tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Elevated levels of polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells in patients with glioblastoma highly express S100A8/9 and arginase and suppress T cell function
Authors: Paul R Gielen, Barbara M Schulte, Esther D Kers-Rebel, Kiek Verrijp, Sandra A J F H Bossman, Mark Ter Laan, Pieter Wesseling, Gosse J Adema
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)

Gliomas are primary brain tumors that are associated with a poor prognosis. The introduction of new treatment modalities (including immunotherapy) for these neoplasms in the last 3 decades has resulted in only limited improvement in survival. Gliomas are known to create an immunosuppressive microenvironment that hampers the efficacy of (immuno)therapy. One component of this immunosuppressive environment is the myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC).We set out to analyze the presence and activation state of MDSCs in blood (n = 41) and tumor (n = 20) of glioma patients by measuring S100A8/9 and arginase using flow cytometry and qPCR. Inhibition of T cell proliferation and cytokine production after stimulation with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 coated beads was used to measure in vitro MDSC suppression capacity.We report a trend toward a tumor grade-dependent increase of both monocytic (M-) and polymorphonuclear (PMN-) MDSC subpopulations in the blood of patients with glioma. M-MDSCs of glioma patients have increased levels of intracellular S100A8/9 compared with M-MDSCs in healthy controls (HCs). Glioma patients also have increased S100A8/9 serum levels, which correlates with increased arginase activity in serum. PMN-MDSCs in both blood and tumor tissue demonstrated high expression of arginase. Furthermore, we assessed blood-derived PMN-MDSC function and showed that these cells have potent T cell suppressive function in vitro.These data indicate a tumor grade-dependent increase of MDSCs in the blood of patients with a glioma. These MDSCs exhibit an increased activation state compared with MDSCs in HCs, independent of tumor grade.
Organ Cultures of Normal, Dysplastic, Hyperplastic, and Neoplastic Human Mammary Tissues&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: S. R. Wellings, V. L. Jentoft
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1972)

Explants of 52 human breast biopsy specimens were maintained in organ culture in chemically defined media, both with and without added hormones. In cultures without hormones there was good survival of normal ducts and lobules, various paHerns of mammary dysplasia, ductal carcinoma in situ, fibroadenoma, intraductal papilloma, gynecomastia, and colloid carcinoma; on the other hand, there was poor survival of scirrous carcinoma. Addition of amorphous insulin, aldosterone, and ovine mammotropin, alone or in combination, had no effect on survival and caused no cell proliferation or secretion. At higher concentrations estradiol 17-β sometimes was deleterious for survival.
Doctor who gave expert advice in “shaken baby” cases is struck off
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2016)

A leading paediatric neuropathologist has been struck off the United Kingdom’s medical register for repeatedly giving misleading and dishonest evidence to the courts in so called “shaken baby” cases.

Waney Squier, 68, from the John Radcliffe Hospital in Oxford, was a frequent expert witness for parents accused of injuring or killing their babies by deliberate acts. She raised the possibility of different causes, such as choking, for injuries that other experts attributed to abusive head trauma.

The medical practitioners’ tribunal gave Squier credit for her “eminent work as a neuropathologist of national and international standing” and acknowledged testimonials declaring that she had been “scrupulously honest” in her work outside the court environment. The …
Extent of transplantation in Britain is overrepresented
Authors: M G. Rainey, J. M Hows
Journal: BMJ (1995)

nappy was being changed; there was a "crack," and he was distressed.In our view it is unwise to label these fractures as spontaneous, although the force required may be less than that needed to fracture well mineralised bones.A difficulty arises if a non-accidental injury has occurred: if the fracture has been accepted as spontaneous the child is left unprotected.Children with disability are at greater risk of abuse than their peers, and some of these fractures will be the result of abuse.23 Have Lingam and Joester considered why the school attended by the subjects of their reports apparently has such a high incidence of fracture of the femur?
Comparison of Three Mammary Tumor Viruses in Genetically Similar Susceptible Mice
Authors: George Vlahakis
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

Journal Article Comparison of Three Mammary Tumor Viruses in Genetically Similar Susceptible Mice Get access George Vlahakis George Vlahakis Laboratory of Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Bethesda, Md. 20014 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 51, Issue 5, November 1973, Pages 1711–1712, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/51.5.1711 Published: 01 November 1973 Article history Received: 26 June 1973 Accepted: 01 August 1973 Published: 01 November 1973
Epigenetic Signatures of Rassf1 and Pten Genes As Potential Candidates for Targeting Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Authors: M. Zuberi, R. Mir, I. Ahmad, J. Javid, P. Yadav, S. Guru, M. Masroor, M. Bhat, P.C. Ray, G. Gandhi, A. Saxena
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
HLA-Matched Related Donor Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation in Patients with Fanconi Anemia Conditioned with a Combination of Cyclophosphamide and Fludarabine : A Study on Behalf of the French Society of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cell Therapies (SFGM-TC)
Authors: Lina Benajiba, Clementine Salvado, Jean-Hugues Dalle, Charlotte Jubert, Claire Galambrun, Jean Soulier, Gerard Socie, Regis Peffault de Latour
Journal: Blood (2014)
Temporal disorganization and primary affective disorder
Authors: L Kirstein, J Bukberg
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1979)

The authors used a self-rating scale of thinking process disorganization to measure degree of temporal disorganization in a group of 38 rigorously categorized psychiatric inpatients. Patients diagnosed as having primary affective disorder, depressed type, were significantly different from those with either a character disorder or schizophrenic diagnosis; both schizophrenic and character disorder groups showed variable temporal disorganization scores, and the primary affective disorder group showed consistently high levels of temporal disorganization. Diagnosis was more important than symptom measures in relationship to temporal disorganization scores.
A Scoring System to Determine Risk of Delayed Bleeding After Endoscopic Mucosal Resection of Large Colorectal Lesions
Authors: Eduardo Albéniz, María Fraile, Berta Ibáñez, Pedro Alonso-Aguirre, David Martínez-Ares, Santiago Soto, Carla Jerusalén Gargallo, Felipe Ramos Zabala, Marco Antonio Álvarez, Joaquín Rodríguez-Sánchez, Fernando Múgica, Óscar Nogales, Alberto Herreros de Tejada, Eduardo Redondo, Noel Pin, Helena León-Brito, Remedios Pardeiro, Leopoldo López-Roses, Manuel Rodríguez-Téllez, Alejandra Jiménez, Felipe Martínez-Alcalá, Orlando García, Joaquín de la Peña, Akiko Ono, Fernando Alberca de las Parras, María Pellisé, Liseth Rivero, Esteban Saperas, Francisco Pérez-Roldán, Antonio Pueyo Royo, Javier Eguaras Ros, Alba Zúñiga Ripa, Mar Concepción-Martín, Patricia Huelin-Álvarez, Juan Colán-Hernández, Joaquín Cubiella, David Remedios, Xavier Bessa i Caserras, Bartolomé López-Viedma, Julyssa Cobian, Mariano González-Haba, José Santiago, Juan Gabriel Martínez-Cara, Eduardo Valdivielso, Carlos Guarner-Argente
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2016)
Registers based in general practice are essential in long term surveillance
Authors: J. P Hill, T. Pitts-Tucker
Journal: BMJ (1996)

EDITOR,—The consensus statement for good practice and audit measures in the management of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism recommends surveillance of patients at high risk of iatrogenic hypothyroidism and suggests this as a point for future audit.1 We have recently audited the follow up of thyrotoxicosis and thyroidectomy in a general practice population of 10 761 patients. Previously we did not have a systematic method of surveillance for such patients but checked their thyroid function opportunistically. Our audit …
Discontinuation Of Dasatinib In Patients With CML Who Have Maintained Complete Molecular Response For At Least One Year: Results From a Prospective Discontinuation (DADI) Trial
Authors: Hideo Tanaka, Jun Imagawa, Masaya Okada, Hirohisa Nakamae, Masayuki Hino, Kazunori Murai, Yoji Ishida, Takashi Kumagai, Seiichi Sato, Kazuteru Ohashi, Hisashi Sakamaki, Hisashi Wakita, Nobuhiko Uoshima, Yasunori Nakagawa, Yosuke Minami, Masahiro Ogasawara, Tomoharu Takeoka, Hiroshi Akasaka, Satoshi Morita, Junichi Sakamoto, Shinya Kimura
Journal: Blood (2013)
Leveling of Tuberculosis Incidence — United States, 2013–2015
Authors: Jorge L. Salinas, Godwin Mindra, Maryam B. Haddad, Robert Pratt, Sandy F. Price, Adam J. Langer
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2016)

After 2 decades of progress toward tuberculosis (TB) elimination with annual decreases of ≥0.2 cases per 100,000 persons (1), TB incidence in the United States remained approximately 3.0 cases per 100,000 persons during 2013-2015. Preliminary data reported to the National Tuberculosis Surveillance System indicate that TB incidence among foreign-born persons in the United States (15.1 cases per 100,000) has remained approximately 13 times the incidence among U.S.-born persons (1.2 cases per 100,000). Resuming progress toward TB elimination in the United States will require intensification of efforts both in the United States and globally, including increasing U.S. efforts to detect and treat latent TB infection, strengthening systems to interrupt TB transmission in the United States and globally, accelerating reductions in TB globally, particularly in the countries of origin for most U.S.
Patterns of co-expression of ERCC1 and p27 in resected non-small cell lung cancer by immunohistochemistry
Authors: N. Rekhtman, C. G. Azzoli, M. G. Kris, B. J. Park, M. F. Zakowski
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

7595 Background: Excision repair cross-complementation group 1 protein (ERCC1) and p27Kip1 have emerged as biomarkers which predict a lack of benefit from cisplatin-based adjuvant therapy in patients with resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Retrospective analysis of tumor tissue from patients enrolled in the International Adjuvant Lung Trial (IALT) suggests that co-expression of these proteins is a stronger predictor of a lack of benefit than either marker independently (Pirker, JTO 2007 (abstract D3–03);2:S397–8). We analyzed in parallel the distribution of these markers in a series of patients with NSCLC. Methods: Surgical resection specimens from 18 patients with NSCLC were analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for ERCC1 (8F1; Lab Vision) and p27Kip1 (Dako). In addition, IHC expression profiles were correlated with clinicopathologic parameters, including tumor type, grade, and stage. Results: Of 18 tumors, 7 (39%) were ERCC1-positive, and 3 (17%) were p27Kip1-positive. Co-expression of ERCC1 and p27Kip1 was as follows: 1 case (6%) double-positive, 9 cases (50%) double-negative, 6 cases (33%) ERCC1-positive/p27Kip1-negative, and 2 cases (11%) ERCC1-negative/p27Kip1-positive. p27Kip1 expression correlated with better differentiated adenocarcinoma, as previously reported. There was no correlation of ERCC1 or p27Kip1 with other clinicopathologic parameters. Conclusions: The most common pattern of ERCC1 and p27Kip1 expression is double negativity, characteristic of 50% of NSCLC, predicting the patient is more likely to benefit from cisplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy. Only 6% of patients show co-expression of these markers, which would predict the lowest likelihood of benefit. A significant proportion of patients (44%) show discordant reactivity for ERCC1 and p27Kip1. The value of these biomarkers has not been validated in a prospective trial or retrospective case series other than IALT and should not override pathologic stage as the major criteria for selection of adjuvant therapy until more data are available. Our results suggest that concurrent analysis of p27 and ERCC1 is most likely to bolster a clinical decision to treat a patient with adjuvant chemotherapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Local governments in US buy cheaper prescription drugs from Canada
Authors: J. Hopkins Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2003)

High prices for prescription drugs have prompted widespread attempts to import drugs from Canada, where government controls make prices 20-80% lower than in the United States.

The lobby group the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA), says that imports carry risks but admits that the US healthcare system leaves too many patients without access to the medicines they need.

Although drugs account for only 10% of healthcare costs, the amount has doubled since 1980 and drug prices have tripled. An estimated one to two million …
Choline chloride treatment of memory deficits in the elderly
Authors: R C Mohs, K L Davis, J R Tinklenberg, L E Hollister, J A Yesavage, B S Kopell
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1979)

Eight elderly patients with mild memory impairment were given choline chloride, a drug that increases brain acetylcholine concentrations. After 16 g/day of choline for 7 days, average memory performance was not different from performance during pre- and postcholine placebo treatment, although the patient with the poorest baseline performance improved considerably on choline.
Venous Thromboembolism in Malignancy
Authors: Kenneth A. Bauer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2000)

Article Tools EDITORIAL Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2000.18.17.3065 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 10963634 Venous Thromboembolism in Malignancy Kenneth A. Bauer, MDxKenneth A. BauerSearch for articles by this author Show More Boston VA Healthcare System and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Harvard Medical School Boston, MA https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2000.18.17.3065 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2000 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
IMPS-15PDT-TREATED GBM CELLS INCREASE EFFECTOR FUNCTIONS OF HUMAN CD8+ T-CELLS
Authors: Max Hübner, Gabriele Strauss, David Effinger, Heike Pohla, Friedrich-Wilhelm Kreth, Simone Kreth
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

OBJECTIVE: Photodynamic therapy (PDT)-induced modulation of the adaptive immune response might account for long-term survival observed in glioblastoma (GBM) patients after PDT. We here analyze the impact of PDT-treated GBM cells on the effector functions of primary human T cells. METHODS: After incubation with 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) for 4 hours, the human glioblastoma cell line U87 was subjected either to PDT (3 Joule/cm2) or temozolomide (350 µM). PDT and temozolomide doses were equivalent regarding the evoked cell death rates. CD3/CD28-activated primary blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from healthy donors were co-cultivated with PDT- or temozolomide-treated U87 or untreated controls for 48 hours. Thereafter, CD4+ and CD8 + T cells were separated by magnetic cell separation. Expression of cytokines, cytotoxicity and activation markers was measured by quantitative RT-PCR (qPCR) and flow cytometry. Cytotoxicity was determined by ELISPOT and CalceinAM fluorescence assays. Differences between groups were analyzed using Student's t test (parametric distribution) or Mann-Whitney U test (non-parametric distribution). Values are means ± SEM. RESULTS: In vitro activated primary human CD4 + T cells did not exhibit changes in their cytokine profiles upon co-culturing with PDT-treated U87 cells. In CD8+ T cells, however, significantly increased expression levels of Interferon-gamma (qPCR, 1.8-fold ± 0.34; n = 14, p < 0.001) and Perforin (qPCR, 1.6-fold ± 0.14, n = 14, p < 0.001; Perforin-ELISPOT 1.3-fold ± 0.11, n = 8, p = 0.003) were seen. Cytotoxic activity was enhanced by 13 ± 4.4% (CalceinAM fluorescence of supernatants, n = 5, p = 0.017). Flow cytometry revealed a significant decrease of the co-inhibitory T cell marker CTLA4 (23 ± 3.5%, n = 5, p < 0.001). Following temozolomide treatment, CD8+ cytotoxic activity was not enhanced (n = 4, p = 0.7). CONCLUSION: 5-ALA PDT but not temozolomide treatment of glioblastoma cells increases the cytotoxic activity of human CD8+ T cells. This might contribute to long-term tumor control in a considerable number of glioblastoma patients after PDT.
The frequency of the JAK2 V617F mutation in patients with polycythemia vera and its correlation with severity of disease
Authors: R. T. Silver, S. Lee, A. V. Jones, M. Rivera, E. J. Feldman, G. Roboz, E. Ritchie, S. Allen-Bard, N. Cross
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

6587 Background: The frequency of the JAK2 V617F mutation in patients with polycythemia vera (PV) has ranged from approximately 65–97% in published reports from different institutions. Moreover, its expression has been variably correlated with certain aspects of the disease. Therefore, we quantified its frequency in patients from our institution, and also determined if its presence correlated with severity or duration of disease. Methods: We used stringent criteria to diagnose the disease PV. This included an initial CR 51 red blood cell mass (RBCM) and I 131 plasma volume. All causes of secondary PV were excluded. In an earlier cohort of 61 patients, we found that an increased RBCM, exclusion of secondary PV, and the presence of 3 of the following reliably diagnosed the phenotype of PV: serum erythropoietin level ≤ 5 mU/ml, platelet count ≥ 400 × 10 9 /L, splenomegaly, clonal cytogenetic abnormalities, and an abnormal bone marrow histology. Results: JAK2 determinations were sequentially performed on 71 treated and untreated patients. Of these, 68 (97%) were V617F positive by allele-specific PCR analysis determined by pyrosequencing peripheral blood leukocyte DNA. We then ranked 48 patients who had not been treated with either imatinib or interferon (which affects JAK2 expression) by percent mutant allele arranged in quintiles. The highest percent mutation (80–100%) was noted in 11 patients with a phenotype of advanced disease which included massive splenomegaly (7/11 patients) and marrow fibrosis (6/11 patients). In contrast, of the group expressing 0–20% JAK2, 0/5 patients had palpable splenomegaly and 0/5 had fibrosis. The patients in the 2nd, 3rd and 4th quintiles had varying degrees of splenomegaly and fibrosis. Duration of disease could not be correlated with JAK2 V617F expression in our patients. Conclusions: We conclude that the JAK2 V617F mutation is an effective marker for diagnosing patients with PV and correlates with severity, but not duration, of disease. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Tidal flow variability measured by impedance pneumography relates to childhood asthma risk
Authors: Ville-Pekka Seppä, Anna S. Pelkonen, Anne Kotaniemi-Syrjänen, Jari Viik, Mika J. Mäkelä, L. Pekka Malmberg
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2016)

Lung function variability is a fundamental feature of asthma but has been difficult to quantify in children due to methodological limitations. We assessed the feasibility and clinical implications of overnight flow variability measurement at home using impedance pneumography in young children. 44 children aged 3–7 years with recurrent or persistent lower airway symptoms were recruited. Patients were divided into high- or lower-risk groups (HR and LR groups) based on their risk of asthma (modified Asthma Predictive Index), and a third group was formed of children who had a history of wheeze and who were treated with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS group). Tidal volume and the derived flow were recorded through skin electrodes using impedance pneumography at home during sleep. Quantities describing overnight change in expiratory flow–volume minimum curve shape correlation (CSR min ) and respiratory chaoticity (minimum noise limit (NL min )) were derived. Recordings were successful in 34 children. CSR min differed between the HR and LR groups (p=0.002) and between the HR and ICS groups (p=0.003), indicating a stronger change in flow profile shape in the HR group. NL min differed between the HR and LR groups (p=0.014), indicating momentarily lowered chaoticity in the HR group. Impedance pneumography was found feasible for quantifying nocturnal lung function variability and the measured variability was associated with risk of asthma in young children.
Stimulation of Normal Erythropoiesis In Vitro by Macrophages From Erythroleukemic Mice&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: C S Johnson, J Marcelletti, P Furmanski
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)

The erythroleukemia induced in mice by the Friend virus complex is caused to regress by macrophages. To determine whether the effect of macrophages on leukemia is due to their role in the regulation of erythropoiesis, investigators examined the influence of macrophages from normal and leukemic mice on in vitro colony formation by erythroid progenitor cells [colony-forming units of erythroid progenitor cells (CFU-E)]. Plasma clot cultures of CFU-E were grown over monolayers of macrophages separated from the CFU-E cultures by a layer of agar. Macrophages from progressors (those leukemic mice that will not undergo leukemia regression) significantly stimulated CFU-E, whereas macrophages from regressors (those that will undergo leukemia regression) had no effect on colony formation. Monolayers of normal resident macrophages did not affect in vitro erythropoiesis, while less mature macrophages (peripheral blood mononuclear cells) or nonspecifically activated macrophages (exudate induced) in monolayer stimulated CFU-E. Stimulation by macrophages from leukemic mice was dependent on the presence of virus-producing cells. CFU-E from erythroleukemic mice were resistant to stimulation by leukemic macrophages. These results demonstrated that macrophages from progressively leukemic mice influenced normal colony formation of CFU-E in vitro and that these effects could be related to the ability of macrophages to cause leukemia regression.