tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Influence of Sympathetic Nerve Stimulation on Right Ventricular Outflow-Tract Pressures in Anesthetized Dogs
Authors: JOHN B. PACE, WILLIAM F. KEEFE, J. ANDREW ARMOUR, WALTER C. RANDALL
Journal: Circulation Research (1969)

Stellate ganglion stimulation in the anesthetized, open-chest dog consistently resulted in the generation of pressure differences which averaged 20 mm Hg across the infundibular region of the right ventricle. Before stimulation, peak systolic pressures in the sinus and conus were closely matched. Peak sinus pressure showed an average increase of 184 and 162% during stimulation of the left and right stellate ganglia, respectively. Simultaneously, peak conus pressure showed average increases of 88 and 61% during left and right stellate ganglion stimulation, respectively. In addition, the maximal rate of intrasinus pressure development (dP/dt) was usually elevated above conus dP/dt, and this change contributed to the generation of early systolic pressure differences. Cervical vagosympathetic nerve stimulation following atropine administration also resulted in the generation of infundibular pressure differences, but the latter were less marked than those elicited during stellate ganglion stimulation. Elevations in main pulmonary arterial resistance abolished the induced pressure differences by allowing peak conus pressure to rise to the same extent as peak intrasinus pressure. Simultaneous electromagnetic flow recordings of pulmonary arterial blood flow during stellate ganglion stimulation revealed two- to five-fold increases in maximum flow acceleration with relatively little change in stroke volume. Infundibular pressure gradients which developed in early systole were associated with maximum flow changes in the pulmonary artery.
Molecular mechanisms of tumor necrosis factorα–stimulated leukocyte recruitment into the murine hepatic circulation
Authors: Alison Fox-Robichaud, Paul Kubes
Journal: Hepatology (2000)

To date, much of the adhesion work in the liver has been restricted to sinusoids and postsinusoidal venules. However, selectins have been localized on the portal (presinusoidal) venules and these vessels have been shown to be important in metastasis of tumors. The purpose of this study was to characterize the leukocyte-endothelial interactions within the 3 compartments of the hepatic microvasculature under baseline conditions and in response to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). Mice deficient in P-selectin or both E- and P-selectin were compared with wild-type (C57Bl/6, wild type) mice. Animals were injected with murine TNF-alpha (15 microg/kg intraperitoneally [IP]) and the liver was examined by fluorescence intravital microscopy 4 hours later. Under baseline conditions, leukocyte flux in the portal venules was 1.42 +/- 0.42 cells/min. Leukocyte flux in the portal venules of wild-type mice increased 8-fold in response to 4 hours of TNF-alpha stimulation. This was reduced by 50% in the P-selectin-deficient mice but was not reduced further by either the addition of an E-selectin antibody (9A9, 100 microg intravenously [IV]) to these mice or in mice deficient in both E- and P-selectin. In P-selectin-deficient mice, the addition of an antibody against alpha(4)-integrin (R1-2, 75 microg IP) reduced rolling to baseline. But in the E- and P-double-selectin-deficient mice the addition of an antibody against L-selectin (Mel 14, 3 microg/kg IV) had no effect on TNF-alpha-induced recruitment. Similar responses were seen in the central venules, however, in the sinusoids the increased number of stationary leukocytes seen in response to 4 hours of TNF-alpha stimulation in the wild-type mice was not reduced in P-selectin-deficient mice with or without the alpha(4)-integrin antibody. These data suggest that leukocytes can use alpha(4)-integrin independent of the selectins in the venules. Within the sinusoids, however, inhibition of E-selectin, P-selectin, and alpha(4)-integrin was insufficient to reduce leukocyte recruitment.
Relationship between cutaneous allergen response and airway allergen‐induced eosinophilia
Authors: M.‐E. Boulay, M.‐C. Lemieux, F. Deschesnes, L.‐P. Boulet
Journal: Allergy (2003)

Determinants of changes in airway caliber after allergen challenge include nonallergic airway responsiveness, immune response and dose of allergen given. However, determinants of the airway inflammatory response to allergens remain to be determined.To assess the relationship between skin reactivity to airborne allergens and lower airway eosinophilic response to allergen exposure in asthma and allergic rhinitis.Forty-two subjects with mild allergic asthma (mean age 24 years) and 14 nonasthmatic subjects with allergic rhinitis (mean age 25 years) had allergen skin prick tests and titration with the allergen chosen for subsequent challenge. On a second visit, 31 asthmatic subjects had a conventional challenge while 11 asthmatic subjects and all rhinitic subjects had a low-dose allergen challenge over four subsequent days. Induced sputum samples were obtained at 6 and 24 h after the conventional challenge and at days 2 and 4 of the low-dose challenge.In the asthmatic group, there was a weak correlation between wheal diameter induced by the concentration used for challenge and increase in eosinophils 6 h postconventional challenge (r = 0.372, P = 0.05), but no correlation was observed following the low-dose challenge. Rhinitic subjects showed a correlation between wheal diameter with the allergen dose used for bronchoprovocation and increase in eosinophils at day 2 of low dose (r = 0.608, P = 0.02).This study suggests that immediate immune responsiveness to allergen, assessed by the magnitude of the skin response, is a significant determinant of allergen-induced airway eosinophilia and can help to predict the airway inflammatory response.
Two Different Mechanisms of Myocardial Ischemia Involving 2 Separate Myocardial Segments in a Patient With Normal Coronary Angiography
Authors: Marco Magnoni, Antonio Esposito, Stefano Coli, Lea Scuteri, Francesco De Cobelli, Domenico Cianflone, Alessandro Del Maschio, Attilio Maseri
Journal: Circulation (2010)
Conversion-To-Resectability Chemotherapy for Liver Metastases of Colorectal Cancer: Updated Results of Relevant Multicenter Trial
Authors: Davorin Radosavljevic, Vladimir Kovcin, Svetislav Vrbic, Dusan Jovanovic, Dino Tarabar, Marija Ristic, Zafir Murtezani, Aleksandra Pantelic, Ivan Nikolic, Nebojsa Manojlovic
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2013)
Degrasyn Activates Proteasomal-Dependent Degradation of c-Myc
Authors: Geoffrey Bartholomeusz, Moshe Talpaz, William Bornmann, Ling-Yuan Kong, Nicholas J. Donato
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract c-Myc is a highly unstable transcription factor whose deregulation and increased expression are associated with cancer. Degrasyn, a small synthetic molecule, induces rapid degradation of c-Myc protein in MM-1 multiple myeloma and other tumor cell lines. Destruction of c-Myc by degrasyn requires the presence of a region of c-Myc between amino acid residues 316 and 378 that has not previously been associated with c-Myc stability. Degrasyn-induced degradation of c-Myc depends on proteasomes but is independent of the degron regions previously shown to be important for ubiquitin-mediated targeting and proteasomal destruction of the protein. Degrasyn-dependent c-Myc proteolysis is not mediated by any previously identified c-Myc regulatory mechanism, does not require new protein synthesis, and does not depend on the nuclear localization of c-Myc. Degrasyn reduced c-Myc levels in A375 melanoma cells and in A375 tumors in nude mice, and this activity correlated with tumor growth inhibition. Together, these results suggest that degrasyn reduces the stability of c-Myc in vitro and in vivo through a unique signaling process that uses c-Myc domains not previously associated with c-Myc regulation. [Cancer Res 2007;67(8):3912–8]
A woman with pain and weakness in both legs
Authors: S. Wang, W. Wang, X.-y. Dong, J. Peng
Journal: BMJ (2014)

A 49 year old woman was admitted with a four month history of progressive pain and weakness in both of her legs. Physical examination showed bilateral tenderness of the hips and sacroiliac joints, along with a decline in muscle strength and tension of the lower limbs. Magnetic resonance imaging was requested (fig 1⇓). No lytic bone lesions were detected by radiography. Plasma cells made up less than 2% of nucleated cells in a bone marrow aspirate and biopsy sample, and there was no evidence of a plasma cell neoplasm. No monoclonal proteins were found on electrophoresis or immunofixation of the serum or urine. She did not have anaemia, renal insufficiency, or hypercalcaemia. Phenotyping of peripheral blood lymphocytes showed that the proportion of CD16+CD56+CD3− natural killer cells (5.34%) was low compared with the reference values in our laboratory (14.91%, standard deviation 4.87% in 68 healthy controls). No disturbance in the CD4 to CD8 ratio was noted.1





### 1. What do the magnetic resonance images show?

#### Short answer

Both T1 weighted and T2 weighted imaging show a mass that is slightly hypointense relative to the spinal cord. Homogeneous enhancement of the mass and a dural tail sign were also seen after intravenous injection of gadolinium-diethylenetriaminepenta-acetate (Gd-DTPA).

#### Long answer

Magnetic resonance imaging showed a 2.2×1.1×1.3 cm mass at the T11-T12 vertebral level, which was attached to the dura mater by a broad base; the adjacent spinal cord was deformed as a result of compression. It was slightly hypointense relative to the spinal …
Bacterial Endocarditis Caused by Oerskovia turbata
Authors: L. BARTH RELLER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Oerskovia turbata is a yellow, motile actinomycete, which before now has only been found in soil and has not been known to cause disease in man or animals. It was isolated from 29 cultures of blood taken during 6 months from an urban pensioner after homograft replacement of his aortic valve. The combination of ampicillin, sulfamethoxazole, and trimethoprim was lethal for O. turbata in vitro; however, antimicrobial therapy alone failed to eradicate the patient's infection. Cure was achieved after the infected homograft was replaced with a prosthetic aortic valve. Although the source of O. turbata in this patient is unknown, sterilization of homograft valves with antimicrobial solutions is difficult. Moreover, environmental contamination during cardiopulmonary bypass is common. Oerskovia turbata is another opportunistic pathogen of man.
Dextran vs Heparin in Thrombophlebitis
Authors: John A. Moncrief
Journal: JAMA (1965)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I appreciate very much the interest manifested by Drs. Gurewich and Thomas. In general, the points made by their letter are valid ones as far as they go. While I realize there are limitations to what one can include in such a letter, it appears there are obvious omissions. The term "nonembolic thrombophlebitis" is certainly a legitimate one and used simply to indicate that significant clinical evidence of embolization had not occurred in the treatment group, except in those patients who were considered too poor a risk for surgery and were failures on heparin anticoagulant therapy. We do not feel anything short of effective surgical intervention is to be recommended in the embolic cases. Should Drs. Gurewich and Thomas feel heparin alone is the therapy of choice here, they certainly are in the small minority. While the effect of heparin on certain aspects of altered pulmonary physiology
CHANGES IN THE PLASMA PROTEIN PATTERN (TISELIUS ELECTROPHORETIC TECHNIC) OF PATIENTS WITH HYPERTENSION AND DOGS WITH EXPERIMENTAL RENAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Lena A. Lewis, Irvine H. Page
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1947)

The plasma protein pattern of patients with uncomplicated essential hypertension showed only slight variations from the normal while that of patients with severely malignant hypertension showed marked shifts. The fibrinogen and beta-globulins were usually elevated beyond the normal range and the albumin decreased. In less severely malignant hypertension, the changes were less marked. In dogs with experimental renal hypertension, the gamma-globulin level was greatly elevated, and in one animal exhibiting the malignant syndrome beta-globulin and fibrinogen were also increased. Elevation of beta-globulin seems in some manner associated with the occurrence of severe vascular disease.
The mind in the mind of the beholder: Elucidating relational influences on early social understanding
Authors: Ross A. Thompson, H. Abigail Raikes
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2004)

Relational experiences shape emergent social understanding, and two influences deserve particular attention. First, parent-child conversation about shared experiences incorporates both implicit and explicit information about mental states that catalyzes the social construction of understanding, especially in juxtaposition with the child's direct experience. Second, emotion infuses the contexts and cognitions about social experiences that provoke the child's constructivist efforts.
Severe chronic graft-versus-host disease is characterized by a preponderance of CD4+ effector memory cells relative to central memory cells
Authors: Kouhei Yamashita, Uimook Choi, Patricia C. Woltz, Susan F. Foster, Michael C. Sneller, Francis T. Hakim, Daniel H. Fowler, Michael R. Bishop, Steven Z. Pavletic, Marisa Tamari, Kathleen Castro, A. John Barrett, Richard W. Childs, Gabor G. Illei, Susan F. Leitman, Harry L. Malech, Mitchell E. Horwitz
Journal: Blood (2004)
Polyarteritis nodosa associated with acute cytomegalovirus infection.
Authors: M Doherty, J W Bradfield
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1981)

A case of polyarteritis nodosa is described in which the onset of the disease was associated with acute infection by cytomegalovirus. Peripheral neuropathy was the predominant clinical feature, and death occurred 4 years after the onset. This is the first recorded case of polyarteritis in which cytomegalovirus is of possible aetiological significance.
A DEPRESSION OF CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY TO MEASLES ANTIGEN IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS
Authors: Virginia Utermohlen, John B. Winfield, John B. Zabriskie, Henry G. Kunkel
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1974)

Using the direct migration inhibition test, response to measles antigen in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was found to be decreased when compared with that of normal subjects. No alteration was observed in similar experiments using parainfluenza type 1 and rubella antigens. The specific decrease in measles antigen effect showed no obvious correlation with activity of SLE or with the presence of lymphocytotoxic antibodies. Whether the specificity of the decrease in reactivity is due to some particular relationship between the measles virus or antigen and SLE, or to the possibility that measles reactivity is a more sensitive indicator of a generalized defect of cell-mediated immunity, remains unclear.
THE CARDIAC FACTOR IN THE "PRESSOR" EFFECTS OF RENIN AND ANGIOTONIN
Authors: W. H. Philip Hill, E. Cowles Andrus
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1941)

Upon the isolated hearts of cats perfused with Ringer-Locke solution renin produced no significant effect. Angiotonin, on the other hand, brought about decrease in coronary flow and increase in amplitude of beat without any consistent effect upon heart rate. Both renin and angiotonin augmented the cardiac output and raised the "arterial" pressure in the Starling heart-lung preparation; here too without influence on the heart rate. Electrocardiograms recorded before, during and after the pressor effects of renin and angiotonin in the anesthetized cat showed no abnormalities until the blood pressure had risen above 190 mm. Hg when various types of cardiac arrhythmias appeared. These were prevented, or normal rhythm was restored, by cutting the vagus nerves or injecting atropine. It is concluded that the "pressor" effects of renal pressor substances include direct stimulation of the myocardium and augmentation of ventricular beat. Unless these actions lead to excessive decrease in diastolic volume of the ventricles, the cardiac output will be increased. The significance of this in the production of the pressor effect is discussed.
Interleukin-8 activates coagulation and correlates with survival after talc pleurodesis
Authors: A. Montes-Worboys, J. A. Rodriguez-Portal, E. Arellano-Orden, J. Digón-Pereiras, F. Rodriguez-Panadero
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2009)

The aim of our study was to investigate whether interleukin (IL)-8 activates systemic coagulation after talc pleurodesis in malignant pleural effusion (MPE), and whether levels of IL-8 in plasma are related to early death after talc pleurodesis. IL-8 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α were measured in samples from 231 MPE patients before and after talc pleurodesis. Whole blood from 31 healthy volunteers was incubated with IL-8, TNF-α and thromboplastin for 3 h in vitro , and thrombin-antithrombin (TAT) levels were measured. The same stimulation of blood samples was repeated using doses of calibrated talc. Nine, 12 and 17 patients died within 7, 10 and 15 days respectively. IL-8 was elevated in 102 patients within 48 h, and thrombotic events were observed in six of those patients. Survival correlated inversely with IL-8 at 24 and 48 h, and a significant correlation was also found between IL-8 and TAT. A positive dose–dependent correlation with TAT production was observed when blood was stimulated with IL-8 in vitro . However, there was no significant response to stimulation with talc, as compared with control blood samples. IL-8 is involved in the activation of coagulation that may occur after talc pleurodesis, and might also be implicated in early death of patients with MPE.
Maternal and child's vitamin D supplement use and vitamin D level in relation to childhood lung function: the KOALA Birth Cohort Study
Authors: E. Cremers, C. Thijs, J. Penders, E. Jansen, M. Mommers
Journal: Thorax (2011)

<h3>Background</h3> Vitamin D is associated with lung function in adults, but its relation with childhood lung function is still unclear. <h3>Objective</h3> To investigate whether prenatal and postnatal vitamin D supplementation and plasma level is associated with childhood lung function. <h3>Methods</h3> In the KOALA Birth Cohort Study, children9s lung function (n=436) was measured at age 6–7 years by means of spirometry and presented as forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV<sub>1</sub>) z scores and forced vital capacity z scores. The mother and child9s 25-hydroxyvitamin D plasma level was determined around 36 weeks of pregnancy and at age 2 years. Vitamin D supplement intake during pregnancy was defined based on the amount of vitamin D in supplements, and trimester and duration of use. Data on child9s vitamin D supplement use were collected through questionnaires at ages 1, 2 and 6–7 years. <h3>Results</h3> 25-Hydroxyvitamin D level and vitamin D supplement use in childhood were not associated with lung function. Maternal use of vitamin D at &lt;10 μg/day (adjusted beta (AdjB −0.37; 95% CI −0.69 to −0.05)), vitamin D containing multivitamin use in the second and/or third trimester (AdjB −0.26; 95% CI −0.49 to −0.03), and use for two trimesters (AdjB −0.25; 95% CI −0.49 to −0.02) were associated with a significantly lower FEV<sub>1</sub> z score compared with no supplements. Maternal use of vitamin D at ≥10 μg/day and use in the first or all trimesters was not associated with significantly lower lung function levels. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The authors found no association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, vitamin D supplementation in childhood or recommended vitamin D dosage of ≥10 μg/day during pregnancy and lung function in children aged 6–7 years.
Topoisomerase II-alpha (TOP2A) gene co-amplification does not predict response to therapy and survival in Her-2 neu positive metastatic breast cancer
Authors: A. Kapoor, S. Chow, R. Bhargava, U. Surti, M. Rosenzweig, M. Vuga, A. Brufsky
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

21108 Background: Preliminary data from a phase III trial of adjuvant traztuzumab (BCIRG, SABCS 2005, abstract 1045) suggested that co-amplification of the genes for HER2 and topisomerase II alpha (TOP2A) on chromosome 17 resulted in improved disease free survival with chemotherapy regimens containing both and anthracycline and traztuzumab. We sought to determine if co-amplification of HER2 and TOP2A was a predictor of response and benefit (or lack thereof) to herceptin containing chemotherapy in the metastatic setting, since few women receive both therapies concurrently for MBC. Methods: A tissue mircoarray (TMA) with 3-fold redundancy was constructed using 0.6mm cores from primary or metatstatic paraffin embedded tumor from 124 cases from Magee-Women's Hospital which were Her2 2+ or 3+ by IHC, or amplified by FISH, on pathology report. Four micron thick TMA sections were used for HER2 immunohistochemical (CB11 monoclonal antibody, Ventana Medical Systems, Tucson, AZ) and HER2 and TOP2A FISH analysis (HER2/CEP 17 and TOP2A/CEP 17 dual color probes from Vysis Inc. Downers Grove, IL). HER2 (or TOP2A) gene to chromosome 17 ratios of 2.0 or more was considered as amplification. Results: Tissue blocks from 52 tumors delivered clearly interpretable amplification for Her2 by FISH on reanalysis. The remaining 72 tumors are undergoing further reanalysis. Of the 52 tumors with Her2 amplification, 15 (29%) had co- amplification of TOP2A. Median survival was 44 months (95% CI, 31–69) for women with TOP2A coamplified tumors and 35 months (95% CI, 29- 63) for women with non-coamplified tumors (p=0.448, NS). Median time to progression on first therapy was 17 months (95% CI, 14–20) for women with TOP2A coamplified tumors and 15 months (95% CI, 12–17) for women with non-coamplified tumors (p=0.939, NS) Conclusions: In this analysis, TOP2A and HER2 gene co-amplification did not correlate with worse TTP on first metatstatic therapy or worse OS from metatstatic disease. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococci
Authors: Robert J. Rubin
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Recently, O'Toole et al called attention to an outbreak of methicillin-resistant<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>(<b>213:</b>257,1970). We have reviewed the problem of methicillin resistance at Memorial Hospital for Cancer and Allied Diseases, New York, during a six-year period ( Feb 24, 1964 to Nov 25, 1969).. We were concerned whether methicillin resistance was occurring and could be reliably established by routine disk methods in a diagnostic microbiology laboratory. Antibiotic sensitivity was determined in the microbiology laboratory of the hospital by the disk sensitivity method; 5μg methicillin, 1μg oxacillin, and 30μg cephalothin disks were used. Of 6,209 cultures containing coagulase-positive<i>S aureus</i>, 168 (2.7%) were resistant to methicillin during the study period. Of the 168 only 66 (1.1%) were resistant to both methicillin and oxacillin. Our hospital laboratory began testing the sensitivity of<i>S aureus</i>to cephalothin on April 13, 1966. From that time until the conclusion of the study,