tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Development of a cancer survivorship patient navigator program.
Authors: Andrew L. Salner, Deborah Walker, Ellen Dornelas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

206 Background: Survivorship and navigation are component concepts within the continuum of integrated comprehensive cancer care. The focus of survivorship navigation is to provide strategies for a seamless transition for patients/family from acute cancer treatment to optimal post-treatment recovery, and to communicate those strategies with the patient’s health care providers. In addition, this visit may target a “teachable moment” where patients view health and lifestyle modifications as prioritized strategies for remaining cancer free. We developed a survivorship patient navigator program utilizing an APRN model, and performed pilot studies on its feasibility and effectiveness. This project has been funded in part with federal funds from the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, under Contract No. HHSN261200800001E. Methods: Our study, funded in part by a grant from the Livestrong Foundation and also through our collaborative work as an NCI Community Cancer Centers Program (NCCCP) site, examines whether the cancer treatment summary and survivorship care plan provided to the patient by a Survivorship Nurse Practitioner Navigator (SPN) will improve health and wellness from the patient’s perspective. The study obtained self-report data after a post treatment initial SPN visit and again 6 months later. It also explored enablers and barriers to successful program development. Results: Data analysis indicates that patients perceive they are receiving personalized and beneficial cancer care and are highly satisfied with the care plan provided. Barriers to establishing the program include: lack of MD understanding and acceptance, difficulty in obtaining treatment data from outside offices, limited staff resources, equipment costs, patient concern and buy-in for additional visit. Enablers include: MD champions, excellent communications to all team members, satisfied patients, CoC standards new in 2015 and ASCO QOPI measures, automation, sustainability, grant funding, philanthropy, and APRN visit charge. Conclusions: Survivorship is a key component of comprehensive cancer care. We have developed a sustainable model for program delivery, and our preliminary data supports enhancement of the patient experience.
Margaret McCartney: Bad language
Authors: M. McCartney
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Whether it’s related to remnants of paternalism or to the universal rise of the public relations industry, healthcare is littered with terminology that inadvertently or otherwise misleads, by concealing or distorting crucial information. From lazy language to deliberate doublespeak, some of my most loathed examples are below. Don’t we need a clear-out of this bad language? Words that mask austerity cuts:
Application of kinase activity profiles to predict response to erlotinib in a neoadjuvant setting in early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Authors: R. Hilhorst, E. Schaake, R. van Pel, P. Nederlof, L. Houkes, R. de Wijn, R. Ruijtenbeek, M. van den Heuvel, P. Baas, H. M. Klomp
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

10566 Background: It has been well established that subcategories of NSCLC patients may benefit from epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), notably those with cancers that harbor mutated EGFR. However, certain patients lacking such mutations might also benefit from TKI treatment. At present, there are no reliable diagnostic tests to identify this patient subset. The aim of the current study was to evaluate phosphorylation-based peptide-biomarkers to be applied for the prediction of Erlotinib response in NSCLC patients. Methods: Frozen tumor tissue was used from 14 NSCLC patients (stage IA-IIIA) who were given 3 weeks of neo-adjuvant treatment with erlotinib prior to complete surgical resection. Response evaluation to neo- adjuvant treatment was based on histopathological examination of the surgical specimens. All specimens were analyzed for EGFR and kRAS mutation status. Tissue cryosections of 6 responders (1 EFFR mutation pos) and 8 non-responders (two kRas mutation pos) were lysed in M-Per buffer supplemented with phosphatase and protease inhibitors. Kinase activity profiles of the lysates were generated in the presence and absence of Erlotinib on PamChip arrays comprising 144 tyrosine containing peptides derived from known human protein phosphorylation sites. Results: A clear kinase activity profile was obtained with the PamChip array for all samples. In the absence of Erlotinib, no differential kinase activity profile could be detected between responders and non-responders. With erlotinib present, univariate analysis identified 10 peptides that showed a significantly altered level of phosphorylation (p<0.05) between both groups. Multivariate unsupervised analysis with leave-one-out cross validation resulted in misclassification for 1 sample (responder). Conclusions: This is the first study to show that kinase activity profiles of tumor tissue exposed to a kinase inhibitor can be used to identify NSCLC patients who are likely to respond to Erlotinib treatment. A prospective study with EGFR TKIs in patients whose tumors show ex vivo inhibition by TKI's is warranted. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration PamGene International
A single institution experience with induction and maintenance intravesical docetaxel in the management of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer refractory to BCG therapy
Authors: M. C. Benson, L. Barlow, J. McKiernan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

5080 Background: Our initial phase I trial showed docetaxel to be a safe agent for intravesical therapy with no systemic absorption and minimal toxicity after 6 weekly instillations. In that trial, docetaxel appeared to show a 56% complete response (CR) but the durability was only 22% (no additional therapy) to 39% (CR with additional TURBT). Owing to this excellent initial response rate, a second group of patients were treated with a 6 week induction and then given monthly maintenance therapy with intravesical docetaxel for BCG refractory high-grade, non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Methods: 13 patients with recurrent Ta (n=1), T1 (n=6), and Tis (n=6) TCC who failed at least one prior BCG treatment were treated. Induction therapy was administered to all 13 patients as 6 weekly instillations of 75mg intravesical docetaxel followed by single-dose monthly maintenance therapy for 9 additional instillations in 9 of the patients who experienced complete initial response. Initial response at 12 weeks from the start of induction therapy was evaluated by cystoscopy with biopsy and urine cytology. Follow-up consisted of quarterly cystoscopy with biopsy and cytology and periodic CT scans. Results: The median follow-up was 14.4 months for the entire cohort. Median duration of maintenance treatment was 9 months. 10/13 patients (77%) from the entire cohort had a complete initial response after induction, and 6/13 patients (46%) have remained disease-free in follow-up. Of those who failed, 6 patients underwent TURBT and one underwent cystectomy. 9/10 initial responders completed at least 3 doses of maintenance therapy to date, of whom 6/9 (67%) have remained recurrence-free. Conclusions: Monthly maintenance therapy with intravesical docetaxel appears to extend the durability of response to induction treatment for a select group of patients with BCG refractory high risk NMIBC and may decrease overall risk of recurrence in NMIBC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Immune hemolytic anemia after renal transplantation secondary to ABO-minor-mismatch between the donor and recipient.
Authors: J R Gregoire
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1993)

A 52-yr-old man developed immune hemolytic anemia approximately 2 wk after receiving an ABO-minor-mismatch renal transplant. When a Group O organ is transplanted into a non-O recipient or a non-AB organ is transplanted into a Group AB recipient, hemolysis can occur and has been attributed to a form of graft-versus-host disease in which donor plasma cells carried along with the graft produce red blood cell antibodies. In this case, the diagnosis was confirmed when an antibody screen indicated that the organ recipient's serum agglutinated panel red blood cells of the recipient's ABO group. This type of hemolysis usually occurs 1 to 2 wk after transplantation, is limited in duration, and can be severe. If transfusion is required, blood of donor type should be used.
Characterization of Interleukin-10 Receptor Expression on B-Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells
Authors: Jesper Jurlander, Chun-Fai Lai, Jimmy Tan, Chuan-Chu Chou, Christian H. Geisler, Jeffrey Schriber, Leslie E. Blumenson, Satwant K. Narula, Heinz Baumann, Michael A. Caligiuri
Journal: Blood (1997)
Capecitabine (X) combined with fractionated cisplatin (C) as first-line therapy in Chinese patients (pts) with advanced gastric carcinoma (AGC)
Authors: M. Jin, L. Shen, B. Hu, J. Yu, Z. Wen, Y. Su, B. Wang, L. Chen, H. Ying, L. Chen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

4053 Background: Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancies in China with a mortality rate of 25.16/100,000 population. Combination of 5-FU and fractionated C is a standard treatment for AGC in China. In a Korean study by Kim et al., X + C produced a response rate of 55% in pts with previously untreated AGC. Therefore, we evaluated the activity and safety of the combination of X and C in Chinese pts with AGC. Methods: 154 pts were enrolled between Jun 2002 and Aug 2004. All had measurable AGC (WHO), Karnofsky performance status ≥60, adequate bone marrow, renal and hepatic functions. Prior radiotherapy or adjuvant chemotherapy was permitted. Pts received X 1000mg/m2 orally bid on days 1–14 + C 20mg/m2/day i.v. on days 1–5, every 3 weeks for 6 cycles. Results: 141 pts are evaluable. The remaining 13 pts are not evaluable because they are still receiving treatment. Baseline characteristics: 104 men and 37 women; median age 54 years (range 23–80). Main sites of metastases were: lymph nodes 45%, liver 40%, stomach 18%, skin 6%, lung 5%, abdomen 4%, other 6%. The median treatment duration is currently 6 cycles (range 3–6). Efficacy findings are shown in the table. Median progression-free and overall survival have not yet been reached. The most common treatment-related adverse events (grade 1/2) were: hand-foot syndrome (HFS) 23%, leucopenia 13%, and SGOT abnormality 12%. The most common grade 3 adverse event were SGPT abnormality 3%, HFS 2%, and anemia 2%. There were no grade 4 adverse events. Most grade 3 adverse events improved or resolved after treatment or interruption except in 1 pt with anemia who withdrew after 2 cycles. Conclusions: X combined with fractionated C is highly active and very well tolerated as first-line treatment for AGC, with comparable results to 5-FU + C. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor genetic polymorphism (rs6265) is protective against chemotherapy-associated cognitive impairment in patients with early-stage breast cancer
Authors: Terence Ng, Shu Mei Teo, Hui Ling Yeo, Maung Shwe, Yan Xiang Gan, Yin Ting Cheung, Koon Mian Foo, Mooi Tai Cham, Jung Ah Lee, Yee Pin Tan, Gilbert Fan, Wei Sean Yong, Madhukumar Preetha, Wei-Jen Kiley Loh, Si-Lin Koo, Amit Jain, Guek Eng Lee, Mabel Wong, Rebecca Dent, Yoon Sim Yap, Raymond Ng, Chiea Chuen Khor, Han Kiat Ho, Alexandre Chan
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a neurotrophin that regulates neuronal function and development, is implicated in several neurodegenerative conditions. Preliminary data suggest that a reduction of BDNF concentrations may lead to postchemotherapy cognitive impairment. We hypothesized that a single nucleotide polymorphism (rs6265) of the BDNF gene may predispose patients to cognitive impairment. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of BDNF gene polymorphism on chemotherapy-associated cognitive impairment. Overall, 145 patients receiving chemotherapy for early-stage breast cancer (mean age: 50.8 ± 8.8 y; 82.1% Chinese) were recruited. Patients' cognitive functions were assessed longitudinally using the validated Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Cognitive Function (v.3) and an objective computerized tool, Headminder. Genotyping was performed using Sanger sequencing. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and cognition after adjusting for ethnicity and clinically important covariates. Of the 145 patients, 54 (37%) reported cognitive impairment postchemotherapy. The Met/Met genotype was associated with statistically significant lower odds of developing cognitive impairment (odds ratio [OR] = 0.26; 95% CI: 0.08–0.92; P = .036). The Met carriers were less likely to experience impairment in the domains of verbal fluency (OR = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.12–0.90; P = .031) and multitasking ability (OR = 0.37; 95% CI: 0.15–0.91; P = .030) compared with the Val/Val homozygote. No associations were observed between Headminder and the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism. This is the first study to provide evidence that carriers of the BDNF Met allele are protected against chemotherapy-associated cognitive impairment. Further studies are required to validate the findings.
Fluorescent antibody tagging of colon cancer in the nude mouse; a model for improved surgical accuracy in the oncologic patient
Authors: G. A. Luiken, M. Xu, M. M. Quigley, R. M. Hoffman, A. D. Chan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

13501 Background: Induced fluorescence of malignant tumors has the potential to improve the surgeon’s ability to accurately identify and excise all malignant tissue. Tumors can be made fluorescent using fluorophore-tagged anti-tumor antigen antiboies. We present here our results using a human colon cancer cell line in the nude mouse model. Methods: HCT 116 colon cancer cells were subcutaneously or orthotopically implanted in 16 nude mice (12 study mice and 4 control mice). Two to 8 weeks after injection, tumor nodules were easily detectable. Using the tail vein method, all mice were injected with fluorophore-tagged anti-CEA or fluorophore-tagged IgG. Mice were examined using a small animal imaging system with a 470 nm light source and appropriate filters. They were also examined using a simple blue LED flashlight fitted with a fixed 470 nm band pass filter for illumination and were observed through filtered goggles. Results: All tumor nodules in the study mice demonstrated green fluorescence when visualized through the skin. On dissection and exposure of the tumor nodules, this fluorescence was intense and clearly distinguishable from the surrounding normal tissue using either the imaging system or the blue LED. Very small (&lt;0.5mm) metastatic nodules were easily identified. Bright tumor fluorescence remained visible up to 5 days after injection. Control mice injected with fluorophore-tagged IgG and examined in a similar manner revealed no tumor fluorescence. Minimal non-specific dull fluorescence was occasionally observed in gut mucosa and ovarian tissue but was easily distinguished from the bright tumor fluorescence. Conclusions: When tumor surface antigens are known and antibodies to those antigens are available, this technology is simple, easy to perform, requires no technically complex equipment or operator expertise and could be readily adapted for cancer surgery in the academic or community hospital setting. Major indications for this technology would be in those patients where tumor resection offers an excellent chance for cure or significantly improves survival. The implications for increased accuracy of procedures such as resection of primary colorectal cancer or resection of solitary hepatic or pulmonary metastases are clear. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Diagnosing and treating chesty infants
Authors: D. Cochran
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Recurrent cough and wheeze in infancy are common problems in general practice and paediatric outpatient clinics. Population based research indicates that only a minority of such infants have asthma. 1 2 For example, data from the 1970 British cohort study showed that only 23% of infants who had had four or more attacks of wheezing in the first year of life had evidence of asthma at the age of 10. Studies over the past decade have provided a better understanding of the factors that lead to these symptoms in infants who have asthma and those who do not, at least in parts of the world with a Western lifestyle.

The intrathoracic airways of infants are vulnerable to obstruction because of their narrow calibre, and those infants who are born with the narrowest airways seem to be prone to lower respiratory tract illness during viral infections.3 The airways of most infants with recurrent wheeze are not characterised by the bronchial hyperresponsiveness4 typical …
Beyond the Development of Quality-of-Life Instruments: Where Do We Go From Here?
Authors: Mark N. Levine, Patricia A. Ganz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

Article Tools EDITORIALS Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2002.20.9.2215 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 11980989 Beyond the Development of Quality-of-Life Instruments: Where Do We Go From Here? Mark N. LevinexMark N. LevineSearch for articles by this author Patricia A. GanzxPatricia A. GanzSearch for articles by this author Show More Henderson Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, CanadaJonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2002.20.9.2215 Full Text PDF Figures and Tables "Beyond the Development of Quality-of-Life Instruments: Where Do We Go From Here?." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 20(9), pp. 2215–2216© 2002 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
PTH-152 Heller’s myotomy and pneumatic dilatation in the treatment of achalasia: a population-based case-control study assessing long-term quality of life
Authors: RT Gray, HG Coleman, KW Lau, C McCaughey, PV Coyle, LJ Murray, BT Johnston
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Health-related quality of life (HRQL) is an important outcome measure in the treatment of achalasia yet long-term HRQL outcomes have not been widely reported. The aims of this study were to examine long-term disease-specific and general HRQL in achalasia patients using a population-based case-control method, and to assess HRQL between treatment interventions. <h3>Method</h3> Manometrically diagnosed achalasia cases (n = 120) were identified and matched with controls (n = 115) using a population-based approach. Study participants completed validated general (SF-12) and disease-specific (Achalasia Severity Questionnaire [ASQ]) HRQL questionnaires, as appropriate, as part of a structured interview. Mean composite scores for SF-12 (mental component summary [MCS-12] and physical component summary [PCS-12]) and ASQ were generated and compared between cases and controls, or intervention groups, using an independent<i>t</i>-test. Age- and sex-adjusted mean differences in HRQL scores were also evaluated using a linear regression model. <h3>Results</h3> Achalasia cases were treated with a Heller’s myotomy (overall n = 43, laparoscopic n = 21), pneumatic dilatation (n = 44), or both modalities (n = 33). The median time from last treatment to HRQL assessment was 5.7 years (IQR 2.4–11.5). Comparing achalasia patients with controls, PCS-12 was significantly worse (40.9 <i>vs</i>. 44.2, P = 0.01) but MCS-12 was similar. However, both PCS-12 (39.9 <i>vs</i>. 44.2, P = 0.03) and MCS-12 (46.7 <i>vs</i>. 53.5, P = 0.004) were significantly impaired in those requiring dual treatment. Overall, there was no difference in adjusted HRQL measures between patients treated with Heller’s myotomy and/or pneumatic dilatation. However, in the subgroup of patients undergoing laparoscopic Heller’s myotomy, general HRQL scores were similar to the population controls. ASQ was also significantly better in the laparoscopic group compared to pneumatic dilatation (adjusted mean difference 12.2, [95% CI 1.8, 22.7]). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Despite treatment, achalasia patients have significantly worse long-term physical HRQL compared to population controls. Poor HRQL is most pronounced in patients requiring dual treatment where mental and physical HRQL are significantly impaired. Overall, no long-term HRQL differences were observed between the treatment modalities. However, laparoscopic Heller’s myotomy may confer a benefit and further studies with long-term follow-up are warranted. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Prognostic importance of p15INK4B and p16INK4 gene inactivation in childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia.
Authors: M Heyman, O Rasool, L Borgonovo Brandter, Y Liu, D Grandér, S Söderhäll, G Gustavsson, S Einhorn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1996)

The present study explores the prognostic importance of p16INK4/p15INK4B gene inactivation in childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL).Cells from 79 pediatric ALL patients were investigated for inactivation of the p15INK4B and p16INK4 genes or loss of heterozygosity (LOH) for chromosome 9p markers by use of Southern hybridization, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis, microsatellite analysis as well as single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis, and nucleotide sequencing of the p15INK4B and p16INK4 genes. Genetic data were correlated to clinical outcome and established prognostic factors.Inactivation of the p15INK4B and/or p16INK4 genes by homozygous deletion or loss of one allele and mutation of the other was detected in 24 cases (30%). Another 12 patients (15%) showed loss of one allele. A statistically significant correlation was found between inactivation of the p15INK4B/p16INK4 genes and poor prognosis (P < .01). Furthermore, inactivation proved to be an independent factor that predicted relapse, ranking second to WBC count. The trend toward overrepresentation of treatment failure was strongest in the high-risk (HR) group patients with p16INK4/p15INK4B gene inactivation. Patients with deletion of genetic material on 9p21 and normal coding sequence of the remaining p16INK4 and p15INK4B genes had a similar prognosis to that of nondeleted cases.The data suggest that analysis of p15INK4B/p16INK4 genes may contribute prognostic information in pediatric ALL.