tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Point-of-care quantification of blood-borne filarial parasites with a mobile phone microscope
Authors: Michael V. D’Ambrosio, Matthew Bakalar, Sasisekhar Bennuru, Clay Reber, Arunan Skandarajah, Lina Nilsson, Neil Switz, Joseph Kamgno, Sébastien Pion, Michel Boussinesq, Thomas B. Nutman, Daniel A. Fletcher
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2015)

Loa loa microfilariae load in blood can be automatically quantified at the point of care using a mobile phone video microscope.
Rhinovirus Detection in Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Children: Value of Host Transcriptome Analysis
Authors: Santtu Heinonen, Tuomas Jartti, Carla Garcia, Silvia Oliva, Cynthia Smitherman, Esperanza Anguiano, Wouter A. A. de Steenhuijsen Piters, Tytti Vuorinen, Olli Ruuskanen, Blerta Dimo, Nicolas M. Suarez, Virginia Pascual, Octavio Ramilo, Asuncion Mejias
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2015)

Rationale: Rhinoviruses (RVs) are a major cause of symptomatic respiratory tract infection in all age groups. However, RVs can frequently be detected in asymptomatic individuals.Objectives: To evaluate the ability of host transcriptional profiling to differentiate between symptomatic RV infection and incidental detection in children.Methods: Previously healthy children younger than 2 years old (n = 151) were enrolled at four study sites and classified into four clinical groups: RV− healthy control subjects (n = 37), RV+ asymptomatic subjects (n = 14), RV+ outpatients (n = 30), and RV+ inpatients (n = 70). Host responses were analyzed using whole-blood RNA transcriptional profiles.Measurements and Main Results: RV infection induced a robust transcriptional signature, which was validated in three independent cohorts and by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction with high prediction accuracy. The immune profile of symptomatic RV infection was characterized by overexpression of innate immunity and underexpression of adaptive immunity genes, whereas negligible changes were observed in asymptomatic RV+ subjects. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering identified two main clusters of subjects. The first included 93% of healthy control subjects and 100% of asymptomatic RV+ subjects, and the second comprised 98% of RV+ inpatients and 88% of RV+ outpatients. Genomic scores of healthy control subjects and asymptomatic RV+ children were similar and significantly lower than those of RV+ inpatients and outpatients (P < 0.0001).Conclusions: Symptomatic RV infection induced a robust and reproducible transcriptional signature, whereas identification of RV in asymptomatic children was not associated with significant systemic transcriptional immune responses. Transcriptional profiling represents a useful tool to discriminate between active infection and incidental virus detection.
Deceleration of Age-Related Aortic Stiffening in a Population With High Longevity Rates
Authors: Panagiota Pietri, Charalambos Vlachopoulos, Christina Chrysohoou, George Lazaros, Konstantina Masoura, Nikolaos Ioakeimidis, Dimitris Tousoulis, Christodoulos Stefanadis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
A novel mutation in ORAI1 presenting with combined immunodeficiency and residual T-cell function
Authors: Janet Chou, Yousef R Badran, Christina S K Yee, Wayne Bainter, Toshiro K Ohsumi, Suleiman Al-Hammadi, Sung-Yun Pai, Stefan Feske, Raif S Geha
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
AZD9150, a next-generation antisense oligonucleotide inhibitor of <i>STAT3</i> with early evidence of clinical activity in lymphoma and lung cancer
Authors: David Hong, Razelle Kurzrock, Youngsoo Kim, Richard Woessner, Anas Younes, John Nemunaitis, Nathan Fowler, Tianyuan Zhou, Joanna Schmidt, Minji Jo, Samantha J. Lee, Mason Yamashita, Steven G. Hughes, Luis Fayad, Sarina Piha-Paul, Murali V. P. Nadella, Morvarid Mohseni, Deborah Lawson, Corinne Reimer, David C. Blakey, Xiaokun Xiao, Jeff Hsu, Alexey Revenko, Brett P. Monia, A. Robert MacLeod
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2015)

Systemically administered antisense oligonucleotide AZD9150 inhibits STAT3 and shows anticancer activity in preclinical models and patients.
Percutaneous electrical cordotomy in relief of intractable pain.
Authors: S. Lipton
Journal: BMJ (1968)

Lung scans were performed in 50 patients with carcinoma of the bronchus.Unexpected abnormalities of perfusion were found in one-third of them.It is therefore suggested that lung scans should be routine in the preoperative assessment of these patients.We thank Mrs. Julie Phelps for technical assistance with the scans.
Prognostic factors and staging in multiple myeloma: a reappraisal.
Authors: R Bataille, B G Durie, J Grenier, J Sany
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1986)

To assess the important factors in the prognosis and staging of multiple myeloma (MM), we have correlated the presenting clinical features of 147 previously untreated patients with MM with the survival duration using multiple regression analyses. We have included the three major available myeloma-staging systems (MSS), ie, Durie-Salmon (DS), Medical Research Council (MRC), and Merlini-Waldenström-Jayakar (MWJ), plus two new variables related to disease activity: the serum beta 2-microglobulin level (S beta 2M) and the instantaneous rate of bone resorption. Our study confirms the validity of the three MSS in the prediction of survival duration, with a slight but significant advantage for the DS MSS. Among single variables, S beta 2M was the most powerful indicator of prognosis (P less than .0001), serum albumin level being the only variable adding to this significantly (P = .02). Of major interest, S beta 2M alone was a better indicator than MRC and MWJMSS. Finally, S beta 2M and the serum albumin level, variables not included in the three MSS, were better indicators than the classical DS MSS and could be combined simply to give a very powerful system of stratification.
How does a new breathlessness support service affect patients?
Authors: Marjolein Gysels, Charles C. Reilly, Caroline J. Jolley, Caty Pannell, Femke Spoorendonk, Helene Bellas, Preety Madan, John Moxham, Irene J. Higginson, Claudia Bausewein
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2015)

Breathlessness is a highly prevalent and distressing symptom in advanced disease but there is uncertainty about its treatment. Patients with breathlessness have complex needs, on average experience 13–14 other symptoms (such as pain, fatigue, sleep problems and depression) and frequently attend emergency hospital services [1]. As the best way of organising and delivering a service for the relief of breathlessness is not known, an interdisciplinary service was developed for patients with breathlessness in advanced disease and their carers: the Breathlessness Support Service (BSS) [2]. Here, we report the results of qualitative interviews of patients who received the BSS. New breathlessness support service helps patients with person-centred, individualised care, boosting confidence <http://ow.ly/RMIYo> We thank all the patients who participated in this research. We also thank everyone who referred patients to this study, especially the Palliative Care, Respiratory Medicine and Physiotherapy Depts at King's College Hospital, London, UK, and the Community Palliative Care teams across Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals, London. Thanks to Julie Fuller (Respiratory Medicine, King's College London) and Joanna Davies (Cicely Saunders Institute, King's College London) for providing administrative support during this project.
Effect of Intravascular Ultrasound–Guided vs Angiography-Guided Everolimus-Eluting Stent Implantation
Authors: Sung-Jin Hong, Byeong-Keuk Kim, Dong-Ho Shin, Chung-Mo Nam, Jung-Sun Kim, Young-Guk Ko, Donghoon Choi, Tae-Soo Kang, Woong-Chol Kang, Ae-Young Her, Yong Hoon Kim, Seung-Ho Hur, Bum-Kee Hong, Hyuckmoon Kwon, Yangsoo Jang, Myeong-Ki Hong
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Use of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) promotes better clinical outcomes for coronary intervention in complex coronary lesions. However, randomized data demonstrating the clinical usefulness of IVUS are limited for lesions treated with drug-eluting stents.To determine whether the long-term clinical outcomes with IVUS-guided drug-eluting stent implantation are superior to those with angiography-guided implantation in patients with long coronary lesions.The Impact of Intravascular Ultrasound Guidance on Outcomes of Xience Prime Stents in Long Lesions (IVUS-XPL) randomized, multicenter trial was conducted in 1400 patients with long coronary lesions (implanted stent ≥28 mm in length) between October 2010 and July 2014 at 20 centers in Korea.Patients were randomly assigned to receive IVUS-guided (n = 700) or angiography-guided (n = 700) everolimus-eluting stent implantation.Primary outcome measure was the composite of major adverse cardiac events, including cardiac death, target lesion-related myocardial infarction, or ischemia-driven target lesion revascularization at 1 year, analyzed by intention-to-treat.One-year follow-up was complete in 1323 patients (94.5%). Major adverse cardiac events at 1 year occurred in 19 patients (2.9%) undergoing IVUS-guided and in 39 patients (5.8%) undergoing angiography-guided stent implantation (absolute difference, -2.97% [95% CI, -5.14% to -0.79%]) (hazard ratio [HR], 0.48 [95% CI, 0.28 to 0.83], P = .007). The difference was driven by a lower risk of ischemia-driven target lesion revascularization in patients undergoing IVUS-guided (17 [2.5%]) compared with angiography-guided (33 [5.0%]) stent implantation (HR, 0.51 [95% CI, 0.28 to 0.91], P = .02). Cardiac death and target lesion-related myocardial infarction were not significantly different between the 2 groups. For cardiac death, there were 3 patients (0.4%) in the IVUS-guided group and 5 patients (0.7%) in the angiography-guided group (HR, 0.60 [95% CI, 0.14 to 2.52], P = .48). Target lesion-related myocardial infarction occurred in 1 patient (0.1%) in the angiography-guided stent implantation group (P = .32).Among patients requiring long coronary stent implantation, the use of IVUS-guided everolimus-eluting stent implantation, compared with angiography-guided stent implantation, resulted in a significantly lower rate of the composite of major adverse cardiac events at 1 year. These differences were primarily due to lower risk of target lesion revascularization.clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01308281.
Depression and Mood Disorder Among African American and White Women
Authors: Katherine M. Keyes, David M. Barnes, Lisa M. Bates
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Congenital Malformations
Authors: Harold Kalter, Josef Warkany
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

Major Environmental Causes (Cont.'d)Occupational HazardsAs the discussion in Part 1 indicated, there has been only limited success in identifying environmental chemicals that may be causing human congenital malformations. It has been reasoned that the chances of identifying such chemicals may be enhanced by studying groups of people who, because of their occupations, are at greater risk than the general population. Furthermore, because increasing numbers of women work outside the home, it would appear that such potential dangers have grown and that the opportunities for uncovering them have improved concomitantly.Discussed in Part 1 were nurses handling hexachlorophene and . . .
Results of OAK: A phase 1, open-label, multicentre study to compare two dosage forms of AZD5363 and to explore the effect of food on the pharmacokinetic (PK) exposure, safety, and tolerability of AZD5363 in patients with advanced solid malignancies.
Authors: Emma Jane Dean, Udai Banerji, Jan H. M. Schellens, Matthew Krebs, Begona Jimenez, Ruud van der Noll, Andrew Foxley, James W T Yates, Nigel Taylor, Steve Evans, Turner Guy, Ed Casson, Paul Rugman, Shaista Salim, Justin P O Lindemann, Peter Lawrence
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

2577 Background: AZD5363 is a potent pan-Akt inhibitor and acts on cancers by blocking a cell survival pathway. AZD5363, administered to patients in the fasted state, was originally formulated as a capsule (C). For patient convenience and ease of manufacture a tablet (T) formulation has been developed. In vitro work has indicated that T and C perform similarly; PK comparability needed to be verified to introduce T to the clinical programme. The effect of food on PK, safety and tolerability was unknown. Methods: Part A assessed whether PK of T was comparable to C when both were given as a 480 mg bd dose in a 4 days on / 3 days off schedule; patients received T (Week 1) followed by C (Week 2). Part B examined the effect of a standardised meal on PK of T; patients received T in the fasted state (Week 1) and 30 minutes after a meal (Week 2). PK was assessed on the last day of weekly dosing in each of the cross-overs. Results: Part A data are available in 13 evaluable patients. AUCss and Css,max observations for T and C were comparable with GLS mean ratios (90% CIs) of 0.9 (0.79 to 1.03) and 1.01 (0.88 to 1.16) respectively. CIs of the ratios lay within the 0.75 to 1.33 pre-specified limits. Median tss,max was shorter for T than C (1.03 vs 2.03 h respectively), consistent with the in vitro dissolution data. T and C safety data were comparable and consistent with the known safety profile for AZD5363. Part B data are available from 10 patients. PK profiles for T(fasted) versus T(fed) indicated a later tmax and lower exposure in the fed state. GLS mean ratios of Css,max and AUCsswere 0.86 (0.74 to 1.01) and 0.68 (0.57 to 0.81) respectively. No significant differences in safety profiles were noted between the fasted and fed states. Conclusions: PK, safety and tolerability of the tablet and capsule formulations of AZD5363 are comparable. Tablets are being introduced across the ongoing clinical trials. Food has been shown to reduce the rate and extent of absorption of AZD5363 without a discernible effect on safety and tolerability; the existing food restrictions in ongoing clinical trials will be maintained. Clinical trial information: NCT01895946.
Vaginal hysterectomy is a certain cure
Authors: K A Louden, D N Joyce
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDITOR,—S B Pinion and colleagues' study comparing endometrial resection and hysterectomy largely ignores the benefits of vaginal hysterectomy.1 The authors conclude that “hysteroscopic surgery can be recommended as an alternative to hysterectomy for dysfunctional uterine bleeding” despite the finding that 28 of 105 patients required a second operation and that the proportion of patients who were “less than very satisfied” in the hysteroscopic group (22%) was double that in the hysterectomy group (11%).

In a retrospective audit in our hospital (1989-92) …
Prevention of Hepatitis C by Screening and Treatment in U.S. Prisons
Authors: Tianhua He, Kan Li, Mark S. Roberts, Anne C. Spaulding, Turgay Ayer, John J. Grefenstette, Jagpreet Chhatwal
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in U.S. prisoners is high; however, HCV testing and treatment are rare. Infected inmates released back into society contribute to the spread of HCV in the general population. Routine hepatitis screening of inmates followed by new therapies may reduce ongoing HCV transmission.To evaluate the health and economic effect of HCV screening and treatment in prisons on the HCV epidemic in society.Agent-based microsimulation model of HCV transmission and progression of HCV disease.Published literature.Population in U.S. prisons and general community.30 years.Societal.Risk-based and universal opt-out hepatitis C screening in prisons, followed by treatment in a portion of patients.Prevention of HCV transmission and associated disease in prisons and society, costs, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER), and total prison budget.Implementing risk-based and opt-out screening could diagnose 41,900 to 122,700 new HCV cases in prisons in the next 30 years. Compared with no screening, these scenarios could prevent 5500 to 12,700 new HCV infections caused by released inmates, wherein about 90% of averted infections would have occurred outside of prisons. Screening could also prevent 4200 to 11,700 liver-related deaths. The ICERs of screening scenarios were $19,600 to $29,200 per QALY, and the respective first-year prison budget was $900 to $1150 million. Prisons would require an additional 12.4% of their current health care budget to implement such interventions.Results were sensitive to the time horizon, and ICERs otherwise remained less than $50,000 per QALY.Data on transmission network, reinfection rate, and opt-out HCV screening rate are lacking.Universal opt-out HCV screening in prisons is highly cost-effective and would reduce HCV transmission and HCV-associated diseases primarily in the outside community. Investing in U.S. prisons to manage hepatitis C is a strategic approach to address the current epidemic.National Institutes of Health.
Medical Diseases of the Kidney
Authors: D P Earle
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1957)

This review is based on the literature concerning medical diseases of the kidney published during the period 1954 through July, 1956. References to renal biopsy and acute renal failure are omitted since these subjects were reviewed in last year's Annual Review oj Medicine. Further, limitation of space permits reference to only a fraction of the papers published during the selected period on medical diseases of the kidney. For this reason the re­ viewer has been forced to omit a number of references to every disease dis­ cussed. Likewise, space does not permit systematic review of purely experi­ mental work in renal disease. Several books of interest to the student of renal diseases have been pub­ lished recently. The fifth edition of Fishberg's Hypertension and Nephritis (1) appeared in 1954. Many sections have been rewritten and brought up to date, especially those relating to renal function. This book continues to re­ flect the author's thoughtfulness and wealth of clinical experience. Homer Smith has written an excellent and concise monograph on renal physiology (2), while Elkington & Danowski have published a book on fluid and elec­ trolytes (3) which contains much useful information applicable to renal disorders. A symposium on diseases of the kidney (4), comprising 13 articles and mostly written in textbook style, appeared in 1955. Among papers of general interest is that of Mellors & Ortega (5), who applied Coons' technique for detecting specific proteins in histologic sec­ tions to the study of kidney disease. They found that gamma globulin was localized in the glomeruli in lipoid nephrosis, glomerulonephritis and renal amyloidosis, and in the small renal arteries in periarteritis nodosa. They believed that their observations lent support to the hypothesis of an antigen­ antibody etiology for these diseases. Marshall (6) studied the shallow scars seen on the surface of kidneys of patients of all ages. He found an incidence of 62 per cent in 448 autopsies, and believed that they were the result of mal­ development rather than of vascular or infectious origin. Further, a correla­ tion of these scars with hypertension was noted. Lange et al. (7, 8) found I hat complement was reduced in all of 40 patients with acute or subacute glo­ merulonephritis and in 27 of 29 patients with the nephrotic syndrome. The decrease was not caused by loss in the urine and was independent of changes in serum oncotic pressure. Further, fraction 4 was the limiting factor in acute
Abstract LB-297: Integrative analysis identifies driver lncRNAs in prostate cancer
Authors: Haiyang Guo, Musaddeque Ahmed, Junjie Hua, Yi Liang, Jens Langstein, Housheng Hansen He
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) and whole-genome resequencing studies identified thousands of germline risk variants and somatic mutations in cancer. However, efforts to interpret these data have mainly focused on protein coding genes, despite the fact that majority of these genetic alterations locate outside of coding gene exons. A recent curation of over seven thousand RNA-seq data characterized more than fifty-eight thousand expressed long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in human genome, twice as large as the number of protein coding genes. In this study, we integrated lncRNA gene expression, epigenetic and genetic alteration data to nominate potential driver lncRNAs in prostate cancer. We have identified eleven lncRNAs that are regulated by risk SNPs and somatic mutations through both cis and trans actions. The function of two of these lncRNAs in prostate cancer development and progression has been characterized. Our data suggests that lncRNAs may function as driving factors in prostate cancer development and progression. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Haiyang Guo, Musaddeque Ahmed, Junjie Hua, Yi Liang, Jens Langstein, Housheng Hansen He. Integrative analysis identifies driver lncRNAs in prostate cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-297. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-LB-297
Expression of a Family of Pou-Domain Protein Regulatory Genes During Development of the Central Nervous System
Authors: M N Treacy, M G Rosenfeld
Journal: Annual Review of Neuroscience (1992)

The brain's default mode network consists of discrete, bilateral and symmetrical cortical areas, in the medial and lateral parietal, medial prefrontal, and medial and lateral temporal cortices of the human, nonhuman primate, cat, and rodent brains. Its ...Read More