tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hemodynamic Predictors of Myocardial Oxygen Consumption During Static and Dynamic Exercise
Authors: RICHARD R. NELSON, FREDARICK L. GOBEL, CHARLES R. JORGENSEN, KYUHYUN WANG, YANG WANG, HENRY L. TAYLOR
Journal: Circulation (1974)

Hemodynamic predictors of myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO 2 ) during static and dynamic exercise were examined in ten normal subjects. Studies were done under the following circumstances: 1) during upright bicycle exercise at an average heart rate of 147 beats/min, 2) during static exercise with an isometric load in the left hand equal to 17% of the maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), and 3) during combined dynamic exercise (average heart rate 147 beats/min) and static exercise using 17% MVC of the left hand. Mean myocardial blood flow (MBF) was 181 ml/100 gm LV/min during dynamic exercise, 98 ml/100 gm LV/min during static exercise, and 201 ml/100 gm LV/min during combined static and dynamic exercise. Addition of a static load to the dynamic load resulted in a higher blood pressure (average 12 mm Hg), MVO 2 and MBF than during dynamic exercise alone. MVO 2 correlated best with products of heart rate and blood pressure regardless of whether the blood pressure was obtained by a central aortic catheter ( r = 0.88) or by a blood pressure cuff ( r = 0.85). When the current data were combined with previous data, 82 determinations of MVO 2 and MBF in 29 normal subjects during several levels of upright exercise were available for analysis. Forty-four determinations were done during dynamic upright exercise, 18 during exercise after propranolol, ten during combined static and dynamic work, and ten during static work alone. MVO 2 correlated best with the product of heart rate and blood pressure ( r = 0.86). Heart rate alone correlated better with MVO 2 ( r = 0.82) than did the tension time index ( r = 0.65) or the product of systolic blood pressure, heart rate, and ejection time ( r = 0.68). The readily measured variables of heart rate and of heart rate x blood pressure correlated well with MVO 2 in normal young men during exercise under a wide variety of circumstances.
Azathioprine induced hepatic veno-occlusive disease in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: D E Lemley, L M DeLacy, L B Seeff, K G Ishak, D J Nashel
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1989)

A patient with rheumatoid arthritis developed hepatic veno-occlusive disease following the use of azathioprine. Although azathioprine induced veno-occlusive disease is suspected to occur more frequently in patients with autoimmune dysfunction, it has not previously been reported as a complication of treatment in rheumatoid arthritis. The mechanism responsible for this condition remains unknown.
Health board’s decision to stop funding homeopathy is upheld by judicial review
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2015)

A senior judge has decisively rejected a patient’s legal challenge to Lothian Health Board’s decision to stop funding homeopathy services on the NHS.

Homeopathy has been available in parts of the United Kingdom since the health service was founded in 1948, and the NHS still spends £3m to £5m (€4.1m to €6.8m; $4.6m to $7.6m) a year on the treatment, said the Good Thinking Society, which campaigns for an end to NHS funding of homeopathy (goodthinkingsociety.org).

In the light of studies showing homeopathy to be no better than placebo, Lothian Health Board decided to stop …
Autoimmune arthritis associated with mutated interleukin (IL)-6 receptor gp130 is driven by STAT3/IL-7–dependent homeostatic proliferation of CD4+ T cells
Authors: Shin-ichiro Sawa, Daisuke Kamimura, Gui-Hua Jin, Hideyuki Morikawa, Hokuto Kamon, Mika Nishihara, Katsuhiko Ishihara, Masaaki Murakami, Toshio Hirano
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2006)

Mice homozygous for the F759 mutation in the gp130 interleukin (IL)-6 receptor subunit have enhanced gp130-mediated signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3 activation and spontaneously developed a lymphocyte-mediated rheumatoid arthritis-like joint disease. Here, we show that the development of the disease is dependent on both major histocompatibility complex (MHC) II–restricted CD4+ T cells and IL-6 family cytokines. In spite of the necessity for CD4+ T cells, the gp130 mutation was only required in nonhemtopoietic cells for the disease. The gp130 mutation resulted in enhanced production of IL-7. Conditional knockout of STAT3 in nonlymphoid cells showed that the enhancement of IL-7 production was dependent on STAT3 activation by IL-6 family cytokines. Homeostatic proliferation of CD4+ T cells was enhanced in gp130 mutant mice and acceleration of homeostatic proliferation enhanced the disease, whereas the inhibition of homeostatic proliferation suppressed the disease. Anti–IL-7 antibody treatment inhibited not only the enhanced homeostatic proliferation, but also the disease in gp130 mutant mice. Thus, our results show that autoimmune disease in gp130 mutant mice is caused by increased homeostatic proliferation of CD4+ T cells, which is due to elevated production of IL-7 by nonhematopoietic cells as a result of IL-6 family cytokine-gp130-STAT3 signaling.
Abstract 2567: DIM regulates anoikis through sonic hedgehog in ovarian cancer cells
Authors: Prabodh K. Kandala, Sanjay K. Srivastava
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Ovarian cancer is the second leading gynecological cancer with poor prognosis. By the time of detection, it usually metastasizes to peritoneum or organs such as stomach and liver. Detachment of a cell from extracellular matrix (ECM) allows the cells to travel and lodge at metastatic site. Anoikis is an emerging form of cell death that is associated with the apoptosis of cells detached from ECM. Normal or immortal epithelial cells are sensitive to anoikis. However, carcinomas are generally associated with resistance to anoikis. Hence, induction of anoikis is an important step in preventing metastasis. We have recently shown that diindolylmethane (DIM), a compound present in cruciferous vegetables reduces the survival of ovarian cancer cells by inducing apoptosis. Here, we evaluated the effect of DIM in inducing anoikis in ovarian cancer cells. A2780, SKOV-3 and OVCAR-429 cells were grown on low attachment plates and treated with various concentrations of DIM for 24 hours and analyzed. Our results show that DIM treatment resulted in the concentration-dependent anoikis in all the cell lines. For example, anoikis induction was approximately 50-70% in all the cell lines treated with 75µM DIM. Furthermore, Integrin Linked Kinase 1 (ILK-1), an important regulator of anoikis was significantly down-regulated by DIM treatment. Western blotting revealed cleavage of caspase-3 and PARP by DIM treatment, confirming anoikis induction in our model. Few recent studies showed that Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) pathway is activated in ovarian tumors. Shh pathway is also associated with metastasis of various cancers. We therefore next determined whether Shh pathway was involved in anoikis induction by DIM. Our results demonstrated that DIM treatment reduced the expression of Shh and Gli1 in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, Shh secretion as well was reduced by DIM treatment in ovarian cancer cells. Importantly, Shh pretreatment significantly inhibited DIM-induced anoikis in A2780 ovarian cancer cells. Treatment of cells with Shh also reduced the cleavage of caspase-3 or PARP induced by DIM treatment indicating the involvement of Shh pathway in anoikis. Taken together, these results suggest that DIM induces anoikis in ovarian cancer cells by regulating sonic hedgehog signaling. Further in-depth mechanistic studies are in progress to establish anoikis induction by DIM and to validate it in an in vivo model. [Supported in part by R01 grants CA 1065953 and CA 129038 awarded to S.K.S by National Cancer Institute, NIH] Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2567. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2567
Comparison of mitral valve prolapse in dogs and humans
Authors: T Cheng
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2001)

To the Editor:

I read with great interest the comprehensive review on mitral valve prolapse in the dog by Pedersen and Haggstrom [1]. Although I have had a longstanding interest in mitral valve prolapse in humans and knew that mitral valve prolapse is the commonest cardiac disease in the dog [2] as in humans [3], I have never examined a dog with mitral valve prolapse. However, I was greatly impressed by the similarities between mitral valve prolapse in the dog and in the human, as were convincingly presented by Pedersen and Haggstrom [1].

Sudden cardiac death is a recognized, though relatively rare …
Thoracic outlet syndromes in sport: a practical review in the face of limited evidence — unusual pain presentation in an athlete
Authors: H Twaij, A Rolls, M Sinisi, R Weiler
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2013)

Despite thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) being first described early in the 19th century, the subsequent literature seems limited, focusing on case reports and investigations providing little assistance in the management of equivocal presentations. Best practice clinical management, with little evidence base, poses great challenges for clinicians in deciding how to manage TOS, when to operate and which procedure should be undertaken. Furthermore, the implications of TOS and its surgical effects are poorly documented, with little evidence in the literature as to the impact of surgical intervention on athletes and their physiology or function. This paper describes a clinical example of TOS highlighting salient issues and examining the evidence to guide clinical management at each stage, in the case of a 26-year-old professional football player who suffered an acute onset of unilateral right shoulder to bicep pain associated with tingling in the hand. Clinicians managing similar cases in the future will have a reference point to assist their diagnosis, management and promote much needed research to further our understanding of this difficult syndrome.
HIV-1–related Hodgkin lymphoma in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy: incidence and evolution of CD4+ T-cell lymphocytes
Authors: Julia Bohlius, Kurt Schmidlin, François Boué, Gerd Fätkenheuer, Margaret May, Ana Maria Caro-Murillo, Amanda Mocroft, Fabrice Bonnet, Gary Clifford, Vassilios Paparizos, Jose M. Miro, Niels Obel, Maria Prins, Geneviève Chêne, Matthias Egger
Journal: Blood (2011)
Recurring meningitis: beware the normal looking ear.
Authors: M Hawthorne
Journal: BMJ (1986)

that they never smoked, 12 (7-2%) had reported being a current or ex-smoker in 1980.Of 174 who had said in 1980 that they never smoked, 22 (12-6%) said in 1985 that they had smoked before 1980.Such subjects tended to be light smokers and to be ex-smokers, often long term.The final study, based on 8857 representative UK subjects interviewed in 1985, allowed the joint smoking habit distribution of married couples to be estimated (table II), showing strong concordance.TABLE i-Cottnine values* according to self reported smoking category Salivary Non-smokers
Clinical and histologic response to single-dose treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis with an anti-CD80 monoclonal antibody
Authors: Alice B. Gottlieb, Mark Lebwohl, Mark C. Totoritis, Ahsan A. Abdulghani, Steve R. Shuey, Patricia Romano, Umesh Chaudhari, Roberta S. Allen, Richard G. Lizambri
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2002)
Oxidative Stress Is Increased in Critically Ill Patients with Acute Renal Failure
Authors: Jonathan Himmelfarb, Ellen McMonagle, Stephanie Freedman, Jennifer Klenzak, Elizabeth McMenamin, Phuong Le, Lara B. Pupim, T. Alp Ikizler
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2004)

ABSTRACT. Patients with acute renal failure (ARF) experience a high mortality rate. Dysregulated inflammation and altered metabolism may increase oxidative stress in ARF patients. Thirty-eight patients who met the Program to Improve Care in Acute Renal Disease (PICARD) Study inclusion criteria underwent plasma protein oxidation and plasma cytokine measurements. For comparison, similar measurements were also performed in 21 critically ill patients without ARF, 28 patients with ESRD, and 49 healthy subjects. Plasma protein thiol oxidation was measured by spectrophotometry. Plasma protein carbonyl content and cytokine concentrations were measured by ELISA. Plasma protein thiol oxidation and carbonyl content were markedly different in ARF patients compared with healthy subjects, ESRD patients, and critically ill patients (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001 in all cases). There were significant but less marked differences in plasma protein oxidation between ESRD patients and critically ill patients compared with healthy subjects. Plasma protein thiol oxidation in ARF patients improved with dialysis (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001); however, there was significant plasma oxidant reaccumulation during the interdialytic period (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001) not due to rebound equilibration of compartmentalized solutes. Plasma proinflammatory cytokine levels were significantly higher (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) in ARF patients and critically ill patients than in healthy subjects. Plasma protein oxidation is markedly increased in ARF patients compared with healthy subjects, ESRD patients, and critically ill patients. Increased oxidative stress may be an important target for nutritional and pharmacologic therapy in ARF patients.
Clinical Trial Did Not Demonstrate Benefits of Screening Patients With Cancer for Distress
Authors: Steven C. Palmer, Corinne van Scheppingen, James C. Coyne
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

TO THE EDITOR: Carlson et al 1 recently described results from a large and adequately powered clinical trial of routine screening for distressamongpatientswithbreastandlungcancer.Thistrialaccrued arelativelylargesampleandwasabletomaintainareasonablenumber ofparticipantsacrosstime.Thiswell-describedstudyfailedtodemonstrate that screening patients with cancer for distress reduced their distress, a result that was absent, unfortunately, from the abstract and discussion of the report, 1 as well as from the laudatory editorial by Velikova. 2 Moreover, a number of methodologic and statistical issues were ignored, and this makes it difficult to accept any of the authors’ claims of effect. Carlson et al 1 had 97.7% power to detect a 1-point difference
Effects of dog ownership and genotype on immune development and atopy in infancy☆
Authors: James E Gern, Claudia L Reardon, Sabine Hoffjan, Dan Nicolae, Zhanhai Li, Kathy A Roberg, William A Neaville, Kirstin Carlson-Dakes, Kiva Adler, Rebekah Hamilton
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2004)
Lethal Mutagenesis Failure May Augment Viral Adaptation
Authors: M. L. Paff, S. P. Stolte, J. J. Bull
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2013)

Lethal mutagenesis, the attempt to extinguish a population by elevating its mutation rate, has been endorsed in the virology literature as a promising approach for treating viral infections. In support of the concept, in vitro studies have forced viral extinction with high doses of mutagenic drugs. However, the one known mutagenic drug used on patients commonly fails to cure infections, and in vitro studies typically find a wide range of mutagenic conditions permissive for viral growth. A key question becomes how subsequent evolution is affected if the viral population is mutated but avoids extinction—Is viral adaptation augmented rather than suppressed? Here we consider the evolution of highly mutated populations surviving mutagenesis, using the DNA phage T7. In assays using inhibitory hosts, whenever resistance mutants were observed, the mutagenized populations exhibited higher frequencies, but some inhibitors blocked plaque formation by even the mutagenized stock. Second, outgrowth of previously mutagenized populations led to rapid and potentially complete fitness recovery but polymorphism was slow to decay, and mutations exhibited inconsistent patterns of change. Third, the combination of population bottlenecks with mutagenesis did cause fitness declines, revealing a vulnerability that was not apparent from mutagenesis of large populations. The results show that a population surviving high mutagenesis may exhibit enhanced adaptation in some environments and experience little negative fitness consequences in many others.
Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer and Ba/F3 Transformed Cells Harboring the ERBB2 G776insV_G/C Mutation Are Sensitive to the Dual-Specific Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and ERBB2 Inhibitor HKI-272
Authors: Takeshi Shimamura, Hongbin Ji, Yuko Minami, Roman K. Thomas, April M. Lowell, Kinjal Shah, Heidi Greulich, Karen A. Glatt, Matthew Meyerson, Geoffrey I. Shapiro, Kwok-Kin Wong
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Mutation-specific cancer therapy has shown promising clinical efficacy. In non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the presence of mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase correlates with clinical response to small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Here, we show that cells harboring the G776insV_G/C mutation in the related ERBB2 tyrosine kinase (also known as HER2 or Neu), present in a small percentage of NSCLCs, are sensitive to HKI-272, an irreversible dual-specific kinase inhibitor targeting both EGFR and ERBB2. In the ERBB2-mutant NCI-H1781 cell line, HKI-272 treatment inhibited proliferation by induction of G1 arrest and apoptotic cell death. Furthermore, HKI-272 abrogated autophosphorylation of both ERBB2 and EGFR. Finally, Ba/F3 murine pro-B cells, engineered to express mutant ERBB2, became independent of interleukin-3 and sensitive to HKI-272. Thus, the subset of NSCLC patients with tumors carrying the ERBB2 G776insV_G/C mutation may benefit from treatment with HKI-272. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(13): 6487-91)
A rapid method for identifying nucleated horn cells
Authors: F.C. Tring
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1976)

Journal Article A rapid method for identifying nucleated horn cells Get access F.C. Tring F.C. Tring Rupert Hallam Department of Dermatology, Hallamshire Hospital, and Department of Human Biology and Anatomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield 10 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 94, Issue 3, 1 March 1976, Pages 339–340, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1976.tb04393.x Published: 01 March 1976
Genomic Organization, Incidence, and Localization of the SPAN-X Family of Cancer-Testis Antigens in Melanoma Tumors and Cell Lines
Authors: V. Anne Westbrook, Pamela D. Schoppee, Alan B. Diekman, Kenneth L. Klotz, Margaretta Allietta, Kevin T. Hogan, Craig L. Slingluff, James W. Patterson, Henry F. Frierson, William P. Irvin, Charles J. Flickinger, Michael A. Coppola, John C. Herr
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract Purpose: Members of the SPAN-X (sperm protein associated with the nucleus mapped to the X chromosome) family of cancer-testis antigens are promising targets for tumor immunotherapy because they are normally expressed exclusively during spermiogenesis on the adluminal side of the blood-testis barrier, an immune privileged compartment. Experimental Design and Results: This study analyzed the human SPANX genomic organization, as well as SPAN-X mRNA and protein expression in somatic and cancer cells. The SPANX family consists of five genes, one of which is duplicated, all located in a gene cluster at Xq27.1. From the centromere, the arrangement of the five SPANX genes mapped on one contiguous sequence is SPANXB, -C, -A1, -A2, and -D. Reverse transcription-PCR analyses demonstrated expression of SPAN-X mRNA in melanoma and ovarian cell lines, and virtual Northern analysis established SPANX gene expression in numerous cancer cell lines. Immunoblot analysis using polyclonal antisera raised against recombinant SPAN-X confirmed the translation of SPAN-X proteins in melanoma and ovarian tumor cell lines. The immunoreactive proteins migrated between Mr 15,000 and Mr 20,000 similar to those observed in spermatozoa. Immunoperoxidase labeling of melanoma cells and tissue sections demonstrated SPAN-X protein localization in the nucleus, cytoplasm, or both. Ultrastructurally, in melanoma cells with nuclear SPAN-X, the protein was associated with the nuclear envelope, a localization similar to that observed in human spermatids and spermatozoa. Significantly, the incidence of SPAN-X-positive immunostaining was greatest in the more aggressive skin tumors, particularly in distant, nonlymphatic metastatic melanomas. Conclusions: The data herein suggest that the SPAN-X protein may be a useful target in cancer immunotherapy.
Transfer of wheat allergen and fungal α-amylase from workplace to home by bakers
Authors: Nara Tagiyeva, Siti Anua, Sean Semple, Dick Finlay, Graham Devereux
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background  Exposure to flour dust is a leading cause of occupational asthma. Paternal occupational exposure to flour has been associated with childhood asthma, raising the possibility of 9take-home9 exposure.   Aim  to establish whether workplace contamination of skin/clothing with wheat flour allergen(WFA) and fungal α-amylase(FAA) is associated with increased levels of these allergens in bakers9 homes.   Methods  Bakeries in north-east Scotland were invited to participate. Controls were recruited from staff/students at the University of Aberdeen. Exposure assessment was carried out in bakeries, bakers9 cars and bakers9/controls9 homes using surface wipe and vacuum sampling; samples were analysed for total protein, FAA and WFA.   Results  164 wipe and 49 vacuum samples were collected from 38 bakers (5 bakeries) and 10 controls. Compared to non-bakers, bakers had higher median levels of WFA and FAA in house vacuum samples; the difference was statistically significant for WFA/total protein (516x10 -6  vs 164x10 -6 , p 0.031), FAA/total protein (1.5x10 -6  vs 0.04x10 -6 , p 2  vs 0.1pg/cm 2 , p s 0.57, p=0.028), foreheads and houses (r s 0.46, p=0.025), shoes and houses (r s 0.45, p=0.029); and between FAA contamination of shoes and houses (r s 0.46, p=0.023), and cars and houses (r s 0.70, p=0.008).   Conclusions  This work demonstrates pathways for 9take home9 exposure of occupationally sourced flour. Taken with our previous work, showing that bakers9 children are more likely to have asthma, this supports the need for workplace intervention trials to prevent asthma in bakers9 children.