tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P128 Cardiovascular Effects of Statin Therapy on Arterial Stiffness in Patients with COPD: A Double Blind Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: M John, JR Cockcroft, TM McKeever, TW Harrison, DJ Shale, JG Thornton, AJ Knox, CE Bolton
Journal: Thorax (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> As cardiovascular disease is a comorbidity and major cause of death in patients with COPD, primary preventative strategies are required. Arterial stiffness, as measured by aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) is increased in patients with COPD<sup>1</sup>, and is an independent predictor of cardiovascular risk<sup>2</sup>, which is modifiable over the short term. We hypothesised that aortic PWV, would be reduced by six weeks treatment of simvastatin 20mg once daily compared to placebo in selected patients with COPD without concurrent heart disease, diabetes or hypercholesterolemia. <h3>Methods</h3> Clinically stable patients with confirmed COPD were recruited and randomised to either simvastatin 20mg od (active) or placebo in double blinded fashion. Aortic PWV, blood pressure, spirometry, six minute walking distance, and lipids were measured pre- and post- 6 weeks treatment. Primary analysis compared PWV between groups. A predefined subgroup analysis compared those with a baseline PWV≥10m/s. <h3>Results</h3> The patients were well matched for age, sex, smoking and lung function; active, n = 33 and placebo, n = 37. The recruitment target was met. Compliance was high with the active group achieving significantly lower total cholesterol - between arms mean (95% CI): -1.1 (-1.3, -0.8)mmol/L, p &lt; 0.001. There was no significant change in aortic PWV after treatment in the active compared to placebo group: -0.7 (-1.8, 0.5)m/s, p = 0.24, In the subgroup with aortic PWV≥10m/s, n = 22, aortic PWV improved in the active arm compared to placebo: -2.8 (-5.2, -0.3)m/s, p = 0.03. This latter difference remained statistically significant after adjusting for age and sex. Blood pressure, lung function and six minute walking distance did not change. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In this pilot study, despite a significant reduction in total cholesterol there was no improvement in aortic PWV in patients with COPD taking simvastatin 20mg compared to placebo over 6 weeks. The positive findings in the subgroup with a higher baseline aortic PWV warrants further studies in high risk patients to confirm the impact of statin use on the cardiovascular outcome of COPD. Trial reference: NCT01151306 Supported by NIHR RfPB grant <h3>References</h3> Sabit, R., <i><i>et al</i></i>., <i>Am J Respir Crit Care Med</i>, 200;<b>175</b>:1259–65 Laurent, S., <i>et al</i>., <i>Eur Heart J</i>, 2006; <b>27</b>:2588–605
Site of Mistletoe Injection Observed on In-111 OncoScint Imaging
Authors: WONSICK CHOE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

In-111 satumomab pendetide (Cytogen Corp., Princeton, NJ) (OncoScint CR/OV) planar imaging was performed to detect recurrence of colorectal cancer in an 81-year-old woman. Imaging showed no evidence of recurrence. However, an area of increased uptake was noted in the left thigh. When she was questioned, the patient admitted that she had self-injected a privately imported medicine intramuscularly to that area. The active ingredient was mistletoe, that she believed would cure the colorectal cancer.
P3-14-08: A Phase II Study of Gemcitabine and Carboplatin (GC) Plus Iniparib (BSI-201) as Neoadjuvant Therapy for Triple-Negative and BRCA1/2 Mutation-Associated Breast Cancer.
Authors: ML Telli, AW Kurian, KC Jensen, S Vinayak, P Flaherty, JA Lipson, I Wapnir, B Daniel, RW Carlson, MA Mills, P-J Chang, E Schackmann, C Rocha, B Sherman, A Blackwood-Chirchir, C Bradley, JM Ford
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background The combination of gemcitabine, platinum and inhibition of DNA repair results in synergistic chemosensitivity in triple-negative and BRCA1-deficient breast cancer cell lines. This study was designed to assess efficacy, safety and predictors of response to iniparib, a small molecule whose mechanism of action is under investigation, in combination with GC in early-stage triple-negative and BRCA1/2 mutation-associated BC. Methods: This single-arm, phase II study (NCT00813956) enrolled patients with clinical stage I-IIIA (T ≥1cm by MRI) estrogen receptor-negative (≤ 5%), progesterone receptor-negative (≤ 5%), and HER2−negative or BRCA1/2 mutation-associated BC. Neoadjuvant gemcitabine (1000 mg/m2; IV; D1, 8), carboplatin (AUC 2; IV; D1, 8), and iniparib (5.6 mg/kg; IV; D1, 4, 8, 11) were given every 21 days for 4 cycles, until the protocol was amended to increase the treatment duration to 6 cycles with enrollment of 36 patients. The protocol was further amended to increase the patient number with expansion to additional centers. Prior to expansion, reporting of interim safety and efficacy results was specified. The primary endpoint is pathologic complete response (pCR), defined as the absence of invasive carcinoma in the breast and axilla. Pathologic response was assessed using the residual cancer burden (RCB) index. Secondary endpoints included safety, radiographic response by MRI, breast conservation eligibility and correlation of baseline gene expression with response. Results: The pre-expansion cohort consisted of 13 patients assigned to 4 cycles of treatment and 36 patients assigned to 6 cycles of treatment. Among these 49 patients (50 tumors), median tumor size is 35 mm, and median age is 48 years. The overall pCR rate is 34% (95% CI = 22–48); the pCR rate at 6 cycles is 41% (95% CI = 26–57). RCB 0/I was observed in 5/13 pts (38%; 95% CI = 18–64) treated with 4 cycles; 21/37 (57%; 95% CI = 41–71) treated with 6 cycles; and 9/9 pts (100%) with known BRCA1/2 mutations. Two pts experienced disease progression, two locoregional relapse, and three distant relapse. Among 45 tumors with Affymetrix-based RNA microarray gene expression data, 39/45 (87%) are classified as basal-like, 3/45 (7%) luminal B, and 3/45 (7%) normal breast-like. Most common G3/4 adverse events include neutropenia (31%), anemia (10%), and elevated ALT/AST (10%). Alopecia and chemotherapy-induced amenorrhea were uncommon. Analyses of secondary endpoints are ongoing and will be presented. Conclusions: Preoperative GC plus iniparib is active in the treatment of early-stage triple-negative and BRCA1/2 mutation-associated breast cancer. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-14-08.
AB0222 Comparison of Rheumatoid Arthritis Impact Disease (RAID) and Composite Indexes for the Evaluation of the Activity in the Daily Care in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: A. Hari, S. Rostom, R. Lahlou, D. Khnaba, R. Bahiri, N. Hajjaj-Hassouni
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the correlation between the questionnaire of impact of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RAID: Rheumatoid Arthritis Impact Disease) and questionnaires for assessing disease activity judged by patient (RAPID-3: Routine Assessment of Patient Index Data 3, and RADAI-5: Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Activity Index5) and composite indicesfor assessment of disease activity (DAS28-ESR: activity score of 28 joint disease activity index CDAI and clinical disease) in daily practice. <h3>Methods</h3> A cross sectional study in patients with rheumatoid arthritis according to the2010 ACR/EULAR criteria was conducted. All patients completed the following questionnaires RAID, RADAI 5and RAPID-3. The DAS28-ESR and the CDAI were measured simultaneously. The reliabilitywas calculated by Cronbach9s alpha and factorial analysis was performed. The correlation coefficient “tau” of Kendall was used to analyze the correlation between different instruments. <h3>Results</h3> Thirty patients with RA were included. The mean age was51±11 years with a female predominance (80%). Time to complete the questionnaires was 30 seconds. The median for RADAI-5 was 3.9 (1.7 to 4.9), 4.05 for the RAPID-3 (1.91 to 5.13), 4.47 for the RAID (2.31 to 5.78).Cronbach9s alpha was excellent for RADAI-5 (α=0.99), RAPID-3 (α=0.99) and RAID (α=0.99). The “tau” concordance was 0.78, 0.76, 0.74, and 0.82 between RAID and respectively RAPID3, RADAI5, DAS28ESR, CDAI. (p&lt;0.001 was highly significant for all variables). <h3>Conclusions</h3> The reliability of the questionnaire RAID is as good ascomposite indices.The questionnaires showed a good agreement with each other and indices. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.5236
AB0627 Treatment of parotid gland MALT lymphoma with rituximab and cyclophosphamide in primary sjogren’s syndrome
Authors: O. Logvinenko, V. Vasilyev, S. Sedishev, T. Safonova, E. Rodionova, V. Gorodetskiy, E. Nasonov, N. Kokosadze
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To assess the efficacy of therapy with rituximab (RTX) and cyclophosphamide (CPH) in patients with parotid gland MALT lymphoma associated with primary Sjogren’s syndrome (pSS) <h3>Methods</h3> 35 female patients with pSS, as determined by the revised American-European criteria, and parotid glands MALT lymphomas were treated with either RTX (13 patients) or CPH (7 patients). RTX in combination with CPH was used in 15 patients. RTX was administered at 375 mg/m<sup>2</sup> weekly for 4-5 weeks. RTX in combination with 1000 mg CHP or 1000 mg CHP monotherapy were given every two weeks for a period 8-10 weeks. In all patients an incision biopsy of the parotid gland was performed before treatment. MALT lymphomas’s diagnosis was confirmed by histological and immunohistopathological analysis of parotid glands samples. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for the detection of monoclonal immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene rearrangements in parotid glands. MALT lymphoma was also localized in the lacrimal glands (n=4), submandibular glands (n=3), cervical lymph nodes (n=4). <h3>Results</h3> Complete clinical response of MALT lymphoma was achieved in 11 out 13 patients (85%) in the RTX group, in 4 out 7 patients (57%) in the CPH group, in all 15 patients (100%) in the RTX with CPH group. The other patients had partial clinical response. An repeated incision biopsy of the parotid gland at month 3 after treatment was performed in 10 patients with RTX monotherapy and in 13 patients with combined therapy RTX and CPH. Complete disappearance of histological and immunohistopathological pattern of MALT lymphoma was shown in 70% of the RTX treated patients and in 85% of the patients with combined therapy. In parotid glands B-cell monoclonality (IgH-PCR) disappeared in 1 out 5 cases (20%) after RTX monotherapy and in 4 out 7 cases (57%) after RTX with CPH therapy. <h3>Conclusions</h3> RTX monotherapy and RTX in combination with CPH are effective treatment for parotid gland MALT lymphomas in pSS. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
THU0357 Prednisone Compared to Methyl-Prednisolone in the Polymyalgia Rheumatica Treatment
Authors: S. Troplini, L. Idolazzi, O. Viapiana, G. Orsolini, E. Fracassi, M. Risoli, M. Gomez Lira, V. Kunnathully, D. Gatti, M. Rossini, S. Adami
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Glucocorticoids (GLs) are the sole therapeutic approach in Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR). An undefined proportion of patients respond only to very high doses of GLs and some seem to respond better to methylprednisolone (MPONE) than to prednisone (PN) or vice-versa. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study is to compare MPONE to PN in terms of clinical response and on their effect on HPA axis in patients initiating GL treatment for PMR. <h3>Methods</h3> 53 PMR patients were randomized (ratio 1/1) to a fixed daily dose of PN (25 mg) or MPONE (20 mg) and the dose was tapered with a fixed scheme at the time of symptomatic relief. The clinical assessment and the measurement of ESR, CRP, fibrinogen, serum cortisol and ACTH were obtained at fixed time point (two weeks, and 3, 6, 12 months). <h3>Results</h3> A significant and comparable reduction of ESR and CRP levels was observed in both groups of patients. A clinical and biochemical remission of PMR was observed in 100% of the patients on MPONE and in 89% of the patients on PN. The mean time to achieve full remission after the first dose was significantly longer for PN (20.3 days) than with MPONE (15.2 days). This difference was mainly driven by 3 patients in whom the remission was achieved after 26-49 days. The mean levels of serum ACTH and cortisol were very similar in both treatment groups as well as the slopes relating equivalent steroid dose. <h3>Conclusions</h3> PN and MPONE have a similar therapeutic effect and suppression of the HPA axis in PMR patients. The results of this preliminary study suggest that a delayed response to PN may occur. Further studies are warranted in order to verify whether this might be related with different expression of 11β-HSD activity. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> : None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4564
Nonsecretory α-Chain Disease with Immunoproliferative Smallintestinal Disease
Authors: C Matuchansky, M Cogné, M Lemaire, P Babin, G Touhard, S Chamaret, J L Preud'homme
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

HEAVY-CHAIN diseases in humans, which have been described for the three main classes of immunoglobulins, are B-cell disorders in which proliferating cells produce truncated monoclonal heavy chains that lack associated light chains.1 The abnormal proteins have deletions of part or all of the variable region and of one or two constant domains, usually CH1. The normal sequence resumes at a position corresponding to the beginning of an exon.2 The heavy chains are synthesized as abnormally short chains.3 , 4 Recent studies in a few cases of μ–heavy-chain and γ-heavy-chain diseases have shown that the messenger RNA (mRNA) was short and . . .
MANAGEMENT OF FUNCTIONAL SPRINT FIDELIS IMPLANTABLE CARDIOVERTER-DEFIBRILLATOR LEADS AT CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY-DEFIBRILLATOR GENERATOR REPLACEMENT: AN ALTERNATIVE APPROACH FOR PREVENTION OF INAPPROPRIATE SHOCKS CAUSED BY LEAD FAILURE
Authors: Dennis Zhu, Matthew M. Chu, Kristen A. Lavell, Chad House
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Activity of a Specific Inhibitor of the BCR-ABL Tyrosine Kinase in the Blast Crisis of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia with the Philadelphia Chromosome
Authors: Brian J. Druker, Charles L. Sawyers, Hagop Kantarjian, Debra J. Resta, Sofia Fernandes Reese, John M. Ford, Renaud Capdeville, Moshe Talpaz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

BCR-ABL, a constitutively activated tyrosine kinase, is the product of the Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome. This enzyme is present in virtually all cases of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) throughout the course of the disease, and in 20 percent of cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). On the basis of the substantial activity of the inhibitor in patients in the chronic phase, we evaluated STI571 (formerly known as CGP 57148B), a specific inhibitor of the BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase, in patients who had CML in blast crisis and in patients with Ph-chromosome–positive ALL.
PTU-098 High Levels Of Emotional And Physical Distress Among Family Caregivers Of Individuals With Inflammatory Bowel Disease (ibd)
Authors: K Argyriou, A Kapsoritakis, S Potamianos
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> In chronic debilitating disorders, caregiving can be stressful and may contribute to serious illness and depression. However, in less debilitating disorders, such as IBD, limited data are available about the impact of the disease on caregiver’s well-being. Our aim was to identify the emotional and physical distress among family caregivers of IBD patients in order to provide preventive services to an at-risk but hidden population. <h3>Methods</h3> Over a 19 month period, in the tertiary referral centre for IBD in Central Greece, we interviewed 44 family caregivers of Crohn’s Disease (CD) and 41 of Ulcerative Colitis (UC) patients. Caregiver’s distress was assessed by using the caregiver self-assessment questionnaire “How Are You ?” of the American Medical Association. Disease activity was assessed using the Harvey-Bradshaw index for CD and Simple Colitis Activity Index for UC. A card with the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the population were also collected. The impact of each characteristic on caregiver’s well-being was studied with one and two way ANOVA. <h3>Results</h3> 84,7% of the caregivers showed high levels of emotional and physical distress with the majority of them to be middle-aged women (61.2%) with basic educational level (61,2%)and full-time employment (65,9%) at the time of the study. No significant difference found on the level of distress between caregivers of CD and those of UC patients. Factor analysis identified that female gender, active disease, disease related complications and long lasting disease had significant impact on the caregiver’s level of distress. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Family caregivers of IBD patients experience high levels of emotional and physical distress. Active disease, disease related complications, long lasting disease and female gender have significant impact on caregiver’s level of distress. It is necessary to organise a network to provide psychosocial services for the caregivers of IBD patients. <h3>References</h3> Epstein-Lubow G, <i>et al</i>. Evidence for the validity of the American Medical Association’s caregiver self-assessment questionnaire as a screening measure for depression. <i>J Am Geriatr Soc</i> 2010 Feb;58(2):387–8 Epstein-Lubow Family caregiving during healthy aging and illness. <i>Med Health R I</i>. 2012 Jul;95(7):222–3 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Anticipatory stress in children and adolescents
Authors: L Kiser, J Heston, S Hickerson, P Millsap, W Nunn, D Pruitt
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

Circumstances surrounding the New Madrid earthquake prediction on Dec. 3, 1990, offered a unique opportunity to study the effects of a disaster warning stage on children and adolescents.An initial structured interview was administered to 553 third- and 10th-grade students before December 3, with follow-up interviews conducted 6-8 weeks later.This study documents the existence of a mild but prevalent PTSD-like reaction that arose from exposure to a prediction of disaster.Further study of anticipatory stress reactions is needed to provide insights into the development of methods for providing support to children during disaster warnings.
Abstract 1501: Direct interaction between human pancreatic cancer stem cells and stromal cells remodels extracellular matrix formation for cancer stem cell niche
Authors: Yuichi Hori, Kazuya Shimizu, Sachie Chiba
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas consist of highly heterogeneous tumor cells that form tumor microenvironment cooperatively with stromal cells. Pancreatic cancer stem cells are reported to play important roles in chemotherapy and radiotherapy resistance. However, little is known about the microenvironment of pancreatic cancer stem cells. To investigate the microenvironment of pancreatic cancer stem cells with stromal cells, we isolated and characterized a novel subpopulation of pancreatic cancer stem cells, tentatively named KMC cells, from seven disseminated pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients. KMC cells required direct cell-cell contacts to stromal cells for their clonogenic growth. KMC cells had self-renewal capacity and in vivo tumorigenicity. In vitro experiments demonstrated that stromal cells induced extracellular matrix (ECM) formation with thin filament structures and KMC cells changed the thin filament structures to basic lamina-like thick and bundled filament structures where laminin proteins were enriched. Moreover, KMC cells induced mRNA expression of laminin-5α and collagen type-IV in stromal cells, major components of basic lamina, but reduced mRNA expression of collagen type-I, collagen type-III, and fibronectin-I in stromal cells, major components of ECM. Our findings demonstrated that pancreatic cancer stem cells have the potential to form their microenvironment with basic lamina-like structures cooperatively with stromal cells, suggesting that targeting KMC cells and KMC cell-induced basic lamina-like structures in cancer therapy may improve prognosis of disseminated pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1501. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1501
Do Practice Guidelines Guide Practice?
Authors: Jonathan Lomas, Geoffrey M. Anderson, Karin Domnick-Pierre, Eugene Vayda, Murray W. Enkin, Walter J. Hannah
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

Abstract Guidelines for medical practice can contribute to improved care only if they succeed in moving actual practice closer to the behaviors the guidelines recommend. To assess the effect of such guidelines, we surveyed hospitals and obstetricians in Ontario before and after the release of a widely distributed and nationally endorsed consensus statement recommending decreases in the use of cesarean sections. These surveys, along with discharge data from hospitals reflecting actual practice, revealed that most obstetricians (87 to 94 percent) were aware of the guidelines and that most (82.5 to 85 percent) agreed with them. Attitudes toward the use of cesarean section were congruent with the recommendations even before their release. One third of the hospitals and obstetricians reported changing their practice as a consequence of the guidelines, and obstetricians reported rates of cesarean section in women with a previous cesarean section that were significantly reduced, in keeping with the recommendations (from 72.2 percent to 61.1 percent; P<0.01). The surveys also showed, however, that knowledge of the content of the recommendations was poor (67 percent correct responses). Furthermore, data on actual practice after the publication of the guidelines showed that the rates of cesarean section were 15 to 49 percent higher than the rates reported by obstetricians, and they showed only a slight change from the previous upward trend. We conclude that guidelines for practice may predispose physicians to consider changing their behavior, but that unless there are other incentives or the removal of disincentives, guidelines may be unlikely to effect rapid change in actual practice. We believe that incentives should operate at the local level, although they may include system-wide economic changes. (N Engl J Med 1989;321:1306–11.)