tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 040: Upregulation Of Cyp Epoxygenase In The Connecting Tubule(cnt)/cortical Collecting Duct (ccd) Is Essential For High Potassium (k) Intake-induced Antihypertensive Effect
Authors: Daohong Lin, Chengbiao Zhang, Lijun Wang, Wenhui Wang
Journal: Circulation Research (2013)

Cyp epoxygenase is responsible for metabolizing arachidonic acid to epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET) in the kidney and vascular tissues. EET has been shown to cause vasodilation by stimulating Ca 2+ -activated K channels in vascular smooth muscles and to have natriuretic effect by inhibiting the epithelial Na channel (ENaC) in the kidney. In the present study we used real time PCR technique to examine the effect of high salt intake or high K intake on Cyp2c44 (a major type of Cyp epoxygenase in the mouse kidney) in the proximal tubule (PxT), thick ascending limb (TAL), distal convoluted tubule (DCT) and the CNT/CCD. An increase in dietary Na content stimulates the expression of Cyp2c4 in TAL, DCT and CNT/CCD but not in PxT while an increase in dietary K intake augments the expression of Cyp2c44 only in DCT and CNT/CCD. Neither high salt intake nor high K intake has a significant effect on the blood pressure (BP) in wt mice. However, high K intake increased BP in CNT/CCD specific conditional knockout (KO) mice. In contrast, the high Na intake did not significantly increase the BP in those KO mice. This suggests that Cyp2c44 in the CNT/CCD plays a key role in preventing hypertension induced by increasing dietary K intake. Administration of amiloride (a ENaC inhibitor) restored the normal BP in KO mice fed high K diet, suggesting that down-regulation of Cyp2c44 may enhance the Na absorption in the CNT/CCD. This notion was also supported by metabolic cage study demonstrating that renal Na excretion was compromised in KO mice. We conclude that Cyp2c44 plays a key role in stimulating renal Na excretion during increasing dietary K intake and that Cyp-epoxygenase is required for antihypertensive effect induced by high K intake.
Matters arising from<i>The BMJ</i>’s stance on assisted dying
Authors: Desmond J O’Neill
Journal: BMJ (2015)

With The BMJ in campaigning mode for assisted suicide—the majority of relevant articles in the 22-29 August issue are in favour—it is hard to give credibility to the call for a full and fair debate by the editor in chief.1

The divorcing of assisted suicide from other forms of suicide is noteworthy, ignoring …
MicroRNA expression profile identifies origin of tumors in the liver
Authors: I. Barshack, S. Rosenwald, M. Bronfeld, S. Aviel-Ronen, E. Meiri, M. Zepeniuk, N. Shabes, S. Tabak, D. Cohen, N. Rosenfeld
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

11026 Background: The distinction of liver metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and determining its tissue origin is a frequent problem in oncology, especially since liver metastases, and particularly adenocarcinoma, may mimic the morphology and immunoexpression of hepatocellular carcinoma. Such distinction has significant therapeutic and prognostic implications. In the present study we have used microRNAs as biomarkers for tissue identification, to distinguish between HCC and metastatic tumors in the liver. Methods: We studied the expression profile of ∼700 known and novel human microRNAs in 144 hepatic and non-hepatic tumor samples, including 50 samples of metastases to the liver, using proprietary microRNA microarrays and RNA extraction protocols that preserve the microRNA fraction from FFPE and fresh-frozen samples. Results: We identified microRNAs that are expressed in significantly higher or lower levels in non-hepatic primary and metastatic tumors compared to HCC. A combination of just two of these microRNAs was highly accurate in distinguishing between primary and metastatic liver tumors, with sensitivity and specificity of about 95%. Additional microRNAs were differentially expressed in gastrointestinal versus non-gastrointestinal tumors. Conclusions: MicroRNAs may serve as potent biomarkers for hepatic tumors and for tumors of gastrointestinal origin in the liver, and may be used to distinguish between these pathological entities in the diagnosis of tumors in the liver. A combination of only two microRNAs can successfully serve this purpose, and provides a basis for the development of a simple and reliable assay in clinical oncology. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Rosetta Genomics Rosetta Genomics
Abstract 14741: Adipose Arteriole Endothelial Dysfunction Induced by Amyloid Proteins: A Novel Human Model to Study Protein Misfolding Diseases
Authors: Seth Truran, Marina Ramirez-Alvarado, Ara Celi DiCostanzo, Daniel A Franco, Camelia Burciu, Anthony Maltagliati, Shishir Murarka, Raymond Q Migrino
Journal: Circulation (2012)
Abstract 19034: microRNA-145 Regulates ABCA1, SR-B1, and Reverse Cholesterol Transport
Authors: R. Kannan Mutharasan, Heng Zhang, Hossein Ardehali, C. Shad Thaxton
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background - Reverse cholesterol transport, the process by which cholesterol is effluxed from cells to lipoproteins and subsequently delivered to the liver for clearance, is a promising pathway to augment for treating atherosclerosis. MicroRNA-145 (miR-145) plays a critical role in regulating smooth muscle proliferation, and has been implicated in atherosclerosis. However its function in regulating reverse cholesterol transport has not been investigated. Methods and Results - A bioinformatics screen was performed to find novel microRNAs predicted to regulate ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), Scavenger receptor class B member 1 (SR-B1), and ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1), critical mediators of reverse cholesterol transport. Based on the results of this screen, miR-145 was further investigated. Overexpression of miR-145 in both the THP-1 macrophage cell line and the HepG2 hepatocyte cell line led to downregulation of ABCA1 and SR-B1 protein levels at 48 hours and 72 hours post-transfection, while no effect was seen on ABCG1. Conversely, knockdown of miR-145 using anti-miRs in HepG2 cells resulted in upregulation of ABCA1 protein levels. Finally, to assess the effects of miR-145 on reverse cholesterol transport, functional assays were performed using radiolabeled cholesterol in differentiated THP-1 cells and in HepG2 cells. These assays demonstrated that miR-145 overexpression in THP-1 cells reduced efflux of radiolabeled cholesterol to HDL, while miR-145 knockdown in HepG2 cells increased cholesterol efflux to the HDL acceptor. Conclusions - In summary, these results demonstrate a role for microRNA-145 in regulating ABCA1, SR-B1, and reverse cholesterol transport.
A phase I vaccine trial of a HER-2/neu peptide incorporated into PLG microspheres in patients with advanced stage HER2-expressing cancers
Authors: L. G. Salazar, J. L. Murray, M. L. Disis, M. Cheever
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

2572 Background: Standard methods for immunization with peptides to elicit cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) have not been well defined. Injection of soluble antigens in most standard vaccine formulations induce helper T cell and antibody responses, but generally fail to elicit CTL. Preclinical studies have shown that peptides incorporated into Poly-lactide-co-glycolide (PLG) microspheres are more effective in eliciting CTL than soluble peptides. Additionally, studies in HLA-A2 transgenic mice have shown GM-CSF and monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL-AF) to be effective adjuvants for induction of CTL with PLG peptide. A Phase I vaccine study was conducted to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of HER2 peptide p369–377 incorporated in PLG microspheres in combination with GM-CSF or MPL-AF as adjuvant in patients with advanced stage HER2 overexpressing cancers. Methods: Twenty-four HLA-A2+ patients with stage III/IV breast, ovarian, or non-small cell lung cancer were enrolled sequentially into 4 treatment arms (6 patients/arm) and received escalating doses of the vaccine (Arms 1 and 2 received 0.5 mg of HER2 peptide; Arms 3 and 4 received 1.5 mg HER2 peptide) with different adjuvants (Arms 1, 2 and 3 received GM-CSF; Arm 4 received MPL-AF) and by different administration routes (Arm 1 received intradermal injection; Arms 2, 3, and 4 received subcutaneous injection). Vaccines were administered every 28 days for a total of 6 immunizations. Toxicity assessments were conducted at baseline, prior to each vaccine and at follow-up. Immunologic responses were evaluated with IFN-γ ELIspot assay. Results: Fourteen subjects completed all 6 vaccinations. 7 patients withdrew from study because of disease progression. No serious or grade 4 toxicity related to vaccine occurred. Eighteen of 24 subjects were evaluable for immunologic responses. 11/18 subjects (61%) developed a p369–377-specific CTL response. Immune responses did not appear to be related to treatment arm. Conclusions: The HER2 p369–377/PLG vaccine plus adjuvant is safe and elicits HER2-specific T cells in patients with HER2 positive cancers. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Adjuvant vaccination with melanoma antigen pulsed dendritic cells (DCs) in stage III melanoma patients
Authors: S. Markowicz, Z. I. Nowecki, P. Rutkowski, A. W. Lipkowski, A. Jakubowska-Mucka, T. Switaj, M. Biernacka, A. Misicka, J. A. Walewski, W. Ruka
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

9039 Background: This is a pilot study evaluating of high-risk melanoma patients (pts) treated with peptide-DC vaccine after lymphadenectomy (LND). DC vaccination was designed to induce the immune response against melanoma antigens in melanoma pts who remain at high risk of dissemination after LND. Methods: DCs were generated from the bone marrow with the use GM-CSF, SCF, FLT3-L and TNFa or from peripheral blood adherent monocytes with GM-CSF and IL-4. DCs pulsed with HLA-A2-binding TYR, MART-1 and gp100 peptides and/or HLA-A1-binding MAGE-1, MAGE-3 peptides, tumor lysate if available, or with tracer antigen keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), were injected sc 9 times within 8 months (mos). Boost injections were performed after 12 and 24 mos. Vaccinated pts were matched to unvaccinated controls (22 of 587) by sex, number of metastatic lymph nodes, extracapsular involvement, completion or therapeutic LND, Breslow stage (T), and ulceration. Results: HLA-A2 + , -A1 + or -A3 + melanoma pts (n=22), stage III, N1b-N3, enrolled between Sept. 2002 and Apr. 2004, received 5–16 vaccinations (median: 11) within 2 yrs. Cutaneous delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) to melanoma peptides was induced in 12 of 22 pts. Peptide-specific IFNg producing CD8 + cells were detected in peripheral blood of 13 of 19 pts after vaccination. At least one of these responses to melanoma antigens was elicited in 17 of 22 pts. DTH to KLH was positive in 15 of 22 pts. Nine vaccinated pts are free of disease, and 1 is stable by Dec. 2008 (follow up is 58–76 mos after LND). Survival analysis for vaccinated pts and matched controls is presented in the Table . Conclusions: The DC/peptide vaccine elicited immune responses to melanoma antigens. Vaccinated pts had clinically substantially longer overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS) than matched control. OS was associated with the immune responsiveness to melanoma antigens and to KLH. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A Novel Function for Transforming Growth Factor-β1: Upregulation of the Expression and the IgE-Independent Extracellular Release of a Mucosal Mast Cell Granule-Specific β-Chymase, Mouse Mast Cell Protease-1
Authors: Hugh R.P. Miller, Steven H. Wright, Pamela A. Knight, Elisabeth M. Thornton
Journal: Blood (1999)
Liver metastases of colorectal carcinoma: Prospective study on the use of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE)
Authors: T. J. Vogl, T. Gruber, S. Zangos, J. O. Balzer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

4062 Background: To evaluate the efficacy of chemoembolization (TACE) in the treatment of liver metastases in colorectal cancer patients concerning local control and survival. Methods: 207 patients with liver metastases of colorectal cancer were treated with repeated TACE in 4-week intervals. In total, 1,307 chemoembolizations were performed with a mean of 6.3 sessions per patient. At the time of first chemoembolization the average age of the patients was 68.8 years (range, 39.4–83.5 years). 158 patients were treated palliatively, 35 symptomatically and 14 patients neoadjuvantly. The chemotherapy consisted of Mitomycin C with/without Gemcitabin; embolization was performed with Lipiodol and starch microspheres for vessel occlusion. Tumor response was evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The change in size was calculated and the response was evaluated according to the RECIST criteria. Survival rates from the first diagnosis and from the first TACE session were both calculated according to the Kaplan-Meier method to obtain the median survival. Results: While 70% of the patients showed multiple metastases, 6% had 1 metastasis, 5.8% had 2 metastases and 18.2% had 3 to 4 metastases. Lesion size and number before, during and after treatment were assessed to deduce the morphological response. Local control results according to the RECIST criteria were as follows: partial response 12% of patients, stable disease in 51% and progressive disease in 37%. The 1-year survival rate after TACE was 62%, but the 2-year survival rate had been reduced to 38%. The median survival time from the date of diagnosis of metastases was 3.4 years (according to Kaplan-Meier), the median survival time from the start of TACE treatment was 1.34 years. The median survival time of the palliative group was 1.4 years, of the symptomatic group 0.8 years and of the neoadjuvant group 1.5 years. Conclusions: TACE is an effective minimal-invasive therapy for neoadjuvant, symptomatic or palliative treatment of liver metastases in colorectal cancer patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Phase I/II Trial of Radiation With Chemotherapy “Boost” for Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Head and Neck: Toxicities and Responses
Authors: Adam S. Garden, Bonnie S. Glisson, K. Kian Ang, William H. Morrison, Scott M. Lippman, Robert M. Byers, Fady Geara, Gary L. Clayman, Dong M. Shin, David L. Callender, Fadlo R. Khuri, Helmuth Goepfert, Waun K. Hong, Lester J. Peters
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1999)

PURPOSE: Extrapolating from our experience delivering a “boost” field of radiation concurrently with fields treating both gross and subclinical disease at the end of a course of radiation therapy, we developed a regimen to deliver concurrent chemotherapy during the last 2 weeks of a conventionally fractionated course of radiation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients had stage III or IV biopsy-proven squamous cell carcinoma originating from a head and neck mucosal site. The regimen was 70 Gy delivered over 7 weeks with concurrent fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin given daily with each radiation dose during the last 2 weeks. A phase I study was performed to determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) before a phase II study was conducted. RESULTS: The MTD was 400 mg/m 2 per day for 5-FU and 10 mg/m 2 per day for cisplatin. Mucositis persisting more than 6 weeks after therapy was the dose-limiting toxicity. A total of 60 patients were treated on the two phases of the study. Eighteen patients (35%) treated at the MTD developed prolonged mucositis. There were two cases of neutropenic sepsis, including one fatality. The actuarial 2-year rates for overall survival, freedom from relapse, and local control were 62%, 59%, and 80%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Preliminary locoregional control rates seem to be higher than those reported for treatment with radiation alone. Toxicity was also greater than that seen with radiation alone, but the regimen was designed to deliver an intense treatment schedule, which could be completed without significant interruptions, and to obtain high control rates above the clavicles. These end points were achieved.
Restrict the Recruitment of Involuntarily Committed Patients for Psychiatric Research
Authors: Carl Elliott, Matt Lamkin
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Efficacy of Rasburicase for the Prophylaxis of Tumor Lysis Syndrome in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Patients
Authors: Hiroyuki Takahashi, Hirotaka Takasaki, Yasufumi Ishiyama, Ayano Nakazono, Yukako Hattori, Reina Watanabe, Shigeki Motomura, Yoshiaki Ishigatsubo, Rika Sakai
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Can unorthodox cancer therapy improve quality-of-life?
Authors: B A Stoll
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1993)

The introduction of a psychosocial component into quality-of-life scores in cancer patients means that any belief which increases hope of cure on benefit will improve the score, and may override adverse physical components of the measurement. Such a belief may be the denial of a bad prognosis by some patients. There can be no objection to the patient seeking the temporary reassurance which may come from unorthodox therapies, as long as they are harmless and do not interfere with orthodox therapy. They may give the patient with a bad prognosis the necessary time to develop inner strengths enabling him to come to terms with the situation.
춘계학술대회 : 구연 ; 역행성 경정맥 정맥류 폐색술을 시행 받은 위정맥류 환자의 출혈과 연관된 사망률과 이에 영향을 미치는 인자 및 장기 추적 결과
Authors: 최용성, 최문석, 김정환, 백승운, 이준혁, 고광철, 유병철, 이종철, 신성욱, 주성욱, 도영수
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2005)

배경/목적: 간경변증 환자에서 위정맥류 출혈은 식도정맥류 출혈에 비하여 지혈이 어렵고 불량한 경과를 보이는 위중한 합병증이다. 역행성 경정맥 정맥류 폐색술(Balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration; BRTO)은 위신단락이 있는 환자에 있어 침습도가 비교적 낮은 효과적인 치료법으로 제시되고 있으나 실제 정맥류 출혈로 인한 사망률을 얼마나 낮출 수 있는지 여부와 예후 인자, 그리고 장기 추적 결과 등에
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Does Not Reduce Indications for Amputation in Patients With Diabetes With Nonhealing Ulcers of the Lower Limb: A Prospective, Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Ludwik Fedorko, James M. Bowen, Wilhelmine Jones, George Oreopoulos, Ron Goeree, Robert B. Hopkins, Daria J. O’Reilly
Journal: Diabetes Care (2016)

OBJECTIVE Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is used for the treatment of chronic diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). The controlled evidence for the efficacy of this treatment is limited. The goal of this study was to assess the efficacy of HBOT in reducing the need for major amputation and improving wound healing in patients with diabetes and chronic DFUs. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Patients with diabetes and foot lesions (Wagner grade 2–4) of at least 4 weeks' duration participated in this study. In addition to comprehensive wound care, participants were randomly assigned to receive 30 daily sessions of 90 min of HBOT (breathing oxygen at 244 kPa) or sham (breathing air at 125 kPa). Patients, physicians, and researchers were blinded to group assignment. At 12 weeks postrandomization, the primary outcome was freedom from meeting the criteria for amputation as assessed by a vascular surgeon. Secondary outcomes were measures of wound healing. RESULTS One hundred fifty-seven patients were assessed for eligibility, with 107 randomly assigned and 103 available for end point adjudication. Criteria for major amputation were met in 13 of 54 patients in the sham group and 11 of 49 in the HBOT group (odds ratio 0.91 [95% CI 0.37, 2.28], P = 0.846). Twelve (22%) patients in the sham group and 10 (20%) in the HBOT group were healed (0.90 [0.35, 2.31], P = 0.823). All other indices of wound healing were also not statistically significantly different between groups. CONCLUSIONS HBOT does not offer an additional advantage to comprehensive wound care in reducing the indication for amputation or facilitating wound healing in patients with chronic DFUs.
The Practice of Obstetrics. Designed for the Use of Students and Practitioners of Medicine.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abnormal Profile of Human Nucleolytic Activity as a Test for Cancer
Authors: Walter P. Drake, Morton Schmukler, W. Jefferson Pendergrast, Alan S. Davis, J. Leonard Lichtenfeld, Michael R. Mardiney
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

Serum samples from patients with various malignancies including acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL), brain tumor (BT), Hodgkin's disease (HD), and non Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) were evaluated for nucleolytic activity against six synthetic polynucleotides: polyadenylic acid, polyurldylic acid, polycytidylic acid, polyguanylic acid, polyadenylic polyuridylic acid, and polyguanylic polycytldylic acid. The enzyme activity was determined spectrophotometrically by following the degradation of substrate to acid-soluble nucleotides. Most patients had elevated serum RNase activity at the 95% confidence level when compared to 30 controls. Included in this group were 67% of patients with ANLL, 46% of patients with BT, 73% of patients with HD, and 67% of patients with NHL. These data confirmed the earlier suggestion that elevated serum nuclease activity is found in patients with neoplastic disease. However, whether or not a serum was identified as abnormal depended on the substrate used In the assay; this underscored the need to test samples against a variety of polynucleotides. Alterations in serum nucleolytic activity represent an important marker of neoplastic disease and can serve as the basis for a useful clinical screening device.