high titers, even after 31 days in culture.
Dose effect of ipilimumab in patients with advanced melanoma: Results from a phase II, randomized, dose-ranging study
Authors: O. Hamid, K. Chin, J. Li, B. Neyns, G. Linette, S. Negrier, J. Lutzky, A. Hoos, J. Wolchock, C. Lebbé
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

9025 Background: Ipilimumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody directed against cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4). Data from a phase II study showed that patients with previously treated advanced melanoma had proportionately more complete/partial responses (CR/PR) and stable disease (SD) with ipilimumab induction 10 mg/kg every 3 weeks (Q3W) X 4 compared with lower doses using the same schedule. Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, multicenter, phase II trial, patients with unresectable stage III/IV melanoma who had progressive disease (PD) on or were intolerant to prior therapies received ipilimumab induction dosing at 0.3, 3, or 10 mg/kg Q3W X 4. Eligible patients received maintenance therapy Q12W starting at Week 24 at their assigned blinded dose. Patients with PD could cross over to open-label ipilimumab 10 mg/kg induction plus maintenance in another study. The primary endpoint was the best overall response rate (BORR [CR or PR]). Efficacy was measured with modified World Health Organization (mWHO) criteria. Per protocol, tumor evaluation after PD by mWHO (ie, an overall > 25% increase in measurable tumor burden) before treatment with non-ipilimumab neoplastic therapy was permitted. Results: There were 217 patients treated. There was a statistically significant trend indicating an increase in BORR with increasing dose (p = 0.0015). The difference in BORR between 10 and 0.3 mg/kg was 11.2% [95% CI, 3.9 - 18.5]. Rates of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) increased with increasing dose. Conclusions: These data favor 10 mg/kg as the optimal dose. 0.3 mg/kg appears to be clinically ineffective. Follow-up for patients is ongoing. Ipilimumab dose (mg/kg) 10 (n = 72) 3 (n = 72) 0.3 (n = 73) BORR - % [95% CI] CR - n 11.1 [4.9 - 20.7] 2 4.2 [0.9 - 11.7] 0 0 [0.0 - 4.9] 0 Disease control rate (DCR = PR + CR + SD) - % [95% CI] 29.2 [19.0 - 41.1] 26.4 [16.7 - 38.1] 13.7 [6.8 - 23.8] Any irAE - % 70.4 64.8 26.4 Grade 3/4 irAE - % Any 25.4 7.0 Gastrointestinal 15.5 2.8 0 Hepatobiliary 2.8 0 0 Endocrine 1.4 2.8 0 Skin 4.2 1.4 0 Bowel perforations - % 0 0 0 Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Bristol-Myers Squibb Bristol-Myers Squibb
Carboplatin, methotrexate, vinblastine and epirubicin (Carbo-MVE) for transitional cell bladder carcinoma
Authors: C. Solá, J. Mallafré, L. Mendoza Solórzano, A. Segarra, M. Daniels, N. Vinolas, A. Alcaraz, M. Solé, R. Alvarez, A. Biete, J. Estapé
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1993)
Impact of diabetes on the presenting features of tuberculosis patients
Authors: Bouthayna Ben Safta, Jihene Ben Amar, Besma Dhahri, Saloua Azzabi, Mohammed Ali Baccar, Hichem Aouina, Hend Bouacha
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Diabetes prevalence has increased dramatically in countries already afflicted with a high burden of TB. The confluence of these two major diseases presents a serious threat to global public health.   Aims:  We investigated the effects of diabetes on treatment outcomes in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.   Methods:  This retrospective study on the impact of diabetes on the course of pulmonary tuberculosis was conducted in 35 diabetic patients with tuberculosis treated at the Charles Nicolle Hospital between January 2007 and December 2013.   Results:  The mean age of patients was 54 years (21-74 years).  Of the 210 patients hospitalized with tuberculosis, 35 (16.6%) had diabetes, of which 32 (91%) had been diagnosed with DM prior to PTB diagnosis and 3 (8%) had developed DM at PTB diagnosis.Weight loss was the most common complain (74%), with fever (51%), cough (69%), and dyspnea (23%).  Radiographic distribution of the lesions: multilobar lesions predominated in 77%, cavitary lesions were present in 42%, and Lower –zone involvement in 43%.  The duration of bacteriological conversion intervals was 50 days.  The diagnosis of MDR-TB was made in 1 patient and recurrence was detected in 3 patients.  During the follow-up period, 33 patients improved with pulmonary sequelea in 81% but 2 died of diabetic ketoacidosis.   Conclusion:  Diabetes appeared to have an induction and aggravating effect on tuberculosis. Tuberculosis aggravates diabetes and increases the frequency of complications compared with diabetics without tuberculosis.
Both Stroma and Stem Cell Factor Maintain Long-Term Growth of ELM Erythroleukemia Cells, but Only Stroma Prevents Erythroid Differentiation in Response to Erythropoietin and Interleukin-3
Authors: Jim O'Prey, Nick Leslie, Katsukiko Itoh, Wolfram Ostertag, Chris Bartholomew, Paul R. Harrison
Journal: Blood (1998)
Immediate hypersensitivity reactions to ibuprofen and other arylpropionic acid derivatives
Authors: N. Blanca‐López, D. Pérez‐Alzate, I. Andreu, I. Doña, J. A. Agúndez, E. García‐Martín, M. Salas, M. Á. Miranda, M. J. Torres, J. A. Cornejo‐García, M. Blanca, G. Canto
Journal: Allergy (2016)

Although ibuprofen and other arylpropionic acid derivatives (APs) are the most common medicines involved in hypersensitivity drug reactions (HDRs) to NSAIDs, no patient series studies have been performed regarding immediate selective reactions (SRs) to these drugs.To characterize patients with immediate selective HDRs to ibuprofen and other APs through clinical history and challenge.Subjects who developed an HDR to APs less than 1 h after drug intake were included. Tolerance to aspirin was assessed and challenge was performed with ibuprofen in all cases, and additionally with the culprit drug (if different) in those patients that tolerated ibuprofen. Serum tryptase levels and tryptase immunohistochemical staining in skin biopsies were also assessed in some patients with a positive DPT to ibuprofen.From a total of 245 patients with a confirmed history of HDRs to APs, 17% were classified as selective immediate hypersensitivity reactors by both clinical history and challenge. A selective response to naproxen and dexketoprofen with tolerance to ibuprofen was found in 16 of 20 cases. Significant differences in serum tryptase levels were observed between 2 and 24 h in the 11 cases that were studied further.Within the group of patients with HDRs to NSAIDs, APs can induce immediate SRs. Within this group, selective responses to a single drug or responders to several APs may exist, suggesting potential immunological cross-reactivity.
Transplantation of Chicken Tumor RPL12 in Homologous Hosts&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Jan Pontén
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1962)

The homologous transplantability of the virus-associated chicken tumor RPL12 was investigated with the use of sex chromosomes as cell markers. The tumor had cells of a female character and was transplantable in the three different chicken strains tested. The involvement of the liver and spleen that occurred in advanced cases was due to infiltration of these organs by the transplanted cells. In the spleen some dividing cells belonging to the recipient were also observed, which was interpreted as a sign of an immunological response rather than any induction of malignant cells. If graded doses of tumor cells were used, 100 percent takes were still obtained with 4,900 cells, which was the lowest dose tested.
Abstract P114: Interaction of Dietary n-3 Fatty Acids on Cardiac Risk by J-point Elevation in Japanese Men: NIPPON DATA80
Authors: Takashi Hisamatsu, Katsuyuki Miura, Takayoshi Ohkubo, Naoko Miyagawa, Akira Fujiyoshi, Naoyuki Takashima, Aya Kadota, Nagako Okuda, Yoshitaka Murakami, Minoru Horie, Tomonori Okamura, Akira Okayama, Hirotsugu Ueshima
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Early repolarization, characterized by an elevation of QRS-ST junction (J-point) on a 12-lead electrocardiography, has recently been considered an independent predictor of cardiac or sudden death. Meanwhile, protective effects of n-3 fatty acids (FAs) on cardiovascular diseases have been demonstrated in epidemiologic studies and clinical trials. Therefore, we assessed the hypothesis that an increased dietary intake of n-3 FAs may reduce poor prognosis of J-point elevation (JpE). Methods: A total of 4443 community-dwelling men (mean age of 49.5 years) without previous cardiovascular diseases from randomly selected areas across Japan were included for the analysis. The primary endpoint was cardiac death during a mean follow-up of 20.4±6.1 years. JpE was defined as an elevation of J-point at least one lead: ≥0.2mV in V 1-4 leads or ≥0.1mV in other leads. Dietary intakes of n-3 FAs were calculated by a combined method using household-based food-weighing records and an approximation of the proportions of each dish or food shared in the household. The hazard ratios (HRs) (95% confidence interval [95%CI]) of JpE for cardiac death were estimated by Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, diabetes mellitus, smoking status, drinking habits, medication status, cohort, heart rate, dietary sodium, dietary fiber, dietary saturated fatty acids, high R wave on electrocardiography (based on Minnesota Codes 3.1 and 3.3), and suspected coronary heart disease on electrocardiography (based on Minnesota Codes 1.1 to 1.3, 5.1 to 5.2, 4.1 to 4.3, 7.1, and 7.4). Results: JpE were present in 153 of 2176 (7.0%) and 187 of 2267 (8.2%) individuals in low (&lt;the median n-3 FAs level of 1.06%kcal) and high (≥1.06%kcal) n-3 FAs groups, respectively. During follow-up period, the number of deaths from cardiac causes in low and high n-3 FAs groups were 128 (5.9%) and 85 (3.7%), respectively. In the low n-3 FAs group, individuals with JpE had a significantly higher HR of cardiac death than those without JpE (2.77; 95%CI, 1.60-4.82; P=0.001). In contrast, in the high n-3 FAs group, a HR was not significantly increased (0.85; 95%CI, 0.37-1.97; P=0.711) (P for n-3 FAs-JpE interaction = 0.032). Conclusions: An increased risk of cardiac death related to JpE was attenuated in individuals with higher dietary intake of n-3 FAs, suggesting that a higher n-3 FAs intake may prevent long-term cardiac risk associated with JpE
Clinical and pathologic correlates in breast cancer (BC) brain metastasis (BM): Tissue microarray (TMA) studies
Authors: M. L. Johnson, T. Nehhozina, A. K. Conlin, M. Hsu, S. Patil, K. Jhaveri, C. A. Hudis, E. Brogi, A. D. Seidman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

1039 Background: BM occur in ∼30% of BC patients (pts). BM tropism and dissemination are not well understood. We correlated tumor signatures with clin. variables and compared path. characteristics of matched primary (1º) BC and BM. Methods: Clin. data from records of 209 BC pts with available BM tissue at MSKCC (1989–2006) was included in the retrospective analysis. Of 56 1º BC and 133 BM archived samples, 43 were paired. All were analyzed by TMA. ER, PR, and HER2 were evaluated. We also assessed cytokeratins (CK) 5/6, 4A4, calponin, EGFR and c-kit. Clin. variables were compared with path. markers using Fisher's exact, Wilcoxon or Kruskal-Wallis tests. Differences in survival (OS) from diagnosis (dx) of BM to death due to disease or last follow-up were tested by log-rank. McNemar's exact test assessed differences in paired proportions of matched TMAs. Results: The median (med) age at BC dx was 45 (26–83), and at BM, 50 (30–83). The med time from BC dx to BM was 37 months (mos.) (0–432). Neither age at BC dx (≤ 45 vs. > 45) nor race (white/black/other) was associated with time from 1º BC to BM. Med. OS from dx of BM was 19 mos., 95%CI (13, 24): 27 mos. for pts with solitary BM and 11 for pts with multiple (mult.) BM (p<0.0001). There was no OS difference by site of 1st met (BM vs. other). Lymph node (LN) (-) pts had a longer time from BC to BM compared to LN (+) pts (43 vs. 34 mos., p=0.02). T1 tumors metastasized to brain at a med. of 41 mos., while larger (T2 and T3) BCs metastasized after 27 and 30 mos. respectively (p=0.03). This was also noted restricting for LN (+) pts (p=0.04). No differences in markers were observed between pts with solitary vs. mult. BM. Among the 56 1º BC TMAs there was a trend toward CK 5/6 overexpression in pts with mult. BM (p=0.07). Comparison of paired 1º BC and BM TMAs revealed no significant discordance of ER, PR, HER2, EGFR or CK 5/6. Conclusions: Smaller T-size and (-) LN status at 1º BC dx was associated with a longer time to BM. Paired analysis of molecular profiles for 1º BC and BM showed concordance between assessed markers. No TMA signature distinguished pts more likely to develop mult. vs. solitary BM. CK 5/6 expression in 1º BC may be associated with greater chance of multiple BM. Further analysis of potentially relevant markers will be directed by ongoing animal models of BC BM. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Phase II trial of ifosfamide and mesna in advanced ovarian carcinoma: a Gynecologic Oncology Group Study.
Authors: G P Sutton, J A Blessing, H D Homesley, M L Berman, J Malfetano
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1989)

Ifosfamide (isophosphamide) and mesna (2-mercaptoethane sodium sulfonate) were administered intravenously at monthly intervals to 46 patients with advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma refractory to or recurrent after cisplatin-containing combination chemotherapy. Initially, ifosfamide was given as 1.5 g/m2/d x 5 days and mesna as 300 mg/m2 every 4 hours for three doses following ifosfamide, but the initial dose of ifosfamide was reduced to 1.2 g/m2 because of toxicity. Four of the patients initially entered were found to be ineligible: two who had had more than one prior chemotherapy regimen and two who did not have ovarian primaries. One patient received an inadequate trial and four patients had discontinuation of therapy because of toxicity, leaving 41 evaluable for response. Three patients (7.0%) had complete responses and five (13.0%) had partial responses for an overall response rate of 20.0%. Response duration ranged from 2.1 to 20.3 + months with a median of 6.9 + months. Two patients died of renal failure, one of whom had no known renal disease and received 1.5 g/m2/d x 5 days ifosfamide. The second patient received the 1.2 g/m2 dose and was found to have chronic pyelonephritis and pyonephrosis at autopsy. Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) grade 3 or 4 granulocytopenia was seen in eight (19.5%), grade 3 or 4 thrombocytopenia in four (9.8%), and grade 3 or 4 neurotoxicity in six (14.6%) of the 41 patients evaluable for toxicity. Ifosfamide/mesna is active in epithelial ovarian cancer. GOG trials in untreated patients are being initiated and toxicity is being evaluated.
Targeting hepatic TRAF1-ASK1 signaling to improve inflammation, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis
Authors: Mei Xiang, Pi-Xiao Wang, Ai-Bing Wang, Xiao-Jing Zhang, Yaxing Zhang, Peng Zhang, Fang-Hua Mei, Man-Hua Chen, Hongliang Li
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2016)
Immediate non-invasive ventilatory (NIV) support in patients with severe respiratory failure on the emergency ward (ED)
Authors: Horvath Christian, Bernarde Schillig, Markus Diethelm, Gian-Reto Kleger, Martin H. Brutsche, Rebekka Finger, Tino Schneider, Joseph Osterwalder, Jochen J. Rüdiger
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Patients with severe respiratory failure (SRF) are often in need for rapid ventilatory support. Acute NIV is frequently limited to the intensive care unit (ICU). We hypothesized that initiation of NIV in the ED may benefit these patients.

In a multidisciplinary consensus we created the following ED NIV protocol:

- Patients admitted to the ED with SRF defined as either respiratory rate

(RR)>25/min, SpO2<92% despite 6L/min supplemental oxygen and/or

hypoventilation (paCO2>7.4kPa).

- Initiation of NIV by respiratory therapists (RTs) within 30 min after calling theRTs

- NIV in the ED was limited to office hours (otherwise standard care)

Results: Within 6 months, 55 patients qualified. 44 cases were assessed on the ED, 31 during office hours. 2 did not receive NIV (improvement or abdominal distress). Main reasons for SRF were COPD, pulmonary edema and pneumonia. RR, acidosis and hypercarbia improved in all but 2 patients within 60 min of NIV (RR 30+/-8/min to 19+/-6/min, pH 7.32+/-0.11 to 7.39+/-0.07, and pCO2 8.13+/-2.21kPa to 6.32+/-2.26kPa). 13 patients were placed on ICU, 4 had been intubated. 5 of 13 patients with a no-resuscitation order died. An important indication in such cases was palliation of dyspnea.

Conclusion: NIV on the ED resulted in substantial and rapid clinical benefit, even in palliative settings. NIV in SRF bridges optimal patient management between ED, ICU and medical ward.

![Figure][1]  [1]: pending:yes
Major Histologic Types of Cancers of the Gum and Mouth, Esophagus, Larynx, and Lung by Sex and by Income Level&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: V L Ernster, S Selvin, S T Sacks, D W Merrill, E A Holly
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

Incidence rates by income level were computed for squamous cell carcinomas of the gum and mouth, larynx, and esophagus and for squamous cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma of the lung in white males and females aged 35--64 years, with the use of data for the nine geographic areas of the Third National Cancer Survey and the 1970 U.S. census. Within sex, age, and geographic area groups, patterns of cancer incidence by income level were analyzed by use of a nonparametric statistical method. Higher rates for males than for females were found for every histologic type studied, and the ratio of male-to-female rates increased with age (especially for squamous cell carcinomas of the larynx and lung). A strong inverse relation to income level was found for all of the histologic types studied in males and for squamous cell carcinomas of the gum and mouth and esophagus and small cell carcinoma of the lung in females. These findings are discussed with reference to patterns of smoking and alcohol use by sex and social class.
肝、胰、胆系统基础知识（三）肝脏肿瘤
Authors: IJBeckingham, JEJKrige, 郭慧兰, 周丽雅
Journal: BMJ (2003)

肝脏肿瘤可为囊性或实性,良性或恶性。大多数患者无临床症状且肝功能正常,常在进行超声波或CT检查时偶然发现。虽然多数为良性肿瘤且无需任何治疗,但对专业人员而言,能够区分需要进一步检查的病变十分重要,可以避免不必要的肝穿刺活组织检查。由于现代影像学和肝脏外科技术的进步,目前大多数肝脏恶性肿瘤能够像良性肿瘤一样被安全地切除,并可能获得根治。
Potential confounding in colchicine and cardiovascular disease study
Authors: Daniel H Solomon, Seoyoung C Kim
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

Potential confounding in colchicine and cardiovascular disease studyWe appreciate the interest in our recent paper. 1 As Nielen 2 notes, we were explicit about potential limitations of the observational methods.The author's suggestion to pick a random index date for non-users is a widely employed method, but we strongly believe that the intensity of healthcare use of colchicine users and non-users should be as similar as possible.This is why we picked an index date for non-users associated with a healthcare visit.A randomised controlled trial would be the ideal method to examine whether or not colchicine prevents cardiovascular events in patients with gout.While we agree with Nielen that our study may not have ideally balanced potential confounders, this is nearly impossible to achieve (and prove!) in observational studies.We suggest that the rheumatology community should focus attention on determining the feasibility of a large multi-site colchicine trial among patients with gout.This would be a study that would move the field forward with high-grade evidence.
TAS-102 prolongs overall survival in refractory colorectal cancer, study shows
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2015)

TAS-102, an oral drug that combines two agents to maintain blood levels of the active antitumour component, significantly prolongs survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer that is refractory to standard therapies, a phase III trial reported in the New England Journal of Medicine has shown.

Patients with colorectal cancer are routinely treated with fluoropyrimidines, which inhibit a key step …