tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Fertility Preservation During Treatment Is a Growing Issue for Women
Authors: K. Rowan
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2010)

A merican Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) guidelines recommend that oncologists refer patients of childbearing age to a reproductive endocrinologist to discuss options for preserving fertility during treatment. But two recent surveys of oncologists suggest that fewer than half of respondents routinely make this referral. Fertility preservation experts say that the referrals are now more crucial than ever because of advances in cancer research, improvements in reproductive technologies, and major social trends. “There is a perfect storm going on right now,” said Teresa Woodruff, Ph.D. , director of the Oncofertility Consortium at Northwestern University in Evanston, Ill. Patient advocacy groups have pushed to raise awareness of the importance of fertility preservation, and advances in technologies, such as ovarian transplants and the maturation of follicle cells in vitro, have met with increasing success, she said. Combined with increases in cancer survival and delayed childbearing, fertility preservation is a growing quality-of-life issue. In one survey, 47% of respondents said that they routinely refer patients to reproductive endocrinologists. Led by Gwendolyn Quinn, Ph.D., at the H. Lee Moffi tt Cancer Center in Tampa, Fla., the analysis was based on responses from 516 physicians (a 32% response rate) who work in both academic settings and private practice. Male physicians were less likely to say they routinely referred (41% vs 58%). And among oncologists whose patients often ask about the effects of cancer treatment on their fertility, 64% routinely refer patients. Among those who said their patients seldom ask about the effects of treatment on fertility, 42% said they routinely refer. “Our results surprised me; I thought that number was too high,” said Quinn, whose work was published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology in December. Making the referral can be diffi cult and requires a working relationship between the oncologist and the reproductive endocrinologist, which doesn’t always exist, even in National Cancer Institute – designated cancer centers, she said. The other survey, led by Eric Forman, M.D., a resident at Duke University Medical Center, Durham, N.C., focused on female patients. It found that 39% of oncologists surveyed routinely refer women to fertility specialists. Forman’s work included responses from 249 physicians (a 15% response rate) from the top 25 cancer hospitals as ranked by U.S. News and World Report and was published in Fertility and Sterility in November. Quinn said that her survey was modeled after earlier work on sperm banking by Leslie Schover, Ph.D., at the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center in Houston. Schover found that 91% of physicians who responded to a survey said that sperm banking should be offered to all men who may become infertile as the result of cancer treatment. But 48% of respondents either never brought up the topic or mentioned it to less than one-quarter of eligible men.
Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis as an immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome
Authors: S. Antinori, E. Longhi, G. Bestetti, R. Piolini, V. Acquaviva, A. Foschi, S. Trovati, C. Parravicini, M. Corbellino, L. Meroni
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Journal Article Post‐kala‐azar dermal leishmaniasis as an immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome Get access S. Antinori, S. Antinori Department of Clinical Sciences L Sacco, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Section, University of Milano, Via GB Grassi, 74, 20157 Milano, Italy Correspondence: Spinello Antinori. E‐mail: spinello.antinori@unimi.it Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. Longhi, E. Longhi Department of Clinical Sciences L Sacco, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Section, University of Milano, Via GB Grassi, 74, 20157 Milano, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Bestetti, G. Bestetti Department of Clinical Sciences L Sacco, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Section, University of Milano, Via GB Grassi, 74, 20157 Milano, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Piolini, R. Piolini Department of Clinical Sciences L Sacco, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Section, University of Milano, Via GB Grassi, 74, 20157 Milano, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar V. Acquaviva, V. Acquaviva Department of Clinical Sciences L Sacco, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Section, University of Milano, Via GB Grassi, 74, 20157 Milano, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Foschi, A. Foschi Department of Clinical Sciences L Sacco, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Section, University of Milano, Via GB Grassi, 74, 20157 Milano, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Trovati, S. Trovati Department of Clinical Sciences L Sacco, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Section, University of Milano, Via GB Grassi, 74, 20157 Milano, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Parravicini, C. Parravicini Department of Clinical Sciences L Sacco, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Section, University of Milano, Via GB Grassi, 74, 20157 Milano, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Corbellino, M. Corbellino Department of Clinical Sciences L Sacco, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Section, University of Milano, Via GB Grassi, 74, 20157 Milano, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. Meroni L. Meroni Department of Clinical Sciences L Sacco, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Section, University of Milano, Via GB Grassi, 74, 20157 Milano, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 157, Issue 5, 1 November 2007, Pages 1032–1036, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.08157.x Published: 01 November 2007
Recurrent astrocytoma in a child: A report of cytogenetics and TP53 gene mutation screening
Authors: A Dam, J M Fock, V M Hayes, W M Molenaar, E van den Berg
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2000)

An 8-year-old girl presented with a cerebral tumor and 3 recurrences within 15 months. The primary tumor was a low-grade astrocytoma, but the recurrences showed progressively malignant phenotypes with increasing mitotic activity and MIB-1 labeling indices. Radiotherapy was given between the first and the second recurrences. Cytogenetic analysis of the first and the second recurrences showed abnormal karyotypes. There seemed to be 2 common breakpoints in these 2 recurrences. TP53 gene mutation screening, using comprehensive denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, revealed among others a possibly causative mutation of exon 5 in 3 of 4 tumor samples. The meaning of TP53 mutations in low-grade astrocytomas is still unclear, but the highly abnormal karyotypes, which are unusual in these tumors, probably provide genetic evidence for the unexpected aggressive behavior of the tumor in this patient.
Improving tuberculosis control through public-private collaboration in India: literature review
Authors: Puneet K Dewan, S S Lal, Knut Lonnroth, Fraser Wares, Mukund Uplekar, Suvanand Sahu, Reuben Granich, Lakhbir Singh Chauhan
Journal: BMJ (2006)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b> To review the characteristics of public-private mix projects in India and their effect on case notification and treatment outcomes for tuberculosis. <b>Design</b> Literature review. <b>Data sources</b> Review of surveillance records from Indian tuberculosis programme project, evaluation reports, and medical literature for public-private mix projects in India. <b>Data extraction</b> Project characteristics, tuberculosis case notification of new patients with sputum smear results positive for acid fast bacilli, and treatment outcome. <b>Data synthesis</b> Of 24 identified public-private mix projects, data were available from 14 (58%), involving private practitioners, corporations, and non-governmental organisations. In all reviewed projects, the public sector tuberculosis programme provided training and supervision of private providers. Among the five projects with available data on historical controls, case notification rates were higher after implementation of a public-private mix project. Among seven projects involving private practitioners, 2796 of 12 147 (23%) new patients positive for acid fast bacilli were attributed to private providers. Corporate based and non-governmental organisations served as the main source for tuberculosis programme services in seven project areas, detecting 9967 new patients positive for acid fast bacilli. In nine of 12 projects with data on treatment outcomes, private providers exceeded the programme target of 85% treatment success for new patients positive for acid fast bacilli. <b>Conclusions</b> Public-private mix activities were associated with increased case notification, while maintaining acceptable treatment outcomes. Collaborations between public and private providers of health care hold considerable potential to improve tuberculosis control in India.
The Hippo Coactivator YAP1 Mediates EGFR Overexpression and Confers Chemoresistance in Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Shumei Song, Soichiro Honjo, Jiankang Jin, Shih-Shin Chang, Ailing W. Scott, Qiongrong Chen, Neda Kalhor, Arlene M. Correa, Wayne L. Hofstetter, Constance T. Albarracin, Tsung-Teh Wu, Randy L. Johnson, Mien-Chie Hung, Jaffer A. Ajani
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Purpose: Esophageal cancer is an aggressive malignancy and often resistant to therapy. Overexpression of EGFR has been associated with poor prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer. However, clinical trials using EGFR inhibitors have not provided benefit for patients with esophageal cancer. Failure of EGFR inhibition may be due to crosstalk with other oncogenic pathways. Experimental Design: In this study, expression of YAP1 and EGFR were examined in EAC-resistant tumor tissues versus sensitive tissues by IHC. Western blot analysis, immunofluorescence, real-time PCR, promoter analysis, site-directed mutagenesis, and in vitro and in vivo functional assays were performed to elucidate the YAP1-mediated EGFR expression and transcription and the relationship with chemoresistance in esophageal cancer. Results: We demonstrate that Hippo pathway coactivator YAP1 can induce EGFR expression and transcription in multiple cell systems. Both YAP1 and EGFR are overexpressed in resistant esophageal cancer tissues compared with sensitive esophageal cancer tissues. Furthermore, we found that YAP1 increases EGFR expression at the level of transcription requiring an intact TEAD-binding site in the EGFR promoter. Most importantly, exogenous induction of YAP1 induces resistance to 5-fluorouracil and docetaxcel, whereas knockdown of YAP1 sensitizes esophageal cancer cells to these cytotoxics. Verteporfin, a YAP1 inhibitor, effectively inhibits both YAP1 and EGFR expression and sensitizes cells to cytotoxics. Conclusions: Our data provide evidence that YAP1 upregulation of EGFR plays an important role in conferring therapy resistance in esophageal cancer cells. Targeting YAP1-EGFR axis may be more efficacious than targeting EGFR alone in esophageal cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 21(11); 2580–90. ©2015 AACR.
Key stages of bone marrow B-cell maturation are defective in patients with common variable immunodeficiency disorders
Authors: Consuelo Anzilotti, Anne-Kathrin Kienzler, Eduardo Lopez-Granados, Sarah Gooding, Benjamin Davies, Hemant Pandit, Mary Lucas, Andrew Price, Timothy Littlewood, Mirjam van der Burg, Smita Y. Patel, Helen Chapel
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
Improving women's experience during speculum examinations at routine gynaecological visits: randomised clinical trial
Authors: Dean A Seehusen, Dawn R Johnson, J Scott Earwood, Sankar N Sethuraman, Jamie Cornali, Kelly Gillespie, Maria Doria, Edwin Farnell, Jason Lanham
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Objectives To determine if a standardised method of leg positioning without stirrups reduces the physical discomfort and sense of vulnerability and increases the sense of control among women undergoing speculum examination as part of a routine gynaecological examination. Design Randomised clinical trial. Setting Family medicine outpatient clinic. Patients 197 adult women undergoing routine gynaecological examination and cervical smear. Intervention Examination with or without stirrups. Main outcome measures Women's perceived levels of physical discomfort, sense of vulnerability, and sense of control during the examination, measured on 100 mm visual analogue scales. Results Women undergoing examination without stirrups had a reduction in mean sense of vulnerability from 23.6 to 13.1 (95% confidence interval of the difference - 16.6 to - 4.4). Mean physical discomfort was reduced from 30.4 to 17.2 (- 19.7 to - 6.8). There was no significant reduction in sense of loss of control. Conclusion Women should be able to have gynaecological examinations without using stirrups to reduce the stress associated with speculum examinations. Trial registration US Army Central Investigation Regulatory Office. Trial No DDEAMC 05-11.
Denosumab for Prevention of Fractures in Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis
Authors: Steven R. Cummings, Javier San Martin, Michael R. McClung, Ethel S. Siris, Richard Eastell, Ian R. Reid, Pierre Delmas, Holly B. Zoog, Matt Austin, Andrea Wang, Stepan Kutilek, Silvano Adami, Jose Zanchetta, Cesar Libanati, Suresh Siddhanti, Claus Christiansen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

Denosumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody to the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL) that blocks its binding to RANK, inhibiting the development and activity of osteoclasts, decreasing bone resorption, and increasing bone density. Given its unique actions, denosumab may be useful in the treatment of osteoporosis.We enrolled 7868 women between the ages of 60 and 90 years who had a bone mineral density T score of less than -2.5 but not less than -4.0 at the lumbar spine or total hip. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either 60 mg of denosumab or placebo subcutaneously every 6 months for 36 months. The primary end point was new vertebral fracture. Secondary end points included nonvertebral and hip fractures.As compared with placebo, denosumab reduced the risk of new radiographic vertebral fracture, with a cumulative incidence of 2.3% in the denosumab group, versus 7.2% in the placebo group (risk ratio, 0.32; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.26 to 0.41; P<0.001)--a relative decrease of 68%. Denosumab reduced the risk of hip fracture, with a cumulative incidence of 0.7% in the denosumab group, versus 1.2% in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.37 to 0.97; P=0.04)--a relative decrease of 40%. Denosumab also reduced the risk of nonvertebral fracture, with a cumulative incidence of 6.5% in the denosumab group, versus 8.0% in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.95; P=0.01)--a relative decrease of 20%. There was no increase in the risk of cancer, infection, cardiovascular disease, delayed fracture healing, or hypocalcemia, and there were no cases of osteonecrosis of the jaw and no adverse reactions to the injection of denosumab.Denosumab given subcutaneously twice yearly for 36 months was associated with a reduction in the risk of vertebral, nonvertebral, and hip fractures in women with osteoporosis. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00089791.)
Therapeutic effect of β-adrenoceptor blockers using a mouse model of dilated cardiomyopathy with a troponin mutation
Authors: Dong-Yun Zhan, Sachio Morimoto, Cheng-Kun Du, Yuan-Yuan Wang, Qun-Wei Lu, Atsushi Tanaka, Tomomi Ide, Yoshikazu Miwa, Fumi Takahashi-Yanaga, Toshiyuki Sasaguri
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2009)

AimsExtensive clinical studies have demonstrated that β-adrenoceptor blocking agents (β-blockers) are beneficial in the treatment of chronic heart failure, which is due to various aetiologies, including idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and ischaemic heart disease. However, little is known about the therapeutic efficacy of β-blockers in the treatment of the inherited form of DCM, of which causative mutations have recently been identified in various genes, including those encoding cardiac sarcomeric proteins. Using a mouse model of inherited DCM with a troponin mutation, we aim to study the treatment benefits of β-blockers.
Inhibition of Histone Deacetylase Expands the Renal Progenitor Cell Population
Authors: Eric D. de Groh, Lisa M. Swanhart, Chiara Cianciolo Cosentino, Rachel L. Jackson, Weixiang Dai, Carolyn A. Kitchens, Billy W. Day, Thomas E. Smithgall, Neil A. Hukriede
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2010)

One of the first hallmarks of kidney regeneration is the reactivation of genes normally required during organogenesis. Identification of chemicals with the potential to enhance this reactivation could therapeutically promote kidney regeneration. Here, we found that 4-(phenylthio)butanoic acid (PTBA) expanded the expression domains of molecular markers of kidney organogenesis in zebrafish. PTBA exhibits structural and functional similarity to the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors 4-phenylbutanoic acid and trichostatin A; treatment with these HDAC inhibitors also expanded the renal progenitor cell population. Analyses in vitro and in vivo confirmed that PTBA functions as an inhibitor of HDAC activity. Furthermore, PTBA-mediated renal progenitor cell expansion required retinoic acid signaling. In summary, these results support a mechanistic link among renal progenitor cells, HDAC, and the retinoid pathway. Whether PTBA holds promise as a therapeutic agent to promote renal regeneration requires further study.
Bronchodilation by an inhaled VPAC2 receptor agonist in patients with stable asthma
Authors: A Linden
Journal: Thorax (2003)

One must be prudent when selecting potential saccadic targets because the eyes can only move to one location at a time, yet movements must occur quickly enough to permit interaction with a rapidly changing world. This process of efficiently acquiring relevant targets may be aided by advanced planning of a movement toward an upcoming target whose location is gathered via environmental cues or situational experience. We studied how saccadic reaction times (SRTs) and early pretarget neuronal activity covaried as a function of saccadic probability. Monkeys performed a saccadic task in which the probability of the required saccade being directed into the response field of a neuron varied systematically between blocks of trials. We recorded simultaneously the early pretarget activity of saccade-related neurons in the intermediate layers of the superior colliculus. We found that, as the likelihood of the saccade being generated into the response field of the neuron increased, the level of neuronal activity preceding target presentation also increased. Our data suggest that this early activity codes motor preparation because its activity was related to not only the metrics but also the timing of the saccade, with 94% (29/31) of the neurons tested having significant negative correlations between discharge rate and SRT. This view is supported by cases in which exceptionally high levels of pretarget activity were associated with anticipatory saccades into the response field of a neuron that occurred in advance of the target being presented. This study demonstrates how situational experience can expedite motor behavior via the advanced preparation of motor programs.
On the HUNT for cardiovascular risk factors and disease in patients with psoriatic arthritis: population-based data from the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study
Authors: Agnete Malm Gulati, Anne Grete Semb, Silvia Rollefstad, Pål R Romundstad, Arthur Kavanaugh, Sasha Gulati, Glenn Haugeberg, Mari Hoff
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

To compare the presence of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and established CV disease in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and the general population and to compare the 10-year risk of a fatal CV event calculated by the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) algorithm.Patients with PsA (n=338) and controls (n=50 468) were recruited from the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study 3. Age-adjusted and sex-adjusted prevalence rates of CV risk factors and comorbidity were calculated and the SCORE algorithm was applied.There was an increased prevalence of angina pectoris (5.0% vs 3.6%, p=0.01), history of percutaneous coronary intervention (2.4% vs 1.4%, p=0.04), hypertension (45.3% vs 39.3%, p=0.01), obesity (32.0% vs 22.4%) and tobacco smoking (21.3% vs 16.4%, p=0.02) in patients with PsA compared with controls. Patients with PsA had elevated levels of C reactive protein (CRP; p<0.001), body mass index (BMI; p<0.001) and triglycerides (p=0.01). The median calculated CV risk in patients with PsA was low and comparable with controls (0.87 vs 0.83, p=0.24). The distribution across CV risk classes was similar among patients with PsA and controls.Patients with PsA have a higher risk of CV disease than the background population, although there was no difference between groups in 10-year risk of a fatal CV event estimated by SCORE. However, patients with PsA had elevated levels of CV risk factors not included in the SCORE algorithm, such as BMI, triglycerides and CRP.
Morphologic Studies of a Cytomegalovirus Isolated From an Owl Monkey
Authors: Chopra, Harish C., Lloyd, Bolivar J., Ablashi, Dharam V., Armstrong, Gary R.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1972)

Journal Article Morphologic Studies of a Cytomegalovirus Isolated From an Owl Monkey Get access Harish C. Chopra, Harish C. Chopra Viral Biology Branch and Viral Leukemia and Lymphoma Branch, National Cancer Institute,4Bethesda, Maryland 20014 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Bolivar J. Lloyd, Jr., Bolivar J. Lloyd, Jr. Viral Biology Branch and Viral Leukemia and Lymphoma Branch, National Cancer Institute,4Bethesda, Maryland 20014 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Dharam V. Ablashi, Dharam V. Ablashi Viral Biology Branch and Viral Leukemia and Lymphoma Branch, National Cancer Institute,4Bethesda, Maryland 20014 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Gary R. Armstrong Gary R. Armstrong Viral Biology Branch and Viral Leukemia and Lymphoma Branch, National Cancer Institute,4Bethesda, Maryland 20014 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 48, Issue 5, May 1972, Pages 1333–1340, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/48.5.1333 Published: 01 May 1972 Article history Received: 14 September 1971 Accepted: 10 January 1972 Published: 01 May 1972