tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Radiology residents' attitudes towards breast imaging and future work plans
Authors: S. S. Baxi, J. G. Snow, D. Schrag, L. Liberman, E. B. Elkin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

6557 Background: Mammography is a central component of breast cancer screening, diagnosis, staging and post-treatment surveillance. There is a perceived dearth of radiology residents interested in breast imaging. Our objective was to assess the experiences and preferences of radiology residents with respect to breast imaging and future work plans. Methods: We distributed a self-administered, paper-based survey to radiology residents at all levels of training at 12 programs in New York State. Survey topics included plans for subspecialty training and beliefs and attitudes towards breast imaging and breast cancer screening. Residents were asked to participate regardless of time spent dedicated to breast imaging to assess the relationship between training experiences and perspectives on mammography and the likelihood of practicing in this area in the future. Results: Of the 268 residents currently training in the participating programs, 185 completed the survey (response rate 69%). Most respondents (91%) recognized that mammography is very important to women's health. At the time of the survey, the length of time spent training in breast imaging varied from no dedicated time (36%) to 1–8 weeks (43%) to more than 9 weeks (21%). More than 85% of residents believed that mammography should be interpreted by radiologists specializing in breast imaging. Factors dissuading residents from interpreting mammography included a high risk of malpractice (86%), stress associated with the field (80%), low reimbursement (68%), and a lack of interest in the field (16%). Appealing factors identified about mammography were a flexible work schedule (91%), few calls or emergencies (80%), and good job availability (92%). The vast majority of radiology residents (95%) said that they were likely to pursue subspecialty training following residency, but only 6% expressed interest in a breast imaging fellowship. Conclusions: We propose a systematic assessment of projected manpower needs in radiology and strategies to ensure that careers dedicated to breast imaging are attractive to trainees. These initiatives are necessary first steps to ensure that the supply of breast imagers is adequate to meet needs required to optimize public health. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Immature vessel percentage (IVP) as a potential predictive factor for anti-angiogenic therapeutics
Authors: A. A. Eid, L. Hennings, K. Caradine, A. Hodges, A. M. Safar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

21137 Background: As opposed to mature blood vessels, the early sprouts (lacking the pericyte coverage) are selectively obliterated after Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) antagonists (e.g. Bevacizumab BV). Microvessel density (MVD) has been widely used to assess tumor vasculature however; it does not give an indication of the degree of vessel maturity since it assesses endothelial cells irrespective to the pericyte coverage. With the introduction of BV for treatment of metastatic colon, lung and breast cancers, predictive markers to guide patient selection are desirable but lacking. Methods: To assess the maturity of tumor vascular beds we used double-labeling immunohistochemistry to colocalize endothelial cells (CD31+) and pericytes (aSMA+) in archived material from colorectal liver metastasis (n=13). None of these subjects received BV or chemotherapy prior to sampling. To represent various regions within a section, counts were performed in designated-low, and -high vascular regions. IVP, the main study endpoint, was estimated in both regions, and then averaged by two independent pathologists without particular training in angiogenesis. Results: There was a considerable degree of heterogeneity in the IVP within this group (SD 12.5, mean 26.6). However, the agreement between the 2 pathologists was relatively high with an intra-class correlation coefficient of 0.655. Conclusions: Considerable tumoral vascular heterogeneity exists in colorectal liver metastasis. IVP may predict therapeutic benefits from BV. In this era of anti-angiogenic therapy and in view of the toxicity and the financial burden of these agents, better patient selection using biologically relevant techniques such as the one described here need to be considered. IVP is a candidate tool with multiple advantages; it utilizes abundantly available material (subject to reconfirmation or testing in different settings), does not require particular training and appears reproducible. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Conjunctival Provocation Test in Daily Practice: Four Ocular Symptoms Vs Ocular Pruritus Score System
Authors: Carmen Rondon, Paloma Campo, Esther Barrionuevo, Ana Prieto del Prado, Gador Bogas, Arturo Ruiz, Maria Auxiliadora Guerrero, Leticia Herrero, Pedro A. Galindo, Diana Perez-Alzate, Miguel Blanca
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Epithelial Mucins in Lesions of the Human Breast
Authors: S. S. Spicer, M.D., R. D. Neubecker, M.D., L. Warren, M.D., J. G. Henson, M.S.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1962)

Acid and neutral mucopolysaccharides are present in luminal secretions of benign human breast lesions including fibroadenoma, fibrocystic mastopathy, and sclerosing adenosis. Such material bas been demonstrated also in the intraepithelial, extracellular, or luminal secretion of infiltrating duct carcinomas. In a chronological series of infiltrating carcinomas examined for mucin, 95 percent revealed such secretion in the primary lesion. The available metastases contained similar secretion. The histochemical properties of the acid mucopolysaccharides in these lesions and in colloid carcinomas are those of enzymatically digestible sialomucin.
Contractility and Tension Development of the Myopathic Hamster (BIO 14{middle dot}6) Heart
Authors: A. J. Brink, A. Lochner
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1969)

Journal Article Contractility and Tension Development of the Myopathic Hamster (BIO 14·6) Heart Get access A. J. Brink, A. J. Brink From the Department of Medicine and M.R.C. Degenerative Diseases Group, University of Stellenbosch Medical School, Bellville, Republic of South Africa Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. Lochner, A. Lochner From the Department of Medicine and M.R.C. Degenerative Diseases Group, University of Stellenbosch Medical School, Bellville, Republic of South Africa Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar with the technical assistance of J. C. N. Kotzé with the technical assistance of J. C. N. Kotzé Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 3, Issue 4, October 1969, Pages 453–458, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/3.4.453 Published: 01 October 1969 Article history Received: 10 September 1968 Published: 01 October 1969
WALT trial (Phase I-II): Weekly non-pegylated liposomal anthracycline and taxane combination in first-line breast cancer chemotherapy
Authors: M. S. Rosati, C. Raimondi, S. Quadrini, R. De Sanctis, L. Stumbo, B. Gori, E. Del Signore, M. P. Poleggi, M. Di Seri
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

1097 Background: Weekly administration of proved efficacy agents, through different pharmacodynamic-kinetic interactions, overcomes resistance with lower toxicities and greater benefits and preservation of quality of life. Based on this assumption we designed wALT (weekly liposomal-anthracycline and taxane) trial. Methods: Patients (pts) with previously untreated metastatic breast cancer were eligible. Prior adjuvant anthracycline or taxane exposure was permitted. We designed a phase I multicenter, open lable dose-finding study to examine the safety and efficacy of weekly combination (d 1,8,15 q4w) of paclitaxel (n=28 pts) or docetaxel (n=20 pts) with non-pegylated liposomal anthracycline; a phase II trial followed and a total of 48 patients was enrolled from January 2002. All Her2(+) pts received trastuzumab after 6 cycles until progression. Primary endpoint of phase I study was dose limiting toxicity (DLT) and safety assessment; phase II trial primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR) while secondary endpoints were time to progression (TTP) and 2-years survival (2yOS). Patients characteristics were as follows: median age 56 years old (range 45–65), n=31 were PS 0, n=40 ER (+), n=29 (Her2+), n=32 had ≥ 2 metastases sites, n=29 showed liver and n=34 bone metastases. Results: DLT was 50 mg/m2 for paclitaxel or 30 mg/m2 docetaxel combined with 25 mg/m2 of non-pegylated liposomal anthracycline. We recorded 5.4 median cycle/pt. The 12.5% and 60.41% pts achieved complete and partial response respectively with a clinical benefit of 85.41%. Median TTP was 10.68 months and median 2y OS was 21.60 (65.6% pts). No survival differences were recorded between groups (paclitaxel vs docetaxel). WHO G3–4 toxicities included neutropenia (68.75%) and complete alopecia (60.41%). Mucositis (12.53% vs 8.3%), onycholysis (22.91% vs 10.41%) and peripheral sensory neuropathy (25% vs 14.58%) were significantly higher for docetaxel than paclitaxel. A total of 29.3% pts showed left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) reduction but none > 10% with recover after treatment completion. Conclusions: Weekly administration of taxane and non-pegylated liposomal anthracycline is well tolerated and clinical benefit data encourage a phase III study design. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Faecal immunochemical tests versus guaiac faecal occult blood tests: what clinicians and colorectal cancer screening programme organisers need to know
Authors: Jill Tinmouth, Iris Lansdorp-Vogelaar, James E Allison
Journal: Gut (2015)

Although colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common cause of cancer-related death, it is fortunately amenable to screening with faecal tests for occult blood and endoscopic tests. Despite the evidence for the efficacy of guaiac-based faecal occult blood tests (gFOBT), they have not been popular with primary care providers in many jurisdictions, in part because of poor sensitivity for advanced colorectal neoplasms (advanced adenomas and CRC). In order to address this issue, high sensitivity gFOBT have been recommended, however, these tests are limited by a reduction in specificity compared with the traditional gFOBT. Where colonoscopy is available, some providers have opted to recommend screening colonoscopy to their patients instead of faecal testing, as they believe it to be a better test. Newer methods for detecting occult human blood in faeces have been developed. These tests, called faecal immunochemical tests (FIT), are immunoassays specific for human haemoglobin. FIT hold considerable promise over the traditional guaiac methods including improved analytical and clinical sensitivity for CRC, better detection of advanced adenomas, and greater screenee participation. In addition, the quantitative FIT are more flexible than gFOBT as a numerical result is reported, allowing customisation of the positivity threshold. When compared with endoscopy, FIT are less sensitive for the detection of advanced colorectal neoplasms when only one time testing is applied to a screening population; however, this is offset by improved participation in a programme of annual or biennial screens and a better safety profile. This review will describe how gFOBT and FIT work and will present the evidence that supports the use of FIT over gFOBT, including the cost-effectiveness of FIT relative to gFOBT. Finally, specific issues related to FIT implementation will be discussed, particularly with respect to organised CRC screening programmes.
Gender differences in the predictive power of prognostic factors in NSCLC
Authors: K. Danenberg, J. Brabender, S. Schneider, P. Schneider, R. Metzger, P. V. Danenberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

7008 Background. In this study, we performed quantitative analysis of the gene expressions of a number of candidate prognostic factors in NSCLC and evaluated each gene expression as a prognostic factor in male and female patients (pts). Materials and Methods. Expression levels of 38 candidate prognostic genes were determined by quantitative real time RT-PCR (Taqman®) in 91 tumor tissues from pts with curatively resected NSCLC stage I to IIIa. This group included 21 female pts. All tumors were R0 resected. Pts with stage IIIa received adjuvant radiotherapy. Statistical methods were used to find gene expression cut-off values that separated pts into groups with different survival. Results.Overall median survival (MS) was was not significantly different for males and females (51 vs 44 months, respectively). Females had significantly higher median expression of Bax, Her2, COX-1, RARa, RXRb and RXRg than males, whereas median EGFR was higher among males than females. Gene expressions of Her2, ERCC1, RXRb were female-specific prognostic factors. For female pts with high Her2 expression (>13) MS was not reached, but for low Her2 (<13), MS was 26 months (p=0.006). High ERCC1 (> 12) gave MS of 60 months, but 29 months for low ERCC1 (<13) (p=0.026). For high RXRb (>9) MS was 59 months but 20 months for LOW RXRb (< 9) (p=0.019). Differential survival of males was not significantly predicted by these gene expressions. However, high COX-2 expression (>1) significantly predicted for shorter survival in males (p=0.028) but not in females and low ODC (<11) was a significant predictor of shorter survival in males (p=0.008) but not in females. Conclusion. Our data show that prognostic factors can be strongly gender-specific and that a marker that is not useful for one sex can be highly predictive in the other. Pt groups should be separated by genders to derive maximal benefit from prognostic factors. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Response Genetics, Inc. Response Genetics, Inc. Response Genetics, Inc.
Characteristics and treatment of adult-onset linear morphea: A retrospective cohort study of 61 patients at 3 tertiary care centers
Authors: Daniel R. Mazori, Natalie A. Wright, Mital Patel, Stephanie W. Liu, Sarika M. Ramachandran, Andrew G. Franks, Ruth Ann Vleugels, Alisa N. Femia
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2016)
High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in a multi-ethnic cohort of premenopausal breast cancer patients
Authors: K. D. Crew, E. Shane, S. Cremers, D. J. McMahon, D. Irani, A. Sierra, D. L. Hershman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

9583 Background: Vitamin D deficiency (VitDdef) is common in the general population and has been associated with breast cancer (BC) risk. Low dietary intake, lack of sunlight exposure, and factors such as age, race, and obesity contribute to VitDdef. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of VitDdef, as measured by serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), in premenopausal women at initial diagnosis of BC and after one year of vitamin D supplementation. Methods: The study included 103 premenopausal women from the northeastern US with invasive BC, median age 43 (27–54); median BMI 25 mg/kg2 (18–44); White/Hispanic/Black/Asian: 53/35/12/3. All received adjuvant chemotherapy and participated in a one-year bisphosphonate (BP) intervention trial during which they also received cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) 400 IU daily (the recommended dietary allowance or RDA). At baseline, 6 and 12 months, bone mineral density (BMD) measurements were obtained at the lumbar spine, femoral neck and total hip and blood was collected and analyzed in batches for serum 25OHD (Diasorin RIA) and other hormones (PTH, LH, FSH, estradiol). Vitamin D insufficiency was defined as 25OHD 20–30 ng/ml, deficiency 12–19 ng/ml, and severe deficiency<12 ng/ml. Information was collected on demographic, clinical and tumor characteristics. Results: At baseline, over 84% of women VitDdef (median 25OHD=15.2 ng/ml); VitDdef was less common in white women (White/Hispanic/Black: 78%/91%/90%). After vitamin D supplementation for one year, <10% of Whites and Hispanics and no Blacks achieved sufficient serum 25OHD levels (>30 ng/ml). Vitamin D levels did not correlate with baseline, 6 month or 12 month BMD, nor were they related to change in BMD from baseline in the placebo group. Chemotherapy did not significantly alter serum 25OHD. Levels of vitamin D will be correlated with serum hormone metabolites. Conclusions: VitDdef is highly prevalent in women with BC, particularly among blacks and Hispanics. The current RDA of vitamin D is too low to raise serum 25OHD above 30 ng/ml. VitDdef can increase the risk of hypocalcemia during bisphosphonate treatment. As vitamin D is essential for bone health and may be associated with BC risk, serum 25OHD levels should be measured and adequately supplemented in women with BC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Age-related cognitive function and cerebral plasticity in miceafter chemotherapy: Important role of drug adjuvants.
Authors: M. Dubois, V. Roy, V. Villier, P. Gandolfo, F. Joly, P. Hilber, H. Castel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e11082 Background: Evidence is emerging that cancer and treatments can induce cognitive impairments such as deficits of visual and spatial memories, and of psychomotor processing speed, now referred to as chemofog of chemobrain. Thus, the objective of the current project is to explore the direct impact of chemotherapy on cognitive disorders among elderly patients with treatment for a breast or colon cancer by means of animal mice models. Methods: We investigated long-term behavioral effects of a chronic administration of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or a combination of 5-FU/oxaliplatin in young and aged mice. Results: 5-FU alone or in combination with oxaliplatin, neither altered anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors, nor spatial learning and memory performances, in young or aged mice. However, compared to saline, the 5-FU-treated mice were impaired in the cognitive flexibility-dependant task in the Morris water-maze test, and exhibited a more pronounced preference for the novel object in the object recognition test, suggesting a hyper-reactivity to novelty. Coadministration of glucose with 5-FU alone or in combination with oxaliplatin, protected animals against chemotherapy-evoked cognitive function impairments. In order to assess the direct neurotoxic role of chemotherapy on cell brain plasticity, neural stem cell (NSC) culture were incubated with increasing concentrations of 5-FU and oxaliplatin, in the absence or presence of glucose or insulin. Preliminary data showed that chemotherapy provoked a dose-dependent decrease of NSC survival, and that insulin counteracted this negative effect. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that 5-FU-treated animals are impaired in term of behavioral flexibility whatever the age, as a consequence of substantially reduced number of adult generated hippocampal neurons. The neuroprotective role of blood glucose or glucose-induced insulin levels opens new clinical perspectives in the modality of chemotherapy administration. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 17333: Novel Evidence of the Coronary Microvascular Steal Phenomenon in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy - A Quantitative Stress Perfusion Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Study
Authors: Tevfik F Ismail, Li-Yueh Hsu, Anders Greve, Carla Goncalves, Benjamin Hewins, Pedro Ferreira, Andrew Jabbour, Ankur Gulati, Ricardo Wage, Peter Gatehouse, David Firmin, Dudley Pennell, Andrew Arai, Sanjay Prasad
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is associated with microvascular ischemia. Mechanisms include reduced coronary arteriolar density and intima-medial thickening, particularly in the end...
Nuclear expression of CXCR4 is an independent prognostic factor for overall and progression-free survival in malignant pleural mesothelioma
Authors: M. Erman, D. Planchard, J.-P. Spano, M. Lassalle, L. Morat, R. Caliandro, P. Validire, D. Grunenwald, P. Ruffie, J.-C. Soria
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

7196 Background: CXCR4 is a chemokine receptor which takes part in diverse events like the migration of lymphocytes to sites of inflammation, internalization of the HIV particle by lymphocytes, and homing of metastasizing tumor cells. Recent studies suggest that nuclear -rather than membranous or cytoplasmic- expression of CXCR4 may signify a different function. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of nuclear CXCR4 expression in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). Methods: The records of 66 MPM patients were reviewed and CXCR4 expression of their tumors were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Prognostic significance of this marker was evaluated using Log rank test and a Cox proportional hazards model. Results: The mean age of patients was 61±10 years (min: 41, max: 85). Fifty-one patients were males (77%), and 15 were females (23%). The median percentage of cells expressing nuclear CXCR4 was 5.1% (min-max: 0–95), and this was used as the cut-off to define CXCR4-positive and negative tumors. Patients whose tumor expressed nuclear CXCR4 had a median overall survival (OS) of 20.9 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 11.8–30.0) while those with negative tumors had an OS of 11.9 mths (95% CI: 11.3–12.5; p=0.03). Similarly, median progression-free survival (PFS) was 13.6 mths (95% CI: 9.2–18.0) and 7.4 mths (95% CI: 4.6–10.3) for CXCR4-positive and negative cases, respectively (p=0.02). A multivariate model including other possible prognostic factors like age, sex, stage and histological subtype showed that nuclear CXCR4 expression is an independent prognostic factor, both for OS and PFS (p=0.01 and p=0.005, respectively). Conclusions: Nuclear expression of CXCR4 is associated with better OS and PFS in patients with MPM. The mechanisms underlying the favorable impact of the aberrant localization of this molecule merits further investigation. No significant financial relationships to disclose.