tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Immunofluorescent Studies of the Serologic Reactivity of Patients With Malignant Melanoma Against Tumor-Associated Cytoplasmic Antigens23
Authors: Gary W. Wood, Rolf F. Barth
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Indirect immunofluorescent (IF) tests were done on acetone-fixed imprints of 10 malignant melanomas with the use of sera from 48 patients with melanoma, 17 with other types of solid tumors, and 65 normal blood-bank donors. Only small differences in the percentage of positive reactions (36–47%) were obtained with the 3 groups of sera, and similar reactivity was observed with other malignant tumors. Fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated melanoma patients' sera and normal sera were tested on melanoma tumor imprints, and a significant number of positive reactions was noted in each group. Although positive reactivity was completely removed by absorption of sera with homogenized test tumor, intensity was not reduced after absorption with whole cells, which suggested that neither HL-A nor blood-group antigens were involved. The distribution of positive reactions in indirect IF tests, the results of blocking tests with conjugated sera, and the results of absorption studies with homologous tumor tissue suggested that cross-reactive antibodies to at least 2 different cytoplasmic antigens were present in the 3 groups of sera. Despite this qualitative similarity in reactivity, there were significant quantitative differences distinguishing melanoma patients from normal individuals. The mean antibody titer for melanoma patients was 310; for normal sera it was 18 (P ≤ 0.05). Sera from 8 melanoma patients with stage I (local) and stage II (regional) disease had a mean titer of 152 compared to a titer of 423 for 14 patients with stage III (metastatic) disease. This difference suggested a positive correlation between the titer of antibody and the presence of metastatic disease.
The prevalence of asthma hospital admissions and status asthmaticus by age and sex
Authors: Mustafa Osman, Colin R. Simpson, Aziz Sheikh
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Aim: To determine the pattern of asthma admissions to hospital and compare it by sex and evaluate if this pattern was mirrored for status asthmaticus.  Hypothesis: We hypothesised that the prevalence of admissions to hospital would be greater in childhood for males and reverse to a female predominance in adulthood for both asthma and status asthmaticus implying a switch in severity.  Method: From the Information Services Division (ISD) of the National Health Services in Scotland we requested data for asthma admissions and status asthmaticus admission for the period 1997-2008. We obtained the count of discharges Code J45 (asthma) as first reason and J46 (status asthmaticus) and stratified by sex and age. Results: We found asthma hospital admissions and status asthmaticus demonstrate a similar pattern with a reversal from male to female predominance in both around adolescence. However, the proportion of status asthmaticus by sex was not significantly different through the age groups.  Conclusion: An difference in sex prevalence for asthma admissions and status asthmaticus has been observed without a change in the gender specific proportion of status asthmaticus.
Burkitt-like lymphomas in AIDS patients: characterization within a series of 103 human immunodeficiency virus-associated non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Burkitt's Lymphoma Study Group.
Authors: F Davi, H J Delecluse, P Guiet, J Gabarre, A Fayon, O Gentilhomme, P Felman, C Bayle, F Berger, J Audouin, P A Bryon, J Diebold, M Raphaël
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

PURPOSE Burkitt-like lymphoma (BLL) is a tumor with morphologic features intermediate between Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) and large-cell lymphoma, but its relationship with these lymphomas is currently unclear. We have therefore analyzed its characteristics within a large series of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated lymphomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS Clinical, histologic, immunophenotypic, and molecular analyses were performed on 103 patients with AIDS lymphomas. RESULTS Nineteen cases (18.4%) were identified as BLL. They were monoclonal B-cell proliferations, as evaluated by immunoglobulin (Ig) gene rearrangement analyses, and had rearrangement of the c-myc oncogene in 68% of cases but not the bcl-2 gene, in contrast to a previous study on non-HIV-associated BLL. This molecular pattern was therefore identical to that of typical BL, suggesting that they represented tumors of similar origin. However, some features could clearly differentiate BLL from BL and were similar to those seen in the diffuse large-cell immunoblastic lymphomas (DLC-IBL) group. These included a greater frequency of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection (79% v 48%, P = .04), an upregulation of CD39 (50% v 0%, P = .0007) and CD70 (75% v 15%, P = .003) activation antigens and of the CD11a/LFA-1 adhesion molecule (83% v30%, P = .05), and, finally, a lower CD4 count (mean, 119/microL v 270/microL, P = .04). CONCLUSION BLL is a frequent entity among AIDS lymphomas and should be considered as a morphologic variant of BL in the context of severe immunodepression that occurs in HIV-infected patients.
Therapeutic guidelines and results in advanced seminoma.
Authors: E L Friedman, M B Garnick, P C Stomper, P M Mauch, D P Harrington, J P Richie
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1985)

Twenty patients with advanced seminoma were treated with chemotherapy. Fourteen patients were previously untreated (group 1) and received vinblastine, bleomycin, and cisplatin (VPB) at presentation. Six patients had received prior radiation therapy (group 2), and at relapse received either VPB or VP-16-213 (etoposide)-cisplatin. Within group 1, five patients received no further therapy after VPB (group 1A), six patients received radiation to residual radiographic abnormalities (group 1B), and three patients underwent surgery to remove residual radiographic areas following VPB (group 1C). The complete response rate in group 1 was 14/14 (100%). At present within group 1A, 5/5 patients (100%) are alive and disease-free (NED) for a median follow-up of 32 + months. In group 1B, 6/6 patients (100%) are alive and NED for a median follow-up of 17+ months. In group 1C, 3/3 patients (100%) had residual fibrosis at the time of surgical resection. Two of these patients died of postoperative complications with no evidence of disease and the third is alive and NED at 19+ months. In group 2, 4/6 patients (67%) achieved a complete remission, including two patients who are NED at 22+ and 85+ months, respectively. Two have died and two are alive with progressive disease. Doses of chemotherapy to group 2 patients were substantially lower than the doses given to group 1 patients. We conclude that chemotherapy is acceptable initial therapy for advanced seminoma, and prior extensive radiation therapy may impair the ability to give adequate doses of chemotherapy in patients who relapse. Residual masses after chemotherapy are often fibrotic and the role of postchemotherapy radiation therapy in these patients is uncertain.
Cancer patients’ reported illness and treatment related concerns, perception of availability and use of available information: The influence of socio-demographics
Authors: P. Jean-Pierre, J. A. Roscoe, G. R. Morrow, M. Hofman, K. Fiscella, J. Griggs, J. Carroll, C. Figueroa-Moseley, B. I. Mattar, J. L. Wade
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

6077 Backgrounds: Studies that examine the roles of socio-demographics in illness perception and healthcare communication among cancer patients are relatively absent. Methods: This sample included 973 (904 whites, 69 non-whites) patients undergoing treatment for cancer at 20 geographically separate sites. Concerns over understanding the diagnosis and treatment plan were assessed on a 5-point-scale (“1=no concern” to “5=a great deal of concern”). Patients were also asked if: a) whether or not information was available to them, b) if yes, did they used it or not, and c) would more information have been helpful. χ 2 -analyses and ANCOVAs, were conducted to examine group differences in education, occupation, and concern over understanding the diagnosis and treatment plan. Logistic regressions were conducted to assess the independent association of race to patients’ beliefs that additional information would have been helpful. Results: χ 2 analyses showed no significant difference between whites and non-whites in education and occupation (Ps &gt; .05). Subsequent ANCOVAs showed significant group differences in concerns over understanding the diagnosis (F(1, 967) = 9.13, p = 0.003) and treatment plan (F(1, 967) = 7.95, p = 0.01), after adjusting for education, occupation, age, and gender. Additionally, χ 2 showed significant group differences in beliefs that more information would have been helpful (p &lt; .05). More non-whites (70.3%) than whites (53.1%) indicated that additional information would have been helpful to understanding the diagnosis. Similarly, more non-whites (69.4%) than whites (53.4%) indicated that additional information would have been helpful to understanding the treatment plan. Subsequent logistic regressions confirmed that race independently predicted patients’ indications that more information would have been helpful to understanding the diagnosis (OR = 1.96, 95%CI = 1.12, 3.42) and treatment plan (OR = 1.84, 95%CI = 1.05, 3.22). Conclusion: The findings underscore the need for oncology professionals to consider and integrate information about socio-demographics in their intervention and communication with racial/ethnic minority patients. Supported by NHI PHS-grant U10-CA37420 No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Low-Dose Oral Fluorouracil With Eniluracil as First-Line Chemotherapy Against Advanced Breast Cancer: A Phase II Study
Authors: Ian E. Smith, Stephen R. D. Johnston, Mary E. R. O’Brien, Tamas F. Hickish, Richard H. de Boer, Alison Norton, Deborah T. Cirkel, Claire M. Barton
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2000)

PURPOSE: Eniluracil (776C85) is an effective inactivator of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase that allows continuous low-dose oral fluorouracil (5-FU) to be given with predicable oral bioavailability. We have assessed this as first-line oral chemotherapy for patients with advanced/metastatic breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with histologically proven, locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer without previous chemotherapy for advanced disease were entered onto this open-label phase II study. Patients received oral 5-FU 1.0 mg/m 2 with eniluracil 10 mg/m 2 , both given twice daily for the first 28 days of each 35-day cycle, continuing until disease progression or unmanageable toxicity. RESULTS: Thirty-three patients were entered, with a median age of 53 years. Sixteen partial responses were seen in twenty-nine assessable patients (55%; 95% confidence interval, 37% to 73%), including responses in four (40%) out of 10 patients who had received prior adjuvant 5-FU. Seven patients had stable disease for at least 3 months with symptom improvement. Median response duration was 14 months (range, 10 to 18+ months). Toxicity was low. There were only two episodes of drug-related grade 3 nonhematologic toxicity (diarrhea and infection), and only 6%, 3%, and 3% of patients developed granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, and neutropenic sepsis, respectively. Mild (grade 1/2) diarrhea occurred in 39% of patients, hand-foot syndrome in 15%, nausea in 27%, and mucositis in 18%. Toxicity-associated delay and dose reduction occurred in only 2% and 5% of courses, respectively. CONCLUSION: First-line treatment with the combination of oral 5-FU and eniluracil has high activity in patients with advanced breast cancer comparable with the most active conventional cytotoxic agents but with strikingly less toxicity.
Tissue Culture Studies of Human Bone Marrow. I. Maturation of Granulocytes in Chemically Defined Medium 1&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: P. Farnes, M.S., M.D., B. E. Barker, Ph.D.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1967)

Granulocytic cells of adult human bone marrow, cultivated in chemically defined medium NCTC 135 with 1%dextran and glucocorticoids, proliferate and undergo maturation, as demonstrated by morphologic and histochemical criteria. Even without serum, myeloid cells evidence in vivo-like behavior with respect to alkaline phosphatase, adenosinetriphosphotase, phosphorylase, and γ-glutamyltranspeptidase activities, as well as glycogen content. Combined alkaline phosphatase demonstration and tritiated thymidine incorporation studies in the same cells suggestthat synthesis or activation of alkaline phosphatase may commence in this serum-free in vitro system. Alkaline phosphatase activity is maintained throughout the culture period and appears to increase in the normal maturing polymorphonuclear cells. Mature granulocytes from one patient with untreated chronic myelocytic leukemia show no increase in phosphatase activity in the same in vitro environment.
Periodontitis Increases the Risk of a First Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Lars Rydén, Kåre Buhlin, Eva Ekstrand, Ulf de Faire, Anders Gustafsson, Jacob Holmer, Barbro Kjellström, Bertil Lindahl, Anna Norhammar, Åke Nygren, Per Näsman, Nilminie Rathnayake, Elisabet Svenungsson, Björn Klinge
Journal: Circulation (2016)

The relationship between periodontitis (PD) and cardiovascular disease is debated. PD is common in patients with cardiovascular disease. It has been postulated that PD could be causally related to the risk for cardiovascular disease, a hypothesis tested in the Periodontitis and Its Relation to Coronary Artery Disease (PAROKRANK) study.Eight hundred five patients (<75 years of age) with a first myocardial infarction (MI) and 805 age- (mean 62±8), sex- (male 81%), and area-matched controls without MI underwent standardized dental examination including panoramic x-ray. The periodontal status was defined as healthy (≥80% remaining bone) or as mild-moderate (from 79% to 66%) or severe PD (<66%). Great efforts were made to collect information on possibly related confounders (≈100 variables). Statistical comparisons included the Student pairwise t test and the McNemar test in 2×2 contingency tables. Contingency tables exceeding 2×2 with ranked alternatives were tested by Wilcoxon signed rank test. Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) were calculated by conditional logistic regression. PD was more common (43%) in patients than in controls (33%; P<0.001). There was an increased risk for MI among those with PD (odds ratio, 1.49; 95% confidence interval, 1.21-1.83), which remained significant (odds ratio, 1.28; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-1.60) after adjusting for variables that differed between patients and controls (smoking habits, diabetes mellitus, years of education, and marital status).In this large case-control study of PD, verified by radiographic bone loss and with a careful consideration of potential confounders, the risk of a first MI was significantly increased in patients with PD even after adjustment for confounding factors. These findings strengthen the possibility of an independent relationship between PD and MI.
Axitinib (AG-013736) in combination with FOLFOX and bevacizumab (Bev) in patients (pts) with metastatic solid tumors: A phase I study
Authors: V. V. Abhyankar, S. Sharma, R. C. Trowbridge, R. L. Robles, J. C. Tarazi, S. Kim, M. Tortorici, B. Hee, R. E. Burgess
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

4112 Background: Axitinib is an oral, potent and selective inhibitor of VEGF receptors 1, 2, and 3 that is being assessed in a broad range of tumors. This phase I portion of the study evaluated the safety and pharmacokinetics (PK) of axitinib in combination with BV and FOLFOX (oxaliplatin/5-fluorouracil [5-FU]/leucovorin) in pts with previously treated gastrointestinal and solid tumors. Methods: Pts in cohort 1 received BV 1 mg/kg, oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2, leucovorin 400 mg/m2, 5-FU 400 mg/m2 bolus then 2,400 mg/m2 by 46–48 h infusion, and axitinib at a starting dose of 5 mg PO BID. BV and FOLFOX were administered once every 2 weeks. Following demonstration of tolerability to BV 1 mg/kg in cohort 1, BV was escalated to doses of 2 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg in cohorts 2 and 3 respectively. Patients were evaluated for potential PK interactions between BV, FOLFOX, and axitinib. Safety and tumor response were also assessed. Results: Among pts enrolled in cohorts 1, 2, and 3 (n=15), 2 patients (13%) showed a partial response and 9 patients (60%) exhibited stable disease. The most frequently reported, treatment-emergent grade 3–5 adverse events were neutropenia (n=3), hypertension (n=3), and dyspnea (n=2). PK parameters and plasma profiles of BV, oxaliplatin, and 5-FU were similar in the presence or absence of axitinib, with mean (%CV) AUCinf for platinum clearance from ultrafiltrate of 7,155 ng.h/mL (74%) and 7,702 ng.h/mL (72%), respectively (n=14). Axitinib PK profiles were similar in the presence or absence of BV/FOLFOX. Conclusions: PK data indicate no evidence of an interaction between axitinib and BV/FOLFOX. Axitinib 5 mg BID in combination with BV 1 mg/kg or 2 mg/kg and FOLFOX was well tolerated. Tolerability data for combination treatment with the 5 mg BV dose await completion of patient enrollment into cohort 3. A 3-arm, randomized phase II study of axitinib/FOLFOX vs BV/FOLFOX vs axitinib/BV/FOLFOX in pts with metastatic colorectal cancer has been initiated. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Pfizer Pfizer
In Vitro Erythroid Colony Formation in Acute Myelogenous Leukemia in the Rat 2
Authors: E. S. Handler, E. E. Handler
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

Erythroid colonies were grown in vitro in plasma clot cultures. Normal adult rat bone marrow responded to exogenous erythropoietin with the formation of an average of 2 colonies/103 cells plated. No erythroid colonies were observed in cultured normal spleen preparations. Shay chloroleukemia cells administered iv induced an acute myelogenous leukemia. During the progressive stages of the disease, the numbers of erythrocyte colony forming units (CFU-E) in the marrow decreased; concomitantly, these progenitors appeared in leukemic spleen cultures. Paralleling changes in CFU-E, the numbers of nucleated red blood cells in the marrow declined but increased in the leukemic spleen. However, compensatory spleen erythropoiesis was transient, due to continued leukemia cell colonization. The loss of erythroid progenitor cells from the bone marrow played a significant role in the anemia associated with this leukemia.
HER2 testing in breast cancer by universally primed quantitative multiplex PCR short fluorescent fragments (upQMPSF).
Authors: P. Starostik, S. Azrak, P. Liang, G. E. Wilding, F. O. Ademuyiwa, T. Khoury
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e11049 Background: Amplification of the HER2 oncogene in breast cancer identifies patients eligible for trastuzumab therapy. The purpose of the study is to develop a new PCR-based technology that is more accurate, reliable, less subjective, cost-effective, and easier to interpret. Methods: upQMPSF involves two consecutive steps of simultaneous PCR amplification of two HER2 exons (5 and 23) along with three internal controls (MTRF on chr13, VAMP2 on chr17p and LIG3 on chr17q) as one multiplex set. Compatible multiplex primers were designed using bioinformatics approaches to cover the entire exon regions. Furthermore, the numbers of PCR cycles were empirically optimized to retain the quantitative capacity of the PCR, and the products were analyzed using the ABI capillary sequencer. The data is analyzed using in- house proprietary algorithm. To set a cut-off for HER2 amplification, DNA was extracted from blood of 8 normal donors. HER2 copy number mean and standard deviation were calculated. HER2 was considered amplified when HER2/Cep17 > mean +2 SD. DNA from 15 fresh frozen breast carcinoma samples was extracted. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis was performed using PathVysion method. FISH results were scored as not amplified, equivocal or amplified when the HER2/Cep17 ratio was < 1.8, 1.8-2.2, or > 2.2, respectively. Results: Mean and SD of tested blood samples was 1.07 and 0.39 respectively. Therefore, HER2 was considered amplified when HER2/Cep17 >1.46. For FISH, there were 2 not amplified, 1 equivocal and 12 amplified cases. For PCR, there were 3 not amplified and 12 amplified cases. There was discrepancy between upQMPSF and FISH in 3 cases (Table). Conclusions: upQMPSF method may offer an alternative method for the detection of HER2 amplification. This is an ongoing study. Case# upQMPSF FISH 1 Amplified Amplified 2 Amplified Amplified 3 Not amplified Not amplified 4 Not amplified Amplified 5 Not amplified Equivocal 6 Amplified Amplified 7 Amplified Amplified 8 Amplified Amplified 9 Amplified Amplified 10 Amplified Amplified 11 Amplified Amplified 12 Amplified Not amplified 13 Amplified Amplified 14 Amplified Amplified 15 Amplified Amplified No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A dose escalation trial of fixed dose gemcitabine and capecitabine
Authors: S. Morgan Meadows, L. Van Ummersen, H. Brandon, K. Oliver, M. Houston, J. Eickhoff, G. Wilding
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

12026 Background: Gemcitabine can be administered as a 30-minute infusion or a prolonged, fixed-dose infusion (FDR). FDR may have improved clinical activity. Gemcitabine and capecitabine have non-overlapping mechanism of activity. This phase I trial explored the combination of FDR gemcitabine plus capecitabine. Methods: Patients received gemcitabine (G) as a fixed dose on day (D) 1 and 8 and capecitabine orally D1–14 of a 21-day cycle. Capecitabine (C) dose was fixed at 500 mg/m 2 twice daily (BID) with escalating doses of G, beginning at 400 mg/m 2 . The trial was a standard phase I trial with cohorts of three. Dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) was defined as febrile neutropenia, grade 3/4 neutropenia lasting &gt; 7 days, grade 3/4 thrombocytopenia lasting &gt; 7 days, grade ¾ nausea/vomiting despite maximal anti-emetic therapy, grade 3/4 diarrhea, or grade 3/4 hand-foot syndrome. Results: Nine patients have enrolled to date, receiving a total of 56 courses at dose level one (G 400 mg/m 2 , C 500 mg/m 2 BID). Median age is 61 (range 47–61). Grade 3 neutropenia has been the predominate toxicity, occurring in 12.5% of courses. One patient with renal cell carcinoma had a partial response. Four additional patients had prolonged stable disease lasting 7–15 months. Prolonged stable disease was observed in two patients with cholangiocarcinoma, one patient with renal cell carcinoma and one patient with anal squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusions: This combination has manageable toxicity with some evidence of activity at G 400 mg/m 2 and C 500 mg/m 2 BID. Dose escalation continues. No significant financial relationships to disclose.