tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinical outcome of patients (pts) with taxane-resistant (TR) hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) treated with second-line cyclophosphamide (CP) -based metronomic chemotherapy
Authors: T. Nelius, T. Klatte, W. de Riese, S. Filleur
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

15647 Background: For pts with TR HRPC no standard chemotherapeutic treatment exist. In this study we evaluate the efficacy of CP-based metronomic chemotherapy in this pt population. Methods: Pts with metastatic HRPC with disease progression under docetaxel-based chemotherapy were eligible. The primary endpoint was PSA response. Secondary endpoints were time to progression (TTP), survival and toxicity. Low dose CP (50 mg/d) and dexamethasone (1 mg/d) were administered orally in a metronomic manner. Treatment was continued until disease progression. Results: Between February 2005 and May 2006 17 pts were enrolled in this study. The median follow-up was 12 weeks (range: 4–60). Median Age was 68 years (range: 42–85). Median PSA at study entry was 134 ng/ml (range: 46.0–6554). 9 pts had a PSA response (medium 44.4%), 4 pts = 50% and 5 pts &lt; 50%. 8 pts had a PSA progression. The medium time to maximal response was 12 weeks (range: 4–36). TTP/survival for pts with PSA response and PSA progression was 24/60 weeks and 4/4 weeks, respectively. 3 pts of the progression group showed a decrease in PSA doubling time. 5 pts reported a decrease in bone pain after 4 weeks treatment. No grade 3 and 4 toxicities were noted. Conclusions: In this study, low-dose metronomic administered CP demonstrated efficacy as second line treatment in pts with TR HRPC. The treatment was well tolerated and almost without toxicity. The mechanism of action of low dose CP involves inhibition of tumor angiogenesis secondary to inhibition of dividing endothelial cells in tumor associated blood vessels. Dexamethasone may also have antiangiogenic properties by inhibiting the production of vascular endothelial growth factor. Further investigation regarding an antiangiogenic treatment strategy for HRPC are therefore of great interest. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
CNS atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor registry: An update
Authors: T. M. Tekautz, C. Weng, R. S. Peterson, S. Worley, J. M. Hilden
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

12507 Background: Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) is a highly malignant tumor of the central nervous system (CNS) in childhood, comprising up to 20% of malignant CNS tumors in patients &lt; 3 years old. Although aggressive approaches including surgery, chemotherapy, intrathecal chemotherapy, high dose chemotherapy with hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HD-HSCT) and/or radiation have resulted in prolonged survival, overall survival remains poor. Methods: We reviewed pediatric patients with AT/RT on an IRB- approved registry formed in 1995 with new insight based on updated outcomes and additional patient enrollment. Upon patient entry, the managing physician submitted pertinent medical records for data abstraction. Physicians were contacted in accordance with privacy regulations for updated records. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate survival time (from diagnosis to death or most recent status update) and groups were compared using the log-rank test at a significance level of p&lt;0.05 with SAS® software version 9.1. Results: Analysis was conducted on 73 patients with a 4:3 male to female ratio. Age at diagnosis ranged from 5 days to 234 months, median = 19 months. Twenty-five patients have no evidence of disease, median 59 months from diagnosis (range 10–140). Forty-three patients (59%) developed recurrent or progressive disease; 6 of these patients are alive at a median of 28 months from recurrence (range 4–38). Forty-four patients (60%) are dead of disease; median time to death was 7 months from diagnosis (range 0–62). Factors correlating with survival are: primary tumor site not in spinal cord (p=0.029), lack of metastatic disease (p=0.024), gross total resection (p&lt;0.001), and upfront radiation particularly in children &lt; 3 years old (p&lt;0.001). HD-HSCT appears to result in improved survival in children &lt; 3 years of age who do not receive radiation, though the small sample size does not yield a statistically significant survival advantage. Conclusions: In treatment of AT/RT, extent of surgical resection and upfront radiation are beneficial for overall survival, particularly in young children. Early information regarding upfront HD-HSCT in lieu of radiation for children &lt; 3 years of age with AT/RT suggests it may be effective. Prospective studies are warranted to further investigate this treatment. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
caBIG: Proof of concept platform for personalized cancer care
Authors: K. Buetow
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e20712 Background: Numerous factors including enhanced understanding of the molecular basis of disease and the availability of sophisticated information technology are catalyzing a “rapid learning healthcare system,” where knowledge obtained from clinical outcomes can drive research discoveries that can be can be brought rapidly to the bedside. Benefits from such an iterative process may include earlier detection, more efficient drug discovery and development, and individualized patient care leading to better clinical outcomes. Methods: The National Cancer Institute (NCI) identified the need for an informatics initiative in recognition of the growing clinical and economic burden of cancer; the transformation of research catalyzed by multiple genomics technologies that were generating massive amounts of data; and recognition that the “essential unity” of research and clinical care had powerful potential to improve the outcomes of all cancers, as it had done in the field of pediatric oncology. In response, NCI pioneered caBIG (cancer Biomedical Informatics Grid), a network of interconnected data, individuals, and organizations, designed to share data and knowledge, simplify collaboration, and speed research. Results: caBIG is being deployed and used in numerous research and clinical facilities, including almost 60 NCI-designated cancer centers and the NCI's National Community Cancer Center Program (NCCCP). This widespread implementation provides the framework for collaborative research projects and data sharing that will accelerate basic and clinical research and improve clinical care. Programs enabled by caBIG technologies are included in the table . Conclusions: The benefits of an interconnected cancer community will multiply as the collective knowledge and expertise of its members is harnessed and their findings are shared. Researchers and clinicians must be fully aware of opportunities to connect data, individuals and institutions to achieve their goals. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Treatment of colorectal cancer in elder patients
Authors: A. Piga, M. Miscoria, G. Aprile, M. Cozzi, E. Iaiza, F. De Pauli, E. Zanon, G. Fasola, C. Sacco
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

19595 Background: Tumor-related mortality is higher in elder patients worldwide. This may be due to comorbidities associated with age but also, at least in part, to a cautious approach by the attending physician(s) which might result in inadequate or even denied treatment. This approach is purportedly justified by scarcity of literature reports on effectiveness, tolerance and side effects of chemotherapy and other treatments on this category of patients. Methods: We have reviewed clinical records of patients of 70 years of age or older with colorectal cancer who came to our first observation between January 2004 and April 2006. We have correlated the appropriateness of therapeutic decisions, based on adherence to clinical standards, to the clinical characteristics of the patients and in particular to number and degree of coexisting morbidities. Chi square test was used for analysing the association between variables. Results: We have reviewed the records of 193 patients with colorectal cancer, to a total of 215 events, including 22 relapses in the same patients, in which a new therapeutic decision was involved. Adjuvant treatment was omitted in 40% of patients with stage III colon cancer, and 38% of patients with stage III rectal cancer. Chemotherapy was also omitted in 34% of patients with stage IV colon cancer and 35% of patients with stage IV rectal cancer. Even when patients received treatment, preference was given to drugs and regimens of low toxicity. Therapeutic decisions appeared in most cases based on age rather than number and severity of comorbidities. On the other hand, once the decision to treat was taken, the treatment was given as programmed, although 21% of patients received drug doses lower than 75% of projected dose; reasons for abandoning the treatment were progression and toxicity in stage IV, and more often patient's refusal in stage III. Conclusions: In a disease where standards of treatment are well defined, elder patients often receive inadequate treatment or no therapy at all. Although the justification for inadequate treatment is or should be poor clinical conditions of patients, this is not apparent from review of clinical records. Efforts should be made to have in elder patients standardised evaluation of physical status and comorbidities on a regular basis. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Systematic review of toxicities of lineage-specific hematopoietic growth factors toxicities: Implications for biosimilar erythropoietins, thromopoietic receptor agonists, and continuous erythropoietin receptor agonists
Authors: A. Polish, A. T. Samaras, J. M. McKoy, D. P. West, S. M. Trifilio, J. Tallman, M. S. Talman, C. L. Bennett
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e20733 Background: Erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESAs) and the granulocyte and granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factors (G-CSF/GM-CSF) have been widely used for the past two decades. Recently, thrombopoietin receptor agonists, romiplostim and eltrombopag, biosimilar erythropoietins, and a continuous erythropoietin receptor agonist were licensed. Although lineage specific hematopoietic growth factors play important roles in the treatment of cancer and chronic kidney disease, recent basic and clinical research studies have identified toxicities. Herein, we compared toxicities of ESAs, thrombopoietins and G-CSF/CSFs and the implications of these findings. Methods: Meta-analyses, reviews, clinical guidelines, and FDA transcripts for G-CSF, GM-CSF, and ESAs were reviewed. For MGDF, romiplostim, and eltrombopag, clinical trial reports, reviews, and FDA transcripts were reviewed. The study period was 2000 to 2008. Results: See Table . Conclusions: Commonalities in toxicities exist across lineage specific hematopoietic growth factors. Delayed recognition of adverse effects with ESAs and G-CSF highlights the importance of anticipating toxicities with biosimilars and thrombopoietin receptor agonists. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
The effect of AMG 706, a novel multi-kinase inhibitor, on vascular permeability and blood flow as assessed by dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in an in vivo preclinical tumor model
Authors: E. Jackson, E. Esparza-Coss, J. A. Bankson, A. Coxon, V. Patel, T. Polverino, R. Radinsky, C. Starnes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

3134 Background: AMG 706 is a potent, oral, multi-kinase inhibitor with anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor activity achieved by selectively targeting all known VEGF, PDGF, Kit and Ret receptors. In previous experiments, AMG 706 treatment resulted in regression of large, established A431 epidermoid carcinoma tumors within seven days of the initiation of treatment. The present experiments were carried out to relate the therapeutic effect to changes in vascular permeability and blood flow, with the intent of identifying a pharmacodynamic marker for use in clinical trials. Methods: After an initial dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) baseline scan, mice bearing A431 xenografts (300 mm3) were dosed with either vehicle or AMG 706 at dose levels ranging between 10 and 75 mg/kg. DCE-MRI was repeated after 24, 48 or 96 hrs of treatment. All MRI studies were performed at 4.7 Tesla (Bruker Biospin, Billerica, MA). During the DCE-MRI scans, 0.2 mmol/kg gadopentetate dimeglumine was injected intravenously via a tail vein catheter. Results: DCE-MRI analysis identified a statistically significant (p = 0.0235) decrease in contrast agent uptake (AUC relative to baseline), occurring in a dose dependent fashion in the interior region of the tumor after only 24 hrs of treatment with AMG 706. The effect seen at 24 hrs is consistent with the previous observation that tumor endothelial cell apoptosis occurs within 12 hrs of initiation of treatment, and indicates a statistically significant treatment related reduction in tumor blood flow and vascular permeability in the A431 tumor model. Conclusions: Oral administration of AMG 706 produced a statistically significant reduction in vascular blood flow and/or permeability in the A431 human tumor xenograft model as early as 24 hrs of treatment. These results are consistent with previous observations indicating the destruction of tumor blood vessels as the mechanism of action of AMG 706, and support the use of DCE-MRI to obtain pharmacodynamic information in clinical trials of AMG 706. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Amgen Amgen Amgen
ACUTE METHYL ALCOHOL POISONING
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
One-step synthesis of high-density peptide-conjugated gold nanoparticles with antimicrobial efficacy in a systemic infection model
Authors: Akhilesh Rai, Sandra Pinto, Tiago R. Velho, André F. Ferreira, Catarina Moita, Urvish Trivedi, Marta Evangelista, Michela Comune, Kendra P. Rumbaugh, Pedro N. Simões, Luís Moita, Lino Ferreira
Journal: Biomaterials (2016)
Feasibility of surgical treatment for patients with gastric cancer older than 80 years in Japan
Authors: H. Kato, H. Imamura, H. Furukawa, K. Kishi, M. Tatsuta, O. Ishikawa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

4230 Background The recent life expectancy is over 80 years in Japan. Aged patients with gastric cancer is increasing. It is necessary to have a standard treatment method for aged patients. Patients and Methods A total of 37 patients aged 80 year-old or over with gastric cancer underwent surgical operation between 1971 and 1995. Seventeen patients had early gastric cancer (46%). A subtotal and total gastrectomy were performed in 23 patients (62%) and 14 patients (38%). A D2 lymph node dissection was carried out in all patients. A preoperative detection showed respiratory, cardiovascular, or cerebral disorder in 14 patients (38%). The incidence of postoperative complications and survival rate were evaluated in these aged patients. Results Postoperative complications (anastomosis failure, surgical site infection, liver dysfunction, ileus, or pneumonia) were observed in five patients (14%). No patients died of surgical operation. The five-year survival rate was 71.7% in 32 patients with curative operation. Conclusion A gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection was feasible in aged patients with gastric cancer. And they had a favorable survival rate when they underwent a curative operation. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
An overview of breast medical oncology documentation through the Florida Initiative on Quality Cancer Care (FIQCC): The Phase II 2009 results.
Authors: Jhanelle Elaine Gray, Christine Laronga, Erin Siegel, Ji-Hyun Lee, William J. Fulp, Michelle Fletcher, Paul B. Jacobsen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

73 Background: Following feedback provided to each site of their 2006 compliance results and enactment of improvement plans, the FIQCC re-evaluated the quality of documentation of specific quality indicators for breast cancer in the medical records of 11 participating FIQCC sites in 2009. Quality indicators were based upon ASCO, ACOS, NCCN, and expert-consensus panel recommendations. The findings were compared with 2006 results. Methods: Chart reviews from the same 2006 FIQCC sites for pre-specified Breast Medical Oncology quality indicators were performed by trained abstractors on patients first seen in 2009. The indicators included: clinical trial decisions, consent for treatment, definitive surgery after neo-adjuvant chemotherapy, published regimen dose plan, and chemotherapy selected from a published list. Statistical comparisons of 2006 and 2009 data were performed using the Pearson chi-square exact test based on Monte Carlo estimation. Results: 636 pts (99% female) [average age of 60.7 years (range 24-94)] were evaluated, with the 2009 number of cases per site ranging from 59 to 97. Significant improvements in treatment planning and administration were seen over time when comparing 2006 (n=602) to 2009 charts. This included signed chemotherapy consent (2006: 74%; 2009: 81% p=0.047), definitive surgery after neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (2006: 88%; 2009:100% p=0.017), and the planned dose being from a published list (2006: 74%;200: 84% p=0.020). Strides were also made in documenting that patients were evaluated for clinical trial enrollment (2006:13%; 2009: 21% p=0.001). Declines were seen in chemotherapy selections from an approved list (2006:94%; 2009: 82% p&lt;0.001). Further investigations into this finding are underway and will be presented at the meeting. Conclusions: With the adoption of specific quality indicators, evaluation of a specified number of cases across multiple practices, and then providing feedback on documentation to providers and medical teams, here we demonstrate that significant improvements in medical charting and thus quality cancer care can be made.
Docetaxel and fluid retention: Use of single-dose dexamethasone
Authors: M. E. Montoya, A. B. Markowitz, F. Klementich, D. Palacio
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

19635 Background: Docetaxel (T) is generally well tolerated but fluid retention has been reported following therapy. This can be prevented with dexamethasone (D) but dexamethasone has its own side effects. Methods: Retrospective IRB-approved review of adult patients (pts) treated with T between March 2003 and February 2006 receiving single dose D prior to T. End point was development of fluid retention: edema, weight gain and/or pleural effusion (measured by Common Toxicity Criteria). Pts with congestive hearth failure, renal failure, chronic edema or on diuretics were excluded. Prostate cancer was excluded because chemotherapy included daily prednisone Results: 94 charts were reviewed; 64 pts included. Total T dose ranged from 80 to 1,350 mg/m 2 and pretreatment D dose from 8 to 20 mg. See table 1 for demographics and reason for patient exclusion. Edema developed in 7 pts (10.9 %); arms and legs were affected equally. Only 2 pts with edema had weight gain (less than grade III). Including these 2 pts weight gain developed in 5 pts: 3 grade I and 2 grade II (3.1 %). New pleural effusions occurred in 3 pts. All were asymptomatic and none required management. Effusions were small or moderate as confirmed by radiology review. 4 pts had pretreatment pleural effusions. These either became smaller or resolved after T. Conclusions: The incidence of moderate fluid retention (measured by weight gain) with single dose D was lower (3.1 %) compared with published data (6% with 3 days of D). Development of pleural effusions was infrequent and not clinically significant. Single dose D prior to T is recommended to avoid hypersensitivity reactions. No significant financial relationships to disclose. [Table: see text]
Remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema
Authors: Jacob Zatuchni
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article by McCarty et al<sup>1</sup>is of interest. My purpose here is to call attention to a commonly occurring condition, namely, carpal tunnel syndrome, that may produce similar findings of edema of the hands and feet—for which a regimen of nonsteroidal and other drugs may be of limited or no benefit. Although various diseases are mentioned for consideration in evaluating these findings, carpal tunnel syndrome is ignored. A recent patient of mine, an 85-year-old man, was thought to have early seronegative rheumatoid arthritis. Instead, it proved to be bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome and his symptoms were completely relieved by conventional local therapy. In the article by McCarty et al, case 4 is stated to have nocturnal dysesthesiae in the median nerve distribution of both hands, which suggests similar entrapment. Carpal tunnel syndrome may, of course, occur alone or in combination with other diseases, including rheumatoid
Abstract 17778: Estrogen-induced Rescue of Pre-existing Severe Pulmonary Hypertension is Associated with Restoration of Elevated Plasma Oxidized Lipids and Eicosanoids
Authors: Soban Umar, Kaveh Navab, Jennifer Hwang, Harnek Singh, Mohamad Navab, Mansoureh Eghbali
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a chronic debilitating lung disease associated with pulmonary vascular dysfunction. Oxidized-lipoproteins and eicosanoids have been shown to play a key ...
Abstract 1493: TAK-475, a Squalene Synthase Inhibitor, Improves Lipid Profile in Hyperlipidemic Subjects
Authors: Ed Piper, Graham Price, Yinzhong Chen
Journal: Circulation (2006)

TAK-475 decreases LDL-C by inhibiting squalene synthase; this contrasts with statins, which act on HMG-CoA reductase. Preliminary data showed that TAK-475 is safe and improves lipid profiles in ani...
Emergency psychiatry and the assaultive patient
Authors: A E Skodol, T B Karasu
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1978)

The authors studied 62 emergency room patients with violent ideation or action to assess the feasibility of predicting assaultive behavior. Although the likelihood of future violent acts could not be predicted accurately, they discovered that a significant majority of violent patients were potentially treatable within the setting of emergency psychiatry practice.