tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cervicovaginal involvement in pemphigus vulgaris: a clinical study of 77 cases
Authors: M. Akhyani, C. Chams-Davatchi, Z. Naraghi, M. Daneshpazhooh, S. Toosi, M. Asgari, F. Malekhami
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Journal Article Cervicovaginal involvement in pemphigus vulgaris: a clinical study of 77 cases Get access M. Akhyani, M. Akhyani Departments of Dermatology and *Pathology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Razi Hospital, Tehran 1199663911, Iran Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Chams‐Davatchi, C. Chams‐Davatchi Departments of Dermatology and *Pathology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Razi Hospital, Tehran 1199663911, Iran Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Z. Naraghi, Z. Naraghi Departments of Dermatology and *Pathology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Razi Hospital, Tehran 1199663911, Iran Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Daneshpazhooh, M. Daneshpazhooh Departments of Dermatology and *Pathology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Razi Hospital, Tehran 1199663911, Iran Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Toosi, S. Toosi Departments of Dermatology and *Pathology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Razi Hospital, Tehran 1199663911, Iran Correspondence: Siavash Toosi. E‐mail: s_toosi@yahoo.com; stoosi@gmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Asgari, M. Asgari Departments of Dermatology and *Pathology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Razi Hospital, Tehran 1199663911, Iran Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F. Malekhami F. Malekhami Departments of Dermatology and *Pathology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Razi Hospital, Tehran 1199663911, Iran Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 158, Issue 3, 1 March 2008, Pages 478–482, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.08356.x Published: 01 March 2008
The role of complex genomic alterations in neuroblastoma risk estimation
Authors: Matthias Fischer, Frank Berthold
Journal: Genome Medicine (2010)

Specific genomic alterations, such as loss of the chromosomal region 11q or amplification of the oncogene MYCN, are well established markers of poor outcome in neuroblastoma. The advent of microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) has enabled the analysis of pangenomic alteration profiles in the cancer genome, offering the possibility of identifying new prognostic markers from complex aberration patterns. Results from recent studies examining large primary neuroblastoma cohorts by array-CGH show that global genomic profiles may add significant prognostic information. Here, we discuss potential implications for risk estimation of neuroblastoma patients in clinical practice as well as for the understanding of neuroblastoma pathogenesis.
Matrix metalloproteinase 10 contributes to hepatocarcinogenesis in a novel crosstalk with the stromal derived factor 1/C‐X‐C chemokine receptor 4 axis
Authors: Oihane García‐Irigoyen, Maria U. Latasa, Simone Carotti, Iker Uriarte, Maria Elizalde, Raquel Urtasun, Umberto Vespasiani‐Gentilucci, Sergio Morini, Patricia Benito, Jose M. Ladero, Jose A. Rodriguez, Jesus Prieto, Josune Orbe, Jose A. Páramo, Maite G. Fernández‐Barrena, Carmen Berasain, Matias A. Avila
Journal: Hepatology (2015)

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) participate in tissue repair after acute injury, but also participate in cancer by promoting a protumorigenic microenvironment. Previously, we reported on a key role for MMP10 in mouse liver regeneration. Herein, we investigated MMP10 expression and function in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced mouse hepatocarcinogenesis. MMP10 was induced in human and murine HCC tissues and cells. MMP10-deficient mice showed less HCC incidence, smaller histological lesions, reduced tumor vascularization, and less lung metastases. Importantly, expression of the protumorigenic, C-X-C chemokine receptor-4 (CXCR4), was reduced in DEN-induced MMP10-deficient mice livers. Human HCC cells stably expressing MMP10 had increased CXCR4 expression and migratory capacity. Pharmacological inhibition of CXCR4 significantly reduced MMP10-stimulated HCC cell migration. Furthermore, MMP10 expression in HCC cells was induced by hypoxia and the CXCR4 ligand, stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF1), through the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 pathway, involving an activator protein 1 site in MMP10 gene promoter.MMP10 contributes to HCC development, participating in tumor angiogenesis, growth, and dissemination. We identified a new reciprocal crosstalk between MMP10 and the CXCR4/SDF1 axis contributing to HCC progression and metastasis. To our knowledge, this is the first report addressing the role of a MMP in hepatocarcinogenesis in the corresponding genetic mouse model.
Serum Molecular Signatures of Weight Change during Early Breast Cancer Chemotherapy
Authors: Hector C. Keun, Jasmin Sidhu, Dmitry Pchejetski, Jacqueline S. Lewis, Helena Marconell, Michael Patterson, Steven R. Bloom, Vian Amber, R. Charles Coombes, Justin Stebbing
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2009)

Weight gain in women receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer is associated with a higher risk of recurrence but its mechanisms are poorly understood.To investigate this, we assessed the metabolic, cytokine, and appetite-related peptide alterations during adjuvant chemotherapy for early breast cancer in postmenopausal women, and correlated these with body mass measurements. Specifically, we performed global metabolic profiling using (1)H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of sequential sera, examined ghrelin immunoreactivity, RIAs for GLP-1 and peptide YY, and electrochemiluminescent cytokine analyses (tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6) on sequential samples.In those who gained >1.5 kg, several metabolite levels were positively associated with weight gain, specifically lactate, which was 63.5% greater in patients with increased body weight during chemotherapy compared with those with no weight gain (P < 0.01; the prespecified primary end point). A strong correlation (r = 0.7, P < 0.001) was detected between the rate of weight change and serum lactate levels, and on average, lactate levels exhibited the greatest metabolic response to chemotherapy, increasing by up to 75%. Normalized levels of peptide YY were also observed to be elevated in patients not gaining weight posttreatment (+30% compared with -7% for the weight gain group; P < 10(-4)). Baseline lactate, alanine, and body fat were all prognostic for weight gain (area under the receiver operator characteristic curves, >0.77; P < 0.05). No associations were observed between any other parameter and weight gain, including cytokine levels.Metabonomics identifies excess energy expenditure pathways perturbed during chemotherapy for breast cancer, and establishes a significant association between serum lactate, body fat, and substantive weight gain during chemotherapy.
Oversized young athletes: a weighty concern
Authors: M P McHugh
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2009)

The prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents is increasing worldwide, with a corresponding decline in physical fitness and general physical activity level. Overweight and obese adolescents are more than twice as likely to be injured in sports and other physical activities compared with non-overweight and non-obese adolescents. Obese adolescent athletes are more than three times as likely to sustain an ankle sprain compared with normal weight adolescent athletes. At the societal level, promoting physical activity for children and improving dietary habits are key strategies for lowering the prevalence of overweight and obesity. The increased risk of injury associated with being overweight or obese may in part be due to low physical activity level. Promotion of physical activity for children can provide neuromuscular training that may be beneficial in decreasing injury risk associated with general play and sports participation. For lower-extremity injuries, specific neuromuscular training interventions, such as balance training, have great potential in reversing the increased injury risk associated with overweight and obesity. Finally, the injured overweight young athlete may have a more prolonged recovery period than non-overweight young athletes. Early aggressive treatment of swelling with physical modalities, prolonged non-weight bearing, limited period of immobilisation and regular repetitive passive joint motion are indicated for the overweight young athlete with a lower-extremity joint injury.
C3b deposition on human erythrocytes induces the formation of a membrane skeleton–linked protein complex
Authors: Pallop Karnchanaphanurach, Rossen Mirchev, Ionita Ghiran, John M. Asara, Brigitte Papahadjopoulos-Sternberg, Anne Nicholson-Weller, David E. Golan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2009)

Decay-accelerating factor (DAF, also known as CD55), a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked (GPI-linked) plasma membrane protein, protects autologous cells from complement-mediated damage by inhibiting complement component 3 (C3) activation. An important physical property of GPI-anchored complement regulatory proteins such as DAF is their ability to translate laterally in the plasma membrane. Here, we used single-particle tracking and tether-pulling experiments to measure DAF lateral diffusion, lateral confinement, and membrane skeletal associations in human erythrocyte membranes. In native membranes, most DAF molecules exhibited Brownian lateral diffusion. Fluid-phase complement activation caused deposition of C3b, one of the products of C3 cleavage, onto erythrocyte glycophorin A (GPA). We then determined that DAF, C3b, GPA, and band 3 molecules were laterally immobilized in the membranes of complement-treated cells, and GPA was physically associated with the membrane skeleton. Mass spectrometry analysis further showed that band 3, alpha-spectrin, beta-spectrin, and ankyrin were present in a complex with C3b and GPA in complement-treated cells. C3b deposition was also associated with a substantial increase in erythrocyte membrane stiffness and/or viscosity. We therefore suggest that complement activation stimulates the formation of a membrane skeleton-linked DAF-C3b-GPA-band 3 complex on the erythrocyte surface. This complex may promote the removal of senescent erythrocytes from the circulation.
PDGFRα-Positive B Cells Are Neural Stem Cells in the Adult SVZ that Form Glioma-like Growths in Response to Increased PDGF Signaling
Authors: Erica L. Jackson, Jose Manuel Garcia-Verdugo, Sara Gil-Perotin, Monica Roy, Alfredo Quinones-Hinojosa, Scott VandenBerg, Arturo Alvarez-Buylla
Journal: Neuron (2006)
Adverse Health Outcomes in Women Exposed In Utero to Diethylstilbestrol
Authors: Robert N. Hoover, Marianne Hyer, Ruth M. Pfeiffer, Ervin Adam, Brian Bond, Andrea L. Cheville, Theodore Colton, Patricia Hartge, Elizabeth E. Hatch, Arthur L. Herbst, Beth Y. Karlan, Raymond Kaufman, Kenneth L. Noller, Julie R. Palmer, Stanley J. Robboy, Robert C. Saal, William Strohsnitter, Linda Titus-Ernstoff, Rebecca Troisi
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

Before 1971, several million women were exposed in utero to diethylstilbestrol (DES) given to their mothers to prevent pregnancy complications. Several adverse outcomes have been linked to such exposure, but their cumulative effects are not well understood.We combined data from three studies initiated in the 1970s with continued long-term follow-up of 4653 women exposed in utero to DES and 1927 unexposed controls. We assessed the risks of 12 adverse outcomes linked to DES exposure, including cumulative risks to 45 years of age for reproductive outcomes and to 55 years of age for other outcomes, and their relationships to the baseline presence or absence of vaginal epithelial changes, which are correlated with a higher dose of, and earlier exposure to, DES in utero.Cumulative risks in women exposed to DES, as compared with those not exposed, were as follows: for infertility, 33.3% vs. 15.5% (hazard ratio, 2.37; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.05 to 2.75); spontaneous abortion, 50.3% vs. 38.6% (hazard ratio, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.42 to 1.88); preterm delivery, 53.3% vs. 17.8% (hazard ratio, 4.68; 95% CI, 3.74 to 5.86); loss of second-trimester pregnancy, 16.4% vs. 1.7% (hazard ratio, 3.77; 95% CI, 2.56 to 5.54); ectopic pregnancy, 14.6% vs. 2.9% (hazard ratio, 3.72; 95% CI, 2.58 to 5.38); preeclampsia, 26.4% vs. 13.7% (hazard ratio 1.42; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.89); stillbirth, 8.9% vs. 2.6% (hazard ratio, 2.45; 95% CI, 1.33 to 4.54); early menopause, 5.1% vs. 1.7% (hazard ratio, 2.35; 95% CI, 1.67 to 3.31); grade 2 or higher cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, 6.9% vs. 3.4% (hazard ratio, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.59 to 3.27); and breast cancer at 40 years of age or older, 3.9% vs. 2.2% (hazard ratio, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.04 to 3.18). For most outcomes, the risks among exposed women were higher for those with vaginal epithelial changes than for those without such changes.In utero exposure of women to DES is associated with a high lifetime risk of a broad spectrum of adverse health outcomes. (Funded by the National Cancer Institute.).
Selective polyclonal increase of immunoglobulin G1 subclass: a link with Sjogren's syndrome.
Authors: E M Hay, A J Freemont, R A Kay, R M Bernstein, P J Holt, R S Pumphrey
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1990)

A selective polyclonal increase in IgG1 has been described previously in a group of patients with connective tissue disease; nine of the 16 patients had a prior diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). A detailed clinical and serological study of 32 patients with this immunoglobulin abnormality has now been made. Most cases showed a characteristic autoantibody profile of antinuclear antibody, rheumatoid factor, and antibodies to Ro and La. Sjögren's syndrome was diagnosed as 'definite' in 16 cases and 'possible' in seven cases by Fox's criteria. The remainder had unclassified connective tissue disease (three), rheumatoid arthritis with dry eyes (two), SLE (one), scleroderma (two), and Raynaud's disease (one). Extraglandular features were invariably present in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome. The highest concentrations of IgG1 were found in patients with the shortest disease duration. Selective polyclonal increase of IgG1 should alert the doctor to the development of Sjögren's syndrome, usually with extraglandular disease and antibodies to Ro and La.
Points from Letters: Breast-feeding
Authors: D. J. N. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Lung Cancer and Smoking SIR,-It seems that cigarette smokers adjust the number of cigarettes smokzd to obtain a predetermined dose of nicotine (Dr.M. A. H. Russell and others, 1 December, p. 512).Would it not be much safer (no tar), and much cleaner for non-smokers in the vicinity, to market nicotine inhalers, similar to those used by asthmatics?The price of these could be adjusted so that the Govern- ment need not lose revenue.The nicotine addicts would presumably not be at risk from bronchogenic carcinoma and chronic bronchitis, and there would be no carbon monoxide to contribute to atheroma forma- tion.-Iam, etc.,
Androgen-Regulated and Highly Tumorigenic Human Prostate Cancer Cell Line Established from a Transplantable Primary CWR22 Tumor
Authors: Ayush Dagvadorj, Shyh-Han Tan, Zhiyong Liao, Luciane R. Cavalli, Bassem R. Haddad, Marja T. Nevalainen
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Purpose: One of the major obstacles in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the transition of prostate cancer growth from androgen dependency to a hormone-refractory state is the lack of androgen-regulated and tumorigenic human prostate cancer cell lines. Experimental Design: We have established and characterized a new human prostate cancer cell line, CWR22Pc, derived from the primary CWR22 human prostate xenograft tumors. Results: The growth of CWR22Pc cells is induced markedly by dihydrotestosterone, and CWR22Pc cells express high levels of androgen receptor (AR) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Importantly, PSA expression in CWR22Pc cells is regulated by androgens. Stat5a/b, Stat3, Akt, and mitogen-activated protein kinase were constitutively active or cytokine inducible in CWR22Pc cells. The AR in CWR22Pc cells contains the H874Y mutation, but not the exon 3 duplication or other mutations. When inoculated subcutaneously into dihydrotestosterone-supplemented castrated nude mice, large tumors formed rapidly in 20 of 20 mice, whereas no tumors developed in mice without circulating dihydrotestosterone. Moreover, the serum PSA levels correlated with the tumor volumes. When androgens were withdrawn from the CWR22Pc tumors grown in nude mice, the tumors initially shrank but regrew back as androgen-independent tumors. Conclusions: This androgen-regulated and tumorigenic human prostate cancer cell line provides a valuable tool for studies on androgen regulation of prostate cancer cells and on the molecular mechanisms taking place in growth promotion of prostate cancer when androgens are withdrawn from the growth environment. CWR22Pc cells also provide a model system for studies on the regulation of transcriptional activity of mutated H874YAR in a prostate cancer cell context.
A NEW SENSITIVE ASSAY FOR ANTIBODY AGAINST CELL SURFACE ANTIGENS BASED ON INHIBITION OF CELL-DEPENDENT ANTIBODY-MEDIATED CYTOTOXICITY
Authors: Phil Halloran, Volker Schirrmacher, Hilliard Festenstein
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1974)

Inhibition of cell-dependent antibody-mediated cytotoxicity has been investigated as a new assay for antibody against cell surface antigens. The cytotoxicity system consisted of effector cells (normal mouse spleen cells), target cells (61Cr-labeled chicken erythrocytes), and antitarget cell antibody. Addition of antibody against cell surface antigens in the effector cell population regularly inhibited the cytotoxicity measured in this system. This cytotoxicity inhibition assay (CIA) detected antibody with a variety of specificities: anti-H-2, anti-Thy 1.2, anti-immunoglobulin, and antimouse bone marrow-derived lymphocyte antigen. When the inhibition by anti-H-2 sera was analyzed using effector cells from congenic mice, the activity was found to be directed against specificities mapping in the H-2K, H-2D, and I regions of the H-2 complex, correlating well with the specificities characterized by complement-dependent assays. A comparison between the sensitivity of the CIA and complement-dependent lysis revealed that the CIA was 2–11 times more sensitive for anti-H-2 antisera and 20–780 times more sensitive for certain antisera against subpopulations of the spleen cells (i.e., T cells or B cells). The CIA proved to be precise, sensitive, and reliable. It may become a very useful antibody assay in various species including man.
Extrathymic development of V alpha 14-positive T cells.
Authors: Y Makino, N Yamagata, T Sasho, Y Adachi, R Kanno, H Koseki, M Kanno, M Taniguchi
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1993)

It is known that rearrangement of the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) gene occurs in the thymus during T cell development and consequently results both in the deletion of DNA between the variable (V) and diversity/joining segments and in the formation of a circular DNA with recombination signal sequences. Here, we provide evidence that V alpha 14+ TCR gene rearrangements take place in extrathymic sites, such as bone marrow, liver, and intestine, but not in spleen, because we were able to detect frequent productive and nonproductive V alpha 14+ coding and signal sequences as a result of TCR rearrangements in extrathymic sites. Similar findings were also detected in athymic mice. Quantitative analysis shows that the relative amounts of V alpha 14 gene-mediated signal sequences in extrathymic tissues are higher than those in thymus. On the contrary, TCR rearrangements of V alpha 1.1 T cells, which are known to develop in the thymus, were mainly detected in the thymus, Peyer's patch, and spleen, but not in other extrathymic tissues, showing patterns distinct from V alpha 14 TCR rearrangements. These findings are evidence of extrathymic development of V alpha 14+ T cells. Differential characteristic TCR rearrangement patterns also indicate that distinct TCR repertoires are generated in different lymphoid tissues.
THE FLAT-TOPPED SEBORRHŒIC PAPULE
Authors: H. G. BROOKE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1895)

PROBABLY no disease which affects the skin, except syphilis, can boast of so great a variety of lesions as those which arc3 associated together under the heading "seborrhcea."We all know that the term is a vague and objectionable one, and it can hardly be doubted that it has been applied to dermatoses of the most varied kind, some of which may be really worthy of their designation, whilst others are but secondary infections, as it were parasitic attendants on pathological processes which held the ground before their supervention.The vagueness of the boundaries of the group is due, of course, to the absence of any definite specific criterion, microscopic or cultural (for the ?tzo~ococci and Flii,schen bacilli can hardly be said to have yet passed the crucial test), and we are compelled to rely on our experience for our diagnosis.Our knowledge of the syphilides is somewhat in the same condition as regards these criteria, but, lacking the mature clinical experience which we have of these syphilitic lesions which has given us the power, even where history and concomitant symptoms are not present to help us, of recognizing almost at once and with certainty nearly every manifestation of the disease, we are driven back, in the diagnosis of any unusual manifestations of suspected seborrhceic origin, to search for their association with the known and recognized primary lesions, viz., the yellow colouration of certain parts of the body, more especially the middle portion of the face; hyperzemic patches, sometimes taking on a salmon-coloured hue, through the mixture of the red with the yellow, and found chiefly on the face; scaling patches of all sizes and of various colours, yellowish, red, or perfectly pallid like the surrounding skin, most frequently and typically seen on the scalp, as pityriasis capitis.But, however close the association may be we have always