tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Endoluminal Stent–Grafts for Infrarenal Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
Authors: Ulrich Blum, Götz Voshage, Johannes Lammer, Friedhelm Beyersdorf, Dierck Töllner, Georg Kretschmer, Gerhard Spillner, Peter Polterauer, Gudrun Nagel, Thomas Hölzenbein, Siegfried Thurnher, Mathias Langer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

The treatment of aortic aneurysms with endovascular stents or stent–graft prostheses is receiving increasing attention as an alternative to major abdominal surgery. To define the clinical value of this technique, we prospectively studied the use of stent–graft endoprostheses made of nitinol and covered with polyester fabric for the treatment of infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms.
Effect of Kimmelstiel–Wilson Syndrome on Insulin Requirements in Diabetes
Authors: John W. Runyan, David Hurwitz, Stanley L. Robbins
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

ALESION of the renal glomeruli associated clinically with diabetes, albuminuria, hypertension and edema of the nephrotic type was described by Kimmelstiel and Wilson1 in 1936. The clinical features of the syndrome have been well defined.2 , 3 Pathologically, the "nodular" glomerular lesion is generally accepted as specific.2 The pathogenesis of this disease is poorly understood. Rich, Berthrong and Bennett4 described renal lesions resembling those of intercapillary glomerulosclerosis in rabbits given intramuscular injections of cortisone. Friedenwald5 presented clinical and experimental evidence that relative adrenal hyperfunction with possible associated vitamin B12 deficiency is causally related to the development of both glomerular and retinal . . .
SP0101 Pediatric Rheumatology in South America
Authors: R. Russo
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3></h3> Pediatric Rheumatology is a young but rapidly growing specialty in South America. It is well established in several countries: there are about 180 pediatric rheumatologists (PRs) working full- or part-time in the field, usually based in large, tertiary hospitals. This workforce capacity allows a patient-to-PR ratIo close to 2,800:1. There are several dedicated academic programs currently running in major cities and opportunities for training in the specialty have grown considerably in the last few years: more than 10 academic programs are currently active in 5 countries Pediatric Rheumatology is a board-recognized specialty in at least 2 countries of the region. However, PRs tend to concentrate in the big cities, leaving the distant areas of this widespread continent underserved. In these provincial settings general rheumatologists and pediatricians usually provide patient care for rheumatic children. Development of the specialty is not equal in the different countries of this multicultural region, and there is a clear need for manpower training in a large proportion of the subcontinent. Many challenges remain: well designed and structured international databases and community-based, epidemiological studies are lacking; improvement of the workforce capacity, including role expansion of health care providers in hospitals and in the community is needed; consensus-based design of common educational programs for pediatricians and PRs and clinical guidelines may reduce disparities in patient management; improvement in the accessibility to patient care and provision of modern technology (including biologicals) is another urgent need in South America. Raising pediatric rheumatic disease awareness among the general population, physicians and policy makers may improve referral behavior, reduce misdiagnosis and delay in referral, improper management, and eventually lead to better disease outcomes. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Routine molecular testing of resected early-stage lung adenocarcinoma with targeted next-generation sequencing demonstrates a high rate of actionable mutations
Authors: Brendon M. Stiles, Abu Nasar, Mohamed Kamel Hussein, Galal Rafik Ghaly, Mohamed Rahouma Ahmed, Jeffrey L. Port, Paul C. Lee, Andrew B. Nguyen, Eugene Shostak, Alain C. Borczuk, Michael J. Kluk, Nasser K. Altorki
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2016)
SP0158 Comorbidity in Rheumatic Diseases
Authors: A. Zink
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3></h3> More than half of the patients with rheumatoid arthritis seen in daily care have one or more comorbid conditions. These may be coincidental medical conditions as expected in the age and sex matched general population. However, many of these disorders share risk factors and pathophysiological pathways with RA, such as smoking, obesity, physical inactivity or periodontal disease. In addition, a number of serious comorbidities are driven by the RA-related inflammation such as lymphomas or cardiovascular disease. Finally, current treatments bear the risk of inducing new comorbidity such as serious infections, cardiovascular, liver, renal or gastrointestinal disease, osteoporosis or autoimmune diseases. There is a complex interaction between treatment and comorbidity since successful control of disease activity is able to reduce the risk of comorbidity and to prolong life expectancy. During the last year we have gained new insights into the importance of obesity for the development, clinical course and outcomes of RA, on the impact of periodontal disease for systemic inflammation and on several therapy-induced comorbidities. The lecture will give an overview of current concepts of the interaction of risk factors and of methods to assess individual risk. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Abstract LB-178: Analysis of restored FFPE samples on Infinium methylation arrays
Authors: Jennie Le, Dmitry Pokholok, Wei Wen Teo, Brett Barnes, Frank Steemers, Mark Hansen, Jian-Bing Fan, Mostafa Ronaghi, Richard Shen, Alex Helm, Mary Jo Fackler, Chris Umbricht, Marina Bibikova, Saraswati Sukumar, Kevin L. Gunderson
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Millions of Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded (FFPE) cancer tissue samples currently present in the US and worldwide provide an enormous, invaluable repository to the discovery of biomarkers in cancer research, drug development, diagnosis and treatment of diseases. However, the processes of fixation and storage of FFPE samples leads to degradation and base modification with chemical residues. This degraded FFPE DNA is inefficiently amplified by the Infinium® whole genome amplification (WGA) step leading to poor performance in genome wide methylation analysis. In this study, purified FFPE DNA or crude lysates (200–500 ng input) were bisulfite converted and restored through Illumina's Infinium HD DNA Restoration kit consisting of a combination of treatment with a DNA polymerase, a repair enzyme, and a ligase. Results of methylation analysis on high density HumanMethylation450 BeadChip®, featuring over 450,000 assays indicated that even highly degraded samples which show initial call rates (genes detected p =0.01) of 50–70% can be successfully restored to a state that achieved call rates of greater than 90%. Direct comparison of frozen and FFPE samples from the same tumors showed an R2 correlation of beta values of greater than 95.0% between fresh frozen (FF) and FFPE samples. We also developed a method to assess FFPE sample quality based on a 90 bp qPCR assay (Infinium HD FFPE QC kit). In this assay FFPE samples exhibiting a Ct (Cq) difference of less than six relative to an intact standard are considered to pass the QC test and generally perform well in the assay. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-178. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-LB-178
P72 The Use of Endoscopic Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy: A Comparison of Trucut Biopsy Versus Fine Needle Aspiration
Authors: P Ramachandran, F Al-Murani, R Banka King
Journal: Thorax (2012)

<h3>Background</h3> Endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration is a commonly used tool in the diagnosis of mediastinal lymphadenopathy. However, less is known of the value of additional trucut biopsy. This retrospective study compares the outcomes of EUS-guided FNA and trucut biopsy, in an unselected group of patients with mediastinal lymphadenopathy of unknown origin. <h3>Method</h3> The endoscopy database of two district general hospital sites was reviewed for all patients who had undergone endoscopic ultrasound for mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Results were reviewed for all patients who had cytological or histological specimens taken. Documentation of patient comfort levels and immediate complications was also collected. <h3>Results</h3> 77 patients underwent EUS for mediastinal lymphadenopathy and had specimens taken via FNA, trucut or both. For 1 patient no data was available and therefore was excluded from analysis. Of the remaining 76 patients, 46 had trucut and FNA sampling, 29 FNA alone and 1 trucut alone. Comparison of the subgroups having FNA plus trucut and FNA alone, via Fisher’s exact test, showed no statistically significant difference in the diagnostic information acquired (p=1.0000). There was no difference in the immediate complication rates or level of patient comfort during procedure (both p=1.0000). Trucut did provide additional information in 5 patients but this was not statistically significant. A large number of trucut specimens received were inadequate for histological analysis (20/47) compared with FNA (8/67). This was statistically significant with p=0.0001. <h3>Conclusions</h3> EUS-guided trucut biopsy provided additional diagnostic information in some patients and is well tolerated, with no reports of immediate complications. This retrospective study performed in a single NHS hospital trust was unable to provide statistically significant data to confirm the benefits of trucut sampling however it did confirm its safety and tolerability of EUS-trucut. It may be beneficial to repeat this study in multiple centres with a larger sample size and multiple operators. <h3>References</h3> Initial experience with EUS-guided trucut needle biopsies of perigastric organs. Wiersema et al. Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 56 (2) 2002.
Abstract 4983: The role of bone marrow derived tumor stromal cells in intestinal tumor response to Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitors inhibitors in the ApcMin/+ mouse.
Authors: Grishma Acharya, Celestia Davis, Nikeya Tisdale, Maria Marjorette O. Pena
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Historically, most anti-cancer therapies have been developed to target cancer cells. For many decades, inhibitors of the enzyme thymidylate synthase (TS), such as fluoropyrimidines, have been used in the clinical management of various cancers. However, their clinical utility has been limited by their toxicity to normal cells and acquired resistance by tumor cells. More recently, the role of non-neoplastic cells in the tumor microenvironment on tumor initiation and progression has been firmly established. These non-neoplastic cells infiltrate the tumor and together with the extracellular matrix, blood vessels, connective tissue, and secreted molecules make up the tumor stroma. These cells are thought to play a role in tumor response to therapy. While therapeutic efficacy is often measured by its impact on tumor burden, the impact of TS inhibitors on tumor stromal cells is largely unknown. Bone marrow derived cells (BMDCs) are a major component of the tumor stroma.The goal of this project is to determine theirin mediating tumor response to systemic therapy with TS inhibitors. We hypothesize that in addition to targeting tumor cells, tumor stromal cells are also direct of TS inhibitors and thattumor response to therapy may in fact be dictated by stromal sensitivity to the therapy.To test this hypothesis, we generated chimeric wherein the chemo-sensitivity of intestinal tumor stromal cells to TS inhibitors was different from that of the tumor cells. We transplanted ApcMin/+ mice, a genetic model of intestinal tumorigenesis, with bone marrow cells that weregenetically modified to express a drug-resistant TS molecule from E. coli. We found that tumors in these mice were more resistant to a combined therapy of TS inhibitors as compared to mice transplanted with non-modified marrow. We identified examine the response of BMDCs in the tumor stroma that have previously been shown to promote intestinal tumor development, namely, myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), mast cells and T-regulatory (Treg) cells. We found that MDSCs, but not mast cells or Tregs were specifically sensitive to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Our data suggest that tumor response to 5-FU are at least in part mediated by MDSCs. Current studies are aimed at examining the response of other stromal components to 5-FU with the goal of developing strategies to enhance tumor sensitivity to TS inhibitors. Citation Format: Grishma Acharya, Celestia Davis, Nikeya Tisdale, Maria Marjorette O. Pena. The role of bone marrow derived tumor stromal cells in intestinal tumor response to Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitors inhibitors in the ApcMin/+ mouse. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4983. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4983
Abstract 536: Mesenchymal stromal cells promote tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Kazuhiro Suzuki, Makoto Origuchi, Masahiko Kanehira, Ruowen Sun, Takenori Takahata, Jugoh Itoh, Shinsaku Fukuda, Akihiro Umezawa, Yasuo Saijo
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract [Background] Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), also referred as mesenchymal stem cells are pluripotent progenitor cells that differentiate into chondrocytes, adipocytes, osteoblasts and other types of cell. Although MSCs are resident mainly in bone marrow, MSCs are found in adipose tissue, lung, and many other organs where MSCs maintain and regenerate the connective tissues of organs. Recent report proposed that MSCs also migrate and function as stromal cells in the tumor tissues. Effects of MSCs on tumor growth in vitro and in vivo are still unclear. In this study, we verified tumor promotion by MSCs and analyzed mechanisms. [Method] B16-LacZ, a melanoma cell line expressing β-galactosidase protein, was tested for their growth rate by X-gal colorizing assay in the presence or absence of mouse bone marrow MSCs in vitro. Growth of B16-LacZ was also examined in the detached condition using cell disk or conditioned medium from MSCs. Next, B16-LacZ and Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC) cells were mixed with MSCs at 1/1 and 1/5 ratios and subcutaneously inoculated into mice. Tumor sizes were measured and immunostaining of CD31 was performed to evaluate angiogenesis. We also determine the secretion of soluble factors associated with angiogenesis in cultured medium from B16-LacZ alone, MSCs alone, or B16-LacZ and MSCs ELISA. [Result] Proliferation of B16-LacZ co-cultured with MSCs exhibited 5.8 times greater than that of B16-LacZ alone in vitro (P&amp;lt;0.01). In detached condition, using cell disk or conditioned medium from MSCs, the growth rate was only 1.6 times (P&amp;lt;0.01) in cell disk, and 1.4 times (P&amp;lt;0.05) in conditioned medium at 60-hour incubation. Mixed group of B16-LacZ and MSCs at 1/1 and 1/5 ratios developed 2.3 times (P&amp;lt;0.05) and 4.3 times (P&amp;lt;0.01) grater tumor compared to B16-LacZ alone in vivo. MSCs alone did not develop a tumor. Results of LLC experiments were similar to B16-LacZ experiments. Tumor vessel area of mixture of B16-LacZ and MSCs was 2.4 times (P&amp;lt;0.05) at 1/1 and 4.2 times (P&amp;lt;0.01) at 1/5 ratio lager than B16-LacZ alone. The amount of the secretion of LIF, M-CSF, MIP-2 and VEGF factors from MSCs were significantly larger compared with B16-LacZ. The amount of the secretion from co-culture of B16-LacZ and MSCs was almost the same as the MSCs alone group. [Conclusion] MSCs promoted tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo, and promotion of tumor growth by MSCs can be at least in part attributed to the tumor angiogenesis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 536.
Small-bowel capsule endoscopy diagnoses early and advanced neoplasms in asymptomatic patients with Lynch syndrome
Authors: J.-C. Saurin, F. Pilleul, E. Soussan, T. Manière, P. D’Halluin, M. Gaudric, C. Cellier, D. Heresbach, J.-L. Gaudin
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

See also: Commentaire de travail de J.-C. Saurin et al., pp. 1057Endoscopy 2010; 42(12): 1120-1120DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1306713
The Management of Cocaine-Associated Myocardial Ischemia
Authors: Judd E. Hollander
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

The use of cocaine has reached epidemic proportions. Over 30 percent of men and 20 percent of women between the ages of 26 and 34 have used cocaine at least once.1 Moreover, 23 million Americans have used cocaine at some time,1 and 5 million use it regularly.2 During the 1980s cocaine became the most frequently used illicit drug among patients presenting to hospital emergency departments.35 Chest pain is the most common cocaine-related medical problem6; it leads to the evaluation of more than 64,000 patients annually for possible myocardial ischemia. Of these patients, 57 percent are admitted to the . . .
AB1243 Comparison of the sensitivity and specificity of ACCP and anti MCV in rhematoid artheritis patients
Authors: B. Yousefghahari, S. Alhooei, M.J. Soleimani, A. Guran
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic inflammatory disease that mainly affects small joints. It has a destructive potential, then early diagnosis and treatment can prevent deformities and extra articular manifestations. According to the studies ACCP test is the most sensitive and specific biological marker of the disease, but in some studies Anti MCV is comparable with ACCP as a specific marker. <h3>Objectives</h3> In this study we compared the sensitivity and specificity of the above mentioned tests. <h3>Methods</h3> This cross sectional study was carried out on 150 rheumatoid arthritis patients and 75 controls. In the patients group there were 34 males and 116 females with the mean age of 49.57±11.98 and in the control group 17 males and 58 females with mean age of 48.85±11.98years old. For each and every subject approximately 8cc of blood was drawn, serums were separated. Then, ACCP and Anti MCV by using Elisa method were measured. The results were analyzed with SPSS software. <h3>Results</h3> In this study the sensitivity of ACCP and Anti MCV were 85% and 81%. Furthermore, the specificity of these tests was 96% and 95% respectively. The positive predictive value for ACCP, 98% and for Anti MCV 97% and negative predictive value for ACCP 76% and for Anti MCV 71%were calculated. Only 4out of 23 patients (17.39%) with negative ACCP test were Anti MCV positive and 10 out of 29 patients (34.48%) with negative Anti MCV were ACCP positive. In our study there was no significant difference between sensitivity and specificity of these two tests, although in general ACCP was superior to Anti MCV. But it does not appear that Anti MCV will help more in ACCP negative patients. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Nail Psoriasis: A Review of Treatment Options
Authors: Marcel C. Pasch
Journal: Drugs (2016)

Nail involvement affects 80–90 % of patients with plaque psoriasis, and is even more prevalent in patients with psoriatic arthritis. This review is the result of a systemic approach to the literature and covers topical, intralesional, conventional systemic, and biologic systemic treatments, as well as non-pharmacological treatment options for nail psoriasis. The available evidence suggests that all anti-tumor necrosis factor-α, anti-interleukin (IL)-17, and anti-IL-12/23 antibodies which are available for plaque psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis are highly effective treatments for nail psoriasis. Conventional systemic treatments, including methotrexate, cyclosporine, acitretin, and apremilast, as well as intralesional corticosteroids, can also be effective treatments for nail psoriasis. Topical treatments, including corticosteroids, calcipotriol, tacrolimus, and tazarotene, have also been shown to have a position in the treatment of nail psoriasis, particularly in mild cases. Finally, non-pharmacological treatment options, including phototherapy, photodynamic therapy, laser therapy, and several radiotherapeutic options, are also reviewed but cannot be advised as first-line treatment options. Another conclusion of this review is that the lack of a reliable core set of outcomes measures for trials in nail psoriasis hinders the interpretation of results, and is urgently needed.
A6.1 “Intratracheal inoculation of<i>porphyromonas gingivalis</i>induces inflammatory changes in the joints of DBA/1 mice”
Authors: Karina Adamowicz, Katarzyna Maresz, Małgorzata Benedyk, Annelie Hellvard, Piotr Mydel, Jan Potempa
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease manifested by chronic inflammatory disorder of the joints. The recent clinical and epidemiological studies provided strong evidence for a significant association between RA and periodontitis (PD). Moreover, our findings shown that <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i>, the major etiologic factor in PD, facilitates the development and progression of collagen induced arthritis. <h3>Objective</h3> The purpose of the study was to establish whether <i>P. gingivalis</i> alone might directly cause inflammatory changes of the joints of infected animals and dependence of this pathological event on the administration route of the bacterium and a genetic background of mice. <h3>Methods</h3> DBA/1, C57BL/6, and BALB/c mice were infected with <i>P. gingivalis</i> (5x10<sup>7</sup>) using different routes of administration: intratracheal, intravascular, intraperitoneal, oral and intra-subcutaneous. After 14 days, the clinical score measurement of mice paws, physiological parameters and host response to infection were taken. Arthritis was quantified by clinical score measurement of ankle swelling in the paws and by histological examination. Inflammatory response was evaluated by determination of proinflammatory cytokines in serum using ELISA. Dissemination of <i>P. gingivalis</i> to paws and organs was determined by plating tissue homogenates on blood agar and CFU count. Finally, the presence or absence of <i>P. gingivalis</i> in the inflamed joint tissue was verified using PCR to specifically detect 16S RNA of <i>P. gingivalis</i>. <h3>Results</h3> Intratracheal infection with 5x10<sup>7</sup><i>P. gingivalis</i> did not lead to systemic infection and live bacteria were eliminated twenty-four hours postinfection from the lungs. Moreover, no live bacteria were found in other organs and blood at any time after bacterial administration. However, significant ankle swelling occurred in DBA/1 mice 7 days after <i>P. gingivalis </i>challenge. In contrast to DBA/1, BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice were resistant to joint inflammation generated by <i>P. gingivalis</i> intratracheal infection. The arthritic joints in DBA/1 mice exhibited inflammatory changes in synovial tissue. Serum proinflammatory mediators such as IL-6, TNF-alpha, IL-10, MCP-1 were found to be elevated one week after infection, which correlated with the onset of inflammatory changes in the joints. Other routes of <i>P. gingivalis</i> administration did not lead to inflammatory changes in the joints. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Intratracheal infection is the first animal model that directly links <i>P. gingivalis</i> to changes in the joints and shows that the bacterium may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis-associated rheumatoid arthritis in susceptible genetic background.