tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas in 137 patients aged 70 years or older: a retrospective European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Lymphoma Group Study.
Authors: U Tirelli, V Zagonel, D Serraino, J Thomas, B Hoerni, A Tangury, U Ruhl, P Bey, N Tubiana, W P Breed
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1988)

The results of a European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) retrospective study on non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) in elderly patients (greater than or equal to 70 years of age) seen in Europe in 1984 are reported. A precodified form was sent to 55 European institutes in order to evaluate the incidence of NHL in the elderly with regard to natural history, treatment-related toxicity, response, and survival. Thirteen institutes participated in the study. One hundred thirty-seven cases of NHL were observed in the elderly during 1984, making up 28% of the total number of NHL seen in those institutes. The median age was 77 years; 21% of the patients had favorable (low-grade) and 73% unfavorable (intermediate- and high-grade) histology, according to the Working Formulation. Stage at presentation was localized (I and II) in 60% and advanced in 37% of the patients. Most of the physicians used standard therapy regimens at reduced doses, from the beginning of the treatment. Sixty patients (44%) underwent a "conservative" treatment (one or two antineoplastic drugs or local field radiotherapy) and 77 (56%) an "aggressive" treatment (polychemotherapy regimens or extended field radiotherapy). Response was similar between the two treatment groups, but severe and lethal toxicity was significantly higher among patients treated with aggressive therapy. Prospective randomized studies are clearly needed to define the optimal treatment in elderly patients with advanced unfavorable NHL.
Nonimmune Rosette Formation by Lymphoma and Leukemia Cells from Herpesvirus saimiri -Infected Owl Monkeys 2
Authors: William C. Wallen, Russell H. Neubauer, Harvey Rabin, John L. Cicmanec
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

Lymphocytes from Herpesvirus saimiri (HVS)-infected owl monkeys (Aotus trivirgatus) were obtained from various lymphoid organs and grown in vitro. Erythrocytes from 14 species of different animals were examined for their ability to form nonspecific rosettes with HVS-infected and normal lymphocytes. Sheep erythrocytes were the most frequently and consistently bound by both populations, though the HVS-infected lymphoid cells demonstrated a much greater binding frequency than did normal lymphocytes. Although most HVS lymphocytes in culture formed nonspecific rosettes with sheep erythrocytes, the HVS-lymphocyte cultures had few or no complement-reactive cells. Lymphocytes fresh from peripheral blood of one HVS-infected owl monkey also showed an increase in rosette-forming cells and a simultaneous decrease in lymphocytes with complement receptors. A variety of antisera failed to block the nonspecific sheep-erythryocyte rosette formation. Results suggest that in owl monkeys the HVS-infected lymphocytes may represent a subpopulation of cells related to thymus-derived lymphocytes.
Impact of mucinous histology on prognosis for patients with radically resected stage Dukes B2 and C colon cancer: Preliminary results
Authors: V. Catalano, F. Loupakis, R. Bisonni, U. Torresi, D. Santini, R. R. Silva, L. Giustini, A. Falcone, S. D’Emidio, M. Rocchi, F. Graziano
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

4126 Background: Previous reports have suggested that mucinous colorectal adenocarcinomas have a poorer prognosis than nonmucinous colorectal adenocarcinomas. This retrospective analysis was conducted to explore whether mucinous carcinoma (MC) is associated with a worse prognosis than nonmucinous carcinoma (NMC) for patients with Dukes B2 and C radically resected colon cancer. Methods: We investigated 1,006 unselected patients who underwent curative surgery for sporadic colon cancer and followed up at six Oncology Department between 1998 and 2006. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine prognostic factors of survival. Results: MC accounted for 17.9% (n=180) of all colon carcinomas. Patient characteristics were as follows. MC: M/F 104/76; median age, 68 (range, 28–97); pT1/2/3/4, 1/4/153/22; Dukes B2/C 98/82; invasion 26 (14%); ≥12 examined lymph nodes, 115 (64%); adjuvant chemotherapy, 110 (61%). NMC: M/F 445/381; median age, 68 (range, 29–95); pT1/2/3/4, 9/51/715/51; Dukes B2/C 384/442; invasion 199 (24%); ≥12 examined lymph nodes, 499 (60%); adjuvant chemotherapy, 545 (66%). MC were more frequently located in the proximal colon (54.4% versus 34.6% for NMC; p&lt;0.001). No difference between MC and NMC in disease-free survival (hazard ratio, HR 1.01; 95% CI, 0.76–1.36; p=0.92) and overall survival (HR 1.05; 95% CI, 0.74–1.49; p=0.78) was found. After stratification by stage of disease, MC and NMC had no statistically significant difference in 5-year disease-free survival (Dukes B2: 79.1% and 78.1%, respectively, p=0.86; Dukes C: 53.8% and 56.2%, respectively, p=0.58) and overall survival (Dukes B2: 84.2% and 85.5%, respectively, p=0.80; Dukes C: 68.0% and 67.3% p=0.52). Multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model showed that the clinically significant prognostic factors were stage at diagnosis (p&lt;0.0001), grading (p&lt;0.0001), and number of lymph node examined (p=0.0002) in the specimen. Conclusions: In this preliminary analysis, patients with mucinous histology who underwent surgery with curative intent for stage Dukes B2 and C colon cancer had similar prognosis compared to NMC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A collaborative demonstration project: Depression screening in patient with cancer
Authors: B. W. Adkins, T. Titus-Howard, V. Massey, N. Washburn, J. Molinaro, B. Lang, W. L. Bruning, K. Lanoue
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

18556 Background: A demonstration project testing the feasibly of implementing a depression screening work flow algorithm was initiated by the anti-depression committee at one of six ambulatory care sites in the Kansas City Cancer Center (KCCC) system. The object of the study was to develop a process of work flow that would assist in identifying patients with depression and facilitate appropriate interventions by providers. Methods: A flow chart was developed illustrating critical decision-making points in the screening for depression by physicians and nurse practitioners (NP). The population included half radiation therapy and the other half chemotherapy. Patients completed the PHQ-2 a two question prescreen to assess initial symptoms of depression, including feeling depressed, down or hopeless and/ or little interest or pleasure in activities. A positive response to one of these 2 questions prompted the administration of the PHQ-9 a validated depression screening instrument. The PHQ-9 scoring criteria was used to assist the physician and NP with taking the appropriate action such as the initiation of antidepressant therapy and/or referral to mental health provider, follow up for subsequent appointments and/or reassessment. Results: Seventy-one patients were tracked to evaluate the process of recognition and management of depression from April 2004 to January 2005. Of the 71 patients 37% (N = 26) scored positive on at least one question on the two question prescreen. Of the 26 patients scoring positive 27% (N = 7) of these patients had less than 3 follow up visits while 73 % (N = 19) had greater than 3 follow-up visits by the KCCC providers. Of the patients that answered positively to one of the two prescreen questions 69% (N = 18) completed the full PHQ-9 and their scores were recorded. Conclusions: The development of a new model in a community-based oncology practice allows for integrating clinically proven techniques for diagnosing and treating depression. It will allow for the committee to make recommendations for changes in the process before it is implemented on a larger scale at all KCCC outpatient sites. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
[<sup>18</sup>F]‐Fluorodeoxy‐<scp>d</scp>‐glucose uptake‐positive seborrhoeic keratosis on positron emission tomography may result from high expression of glucose transporter
Authors: T. Kariya, Y. Kato, A. Kanzaki, Y. Kanda, T. Ohara, R. Tsuboi
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2016)

[(18) F]-Fluorodeoxy-d-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) is known to be highly accurate in differentiating benign lesions from malignant lesions. In rare cases, benign tumours, viral infections and sarcoidosis of the skin have been reported to show FDG uptake, but the mechanism remains unclear. Here we report the first documented case of seborrhoeic keratosis (SK) showing increased FDG uptake. FDG PET-CT can be used to detect enhanced glycolysis of tumour cells by measuring increased levels of glucose transporters (GLUTs) indicative of higher glucose uptake. GLUT1 and GLUT3 expression in this case was compared with that in PET-negative SK and two normal skin samples using quantitative polymerase chain reaction with paraffin-embedded tissue. The expression of GLUT1 and GLUT3 was higher in PET-positive SK than in PET-negative SK or normal skin. More specifically, the expression of GLUT3 was observed only in the PET-positive case. This study revealed that high GLUT1 and GLUT3 expression in SK might be associated with the uptake of FDG.
Studies on Specificity of Cell-Mediated Immunity to Human Tumors&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: M Takasugi, M R Mickey, P I Terasaki
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Lymphocytes from patients with various cancers were tested for their cytotoxic activity against 45 target culture cells from human tumors. With a microassay in which the remaining target cells were counted electronically, 9294 combinations were tested. The specificity of the cell-mediated cytotoxic reactions against cultured tumor cells was found not to be associated with “histologic” types of cancer. For example, lymphocytes from patients with many types of tumors were as cytotoxic to breast cancer-derived target cells as were lymphocytes trom patients with breast cancer. Comparisons of tests performed on the same plate supported these conclusions.
Longitudinal assessment of physical and psychological function in older patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML): A pilot study
Authors: A. J. Schattner, H. Kermalli, V. Gupta, J. Brandwein, A. D. Schimmer, A. Schuh, R. W. Wells, M. D. Minden, S. M. H. Alibhai
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

8273 Background: Physical and psychological function in older patients with AML has not been studied previously. It is important to understand whether intensive treatment of leukemia adversely affects functional status in older patients. We evaluated the functional, mood, and cognitive changes over time in older patients with AML. Methods: All patients age 60 or greater with a new diagnosis of de novo or secondary AML were approached. Exclusion criteria were another actively treated malignancy, lack of English fluency and life expectancy less than 1 month. Baseline patient data collected included personal and medical information. Activities of daily living (ADL) were assessed by the Barthel Questionnaire and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) by the Lawton-Brody tool. The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) was given to assess mood. Cognition was assessed via the Folstein Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE). Follow up assessments were obtained 1, 4, and 6 months after entry into the study. Results: At present, 14 patients are enrolled in the study. 4 patients underwent conventional induction chemotherapy. The remainder received supportive care or were enrolled in a clinical trial. ADL and cognition scores were high at baseline in most patients and remain so in follow-up. This was observed regardless of treatment type. IADL scores were high at baseline and at one month but tended to drop by the 4-month follow up. GDS scores suggested mild depressive symptoms at baseline with some improvement at 1 month but worsening at the 4-month point. Conclusions: Older patients with AML had preserved cognition and ADL function between diagnosis and 6 months of follow up regardless of intensity of treatment. IADL performance began to deteriorate by the 4-month assessment. Mood initially improved but dropped off in many patients by 4 months. Physical and psychological function in older patients with AML needs further study. Follow up studies should examine the causes of functional decline seen over time and consider interventions to prevent or minimize the deterioration. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Induction of Pulmonary Tumors in Guinea Pigs by Intravenous Injection of Methylcholanthrene and Dibenzanthracene
Authors: W. E. Heston, Margaret K. Deringer
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1952)

Journal Article Induction of Pulmonary Tumors in Guinea Pigs by Intravenous Injection of Methylcholanthrene and Dibenzanthracene Get access W. E. Heston, W. E. Heston Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Margaret K. Deringer Margaret K. Deringer National Cancer Institute3Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 13, Issue 3, December 1952, Pages 705–717, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/13.3.705 Published: 01 December 1952 Article history Received: 29 July 1952 Published: 01 December 1952
Bacterial vaginosis: a synthesis of the literature on etiology, prevalence, risk factors, and relationship with chlamydia and gonorrhea infections
Authors: Christian T. Bautista, Eyako Wurapa, Warren B. Sateren, Sara Morris, Bruce Hollingsworth, Jose L. Sanchez
Journal: Military Medical Research (2016)

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common vaginal disorder in women of reproductive age. Since the initial work of Leopoldo in 1953 and Gardner and Dukes in 1955, researchers have not been able to identify the causative etiologic agent of BV. There is increasing evidence, however, that BV occurs when Lactobacillus spp., the predominant species in healthy vaginal flora, are replaced by anaerobic bacteria, such as Gardenella vaginalis, Mobiluncus curtisii, M. mulieris, other anaerobic bacteria and/or Mycoplasma hominis. Worldwide, it estimated that 20–30 % of women of reproductive age attending sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinics suffer from BV, and that its prevalence can be as high as 50–60 % in high-risk populations (e.g., those who practice commercial sex work (CSW). Epidemiological data show that women are more likely to report BV if they: 1) have had a higher number of lifetime sexual partners; 2) are unmarried; 3) have engaged in their first intercourse at a younger age; 4) have engaged in CSW, and 5) practice regular douching. In the past decade, several studies have provided evidence on the contribution of sexual activity to BV. However, it is difficult to state that BV is a STI without being able to identify the etiologic agent. BV has also emerged as a public health problem due to its association with other STIs, including: human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG). The most recent evidence on the association between BV and CT/NG infection comes from two secondary analyses of cohort data conducted among women attending STI clinics. Based on these studies, women with BV had a 1.8 and 1.9-fold increased risk for NG and CT infection, respectively. Taken together, BV is likely a risk factor or at least an important contributor to subsequent NG or CT infection in high-risk women. Additional research is required to determine whether this association is also present in other low-risk sexually active populations, such as among women in the US military. It is essential to conduct large scale cross-sectional or population-based case-control studies to investigate the role of BV as a risk factor for CT/NG infections. These studies could lead to the development of interventions aimed at reducing the burden associated with bacterial STIs worldwide.
Zika vaccine could be in production by year’s end, says maker
Authors: Owen Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2016)

A vaccine against the Zika virus could be in production later this year, said a Canadian developer who previously led the effort to develop the ZMapp treatment for Ebola virus disease.Gary Kobinger, head of vector design and immunotherapy in the special pathogens programme at Canada's National Microbiology Laboratory, told Reuters, "This vaccine is easy to produce.It could be cranked to very high levels in a really short time."Kobinger's laboratory is collaborating with a team at the University of Pennsylvania led by David Weiner and with Inovio Pharmaceuticals and GeneOne Life Science of South Korea.
Intake of Volatile Nitrosamines From Consumption of Alcohols&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: E A Walker, M Castegnaro, L Garren, G Toussaint, B Kowalski
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

Volatile nitrosamines were determined in alcoholic drinks during epidemiologic studies on the relationship between esophageal cancer incidence and alcohol consumption in Normandy, France. Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) was found commonly in most alcoholic drinks tested, with the exception of wine. The average level, about 2 μg/liter in beers, was higher than that for other drinks; the range was 0.2–8.6 μg/liter. Traces of nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) were also detected in spirits and ciders. No significant increases in levels were found after nitrosation. Calculation of daily intake in the study region showed that the main intake of volatile nitrosamine is from NDMA in beer. The intake of NDEA through consumption of cider is about one-third that of NDMA from all sources.
Abstract 066: MEF2-induced Loss of Sarcomeres is Mediated by an Alternative Splice Variant of DMPK
Authors: Ies Elzenaar, Inge van der Made, Wino J Wijnen, Elisabeth Ehler, Leon J De Windt, Yigal M Pinto, Ralph J van Oort
Journal: Circulation Research (2013)

The pathology of heart failure is characterized by poorly contracting and dilated ventricles. Although this is associated with lengthening of individual cardiomyocytes and loss of sarcomeres, the mechanism underlying these changes in cardiomyocyte structure remains to be elucidated. We have previously identified the transcription factor myocyte enhancer factor-2 (MEF2) as important trigger for adverse cardiomyocyte remodeling. Here, we use microarray analysis and gain- and loss- of function approaches to identify MEF2 target genes involved in structural remodeling of the cardiomyocyte. Isolated neonatal rat cardiomyocytes infected with adenoviruses expressing MEF2 underwent cellular elongation associated with loss of sarcomeric structure. Microarray analysis revealed myotonic dystrophy protein kinase (DMPK) as MEF2 target gene, which we verified by chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments. siRNA mediated knockdown of DMPK prevented MEF2-induced cardiomyocyte elongation and loss of sarcomeres. Interestingly, RT-PCR analysis of known DMPK splice variants demonstrated a relative increase of the DMPK E isoform in failing mouse hearts. To test the role of this specific splice isoform, we generated adenoviruses expressing DMPK E or a kinase dead mutant DMPK E. Overexpression of wildtype DMPK E, but not of the kinase dead mutant, in cardiomyocytes resulted in severe loss of sarcomeric structure. Moreover, quantitative PCR analysis showed a decrease in mRNA levels for several sarcomeric genes after overexpression of DMPK E. These genes are known targets of the transcription factor serum response factor (SRF) and DMPK is known to phosphorylate SRF. Therefore, we tested the effect of DMPK on SRF activity in luciferase experiments, which demonstrated that DMPK E is an inhibitor of SRF transcriptional activity. Our data indicate that MEF2 induces loss of sarcomeres, which is mediated by at least one specific splice variant of DMPK. Moreover, increased expression of this DMPK splice variant results in a decrease in sarcomeric gene expression, which possibly involves inhibition of SRF transcriptional activity. Together, these results assign a novel function to MEF2 and DMPK in adverse cardiomyocyte remodeling during heart failure development.
Comparison of induced and independent major depressive disorders in 2,945 alcoholics
Authors: M A Schuckit, J E Tipp, M Bergman, W Reich, V M Hesselbrock, T L Smith
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1997)

Objective: Depressive episodes among alcohol-dependent men and women are heterogeneous in causation and clinical course.This study tested three hypotheses regarding the rates and clinical characteristics of two potential subtypes of these affective states: those that appear to be substance-induced mood disorders and those that are independent major depressive episodes.Method: Semistructured, detailed interviews were administered to 2,945 alcohol-dependent subjects as part of the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism.With the use of a time line method for determining the type of mood disorder among probands, relatives, and comparison subjects, individuals with histories of the two types of mood disorders were compared.Results: Major depressive episodes with an onset before the development of alcohol dependence or during a subsequent long abstinence period (i.e., independent depressions) were observed in 15.2% of the alcoholics, while 26.4% reported at least one substance-induced depressive episode.According to a logistic regression analysis, the subjects with independent (as compared to substance-induced) major depressive episodes were more likely to be married, Caucasian, and female, to have had experience with fewer drugs and less treatment for alcoholism, to have attempted suicide, and, on the basis of personal interviews with family members, to have a close relative with a major mood disorder.Conclusions: These results support the contention that it is possible to differentiate between what appear to be substance-induced and independent depressive episodes in alcoholics.Such differentiation might be important for establishing prognosis and optimal treatment.