tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Neonatal blue-light phototherapy and melanocyte nevus count in children
Authors: E. Mahé, A. Beauchet, P. Aegerter, P. Saiag
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

9068 Background: One of the most important risk factor for melanoma is the number of acquired nevi in childhood. For a few years, the responsibility of neonatal blue-light phototherapy, a very effective treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, has been discussed in the increase of melanocytic nevi in childhood or adolescence with discordant results according to studies. So we designed a study to assess the effect of neonatal blue-light phototherapy on melanocytic nevus count in a large cohort of nine-year old children. Methods: We counted back and arm nevus (according to their size 5 mm) in a cohort of 961 nine-year old children included in a French campaign of photoprotection. History of neonatal phototherapy, phototype (Fitzpatrick’s classification), skin, hair and eye colours, sunburns were assessed through parents’questionnaires while nevus counting was performed by trained nurses blinded to history of phototherapy. For population comparisons we used the chi-2 test and for mean comparisons the Student t-test. Results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation while differences were considered significant when p<0.05. Results: Mean nevus count was 16.2 ± 10.2 / child, (10.1 ± 6.5 on the arms; 6.1 ± 4.9 on the back; nevus 5 mm: 0.3 ± 0.8). 21.7% of children experienced neonatal blue-light phototherapy. Pale phototype (p<0.0001), skin (p<0.0001), and hair (p<0.0001) colours, blue/green eye colour (p<0.0001), history of sunburns (p<0.0001) were strongly associated with increase in nevus count. This was shown for nevi < 5 mm and whatever the location. Neonatal phototherapy had no effect on nevus count whatever location and size of nevi or phototype of the children. Multivariate analysis did not change conclusions. Conclusions: This study shows no evidence for a major role of blue-light phototherapy on melanocyte nevus count in nine-year old children. It underlines dominant effect of phototype characteristics and history of sunburns in childhood on early development of melanocytic nevi. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Translocation (9;11)(p21;q23) in a child with acute monoblastic leukemia following 2 1/2 years after successful chemotherapy for neuroblastoma.
Authors: H J Weh, H Kabisch, G Landbeck, D K Hossfeld
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1986)

This is a case report of a 4 1/2-year-old boy who developed acute monoblastic leukemia 2 1/2 years after he had been treated successfully with combined chemotherapy for neuroblastoma. All analyzable bone marrow-derived metaphases had the karyotype 47,XY, + 8,t(9;11)(p21;q23). The rare occurrence of specific chromosomal translocations in leukemias following prior chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy and their possible clinical implications in such cases are discussed.
Functional Expression of the High Affinity Receptor for IgE (FcɛRI) in Human Platelets and Its’ Intracellular Expression in Human Megakaryocytes
Authors: Shunji Hasegawa, Ruby Pawankar, Katsuhiro Suzuki, Tatsutoshi Nakahata, Susumu Furukawa, Ko Okumura, Chisei Ra
Journal: Blood (1999)
Differences between men and women COPD admissions: Evidence from the European COPD audit
Authors: Christopher Michael Roberts, Sylvia Hartl, Francisco Pozo-Rodriguez, Jose Luis Lopez-Campos
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction: Studies using administrative data from N America provide conflicting results for gender survival differences in COPD (Machado 2006, Gonzalez 2011). We used clinician collected data to look at Hospital and 90 day survival following admission with COPD exacerbation.  Method: The European audit programme collected retrospective data from clinical case notes and telephone enquiry from 15,821 patients admitted between October 2010 and February 2011 in 13 European countries. Data was entered onto a web collection tool and analysed centrally.  Results: Women admissions were in a minority (39.1% P  Conclusions: These data suggest women exhibit different COPD characteristics and have a higher mortality when admitted to hospital.  Machado Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006;174:524. Gonzalez Thorax 2011;66:38.
Geographic Patterns of Large Bowel Cancer in the United States
Authors: William J. Blot, Joseph F. Fraumeni, B. J. Stone, Frank W. McKay
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

Age-adjusted rates of mortality from colon and rectal cancer during 1950–69 were correlated by sex and race {white and nonwhite) with demographic data for the 3,056 counties of the contiguous United States. Mortality was consistently elevated in counties with large populations, higher income and education levels, and high percentages of residents of Irish, German, or Czechoslovak descent. The urban, socioeconomic, and, ethnic factors were each linked to large bowel cancer, but they only partly explained the predominance of this tumor in the Northern United States. A survey was made of the limited data available on dietary habits by region and on alcohol sales by county, but the concomitant variation with bowel cancer mortality rates was not impressive.
Let us stop throwing out the baby with the bathwater: towards better analysis of longitudinal injury data
Authors: Caroline F Finch, Stephen W Marshall
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2015)

Sports injury prevention is a priority area in BJSM 1 and recent commentaries have stressed the need to consider relationships between sports injuries in longitudinal data sets.2 ,3 Players can sustain none, one, or more than one injury over a season of follow-up. Subsequent injuries are statistically related to prior injuries because they occur in the same person. This is true even when the two injuries are clinically distinct.2 ,4 ,5 

It is always important to collect, analyse and report data on subsequent injuries in injury incidence studies. Figure 1 shows a hypothetical cohort of five players followed over one season of 10-week duration. This example assumes that all players are injury-free at the start of the season and addresses acute onset injuries rather than those due to repetitive microtrauma. The figure contains considerable information on each player: how long they were followed up; the number of injuries they sustained; how long before they sustained their first injury; and how long after any injury it took before they sustained their next one. Open circles indicate points at which players were injured, and stars indicate when follow-up was censored (eg, player 2 was only followed up for 7-weeks for non-injury reasons). A player does not accrue time at risk when he/she is unable to participate. For example, all of …
Use of complementary/alternative therapies during chemotherapy for breast cancer
Authors: E. L. Glass, R. Blau, R. Drosick, D. K. Hawley, E. E. Lower
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

8136 Background: Use of complementary/alternative therapies (CAM) is common in breast cancer patients. However, agents used and reasons for usage are poorly understood. Methods: A self administered questionnaire included demographics, use of any or 18 specific CAM therapies, reasons for choosing CAM therapies, and timing of CAM therapies (before diagnosis, during treatment, or after completion of treatment). Results: A total of 606 breast cancer patients (pts) completed the survey, and 387 (64%) pts reported the usage of one or more CAM therapies for breast cancer. We report the 184 pts who utilized CAM during breast cancer treatment. Most common reasons for CAM therapy include: increase energy (78 pts, 42%), prevent recurrence (67 pts, 36%), relieve fatigue (61 pts, 33%), reduce hot flashes (59 pts, 32%), reduce stress (32 pts, 17%), and reduce moodiness (29 pts, 16%). Only 14 of 184 CAM pts did not use the 18 identified therapies. Most common therapies utilized were: vitamin E (131 pts, 71%), vitamin C (111 pts, 60%), vitamin B6 (54 pts, 29%), green tea (52 pts, 28%), and selenium (49 pts, 27%). All others were reported in <26 pts. Using multiple regression analysis, we compared the most common therapies to most common usage indications. A significant correlation existed between certain therapies and usage indication: to increase energy, green tea (p<0.005); preventive therapy, selenium (p<0.002) and vitamin B6 (p<0.005); relieve fatigue, green tea (p<0.0001); reduce hot flashes, vitamin E (p<0.0001) and green tea (p<0.05); reduce stress, vitamin B6 (p<0.0005) and green tea (p<0.05); and reduce moodiness, green tea (p<0.005). Conclusions: Complementary/alternative therapies are commonly used during treatment for breast cancer. Patients perceive some drugs more useful for certain indications; however, the actual effectiveness of these agents remains unknown. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Alternating cycles of combination chemotherapy for patients with recurrent Hodgkin's disease following radiotherapy. A prospectively randomized study by the Cancer and Leukemia Group B.
Authors: V Vinciguerra, K J Propert, M Coleman, J R Anderson, L Stutzman, T F Pajak, N I Nissen, G Frizzera, A Gottlieb, J F Holland
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1986)

A randomized clinical trial of combination chemotherapy for patients who relapsed following primary radiation therapy for Hodgkin's disease was conducted from 1975 to 1981 by the Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB). One hundred thirteen patients were prospectively randomized to receive 12 cycles of either CVPP (CCNU, vinblastine, procarbazine, and prednisone), ABOS (bleomycin, vincristine [Oncovin; Lilly, Indianapolis], doxorubicin [Adriamycin, Adria Laboratories, Columbus, Ohio], and streptozotocin), or alternating cycles of CVPP and ABOS. The median length of observation for patients in this report is 4 years. Toxicities of the three treatment programs were primarily hematologic. Frequencies of complete response were 72% for CVPP, 70% for ABOS, and 82% for CVPP/ABOS (P = .37). Females and patients who had nodular sclerosing disease at initial diagnosis had significantly higher complete response rates. The 5-year disease-free survival for the complete responders was 55%; the 5-year overall survival was 60%. There were no significant differences among the treatments on disease-free survival (P = .78) or overall survival (P = .18). Age under 40 years was the only significant positive prognostic factor for disease-free survival (P = .095) and overall survival (P = .003). This study demonstrates no statistically significant advantage for alternating cycles of combination chemotherapy in affecting complete response frequency, disease-free survival, or overall survival as compared with therapy with CVPP or ABOS alone. However, the power to detect differences in these outcome parameters is somewhat limited by the sample sizes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Targeted molecular imaging of prostate cancer using tumor endothelium homing Arg-Arg-Leu peptides
Authors: D. O. Henry, S. C. Chen, M. K. Wong
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

14582 Background: Tumor endothelial cells express a specific and unique cell surface signature. We have previously reported on the discovery of tumor endothelial cell (TDEC) binding peptides that possess the amino acid sequence Arg-Arg-Leu (RRL). We now show specific binding of this synthetic peptide to both surgically resected and experimental human prostate adenocarcinoma tumors thereby allowing for tumor imaging. Methods and Results: Cryosections from human lung, colon, renal, breast and prostate cancers were immunohistochemically processed to reveal the relationship of RRL-peptide staining in relation to Factor VIII labeled tumor vasculature. The RRL-peptide tightly co-localizes onto tumor endothelium within human prostate adenocarcinomas, and did not stain the tumor cells proper. Alexa 680, 800 are two near-infrared dyes that can be conjugated to RRL peptide and which emit at a wavelength unquenched by biologic tissue, thus permitting whole animal imaging. Intravenous administration of RRL-peptide-Alexa chimera to human PC3 prostate tumor bearing mice or TRAMP (transgenic prostate cancer) mice results in the fluorescent visualization of tumors within the intact animal through the prolonged intra-tumor retention of the RRL-dye complex as compared to controls. Direct time-lapse intravital microscopy of such tumors show real-time tumor vascular binding of the RRL peptide. Whole animal imaging revealed the tumor and did not show an appreciable image signal at any other site or organ. Conclusion: The RRL peptide homes to prostate vasculature and is useful for the specific detection of experimental prostate tumors in vivo. Further development of the RRL-peptide into a drug delivery and imaging agent is underway. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
3′-Hydroxymyosmine as specific urinary biomarker for myosmine exposure: Development of a method for quantitation
Authors: Stefan Tyroller, Wolfgang Zwickenpflug, Elmar Richter
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006

463 

Since the widespread occurrence of myosmine in different foods and in tobacco products has been shown, investigations on possible in vitro or in vivo activation pathways have pointed out that myosmine can rapidly and completely be converted under nitrosative or under peroxidative conditions. In this context, reactive intermediates are likely formed which may interact with biological material. This is in accordance with DNA damage by myosmine in cellular systems. Because of its ubiquitous occurrence and its genotoxicity, specific biomarkers of myosmine uptake are needed. In the course of studies on its in vivo metabolism, 3′-hydroxymyosmine has been identified as urinary metabolite after oral administration to rats besides 3-pyridylacetic acid, 4-oxo-4-(3-pyridyl)butanoic acid, 3-pyridylmethanol and 4-hydroxy-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone. 3′-Hydroxymyosmine can be assumed to be exclusively formed from myosmine and might therefore be a promising candidate as urinary biomarker for myosmine exposure. First, a HPLC-UV/DAD method was developed which turned out to be not specific and sensitive enough. Due to the low amount of 3′-hydroxymyosmine in rat urine, the limit of detection is very important for an applicable method and therefore GC/MS has been turned out as the most promising alternative. Measurements were executed in the 70 eV electron impact mode without derivatization of the 3′-hydroxymyosmine. A dilution series of 3′-hydroxymyosmine dissolved in n-butylacetate ranging from 4.5 ng to 4.5 pg on column was measured monitoring the ions m/z 105 and 162. The limit of detection was 20 pg on column with a signal to noise ratio of at least 5. The response of the mass spectrometer was linear and the obtained areas fitted with r2 0.9952. For quantification of 3′-hydroxymyosmine an internal standard had to be established. Due to its known behaviour during GC-MS and its proven applicability from studies on myosmine in foods, D4-myosmine was used. The ions m/z 122 and 150 were monitored with a linear response between 0.77 ng and 7.7 pg on column. The response factor for D4-myosmine versus 3′-hydroxymyosmine was ∼4.5. For extraction of the analyte and the internal standard from urine samples, n-butylacetate and saturated K2CO3 solution were added. An aliquot of the n-butylacetate layer was directly used for GC/MS without further purification. High reproducibility (<5% deviation on consecutive days) and high recoveries for D4-myosmine (92%) and 3′-hydroxymyosmine (80%) were obtained. A feasible method for detection and quantification of 3′-hydroxymyosmine in urine has been developed. Further investigations are needed including animal experiments feeding myosmine. Finally, occurrence of 3′-hydroxymyosmine in human urine has to be proven. Supported by a grant from the Institute for Science and Health.
Notch4 Signaling Induces a Mesenchymal–Epithelial–like Transition in Melanoma Cells to Suppress Malignant Behaviors
Authors: Ehsan Bonyadi Rad, Heinz Hammerlindl, Christian Wels, Ulrich Popper, Dinoop Ravindran Menon, Heimo Breiteneder, Melitta Kitzwoegerer, Christine Hafner, Meenhard Herlyn, Helmut Bergler, Helmut Schaider
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

The effects of Notch signaling are context-dependent and both oncogenic and tumor-suppressive functions have been described. Notch signaling in melanoma is considered oncogenic, but clinical trials testing Notch inhibition in this malignancy have not proved successful. Here, we report that expression of the constitutively active intracellular domain of Notch4 (N4ICD) in melanoma cells triggered a switch from a mesenchymal-like parental phenotype to an epithelial-like phenotype. The epithelial-like morphology was accompanied by strongly reduced invasive, migratory, and proliferative properties concomitant with the downregulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers Snail2 (SNAI2), Twist1, vimentin (VIM), and MMP2 and the reexpression of E-cadherin (CDH1). The N4ICD-induced phenotypic switch also resulted in significantly reduced tumor growth in vivo Immunohistochemical analysis of primary human melanomas and cutaneous metastases revealed a significant correlation between Notch4 and E-cadherin expression. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that N4ICD induced the expression of the transcription factors Hey1 and Hey2, which bound directly to the promoter regions of Snail2 and Twist1 and repressed gene transcription, as determined by EMSA and luciferase assays. Taken together, our findings indicate a role for Notch4 as a tumor suppressor in melanoma, uncovering a potential explanation for the poor clinical efficacy of Notch inhibitors observed in this setting. Cancer Res; 76(7); 1690-7. ©2016 AACR.
Abstract 11317: Does the Degree of QRS Prolongation in Bundle Branch Blocks Modify the Risk of Incident Heart Failure? The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
Authors: Zhu-ming Zhang, Pentti M Rautaharju, Ronald J Prineas, Laura Loehr, Wayne D Rosamond, Elsayed Z Soliman
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Left bundle branch block (LBBB) is associated with increased risk of heart failure (HF). Whether a more pronounced widening of QRS duration in LBBB and in other BBBs modifies the risk o...
Peripheral neutrophil stiffness in severe COPD exacerbations
Authors: Ebymar Arismendi Núñez, Tomas Luque, Yolanda Torralba García, Alvar Agustí, Daniel Navajas, Roberto Rodríguez-Roisin
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Rationale:  Exacerbations of COPD (EXCOPD) are characterized by activated pulmonary neutrophils (NEUT) with potentially increased cellular stiffness.   Objective:  The aim of this study was to assess NEUT stiffness in patients with COPD during and after exacerbations.   Methods:  12 COPD patients (age, 70±9 yrs; 83% male; all smokers, 71±36 pack-yrs) hospitalized for EXCOPD were included. Stiffness of peripheral NEUT was assessed using the atomic force microscopy technique within the first 72 h of admission and 12 weeks after discharge (Study Group [SG]). If patients suffered a new episode within this period of follow-up, measurements were repeated at this time in point (mean, 7±4 weeks) (Re-exacerbation Group [RG]). The COPD Assessment Test (CAT), the ADO Index and dyspnoea (MMRC) were also assessed.   Results:  There were no differences on admission between the two subsets of patients. Increased NEUT stiffness in SG patients (n, 6) decreased from admission (890±293 Pa) to discharge (616±226 Pa) (p   Conclusions:  Changes in peripheral NEUT stiffness during COPD exacerbations and convalescence indicate that the activation of NEUT underlies enhanced pulmonary inflammation.  Supported by SEPAR-2010 and CIBERES
Randomized phase III study of 3 irinotecan regimens in 1<sup>st</sup>-line metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC): safety/tolerability of irinotecan + oral capecitabine with or without celecoxib (BICC)
Authors: E. Mitchell, J. Marshall, J. Chang, V. Ganju, M. Jeffery, J. Schulz, D. Richards, M. Morrison, J. Weisberg, C. Fuchs
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

3652 Background: This ongoing randomized, multicenter study (BICC-C) aims to determine the optimal regimen for the treatment of metastatic CRC by comparing 3 regimens: irinotecan + either infusional 5FU/LV (FOLFIRI; arm A), modified-bolus 5FU/LV (arm B), or oral capecitabine (Xeliri; arm C). Since preliminary data suggest that COX-2 inhibitors may add benefit in CRC, the study also includes treatment with celecoxib vs placebo in all treatment arms, which remain blinded. Safety/tolerability results are reported for arm C. Methods: 900 patients were to be randomized using a 3x2 factorial design into 6 arms. Arm C was irinotecan 250 mg/m2 iv over 90 min on day 1, capecitabine 1000 mg/m2 po bid on days 1–14, and celecoxib 400 mg po bid or placebo throughout each 3-week cycle, and then indefinitely. In a protocol amendment of April 2004, arm C was discontinued, bevacizumab was added to arms A and B, and the number of patients increased to 1200. Treatment continued until progressive disease, unacceptable toxicity, or voluntary withdrawal. Inclusion criteria: ECOG status 0/1; adequate end-organ function; and no prior systemic therapy for metastatic CRC. Reported endpoints include toxicities, dose reduction, and dose intensity. Results: 139 patients received treatment before closure of arm C enrollment. 17 patients remain in the study. Grade ≥3 toxicity incidence rates were: diarrhea 35.3%, neutropenia 5.0%, hand-foot syndrome 8.6%, deep venous thrombosis 5.0%, and pulmonary embolism 4.3%. Discontinuations due to unacceptable toxicity and >3-week treatment delay for toxicity were 13.7% and 5.8%, respectively. Of 28 deaths, 1 was drug-related. In 2 historically similar studies (Bajetta, Cancer, 2004/Patt, ASCO 2004), grade ≥3 toxicity rates were diarrhea 25.6%/20%, neutropenia 32.6%/26%, and hand-foot syndrome 12%/6%. Conclusions: Xeliri was well-tolerated in BICC-C. The efficacy/toxicity of all 3 treatment arms of this ongoing study, as well as the effects of celecoxib, will be reported when the study is unblinded. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Pfizer Genentech, Pfizer Pfizer Bristol-Myers Squibb, Genentech, Pfizer, Sanofi Pfizer
Radiotherapy with curative intent: an option in selected patients relapsing after chemotherapy for advanced Hodgkin's disease.
Authors: M Roach, D S Kapp, S A Rosenberg, R T Hoppe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1987)

Thirteen patients who had relapsed or failed to obtain a complete remission after combination chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced Hodgkin's disease were treated with subtotal or total lymphoid irradiation with curative intent. Twelve of the 13 patients achieved a complete response (CR). Five of the 12 CRs subsequently relapsed at 3, 9, 9, 12, and 19 months. One patient died of leukemia 11 months following radiotherapy. The actuarial relapse-free survival at 1 year was 60%, and six patients (50%) remain disease-free with a median follow-up of 34 months (range, 10 to 115 months) following the completion of radiotherapy. Patients who failed to obtain a CR to their initial chemotherapy, whose chemotherapy CR was of short duration, or who relapsed initially in extranodal sites, tended to have a worse outcome with radiotherapy. Patients who had long disease-free intervals after initial chemotherapy or relapsed only in nodal sites tended to do relatively well. Radiation therapy was well tolerated with no major toxicity. Potentially curative radiation therapy should be considered an option in the management of selected patients who relapse following combination chemotherapy for advanced Hodgkin's disease.