tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cardiac Nonmyocytes in the Hub of Cardiac Hypertrophy
Authors: Takehiro Kamo, Hiroshi Akazawa, Issei Komuro
Journal: Circulation Research (2015)

Cardiac hypertrophy is characterized by complex multicellular alterations, such as cardiomyocyte growth, angiogenesis, fibrosis, and inflammation. The heart consists of myocytes and nonmyocytes, such as fibroblasts, vascular cells, and blood cells, and these cells communicate with each other directly or indirectly via a variety of autocrine or paracrine mediators. Accumulating evidence has suggested that nonmyocytes actively participate in the development of cardiac hypertrophy. In this review, recent progress in our understanding of the importance of nonmyocytes as a hub for induction of cardiac hypertrophy is summarized with an emphasis of the contribution of noncontact communication mediated by diffusible factors between cardiomyocytes and nonmyocytes in the heart.
P-244 Prospective study of S-1 + Irinotecan plus bevacizumab as second-line therapy in Japanese patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (KSCC1102)
Authors: H. Satake, A. Tsuji, Y. Emi, M. Shimokawa, Y. Miyamoto, H. Saeki, E. Oki, S. Maekawa, H. Tanioka, Y. Akagi, H. Baba, Y. Ogata, Y. Maehara
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Effects of the angiotensin receptor blocker, telmisartan, on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients intolerant to ACE-inhibitors. Erratum of Vol 372(9644):1174-83
Authors: S. Yusuf, K. Koon, Craig S. Anderson, J. Chalmers, J. Pogue, L. Dyal, I. Copland, H. Schumacher, P Sleight
Journal: The Lancet (2008)
Interest of fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) in the preoperative evaluation of breast cancer.
Authors: A. Steiner, C. Soler, C. Bouteille, E. Gremillet, B. Geissler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e11506 Background: FDG-PET was applied to patients with breast cancer for the purpose of preoperative evaluation and surgical management. Methods: FDG-PET was performed preoperatively in 108 patients with breast cancer. The maximum standard uptake value (SUV-max) and the size of breast tumors were calculated. Axillary SUV-max and focal accumulation of FDG in the axillary region (with the help of tomodensitometry to locate the axillary region) were also evaluated. Results: Of the 108 patients, 108 had breast cancer on histopathology. PET showed focal accumulation in 101 patients. In these 101 patients, SUV-max and breast tumor size were ranged from 1.88 to 24.55 and 1.5 to 5 centimetres respectively. In all 101 cases, focal accumulation of FDG was superior at the histopathology measurement. Of the 108 patients, 77 had lymph node metastasis on histopathology. PET-FDG showed axillary focal accumulation in 40 cases (37 %), SUV-max ranged from 1.3 to 12. Of the 108 patients, 31 had not lymph node metastasis on histopathology; SUV-max was noted at zero in all 31 patients. So, what about modifications for the clinical management of breast cancer due to FDG-PET conclusions. On 45 patients (42%), FDG-PET results changed the management of the disease. In 13 cases (28.5%), clinical tumor size were noted T2 stage without focal accumulation of FDG in the axillary region, then, Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy procedure was nevertheless initiated and total axillary dissection was avoided. In 11 cases (24%), patients had focal accumulation of FDG in axillary region but no suspect lymph node at physical examination. During surgery, node was histological studied and total axillary dissection was performed when node had metastases. In 13 cases (28.5%), FDG-PET showed unknown distant metastasis avoiding large surgery replaced by chemotherapy. In 8 cases (17%), the treatment changes for others raisons (lymphoma diagnosis, thymus cancer diagnosis, benign controlateral nodes). Only in 1 (2%) case, we mistake because of the negative axillary FDG-PET about a T2 tumor. Conclusions: FDG-PET seems to be important in the management of breast cancer to make the right choice for the treatment avoiding over treatment or under treatment. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Designing string-of-beads vaccines with optimal spacers
Authors: Benjamin Schubert, Oliver Kohlbacher
Journal: Genome Medicine (2016)

String-of-beads polypeptides allow convenient delivery of epitope-based vaccines. The success of a polypeptide relies on efficient processing: constituent epitopes need to be recovered while avoiding neo-epitopes from epitope junctions. Spacers between epitopes are employed to ensure this, but spacer selection is non-trivial.We present a framework to determine optimally the length and sequence of a spacer through multi-objective optimization for human leukocyte antigen class I restricted polypeptides. The method yields string-of-bead vaccines with flexible spacer lengths that increase the predicted epitope recovery rate fivefold while reducing the immunogenicity from neo-epitopes by 44% compared to designs without spacers.
Fish Intake in Pregnancy and Child Growth
Authors: Nikos Stratakis, Theano Roumeliotaki, Emily Oken, Henrique Barros, Mikel Basterrechea, Marie-Aline Charles, Merete Eggesbø, Francesco Forastiere, Romy Gaillard, Ulrike Gehring, Eva Govarts, Wojciech Hanke, Barbara Heude, Nina Iszatt, Vincent W. Jaddoe, Cecily Kelleher, Monique Mommers, Mario Murcia, Andreia Oliveira, Costanza Pizzi, Kinga Polanska, Daniela Porta, Lorenzo Richiardi, Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman, Greet Schoeters, Jordi Sunyer, Carel Thijs, Karien Viljoen, Martine Vrijheid, Tanja G. M. Vrijkotte, Alet H. Wijga, Maurice P. Zeegers, Manolis Kogevinas, Leda Chatzi
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2016)

Maternal fish intake in pregnancy has been shown to influence fetal growth. The extent to which fish intake affects childhood growth and obesity remains unclear.To examine whether fish intake in pregnancy is associated with offspring growth and the risk of childhood overweight and obesity.Multicenter, population-based birth cohort study of singleton deliveries from 1996 to 2011 in Belgium, France, Greece, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Spain, and Massachusetts. A total of 26,184 pregnant women and their children were followed up at 2-year intervals until the age of 6 years.Consumption of fish during pregnancy.We estimated offspring body mass index percentile trajectories from 3 months after birth to 6 years of age. We defined rapid infant growth as a weight gain z score greater than 0.67 from birth to 2 years and childhood overweight/obesity at 4 and 6 years as body mass index in the 85th percentile or higher for age and sex. We calculated cohort-specific effect estimates and combined them by random-effects meta-analysis.This multicenter, population-based birth cohort study included the 26,184 pregnant women and their children. The median fish intake during pregnancy ranged from 0.5 times/week in Belgium to 4.45 times/week in Spain. Women who ate fish more than 3 times/week during pregnancy gave birth to offspring with higher body mass index values from infancy through middle childhood compared with women with lower fish intake (3 times/week or less). High fish intake during pregnancy (>3 times/week) was associated with increased risk of rapid infant growth, with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 1.22 (95% CI, 1.05-1.42) and increased risk of offspring overweight/obesity at 4 years (aOR, 1.14 [95% CI, 0.99-1.32]) and 6 years (aOR, 1.22 [95% CI, 1.01-1.47]) compared with an intake of once per week or less. Interaction analysis showed that the effect of high fish intake during pregnancy on rapid infant growth was greater among girls (aOR, 1.31 [95% CI, 1.08-1.59]) than among boys (aOR, 1.11 [95% CI, 0.92-1.34]; P = .02 for interaction).High maternal fish intake during pregnancy was associated with increased risk of rapid growth in infancy and childhood obesity. Our findings are in line with the fish intake limit proposed by the US Food and Drug Administration and Environmental Protection Agency.
Phase I study of bendamustine combined with rituximab in relapsed or refractory aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL).
Authors: M. Taniwaki, M. Ogura, Y. Matsumoto, T. Uchida, K. Ohmachi, K. Ando, T. Watanabe, K. Tobinai
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e18540 Background: Bendamustine hydrochloride is a purine analog/alkylator hybrid agent with a unique mechanism of action. Although bendamustine with or without rituximab has been shown to be effective in indolent B-NHL and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), the efficacy for aggressive B-NHL has not been extensively studied. To assess the toxicity profiles in relapsed or refractory aggressive B-NHL, we conducted a multicenter phase I study. Methods: Patients (pts) with diffuse large B- cell lymphoma (DLBCL), MCL, transformed lymphoma (TL), and follicular lymphoma (grade 3) relapsed or refractory after 1 or 2 prior regimens excluding high- dose therapy were eligible. Rituximab (375 mg/m2) and bendamustine (90 or 120 mg/m2) were administered on day 1, and on days 2 and 3 of each 21-day cycle for up to 6 cycles, respectively. Dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) was assessed during the first cycle of the treatment. The pharmacokinetics of bendamustine was examined. The preliminary efficacy was assessed according to the Revised Response Criteria for Malignant Lymphoma. Results: A total of 9 pts, 3 pts (3 DLBCL) at a dose of 90 mg/m2 and 6 pts (2 DLBCL, 2 MCL, and 2 TL) at a dose of 120 mg/m2, were enrolled. The median age and number of prior therapies were 65 years old (range 56 to 74) and 1 (range 1 to 2), respectively. No DLT was observed at both levels. The most frequent toxicities at the first cycle were grade 3/4 lymphopenia (100%) and grade 1-3 leukopenia (89%). Although 1 grade 3 febrile neutropenia was observed, non-hematologic toxicities were mild. The most frequent non-hematologic toxicities were grade 1 constipation (89%) and grade 1/2 nausea (22%). Nausea and vomiting were controllable by prophylactic anti-emetics. The overall response rate (ORR) was 78% (7/9) with a complete response (CR) rate of 44% (4/9). Tmax (mean ± SD) of bendamustine was 1.0 ± 0.0 hour at both levels. Cmax and AUC increased in proportion to the doses. Conclusions: Bendamustine (120 mg/m2/day) combined with rituximab (375 mg/m2) was well-tolerated and active in relapsed or refractory aggressive B-NHL. Based on these encouraging results, we are planning to conduct a phase II study. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Reliability of ATS/ERS criteria for the diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Shinichiro Ohshimo, Francesco Bonella, Koichi Tanigawa, Nobuoki Kohno, Josune Guzman, Ulrich Costabel
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background: The 2002 ATS/ERS Consensus Classification has been widely accepted as the standard classification for interstitial lung diseases (ILD). However, the diagnostic accuracy of the major/minor criteria in the ATS/ERS Classification for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is still controversial.

Aims and objectives: To evaluate the reliability of the major/minor criteria in the ATS/ERS Classification for IPF.

Methods: Patients with ILD admitted to Ruhrlandklinik (Essen, Germany) were retrospectively studied. All patients presenting with an insidious onset and a duration of illness of >3 months were included. Because of the concept that the exclusion of known causes for ILD is not always easy, we also enrolled patients with secondary ILD (dust/drug exposure or CVD-associated). The diagnostic accuracy of the major/minor criteria for IPF was evaluated.

Results: A total of 163 patients with suspected ILD were studied. The final diagnoses of the enrolled patients were IPF (n=82), other IIP (n=42) and secondary ILD (n=39). In the univariate analysis, the p-value of the criteria (%VC =25Torr, PaO2 50, and bibasilar crackles) for the diagnosis of IPF were 0.04, 0.94, 0.65, 0.08, 0.29, <0.0001, <0.0001, 0.97, and 0.0015, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, the typical findings for IPF on HRCT (p<0.0001) and BAL lymphocytosis <30% (p=0.0001) showed independent diagnostic significance for IPF.

Conclusions: Typical findings for IPF in HRCT and BAL lymphocytosis <30% were of diagnostic significance for IPF.
Gene duplications and evolution of the short wavelength-sensitive visual pigments in vertebrates.
Authors: S Yokoyama
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1994)

When invertebrate rhodopsins were used as the outgroup, the rooted phylogenetic tree of 26 vertebrate visual pigments (VPs) was constructed. These VPs are distinguished into the following four clusters: (1) RH1 cluster consisting of rhodopsins, (2) RH2 cluster consisting of VPs with variable ranges of absorption spectra, (3) SWS cluster of short wavelength-sensitive VPs, and (4) LWS/MSW cluster of long and medium wavelength-sensitive VPs. Short wavelength-sensitive VPs from Astyanax fasciatus (AF23), goldfish (BCa), chicken (BCg and VGg), and human (BHs) belong to SWS cluster, whereas that from gecko (BGge) belongs to the RH2 cluster. The SWS cluster is further divided into SWS-I (BHs and VGg) and SWS-II (AF23, BCa, and BGg) groups. The SWS-I group has accumulated more amino acid changes than any other group of VPs. It is suggested that amino acid changes at a few key positions might have been important in the functional differentiation of the SWS-I group from the SWS-II group.
Nomogram for predicting the risk of locoregional recurrence in patients treated with accelerated partial-breast irradiation.
Authors: Jessica Wobb, Peter Y. Chen, Chirag Shah, Meena S. Moran, Simona Flora Shaitelman, Frank A. Vicini, Alfred K. Mbah, Maureen Lyden, Peter D. Beitsch
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

59 Background: There are limited tools to guide clinicians regarding the risk of locoregional recurrence (LRR) in patients wishing to pursue APBI. The purpose of this study was to develop a nomogram taking into account clinicopathologic features to predict LRR in patients treated with APBI for early stage breast cancer. Methods: A total of 2,000 breasts (1,990 women) were treated with APBI at William Beaumont Hospital (N=551) or on the ASBrS MammoSite Registry Trial (N=1,449). Techniques included multiplanar interstitial catheters (N=98), balloon-based brachytherapy (N=1,689), and 3D conformal radiotherapy (N=213). Clinicopathologic variables were gathered prospectively. A nomogram was formulated utilizing the Cox Proportional Hazards Regression model to predict for LRR. This was validated by generating a bias-corrected index and cross-validated with a C-index. Results: Median follow-up was 5.5 years (0.9 to 18.3). Of the 2,000 cases, 435 were excluded due to missing data. Univariate analysis found that age &lt;50, pre/perimenopausal status, close/positive margins, ER negativity, and high grade were associated with a higher frequency of LRR. These five independent covariates were used to create adjusted estimates, weighting each on a scale of 0 to 100. The total score is identified on a points scale to obtain the probability of an LRR over the study period. The model demonstrated good concordance for predicting LRR with a C-index of 0.641. Conclusions: The formulation of a practical, easy-to-use nomogram for calculating the risk of LRR in patients undergoing APBI will help guide the appropriate selection of patients for off-protocol utilization of APBI.
Ultrastructure of Adrenal Cortex of the Dog During Treatment With DDD&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;,&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: N KAMINSKY, S LUSE, P HARTROFT
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1962)
Abstract 16098: Risk Factors for Frequent Premature Atrial Complexes in a Ten Year Holter Cohort
Authors: Tushar Acharya, Vishnu K Ilineni, Manminder S Bhullar, Marta Nalbandyan, Steve Tringali, Manmeet Singh, Enrique Carbajal, Prakash C Deedwania
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Frequent premature atrial complexes (fPACs) predict increased risk of Atrial Fibrillation (AF). Risk factors for fPACs are not well established. Hypothesis: Patients with fPACs (≥100/day) will differ significantly from those without fPACs (<100/day). Methods: Holter recordings obtained between 2000 and 2010 of 1357 veterans free of AF were analyzed for premature atrial activity. Holter groups with fPACs and infrequent PACs were compared for differences in baseline characteristics obtained from EMR. Statistical comparisons were made using Chi square and student t-tests. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used adjust for confounders. Results: Mean age of the study population was 64.3 years and 93% were male. Ninety one percent had at least 1 PAC per 24 hour ECG study period. Patients with fPACs were older (mean age 71.4 versus 60.3 years) and had higher mean maximum and a lower mean minimum heart rate. Hypertension, CAD, CHF and COPD were significantly more prevalent in fPAC group. ...
Management of stage II Hodgkin's disease: 15 years experience at St. Bartholomew's Hospital
Authors: T.S. Ganesan, A. Oza, N. Perry, J. D'Ardenne, S. Arnott, A.G. Stansfeld, W.S. Shand, P.F.M. Wrigley, T.A. Lister
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1992)
Why Physicians Should Oppose Assisted Suicide
Authors: Y. Tony Yang, Farr A. Curlin
Journal: JAMA (2016)

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Multicenter phase II study of gemcitabine (GEM) plus S-1 in patients (pts) with advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC)
Authors: T. Sasaki, H. Isayama, Y. Nakai, Y. Ito, O. Togawa, H. Yagioka, H. Kogure, I. Yasuda, O. Hasebe, I. Maetani
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e15516 Background: Pts with advanced BTC have a poor prognosis and no standard palliative chemotherapy has been defined. The purpose of this prospective multicenter phase II study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of GEM plus S-1 combination therapy in pts with advanced BTC. Methods: Pts with advanced BTC, with at least one measurable lesion were eligible for this study. Other eligibility criteria included: no previous palliative chemotherapy, ECOG performance status ≤ 2, and adequate organ function. S-1 was given orally at a dose of 80mg/m 2 daily from day 1 to day 14. GEM was given intravenously at a dose of 1,000mg/m 2 over 30 min on day 1 and day 15, repeated every 4 weeks. Tumor response was the primary endpoint and was assessed according to RECIST every 8 weeks. Planned sample size was 35 according to Simon's two stage method. Results: 35pts were enrolled: median age 67; M/F (22/13); ECOG performance status 0/1/2 (16/18/1). The primary tumor site was; 14 pts in gallbladders, 14 pts in intrahepatic bile ducts, 6 pts in extrahepatic bile ducts, and 1 pt in Vater of papilla. Seven pts had previous surgical resection. Complete and partial responses were achieved in 2 and 9 pts, respectively. Eighteen pts had stable disease. Overall response rate was 31.4% and overall disease control rate was 82.9%. The median TTP was 6.1 months (95%CI, 4.0–8.1 months) and the overall survival was 11.7 months (95%CI, 7.3- months). The grade 3/4 toxicities were: neutropenia (31.4%), anemia (17.1%), thrombocytopenia (2.9%), anorexia (2.9%). No treatment-related deaths occurred during the study. Conclusions: GEM plus S- 1 combination therapy showed promising efficacy and good tolerability in pts with advanced BTC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Pitfalls in diagnosis of primary low-grade non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas of the spleen
Authors: V. Musteata
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

17559 Background: Primary low-grade (LG) non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (NHL) of the spleen are indolent B-cell malignancies usually involving the liver, bone marrow (BM) and the blood while disseminating. The aim of the study was to outline diagnostic problems in primary LG NHL of the spleen, and to improve recommendations regarding the differential diagnosis between these lymphoproliferative disorders and benign abdominal organ pathology (BAOP). Methods: A series of 105 patients (pts) (age range of 15–82 years) with LG splenic NHL was enrolled in our study. In all pts the diagnosis was confirmed morphologically, with immunophenotyping in selected cases. The following histological types of splenic NHL had been identified: follicular (47.6%), small lymphocytic (37.1%), marginal-zone (11.4%), and mantle cell (3.9%) lymphoma. BM involvement and leukemic conversion (LC) were revealed at diagnosis in 102 (99.0%) and 85 (83.3%) pts, respectively. Results: Leading to diagnosis symptoms resulted from splenomegaly and hematological abnormalities. Of 41 (39.0%) pts with splenic NHL, that one had been initially interpreted and treated as chronic hepatitis with hypersplenism (17/16.2%), liver cirrhosis with portal hypertension and hypersplenism (11/10.5%), gastric ulcer/chronic gastroduodenitis (4/3.8%), chronic pancreatitis (3/2.9%), collagenosis (3/2.9%), or nephritis (1/0.9%). In 12 pts with a preliminary diagnosis of chronic hepatitis, or liver cirrhosis with portal hypertension and hypersplenism splenectomy was performed at the surgical departments of district hospitals as a treatment modality of choice. In these cases the initial histological examination of spleen specimens had failed to reveal the lymphomatous involvement, that led to delay in diagnosis. In 17 (16.2%) pts with stage IV disease LG splenic NHL was confirmed occasionally during prophylaxis follow up, or examinations axed on diagnosis of internal diseases. Conclusions: Primary LG NHL of the spleen exhibit the latent onset and nonspecific clinical picture, that usually lead to delay in diagnosis due to resemblance with BAOP. Progressive splenomegaly, LC, consequent liver, abdominal and peripheral lymph node enlargement may indicate the lymphoproliferative malignancy and require BM aspiration/biopsy for diagnosis. No significant financial relationships to disclose.