tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
American Society of Clinical Oncology Endorsement of the Cancer Care Ontario Practice Guideline on Nonhormonal Therapy for Men With Metastatic Hormone-Refractory (castration-resistant) Prostate Cancer
Authors: Ethan M. Basch, Mark R. Somerfield, Tomasz M. Beer, Michael A. Carducci, Celestia S. Higano, Maha H.A. Hussain, Howard I. Scher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

PURPOSE In 2006, the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Board of Directors (BOD) approved a policy and a set of procedures for endorsing clinical practice guidelines that have been developed by other professional organizations. METHODS The Cancer Care Ontario (CCO) Guideline on Non-Hormonal Therapy for Men With Metastatic Hormone-Refractory Prostate Cancer (HRPC) was reviewed for developmental rigor by methodologists. An ad hoc prostate cancer guideline review panel consisting of prostate cancer experts reviewed the content. Results The ASCO ad hoc prostate cancer guideline review panel concurred that the recommendations are clear, thorough, based on the most relevant scientific evidence in this content area, and present options that will be acceptable to patients. The CCO guideline was subsequently endorsed by the ASCO BOD. The guideline recommends the use of docetaxel, prednisone/hydrocortisone, and/or mitoxantrone in specific settings. Docetaxel-based chemotherapy is the only treatment that has demonstrated an overall survival benefit in men with HRPC. The use of estramustine in combination with other cytotoxic agents is not recommended. Continued gonadal androgen suppression and discontinuance of antiandrogens is recommended for men receiving chemotherapy. CONCLUSION The review panel agreed with the recommendations as stated in the CCO guideline, with the following qualifications: two of the ASCO content reviewers noted the importance of considering other, nonhormonal therapies in this context that are beyond the scope of this guideline. The review panel notes that CCO has published separate guidelines on radiopharmaceuticals and bisphosphonates in men with castration-resistant (ie, hormone-refractory) metastatic prostate cancer.
STUDIES ON THE BIOLOGY OF STREPTOCOCCUS
Authors: A. R. Dochez, O. T. Avery, R. C. Lancefield
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1919)

1. Immunological differences have been shown to exist between strains of Streptococcus hoemolyticus of the human type. 2. Four biological types have been identified by means of the reactions of agglutination and protection. 3. At least two other types have been encountered and the indications are that more exist.
Meta-analyses identify 13 loci associated with age at menopause and highlight DNA repair and immune pathways
Authors: Lisette Stolk, John R B Perry, Daniel I Chasman, Chunyan He, Massimo Mangino, Patrick Sulem, Maja Barbalic, Linda Broer, Enda M Byrne, Florian Ernst, Tõnu Esko, Nora Franceschini, Daniel F Gudbjartsson, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Peter Kraft, Patrick F McArdle, Eleonora Porcu, So-Youn Shin, Albert V Smith, Sophie van Wingerden, Guangju Zhai, Wei V Zhuang, Eva Albrecht, Behrooz Z Alizadeh, Thor Aspelund, Stefania Bandinelli, Lovorka Barac Lauc, Jacques S Beckmann, Mladen Boban, Eric Boerwinkle, Frank J Broekmans, Andrea Burri, Harry Campbell, Stephen J Chanock, Constance Chen, Marilyn C Cornelis, Tanguy Corre, Andrea D Coviello, Pio d'Adamo, Gail Davies, Ulf de Faire, Eco J C de Geus, Ian J Deary, George V Z Dedoussis, Panagiotis Deloukas, Shah Ebrahim, Gudny Eiriksdottir, Valur Emilsson, Johan G Eriksson, Bart C J M Fauser, Liana Ferreli, Luigi Ferrucci, Krista Fischer, Aaron R Folsom, Melissa E Garcia, Paolo Gasparini, Christian Gieger, Nicole Glazer, Diederick E Grobbee, Per Hall, Toomas Haller, Susan E Hankinson, Merli Hass, Caroline Hayward, Andrew C Heath, Albert Hofman, Erik Ingelsson, A Cecile J W Janssens, Andrew D Johnson, David Karasik, Sharon L R Kardia, Jules Keyzer, Douglas P Kiel, Ivana Kolcic, Zoltán Kutalik, Jari Lahti, Sandra Lai, Triin Laisk, Joop S E Laven, Debbie A Lawlor, Jianjun Liu, Lorna M Lopez, Yvonne V Louwers, Patrik K E Magnusson, Mara Marongiu, Nicholas G Martin, Irena Martinovic Klaric, Corrado Masciullo, Barbara McKnight, Sarah E Medland, David Melzer, Vincent Mooser, Pau Navarro, Anne B Newman, Dale R Nyholt, N Charlotte Onland-Moret, Aarno Palotie, Guillaume Paré, Alex N Parker, Nancy L Pedersen, Petra H M Peeters, Giorgio Pistis, Andrew S Plump, Ozren Polasek, Victor J M Pop, Bruce M Psaty, Katri Räikkönen, Emil Rehnberg, Jerome I Rotter, Igor Rudan, Cinzia Sala, Andres Salumets, Angelo Scuteri, Andrew Singleton, Jennifer A Smith, Harold Snieder, Nicole Soranzo, Simon N Stacey, John M Starr, Maria G Stathopoulou, Kathleen Stirrups, Ronald P Stolk, Unnur Styrkarsdottir, Yan V Sun, Albert Tenesa, Barbara Thorand, Daniela Toniolo, Laufey Tryggvadottir, Kim Tsui, Sheila Ulivi, Rob M van Dam, Yvonne T van der Schouw, Carla H van Gils, Peter van Nierop, Jacqueline M Vink, Peter M Visscher, Marlies Voorhuis, Gérard Waeber, Henri Wallaschofski, H Erich Wichmann, Elisabeth Widen, Colette J M Wijnands-van Gent, Gonneke Willemsen, James F Wilson, Bruce H R Wolffenbuttel, Alan F Wright, Laura M Yerges-Armstrong, Tatijana Zemunik, Lina Zgaga, M Carola Zillikens, Marek Zygmunt, The LifeLines Cohort Study, Alice M Arnold, Dorret I Boomsma, Julie E Buring, Laura Crisponi, Ellen W Demerath, Vilmundur Gudnason, Tamara B Harris, Frank B Hu, David J Hunter, Lenore J Launer, Andres Metspalu, Grant W Montgomery, Ben A Oostra, Paul M Ridker, Serena Sanna, David Schlessinger, Tim D Spector, Kari Stefansson, Elizabeth A Streeten, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Manuela Uda, André G Uitterlinden, Cornelia M van Duijn, Henry Völzke, Anna Murray, Joanne M Murabito, Jenny A Visser, Kathryn L Lunetta
Journal: Nature Genetics (2012)
Distinct methylated profiles in Helicobacter pylori dependent and independent gastric MALT lymphomas
Authors: Y Kaneko
Journal: Gut (2003)

Gastric mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas are clinically subdivided into Helicobacter pylori dependent and independent, according to H. pylori infection and the therapeutic course. In previous reports it has been suggested that H. pylori independent cases develop from H. pylori dependent cases, and sometimes transform into high grade diffuse large B cell lymphomas (DLBCLs).To better understand the pathogenesis of H. pylori dependent and independent MALT lymphomas, we analysed the methylation profiles of eight independent CpG islands, including p15, p16, p73, hMLH1, death associated protein kinase, MINT1, MINT2, and MINT31 in H. pylori dependent and independent MALT lymphomas, DLBCLs, and H. pylori associated chronic gastritis.We first confirmed that H. pylori independent cases had a high incidence of t(11;18)(q21;q21) (4/8 cases) and aberrant BCL10 expression (7/8 cases) compared with H. pylori dependent cases and gastric DLBCLs. In the methylation pattern study, all 13 H. pylori dependent MALT lymphomas had more than four methylated loci while H. pylori independent cases had less than two. According to the previous criterion, all H. pylori dependent MALT lymphomas (13/13, 100%) and five of 10 (50%) DLBCLs were classified as CpG island methylator phenotype positive (CIMP+). In contrast, all H. pylori independent MALT lymphomas were CIMP-.The distinct methylation pattern together with lack of chromosomal translocation in H. pylori dependent MALT lymphomas suggest that H. pylori dependent and independent MALT lymphomas have a different pathogenesis.
Management of viral hepatitis in liver transplant recipients
Authors: Soung Won Jeong, YoungRok Choi, Jin-Wook Kim
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2014)

Recurrence of viral hepatitis after liver transplantation (LT) can progress to graft failure and lead to a decrease in long-term survival. Recently, there have been remarkable improvement in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) using potent antiviral agents. Combination of hepatitis B immunoglobulin and potent antiviral therapy has brought marked advances in the management of CHB for liver transplant recipients. Post-transplant antiviral therapy for hepatitis C virus infection is generally reserved for patients showing progressive disease. Acheiving a sustained virological response in patients with LT greatly ameliorates graft and overall survival, however this only occurs in 30% of transplant recipient using pegylated interferon and ribavirin (RBV). Direct acting antivirals such as protease inhibitors, polymerase or other non-structural proteins inhibitors are anticipated to establish the new standard of care for transplant recipients. In liver transplant recipients, hepatitis E virus infection is an uncommon disease. However, it can lead to chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis and may require retransplantation. Recently, 3-month course of RBV monotherapy has been reported as an effective treatment. This review focuses on the recent management and therapeutic approaches of viral hepatitis in liver transplant recipient. Keywords: Liver transplantation; Viral hepatitis; Recurrence; Management; Antiviral therapy
Enhancer-Dependent Splicing of <b> <i>FGFR1</i> </b> α-Exon Is Repressed by RNA Interference-Mediated Down-Regulation of SRp55
Authors: Wei Jin, Gilbert J. Cote
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract The FGFR1 gene transcript is alternatively processed to produce functionally different receptor forms. Previously, we identified a 69-nucleotide exonic splicing enhancer (ESE) required for α-exon inclusion in JEG3 cells. In the present study, we found that this sequence is composed of three independent elements, two smaller ESE sequences flanking an exonic splicing silencer sequence. Ultraviolet cross-linking and immunoprecipitation identified ESE-specific binding of the splicing regulator SRp55. A RNA interference-mediated decrease in SRp55 confirmed the significance of this interaction. There was a 6- to 14-fold decrease in exon inclusion on ablation of SRp55. In SNB19 glioblastoma cells, which normally skip this exon, SRp55 was also demonstrated to play a role in exon inclusion after the removal of intronic splicing silencer sequences. These observations indicate that SRp55 plays a major role in maintaining normal FGFR1 α-exon inclusion, which is subject to dominant intronic splicing silencer-mediated and exonic splicing silencer-mediated inhibition in SNB19 cells.
Engraftment of human nasal olfactory stem cells restores neuroplasticity in mice with hippocampal lesions
Authors: Emmanuel Nivet, Michel Vignes, Stéphane D. Girard, Caroline Pierrisnard, Nathalie Baril, Arnaud Devèze, Jacques Magnan, Fabien Lanté, Michel Khrestchatisky, François Féron, François S. Roman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2011)

Stem cell-based therapy has been proposed as a potential means of treatment for a variety of brain disorders. Because ethical and technical issues have so far limited the clinical translation of research using embryonic/fetal cells and neural tissue, respectively, the search for alternative sources of therapeutic stem cells remains ongoing. Here, we report that upon transplantation into mice with chemically induced hippocampal lesions, human olfactory ecto-mesenchymal stem cells (OE-MSCs) - adult stem cells from human nasal olfactory lamina propria - migrated toward the sites of neural damage, where they differentiated into neurons. Additionally, transplanted OE-MSCs stimulated endogenous neurogenesis, restored synaptic transmission, and enhanced long-term potentiation. Mice that received transplanted OE-MSCs exhibited restoration of learning and memory on behavioral tests compared with lesioned, nontransplanted control mice. Similar results were obtained when OE-MSCs were injected into the cerebrospinal fluid. These data show that OE-MSCs can induce neurogenesis and contribute to restoration of hippocampal neuronal networks via trophic actions. They provide evidence that human olfactory tissue is a conceivable source of nervous system replacement cells. This stem cell subtype may be useful for a broad range of stem cell-related studies.
Progressive familial intrahepatic cholesstasis: mutation analysis and evidence for a third locus
Authors: S.S. Strautnieks, J. Byrne, E. Soler, A. Knisely, L. Bull, I. Jankowska, J. Pawlowska, N. Freimer, E. Sokal, G. Mieli-Vergani, R. Thompson
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2001)
Basis for the Differential Action of Aminonucleoside on Normal and Transformed Human Fibroblasts&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Ernest A. Albanese, George P. Studzinski
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

Acid-soluble extracts of normal human fibroblasts (IMR 90 cells) exposed to [3H]aminonucleoside of puromycin ([3H]AMS) contained larger amounts of unchanged AMS than did similar extracts of their transformed counterparts (AG 2804 cells). The radioactive compounds present in IMR 90 cells were further analyzed by sequential high-voltage paper electrophoresis. enzyme digestion. and paper chromatography. In addition to unchanged [3H]AMS, only [3H]adenosine, [3H]inosine, and [3H]adenosine monophosphate could be detected, apparently derived from [3H]adenosine present in the [3H]AMS samples added to the cultures. Consistent with the absence of metabolism of AMS in IMR 90 cells was the failure to find AMS derivatives in the RNA or DNA of these cells. The content of ribonucleoside triphosphates (rNTPs) in acid-soluble extracts of IMR 90 cells was significantly reduced by AMS treatment, and nuclei or broken cell preparations obtained from AMS-treated IMR 90 cells incorporated [3H]UTP into macromolecules at approximately control rates, when supplemented with rNTPs. These findings indicated that the reduced level of rNTPs may be responsible for the AMS-induced inhibition of RNA synthesis in normal cells.
Evidence for Ca <sup>2+</sup> Activation and Inactivation Sites on the Luminal Side of the Cardiac Ryanodine Receptor Complex
Authors: Li Lien Ching, Alan J. Williams, Rebecca Sitsapesan
Journal: Circulation Research (2000)

Abstract —We have used tryptic digestion to determine whether Ca 2+ can regulate cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR) channel gating from within the lumen of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) or whether Ca 2+ must first flow through the channel and act via cytosolically located binding sites. Cardiac RyRs were incorporated into bilayers, and trypsin was applied to the luminal side of the bilayer. We found that before exposure to luminal trypsin, the open probability of RyR was increased by raising the luminal [Ca 2+ ] from 10 μmol/L to 1 mmol/L, whereas after luminal trypsin exposure, increasing the luminal [Ca 2+ ] reduced the open probability. The modification in the response of RyRs to luminal Ca 2+ was not observed with heat-inactivated trypsin, indicating that digestion of luminal sites on the RyR channel complex was responsible. Our results provide strong evidence for the presence of luminally located Ca 2+ activation and inhibition sites and indicate that trypsin digestion leads to selective damage to luminal Ca 2+ activation sites without affecting luminal Ca 2+ inactivation sites. We suggest that changes in luminal [Ca 2+ ] will be able to regulate RyR channel gating from within the SR lumen, therefore providing a second Ca 2+ -regulatory effect on RyR channel gating in addition to that of cytosolic Ca 2+ . This luminal Ca 2+ -regulatory mechanism is likely to be an important contributing factor in the potentiation of SR Ca 2+ release that is observed in cardiac cells in response to increases in intra-SR [Ca 2+ ].
Defining the Scope of Casey and Salzman's Application of the Rule of Double Effect to the Therapeutic and Prophylactic Uses of Combined Oral Contraceptives
Authors: Patrick M. Clark
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2014)

Casey and Salzmann’s application of the Rule of Double Effect (RDE) to the therapeutic and prophylactic uses of combined oral contraceptives (COC) has a limited sphere of influence. Its use is confined to communities that possess a certain degree of consensus about the approval and disproval of certain acts. This article discusses why it is important to identify the community or communities to whom Casey and Salzman’s (2014) arguments are directed and for whom their conclusions are intended. Furthermore two questions arise in response to Carey and Salzmann’s conclusion: Does RDE function identically with respect to both the therapeutic and prophylactic uses of COC? And second does the appeal to RDE function identically with respect to both prescribers and users of COC?
Circulating factor VIII immune complexes in patients with type 2 acquired hemophilia A and protection from activated protein C–mediated proteolysis
Authors: Keiji Nogami, Midori Shima, John C. Giddings, Kazuya Hosokawa, Masanori Nagata, Seiki Kamisue, Hiroshi Suzuki, Masaru Shibata, Evgueni L. Saenko, Ichiro Tanaka, Akira Yoshioka
Journal: Blood (2001)
Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of fluoxetine in chronic fatigue syndrome
Authors: J.H.M.M Vercoulen, M.P.E Hoofs, G Bleijenberg, C.M.A Swanink, S.G.S Vreden, J.F.M Fennis, J.W.M van der Meer, J.M.D Galama, F.G Zitman
Journal: The Lancet (1996)
Response to Letter Regarding Article, “Platelet Expression Profiling and Clinical Validation of Myeloid-Related Protein-14 as a Novel Determinant of Cardiovascular Events”
Authors: Aileen M. Healy, Michael D. Pickard, Andrew I. Damokosh, Tracy L. Dowie, Louis Poisson, James Lillie, Aruna D. Pradhan, Peter Libby, Paul M Ridker, Yunmei Wang, Zhiping Chen, Kevin Croce, Masashi Sakuma, Can Shi, Alexandre C. Zago, Daniel I. Simon, Joseph Garasic
Journal: Circulation (2007)
PCR-Detectable Nonneoplastic <i>Bcl-2</i>/<i>IgH</i> Rearrangements Are Common in Normal Subjects and Cancer Patients at Diagnosis but Rare in Subjects Treated With Chemotherapy
Authors: Marco Ladetto, Daniela Drandi, Mara Compagno, Monica Astolfi, Federica Volpato, Claudia Voena, Anna Novarino, Berardino Pollio, Alfredo Addeo, Irene Ricca, Patrizia Falco, Federica Cavallo, Sonia Vallet, Paolo Corradini, Alessandro Pileri, Giacomo Tamponi, Antonio Palumbo, Oscar Bertetto, Mario Boccadoro, Corrado Tarella
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

To assess whether nonneoplastic Bcl-2/IgH rearrangements act as a confounding factor in the setting of minimal residual disease analysis by evaluating their incidence in a panel of lymphoma-free subjects, including cancer-free donors and chemotherapy-naive and chemotherapy-treated cancer patients.A total of 501 nonlymphoma subjects have been assessed: 258 cancer-free patients and 243 patients with malignancies other than lymphoma, 112 of whom were chemotherapy-naive. Patients were primarily assessed by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR), followed by real-time quantitative PCR if they scored positive. In addition, six initially PCR-positive cancer-free donors were prospectively reassessed by qualitative and quantitative PCR after 30 and 60 days.The overall incidence of Bcl-2/IgH positivity was 9.6%, with a median number of 11 rearrangements per 1,000,000 diploid genomes (range, 0 to 2,845 rearrangements), as assessed by real-time PCR. The incidence was similar in healthy subjects and cancer patients at diagnosis (12% and 12.5%; P = not significant). In contrast, the incidence of this translocation was only 2.3% in chemotherapy-treated patients (P <.001). In addition, three initially PCR-positive cancer-free donors showed persistence of their rearrangements when assessed after 30 and 60 days.The low incidence of nonneoplastic Bcl-2/IgH rearrangements following chemotherapy provides further evidence of the prognostic role of persistent PCR-positivity in the posttreatment molecular follow-up of follicular lymphoma patients.
Screening for Prostate Cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement
Authors: Virginia A. Moyer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

Description: Update of the 2008 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation statement on screening for prostate cancer. Methods: The USPSTF reviewed new evidence on the benefits and harms of prostate-specific antigen (PSA)–based screening for prostate cancer, as well as the benefits and harms of treatment of localized prostate cancer. Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends against PSA-based screening for prostate cancer (grade D recommendation). This recommendation applies to men in the general U.S. population, regardless of age. This recommendation does not include the use of the PSA test for surveillance after diagnosis or treatment of prostate cancer; the use of the PSA test for this indication is outside the scope of the USPSTF.
HT1080/DR4: A P-Glycoprotein-Negative Human Fibrosarcoma Cell Line Exhibiting Resistance to Topoisomerase II-Reactive Drugs Despite the Presence of a Drug-Sensitive Topoisomerase II
Authors: L. A. Zwelling, M. L. Slovak, J. H. Doroshow, M. Hinds, D. Chan, E. Parker, J. Mayes, K. L. Sie, P. S. Meltzer, J. M. Trent
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

HT1080/DR4 (DR4) is a doxorubicin-resistant human fibrosarcma line that exhibits 150-fold cross-resistance to etoposide but does not overexpress P-glycoprotein (one mechanism of multiple drug resistance). We examined anothe possible of multiple drug resistance). We examined another possible mechanism that could explain resistance to bothe doxorubicin and etoposide: a quantitative or qualitative alteration in topoisomerase II, the putative nuclear target of these agents. The amount of immunoreactive topoisomerase II present in whole-cell Iysates and nuclear extracts was three- to 10-fold lower in DRA than in HT1080 cells. However the topoisomerase II in nuclear extracts from both lines was sensitive to the effects of amascrine (AMSA) and etoposide. Following treatment with AMSA, etoposide, and 5-iminodaunorubicin, topoisomerase II-mediated DNA cleavage in DRA cells and nuclei was reduced compared with cleavage in HT1080 parent cells and nuclei. The difference between the Ht1080 and DR4 lines in AMSA-and 5-iminodaunorubicin-induced cleavage was similar in cells and nuclei and could be due to the lower amount of DR4 topoisomerase II. By contrast, the difference between the HT1080 and DR4 lines in etoposideinduced DNA cleavage was much greater in cells than in nuclei. This finding suggested that cytosolic factors, removed from isolated nuclei, could influence the susceptibility of intact cells to the cyotoxic and DNA-cleaving actions of etoposide. The specific activities of several against free-radical damage that may be produced by doxorubicin or etoposide, were significantly differences may constitute an additional mechanism of resistance. Regardless, the magnitude of the resistance of DR4 to doxorubicin and etoposide cannot be explained solely on the basis of a topoisomerase II-related mechanism.[J Natl Cancer Inst 82:1553–1561, 1990]