tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
In Vitro Binding of Potent Mutagenic Pyrolyzates to Intestinal Bacteria
Authors: M Morotomi, M Mutai
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1986)

The ability of 22 strains of intestinal bacteria to bind the mutagenic pyrolyzates—3-amino-1 ,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole [(Trp-P-1) CAS: 62450-06-0), 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole [(Trp-P-2) CAS: 62450-07-1), 2-amino-6-methyldipyrido[1.2-a:3′,2′-d]imidazole [(Glu-P-1) CAS: 67730-11-4], 2-aminodipyrido[1.2-a:3′,2′-d]imidazole [(Glu-P-2) CAS: 67730-10-3], 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline [(IQ) CAS: 76180-96-6], 2-amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline [(MeIQx) CAS: 77094-11-2], and 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline [(MeIQx) CAS: 77500-04-0)—was investigated and compared to their ability to bind to some dietary fibers (corn bran, apple pulp, soy bean fiber, cellulose, chitin, and chitosan). The pyrolyzates are potent mutagenic and carcinogenic heterocyclic amines formed during cooking. Solution of these amines was mixed with aqueous suspension of bacterial cells or dietary fibers, and removal of these amines from the reaction mixture by centrifugation was defined as the binding. Trp-P-1 and Trp-P-2 were effectively bound to all gram-positive and some gram-negative bacterial cells, corn bran, apple pulp, and soy bean fiber. Binding of Trp-P-1 and Trp-P-2 to Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and cellulose was moderate, and to chitin and chitosan it was little. None but corn bran bound Glu-P-1 and Glu-P-2 effectively. Corn bran effectively bound all mutagens tested. The quantity of the binding of IQ, MeIQ, and MeIQx was dependent on the strain of bacteria and the kind of fiber. The mechanism of binding of Trp-P-2 to freeze-dried feces, Lactobacillus casei YIT 9018 (LC9018), and corn bran was investigated. The binding was pH dependent, occurred instantaneously, and was inhibited by the addition of metal salts. These results indicate that the binding was mostly due to a cation-exchange mechanism, but some irreversible binding of Trp-P-2 was observed, most notably to freeze-dried feces. The mutagenicity of Trp-P-2 for Salmonella typhimurium TA98 in the presence of S9 mix was inhibited by the addition of LC9018 or corn bran to the reaction mixture. The results indicate that bound Trp-P-2 did not cause mutation under the assay conditions.
Take Off Your Clothes
Authors: Jack Coulehan
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Single-Staged Compared With Multi-Staged PCI in Multivessel NSTEMI Patients
Authors: Gennaro Sardella, Luigi Lucisano, Roberto Garbo, Mauro Pennacchi, Erika Cavallo, Rocco Edoardo Stio, Simone Calcagno, Fabrizio Ugo, Giacomo Boccuzzi, Francesco Fedele, Massimo Mancone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
The superiority of combination chemotherapy including etoposide based on in vivo cell cycle analysis in the treatment of extensive small-cell lung cancer: a randomized trial of 288 consecutive patients.
Authors: F R Hirsch, H H Hansen, M Hansen, K Osterlind, L L Vindeløv, P Dombernowsky, S Sørensson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1987)

Two hundred and eighty-eight patients with extensive small-cell carcinoma of the lung (SCCL) were entered into a three-arm prospective randomized trial. The purpose was both to compare etoposide with methotrexate (MTX) in a combination chemotherapy regimen otherwise consisting of vincristine (VCR), lomustine (CCNU), and cyclophosphamide (CTX) and to evaluate a treatment design based on cell kinetic observations suggesting enhanced sensitivity to etoposide three to six days after administration of VCR, CCNU, and CTX. In all three treatment arms, VCR, CCNU, and CTX were administered on day 1 of a 28-day cycle. In arm A, MTX was administered on days 14 and 17, while in arm B, MTX was replaced by etoposide administered on days 14 through 17. In arm C, MTX was also replaced by etoposide, but administered on days 3 through 6. Overall survival was significantly longer for patients treated with "early" etoposide (arm C; median, 33 weeks) as compared with arm A (MTX; median, 23 weeks) (P less than .05), but not statistically different from "late" etoposide administration (arm B; median, 27 weeks). However, for patients with initial favorable performance status (0 + 1), a significantly longer survival was obtained for those treated with early etoposide (arm C. median, 51 weeks) as compared with patients in arm A (median, 32 weeks) and arm B (median, 36 weeks) (P less than .05). Two-year survival was obtained in six patients (7%) in arm C compared with three patients (3%) in arm B and none in arm A. The study confirmed that etoposide is an active drug in the treatment of SCCL and when combined with CTX, CCNU, and VCR, the cell kinetic approach of an early administration yields the best results.
Injuries and Traumatic Psychological Exposures Associated with the South Napa Earthquake — California, 2014
Authors: Kathleen R. Attfield, Christine B. Dobson, Jennifer B. Henn, Meileen Acosta, Svetlana Smorodinsky, Jason A. Wilken, Tracy Barreau, Merritt Schreiber, Gayle C. Windham, Barbara L. Materna, Rachel Roisman
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2015)

On August 24, 2014, at 3:20 a.m., a magnitude 6.0 earthquake struck California, with its epicenter in Napa County (1). The earthquake was the largest to affect the San Francisco Bay area in 25 years and caused significant damage in Napa and Solano counties, including widespread power outages, five residential fires, and damage to roadways, waterlines, and 1,600 buildings (2). Two deaths resulted (2). On August 25, Napa County Public Health asked the California Department of Public Health (CDPH) for assistance in assessing postdisaster health effects, including earthquake-related injuries and effects on mental health. On September 23, Solano County Public Health requested similar assistance. A household-level Community Assessment for Public Health Emergency Response (CASPER) was conducted for these counties in two cities (Napa, 3 weeks after the earthquake, and Vallejo, 6 weeks after the earthquake). Among households reporting injuries, a substantial proportion (48% in Napa and 37% in western Vallejo) reported that the injuries occurred during the cleanup period, suggesting that increased messaging on safety precautions after a disaster might be needed. One fifth of respondents overall (27% in Napa and 9% in western Vallejo) reported one or more traumatic psychological exposures in their households. These findings were used by Napa County Mental Health to guide immediate-term mental health resource allocations and to conduct public training sessions and education campaigns to support persons with mental health risks following the earthquake. In addition, to promote community resilience and future earthquake preparedness, Napa County Public Health subsequently conducted community events on the earthquake anniversary and provided outreach workers with psychological first aid training.
Establishment and Characteristics of Cell Strains From Some Epithelial Tumors of Human Origin
Authors: Ya. V. Dobrynin
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1963)

The results of explantation of 167 human epithelial tumors from various sites are described. Growth of specific tumor cells was noted in half the explants. Three stable lines of cells were obtained from tumors of the pancreas (CaPa strain), stomach (CaVe strain), and mammary gland (CaMa strain). Growth of homogeneous epithelium-like cells was observed in cultures of the CaPa strain from the time cultivation was started. During more than 3 years of cultivation the cell composition of the strain did not change. Fibroblast-like cells grew in the cultures of the CaVe and CaMa strains during the first months of cultivation. These cells were later displaced by emergent epithelioid cells. In the next 3 or more years of cultivation the cells of this strain retained their homogeneous epithelioid appearance. Cells with a subtriploid chromosome number predominated in the cultures of the CaMa strain. The cells of the CaMa strain had the properties of epithelium when grown in a plasma clot and sponge substrate, and also when implanted in hamsters.
Plasma Circulating Proteasomes As Biomarkers Along Natural History Of Asymptomatic Monoclonal Gammopathies
Authors: Carlos Fernández de Larrea, Adriana Zingone, Elisabet E. Manasanch, Neha Korde, Peter Wu, Rene Costello, Diamond Zuchlinski, Marcia Mulquin, Debra Burton, Irina Maric, Katherine R Calvo, Maryalice Stetler-Stevenson, Constance Yuan, Mark Roschewski, Ola Landgren
Journal: Blood (2013)
Hypermethylation of the TWIST gene (TG) promoter region is increased in advanced stages and poorly differentiated colorectal carcinoma (CRC)
Authors: R. D. Ruppenthal, C. Nicollini, D. Damin, A. P. Souto Damin, A. F. Ferreira Filho, M. Rosito, C. O. Pereira Alexandre
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

22004 Background: Dysfunctional methylation of GC-rich gene promoters is an epigenetic event leading to silencing of tumor suppressor genes. The TG is localized on chromosome 7p21 and its product, a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor is involved in the process of metastatic dissemination through regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition program and E-cadherin expression. Objectives: To evaluate the correlation of TG hypermethylation with clinical and pathological prognostic factors in CRC. Methods: We evaluated the clinical and pathological features of 78 patients with a diagnosis of CRC and the methylation status of TG from colonoscopy biopsies of the primary CRC and normal colorectal mucosa of these patients. We also analysed 48 biopsies of normal mucosa of control patients (no CRC). After extraction of genomic DNA and its treatment with sodium bissulfite, the pathological samples were submitted to MSP-PCR analysis. Results: Patients were aged 35–90 years (median 64 years), 39 (50%) patients were women and 60 (77%) of patients had more than 50 years. No TG hypermethylation was found in the biopsies of the 48 patients of the control group. In contrast, 27% (21/78) of the biopsies of normal appearing mucosa of CRC patients demonstrated TG hypermethylation. There was a significant difference in the hypermethylation status of poorly differentiated CRC when compared to moderately differentiated CRC (P=0,044). The frequency of TG hypermethylation increased in more advanced CRC stages, as follows: stage I –13% (2/15), stage II –43% (9/21), stage III –64% (14/22), and stage IV –78% 14(18), (P=0,001). No statistical differences were found between TG hypermethylation status regarding to age, sex, tumor location and overall survival in this cohort of patients. Conclusions: Hipermethylation of the TG promoter region is progressively increased during CRC tumorigenesis and occurs more frequently in histologically poorly differentiated tumors. The role of TG Hypermethylation as a prognostic factor in colorectal cancer deserves further investigation. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Combined experience at three breast centers with routine use of an intraoperative margin assessment device including comparison to historical re-excision rates.
Authors: Mary L. Sebastian, Alice Marie Police, Stephanie Akbari, Beth Anglin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

79 Background: Historically there has been a high rate of surgical interventions to obtain clear margins for breast cancer patients undergoing breast conserving local therapy. This study is the first compellation of data among three breast centers to assess the impact of an intraoperative margin assessment tool (MarginProbe) on re-excision rates. This device has been approved for clinical use in the United States since 2013. We present groups of consecutive patients in each of these breast centers – before and after the implementation of routine intraoperative use of the margin assessment device during lumpectomy procedures. Methods: Lesions were localized by standard methods. The intraoperative margin assessment device was used on all circumferential margins of the main specimen, but not on any additional shavings. A positive reading by the device led to an additional shaving of the corresponding cavity location. Specimens were also imaged intra-operatively by X-ray, and additional shavings were taken if needed based on clinical assessment. We established the historical re-excision rates of each surgeon on a consecutive set of patients in a corresponding period just before we began using the device. Results: In total, 165 patients were treated in three institutions up until April 2014. Sixteen patients (9.7%, 16/165) required re-excision. Historical re-excision rates corresponding to periods of use before the intraoperative margin assessment device was put into use were 25.8% (48/186). The re-excision rate was reduced by 62% (P&lt;0.0001). Six re-excisions were due to a positive shaving which was not measured by the device. Conclusions: Use of an intraoperative margin assessment device contributes to achieving clear margins and reducing re-excision procedures. As in some cases positive margins were found on shavings, future studies of interest may include an analysis of the effect of using the device on the shavings intra-operatively.
On the history of political diversity in social psychology
Authors: Kevin R. Binning, David O. Sears
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2015)

Abstract We argue that the history of political diversity in social psychology may be better characterized by stability than by a large shift toward liberalism. The branch of social psychology that focuses on political issues has defined social problems from a liberal perspective since at least the 1930s. Although a lack of ideological diversity within the discipline can pose many of the problems noted by Duarte et al., we suggest that these problems (a) are less apparent when the insights of social psychology are pitted against the insights from other social science disciplines, and (b) are less pressing than the need for other types of diversity in the field, especially ethnic and racial diversity.
The site of first relapse in postmenopausal high-risk node positive operable breast cancer patients
Authors: J. Lakicevic, D. Lakic, M. Sorat
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

772 Background: Adjuvant therapy of “high risk” node positive postmenopausal breast cancer patients (BC pts), specially in group of 65 years and older, is still controversial, concerning the use of systemic chemotherapy (CT). Methods: The analysis was retrospective and included 72 postmenopausal operable BC pts, with N+ (≥4 axillary lymph nodes), treated in Clinical Center of Montenegro. ER and/or PR status was unknown, or it was ER+ and/or PR+. The treatment consisted of radical mastectomy or breast conserving surgery, followed with adjuvant tamoxifen (alone or in combination with CMF or anthracycline based chemotherapy), with or without radiotherapy. Results: Median age of pts were 62 years (range 47–79).19/72 pts were treated with adjuvant tamoxifen alone. Combination tamoxifen and chemotherapy (concomitant or sequential tamoxifen after CT) were applied in 53 pts. Metastatic disease had been registered in 28 pts (39%). In the group of patients 65 yrs and younger 18/40(45%), pts relapsed, the most frequently in liver 6/18. Pts 65 years and older had 10/32 (31%) relapses. Soft tissue (5/10) and bone metastases (4/10) were the most frequently observed first site of relapse, but no relapses were noticed in the liver. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the operable BC may differ biologically between two age groups, at least in the most frequently first relapse sites. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Refractory granulomas of breast: Benign or malignant disease.
Authors: Christopher Mark Freeman, Jaime D Lewis, Elyse E. Lower, Shagufta Khan, Elizabeth Shaughnessy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

21 Background: Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is an uncommon benign inflammatory breast disease of unknown etiology that may mimic malignancy, infectious diseases, or autoimmune conditions requiring a diagnosis of exclusion. Because the differential diagnosis includes benign as well as malignant disease, an organized approach to the diagnosis and its symptom management is needed. Treatment may include corticosteroids, immunosuppression, or in severe refractory cases, surgery. Methods: This IRB-approved single tertiary referral center study was performed to better characterize the presentation, risk factors, differential diagnosis, and treatment options for IGM. All patients identified in a pathology database with a biopsy consistent with IGM were studied. Data collected included demographics, duration and quality of symptoms, imaging results, microbiology, pathology, systemic and surgical therapies, and outcomes. Results: Between 2006 and 2014, 16 eligible patients were identified. Patients with a prior history of IGM, cancer, or other granulomatous diseases were excluded. Twelve patients were evaluable, and four patients were excluded due to insufficient records. The mean age was 31.9 years (23 to 54) with 50% of patients black and 25% Hispanic. Pregnancy occurred within 5 years of biopsy in 67% of patients. The most common presenting symptom was mass (83%) with focal pain (75%), and the mean duration of symptoms was 5.1 months (0.5 to 16). All microbial cultures were negative. Following diagnosis, systemic treatment included antibiotics (58%), corticosteroids (25%), and methotrexate (17%). Due to refractory symptoms and toxicity despite steroids and methotrexate, surgical intervention was necessary in 67%. Partial mastectomy was performed in 50% and total mastectomy in 17%, with one patient requesting mastectomy for palliation. Conclusions: Although rare, IGM is difficult to diagnose and manage, and an accurate diagnosis must exclude malignancy and other granulomatous processes. Despite the benign nature of the disease, surgical intervention may be required. Systemic treatment with corticosteroids and methotrexate may decrease the need for surgical intervention.
간세포암종의 새로운 치료: Systemic therapy : 간세포암에서의 표적 치료
Authors: 이한주 ( Han Chu Lee )
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2008)

Surgical resection, transarterial chemoembolization, percutaneous ethanol injection therapy, radiofrequency ablation, and orthotopic liver transplantation are now widely used for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma, but there has been no standard therapy for patients with advanced stage. Recent advances in molecular biology have identified several important signal transduction pathways during hepatocarcinogenesis, which enables us to control the key elements of these signaling pathways. Accordingly, several new `targeted agents` have been developed and under clinical trials these days. Most of the currently available drugs are inhibitors of receptor tyrosine kinases, Raf kinase or angiogenesis. Sorafenib is the first drug proven to improve the patient`s survival in advanced stage hepatocellular carcinoma. In contrast to previous cytotoxic agents, most of the `targeted agents` do not induce regression of tumors but stabilize disease progression. Therefore, not objective response rate but time-to-progression, progression-free survival or overall patient`s survival should be evaluated to determine the efficacies of these new drugs.
Bone Turnover Biomarkers Are Useful In Monitoring Myeloma Bone Disease and As Early Predictor Biomarkers For Relapse Disease In Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Kay Reen Ting, Abdul Hameed, Jennifer Brady, Paul Dowling, Colin Clarke, Justine Meiller, Constantine S. Mitsiades, Paul G. Richardson, Kenneth C. Anderson, Martin Clynes, Peter O'Gorman
Journal: Blood (2013)
Guiding lay navigation using the distress thermometer.
Authors: Gabrielle Betty Rocque, Richard A. Taylor, Elizabeth Ann Kvale, Aras Acemgil, Wendy Demark-Wahnefried, Karen Meneses, Michelle Martin, Nedra Lisovicz, Maria Pisu, Mona Fouad, Edward E. Partridge
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

195 Background: The Commission on Cancer will require distress evaluation in 2015, given growing emphasis on psychosocial care. We report on a novel use of the distress thermometers (DTs) to frame navigator-patient interactions. Methods: Thirty-eight lay (non-clinical) navigators were trained to utilize a comprehensive distress thermometer to evaluate patients in the Patient Care Connect program (PCCP). The PCCP is a 12-center network throughout AL, MS, GA, FL and TN that serves Medicare patients ≥ 65 with cancer. During patient interactions, navigators assess causes of distress and requests for intervention (barrier). Scores ≥ 4/10 trigger intervention. Navigators report symptom-related barriers to providers for proactive management and address non-clinical barriers by empowering patients to connect to available resources. Results: Of the first 3,000 patients with DTs, pain (n=367), fatigue (n=304), and mobility issues (n=217) were the most common sources of distress. Although pain was common, only 32% requested intervention. Intervention was most often requested for distress related to knowledge deficits about treatment (75%), transportation (69%), and insurance/financial (67%). Patients requested intervention in 32.8% of assessments. Over 90% of all barriers were resolved. Conclusions: The PCCP uses the DT as an integral navigation screening across multiple health systems of varying size and structure. This approach provides continuity and structure to extend the workforce using lay navigators. Use of the DT allows for identification of quality of life, informational, and logistical barriers to care. Monitoring patients using navigator administered DTs is a promising tool for future application across multiple health systems. Additionally, data collected by the DT can be used to identify themes in distress for further research and to design comprehensive interventional programs. The project described was supported by Grant Number 1C1CMS331023 from the Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Medicare &amp; Medicaid Services. The contents of this abstract are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services or any of its agencies.