tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Health related quality of life (HRQoL) and demographic characteristics of long term head and neck cancer survivors submitted to concomitant chemoradiation in Brazil
Authors: D. V. Santos, K. M. Kiyota, I. Snitcovsky, G. M. Leitão, M. H. Federico
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

18572 Background: Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a stigmatizing disease. In order to identify special needs in these patients (pts), we evaluated HRQoL and the demographic characteristics of HNC pts who had survived at least one year after chemoradiation. Methods: Our survey, done in may 2005, identified 42 pts alive (from 527 admitted from May 2002 to May 2004 treated with either exclusive (n = 19) or adjuvant (n = 23) chemoradiation. These pts as well 16 normal controls, were interviewed and invited to complete EORTC-QLQ-C30 and HN35. These questionnaires had already been validated for Brazilian Portuguese. Primary site was 12 oral cavity, 14 pharynx, 13 larynx, 3 not determined. Age 60.3 ± 9.0 y, 36 male and 6 female; 39 were squamous cell carcinoma and 3 other type; 28 were stage III or IV; 40 had no evidence of disease and two had recurrent disease at the time of survey. Comparison between groups were done by using the Mann-Whitney test and differences of at least 10 points was considered of clinical significance. Simple correlations were conducted between HRQoL variables and clinical correlates and demographics. The level of significance was established at p &lt; 0.05. This work was conducted according to Helsinki declaration and Brazilian law. Results: Scores relative to global QoL (p = 0.18) and emotional function (p = 0.59) did not differ in pts as compared to controls. Pts presented worse scores in swallowing, senses, speech, pain, dental problems, xerostomia and mouth opening (all p &lt; 0.05). Emotional function (r = 0.316, p = 0.041) and financial worries (r = −0.509, p = 0.001) impacted on global QoL, what did not happen with marital status, income and level of education, age or previous surgery. Chronic pain was more prevalent in oral cavity tumors than in other sites such as pharynx or larynx tumors (p = 0.046 and p = 0.030, respectively). Pts with larynx tumors presented worse cough score as compared to those with pharynx tumors (p = 0.009). Conclusions: Providing continuous oral and dental care seems to be important to address survivors’ concerns. Financial distress could be ameliorated by a better social support system. Tumor site seem to affect differently some domains of HRQoL, in contrast to organ preservation. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Directional wavelet based features for colonic polyp classification
Authors: Georg Wimmer, Toru Tamaki, J.J.W. Tischendorf, Michael Häfner, Shigeto Yoshida, Shinji Tanaka, Andreas Uhl
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2016)

In this work, various wavelet based methods like the discrete wavelet transform, the dual-tree complex wavelet transform, the Gabor wavelet transform, curvelets, contourlets and shearlets are applied for the automated classification of colonic polyps. The methods are tested on 8 HD-endoscopic image databases, where each database is acquired using different imaging modalities (Pentax's i-Scan technology combined with or without staining the mucosa), 2 NBI high-magnification databases and one database with chromoscopy high-magnification images. To evaluate the suitability of the wavelet based methods with respect to the classification of colonic polyps, the classification performances of 3 wavelet transforms and the more recent curvelets, contourlets and shearlets are compared using a common framework. Wavelet transforms were already often and successfully applied to the classification of colonic polyps, whereas curvelets, contourlets and shearlets have not been used for this purpose so far. We apply different feature extraction techniques to extract the information of the subbands of the wavelet based methods. Most of the in total 25 approaches were already published in different texture classification contexts. Thus, the aim is also to assess and compare their classification performance using a common framework. Three of the 25 approaches are novel. These three approaches extract Weibull features from the subbands of curvelets, contourlets and shearlets. Additionally, 5 state-of-the-art non wavelet based methods are applied to our databases so that we can compare their results with those of the wavelet based methods. It turned out that extracting Weibull distribution parameters from the subband coefficients generally leads to high classification results, especially for the dual-tree complex wavelet transform, the Gabor wavelet transform and the Shearlet transform. These three wavelet based transforms in combination with Weibull features even outperform the state-of-the-art methods on most of the databases. We will also show that the Weibull distribution is better suited to model the subband coefficient distribution than other commonly used probability distributions like the Gaussian distribution and the generalized Gaussian distribution. So this work gives a reasonable summary of wavelet based methods for colonic polyp classification and the huge amount of endoscopic polyp databases used for our experiments assures a high significance of the achieved results.
A phase III randomized trial of chemoimmunotherapy comprising gemcitabine and capecitabine with or without telomerase vaccine GV1001 in patients with locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer.
Authors: Gary William Middleton, Juan W. Valle, Jonathan Wadsley, David Propper, Fareeda Y. Coxon, Paul J. Ross, Srinivasan Madhusudan, Tom Roques, David Cunningham, Philippa Corrie, William Greenhalf, Victoria Shaw, Trevor F. Cox, Paul Silcocks, Gemma Nanson, John P. Neoptolemos
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

LBA4004 The full, final text of this abstract will be available at abstract.asco.org at 7:30 AM (EDT) on Monday, June, 3, 2013, and in the Annual Meeting Proceedings online supplement to the June 20, 2013, issue of Journal of Clinical Oncology. Onsite at the Meeting, this abstract will be printed in the Monday edition of ASCO Daily News.
IFNγ and CCL2 Cooperate to Redirect Tumor-Infiltrating Monocytes to Degrade Fibrosis and Enhance Chemotherapy Efficacy in Pancreatic Carcinoma
Authors: Kristen B. Long, Whitney L. Gladney, Graham M. Tooker, Kathleen Graham, Joseph A. Fraietta, Gregory L. Beatty
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2016)

Abstract Dense fibrosis and a robust macrophage infiltrate are key therapeutic barriers in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). CD40 activation can circumvent these barriers by inducing macrophages, originating from peripheral blood monocytes, to deplete fibrosis. The precise mechanism and therapeutic implications of this antifibrotic activity, though, remain unclear. Here, we report that IFNγ and CCL2 released systemically in response to a CD40 agonist cooperate to redirect a subset of Ly6C+CCR2+ monocytes/macrophages to infiltrate tumors and deplete fibrosis. Whereas CCL2 is required for Ly6C+ monocyte/macrophage infiltration, IFNγ is necessary for tumor-infiltrating monocytes/macrophages to shift the profile of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) in tumors, leading to MMP-dependent fibrosis degradation. In addition, MMP13-dependent loss of extracellular matrix components induced by a CD40 agonist increased PDAC sensitivity to chemotherapy. Our findings demonstrate that fibrosis in PDAC is a bidirectional process that can be rapidly altered by manipulating a subset of tumor-infiltrating monocytes, leading to enhanced chemotherapy efficacy. Significance: We report that CD40 agonists improve chemotherapy efficacy in pancreatic carcinoma by redirecting tumor-infiltrating monocytes/macrophages to induce fibrosis degradation that is dependent on MMPs. These findings provide novel insight into the plasticity of monocytes/macrophages in cancer and their capacity to regulate fibrosis and modulate chemotherapy efficacy in pancreatic carcinoma. Cancer Discov; 6(4); 400–13. ©2016 AACR. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 331
The effects of intermittent androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and zoledronic acid administration on bone density in patients with prostate cancer
Authors: L. Katznelson, K. Kent, S. Srinivas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

15593 Background: Intermittent ADT is commonly used in men with recurrent prostate cancer. Bone loss associated with ADT is well described. Bisphosphonate use in men undergoing ADT results in improvement in bone mineral density (BMD), although the utility and duration of bisphosphonate use in men undergoing intermittent ADT are unclear. Objective:To evaluate the effect of zoledronic acid administration every 3 months on BMD in men with prostate cancer undergoing intermittent ADT, and whether BMD is maintained upon discontinuation of both ADT and zoledronic acid. Methods: Patients with recurrent prostate cancer starting ADT were eligible to participate. Subjects received ADT for 9 months in addition to 3 doses of zoledronic acid every 3 months. At 9 months, patients who achieved an undetectable serum PSA were taken off ADT and then randomized either to continuing zoledronic acid every 3 months for an additional 3 doses vs. observation. BMD, assessed by DEXA scan, was determined at baseline, 9 months, and between 18 -24 months at hip, trochanter, femoral neck and lumbar spine sites. Results: Twenty two patients were treated with ADT and zoledronic acid between 2003–2006. Seven of these subjects had bone metastases and had previous treatment with ADT.There was one infusion related reaction, and one patient developed osteonecrosis of the jaw and was removed from the study. At baseline, 3 patients had osteoporosis at the lumbar spine. All patients who received zoledronic acid for 9 months had an improvement in BMD at all 3 sites. In the 7 subjects who had previously received ADT, BMD of the femoral neck increased significantly by approximately 1.9%. Among the 6 patients randomized to continuing zoledronic acid after discontinuing ADT at 9 months, all had a further, significant increase in BMD. Those randomized to observation were unable to maintain their BMD and had continued bone loss despite stopping ADT. Conclusions: This small study demonstrated an increase/maintenance of BMD in men receiving intermittent ADT and zoledronic acid. Only those men who continued zoledronic acid for up to a total of 9 mos after discontinuing ADT maintained BMD No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Reply to H.J.A. Adams and T.C. Kwee
Authors: Christoph Mamot
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

We thank Adams and Kwee for their detailed review of our article and also for their comments. The main objective of this trial was to prospectively determine the prognostic value of interim positron emission tomography (PET) after two cycles of rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone every 2 weeks, and we reported that this procedure has only limited value. Additionally, we demonstrated that the best separation of prognosis between PET-positive and PET-negative patients was achieved by the end-of-treatment PET scan. We agree that an event-free survival of 72% at 2 years for PETnegative patients does not indicate a high prognostic value. However, as discussed in our article, the outcome for all patients (PET-positive and PET-negative) seemed disappointing but can be explained by the fact that involved field radiotherapy or high-dose methotrexate as CNS prophylaxis were given to 25 patients regardless of PET results, and this counted as an event per the protocol. Because of a balanced distribution in both groups and the fact that our findings showed no differences when excluding these patients, we decided to report on the end points that were defined in the protocol and were studied prospectively. In further analysis, we also looked at progression-free survival (PFS), where such events were excluded. In this situation, PFS at 2 years exceeded 88% for the patients having a negative PET scan at the end of treatment. At least for these patients, PET negativity at the end of this trial predicted a low risk of disease progression within 2 years. The role of PET imaging in lymphoma patients for staging and response assessment has been studied extensively in the past, and, clearly, this technology has its limitations, such as the detection of microscopic residual disease or bone marrow infiltration. Of course, patients with indolent lymphomas or aggressive lymphomas treated with noncurative chemotherapy can achieve a negative PETresult at the end of treatment. However, inDLBCL, cure ismost often the aim of chemotherapy in this setting, and the PET has been evaluated as a surrogatemarker for this goal. A PFS of 88% after 2 years for patients having a negative PETresult at the end of treatment is in line with the results of other trials in this situation, and to my knowledge, there are not many other predictive parameters that are superior to these findings. In our view,more concerning than the PET-negative results is the relatively high number of false-positive PET results for the interim PET in this trial, as well as for the end-of-treatment PET.
Prevalence of Intimate Partner Violence and Injuries--Washington, 1998
Journal: JAMA (2000)

This paper reports on the prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) and injuries in Washington State (US) in 1998.  Data on the prevalence of IPV were obtained by adding questions from the Conflict Tactics Scale and the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale to the 1998 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) of the State Department of Health.  Results showed that among the approximately 2113000 women aged 18 and older about 499000 (23.6%) experienced IPV during their lives and 456000 (21.6%) sustained a physical injury from IPV.  For the 2049000 men approximately 336000 (16.4%) experienced IPV and about 154000 (7.5%) sustained injury from it.  These findings indicate that IPV in Washington is more prevalent among women than men.  In addition divorced or separated status and low education are shown to be associated with an increased risk for reported IPV. Implications for interventions and usefulness of BRFSS for collecting data on IPV are discussed.
Development of a biochemotherapy regimen with concurrent administration of cisplatin, vinblastine, dacarbazine, interferon alfa, and interleukin-2 for patients with metastatic melanoma.
Authors: S S Legha, S Ring, O Eton, A Bedikian, A C Buzaid, C Plager, N Papadopoulos
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

PURPOSE To evaluate the antitumor activity and toxicity of concurrent biochemotherapy that uses cisplatin, vinblastine, and docarbazine (DTIC) (CVD) in combination with interferon alfa-2a (IFN-alpha) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) in patients with metastatic melanoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS Between October 1992 and October 1993, 53 patients with a documented diagnosis of metastatic melanoma with measurable lesions and an Eastern Oncology Cooperative Group (ECOG) performance status of 2 or less were enrolled onto this study. Patients were required to have no clinically significant cardiac dysfunction and to be free from symptomatic brain metastases. The treatment consisted of cisplatin 20 mg/m2 daily for 4 days; vinblastine 1.6 mg/m2 daily for 4 days; and DTIC 800 mg/m2 intravenously (i.v.) day 1 with IL-2 9 x 10(6) IU/m2 i.v. by continuous infusion daily for 4 days and IFN-alpha 5 x 10(6) U/m2 subcutaneously daily for 5 days, repeated at 21-day intervals. Response was assessed after two cycles and patients who responded were continued on treatment for a total of six cycles. RESULTS Among 53 assessable patients, 11 patients (21%) achieved a complete response (CR) and 23 patients (43%) achieved a partial response (PR), for an overall objective response rate of 64%. The median time to disease progression for all patients was 5 months. The median survival of all patients entered onto the trial was 11.8 months. Among the 11 patients who achieved a CR, five patients (9%) have remained in continuous CR for 50+ to 61+ months. The toxicity of biochemotherapy consisted of severe myelosuppression, significant nausea and vomiting, and moderately severe hypotension that required inpatient hospital care for each 5-day cycle of treatment. There were no treatment-related deaths. CONCLUSION Concurrent biochemotherapy for patients with advanced melanoma is capable of producing high CR and overall response rates and resulted in durable complete remissions in a small fraction of patients. Toxicity, although severe, was manageable in a routine inpatient hospital environment.
Systemic capecitabine and oxaliplatin administered with hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) of floxuridine (FUDR) following complete resection of colorectal metastases (M-CRC) confined to the liver: A North Central Cancer Treatment Group (NCCTG) phase II intergroup trial
Authors: S. R. Alberts, M. R. Mahoney, J. Donohue, M. S. Roh, E. M. Green, D. J. Sargent, L. D. Wagman, J. S. Bolton
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

3525 Background: The prognosis for patients with hepatic metastases from M-CRC can be poor. However, surgery followed by HAI FUDR plus systemic (SYS) 5-FU improves 5-yr survival rates. Oxaliplatin (OXAL) combined with capecitabine (CAPE) has demonstrated activity in advanced CRC. We report early results of an analysis of SYS OXAL plus CAPE, alternating with HAI FUDR. The primary endpoint is 2-yr survival (2YS). Methods: Patients with M-CRC liver lesions amenable to resection ± ablation were eligible. HAI + SYS therapy was initiated following metastasectomy. Alternating courses of HAI consisted of 0.2 mg/m 2 /d FUDR and dexamethasone, d1–14 weeks 1 &amp; 2. SYS therapy included 130 mg/m 2 OXAL d1, with CAPE at 1000 mg/m 2 p.o. BID, d1–14, weeks 4 &amp; 5. Two additional 3-wk courses of SYS therapy were given. CAPE was reduced to 850 mg/m 2 /BID after interim review of toxicity (GI Cancer Symposium 2004). Patient Characteristics: 54 of 70 patients were able to initiate HAI FUDR + SYS. 52% had a solitary met and 24% presented with bilobar mets. Results: Patients completed median of 6 cycles (range 1 - 6). Reasons for discontinuation included: refusal/toxicity (10), completed per protocol (32), recurrence (4), and medical/other (3). No post-operative or treatment related deaths were reported. 69% (31/45) of evaluable patients are alive with a minimum 18 mos of follow-up. 6 deaths occurred in less than 2 yrs. 44% (20/45) have recurred, with 40% (8/20) having liver involvement. Median time-to-progression is 32 mos with an estimated 2YS rate of 86% (95% CI 76–97%). Conclusions: The combination of HAI FUDR and SYS therapy appears to improve outcome following resection of hepatic CRC-M. Updated follow-up is necessary to solidify the primary endpoint of 2YS. Supported by NIH Grant CA25224–18, Sanofi-Synthelabo, and Roche Laboratories, Inc. Maximum Severity, Grade 3+ (N=54) [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
Clinical and immunologic findings in a phase 2 study of a GM-CSF-secreting prostate cancer cell line vaccine in patients with metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer (met HPRC)
Authors: J. W. Simons, C. Higano, D. Smith, J. Corman, C. Steidle, M. Gittelman, G. Hudes, J. Aimi, N. Sacks, E. Small
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

2517
A randomized neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC) study in advanced breast cancer (BC): AC vs FEC 60
Authors: M. T. Laloni, F. Moura Silva, C. Tosello, A. H. R. Garcia, A. P. A. P. Bertozzi, J. C. G. S. Góes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

832 Background: We designed this study to compare the clinical and pathologic response rates of AC [Doxorubicin (D) and Cyclophosphamide (C)] and FEC [Fluorouracil (F), Epirubicin (E) and Cyclophosphamide] as NC in patients (pts) with BC. Methods: Women (n = 100) with operable primary BC with stage III and age ≤ 70 years old (yo) were randomly assigned to receive four cycles of AC (arm A, n = 51 pts) (D = 60 mg/m2; C = 600 mg/m2) every 21 days or four cycles of FEC (arm B, n = 49 pts) (F = 600 mg/m2; E = 60 mg/m2; C = 600 mg/m2) every 28 days between January 2002 and May 2003. Clinical and pathologic tumor responses were assessed by clinical examination and pathologic analyses. The initial tumor size, stage, age, menopausal status and hormonal receptors status were well balanced in both arms. Results: Median initial tumor size was 9,34 and 8,8 cm, stage IIIa was 50% and 48%, stage IIIb was 50% and 52%, median age was 51 yo (range from 28 –70) and 52 yo (range from 33 –69), menopausal status was 42% and 44%, estrogen receptor positive was 62,2% and 60,4%, progesterone receptor positive was 53% and 56% in the arm A and arm B respectively. After four cycles of NC the results were as follows (arm A first): median pathologic tumor size 3,9 vs 3,12 cm, median clinical size reduction 5,95 vs 5,15 cm, downstaging 49% vs 52%, negative nodes (pN0) 30,7% vs 26,5%, pathologic complete response (pCR) 12,1% vs 10,7%, pathologic partial response 75,3% vs 77,1%, stable disease was 7,3% vs 10,2% and progression 4,3% vs 2%. Conclusions: The FEC 60 neoadjuvant regimen is as effective as AC in this population. Randomized trials report complete pathologic responses ranging from 14% to 31%. However, this study could not found these rates. It is believed due to the large mean tumor size verified in our population. Furthermore, the literature shows better pCR in sequential NC regimens containing anthracycline and taxanes, so FEC with a Taxane can be an approach to these patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Retrospective evaluation on safety concerns of adjuvant therapy for elderly breast cancer patients in a clinical setting.
Authors: Jose Juan Illarramendi, Jorge Illarramendi, Susana De La Cruz, Nuria Lainez, Esteban Salgado, Ruth Vera
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

232 Background: Safety concerns have an important role for the decision making of systemic adjuvant therapy in elderly frail breast cancer patients. These patients are not common in controlled clinical trials. Methods: Retrospective observational assessment of major events in a subgroup of elderly (&gt;70 years) breast cancer patients who received adjuvant systemic therapy in a single center (2001-2011). Events were especially evaluated in case of a potential relation to antiestrogen therapy and chemotherapy. Results: 176 patients have been evaluated. Median age: 77.5 years (70-94). Median follow-up: 7.3 years (1-12,5). Most patients received hormone therapy with aromatase inhibitors (70 anastrozol, 43 letrozol, 2 exemestane) ot tamoxifen (41 p.). Some patients received adjuvant chemotherapy (41 p.) and trastuzumab (2 p.). Events found in this population included as follows: fractures (19 hip and/or pelvic, 19 arm, 5 leg, 7 vertebral), severe cognitive impairment (27), cardiac failure (23), ocular surgery for cataracts (15), joint and tendon surgery (10), cerebrovascular accidents (9), polymyalgia (4), second neoplasms (1 leukemia, 1 fallopian tube, 2 colon, 1 vulva, 1 uterus, 1 gastric, 1 bladder, 1 maxillary, 1 muultiple myeloma, 1 myelodysplastic syndrome), symptomatic arrythmia (11), cardiac ischemia (4), thromboembolic events (15), neutropenic fever (4) repeated urinary tract infections (9). Conclusions: Events with potential safety concerns are not uncommon in elderly breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant therapy and must be addressed in the treatment plans of these patients.
Screening for Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Jill Jin
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Albert L. Siu, MD, MSPH; and the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF); Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, PhD, MD, MAS; David C. Grossman, MD, MPH; Linda Ciofu Baumann, PhD, RN, APRN; Karina W. Davidson, PhD, MASc; Mark Ebell, MD, MS; Francisco A. R. García, MD, MPH; Matthew Gillman, MD, SM; Jessica Herzstein, MD, MPH; Alex R. Kemper, MD, MPH, MS; Alex H. Krist, MD, MPH; Ann E. Kurth, PhD, RN, MSN, MPH; Douglas K. Owens, MD, MS; William R. Phillips, MD, MPH; Maureen G. Phipps, MD, MPH; Michael P. Pignone, MD, MPH