tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Studies on the Nematode Parasite, &lt;italic&gt;Gongylonema Neoplasticum (Spiroptera Neoplasticum)&lt;/italic&gt;, and Avitaminosis a in the Forestomach of Rats: Comparison with Fibiger's Results&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Claude R. Hitchcock, M. D., E. T. Bell, M. D.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1952)

Studies on the Nematode Parasite, Gongylonema Neoplasticum (Spiroptera Neoplasticum), and Avitaminosis a in the Forestomach of Rats: Comparison with Fibiger's Results Get access Claude R. Hitchcock, M. D., Claude R. Hitchcock, M. D. Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minn. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar E. T. Bell, M. D. E. T. Bell, M. D. Departments of Surgery and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minn. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 12, Issue 6, June 1952, Pages 1345–1387, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/12.6.1345 Published: 01 June 1952 Article history Received: 12 March 1952 Published: 01 June 1952
Biosimilar versions of anti-TNF drugs could save NHS money, drug company claims
Authors: Nigel Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2015)

The NHS is missing out on tens of millions of pounds in savings because of its slow take-up of a biosimilar version of infliximab, one distributor of the biosimilar drug has claimed.

After six months, the biosimilar (sold in the United Kingdom under two brand names, Remsima and Inflectra) has gained less than 5% of the market despite offering nearly a 50% cut in price, said Andrew Roberts, director for market access at Napp Pharmaceuticals, which sells Remsima. The NHS spends £184m (€249m; $279m) a year on infliximab (Remicade), so the potential yearly savings could be around £90m if all patients were switched.

The slow uptake of Remsima and Inflectra in the NHS contrasts with Norway, where the biosimilar gained a 20% market share six months …
Phase II study of concurrent S-1/cisplatin and radiation therapy in locally advanced or metastatic esophageal cancer
Authors: S. Cho, H. Shim, J. Ahn, D. Yang, Y. Kim, C. Park, J. Lee, I. Chung, H. Kim
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

14154 Background: Although 5-FU and cisplatin had been widely used as radiosensitizer, the toxicities such as mucositis or bone marrow suppression were problematic. In this study, 5-FU was replaced with S-1. The primary end point of this study was to define the safety and the secondary end point was to evaluate the pathologic response and clinical efficacy as the first line therapy in locally advanced or metastatic esophageal cancer. Methods: Patients with locally advanced or metastatic esophageal cancer without history of previous chemotherapy or radiotherapy were eligible. Cisplatin was given intravenously with 75 mg/m 2 on day 1 every 3 weeks. S-1 was administered at the dose of 80 mg/m 2 /day orally divided two times for 2 weeks followed by 1 week rest. Radiotherapy was started concomittently at day 1, total dose of 5040 cGY for 6 weeks. During radiotherapy, patients received 2 cycles of chemotherapy. Results: From May 2004 to Aug 2005, 33 patients were enrolled into this study. 6 patients were dropped out due to poor compliance (3), economic problem (2) and TEF (1) during treatment. 27 patients were evaluable for response and toxicity. The median age was 66 years (range, 54–82). Clinical response was 77.8% (21 pts) and pathologic response was shown in 29.6% (8 pts). The improvement of dysphagia was shown in 22 patients (81.5%). There were 7 (25.9%) pts with grade 3 neuropenia. Grade 3–4 odynophagia during concurrent chemoradiotherapy was observed only one patient. Conclusions: The concurrent chemoradiotherapy combined with S-1 and cisplatin was well tolerated and effective in advanced esophageal cancer to relieve obstructive symptoms and tumor regression. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Can we predict therapy outcome in patients with high risk soft tissue sarcoma using positron emission tomography?
Authors: B. Kasper, A. Dimitrakopoulou-Strauss, P. Wuchter, G. Egerer, A. D. Ho
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

20511 Background: We used 2-deoxy-2-[ 18 F]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG) studies to evaluate the FDG metabolism kinetics in patients (pts.) with high risk soft tissue sarcomas receiving an induction or neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The treatment effect was assessed with regard to the prediction of therapy outcome. Methods: The ongoing evaluation includes 25 pts. with high grade soft tissue sarcoma with different histologies: 14 pts. received an induction chemotherapy consisting of adriamycin 75 mg/m 2 /day 1 and ifosfamide 1500 mg/m 2 /day 1–4 (AI-G regimen, six cycles) prior to peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, and 11 pts. were treated with pre-operative chemotherapy consisting of etoposide 125 mg/m 2 /day 1+4, ifosfamide 1500 mg/m 2 /day 1–4 and doxorubicin 50 mg/m 2 /day 1 (EIA regimen, 4 cycles). Pts. were examined prior to onset of therapy and after completion of the first cycle of AI-G and after two cycles of EIA chemotherapy, respectively. The restaging data of 21 patients (11 pts with AI-G and 10 patients with EIA treatment) served for reference. Restaging was performed using computed tomography and magnetic resonance tomography after six cycles of AI-G or four cycles of EIA chemotherapy. Results: 21 pts. were evaluable by the time of data evaluation. According to RECIST criteria, clinical outcome was as follows: 3 pts. showed no evidence of disease (NED), 6 partial remissions (PR), 5 stable diseases (SD), and 7 pts. with progressive disease (PD). Due to the small number of pts., we dichotomized the data in pts. with NED/PR (n = 9) and pts. with SD/PD (n = 12). Median average standard uptake value (SUV) prior therapy was 5.4 in comparison to 4.1 after chemotherapy. Median maximum SUV was 8.3 prior to chemotherapy in comparison to 6.6 following therapy. We used discriminant analysis and four predictor variables, namely the average and maximum SUV of both the baseline and the follow-up study to classify the pts. into responders and non-responders. Discriminant analysis revealed a correct classification rate of 70 %. Conclusions: On the basis of these data, prediction of chemo-sensitivity of the tumor and moreover of the therapy outcome might be possible. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
New approaches to cancer prevention—preventive medical examination of patients from the high-risk pre-cancer registry
Authors: A. F. Lazarev, V. D. Petrova, T. V. Sinkina, S. A. Terekhova
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

1546 Background: Such methods of cancer prevention as checkup in rooms for seeing patients’ examination, mass prophylactic examination, screening tests, which are currently in use in Russian Federation, are able to provide detectability of malignancies no more than 0.1%. The research objective was to increase the effectiveness of cancer detection by means of forming of the high-risk pre-cancer registry. Methods: With the help of multivariative analysis the patients with the high risk of malignancies (80–100%) were selected for the high-risk pre-cancer registry. It included patients with obligatory precancerous lesions (531), victims of radiation catastrophes (1024), members of ‘cancer’ families (1833) and patients cured from polyneoplasia (386). All of them were examined, got diagnostic procedures, treatment and rehabilitation according to specially designed schemes. Results: All patients with obligatory precancerous lesions underwent surgery. In 2003–2006 among them there were 23 (4.3%) cases of cancer revealed - 22- in I stage, 1 - in IV stage. In the group of patients from cancer ‘families’ in 2003–2006 69 (3.8%) cases of cancer were revealed - 67 (97.2%) in I and II stages, 2 - in III stage. Among the victims of radiation catastrophes in 2003–2006 there were 28 (2.7%) cases of cancer revealed - 26 (92.8%) in I and II stages, 2 - in III stage. General detectability of cancers among the patients the high-risk pre-cancer registry was 3.2%, the share of early stage (I and II) cancers- 95.9%, cancers in III stage - 4.1%, and there was only 1 case of cancer in IV stage (1.1%) revealed. Besides 65 cases of cancer in situ were detected among the patients of the registry. Conclusions: Preventive medical examination of patients from the high-risk pre-cancer registry makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of detection of precancerous lesions and early cancers. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Adjuvant radiotherapy in carcinomas of the uterine cervix –The prognostic role of hemoglobin levels
Authors: K. Munstedt, P. Johnson, R. Von Georgi, H. Vahrson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

5113 Background: Anemia was found to be an adverse prognostic factor and associated with poorer response to treatment and decreased survival in patients undergoing primary radiotherapy or radiochemotherapy for advanced carcinomas of the uterine cervix. This study was to determine the influence of anemia in the postoperative adjuvant treatment situation. Methods: By chart review a collective of 183 patients who received adjuvant radiotherapy because of risk factors after radical surgery (n=109) or inadequate surgery (simple hysterectomy; n=74) were selected. Hemoglobin levels, measured prior to and during adjuvant radiotherapy were analyzed in relation to local control, disease-free and overall survival using Kaplan-Meier analyses and Cox regression analyses. Results: Hemoglobin levels prior to radiotherapy proved to have significant influence on overall (OS) and recurrence-free survival in the entire collective (OS - Log Rank all patients = 7.5; df = 1; p = 0.006). However, analyses of subgroups with risk factors after radical surgery and inadequate surgery show that the observed difference is mainly due to the second group (OS - Log Rank inadequate surgery = 10.8; df = 1; p = 0.001; DFS- Log rankinadequate surgery = 11.6; df = 1; p < 0.001). Multifactorial analyses using Cox regression analyses confirmed the value of hemoglobin levels in comparison with stage and grading. Local control in the named subgroup was also significantly improved. Conclusions: Normal hemoglobin levels (> 11g/dL) prior to and during adjuvant radiotherapy for carcinomas of the uterine cervix seem to be important especially when patients are treated because of inadvertent simple hysterectomy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 324: δ-Opioid Receptor Activation Modifies Hypoxic Expression of MicroRNAs in the Rat Kidney
Authors: Xiaozhou He, Yilin Yang, Feng Zhi, Meredith L Moore, Xuezhi Kang, Dongman Chao, Rong Wang, Dong H Kim, Ying Xia
Journal: Circulation Research (2012)

Cardiovascular dysfunction often causes blood/oxygen insufficiency in the kidney that is very sensitive to changes in oxygen/blood delivery. Indeed, hypoxic/ischemic kidney stress is a frequent problem in clinical settings. There is, however, no promising strategy for prevention and treatment of such injury. Since recent studies suggest that microRNAs are differentially involved in hypoxic/ischemic events and delta-opioid receptor (DOR) activation increases antioxidant capacity and protects against hypoxic/ischemic injury, we asked if DOR activation regulates microRNA expression in the kidney under hypoxic condition. We isolated microRNAs from normoxic and hypoxic rat kidneys and used the paired microRNAs for microarray analysis. Thirty-one microRNAs were selected for quantitative PCR analysis based on the microarray data. Among them, 14 microRNAs were significantly altered in response to prolonged hypoxia for 1, 5 and 10 days, DOR activation with UFP-512 (1 mg/kg/day, ip, at days 0, 4 and 8) or a combination of both. Our novel data show that 1) DOR activation shifts miRNA expression profiles in normoxic conditions; 2) hypoxia differentially alters the miRNA expression profiles depending on hypoxic durations; and 3) DOR activation modifies hypoxia-induced changes in miRNA expression. For example, 10-day hypoxia reduced the level of miR-212 by &gt;70% (p&lt;0.001), while DOR activation could mimic such reduction even in normoxic kidney. In contrast, the same stress increased miR-29a by &gt;100% (p&lt;0.05), which could be attenuated by DOR activation. These results suggest that hypoxia comprehensively modifies the microRNA profile within the kidney, which can be mimicked or modified by DOR activation. Illumination of their targeted pathways, that regulate hypoxia sensitive transcription factors, antioxidant capacity, erythropoietin, Golgi-trafficking regulator, neurexophilin, ubiquitin-mediated degradation, intracellular trafficking, scaffolding, Wnt signaling, solute channels and ion homeostasis, may provide new insights into the potential therapeutics for hypoxic/ischemic injury of the kidney.
사례보고 : 붕어즙 복용 후 발생한 독성 간염 1예
Authors: 손혜숙 ( Hye Suk Son ), 김길선 ( Guil Sun Kim ), 이승우 ( Seung Woo Lee ), 강상범 ( Sang Bum Kang ), 백종태 ( Jong Tae Back ), 남순우 ( Soon Woo Nam ), 이동수 ( Dong Soo Lee ), 안병민 ( Byung Min Ahn )
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2006)
Abstract 13845: Intramural Delivery of Pitavastatin Using a Novel Composite Drug Delivery System (Nanoparticle and Pulse Wave Infusion Catheter) Attenuates Neointima Formation after Balloon Injury in Porcine Coronary Arteries
Authors: Takeo Yufu, Tetsuya Matoba, Yoshibumi Antoku, Kaku Nakano, Kenji Sunagawa, Kensuke Egashira
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: We recently reported the local intramural delivery and retention of nanoparticle (NP) for 4 weeks into wire-induced injured murine femoral arteries with a 5-minute incubation of NP by t...
Randomized phase III trial comparing induction chemotherapy using cisplatin (P) fluorouracil (F) with or without docetaxel (T) for organ preservation in hypopharynx and larynx cancer. Preliminary results of GORTEC 2000–01
Authors: G. Calais, Y. Pointreau, M. Alfonsi, C. Sire, C. Tuchais, J. Tortochaux, J. Bourhis, S. Guerrif, P. Garaud
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

5506 Background: Induction chemotherapy (CT) with PF followed by RT in case of objective response is an alternative to total laryngectomy (TL) for patients with locally advanced larynx (L) and hypopharynx (H) cancer. Data have suggested that T may add to the efficacy of PF. The objective of this trial was to determine whether the addition of T to PF could increase the L preservation rate. Methods: Patients with L and H cancer for whom surgical procedure required TL were randomized to receive PF or TPF. Inclusion criteria were: adequate organ function, WHO PS 0 or 1, age from 18 to 70, signed informed consent. Treatment arms were PF = P 100 mg/m 2 /d1 and F: 1000 mg/m 2 continuous infusion (CI) d1 to 5, TPF = T: 75 mg/m 2 /d1, P: 75mg/m 2 /d1 and F: 750mg/m 2 CI d1 to 5 for 3 cycles with 21 days interval. Patients with complete or partial response and who recovered normal L mobility received RT to 70 Gy. Non responders underwent TL followed by RT. The primary endpoint was 3-year larynx preservation rate. To detect an absolute difference of 15% the sample size was 210. Results: 220 patients were randomized (108 to PF, 112 to TPF). Patients characteristics (age, sex, PS, primary site, TN) were well balanced. The TPF arm showed greater grade 3–4 alopecia (19% vs 2%) and neutropenia (57% vs 35%) while the PF arm showed greater grade 3–4 mucositis (9% vs 4%) and febrile neutropenia (6% vs 2%).Compliance to CT was better in the TPF. The specified treatment was delivered in 81.2% of patients in the TPF vs 67.4%. The overall response rate (T and N) was 82.8% in the TPF vs 60.8% (p = 0.0013). 60.6% of patients achieved a complete endoscopic response vs 46.7%. L preservation was offered for 80% of patients in the TPF vs 57.6%. A high hemoglobin level (&gt;14 gr/l) and a compliance to treatment &gt;80% are associated with a better response rate. With a median follow up of 35 months the 3-year actuarial L preservation rate is 73% following TPF vs 63% using the PF regimen. Conclusion: In advanced L and H cancer, TPF demonstrated significantly superior overall response rate compared to the PF regimen. The TPF is better tolerated and preliminary results suggest that L preservation could be achieved for a higher proportion of patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Short report: Bi-weekly 2-day schedule of high-dose folinic acid, 5-fluorouracil bolus and infusion in pretreated advanced epithelial ovarian cancer: A phase II study
Authors: C. Louvet, A. de Gramont, B. Demuynck, C. Varette, K. Beerblock, M. Bennamoun, M. Krulik
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1992)
Recombinant tumor necrosis factor for superficial bladder tumors
Authors: C.N. Sternberg, M.G. Arena, V. Pansadoro, F. Calabresi, I. D’Agnano, P. De Carli, M. Zeuli, A. Cancrini, F. Rosenkaimer, G. Zupi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1992)
Hypercalcemia and Richter Syndrome of CLL
Authors: D. W. Spell, J. E. Walker, C. L. Bueno
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

6729 Background: Hypercalcemia is occasionally seen with the lymphoproliferative disorders. However, severe hypercalcemia has not been reported with a Richter transformation of CLL. Methods: Case Report Results: A 51-year-old African-American woman with stage IV CLL diagnosed in 2001 was initiated on weekly rituximab in February 2003 due to worsening lymphadenopathy, anemia and thrombocytopenia. Upon follow-up four weeks later, the patient's blood counts had not improved and she required red blood cell transfusions. Soon thereafter, the patient presented to the emergency department with mental status changes attributed to a corrected calcium level of 19.7 mg/dL. Additional pertinent laboratory values were (normal ranges included): LDH of 286 U/L (<201 U/L), β2-microglobulin of 6.7 mg/L (1.0–1.7 mg/L), intact PTH of 12 pg/mL (8–97 pg/mL), PTH-rP of 1.2 pmol/L (<1.3 pmol/L) and calcitriol of <5.0 pg/mL (15.9–55.6 pg/mL). The patient was initially treated with normal saline, calcitonin and pamidronate. Bone marrow aspirate and biopsy revealed nearly 100% cellularity with a prominent immature cell type. The diagnosis of Richter syndrome was confirmed pathologically and the patient was started on salvage chemotherapy. Although the hypercalcemia responded appropriately, the patient's underlying disease progressed rapidly. The patient ultimately decided on hospice care. Conclusions: Proposed mechanisms for hypercalcemia in patients with CLL include concurrent primary hyperparathyroidism, secondary hyperparathyroidism related to tumor production of either calcitriol or parathyroid hormone-related peptide, or secondary osteolysis by an osteoclast activating factor such as TNF-α. Hypercalcemia is usually associated with primary hyperparathyroidism in early stage CLL and with an osteolytic process in advanced CLL. In our patient, the hypercalcemia was not the result of a primary or secondary hyperparathyroid state given the aforementioned laboratory values. Secondary osteolysis is also supported in our patient given the nature of bony involvement. To our knowledge, this degree of hypercalcemia has not been previously reported with a Richter syndrome of CLL. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Cellular actions of thiazide diuretics in the distal tubule.
Authors: B A Stanton
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1990)

Thiazide diuretics inhibit electroneutral NaCl reabsorption across the distal tubule of the salamander, Amphiuma, and hyperpolarize the basolateral membrane voltage (Vbl) of distal tubule cells. The objective of this study was to determine whether thiazides hyperpolarize Vbl by reducing intracellular Cl- activity (Acl). To this end, distal tubules were perfused in vitro, and electrophysiological techniques were used to measure Acl and Vbl. Hydrochlorothiazide in tubular fluid reduced ACl from 17.0 to 12.6 mM and hyperpolarized Vbl by 16 mV. Reduction of Cl- in tubular fluid from 84 to 8 mM also decreased Acl from 16.1 to 9.9 mM and hyperpolarized Vbl by 12 mV. Because a previous study suggested that electroneutral NaCl reabsorption is mediated by Na+/H(+)-Cl-/HCO3- exchangers in the apical membrane, the Cl-/HCO3- exchange inhibitor, 4,4-diisothiocyanostilbene-2-2-disulphonic acid (DIDS) was added to tubule fluid. DIDS reduced Acl from 15.0 to 11.6 and hyperpolarized Vbl by 10 mV. DIDS and hydrochlorothiazide were not additive, inhibition of Na+/H+ exchange by amiloride (10(-3) M) and Na+ replacement with N-methyl-D-glucamine also reduced Acl from 17.4 to 12.9 and hyperpolarized Vbl by 16 mV. The hyperpolarization of Vbl in each experiment is referable to the fall in Acl. These data show that thiazide diuretics regulate ACl and that the hyperpolarization of Vbl is referable to the thiazide-induced reduction of Acl.
A Cross-Disorder Method to Identify Novel Candidate Genes for Developmental Brain Disorders
Authors: Andrea J. Gonzalez-Mantilla, Andres Moreno-De-Luca, David H. Ledbetter, Christa Lese Martin
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2016)

Developmental brain disorders are a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders characterized by high heritability. Specific highly penetrant genetic causes can often be shared by a subset of individuals with different phenotypic features, and recent advances in genome sequencing have allowed the rapid and cost-effective identification of many of these pathogenic variants.
New induction of leukotriene A4 hydrolase by interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes
Authors: Masafumi Zaitsu, Yuhei Hamasaki, Muneaki Matsuo, Akiko Kukita, Kosuke Tsuji, Michiko Miyazaki, Rika Hayasaki, Eriko Muro, Shuichi Yamamoto, Ikuko Kobayashi, Tomohiro Ichimaru, Osamu Kohashi, Sumio Miyazaki
Journal: Blood (2000)
Systemic Therapy for Metastatic or Recurrent Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck
Authors: A. Dimitrios Colevas
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2015)

This article summarizes the systemic treatment options for patients with recurrent and/or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, with an emphasis on recommendations based on phase II and III comparison trials of commercially available agents. Many single-agent and combination regimens have activity against these cancers, but improvement in overall survival remains a challenge, and median survivals in this population with best available therapy remain less than 1 year. The major recent advancement has been the introduction of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors, with mixed success. Although single-agent treatment with methotrexate, paclitaxel, docetaxel, or 5-fluorouracil remains one standard for many patients, the use of cisplatin- or carboplatin-based multidrug regimens that include cetuximab has become more popular, primarily based on one randomized study demonstrating a modest survival improvement of approximately 3 months associated with the addition of cetuximab. The burdensome adverse event profile of multidrug regimens makes appropriate patient selection for such aggressive treatment challenging, and consideration should include factors such as need for palliation, performance status of the patients, history of prior treatment, convenience, and cost. Genetically targeted and immunologically mediated treatments are promising but remain experimental. Given the worrisome prognosis for these patients, innovative clinical trials are a good option for many patients and deserve support.