tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
S117 Survival In Patients With Malignant Pleural Effusions Who Developed Pleural Infection: A Retrospective Case Review From 6 Uk Centres
Authors: A. Bibby, G. Slade, A. Morley, J. Fallon, I. Psallidas, A. Clive, J. Pepperall, M. Slade, A. Stanton, N. Rahman, N. Maskell
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> The incidence of malignant pleural effusions (MPE) is increasing and overall prognosis remains poor. In-dwelling pleural catheters (IPCs) relieve symptoms, but increase the risk of pleural infection. We reviewed survival times of cases of pleural infection in patients with IPCs for MPE from 6 UK centres. <h3>Methods</h3> Baseline data were collected for all IPC insertions from 1/1/05 to 31/1/14. Survival times were analysed by underlying tumour. Results were compared with national data, and with data from a cohort of 789 patients with MPE (the LENT cohort). LENT scores were used to calculate individual predicted life expectancy, which was compared with actual survival. <h3>Results</h3> Of 672 IPCs inserted across 6 centres during the study period, 25 patients (3.6%) experienced pleural infection. 19/25 were male,median age 69 (range 35–79). 12/25 had mesothelioma, 8/25 lung cancer, 3/25 breast cancer, 1/25 lymphoma and 1/25 thyroid cancer. 18/25 had a performance status of 0–1, and 19/25 received oncological treatment. Survival with MPE and pleural infection compared favourably with the LENT cohort (see figure 1). Median survival with mesothelioma and pleural infection was 753 days (95% confidence interval 446–1089) compared with 339 days in the LENT cohort (95% CI 267–442) and less than 365 days in nationally reported data. Patients with lung cancer and pleural infection also outlived their LENT counterparts; median survival of 138 days (95% CI 62–479) versus 74 days (95% CI 60–90). Patients with breast cancer had similar survival times (167 vs 192 days). LENT scores were calculated where possible. 9/13 (69%) outlived their predicted life expectancy. 16/25 (64%) developed infection within 90 days of IPC insertion. There was no difference in survival times between patients with early and late infection (p = 0.6). <h3>Discussion</h3> In this series of patients with IPCs, pleural infection was associated with longer survival with mesothelioma and lung cancer, but not breast cancer. Most patients experienced early infection, suggesting this result isn’t simply a result of higher infection rates in patients who survive longer with an IPC <i>in situ</i>. We propose that pleural infection stimulates a local immune response, which acts against tumour. Further studies are planned to investigate this hypothesis further.
CANULACIÓN DEL COLÉDOCO SOBRE PRÓTESIS PANCREÁTICAS EN LA CPRE
Authors: J García-Cano, T Martínez, L Valiente, Y Jiménez, C De Gracia, R Martínez, M Viñuelas, C Gómez, JI Pérez, J Morillas, Á Pérez
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Introducción: La mayoría de las CPRE tienen como objetivo resolver obstrucciones biliares. La canulación profunda del colédoco de forma rápida sin traumatizar la Papila de Vater puede ayudar a prevenir pancreatitis agudas.
Case 10-2013
Authors: John H Stone, Mandakolathur R Murali
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

A 30-year-old man with a history of IV drug use was admitted to this hospital because of fever, myalgias, polyarthritis, and rash. Results of liver-function tests were notable for mildly elevated hepatic aminotransferase levels and a normal bilirubin level.
Case 11-2000
Authors: John H. Growdin, James M. Primavera
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Presentation of CaseA 74-year-old man was referred to the Memory and Movement Disorders Unit of this hospital because of progressive memory loss and personality changes.The patient had been well until three years earlier, when his wife observed that he was becoming forgetful. There was subsequent progressive impairment of memory, occasional urinary incontinence, and inappropriate behavior, such as recitation of poorly constructed limericks in public. When speaking he made paraphasic errors, such as “I cannot button my tie.” Although he continued to work in an intellectually demanding profession, his colleagues noted that he made many errors in judgment. Laboratory . . .
164 RISK FACTORS FOR COMPLICATIONS OF ENDOSCOPIC RETROGRADE CHOLANGIOPANCREATOGRAPHY IN PATIENTS AFTER LIVER TRANSPLANTATION
Authors: G. Kochhar, U. Navaneethan, J. Mari Parungao, J. Mathias, S. Hassan, P. Mehta, R. Lopez, J. Vargo, M. Sanakan
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Abstract 2832: Fibroblast growth factors in head and neck cancer: Genetic alterations and therapeutic targeting with ponatinib
Authors: Damian T. Rieke, Zhixiang Zuo, Katharina Endhardt, Michaela Keck, Arun Khattri, Derya Mahmutoglu, Kelley Leung, Mohamed El Dinali, Johannes Braegelmann, Tanguy Y. Seiwert
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: FGF signaling plays an important role in cancer. Little is known about its involvement in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). FGFR1 focal amplification and high expression (Freier, Schwaenen et al.), expression of FG-BP (Li et al.) and FGF2 autocrine signalling loops (Marshall et al.) have been described in connection with HNSSC. We therefore examined copy number alterations for several FGFR and FGF-related Genes in 159 patient tissues and cell lines as well as expression levels in 116 patient tissues and 40 cell lines. Based upon our findings we tried a combined FGFR-inhibiton with ponatinib in 5 head and neck cancer-cell lines alone and in combination with gefitinib. Methods: Copy Number Data analysis for 144 patient tissues and cell lines (Nanostring) as well as for 20 cell lines (aCGH) of which 5 were covered by both techniques and showed comparable results. Expression data analysis for 116 tissues and 40 cell lines (Agilent). Viability for 5 cell lines treated with gefitinib and ponatinib alone and in combination. Immunoblotting was performed to deterimed PI3K-AKT and MAPK signaling. Results: Frequent copy number increase could be detected for FGF19 in tissues and cell lines. FGFR1 copy number increase could be seen in only 1 tissue sample, but appeared to be deleted in several samples. High relative expression could be detected for FGFBP1 in tissues and cell lines. Viability testing showed high efficacy in 5/5 cell lines tested for ponatinib but was not solely mediated by AKT or MAPK signaling. Combined treatment with ponatinib and gefitinib was more effective than treatment with either agent alone and synergy was present. Conclusions: FGF signaling is important in Head and Neck Cancer. FGF19 amplification is frequent. We were unable to replicate FGFR1 amplification with only one tissue showing FGFR1 copy number increase. High expression levels could be shown for FGFBP1, providing an alternative hypothesis for explaining the efficacy of FGF2 inhibition as previously shown (Marshall et. al.). Ponatinib is effective as a single agent on HNSSC cell line models and shows synergistic effect in combination with gefitinib. It is promising to evaluate FGF pathway inhibition (e.g. with ponatinib) in its ability to overcome EGFR-inhibitor resistance. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2832. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2832
Nonviral Risk Factors for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a Low-Risk Population, the Non-Asians of Los Angeles County, California
Authors: M. C. Yu, B. E. Henderson, M. J. Tong, S. Govindarajan
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

We conducted interviews on 74 patients with histologically confirmed hepatocellular carcinoma. These patients, aged 18–74 years, were black or white residents of Los Angeles County. We also interviewed 162 population control subjects who were comparable to the case patients by age, sex, and race. Cigarette smoking was a significant risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma [relative risk (RR) = 2.1; 95% confidence limits (CL) = 1.1, 4.0]; the effects were similar in men and in women. Heavy alcohol consumption was another risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma in men; men who consumed 80 g or more of ethanol per day had an RR of 4.7 (95% CL = 1.4, 15.4) relative to those who had never drunk alcohol on a weekly basis. The level of alcohol intake was relatively low in women, and no significant effect on risk of hepatocellular carcinoma was observed. Use of oral contraceptives was significantly related to risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in women (RR = 3.0; 95% CL = 1.0, 8.8); those who were exposed for more than 5 years exhibited a 5.5-fold increased risk (95% CL = 1.2, 24.8). The effects of these three risk factors on hepatocellular carcinoma development were independent of each other and independent of serologically determined viral hepatitis. Our data suggest that cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and use of oral contraceptives are major risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma among non-Asian residents of Los Angeles County. We also observed a significant association between a history of diabetes and hepatocellular carcinoma (RR = 3.3; 95% CL = 1.5, 7.2), especially among those who had received insulin treatment (RR = 18.5; 95% CL = 2.2, 156.0). This association may have etiological significance.
P702 HEV INFECTION IS A FREQUENT CAUSE (20%) OF ELEVATED TRANSAMINASES IN PATIENTS WITH INFLAMMATORY RHEUMATIC DISEASES: RESULTS OF A FRENCH MONOCENTRIC PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: S. Fournier, M. Guillaume, C. Luxembourger, F. Abravanel, H. Bagheri, M. Wargny, C. Bureau, J.-P. Vinel, A. Cantagrel, J.-M. Péron
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
P3-07-44: Feasibility of Axillary Reverse Mapping during Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Breast Cancer.
Authors: M Noguchi, Y Ohno, Y Nakano, M Noguchi, T Kosaka
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: The axillary reverse mapping (ARM) procedure is based on the hypothesis that the lymphatic drainage from the upper arm is different from that of the breast. However, the oncologic safety of the procedure has not yet been determined. Methods: The ARM nodes were identified using a fluorescence imaging system. Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy was performed in patients with clinically uninvolved nodes. If the SLN was positive, ALND was performed with removal of ARM nodes. Otherwise, the identified ARM nodes were preserved unless they were the same as the SLN. Results: The ARM node was identified in 30 of 91 patients who underwent SLN biopsy, and it was the same as the SLN in 23 patients. However, in 13 patients with a positive SLN who subsequently underwent ALND, ARM nodes were tumor-free when they were not the same as the positive SLN. Conclusions: There are limits to the principle of non-overlap between breast and arm nodes. However, it may be feasible to spare ARM nodes during ALND in patients with clinically negative nodes. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-07-44.
Improving targeted screening for hepatitis C in the UK
Authors: C. J. A. Duncan, E. Stewart, R. Fox
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Primary care practitioners can play an important role 

A recent report from the Health Protection Agency in the United Kingdom estimates that 216 000 people, 90% of whom have injected drugs, are infected with the hepatitis C virus.1 Also at higher risk of infection are migrants from South Asia and eastern Europe and men who have sex with men.1 Of major concern is that half of the infected people who inject drugs who were surveyed (equivalent to nearly 100 000 people) were unaware of their diagnosis.1 This represents a huge burden of undiagnosed chronic hepatitis C in the UK and means that we should seriously consider targeted screening for hepatitis C. Such a shift in policy would have implications for primary care.

Targeted screening for hepatitis C fulfils World Health Organization criteria for screening.2 Because chronic infection has no specific symptoms, screening is the only way to identify people with hepatitis C before the onset of symptomatic liver disease. Serious complications such as cirrhosis develop in about 30% of chronically infected people after 20 years, and people who are infected with hepatitis who also have cirrhosis have a 5% annual risk of decompensated liver disease or hepatocellular carcinoma. …
ANÁLISIS DE LA REDUCCIÓN DE ESTÓMAGO SIN CIRUGÍA COMO MÉTODO PARA LUCHAR CONTRA LA OBESIDAD (MÉTODO POSE)
Authors: D Argente
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Corporación Dermoestética, compañía dedicada a la salud y la belleza a través de sus unidades médicas temáticas (Unidad Médica de la Obesidad, Unidad Médica de Tratamientos Antiedad y Unidad Médica de Cirugía Estética) líder en España y Portugal, introdujo la Reducción de Estómago sin Cirugía en su catálogo de tratamientos para luchar contra la obesidad en 2012.
Cystine Crystals in Bone Marrow
Authors: Perla Vicari, Vivia M Sthel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

A 1-year-old girl presented with growth failure, mild anemia, hypophosphatemia, hypovitaminosis D, glucosuria, and proteinuria. She underwent diagnostic bone marrow aspiration, which revealed an increased proportion of macrophages containing polygonal crystals.
P632 INTRAMUSCULAR HUMAN MMP-8 GENE DELIVERY PREVENTS EXPERIMENTAL LIVER FIBROSIS
Authors: J.J. García-Bañuelos, E. Oceguera-Contreras, D. Gordillo-Bastidas, A.S. Sandoval-Rodríguez, B.E. Bastidas-Ramírez, J. Gonzalez-Cuevas, J. Macias-Barragan, B. Gomez-Meda, J. Armendaríz-Borunda
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Abstract 3070: CHFR, a potential tumor suppressor, downregulates interleukin-8 via inhibition of NF-κB
Authors: Takashi Tokino, Lisa Kashima, Minoru Toyota, Yasushi Sasaki
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The mitoic checkpoint gene CHFR is silenced in various human cancers, suggesting that CHFR is a tumor suppressor. Here, we reveal that CHFR functions as a negative regulator of the NF-kB pathway. Expression of CHFR inhibited NF-kB reporter activity, while knockdown of CHFR activated reporter activity. These activities are independent of its RING finger domain. Further we found that CHFR interacts with p65 and negatively regulates transcriptional activity of p65. Moreover, our data demonstrate that IL-8 is significantly downregulated by CHFR and that the migration of human endothelial cells is suppressed in culture medium conditioned from CHFR-expressing cancer cells. Using a xenograft model, we show that angiogenesis is suppressed by adenovirus-mediated transfer of CHFR. These results indicate that expression of CHFR markedly reduces expression of IL-8 via the inhibition of NF-kB. Because the NF-kB plays a critical role in the development and progression of cancer, our finding demonstrate the functional relationship between epigenetic alteration and inflammation/antiogenesis in human cancer cells, thereby revealing several potential target for therapeutic intervention. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3070.
Abstract LB-150: Binding selectivity of RNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 3f in pancreatic cells
Authors: Diana J. Uribe, Fushi Wen, Alex Shen, Andrw Choi, Jiaqi Shi
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Deregulation of translation is necessary for an increase in protein production that benefits cancer cells to increase proliferation and tumor growth. Eukaryotic initiation factor 3f (eIF3f), a subunit in the eIF3 protein complex, has been shown to be a regulator for translation initiation. Our group was the first to describe eIF3f as a tumor suppressor, where we show its expression is lost in melanoma and pancreatic tumor tissues. In this study, we show that eIF3f binds to various RNAs for genes involved in GTP-binding, RNA binding, RNA capping and other cellular processes, through the use of RNA-Immunoprecipitation assay followed by a microarray analysis, coined RIP-Chip in normal human pancreatic ductal epithelial (HPDE) cells. We confirmed the binding of eIF3f to these RNAs through RNA-Immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay using an antibody against eIF3f to pulldown of our sample RNA and visualized by RT-PCR analysis. To determine the role of this selective binding of eIF3f to these particular RNAs, we observed their expression in the HPDE cells, were eIF3f was stably knocked-down with lentivirus containing eIF3f-siRNA. Preliminary results demonstrate some correlation between the absence of eIF3f and the protein levels of the genes encoding for the eIF3f pulled-down RNA. Our results demonstrate that eIF3f may be involved in directly targeting specific oncogenic RNA sequences for degradation. Further investigations will be needed to elucidate the role of these genes and eIF3f expression in the transformation of pancreatic tissues to the aggressive phenotype of pancreatic cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-150. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-LB-150
PTU-142 High Prevalence Of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumours (gists): A Case Series In Uk Secondary Care
Authors: C Shekhar, NC Fisher
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumours (GISTs) are mesenchymal tumours, predominantly affecting the GI tract. Diagnosis and classification require specialist review and there are few published data on the incidence of GIST in the UK. Reported incidences elsewhere vary between 6.5/ million/ year in Norway and 14.5/ million/year in Sweden.<sup>1,2</sup> We have analysed our caseload of GISTs in a UK secondary care setting with a population of approx 350,000, in order to estimate incidence and review outcomes. <h3>Methods</h3> A retrospective case note reviews of all patients with GIST, as identified from upper GI cancer MDT minutes, from 2008 to 2012 inclusive (5 years). The diagnosis of GIST was considered valid if characteristic imaging and/ or pathological features were verified by CT scanning, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) needle aspiration/ biopsy and/ or surgical resection. <h3>Results</h3> We identified 28 cases with a final diagnosis of GIST. The observed incidence varied between 4 and 8/ year, and estimated annual incidence was calculated at 16/million/year. The age range was 28–91 years (M 12, F16). Nineteen cases (68%) presented with signs or symptoms of GI blood loss; five (18%) with other GI symptoms and remaining cases were found incidentally. GIST size at presentation ranged from 1cm to 20cm in diameter. One case had metastasised at the time of diagnosis. EUS was used for diagnosis and staging in 15 cases; 13 had fine needle aspiration, of which 10/13 were diagnostic. 22 cases underwent resection surgery. 6 cases were treated with Imatinib (Glivec). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Our review suggests a higher than expected incidence of GISTs in this population compared with other published series.<sup>2,3</sup> Most cases present with GI blood loss and surgery is curative in most cases. The incidence of GISTs in the UK is deserving of further study. <h3>References</h3> <i>Cancer Eidemiol</i> 2011 Dec;35(6):515–20 <i>Cancer</i> 2005 Feb 15;103(4):821–9 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
TRENDS IN ATRIAL FIBRILLATION HOSPITALIZATION IN YOUNG PATIENTS
Authors: Abhishek Deshmukh, Achint Patel, Shantanu Solanki, Samir Patel, Nileshkumar Patel, Badal Thakkar, Nilay Patel, Shilpkumar Arora, Nikhil Nalluri, Peter Noseworthy, Suraj Kapa, Chance Witt, Sadip Pant, Apurva Badheka, Paul Friedman, Samuel Asirvatham
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
A2.1 Activated Neutrophils are able to Efficiently Produce Interferon-α and Retain this Capability in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
Authors: Dennis Lindau, Armin Rabsteyn, Julie Mussard, Matthieu Ribon, Ina Kötter, Gosse Adema, Marie-Christophe Boissier, Patrice Decker
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background and Objectives</h3> Neutrophils play a pivotal role in inflammation and contribute to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathogenesis. Interferon (IFN)-α is involved in lupus development and might contribute locally to RA development. Activated plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) are important producers of IFN-α but represent a minor cell population. On the other hand, neutrophils represent 50% of total blood leukocytes. Although neutrophils are not considered as IFN-α-producing cells, we have investigated whether they may produce this cytokine and the stimuli involved. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> PBMC and neutrophils were isolated from healthy individuals, SLE and RA patients. Mouse neutrophils were purified from the bone marrow. Cells were activated with different stimuli and IFN-α production/secretion was estimated by flow cytometry, ELISA and a bioassay. Neutrophil activation was verified by flow cytometry and ELISA. Gene expression was analysed by qRT-PCR. Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) induction was estimated by confocal microscopy. Chromatin, a major autoantigen in SLE, was purified from calf thymus. <h3>Results</h3> Isolated neutrophils produce IFN-α upon stimulation with Toll-like receptor (TLR) 9 and TLR7/8 agonists. IFN-α secretion by neutrophils was observed with neutrophils from both healthy donors and SLE and RA patients. Similar results were obtained with mouse neutrophils. IFN-α production by neutrophils was associated with IL-8, IL-6 and TNF-α secretion, CD66b up-regulation, ROS production and increased gene expression levels of IFN-α, IFN-β and IL-6. In low responders, PBMC sustain IFN-α secretion by neutrophils in co-cultures. Neutrophil priming is not required but GM-CSF acts synergistically with TLR9 agonists. Particularly, neutrophils respond to all types (A, B and C) of CpG-oligonucleotides. pDC are more efficient than neutrophils in producing IFN-α at the single cell level but this was largely compensated by the 200-fold excess of neutrophils in whole blood. Importantly, neutrophil-derived IFN-α was detected in response to free chromatin, a lupus autoantigen, and was associated with neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation (NETosis). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Neutrophils represent an important source of IFN-α. IFN-α was detected at the mRNA and protein levels and in an active and secreted form. Both normal as well as SLE and RA neutrophils produce IFN-α in response to specific stimuli. Therefore, neutrophils represent also important targets for future therapies aiming at influencing IFN-α levels.
US university plans to close proton therapy center in first of many possible closures
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Indiana University will close its proton therapy center by the end of the year, citing high operating costs and low patient volume. The decision came after an outside review of the center commissioned by Jay Hess, vice president for university clinical affairs and dean of the university’s School of Medicine.1

“Unfortunately, rapidly advancing technology and changes in the dynamics of cancer treatment have left us with a dwindling patient base and a facility that is many times more expensive to operate than most of our competitors in this field,” Hess said in a statement announcing the center’s closure.

When it opened in 2004 the proton therapy center, located in Bloomington, Indiana, was the third proton therapy facility in the United …