tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Superior results with eccentric compared to concentric quadriceps training in patients with jumper’s knee: a prospective randomised study
Authors: P Jonsson, H Alfredson
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2005)

Background: A recent study reported promising clinical results using eccentric quadriceps training on a decline board to treat jumper’s knee (patellar tendinosis). Methods: In this prospective study, athletes (mean age 25 years) with jumper’s knee were randomised to treatment with either painful eccentric or painful concentric quadriceps training on a decline board. Fifteen exercises were repeated three times, twice daily, 7 days/week, for 12 weeks. All patients ceased sporting activities for the first 6 weeks. Age, height, weight, and duration of symptoms were similar between groups. Visual analogue scales (VAS; patient estimation of pain during exercise) and Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment (VISA) scores, before and after treatment, and patient satisfaction, were used for evaluation. Results: In the eccentric group, for 9/10 tendons patients were satisfied with treatment, VAS decreased from 73 to 23 (p&lt;0.005), and VISA score increased from 41 to 83 (p&lt;0.005). In the concentric group, for 9/9 tendons patients were not satisfied, and there were no significant differences in VAS (from 74 to 68, p&lt;0.34) and VISA score (from 41 to 37, p&lt;0.34). At follow up (mean 32.6 months), patients in the eccentric group were still satisfied and sports active, but all patients in the concentric group had been treated surgically or by sclerosing injections. Conclusions: In conclusion, eccentric, but not concentric, quadriceps training on a decline board, seems to reduce pain in jumper’s knee. The study aimed to include 20 patients in each group, but was stopped at the half time control because of poor results achieved in the concentric group.
BATHS FOR WOUNDED SOLDIERS
Authors: R. F. Fox
Journal: BMJ (1915)

IJI'ATH30Srum shlam is iiideed lio 'small niatter, seeing that warm nourishment enables a mau to shoot better and encourages him to go forwarcl, whereas ruin malkes hlim slloot badly ancd inclines hiim to sit still or even go back.Tlhere remains anotherpoint of no little national inipor- tance too.Probably 200.000 to 250,000 mcn in the ranks lowv were teetotalers.At the least tlle empire otualht to provide fully for these meni who lave followed Lord Roberts's lead, ancl it slhould not attemiipt to rtlin their plhysiquie and mnoral withl a spirit ration, uiider the false statement that it is ; absolutely essential to safeaialrd thelir h.ealthl."AW'hatever else happens, if onily the foregoing facts are rmadc widely knowvn, tlle reputation of tlhe medical pro- fes,sion will at least be safe from thlo accusation that thley are responsible for this gross injury done to our couintry and its defenders.
Exhaled nitric oxide in specific challenge tests to assess occupational asthma
Authors: R. Piipari, P. Piirilä, H. Keskinen, M. Tuppurainen, A. Sovijärvi, H. Nordman
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2002)

Exhaled nitric oxide (NO) is a marker of eosinophilic inflammation of the airway mucosa accompanying changes in the clinical condition of asthma. Allergen exposure has been associated with delayed elevation of exhaled NO. The aim of this study was to assess the asthmatic airway inflammation with exhaled NO measurements during specific bronchial challenge tests with occupational agents. Forty patients with suspected occupational asthma were investigated. Specific bronchial challenge tests were performed with forced expiratory volume in one second or peak expiratory flow follow-up, supplemented by exhaled NO measurements before and 24 h after challenge tests. In active challenges, which induced bronchoconstriction, a significant mean increase of exhaled NO concentration was noted. In patients with a normal or slightly increased (<14.5 parts per billion (ppb)) basal NO level and a late bronchoconstriction, a significant increase in exhaled NO was seen. Patients with a high basal NO level (>14.5 ppb) and a significant bronchoconstriction did not show a significant NO elevation. Challenge tests without bronchoconstriction were not associated with a significant elevation of exhaled NO. Exhaled nitric oxide measurements can be used to indicate the development of airway inflammation accompanying late asthmatic reaction after bronchial challenge tests in patients with a normal or slightly increased basal nitric oxide concentration.
A NOVEL THREE-SCREEN COMPUTER ALERT TO INCREASE THE RATE OF VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM PROPHYLAXIS
Authors: Karen Fiumara, Chiara Piovella, Shelley Hurwitz, Gregory Piazza, Clyde Niles, John Fanikos, Marilyn Paterno, Matthew Labreche, Leslie-Ann Stevens, Steven Baroletti, Samuel Z. Goldhaber
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
The canadian multicenter double-blind randomized controlled trial of ursodeoxycholic acid in primary biliary cirrhosis
Authors: E. Jenny Heathcote, Karen Cauch-Dudek, Valery Walker, Robert J. Bailey, Laurence M. Blendis, Cameron N. Ghent, Pina Michieletti, Gerald Y. Minuk, S. Chris Pappas, Linda J. Scully, Urs P. Steinbrecher, Lloyd R. Sutherland, C. Noel Williams, Helga Witt-Sullivan, Lawrence J. Worobetz, Ruth A. Milner, Ian R. Wanless
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Ursodeoxycholic acid, a dihydroxyl bile acid normally present in human beings in minimal amounts, becomes incorporated into the bile salt pool when taken orally. In cholestasis, bile acids are retained in the liver and are hepatotoxic. Ursodeoxycholic acid is the least-known hepatotoxic bile acid, has choleretic properties and is reported to benefit patients with chronic cholestasis. In a nationwide Canadian controlled trial, 222 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis were treated with ursodeoxycholic acid (14 mg/kg/body wt/day) or placebo for 24 mo. Only patients with a diagnosis confirmed by liver biopsy and serum positive for antimitochondrial antibodies were enrolled; 88% were symptomatic on entry. The primary outcome measure was percent change in total serum bilirubin from baseline to final follow-up. Treated patients (111) and controls (111) were comparable with regard to age, gender, biochemical parameters and liver histological condition. Although treatment was not associated with any improvement in symptoms, ursodeoxycholic acid therapy caused the bilirubin to fall significantly within the first 3 mo of therapy (p < 0.001). Significant falls in serum alkaline phosphatase, aminotransferases, cholesterol and IgM levels were also noted in the treated group. Improvement in some histological features was observed but there was no difference between the groups in the number of patients who reached the endpoints of death or liver transplantation. Ursodeoxycholic acid, given to patients with primary biliary cirrhosis, leads to an improvement in serum markers of cholestasis. A larger sample size is needed to determine whether ursodeoxycholic acid therapy has a beneficial effect on the survival of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis.
Network for Excellence in Neuroscience Clinical Trials
Authors: Marissa Natelson Love, Hassah Fathallh-Shaykh
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
The BLyS/BAFF family of ligands and receptors: key targets in the therapy and understanding of autoimmunity
Authors: M P Cancro
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2006)

The B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS; also termed BAFF) family of ligands and receptors plays a central role in B lymphocyte development, selection, and homoeostasis. Members of this family can independently influence different B cell subsets, because the interactions between the two ligands and three receptors vary, and the receptors themselves are differentially expressed among developing, naive, and antigen experienced B cell subsets. These properties prompt careful assessment of how ablative therapies may influence the behaviour of upstream or downstream B lineage populations, as well as how the implementation and expectations of therapeutics targeting BLyS family members must be guided by knowledge of the B cell subsets contributing to pathogenesis.
Dietary Calcium and Blood Pressure
Authors: P. Scott Allender
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Purpose: To assess the effect of dietary calcium supplementation on blood pressure. Data Sources: Published reports of trials studying the effect of dietary calcium supplementation on blood pressure were identified by a search of previous reviews, a MEDLINE search, a manual review of journal articles, and a review of abstracts from scientific meetings. Study Selection: Randomized clinical trials in which dietary calcium intake varied by intervention group were selected. Multifactorial trials were not included. Data Synthesis: Data from 28 active treatment arms or strata from 22 randomized clinical trials were pooled using a weighted average method, with weights proportional to the inverse of the variance of the treatment effect. The total sample comprised 1231 persons. Because trials of both normotensive and hypertensive persons were included, subgroup analyses could be done. Pooled estimates of the effect of calcium supplementation on blood pressure were −0.18 mm Hg for diastolic blood pressure (95% CI, −0.75 to 0.40 mm Hg) and −0.89 mm Hg for systolic blood pressure (CI, −1.74 to −0.05 mm Hg). Pooled estimates for systolic blood pressure were −0.53 mm Hg (CI, −1.56 to 0.49 mm Hg) for trials of normotensive persons and −1.68 mm Hg (CI, −3.18 to −0.18 mm Hg) for trials of hypertensive persons. Diastolic blood pressure was not significantly affected in either subgroup. Conclusion: The pooled estimate shows a statistically significant decrease of systolic blood pressure with calcium supplementation, both for hypertensive persons and for the overall sample. However, the effect is too small to support the use of calcium supplementation for preventing or treating hypertension.
Factors affecting adrenocortical hormone function.
Authors: E B Thompson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1981)

This paper will briefly outline those elements which must be considered in assessing the effects of any given compound which might impinge on the actions of adrenocortical steroids. Considerations that ought to be taken into account include the following: the delivery to the affected cells of corticosteroids, the uptake of the hormone by the cells, the metabolism of the hormone by the cells, the intracellular actions of the hormone, the possible secondary interactions between cells, and multihormonal actions on the final target cell.
Long-term Prognostic Role of Functional Limitations Among Women With Breast Cancer
Authors: D. Braithwaite, W. A. Satariano, B. Sternfeld, R. A. Hiatt, P. A. Ganz, K. Kerlikowske, D. H. Moore, M. L. Slattery, M. Tammemagi, A. Castillo, M. Melisko, L. Esserman, E. K. Weltzien, B. J. Caan
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2010)

BackgroundThe long-term prognostic role of functional limitations among women with breast cancer is poorly understood.
Acute Tubular Necrosis Is a Syndrome of Physiologic and Pathologic Dissociation
Authors: Seymour Rosen, Isaac E. Stillman
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2008)

Acute tubular necrosis (ATN) is a syndrome of intrinsic renal failure secondary to ischemic or toxic insults. The histopathologic findings of ATN are inconstant. When present, they are limited to the tubulo-interstitium and often subtle despite profound dysfunction. Experimental models of ATN in healthy animals commonly use single insults that result in extensive injury, circumstances that do not parallel the human situation. Recently, there has been a shift to more clinically relevant models using an acute insult superimposed on predisposing factors. This review discusses the complex hemodynamic interrelationships of hypoxia, tubular injury, and altered glomerular filtration, suggesting new ways to understand the pathophysiology of ATN.
NHS regulator may not be fit to register GP practices, MPs warn
Authors: A. O'Dowd
Journal: BMJ (2012)

MPs have raised fears that the NHS’s main regulator the Care Quality Commission (CQC) might be unfit to register all 10 000 GP practices later this year.

MPs heavily criticise the commission for failing to be an effective regulator with serious questions raised over its governance, leadership, and culture.

As the independent regulator of health and adult social care in England, the commission, which was formed in 2009 from the merger of three previous regulators, currently regulates more than 21 000 care providers against 16 essential standards of quality and safety.

Its role in ensuring quality standards and deterring poor quality and unsafe care had not been fulfilled effectively, and it had not achieved the right balance between registration and inspection, said MPs.

In February, the commission’s chief executive Cynthia Bower, resigned after a series of damning reports on its performance ( BMJ 2012;344:e1396, doi:10.1136/bmj.e1396).

Between September of this year and April 2013 the commission will carry out what the MPs’ report describes as …
Lymphotoxin is an autocrine growth factor for Epstein-Barr virus-infected B cell lines.
Authors: Z Estrov, R Kurzrock, E Pocsik, S Pathak, H M Kantarjian, T F Zipf, D Harris, M Talpaz, B B Aggarwal
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1993)

Because human lymphotoxin (LT) was originally isolated from a lymphoblastoid cell line, we investigated the role of this molecule in three newly established Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-infected human B cell lines. These lines were derived from acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Z-6), myelodysplastic syndrome (Z-43), and acute myelogenous leukemia (Z-55) patients who had a prior EBV infection. Each lymphoblastoid cell line had a karyotype that was different from that of the original parent leukemic cells, and all expressed B cell, but not T cell or myeloid surface markers. In all three lines, rearranged immunoglobulin heavy chain joining region (JH) bands were found, and the presence of EBV DNA was confirmed by Southern blotting. Z-6, Z-43, and Z-55 cell lines constitutively produced 192, 48, and 78 U/ml LT, respectively, as assessed by a cytotoxicity assay and antibody neutralization. Levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) were undetectable. Scatchard analysis revealed that all the cell lines expressed high-affinity TNF/LT receptors with receptor densities of 4197, 1258, and 1209 sites/cell on Z-6, Z-43, and Z-55, respectively. Furthermore, labeled TNF binding could be reversed by both unlabeled TNF, as well as by LT. Studies with p60 and p80 receptor-specific antibodies revealed that the three lines expressed primarily the p80 form of the TNF receptor. When studied in a clonogenic assay, exogenous LT stimulated proliferation of all three cell lines in a dose-dependent fashion at concentrations ranging from 25 to 500 U/ml. Similar results were obtained with [3H]TdR incorporation. Monoclonal anti-LT neutralizing antibodies at concentrations of 25-500 U/ml inhibited cellular multiplication in a dose-dependent manner. It is interesting that in spite of a common receptor, TNF (1,000 U/ml) had no direct effect on Z-55 cell growth, whereas it partially reversed the stimulatory effect of exogenous LT. In addition, TNF inhibited Z-6 and Z-43 cell proliferation, and its suppressive effect was reversed by exogenous LT. Both p80 and p60 forms of soluble TNF receptors suppressed the lymphoblastoid cell line proliferation and their inhibitory effect was partially reversed by LT. Our data suggest that (a) LT is an autocrine growth factor for EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid B cell lines; and (b) anti-LT antibodies, soluble TNF/LT receptors, and TNF itself can suppress the growth of lymphoblastoid cells, probably by modulating or competing with LT.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Inhibition of TGF-β1 expression by antisense oligonucleotides suppressed extracellular matrix accumulation in experimental glomerulonephritis
Authors: Y Akagi, Y Isaka, M Arai, T Kaneko, M Takenaka, T Moriyama, Y Kaneda, A Ando, Y Orita, T Kamada, N Ueda, E Imai
Journal: Kidney International (1996)
The Morison Lectures on NERVOUS SEMEIOLOGY, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO EPILEPSY
Authors: S. A. K. Wilson
Journal: BMJ (1930)

INCREASEOF NEURAL FUNCTION.PASSING attention has already been directed to the general division of nervous symptoms, whatever their order, into those expressive of increase and decrease, respectively, of niervous function.The classification is applicable as well to those of the neuro-synmpathetic system as of the psychical .series.Possibly the term " increase " is not the most satisfactory that might be selected; it is taken to include sym- ptoms and syndromes indicative of escape or release of fulnction, in addition to such as presumably come into existence through stimulation or excitation.Clinical experience affirms that an extremely large part of neural semeiology is included in this first main division, but the two sets are not mutually exclusive by any means; convulsions and paralysis can occur in the same subject, not, of course, simultaneously in the same part, yet in
Response to Letters Regarding Article, “Cardiac Ischemic Preconditioning in Coronary Stenting (CRISP Stent) Study: A Prospective, Randomized Control Trial”
Authors: Stephen P. Hoole, Patrick M. Heck, Sadia N. Khan, Rudolf Duehmke, Cameron G. Densem, Sarah C. Clarke, Leonard M. Shapiro, Peter M. Schofield, Michael O'Sullivan, David P. Dutka, Linda Sharples
Journal: Circulation (2009)
Allelic polymorphism in transcriptional regulatory regions of HLA-DQB genes.
Authors: L C Andersen, J S Beaty, J W Nettles, C E Seyfried, G T Nepom, B S Nepoom
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1991)

Class II genes of the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) are highly polymorphic. Allelic variation of structural genes provides diversity in immune cell interactions, contributing to the formation of the T cell repertoire and to susceptibility to certain autoimmune diseases. We now report that allelic polymorphism also exists in the promoter and upstream regulatory regions (URR) of human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II genes. Nucleotide sequencing of these regulatory regions of seven alleles of the DQB locus reveals a number of allele-specific polymorphisms, some of which lie in functionally critical consensus regions thought to be highly conserved in class II promoters. These sequence differences also correspond to allelic differences in binding of nuclear proteins to the URR. Fragments of the URR of two DQB alleles were analyzed for binding to nuclear proteins extracted from human B lymphoblastoid cell lines (B-LCL). Gel retardation assays showed substantially different banding patterns to the two promoters, including prominent variation in nuclear protein binding to the partially conserved X box regions and a novel upstream polymorphic sequence element. Comparison of these two polymorphic alleles in a transient expression system demonstrated a marked difference in their promoter strengths determined by relative abilities to initiate transcription of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene in human B-LCL. Shuttling of URR sequences between alleles showed that functional variation corresponded to both the X box and upstream sequence polymorphic sites. These findings identify an important source of MHC class II diversity, and suggest the possibility that such regulatory region polymorphisms may confer allelic differences in expression, inducibility, and/or tissue specificity of class II molecules.
Highly efficient infectious cell culture of three hepatitis C virus genotype 2b strains and sensitivity to lead protease, nonstructural protein 5A, and polymerase inhibitors
Authors: Santseharay Ramirez, Yi-Ping Li, Sanne B. Jensen, Jannie Pedersen, Judith M. Gottwein, Jens Bukh
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a genetically diverse virus with multiple genotypes exhibiting remarkable differences, particularly in drug susceptibility. Drug and vaccine development will benefit from high-titer HCV cultures mimicking the complete viral life cycle, but such systems only exist for genotypes 1a and 2a. We developed efficient culture systems for the epidemiologically important genotype 2b. Full-length molecular clones of patient strains DH8 and DH10 were adapted to efficient growth in Huh7.5 cells by using F1468L/A1676S/D3001G (LSG) mutations. The previously developed J8cc prototype 2b recombinant was further adapted. DH8 and J8 achieved infectivity titers >4.5 log10 Focus-Forming Units/mL. A defined set of DH8 mutations had cross-isolate adapting potential. A chimeric genome with the DH10 polyprotein coding sequence inserted into a vector with J8 untranslated regions was viable. Importantly, we succeeded in generating DH8, J8, and DH10 viruses with authentic sequences in the regions targeted by lead direct-acting antivirals. Nonstructural protein (NS)5B inhibitors sofosbuvir, mericitabine, and BI207127 had activity against 1a (strain TN), 2a (strains JFH1 and J6), and the 2b strains, whereas VX-222 and filibuvir only inhibited 1a. Genotype 2b strains were least sensitive to seven lead protease inhibitors, including MK-5172 with high overall potency. NS5A inhibitor daclatasvir was exceptionally potent, but efficacy was affected by the HCV strain. Highly efficient HCV full-length 2b culture systems can be established by using consensus clones with defined mutations. Lead protease and NS5A inhibitors, as well as polymerase inhibitors sofosbuvir, mericitabine, and BI207127, show cross-activity against full-length 1a, 2a, and 2b viruses, but important sensitivity differences exist at the isolate level. Infectious cultures for different HCV strains will advance studies on viral biology and pathogenesis and promote individualized patient treatment.