tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
193 Basophil precursors, peripheral blood basophils and nasal metachromatic cells (NMC) in patients with allergic rhinitis
Authors: J DENBURG, H OTSUKA, S TELIZYN, R RAJAN, D HITCH, P LAPP, D BEFUS, J BIENENSTOCK, J POLOVICH
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1985)
Suicide Attempters’ Reaction to Survival as a Risk Factor for Eventual Suicide
Authors: Gregg Henriques, Amy Wenzel, Gregory K. Brown, Aaron T. Beck
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2005)

OBJECTIVE: The authors' goal was to evaluate whether suicide attempters' reaction to surviving their attempt predicted eventual suicide. METHOD: Three hundred ninety-three suicide attempters were categorized on the basis of their reaction to having survived their attempt (i.e., glad to be alive, ambivalent, wished they were dead) and were followed for 5 to 10 years to determine whether they completed suicide. RESULTS: A survival analysis found that subjects who said that they wished they had died after a suicide attempt were 2.5 times more likely to commit suicide eventually than those who were glad they survived and those who were ambivalent about the attempt. CONCLUSIONS: Suicide attempters' reaction to surviving is an important clinical variable that is easily assessed in evaluations that occur following a suicide attempt.
Business sector shuns tobacco companies
Authors: Simon Chapman
Journal: BMJ (2005)

T he World Health Organization's current estimate of the global number of deaths caused by tobacco use each year is 4.9 million. That's nearly four deaths a second, and about half of these people die before their working life ends. The great majority of these preventable, often wretched and painful early deaths occur among cigarette smokers. And the great majority of these smokers are the best, most loyal customers of multinational tobacco companies such as British American Tobacco (BAT) and Philip Morris.

> All four companies said they had not known that BAT was the headline act…all four rapidly withdrew 

So imagine yourself as the chief executive of a company haemorrhaging customers in this way: BAT, with 15.4% of the global market share, loses 754 600 customers a year; Philip Morris, with 16.4%, contributes 803 600 dead customers. Acres of your embarrassing internal memos have caused you to give up decades of denial that your products cause all these deaths. You're not going to throw in the towel, so the only way forward is to use the device of informed consent—you sell risk. …
Prospective Randomized Study Comparing Docetaxel, Estramustine, and Prednisone With Docetaxel and Prednisone in Metastatic Hormone-Refractory Prostate Cancer
Authors: Jean-Pascal Machiels, Filomena Mazzeo, Marylene Clausse, Bertrand Filleul, Luc Marcelis, Brigitte Honhon, Lionel D’Hondt, Catherine Dopchie, Vincent Verschaeve, Lionel Duck, Didier Verhoeven, Peter Jousten, Marie-Alix Bonny, Anne-Marie Moxhon, Bertrand Tombal, Joseph Kerger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

To assess the efficacy and toxicity of the addition of estramustine to docetaxel (D) for the treatment of metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer.One hundred fifty patients were randomly assigned to D alone (35 mg/m(2) on days 2 and 9, every 3 weeks) or D in combination with estramustine (D/E; 280 mg orally three times a day on days 1 to 5 and 8 to 12, every 3 weeks). All patients received prednisone (10 mg/d). The primary end point was prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response rate, which was defined as a decrease in PSA > or = 50% from baseline. The study was powered to test the hypothesis that D/E would improve the PSA response rate by 25%.The PSA response rate was not statistically different between the two groups. PSA of less than 4 ng/mL occurred in 29 (41%) of 71 patients receiving D/E and in 17 (25%) of 69 patients receiving D (P = .05). No significant differences were found for median time to PSA progression (D/E, 6.9 months; D, 7.3 months) or median overall survival time (D/E, 19.3 months; D, 21 months). More patients had at least one grade 3 or 4 toxicity with D/E (45%) compared with D (21%; P = .005), mainly as a result of grade 3 or 4 GI toxicity (P = .05). Serious adverse events were more frequent with D/E (n = 20) than with D (n = 9; P = .04).The addition of estramustine to weekly D does not provide any clinically relevant advantage. Both regimens are well tolerated, although the toxicity profile favors D without estramustine.
Exacerbations in non-COPD patients: recognition?
Authors: Gavin C Donaldson
Journal: Thorax (2014)

COPD is a progressive lung disease that leads to significant impairment of quality of life and is the third leading cause of death worldwide.1 It is principally caused by tobacco smoking over many years through airway inflammation and oxidative stress to lung tissue. Patients exposed to smoke or occupational dusts are diagnosed with the disease when their post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio falls to <0.7.2 Disease severity is assessed differently by expressing the measured FEV1 as a percentage of the expected value for normal, healthy people of similar sex, age and height. The threshold value of <0.7 for the FEV1/FVC ratio is arbitrary and may not always identify people in the early stages of COPD with smoking-related lung damage.

COPD exacerbations (the flare-up of respiratory symptoms) are often triggered by viral or bacterial infection and cause patients sometimes to seek medical help. Attention has focused on those patients most susceptible to exacerbation as the disease appears to progress more rapidly in this group, and consequently, they …
Capillary Filtration in the Small Intestine of the Dog
Authors: PAUL C. JOHNSON, KENNETH M. HANSON
Journal: Circulation Research (1966)

The purpose of these studies was to determine the capillary filtration coefficient of the small intestine of anesthetized dogs by the gravimetric technique. Capillary filtration was produced by elevating venous pressure. Filtration rate increased as venous pressure was increased but the relation between the two was not proportional. At venous pressures greater than 10 mm Hg, filtration rate tended to reach a limit. As a consequence, the filtration coefficient decreased at higher pressures. Mean capillary pressure was estimated by the isogravimetric technique. When capillary pressure was 10 mm Hg, the filtration coefficient averaged 0.37 ml/min per 100 g and decreased to 0.11 when capillary pressure was elevated to 20 mm Hg. The reduction in filtration coefficient at high capillary pressures was apparently due to closure of precapillary sphincters.
High frequency of detection of human papillomaviruses associated with epidermodysplasia verruciformis in children with psoriasis
Authors: E. Mahe, C. Bodemer, V. Descamps, I. Mahe, B. Crickx, Y. De Prost, M. Favre
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Psoriasis is a T-cell-mediated immunological disease characterized by epidermal proliferation. The nature of the antigen(s) responsible for T-cell activation is still unknown. It has been suggested that the human papillomaviruses (HPVs) associated with epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV), including the oncogenic HPV5, may contribute to the pathogenesis of psoriasis.To determine whether EV-HPVs may play a role early in the disease, we searched for these viruses in children with psoriasis. The influence of clinical data on EV-HPV infection was investigated.We studied scrapings of involved skin from 26 children aged 1.5-13 years with psoriasis. As controls, we analysed scrapings from 28 adults with psoriasis and 15 children with atopic dermatitis, as well as scrapings from normal skin of 28 adults with no known history of HPV infection. We searched for EV-HPV DNA sequences with a nested polymerase chain reaction method using degenerate primers specific for EV-HPVs and primers specific for HPV5 and HPV36, two EV-HPVs frequently detected in adults with psoriasis.Similar high prevalences were observed in children and adults with psoriasis for EV-HPVs (38.5% vs. 35.7%), HPV5 (46.2% vs. 46.4%) and HPV36 (15.4% vs. 25.0%). As in adults, we found several EV-HPV genotypes and HPV5 and HPV36 variants. A novel HPV36 subtype, HPV36b, was identified. Lower prevalences were observed in children with atopic dermatitis and in adults from the general population (6.7-10.1%). No correlation was observed between frequency of detection of HPVs and clinical data. It is noteworthy that HPV5 was identified in an 18-month-old girl and in a boy with psoriasis developing for only 1 week.The early detection of several EV-HPV genotypes in children further supports the link between psoriasis and EV-HPVs and suggests a putative role for these viruses in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.
Father Kills Mother: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in the Children
Authors: Dora Black, Jean Harris-Hendriks, Tony Kaplan
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1992)

Results of a study of over 100 children whose father killed their mother have been summarized and principles for practice have been formulated. All children orphaned by the death of one parent at the other's hands should be seen as soon as possible in a child psychiatry department and assessed. An immediate crisis intervention will probably be needed if they witnessed the killing to prevent PTSD. Bereavement counselling will be helpful in most cases. The caretakers will need support and help with their own mourning. Placement, access and custody, compensation, seeing the body, attending the funeral and dealing with family conflict will all need consideration. Long-term follow-up and further research are recommended.
PTPN22 and invasive bacterial disease
Authors: Stephen J Chapman, Chiea C Khor, Fredrik O Vannberg, Nicholas A Maskell, Christopher WH Davies, Emma L Hedley, Shelley Segal, Catrin E Moore, Kyle Knox, Nicholas P Day, Stephen H Gillespie, Derrick W Crook, Robert JO Davies, Adrian VS Hill
Journal: Nature Genetics (2006)
Abstract 93: Antagonizing pathways leading to differential dynamics in colonic carcinogenesis in azoxymethane (AOM)-treated Sgo1 (Shugoshin1)-haploinsufficient chromosome instability (CIN) model mice
Authors: Chinthalapally V. Rao, Saira Sanghera, Yuting Zhang, Laura Biddick, Stan Lightfoot, Wei Dai, Hiroshi Y. Yamada
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract (a) Colon cancer is the second most lethal cancer and is predicted to claim 50,830 lives in 2013. Chromosome Instability (CIN) is observed in 80-90% of colon cancers and is thought to contribute to colon cancer progression and recurrence. For drug development, animal models that reflect cancer-specific etiology is necessary. However, animal models focusing on CIN have not been validated for colon cancer development and for drug testing. In this study, we set out to validate a mitotic error-induced CIN model mice, Shugoshin1 (Sgo1) haploinsufficient mice, as a colon cancer study model. (b) We treated control and Sgo1-/+ mice with colonic carcinogen Azoxymethane (AOM), and tracked colon cancer development over 12, 24 and 36 weeks after AOM treatments. The three endpoints provided information regarding the time course for colon cancer development. (c) Although we predicted an increase in colon tumors in Sgo1-/+ mice at a later (24 or 36 weeks) endpoint, precancerous lesions the Aberrant Crypt Foci (ACF) did not develop to larger tumors straightforwardly. Unexpectedly, the numbers of gross colon tumors showed no difference (P&amp;gt;0.05). Immunohistological analyses indicated IL6, Bcl2 and p16INK4A were differentially expressed in Sgo1-/+ mice. (d) We propose that formation of ACF in Sgo1-/+ mice are facilitated by IL6-STAT3-SOCS3 oncogenic pathway and Bcl2-anti-apoptotic pathway, yet further development of the ACF to tumors are inhibited by p16INK4A tumor suppressor pathway. Manipulating these pathways would be beneficial for inhibiting development of colon cancer with CIN. The CIN mice may be useful for investigating carcinogenesis in earlier stage and tumor regression in later stage. Citation Format: Chinthalapally V. Rao, Saira Sanghera, Yuting Zhang, Laura Biddick, Stan Lightfoot, Wei Dai, Hiroshi Y. Yamada. Antagonizing pathways leading to differential dynamics in colonic carcinogenesis in azoxymethane (AOM)-treated Sgo1 (Shugoshin1)-haploinsufficient chromosome instability (CIN) model mice. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 93. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-93
PSORIASIS AND OBESITY
Authors: Louis Forman
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1973)

Journal Article PSORIASIS AND OBESITY Get access Louis Forman Louis Forman 22 Harley House Marylebone Road London, N.W.i. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 89, Issue 1, 1 July 1973, Page 99, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1973.tb01929.x Published: 01 July 1973
ASSOCIATION OF ANTIDEPRESSANT MEDICATIONS WITH CAROTID INTIMA MEDIA THICKNESS IN MIDDLE AGED VETERAN TWINS
Authors: Amit J. Shah, Emir Veledar, Lucy Shallenberger, Nancy V. Murrah, Farhan Jawed, Douglas Bremner, Jack Goldberg, Viola Vaccarino
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Efficacy and tolerance of topical calcitriol 3 mug g-1 in psoriasis treatment: a review of our experience in Poland
Authors: A. Langner, W. Stapor, M. Ambroziak
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

Journal Article Efficacy and tolerance of topical calcitriol 3 μg g−1 in psoriasis treatment: a review of our experience in Poland Get access A. Langner, A. Langner Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02–008 Warsaw, Koszykowa 82a, Poland Prof. Dr. Med. A. Langner E‐mail: langners@friko1. onet.pl Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W. Stapór, W. Stapór Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02–008 Warsaw, Koszykowa 82a, Poland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Ambroziak M. Ambroziak Spa Dermatological Clinic, Iwonicz‐Zdrój, Poland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 144, Issue s58, 1 April 2001, Pages 11–16, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2001.144s58011.x Published: 01 April 2001
On Time Series Analysis of Public Health and Biomedical Data
Authors: Scott L. Zeger, Rafael Irizarry, Roger D. Peng
Journal: Annual Review of Public Health (2006)

This paper gives an overview of time series ideas and methods used in public health and biomedical research. A time series is a sequence of observations made over time. Examples in public health include daily ozone concentrations, weekly admissions to an emergency department, or annual expenditures on health care in the United States. Time series models are most commonly used in regression analysis to describe the dependence of the response at each time on predictor variables including covariates and possibly previous values in the series. For example, Bell et al. ( 2 ) use time series methods to regress daily mortality in U.S. cities on concentrations of particulate air pollution. Time series methods are necessary to make valid inferences from data by accounting for the correlation among repeated responses over time.
Parenchymal trafficking of pleural mesothelial cells in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: K.K. Mubarak, A. Montes-Worboys, D. Regev, N. Nasreen, K.A. Mohammed, I. Faruqi, E. Hensel, M.A. Baz, O.A. Akindipe, S. Fernandez-Bussy, S.D. Nathan, V.B. Antony
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterised by myofibroblast proliferation leading to architectural destruction. Neither the origin nor the continued proliferation of myofibroblasts is well understood. Explanted human IPF lungs were stained by immunohistochemistry for calretinin, a marker of pleural mesothelial cells (PMCs). Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cystic fibrosis (CF) lungs acted as controls. The number of PMCs per 100 nucleated cells and per photomicrograph was estimated along with the Ashcroft score of fibrosis. Mouse PMCs expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) or labelled with nanoparticles were injected into the pleural space of mice given intranasal transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1. Mouse lungs were lavaged and examined for the presence of GFP, smooth muscle α-actin (α-SMA) and calretinin. Calretinin-positive PMCs were found throughout IPF lungs, but not in COPD or CF lungs. The number of PMCs correlated with the Ashcroft score. In mice, nanoparticle-laden PMCs were recoverable by bronchoalveolar lavage, depending on the TGF-β1 dose. Fluorescent staining showed α-SMA expression in GFP-expressing PMCs, with co-localisation of GFP and α-SMA. PMCs can traffic through the lung and show myofibroblast phenotypic markers. PMCs are present in IPF lungs, and their number correlates with IPF severity. Since IPF presumably begins subpleurally, PMCs could play a pathogenetic role via mesothelial–mesenchymal transition.
Provider Visits and Early Vascular Access Placement in Maintenance Hemodialysis
Authors: Kevin F. Erickson, Matthew Mell, Wolfgang C. Winkelmayer, Glenn M. Chertow, Jay Bhattacharya
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2014)

Medicare reimbursement policy encourages frequent provider visits for patients with ESRD undergoing hemodialysis. We hypothesize that patients seen more frequently by their nephrologist or advanced practitioner within the first 90 days of hemodialysis are more likely to undergo surgery to create an arteriovenous (AV) fistula or place an AV graft. We selected 35,959 patients aged ≥67 years starting hemodialysis in the United States from a national registry. We used multivariable regression to evaluate the associations between mean visit frequency and AV fistula creation or graft placement in the first 90 days of hemodialysis. We conducted an instrumental variable analysis to test the sensitivity of our findings to potential bias from unobserved characteristics. One additional visit per month in the first 90 days of hemodialysis was associated with a 21% increase in the odds of AV fistula creation or graft placement during that period (95% confidence interval, 19% to 24%), corresponding to an average 4.5% increase in absolute probability. An instrumental variable analysis demonstrated similar findings. Excluding visits in months when patients were hospitalized, one additional visit per month was associated with a 10% increase in odds of vascular access surgery (95% confidence interval, 8% to 13%). In conclusion, patients seen more frequently by care providers in the first 90 days of hemodialysis undergo earlier AV fistula creation or graft placement. Payment policies that encourage more frequent visits to patients at key clinical time points may yield more favorable health outcomes than policies that operate irrespective of patients' health status.
Functional characteristics of sinoatrial and subsidiary pacemaker activity in the canine right atrium.
Authors: G J Rozanski, S L Lipsius, W C Randall
Journal: Circulation (1983)

A canine in vitro right atrial preparation was developed to study the functional characteristics of subsidiary atrial pacemaker (SAP) activity and to compare them with those of sinoatrial node (SAN) activity. Extracellular bipolar electrodes were used to estimate the site of earliest activation and monitor spontaneous rate. Ligation of the SAN artery at the midportion of the sulcus terminalis suppressed SAN activity and usually (73.5%) elicited SAP activity in a well-defined region of the inferior atrium. SAP activity in this region required a "threshold" concentration of norepinephrine (10(-8) M) in the Tyrode's perfusate. In response to all concentrations of norepinephrine tested, SAN activity attained a greater maximum spontaneous rate than SAP activity. Cholinergic stimulation with acetylcholine or eserine elicited a greater negative chronotropic response from SAP than SAN activity. Overdrive pacing suppressed SAP activity to a significantly greater extent than SAN activity. We conclude that this in vitro preparation can be useful for studying the pharmacology and electrophysiology of subsidiary atrial pacemakers that emerge after suppression of SAN activity. In contrast to SAN activity, SAP activity requires norepinephrine and is more sensitive than SAN activity to acetylcholine and overdrive pacing. Consequently, after loss of SAN function, autonomic modulation of SAP activity may result in atrial dysrhythmias and prolonged periods of overdrive suppression.
Chronic beryllium disease: azathioprine as a possible alternative to corticosteroid treatment
Authors: H. Salvator, T. Gille, A. Herve, C. Bron, C. Lamberto, D. Valeyre
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Chronic beryllium disease: azathioprine as a possible alternative to corticosteroid treatmentTo the Editor: Chronic beryllium disease (CBD) is a chronic granulomatous disease that mainly affects the lungs.It occurs after beryllium exposure in genetically susceptible individuals with, most commonly, the HLA-DPb1 (Glu69) polymorphism [1].Beryllium particles are slowly washed out, causing delayed onsets of the disease and flare ups long after exposure to beryllium [2,3].
Appraisal of the 14C-glycocholate acid test with special reference to the measurement of faecal 14C excretion
Authors: J. H. B. Scarpello, G. E. Sladen
Journal: Gut (1977)

The (14)C-glycocholate test, including the measurement of marker corrected faecal (14)C, has been assessed in the following groups of subjects: normal controls (18), patients with diarrhoea not attributable to altered bile acid metabolism (21), patients with diverticula of the small intestine (12), patients with previous resection of ileum and often proximal colon (34), and established ileostomists (10). Patients with diverticular disease had increased breath (14)CO(2) excretion, but normal faecal excretion of (14)C, and this test was more frequently abnormal than the Schilling test. Ileostomists excreted increased amounts of faecal (14)C, even when the ileum was intact and apparently normal. The pattern after resection was complex. Breath (14)C output was normal if the ileal resection was less than 25 cm in length, although some of these patients had increased faecal (14)C excretion if, in addition, at least 15 cm of proximal colon had been resected or by-passed. Longer ileal resections were associated with increased breath and/or faecal (14)C excretion, depending in part on the length of colon resected or by-passed and the 24 hour faecal volume. Fewer than half these patients had both increased breath and faecal excretion of isotope and faecal (14)C alone was occasionally normal with an ileal resection of 50 cm of more. The (14)C-glycocholate test was more frequently abnormal than the Schilling test in this group. The use of faecal marker correction had only a minor impact on the results. These data suggest that, in patients with ileal resection, faecal (14)C, like faecal weight, is determined by the extent of colonic resection as well as by the amount of ileum resected.