tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Colour Atlas of Pulmonary Cytopathology
Journal: Thorax (1986)

pneumonia is rarely associated with spontaneous pneumo- thorax.8Clearly, however, we cannot be certain that the pneumothorax was not caused by the underlying disease process in our second case.The safety of fibreoptic bronchoscopy, when performed as an outpatient procedure in carefully selected patients, has been clearly documented.7 Hospital admission of patients having transbronchial biopsies is, however, recommended.'We agree with this and suggest that all patients should be assessed for the presence of delayed pneumothorax just before discharge from hospital.Patients should in addition be informed of the possibility of this complication and advised to seek medical assistance early in the event of symptoms that suggest its occurrence.
Influence of Histamine and Serotonin Antagonists on the Growth of Xenografted Human Colorectal Tumors&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: D H Barkla, P J Tutton
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

Four lines of human colorectal cancer were established and serially propagated as subcutaneous xenographs in immunosuppressed inbred CBA/Lac mice. Established xenografts were then used to investigate the influence of a serotonin antagonist (BW 501c) and a histamine H2 receptor antagonists (Cimetidine) on xenograft growth. The growth of each of the four tumor lines was significantly inhibited by BW 501c throughout the treatment, whereas the growth of only two tumor lines was significantly inhibited by Cimetidine treatment. The response of individual tumor lines was not predictable on the basis of either tumor histopathology or the natural growth rate of the untreated xenograft. A number of alternative, but not mutually exclusive, hypotheses are suggested to explain the results. One hypothesis proposes that colorectal tumors are composed of subpopulations of tumor cells that are variously dependent on or independent of amine hormones. Another hypothesis is that tumor cells exhibit temporal changes in hormone sensitivity to amine hormones during treatment. Finally, it is suggested that serotonin and/or histamine H2 antagonists may be useful in preventing the repopulation of colorectal carcinomas following antineoplastic therapy with the use of conventional drugs.
Calcium oxalate stones in a colonic surgical suture: an uncommon endoscopic finding
Authors: Joana Ribeiro da Silva, Rolando Pinho, Iolanda Ribeiro, Ana Ponte, Jaime Rodrigues, Agostinho Lira, João Carvalho
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

A 59-year old Brazilian woman had undergone ileocolonic resection in 2004 while in Brazil. She now presented to our department with abdominal pain and the passage of liquid stools (more than five daily). Her symptoms had begun 4 months earlier. She had no nausea, vomiting, or fever. The patient could not clarify the indication for her previous surgery and denied the long-term use of medications or a family history of colorectal cancer. The physical examination findings were unremarkable except for abdominal discomfort at the right iliac fossa.
Adipogenesis: 3D Tissue Formation of Unilocular Adipocytes in Hydrogel Microfibers (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 5/2016)
Authors: Amy Y. Hsiao, Teru Okitsu, Hiroki Teramae, Shoji Takeuchi
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2016)

On page 548, S. Takeuchi and co-workers demonstrate how adipocyte fibers exhibiting morphologies and functions of native adipose tissues differentiate from adipose derived stem cells encapsulated in hydrogel microfibers using the cell fiber technology. This method allows mature unilocular adipocytes to establish dense cell-cell contacts. Molding of the adipocyte fibers into doll-shaped constructs further demonstrates the versatility of the fibers as microtissues for biological, pharmaceutical, and clinical applications.
Updated results from a phase III trial of sunitinib in GIST patients (pts) for whom imatinib (IM) therapy has failed due to resistance or intolerance
Authors: P. G. Casali, C. R. Garrett, M. E. Blackstein, M. Shah, J. Verweij, G. McArthur, I. Judson, J. Li, C. M. Baum, G. D. Demetri
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

9513 Background: Sunitinib malate (previously known as SU11248) is an oral multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor with both antitumor and antiangiogenic effects due to blockade of KIT, PDGFRs, VEGFRs, FLT3, and RET. Initial results from this phase III trial showed sunitinib was associated with significantly longer TTP than placebo in IM-resistant GIST pts. Methods: This double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III trial compared sunitinib 50 mg/day (N=207) to placebo (N=105) in IM-resistant or -intolerant GIST pts. Treatment was administered in 6-week cycles (4 weeks on, 2 weeks off treatment). The primary endpoint was TTP. Secondary endpoints included PFS, OS, ORR, and pain and health status (HS) measures. Pain relief response rate (PRRR) was defined as the proportion of pts who had ≥1 pain relief response event (based on weekly changes in present pain index of MPQ and analgesic consumption). HS was measured using the EQ-5D questionnaire. Results: A planned interim analysis showed significantly longer median TTP with sunitinib versus placebo (27.3 vs 6.4 weeks; HR, 0.33; P&lt;0.001), which led to unblinding of the study and crossover of all placebo pts to open-label sunitinib. OS was also significantly longer with sunitinib (median OS will be presented). Sunitinib therapy induced PRs in 14 pts (6.8%) and durable SD (≥22 weeks) in 36 (17.4%) vs. 0% PR and SD ≥22 weeks in 2 (1.9%) pts on placebo. Four of 9 IM-intolerant pts achieved PR with sunitinib therapy versus 0 of 4 IM-intolerant pts treated with placebo. There was a trend for higher PRRR with sunitinib versus placebo in the ITT population (17.4% vs 9.5%, P=0.064) and in 174 pts who reported pain or analgesic use at baseline (31.0% vs 17.2%, P=0.052). The most common treatment-related AEs were fatigue, diarrhea, skin discoloration, and nausea, which were usually grade 1/2 and easily managed. Updated survival and tumor-control efficacy measures, tolerability, and HS results will be available for presentation. Conclusions: Sunitinib significantly prolonged TTP and OS in GIST pts for whom IM therapy had failed due to resistance or intolerance. This trial demonstrated major clinical benefit from a multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor in pts resistant to a different kinase inhibitor. [Table: see text]
Gm Factors in Normal γ-Globulin Fractions, Myeloma Proteins, and Microglobulins
Authors: J L FAHEY, S D LAWLER
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1961)

The Gm groups in man are genetically determined properties of normal serum γ-globulins. In the present study, Gm factors (a), (b), and (x) were measured in fractions of normal serum γ-globulin obtained by anion-exchange (DEAE) cellulose chromatography. Gm factors appeared to be present in the same proportion in all the normal human γ-globulin fractions, with ultracentrifugal sedimentation coefficient of about 6.6S. However, the normal fraction, composed primarily of 18S globulin, had no detectable activity. Myeloma proteins, classified immunoelectrophoretically as γ-type and having a single 6.6S component in the ultra-centrifuge, varied in their Gm activities. Two Gm factors were undoubtedly present on one such protein. Other myeloma proteins appeared to have only one of the two or three Gm factors present in normal γ-globulins. Several myeloma proteins showed activity equal to that of normal γ-globulin for one Gm factor, but other Gm factors were found at very low levels. The quantitative differences in Gm activity of the individual γ-type myeloma globulins are believed to reflect qualitative differences in the proteins. Myeloma proteins classified immunoelectrophoretically as β2A-type and having multiple (6.6S, 9S, 11S, and 13S) components in the ultra-centrifuge did not have demonstrable Gm factors. The γ-18S macroglobulins (β2M on immunoelectrophoresis) similarly were without Gm factors. Reduction of these macromolecules to smaller units with sedimentation coefficients of about 6.6S did not uncover masked or latent Gm activity. The finding of Gm activity on γ-myeloma globulins indicates that malignant plasma cells retain certain genetic features of normal plasma cells.
Cladribine Added to Daunorubicin and Cytarabine Induction Regimen Prolongs Survival of Patients with Complex but Not Monosomal Karyotype Acute Myeloid Leukemia – Retrospective Analysis of Polish Adult Leukemia Group (PALG)
Authors: Agnieszka Wierzbowska, Ewa Wawrzyniak, Monika Siemieniuk-Rys, Aleksandra Kotkowska, Agnieszka Pluta, Tadeusz Robak, Anna Jaskowiec, Ewa Duszenko, Marta Szarawarska, Justyna Rybka, Jadwiga Holojda, Sebastian Grosicki, Barbara Pienkowska-Grela, Renata Woroniecka, Anna Ejduk, Marzena Watek, Malgorzata Wach, Barbara Mucha, Katarzyna Skonieczka, Maria Czyzewska, Anna Jachalska, Agnieszka Klonowska, Mariola Iliszko, Wanda Knopinska-Posluszny, Malgorzata Jarmuz-Szymczak, Anna Przybylowicz-Chalecka, Lidia Gil, Agnieszka Kopacz, Jerzy Holowiecki, Olga Haus
Journal: Blood (2014)
Investigating the pharmacokinetics and dosing of anticancer drugs in infants and young children.
Authors: Gareth J Veal, Julie Errington, Ghada Malik, Christopher R Hill, Alan V Boddy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

10033 Background: Dosing regimens for anticancer drugs administered to infants and young children frequently differ between tumour types and protocols, with dosing based on body weight commonly implicated. We have recently highlighted a reduced exposure to 13-cis-retinoic acid in neuroblastoma patients &lt;12kg dosed on body weight (Clin Cancer Res19:469-79,2013). Given the toxicity observed with many chemotherapeutics, it is appropriate to establish a pharmacological basis for dose adjustments implemented in younger patients. Methods: The pharmacokinetics of cyclophosphamide (CPA), actinomycin D (Act D), carboplatin and etoposide were investigated in children aged 0-6, 6-12 and 12-24 months. CPA was administered i.v. at a dose of 100-1,500 mg/m 2 , with infusion times up to 1.5h, Act D as a bolus i.v. infusion of 0.4-1.5mg/m 2 , carboplatin as an i.v. dose of 3.8-30mg/kg over 1-4h and etoposide as an i.v. dose of 3.5-14mg/kg over 1-6h. Eighty-six children were studied at 14 centres, with PK sampling carried out over 24h for CPA and Act D, 3h for carboplatin and up to 6h for etoposide. Plasma concentrations of CPA, Act D and etoposide were determined by LC-MS analysis, with carboplatin concentrations determined in plasma ultrafiltrate by AAS. PK parameters were calculated using WinNonlin or previously used PK models as appropriate. Results: Clearance values normalized to body weight ranged from 0.5-7.7 ml/min/kg for CPA, 1.7-17.4 for Act D, 1.6-10.5 for carboplatin and 0.2-1.7 for etoposide. No significant differences in normalized clearance were observed between the defined age cohorts of 0-6, 6-12 and 12-24 months and the data do not indicate clear differences in drug handling in infants and young children. However, when normalized clearance values were compared to data from older children, a greater degree of inter-patient variation was observed in patients &lt;2 years than in children &gt;2 years for all drugs. Conclusions: While normalized clearance values for the drugs studied do not support reduced dosing approaches, data suggest that individual drug clearance values may be more difficult to predict in younger patients. Further studies involving additional anticancer drugs may allow more rationale approaches to dosing. Clinical trial information: NCT00897871.
Systemic delivery of siRNA by actively targeted polyion complex micelles for silencing the E6 and E7 human papillomavirus oncogenes
Authors: Haruka Nishida, Yoko Matsumoto, Kei Kawana, R. James Christie, Mitsuru Naito, Beob Soo Kim, Kazuko Toh, Hyun Su Min, Yu Yi, Yu Matsumoto, Hyun Jin Kim, Kanjiro Miyata, Ayumi Taguchi, Kensuke Tomio, Aki Yamashita, Tomoko Inoue, Hiroe Nakamura, Asaha Fujimoto, Masakazu Sato, Mitsuyo Yoshida, Katsuyuki Adachi, Takahide Arimoto, Osamu Wada-Hiraike, Katsutoshi Oda, Takeshi Nagamatsu, Nobuhiro Nishiyama, Kazunori Kataoka, Yutaka Osuga, Tomoyuki Fujii
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2016)
Efficacy of adjunctive sertraline for the treatment of HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis: an open-label dose-ranging study
Authors: Joshua Rhein, Bozena M Morawski, Kathy Huppler Hullsiek, Henry W Nabeta, Reuben Kiggundu, Lillian Tugume, Abdu Musubire, Andrew Akampurira, Kyle D Smith, Ali Alhadab, Darlisha A Williams, Mahsa Abassi, Nathan C Bahr, Sruti S Velamakanni, James Fisher, Kirsten Nielsen, David B Meya, David R Boulware
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2016)
Staphylococcus aureus and chronic folliculocentric pustuloses of the scalp - cause or association?
Authors: A.H.Y. Lee, S.Y. Cho, T.S. Yam, K. Harris, M.R. Ardern-Jones
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2016)

The aetiology of chronic scalp folliculitis (SF), folliculitis decalvans (FD), tufted folliculitis (TF), acne nuchae keloidalis (ANK), dissecting cellulitis (DCS) and other similar entities is not well established but these conditions share similar features including chronic scarring folliculocentric pustules localised to the scalp, response to antibiotic therapy and many show the presence of Staphylococcus aureus (SA). We have collectively termed these conditions chronic folliculocentric pustuloses of the scalp (CFPS), to emphasise their overlapping characteristics which suggest that there may be overlapping components in their pathogenesis, but acknowledge that individually there are distinguishing features which would imply that further contribution from distinct aetiological factors are likely to account for clinical variation in phenotype This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
<i>Pinkerton Riot, Pittsburgh</i>
Authors: Thomas B. Cole
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
SIV Infection-Mediated Changes in Gastrointestinal Bacterial Microbiome and Virome Are Associated with Immunodeficiency and Prevented by Vaccination
Authors: Scott A. Handley, Chandni Desai, Guoyan Zhao, Lindsay Droit, Cynthia L. Monaco, Andrew C. Schroeder, Joseph P. Nkolola, Megan E. Norman, Andrew D. Miller, David Wang, Dan H. Barouch, Herbert W. Virgin
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2016)
Dihydroartemisinin–Piperaquine for the Prevention of Malaria in Pregnancy
Authors: Abel Kakuru, Prasanna Jagannathan, Mary K. Muhindo, Paul Natureeba, Patricia Awori, Miriam Nakalembe, Bishop Opira, Peter Olwoch, John Ategeka, Patience Nayebare, Tamara D. Clark, Margaret E. Feeney, Edwin D. Charlebois, Gabrielle Rizzuto, Atis Muehlenbachs, Diane V. Havlir, Moses R. Kamya, Grant Dorsey
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

Intermittent treatment with sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine is widely recommended for the prevention of malaria in pregnant women in Africa. However, with the spread of resistance to sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine, new interventions are needed.
Calcification Outcome in Renal Disease (CORD) - A prospective epidemiological multinational study: baseline parameters of arterial stiffness in a large cohort of dialysis patients
Authors: F. Verbeke, Jean-Marie Krzesinski, P. Mattelaer, P. L. Rensma, Knut Aasarod, B. Wikstrom, E. Honkanen, P. B. Jensen, B. Volck
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2007)
Abstract 13166: Novel Heart Tissue Slice Enables Long-term Survival and Engraftment Following Transplantation in Ischemic Hearts
Authors: Johannes Riegler, Qi Shen, Steve T Yeh, Mei Huang, Joseph D Gold, Jospeh C Wu
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction: New therapeutic cell delivery strategies are currently being tested to restore contractile function following myocardial infarction (MI). Cells are typically delivered via intramyocar...
Kruppel-like Pluripotency Factors as Modulators of Cancer Cell Therapeutic Responses
Authors: Mark K. Farrugia, Daniel B. Vanderbilt, Mohamad A. Salkeni, J. Michael Ruppert
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Tumor cells inherit from their normal precursors an extensive stress response machinery that is critical for survival in response to challenges including oxidative stress, wounding, and shear stress. Kruppel-like transcription factors, including KLF4 and KLF5, are rarely affected by genetic alteration during tumorigenesis, but compose key components of the stress response machinery in normal and tumor cells and interact with critical survival pathways, including RAS, p53, survivin, and the BCL2 family of cell death regulators. Within tumor cells, KLF4 and KLF5 play key roles in tumor cell fate, regulating cell proliferation, cell survival, and the tumor-initiating properties of cancer stem–like cells. These factors can be preferentially expressed in embryonic stem cells or cancer stem–like cells. Indeed, specific KLFs represent key components of a cross-regulating pluripotency network in embryonic stem cells and induce pluripotency when coexpressed in adult cells with other Yamanaka factors. Suggesting analogies between this pluripotency network and the cancer cell adaptive reprogramming that occurs in response to targeted therapy, recent studies link KLF4 and KLF5 to adaptive prosurvival signaling responses induced by HER2-targeted therapy. We review literature supporting KLFs as shared mechanisms in stress adaptation and cellular reprogramming and address the therapeutic implications. Cancer Res; 76(7); 1677–82. ©2016 AACR.
Isolation and Characterization of Viruses From Natural Outbreaks of Reticuloendotheliosis in Turkeys2
Authors: Padman S. Sarma, Damini K. Jain, Nirmal K. Mishra, M. lee Vernon, Prem S. Paul, Benjamin S. Pomeroy
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

We have described the in vitro isolation of type-C RNA viruses from two outbreaks of a fatal neoplastic disease in turkeys we diagnosed as reticuloendotheliosis. The virus had a density of 1.16 g/ml in sucrose gradients, had a DNA polymerase capable of using both endogenous and exogenous (synthetic) templates, and was infectious in vitro for turkey and chick cells. The culture-propagated virus was oncogenic for turkeys. The virus isolates were unrelated to avian leukosis virus and antigenically identical to reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) strain T. Thus our studies suggested that REV is a causative agent of naturally occurring, fatal leukosis in turkeys.
Platelet-Derived Interleukin-1 Induces Cytokine Production, but not Proliferation of Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
Authors: Harald Loppnow, Rosita Bil, Stephan Hirt, Uwe Schönbeck, Mona Herzberg, Karl Werdan, Ernst Theodor Rietschel, Ernst Brandt, Hans-Dieter Flad
Journal: Blood (1998)
A contemporary analysis of the ability of preoperative serum CA-125 to predict primary cytoreductive outcome in patients with advanced ovarian, tubal, and peritoneal carcinoma
Authors: O. Zivanovic, D. S. Chi, E. L. Eisenhauer, Y. Sonoda, D. A. Levine, C. L. Brown, R. R. Barakat
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

5572 Background: We previously reported that preoperative CA-125 may predict primary cytoreductive outcome in patients (pts) with stage III ovarian carcinoma. We performed a contemporary analysis of the ability of preop CA-125 to predict cytoreductive outcome in advanced ovarian, tubal and peritoneal carcinoma. Methods: In 1/01, we initiated a programmatic change in our primary surgical approach to advanced gynecologic malignancies using extensive upper abdominal procedures to achieve maximal cytoreduction. We reviewed the records of all pts with advanced ovarian, tubal or peritoneal carcinoma who underwent primary cytoreduction at our institution between 1/01 and 4/05. Results: The study cohort included 277 pts. Primary disease site was: ovary; 232 (84%); tubal, 9 (3%); and peritoneum, 36 (13%). Stage was: IIIA, 6 (2%); IIIB, 12 (4%); IIIC, 215 (78%); and IV, 44 (16%). Tumor grade was: I, 6 (2%); II, 30 (11%), III, 235 (85%), and unknown, 6 (2%). Cytoreductive outcome was: no gross residual disease (RD), 68 (25%); ≤ 1 cm RD, 153 (55%); and &gt; 1 cm RD, 56 (20%). There was no threshold CA-125 level that accurately predicted cytoreductive outcome. With CA-125 values &gt; 500 U/mL, 50% (57/113) of pts required extensive upper abdominal surgery to achieve RD ≤ 1 cm, compared to 27% (25/93) for those with CA-125 &lt; 500 U/mL (P = 0.03). The table demonstrates the number of pts cytoreduced to = 1 cm RD in relation to preoperative serum CA-125 and the proportion of pts who needed extensive upper abdominal surgery to achieve this degree of cytoreduction. Conclusions: After the incorporation of extensive upper abdominal procedures, preop CA-125 did not predict the primary cytoreductive outcome of pts with advanced ovarian, tubal or peritoneal carcinoma. With preoperative CA-125 &gt; 500 U/mL, extensive upper abdominal procedures were necessary in 50% of pts to achieve residual disease ≤ 1 cm. These data may be useful as part of preoperative surgical counseling and planning. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Retardation of Prostate Tumor Progression in the Noble Rat by 4-Methyl-4-aza-steroidal Inhibitors of 5α-Reductase&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: N Kadohama, M Wakisaka, U Kim, J P Karr, G P Murphy, A A Sandberg
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

The effect of 4-methyl-4-aza-steroidal inhibitors of 5 alpha-reductase has been evaluated on tumor growth in the Noble rat model of prostatic adenocarcinoma. The growth characteristics of the tumor line 2Pr-121D(1) were consistent with heterogeneity of cell types, composed of androgen-sensitive and androgen-insensitive malignant cells. Both sodium 4-methyl-3-oxo-4-aza-5 alpha-pregnane-20 (s)-carboxylate and 17 beta-N,N-diethylcarbamoyl-4-methyl-4-aza-5 and 17 beta-N,N-diethylcarbamoyl-4-methyl-4-aza-5 alpha-androstan-3-one significantly retarded tumor progression. Each agent increased tumor volume doubling time by approximately 62%. On the basis of their similarities to female rats and male castrate group, in terms of growth rate, tumor doubling time, and histologic characteristics, the treatments with the 4-methyl-4-aza-steroids appeared to produce effects common to both castration and estrogenization (chronic administration of pharmacologic doses of estrogen). The failure of 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors to be active as antiprostatic agents in vivo has hitherto detracted from their use of therapeutic agents. Present studies demonstrate that the 4-methyl-4-aza-steroidal inhibitors of 5 alpha-reductase may represent an alternative to orchiectomy and chronic estrogen therapy for the management of the hormone-dependent phase of prostate cancer.