tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
La myotomie endoscopique: un possible traitement de référence de l'achalasie?
Authors: M Pioche, J Rivory, S Roman, Y Bouffard, P Sagnard, R Gincul, C Chambon-Augoyard, F Mion, T Ponchon
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

Les premières évaluations cliniques de la myotomie per-orale endoscopique (POEM) pour achalasie sont favorables, aussi bien en ce qui concerne les résultats cliniques et manomètriques, qu'en ce qui concerne les effets secondaires. Nous présentons les résultats d'une série prospective de POEM réalisée chez 39 patients. Les premiers patients étaient naïfs de tout traitement instrumental alors qu'après les 20 premier cas, l'indication de POEM a pu également être portée chez des patients ayant déjà été traités par myotomie chirurgicale ou dilatation endoscopique.
Microbiota-based model improves the sensitivity of fecal immunochemical test for detecting colonic lesions
Authors: Nielson T. Baxter, Mack T. Ruffin, Mary A. M. Rogers, Patrick D. Schloss
Journal: Genome Medicine (2016)

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of death among cancers in the United States. Although individuals diagnosed early have a greater than 90 % chance of survival, more than one-third of individuals do not adhere to screening recommendations partly because the standard diagnostics, colonoscopy and sigmoidoscopy, are expensive and invasive. Thus, there is a great need to improve the sensitivity of non-invasive tests to detect early stage cancers and adenomas. Numerous studies have identified shifts in the composition of the gut microbiota associated with the progression of CRC, suggesting that the gut microbiota may represent a reservoir of biomarkers that would complement existing non-invasive methods such as the widely used fecal immunochemical test (FIT). We sequenced the 16S rRNA genes from the stool samples of 490 patients. We used the relative abundances of the bacterial populations within each sample to develop a random forest classification model that detects colonic lesions using the relative abundance of gut microbiota and the concentration of hemoglobin in stool. The microbiota-based random forest model detected 91.7 % of cancers and 45.5 % of adenomas while FIT alone detected 75.0 % and 15.7 %, respectively. Of the colonic lesions missed by FIT, the model detected 70.0 % of cancers and 37.7 % of adenomas. We confirmed known associations of Porphyromonas assaccharolytica, Peptostreptococcus stomatis, Parvimonas micra, and Fusobacterium nucleatum with CRC. Yet, we found that the loss of potentially beneficial organisms, such as members of the Lachnospiraceae, was more predictive for identifying patients with adenomas when used in combination with FIT. These findings demonstrate the potential for microbiota analysis to complement existing screening methods to improve detection of colonic lesions.
DISECCION SUBMUCOSA ENDOSCÓPICA EN EL TRATAMIENTO DE NEOPLASIAS GASTROINTESTINALES: RESULTADOS INICIALES EN 45 PACIENTES
Authors: A Herreros De Tejada, M Hernández, JL Calleja, A Sánchez-Movilla, C Salas, P Matallanos, E Blázquez, JC Fernández-Rial, S González, JF García, L Abreu
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Introducción: La disección submucosa endoscópica (DSE) es una técnica ideal en el abordaje de neoplasias precoces del tracto digestivo (T1), particularmente lesiones de morfología plana-deprimida, tamaño superior a 20 mm y/o presencia de fibrosis submucosa.
Air in the Middle of the Abdomen
Authors: Fausto Catena, Salomone Di Saverio
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

A 66-year-old man presented with a 20-day history of constipation, lower abdominal and back pain, and fever. Two days before admission, his symptoms worsened, with nausea and passing flatus but not stool. The patient's medical history included acute diverticulitis that was managed conservatively. The abdomen was soft and slightly distended, with mild tenderness in the lower quadrants. The laboratory results showed leukocytosis (white-cell count, 10,890 per cubic millimeter). Plain radiography showed a large air bubble (>10 cm in diameter) centrally located in the abdomen (Panel A). Urgent abdominal computed tomography (CT), without the use of contrast medium, suggested that the . . .
Insurance Option Offers Terminal Patients Financial Freedom
Authors: N. Volkers
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Journal Article Insurance Option Offers Terminal Patients Financial Freedom Get access Nancy Volkers Nancy Volkers Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 83, Issue 20, 16 October 1991, Page 1442, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.20.1442 Published: 16 October 1991
PROGNOSIS AND RADIATION DOSE OF ULTRA-LOW DOSE (ULD) STRESS-ONLY MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION SPECT IN PATIENTS WITH CHEST PAIN USING A HIGH-EFFICIENCY CAMERA
Authors: Andrew Jeffrey Einstein, Lynne Johnson, Albert DeLuca, Andrew Kontak, Daniel Groves, Jennifer Stant, Ted Pozniakoff, Bin Cheng, Leroy Rabbani, Sabahat Bokhari
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Mortality in relation to smoking: 22 years' observations on female British doctors.
Authors: R Doll, R Gray, B Hafner, R Peto
Journal: BMJ (1980)

A total of 6194 female doctors who in 1951 replied to a questionnaire about their smoking habits were followed up prospectively for 22 years. During that time 1094 died. Ischaemic heart disease, lung cancer, and chronic obstructive lung disease were all significantly (p < 0.001) related to smoking, though the absolute excess risks were lower than in male doctors smoking equivalent amounts. Female smokers born before the first world war were less likely to describe themselves as inhalers or as having started to smoke while young than were female smokers who were born later. In these respects this younger group resembled male smokers, and as they move into their 60s and 70s their absolute risk of lung disease and relative risk of ischaemic heart disease will probably come to resemble the risks for men smoking the same numbers of cigarettes. These findings show only that cigarette smoking causes lung cancer, chronic obstructive lung disease, and heart disease in women as in men. Whether the proportional increase in mortality from these diseases is as great in women as in men might be estimated directly from new case-control studies on men and women born since 1920.
P5-06-05: Switching Addictions between HER2 and FGFR2 in HER2−Positive Breast Tumor Cells: FGFR2 as a Potential Target for Salvage after Lapatinib Failure.
Authors: J Tsurutani, K Azuma, K Sakai, T Aaro, K Nishio, K Nakagawa
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Agents that target HER2 have improved the prognosis of patients with HER2−amplified breast cancers. However, patients who initially respond to such targeted therapy eventually develop resistance to the treatment. We have established a line of lapatinib-resistant breast cancer cells (UACC812/LR) by chronic exposure of HER2-amplified and lapatinib-sensitive UACC812 cells to the drug. The mechanism by which UACC812/LR acquired resistance to lapatinib was explored using comprehensive gene hybridization. The FGFR2 gene in UACC812/LR was highly amplified, accompanied by overexpression of FGFR2 and reduced expression of HER2, and a cell proliferation assay showed that the IC50 of PD173074, a small-molecule inhibitor of FGFR tyrosine kinase, was 10,000 times lower in UACC812/LR than in the parent cells. PD173074 decreased the phosphorylation of FGFR2 and substantially induced apoptosis in UACC812/LR, but not in the parent cells. FGFR2 appeared to be a pivotal molecule for the survival of UACC812/LR as they became independent of the HER2 pathway, suggesting that a switch of addiction from the HER2 to the FGFR2 pathway enabled cancer cells to become resistant to HER2−targeted therapy. The present study is the first to implicate FGFR in the development of resistance to lapatinib in cancer, and suggests that FGFR-targeted therapy might become a promising salvage strategy after lapatinib failure in patients with HER2−positive breast cancer. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-06-05.
Association between copper transporter receptor 1(CTR1) expression and pathologic outcomes in cisplatin (Pt)-treated bladder cancer (BC) patients.
Authors: Deepak Kilari, Kenneth Iczkowski, Adam Robin, Chintan Pandya, Kathryn A. Bylow, Peter Langenstroer, Edward M. Messing, Elizabeth A. Guancial, Eric S. Kim
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e15516 Background: Pt- based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is the standard of care for muscle invasive BC. The overall survival benefit with NAC is driven by a subset of patients with pathologic complete response (pCR) at cystectomy. Non-responders are subject to the adverse effects of Pt, with a delay in definitive surgical treatment, as there are currently no predictive biomarkers for Pt responsiveness. Copper transporter CTR1 plays an important role in platinum uptake. Low CTR1 expression correlated with worse clinical outcome and reduced intratumoral platinum levels in patients with non-small cell lung cancer following platinum based therapy. The role of CTR1 in modulating Pt sensitivity in BC remains unknown. We investigated the relationship between CTR1 expression and pathologic outcomes in Pt-treated BC tissue. Methods: We identified paraffin-embedded tumor specimens from cystectomy or TURBT (if at cystectomy there was no residual tumor), in 26 patients with T2 or higher disease who received Pt- based NAC at the Medical College of Wisconsin. Tumor and adjacent normal tissue were stained with CTR1 antibody (Novus). Expression of CTR1 was determined by immunohistochemistry with adequate controls by two pathologists blinded to the outcome; 0 = undetectable; 1+ = minimal cytoplasmic staining; 2+ = moderate staining; and 3+ = intense staining. Pathologic outcome was compared between CTR1 expression groups. Results: CTR1 expression significantly correlated with pathologic response to Pt-based NAC (P=0.01). In particular, CTR1 expression scores of 3+ were associated with pCR or down-staging to non-muscle invasive disease (Ta, Tis). CTR1 expression differed between tumor vs. adjacent normal tissue. Conclusions: To our knowledge this is the first study investigating the relationship between tumor CTR1 expression and response to Pt-based NAC in patients with BC. Increased CTR1 expression was significantly associated with a greater likelihood of pathologic down-staging including pCR, suggesting that CTR1 may modulate Pt sensitivity in BC. Prospective evaluation with a larger sample size is required.
PTU-116 Transplantation for ALD: Lessons from the Explant
Authors: J G Brain, S Masson, A Burt
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) remains one of the commonest indications for liver transplantation in Europe. The histological features of ALD vary, depending on extent and stage of injury, No features are reliably pathognomonic of ALD. We describe the histological spectrum of explants of well characterised cohort of patients undergoing transplantation for ALD. <h3>Methods</h3> Consecutive explants (n = 84) of patients transplanted for ALD in our institution between 2002 and 2011 were selected for retrospective histological assessment. Explants were scored blinded by two pathologists using a predetermined pro-forma. Histological assessment including the presence and degree of cirrhosis, steatosis, inflammation, inclusions, siderosis and neoplastic changes were scored semi-quantitatively. <h3>Results</h3> Median age was 54 and the majority (70%) were male. All patients had a long history of alcohol excess but reported abstinence for at least 6 months by transplantation. The aetiology was ALD (n = 80) and mixed ALD/HCV (n = 4). The majority (n = 83) had a mixed or macronodular cirrhosis with evidence of re-modelling in a significant number; one had pre-septal cirrhosis. Alpha-1 antitrypsin inclusion bodies were seen in 9 (10.7%); only 4 of these had serum A1AT levels below normal. Parenchymal siderosis was present in 39 (46.4%); in 19 (22.6%) this was grade 3–4. Amongst these, only single mutations of the HFE gene were identified. Induced cell change was seen in 67 (79.8%) and 47 (56%) had the “abstinent cell” phenotype. While 46 (54.8%) had Mallory-denk bodies (MDB), 22 (26.1% of total) patients had both “abstinent cells” and MDB. Ballooning (n = 45, 53.6%) and steatosis (n = 31, 36.9%) were also seen. HCC was present in 14 (16.7%), with dysplastic nodules in 15 (17.9%), small-cell change in 20 (23.8%) and large-cell change 50 (59.5%). Phlebosclerosis and parenchymal extinction were universal findings. <h3>Conclusion</h3> We describe a wide spectrum of histological features in a large cohort transplanted for end-stage ALD. We demonstrate that despite abstinence, over half have residual MDB and ballooning. Conversely, over half had the recently described “abstinent cell” phenotype. Therefore, the presence of MDB should not be used as evidence of continued alcohol consumption; the presence of induced or abstinent cells correlates more strongly with reported abstinence. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
FRI0209 Comparison of serum matrix metalloproteinase-3 levels in rheumatoid arthritis after treatment with adalimumub or abatacept for 24 weeks
Authors: Y. Hattori, T. Kojima, N. Takahashi, K. Funahashi, D. Kato, M. Hanabayashi, N. Ishiguro
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> MMP-3 is an enzyme produced by synoviocytes, and is a marker of synovitis that gives a more direct indication of actual joint destruction than either C-reactive protein (CRP)in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). <h3>Objectives</h3> Our aim in this study is to investigate the impact of the trend of MMP-3 and CRP during the treatment Adalimumub (ADA) and Abatacept (ABT) in the early stage of RA patients. <h3>Methods</h3> Among 295 patients with active RA (DAS28-CRP≥2.7) who were recruited in the multicenter study group (Tsurumai Biologics Communication Registry; TBCR), 154 patients were received ADA (40mg subcutaneously every other week) and 141 patients were received ABT therapy (500mg for&lt;60 kg; 750 mg for 60 kg-100 kg; and 1 gram for&gt;100 kg infusion at week 0, 2, 4 and every 4 weeks). DAS28-CRP remission (DAS28-CRP&lt;2.3) rates at 24 weeks were 34.2% (38/111) for ADA therapy and 19.7% (23/117) for ABT therapy. We analyzed 61patients who had DAS28-CRP remission at 24 weeks, consisting of 38 patients in ADA group and 23 patients in ABT group respectively. We compared the change in serum MMP-3 and CRP levels from first administration to 24 weeks between the two groups. <h3>Results</h3> While there was significant baseline difference in age, methotrexate (MTX) use between the two groups, there was no significant baseline difference in serum MMP-3 and CRP levels between the two groups (Table). Serum MMP-3 and CRP levels decreased promptly at 4 weeks. The change in serum MMP-3 levels at 4, 12, and 24 weeks was significantly greater in the ADA group than in the ABT group (Fig. 1). However, the change in CRP levels at 4, 12, and 24 weeks had no significant deference between the two groups (Fig. 2). Similarly the % change in serum MMP-3 levels at 4, 12, and 24 weeks was significantly greater in the ADA group than in the ABT group (Fig. 3) and there was no difference in the % change in CRP levels at 4, 12, and 24 weeks between the two groups (Fig. 4). <h3>Image/graph</h3> <h3>Conclusions</h3> ADA showed improvements in serum MMP-3 levels from an early stage in 24 weeks in a comparison with ABT. ADA can suppress synovitis and therefore the progression of joint destruction by strongly inhibiting MMP-3 when it is administered from an early stage. <b>Disclosure of Interest</b>: Y. Hattori: None Declared, T. Kojima Speakers bureau: Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Takeda Pharma Corporation, Eisai Pharma Corporation, Chugai Pharma Corporation, Abbott, Bristol-Myers Squibb and Pfizer, N. Takahashi: None Declared, K. Funahashi: None Declared, D. Kato: None Declared, M. Hanabayashi: None Declared, N. Ishiguro Speakers bureau: Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Takeda Pharma Corporation, Eisai Pharma Corporation, Chugai Pharma Corporation, Abbott, Bristol-Myers Squibb and Pfizer
Esophageal microabscesses: an alternative presentation of eosinophilic esophagitis
Authors: Kristof Verraes, David Strybol, Ingrid Demedts, Raf Bisschops, Philip Roelandt
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

A 33-year old male patient was referred to the endoscopy unit because of heartburn and dysphagia lasting for 6 weeks. Symptoms improved only slightly after 4 weeks' treatment with pantoprazole. No information was available regarding his medical history or medication intake.
AB0124 Inhibitory Effects of A Novel Bispecific Antibody against Tnf-Alpha and CXCL10 in Animal Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: H.J. Yoo, S.H. Park, S.Y. Kim, S.E. Kang, J.E. Song, K. Shin, E.Y. Lee, E.B. Lee, Y.W. Park, H.S. Kang, Y.W. Song
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and monoclonal antibodies targeting TNF-α are used as a popular therapeutic interventions in RA patients. CXCL10 is a chemokine that potentially plays a role in the immunopathogenesis of RA. The development of bispecific antibody (BiAb) as a therapeutic agent for RA may have great clinical potential. We constructed a single-chain BiAb against both TNF-α and CXCL10 (IgG-based format). <h3>Objectives</h3> We investigated the inhibitory effects of BiAb targeting TNF-α and CXCL10 on <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> model of RA. <h3>Methods</h3> We performed TNF-α neutralization assay using WEHI cell and tube formation assay of HUVEC cell to investigate TNF-α antagonistic effect of BiAb. Then we performed T cell migration assay induced by CXCL10 using transwell system and inhibitory assay of osteoclastogenesis. The effects of BiAb were determined by arthritis severity score, histological damage in Tg197 human TNF transgenic mice. <h3>Results</h3> BiAb suppressed TNF-α comparatively with adalimumab in TNF-α neutralization assay, tube formation assay and osteoclast differentiation. Cell migration induced by CXCL10 was inhibited by BiAb dose dependently. Treatment with BiAb resulted in beneficial effects on clinical and histological parameters of Tg197 human TNF transgenic mice model. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our results demonstrate the novel BiAb effectively neutralized TNF-α and CXCL10 <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> model of rheumatoid arthritis. We suggest that BiAb could be a promising biologic agent for the treatment of RA. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3074
P3-09-01: Change in Carbohydrate Intake and Breast Cancer Prognosis.
Authors: JA Emond, RE Patterson, JP Pierce
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Breast tumors over express insulin-like-growth-factor receptors (IGF-IR), and levels of expression may be inversely related to tumor grade. Dietary factors, particularly carbohydrate intake, may stimulate activation of IGF-1R and affect prognosis. METHODS: Data are from N=2,651 women in the Women's Healthy Eating and Living (WHEL) Dietary Intervention trial, a plant based intervention trial that did not have a carbohydrate goal. All women were diagnosed with breast cancer within the previous 4 years. Carbohydrate dietary intake data were extracted from multiple 24-hour dietary recalls at study entry and one year, and were compared by recurrence status. Time to recurrence was modeled on year-one change in carbohydrate intake adjusted for baseline intake, menopausal status, and disease, treatment, and study characteristics. RESULTS: Baseline carbohydrate intake was 233 g/day. Women who recurred had a mean increase in carbohydrate intake over the first year, compared to those who did not recur (2.3 vs. −2.7 g/day; p=0.188). Change in starch intakes accounted for 48% of the change in carbohydrate intake (R-squared: 48%; p&amp;lt;0.001). Baseline starch intake did not differ by recurrence status (95.8 g/day; p=0.219). Mean year-one change in starch intake was −4.1 g/day among women who recurred vs. −8.7 g/day among women who did not recur (p=0.015). Year-one change in starch intake was independent of the study intervention (p=0.326). In the adjusted model, a 5-g/day increase in starch related to a 3% increased risk of recurrence (HR=1.03; 95% CI 1.01 - 1.06; p=0.017). The increased risk was limited to women diagnosed with low grade tumors (Table 1). DISCUSSION: Dietary modifications targeting starch intake warrant further investigation as a preventive measure against breast cancer recurrence. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-09-01.
Researcher who had job offer withdrawn sues anonymous commentator for defamation
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

A cancer researcher who threatened to sue the website PubPeer over anonymous comments questioning his research has filed a “John Doe” suit alleging defamation and has subpoenaed the website’s moderators to reveal all the information they hold that might identify the commentators.

Fazlul Sarkar, of Wayne State University in Michigan, alleges that anonymous emails quoting comments from PubPeer were sent to the University of Mississippi, which had just offered him a lucrative tenured post. The offer was withdrawn after his prospective employers saw the comments, in which PubPeer users drew attention to perceived similarities between images in different research papers he had authored.1 Sarkar contends that these claims are unfounded. 

He also alleges that what appear to be PubPeer comments from several users are in fact largely the work of one or two unidentified people from Wayne State University, motivated by malice. These users posted under multiple names to …
NI-08 * OPTIMIZATION OF MOLECULAR MR IMAGING OF GLIOMA
Authors: B. Blasiak, S. Barnes, A. Abulrob, A. Obenaus, B. Tomanek
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: MRI has been widely recognized as a diagnostic tool for early cancer detection, treatment monitoring and image guided surgery. Of particular interest is imaging of high-grade gliomas due to their rapid growth and very poor prognosis with a median survival rate of only 9 months. Standard contrast enhanced MRI, not provide sufficiently high specificity for tumor diagnosis and thus require targeted contrast agents which can be applied to provide information on tumor status. Therefore we applied targeted contrast agents based on iron oxide, that shorten mostly T2 relaxation time. The aim of this study was to optimize contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) using spin-echo (SE), gradient echo (GE) and GE with flow compensation (GEFC) pulse sequences in T2 contrast-enhanced molecular MRI of glioma. METHODS: A mouse model of glioma and 9.4T MRI were used. MR imaging was performed. The CNR was measured prior, 20 min, 2 hrs and 24 hrs post intravenous tail administration of the glioma targeted paramagnetic nanoparticles (NPs) using spin-echo (SE), gradeint-ech (GE), gradient-echo flow compensation (GEFC) pulse sequences. Susceptibility weighted images (SWI) based on GEFC were also obtained for comparison. RESULTS: The results showed significant differences in CNR among all pulse sequences prior injection. GEFC provided higher CNR post contrast agent injection when compared to GE and SE. Post injection CNR was the highest with SWI and significantly different from any other pulse sequence. The optimum CNR was found to be TE = 7 ms for GE and GEFC pulse sequences and TE = 60 ms for SE. CONCLUSION: The study showed, that molecular MR imaging using targeted contrast agents can enhance the detection of glioma cells at 9.4T if the optimal pulse sequence is used. Hence, the use of flow compensated pulse sequences, beside SWI, should to be considered in the molecular imaging studies.