tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 15802: Sleep Apnea and Risk of Aortic Dissection: A Nonrandomized, Pair-Matched Cohort Study
Authors: Hsin-I Teng
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background:  Sleep apnea(SA) has been reported to be associated with increased prevalence of aortic dissection(AD) in studies that were criticized for either their small sample size or lack of prospective observation. Using a nationwide, population-based database and a long-term prospective cohort design, our study strived to explore the relationship between SA and the subsequent development of AD.   Methods and Results:  From 2000 to 2007, we drew a study cohort consisting of 15,848 newly diagnosed SA cases from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database. For the control group, another 39,826 subjects without SA were matched for age, sex, and comorbidities. The two cohorts were followed-up to observe the occurrence of AD. During an average 3.59 2.41 years of follow-up, we observed a total of 33 cases of new AD occurrence [ SA(22, 0.1%) vs. non-SA(11, 0.1%), P=0.669) ] and the incidence of AD was similar for both groups. After adjusting for age, sex, and comorbidities, only age(hazard ratio [HR] 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01-1.06;  P =0.006), male gender(HR 2.49; 95% CI, 1.07-5.79;  P =0.034), and hypertension(HR 6.28; 95% CI, 2.36-16.67;  P    Conclusion:  SA was not associated with increased risk of AD using a large-scale nationwide cohort database. Larger prospective studies or meta-analyses are recommended to confirm our findings.
Efficacy of nitric oxide, with or without continuing antihypertensive treatment, for management of high blood pressure in acute stroke (ENOS): a partial-factorial randomised controlled trial
Journal: The Lancet (2014)

BackgroundHigh blood pressure is associated with poor outcome after stroke. Whether blood pressure should be lowered early after stroke, and whether to continue or temporarily withdraw existing antihypertensive drugs, is not known. We assessed outcomes after stroke in patients given drugs to lower their blood pressure.MethodsIn our multicentre, partial-factorial trial, we randomly assigned patients admitted to hospital with an acute ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke and raised systolic blood pressure (systolic 140–220 mm Hg) to 7 days of transdermal glyceryl trinitrate (5 mg per day), started within 48 h of stroke onset, or to no glyceryl trinitrate (control group). A subset of patients who were taking antihypertensive drugs before their stroke were also randomly assigned to continue or stop taking these drugs. The primary outcome was function, assessed with the modified Rankin Scale at 90 days by observers masked to treatment assignment. This study is registered, number ISRCTN99414122.FindingsBetween July 20, 2001, and Oct 14, 2013, we enrolled 4011 patients. Mean blood pressure was 167 (SD 19) mm Hg/90 (13) mm Hg at baseline (median 26 h [16–37] after stroke onset), and was significantly reduced on day 1 in 2000 patients allocated to glyceryl trinitrate compared with 2011 controls (difference −7·0 [95% CI −8·5 to −5·6] mm Hg/–3·5 [–4·4 to −2·6] mm Hg; both p<0·0001), and on day 7 in 1053 patients allocated to continue antihypertensive drugs compared with 1044 patients randomised to stop them (difference −9·5 [95% CI −11·8 to −7·2] mm Hg/–5·0 [–6·4 to −3·7] mm Hg; both p<0·0001). Functional outcome at day 90 did not differ in either treatment comparison—the adjusted common odds ratio (OR) for worse outcome with glyceryl trinitrate versus no glyceryl trinitrate was 1·01 (95% CI 0·91–1·13; p=0·83), and with continue versus stop antihypertensive drugs OR was 1·05 (0·90–1·22; p=0·55).InterpretationIn patients with acute stroke and high blood pressure, transdermal glyceryl trinitrate lowered blood pressure and had acceptable safety but did not improve functional outcome. We show no evidence to support continuing prestroke antihypertensive drugs in patients in the first few days after acute stroke.FundingUK Medical Research Council.
Epidermal thymic stromal lymphopoietin predicts the development of atopic dermatitis during infancy
Authors: Jihyun Kim, Byung Eui Kim, Jeongok Lee, Youngshin Han, Hyun-Young Jun, Hyunmi Kim, Jaehee Choi, Donald Y.M. Leung, Kangmo Ahn
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Abstract 13320: Endothelial Dysfunction by ENOS Deficiency Develops Salt Sensitivity and Renal Injury via the Activation of Intraglomerular Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) and Oxidative Stress
Authors: Taishi Nakamura, Keiichiro Kataoka, Hisato Nako, Kensuke Toyama, Hisao Ogawa, Shokei Kim-Mitsuyama
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Aim: We examined how endothelial dysfunction develop salt-induced renal injuries in vivo. Methods: (1) Wild-type and eNOS knockout (eNOS−/−) mice were fed normal- or high-salt diets. We measured ur...
BMA rebuts concern that junior doctors on strike wouldn’t attend major incident
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2015)

The BMA has rebutted concerns raised by NHS England’s medical director that junior doctors who were striking would not respond to a major incident.

Bruce Keogh wrote to Mark Porter, the BMA’s chair of council, on 19 November after the BMA’s announcement that 98% of the junior doctors it had balloted had voted in favour of strike action over changes to their contract.1

In his letter Keogh sought assurances from the association that junior doctors taking part in industrial action would be available to respond to a “major incident” if needed. …
Patients' beliefs about their illness were probably not a major factor
Authors: D O Ho-Yen
Journal: BMJ (1996)

EDITOR,—Michael Sharpe and colleagues' study confirms that the best medical advice for patients with the chronic fatigue syndrome is not “nothing can be done” or that “the disease will burn itself out.”1 The study produced improvement in 73% of the patients, which is comparable to the 80% improvement produced by my management techniques.2 3 Interestingly, my approach seems to be fundamentally different from that of Sharpe and colleagues.

Two previous studies of cognitive behaviour therapy …
Antiarrhythmic therapy: A pathophysiologic approach: By Members of the Sicilian Gambit. (Pp 263; $65.) Armonk, NY: Futura, 1994. ISBN 0-87993-596-0
Authors: E. V. Williams
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1995)

Journal Article Antiarrhythmic therapy: A pathophysiologic approach: By Members of the Sicilian Gambit. (Pp 263; $65.) Armonk, NY: Futura, 1994. ISBN 0-87993-596-0 Get access Antiarrhythmic Therapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach. By Members of the Sicilian Gambit. (Pp 263; $65.) Armonk, NY: Futura, 1994). ISBN 0-87993-596-0. EM Vaughan Williams EM Vaughan Williams Oxford, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 29, Issue 2, February 1995, Page 292, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6363(95)90017-9 Published: 01 February 1995
sFLC in healthy Indian subjects and myeloma patients
Authors: R. Kumar, D. Gupta, V. Raina, A. Sharma, L. Kumar, M. Irshad, S. Singh, A. Chopra
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e19565 Background: Serum free light chain (sFLC) analysis for detection and monitoring of monoclonal gammopathies has been validated by several studies but none from India. We report sFLC in Indian healthy subjects and myeloma patients. Methods: Serum samples from 73 healthy subjects and 39 myeloma patients were analyzed using serum protein electrophoresis, immunofixation where appropriate and estimation of sFLC, the latter using FREELITE reagent kit and Hitachi-912 autoanalyzer. Parameters evaluated were κ and λ levels, κ/λ ratio and dFLC (involved-uninvolved chain). Results: Median age of controls (50 males, 23 females) was 40 years (range 20–65 years) and of patients (34 males, 5 females) was 53.5 years (range 35–80 years). In control group, λ levels were significantly higher than κ. There were 26 of kappa- and 13 of lambda- type myeloma as judged by immunofixation. Results were significantly different between myeloma and control group for κ, λ and κ/λ ratio (p=0.00). Only thirteen patients had iFLC &gt;100 mg/L but ratios were abnormal in all (100%) patients (26 κ, 13 λ) when judged by the full range of normal κ/λ (0.51–1.66). dFLC &gt;50 mg/L with abnormal ratio was seen in 28 (70%) patients. All patients had concordance with immunofixation. Conclusions: Healthy Indian subjects have higher κ and λ values than reported, possibly because of greater incidence of subclinical infections. However κ/λ range is comparable and iFLC &gt;100mg/l appears uncommon. The κ/λ ratio is highly sensitive method for myeloma detection. Results need validation in larger cohort of healthy subjects and patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Mobile Phone Text Messages to Support Treatment Adherence in Adults With High Blood Pressure (SMS-Text Adherence Support [StAR])
Authors: Kirsten Bobrow, Andrew J. Farmer, David Springer, Milensu Shanyinde, Ly-Mee Yu, Thomas Brennan, Brian Rayner, Mosedi Namane, Krisela Steyn, Lionel Tarassenko, Naomi Levitt
Journal: Circulation (2016)

We assessed the effect of automated treatment adherence support delivered via mobile phone short message system (SMS) text messages on blood pressure.In this pragmatic, single-blind, 3-arm, randomized trial (SMS-Text Adherence Support [StAR]) undertaken in South Africa, patients treated for high blood pressure were randomly allocated in a 1:1:1 ratio to information only, interactive SMS text messaging, or usual care. The primary outcome was change in systolic blood pressure at 12 months from baseline measured with a validated oscillometric device. All trial staff were masked to treatment allocation. Analyses were intention to treat. Between June 26, 2012, and November 23, 2012, 1372 participants were randomized to receive information-only SMS text messages (n=457), interactive SMS text messages (n=458), or usual care (n=457). Primary outcome data were available for 1256 participants (92%). At 12 months, the mean adjusted change in systolic blood pressure compared with usual care was -2.2 mm Hg (95% confidence interval, -4.4 to -0.04) with information-only SMS and -1.6 mm Hg (95% confidence interval, -3.7 to 0.6) with interactive SMS. Odds ratios for the proportion of participants with a blood pressure <140/90 mm Hg were 1.42 (95% confidence interval, 1.03-1.95) for information-only messaging and 1.41 (95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.95) for interactive messaging compared with usual care.In this randomized trial of an automated adherence support program delivered by SMS text message in a general outpatient population of adults with high blood pressure, we found a small reduction in systolic blood pressure control compared with usual care at 12 months. There was no evidence that an interactive intervention increased this effect.URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT02019823. South African National Clinical Trials Register, number SANCTR DOH-27-1212-386; Pan Africa Trial Register, number PACTR201411000724141.
Cyclosporin A and short-term methotrexate versus cyclosporin A as graft versus host disease prophylaxis in patients with severe aplastic anemia given allogeneic bone marrow transplantation from an HLA-identical sibling: results of a GITMO/EBMT randomized trial.
Authors: F Locatelli, B Bruno, M Zecca, M T Van-Lint, S McCann, W Arcese, S Dallorso, P Di Bartolomeo, F Fagioli, A Locasciulli, M Lawler, A Bacigalupo
Journal: Blood (2000)
TGFalfa, EGFR and p70S6K expression in aggressive colorectal cancer (CRC)
Authors: M. Tampellini, M. Longo, S. Cappia, E. Bacillo, M. Brizzi, R. Bitossi, C. M. Sculli, I. Alabiso, L. Dogliotti, M. Papotti
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

13505 Background: Autocrine TGFa in CRC cells regulates cell adhesion via p70S6K phosphorylation in in vitro studies. The aim was to evaluate whether TGFa expression might be correlated with a higher metastatic behavior in vivo. Methods: 101 primitive CRC tumor samples with paraffin blocks available were retrospectively collected. All the specimens were immunohistochemically evaluated for EGFR clone 2–18C9 (Dako), and TGFa clone 213–4 (Calciochem) expression. A score of 0 to 3 was assigned according to staining intensity and extension. EGFR was also evaluated in randomly selected specimens with clone 111.6 (Neomarks) in 81 cases and clone 31G7 (Zymed) in 28 cases. Selected samples were stained for downstream signalling molecules STAT, p-akt, p-MAP kinase, mTor, p-mTor and p70S6K. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to tumor stage at diagnosis: group A stage II-III (51 pts); group B stage IV (50 pts). Results: EGFR clone 2–18C9 reacted in 68/101 (67.3%) cases. Positivity rates and correlation coefficients were: clone 111.6 42/81 (51.9%), r=0.54 (p&lt;0.01); clone 31G7 20/28 (71.4%), r=0.76 (p&lt;0.0001). TGFa was expressed in 79/101 (78.2%) cases. EGFR and TGFa diffuse staining (score 2, 3) was recorded in 14/51 (27.5%) and 18/51 (35.3%) patients in group A, and 26/50 (52.0%) and 27/50 (54.0%) in group B (p=0.01 and p=0.06). EGFR and TGFa coexpression was evident in 23/51 (45.1%) in group A and in 34/50 (68.0%) in group B (p=0.02). No difference in downstream signaling molecule expression was evident between the 2 groups. A positive correlation trend was recorded for p70S6K which was expressed in 8/20 (40%) and in 8/12 (66.7%) samples of group A and B (p=0.15). Conclusions: EGFR, TGFa and p70S6K expression was more common in patients with advanced stage at diagnosis confirming in vitro data. EGFR scores obtained with commercial antibodies from Zymed and Dako had a significant correlation. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 166: Brief Compression Only Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training Video and Homemade Manikin Improves CPR Skills in Untrained Individuals
Authors: Gregory K Wanner, Arayel R Osborne, Charlotte H Greene
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Each year in the United States over 300,000 people experience cardiac arrest outside of the hospital. Only about 40% of these people initially receive cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) from a bystander. We assessed the hypothesis that a brief 6-minute internet-based video and homemade manikin would improve compression-only CPR skills.   Methods:  This was a parallel-design study with pre and post training evaluations of compression rate, depth, and whether the emergency number (911) was called for help. We recruited subjects currently certified and never certified in CPR. Our video provided compression-only CPR instruction using a homemade manikin reproduced by viewers using common items (towel, t-shirt, and toilet paper roll). Chest compression skills were objectively judged using a Resusci Anne Skillreporter.   Results:  Twenty-four subjects were recruited: 12 currently CPR certified and 12 never-certified in CPR. Prior to viewing the video, never-certified subjects had an initial average compression rate per minute of 64.3 +/- 43.6 (mean +/- SD), compression depth of 26.8 +/- 17.1 mm, and 4 subjects (33%) called for help. After viewing the video, never-certified subjects had an increase in average compression rate to 103.9 +/- 20.7 per minute (p=0.006), a non-significant increase in depth to 35.4 +/- 11.1 mm, and 9 subjects called for help (75%). CPR certified subjects had an initial (pre-video) average compression rate of 119.3 +/- 15.2 per minute, compression depth of 46.3 +/- 10.4 mm, and 8 subjects (67%) called for help. After viewing the video, CPR certified subjects had a non-significant increase in average compression rate to 120.7 +/- 12.8 per minute, clinically insignificant compression depth decrease to 43.8 +/- 9.8 mm (p=0.022), and all 12 subjects (100%) called for help. One-factor analysis of variance testing revealed a significantly increased compression rate in never-certified compared with certified subjects (p=0.004).   Conclusions:  The use of a brief video and homemade CPR tool can significantly improve chest compression rate and increase calls for help in previously untrained individuals, compared with CPR certified individuals. Compression depths remained overall inadequate (
Prospective randomized phase III trial of triplet chemotherapy with paclitaxel + gemcitabine + cisplatin compared to standard doublet chemotherapy with vinorelbine + cisplatin in advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: J. Sorensen, O. Hansen, A. Vilmar, H. Frank
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

8034 Background: Paclitaxel + gemcitabine + cisplatin showed promising results in phase II with 59% response rate and 48 weeks median survival. Hence, it was compared to a standard doublet regimen to examine for superiority. Methods: Histologically verified inoperable NSCLC patients (pts) aged 18–75 years, performance status 0–2 and normal organ function were randomized to regimen A (paclitaxel 180 mg/m2 and cisplatin 100 mg/m2 day 1 with gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 day 1 and 8 every 3 weeks) or regimen B (cisplatin 100 mg/m2 day 1 and weekly i.v. vinorelbine every 4 weeks) for maximum 6 cycles. Totally 428 pts were needed to detect a 30% median survival increase with 80% power and two-sided type 1-error of 5%. Results: 221 pts.received reg. A and 222 reg. B. Overall, median age was 62 years (range 38–75 yrs), 58% were males, 11% had performance status 2, 62% stage IV disease, 46% adenocarcinoma, and 28% squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), equally distributed between the regimens. Median no. of treatment courses were 4 in both regimens. Frequencies of CTC grade 4 leucocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, or grade 3+4 nausea, neurotoxicity, or nephrotoxicity were 15%, 17%, 19%, 8%, and 8% in reg. A, and 18%, 5% (p=0.001), 17%, 11%(p=0.014), and 7% in reg. B, respectively. Febrile leucopenia episodes were 14% and 10% in reg. A and B, while thrombocytopenic bleedings occurred in 12% and 4% of pts (p=0.008), respectively, with two toxic deaths due to bleeding in reg. A and none in reg. B. Response rates were 52% and 49% in reg. A and reg. B, median response durations were 263 and 217 days (not significant), median times to progressions (TTP) 6.7 and 5.8 months (p=0.453), and median survival times 11.4 and 10.8 months (p=0.415), respectively. In SCC subtype, TTP was higher in reg. A than reg. B (medians 7.0 mths vs. 4.1 mths, p=0.001) and survival was increased (medians 13.5 mths vs 9.7 mths, p=0.020). Conclusions: The triplet regimen A had significantly higher activity in SCC, both with respect to TTP and to survival with median survival in excess of one year and may be preferred in this histologic subtype. [Table: see text]
Ophthalmic Manifestations and Long-Term Visual Outcomes in Patients with Cobalamin C Deficiency
Authors: Brian P. Brooks, Amy H. Thompson, Jennifer L. Sloan, Irini Manoli, Nuria Carrillo-Carrasco, Wadih M. Zein, Charles P. Venditti
Journal: Ophthalmology (2016)

To explore the ocular manifestations of cobalamin C (cblC) deficiency, an inborn error of intracellular vitamin B12 metabolism.Retrospective, observational case series.Twenty-five cblC patients underwent clinical and ophthalmic examination at the National Institutes of Health between August 2004 and September 2012. Patient ages ranged from 2 to 27 years at last ophthalmic visit, and follow-up ranged from 0 to 83 months (median, 37 months; range, 13-83 months) over a total of 69 visits.Best-corrected visual acuity, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, dilated fundus examination, wide-field photography, fundus autofluorescence imaging, sedated electroretinography, optical coherence tomography, genetics and metabolite assessment.Visual acuity and presence and degree of retinal degeneration and optic nerve pallor.Nystagmus (64%), strabismus (52%), macular degeneration (72%), optic nerve pallor (68%), and vascular changes (64%) were present. c.271dupA (p.R91KfsX14) homozygous patients (n = 14) showed early and extensive macular degeneration. Electroretinography showed that scotopic and photopic responses were reduced and delayed, but were preserved remarkably in some patients despite severe degeneration. Optical coherence tomography images through the central macular lesion of a patient with severe retinal degeneration showed extreme thinning, some preservation of retinal lamination, and nearly complete loss of the outer nuclear layer. Despite hyperhomocysteinemia, no patients exhibited lens dislocation.This longitudinal study reports ocular outcomes in the largest group of patients with cblC deficiency systematically examined at a single center over an extended period. Differences in progression and severity of macular degeneration, optic nerve pallor, and vascular attenuation between homozygous c.271dupA (p.R91KfsX14) patients and compound heterozygotes were noted. The pace and chronicity of ophthalmic manifestations lacked strict correlation to metabolic status as measured during visits. Prenatal or early treatment, or both, may have mitigated ocular disease, leading to better functional acuity, but patients still progressed to severe macular degeneration. The effects of prenatal or early treatment, or both, in siblings; the manifestation of severe disease in infancy; the presence of comorbid developmental abnormalities; and the possible laminar structural defect noted in many patients are findings showing that cblC deficiency displays a developmental as well as a degenerative ocular phenotype.
Prognostic value of clinical and molecular markers in advanced ovarian cancer (AOC): importance of residual (Rs) disease. Translational study using tumor specimens from EORTC 55931/NCIC OV10 Phase III Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT)
Authors: J. A. Green, F. Duffaud, C. Coens, S. Laframboise, I. Vergote, E. Eisenhauer, M. Bacon, W. Chapman, M. E. L. van der Burg, A. M. Oza
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

5005 Background: Rational selection of therapy in AOC requires molecular and prognostic profiling. We analyzed clinical (clin) and molecular (mol) markers from patients (pts) who participated in a multi-centre phase III RCT that demonstrated superiority of cisplatin (c)/paclitaxel over c/cyclophosphamide, and put these results in context of progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Methods: EORTC 55931/NCIC OV10 was a RCT that enrolled 680 pts between 1994 and 1995, with 391 from EORTC and NCIC CTG. Paraffin fixed tumor tissue was retrospectively retrieved and analyzed from 95 pts. Demographics of pts whose tissue was available were similar to the entire randomized population. 96% of pt had stage III/IV disease and 80% had Rs disease > 1cm when they commenced chemotherapy. Mol markers analyzed were P53, BCL2, P21, Mib-1, c-Erb B2, DNA ploidy, S-phase and mitotic index. Median follow-up time was 6.4 years. Mol and clin factors were analyzed as potential prognostic factors for PFS and OS, with stratification for treatment in univariate (UV) and multivariate (MV) analyses. P53 was measured independently in Amsterdam and Toronto for the entire group, with the results blinded to the testing laboratories. The concordance between the two data sets was a measure of quality control and reproducibility. Results: The correlation between the two laboratories for P53 status was high (Cohen’s Kappa coefficient 0.8; p<0.001). UV analysis: there was significant (S) correlation between size of Rs disease and PFS (p=0.002) as well as OS (p=0.02). Stage and mitotic index were S predictors of OS (p=0.05 and 0.02), but not PFS. MV analysis: only Rs tumor mass remained S for PFS (p=0.002) and OS (p=0.02). The Hazard Ratio for patients with Rs disease > 1cm compared with <1cm was 2.4 for OS and 2.8 for PFS. Other mol and clin factors provided no additional information and were not retained in the final model. Conclusion: Assessment of clin and mol markers in women with AOC demonstrates that Rs tumor volume is S for predicting PFS and OS. None of the mol factors measured were independent predictors of these outcomes. No significant financial relationships to disclose.