tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AMA Members Now Can Get Cancer Data PDQ
Authors: M. E. Newman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Journal Article AMA Members Now Can Get Cancer Data PDQ Get access Michael E. Newman Michael E. Newman Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 81, Issue 14, 19 July 1989, Pages 1058–1059, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/81.14.1058 Published: 19 July 1989
Identification of New Renal Scarring in Repeated Episodes of Acute Pyelonephritis Using Tc-99m DMSA Renal SPECT
Authors: T C Yen, K Y Tzen, W Y Lin, W P Chen, C Y Lin
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1998)

Purpose: This prospective study compared the value of Tc-99m DMSA renal planar scintigraphy with SPECT to detect new renal involvement in patients with repeated episodes of acute pyelonephritis (APN). Materials and Methods: Children with suspected APN were transferred to our department for DMSA renal scans. Seventy-two children (ages 1 week to 15 years) had DMSA planar and SPECT imaging performed twice because of clinical or laboratory suspicion of repeated APN. In addition, radiographic voiding cystourethrography was also performed in all cases. The presence of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) was graded on a scale of 0 to 5. Results: New lesions were observed with SPECT in 56 kidneys and with planar scintigraphy in 38 kidneys. No patients had a negative result of Tc-99m DMSA renal SPECT who also had a positive Tc-99m DMSA planar result. The degree of VUR as related to APN was diagnosed better with SPECT than with planar scintigraphy (46 compared with 30 and 10 compared with 8, respectively). There is a significant difference (P < 0.05) between the diagnostic ability of these two methods to identify the increased tendency of repeated APN to occur with high-grade VUR compared with low-grade or no VUR. Conclusions: High-grade VUR is more commonly associated with renal injury than is low-grade or no VUR. If only Tc-99m DMSA renal planar scintigraphy is per-formed, renal scarring may be underestimated. Our results suggest that Tc-99m DMSA renal SPECT, rather than planar scintigraphy, should be used routinely in children with a clinical suspicion of APN, especially for those with scarred kidneys and high-grade VUR.
P376 LOSS OF KERATIN 19 PREDISPOSES TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHOLESTATIC LIVER DISEASE VIA IMPAIRED OVAL CELL ACTIVATION
Authors: Y. Chen, N. Güldiken, M. Spurny, J. Haybäck, M. Pollheimer, P. Fickert, N. Gassler, M.K. Jeon, C. Trautwein, P. Strnad
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Uptake of In-111 Octreotide in the Retrobulbar Space in a Patient with Thyroid Ophthalmopathy
Authors: PAULO S. DUARTE, FLAVIA ALDIGHIERI, M. Sc. RUI M. B. MACIEL, CLAUDIO KATER, LUIZ R. F. MARTINS, GILBERTO ALONSO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

A 55-year-old woman with Graves’ disease had progressive thyroid ophthalmopathy despite normal levels of thyroid hormones and thyroid-stimulating hormone. Her history included deep venous thrombosis of the left arm a few months earlier that was caused by corticosteroids. The endocrinologist planned treatment with somatostatin analogs. To assess the presence of cells with somatostatin receptors in the retrobulbar space and to predict the response to therapy, an In-111 octreotide study was performed.
EFFECT OF INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND GUIDED PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTIONS ON IN-HOSPITAL OUTCOMES
Authors: Vikas Singh, Jay Patel, Nilay Patel, Nileshkumar Patel, Shilpkumar Arora, Nish Patel, Sidakpal Panaich, Ankit Chothani, Sohilkumar Manvar, Abhishek Deshmukh, Apurva Badheka
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
A5.17 IgG4(+) B-Cell Clones Dominate the Peripheral Blood in IgG4-Associated Cholangitis
Authors: Marieke Doorenspleet, Lucas Maillette de Buy Wenniger, Paul Klarenbeek, Frank Baas, Paul-Peter Tak, Ulrich Beuers, Niek de Vries
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a novel disease entity characterised by elevated serum IgG4 levels, IgG4(+) plasmacytic infiltration and fibrosis in various organs. We hypothesised that, if elevated IgG4 titers would be caused by antigen-driven immune responses, clonally expanded, IgG4(+) B cells and plasma cells might be present in affected tissue and peripheral blood. <h3>Objectives</h3> To analyse the presence of IgG4(+) expanded B-cell clones in peripheral blood (PB) before and after successful therapy of patients with IgG4-associated cholangitis (IAC), and to compare this to healthy and disease controls using a newly developed high throughput sequencing (HTS) protocol for analysis of the B-cell receptor (BCR) repertoire. <h3>Methods</h3> In 6 IAC patients the BCR repertoire was assessed in PB before and after 4 and 8 weeks of prednisolone (median 40mg, range 20–40 mg) treatment. As controls 6 healthy controls (HC) and 6 treatment-naive disease controls with PSC and pancreaticobiliary cancer were analysed (DC). In two patients a paired duodenal papilla biopsy was obtained at baseline. After isolation of mRNA the BCR<sub>heavy</sub>-chain was amplified, including the CDR3 region, thus fingerprinting unique clones. In our HTS protocol the number of clonal reads can be used as a measure for 'dominance'; clones with a frequency of &gt;0.5% were considered dominant. <h3>Results</h3> At baseline, a mean of 15.1% of all clones was IgG(+) in IAC (similar in HC/DC). Among the IAC IgG(+) clones, the most dominant ones were IgG4(+) (mean rank: 1st in IAC versus 63th in HC (p &lt; 0.005) and 55th in DC (p &lt; 0.005)). Across all isotypes in every IAC patient IgG4(+) BCR clones were present among the 10 most dominant BCR clones which was not observed in any of the controls. The papilla contained the same dominant IgG4(+) clones that were detected in the paired blood samples. After 4 and 8 weeks of therapy, the contribution of IgG4(+) clones specifically to the BCR-repertoire was negligible (median 0.19%, IQR 0.16–0.21%), mirroring a sharp decline in serum IgG4 in conjunction with regression of clinical symptoms. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our findings indicate that IgG4(+) clones are abundantly present within the repertoire of IAC patients, in contrast to healthy or disease controls. The inflamed tissue was shown to contain the same expanded IgG4(+) clones, suggesting an antigen-driven immune response in IgG4-RD. A possible central role for IgG4(+) B cells is furthermore supported by the finding that IgG4(+) clones in peripheral blood specifically disappear upon successful corticosteroid therapy.
NI-84 * MOLECULAR CHARACTERISTICS UNDERLYING THE RADIOLOGICALLY-DEFINED VOLUMETRIC COMPOSITION OF GLIOBLASTOMA
Authors: D. Yang, S. Narang, G. Rao, J. Martinez, A. Rao
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

PURPOSE: To characterize the biological and clinical correlates of radiologically-defined tumor composition. Further, to investigate if tumor volumetric and heterogeneity features can predict up- and down-regulation of biologically relevant gene-sets. METHODS: Genetic (mRNA expression) and radiographic scans (T1,T2,T1-post Gd and FLAIR) for 45 GBM cases was extracted from TCGA (Cancer Genome Atlas) and The Cancer Imaging Archive. Volumetric segmentation of the tumor region into 4 sub-compartments(necrosis, edema, enhancing and non-enhancing regions) was performed with an automated segmentation tool. Tumor-heterogeneity characteristics were measured from segmented post-contrast T1 and T2-FLAIR images. Information about biological pathways (including inflammation-associated gene signatures) were obtained from the Broad-website (MSigDb). Pathway up- or down-regulation scores were obtained using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). Multiple-response regression was used to identify pathways associated with the volumetric composition (percentage amounts of necrosis, edema, enhancing and non-enhancing regions) of the tumor. Four-dimensional volumetric composition was used to predict survival as well as status of key inflammatory pathways via a classification approach. True-positive (TPR) and false-positive rates (FPR) were obtained using cross-validation. RESULTS: Percentage of edema, necrosis and enhancing regions in the tumor are significantly associated with mesenchymal-subtype (p-value < 0.05). Examination of the molecular correlates underlying the volumetric composition of the tumor reveals several key pathways such as nitric-oxide biosynthesis, cAMP metabolism, microenvironmental remodeling and cellular differentiation are associated with(p-value < 0.05) and likely drive tumor composition. Further, prediction of 12 month survival using volumetrics and texture features is feasible: TPR of ∼90% and FPR of ∼20%. This study also reveals that volumetric features can be used for prediction of gene-set status (immune/inflammatory gene signatures in this case); with TPR and FPR of 80% and 10% respectively. CONCLUSION: Here, we characterized the molecular correlates of the radiologically-derived volumetric composition of glioblastoma. We show that combining image-derived volumetric and tumor heterogeneity features can predict gene-set status (specifically inflammation status) and overall survival.
Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Premature Infants
Authors: Joseph A. Kitterman, L. Henry Edmunds, George A. Gregory, Michael A. Heymann, William H. Tooley, Abraham M. Rudolph
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

Abstract Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) developed in 17 of 111 premature infants (birth weight 1750 g or less) born during a four-year period (15.3 per cent incidence). During that time we treated 29 such infants, 17 born at our own institution and 12 similar infants transferred from other hospitals. Sixteen of the 29 had cardiac catheterization, 10 had operative closure of the PDA, and 24 survived. When the PDA became evident, 23 infants had no pulmonary disease, were recovering from the idiopathic respiratory-distress syndrome (IRDS) or had chronic lung disease; all survived. In six infants with severe IRDS, onset of PDA was associated with a worsening of the pulmonary status; only one survived. We recommend cardiac catheterization and operative closure of the PDA in neonates when heart failure cannot be controlled medically. The prognosis is good in infants in whom onset of PDA is not associated with progressively worsening IRDS.
Madelung’s Disease
Authors: Giuseppe Nisi, Andrea Sisti
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

A 48-year-old man presented to the clinic for evaluation of dysphagia and limited neck movements (flexion and rotation of the head).The patient was found to have Madelung's disease, also known as benign symmetric lipomatosis or the Launois-Bensaude syndrome.Madelung's disease is a rare condition that is characterized by the presence of multiple symmetric and disfiguring abnormal fat depositions in the head, neck, trunk, and nerve roots of the upper and lower limbs (Panels A and B).Patients often have coexisting illnesses, such as hepaticfunction abnormalities, polyneuropathy, diabetes, gynecomastia, hyperuricemia, and dyslipidemia.Madelung's disease is often associated with alcohol abuse, but there is a familial form linked to matrilineal inheritance.The frequent finding of radial red fibers in the muscles of patients with Madelung's disease suggests mitochondrial dysfunction with reduced activity of the enzyme cytochrome c oxidase.Treatment is palliative and consists mainly of removal of fatty tissue by surgical resection or liposuction and by injection lipolysis.The patient was treated surgically and had a good functional and aesthetic result at 1 year after surgery (Panel C).Partial recurrence after treatment is common, as occurred in this patient 3 years after surgery (Panel D).
Franz Weidenreich (1873–1948)
Authors: James J. McCort
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

THE science of anthropology has received significant contributions from many whose training has originally been in medicine. Along with Casimir Picard, Richard Owen, Davidson Black, Eugene Dubois, G. H. R. von Koenigswald, Raymond Dart and Robert Broom, Franz Weidenreich added to the knowledge of prehistoric man, his development, his community life and his position in the evolutionary scale. For the physician interested in comparative anatomy it is only a short step afield to human paleontology and physical anthropology.Born in 1873, in Edenkoben of the Palatinate, Germany, Franz Weidenreich was the youngest of four children of Carl Weidenreich, a merchant. . . .
P936 RELAXIN MODULATES RENAL VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION IN EXPERIMENTAL CIRRHOSIS: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE TREATMENT OF HEPATORENAL SYNDROME
Authors: V.K. Snowdon, P.W. Hadoke, W. Mungall, T. Kendall, J.P. Iredale, J.A. Fallowfield
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Hepatic Complications of Amebiasis
Authors: Harry Warshawsky, D. E. Nolan, William Abramson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1946)

THE purpose of this paper is to invite attention to some of the bizarre and puzzling manifestations of amebiasis that have been encountered, with special reference to hepatic complications. Pitfalls in diagnosis may be easily avoided if the possibility of amebiasis is kept in mind. It should be remembered that dysentery is an infrequent manifestation of amebiasis. Even lesions in the large intestine are not invariably found on sigmoidoscopic examination. Therefore, despite the absence of a history of dysentery, amebiasis must be considered in the differential diagnosis of many bizarre clinical syndromes.The disease is not restricted by geography or . . .
SAT0099 Contribution of disease activity, joint damage and comorbidity to impairment and disability in rheumatoid arthritis patients during 20 years:
Authors: M. Crnkic Kapetanovic, E. Lindqvist, J.-Å. Nilsson, G. Geborek, T. Saxne, K. Eberhardt
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To study the contribution of disease activity, joint damage and co-morbidity on development of impairment measured by signals of functional impairment (SOFI) and disability measured by health assessment questionnaire (HAQ) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients prospectively followed over 20 years after diagnosis. <h3>Methods</h3> 183 RA patients diagnosed between 1985 and 1989 were prospectively monitored over 20 years. Treatments followed clinical practice. There were 115 (63%) women, mean (SD) age was 52 (12) years and symptom duration before inclusion was 11 (7) months. Disease activity was measured by 44-joint DAS, joint damage by Larsen score of radiographs of hands and feet, comorbidity by Charlson Comorbidity Index (17 diagnoses each weighted by mortality risk), impairment by SOFI (a 3-parts performance based index measuring hand, arm and leg function) and disability by HAQ. Two separate multiple regression models with SOFI and HAQ as outcome variables at 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 year follow up were created (table). <h3>Results</h3> Altogether, disease activity, radiographic joint damage and comorbidity explained 22-38% (maximum at 15 yeas) of SOFI and 17-38% (maximum at 5 years) of HAQ. HAQ and SOFI correlated moderately (Spearman’s rho 0.46-0.72). For SOFI, DAS contributed between 2 and 27% with a peak at 5 years. Radiographic damage contributed increasingly (6-35%) whereas comorbidity only had low to moderate occasional contribution (0-5%) (table). For HAQ, DAS contributed at all follow up times (7-28%), with a peak at 5 years. Radiographic damage showed only a minor contribution (0-10%) with maximum at 15 years, whereas comorbidity contributed only up to 10 years (0-7%) (table). <h3>Conclusions</h3> In the long-term perspective impairment is increasingly explained by radiographic damage, whereas disability is less well explained by RA related factors over time. Comorbidity contributed only to a small extend to both impairment and disability. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Abstract 5557: BoxA and ethyl pyruvate offer novel therapeutic approaches for human malignant mesothelioma.
Authors: Sandro L. Jube, Zeyana Rivera, Maura Casalgrandi, Marco Bianchi, Harvey I. Pass, Giovanni Gaudino, Michele Carbone, Haining Yang
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Human malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an aggressive and highly lethal cancer that has been linked to asbestos and erionite exposure. MM causes about 3,000 deaths per year in the US and more than 100,000 deaths per year worldwide. We previously found that the damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) high-mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1) plays a critical role in the early carcinogenic events in MM development by inducing tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) secretion, potentiating survival of fiber-exposed primary human mesothelial cells (HM) and enabling HM malignant transformation. We recently showed that HMGB1 is upregulated in MM tumor tissues and cell lines and its levels to be significantly higher in the blood of MM patients compared to healthy individuals. Moreover, MM cells are “addicted” to HMGB1 and HMGB1 promotes proliferation, viability, motility and invasiveness of MM cells. Here we show that the use of the HMGB1 antagonists BoxA or ethyl pyruvate (EP) inhibit the motility, survival and progression of MM cells in vitro and reduce the growth of MM xenografts in SCID mice. BoxA is a fragment of HMGB1 protein that corresponds to the one of the two highly conserved DNA binding domains, and behaves as a competitive inhibitor. EP is the ethyl ester of pyruvic acid, is known to suppress oxygen radical formation, and suppresses HMGB1 secretion. Both BoxA and EP have been shown to down-regulate the activation of the proinflammatory transcription factor, NF-κB, as well as the expression of several proinflammatory proteins, such as TNF-α, IL-6, and HMGB1 itself. Taken together, our results provide a preclinical proof-of-principle that inhibition of HMGB1 activity using either BoxA or EP is sufficient to elicit therapeutic activity, offering novel therapeutic approaches for MM treatment. Citation Format: Sandro L. Jube, Zeyana Rivera, Maura Casalgrandi, Marco Bianchi, Harvey I. Pass, Giovanni Gaudino, Michele Carbone, Haining Yang. BoxA and ethyl pyruvate offer novel therapeutic approaches for human malignant mesothelioma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5557. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5557
Abstract 242: The gliogenesis initiation factor Nuclear Factor IB induces differentiation and inhibits growth of glioblastoma
Authors: Brett W. Stringer, Bryan W. Day, Guy Barry, Michael Piper, Paul R. Jamieson, Kathleen S. Ensbey, Sara Charmsaz, Andrew W. Boyd, Linda J. Richards
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Introduction: The phylogenetically-conserved vertebrate transcription factor, nuclear factor IB (NFIB), is a key component in the differentiation of astrocytes during the process of gliogenesis in the developing mammalian central nervous system; a process that goes awry following various genetic and epigenetic alterations during the genesis of glioblastoma (GBM), the commonest and most aggressive form of primary human adult brain cancer. We found expression of NFIB to be reduced in GBM compared to normal human brain tissue so investigated what effect increased expression of NFIB had on GBM. Experimental procedures: Expression of NFIB was investigated by qPCR and western blot in normal human brain tissue, primary GBM surgical specimens and GBM cells lines. The Rembrandt database was interrogated for patient survival data relative to NFIB expression. GBM cell lines were derived from patient tumor tissue, following informed consent, and cultured under serum-free conditions to help preserve the phenotype of the original tumor. GBM cell lines were transfected with HA-tagged Nfib. Glial differentiation marker expression was investigated by qPCR and western blot. Stem/progenitor cell growth was investigated by neurosphere assay and by PKH26 staining. Cell proliferation was measured by MTS assay and Ki67 staining. Cell cycle analysis was performed by PI staining and FACS analysis. Apoptosis was investigated by cleaved caspase staining. Differential gene expression induced by Nfib expression was determined by microarray analysis. In vivo tumorigenicity was investigated using subcutaneous and intracranial xenografts in NOD/SCID mice. Results: We found NFIB expression in both GBM surgical specimens and GBM cell lines to be reduced relative to normal brain tissue. Reduced NFIB expression was associated with poorer patient survival. Increased expression of Nfib in transfected GBM cell lines induced expression of glial differentiation markers, inhibited cell proliferation, reduced stem/progenitor cell growth, altered cell cycle progression, and inhibited tumor growth in murine models of GBM. Conclusion: We have identified NFIB as a novel tumor suppressor gene in human GBM. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 242. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-242
The Effect of Sulfanilamide on Salt and Water Excretion in Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: William B. Schwartz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1949)

THE importance of the sodium ion in edema is well recognized. If a specific method were available for producing selective inhibition of the renal tubular reabsorption of sodium from the glomerular filtrate, it might well prove useful in the study and treatment of edema. A possible method is suggested by the studies of Pitts and Alexander.1 Under the conditions of their experiments they demonstrated that the renal tubules must make an active addition of acid to the glomerular filtrate to account for the acidity of the urine. The only source of acid large enough to account for the acidification of . . .
Case 21-2010: Anoxic Brain Injury and a Request for Oocyte Retrieval
Authors: J. Michael Bostwick, Charles C. Coddington, Elizabeth A. Stewart
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

lower in rural areas than in urban areas, indicating that the current adjusters in the fee schedule are moving fees in the right direction.Spellberg notes that some of the geographic differences in Medicare spending are due to biologic and environmental factors that affect health care needs and that these factors were not included in our analysis.We reported that the measures of health status used in our study were an improvement over those used in previous studies, but we acknowledged they did not capture all potentially important differences.We agree with Spellberg that a more thorough analysis of geographic differences in Medicare spending could include factors related to the causes of disease.