tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Phase II trial of pegylated Interferon alpha-2b, GM-CSF, and thalidomide in metastatic progressive renal cell carcinoma
Authors: R. Sawhney, F. Brescia, T. Keane, H. Clarke, U. B. Chaudhary
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

4800 Background: Therapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma remains discouraging, with only a small minority achieving meaningful response. A combination of pegylated Interferon, GM-CSF and Thalidomide may result in synergistic enhancement of their apoptotic, anti-angiogenic and immunomodulatory activity. We are therefore conducting a phase II trial to assess the efficacy and toxicity of this novel combination. Methods: Treatment consisted of pegylated Interferon alpha-2b at 1 ug/kg subcutaneously on days 1 and 8, GM-CSF at 250 ug/m2 subcutaneously on days 1 through 10, and Thalidomide at 200 mg orally daily, on an every 21 day schedule. All patients had documented progressive renal cell carcinoma with bidimensionally measureable disease. 7 patients have been enrolled to date, of which 4 are evaluable for response. Results: The median age was 68 years (range 45–78) and ECOG performance status was 1 (7 patients). All patients had prior nephrectomy. According to Motzer’s prognostic model, 2 patients were favorable risk, and 5 patients were intermediate risk. 2 patients had received prior chemotherapy, while none had received prior immunotherapy. Patients have received a median of 4 cycles (range 2–12). Among the 4 evaluable patients, 1 patient has stable disease 25 months after finishing protocol treatment, while 3 patients have developed progressive disease. No objective responses have been noted. The median time to progression was 8 months (range 2–14). Toxicity, evaluable in all 7 patients, was mild. Grade 3 sensory neuropathy was noted in 1 patient, grade 3 fatigue in 1 patient, grade 3 constipation in 1 patient, and no grade 3–4 neutropenia or thrombocytopenia. 1 patient experienced worsening of pre-existing retinal migraines and atrial fibrillation. There were no toxic deaths. One patient died from brain metastasis 2 months after initiation of protocol treatment. Conclusions: This preliminary data suggests that the combination of pegylated Interferon alpha-2b, GM-CSF and Thalidomide is well tolerated with manageable toxicity. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Comorbidity prior to diagnosis in patients with common cancer diagnoses
Authors: H. Olsson, B. Attner, D. Noreen, T. Lithman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e22180 Background: Chronic disease as diabetes, hypertonia and anemia may be associated with cancer risk as well as affect the short term survival of the malignancy. Methods: Using population based registry data from specialist and primary care in our health care region comorbidity in the form of anemia, hypertonia, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, chronic obstructive pulmonary diasease (KOL), and alcohol related diseases for patients with colon-, rectal-, lung-, prostate and breast cancer and survival were studied. Altogether 2047 colon cancer cases, 985 rectal cancer cases, 2017 lung cancer cases, 3578 breast cancer cases and 5106 prostate cancer cases diagnosed 2000–2005 were included. Results: were age and sex adjusted and one year survival was calculated. Comorbidity was studied prior to cancer diagnosis and in order to compare with the general population all first comorbidity diagnoses within 90 days were censored. Results The prevalence of the chronic diseases in the general population was for all ages diabetes 3.2%, rheumatoid arthritis 0.5%, hypertonia 6.8%, anemia 1.1%, KOL 1.0% and alcohol related diagnoses 0.7%. Patients with colon and rectal cancer had a higher prevalence of anemia, and diabetes. Patients with lung cancer had a higher prevalence of anemia, KOL, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis for both men and women and for men also a higher prevalence of alcohol related diseases. Except for alcohol related diseases in females with breast cancer comorbidity for the above diseases was not significantly elevated for breast or prostate cancer. For all diagnoses hypertonia was significantly lower than in the general population. Survival of the different cancer diagnoses was not significantly related to the comorbidity except for a tendency of worse survival for patients with alcohol related disease. Conclusions: The prevalence of some common chronic diseases are elevated especially in colon-, rectal and lung cancer patients. The comorbidity does not seem to affect short term survival of the cancer patient except for alcohol related diagnoses. Our study also indicates the necessity to have all levels of care included in the study base of comorbidity and also emphasizes the need to censor time prior to diagnosis when comparing data with the general population. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Digital Breast Tomosynthesis
Authors: Nehmat Houssami, Diana L. Miglioretti
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Abstract 314: Continuous Intravenous Administration is the Method of Epinephrine Administration Recommended for Treating Anaphylaxis
Authors: Kenji Fujizuka, Minoru Nakano, Mitunobu Nakamura, Takayuki Ogura
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Objective: In general, epinephrine treatment for anaphylaxis involves intravenous bolus administration or intramuscular injection. It is said that intravenous bolus administration has many side effects. Thus it is necessary to exercise caution when using this method. We perform continuous intravenous administration with an initial starting amount of 0.1 μg/kg/min because it can be administered reliably into a blood vessel and it is easy to adjust the dose. In this study, we compared the efficacy and safety of the continuous intravenous administration of epinephrine with those of other administration methods. Methods: The survey period was from April 2005 until March 2013. The patients were those diagnosed with anaphylaxis who were admitted to our hospital`s emergency department, and who were treated with epinephrine. We retrospectively investigated the occurrences of side effects and the course of symptom improvement following administration of epinephrine in two groups: continuous intravenous administration and other. Results: A total of 108 patients were included in the study, 51 in the continuous intravenous administration group and 57 in the other group. SBP was lower in the continuous intravenous administration group than in the other group (88.06 ± 30.04 mmHg vs 98.35 ± 23.78 mmHg, p = 0.006). Otherwise, there were no significant differences in the backgrounds of the two groups. There were zero cases of side effects in the continuous intravenous administration group, and six cases in the other group, and this difference was significant (p = 0.028). Of the patients showing side effects, three received intravenous bolus administration and three received intramuscular administration. There was no significant difference in the time to symptom improvement with treatment from the time of admission. Conclusions: Continuous intravenous administration of epinephrine produced no side effects relating to anaphylaxis, and there was no significant difference in the time to symptom improvement with regard to the method of administering epinephrine.
Experience with Percutaneous Nephrostomy, Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy and Chemolysis in the Treatment of Obstructive Uric Acid Stones
Authors: Ying-Huei Lee, Luke S. Chang, Ming-Tsun Chen, Jong-Khing Huang, Kuang-Kuo Chen, Alex D.L. Lin
Journal: European Urology (1991)
Treatment decision-making preferences in older patients with metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: E. B. Elkin, S. Lee, E. S. Casper, D. Kissane, N. E. Kemeny, D. Schrag
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

8519 Background: Shared decision-making is a tenet of contemporary oncology practice. However, it is uncertain how involved elderly patients want to be in making treatment decisions and how physicians perceive patient preferences for involvement in decision-making. Methods: In structured interviews about multiple facets of chemotherapy treatment decision-making, we asked patients age 70 and older seen at our specialty cancer center with a recent diagnosis of metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) about their preferences for making treatment decisions. We used Degner’s control preference scale to measure patient preference for decision control. Treating oncologists described their perception of each patient’s preference for decision control using the same scale. Control preference was assessed in relation to socio-demographic characteristics and functional status. Results: Of 52 patients interviewed, the mean age was 76 years (range 70–89), 52% were male, 60% were educated beyond high school and 25% required some help with activities of daily living (ADL). Preferences for involvement in treatment decision-making demonstrated marked variation (Table). Compared with female patients, males expressed a stronger preference for decision control (p&lt;0.05). Preference for decision control was somewhat greater in patients under age 80, those with more education, and those with no ADL impairment, but these associations were not statistically significant. In 26% of cases, the treating physician’s perception and the patient’s expressed preference for decision control were concordant. Conclusions: In older patients with advanced CRC, preference for control in treatment decision-making shows marked heterogeneity and some correlation with socio-demographic characteristics and functional status. Physicians’ perceptions of patient preference for decision control are often inconsistent with patients’ actual preferences. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
The Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Brendan J. Clark, Marc Moss
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 614: Clinical implications of NRG1 fusion in invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma of the lung
Authors: Ji-Youn Han, Yeon-Su Lee, Dong Hoon Lee, Dong Wan Hong, Seung Hyun Hong, Jung-Ah Hwang, Byung Il Lee, Hye Jin You, Dong Hoon Shin, Geon Kook Lee
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Background: We investigated the clinical implications of NRG1 fusion, a newly identified oncogenic rearrangement, in surgically resected invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (IMA) of the lung. Patients and Methods: We performed RNA sequencing on 7 lung adenocarcinomas that had no known driver oncogenes and identified a novel fusion, SLC3A2-NRG1 in a case of IMA. The newly detected NRG1 fusion was verified in an IMA cohort of 59 cases using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), direct sequencing and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis. Targeted caner panel sequencing and RT-PCR were performed to identify the possible coexistence of NRG1 fusions and other genetic alterations. Results: After screening 59 IMA, we found a total of 16 NRG1 fusions (13 SLC3A2-NRG1 and 3 CD74-NRG1). Among the 16 cases with NRG1 fusion, concurrent KRAS codon 12 mutations were found in 10 cases. We also found concurrent NRAS Q61L mutation and EML4-ALK fusion in additional two cases with NRG1 fusion. When comparing survival according to the presence of an NRG1 fusion, patients harboring NRG1 fusion showed inferior overall survival (OS) compared to those without NRG1 fusion (median 51.9 months [mo] vs. not reached [NR], P = 0.019). They also showed a trend toward shorter disease-free survival (DFS) (median 21.9 vs. 79.4 mo, P = 0.113). In the stage I IMA, patients with NRG1 fusion showed significantly inferior OS (median 48.1 mo vs. NR, P = 0.009) and DFS (median 18.9 vs. 91.1 mo, P = 0.013) compared to those without NRG1 fusion. Conclusion: NRG1 fusion is an important prognostic factor in IMA and should be considered a novel therapeutic target for IMA. Citation Format: Ji-Youn Han, Yeon-Su Lee, Dong Hoon Lee, Dong Wan Hong, Seung Hyun Hong, Jung-Ah Hwang, Byung Il Lee, Hye Jin You, Dong Hoon Shin, Geon Kook Lee. Clinical implications of NRG1 fusion in invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma of the lung. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 614. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-614
Efficacy and safety of enzalutamide (ENZA) monotherapy in hormone-naive prostate cancer (HNPC).
Authors: Matthew Raymond Smith, Michael Borre, Per Rathenborg, Patrick Werbrouck, Hendrik Van Poppel, Axel Heidenreich, Peter Iversen, Edwina Baskin-Bey, Frank Perabo, De Phung, Bertrand Tombal
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

5001 Background: In locally-advanced prostate cancer, the antiandrogen bicalutamide (Bic) is used to maintain quality of life relative to castration therapy (LHRHa), but efficacy as a monotherapy is limited. ENZA is an oral androgen receptor (AR) inhibitor with higher AR–binding affinity vs Bic, and it prevents nuclear translocation, shows no DNA binding, and induces apoptosis. ENZA was approved in the US after prolonging overall survival in post-docetaxel metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer. This phase 2 study assessed ENZA monotherapy in patients (pts) with HNPC and noncastrate testosterone (T) ≥230 ng/dL. Methods: Pts with any stage HNPC (ECOG PS 0, life expectancy &gt;1 y) requiring hormonal therapy received ENZA 160 mg/d for 25 wks. Primary endpoint was PSA response (≥80% decline at wk 25). Other endpoints were endocrine levels, pharmacokinetics, safety, and metabolic changes (body composition, bone biomarkers, lipids, and glycemic profiles). Results: 67 pts were enrolled. Median age was 73 y; 39% had metastases, 36% and 24% had prior prostatectomy and radiation, respectively. ENZA levels reached steady state after ~4 wks. Mean changes in metabolic outcomes at wk 25 included: –0.24% total body bone mineral density (BMD), –4.15% lean body mass, 6.85% fat body mass, 14.75% bone alkaline phosphatase, 4.55% total cholesterol, 6.48% triglycerides, –1.98% A1c, –0.10% fasting glucose, and 45.06% HOMA-IR. At wk 25, PSA response was 93% (62/67; 95% CI, 86%–99%); median PSA decrease was –99.6%. Mean T and estrogen increased 114% and 72%, respectively; other endocrine increases were observed, the highest was 185% for luteinizing hormone. Most common treatment-emergent AEs were grade 1 and included gynecomastia (36%), fatigue (34%), nipple pain (19%), and hot flush (18%). Five pts had serious AEs (none drug related). Conclusions: ENZA monotherapy achieved a high PSA response rate and marked PSA decline with efficacy similar to castration. In contrast to castration, BMD remained stable and metabolic variables (fat body mass, lipid and glycemic profiles) were not substantially impacted with ENZA monotherapy over the 6 month study period. Endocrine changes and AEs were consistent with potent AR inhibition. Clinical trial information: NCT01302041.
TARGIT-A trial: Updated results for local recurrence and survival for the German centers.
Authors: Frederik K. Wenz, Jayant S. Vaidya, Max Bulsara, Marc Suetterlin, Elena Sperk, Beyhan Ataseven, Steffi Pigorsch, Petra C. Feyer, Jens U. Blohmer, Manfred Kaufmann, Claus Roedel, Klaus Friese, Claus Belka, Erich Solomayer, Jochen Fleckenstein, Tjoung-Won Park-Simon, Michael Bremer, David John Joseph, Jeffrey S. Tobias, Michael Baum
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

1121 Background: In 2010, we reported data on local control and early toxicity for the TARGIT-A trial of intraoperative radiotherapy after lumpectomy for early breast cancer. The updated results and first analysis of survival of the whole cohort (n = 3,451) were presented at San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium in December 2012. We analysed the German cohort of patients, which was supposed to be more homogeneous (prepathology IORT only, homogeneous treatment in EBRT arm) and lower risk (older, smaller tumors, larger margin) than the international cohort of patients due to legal restrictions for radiotherapy studies in Germany. Methods: TARGIT-A was a randomised trial in patients &gt;=50 years with invasive ductal carcinoma (&lt;= 2cm) undergoing breast conserving surgery comparing standard fractionated whole breast EBRT (56 Gy) with single dose TARGIT (20 Gy) immediately after tumor excision / at the time of the primary operation. The experimental arm mandated additional EBRT (46 Gy, excluding a boost, n = 126) if adverse features were detected on final pathology (EIC, N+, margin &lt; 1 cm) making this a “risk-adapted policy”. Median follow-up was 2 years and 5 months. Results: 734 patients recruited from 7 centres in Germany. Patient’s ages were &lt;=50y 3%, 51-60y 33%, 61-70y 51%, &gt;70y 12%. Tumour sizes were 0-1cm 35%, 1.1-2cm 55% and &gt;2cm 11%. Grade I 29%, II 59%, III 12% and nodes negative 81%, 1-3 nodes 16%, &gt;3 nodes 3%. At 5-years, the absolute number of events in TARGIT vs. EBRT were as follows: Primary outcome: IBR 4 vs. 1, Exploratory outcome: All recurrences (breast +axilla+contralateral+distant recurrence) 11 vs. 7, Secondary outcome: All deaths 6 vs. 12, Breast Cancer deaths 3 vs. 5, Non-Breast Cancer deaths 3 vs. 7. Conclusions: Patients in the TARGIT-A trial have excellent 5 year outcomes (local control &gt; 97%, overall survival &gt;= 94%) in both arms of the trial. Clinical trial information: protocol 99PRT/47.
Phase I study of irinotecan (Ir) and cisplatin (DDP) in combination with thoracic radiotherapy (RT), either twice daily (45 Gy) or once daily (70 Gy), in patients with limited (Ltd) small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC): Early analysis of RTOG 0241
Authors: C. J. Langer, S. Swann, M. Werner-Wasik, R. Lilenbaum, W. Curran, A. Sandler, N. Scidmore, M. Samuels, H. Choy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

7058 Background: Ir in combination with DDP has proven superior to DDP &amp; VP-16 in extensive stage SCLC (Noda et al NEJM 1/02), with marked increase in 2 yr survival (19.5%, vs 5.2%). Hence, it is critical to determine if Ir can be safely &amp; effectively integrated with concurrent RT and DDP in earlier stage, Ltd SCLC. Methods: 1° endpoint: Determine maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of Ir d 1 &amp; 8 plus DDP 60 mg/m 2 q 3 wks &amp; either BID RT (45 Gy) or QD RT (70 Gy). Eligibility stipulated Tx-naïve patients (pts) with Ltd SCLC, PS 0–1, adequate heme (ANC ≤ 1500/mL; plts ≥ 120,000/mL) hepatic (bili ≤ 1.5/dL) &amp; renal (creat ≤ 1.5gr/dL) function, &amp; baseline FEV1 of ≥ 1 liter. Ir was escalated in sequential (seq) cohorts from 40 mg/m 2 (level 1) to 50 mg/m 2 (level 2) &amp; then to 60 mg/m 2 (level 3) d 1 &amp; 8 q 3 wks during each cycle of treatment. Ir &amp; DDP were given concurrently with RT for cycle 1 in seq A (45 Gy) &amp; during cycles 1 &amp; 2 in seq B (70 Gy). 36 pts were targeted for accrual. DLT was defined as gr 4 esophagitis, pneumonitis, or diarrhea; gr 4 neutropenic fever, or any attributable gr 5 toxicity Results: As of 12/05, 36 pts were accrued, (21 - seq A; 15 - seq B). Median age was 64 (range 49–79) Of 33 eval pts, 18 (55%) were female; 24 (73%) PS 0; 67% had ≤ 5% wt loss. Attributable DLT was not seen in seq A, but was observed in seq B (70 Gy) at 50 mg/m 2 with 1 episode each of gr 4 diarrhea &amp; esophagitis, necessitating hospitalization. In addition, 1 pt in seq B had non-attributable gr 4 cardiovascular AEs. There has been no acute gr 5 toxicity. 1 pt experienced late gr 3 pulm toxicity, another gr 3 constitutional toxicity, including wt loss. The overall incidence of gr 3 esophagitis was 34%. Conclusions: In Ltd SCLC, I at 60 mg/m 2 d 1 &amp; 8 is safe &amp; feasible in combination with DDP 60 mg/m 2 q 3 wks &amp; BID RT (45 Gy). The MTD for I in combination with RT (70 Gy) &amp; DDP 60 mg/m 2 is 40 mg/m 2 d 1 and 8. Response, progression, survival data remain immature. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]