tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Long-term outcome of patients treated with docetaxel for hormone-dependent prostate-specific antigen (PSA) progression after local therapy for prostate cancer
Authors: A. Mehta, R. Anand, M. N. Stein, W. J. Shih, S. Goodin, R. S. DiPaola
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

16030 Background: Mechanisms of chemotherapy resistance increase as cancer progresses, and a treatment approach that targets prostate tumors early, before hormonal therapy, may result in an improved outcome. A long-term outcomes analysis of our prior published study (treating patients for up to 8 months of docetaxel) was conducted to determine if the natural history of patients with PSA progression was altered by docetaxel. Methods: Twenty patients treated on our prior study were assessed for long-term follow up at a median of 9.4 years. All patients were followed until PSA progression (increase of 2 ng/mL over nadir) without the introduction of androgen ablation therapy, but may have received androgen ablation prior to radiographic progression (i.e., metastatic disease). One patient was excluded from the current analysis due to stage D1 disease pre-trial. Time to PSA progression, time to radiographic progression, and mortality were assessed. Comparisons were made between responders and non-responders to docetaxel (responders = PSA decrease ≥ 50%). Kaplan-Meier curves were constructed for the time to radiographic progression and mortality data. Results: Nineteen patients were treated on the original study with a mean time to PSA progression after local therapy of 3.3 years and a mean pre-trial PSA doubling time of 186 days. On docetaxel therapy, 8 (42%) of 19 patients demonstrated a decrease in PSA by ≥ 50% for at least 4 weeks. The median time to PSA progression after trial end was 57.5 vs. 20.0 days among PSA responders and non-responders respectively. The median time to radiographic progression from diagnosis of prostate cancer was 56.5 (95% CI: 27.7 to 99.8) vs. 45.3 months (95% CI: 40.3 to 82.5) among PSA responders and non-responders respectively. There were 4 deaths in the follow up period. Conclusions: Although treatment with docetaxel did not appear to alter overall progression in this small study, the trend towards longer time to disease progression in PSA responders suggests activity, and warrants larger studies of chemotherapy in this patient population. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Comparative Study of Skin Homografts of Normal Donors and Donors With Malignant Neoplasia in a Host With Malignant Disease. A Preliminary Report2
Authors: E. Robinson, N. Ben-Hur, J. Shulman, A. Hochman, Z. Neuman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1965)

Twenty-five patients with malignant neoplasia were subjected to homograft transplantation. Each received 2 skin grafts, 1 from a normal donor and 1 from a donor with malignant neoplasia. Twenty patients rejected the skin homograft from the normal donor earlier, 3 rejected both grafts simultaneously, and 2 patients who received the graft of the donor with malignant neoplasia rejected it earlier. The possible mechanisms that may be responsible are loss of antigen in the skin of the patient and/or similarity in the antigens among patients with malignant neoplasia.
Abstract 11023: Low Systolic Blood Pressure at Admission Identifies Patients with Decompensated Heart Failure Who Are Undergoing Slow Continuous Ultrafiltration at High Risk of Short Term Mortality
Authors: Maria Patarroyo, Edgard Wehbe, Hanna Mazen, Sevag Demirjian, W.H. Wilson Tang
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction Slow continuous ultrafiltration (SCUF) has emerged as a new therapeutic modality to improve volume overload and potentially reduce re-hospitalizations in decompensated heart failure pa...
Characterization of Mammotrophs Separated From the Human Pituitary Gland 2
Authors: W. C. Hymer, Jeanne Snyder, William Wilfinger, Richard Bergland, Bernard Fisher, Olof Pearson
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

Journal Article Characterization of Mammotrophs Separated From the Human Pituitary Gland Get access W. C. Hymer, W. C. Hymer Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jeanne Snyder, Jeanne Snyder Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar William Wilfinger, William Wilfinger Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Richard Bergland, Richard Bergland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Bernard Fisher, Bernard Fisher Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Olof Pearson Olof Pearson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 57, Issue 5, November 1976, Pages 995–1007, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/57.5.995 Published: 01 November 1976 Article history Received: 25 November 1975 Accepted: 26 April 1976 Published: 01 November 1976
Increases in Acute Hepatitis B Virus Infections — Kentucky, Tennessee, and West Virginia, 2006–2013
Authors: Aaron M. Harris, Kashif Iqbal, Sarah Schillie, James Britton, Marion A. Kainer, Stacy Tressler, Claudia Vellozzi
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2016)

As many as 2.2 million persons in the United States are chronically infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) (1), and approximately 15%-25% of persons with chronic HBV infection will die prematurely from cirrhosis or liver cancer (2). Since 2006, the overall U.S. incidence of acute HBV infection has remained stable; the rate in 2013 was 1.0 case per 100,000 persons (3). Hepatitis B vaccination is highly effective in preventing HBV infection and is recommended for all infants (beginning at birth), all adolescents, and adults at risk for HBV infection (e.g., persons who inject drugs, men who have sexual contact with men, persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus [HIV], and others). Hepatitis B vaccination coverage is low among adults: 2013 National Health Interview Survey data indicated that coverage with ≥3 doses of hepatitis B vaccine was 32.6% for adults aged 19-49 years (4). Injection drug use is a risk factor for both hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HBV. Among young adults in some rural U.S. communities, an increased incidence of HCV infection has been associated with a concurrent increase of injection drug use (5); and recent data indicate an increase of acute HCV infection in the Appalachian region associated with injection drug use (6). Using data from the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS) during 2006-2013, CDC assessed the incidence of acute HBV infection in three of the four Appalachian states (Kentucky, Tennessee, and West Virginia) included in the HCV infection study (6). Similar to the increase of HCV infections recently reported, an increase in incident cases of acute HBV infection in these three states has occurred among non-Hispanic whites (whites) aged 30-39 years who reported injection drug use as a common risk factor. Since 2009, cases of acute HBV infection have been reported from more non-urban than urban regions. Evidence-based services to prevent HBV infection are needed.
Rupture of the Pregnant Uterus in Eastern Libya
Authors: Mohammad Sayedur Rahman, Roger J Fothergill
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1979)

One hundred and forty-six cases of rupture of the uterus during labour are reported and obstetric practice is described in Eastern Libya, where these disasters took place. The incidence and the causes of uterine rupture in Libya differ greatly from those in developed countries; high multiparity is a frequent cause. Hysterectomy is very often the best treatment. More than three-quarters of the children were lost, but 92% of the mothers were saved.
Early signs of hemoptysis, the advance CT approach
Authors: Tamara Milosavljevic, Aleksandar Ivkovic
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Hemoptysis, the act of coughing up blood, is an important symptom since it frequently reflects serious underlying lung disease. If the hemoptysis is substantial, persistent, or recurrent then further evaluation is indicated, particularly since patients with chronic bronchitis related to smoking are at high risk for lung cancer.

The aim of the study is to incorporate advance CT procedures in determining the right cause of hemoptysis and finding the right area of bleeding.

Material and methods: All patients were examined of 16 or 64 MDCT. We use standard lung procedure and all advanced MDCT methods, like 3D virtual bronchoscopy, nodule check, MDCT pulmonary angiography, very slow infusion injection of contrast agent, very fast bolus injection of contrast agent and wide specter of filters.

Results: We examined 1536 patients with coughing up blood and compared results on the most common causes with standard methods. Male patients were 917 and female 619, middle age of patients were 56.4 years. Our first aim was to find lung cancers in patients with recurrent hemoptysis where standard methods were insufficient. We found 18.76% more lung carcinomas in compare with standard procedures. Our second aim was to find right place of bleeding. In compare with standard methods we found the right place of bleeding in 21.54% more patients that with standard methods.

Conclusion: Improvements with advanced technics are significant. Important is to notice that advanced technics are not invasive and in any case danger to patients health.
Burkitt's Lymphoma: Its Clinical Course in Relation to Immunologic Reactivities to Epstein-Barr Virus and Tumor-Related Antigens2
Authors: Francis Nkrumah, Werner Henle, Gertrude Henle, Ronald Herberman, Virginia Perkins, Robert Depue
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

Journal Article Burkitt's Lymphoma: Its Clinical Course in Relation to Immunologic Reactivities to Epstein-Barr Virus and Tumor-Related Antigens Get access Francis Nkrumah, Francis Nkrumah Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Werner Henle, Werner Henle Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Gertrude Henle, Gertrude Henle Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Ronald Herberman, Ronald Herberman Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Virginia Perkins, Virginia Perkins Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Robert Depue Robert Depue 7 7Address reprint requests to Dr. Depue. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 57, Issue 5, November 1976, Pages 1051–1056, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/57.5.1051 Published: 01 November 1976 Article history Received: 11 February 1976 Accepted: 10 May 1976 Published: 01 November 1976
Results and Outcome of Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection for Clinical Stage I Embryonal Carcinoma–Predominant Testis Cancer
Authors: Christopher J. Sweeney, Benoit P. Hermans, Douglas K. Heilman, Richard S. Foster, John P. Donohue, Lawrence H. Einhorn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2000)

PURPOSE: To determine the incidence of metastatic disease and usage of chemotherapy (adjuvant or metastatic) after primary retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) in patients with clinical stage (CS) I embryonal carcinoma (EC)–predominant testicular cancer. EC predominance was defined as the presence of EC at a level greater than that of any other histologic diagonsis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: All CS I patients with nonseminomatous germ cell tumors who underwent RPLND at Indiana University from 1990 to 1995 were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: Two-year follow-up was available for 292 of 320 patients. EC-predominant disease was found in 125 (42.8%) of 292. Eighty-five (68.0%) of 125 patients with EC-predominant disease had pathologic stage (PS) I, and 18 (21.2%) of this group of 85 relapsed. A significantly lower PS I relapse rate of 3% was found for patients who had non–EC-predominant disease (P &lt; .0001). PS II disease was more frequent in patients with EC predominance, as 40 (32.0%) of 125 had retroperitoneal metastases, compared with 26 (15.6%) of 167 patients with a non–EC-predominant histologic diagnosis (P = .0024). Chemotherapy was administered to 48 (38.4%) of the 125 patients with CS I EC-predominant disease after RPLND. This included 25 CS I patients with PS II disease who received adjuvant chemotherapy in addition to 23 patients who subsequently required chemotherapy for relapse after RPLND. Ten (66.6%) of 15 PS II EC-predominant patients were cured by surgery alone. Currently, all 125 EC-predominant patients are disease-free. CONCLUSION: Patients with CS I EC-predominant disease are at a relatively high risk for metastatic disease.
Nephron Number and Renal Risk in Hypertension and Diabetes
Authors: Marie-Luise Gross, Kerstin Amann, Eberhard Ritz
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2005)

It has been proposed that "nephron underdosing," <i>i.e.</i>, a low number of nephrons at the time of birth, is linked to essential hypertension and a greater propensity to develop progressive loss of renal function after renal injury. This hypothesis was confirmed recently by examining the number of glomeruli in patients with essential hypertension. The mechanisms through which a low number of nephrons causes hypertension have not been clarified, but it is likely that functional changes in postglomerular segments of the nephron, <i>e.g.</i>, handling of sodium, play an important role. Neonatal uninephrectomy increases BP, renders BP salt sensitive, and renders the kidney more susceptible to damage. Apart from genetic factors, fetal/maternal malnutrition during pregnancy seems to play an important role in the pathogenesis of nephron underdosing. Furthermore, intrauterine programming during organogenesis, <i>e.g.</i>, by hyperglycemia, seems to be important: In animal experiments, offspring of either hyperglycemic or diabetic mothers have fewer nephrons.
Outcome prediction in estrogen-receptor positive, chemotherapy- and tamoxifen-treated patients with locally advanced breast cancer
Authors: R. Simon, G. Bianchini, M. Zambetti, S. Govi, G. Mariani, M. L. Carcangiu, P. Valagussa, L. Gianni
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

11104 Background: Recurrence Score (RS) assay (Oncotype DX) predicts recurrence and chemotherapy (CMF) benefit in node-negative, estrogen-receptor (ER) positive, tamoxifen-treated patients. Methods: Fifty-seven ER positive, locally advanced breast cancer patients underwent therapy with a doxorubicin-paclitaxel regimen before surgery followed by adjuvant CMF and tamoxifen. RT-PCR assays were used by Genomic Health to quantify expression of 384 genes on paraffin-embedded core biopsies. Excluding RS genes, survival risk groups were constructed using the supervised principal component method implemented in BRB-ArrayTools. Three models were developed: one for expression data, one for RS, age and inflammatory status, and one for a combination of these covariates and expression data. For each model a Leave-One-Out-Cross-Validation was used to evaluate the predictive value. Statistical significance was determined by repeating the entire cross-validation process 1,000 random permutations of the survival data. For the combined covariate-gene model the p value addressed whether the expression data adds significantly to risk prediction compared to the covariates. Results: The median follow-up was 76 months (range 18–103). The identified models based on expression data only or combined with covariates shared 7 genes (BECN1, STS, IL10, ABCC4, ABCC1, DHPS, ERBB3) while the first model included also, IRS1, FOXA1, ERCC1, ZSCAN21, FUS, HPN, ECGF1. The table reported the predicted 5-years Distant-Event Free-Survival and Overall-Survival for the three models. Conclusion: These findings suggested a prediction improvement by the combined model over RS and clinical covariates in these patients. An external validation is warranted. Model Risk Group DEFS p OS Genes Low 0.88 0.08 0.96 High 0.38 0.64 Covariates Low 0.76 0.01 0.89 High 0.44 0.67 Combined Low 0.83 0.01 0.93 High 0.36 0.63 No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Cetuximab and irinotecan/5-FU/FA (AIO) as first line treatment in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): Final results and pharmacokinetic data of a phase I/IIa study
Authors: G. Folprecht, M. P. Lutz, T. Seufferlein, P. Schoeffski, A. Nolting, P. Pollert, C.-H. Koehne
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

3640 Background: The EGFR- antibody cetuximab has been shown to be active in patients with mCRC failing an irinotecan-containing therapy. We performed a phase I/IIa study to evaluate cetuximab with CPT-11, 5-FU and LV in the first-line therapy of patients with mCRC. Methods: Patients with untreated, EGFR-expressing, mCRC received cetuximab 250 mg/m2 weekly after an initial dose of 400 mg/m2, and chemotherapy (80 mg/m2 irinotecan, 500 mg/m2 FA and 1,500 mg/m2 (low-dose group, LDG) or 2,000 mg/m2 (high-dose group, HDG) 5-FU [24h] weekly x 6, q 50 days). Dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) were defined as neutropenia or skin toxicity > grade 3, any febrile neutropenia/leukopenia, or thrombopenia, diarrhea, mucositis, hepatic toxicity > grade 2 and other relevant organ toxicity > grade 1, each in the first cycle. Results: After inclusion of 6 pts at the dose level of 1,500 mg/m2 5-FU without occurrence of DLTs, 15 pts. were enrolled at the dose level of 2,000 mg/m2. At this dose level, 3 DLTs were observed (2 pts. diarrhea grade 3, 1 pt. diarrhea grade 4). However, the dose intensity was ≤ 80% in 7/14 pts. in the HDG due to dose modifications (7/14 pts) and delays (11/14 pts). Therefore, we recommend 1.500 mg/m2 5-FU for further trials. Diarrhea grade 3/4 occurred in 0/6 (LDG) and 6/15 (HDG) pts and skin toxicity grade 3/4 in 8/21 pts during the entire study period. Other grade 3/4 toxicity was rare (1/21 pts with leukopenia, 1/21 with nausea/vomiting, 3/21 with thrombosis or cardiac events). Pharmacokinetics of cetuximab were not influenced by the different 5-FU dose levels: Mean values of AUC0-t (μg/mL*h) accounted for 14145 and 17342 (week 1 and 4, LDG) or 13335 and 12959 (HDG). Cmax in week 1 and 4 was 202 and 183μg/mL (LDG) or 187 and 163μg/mL (HDG), respectively. Mean t1/2 increased from 89 to 122h (LDG) or 84 to 97h (HDG). 14 out of 21 pts. achieved objective responses (67%, 95% CI: 47–87%; 2 pts. CR, 12 pts. PR, 6 pts. SD, 1 pts. PD). Secondary resection of liver metastases was performed in 4/21 pts (19%). Conclusions: Cetuximab in combination with irinotecan, 5-FU and FA is a safe and feasible regimen with promising activity. The lower dose level of 5-FU is recommended for further studies. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Merck KGaA Merck KGaA
The evaluation of local right ventricle contractility in patients with COPD
Authors: Olga Zhuk, Aleksei Gichkin, Vitaly Petley, Albeth Alexandrov
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

The aim of this study to estimate the possibilities of tissue Doppler (TDI) in patients with COPD. Is known that the violations of the contractile activity of the right ventricle (RV) in patients with lung diseases leads to the formation of right heart failure, pulmonary hypertension and remodeling the right cameras.  Materials. We studied 15 patients with stage 2 and 3 COPD, mean age 67±6.7 years. Right heart function was studied by echocardiography with tissue Doppler analysis.  Results. The evaluation of TDI found that the velocity of movement of the lateral part of tricuspid annulus (TA) in patients with COPD averaged 7.2±2.1 cm/s, that indicating the presence of RV dysfunction. The ratio of peak velocities of TA, estimated by pulsed mode TDI represented an average 0.71±0.23. This is indicative of RV diastolic dysfunction in these patients. Systolic displacement myocardium of RV (lateral part of the TA, basal segment of RV free wall) using tissue tracking in average composed 8-11 mm, timing shift of the basal and middle segments of the of RV free wall, assessed by tissue synchronization imaging in average composed 9-12 ms. All of this violations were more expressed at stages 3 of COPD. Systolic displacement amplitude of different myocardial segments of RV decreased from basal to apical segments (as in a normally functioning heart), but the average values were lower in patients with stage 3 COPD and depend on the severity of pulmonary hypertension.  Conclusion. Thus, the use of echocardiography with TDI can detect violations of RV myocardial already at stage 2 disease. This may contribute to the timely correction treatment for patients with the emerging secondary cor pulmonale.
Trainees have much to gain from working in the United States
Authors: M. Parr, D. Gabbott, P. Baskett, J. Criswell, A. Dow, A. Hunter, P. Martin, R. Patey, J. Nolan, B. Randalls, F. Millar, P. Donahue, F. Forrest, I. Ryder, G. Craig
Journal: BMJ (1996)

maintenance organisations and capitation are here to stay, and large drops in clinical earnings are predicted.Partners earning high salaries are reducing their holidays and supervising more certified nurse anaesthetists rather than employing another partner and reducing income.It is rumoured that deans of medical schools are dissuading medical students from entering training in anaesthesia.The staffing crisis in teaching hospitals is only just starting and has yet to be resolved.Academic anaesthesiologists, who are accustomed to
The Evolution of Laser Technology in Dermatology
Authors: Vidhi V. Shah, Adam S. Aldahan, Stephanie Mlacker, Keyvan Nouri
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2016)

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