tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THU0417 Occupation and Risk of Developing Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: A. Ilar, C. Bengtsson, L. Klareskog, L. Alfredsson
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> The etiology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is still fairly unknown. Finding occupations associated with the risk of disease could generate knowledge about occupational hazards that might be involved in disease development. <h3>Objectives</h3> The study explored the association between occupation and the risk of developing anti-citrullinated protein antibody-positive (ACPA+) RA or anti-citrullinated protein antibody-negative (ACPA-) RA in men and women. <h3>Methods</h3> The Epidemiological Investigation of Rheumatoid Arthritis (EIRA) study is a population-based case-control study, which enrolls newly diagnosed cases of RA in defined geographic areas of Sweden. Participants were 18-70 years of age. In total, 2,886 cases and 4,072 controls participated in the study. A questionnaire was collected to obtain information on occupational history and lifestyle factors. Blood samples were taken for serologic analyses. Logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) of RA due to last occupation before onset of disease symptoms in men and women separately. <h3>Results</h3> Among women, nurses had a reduced risk whereas assistant nurses, retail salesmen and machine fitters &amp; assemblers had an increased risk of ACPA+ RA. Female attendants in psychiatric care had an increased risk while social workers had a reduced risk of ACPA- RA. Female business administrators had a reduced risk of RA, independent of ACPA status. Among men, wholesalers &amp; retailers had a reduced risk whereas construction machine operators had an increased risk of ACPA+ RA. Men who worked as systems analysts had a decreased risk, while architects &amp; engineers &amp; technical workers, cargo &amp; van drivers and machine &amp; engine repairers had an increased risk of ACPA- RA. Male electricians were associated with an increased risk, whereas business administrators and advertisement workers had reduced point estimates in RA independent of ACPA status. Adjusting for smoking mainly affected the risk of developing ACPA+ RA. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This study found associations between several occupations and onset of RA. Considering sex and ACPA status were of considerable relevance. Differences were detected between men and women, where elevated risks among women were mainly seen in the health care sector, whereas increased risks among men were detected in mechanical and technical occupations. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> : None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4989
Radiotherapy: a novel treatment for pneumothorax
Authors: Y. E. Ong, A. Sheth, N. J. Simmonds, S. Heenan, R. Allan, J. P. Glees, B. P. Madden
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2006)

Pneumothorax is a relatively common condition that is usually managed either conservatively, by chest tube drainage or, if a refractory air leak persists, then with cardiothoracic intervention. However, there is a small group of patients with a persistent air leak in whom surgical intervention is felt to be inappropriate. This study looks at a novel management strategy in a patient presenting with this scenario. A male with underlying bullous lung disease presented with a right pneumothorax. Complete re-expansion was not achieved, despite chest tube drainage and suction. Cardiothoracic intervention was felt to be inappropriate and the air leak persisted despite prolonged conservative management. Ventilation scintigraphy was therefore used to localise the air leak prior to targeted radiotherapy in an attempt to seal the leak via radiation-induced fibrosis. Three weeks after the first fraction of radiotherapy, the air leak ceased. In complex cases of pneumothorax with persistent air leak where cardiothoracic intervention is deemed inappropriate, identification of the air leak site and localised radiotherapy could be considered.
Issues at the interface between primary and secondary care in the management of common respiratory disease bullet 3: Providing better asthma care: what is there left to do?
Authors: R. G Neville, B. G Higgins
Journal: Thorax (1999)

The care of patients with asthma impinges on all levels of the health service and is a major component of the workload of general practices, accident and emergency departments, and medical outpatient clinics. Asthma is a frequent cause of hospital admission and a major contributor to the workload of on-call co-operatives and the ambulance service. It is therefore appropriate that asthma has become a high profile disease and the subject of numerous initiatives at both primary and secondary care levels.

Because of the variable nature of asthma and the wide spectrum of severity, it is a prime example of a disease where all health care professionals should work to a common strategy, providing consistent care. In an ideal world these professionals would sit down together and agree core strategies for implementing guidelines, new therapies and assessment tools, and referral and follow up procedures. We do not live in an ideal world. This review addresses some of the areas in which primary and secondary health care professionals could work together to improve the care of patients with asthma.

### THE NEED FOR A COMMON ASSESSMENT TOOL

There is a need to establish a common assessment tool which is equally acceptable to primary and secondary care, and which could serve as the basis of shared care for audit purposes. The basic simplistic approach of asking “how are you” and being told “fine” is a good way to finish a clinic early but a bad way of assessing asthma control. An in depth interview on life style and attitudes with comprehensive pulmonary function tests is equally inappropriate as a pragmatic means of assessing control in a busy clinic.

A recent Royal College of Physicians symposium (M Pearson, personal communication) addressed this issue, reviewing work on questionnaires, the Jones morbidity index, and the Tayside asthma stamp. A consensus view identified three core …
Possible role of human herpesvirus 8 in the lymphoproliferative disorders in common variable immunodeficiency
Authors: William H. Wheat, Carlyne D. Cool, Yoshikazu Morimoto, Pradeep R. Rai, Charles H. Kirkpatrick, Barbara A. Lindenbaum, Christopher A. Bates, Misoo C. Ellison, Amanda E. Serls, Kevin K. Brown, John M. Routes
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2005)

Patients who have common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) and granulomatous/lymphocytic interstitial lung disease (GLILD) are at high risk for early mortality and B cell lymphomas. Infection with human herpes virus type 8 (HHV8), a B cell lymphotrophic virus, is linked to lymphoproliferative disorders in people who have secondary immunodeficiencies. Therefore, we determined the prevalence of HHV8 infection in CVID patients with GLILD. Genomic DNA isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells was screened by nested- and real time-quantitative PCR (QRT-PCR) for the presence of HHV8 genome. It was positive in 6/9 CVID patients with GLILD (CVID-GLILD), 1/21 CVID patients without GLILD (CVID-control), and no patients receiving intravenous gamma globulin (n = 13) or normal blood donors (n = 20). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) demonstrated expression of the latency-associated nuclear antigen-1 (LANA-1) in the biopsies of the lung, liver, and bone marrow of four patients with CVID-GLILD. One CVID-GLILD patient developed a B cell lymphoma during the course of the study. QRT-PCR demonstrated high copy number of HHV8 genome and IHC showed diffuse staining for LANA-1 in the malignant lymph node. HHV8 infection may be an important factor in the pathogenesis of the interstitial lung disease and lymphoproliferative disorders in patients with CVID.
Enhancement of Cancer Radiation Therapy by Use of Adenovirus-Mediated Secretable Glucose-Regulated Protein 94/gp96 Expression
Authors: Shanling Liu, He Wang, Zhonghui Yang, Takashi Kon, Jiangao Zhu, Yiting Cao, Fang Li, John Kirkpatrick, Christopher V. Nicchitta, Chuan-Yuan Li
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Tumor-derived glucose-regulated protein 94 (GRP94/gp96) has shown great promise as a tumor vaccine. However, current protein-based approaches require the availability of large quantities of tumor tissue, which are often not possible. In addition, the efficacy of immunotherapy is often not ideal when used alone. In this study, we explored the therapeutic efficacy of a combined GRP94/gp96-based genetic immunotherapy and radiation therapy strategy in the weakly immunogenic and highly metastatic 4T1 murine mammary cancer model. An adenovirus encoding a modified, secretable form of GRP94 gene (AdsGRP94) was constructed and evaluated in various antitumor experiments. Lethally irradiated, virus-infected cells were used as vaccines. Adenoviral vectors were also injected directly into tumors in conjunction with tumor irradiation. Vaccination with lethally irradiated, AdsGRP94-infected 4T1 cells completely prevented subsequent tumor growth from challenge inoculations of as many as 107 cells per mouse. In established tumor models, vaccinations alone had minimal effect on local and metastatic tumor growth. However, when vaccination was combined with radiation therapy and i.t. AdsGRP94 injections, local tumor growth and pulmonary metastasis were markedly inhibited. In some cases, complete tumor regression was observed. In these cases, the mice were resistant to subsequent tumor challenge and remain tumor free up to 10 months after initial therapy. Our results indicate that combined AdsGRP94-based immunotherapy and radiation therapy may be a potentially effective strategy for cancer treatment.
ΔNp73, A Dominant-Negative Inhibitor of Wild-type p53 and TAp73, Is Up-regulated in Human Tumors
Authors: Alex I. Zaika, Neda Slade, Susan H. Erster, Christine Sansome, Troy W. Joseph, Michael Pearl, Eva Chalas, Ute M. Moll
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2002)

p73 has significant homology to p53. However, tumor-associated up-regulation of p73 and genetic data from human tumors and p73-deficient mice exclude a classical Knudson-type tumor suppressor role. We report that the human TP73 gene generates an NH2 terminally truncated isoform. ΔNp73 derives from an alternative promoter in intron 3 and lacks the transactivation domain of full-length TAp73. ΔNp73 is frequently overexpressed in a variety of human cancers, but not in normal tissues. ΔNp73 acts as a potent transdominant inhibitor of wild-type p53 and transactivation-competent TAp73. ΔNp73 efficiently counteracts transactivation function, apoptosis, and growth suppression mediated by wild-type p53 and TAp73, and confers drug resistance to wild-type p53 harboring tumor cells. Conversely, down-regulation of endogenous ΔNp73 levels by antisense methods alleviates its suppressive action and enhances p53- and TAp73-mediated apoptosis. ΔNp73 is complexed with wild-type p53, as demonstrated by coimmunoprecipitation from cultured cells and primary tumors. Thus, ΔNp73 mediates a novel inactivation mechanism of p53 and TAp73 via a dominant-negative family network. Deregulated expression of ΔNp73 can bestow oncogenic activity upon the TP73 gene by functionally inactivating the suppressor action of p53 and TAp73. This trait might be selected for in human cancers.
Chronic groin pain in an amateur soccer player
Authors: C Cetin, U Sekir, Y Yildiz, T Aydin, F Ors, T A Kalyon
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2004)

Chronic groin pain is common in soccer players because of the biomechanics of kicking causing recurrent stress to the abdominal muscles, groin flexors, and adductor muscles. Myositis ossificans in adductor muscles is a rare cause of chronic groin pain in soccer players. Only two cases have been reported and the iliopsoas muscle was involved in both. This case report emphasises the importance of direct radiography for diagnosis in chronic groin pain and is a reminder that the development of myositis ossificans in the adductor muscles may be a cause.
Tumor Angiogenesis: Iris Neovascularization at a Distance From Experimental Intraocular Tumors2
Authors: Michael A. Gimbrone, Stephen B. Leapman, Ramzi S. Cotran, Judah Folkman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

Journal Article Tumor Angiogenesis: Iris Neovascularization at a Distance From Experimental Intraocular Tumors Get access Michael A. Gimbrone, Jr., M.D., Michael A. Gimbrone, Jr., M.D. Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital Medical Center; Harvard Pathology Unit, Mallory Institute of Pathology; and Departments of Surgery and Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Stephen B. Leapman, M.D., Stephen B. Leapman, M.D. Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital Medical Center; Harvard Pathology Unit, Mallory Institute of Pathology; and Departments of Surgery and Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Ramzi S. Cotran, M.D., Ramzi S. Cotran, M.D. Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital Medical Center; Harvard Pathology Unit, Mallory Institute of Pathology; and Departments of Surgery and Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Judah Folkman, M.D. Judah Folkman, M.D. 5 Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital Medical Center; Harvard Pathology Unit, Mallory Institute of Pathology; and Departments of Surgery and Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 5Address reprint requests to: Dr. Judah Folkman, Children's Hospital Medical Center, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 50, Issue 1, January 1973, Pages 219–228, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/50.1.219 Published: 01 January 1973 Article history Received: 25 July 1972 Accepted: 20 September 1972 Published: 01 January 1973
Allergy to <i>Ficus benjamina</i> (weeping fig) in nonatopic subjects
Authors: I. G. K. Axelsson
Journal: Allergy (1995)

Occupational allergy to Ficus benjamina (Fb), or weeping fig, occurs in about one in four plant‐keepers. Sensitization to this plant occurs in about 3–4°. of persons with clear‐cut atopy. I now report on four female nonatopic patients with rhinoconjunctivitis who were sensitized only to weeping fig. All four had a positive skin prick test and RAST test to Fb. The identification of a preventable respiratory allergen is of considerable importance for the patient. Inclusion of Fb in the standard prick test panel may therefore be considered. Furthermore, the findings suggest that it may be unwise to choose Fb as an ornamental indoor plant.
Histone Deacetylase Is a Target of Valproic Acid-Mediated Cellular Differentiation
Authors: Nadia Gurvich, Oxana M. Tsygankova, Judy L. Meinkoth, Peter S. Klein
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract Valproic acid (VPA), a well-established therapy for seizures and bipolar disorder, has recently been shown to inhibit histone deacetylases (HDACs). Similar to more widely studied HDAC inhibitors, VPA can cause growth arrest and induce differentiation of transformed cells in culture. Whether this effect of VPA is through inhibition of HDACs or modulation of another target of VPA has not been tested. We have used a series of VPA analogs to establish a pharmacological profile for HDAC inhibition. We find that VPA and its analogs inhibit multiple HDACs from class I and class II (but not HDAC6 or HDAC10) with a characteristic order of potency in vitro. These analogs also induce hyperacetylation of core histones H3 and H4 in intact cells with an order of potency that parallels in vitro inhibition. VPA and VPA analogs induce differentiation in hematopoietic cell lines in a p21-dependent manner, and the order of potency for induction of differentiation parallels the potencies for inhibition in vitro, as well as for acetylation of histones associated with the p21 promoter, supporting the argument that differentiation caused by VPA is mediated through inhibition of HDACs. These findings provide additional evidence that VPA, a well-tolerated, orally administered drug with extensive clinical experience, may serve as an effective chemotherapeutic agent through targeting of HDACs.
Public Health and Air Pollution in Asia (PAPA): A Multicity Study of Short-Term Effects of Air Pollution on Mortality
Authors: Chit-Ming Wong, Nuntavarn Vichit-Vadakan, Haidong Kan, Zhengmin Qian
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2008)

Although the deleterious effects of air pollution from fossil fuel combustion have been demonstrated in many Western nations, fewer studies have been conducted in Asia. The Public Health and Air Pollution in Asia (PAPA) project assessed the effects of short-term exposure to air pollution on daily mortality in Bangkok, Thailand, and in three cities in China: Hong Kong, Shanghai, and Wuhan.
The early origins hypothesis with an emphasis on growth rate in the first year of life and asthma: a prospective study in Chile
Authors: R J Rona
Journal: Thorax (2005)

<h3>Abstract</h3> The expression of <i>dctA</i>, encoding the aerobic C<sub>4</sub>-dicarboxylate (C<sub>4</sub>-DC) transporter DctA of <i>Escherichia coli</i>, and its use in the presence of alternative carbon sources was characterized. <i>dctA</i> is regulated by cAMP-CRP and substrates that control cAMP levels, either through the phosphotransferase system (PTS), or through their metabolic link to PEP synthesis. The data indicates that phosphorylation of the regulator EIIA<sup>Glc</sup> of the glucose-specific PTS represents the mediator for regulation. The <i>dctA</i> promotor region contains a class I CRP-binding site (position -81.5) and a DcuR-binding site (position -105.5). The response regulator DcuR of the C<sub>4</sub>-DC-activated DcuS-DcuR two-component system is known to stimulate expression of <i>dctA</i>, and cAMP-CRP is known to stimulate expression of <i>dcuS-dcuR</i>. Thus, activation of <i>dctA</i> expression by cAMP-CRP and DcuR is organized in a coherent feed-forward loop (FFL) where cAMP-CRP positively regulates the expression of <i>dctA</i> by direct stimulation and by stimulating the expression of <i>dcuR</i>. Stimulation by DcuR is presumed to require DNA bending by cAMP-CRP. In this way, CRP-FFL integrates carbon catabolite control and C<sub>4</sub>-DC-specific regulation. Moreover, EIIA<sup>Glc</sup> of the glucose-specific PTS strongly interacts with DctA, which could lead to substrate exclusion of C<sub>4</sub>-DCs when preferred carbon substrates such as sugars are present. Since C<sub>4</sub>-DCs are perceived in the periplasmic space by the sensor DcuS, the substrate exclusion is not linked to inducer exclusion, contrasting classical inducer exclusion known for the lactose permease LacY. Thus, aerobic C<sub>4</sub>-DC metabolism is tightly regulated at the transcriptional and post-translational levels, whereas uptake of L-aspartate by DcuA is essentially unaffected. Overall, transcriptional and post-translational regulation of <i>dctA</i> expression and DctA function efficiently fine-tunes C<sub>4</sub>-DC catabolism in response to other preferred carbon sources.
Complete remission after first-line radio-chemotherapy as predictor of survival in extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma
Authors: Adrien Chauchet, Anne-Sophie Michallet, Françoise Berger, Isabelle Bedgedjian, Eric Deconinck, Catherine Sebban, Daciana Antal, Hubert Orfeuvre, Bernadette Corront, Tony Petrella, Maya Hacini, Marie Bouteloup, Gilles Salles, Bertrand Coiffier
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2012)

Extranodal nasal-type NK/T-cell lymphoma is a rare and severe disease. Considering the rarity of this lymphoma in Europe, we conducted a multicentric retrospective study on nasal-type NK/T cell lymphoma to determine the optimal induction strategy and identify prognostic factors.Thirty-six adult patients with nasal-type NK/T-cell lymphoma were recruited and assessed. In total, 80 % of patients were classified as having upper aerodigestive tract NK/T-cell lymphoma (UNKTL) and 20 % extra-upper aerodigestive tract NK/T-cell lymphoma (EUNKTL).For advanced-stage disease, chemotherapy alone (CT) was the primary treatment (84 % vs. 10 % for combined CT + radiation therapy (RT), respectively), while for early-stage disease, 50 % of patients received the combination of CT + RT and 50 % CT alone. Five-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 39 % and 33 %. Complete remission (CR) rates were significantly higher when using CT + RT (90 %) versus CT alone (33 %) (p < 0.0001). For early-stage disease, CR rates were 37 % for CT alone versus 100 % for CT + RT. Quality of response was significantly associated with survival, with 5-year OS being 80 % for CR patients versus 0 % for progressive disease patients (p < 0.01).Early RT concomitantly or sequentially with CT led to improved patient outcomes, with quality of initial response being the most important prognosticator for 5-year OS.
HAIR DIAMETER IN FEMALE BALDNESS
Authors: DAVID JACKSON, R. E. CHURCH, F. J. EBLING
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1972)

Summary.— Twenty scalp hairs were plucked from each of 131 Caucasoid women, and measurements of diameter, at 1 mm intervals, starting just above the root, were made for each hair. There was little variation in diameter along normal anagen hairs in any of the subjects. The mean anagen hair diameter in 58 women with diffuse hair thinning, of whom 44 were without detectable endocrine abnormality and 14 were clinically hypothyroid, significantly decreased with age. This appeared to be an accentuation of a normal trend, although this could not be statistically established in the control group of 73 women. At any age the mean thickness of hair in the subjects with diffuse thinning was less than in normal subjects of the same age. Normal subjects showed a symmetrical distribution of hair diameter, with a marked peak at 0.08 mm. In contrast, subjects with diffuse alopecia without detectable endocrine abnormality showed a wide spread of diameters, with 2 equal peaks at 0.04 mm and 0.06 mm The hypothyroid group showed a similar distribution, except that there was a larger proportion of hairs of the smaller diameters. The results suggest that, in the development of diffuse thinning, not all follicles behave identically, and that there may be more than one type of follicle in the human scalp.
British Association of Dermatologists’ guidelines for the management of lichen sclerosus 2010
Authors: S.M. Neill, F.M. Lewis, F.M. Tatnall, N.H. Cox
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

One of the aims of the British Association of Dermatologists (BAD) is to provide guidelines for the management of skin diseases using all available good-quality evidence-based data.][3] These guidelines for the management of lichen sclerosus (LS) have been prepared for dermatologists on behalf of the BAD.They present evidence-based guidance for investigation and treatment, with identification of the strength of evidence available at the time of preparation of the guidelines.NHS Evidence has accredited the process used by the British Association of Dermatologists to produce guidelines.Accreditation is valid for 3 years from May 2010 and is applicable to guidance produced using the processes described in the British Association of Dermatologists' guidelines development manual (Bell & Ormerod, 2009).