tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Age as a factor influencing patterns of care for women with breast cancer receiving chemotherapy
Authors: W. Bule, J. M. Quigley, J. Runyon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

16026 Background: Older patients with breast cancer are underrepresented in clinical trials evaluating chemotherapy agents. Articles recently in JAMA and JCO have stated that older patients with cancer are being under treated. We investigated chemotherapy usage in patients with breast cancer who were greater then 70 years old and under 70 years old. Methods: Physicians capture de-identified data on up to 20 patients per week using a clinically validated, software driven algorithm from a randomized sample of oncologists in the US. Using this validated database with physician entered, de-identified patient data we evaluated all female patient records with breast cancer that were receiving chemotherapy for their disease, from January 2005 through November 2005. All data elements are required fields, allowing for a complete patient record with each entry, including race, age, stage of disease, nodal status, hormone status, her 2 status and chemotherapy treatments. Results: During this 11 month period, 8717 breast cancer records were received for patients receiving chemotherapy. All were included in this analysis. Of the 8717 patient records, age ranges were: 70+ years n = 1332, under 70 years n = 7385. These patients had the following characteristics, the 70+ patients had an avg. age of 76, 23% were her 2+, 66% were ER+, and 25% were node+. The under 70 patients had an avg. age of 53, 32% were her 2+, 59% were ER+ and 36% were node +. The top 3 regimens overall in the 70+ patients were: AC, Xeloda, and CMF. Top 3 regimens overall for the under 70 patients were: AC followed by Taxol (dose dense), AC followed by TH and Herceptin. Segmenting the 70+ patient by adjuvant therapy, the top 3 regimens were AC, AC followed by Taxol (dose dense) and CMF. The adjuvant 70 and under patients top 3 regimens were AC followed by Taxol (dose dense), AC followed by TH, and TAC. Conclusions: The use of anthracyclines, and taxanes is less in the 70+ patients, in the overall population (metastatic and adjuvant) as well as the adjuvant patient population. Further investigation into co-morbid conditions, performance status and segmentation by pathologic grade are warranted. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Dermoscopy and confocal microscopy for in vivo detection and characterization of Dermanyssus gallinae mite
Authors: Elisa Cinotti, Bruno Labeille, Charlotte Bernigaud, Fang Fang, Christelle Chol, René Chermette, Jacques Guillot, Frédéric Cambazard, Jean-Luc Perrot
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2015)
Abstract 139: Music Saves Lives: A Randomized Prospective Trial on Manikin Training
Authors: Yoshihiro Yamahata, Bon Ohta, Jin Irie, Kotaro Takebe, Makoto Watanabe
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction:  Some studies describe about the effectiveness of music during performing chest compressions. But they use the specific song such as “Stayin’ Alive” or “Nellie the Elephant”. But not all the people used to “Nellie the Elephant”, or one study points out some elderly people feel aversion against using “Stayin’ Alive”. In the previous occasion, we have reported the effectiveness of Music itself and the preferable rhythm and beat was 116 beat per minute (hereafter bpm) and 8 beats.   Hypothesis:  We assessed the hypothesis that the Music itself (not specific song) will be effective to master recommended chest compressions.   Methods:  This study followed a prospective design. The participants were seventy four newly hired nurses. Pre-training chest compression data of the participants were collected. The participants were randomly assigned into four groups, and took Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation (hereafter CPR) training for ninety minutes with using different kinds of learning supports as follows: 1) The newly composed melody with 116 bpm and 8 beats (hereafter “New Melody”). 2) “Ob-la-di, Ob-la-da” by the Beatles which is 116 bpm and 8 beats (hereafter “Ob-la-di”). 3) Voice prompt and visual feedback device (hereafter “Feedback”). 4) Control. After the training, Post-training chest compression data of them were collected. Chest compressions were measured by CPR Evolution 01 (KISSEI COMTEC, Japan).   Results:  Pre-training accuracy of chest compressions were 91.9% in rhythm, 51.5% in depth, 70.9% in recoil. With “New Melody” they were improved to 100%, 79.6%, and 83.7%. With “Ob-la-di” they were improved to 100%, 59.8%, and 84.6%. With “Feedback” they were improved to 99.8%, 91.3%, and 92.7%. And to collect data while listening “New Melody” they were improved to 100%, 82.9%, and 81.5%.   Conclusions:  With this study, it was revealed the Melody with 116 bpm and 8 beats has power to master recommended chest compressions. To reveal the effectiveness of the Music itself for the retention of recommended chest compressions, further investigation will be needed.   Acknowledge:  The new melody was composed by children at the Music Classroom of Children Kyoto.
Phase IB clinical trial of anti-CD3 followed by high-dose bolus interleukin-2 in patients with metastatic melanoma and advanced renal cell carcinoma: clinical and immunologic effects.
Authors: J A Sosman, G R Weiss, K A Margolin, F R Aronson, M Sznol, M B Atkins, K O'Boyle, R I Fisher, D H Boldt, J Doroshow
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1993)

PURPOSE To determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) of an anti-CD3 antibody, OKT3, in combination with high-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2), and to determine whether OKT3 can enhance the expansion of CD3+, CD25+ (IL-2 receptor alpha [IL-2R alpha])-expressing T cells in the peripheral blood of patients with advanced melanoma and renal cell carcinoma receiving high-dose IL-2. PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed a phase IB trial of a murine monoclonal anti-CD3 antibody (OKT3) with high-dose IL-2 in patients with advanced melanoma and renal cell carcinoma. Fifty-four patients were enrolled, with cohorts of 10 or more patients receiving escalating doses of OKT3 at 75, 200, 400, and 600 micrograms/m2 on day 1 followed by IL-2 at an initial dose 0.45 and then 1.33 mg/m2 every 8 hours on days 2 through 6 and 16 through 20 (maximum, 28 doses). An additional cohort of 14 patients received high-dose IL-2 (1.33 mg/m2 per dose) alone. Circulating CD3+, CD25+ cells were monitored before therapy and following the initial week of IL-2. RESULTS A total of 68 patients were enrolled. The MTD for OKT3 was defined as 400 micrograms/m2 based on a reduction in the number of IL-2 doses that could be administered. Increases in CD3+, CD25+ cells were observed within all cohorts; however, the increase was not OKT3 dose-dependent. On the other hand, we found that 60% (nine of 15) of patients tested at OKT3 dose levels of 200, 400, and 600 micrograms/m2 had increases in serum sCD25 (soluble IL-2R alpha) to more than 100,000 U/mL, while none of 10 patients who received IL-2 alone or with OKT3 at the 75-micrograms dose had increases greater than 60,000 U/mL. Of 29 patients with renal cell carcinoma who received OKT3 with IL-2 (1.33 mg/m2), there were three objective tumor responses (all partial responses). In the 16 patients with melanoma who received OKT3 plus IL-2, there was a single objective response (complete response). CONCLUSION The doses of OKT3 administered on this schedule failed to enhance significantly the number of circulating CD3+, CD25+ T cells and did not appear to increase the antitumor activity of IL-2 alone, which underscores the need for other approaches to enhance the efficacy of IL-2 therapy.
Prospective study about depression in oncology and assessment of the medical decision-making strategy.
Authors: W. Rhondali, O. Tredan, P. Saltel, D. Perol, E. Perceau, C. Fournel-Frederico, V. N. Trillet-Lenoir, M. Filbet, J. Blay
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e19684 Background: Depression in one the most common psychiatric illness in patients with cancer and it is known to reduce quality of life. The study of depression has been a challenge because symptoms occur on a broad spectrum that ranges from sadness to major affective disorder because mood change is often difficult to evaluate in palliative situation. Many depressed patients in oncology are not treated due to the difficulty in assessment. Difficulties in assessment may be due to nondisclosure by patients who may feel they are wasting the doctor's time. There is also the mistaken belief among some professionals that the cancer invariably causes depression. Our hypothesis is that depressive symptoms are overlooked whereas others symptoms like anxiety are easily detect. Aim: To assess oncologists decision making strategy for depression's management and to assess how they manage depression. Methods: It was a multicenter prospective study. We used a qualitative-quantitative design with all the oncologist of three cancer center. Results: Thirty-four physicians were included in our study. The mean age of our sample was 44 years. The mean duration of interviews was 17 min 45 (from 11 min to 27 min ). The first results are that the oncologists' evaluation of depressive symptoms is heterogeneous, with a low rate of physicians using a screening tool. They are in the majority favorable to a systematic screening procedure despite the lack of time they underline. They don't use any algorithm for the management of their patients' depression. The discourse analysis is still in progress and will be presented at the congress. Conclusions: We hope that this research will help us to understand the underdiagnosis off depression in oncology. An other expected result is the sensibilization of the carrers to the management of depression. Last, we hope that these data will help up us to propose new strategies. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Amitriptyline-perphenazine overdose producing delayed hypomania in manic-depressive illness
Authors: E J Mikkelsen, A H Rosebaum
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1975)

The authors describe a 26-year-old woman who became hypomanic after awakening from a semicomatose state induced by an overdose of amitriptyline-perphenazine (Triavil). She had been depressed and had a strong family history of manic-depressive illness. The case is reported to support previous evidence that dopamine is a mediator for mania.
Trends in mastectomy rates at the Mayo Clinic Rochester: Effect of surgical year and preoperative MRI
Authors: R. Katipamula, T. L. Hoskin, J. C. Boughey, A. C. Degnim, C. S. Grant, K. R. Brandt, C. L. Loprinzi, S. Pruthi, M. P. Goetz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

509 Background: Surgical treatment for early stage breast cancer (ca) includes mastectomy (mast) or lumpectomy. The influence of preoperative breast magnetic resonance imaging (pMRI) on mast rates is unknown. We sought to analyze trends in mast rates and their relationship to breast MRI and surgical year (yr) at the Mayo Clinic Rochester. Methods: A cohort of 5,596 stage 0–2 breast cas in 5,463 pts who had surgery between 1997–2006 were identified retrospectively. Surgery type was defined using institutional surgical index and tumor registry. All pts in the cohort with pMRI were identified from a prospective breast MRI database initiated in 2003. Trends over time in mast rate and the association of pMRI with surgery type were assessed. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess the effect of surgery yr and pMRI on surgery type, while adjusting for potential confounding variables. Results: TNM stage of the 5,596 breast cas was: 0- 18%, I- 48%, and II- 34%; mean age was 61 (23 to 95) yrs. Mast rates differed significantly across time (p<0.0001), and decreased from 45% in 1997 to 30% in 2003, followed by increasing rates for 2004–2006 (Table 1). Pts with pMRI were more likely to undergo mast than those without pMRI (52% vs 38%, p<0.0001); however a similar increase in mast rates was seen among pts without pMRI (28% in 2003 to 41% in 2006; p<0.0001). In a multivariate model adjusted for age, stage, contralateral breast ca, and density, both MRI (Odds Ratio (OR): 1.7, p<0.0001) and surgical yr (compared to 2003; OR: 1.4 for 2004, 1.9 for 2005, and 1.7 for 2006; p<0.0001) were independent predictors of mast. Conclusions: Following a steady decline over 7 years, mast rates have increased in recent years and are similar to 1997, with both surgery yr and pMRI as significant predictors of type of surgery. Because type of local therapy may not influence survival, further studies are needed to evaluate the role of pMRI and other factors influencing preoperative surgical planning. Temporal Trends in Mastectomy Rates and Preoperative MRI 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Mastectomy (%) 45 44 41 37 37 36 30 37 44 43 % of patients with MRI 11 13 19 22 Mastectomy (%) by MRI MRI 44 53 57 52 No MRI 28 35 41 41 No significant financial relationships to disclose.
3D Assessment of Features Associated With Transvalvular Aortic Regurgitation After TAVR
Authors: Kentaro Shibayama, Hirotsugu Mihara, Hasan Jilaihawi, Javier Berdejo, Kenji Harada, Yuji Itabashi, Robert Siegel, Raj R. Makkar, Takahiro Shiota
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2016)
Monoclonal antibody-based therapies for hematologic malignancies.
Authors: P S Multani, M L Grossbard
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

PURPOSE To review recent advances in the development and clinical roles of monoclonal antibody (MoAb)-based therapies in the treatment of hematologic malignancies. DESIGN A search of MEDLINE and CANCERLIT was conducted to identify relevant publications. The bibliographies of these references also were used to identify articles and abstracts. These references were then reviewed. RESULTS In the two decades since the first patient was treated with MoAb therapy, there have been significant advances in the biology, pharmacology, and clinical application of MoAb-based therapies. Three distinct fields of research have emerged: unconjugated MoAbs, immunotoxin-conjugated MoAbs (ITs), and radionuclide-conjugated MoAbs (RICs). The unconjugated MoAbs are less toxic but depend on host mechanisms to mediate cytotoxicity. The ITs carry a potent toxin, although at the cost of a narrow therapeutic index that may limit clinical use. The RICs offer significant potency, even in refractory disease, but their complexity may limit their use to large cancer centers. The current challenges in the development of MoAb-based therapies are to identify the proper target antigens, contend with bulk disease in which penetration may be limited, and choose the optimal clinical settings for their use, such as the minimal residual disease state or in combination with conventional chemotherapy. CONCLUSION Although significant research is still needed, MoAb-based therapies promise to offer new options for the treatment of patients with hematologic malignancies.
Abstract 12356: The Effect of Mechanical Circulatory Support on Cardiac Antibody-Mediated Rejection With Regard to C3d and C4d Depositions
Authors: Katharina Wassilew, Evgenij Potapov, Dagmar Kemper, Roland Hetzer
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction:  Due to the shortage of donor organs, mechanical circulatory support systems (MCS) are now widely used as a treatment option to bridge the failing heart to transplantation. It has been observed that MCS patients show a higher frequency of antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) episodes. These are thought to represent an immune reaction directed against the device in terms of allosensitation.   Hypothesis:  Capillary C4d depositions are required to diagnose AMR in cardiac allografts. In this regard the role of C3d is still being considered.  We aimed to analyze the effects of MCS on cardiac AMR with regards to capillary C3d and C4d depositions.   Methods:  We evaluated all consecutive right ventricular endomyocardial biopsies (EMBs) of cardiac allografts taken between 01/2011 and 12/2012 (254 patients). With regard to pre-transplant MCS treatment, patients were divided into two groups (MCS group n=82 patients, non-MCS group n=138 patients). Patients were excluded from the analysis if they had an MCS system that was used in fewer than five of the study population patients.  Conventional histology (hematoxylin-eosin stained slides) and immunohistochemical stains were used on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections (FFPE) to evaluate the EMBs regarding AMR (complements C3d and C4d). Fisher’s exact test was performed to analyze the relationship between C4d and C3d in both patient groups. The Cochran-Mantel-Haenzsel test was applied to assess significance of the differences in interactions between groups.   Results:  In the study population as a whole there is a positive correlation between C3d and C4d (p=0.007), with 64% concordant cases (107 negative and 33 positive out of 220 in total). Analyzing the two groups separately a significant C3d/C4d correlation was found only for the MCS group (p=0.002, odds ratio=4.185, non-MCS group p=0.418, odds ratio=1.392).   Conclusion:  Only in patients with pre-transplant MCS does C3d correlate with capillary C4d depositions. This circumstance may beneficially complement existing diagnostic criteria for AMR.
Factors influencing the uptake of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine to prevent cervical cancer (CC).
Authors: J. Y. Lai, A. V. Tinker, W. Y. Cheung
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

6008 Background: Despite its ability to prevent CC, research indicates that public acceptance of the HPV vaccine may be suboptimal, but the potential reasons for this poor uptake are as yet unclear. Our aims were to 1) evaluate the willingness of U.S. women to use the HPV vaccine, 2) examine their current understanding of HPV infection and its association with CC, and 3) determine the impact of knowledge level and sociodemographic factors on attitudes toward using the HPV vaccine. Methods: Women aged ≥ 18 years were identified from the U.S. population-based Health Information National Trends Survey. We developed a 6-point composite scoring system based on individual survey responses to specific knowledge related questions to characterize the quality of personal understanding about HPV risks and complications (where a score of 0 = poor and 6 = excellent awareness). Logistic regression and interaction analyses were conducted to explore the influence of this knowledge level and other clinical factors on the decision to apply the HPV vaccine. Results: There were 804 female respondents: mean age was 44.9 (SD = 2.53) years and 73% were white. In total, 75% of women indicated they would immunize their daughters against HPV. Mean knowledge score was 5.6 (SD = 0.30), but understanding about (a) the route of HPV transmission and (b) the causal relationship between HPV infection and CC were weakest. Individuals who were white, educated, high income earners as well as those with a family history of any cancers were more knowledgeable about HPV (all p < 0.05). In multivariate models and interaction analyses, white race correlated with a higher likelihood of using the HPV vaccine (OR = 1.86, p = 0.04), but knowledge level did not (OR = 0.47, p = 0.22). Conclusions: In this population- based sample of U.S. women, knowledge level was generally high, but it was not associated with the use of the HPV vaccine. Factors that are commonly associated with racial differences in cancer care, such as inferior access to the healthcare system and prohibitive treatment-related costs, may be more significant barriers to vaccine use. Interventions focused on alleviating these racial disparities might better modify the uptake of the HPV vaccine. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Prognostic significance of ki67, p53, TS and EGFR in advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer patients treated with cetuximab plus FOLFIRI (FOLCETUX study)
Authors: F. L. Rojas Llimpe, F. Di Fabio, C. Ceccarelli, C. Pinto, S. Siena, S. Cascinu, C. Funaioli, V. Mutri, S. Giaquinta, A. A. Martoni
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

4604 Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between pathologic biomarkers and objective response (OR), time to progression (TTP) and overall survival (OS) in advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer patients (pts) treated with cetuximab plus FOLFIRI. Methods: We analysed 32/38 pts with stomach or GEJ locally advanced/metastatic adenocarcinoma, EGFR+, enrolled in the Italian FOLCETUX study. The pts were treated as first line with cetuximab weekly at 400 mg/m 2 iv loading dose, and then at 250 mg/m 2 iv maintenance dose, plus FOLFIRI every 2 weeks, for a maximum of 24 weeks, then cetuximab alone was allowed in pts with CR/PR/SD. Expression of Ki67, p53, TS and EGFR was examined immunohistochemically in primary tumor and/or metastasis samples. Ki67, p53 and TS were categorized into a low and high value; EGFR was categorized into low, intermediate and high values. High cut-off was defined as: &gt;50% Ki67; &gt;20% p53; =9% cytoplasmatic and &gt;30% nuclear TS; EGFR score (combining % neoplastic cell positive and intensity) was: low=0–2, intermediate=3–5, high=6–7. To avoid any discrepant evaluation the assessment was carried out centrally by just one pathologist. Results: The pt characteristics were: 22M/10F; median age 64.5 years (39–83); stomach 29(90.6%), GEJ 3(9.4%); intestinal histotype 21(65.6%), non-intestinal 11(34.4%); locally advanced disease 4(12.5%), metastatic disease 28(87.5%). The OR were: 15 CR+PR, 15 SD, 2 PD. No relationship was observed between Ki67, p53, TS and EGFR expression and OR (Chi-squared test/Fisher’s Exact Test). In the multivariate analysis adjusted for the impact of intestinal/non-intestinal histotype and locally advanced/metastatic disease, the low TS expression was associated with an improved TTP ( Table 1 ). Conclusions: This results suggest that TS, EGFR, p53 and Ki67 expressions are not significantly correlated with OR. Low TS expression is predictive of better TTP. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Neurological impairment in violent schizophrenic inpatients
Authors: M I Krakowski, A Convit, J Jaeger, S Lin, J Volavka
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1989)

This study relates violent behavior of schizophrenic inpatients to demographic, historical, EEG, neurological, and neuropsychological variables. Patients were classified into high (N = 28), low (N = 27), or no (N = 34) violence groups. There were no significant differences among the groups on demographic or historical variables, except for prevalence of violent crime, which was higher in both violent groups than in nonviolent patients. Neurological and neuropsychological abnormalities differentiated the groups, with the high violence group evidencing more abnormalities than the other two groups in the area of integrative sensory and motor functions. The authors suggest that violence as well as neurological and neuropsychological deficits may characterize a more severe form of schizophrenia.