tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PTH-032 Functional Outcomes after Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection of Large Rectal Polyps
Authors: N Suzuki, N Ashraf
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Large rectal polyps can cause a variety of symptoms. Removal of these lesions results in symptom resolution but may also lead to symptoms of evacuatory dysfunction. In this study, we present the functional outcomes and patient satisfaction after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) of rectal polyps greater than 40mm in size. <h3>Methods</h3> This was a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent ESD or hybrid ESD/endoscopic piecemeal resection (ESD/EPMR) of large benign rectal polyps. Details pertaining to the polypectomy were gathered and patients were asked a series of questions regarding their bowel function before and after endoscopic resection. <h3>Results</h3> Thirty four patients underwent ESD or hybrid ESD/EPMR for large rectal polyps between January 2006 to May 2012. The median maximal polyp measurement was 62mm (range 40 – 150mm) and median circumferential involvement, 50% (range 30 – 90%). The patients had symptoms of the passage of mucous (12 patients), rectal bleeding (9)and faecal incontinence (1) before the treatment. In all cases, these symptoms resolved after the treatment. Regarding the bowel function post procedure, 16 patients (47.1%) opened their bowel less frequently, 12 patients (35.3%) the same and 6 patients (17.6%) more frequently. Eighteen patients felt that their completeness of evacuation was the same, 8 improved and 5 worsen. Almost all of the patients (33 patients, 97.1%) did not use laxatives before their polypectomy, however 14 patients (41.2%) required the regular use of laxatives post procedure. None of the cases did not require any further intervention like dilatation. There was no relationship between circumferential involvement and patients who developed a decreased frequency of defecation or who used laxatives after ESD (Mann-Whitney Test, p = 0.567). On a scale of 1 to 10, where 1 was extremely unsatisfied and 10 was extremely satisfied, the patients rated their ESD experience at 10 (Median, Range 7 – 10). <h3>Conclusion</h3> ESD of large rectal polyps resulted in an improvement in symptoms of rectal bleeding and passage of mucous. It also results in a decreased frequency of defecation and an increase in use of laxatives. Functional outcomes are not related to polyp size or circumferential involvement. Patients were extremely satisfied with their ESD experience. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Abstract 1293: Galectin-3 facilitates the stability of p21 protein through carbohydrate recognition domain in prostate cancer cells
Authors: Yi Wang, Avraham Raz
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Galectin-3 (Gal-3), a β-galactoside-binding protein, has multiple functions such as regulating cell growth, apoptosis, angiogenesis, tumor metastasis and so on. p21cip/waf-1, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, also regulates apoptosis and cell growth as well. Gal-3 and p21 have some similar functions, and both of them play important roles in tumor progression. Here, we try to understand how Gal-3 regulates p21 protein in prostate cancer cells. Our study showed that the changes of expressions of Gal-3 and p21 in prostate cancer cells are parallel. Functions of Gal-3 in regulating apoptosis and cell growth are partially mediated by p21. Gal-3 protein helps to prevent the degradation of p21 protein and delay the turnover of p21 in prostate cancer cells. The protective effect of Gal-3 on the stability of p21 protein is attenuated by Gal-3 inhibitor lactose and modified citrus pectin, which suggests that carbohydrate recognition domain of Gal-3 is responsible for its effect on the stability of p21. Our study is helpful to further understand the molecular mechanisms of Gal-3 functions and demonstrate the crosslink between Gal-3 and p21 pathways. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1293. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1293
Disruption of the RanBP17/Hox11L2 region by recombination with the TCRδ locus in acute lymphoblastic leukemias with t(5;14)(q34;q11)
Authors: TE Hansen-Hagge, M Schäfer, H Kiyoi, SW Morris, JA Whitlock, P Koch, I Bohlmann, C Mahotka, CR Bartram, JWG Janssen
Journal: Leukemia (2002)
P5-14-16: Molecular Classification in Primary Breast Cancer and Corresponding Lymph Node Metastasis Show Impaired Prognostic Profile in the Metastatic Node.
Authors: A-K Falck, M Ferno, P-O Bendahl, L Rydén
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Introduction The heterogeneity of breast cancer disease has emphasized the need to optimize prediction of outcome by molecular classification of the primary tumor. Clinical management of primary breast cancer is based on biomarkers measured in the primary tumor, whereas biomarker analysis in metastatic lymph nodes is not used for clinical decision making. Recently, microarray-based expression profiling and subsequent immunohistochemical studies have identified biologically distinct subtypes using a combination of biomarkers. The present study aimed to classify primary breast cancer tumors and corresponding lymph node metastases by multiple biomarkers into Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2 type and Triple negative phenotype and compare outcome. Material and method The study is based on a cohort of patients where biomarker expression (hormone receptor status (ER, PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and Ki67) in primary breast cancer and ipsilateral lymph node metastasis recently were reexamined and individually related to prognosis. In the present study, 85 patients of the original cohort were possible to classify into the four subtypes: Luminal A (ER+, PR+/− and Ki67 ≤ 20%), Luminal B (ER+, PR+/−, HER2+/− and Ki67 &amp;gt; 20%), HER2− type (ER-, HER2+) and Triple negative (ER-, PR-, HER2−). The classifications of primary tumors and corresponding lymph node metastases were compared using the McNemar-Bowker test of symmetry and the molecular subgroups were related to clinical outcome in terms of 5-years distant disease-free survival (DDFS) by Cox analysis with luminal A as the reference group. In 7 cases (16%) the biomarker classification was discordant between the primary tumor and the lymph node metastasis. All of the discordant cases shifted to a subtype with a worse prognosis according to the lymph node metastasis (p=0.06, Mc Nemar-Bowker test of symmetry). When comparing Luminal A to non-Luminal A in the primary tumor and the lymph node, the deviation from symmetry was significant, p=0.02. DDFS was worse in all subtypes compared to the prognosis for Luminal A using Cox analysis in both primary tumors and lymph node metastasis. Conclusion Our data shows discordance in classification according to a multiple molecular phenotype between primary tumors and lymph node metastasis in breast cancer patients. The discordant cases were shifted from Luminal A to a subtype where survival analysis showed an impaired prognosis compared to this subgroup. The finding that the molecular phenotype is shifted from a “good” prognostic signature in the primary tumor to a “bad” prognostic signature in the metastatic node can be of clinical importance for the choice of adjuvant systemic therapy in primary breast cancer with lymph node positive disease. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-14-16.
Abstract A54: Downregulation of hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor-2 is involved in the progression of prostate cancer cells
Authors: Shao-Wei Lan, Tai-Shan Cheng, Shang-Ru Wu, Hsin-Yi Shyu, Chun-Jung Ko, Pei-Wen Hsiao, Ming-Shyue Lee
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Dysregulation of pericellular proteolysis has been strongly involved in tumorigenesis. In this study, we delineated the role of hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor-2 (HAI-2) in prostate cancer cell invasion and tumorigenicity within a human prostate cancer progression model (103E, N1, and N2 cells). This model was newly established by a serial of intraprostatic propagation of a human prostate cancer 103E cell line and isolation of the metastatic cells from nearby lymph nodes. The invasion capability of these cells was gradually increased after the serial isolations (103E&amp;lt;N1 &amp;lt;N2). In this series of cells, the expression of HAI-2 was significantly decreased during the progression. Following the course of orthotopic tumor growth in mice, the expression level and activity of a HAI-2 target, matriptase, increased while the HAI-2 protein level decreased. Restoration of HAI-2 expression in N2 cells down-regulated the matriptase activity and cell proliferation, thus decreased the tumorigenicity. These results show that during the progression of human prostate cancer, matriptase was primarily controlled by HAI-2 expression. The imbalance in HAI-2 and matriptase expression led to matriptase activation, therefore increased cell invasion and tumorigenicity. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Second AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; 2011 Sep 14-18; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(18 Suppl):Abstract nr A54.
mTORC1 Activity Contributes to the Mcl-1 Dependence of HER2 Amplified Breast Cancer Cells.
Authors: M. Campone, M. Campone, B. Noel, W. Gouraud, W. Gouraud, P. Jézéquel, P. Jézéquel, S. Barillé-Nion, P. Juin
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Whether or not certain subtypes of mammary tumors specifically rely on a limited number of anti-apoptotic mechanisms for their maintenance, and how therapy might affect these mechanisms, is currently ill characterized.We have analyzed published gene-expression profiles of breast cancer patients for which HER2 status, evaluated by immunohistochemistry, was also available. A statistically significant enrichment in the expression of Mcl-1 in HER2 amplified breast tumors, compared to other breast tumors, was found.In vitro, knock down of Mcl-1 expression by RNA interference proved sufficient to induce apoptosis in the HER2 amplified cell line BT474. Combined RNA interference experiments showed that apoptosis induced by Mcl-1 knock down in these cells (ie, their “Mcl-1 dependence”) relied on the expression of the pro-apoptotic BH3-only protein Bim. This indicates that the Bim/Mcl-1 balance (possibly regulated by direct physical interactions between these two proteins) constitutes an integrating point towards which the numerous survival pathways that are known to lie downstream of HER2 should converge, to the very least in these cells.While seeking for signaling pathways that might significantly affect Mcl-1 dependence downstream of HER2, using diverse small molecule inhibitors, we found that mTORC1 inhibition in BT474 cells not only leaves Mcl-1 expression levels unaltered, but also prevents induction of apoptosis by Mcl-1 depletion. mTORC1 inhibition enhances the activity of the survival kinases Akt and ERK (p44 and p42). HER2 signaling is involved in this activation, since it is prevented by trastuzumab treatment.These data suggest that, due to the structure of the signaling network mTORC1 is embedded in (which includes the HER2 driven negative feedback loop described here), its activity locks HER2 amplified cells in a Mcl-1 dependent state. They also imply that combining inhibitors of mTORC1 with inhibitors of the HER2 pathway (such as trastuzumab) might restrain the effects on cell survival of the former, and enhance their clinical efficiency in HER2 amplified breast cancers. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 2161.
AB0366 Bone mineral density and frequency of osteoporosis in non menopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: D. Acheli, M. Aiche, S. Lehtihet, M. Elrakaoui, H. Djoudi
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic and chronic inflammatory disease that has been associated with disability and several extra-articular complications such us generalised osteoporosis. <h3>Objectives</h3> To quantify the bone mineral density (BMD) and to evaluate frequency of osteoporosis in non-menopausal women. To examine variables associated with low BMD in patients with RA. <h3>Methods</h3> Transversal study based on a group of 130 non-menopausal women with RA. All the patients fulfilled the 1987 criteria of the American College of Rheumatology for RA diagnosis. The dual-energy X ray absorptiometry (DXA) method (Hologic QDR 2000) was used to measure BMD in the anteroposterior lumbar spine (L1-L4) and left hip, and clinical data were collected. The results are compared with those of the control group made of 116 non-menopausal healthy women. <h3>Results</h3> The mean age of the patients was 38.4±8.2 years and the body mass index (BMI) was 25.2±5.8 kg/m<sup>2</sup>. The median disease duration was 8.2±6.3 years. The mean disease activity score (DAS28) was 4.42±1.3, and mean Health Assessment Questionnaire score (HAQ) was 0.989±0.79. 91.2% of our patients take an average of 6.2±4 mg/day of corticosteroids whereas 82% of our patients take DMARDs. The mean values of the spine and hip BMD are respectively of 0.927±0.13 g/cm<sup>2</sup> and 0.845±0.13 g/cm<sup>2</sup>, they’re inferior to those of the control group which mean values are respectively of 0.983±0.11 g/cm<sup>2</sup> and 0.916±0.11 g/cm<sup>2</sup> (p&lt;0.0002, p&lt;9.10<sup>-6</sup>).The prevalence of osteoporosis at lumbar spine and hip are respectively 6.9% and 12%. Osteopenia occurred in 33.8% at lumbar spine and 27% at total hip. Bivariate analysis demonstrated that several factors such as BMI, disease duration, HAQ score, joint damage (modified Sharp score), and cumulative corticosteroid dose were correlated with low BMD at both measurement sites. However, multivariate analysis reveal that the low BMI were associated with low BMD at both hip and spine. In addition, disease activity and level of disability were an important determinant of hip BMD. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This study suggests the magnitude of the osteoporosis problem in female RA population and confirms the BMD reduction in RA, independently of the menopause and current use of corticosteroids. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
A2.18 The Expression of the Transcription Factor PPAR-Gamma is Significantly Reduced in the Salivary Gland Epithelial Cells from Patients with Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome
Authors: Aigli G Vakrakou, Vicky Gourzi, Efstathia Kapsogeorgou, Menelaos N Manoussakis
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background and Objectives</h3> PPAR-gamma is an essential transcription factor that apart from participating in the regulation of genes associated with lipogenesis, it exerts significant anti-inflammatory actions. PPAR-gamma has been implicated in the pathogenesis of human autoimmune diseases that are characterised by the inflammatory damage of epithelial cells. More specifically, dramatically reduced expression of PPAR-gamma has been shown in the epithelial cells of the intestinal tract and of the biliary tree of patients with ulcerative colitis and primary biliary cirrhosis, respectively. Primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS or autoimmune epithelitis) is characterised by chronic inflammatory lesions mainly affecting epithelial tissues and is associated with systemic autoimmune responses and the chronic intrinsic activation of salivary gland epithelial cells (SGEC). Thus, SGEC are probably both the target and the inducer of inflammatory responses. In this context, we aimed to investigate the levels of constitutive expression of PPAR-gamma in cultured non-neoplastic SGEC lines from SS patients and non-SS controls, as well as the patterns of PPAR-gamma expression following cellular activation. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> To examine the levels of mRNA expression of PPAR-g, total RNA was isolated from long-term cultured non-neoplastic SGEC and from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 18 SS patients and 11 non-SS disease controls. The expression of PPAR-gamma was studied by Real-time PCR with primers specific for PPAR-gamma and the reporter gene HPRT1 and analysed by the ddCt method. To evaluate the effect of epithelial activation in the expression of PPAR-g, SGEC from non-SS controls were stimulated with specific ligands of TLR-3 (Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid, PolyI:C, 5 mg/ml), TLR-4 (lipopolysaccharide, LPS, 1 mg/ml) receptor and with the cytokine IFN-gamma (500 U/ml). <h3>Results</h3> PPAR-gamma mRNA expression was significantly reduced in the SGEC from patients with SS, compared to controls (p = 0.0001). In contrast, no difference was found in PPAR-gamma expression in PBMCs between patients and controls. The activation of cultured SGEC by stimulation with PolyI:C, LPS and IFN-g resulted in a significant down-regulation of PPAR-gamma mRNA expression (in all cases; by ≈80% at 12 hours, p = 0.0001). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our findings indicate that the expression of PPAR-gamma in human epithelial cells is significantly reduced following activation via TLRs and the Th1 cytokine INF-gamma. Furthermore, the present study demonstrates for the first time the significantly reduced expression of PPAR-gamma in the SGEC of SS patients. This finding likely owes to the chronic intrinsic activation, which characterises the epithelia of SS patients.
P259 Preference of Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome (OSAS) For Conventional Continuous Positive Airway Pressure(CPAP) or Bi-Level CPAP (CFlex) and Changes in Resistance to Expiration: Abstract P259 Table 1
Authors: S Thomas, A Daya, HR Gribbin
Journal: Thorax (2012)

CFlex (Respironics) Bi-Level device lowers expiratory PAP (EPAP) early in expiration returning EPAP to the set inspiratory PAP (IPAP) before the start of the next inspiration. Most patients with OSAS will express a preference for either CPAP or CFlex at the time of treatment initiation. We investigated the possibility that choice of CFlex was related to interaction of breathing pattern and the CFlex device in 43 newly diagnosed patients with OSAS in a single-blind study. Inspiratory and expiratory time (Ti, Te) were measured by rib-cage and abdominal inductance belts. IPAP and EPAP were measured at the mask by pressure transducer. In 23 patients we recorded simultaneous flow in the CPAP circuit and by using mask specific leak rates derived values for inspiratory tidal volume (Vt insp): (Vt insp = (Mean Inspiratory Circuit Flow x Ti) - (Mask leak x Ti)) Patients tried CPAP or CFlex in random order for periods of 10 minutes or until breathing was stable. One minute epochs of stable breathing were used to calculate mean values for Ti, Te, IPAP, EPAP and Vt insp <h3>Results</h3> 19 patients stated a preference for CFlex (CFlexpref), 20 for CPAP (CPAPpref). 4 had no preference and received CPAP . We included them in the CPAP . pref group for analysis. For the whole group (n=43) there was a small but significant fall in mean EPAP on CFlex compared with mean EPAP on CPAP (10.4 vs 11.5 cm H2O). Comparing CPAP . pref with CFlexpref we found no significant difference between mean EPAP on CPAP and mean EPAP on CFlex making it unlikely that preference for CFlex was based only on EPAP reduction. In the 23 patients (CPAPpref=13, CFlexpref=10) who had Vt insp measured we derived an index of the flow resistive load to expiration (Table). The CFlexpref group demonstrated a significant fall in this index of expiratory load. The changes in the CPAPref group were more variable. The findings are consistent with CFlex preferers generating and sensing a larger reduction in expiratory load on CFlex.
Imaging Somatostatin Receptor Activity in Patients with Active Thyroid Eye Disease Using Tc-99m Depreotide
Authors: Argyrios S Doumas, Gerasimos E Krassas, Themistocles Kaltsas, Nikolaos Pontikides
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2003)

DOUMAS, ARGYRIOS S. M.D., PH.D.*; KRASSAS, GERASIMOS E. M.D., PH.D.†; KALTSAS, THEMISTOCLES M.D.†; PONTIKIDES, NIKOLAOS M.D., PH.D.† Author Information
OP0151 Cobra-light therapy is clinically non-inferior to original cobra therapy in the treatment of early rheumatoid arthritis:
Authors: D. den Uyl, M.M. ter Wee, M. Boers, A.E. Voskuyl, P.J. Kerstens, M.T. Nurmohamed, H.G. Raterman, D. van Schaardenburg, N. van Dillen, B.A. Dijkmans, W.F. Lems
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Early, intensive treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with intensive combinaion therapy (COBRA therapy) considerably lowers disease activity and suppresses radiological progression. Although proven to be very effective, uptake of COBRA therapy among rheumatologists has been suboptimal, for reasons including fear of possible side-effects. A modified schedule of the COBRA therapy with a lower dose of prednisone (i.e. COBRA-light), might be equally effective, while lessening the physicians concerns about side-effects. <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate whether COBRA-light therapy is non-inferior to COBRA-therapy in patients with early, active RA. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients with early, active RA were randomised to either COBRA therapy (MTX 7.5 mg/week, SSZ 2 g/day and prednisone 60 mg/d, tapered to 7.5 mg/day) (n=81) or COBRA-light therapy (MTX 25 mg/week and 30 mg prednisone, tapered to 7.5 mg/day) (n=83). Primary treatment goal was minimal disaese activity, defined as DAS44 &lt;1.6. After 3 months treatment, methotrexate dose could be increased up to 25mg/week, when DAS44 remained above 1.6.A difference in delta DAS44&gt;0.5 between the groups after 6 months was considered clinically relevant. <h3>Results</h3> At baseline, patientshad active disease: mean (SD) DAS44 4.13 (0.81) for the COBRA arm and 3.95 (0.9) for the COBRA-light arm. Two patients (COBRA-light) did not initiate treatment and two patients dropped-out of the study due to an adverse events (myocardial infarction in COBRA and manic episode in COBRA-light). The preliminary results show that after six months, mean DAS44 significantly decreased in both groups (–2.50 (1.21) for COBRA and –2.18 (1.10) for COBRA-light). The difference in delta DAS44 between the groups, 0.32 (95% confidence limits: –0.03;0.68; p=0.08), was smaller than the clinically relevant difference. Minimal disease activity was reached in almost half of patients in both groups (49% and 41% in COBRA and COBRA-light respectively). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Current results suggest that COBRA-light therapy is non-inferior to standard COBRA therapy: both strategies effectively lower disease activity after six months treatment in early, active RA patients. The clinical and radiological effects on longer follow up are still under study. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Glutathione S-transferase genotypes in children who develop treatment-related acute myeloid malignancies
Authors: MH Woo, JJ Shuster, C Chen, RO Bash, FG Behm, B Camitta, CA Felix, BA Kamen, C-H Pui, SC Raimondi, NJ Winick, MD Amylon, MV Relling
Journal: Leukemia (2000)
Diffuse intestinal nodular lymphoid hyperplasia in an immunoglobulin-A-deficient patient with Helicobacter pylori infection
Authors: Sebahat Basyigit, Bora Aktas, Huyla Simsek, Metin Kucukazman
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

A 34-year-old man was admitted to hospital complaining of epigastric pain and chronic diarrhea without blood or mucus. He had no weight loss. His hematologic, biochemical, and serologic tests and stool examination showed normal results, but his levels of immunoglobulin A (IgA) were under the lower limit. Endoscopic examination revealed multiple millimetric polypoid lesions throughout the duodenum and terminal ileum ([Fig. 1]). Histologic examination showed findings of chronic Helicobacter pylori gastritis and lymphoid follicular hyperplasia in the small bowel. A small-bowel series revealed rapid small-bowel transit and numerous small nodular filling defects throughout the small bowel ([Fig. 2]).