tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Spontaneous Fusion with, and Transformation of Mouse Stroma by, Malignant Human Breast Cancer Epithelium
Authors: Britta M. Jacobsen, J. Chuck Harrell, Paul Jedlicka, Virginia F. Borges, Marileila Varella-Garcia, Kathryn B. Horwitz
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Adenocarcinoma cells from the pleural effusion of a patient with breast cancer were injected into the mammary glands of nude mice and grown into solid tumors. A cell line derived from these tumors expressed α-smooth muscle actin but not human cytokeratin 7, indicating “activated” stroma of mouse origin. Cells in mitosis exhibited mainly polyploid mouse karyotypes, but 30% had mixed mouse and human chromosomes, among which 8% carried mouse/human translocations. Nuclei of interphase cells were 64% hybrid. Hybrid mouse/human nuclei were also detected in the primary xenograft. Thus, synkaryons formed in the solid tumor by spontaneous fusion between the malignant human epithelium and the surrounding normal host mouse stroma. The transformed stroma-derived cells are tumorigenic with histopathologic features of malignancy, suggesting a new mechanism for tumor progression. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(16): 8274-9)
ACE2 overexpression in the paraventricular nucleus attenuates angiotensin II-induced hypertension
Authors: Srinivas Sriramula, Jeffrey P. Cardinale, Eric Lazartigues, Joseph Francis
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2011)

AimsAngiotensin II (Ang II) has been shown to have both central and peripheral effects in mediating hypertension, for which the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is an important brain cardio-regulatory centre. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) has been identified as a negative regulator of the pro-hypertensive actions of Ang II. Recent findings from our laboratory suggest that Ang II infusion decreases ACE2 expression in the PVN. In the present study, we hypothesized that ACE2 overexpression in the PVN will have beneficial effects in counteracting Ang II-induced hypertension.
Phase I trial of capecitabine rapidly disintegrating tablets and concomitant radiation therapy in children with newly diagnosed brainstem gliomas and high-grade gliomas
Authors: Lindsay B. Kilburn, Mehmet Kocak, Franziska Schaedeli Stark, Georgina Meneses-Lorente, Carrie Brownstein, Sazzad Hussain, Murali Chintagumpala, Patrick A. Thompson, Sri Gururangan, Anuradha Banerjee, Arnold C. Paulino, Larry Kun, James M. Boyett, Susan M. Blaney
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2013)

BackgroundWe conducted a phase I study to estimate the maximum tolerated dose and describe the dose-limiting toxicities and pharmacokinetics of oral capecitabine rapidly disintegrating tablets given concurrently with radiation therapy to children with newly diagnosed brainstem or high-grade gliomas.
Correlation between gall bladder fasting volume and postprandial emptying in patients with gall stones and healthy controls.
Authors: J Pauletzki, M Cicala, J Holl, T Sauerbruch, A Schafmayer, G Paumgartner
Journal: Gut (1993)

To evaluate whether the extent of postprandial gall bladder emptying is correlated with gall bladder fasting volume, gall bladder motility was studied in 56 patients with cholesterol gall stone and 19 control patients. Gall bladder volumes were determined sonographically, while cholecystokinin plasma values were measured radioimmunologically. Twenty three per cent of gall stone patients were classified as pathological contractors (residual fraction &gt; mean +2SD of controls) and 77% as normal contractors. Normal but not pathological contractor patients exhibited larger gall bladder fasting volumes (mean (SEM)) (24.7 (1.7) ml) than controls (15.3 (1.2) ml, p &lt; 0.001). In normal contractor patients and controls fasting volume was closely related with ejection volume (r = 0.97, p &lt; 0.001) and residual volume (r = 0.80, p &lt; 0.001). Although ejection volume was enlarged in normal contractor patients it did not compensate the increase in fasting volume. Thus, residual volumes were considerably increased not only in pathological contractors (12.7 (2.5) ml, p &lt; 0.001) but also in normal contractor patients (7.0 (0.5) v 4.6 (0.6) ml, p &lt; 0.001). Postprandial cholecystokinin secretion did not differ between patients and controls. It is concluded, that in normal contractor patients gall bladder fasting volume is closely correlated with ejection and residual volume. Thus, fasting volume may be an essential factor affecting postprandial gall bladder emptying. Large fasting volumes in cholesterol gall stone disease could thereby contribute to bile retention, which facilitates gall stone growth.
Evaluation of the role of CFTR in alcohol related pancreatic disease Reply
Authors: J OCKENGA
Journal: Gut (2001)

Editor,—In up to 30% of patients with idiopathic pancreatitis (IP) a mutation of at least one or both alleles of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene can be identified.1-3 The study by Malats et al (

(2001) Gut 48:70–4; 

[OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4]

) addressed the question of whether CFTR mutations, possibly together with environmental factors such as alcohol, may be associated with chronic pancreatitis or pancreatic cancer. The vast majority of the pancreatic patients (86.4%) investigated by Malats et al were diagnosed as having alcoholic pancreatitis (AP), and 75.4% of the cancer patients were daily drinkers. The authors found no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of delta-F508 (0%; 2.4%) and the 5T allele (10.5%; 5.5%) in the AP or cancer groups compared with the expected prevalence in the general population. The lack of a positive association of both delta-F508 and the 5T allele with AP is neither surprising nor argues against involvement of CFTR variations in the development of AP, considering the following.

In cystic fibrosis (CF), the degree of correlation between CFTR genotype … 

Dr Malats. nuria{at}imim.es 

Dr Malats. nuria{at}imim.es 

Dr Malats. nuria{at}imim.es 

Dr Malats. nuria{at}imim.es

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The prevalence of allergy in Danish farmers
Authors: M. Iversen, B. Pedersen
Journal: Allergy (1990)

Sensitization to work‐related and other common inhalation allergens was studied in 187 farmers by means of SPT and RAST. A positive RAST to house dust mites occurred in 6.4% and to storage mites in 5.3% of farmers. Sensitization to grain, pollen and animal dander was less frequent and a positive RAST to moulds was not found. There was a very strong association between a positive RAST to house dust mites and storage mites (odds ratio 173.6). Smoking seemed to be a risk factor for sensitization to mites, pollen, grain, and animal dander. Smokers who had lived in damp dwellings had a significantly increased risk of sensitization to mites (odds ratio 6.2–12.6), whereas this was not so with non‐smokers (odds ratio 0.9–2.0).
Lack of Telopeptides in Fibrillar Collagen I Promotes the Invasion of a Metastatic Breast Tumor Cell Line
Authors: Zoe N. Demou, Michael Awad, Trevor McKee, Jean Yannis Perentes, Xiaoye Wang, Lance L. Munn, Rakesh K. Jain, Yves Boucher
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Defective fibrillar collagen polymerization in primary tumors has been correlated with increased metastasis. However, it is unclear how collagen organization influences tumor invasion. In this study, we show that collagen I polymerized without telopeptides (the flanking regions of collagen molecules) can differentially affect the three-dimensional migration of mammary carcinoma cells. MDA-MB-231 cells capable of proteolytic degradation and mesenchymal motion, invaded telopeptide-intact and telopeptide-free collagen gels to the same extent. In contrast, MDA-MB-435S cells, with typical features of amoeboid cells (poor collagenolytic activity, rounded cell morphology), were 5-fold more invasive in telopeptide-free than telopeptide-intact collagen. A fraction of the MDA-MB-435S cells that invaded telopeptide-intact or telopeptide-free collagen had a rounded morphology; however, in telopeptide-free collagen, a significant fraction of the cells switched from a rounded to elongated morphology (protrusion formation). The dynamic changes in cellular shape facilitated MDA-MB-435S locomotion through the narrow interfiber gaps, which were smaller than cell diameters. Based on the spherical morphology of MDA-MB-435S cells, we tested if the changes in cell shape and invasion were related to RhoA-ROCK activity; GTP-bound RhoA was measured in pull-down assays. RhoA activity was 1.8-fold higher for MDA-MB-435S cells seeded on telopeptide-free than telopeptide-intact collagen. Y27632 inhibition of ROCK, a Rho effector, significantly reduced the changes in cellular morphodynamics and the invasion of MDA-MB-435S cells but did not alter the invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells. Thus, the higher RhoA activity of MDA-MB-435S cells in telopeptide-free collagen enhances the changes in cellular morphodynamics associated with motility and invasion.
P1312 SOFOSBUVIR AND DACLATASVIR FOR RECURRENT HEPATITIS C AFTER LIVER TRANSPLANTATION: POTENT ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY BUT LACK OF CLINICAL BENEFIT IF TREATMENT IS GIVEN TOO LATE
Authors: A.M. Pellicelli, R. Lionetti, M. Montalbano, C. Durand, P. Ferenci, G. D'Offizi, V. Knop, A. Telese, I. Lenci, A. Andreoli, S. Zeuzem, M. Angelico
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Onychomadesis outbreak linked to hand, foot, and mouth disease, Spain, July 2008
Authors: J Guimbao, P Rodrigo, M J Alberto, M Omeñaca
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2010)

In July 2008 an onychomadesis outbreak in a nursery setting was reported in Saragossa (Spain). Some of the cases had previously suffered from hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). In order to study the outbreak and to determine the relation between the two diseases, two epidemiological studies were conducted: a descriptive study focused on cases and a retrospective cohort study. Samples from stool, pharynx and nails were obtained from cases for microbiological analysis. During the study period, 27 children fulfilled the case definition. The average age was 1.8 years. A case shed on average four nails (minimum one maximum twelve). Twenty-four of the 27 cases had previously presented with HFMD which started an average of 40 days before the onset of onychomadesis (relative risk: 14). Unidentified non-polio enterovirus (n=10), coxsackie B1 (n=4) and coxsackie B2 virus (n=3) were isolated in 28 specimens obtained from 14 cases. The analysis showed a strong association between HMFD and onychomadesis. Microbiological results have not been conclusive; consequently more studies are necessary to determine the causal agent of infectious onychomadesis.
Invasion of human keratinocytes by Staphylococcus aureus and intracellular bacterial persistence represent haemolysin-independent virulence mechanisms that are followed by features of necrotic and apoptotic keratinocyte cell death
Authors: M. Mempel, C. Schnopp, M. Hojka, H. Fesq, S. Weidinger, M. Schaller, H.C. Korting, J. Ring, D. Abeck
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Journal Article Invasion of human keratinocytes by Staphylococcus aureus and intracellular bacterial persistence represent haemolysin‐independent virulence mechanisms that are followed by features of necrotic and apoptotic keratinocyte cell death Get access M. Mempel, M. Mempel Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, Technical University Munich, Biedersteiner Str. 29, D‐80802 Munich, Germany Martin Mempel. E‐mail: m.mempel@lrz.tum.de Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Schnopp, C. Schnopp Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, Technical University Munich, Biedersteiner Str. 29, D‐80802 Munich, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Hojka, M. Hojka Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, Technical University Munich, Biedersteiner Str. 29, D‐80802 Munich, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. Fesq, H. Fesq Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, Technical University Munich, Biedersteiner Str. 29, D‐80802 Munich, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Weidinger, S. Weidinger Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, Technical University Munich, Biedersteiner Str. 29, D‐80802 Munich, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Schaller, M. Schaller Department of Dermatology, Ludwig‐Maximilians University, Munich, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H.C. Korting, H.C. Korting Department of Dermatology, Ludwig‐Maximilians University, Munich, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Ring, J. Ring Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, Technical University Munich, Biedersteiner Str. 29, D‐80802 Munich, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. Abeck D. Abeck Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, Technical University Munich, Biedersteiner Str. 29, D‐80802 Munich, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 146, Issue 6, 1 June 2002, Pages 943–951, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2002.04752.x Published: 01 June 2002 Article history Accepted: 20 December 2001 Published: 01 June 2002
Evolution of 7SK RNA and Its Protein Partners in Metazoa
Authors: M. Marz, A. Donath, N. Verstraete, V. T. Nguyen, P. F. Stadler, O. Bensaude
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2009)

7SK RNA is a key player in the regulation of polymerase II transcription. 7SK RNA was considered as a highly conserved vertebrate innovation. The discovery of poorly conserved homologs in several insects and lophotrochozoans, however, implies a much earlier evolutionary origin. The mechanism of 7SK function requires interaction with the proteins HEXIM and La-related protein 7. Here, we present a comprehensive computational analysis of these two proteins in metazoa, and we extend the collection of 7SK RNAs by several additional candidates. In particular, we describe 7SK homologs in Caenorhabditis species. Furthermore, we derive an improved secondary structure model of 7SK RNA, which shows that the structure is quite well-conserved across animal phyla despite the extreme divergence at sequence level.
Recovery of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in respiratory specimens from HIV positive patients being evaluated for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.
Authors: R L Doyle, J J Doherty, L H Zimmerman
Journal: Thorax (1995)

BACKGROUND--Despite the immune suppression, frequent hospital admissions, and many intercurrent illnesses associated with HIV infection, Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been cited relatively infrequently as a respiratory pathogen in HIV positive patients. METHODS--The microbiological isolates, medical records, radiographic reports, and laboratory data from 224 patients undergoing sputum induction and/or bronchoalveolar lavage for evaluation of respiratory symptoms suspicious for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) from 1989 to 1992 were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS--An increasing number of respiratory isolates with Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found over this time period. Eighteen of the 224 patients were identified in whom P aeruginosa was recovered on at least one occasion. These patients were more likely to have a history of smoking and prior PCP than those in whom Pseudomonas was not recovered. Mean CD4 counts were also significantly lower in these patients. CONCLUSIONS--Pseudomonas aeruginosa may be recovered from a substantial number of respiratory isolates from HIV positive patients suspected of having PCP. The prevalence of this phenomenon may be increasing.
<i>In Utero</i> Smoke Exposure and Role of Maternal and Infant Glutathione S-Transferase Genes on Airway Responsiveness and Lung Function in Infancy
Authors: Jasminka Murdzoska, Sunalene G. Devadason, Siew-Kim Khoo, Louis I. Landau, Sally Young, Jack Goldblatt, Guicheng Zhang, Peter N. Le Souëf, Catherine M. Hayden
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2009)

Rationale: Xenobiotics in the maternal circulation are capable of crossing the placental barrier so a reduction in the mother and fetus's detoxification ability due to genetic variation in the glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) could expose the fetus to higher levels of toxins.Objectives: To investigate the interactive effects of maternal smoking during pregnancy with maternal and infant GST genotypes on airway responsiveness (AR) and lung function in infancy.Methods: GSTT1, GSTP1 and GSTM1 were genotyped in infants and mothers, in utero smoke exposure was evaluated by questionnaire, AR was assessed by histamine challenge and maxFRC was measured using the rapid thoracoabdominal compression technique. We investigated the interactive effects of maternal smoking during pregnancy with maternal and infant GST genes on AR and lung function at 1, 6, and 12 months and longitudinally throughout the first year.Measurements and Main Results: Infant and/or maternal GSTT1 nonnull was associated with reduced AR at 12 months and throughout the first year and increased maxFRC at 6 months. Maternal GSTP1 Val/Val or Ile/Val was associated with increased maxFRC at 6 months. In infants exposed to in utero smoke, infant and/or maternal GSTT1 nonnull was associated with reduced AR at 1 month and throughout the first year and increased maxFRC throughout the first year. Maternal GSTP1 Val/Val or Ile/Val was associated with increased maxFRC at 6 months.Conclusions: GST genes may be especially important during fetal development as they may modify, through proficient detoxification, the effects of in utero maternal smoke exposure on AR and lung function in infants.
Correction of canine X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency by in vivo retroviral gene therapy
Authors: Suk See Ting–De Ravin, Douglas R. Kennedy, Nora Naumann, Jeffrey S. Kennedy, Uimook Choi, Brian J. Hartnett, Gilda F. Linton, Narda L. Whiting-Theobald, Peter F. Moore, William Vernau, Harry L. Malech, Peter J. Felsburg
Journal: Blood (2005)
Recurrent hamstring muscle injury: applying the limited evidence in the professional football setting with a seven-point programme
Authors: Peter Brukner, Andrew Nealon, Christopher Morgan, Darren Burgess, Andrew Dunn
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2013)

Recurrent hamstring injuries are a major problem in sports such as football. The aim of this paper was to use a clinical example to describe a treatment strategy for the management of recurrent hamstring injuries and examine the evidence for each intervention. A professional footballer sustained five hamstring injuries in a relatively short period of time. The injury was managed successfully with a seven-point programme-biomechanical assessment and correction, neurodynamics, core stability, eccentric strengthening, an overload running programme, injection therapies and stretching/relaxation. The evidence for each of these treatment options is reviewed. It is impossible to be definite about which aspects of the programme contributed to a successful outcome. Only limited evidence is available in most cases; therefore, decisions regarding the use of different treatment modalities must be made by using a combination of clinical experience and research evidence.
Prevention of murine coxsackie B3 viral myocarditis and associated lymphoid organ atrophy with recombinant human leucocyte interferon A/D
Authors: C. KISHIMOTO, C. S CRUMPACKER, W. H ABELMANN
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1988)

The effects of recombinant human leucocyte interferon alpha A/D on experimental myocarditis due to coxsackie virus B3 were investigated. Specific plaque reduction assays showed that 50% of in vitro plaque formation in VERO (kidney of African green monkey) cells was inhibited by interferon alpha A/D 48 U.ml-1 when administered 24 h before infection with coxsackie virus B3. Three week old male C3H/He mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with 3 x 10(2) plaque-forming units (pfu) of coxsackie virus B3. Controls (group 1) were injected with saline. Interferon alpha A/D 10(4) (group 2) or 10(3) (group 3) U.g-1.day-1, was administered subcutaneously daily, starting 1 d before the infection. Interferon alpha A/D 10(4) U.g-1.day-1 (group 4) was also given, starting the same day. Each group consisted of ten mice. Animals were sacrificed on d 5 for evaluation. Myocardial virus titres were significantly lower in groups 2, 3, and 4 (p less than 0.05) compared with controls. Histological examination showed extensive myocardial necrosis and cellular infiltration in all untreated mice but less severe necrosis and cellular infiltration in treated groups. Thymus and spleen weights in treated groups were greater than in the untreated group, and cellular depletion was less. Thus interferon alpha A/D effectively inhibited myocardial replication of coxsackie virus B3, reduced the myocardial inflammatory response, and prevented the disease associated lymphoid organ atrophy in this animal model.
Efficacy of capecitabine versus 5-fluorouracil in colorectal and gastric cancers: a meta-analysis of individual data from 6171 patients
Authors: J. Cassidy, L. Saltz, C. Twelves, E. Van Cutsem, P. Hoff, Y. Kang, J.P. Saini, F. Gilberg, D. Cunningham
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2011)
Predicting sickness during a 2-week soccer camp at 3600 m (ISA3600)
Authors: Martin Buchheit, Ben M Simpson, Walter F Schmidt, Robert J Aughey, Rudy Soria, Robert A Hunt, Laura A Garvican-Lewis, David B Pyne, Christopher J Gore, Pitre C Bourdon
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2013)

Objectives To examine the time course of changes in wellness and health status markers before and after episodes of sickness in young soccer players during a high-altitude training camp (La Paz, 3600 m). Methods Wellness and fatigue were assessed daily on awakening using specifically-designed questionnaires and resting measures of heart rate and heart rate variability. The rating of perceived exertion and heart rate responses to a submaximal run (9 km/h) were also collected during each training session. Players who missed the morning screening for at least two consecutive days were considered as sick. Results Four players met the inclusion criteria. With the exception of submaximal exercise heart rate, which showed an almost certain and large increase before the day of sickness (4%; 90% confidence interval 3 to 6), there was no clear change in any of the other psychometric or physiological variables. There was a very likely moderate increase (79%, 22 to 64) in self-reported training load the day before the heart rate increase in sick players (4 of the 4 players, 100%). In contrast, training load was likely and slightly decreased (−24%, −78 to −11) in players who also showed an increased heart rate but remained healthy. Conclusions A &gt;4% increased heart rate during submaximal exercise in response to a moderate increase in perceived training load the previous day may be an indicator of sickness the next day. All other variables, that is, resting heart rate, heart rate variability and psychometric questionnaires may be less powerful at predicting sickness.