tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
IMPACT OF HEMODIALYSIS AND HIGH PLATELET REACTIVITY ON OUTCOMES FOLLOWING PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION WITH DRUG-ELUTING STENTS: AN ADAPT-DES SUBSTUDY
Authors: Geoffrey Allan Rubin, Ajay Kirtane, Giora Weisz, Usman Baber, Ke Xu, Helen Parise, Thomas Stuckey, Bernhard Witzenbichler, Michael Rinaldi, Franz-Josef Neumann, Christopher Metzger, Timothy Henry, David Cox, Peter Duffy, Bruce Brodie, Ernest Mazzaferri, Roxana Mehran, Gregg Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Regional myocardial perfusion during atrial pacing in patients with coronary artery disease.
Authors: D H Schmidt, M B Weiss, W J Casarella, D L Fowler, R R Sciacca, P J Cannon
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Regional myocardial perfusion (RMP) was measured with 133xenon and a multiple-crystal scintillation camera at rest and during atrial pacing in 24 patients with normal coronary arteriograms or less than 50% lesions, Group I, and in 24 with significant (greater than 50% lesions) left coronary artery disease (CAD), Group II. Pacing induced increases in the double product (DP) of heart rate and systolic blood pressure, an index of myocardial oxygen consumption, were not different for Groups I and II. In Group I average mean LV perfusion rate was subnormal at rest but rose from 49 to 73 ml/100 g-min during pacing to 150/min without angina. A response index (RI), (deltaMP X 10(3)/deltaDP), averaged 2.93. Twenty patients in Group II developed angina during pacing. The average mean LV perfusion rose less than in Group I, from 48 to 64 ml/100 g-min (P less than 0.05) and the average RI, 1.76, was lower (P less than 0.01). In 19 of these patients, average RMP distal to the major coronary lesion increased from 46 to 58 ml/100 g-min; this increase during pacing was significantly less than in the remainder of the LV of 48 to 66 ml/100 g-min (P less than 0.05). Average regional RIs were 1.39 and 2.18, respectively. In three patients the presence of collaterals termed adequate by radiological criteria was not associated with preferential decreases in the distal regional RI. The data support the hypothesis that in some patients with CAD, angina pectoris results when an obstructive coronary lesion restricts the total or regional myocardial blood flow response to an increased rate of myocardial oxygen consumption.
No evidence of accelerated atherogenesis in the preclinical and very early phase of rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Marleen G H van de Sande, Sander I van Leuven, Maria J H de Hair, Diederik van Wijk, Roeland Huijgen, John J P Kastelein, Danielle M Gerlag, Erik S Stroes, Paul P Tak
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2012)

<h3>Backgroundand objectives</h3> The increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been largely ascribed to the chronic inflammatory state. Whether the CVD risk is restricted to RA patients with longstanding disease and whether RA-associated autoantibodies also associate with accelerated atherogenesis remains to be elucidated. <h3>Methods</h3> The authors measured intima media thickness (IMT) in early arthritis patients diagnosed with RA according to the 2010 American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism criteria (disease duration &lt;6 months) (n=20), a group of individuals at risk of developing RA (identified by the presence of arthralgia and elevated serum levels of IgM rheumatoid factor and/or anticitrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) in the absence of clinical evidence of arthritis) (n=50), and healthy controls (n=70) to study if the CVD risk is increased in the earliest phases of RA. To evaluate the relationship between IMT and RA-associated autoantibodies as well as other parameters, uni and multivariate regression analyses were performed. <h3>Results</h3> Both in subjects at risk of developing RA and in very early RA patients, mean IMT was comparable to the mean IMT of healthy controls (0.65 (0.18) and 0.62 (0.21) versus 0.66 mm (0.17) p=0.44 and p=0.14, respectively). In the early RA group, IMT was associated with age, whereas in the individuals at risk of RA IMT was associated with apoB, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, body mass index, systolic blood pressure (SBP), ACPA and erythrocyte sedimentation rate levels in univariate analysis. Upon multivariate linear regression analysis only age and SBP remained significantly associated with IMT. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The absence of (a trend towards) increased IMT does not support accelerated atherogenesis during the earliest stages of RA. These findings lend further support to active treatment of inflammation and treatment of CVD risk factors according to national guidelines in RA patients from the onset of clinically manifest arthritis in order to decrease morbidity and mortality from CVD in more advanced RA.
Deficiency for endoglin in tumor vasculature weakens the endothelial barrier to metastatic dissemination
Authors: Charlotte Anderberg, Sara I. Cunha, Zhenhua Zhai, Eliane Cortez, Evangelia Pardali, Jill R. Johnson, Marcela Franco, Marta Páez-Ribes, Ross Cordiner, Jonas Fuxe, Bengt R. Johansson, Marie-José Goumans, Oriol Casanovas, Peter ten Dijke, Helen M. Arthur, Kristian Pietras
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2013)

Therapy-induced resistance remains a significant hurdle to achieve long-lasting responses and cures in cancer patients. We investigated the long-term consequences of genetically impaired angiogenesis by engineering multiple tumor models deprived of endoglin, a co-receptor for TGF-β in endothelial cells actively engaged in angiogenesis. Tumors from endoglin-deficient mice adapted to the weakened angiogenic response, and refractoriness to diminished endoglin signaling was accompanied by increased metastatic capability. Mechanistic studies in multiple mouse models of cancer revealed that deficiency for endoglin resulted in a tumor vasculature that displayed hallmarks of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, a process of previously unknown significance in cancer biology, but shown by us to be associated with a reduced capacity of the vasculature to avert tumor cell intra- and extravasation. Nevertheless, tumors deprived of endoglin exhibited a delayed onset of resistance to anti-VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) agents, illustrating the therapeutic utility of combinatorial targeting of multiple angiogenic pathways for the treatment of cancer.
Differentiation of "A-V Junctional Rhythms"
Authors: BENJAMIN J. SCHERLAG, RALPH LAZZARA, RICHARD H. HELFANT
Journal: Circulation (1973)

Considerable controversy exists regarding the site(s) of origin of so-called junctional rhythms. However, experimental and clinical evidence indicates that a more precise identification of the origin of these rhythms is now possible. Microelectrode recordings from the atrioventricular (A-V) junction have clearly demonstrated that all three zones of the A-V node (upper nodal [AN], midnodal [N], and lower nodal [NH] regions) exhibit action potentials which are functionally different from those recorded in contiguous atrial and His bundle cells. In addition, the amplitude and rate of rise of A-V nodal action potentials are markedly depressed by acetylcholine, a relative sensitivity not shared by atrial and His bundle cells. Cells of the AN and NH regions of the A-V node do show pacemaker activity as do His bundle cells. Experimental studies using His bundle recording techniques indicate significant differences in heart rate between nodal rhythms produced by sinus node isolation or suppression (average: 94 ± 22 beats/min) and His bundle rhythms caused by A-V nodal destruction (average: 39 ± 9 beats/min). Nontoxic doses of ouabain significantly reduced the average A-V nodal rate to 55 beats/min whereas the same dose regimen did not change the average rate of His bundle rhythms. Several clinical studies have claimed that the absence of "A-V nodal" potentials during so-called middle and lower A-V nodal rhythms indicate a site of origin in the His bundle and not the A-V node. However, the nondescript, sometimes spurious nature of A-V nodal recordings severely limits this approach to differentiation of junctional rhythms. Recent clinical studies using His bundle recordings showed that patients with complete heart block and narrow QRS complexes could be clearly divided into two groups. In one group the heart rates ranged from 45-60 beats/min and invariably increased significantly following atropine administration (A-V nodal pacemakers). In the other group heart rates ranged from 35-45 beats/min and there was no significant response to atropine (His bundle pacemakers). Intra-His bundle block could be documented in several patients in the latter group, confirming the His bundle location of the ventricular pacemaker. In conclusion, evidence gained from experimental in vivo and in vitro animal studies and from clinical investigations clearly suggests the existence of at least two pacemakers in the A-V junction. The two A-V junctional pacemakers are distinctly different in both heart rate and chronotropic response to cholinergic or cholinergic-blocking agents.
Outcomes of methotrexate therapy for psoriasis and relationship to genetic polymorphisms
Authors: R.B. Warren, R.L. Smith, E. Campalani, S. Eyre, C.H. Smith, J.N.W.N. Barker, J. Worthington, C.E.M. Griffiths
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

The use of methotrexate is limited by interindividual variability in response. Previous studies in patients with either rheumatoid arthritis or psoriasis suggest that genetic variation across the methotrexate metabolic pathway might enable prediction of both efficacy and toxicity of the drug.To assess if single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across four genes that are relevant to methotrexate metabolism [folypolyglutamate synthase (FPGS), gamma-glutamyl hydrolase (GGH), methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide transformylase (ATIC)] are related to treatment outcomes in patients with psoriasis.DNA was collected from 374 patients with psoriasis who had been treated with methotrexate. Data were available on individual outcomes to therapy, namely efficacy and toxicity. Haplotype-tagging SNPs (r(2) > 0.8) for the four genes with a minor allele frequency of > 5% were selected from the HAPMAP phase II data. Genotyping was undertaken using the MassARRAY spectrometric method (Sequenom).There were no significant associations detected between clinical outcomes in patients with psoriasis treated with methotrexate and SNPs in the four genes investigated.Genetic variation in four key genes relevant to the intracellular metabolism of methotrexate does not appear to predict response to methotrexate therapy in patients with psoriasis.
Dosing azathioprine in thiopurine S-methyltransferase deficient inflammatory bowel disease patients
Authors: L J J Derijks, R B van Helden, D W Hommes, P C Stokkers
Journal: Gut (2008)

With great interest we read the article by Kaskas et al ( Gut 2003; 52 :140–2) about safe treatment of thiopurine S -methyltransferase (TPMT) deficient Crohn’s disease patients with azathioprine (AZA). In this paper it is illustrated that TPMT-deficient patients can be successfully treated with very low doses of AZA (∼10% of standard initial dose). 

Unfortunately, this is not the case for all homozygous mutant TPMT allele carriers. This is demonstrated by the case report of an exceptional thiopurine S -methyltransferase deficient patient with inflammatory bowel disease who we identified recently. A 19-year-old man with ulcerative colitis who was attending the outpatient clinic was treated with …
Neural and Cognitive Correlates of the Common and Specific Variance Across Externalizing Problems in Young Adolescence
Authors: Natalie Castellanos-Ryan, Maren Struve, Robert Whelan, Tobias Banaschewski, Gareth J. Barker, Arun L.W. Bokde, Uli Bromberg, Christian Büchel, Herta Flor, Mira Fauth-Bühler, Vincent Frouin, Juergen Gallinat, Penny Gowland, Andreas Heinz, Claire Lawrence, Jean-Luc Martinot, Frauke Nees, Tomas Paus, Zdenka Pausova, Marcella Rietschel, Trevor W. Robbins, Michael N. Smolka, Gunter Schumann, Hugh Garavan, Patricia J. Conrod
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2014)

Longitudinal and family-based research suggests that conduct disorder, substance misuse, and ADHD involve both unique forms of dysfunction as well as more specific dysfunctions unique to each condition. Using direct measures of brain function, this study also found evidence in both unique and disorder-specific perturbations.
Response to Open Peer Commentaries on “Ethics Consultation in U.S. Hospitals: A National Survey”
Authors: Ellen Fox, Sarah Myers, Robert A. Pearlman
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2007)

We are honored that our article inspired such a wide range of thoughtful responses, and humbled by descriptions of it as “a landmark study” (Parsi and Kuczewski 2007, 37), “an important milestone” ...
Evidence for conductive Cl- pathway in the basolateral membrane of rabbit renal proximal tubule S3 segment.
Authors: G Seki, S Taniguchi, S Uwatoko, K Suzuki, K Kurokawa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

The mechanism of Cl- exit was examined in the basolateral membrane of rabbit renal proximal tubule S3 segment with double-barreled, ion-selective microelectrodes. After the basolateral Cl-/HCO3- exchanger was blocked by 2'-disulfonic acid, a bath K+ step from 5 to 20 mM induced 26.6 mV depolarization and 7.7 mM increase in intracellular Cl- activities ([Cl(-)]i). K+ channel blockers, Ba2+, and quinine strongly suppressed both the response in cell membrane potentials (Vb) and in (Cl-)i to the bath K+ step, while Cl- channel blockers, A9C (1 mM) and IAA-94 (0.3 mM) inhibited only the latter response by 49 and 74%, respectively. By contrast, an inhibitor of K(+)-Cl- cotransporter, H74, had no effect on the increase in (Cl-)i to the bath K+ step. Furosemide and the removal of bath Na+ were also ineffective, suggesting that (Cl-)i are sensitive to the cell potential changes. Bath Cl- removal in the presence of quinine induced a depolarization of more than 10 mV and a decrease in (Cl-)i, and IAA-94 inhibited these responses similarly in the bath K+ step experiments. These results indicate that a significant Cl- conductance exists in the basolateral membrane of this segment and functions as a Cl- exit mechanism.
Plaque Types and Cell-Free Virus From Tissue Cultures Infected With Cal-1 Strain of Herpesvirus Associated With Marek's Disease&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Mikami, T., Bankowski, R. A.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1970)

Journal Article Plaque Types and Cell-Free Virus From Tissue Cultures Infected With Cal-1 Strain of Herpesvirus Associated With Marek's Disease Get access T. Mikami, T. Mikami Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. A. Bankowski R. A. Bankowski Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 45, Issue 2, August 1970, Pages 319–333, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/45.2.319 Published: 01 August 1970 Article history Received: 24 February 1970 Accepted: 30 April 1970 Published: 01 August 1970
A Proper Sequence for the Treatment of B16 Melanoma: Chemotherapy, Surgery, and Immunotherapy
Authors: W. Jefferson Pendergrast, Walter P. Drake, Michael R. Mardiney
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

The therapeutic effectiveness of surgery, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy alone and in combination were studied in the B16 melanoma model. The sequence of chemotherapy and immunotherapy as adjuvants to surgery proved important: Chemotherapy was significantly better when given before surgery; immunotherapy was more effective when delivered after surgery. The most effective therapeutic regimen was a combination of all three modalities: a single course of chemotherapy preceding surgery followed by immunotherapy.
Efficacy of Adjunctive Aripiprazole to Either Valproate or Lithium in Bipolar Mania Patients Partially Nonresponsive to Valproate/Lithium Monotherapy: A Placebo-Controlled Study
Authors: Eduard Vieta, Caroline T'joen, Robert D McQuade, William H Carson, Ronald N Marcus, Raymond Sanchez, Randall Owen, Laurence Nameche
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2008)

The authors evaluated the efficacy and safety of adjunctive aripiprazole in bipolar I patients with mania partially nonresponsive to lithium/valproate monotherapy.This multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled study included outpatients experiencing a manic or mixed episode (with or without psychotic features). Patients with partial nonresponse to lithium/valproate monotherapy (defined as a Young Mania Rating Scale total score >/=16 at the end of phases 1 and 2, with a decrease of </=25% between phases) with target serum concentrations of lithium (0.6-1.0 mmol/liter) or valproate (50-125 mug/ml) were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to adjunctive aripiprazole (N=253; 15 or 30 mg/day) or placebo (N=131) for 6 weeks.Mean improvement from baseline in Young Mania Rating Scale total score at week 6 (primary endpoint) was significantly greater with aripiprazole (-13.3) than with placebo (-10.7). Significant improvements in Young Mania Rating Scale total score with aripiprazole versus placebo occurred from week 1 onward. In addition, the mean improvement in Clinical Global Impression Bipolar Version (CGI-BP) severity of illness (mania) score from baseline to week 6 was significantly greater with aripiprazole (-1.9) than with placebo (-1.6). Discontinuation rates due to adverse events were higher with aripiprazole than with placebo (9% versus 5%, respectively). Akathisia was the most frequently reported extrapyramidal symptom-related adverse event and occurred significantly more frequently among those receiving aripiprazole (18.6%) than among those receiving placebo (5.4%). There were no significant differences between treatments in weight change from baseline to week 6 (+0.55 kg and +0.23 kg for aripiprazole and placebo, respectively; last observation carried forward).Adjunctive aripiprazole therapy showed significant improvements in mania symptoms as early as week 1 and demonstrated a tolerability profile similar to that of monotherapy studies.
Effects of acute prednisolone administration on exercise endurance and metabolism
Authors: A Arlettaz, K Collomp, H Portier, A-M Lecoq, N Rieth, B Le Panse, J De Ceaurriz
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2007)

Objective: To examine whether acute glucocorticoid (GC) intake alters performance and selected hormonal and metabolic variables during submaximal exercise. Methods: In total, 14 recreational male athletes completed two cycling trials at 70–75% maximum O 2 uptake starting 3 h after an ingestion of either a lactose placebo or oral GC (20 mg of prednisolone) and continuing until exhaustion, according to a double-blind randomised protocol. Blood samples were collected at rest, after 10, 20, 30 minutes, and at exhaustion and recovery for measurement of growth hormone (GH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), prolactin, insulin, blood glucose, lactate and interleukin (IL)-6 determination. Results: Cycling duration was not significantly changed after GC or placebo administration (55.9 (5.2) v 48.8 (2.9) minutes, respectively). A decrease in ACTH and DHEA (p&lt;0.01) was observed with GC during all of the experiments and in IL-6 after exhaustion (p&lt;0.05). No change in basal, exercise or recovery GH, prolactin, insulin or lactate was found between the two treatments but blood glucose was significantly higher with GC (p&lt;0.05) at any time point. Conclusion: From these data, acute systemic GC administration does seem to alter some metabolic markers but did not influence performance during submaximal exercise.
An Evaluation of Cost Sharing to Finance a Diet and Physical Activity Intervention to Prevent Diabetes
Authors: Ronald T. Ackermann, David G. Marrero, Katherine A. Hicks, Thomas J. Hoerger, Stephen Sorensen, Ping Zhang, Michael M. Engelgau, Robert E. Ratner, William H. Herman
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) lifestyle intervention is a cost-effective strategy to prevent type 2 diabetes, but it is unclear how this intervention could be financed. We explored whether this intervention could be offered in a way that allows return on investment for private health insurers while remaining attractive for consumers, employers, and Medicare.We used the DPP and other published reports to build a Markov simulation model to estimate the lifetime progression of disease, costs, and quality of life for adults with impaired glucose tolerance. The model assumed a health-payer perspective and compared DPP lifestyle and placebo interventions. Primary outcomes included cumulative incidence of diabetes, direct medical costs, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and cost per QALY gained.Compared with placebo, providing the lifestyle intervention at age 50 years could prevent 37% of new cases of diabetes before age 65, at a cost of $1,288 per QALY gained. A private payer could reimburse $655 (24%) of the $2,715 in total discounted intervention costs during the first 3 intervention years and still recover all of these costs in the form of medical costs avoided. If Medicare paid up to $2,136 in intervention costs over the 15-year period before participants reached age 65, it could recover those costs in the form of future medical costs avoided beginning at age 65.Cost-sharing strategies to offer the DPP lifestyle intervention for eligible people between ages 50 and 64 could provide financial return on investment for private payers and long-term benefits for Medicare.
Association of Hypotensive State in Myocardial Infarction with Subsequent Metabolic Reponses and Mortality in Elderly Subjects
Authors: ROBERT A. BRUCE, HENRY J. KOWALSKI, GORDON G. BERGY, Thomas B. Smart, Robert Neilsen, Emily R. Carlson
Journal: Circulation (1955)

Ten elderly patients with typical findings of acute myocardial infarction were studied for two weeks on a metabolic ward. Blood pressures were determined hourly, and balances of nitrogen, water and electrolytes were computed daily. Surviving patients had higher blood pressures, lower heart rates, lost more weight, exhibited negative sodium balance and had earlier recovery from negative nitrogen and potassium balance. Early appearance of hypotension presaged clinical complications, unfavorable metabolic responses and a fatal outcome.