tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The role of CCL21/CCR7 chemokine axis in breast cancer-induced lymphangiogenesis
Authors: Elena Tutunea-Fatan, Mousumi Majumder, Xiping Xin, Peeyush K Lala
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2015)

Tumor-induced lymphangiogenesis facilitates breast cancer progression by generating new lymphatic vessels that serve as conduits for tumor dissemination to lymph nodes and beyond. Given the recent evidence suggesting the implication of C-C chemokine ligand 21/chemokine receptor 7 (CCL21/CCR7) in lymph node metastasis, the aim of our study was to define the role of this chemokine pair in breast cancer-associated lymphangiogenesis. The expression analysis of CCL21/CCR7 pair and lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC) markers in breast cancer specimens was performed by means of quantitative real-time PCR. By utilizing CCR7 and CCL21 gene manipulated breast cancer cell implants into orthotopic sites of nude mice, lymphatic vessel formation was assessed through quantitative real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence assays. Finally, the lymphangiogenic potential of CCL21/CCR7 was assessed in vitro with primary LECs through separate functional assays, each attempting to mimic different stages of the lymphangiogenic process. We found that CCR7 mRNA expression in human breast cancer tissues positively correlates with the expression of lymphatic endothelial markers LYVE-1, podoplanin, Prox-1, and vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C). We demonstrated that the expression of CCL21/CCR7 by breast cancer cells has the ability to promote tumor-induced lymph-vascular recruitment in vivo. In vitro, CCL21/CCR7 chemokine axis regulates the expression and secretion of lymphangiogenic factor VEGF-C and thereby promotes proliferation, migration, as well as tube formation of the primary human LECs. Finally, we showed that protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway is the intracellular mechanism of CCR7-mediated VEGF-C secretion by human breast cancer cells. These results reveal that CCR7 and VEGF-C display a significant crosstalk and suggest a novel role of the CCL21/CCR7 chemokine axis in the promotion of breast cancer-induced lymphangiogenesis.
Effect of aging on the stride pattern of veteran marathon runners
Authors: P Conoboy, R Dyson
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2006)

Objective: To investigate the stride pattern of different age groups of veteran runners in a marathon road race. Methods: This kinematic study investigated the stride pattern (stride length, stride period, velocity, stance time, and non-stance time) for 151 runners (78 men aged up to 75–80, 73 women aged up to 60–64) at the 7 mile point. Results: Significant declines for men with aging were found for mean stride length (from 2.4 m at age 40–49 to 2.0 m at age 60+), velocity, and non-stance time (p&lt;0.05), whereas stride period changed little. The findings indicate that the lower velocities of older runners are associated with shorter strides whereas cadence changes little. However, when a statistical adjustment was made for the variation in runners’ velocity, it was found that older runners did not have a significantly shorter stride length at any given velocity. Conclusion: Although a shorter stride is the mechanical route by which older runners lose velocity, the shorter stride may not be the fundamental cause of the velocity reduction with age. This has implications for researchers and coaches when investigating and training veteran distance runners.
Detection of Intracoronary Thrombus by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: C.H.P. Jansen, D. Perera, M.R. Makowski, A.J. Wiethoff, A. Phinikaridou, R.M. Razavi, M.S. Marber, G.F. Greil, E. Nagel, D. Maintz, S. Redwood, R.M. Botnar
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Persistent intracoronary thrombus after plaque rupture is associated with an increased risk of subsequent myocardial infarction and mortality. Coronary thrombus is usually visualized invasively by x-ray coronary angiography. Non-contrast-enhanced T1-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has been useful for direct imaging of carotid thrombus and intraplaque hemorrhage by taking advantage of the short T1 of methemoglobin present in acute thrombus and intraplaque hemorrhage. The aim of this study was to investigate the use of non-contrast-enhanced MR for direct thrombus imaging (MRDTI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction.Eighteen patients (14 men; age, 61±9 years) underwent MRDTI within 24 to 72 hours of presenting with an acute coronary syndrome before invasive x-ray coronary angiography; MRDTI was performed with a T1-weighted, 3-dimensional, inversion-recovery black-blood gradient-echo sequence without contrast administration. Ten patients were found to have intracoronary thrombus on x-ray coronary angiography (left anterior descending, 4; left circumflex, 2; right coronary artery, 4; and right coronary artery-posterior descending artery, 1), and 8 had no visible thrombus. We found that MRDTI correctly identified thrombus in 9 of 10 patients (sensitivity, 91%; posterior descending artery thrombus not detected) and correctly classified the control group in 7 of 8 patients without thrombus formation (specificity, 88%). The contrast-to-noise ratio was significantly greater in coronary segments containing thrombus (n=10) compared with those without visible thrombus (n=131; mean contrast-to-noise ratio, 15.9 versus 2.6; P<0.001).Use of MRDTI allows selective visualization of coronary thrombus in a patient population with a high probability of intracoronary thrombosis.
Specific antinuclear antibodies are associated with clinical features in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: I E A Hoffman
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2004)

<b>Objectives:</b> To study associations between antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and signs/symptoms in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). <b>Methods:</b> A consecutive cohort of 289 patients with SLE was included; 235 fulfilled ACR criteria for SLE and were further analysed. ANA profiles were determined by line immunoassay and by indirect immunofluorescence on <i>Crithidia luciliae</i>. An extensive list of signs/symptoms was evaluated. <b>Results:</b> Five clusters of antibodies were defined by cluster analysis: 1—antibodies to SmB, SmD, RNP-A, RNP-C, and RNP-70k; 2—antibodies to Ro52, Ro60, and SSB; 3, 4, and 5—antibodies to ribosomal P, histones and dsDNA, respectively. Significant associations (p⩽0.01) were found between anti-RNP-70k, anti-RNP-A, anti-RNP-C and Raynaud's phenomenon, between anti-RNP-A, anti-RNP-70k and leucopenia, and between anti-RNP-A, anti-RNP-C and a lower prevalence of urine cellular casts. Anti-SSA, anti-SSB were associated with xerostomia, and anti-SSB with pericarditis. Antibodies to ribosomal P were associated with haemolytic anaemia, leucopenia, and alopecia. Patients with anti-dsDNA antibodies had a higher risk for cellular casts and a lower risk for photosensitivity. Antihistone antibodies were associated with arthritis. <b>Conclusions:</b> In a large and consecutive cohort of patients with SLE, clusters of antibodies were identified. Previously reported associations of antibodies with symptoms were confirmed and new associations found.
On a Case of Loss of Power of Expression; Inability to Talk, to Write, and to Read Correctly after Convulsive Attacks
Authors: J. H. Jackson
Journal: BMJ (1866)

LSO& day; and it was of a greenish yellowv colour, and soiled her linen.A question the judge asked me was, Would the discharge make its appearance so soon, if the child had been assaulted, as was supposed, the first night that she went into the country ?lsaid that I did not consider this a case of gonor- rhcea, but a blenorrhosal discharge, the result of rough usage.Casper considers this one of the most important signs, since it is always found in children from twelve to fourteen years of age.3. The Absence of Blood.In reference to this point, Casper says that in young children it is always absent, but is always present with adults.4. Pain in Walking.This symptom was well marked in this case; and, according to Casper, in children this symptom is never simulated.5. Pain in Passing Urine.This was also well mArked in this case.The pain came on the second day, owing to the inflamed state her pritate parts were in.6.The Venereal Sympto'ms.In this case, when the girl first presented herself for examination to Dr. Hooper, they were well marked, she having chancres in the labia.Mr. Brookes, of the Westmineter Road, proved that the man was about the same time labour- ing under the venereal disease, not gonorrhea.When I first saw the child, I did not detect any hanceres, only the discharge and enlarged gland in the groin.7. How was the Offence committed?The girl was * The word note was crossed out, and the word letter substi- toted; but I observed that throughout our conversation on the statement he had written out, he used the word note for letter.Neither his father nor myself could get him out of this use of the word.He stared at our objections vacantly.t Professor Bain says (Fortnihtly Review, Februfary 1st, 1866>:- "It must be oonsidered as almost beyond a doubt, that the romewed feeling occupies the very same parts, and in the same mannar as the originalfeeling, and in no other parts, nor in any other wanner that can be assigned."
Cell-free DNA Analysis for Noninvasive Examination of Trisomy
Authors: Mary E. Norton, Bo Jacobsson, Geeta K. Swamy, Louise C. Laurent, Angela C. Ranzini, Herb Brar, Mark W. Tomlinson, Leonardo Pereira, Jean L. Spitz, Desiree Hollemon, Howard Cuckle, Thomas J. Musci, Ronald J. Wapner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) testing for fetal trisomy is highly effective among high-risk women. However, there have been few direct, well-powered studies comparing cfDNA testing with standard screening during the first trimester in routine prenatal populations.In this prospective, multicenter, blinded study conducted at 35 international centers, we assigned pregnant women presenting for aneuploidy screening at 10 to 14 weeks of gestation to undergo both standard screening (with measurement of nuchal translucency and biochemical analytes) and cfDNA testing. Participants received the results of standard screening; the results of cfDNA testing were blinded. Determination of the birth outcome was based on diagnostic genetic testing or newborn examination. The primary outcome was the area under the receiver-operating-characteristic curve (AUC) for trisomy 21 (Down's syndrome) with cfDNA testing versus standard screening. We also evaluated cfDNA testing and standard screening to assess the risk of trisomies 18 and 13.Of 18,955 women who were enrolled, results from 15,841 were available for analysis. The mean maternal age was 30.7 years, and the mean gestational age at testing was 12.5 weeks. The AUC for trisomy 21 was 0.999 for cfDNA testing and 0.958 for standard screening (P=0.001). Trisomy 21 was detected in 38 of 38 women (100%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 90.7 to 100) in the cfDNA-testing group, as compared with 30 of 38 women (78.9%; 95% CI, 62.7 to 90.4) in the standard-screening group (P=0.008). False positive rates were 0.06% (95% CI, 0.03 to 0.11) in the cfDNA group and 5.4% (95% CI, 5.1 to 5.8) in the standard-screening group (P<0.001). The positive predictive value for cfDNA testing was 80.9% (95% CI, 66.7 to 90.9), as compared with 3.4% (95% CI, 2.3 to 4.8) for standard screening (P<0.001).In this large, routine prenatal-screening population, cfDNA testing for trisomy 21 had higher sensitivity, a lower false positive rate, and higher positive predictive value than did standard screening with the measurement of nuchal translucency and biochemical analytes. (Funded by Ariosa Diagnostics and Perinatal Quality Foundation; NEXT ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01511458.).
Congestive Heart Failure Risk in Patients With Breast Cancer Treated With Bevacizumab
Authors: Toni K. Choueiri, Erica L. Mayer, Youjin Je, Jonathan E. Rosenberg, Paul L. Nguyen, Georges R. Azzi, Joaquim Bellmunt, Harold J. Burstein, Fabio A.B. Schutz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

Bevacizumab is a treatment option in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Congestive heart failure (CHF) has been reported, although the overall incidence and relative risk (RR) of this complication remains unclear. We performed an up-to-date, comprehensive meta-analysis to determine the risk of serious CHF in patients with breast cancer receiving bevacizumab.The databases of Medline were searched for articles from 1966 to March 2010. Abstracts presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology and the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium meetings were also searched for relevant clinical trials. Eligible studies include randomized trials with bevacizumab in patients with breast cancer. Adequate reporting of safety profile data was required for inclusion. Statistical analyses were conducted to calculate the summary incidence, RR, and 95% CIs by using random-effects models.A total of 3,784 patients were included. Overall incidence results for high-grade CHF in bevacizumab- and placebo-treated patients were 1.6% (95% CI, 1.0% to 2.6%) and 0.4% (95% CI, 0.2% to 1.0%), respectively. The RR of CHF in bevacizumab-treated patients was 4.74 (95% CI, 1.66 to 11.18; P = .001) compared with placebo-treated ones. In subgroup analyses, there were no significant differences in CHF incidence or risk between patients treated with low-dose (2.5 mg/kg) versus high-dose (5 mg/kg) bevacizumab or among patients treated with different chemotherapy regimens. No evidence of publication bias was observed.This is the first comprehensive report to show that bevacizumab is associated with an increased risk of significant heart failure in patients with breast cancer.
MIC1 and MIC3
Authors: Heather L. Van Epps
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2005)

Adhesive proteins that are discharged from the parasite Toxoplasma gondii and grab onto target cells are needed for infection, according to a study on page 453. Cerede et al. removed two proteins from T. gondii and with it stripped the parasite of its virulence in mice.Microneme proteins MIC1 and MIC3 are soluble members of a family of parasitic adhesion proteins that are secreted from the parasite, based on an unknown trigger, and bind to the surface of host cells. These proteins are thought to facilitate binding of the parasite to host cells, but their contribution to virulence remains largely unexplored.






Figure 

MIC3 (red) binds to the surface of host cells and facilitates Toxoplasma infection.




Deletion of both MIC1 and MIC3, Cerede et al. now show, prevents parasites from invading host cells and establishing infection in mice. Reexpression of either protein in the deficient parasite strain restored virulence. Mice exposed to the deficient strain of T. gondii were protected from later infection with wild-type parasites, suggesting that removal of MIC1 and MIC3 did not affect immunogenicity.

T. gondii can be transmitted to humans by ingestion of infected meat or cat feces–contaminated food and is a risk for pregnant women as it can cause congenital infections in the developing fetus. The authors suggest that this deficient strain could be used as a veterinary immunization, thereby preventing animal infections and limiting human exposure.
Teenagers catch malaria from local mosquitoes near Washington, DC
Authors: J. Hopkins Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Two cases of Plasmodium vivax malaria near the US capital seem to have been acquired locally from indigenous malaria carrying mosquitoes breeding in the area, not from malaria carrying mosquitoes escaping from Dulles international airport.

A 19 year old woman and a 15 year old boy were given diagnoses of malaria in August in Loudoun county, Virginia, near the capital. Neither patient had been out of the country or had other risk factors for malaria. It is thought that they contracted the disease from local mosquitoes, which had acquired it from an infected traveller or resident. Both patients …
P01 * AN UNUSUAL CASE OF A METASTATIC ADENOCARCINOMA OF THE PROSTATE INTO AN INTRACRANIAL MENINGIOMA
Authors: W. B. Cato-Addison, M. A. D. Hussain, P. J. Kane, M. Giles, D. Scoones, A. Varma
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

INTRODUCTION: Tumour to tumour metastatis is an unusual but well recognized phenomenon. We present a rare case of a metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma into a meningioma. METHOD: A 58 year old right handed gentleman was referred to our neuro-oncology service. He reported a history of progressive headache spanning several months but only sought medical attention when he developed focal upper limb seizures and episodic speech arrest. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a left parafalcine lesion. He was started on dexamethasone and went on to have a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain and staging CT. This confirmed disseminated lymphadenopathy and supraclavicular lymph node biopsy diagnosed metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma, which correlated with elevated prostate specific antigen (PSA). He was started on Degarelix. Pre operative MRI showed a significant reduction in the size of the lesion. This may be due to response to Degarelix or dexamethasone or both. RESULTS: Histology revealed two different populations, an atypical component of small cells positive for PSA, PSAP, CKAE1/AE3 and negative for EMA, vimentin and progesterone receptor thus consistent with a metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma. Additionally, there were uniform cells with oval and bland nuclei. This component was positive for EMA, vimentin, progesterone receptor and CD56 and negative for CKAE1/AE3 and prostatic markers, consistent with a WHO grade 1 meningothelial meningioma. CONCLUSION: We present a rare phenomenon of metastatic prostatic carcinoma into a meningioma. Interestingly, the tumour showed a marked reduction in size on pre-operative imaging. This is likely due to a response of the metastatic component to anti androgen and steroid therapy.
Inhibition of 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine-Induced Neoplasia of the Large Intestine in Female CF 1 Mice by Carbon Disulfide: Brief Communication 2
Authors: Lee W. Wattenberg, Emerich S. Fiala
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1978)

Disulfiram, diethyldithiocarbamate, and bis-(ethylxanthogen) inhibit symmetrical 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride (DMH)-induced neoplasia of the large bowel in female CF1 mice. These three compounds contain a carbon disulfide (CS2) moiety in their structure. In the present study, CS2 itself was found to inhibit DMH-induced neoplasia of the large bowel in female CF1 mice. Thus a relatively simple compound is now available for investigation of the mechanism of inhibition of DMH-induced neoplasia by a group of sulfur-containing inhibitors having common structural features.
Urinary Albumin Excretion Is Associated with Renal Functional Abnormalities in a Nondiabetic Population
Authors: SARA-JOAN PINTO-SIETSMA, WILBERT M.T. JANSSEN, HANS L. HILLEGE, GERJAN NAVIS, DICK DE ZEEUW, PAUL E. DE JONG
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2000)

Microalbuminuria (MA) is an important early sign of diabetic nephropathy. Hyperfiltration and impaired filtration in relation to albuminuria has been well investigated in diabetic subjects. This study tested the hypothesis that an increased urinary albumin excretion (UAE) is associated with renal functional abnormalities also in nondiabetic subjects. The relation between UAE and creatinine clearances (Ccr) in 7728 nondiabetic subjects was studied. Subjects were divided in four groups according to UAE (mg/24 h): 0 to 15 (control), 15 to 30 (high-normal albuminuria [HNA]), 30 to 300 (MA), >300 (macroalbuminuria). An elevated filtration and a diminished filtration were defined as a Ccr exceeding or below 2x the SD of the control group corrected for age and gender. Ccr followed a parabolic trend, with a higher Ccr in the HNA as compared with control and a lower Ccr in the MA and macroalbuminuria group as compared with HNA. With each increasing UAE level, male sex, age, body mass index, minimal waist circumference, systolic and diastolic BP, plasma glucose, and a positive family history for diabetes all followed a significant linear increasing trend (P < 0.001). After adjustment for age, gender, body mass index, plasma glucose, a positive family history for diabetes, systolic and diastolic BP, antihypertensive medication, and smoking in a multivariate analysis, HNA and MA were independently associated with an elevated filtration (RR 1.8 [95% confidence interval, 1.30 to 2.51] and 1.7 [1.17 to 2. 45]). Macroalbuminuria was independently associated with a diminished filtration (4.3 [range, 1.97 to 9.36]). In conclusion, an elevated UAE might be an important and early sign for progressive renal function loss in a nondiabetic population.
Adjuvant Therapy of Breast Cancer in the Elderly
Authors: William J. Gradishar, Virginia G. Kaklamani
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Workshop on perinatal exposure to dioxin-like compounds. VI. Role of biomarkers.
Authors: K Hooper, G C Clark
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

Studies of perinatal exposures to dioxin-like compounds (DLCs), coplanar polycyclic halogenated aromatics whose prototype is 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), have employed a variety of outcome measures to investigate effects on the reproductive/developmental, endocrine, immune, and neurobehavioral systems. The effects include infertility, growth retardation, fetal loss, changed sexual differentiation, reduced cognitive/motor function, dermatologic and other ectodermal effects, and decreased immune response. Significant biomarkers have included sperm count; CD4/CD8 ratio; and levels of testosterone, T4, and dopamine. Using specific dioxin or PCB congeners, these and other markers were used to investigate the mechanisms of the observed effects. The DLCs, which include some PCB congeners, are characterized by high-affinity binding to the Ah receptor; most biological effects are thought to be mediated by the ligand-Ah receptor complex. Other PCB congeners have low affinity for the Ah receptor, and operate by non-Ah receptor mechanisms. The biologic activity of a PCB mixture is the sum of the agonist and antagonist activities of the different constituents in the mixture. Animal studies with specific PCB congeners can help to clarify these activities. With similar approaches, biologic markers of effect can be developed and applied in epidemiologic studies to monitor for, and predict, adverse effects in humans.