tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Two year analysis of treatment efficacy and cosmesis by the American Society of Breast Surgeons (ASBS) MammoSite Breast Brachytherapy Registry Trial in patients treated with accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI)
Authors: F. Vicini, P. Beitsch, C. Quiet, A. Keleher, D. Garcia, H. Snider, M. Gittleman, V. Zannis, H. Kuerer, E. Whitacre
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

529 Background: This report presents 2-year data on treatment efficacy and cosmesis for patients enrolled on the ASBS sponsored MammoSite Registry trial. Methods: 1449 patients were treated with the MammoSite device to deliver APBI. 924 patients have been followed ≥ 12 months, 586 ≥ 18 months, 316 ≥ 24 months and 52 ≥ 36 months. Median follow-up for surviving patients was 14 months. Results: Eleven patients (0.8%) developed an ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) as some component of their initial failure (prior to distant metastases [DM]) for a 2-yr actuarial rate of 1.2%. The 2-yr actuarial rate of isolated IBTR was 0.8% (n=8). Six patients (0.4%) developed an axillary failure (AF) as some component of their initial failure (prior to DM) for a 2-yr actuarial rate of 1.0%. The 2-yr actuarial rate of isolated AF was 0.6% (n=3). The only variable associated with the development of an isolated IBTR (n=8) included an extensive intraductal component (p=0.073) (patient age, margin status, grade, histology, tumor size, nodal status, use of systemic therapy and method of device placement were not associated with IBTR). The only variable associated with the development of all IBTRs (n=11) was tumor location (inner quadrant, p=0.079). The percentage of patients with good/excellent cosmetic results at 6, 12, 18, 24 and 36 months were as follows: 95.1% (n=769 patients), 93.7% (n=621 patients), 91.3% (n=344 patients), 93.5% (n=248 patients), and 90.4% (n=52 patients) (p=NS). For the 174 patients with both a 12-month and 24 month cosmetic assessment, the rate of good/excellent cosmetic results was 94% at 12 and 24 months. At 24 months (n=248 patients), factors associated with good/excellent cosmetic results included increased skin spacing as a categorical variable (94.8% versus 86.1%, p=0.064), no infection (94.8% versus 85.7%, p=0.057), and no systemic chemotherapy treatment (95.3% versus 82.4%, p=0.012). Conclusions: Treatment efficacy and cosmesis 2 years after treatment with APBI using the MammoSite device are excellent and appear similar to those reported with standard whole breast RT. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Patient-reported sexual outcomes and potency following proton therapy for the management of prostate cancer.
Authors: Bradford S. Hoppe, Romaine Charles Nichols, Randal H. Henderson, William M. Mendenhall, Christopher G. Morris, Curtis Bryant, Zhong Su, Christopher R Williams, Zuofeng Li, Nancy Price Mendenhall
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

160 Background: The present study investigates sexual outcomes and potency rates in men treated with proton therapy for prostate cancer. Methods: Between 2006 and 2010, 1063 men were treated with proton therapy alone (no androgen deprivation therapy) for prostate cancer at University of Florida on an IRB approved outcomes tracking protocol. 99% of men were treated with 78-82 Gy (RBE). The expanded prostate index composite (EPIC) was collected prior to treatment and every 6-12 months after treatment. Potency was defined by question 59 of the EPIC, “How would you describe the usual Quality of your erections during the last 4 weeks”, where an answer of “firm enough for intercourse” was considered potent, while any other answer was considered “impotent”. Results: The EPIC was answered by 97%, 89%, 88%, and 84% at baseline, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years after treatment. The median sexual summary (SS), sexual function (SF), sexual bother (SB) scores and potency over time are listed in the Table. A restricted analysis of SS, SF, SB and potency rates adjusted to baseline sexual score of 100 (best score) or potency is also included in the Table. Multiple logistic regression of 2 year impotency rate showed that age (&lt;65 vs &gt;=65, p=0.004) and baseline SS score (&lt;68 vs68-99 vs100, p&lt;0.0001) were significant prognostic factors. Among men with baseline potency (n=687), two years following treatment potency rates were 48% if the patient had baseline SS score of &lt;=67 , 68% if the patient had a baseline SS score of 68 to 99 and 84% if their SS score at baseline was 100. Among just men with baseline SS of 100 (n=119), 87% of those age &lt;65 were potent at 2 years, while 78% men age&gt;=65 were potent at 2 years. Conclusions: Although sexual scores and potency decline following proton therapy, men with excellent baseline sexual function have very high rates of potency 2 years following treatment. Longer follow-up is needed. [Table: see text]
Detection of HPV in different subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: A. Rezazadeh, P. C. Desai, D. A. Laber, S. Ghim, G. Schaefer, A. B. Jenson, G. H. Kloecker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

22098 Background: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) causes neoplasia. The prevalence of HPV in NSCLC has been reported between 1–30%, demonstrating a big difference between studies. The incident rates of NSCLC and HPV related cervical cancer in Kentucky are among the highest in the US. Recently p53 mutation due to HPV was reported in NSCLC. We conducted this study to evaluate the association of HPV with clinical features of NSCLC. Methods: We obtained tissue samples from 16 patients with NSCLC. Formalin fixed paraffin embedded blocks were examined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) sequencing using MY 09/11 and GP 5/6 primers sets. To detect HPV DNAs in extracted total DNA, PCR was carried out using platinum tagged polymerase and a set of degenerate primers capable of binding DNAs of 23 mucosotrophic HPVs, including HPV-6, 11, 16 and 18. Beta-globin separately amplified using a set of primers specific to beta-globin to measure the presence of sufficient DNA as quality control. PCR products were gel purified and sent for DNA sequencing. Clinical data was extracted from medical records. Results: Histology and age of these 16 patients were similar to the overall NSCLC population at the University of Louisville.14/16 of the subjects were diagnosed at advanced stage (III and IV). There was one subject in the HPV negative group with stage IA and one subject in the HPV positive group with stage IIB. Four out of sixteen samples were HPV (+). HPV subtypes were determined by sequencing the positive PCR product yielding two HPV 11 (one adenocarcinoma and one non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma) and two HPV 16 (one adenocarcinoma and one undifferentiated NSCLC). In the HPV positive group two were male and two were female. Conclusion: The incidence of HPV positivity was 25% (4/16). HPV positivity was found in different NSCLC histologies, in early and late stages and in males and females. This significant rate of HPV is suggestive of an etiological effect in the development of different subtypes of NSCLC. Geographical and methodological factors may explain the variation in the reported HPV (+) NSCLC. Further studies to evaluate the role of HPV in NSCLC are needed. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A Microsomal Butyrylesterase Appearing in Rat Livers During Development, Regeneration, and Carcinogenesis, and After Phenobarbital Treatment&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Aiko Kaneko, Noriyasu Chisaka, Katsuhiko Enomoto, Tohru Kaku, Kimimaro Dempo, Michio Mori, Tamenori Onoé
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

A microsomal butyrylesterase (L-I) was purified from the livers of male W rats treated with phenobarbital, and an antiserum against this purified L-I was raised in a rabbit. By the Ouchteriony double-diffusion test, a precipitin line was observed between the anti-L-I antiserum and each Triton X-100 extract of livers during development, regeneration after partial hepatectomy, and carcinogenesis and of hyperplastic nodules and hepatomas, all of which revealed L-I in their esterase isoenzyme patterns. These precipitin lines exhibited esterase activity. The fusion of the lines of these tissue extracts and that of the purified L-I indicated the presence of an antigen site common to their esterases. The extracts of adult and fetal livers and also of hepatomas resembling fetal liver in the esterase isoenzyme pattern did not produce a precipitin line with anti-L-I antiserum.
Comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) in elderly women with early breast cancer
Authors: R. S. Girones, D. M. Torregrosa, J. Torró, J. Aguiló, I. Maestu, R. Diaz Beveridge
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

19641 Background: Advancing age is a major risk factor for breast cancer. Long-term follow up is recommended after diagnosis and treatment of early breast cancer. With older age, the risk of comorbid conditions and functional impairment is increased. A useful tool in the management and follow-up of these elderly patients could be a CGA Methods: Purpose of the study: Descriptive, transversal study of the prevalence of other comorbidities and of the functional impairment in elderly patients on follow-up after curative treatment of early breast cancer. Patients: Women aged ≥ 70 years at time of diagnosis, with removed early breast cancer. Attended in a outpatient unit from January 2005 to June 2006. No disease recurrences were allowed. Methods: CGA was conducted in an oncology unit. The assessment used usual screening instruments (ADL, IADL, POMA, GDS, MMSE, MNA) as well as the performance status (PS). Co-morbidity was classified using the Charlson score. Results: 91 pts underwent CGA. Mean age at surgery of primary tumour: 76 (70–92). Mean age at time of CGA: 80 (71–95). &gt; 75% of patients had more than 84 years at time of GCA: Median follow up: 5 years (1–12). 47% PS 0. 9% PS 2. 83% were fully independent for ADL and 71% for IADL. IADL most affected was the ability to drive/use public transport. Median Charlson Score was 2 (1–6). ≥ 75% of patients had score ≥4. Most frequent comorbidity: cardiovascular disease (hypertension). Cognitive deterioration: 15%, depression: 16%. Only 28% were thin (BMI&lt; 22). 75% were polymedicated (&gt; 6 drugs). 28% had geriatric syndromes. 23% were “frail” (at least one of the following items): ADL &lt; 80; ≥ 3 comorbidities, performance status &lt; 60, ≥ 1 geriatric syndrome. Conclusions: Our results are better than reports from other geriatric teams using CGA, in terms on functional status and frailty. A high prevalence of comorbidity in our study, similar to other reports. A selection bias cannot be excluded, as the fitter patients are those that usually keep on with the follow-up. While those frail patients that do not due to their functional impairment are usually lost. Older patients with early breast cancer on follow-up have a high prevalence of comorbidity. However, in our serie, function and independence is maintained. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
SF3B1 Mutation Alters The Selection Of 3' RNA Splice Sites In Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Youzhong Wan, Angela N Brooks, Lili Wang, Carrie Sougnez, Wandi Zhang, Jessica Wong, Dan-Avi Landau, Dylan Kotliar, David Deluca, Jennifer R. Brown, Robin Reed, Gad Getz, Matthew Meyerson, Catherine J Wu
Journal: Blood (2013)
Letter to the editor: Is there a need for special treatment of refugees at hospital admission?
Authors: Jan Walter, Sebastian Haller, Julia Hermes, Mardjan Arvand, Muna Abu Sin, Tim Eckmanns
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2016)

Preview this article: Letter to the editor: Is there a need for special treatment of refugees at hospital admission?, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/eurosurveillance/21/7/eurosurv-21-30137-4-1.gif
A phase II study of dose-dense chemotherapy (doxorubicin (A), cyclophosphamide (C), paclitaxel (T), gemcitabine (G)) supported by pegfilgrastim (P) and darbepoetin-alfa (D) for patients with high-risk early stage breast cancer (ICANDO)
Authors: P. N. Mainwaring, C. Shannon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

11068 Background: The primary objective of this study was to estimate the proportion of chemotherapy dose delays in a dose- dense regimen consisting of A (60mg/m 2 ), C (600 mg/m 2 ) x 4 cycles q2 weeks followed by T (175 mg/m 2 ) G (1g/m 2 ) x 4 cycles q2w with pegfilgrastim (6 mg/m 2 sc d2) and darbepoetin-alfa (2.25 microg/kg if Hb &lt; 110g/L) as treatment for patients with high-risk early stage breast cancer. Dose delay was defined by the proportion of subjects experiencing delay = 7 days in any cycle. Entry criteria path stage IIA-IIIA breast adenocarcinoma; node positive patients &gt; 6 axillary lymph nodes removed or sentinel LN biopsy positive for metastasis. Treatment commenced within 8 weeks. Secondary endpoints included proportion of delays by cycle, causes of delay by cycle, causes of dose reduction by cycle, as well as time to haematological engraftment. Patients underwent weekly FBC, electrolytes, LFTs, with a normal baseline echo assessment. Herceptin therapy was approved in Australia 1 st October 2006 and was added to TG therapy for FISH/CISH/IHC 3+ positive patients. All patients completed FACT-F QOL forms. The half-width confidence interval to predict for delay based on the AC-T data is 0.17 for n = 20 patients. Results: Twenty (20) women; median age 50 (41–66) met the criteria for treatment. No patients had treatment delays ≥ 2 days for any reason. One (5%) patient underwent a blood transfusion for a rapid decline in haemoglobin (Hb) prior to darbepoetin therapy. One (5%) patient was admitted for uncontrolled vomiting. Seven (35%) patients received darbepoetin therapy without secondary Hb rise above 130 g/L. One (5%) patient had a 20% dose reduction in A dose due to mucositis. For nausea &gt;G1 aprepitant therapy was added. There have been no dose modifications due to hepatic toxicity. Final cycle, QOL and pharmacogenomic data will be presented at the meeting. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Systematic review of efficacy of dose-dense versus non-dose-dense chemotherapy.
Authors: R. Barron, J. L. Natoli, R. M. Miller, G. H. Lyman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e13000 Background: The Norton-Simon hypothesis suggests that chemotherapy efficacy can be enhanced by decreasing intervals between treatment cycles. The objective of this review was to assess the clinical efficacy of dose-dense (DD) chemotherapy for breast cancer (BRC), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), and non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: A systematic literature review of MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, and CancerLit was performed to identify English-language clinical trials (randomized or nonrandomized) published from 1/1/95 to 2/18/09. Trials had to report overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), or time to progression (TTP) and/or response rates (overall [OR], complete [CR], or partial [PR]). DD chemotherapy was defined as any regimen that decreased intervals between cycles while maintaining the same overall dose/treatment as other trial regimen(s). Since many studies reported data for several timepoints, multiple estimates could be obtained from a single trial. Results were summarized qualitatively. Results: The review identified 17 randomized trials (9 BRC, 5 NHL, 3 NSCLC) including 6,861 patients. Six demonstrated improved OS, PFS/TTP, and/or response rates with DD therapy, while none found a statistically significant relationship favoring conventional regimens. Conclusions: Although few studies reported statistically significant differences between DD and non-DD chemotherapy, general trends largely favored DD chemotherapy. Based on current literature, a quantitative meta-analysis of efficacy outcomes is limited by therapeutic and population heterogeneity across studies. Cancer type Trials Outcome Number of trials* favoring DD therapy Number of trials* favoring non-DD therapy Statistically significant Not statistically significant (or significance not reported) Not statistically significant (or significance not reported) Statistically significant OS 1 6 0 0 PFS 0 1 3 0 TTP 0 1 0 0 BRC 9 OR 1 3 3 0 CR 2 3 1 0 PR 0 3 2 0 NHL 5 OS 2 5 1 0 PFS 0 1 0 0 OR 0 5 0 0 CR 1 5 1 0 PR 0 4 2 0 NSCLC 3 OS 1 1 1 0 PFS 1 1 0 0 OR 0 1 2 0 CR 0 2 1 0 PR 0 1 2 0 * A single trial may be counted in >1 column (e.g., 3-year OS was statistically significant but 1-year OS was not, 2 × 2 factorial). Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Amgen Cerner LifeSciences Amgen Amgen, Ortho Biotech Amgen
Genetic Epidemiology of Breast Cancer and Associated Cancers in High-Risk Families. II. Linkage Analysis&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: M C King, R C Go, H T Lynch, R C Elston, P I Terasaki, N L Petrakis, G C Rodgers, D Lattanzio, J Bailey-Wilson
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1983)

Chromosomal locations of hypothetical alleles which increase susceptibility to human breast cancer in some families were investigated by genetic linkage analysis. In 7 families with primarily premenopausal breast cancer and (in 5 families) ovarian cancer, a dominant susceptibility allele may be linked to the genetic marker glutamicpyruvic transaminase or alanine aminotransferase (GPT; lod score 1.95 at zero recombination). The most positive lod score for linkage to a recessive susceptibility allele was for acid phosphatase (ACP; lod score 0.78 at 40% recombination), but ACP was informative in ony 1 family. In 3 families with primarily postmenopausal breast cancer, none of 21 genetic markers provided any evidence for linkage to either dominant or recessive susceptibility alleles. In the families with the possible GPT linkage, women who carry the hypothetical susceptibility allele would be at high risk of breast cancer, whereas their relatives who do not carry that allele would have no increased risk. GPT genotype is not associated with breast cancer risk in the general population, so GPT linkage cannot be used as a screening test for breast cancer.
The psychological response to injury in student athletes: a narrative review with a focus on mental health
Authors: Margot Putukian
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Injury is a major stressor for athletes and one that can pose significant challenges. Student athletes must handle rigorous academic as well as athletic demands that require time as well as significant physical requirements. Trying to perform and succeed in the classroom and on the playing field has become more difficult as the demands and expectations have increased. If an athlete is injured, these stressors increase. <h3>Main thesis</h3> Stress is an important antecedent to injuries and can play a role in the response to, rehabilitation and return to play after injury. The psychological response to injury can trigger and/or unmask mental health issues including depression and suicidal ideation, anxiety, disordered eating, and substance use/abuse. There are barriers to mental health treatment in athletes. They often consider seeking help as a sign of weakness, feeling that they should be able to ‘push through’ psychological obstacles as they do physical ones. Athletes may not have developed healthy coping behaviours making response to injury especially challenging. <h3>Purpose</h3> I discuss the current state of knowledge regarding the psychological response to injury and delineate resources necessary to direct the injured athlete to a mental health care provider if appropriate.
Australian hospital discharges asylum seeker infant, into more controversy
Authors: Michael Woodhead
Journal: BMJ (2016)

After a tense 10 day standoff between doctors and immigration authorities, a Brisbane hospital has discharged a 12 month old baby after reassurances were given by authorities that she would not be immediately sent back to a detention centre on the Pacific island of Nauru.

In what has become known as the Baby Asha case, doctors at the Lady Cilento Hospital refused to discharge the infant, who had been treated in the burns unit. They believed it to be unethical to allow the infant to be returned to an “unsafe” offshore detention environment where most children show signs of mental trauma and are exposed to violence and abuse.

It was feared that the immigration department would send in security guards to forcibly remove the child from the hospital, and a large group of supporters maintained a week long vigil outside the hospital.

On Sunday 22 February it was …
Effects of Palatinose and Sucrose Intake on Glucose Metabolism and Incretin Secretion in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Farnaz Keyhani-Nejad, Margrit Kemper, Rita Schueler, Olga Pivovarova, Natalia Rudovich, Andreas F.H. Pfeiffer
Journal: Diabetes Care (2015)

Excessive sugar intake is associated with higher risk of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D) (1). Recently, we reported that Palatinose (isomaltulose), a 1,6-linked glucose-fructose dimer that is completely digested and absorbed in the small intestine (2), improved glucose homeostasis and prevented fatty liver compared with 1,2-linked sucrose. Palatinose intake reduced postprandial glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) and insulin release in mice (3). Postprandial insulin secretion and glycemic excursions are regulated by the stimulation of incretin hormones. These intestinal peptides are glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and GIP (4).

We compared the effects of sucrose versus Palatinose intake on glucose metabolism, insulin and glucagon secretions, and endogenous responses of incretins in T2D participants. In a randomized within-subject crossover study with ≥7 days washout period, 10 overnight-fasted T2D subjects (2 women and 8 men, aged 61 ± 4.6 years, BMI 32.1 ± 4.06 kg/m2) received 50 g of Palatinose (BENEO GmbH, Mannheim, Germany) or sucrose (Sudzucker, Mannheim, Germany) dissolved in 300 mL of tap …
School Start Times for Middle School and High School Students — United States, 2011–12 School Year
Authors: Anne G. Wheaton, Gabrielle A. Ferro, Janet B. Croft
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2015)

Adolescents who do not get enough sleep are more likely to be overweight; not engage in daily physical activity; suffer from depressive symptoms; engage in unhealthy risk behaviors such as drinking, smoking tobacco, and using illicit drugs; and perform poorly in school. However, insufficient sleep is common among high school students, with less than one third of U.S. high school students sleeping at least 8 hours on school nights. In a policy statement published in 2014, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) urged middle and high schools to modify start times as a means to enable students to get adequate sleep and improve their health, safety, academic performance, and quality of life. AAP recommended that "middle and high schools should aim for a starting time of no earlier than 8:30 a.m.". To assess state-specific distributions of public middle and high school start times and establish a pre-recommendation baseline, CDC and the U.S. Department of Education analyzed data from the 2011-12 Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS). Among an estimated 39,700 public middle, high, and combined schools* in the United States, the average start time was 8:03 a.m. Overall, only 17.7% of these public schools started school at 8:30 a.m. or later. The percentage of schools with 8:30 a.m. or later start times varied greatly by state, ranging from 0% in Hawaii, Mississippi, and Wyoming to more than three quarters of schools in Alaska (76.8%) and North Dakota (78.5%). A school system start time policy of 8:30 a.m. or later provides teenage students the opportunity to achieve the 8.5-9.5 hours of sleep recommended by AAP and the 8-10 hours recommended by the National Sleep Foundation.