tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Y-Box–Binding Protein YB-1 Identifies High-Risk Patients With Primary Breast Cancer Benefiting From Rapidly Cycled Tandem High-Dose Adjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Oleg Gluz, Karin Mengele, Manfred Schmitt, Ronald Kates, Raihana Diallo-Danebrock, Frauke Neff, Hans-Dieter Royer, Niels Eckstein, Svjetlana Mohrmann, Evelyn Ting, Marion Kiechle, Christopher Poremba, Ulrike Nitz, Nadia Harbeck
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

To investigate the potential of Y-box-binding protein YB-1, a multifunctional protein linked to tumor aggressiveness and multidrug resistance, to identify patients with breast cancer likely to benefit from dose-intensified chemotherapy regimens.YB-1 was immunohistochemically determined in 211 primary tumors from the prospective, randomized West German Study Group WSG-AM-01 trial in high-risk (> or = 10 involved lymph-nodes) breast cancer (HRBC). Predictive impact of YB-1 was assessed by multivariate survival analysis, including time-varying factor-therapy interactions.At median follow-up of 61.7 months, patients receiving rapidly cycled tandem high-dose therapy (HD; two cycles [2x] epirubicin 90 mg/m(2) and cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m(2) every 14 days, followed by 2x epirubicin 90 mg/m(2), cyclophosphamide 3,000 mg/m(2), and thiotepa 400 mg/m(2) every 21 days) had better disease-free survival (DFS; hazard ratio [HR] = 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.89) and overall survival (OS; HR = 0.59; 95% CI, 0.4 to 0.89) than those receiving conventional dose-dense chemotherapy (DD; 4x epirubicin 90 mg/m(2) and cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m(2), followed by 3x cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m(2), methotrexate 40 mg/m(2), and fluorouracil 600 mg/m(2) every 14 days). High YB-1 was associated with aggressive tumor phenotype (negative steroid hormone receptor status, positive human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 and p53 status, high MIB-1, unfavorable tumor grade) and poor OS (median 78 v 97 months; P = .01). In patients with high YB-1, HD yielded a 63-month median DFS (P = .001) and a 46-month median OS advantage (P = .002) versus DD. In multivariate models, patients with high B-1 receiving HD (v DD) had one third the hazard rate after 20 months for DFS and one sixth after 40 months for OS.In a randomized prospective cancer therapy trial, for the first time, a strong predictive impact of YB-1 on survival has been demonstrated: enhanced benefit from HD (v DD) therapy occurs in HRBC with high YB-1. Future trials could therefore address optimal chemotherapeutic strategies,taking YB-1 into account.
Circulating Prolactin Associates With Diabetes and Impaired Glucose Regulation
Authors: Tiange Wang, Jieli Lu, Yu Xu, Mian Li, Jichao Sun, Jie Zhang, Baihui Xu, Min Xu, Yuhong Chen, Yufang Bi, Weiqing Wang, Guang Ning
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

Prolactin is a major stimulus for the β-cell adaptation during gestation and guards postpartum women against gestational diabetes. Most studies of the role of prolactin on glucose metabolism have been conducted in humans and animals during pregnancy. However, little is known concerning the association between circulating prolactin and glucose metabolism outside pregnancy in epidemiological studies. We aimed to determine whether the variation of circulating prolactin concentration associates with diabetes and impaired glucose regulation (IGR) in a cross-sectional study.We recruited 2,377 participants (1,034 men and 1,343 postmenopausal women) without hyperprolactinemia, aged 40 years and older, in Shanghai, China. Diabetes and IGR were determined by an oral glucose tolerance test. Multinomial logit analyses were performed to evaluate the relationship of prolactin with diabetes and IGR.Prolactin levels decreased from normal glucose regulation to IGR to diabetes. Multinomial logit analyses, adjusted for potential confounding factors, showed that high circulating prolactin was associated with lower prevalence of diabetes and IGR. The adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) for IGR and diabetes for the highest compared with the lowest quartile of prolactin were 0.54 (95% CI 0.33-0.89) and 0.38 (0.24-0.59) in men and 0.54 (0.36-0.81) and 0.47 (0.32-0.70) in women.High circulating prolactin associates with lower prevalence of diabetes and IGR in the current study. Further studies are warranted to confirm this association.
Effects of a Low-Fat Diet on Levels of Oxidative Damage to DNA in Human Peripheral Nucleated Blood Cells
Authors: Z Djuric, L K Heilbrun, B A Reading, A Boomer, F A Valeriote, S Martino
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Fat in the diet has been associated with increased breast cancer risk. In this study, blood samples were obtained from 21 women at high risk for breast cancer who had been randomly assigned to either a nonintervention diet or a low-fat diet. Oxidative damage was examined in the DNA from nucleated peripheral blood cells. The levels of oxidized thymine, specifically 5-hydroxymethyluracil, were threefold higher in the nonintervention diet group than in the low-fat diet group. Without regard to diet arm, there also was a significant linear relationship between daily total fat intake and 5-hydroxymethyluracil level. These results suggest that oxidative damage to DNA may be a marker of dietary fat intake. In addition, oxidative DNA damage may be a mechanistic link between fat in the diet and cancer risk, since such damage is associated with the process of tumor promotion.
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE ROLE OF CANDIDA ALBICANS AND FOOD YEASTS IN CHRONIC URTICARIA
Authors: JEAN JAMES, ROBERT P. WARIN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1971)

Journal Article AN ASSESSMENT OF THE ROLE OF CANDIDA ALBICANS AND FOOD YEASTS IN CHRONIC URTICARIA Get access JEAN JAMES, JEAN JAMES Department of Dermatology, Bristol General Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ROBERT P. WARIN ROBERT P. WARIN Department of Dermatology, Bristol General Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 84, Issue 3, 1 March 1971, Pages 227–237, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1971.tb14212.x Published: 01 March 1971 Article history Accepted: 02 November 1970 Published: 01 March 1971
Final results of a multicenter phase II study of the purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) inhibitor forodesine in patients with advanced cutaneous t-cell lymphomas (CTCL) (Mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome)
Authors: R. Dummer, M. Duvic, J. Scarisbrick, E.A. Olsen, S. Rozati, N. Eggmann, S.M. Goldinger, K. Hutchinson, L. Geskin, T.M. Illidge, E. Giuliano, J. Elder, Y.H. Kim
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Resistance of Tumor Interstitial Pressure to the Penetration of Intraperitoneally Delivered Antibodies into Metastatic Ovarian Tumors
Authors: Michael F. Flessner, Jaewah Choi, Kimberly Credit, Ravi Deverkadra, Karla Henderson
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Purpose: Despite evidence that regional chemotherapy improves the treatment of metastatic peritoneal ovarian carcinoma, monoclonal antibodies have not shown significant success in i.p. delivery. The present study was designed to address the hypothesis that convective penetration of macromolecular antineoplastic agents depends on a positive pressure difference between the i.p. therapeutic solution and the tumor. Experimental Design: Nude rats with human ovarian xenografts implanted in the abdominal wall were used in experiments to facilitate in vivo measurement of tumor pressure and the treatment of the tumor with i.p. solutions at high pressures. Penetration of 125I-labeled trastuzumab was measured with quantitative autoradiography. Results: Tumor pressure profiles showed peak pressures of 32 mm Hg with mean pressures (± SD, mm Hg) in 12 SKOV3 tumors of 9.7 ± 8.3 and in 15 OVCAR3 tumors of 12.5 ± 7.0. I.p. therapeutic dwells at 6 to 8 mm Hg (maximum feasible pressure) showed significantly less penetration of trastuzumab than in adjacent normal muscle. To establish a driving force for convection into the tumor, various maneuvers were attempted to reduce tumor pressure, including treatment with taxanes or prostaglandin E1, elimination of tumor circulation, and removal of the tumor capsule. Tumor decapsulation decreased the pressure to zero but did not enhance the penetration of antibody. Binding to specific trastuzumab receptors on each tumor was shown to be not a significant barrier to antibody penetration. Conclusions: The results only partially support our hypothesis and imply that the microenvironment of the tumor is in itself a major barrier to delivery of charged macromolecules.
A Study of Parallel Implicit and Explicit Information Processing in Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Authors: Thilo Deckersbach, Cary R. Savage, Tim Curran, Antje Bohne, Sabine Wilhelm, Lee Baer, Michael A. Jenike, Scott L. Rauch
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2002)

This study examined implicit sequence learning in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) under dual-task conditions. Frontal-striatal networks support implicit learning and are implicated in the pathophysiology of OCD. Neuroimaging data suggest that during implicit learning, OCD patients use neural systems normally active during explicit learning to compensate for striatal dysfunction.The authors examined implicit sequence learning in 25 OCD patients and 25 healthy comparison subjects using a dual-task paradigm, with subjects simultaneously engaged in an explicit memory task and an implicit learning task. They predicted that implicit learning in OCD subjects would be disrupted because concurrent explicit information-processing demands would prevent use of compensatory processes.OCD patients failed to show evidence of implicit learning and exhibited a significant deficit in comparison with healthy subjects.These results are consistent with the hypothesis that concurrent explicit and implicit information-processing demands interfere with implicit learning in OCD patients.
Elimination of syngeneic sarcomas in rats by a subset of T lymphocytes.
Authors: E Fernandez-Cruz, B A Woda, J D Feldman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1980)

Established subcutaneous Moloney sarcomas (MST-1) of large size and long duration were eliminated from syngeneic rats by intravenous infusion of varying numbers of specific syngeneic effector T lymphocytes. Spleen cells from BN rats in which tumor had regressed were cultured in an in vitro mixed lymphocyte tumor cell culture (MLTC) to augment cytotoxicity of effector cells. In the MLTC a T cell subset was expanded in response to MST-1 antigens and transformed into blast elements. With these changes, there was an increase in the W3/25 antigen on the T cell surface, a decrease of W3/13 antigen, and an increase in the number of T cells with Ia antigens. The subset associated with elimination of established tumors was a blast T cell W3/25+, W3/13+, as detected by monoclonal antibodies to rat T antigens. The W3/25+ subset was poorly cytotoxic in vitro for MST-1 and apparently functioned in vivo as an amplifier or helper cell in the tumor-bearing host. The W3/25- population was a melange of cells that included (W3/13+, W3/25-) T cells, null cells, Ig+ cells, and macrophages, and was associated with enhancement of tumor in vivo, suggesting the presence of suppressor cells.
The ultrastructure of human reproduction. 1. The natural history of the female germ cell: origin, migration and differentiation inside the developing ovary
Authors: P M Motta, S Makabe, S A Nottola
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (1997)

This presentation, on both printed copy and CD-ROM, summarizes a series of original data on the ultrastructure of human reproduction produced by our research group. In particular, female germ cell behaviour at the time of migration and colonization of the gonad and germ-somatic cell interactions inside the developing ovary are reviewed from a morphodynamic point of view. The results mostly consist of black-and-white transmission and scanning electron microscopy (TEM and SEM) images. Artificially coloured SEM pictures, light microscopy images and drawings have also been selected for iconography to render complex microanatomical details and their morphofunctional relationships more comprehensible. In all, 35 images are presented in this article, each related to a concise text section and accompanied by a self-explaining caption. A list of pertinent references is also provided.
MAnorm: a robust model for quantitative comparison of ChIP-Seq data sets
Authors: Zhen Shao, Yijing Zhang, Guo-Cheng Yuan, Stuart H Orkin, David J Waxman
Journal: Genome biology (2012)

ChIP-Seq is widely used to characterize genome-wide binding patterns of transcription factors and other chromatin-associated proteins. Although comparison of ChIP-Seq data sets is critical for understanding cell type-dependent and cell state-specific binding, and thus the study of cell-specific gene regulation, few quantitative approaches have been developed. Here, we present a simple and effective method, MAnorm, for quantitative comparison of ChIP-Seq data sets describing transcription factor binding sites and epigenetic modifications. The quantitative binding differences inferred by MAnorm showed strong correlation with both the changes in expression of target genes and the binding of cell type-specific regulators.
Air pollution and development of asthma, allergy and infections in a birth cohort
Authors: M. Brauer, G. Hoek, H. A. Smit, J. C. de Jongste, J. Gerritsen, D. S. Postma, M. Kerkhof, B. Brunekreef
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2007)

Few studies have addressed associations between traffic-related air pollution and respiratory disease in young children. The present authors assessed the development of asthmatic/allergic symptoms and respiratory infections during the first 4 yrs of life in a birth cohort study (n = approximately 4,000). Outdoor concentrations of traffic-related air pollutants (nitrogen dioxide PM(2.5), particles with a 50% cut-off aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 mum and soot) were assigned to birthplace home addresses with a land-use regression model. They were linked by logistic regression to questionnaire data on doctor-diagnosed asthma, bronchitis, influenza and eczema and to self-reported wheeze, dry night-time cough, ear/nose/throat infections and skin rash. Total and specific immunoglobulin (Ig)E to common allergens were measured in a subgroup (n = 713). Adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) per interquartile pollution range were elevated for wheeze (1.2 (1.0-1.4) for soot), doctor-diagnosed asthma (1.3 (1.0-1.7)), ear/nose/throat infections (1.2 (1.0-1.3)) and flu/serious colds (1.2 (1.0-1.4)). No consistent associations were observed for other end-points. Positive associations between air pollution and specific sensitisation to common food allergens (1.6 (1.2-2.2) for soot), but not total IgE, were found in the subgroup with IgE measurements. Traffic-related pollution was associated with respiratory infections and some measures of asthma and allergy during the first 4 yrs of life.
Intensive Methotrexate and Cytarabine Followed by High-Dose Chemotherapy With Autologous Stem-Cell Rescue in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Primary CNS Lymphoma: An Intent-to-Treat Analysis
Authors: Lauren E. Abrey, Craig H. Moskowitz, Warren P. Mason, Michael Crump, Douglas Stewart, Peter Forsyth, Nina Paleologos, Denise D. Correa, Nicole D. Anderson, Dawn Caron, Andrew Zelenetz, Stephen D. Nimer, Lisa M. DeAngelis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

To assess the safety and efficacy of intensive methotrexate-based chemotherapy followed by high-dose chemotherapy (HDT) with autologous stem-cell rescue in patients with newly diagnosed primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL).Twenty-eight patients received induction chemotherapy using high-dose systemic methotrexate (3.5 g/m2) and cytarabine (3 g/m2 daily for 2 days). Fourteen patients with chemosensitive disease evident on neuroimaging then received high-dose therapy using carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, and melphalan with autologous stem-cell rescue.The objective response rate to the induction-phase chemotherapy was 57%, and median overall survival is not yet assessable, with a median follow-up time of 28 months. The overall median event-free survival time is 5.6 months for all patients and 9.3 months for 14 patients who underwent transplantation. Six of these 14 patients (43%) remained disease-free at last follow-up. Treatment was well tolerated; there was one transplantation-related death. Prospective neuropsychologic evaluations have revealed no evidence of treatment-related neurotoxicity.This treatment approach is feasible in patients with newly diagnosed PCNSL without evidence of significant related neurotoxicity. Although the transplantation results are similar to those achieved in patients with aggressive or poor-prognosis systemic lymphoma, the low response rate to induction chemotherapy and the significant number of patients who experienced relapse soon after HDT suggest that more aggressive induction chemotherapy may be warranted.
Injury resilience - let's control what can be controlled!
Authors: Kelvin B Giles
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2011)

Historically, resilience was used in child psychology to describe success against the odds, to describe an individual resource of resistance and latterly has been used even in monetary policy as the adaptive ability of an economic system to absorb or cushion against loss. Let us though consider the term in a sports medical setting.

‘Injury’ is feared as much by recreational participants as the high-performance athletes, as they negotiate the trials in daily life. In this editorial, I focus on two forms – controllable and uncontrollable injuries.

An injury can be defined as any physical state that impairs movement. These situations can occur in an instant through some accident or contact with something or trip or fall and none of us can truly create a physical activity environment that is completely safe from these occurrences. These injuries, in a sense, can be classed as ‘uncontrollable’. Injury can also occur after a journey of mishaps and accrued errors in movement and training and these we class as ‘controllable’. This article focuses on controllable injuries and the illustrations are primarily taken from the world of sport and physical activity although the execution of life's daily tasks at home and in the workplace also forms an arena where controllable injury can take place.

In sport, we often observe and measure activity in terms of the speed, endurance or power that underpin the sport-specific movements on view. The 21st century provides us with extensive technology to measure just about everything, and we now see an army of …
Effect of Factor V Leiden and Prothrombin G20210→A Mutations on Thromboembolic Risk in the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project Breast Cancer Prevention Trial
Authors: Neil Abramson, Joseph P. Costantino, Judy E. Garber, Nancy Berliner, D. Lawrence Wickerham, Norman Wolmark
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2006)

Background: In the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project's Breast Cancer Prevention Project (BCPT), tamoxifen use was associated with an increased relative risk for venous thromboembolic events, including deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary emboli, compared with placebo. However, the involvement of hypercoagulability factors in this association is unclear. Methods: To examine possible associations among the risk of venous thromboembolic events, tamoxifen use, and Factor V Leiden (FVL) and prothrombin G20210→A (PT20210) mutations, which are involved in promoting blood coagulation, we used a nested, matched, case–control (1 : 4) design and compared women in the BCPT who had experienced venous thromboembolic events (n = 76) with women who did not (n = 295). FVL and PT20210 mutations were detected in genomic DNA that was isolated from blood samples collected at trial enrollment. Results: Venous thromboembolic events occurred in 28 women (deep vein thrombosis in 22 and pulmonary emboli in six) who were taking placebo and in 53 women (deep vein thrombosis in 35 and pulmonary emboli in 18) who were taking tamoxifen (relative risk = 1.90, 95% confidence interval = 1.18 to 3.12). Excessive risk for venous thromboembolic events was observed only in the first 36 months of therapy. There were no differences in age, smoking, and race between the groups, but women with venous thromboembolic events had a higher body mass index than women without (mean ± standard deviation, 30 kg/m 2 ± 7.7 versus 27.1 ± 5.6; P <.001). FVL and/or PT20210 mutations were found in nine women (four on tamoxifen and five on placebo) with venous thromboembolic events and in 20 control subjects (nine on tamoxifen and 11 on placebo). No associations were found between risk of venous thromboembolic events and mutation status in either treatment group. Conclusions: Venous thromboembolic disease in the BCPT women is associated with tamoxifen use and body mass index, but not with FVL and PT20210 mutations. Screening women at risk for breast cancer for FVL and/or PT20210 appears to offer no benefit in determining the risk of tamoxifen-associated thromboembolic events.
UNPREDICTABLE STENT EXPANSION AFTER FINAL KISSING BALLOON INFLATION FOR BIFURCATION LESIONS: AN INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND ANALYSIS
Authors: Hiroyuki Shibata, Shinichiro Yamada, Takatoshi Hayashi, Yasuyo Taniguchi, Sachiyo Iwata, Katsunori Okajima, Akira Shimane, Tomofumi Takaya, Gaku Kanda, Naoki Miyoshi, Kiminobu Yokoi, Yukio Mizuguchi, Syogo Ohishi, Keiko Yodoi, Takayoshi Toba, Teishi Kajiya
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Differences in Brain Activation Between Tremor- and Nontremor-Dominant Parkinson Disease
Authors: Janey Prodoehl, Peggy J. Planetta, Ajay S. Kurani, Cynthia L. Comella, Daniel M. Corcos, David E. Vaillancourt
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2013)

<h3>Objective</h3>To compare differences in functional brain activity between tremor- and nontremor-dominant subtypes of Parkinson disease (PD) using functional magnetic resonance imaging.<h3>Design</h3>In our study, patients with tremor-dominant PD and those with nontremor-dominant PD performed a grip task, and the results obtained were compared using voxelwise analysis. Areas of the brain that were significantly different were then examined using a region-of-interest analysis to compare these patients with healthy controls. Voxel-based morphometry was used to determine macroscopic differences in gray and white matter volume between patient groups.<h3>Setting</h3>University-affiliated research institution.<h3>Participants</h3>A total of 20 drug-naive patients with PD (10 with tremor-dominant PD and 10 with nontremor-dominant PD) and a total of 20 healthy controls.<h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3>Blood oxygenation level–dependent activation and percent signal change.<h3>Results</h3>Robust findings across both voxelwise and region-of-interest analyses showed that, compared with patients with tremor-dominant PD, patients with nontremor-dominant PD had reduced activation in the ipsilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, the globus pallidus interna, and the globus pallidus externa. Region-of-interest analyses confirmed that patients with nontremor-dominant PD had reduced activity in the ipsilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, the globus pallidus interna, and the globus pallidus externa compared with patients with tremor-dominant PD and healthy controls. Patients with tremor-dominant PD had increased activity in the contralateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex compared with patients with nontremor-dominant PD and healthy controls. These results could not be explained by differences in gray or white matter volume.<h3>Conclusions</h3>Reduced brain activity occurs in the prefrontal cortex and globus pallidus of patients with nontremor-dominant PD compared with both patients with tremor-dominant PD and healthy controls, which suggests that functional magnetic resonance imaging is a promising technique to understand differences in brain activation between subtypes of PD.