tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Survival outcomes for multiple myeloma over three decades: A Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) analysis
Authors: I. Jawed, C. M. Lee, J. D. Tward, O. K. Macdonald, D. Martincic, N. Vudarla, R. K. Fairbanks, H. Kaya
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

8019 Background: There is limited data regarding survival outcomes for multiple myeloma in the literature. The purpose of this study was to analyze how patient characteristics and decade of treatment affect overall survival (OS) and cause-specific survival (CSS) for patients within a large United States (US) population database. Methods: Data were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER) of the US National Cancer Institute for the years 1973–2003. Patient characteristics (gender, race, age) and year of diagnosis were analyzed by multivariate Cox regression analysis for both OS and CSS endpoints. Results: 40,538 patients were included in the analysis. The mean age at diagnosis was 68.3 (median 69) years. Mean survival for the entire cohort was 41 (median 24) months. Females had better OS than males, hazard ratio (HR) 0.91 (CI 0.89–0.93, P = 0.0001), and CSS, HR 0.96 (CI 0.93–0.98, P = 0.004). There were no significant differences in OS between white and black race (P = 0.34), but black race was associated with improved CSS, HR 0.89 (CI 0.86–0.93, P = 0.0001). Younger age (age &lt;40, 41–60, 61–70, and 71–80) was associated with improved OS and CSS (all P = 0.0001). Early treatment decade (1973–1985) was associated with diminished OS and CSS on multivariate analysis with HR 1.11 (CI 1.08–1.14, P = 0.0001) and HR 1.12 (CI 1.08–1.16, P = 0.001), respectively. Conclusions: This is the largest reported population analysis of survival outcomes for multiple myeloma. It covers three decades of care in the United States. This study reveals that improved OS and CSS are associated with younger age, female gender, and recent decade of treatment. We believe that survival improvement in recent treatment decades may be due to advances in supportive care and/or earlier diagnosis as the standard treatment for myeloma did not significantly change during this time period. Follow up studies may show dramatic improvements in survival outcomes due to modern myeloma therapies in this decade. No significant financial relationships to disclose. [Table: see text]
간세포암의 진단과 치료 : 간세포암 영상진단의 업데이트
Authors: 이정민
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2006)

간세포암의 진단에 가장 정확한 영상매체가 무엇인지에 관하여서는 많은 논란이 있으나 HCC의 검출에 관한 MR과 MDCT의 비교연구에서 비슷하거나 통계적으로 유의하지 않은 범위에서 MRI가 우월한 경향을 보인다. 삼중 시기 CT 또는 MR기법은 간종괴의 평가에 가장 좋은 진단 방법으로 생각되며, 특히 동맥기영상에서 발견된 고혈관성 종괴의 문맥기 또는 지연기 영상에서의 washout은 간세포암에 비교적 민감하고 특이적 소견이다. 또한, 최근 이용이 증가하고 있는 조영증강 초음파 검사는 CT나 MRI에서 잘 특성화되지 않는 결절의 진단에 도움이 될 수 있다. 이러한 초음파, CT 및 MRI의 역동학적 영상에서 검출되는 저혈관성 종괴의 진단을 위해서는 초음파 유도 하 조직검사를 시행하거나, 세망내피계 조영제와 같은 간 특이조영제를 이용한 MR영상을 이용하는 것이 좋을 것으로 사료된다.
Small noncleaved cell lymphoma in adults: superior results for stages I-III disease.
Authors: T M Lopez, F B Hagemeister, P McLaughlin, W S Velasquez, F Swan, J R Redman, M A Rodriguez, S L Tucker, K Silvermintz, J Johnson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1990)

Small noncleaved cell lymphoma (SNCCL), a rare lymphoma in adults, is associated with not only a rapid complete response (CR) to chemotherapy but also with the potential to rapidly relapse both systemically and in the CNS. We treated 44 assessable adults with two similar protocols, consisting of three sequential chemotherapy combinations and intrathecal prophylaxis with methotrexate and cytarabine. The overall CR rate was 80%; it was 100% in patients with Ann Arbor (AA) stages I-III disease and 57% in those with stage IV disease. The overall survival (OS) rate at 5 years was 52%. The overall 5-year freedom from tumor mortality (FTM) rate was 63%; it was 95% for patients with AA stages I-III disease, and 29% for those with stage IV disease. Stepwise multivariate analysis of factors associated with remission duration and survival indicated that advanced-disease stage and age of 40 years or over were predictors of poor prognosis. Twelve patients with positive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) serology were also included in this series. They had an 83% CR rate and an 83% 5-year FTM, but only a 36% 5-year OS; most deaths were secondary to opportunistic infection. Histologic subtype (Burkitt's lymphoma [BL] or non-Burkitt's lymphoma [NBL]) did not correlate with patient age, site of tumor presentation, response to therapy, or survival. Both protocols achieved comparable results. The approach used in these protocols is highly effective for patients with early staged disease, regardless of their HIV status; however, better therapy is necessary for those with SNCCL presenting in an advanced stage.
Challenging times for occupational medicine
Authors: Richard Heron, Robin Cordell
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Raynal rightly highlights challenging times for occupational medicine.1 However, to parody Mark Twain, “reports of our demise have been greatly exaggerated.”

It is true that there has been a decline in Health and Safety Executive (HSE) resources dedicated to preventing work related ill health. Although some would argue that this mirrors the changing nature of work—away from manufacturing to service industries—exposure to harmful conditions remains …
Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety Are Independently Associated With Clinical Recurrence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Antonina Mikocka-Walus, Valerie Pittet, Jean-Benoît Rossel, Roland von Känel, Claudia Anderegg, Peter Bauerfeind, Christoph Beglinger, Stefan Begré, Dominique Belli, José M. Bengoa, Luc Biedermann, Beat Bigler, Janek Binek, Mirjam Blattmann, Stephan Boehm, Jan Borovicka, Christian P. Braegger, Nora Brunner, Patrick Bühr, Bernard Burnand, Emanuel Burri, Sophie Buyse, Matthias Cremer, Dominique H. Criblez, Philippe de Saussure, Lukas Degen, Joakim Delarive, Christopher Doerig, Barbara Dora, Gian Dorta, Mara Egger, Tobias Ehmann, Ali El-Wafa, Matthias Engelmann, Jessica Ezri, Christian Felley, Markus Fliegner, Nicolas Fournier, Montserrat Fraga, Pascal Frei, Remus Frei, Michael Fried, Florian Froehlich, Christian Funk, Raoul Ivano Furlano, Suzanne Gallot-Lavallée, Martin Geyer, Marc Girardin, Delphine Golay, Tanja Grandinetti, Beat Gysi, Horst Haack, Johannes Haarer, Beat Helbling, Peter Hengstler, Denise Herzog, Cyrill Hess, Klaas Heyland, Thomas Hinterleitner, Philippe Hiroz, Claudia Hirschi, Petr Hruz, Rika Iwata, Res Jost, Pascal Juillerat, Vera Kessler Brondolo, Christina Knellwolf, Christoph Knoblauch, Henrik Köhler, Rebekka Koller, Claudia Krieger-Grübel, Gerd Kullak-Ublick, Patrizia Künzler, Markus Landolt, Rupprecht Lange, Frank Serge Lehmann, Andrew Macpherson, Philippe Maerten, Michel H. Maillard, Christine Manser, Michael Manz, Urs Marbet, George Marx, Christoph Matter, Valérie McLin, Rémy Meier, Martina Mendanova, Christa Meyenberger, Pierre Michetti, Benjamin Misselwitz, Darius Moradpour, Bernhard Morell, Patrick Mosler, Christian Mottet, Christoph Müller, Pascal Müller, Beat Müllhaupt, Claudia Münger-Beyeler, Leilla Musso, Andreas Nagy, Michaela Neagu, Cristina Nichita, Jan Niess, Natacha Noël, Andreas Nydegger, Nicole Obialo, Carl Oneta, Cassandra Oropesa, Ueli Peter, Daniel Peternac, Laetitia Marie Petit, Franziska Piccoli-Gfeller, Julia Beatrice Pilz, Valérie Pittet, Nadia Raschle, Ronald Rentsch, Sophie Restellini, Jean-Pierre Richterich, Sylvia Rihs, Marc Alain Ritz, Jocelyn Roduit, Daniela Rogler, Gerhard Rogler, Jean-Benoît Rossel, Markus Sagmeister, Gaby Saner, Bernhard Sauter, Mikael Sawatzki, Michela Schäppi, Michael Scharl, Martin Schelling, Susanne Schibli, Hugo Schlauri, Sybille Schmid Uebelhart, Jean-François Schnegg, Alain Schoepfer, Frank Seibold, Mariam Seirafi, Gian-Marco Semadeni, David Semela, Arne Senning, Marc Sidler, Christiane Sokollik, Johannes Spalinger, Holger Spangenberger, Philippe Stadler, Michael Steuerwald, Alex Straumann, Bigna Straumann-Funk, Michael Sulz, Joël Thorens, Sarah Tiedemann, Radu Tutuian, Stephan Vavricka, Francesco Viani, Jürg Vögtlin, Roland Von Känel, Alain Vonlaufen, Dominique Vouillamoz, Rachel Vulliamy, Jürg Wermuth, Helene Werner, Paul Wiesel, Reiner Wiest, Tina Wylie, Jonas Zeitz, Dorothee Zimmermann
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2016)
Relationship of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor and epidermal growth factor receptor expression to clinical outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: D. Takahari, Y. Yamada, N. Okita, Y. Hirashima, J. Matsubara, A. Takashima, K. Kato, T. Hamaguchi, K. Shirao, Y. Shimada, T. Shimoda
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

4117 Background: Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and HER2 have been reported to regulate tumor growth by interfering with apoptosis, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. However, the clinical significance of these molecules in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains undetermined. To gain further insight, we evaluated the prognostic implications of these biomarkers in patients with CRC treated with fluoropyrimidines or irinotecan. Methods: The study group comprised 91 patients who underwent surgery at National Cancer Center Hospital and subsequently received fluoropyrimidines as 1st-line chemotherapy for recurrent or residual tumors. The expressions of IGF-1R, EGFR, and HER2 in surgically removed specimens of primary lesions were analyzed immunohistochemically to determine the prognostic significance of these biomarkers. Results: IGF-1R expression (defined as &gt;10% membranous staining) was found in 81 tumors (89%), EGFR in 77 (85%), and HER2 in 3 (3%). IGF-1R expression significantly correlated with EGFR expression (P=0.038). Overexpression (defined as &gt;50% membranous staining) of IGF-1R was found in 48 tumors (53%), EGFR in 57 (63%), and HER2 in 2 (2%). Overexpression of IGF-1R significantly correlated with shorter survival from the start of 1st-line chemotherapy (P=0.032). Overexpression of EGFR was a significant predictive factor for a clinical response to fluoropyrimidines (P=0.037) and tended to correlate with TTP in patients given irinotecan as 2nd-line therapy (P=0.087). A multivariate analysis of potential prognostic factors showed that IGF-1R expression and worse performance status were independent predictors of poor outcomes ( Table ). Conclusions: IGF-1R and EGFR were highly positive in patients with CRC. Overexpression of IGF-1R predicts a poor outcome, and overexpression of EGFR predicts a good clinical response to fluoropyrimidines. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Oral versus intravenous iron replacement therapy distinctly alters the gut microbiota and metabolome in patients with IBD
Authors: Thomas Lee, Thomas Clavel, Kirill Smirnov, Annemarie Schmidt, Ilias Lagkouvardos, Alesia Walker, Marianna Lucio, Bernhard Michalke, Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin, Richard Fedorak, Dirk Haller
Journal: Gut (2016)

<h3>Objective</h3> Iron deficiency is a common complication in patients with IBD and oral iron therapy is suggested to exacerbate IBD symptoms. We performed an open-labelled clinical trial to compare the effects of per oral (PO) versus intravenous (IV) iron replacement therapy (IRT). <h3>Design</h3> The study population included patients with Crohn9s disease (CD; N=31), UC (N=22) and control subjects with iron deficiency (non-inflamed, NI=19). After randomisation, participants received iron sulfate (PO) or iron sucrose (IV) over 3 months. Clinical parameters, faecal bacterial communities and metabolomes were assessed before and after intervention. <h3>Results</h3> Both PO and IV treatments ameliorated iron deficiency, but higher ferritin levels were observed with IV. Changes in disease activity were independent of iron treatment types. Faecal samples in IBD were characterised by marked interindividual differences, lower phylotype richness and proportions of Clostridiales. Metabolite analysis also showed separation of both UC and CD from control anaemic participants. Major shifts in bacterial diversity occurred in approximately half of all participants after IRT, but patients with CD were most susceptible. Despite individual-specific changes in phylotypes due to IRT, PO treatment was associated with decreased abundances of operational taxonomic units assigned to the species <i>Faecalibacterium prausnitzii</i>, <i>Ruminococcus bromii</i>, <i>Dorea</i> sp. and <i>Collinsella aerofaciens</i>. Clear IV-specific and PO-specific fingerprints were evident at the level of metabolomes, with changes affecting cholesterol-derived host substrates. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Shifts in gut bacterial diversity and composition associated with iron treatment are pronounced in IBD participants. Despite similar clinical outcome, oral administration differentially affects bacterial phylotypes and faecal metabolites compared with IV therapy. <h3>Trial registration number</h3> clinicaltrial.gov (NCT01067547).
Abstract 19009: Increased Endogenous C-kit+ Cardiac Stem Cells Diminish Myocardial Infarction Damage in S-nitrosoglutathione Reductase Mice
Authors: Ellena C Paulino, Konstantinos E Hatzistergos, Lauro M Takeuchi, Rosemeire M Kanashiro-Takeuchi, Wayne Balkan, Joshua M Hare
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background. Cardiac tissue has endogenous cardiac stem cells (CSCs), which proliferate after myocardial infarction (MI) to support cardiac repair. As mice deficient in S-nitrosoglutathione reductas...
Pharmacogenetics of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene in Chinese, Malay and Indian populations
Authors: Q. Zhou, C. Kibat, Y. B. Cheung, E. H. Tan, P. Ang, C. Balram
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

3019 Background: EGFR is involved in several signaling pathways and has been implicated in the oncogenesis and progression of several human solid tumors, thereby enticing itself as a suitable target for anticancer treatment. A polymorphism in the (CA)n dinucleotide repeats in intron 1 of the EGFR gene has recently been correlated with EGFR expression, with the expression levels being in inverse proportion to the lengths of the (CA)n dinucleotide repeats. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis if longer (CA)n dinucleotide repeats are more common in the Asian population as postulated by Liu et al(Clin. Cancer Res. 2003) as this might have therapeutic implications with regards to treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Methods: The EGFR intron 1 polymorphism was analysed in three distinct healthy Asian subjects, namely, Chinese (n=96), Malays (n=98) and Indians (n=100). Results:A genotype of 15/16 was the most common amongst the three Asian populations. Short alleles with 15 and 16 repeats were the most common alleles in Asians and their frequencies were significantly higher than those reported for Caucasians. The frequency of allele 20 was 5%, almost 13-fold lower than the findings by Liu et al. Conclusions: Our data show that the frequency of alleles in Asians with different (CA)n dinucleotide repeats differs from the reports by Liu et al. Furthermore, given the association between the (CA)n repeats and EGFR expression, it seems a higher proportion of Asians do overexpress EGFR that might influence their response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Efficacy and toxicity of a low dose regimen of capecitabine and oral vinorelbine
Authors: N. Battelli, R. Giampieri, M. Squadroni, L. Zepponi, R. R. Silva, S. Cascinu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

12013 Background: Several clinical trials have suggested the potential effect of a chemotherapy regimen based on capecitabine and oral vinorelbine as a valuable form of treatment in patients (pts) with metastatic breast cancer. In our study we assessed the efficacy in terms of response rate (RR) and time to progression (TTP) and the most common side effects for PTS treated with capecitabine and oral vinorelbine. Methods: From January 2005 to November 2007 we treated 27 metastatic breast cancer patients with a combination of capecitabine and oral vinorelbine as first line (14 PTS) or subsequent line chemotherapy. Results: Median age: 52 years (29–73). HER2/neu was overexpressed in 4/27 (14%) of the tumors. Median number of cycles with capecitabine was 8 (range 2–12). Median number of cycles with vinorelbine was 7 (range 1–12). Median dose of capecitabine treatment was 800 mg/mq bid per 14 days every 3 weeks. Median dose density of vinorelbine was 40 mg/mq days 1–8 every 3 weeks. Among these 27 patients we achieved 13 partial responses (48%), 11 had stable disease (40%) and 3 progressive disease. Median time to progression was 9.1 months (1.4–18.3). Treatment was well tolerated with only 2 grade 4 hematological toxicities: 1 patient who had grade 4 anemia and another patient who experienced grade 4 neutropenia. There was also a patient who experienced grade 3 trombocytopenia. Among the other toxicities there were 1 third and 1 fourth grade hand-foot syndrome, 1 third grade mucositis, 1 third grade diarrhoea and 1 third grade vomiting. If we consider only the 13 patients who had capecitabine and vinorelbine as second or further line of chemotherapy we had 1 hand-foot syndrome grade 4, 1 trombocytopenia grade 3 and another hand-foot syndrome grade 3. Conclusions: This study, even though retrospective, and with a small number of patients, shows how chemotherapy regimen based on capecitabine (800 mg/mq bid per 14 days) and oral vinorelbine (40 mg/mq day 1–8) can be considered as a regimen with low toxicity and an overall satisfactory efficacy. It also suggests the need of further studies directed to evaluate the optimal dosage of the two drugs in combination. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Corrigendum to “Bloodless surgery in geriatric surgery” [Int. J. Surg. 12 (2014) S82–S85]
Authors: Salvatore Guarino, Filippo Maria Di Matteo, Salvatore Sorrenti, Roberto Greco, Matteo Nardi, Pasqualino Favoriti, Enrico De Antoni, Angelo Filippini, Antonio Catania
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2016)
How good is physician reporting of chemotherapy adverse effects? A comparison to patient-reported symptoms from the QLQ-C30
Authors: E. K. Fromme, K. M. Eilers, M. Mori, Y.-C. Hsieh, T. M. Beer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

8022 Background: Adverse effects in chemotherapy clinical trials are assessed and reported by physicians, yet physicians' accuracy in assessing symptoms has been questioned. We compared patient reporting of 8 symptoms using a validated quality of life instrument, the EORTC QLQ-C30 (QLQ) with a physician's reporting of the same symptoms in the study's adverse events log. Methods: Men with metastatic androgen independent prostate cancer enrolled in a phase II trial of weekly calcitriol and docetaxel completed the QLQ every 4 weeks and saw the treating physician on the same schedule. A patient reported symptom was considered present if the QLQ score increased by at least 10 points (0–100 scale) for at least 4 weeks. A physician reported symptom was considered present if it was ever documented in the adverse event log. Concordance was assessed using Kappa and physician sensitivity and specificity were calculated using QLQ as the standard. Assuming that false positives much less likely than false negatives, imputed incidence was calculated by counting a symptom as new or worsened if it was positive according to either the QLQ or the physician. Results: Thirty-seven men were observed on treatment for up to 28 weeks of chemotherapy for this analysis. Compliance with QLQ questionnaires was 94%, thus 283 QLQs were analyzed. Using QLQ as the standard, the physician missed 50/104 (48%) of symptoms. Conclusions: Even in the context of a tightly controlled single-institution clinical trial and a principal investigator who was aware that his practice was being scrutinized, physician reporting of common chemotherapy adverse events lacked sensitivity and correlated poorly with a validated instrument. Tools for collecting patient-reported adverse event data in chemotherapy clinical trials should be developed. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A prospective and randomised clinical trial of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib mesylate as an initial therapy of advanced pancreatic cancer
Authors: M. Ebert, B. Nitsche, C. Roecken, J. Fahlke, C. Hosius, H. Gschaidmeier, S. Kahl, H. Lippert, P. Malfertheiner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

4151 Background: Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive tumor with a poor prognosis. Recent studies with various chemotherapies in patients suffering from advanced pancreatic cancer have demonstrated only poor results. Gemcitabine is currently the standard systemic therapy of pancreatic cancer, however, its impact on survival in patients with pancreatic cancer is limited. Pancreatic cancers express both PDGF receptors in cancer cells, stromal and endothelial cells, making them potential targets for a specific inhibition by imatinib mesylate [Glivec (G), STI 571]. Methods: 24 patients with non-resectable pancreatic cancer were equally randomised to either gemcitabine treatment (1000 mg/m2, standard protocol) or G (2x400 mg po) daily. Patients suffered from histologically confirmed pancreatic adenocarcinoma and there were no differences in age or stages (only stage III and IV) between the two groups. Expression of PDGF receptor beta and CD117 (KIT) was determined by immunohistochemical analysis of tumor biopsies. Quality of life was assessed with a standard questionnaire. Results: No objective responses were seen in either group. Median survival time in both groups was 12 and 11.2 weeks for gemcitabine and G, respectively and not statistically different. Survival was independent of CD117 and/or PDGF receptor beta expression in patients treated with G. Grade 3/4 toxicities were anemia, elevated liver enzymes, vomiting and dyspnea in patients treated with G. Quality of life was similar in both treatment groups. Patients treated with G reported diarrhoea and/or altered bowel function more frequently, which however were handled symptomatically. Conclusions: In this small group of patients G results were similar to gemcitabine in the treatment of patients with pancreatic cancer. Its oral application makes it an interesting alternative to established chemotherapies, however, prolongation of survival was not observed in either therapy. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Novartis Pharma Germany Novartis Pharma, Nurnberg, Germany