tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Response to Letter Regarding Article, “Hypothermia in Comatose Survivors From Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: Pilot Trial Comparing 2 Levels of Target Temperature”
Authors: Esteban Lopez-de-Sa, Juan R. Rey, Eduardo Armada, Jose Lopez-Sendon, Pablo Salinas, Ana Viana-Tejedor, Sandra Espinosa-Garcia, Mercedes Martinez-Moreno, Ervigio Corral
Journal: Circulation (2013)

We thank Kagawa et al for their comments and appreciate their interest in our work. 1We agree with them that there are many possible factors that could influence the results of our pilot study.All of these factors could not be controlled in our study.Kagawa et al, based on the results of their retrospective study, 2 consider that the relative risk of favorable neurological outcomes is 0.90 with a time interval of 1 minute from collapse to return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC).We need to consider that their findings were obtained from the full cohort treated or not with hypothermia.They also recognize that the rate of favorable neurological outcome was significantly higher in the hypothermia group than with normothermia with longer delay from collapse to ROSC.In our study, all patients were treated with hypothermia.So the calculations are necessarily different.Secondly, the most relevant component from the time from collapse-to-ROSC period is the time from collapse to advance CPR, which was almost identical in both groups in our study (9.6 and 9.8 minutes in the 32ºC and 34ºC group, respectively).Probably the effect on the prognosis between advance CPR to ROSC depends more on the quality on the CPR than CPR duration. 3Thirdly, Kagawa et al 2 found that cut-off time from collapse to ROSC of 29 minutes had the highest combined sensitivity and specificity in the hypothermia group for identifying favorable neurological outcomes.In our study, we tested with the Cox proportional hazards model variables such as bystander CPR, age, minutes from collapse to ROSC (<30 minutes or not), and Glasgow Coma Scale score (3 or >3) with the assigned temperature.In patients with shockable initial rhythm, the Cox model identified only 3 variables significantly related to the primary outcome: age <66 years, Glasgow score at admission >3, and assignment to 32°C, confirmed with multivariate, logistic regression analysis.Minutes from collapse to ROSC (<30 minutes or not) did not reach statistical significance.
IMP production by ATP-depleted adult rat heart cells. Effects of glycolysis and alpha 1-adrenergic stimulation.
Authors: C M Hohl, D K Wimsatt, G P Brierley, R A Altschuld
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

A rapid deenergization procedure was used to probe the regulation of in situ adenylate deaminase and 5'-nucleotidase in isolated adult rat heart cells. In cells depleted of ATP, the rate of ionosine monophosphate (IMP) production was fourfold greater in cells that had been respiring prior to deenergization than in cells that had been maintaining ATP stores through anaerobic glycolysis. This effect of respiratory inhibition was fully reversed by reaeration. When phenylephrine was present during preincubation, IMP production during a subsequent 5-minute rapid deenergization was increased by 70% in respiring cells and by 88% in those that had not been respiring. These effects of phenylephrine were abolished by prazosin. Adenosine production by cells without ATP was inversely related to that of IMP, whereas it was positively correlated with the amount of AMP remaining in cells after 5 minutes. We conclude from these data that rat heart adenylate deaminase is regulated by a product(s) of anaerobic glycolysis and by alpha 1-adrenergic stimulation. The production of intracellular adenosine in cells without ATP, on the other hand, is governed primarily by the concentration of AMP and appears to be catalyzed by the cytosolic type I 5'-nucleotidase.
Loss-of-function mutations in SLC30A8 protect against type 2 diabetes
Authors: Jason Flannick, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Nicola L Beer, Suzanne B R Jacobs, Niels Grarup, Noël P Burtt, Anubha Mahajan, Christian Fuchsberger, Gil Atzmon, Rafn Benediktsson, John Blangero, Don W Bowden, Ivan Brandslund, Julia Brosnan, Frank Burslem, John Chambers, Yoon Shin Cho, Cramer Christensen, Desirée A Douglas, Ravindranath Duggirala, Zachary Dymek, Yossi Farjoun, Timothy Fennell, Pierre Fontanillas, Tom Forsén, Stacey Gabriel, Benjamin Glaser, Daniel F Gudbjartsson, Craig Hanis, Torben Hansen, Astradur B Hreidarsson, Kristian Hveem, Erik Ingelsson, Bo Isomaa, Stefan Johansson, Torben Jørgensen, Marit Eika Jørgensen, Sekar Kathiresan, Augustine Kong, Jaspal Kooner, Jasmina Kravic, Markku Laakso, Jong-Young Lee, Lars Lind, Cecilia M Lindgren, Allan Linneberg, Gisli Masson, Thomas Meitinger, Karen L Mohlke, Anders Molven, Andrew P Morris, Shobha Potluri, Rainer Rauramaa, Rasmus Ribel-Madsen, Ann-Marie Richard, Tim Rolph, Veikko Salomaa, Ayellet V Segrè, Hanna Skärstrand, Valgerdur Steinthorsdottir, Heather M Stringham, Patrick Sulem, E Shyong Tai, Yik Ying Teo, Tanya Teslovich, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Jeff K Trimmer, Tiinamaija Tuomi, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Fariba Vaziri-Sani, Benjamin F Voight, James G Wilson, Michael Boehnke, Mark I McCarthy, Pål R Njølstad, Oluf Pedersen, Leif Groop, David R Cox, Kari Stefansson, David Altshuler
Journal: Nature Genetics (2014)
An <i>Ets2</i>-Driven Transcriptional Program in Tumor-Associated Macrophages Promotes Tumor Metastasis
Authors: Tahera Zabuawala, David A. Taffany, Sudarshana M. Sharma, Anand Merchant, Brett Adair, Ruchika Srinivasan, Thomas J. Rosol, Soledad Fernandez, Kun Huang, Gustavo Leone, Michael C. Ostrowski
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) are implicated in breast cancer metastasis, but relatively little is known about the underlying genes and pathways that are involved. The transcription factor Ets2 is a direct target of signaling pathways involved in regulating macrophage functions during inflammation. We conditionally deleted Ets in TAMs to determine its function at this level on mouse mammary tumor growth and metastasis. Ets2 deletion in TAMs decreased the frequency and size of lung metastases in three different mouse models of breast cancer metastasis. Expression profiling and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays in isolated TAMs established that Ets2 repressed a gene program that included several well-characterized inhibitors of angiogenesis. Consistent with these results, Ets2 ablation in TAMs led to decreased angiogenesis and decreased growth of tumors. An Ets2-TAM expression signature consisting of 133 genes was identified within human breast cancer expression data which could retrospectively predict overall survival of patients with breast cancer in two independent data sets. In summary, we identified Ets2 as a central driver of a transcriptional program in TAMs that acts to promote lung metastasis of breast tumors.
Functional Rescue of Elastin Insufficiency in Mice by the Human Elastin Gene
Authors: Eiichi Hirano, Russell H. Knutsen, Hideki Sugitani, Christopher H. Ciliberto, Robert P. Mecham
Journal: Circulation Research (2007)

Diseases linked to the elastin gene arise from loss-of-function mutations leading to protein insufficiency (supravalvular aortic stenosis) or from missense mutations that alter the properties of the elastin protein (dominant cutis laxa). Modeling these diseases in mice is problematic because of structural differences between the human and mouse genes. To address this problem, we developed a humanized elastin mouse with elastin production being controlled by the human elastin gene in a bacterial artificial chromosome. The temporal and spatial expression pattern of the human transgene mirrors the endogenous murine gene, and the human gene accurately recapitulates the alternative-splicing pattern found in humans. Human elastin protein interacts with mouse elastin to form functional elastic fibers and when expressed in the elastin haploinsufficient background reverses the hypertension and cardiovascular changes associated with that phenotype. Elastin from the human transgene also rescues the perinatal lethality associated with the null phenotype. The results of this study confirm that reestablishing normal elastin levels is a logical objective for treating diseases of elastin insufficiency such as supravalvular aortic stenosis. This study also illustrates how differences in gene structure and alternative splicing present unique problems for modeling human diseases in mice.
Childhood asthma and continuous exposure to cats since the first year of life with cats allowed in the child's bedroom
Authors: D. Oberle, E. von Mutius, R. von Kries
Journal: Allergy (2003)

There are controversial data as to interdependencies of exposure to furred pets in infancy and the prevalence of asthma and hay fever in children. Does the timing, intensity and type of pet exposure matter?Cross-sectional questionnaire data on 8216 German schoolchildren aged 5-7 years not living on a farm in ten rural districts in Bavaria in 1997 were analysed. The diagnosis of asthma and hay fever was ascertained with the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) core questions. Wheeze and asthma were classified as 'atopic' in children who also had hay fever or atopic dermatitis. Prevalence and intensity of exposure to pets in the first year of life and at present were assessed via questionnaire.Although the study was of considerable size we found no convincing association between atopic disease and pet exposure in general. Exposure to cats from the first year of life to school entry, however, was associated with a reduced prevalence of atopic asthma, if cats were allowed to be in the child's bedroom: no case of atopic asthma in 296 children exposed and an aOR 0.11 (95% CI:0.01-0.52) for atopic wheeze in the last 12 months.Allowing cats to be in the child's bedroom from the first year of life onwards may be an indicator of intensive exposure to cats and appears to prevent the development of childhood asthma.
Health professionals challenge US smallpox vaccination plan
Authors: R. Moynihan
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Plans to start vaccinating half a million US healthcare workers against smallpox as early as this week are facing growing resistance, as some hospitals, unions, and professional bodies question the rushed nature of the implementation.

The US federal government, unlike authorities in the United Kingdom, has recommended the immunisation of millions of health and emergency workers against the threat of a potential bioterrorist attack, with phase 1 expected to start on 24 January. The plans have sparked ongoing public debate ( BMJ 2002;325: 794), largely because of the dangers associated with the smallpox vaccine, …
Women with early rheumatoid arthritis are referred later than men
Authors: O Palm
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2005)

To evaluate lag times between disease onset and rheumatological encounter in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA).All referred patients with early RA over a 1 year period were prospectively registered. The lag time between disease onset and the first encounter with a physician was recorded as the "patient's delay". The time between this encounter and the referral to our department was recorded as the "physician's delay". The lag time between referral and rheumatological encounter was recorded as the "hospital's delay".The median total lag time between onset of RA and rheumatological encounter was 16 weeks, with no difference between men and women. Women were referred significantly later than men ("physician's delay" median 10 weeks v 3 weeks). The "patient's delay" and the "hospital's delay" were a median of 4 weeks each.Women with early RA were referred later than men and the total lag time between disease onset and rheumatological encounter was quite long for both sexes.
On various methods of reporting variance
Authors: Bruce A. Thyer
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1998)

Chow's defense of NHSTP is masterful. His dismissal of including effect sizes (ES) is misplaced, and his failure to discuss the additional practice of reporting proportions of variance explained (PVE) is an important omission. Reporting the results of inferential statistics will be greatly enhanced by including ES and PVE when results are first determined to be statistically significant.
An in vivo comparison of a catheter mounted pressure transducer system with conventional balloon catheters
Authors: I.M. Stell, S. Tompkins, A.t Lovell, J.c Goldstone, J Moxham
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1999)

In the assessment of respiratory muscle function balloon catheters have been widely used for pressure measurements. However, this type of investigation is poorly tolerated by acutely ill patients. This study assessed the performance of a possible alternative, a catheter-mounted miniature pressure transducer (CMT). The assessment consisted of a laboratory study of the linearity, frequency response, and stability of gain and baseline of the CMT system, and an in vivo study directly comparing the CMT and balloon catheter systems in seven normal subjects for a range of respiratory manoeuvres. These were: 1) maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures against a closed airway, 2) twitch transdiaphragmatic pressure elicited by cervical magnetic phrenic nerve stimulation, and 3) tidal breathing, sniffs and coughs in five body positions. The agreement of the two systems was analysed for measurements of 1) absolute pressures, 2) magnitude of changes in pressure, and 3) rate of change of pressure (maximum relaxation rate after sniff manoeuvres). The CMT system was linear, with a high frequency response and stable gain, but showed baseline drift. The two systems agreed well for measurements of change and rate of change of pressure, but less well for measurements of absolute pressure. The CMT system tested is potentially useful for studies of acute changes in respiratory pressures, or studies of respiratory muscle strength, but would be less useful where accurate measurements of absolute pressures are required.
Atrial and brain natriuretic peptides stimulate the production and secretion of C-type natriuretic peptide from bovine aortic endothelial cells.
Authors: B Nazario, R M Hu, A Pedram, B Prins, E R Levin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is a member of the natriuretic peptide family which is produced in vascular endothelial cells and may play an important paracrine role in the vasaculature. We sought to determine the regulation of CNP production by other vasoactive peptides from cultured aortic endothelial cells. The vasoconstrictors endothelin-1 and angiotensin II had little effect on the basal secretion of CNP. In contrast, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) strongly stimulated the secretion of CNP. BNP caused as much as a 400-fold enhancement above the basal accumulated secretion of CNP over 24 h at a concentration of 1 microM; this was 20 times greater than the stimulatory effect of ANP, BNP and ANP also significantly enhanced the production of new CNP protein (translation) and mRNA expressed in the BAEC. In contrast, C-ANP-4-23, a truncated form of ANP which selectively binds to the natriuretic peptide clearance receptor, did not stimulate CNP secretion. The enhanced production and secretion of CNP, caused by either ANP or BNP, was significantly prevented by LY 83583, an inhibitor of cGMP generation, and was also attenuated by KT 5823, an inhibitor of cGMP-dependent protein kinase. Our results indicate that ANP and BNP can stimulate CNP production through a guanylate cyclase receptor on endothelial cells. BNP is a much more potent stimulator of CNP secretion, compared to ANP. Our findings suggest that the vasodilatory, and anti-mitogenic effects of ANP and BNP in the vasculature could occur in part through CNP production and subsequent action if these interactions occur in vivo.
Pneumobilia Associated With Small-Bowel Obstruction
Authors: J. Luis Bautista
Journal: JAMA (1988)

We present a patient who was admitted complaining of nausea, vomiting, and abdominal distention. A roentgenogram of the abdomen revealed a dilated stomach and pneumobilia. At surgery, he was found to have proximal small-bowel obstruction. To our knowledge, this is the first case of pneumobilia associated with proximal small-bowel obstruction not associated with a gallstone.
Integrating the quality of the cytotoxic response and tumor susceptibility into the design of protective vaccines in tumor immunotherapy
Authors: Salem Chouaib
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

Nonstandard abbreviations used: sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR); nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT); protein kinase A (PKA); ryanodine receptor (RyR2); Ca 2+ /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII); cardiac isoform of CaMKII
Evidence for Prothrombotic Effects of Exercise and Limited Protection by Aspirin
Authors: Nailin Li, N. Håkan Wallén, Paul Hjemdahl
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Exercise may activate platelets and leukocytes and promote thrombosis. The effects of aspirin treatment on the prothrombotic effects of exercise have not been established.A total of 15 healthy men performed exhaustive exercise without and with 1 week of pretreatment with aspirin (500 mg/day). Before and immediately after exercise, platelet aggregability ex vivo was measured by filtragometry, and venous blood samples were obtained. Whole-blood flow cytometry was used to determine platelet and leukocyte activation and platelet-leukocyte aggregates. Exercise increased platelet P-selectin expression, CD11b expression in neutrophils and lymphocytes, and platelet and leukocyte responses to thrombin, ADP, platelet activating factor, and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) in vitro. Consistent with enhanced platelet and leukocyte activation, more circulating platelet-platelet and platelet-leukocyte aggregates were detected after exercise (P<0.001 for both). Filtragometry readings were shortened, and plasma soluble P-selectin and prothrombin fragment 1+2 were elevated. Aspirin markedly reduced the urinary excretion of 11-dehydrothromboxane B(2), decreased P-selectin expression in single platelets at rest (P<0.05), and inhibited fMLP-induced neutrophil CD11b expression, but it did not attenuate exercise-induced increases in platelet aggregability, platelet P-selectin expression, leukocyte CD11b expression, platelet-leukocyte aggregate formation, soluble P-selectin, or prothrombin fragment 1+2.Exercise induced platelet and leukocyte activation and platelet-leukocyte aggregation in vivo, and it increased platelet and leukocyte responsiveness to in vitro stimulation. Aspirin treatment attenuated certain signs of platelet activity in vivo at rest and fMLP-induced neutrophil activation in vitro, but it did not attenuate the prothrombotic effects of exercise.
Food Allergy: Recent Advances in Pathophysiology and Treatment
Authors: Scott H. Sicherer, Hugh A. Sampson
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (2008)

Food allergies, defined as an adverse immune response to food proteins, affect as many as 6% of young children and 3%–4% of adults in westernized countries, and their prevalence appears to be rising. In addition to well-recognized acute allergic reactions and anaphylaxis triggered by IgE antibody–mediated immune responses to food proteins, there is an increasing recognition of cell-mediated disorders such as eosinophilic gastroenteropathies and food protein–induced enterocolitis syndrome. We are gaining an increasing understanding of the pathophysiology of food allergic disorders and are beginning to comprehend how these result from a failure to establish or maintain normal oral tolerance. Many food allergens have been characterized at a molecular level, and this knowledge, combined with an increasing appreciation of the nature of humoral and cellular immune responses resulting in allergy or tolerance, is leading to novel therapeutic approaches. Currently, management of food allergies consists of educating the patient to avoid ingesting the responsible allergen and initiating therapy if ingestion occurs. However, numerous strategies for definitive treatment are being studied, including sublingual/oral immunotherapy, injection of anti-IgE antibodies, cytokine/anticytokine therapies, Chinese herbal therapies, and novel immunotherapies utilizing engineered proteins and strategic immunomodulators.
Cardiovascular anomaly, impaired actin bundling and resistance to Src-induced transformation in mice lacking p130Cas
Authors: Hiroaki Honda, Hideaki Oda, Tetsuya Nakamoto, Zen-ichiro Honda, Ryuichi Sakai, Takahiro Suzuki, Toshiki Saito, Kenji Nakamura, Kazuki Nakao, Takatoshi Ishikawa, Motoya Katsuki, Yoshio Yazaki, Hisamaru Hirai
Journal: Nature Genetics (1998)
Mode of Action of Immunosuppressive Substances in Sera of Tumor-Bearing Mice2
Authors: R. B. Whitney, J. G. Levy
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

Journal Article Mode of Action of Immunosuppressive Substances in Sera of Tumor-Bearing Mice Get access R. B. Whitney, R. B. Whitney Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. G. Levy J. G. Levy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 55, Issue 6, December 1975, Pages 1447–1452, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/55.6.1447 Published: 01 December 1975 Article history Received: 20 May 1975 Accepted: 07 August 1975 Published: 01 December 1975
THE FILTRABILITY OF YELLOW FEVER VIRUS AS EXISTING IN THE MOSQUITO
Authors: W. A. Sawyer, Martin Frobisher
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1929)

The virus of yellow fever as it exists in Aëdes aegypti mosquitoes, both in their so-called infective stage and in the intermediate condition termed the "incubation period", is capable of passing through Berkefeld N filters when suspended in normal monkey serum, although earlier investigators have shown that the virus from infective mosquitoes will not do so when suspended in physiological salt solution. The virus of yellow fever as it exists in mosquitoes behaves with regard to filtration through Berkefeld N filters as does the virus in the blood of infective monkeys.
Development of systemic sclerosis in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus and topoisomerase I antibody
Authors: S. Katsumi, N. Kobayashi, Y. Yamamoto, S. Miyagawa, T. Shirai
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Journal Article Development of systemic sclerosis in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus and topoisomerase I antibody Get access S. Katsumi, S. Katsumi Department of Dermatology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo‐cho, Kashihara, Nara 634‐8522, Japan Dr S.Katsumi. E‐mail: katsumis@naramed‐u.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N. Kobayashi, N. Kobayashi Department of Dermatology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo‐cho, Kashihara, Nara 634‐8522, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Y. Yamamoto, Y. Yamamoto Department of Dermatology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo‐cho, Kashihara, Nara 634‐8522, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Miyagawa, S. Miyagawa Department of Dermatology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo‐cho, Kashihara, Nara 634‐8522, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Shirai T. Shirai Department of Dermatology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo‐cho, Kashihara, Nara 634‐8522, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 142, Issue 5, 1 May 2000, Pages 1030–1033, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03492.x Published: 01 May 2000