tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Affinity Labels for Opioid Receptors
Authors: A E Takemori, P S Portoghese
Journal: The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology (1985)

The concept of multiple opioid receptors and multiple modes of interaction with a single receptor emanated from two convergent lines of research. This proposal was based originally on a detailed analysis of a wide spectrum of structure-activity relationships among analgesic ligands (1, 2). Very soon, pharmacological studies complemented and provided a more detailed framework for this concept (3-5). More recently, the multiple receptor concept has been advanced through a number of in vitro and in vivo biological assays and the opioid receptor binding assay. Data from such studies have been summarized in a number of reviews (6-13). Based on a wide range of pharmacological tests in the chronic spinal dog, Martin and coworkers (14, 15) suggested the designation 1-'-, K, or IT for those receptors at which morphine, ketazocine, and SKF 10,047 (N-allyl­ normetazocine) respectively are postulated to interact. The notion of different receptors for morphine-like and ketazocineor nalorphine-like compounds has been strengthened by the use of the pA2 concept (16) both in vitro (17-19) and in vivo (5) and by various other testing methods in vivo (20-22). The 8 and E receptor through which the enkephalins and l3-endorphin respectively are thought to mediate their effects have been identified in vitro (19,23,24). Thea receptor in vivo has been implicated in a number of physiological functions
Minimally invasive or interventional repair of atrial septal defects in children: experience in 171 cases and comparison with conventional strategies
Authors: Roberto Formigari, Roberto M Di Donato, Ennio Mazzera, Adriano Carotti, Gabriele Rinelli, Francesco Parisi, Luciano Pasquini, Luigi Ballerini
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
HERPES ZOSTER FOLLOWING LUMBAR PUNCTURE
Authors: H. R. Carter
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1937)

The case of a white adult male suffering from herpes zoster following lumbar puncture is reported. The herpetic eruption developed eight days following the trauma of lumbar puncture. The herpes zoster cleared up completely after one week of described treatment. An explanation of the neurological basis of the herpes zoster has been submitted. This is a rare condition considering the millions of lumbar punctures routinely done, in which no mention has ever been made of such an occurrence.
Simultaneous administration of live measles virus vaccine and smallpox vaccine.
Authors: P. M. Sherman, R. G. Hendrickse, D. Montefiore, T. Peradze, G. Coker
Journal: BMJ (1967)

The study was undertaken at Ipetu Ijesha, a town of some 43,000 to 47,000 persons, situated about 97 miles (156 km.) from Ibadan, in the Western Provinces of Nigeria.Healthy children between the ages of 6 months and 3 years who had had neither measles nor smallpox vaccination
Outbreak of autoimmune disease in a silicosis cluster linked to high-silica content artificial stone
Authors: Osnat Shtraicman, Paul Blanc, Jacob Ollech, Lodmila Fridel, Leonardo Fuks, Elizabeth Fireman, David Shitrit, Mordechai Kramer
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Objective: Due to a outbreak of silica-related autoimmune disease in synthetic stone construction, we found an opportunity to characterize the rheumatologic complications in silicosis within these highly exposed patients.  Methods: We reviewed data from all cases of silicosis due to synthetic stone dust referred for lung transplant assessment. In addition to silicosis-specific data, we extracted data relevant to the manifestations of autoimmune diseases in these patients.  Results: Of 40 patients in our silicosis cohort, we identified nine (22.5%) with findings consistent with various autoimmune disease. Among these nine, three also had findings suggestive of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. Based on an expected autoimmune disease prevalence of 3% ( European international data), the proportion of disease in our group represents a more than seven-fold excess (prevalence ratio [PR] 7.5; 99% CI 2.6 to 16.7).  ,  Conclusions:These cases underscore the strong link between silicosis and multiple distinct syndromes of autoimmune diseases. Vigilance is warranted for the recognition of auto-immune complications in persons with known silicosis.
Relationship between insulin-mediated glucose disposal and lipid metabolism in man.
Authors: S Lillioja, C Bogardus, D M Mott, A L Kennedy, W C Knowler, B V Howard
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

To assess the possible effects of lipid metabolism on insulin-mediated glucose disposal, 18 nondiabetic Pima Indian women (age 18-35 yr) were studied using 1-14C-palmitate infusion to measure free fatty acid turnover rate followed by a euglycemic clamp (clamp) to measure in vivo insulin-mediated glucose disposal (M). Indirect calorimetry was performed in the basal state and during the clamp. This was used to assess glucose oxidation rate, lipid oxidation rate, and to calculate nonoxidative glucose disposal (storage). Basal and clamp lipid oxidation rate correlated with basal plasma free fatty acid concentration (r = 0.81, P less than or equal to 0.0001, r = 0.67, P less than 0.003, respectively). The fall in lipid oxidation was highly correlated with the increase in glucose oxidation during the insulin infusion (r = 0.96, P less than or equal to 0.0001). The clamp lipid oxidation rate negatively correlated with the glucose oxidation rate (r = -0.85, P less than 0.0001) and with the M value (r = -0.60, P less than 0.01) but was not correlated with the clamp glucose storage (r = -0.2, P = 0.4). On the other hand, glucose storage appeared to make a greater contribution to the difference in M value between the upper and lower extremes of M than did glucose oxidation, as evidenced by an increase in glucose storage of 0.59 mg/kg fat-free mass times minute per 1 mg/kg fat-free mass times minute increase in glucose disposal. The M value was negatively correlated with obesity as measured by percent body fat (r = -0.64, P less than 0.004), but neither basal free fatty acid concentration, basal free fatty acid turnover, basal lipid oxidation, nor clamp lipid oxidation correlated with percent body fat. We conclude that an interaction of lipid and glucose metabolism in a glucose fatty acid cycle, as proposed by Randle et al. (1), may be operative in the regulation of glucose oxidation in man. The disposal of glucose however has two components. The storage component does not appear to be associated with lipid oxidation in the way that the oxidative component is and may be regulated by a different mechanism. Since the results show that the glucose storage component plays a significant role in distinguishing between those with low and high M values, we suggest that the glucose fatty acid cycle can, at best, only partially explain impaired in vivo insulin-mediated glucose disposal. Furthermore, the data suggest that the impact of obesity on in vivo insulin resistance appears to be mediated by factors other than changes in lipid availability or metabolism.
Complete and Specific Inhibition of Adult Lymphatic Regeneration by a Novel VEGFR-3 Neutralizing Antibody
Authors: B. Pytowski, J. Goldman, K. Persaud, Y. Wu, L. Witte, D. J. Hicklin, M. Skobe, K. C. Boardman, M. A. Swartz
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2005)

New lymphatic growth may contribute to tumor metastasis. Activation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR-3) by its ligands VEGF-C and -D is necessary for embryonic and tumor lymphangiogenesis. However, the exact role of VEGFR-3 signaling in adult lymphangiogenesis and in lymphatic vessel survival and regeneration is unclear.A novel rat monoclonal antibody to murine VEGFR-3, mF4-31C1, which potently antagonizes the binding of VEGF-C to VEGFR-3, was developed. We tested the effects of systemic mF4-31C1 administration in a mouse tail skin model of lymphatic regeneration, either with or without local overexpression of VEGF-C, and we observed lymphatic and blood vessel regeneration over time using microlymphangiography and immunostaining.Normal mice regenerated complete and functional lymphatic vessels within 60 days of surgery. In athymic mice implanted with VEGF-C-overexpressing human breast carcinoma cells, lymphatic regeneration took place over 25 days and resulted in hyperplastic vessels. Under either condition, no lymphatic regeneration occurred in mice receiving mF4-31C1 during the regeneration period. Blood angiogenesis and preexisting lymphatic vessels were unaffected, both in morphology and in function.Blocking VEGFR-3 completely and specifically prevented both physiologically normal and tumor VEGF-C-enhanced lymphangiogenesis in the adult mouse but had no effect on either blood angiogenesis or the survival or function of existing lymphatic vessels. Thus, targeting VEGFR-3 with specific inhibitors may block new lymphatic growth exclusively.
New approaches to the rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis.
Authors: M Woodhead
Journal: Thorax (1992)

New approaches to the rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis Rapid confirmation of a diagnosis of tuberculosis is important for starting appropriate treatment early and for avoiding the inappropriate use of complex and potentially toxic drug regimens.Detection of the intact bacillus, either by direct smear or by ciiure, rFeFmins me only availale way to CUT th.d WILLS 7etaiIILy.GLLlL fth organism is too slow to influence initial decisions on treatment but Maoes alaW -ie Spzcie -oiTT 43 311IIL tuturtLI-sensifivities.
Single-Dose Fosaprepitant for the Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting Associated With Cisplatin Therapy: Randomized, Double-Blind Study Protocol—EASE
Authors: Steven Grunberg, Daniel Chua, Anish Maru, José Dinis, Suzanne DeVandry, Judith A. Boice, James S. Hardwick, Elizabeth Beckford, Arlene Taylor, Alexandra Carides, Fausto Roila, Jørn Herrstedt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

Purpose Addition of aprepitant, a neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist (NK1RA), to an ondansetron and dexamethasone regimen improves prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea/vomiting (CINV), particularly during the delayed phase (DP; 25 to 120 hours). Therefore, recommended antiemetic regimens include multiple-day NK1RA administration. Preliminary data suggested that single-dose aprepitant before chemotherapy could provide CINV protection throughout the overall risk phase (OP; 0 to 120 hours). This study compared a 3-day oral aprepitant schedule to a regimen containing a single dose of the intravenous NK1RA fosaprepitant. Patients and Methods A randomized, double-blind, active-control design was used to test whether fosaprepitant is noninferior to aprepitant. Patients receiving cisplatin ≥ 70 mg/m 2 for the first time received ondansetron and dexamethasone with a standard aprepitant regimen (125 mg on day 1, 80 mg on day 2, 80 mg on day 3) or a single-dose fosaprepitant regimen (150 mg on day 1). The primary end point was complete response (CR; no vomiting, no rescue medication) during OP. Secondary end points were CR during DP and no vomiting during OP. Accrual of 1,113 evaluable patients per treatment arm was planned to confirm noninferiority with expected CR of 67.7% and noninferiority margin of minus 7 percentage points. Results A total of 2,322 patients were randomly assigned, and 2,247 were evaluable for efficacy. Antiemetic protection with aprepitant and fosaprepitant was equivalent within predefined bounds for noninferiority. Both regimens were well tolerated, although more frequent infusion site pain/erythema/thrombophlebitis was seen with fosaprepitant relative to aprepitant (2.7% v 0.3%, respectively). Conclusion Given with ondansetron and dexamethasone, single-dose intravenous fosaprepitant (150 mg) was noninferior to standard 3-day oral aprepitant in preventing CINV during OP and DP.
ATP-Citrate Lyase: A Key Player in Cancer Metabolism
Authors: Nousheen Zaidi, Johannes V. Swinnen, Karine Smans
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY) is a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the generation of acetyl CoA from citrate. Acetyl CoA is a vital building block for the endogenous biosynthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol and is involved in isoprenoid-based protein modifications. Acetyl CoA is also required for acetylation reactions that modify proteins, such as histone acetylation. ACLY is upregulated or activated in several types of cancers, and its inhibition is known to induce proliferation arrest in cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. The present review highlights current knowledge about the role of ACLY in cancer cells, with special reference to the different pathways that are linked by ACLY. Cancer Res; 72(15); 3709–14. ©2012 AACR.
Chronic respiratory disease morbidity in construction workers: patterns and prognostic significance for permanent disability and overall mortality
Authors: D Rothenbacher, V Arndt, E Fraisse, U Daniel, TM Fliedner, H Brenner
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1997)

The aim of this study was to determine chronic respiratory disease morbidity in construction workers, and to assess the prognostic value of various morbidity measures on permanent disability and on all-cause mortality. Subjects in this analysis were male employees in the German construction industry, aged 40-64 yrs, who were examined by the occupational health service between August 1986 and December 1988. Prevalence of respiratory disorders as characterized by: 1) pathological findings on lung auscultation; 2) reduced forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1); and 3) a medical diagnosis of chronic respiratory disease (International Classification of Diseases 9th revision (ICD-9) 490496) was assessed among occupational groups of construction workers, and compared with prevalence among white-collar employees. Active follow-up was conducted between October 1992 and July 1994 to ascertain working and life status (completeness: 92 and 96%, respectively). The prognostic value of the morbidity measures on permanent disability and on all-cause mortality was assessed using the Cox proportional hazards model. In the entire cohort, crude prevalence was 7.6% for pathological findings on lung auscultation, 8.8% for a reduced FEV1 (&lt;70% of predicted value), and 6.1% for a recorded diagnosis of chronic respiratory disease. There was strong variation of prevalence with age, smoking status and, less clearly, occupation. The relative risk for permanent disability varied between 1.9 and 3.2, and for mortality between 2.0 and 2.9, respectively, when men with the various measures of bronchopulmonary disorders were compared with other men. The morbidity measures utilized allow the identification of employees at higher risk of disability and death, and this may facilitate targeting of specific prevention and rehabilitation measures.
Prevalence and risk factor assessment of Tropheryma whipplei in a rural community in Gabon: a community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: M. Ramharter, N. Harrison, T. Bühler, B. Herold, H. Lagler, F. Lötsch, G. Mombo-Ngoma, C. Müller, A.A. Adegnika, P.G. Kremsner, A. Makristathis
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2014)
Of Cats, Catnip, and Cannabis
Authors: John Poundstone
Journal: JAMA (1969)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Any farm boy or Boy Scout knows that Fig 1 (<b>207</b>: 1349, 1969) in the article by Basil Jackson, MD, and Alan Reed, MD, actually shows a catnip plant (<i>Nepeta cataria) instead of Cannabis sativa</i>, as labeled. Perhaps one reason for his patients getting high on catnip is their lack of botanical knowledge...., Cats, of course, have been getting high on catnip for years. ... ConsideringThe Journal'srole as a source of authority in medicine, if the Federal Narcotics Bureau... were to use the figures in question as evidence in the prosecution of cat owners.... Has a content analysis been done with a general classification into: Irate, Humorous, or Square? I predict some 143 letters, 2 irate, 134 humorous, and 7 square. One exposing his pet cat to what is termed<i>Cannabis</i>might get the false impression that he was sheltering a feline junkie. Being
The journey of a thousand miles
Authors: A. Bush, J. Davies
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2010)

Treatment of cystic fibrosis (CF) is in a state of transition. 25 yrs ago the emphasis was on the downstream consequences of the disease, the prevention (as far as possible) and treatment of airway infection and inflammation, malabsorption, diabetes, liver disease and the many complications, such as bone disease and subclinical insulin deficiency, that have emerged as longevity has increased. In 1989, the CF gene (CF transmembrane regulator; CFTR) was localised to the long arm of chromosome 7 1–3 and confirmed to be a chloride ion transporter. This has stimulated an explosion of knowledge about the basic biology of CF. Amongst the many advances, the recognition 4 that there are different classes of mutations (table 1) has raised the possibility of genotype specific therapy, not merely for CF, but also for other genetic diseases. Perhaps in the future we will be asking not which gene locus is affected in a given patient, but which class of problem is the issue. Over-riding premature stop codons (class 1 mutations) may potentially lead to an improvement in other respiratory diseases ( e.g. primary ciliary dyskinesia) and non-respiratory conditions, such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy. We stand on the threshold of a new exciting age of treatments aimed at the basic molecular defect in CF, far upstream from the catastrophic consequences of CFTR dysfunction on end organs.

View this table:

Table 1– Potential genotype specific therapies for cystic fibrosis 

However, clear-headed consideration is warranted amongst …
Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Produced by Sphingosine Kinase 1 Promotes Breast Cancer Progression by Stimulating Angiogenesis and Lymphangiogenesis
Authors: Masayuki Nagahashi, Subramaniam Ramachandran, Eugene Y. Kim, Jeremy C. Allegood, Omar M. Rashid, Akimitsu Yamada, Renping Zhao, Sheldon Milstien, Huiping Zhou, Sarah Spiegel, Kazuaki Takabe
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a pleiotropic bioactive lipid mediator that promotes breast cancer progression by diverse mechanisms that remain somewhat unclear. Here we report pharmacologic evidence of a critical role for sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) in producing S1P and mediating tumor-induced hemangiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in a murine model of breast cancer metastasis. S1P levels increased both in the tumor and the circulation. In agreement, serum S1P levels were significantly elevated in stage IIIA human breast cancer patients, compared with age/ethnicity-matched healthy volunteers. However, treatment with the specific SphK1 inhibitor SK1-I suppressed S1P levels, reduced metastases to lymph nodes and lungs, and decreased overall tumor burden of our murine model. Both S1P and angiopoietin 2 (Ang2) stimulated hemangiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in vitro, whereas SK1-I inhibited each process. We quantified both processes in vivo from the same specimen by combining directed in vivo angiogenesis assays with fluorescence-activated cell sorting, thereby confirming the results obtained in vitro. Notably, SK1-I decreased both processes not only at the primary tumor but also in lymph nodes, with peritumoral lymphatic vessel density reduced in SK1-I–treated animals. Taken together, our findings show that SphK1-produced S1P is a crucial mediator of breast cancer–induced hemangiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. Our results implicate SphK1 along with S1P as therapeutic targets in breast cancer. Cancer Res; 72(3); 726–35. ©2012 AACR.
Phase I Trial of Piritrexim Capsules Using Prolonged, Low-Dose Oral Administration for the Treatment of Advanced Malignancies
Authors: L. G. Feun, N. Savaraj, P. Benedetto, J. Hanlon, K. S. Sridhar, M. Collier, S. Richman, S. H. Liao, N. J. Clendeninn
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Journal Article Phase I Trial of Piritrexim Capsules Using Prolonged, Low-Dose Oral Administration for the Treatment of Advanced Malignancies Get access Lynn G. Feun, Lynn G. Feun * Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami School of MedicineMiami, Fla * Correspondence to: Lynn G. Feun, MD, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, 1475 NW 12th Ave, Miami, FL 33136. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Niramol Savaraj, Niramol Savaraj VA Medical CenterMiami, Fla Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Pasquale Benedetto, Pasquale Benedetto Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami School of MedicineMiami, Fla Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar James Hanlon, James Hanlon Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami School of MedicineMiami, Fla Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Kasi S. Sridhar, Kasi S. Sridhar Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami School of MedicineMiami, Fla Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Mary Collier, Mary Collier Burroughs Wellcome CoResearch Triangle Park, NC Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Stephen Richman, Stephen Richman Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami School of MedicineMiami, Fla Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Sam H. Liao, Sam H. Liao Burroughs Wellcome CoResearch Triangle Park, NC Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Neil J. Clendeninn Neil J. Clendeninn Burroughs Wellcome CoResearch Triangle Park, NC Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 83, Issue 1, 2 January 1991, Pages 51–55, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.1.51 Published: 02 January 1991 Article history Received: 28 June 1990 Revision received: 02 October 1990 Accepted: 12 October 1990 Published: 02 January 1991
Antioxidant Protection of Propofol and Its Recycling in Erythrocyte Membranes
Authors: MASAHIKO TSUCHIYA, AKIRA ASADA, EMIKO KASAHARA, EISUKE F. SATO, MITSUO SHINDO, MASAYASU INOUE
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2002)

alpha-Tocopherol is a potent antioxidant that effectively protects biological membranes against oxidative injury through coordination with ascorbic acid. Because propofol has a phenolic structure similar to that of alpha-tocopherol, this intravenous anesthetic may also have similar antioxidant activity. To test this hypothesis, the effect of propofol on oxidative injury of human erythrocytes was examined. Propofol inhibited oxidative hemolysis and cis-parinaric acid oxidation in erythrocyte membranes (ED(50) = 6 microM). Although ascorbic acid alone has no appreciable effect, the protective effect of propofol was enhanced by ascorbic acid. An electron spin resonance (ESR) study showed that propofol-derived radicals (g = 2.005) were continuously generated during the oxidation of erythrocyte membranes by an ascorbic acid-inhibitable mechanism. These and other results suggest that propofol interacts with ascorbic acid, thereby exhibiting potent antioxidant activity in and around membranes as does alpha-tocopherol. Kinetic analysis revealed that propofol increased the membrane fluidity of erythrocytes, thereby increasing their resistance to physical and hemodynamic stress. Further, a greater preservation of red blood cell counts was seen after surgery with propofol compared with conventional sevoflurane anesthesia. Thus, propofol may protect erythrocytes against both oxidative and physical stress, indicating its potential as an efficient and safe antioxidant.