tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Genomic mapping of Suppressor of Hairy-wing binding sites in Drosophila
Authors: Boris Adryan, Gertrud Woerfel, Ian Birch-Machin, Shan Gao, Marie Quick, Lisa Meadows, Steven Russell, Robert White
Journal: Genome biology (2007)

Insulator elements are proposed to play a key role in the organization of the regulatory architecture of the genome. In Drosophila, one of the best studied is the gypsy retrotransposon insulator, which is bound by the Suppressor of Hairy-wing (Su [Hw]) transcriptional regulator. Immunolocalization studies suggest that there are several hundred Su(Hw) sites in the genome, but few of these endogenous Su(Hw) binding sites have been identified. We used chromatin immunopurification with genomic microarray analysis to identify in vivo Su(Hw) binding sites across the 3 megabase Adh region. We find 60 sites, and these enabled the construction of a robust new Su(Hw) binding site consensus. In contrast to the gypsy insulator, which contains tightly clustered Su(Hw) binding sites, endogenous sites generally occur as isolated sites. These endogenous sites have three key features. In contrast to most analyses of DNA-binding protein specificity, we find that strong matches to the binding consensus are good predictors of binding site occupancy. Examination of occupancy in different tissues and developmental stages reveals that most Su(Hw) sites, if not all, are constitutively occupied, and these isolated Su(Hw) sites are generally highly conserved. Analysis of transcript levels in su(Hw) mutants indicate widespread and general changes in gene expression. Importantly, the vast majority of genes with altered expression are not associated with clustering of Su(Hw) binding sites, emphasizing the functional relevance of isolated sites. Taken together, our in vivo binding and gene expression data support a role for the Su(Hw) protein in maintaining a constant genomic architecture.
MELANOTIC SARCOMA OF THE SEPTUM NASI
Authors: P. R. W. De Santi
Journal: BMJ (1925)

\NEURITIS is sueli a colmmon disease, anid its treatment ofteni so unsatisfactory, that no apology is needed for referr iiig to treatmenit by electiolvsis, whiell gives good pliomise of relief in cases where th-e lesioni is of the initerstitial type, (Ine to inflammiiationi of the neive sheathi.This miiethiod w-as first published by Dr. iNauniitoni Davies,' and its use in sciatica has beeni described by Dr. E. A. GoUldei.2The apparatuls coInsists of a paHtostat, or simiiilar instruiimienit, with two electrodes, one being a large pad, which is applied to the arm or leg, and a smaller-pad or buttoni.An insulated needle, withi a platinllm point, is fixed in a liolder, and is -tsed for the actual treatment.In the absen-ce of an electric supply, a small inductioni coil can be used for the faradic current, and a battery of about a klozeni Leclanhele cells for the constant cur-rent.
Glyphosate biomonitoring for farmers and their families: results from the Farm Family Exposure Study.
Authors: John F Acquavella, Bruce H Alexander, Jack S Mandel, Christophe Gustin, Beth Baker, Pamela Chapman, Marian Bleeke
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2003)

Glyphosate is the active ingredient in Roundup agricultural herbicides and other herbicide formulations that are widely used for agricultural, forestry, and residential weed control. As part of the Farm Family Exposure Study, we evaluated urinary glyphosate concentrations for 48 farmers, their spouses, and their 79 children (4-18 years of age). We evaluated 24-hr composite urine samples for each family member the day before, the day of, and for 3 days after a glyphosate application. Sixty percent of farmers had detectable levels of glyphosate in their urine on the day of application. The geometric mean (GM) concentration was 3 ppb, the maximum value was 233 ppb, and the highest estimated systemic dose was 0.004 mg/kg. Farmers who did not use rubber gloves had higher GM urinary concentrations than did other farmers (10 ppb vs. 2.0 ppb). For spouses, 4% had detectable levels in their urine on the day of application. Their maximum value was 3 ppb. For children, 12% had detectable glyphosate in their urine on the day of application, with a maximum concentration of 29 ppb. All but one of the children with detectable concentrations had helped with the application or were present during herbicide mixing, loading, or application. None of the systemic doses estimated in this study approached the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency reference dose for glyphosate of 2 mg/kg/day. Nonetheless, it is advisable to minimize exposure to pesticides, and this study did identify specific practices that could be modified to reduce the potential for exposure.
Erratum to “The CLIF Consortium Acute Decompensation score (CLIF-C ADs) for prognosis of hospitalised cirrhotic patients without acute-on-chronic liver failure” [J Hepatol 2015;62:831–840]
Authors: Rajiv Jalan, Marco Pavesi, Faouzi Saliba, Alex Amorós, Javier Fernandez, Peter Holland-Fischer, Rohit Sawhney, Rajeshwar Mookerjee, Paolo Caraceni, Richard Moreau, Pere Gines, Francois Durand, Paolo Angeli, Carlo Alessandria, Wim Laleman, Jonel Trebicka, Didier Samuel, Stefan Zeuzem, Thierry Gustot, Alexander L. Gerbes, Julia Wendon, Mauro Bernardi, Vicente Arroyo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
Evaluation of Quantitative Criteria for Glioma Grading With Static and Dynamic 18F-FDopa PET/CT
Authors: Christophe Nioche, Marine Soret, Eric Gontier, Marion Lahutte, Guillaume Dutertre, Renaud Dulou, Laurent Capelle, Rémy Guillevin, Hervé Foehrenbach, Irène Buvat
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

Purpose The aim of this study was to compare various acquisition and processing protocols for noninvasive glioma grading using either static or dynamic 18F-FDopa PET. Methods Dynamic studies were performed in 33 patients. Based on histopathological analysis, 18 patients had a high-grade (HG) tumor and 15 patients had a low-grade (LG) tumor. For static imaging, SUVmean and SUVmax were calculated for different acquisition time ranges after injection. For dynamic imaging, the transport rate constant k1 was calculated according to a compartmental kinetic analysis using an image-derived input function. Results With the use of a 5-minute static imaging protocol starting at 38 minutes after injection, newly diagnosed HG tumors could be distinguished from LG tumors with a sensitivity of 70% and a specificity of 90% with a threshold of SUVmean of 2.5. In recurrent tumors, a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 80% for identifying HG tumors were obtained with a threshold set to 1.8. Dynamic imaging only slightly, but nonsignificantly, improved differential diagnosis. Conclusions Static and dynamic imaging without blood sampling can discriminate between LG and HG for both newly diagnosed and recurrent gliomas. In dynamic imaging, excellent discrimination was obtained by considering the transport rate constant k1 of tumors. In static imaging, the best discrimination based on SUV was obtained for SUVmean calculated from a 5-minute acquisition started at 38 minutes after injection.
Tyrosine Phosphorylation of Pyk2 Is Selectively Regulated by Fyn During TCR Signaling
Authors: Dapeng Qian, Sima Lev, Nicolai S.C. van Oers, Ivan Dikic, Joseph Schlessinger, Arthur Weiss
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1997)

The Src family protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs), Lck and Fyn, are coexpressed in T cells and perform crucial functions involved in the initiation of T cell antigen receptor (TCR) signal transduction. However, the mechanisms by which Lck and Fyn regulate TCR signaling are still not completely understood. One important question is whether Lck and Fyn have specific targets or only provide functional redundancy during TCR signaling. We have previously shown that Lck plays a major role in the tyrosine phosphorylation of the TCR-ζ chain and the ZAP-70 PTK. In an effort to identify the targets that are specifically regulated by Fyn, we have studied the tyrosine phosphorylation of Pyk2, a recently discovered new member of the focal adhesion kinase family PTK. We demonstrated that Pyk2 was rapidly tyrosine phosphorylated following TCR stimulation. TCR-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of Pyk2 was selectively dependent on Fyn but not Lck. Moreover, in heterologous COS-7 cells, coexpression of Pyk2 with Fyn but not Lck resulted in substantial increases in Pyk2 tyrosine phosphorylation. The selective regulation of Pyk2 tyrosine phosphorylation by Fyn in vivo correlated with the preferential phosphorylation of Pyk2 by Fyn in vitro. Our results demonstrate that Pyk2 is a specific target regulated by Fyn during TCR signaling.
Prominin-1+/CD133+ bone marrow-derived heart-resident cells suppress experimental autoimmune myocarditis
Authors: Gabriela Kania, Przemyslaw Blyszczuk, Alan Valaperti, Thomas Dieterle, Bernd Leimenstoll, Stephan Dirnhofer, Henryk Zulewski, Urs Eriksson
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2008)

Experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) is a CD4+ T cell-mediated mouse model of inflammatory heart disease. Tissue-resident bone marrow-derived cells adopt different cellular phenotypes depending on the local milieu. We expanded a specific population of bone marrow-derived prominin-1-expressing progenitor cells (PPC) from healthy heart tissue, analysed their plasticity, and evaluated their capacity to protect mice from EAM and heart failure. PPC were expanded from healthy mouse hearts. Analysis of CD45.1/CD45.2 chimera mice confirmed bone marrow origin of PPC. Depending on in vitro culture conditions, PPC differentiated into macrophages, dendritic cells, or cardiomyocyte-like cells. In vivo, PPC acquired a cardiac phenotype after direct injection into healthy hearts. Intravenous injection of PPC into myosin alpha heavy chain/complete Freund's adjuvant (MyHC-α/CFA)-immunized BALB/c mice resulted in heart-specific homing and differentiation into the macrophage phenotype. Histology revealed reduced severity scores for PPC-treated mice compared with control animals [treated with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or crude bone marrow at day 21 after MyHC-α/CFA immunization]. Echocardiography showed preserved fractional shortening and velocity of circumferential shortening in PPC but not PBS-treated MyHC-α/CFA-immunized mice. In vitro and in vivo data suggested that interferon-γ signalling on PPC was critical for nitric oxide-mediated suppression of heart-specific CD4+ T cells. Accordingly, PPC from interferon-γ receptor-deficient mice failed to protect MyHC-α/CFA-immunized mice from EAM. Prominin-1-expressing, heart-resident, bone marrow-derived cells combine high plasticity, T cell-suppressing capacity, and anti-inflammatory in vivo effects.
Prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia by selective decontamination of the digestive tract
Authors: L. Silvestri, H. K. F. van Saene, M. A. de la Cal, R. E. Sarginson, C. Thomann
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2008)

To the Editors: 

We read with interest the review entitled “Evidence on measures for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia” by Lorente et al. 1. We enjoyed the paper as it is comprehensive and based on an appropriate design. In particular, we welcome the authors’ acknowledgement of the proven clinical benefits of selective decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD). The authors give four explanations why SDD is not yet widely used, but are unable to make a definitive …
ANTIPROTEINS IN HORSE SERA
Authors: Henry P. Treffers, Michael Heidelberger, Jules Freund
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1947)

1. Two horses were injected subcutaneously with alum-precipitated rabbit serum albumin. 2. The resulting antibody resembled diphtheria antitoxin and anti-egg albumin in the horse in giving a sharp zone of flocculation with antigen, in being water-soluble, in reactivity toward an anti-antibody rabbit serum, and in its electrophoretic properties. 3. The effect of continued immunization, and of variation in volume and temperature on the reactivity of the antibody are discussed. 4. Intravenous injection of the same antigen into horses did not give rise to detectable amounts of antibody of the same type.
Sequence similarity between HLA-DR1 and DR4 subtypes associated with rheumatoid arthritis and proteus/serratia membrane haemolysins.
Authors: A Ebringer, P Cunningham, K Ahmadi, J Wrigglesworth, R Hosseini, C Wilson
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1992)

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is found more often in subjects carrying the HLA-DR1 antigen and some subtypes of the HLA-DR4 antigen than in those without these antigens. Analysis of probes specific for HLA-DR4 has shown that amino acids encoding positions 69-74 (EQRRAA) of the beta chain indicates susceptibility to RA. A hexamer sequence of proteus haemolysin spanning residues 32-37 (ESRRAL) has been identified which resembles biochemically, and discriminates by charge, between HLA types associated with RA (DR1, Dw4, Dw14, Dw15), and those not linked with the disease (Dw10, Dw13).
GLI1 Inhibition Promotes Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Pancreatic Cancer Cells
Authors: Simon Joost, Luciana L. Almada, Verena Rohnalter, Philipp S. Holz, Anne M. Vrabel, Maite G. Fernandez-Barrena, Robert R. McWilliams, Michael Krause, Martin E. Fernandez-Zapico, Matthias Lauth
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract The Hedgehog (HH) pathway has been identified as an important deregulated signal transduction pathway in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), a cancer type characterized by a highly metastatic phenotype. In PDAC, the canonical HH pathway activity is restricted to the stromal compartment while HH signaling in the tumor cells is reduced as a consequence of constitutive KRAS activation. Here, we report that in the tumor compartment of PDAC the HH pathway effector transcription factor GLI1 regulates epithelial differentiation. RNAi-mediated knockdown of GLI1 abolished characteristics of epithelial differentiation, increased cell motility, and synergized with TGFβ to induce an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Notably, EMT conversion in PDAC cells occurred in the absence of induction of SNAIL or SLUG, two canonical inducers of EMT in many other settings. Further mechanistic analysis revealed that GLI1 directly regulated the transcription of E-cadherin, a key determinant of epithelial tissue organization. Collectively, our findings identify GLI1 as an important positive regulator of epithelial differentiation, and they offer an explanation for how decreased levels of GLI1 are likely to contribute to the highly metastatic phenotype of PDAC. Cancer Res; 72(1); 88–99. ©2011 AACR.
Amelioration of Ischemic Acute Renal Injury by Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin
Authors: Jaya Mishra, Kiyoshi Mori, Qing Ma, Caitlin Kelly, Jun Yang, Mark Mitsnefes, Jonathan Barasch, Prasad Devarajan
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2004)

Acute renal failure secondary to ischemic injury remains a common problem, with limited and unsatisfactory therapeutic options. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) was recently shown to be one of the maximally induced genes early in the postischemic kidney. In this study, the role of NGAL in ischemic renal injury was explored. Intravenous administration of purified recombinant NGAL in mice resulted in a rapid uptake of the protein predominantly by proximal tubule cells. In an established murine model of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury, intravenous NGAL administered before, during, or after ischemia resulted in marked amelioration of the morphologic and functional consequences, as evidenced by a significant decrease in the histopathologic damage to tubules and in serum creatinine measurements. NGAL-treated animals also displayed a reduction in the number of apoptotic tubule cells and an increase in proliferating proximal tubule cells after ischemic injury. The results indicate that NGAL may represent a novel therapeutic intervention in ischemic acute renal failure, based at least in part on its ability to tilt the balance of tubule cell fate toward survival.
The conjunctival microbiome in health and trachomatous disease: a case control study
Authors: Yanjiao Zhou, Martin J Holland, Pateh Makalo, Hassan Joof, Chrissy h Roberts, David CW Mabey, Robin L Bailey, Matthew J Burton, George M Weinstock, Sarah E Burr
Journal: Genome Medicine (2014)

Abstract Background Trachoma, caused by Chlamydia trachomatis , remains the worlds leading infectious cause of blindness. Repeated ocular infection during childhood leads to scarring of the conjunctiva, in-turning of the eyelashes (trichiasis) and corneal opacity in later life. There is a growing body of evidence to suggest non-chlamydial bacteria are associated with clinical signs of trachoma, independent of C. trachomatis infection. Methods We used deep sequencing of the V1-V3 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene to characterize the microbiome of the conjunctiva of 220 residents of The Gambia, 105 with healthy conjunctivae and 115 with clinical signs of trachoma in the absence of detectable C. trachomatis infection. Deep sequencing was carried out using the Roche-454 platform. Sequence data were processed and analyzed through a pipeline developed by the Human Microbiome Project. Results The microbiome of healthy participants was influenced by age and season of sample collection with increased richness and diversity seen in younger participants and in samples collected during the dry season. Decreased diversity and an increased abundance of Corynebacterium and Streptococcus were seen in participants with conjunctival scarring compared to normal controls. Abundance of Corynebacterium was higher still in adults with scarring and trichiasis compared to adults with scarring only. Conclusions Our results indicate that changes in the conjunctival microbiome occur in trachomatous disease; whether these are a cause or a consequence is yet unknown.
History of a Case of Poisoning by Prussic Acid
Authors: J. B. Daniell
Journal: BMJ (1848)

POISONIN4 BY PRUSSIC ACD.In evel instances, and those case in which its eftbets *ere most to be dreaded, I bave beeh unatble-to.tieany of its usual consequences.There bAs been cer- tany, on the whole, less prostration followed by %iaverish re-action, after operations under wther and chloroform, than we used to witness before the introduc- tion of these agents.There seems, moreover, to be a connection between the pain felt during an operation, and that which is experienced in the wound afterwards; for you cannot haae failed to observe the comparative freedom from pain which patients enjoy for some time after operations -which have been performed under the influence of other and chloroform; they often converse on other subjects, as though there were nothing the matter with them, and when placed in bed they are at ease, and, perhaps, fall asleep..Beyond the benefits which result from the lessening' ttebshok of the operation, and the diminution of Abe pain for a variable period afterwards, I am not ax*re that ether or chloroform exert any influence, good or bad, upon the progress of the wound, or the altimate recovery of the patient.We havesometimes thought the oozing of blood from wound4, after the administration of 'other, to be rater than under-ordinary circumstances.It always *Absed upon the application of moderate pressure, and secondary hsmorrhage very rarely occurred.Though I cannot but regard the introduction of anmthetic agents as a general improvement in surgery, I hope enough has been said to show that I am not without due sense of the danger that may result fram them, and of the great caution required in the employ.ment of such very powerful agents.
A complication of percutaneous cannulation of the internal jugular vein
Authors: J. D. Wisheart, M. A. Hassan, J. W. Jackson
Journal: Thorax (1972)

Reviews of the use of the technique of percutaneous cannulation of the internal jugular vein for central venous pressure monitoring have indicated that it is free from serious complications. A patient is reported here in whom the ascending cervical artery was damaged during attempted cannulation of the internal jugular vein prior to aortic valve replacement. Haemorrhage from this site after the operation led initially to an extrapleural haematoma and soon afterwards to a haemothorax, which proved fatal despite immediate resuscitation and exploration.
Bevacizumab use and risk of cardiovascular adverse events among elderly patients with colorectal cancer receiving chemotherapy: a population-based study
Authors: H.-T. Tsai, J.L. Marshall, S.R. Weiss, C.-Y. Huang, J.L. Warren, A.N. Freedman, A.Z. Fu, L.B. Sansbury, A.L. Potosky
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2013)
Aptamer Neutralization of Beta1-Adrenoceptor Autoantibodies Isolated From Patients With Cardiomyopathies
Authors: Annekathrin Haberland, Gerd Wallukat, Claudia Dahmen, Andreas Kage, Ingolf Schimke
Journal: Circulation Research (2011)

Rationale: Autoantibodies directed against the beta1-adrenoceptor (beta1-AABs) have been proposed to drive the pathogenesis of idiopathic dilated cardiomyoparthy (DCM), Chagas' cardiomyopathy, and peripartum cardiomyopathy. For disease treatment, aptamers that bind and neutralize beta1-AABs could be significant. Objective: We determined whether oligonucleotide-aptamers, selected to target human beta1-AABs directed against the second extracellular loop of the beta1-AAB, can neutralize these AABs and modulate their function in vitro. Methods and Results: Using Monolex technology, we identified an ssDNA aptamer that targets human beta1-AABs. The neutralization potential of this aptamer against beta1-AABs isolated from patients with DCM, Chagas' cardiomyopathy, and peripartum cardiomyopathy was analyzed using cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes by monitoring beta1-AAB induced cell toxicity and chronotropic cell responses. Aptamer addition reduced beta1-AAB induced cell toxicity and neutralized chonotropic beta1-AAB function in a dose-dependent manner. In the presence of aptamer neutralized beta1-AABs, cells remained fully responsive to agonists and antagonists, such as isoprenaline and bisoprolol. Both aptamer pretreated with a complementary (antisense) aptamer and a control scrambled-sequence aptamer were ineffective at beta1-AAB neutralization. Beta1-AABs directed against the first extracellular loop of the beta1-receptor and AABs directed against other G-protein coupled receptors were not affected by the selected aptamer. Conclusions: A specific aptamer that can neutralize cardiomyopathy associated human beta1-AABs in vitro has been identified and characterized, providing a framework for future in vivo testing of this treatment option in animal experiments.
Novel diagnostic modalities for assessment of the clinically node-negative neck in oral squamous-cell carcinoma
Authors: Frank KJ Leusink, Robert JJ van Es, Remco de Bree, Robert J Baatenburg de Jong, Sander R van Hooff, Frank CP Holstege, Piet J Slootweg, Ruud H Brakenhoff, Robert P Takes
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2012)
Chronic constrictive pericarditis with unexpected remission
Authors: L. T. Lawrence
Journal: JAMA (1967)

A case of classic chronic calcific constrictive pericarditis had a benign 11-year course until appearance of an intercurrent lymphoma. Following treatment of the lymphoma there was a remission in the hemodynamic abnormalities caused by the pericarditis. It is important to consider complicating factors in the evaluation of constrictive pericarditis.