tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cetuximab+FOLFIRI as first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal CA
Authors: P. Rougier, J.-L. Raoul, J.-L. Van Laethem, M. Peeters, F. Husseini, C. Brezault, L. Cals, J.-C. Vedovato, M. Mueser
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

3513 Background: Cetuximab is an IgG1 monoclonal antibody targeting the EGFR. In irinotecan-refractory metastatic CRC and in first-line therapy trials cetuximab has shown to be active (ASCO 2002, 2003). This phase II trial evaluates the safety and efficacy of cetuximab combined with a FOLFIRI regimen as first-line treatment for pts with EGFR-expressing metastatic CRC. Methods: Cetuximab was given at an initial dose of 400 mg/m2, then 250 mg/m2 i.v. weekly. FOLFIRI was administered every 2 weeks: Irinotecan 180 mg/m2, FA 400 mg/m2 and 5-FU 300 mg/m2 bolus plus infusion of 2,000 mg/m2/46h (low dose group, LD) or 400 mg/m2 bolus plus infusion of 2,400 mg/m2/46h (high dose group, HD). Dose limiting toxicity (DLT) was defined as neutropenia/leukopenia, thrombopenia, alk. phosphatase, bilirubin, ASAT, ALAT or skin toxicity > grade (Gd) 3; neutropenia with fever/infection, anemia, diarrhea, mucositis, creatinine, or any treatment-related organ toxicity > Gd 2 during the first 3 cycles. Results: The first 23 pts were evaluated for DLT, 10 in LD, 13 in HD group. Median age was 66 years (36–76) and median KPS was 90 (60–100). No DLT occurred in the LD group, but 3 DLT in the HD (diarrhea Gd 3, allergy Gd 3, neutropenia Gd 4). 22 pts were evaluable for efficacy: PR 10 (46%, C.I., 25–66%), SD 9 (41%), PD 3 (14%). 7 pts underwent secondary surgery of metastases. So far, median TTP was 10.9 months. To allow a better estimate of safety and efficacy for a planned phase III trial, further 29 patients were enrolled in the HD group that has demonstrated an acceptable safety profile. Safety analysis in the HD group was based on 42 pts. The most frequent grade 3/4 adverse events were diarrhea 14.3%, neutropenia 11.9%, rash, 11.9%, and nausea/vomiting 9.5%. Frequency of acne-like rash of grade 1/2/3/4 was 28.6/26.2/4.8/0 %. 5 pts were still on treatment at the time of abstract submission. Conclusion: The combination of cetuximab with FOLFIRI is safe and feasible in pts with EGFR-expressing metastatic CRC and is clearly active. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Merck KGaA Merck KGaA Merck KGaA Merck KGaA Merck KGaA
The spectrophotometrical analysis of rhododendrol-induced leucoderma using a novel multispectral camera
Authors: M. Inoue, K. Kikuchi, A. Watabe, K. Yamasaki, S. Aiba
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2016)

Many users in Japan of skin brightening/lightening cosmetics containing rhododendrol (RD) have developed leucoderma. Leucoderma appears on skin areas repeatedly treated with RD‐containing cosmetics. RD‐induced leucoderma (RDIL) presents different degrees of well‐defined hypopigmentation. It is crucial to determine the degree of hypopigmentation to differentiate RDIL from vitiligo vulgaris (VV). To quantitatively evaluate hypopigmentation of RDIL lesions and the recovery of pigmentation, and to compare the hypopigmentation with VV and normal skin. Sixteen cases of RDIL, nine cases of VV and 15 healthy controls were examined using a novel multispectral camera (MSC) that can simultaneously obtain the reflection intensity at 10‐nm wavelength intervals from 400 to 760 nm of the photographed area. ∆Absorbance was calculated by subtracting the log of reflection intensity of the target area from that of a white reflection standard. Most RDIL lesions showed lower ∆Absorbance than healthy skin and higher ∆Absorbance than VV lesions between 400 and 550 nm. Statistical comparison of the maximum ∆Absorbance from 420 to 460 nm (Max∆Absorbance) for VV, RDIL and control skin showed that the Max∆Absorbance of RDIL was significantly higher than that of VV and lower than that of control skin. The comparison of ∆Absorbance of the same sites in RDIL lesions between the initial visit and 6 months later showed significant improvement after 6 months. These studies demonstrated quantitative changes in RDIL and its recovery phase and suggested the utility of a MSC in obtaining objective colour information of skin disorders.
Quality and Safety in Health Care, Part XII
Authors: Jay A. Harolds
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2016)

Donabedian felt the 3 major components affecting quality were process, structure, and outcome. Later investigators often substitute the word "structure" for a broader concept called the "work system." One component of the latter is the people involved, and for diagnosis, this often is best done with a diagnostic team. The work system in diagnosis has many obstacles to achieve optimum performance. There are also important problems with how tests are ordered and interpreted and clinical reasoning and biases.
P0190 : Predictive model of mortality in cirrhotic patients with high risk spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
Authors: M. Poca, E. Alvarado, M. Conceptión, C. Pérez-Cameo, N. Cañete, I.J. Gich, C. Romero, M. Casas, E. Román, L. Castells, V. Vargas, J.A. Carrión, C. Guarner, G. Soriano
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
Risk Factors for Asthma at Age 7 to 8 in Early Childhood Wheezers: Results from a Japanese Asthma Cohort Study
Authors: Mayumi Furukawa, Mari Sasaki, Hiroko Watanabe, Koichi Yoshida, Takao Fujisawa, Motohiro Ebisawa, Hiroshi Odajima, Akira Akasawa
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Phase I study of lenalidomide, a novel thalidomide analog, in patients with refractory metastatic cancer
Authors: T. M. Tohnya, J. Gulley, P. M. Arlen, A. Sparreboom, J. Venitz, C. Parker, K. Fedenko, H. Parnes, W. D. Figg, W. L. Dahut
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

13038 Background: Lenalidomide (L), CC5013, is a thalidomide (T) analog that has shown activity in multiple myeloma and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS); including activity in pts refractory to T. Preclinical studies suggest L has more potent immunomodulatory and antiangiogenic activity than T. We have conducted a phase I clinical trial of L to determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD), characterize the side-effects, characterize pharmacokinetics (PK) in pts with solid tumors. Methods: Pts with refractory metastatic cancer were treated on a modified Fibonacci dose-escalation scheme with an oral daily dose of L. Therapy was continued until MTD or disease progression. Results: Forty-five pts have been enrolled (M/F: 37/8). Median age 68 yrs (range, 25–89 yrs). Tumor types include prostate cancer (36 pts), adrenal carcinoma (3 pt), renal cell carcinoma (1 pt), choleangiocarcinoma (1 pt), small intestine cancer (1 pt), colon cancer (2 pt), and melanoma (1 pt). Dose levels were: 5 mg (n = 3), 10 mg (n = 6), 15 mg (n = 3), 20 mg (n = 3 + 7), 25 mg (n = 6), 30 mg (n = 8), 35 mg (n = 6) and 40 mg (n = 3). Due to side effects the dosing schedule was modified from daily dosing to daily dosing for 21 out of 28 days. Therapy has been well tolerated with most frequent gr 1 and gr 2 toxicities include nausea (43%), myalgia (38%), pruritis/rash (54%), and fatigue (38%), neutropenia (30%) with gr 3 diarrhea (n = 1), hypotension (n = 1), pulmonary effusions (n = 1), thromboses (n = 2) and gr 4 neutropenia (n = 2), arrhythmias (n = 1), hemolysis (n = 1). Dose escalation continues. There were no differences observed between dose levels for either oral clearance values (p = 0.47) or the apparent volume of distribution (V z ) values (p = 0.23). Dose-normalized AUC (0-∞) , dose-normalized peak concentrations (C max ), or half-life (t 1/2 ) did not vary between dose levels (p &gt; 0.12). Conclusion: L has been well tolerated up to 35 mg/d (21 days on; 7 days off), doses higher than the recently FDA-approved doses of 5 and 10 mg/d. In this dose range L exhibits linear PK. Tolerability to myelosuppression the dose-limiting toxicity in pts with MDS may therefore be improved in pts without hematological malignancies. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Thrombopoietin Enhances the αIIbβ3-Dependent Adhesion of Megakaryocytic Cells to Fibrinogen or Fibronectin Through PI 3 Kinase
Authors: Giorgio Zauli, Alessandra Bassini, Marco Vitale, Davide Gibellini, Claudio Celeghini, Elisabetta Caramelli, Sabina Pierpaoli, Lia Guidotti, Silvano Capitani
Journal: Blood (1997)
Iatrogenic duodenal perforation during underwater ampullectomy: endoscopic repair using polyglycolic acid sheets
Authors: Yusuke Tonai, Yoji Takeuchi, Hirofumi Akita, Ryoji Takada, Ryu Ishihara, Motohisa Takami, Hiroyasu Iishi
Journal: Endoscopy (2016)

Endoscopic resection is used to treat duodenal lesions [1]. However, the rate of perforation in the duodenum is relatively higher than that in other areas, and such perforation can be fatal [2]. Polyglycolic acid (PGA) sheets can be used to prevent delayed perforation after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in the duodenum [3], and to cover a delayed perforation after gastric ESD [4]. However, no reports have described the usefulness of PGA sheets for treating immediate iatrogenic duodenal perforation during underwater ampullectomy.
Expression of KB Cell Alkaline Phosphatase Isoenzymes During Growth in Immunosuppressed LEW Rats&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: R M Singer, F Herz
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

Alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme expression of human tumor xenografts was studied by the growing of KB cells in immunosuppressed neonatal LEW rats. In culture these cells produced the oncoamniotic (FL) isoenzyme as the major form and the Regan isoenzyme as a minor fraction as well as a "hybrid" that shared properties of both of the other isoenzymes. Despite a reduction in specific activity, this isoenzyme pattern was essentially unchanged during in vivo growth. KB cells "pretreated" in culture with the glucocorticoid prednisolone in hyperosmolal medium exhibited a decrease in the levels of the oncoamniotic (FL) isoenzyme and an increase in the Regan isoenzyme. During growth of pretreated cells in vivo, a time-dependent resumption in the expression of the oncoamniotic (FL) isoenzyme was associated with the disappearance of the Regan isoenzyme. This shows that the expression of the oncoamniotic (FL) isoenzyme is not restricted to human tumor cells monophenotypic with respect to alkaline phosphatase.
Screening for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Otis W Brawley, Donna P Ankerst, Ian M Thompson
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (2009)

In the United States, prostate cancer will affect 1 man in 6 during his lifetime. Since the mid-1980s, screening with the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood test has more than doubled the risk of a prostate cancer diagnosis. A decrease in prostate cancer death rates has been observed since that time, but the relative contribution of PSA testing as opposed to other factors, such as improved treatment, has been uncertain. The recent release of 2 large randomized trials suggests that if there is a benefit of screening, it is, at best, small. Methods to assess a man's risk of prostate cancer, including those tools that integrate multiple risk factors, are now available and should be used in risk assessment. Men undergoing screening for prostate cancer may reduce their risk of prostate cancer with finasteride.
Changing the Direction of Suicide Prevention Research
Authors: Helen Christensen, Pim Cuijpers, Charles F. Reynolds
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Donor cell leukemia arising from clonal hematopoiesis after bone marrow transplantation
Authors: L P Gondek, G Zheng, G Ghiaur, A E DeZern, W Matsui, S Yegnasubramanian, M-T Lin, M Levis, J R Eshleman, R Varadhan, N Tucker, R Jones, C D Gocke
Journal: Leukemia (2016)
The adenocarcinoma-specific stage shift: Closely-repeated low-dose helical CT screening in a high-risk cohort for 10 years
Authors: N. Seki, K. Eguchi, M. Kaneko, H. Ohmatsu, R. Kakinuma, E. Matsui, M. Kusumoto, T. Tsuchida, H. Nishiyama, N. Moriyama
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

1006 Background: Trials of CT screening for lung cancer have not yet proven the presence of a stage shift, to say nothing of a mortality benefit. On the basis of an update from Anti-Lung Cancer Association project, we investigated whether the stage shift did occur during the long-term closely-repeated low-dose helical CT screening in a high-risk cohort. Methods: A total of2,120 participants (mean age 63 yrs, 87% male, and 83% smoker) underwent low-dose helical CT screening semiannually from 1993 to 2004 (median, 3.5 years). Results: Nineteen prevalence and 57 incidence lung cancers were detected. In comparison between baseline and repeated screening, the detection rate was 0.90% vs. 0.32% (P &lt; 0.001) and the tumor size was 24mm vs. 17mm (P = 0.018). Adenocarcinoma (74% and 63%) and stage IA (58% and 79%) were observed most commonly in both screen-groups, respectively, but their proportions showed no significant difference between groups, respectively. Regarding the survival of lung cancer patients, screening type was not a significant prognostic factor. In repeated screening,the detection rate oflung cancer except bronchioloalveolar carcinoma increased significantly depending on CT repeating times (r = 0.50, P = 0.020). Moreover, the proportion of stage II-IV and the tumor size decreased significantly only in invasive adenocarcinoma (r = -0.77, P = 0.007 and r = -0.60, P = 0.029, respectively). Conclusions: The adenocarcinoma-specific stage shift did occur in a high-risk cohort. Considering larger proportion of adenocarcinoma in this population, smokers might benefit from the long-term closely-repeated low-dose helical CT screening. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Carbamylated Erythropoietin Outperforms Erythropoietin in the Treatment of AKI-on-CKD and Other AKI Models
Authors: Florian E. Tögel, Jon D. Ahlstrom, Ying Yang, Zhuma Hu, Ping Zhang, Christof Westenfelder
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2016)

Erythropoietin (EPO) may be a beneficial tissue–protective cytokine. However, high doses of EPO are associate with adverse effects, including thrombosis, tumor growth, and hypertension. Carbamylated erythropoietin (CEPO) lacks both erythropoietic and vasoconstrictive actions. In this study, we compared the renoprotective, hemodynamic, and hematologic activities and survival effects of identical EPO and CEPO doses in rat models of clinically relevant AKI presentations, including ischemia-reperfusion–induced AKI superimposed on CKD (5000 U/kg EPO or CEPO; three subcutaneous injections) and ischemia-reperfusion–induced AKI in old versus young animals and male versus female animals (1000 U/kg EPO or CEPO; three subcutaneous injections). Compared with EPO therapy, CEPO therapy induced greater improvements in renal function and body weight in AKI on CKD animals, with smaller increases in hematocrit levels and similarly improved survival. Compared with EPO therapy in the other AKI groups, CEPO therapy induced greater improvements in protection and recovery of renal function and survival, with smaller increases in systolic BP and hematocrit levels. Overall, old or male animals had more severe loss in kidney function and higher mortality rates than young or female animals, respectively. Notably, mRNA and protein expression analyses confirmed the renal expression of the heterodimeric EPO receptor/CD131 complex, which is required for the tissue-protective effects of CEPO signaling. In conclusion, CEPO improves renal function, body and kidney weight, and survival in AKI models without raising hematocrit levels and BP as substantially as EPO. Thus, CEPO therapy may be superior to EPO in improving outcomes in common forms of clinical AKI.
Waning immunity against mumps in vaccinated young adults, France 2013
Authors: Sabine Vygen, Aurélie Fischer, Laure Meurice, Ibrahim Mounchetrou Njoya, Marina Gregoris, Bakhao Ndiaye, Adrien Ghenassia, Isabelle Poujol, Jean Paul Stahl, Denise Antona, Yann Le Strat, Daniel Levy-Bruhl, Patrick Rolland
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2016)

In 2013, 15 clusters of mumps were notified in France; 72% (82/114) of the cases had been vaccinated twice with measles-mumps-rubella vaccine. To determine whether the risk of mumps increased with time since the last vaccination, we conducted a case-control study among clusters in universities and military barracks. A confirmed case had an inflammation of a salivary gland plus laboratory confirmation in 2013. A probable case presented with inflammation of a salivary gland in 2013 either lasting for > 2 days or with epidemiological link to a confirmed case. Controls had no mumps symptoms and attended the same university course, student party or military barracks. We collected clinical and vaccination data via web questionnaire and medical records. We calculated adjusted odds ratios (aOR) using logistic regression. 59% (50/85) of cases and 62% (199/321) of controls had been vaccinated twice. The odds of mumps increased for twice-vaccinated individuals by 10% for every year that had passed since the second dose (aOR 1.10; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02-1.19; p = 0.02). Mumps immunity waned with increasing time since vaccination. Our findings contributed to the French High Council of Public Health's decision to recommend a third MMR dose during outbreaks for individuals whose second dose dates > 10 years.
Variations in Perinatal Mortality in Gloucestershire: Preliminary Communication
Authors: Charles D Shaw
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1984)

The perinatal mortality rate (PNMR) was calculated for each rural parish in Gloucestershire for the years 1968–79. The characteristics of high- and low-rate parishes (each set comprising about 10% of all births) were contrasted according to routinely recorded fetal, maternal and environmental variables. The overall PNMR in the high-rate set was six times higher than in the low-rate set; congenital malformations and low birth weight distribution could explain about one-third of this difference but the residue wás not attributable to fetal gestation, maternal age or parity or social class as may have been expected. However, there was a strong association with population and housing density. It is suggested that comparisons within districts may provide more sensitive associations with PNMR than comparisons between districts, regions and countries.
Big Gods: Extended prosociality or group binding?
Authors: Luke W Galen
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2016)

Abstract Big Gods are described as having a “prosocial” effect. However, this conflates parochialism (group cohesion) with cooperation extended to strangers or out-group members. An examination of the cited experimental studies indicates that religion is actually associated with increased within-group parochialism, rather than extended or universal prosociality, and that the same general mechanisms underlie both religious and secular effects.
Abstract 11814: Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure as a Strong Predictor for Successful Outcome of Atrial Fibrillation Ablation: A Speckle Tracking Echocardiographic Study
Authors: Mayumi Kaneda, Masanori Kawasaki, Takeshi Hirose, Ryuhei Tanaka, Rieko Matsuoka, Maki Nagaya, Kazuo Amano, Yoshiaki Goto, Shunichiro Warita, Shingo Minatoguchi, Tai Kojima, Koji Ono, Takatomo Watanabe, Shintaro Tanihata, Toshiyuki Noda, Toshiyuki Noda, Sachiro Watanabe, Shinya Minatoguchi
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with left atrial (LA) remodeling caused by LA pressure or volume (LAV) overload represented by the elevated left ventricular filling pressure or LA enlargement. Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) as well as LAV may be useful predictor for successful outcome of AF ablation. The aim of the study was to elucidate the most useful predictor for successful outcome in AF ablation including PCWP measured by a speckle tracking echocardiography (STE). Methods: We measured LAV, LA emptying function (EF), strain and strain rate (SR) by the STE during sinus rhythm before ablation in 137 patients with paroxysmal AF (61±10 years, 80 men) who underwent pulmonary vein isolation. The parameters were compared between non-recurrence (successful) group (n=107, age 61±11, sinus rhythm was continued for more than 1 year) and recurrence group (n=30, age 60±10). The estimated PCWP (ePCWP) was determined as 10.7 - 12.4 x log (active LAEF / minimum LAV), as we previously reported. LA stiffness was calculated as ePCWP/LA strain. We also measured PCWP and LA pressure by cardiac catheterization just before AF ablation in 59 patients. Results: The ePCWP was correlated with PCWP measured by cardiac catheterization (r=0.71, p&lt;0.01). The ePCWP and maximum LAV before ablation in recurrence group increased compared with non-recurrence group (15±3 vs. 11±4 mmHg, and 58±15 vs. 49±15 ml/m2, respectively). LA total and active EF decreased, and LA stiffness increased in recurrence group (39±10 vs. 44±11%, 20±7 vs. 25±10% and 0.83±0.59 vs. 0.47±0.33). In multivariate analysis, ePCWP was independently associated with successful ablation best among LAEF, active EF, maximum LAV and ePCWP. Using 13 mmHg of ePCWP as a cutoff, the sensitivity and specificity for successful ablation were 77 and 73% and the positive and negative predictive value were 44 and 92% (AUC= 0.81). Conclusion: Elevation of ePCWP before AF ablation was the best predictor of AF recurrence after AF ablation. This suggested a strong relation between LV filling pressure and the progression of LA remodeling responsible for AF. The ePCWP estimated by STE is useful to predict the successful outcome of AF ablation.
Ex Vivo Fucosylation Of Cord Blood Accelerates Neutrophil and Platelet Engraftment
Authors: Uday R Popat, Betul Oran, Chitra M. Hosing, Partow Kebriaei, Katy Rezvani, Simrit Parmar, Nina Shah, Catherine M. Bollard, Jeffrey J. Molldrem, Yago Nieto, Borje S. Andersson, Amin Alousi, Roy B. Jones, Laurence J N Cooper, Muzaffar H. Qazilbash, Qaiser Bashir, Sairah Ahmed, Doyle Bosque, Julianne Chen, Jessica McCarty, Gabriela Rondon, Mark Munsell, Ian K. McNiece, Indreshpal Kaur, Eric Yvon, Katherine Annandale, Sarah Olchesky, Marcos J de Lima, Richard E Champlin, Leonard Miller, Linda Paradiso, Lynnet Koh, Patrick A Zweidler-McKay, Elizabeth J Shpall
Journal: Blood (2013)