tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Prescribers’ Notes in Electronic Prescriptions in Ambulatory Practice
Authors: Ajit A. Dhavle, Yuze Yang, Michael T. Rupp, Hardeep Singh, Stacy Ward-Charlerie, Joshua Ruiz
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

The optional free-text Notes field in ambulatory electronic prescriptions (e-prescriptions) allows prescribers to communicate additional prescription-related information to dispensing pharmacists. However, populating this field with irrelevant or inappropriate information can create confusion, workflow disruptions, and potential patient harm.To analyze the content of free-text prescriber notes in new ambulatory e-prescriptions and to develop recommendations to improve e-prescribing practices.We performed a qualitative analysis of e-prescriptions containing free-text prescriber notes for conformance to the intended purpose of the free-text field as established in the national e-prescribing standard. The study sample contained 26 341 new e-prescriptions randomly selected from 3 024 737 e-prescriptions containing notes transmitted to community pharmacies across the United States during a 1-week period (November 10-16, 2013). The study e-prescriptions were issued by 22 549 community-based prescribers using 492 different electronic health record (EHR) or e-prescribing software application systems. Data analysis was conducted from February 23, 2014, to November 4, 2015.Reviewers classified free-text prescriber notes as appropriate, inappropriate (content for which a standard, structured data-entry field is available in the widely implemented national e-prescribing standard), or unnecessary (irrelevant to dispensing pharmacists). We developed and applied a classification scheme to further characterize and quantify types of appropriate and inappropriate content.Of the 26 341 free-text notes, 17 421 (66.1%) contained inappropriate content, 7522 (28.6%) contained appropriate content, and 1398 (5.3%) contained information considered to be unnecessary. Further characterization of inappropriate content resulted in 20 192 classification codes, of which 3841 codes (19.0%) were assigned because of patient directions that conflicted with directions included in the designated standard field intended for this purpose. Characterization of appropriate content resulted in 7785 classification codes, of which 3685 (47.3%) contained information that could be communicated using structured fields already approved in a yet-to-be implemented version of the e-prescribing standard. An additional 745 (9.6%) were prescription cancellation requests for which a separate e-prescribing message currently exists but is not widely supported by software vendors or used by prescribers.The free-text Notes field in e-prescriptions is frequently used inappropriately, suggesting the need for better prerelease usability testing, consistent end user training and feedback, and rigorous postmarketing evaluation and surveillance of EHR or e-prescribing software applications. Accelerated implementation of new e-prescribing standards and rapid adoption of existing ones could also reduce prescribers' reliance on free-text use in ambulatory e-prescriptions.
Senator Criticizes FDA Delays in Approving Generic Drugs
Authors: Rita Rubin
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Therapeutic Efficacy and Cure Of Sensitive and T315I Pan-Resistant Human Ph+ Leukemia In Mice Using a TCR-Like Antibody To WT1/HLA-A0201 Alone, Or In Combination With Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: Leonid Dubrovsky, Elliott Brea, Dmitry Pankov, Nicholas Veomett, Tao Dao, Su Yan, Cheng Liu, David A. Scheinberg
Journal: Blood (2013)
New Concepts in Asthma
Journal: Thorax (1994)

Book notices 91% (compared with 87% for the whole group).The logic behind their supposition that the accuracy of high resolution CT scanning would be diminished if only applied to cases which are biopsy proven is not clear.They might have supposed that only cases with atypical clinical presentation or radiographic features were confirmed by biopsy (in our practice some patients with typical fibrosing alveolitis may undergo biopsy for the evalu- ation of disease activity).In any event, we can dismiss the suggestion that including "biopsy unproven" cases in our study resulted in an overstatement of the accuracy of high resolution CT scanning in making the diagnosis of fibrosing alveolitis.
Uptake of antiretroviral therapy and male circumcision after community-based HIV testing and strategies for linkage to care versus standard clinic referral: a multisite, open-label, randomised controlled trial in South Africa and Uganda
Authors: Ruanne V Barnabas, Heidi van Rooyen, Elioda Tumwesigye, Justin Brantley, Jared M Baeten, Alastair van Heerden, Bosco Turyamureeba, Philip Joseph, Meighan Krows, Katherine K Thomas, Torin T Schaafsma, James P Hughes, Connie Celum
Journal: The Lancet HIV (2016)
The functions of ritual in social groups
Authors: Rachel E. Watson-Jones, Cristine H. Legare
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2016)

Abstract Ritual cognition builds upon social learning biases that may have become specialized for affiliation within social groups. The adaptive problems of group living required a means of identifying group members, ensuring commitment to the group, facilitating cooperation, and maintaining group cohesion. We discuss how ritual serves these social functions.
EGF Receptor Inhibition by Erlotinib Increases Aquaporin 2–Mediated Renal Water Reabsorption
Authors: Pui W. Cheung, Naohiro Nomura, Anil V. Nair, Nutthapoom Pathomthongtaweechai, Lars Ueberdiek, Hua A. Jenny Lu, Dennis Brown, Richard Bouley
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2016)

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is caused by impairment of vasopressin (VP) receptor type 2 signaling. Because potential therapies for NDI that target the canonical VP/cAMP/protein kinase A pathway have so far proven ineffective, alternative strategies for modulating aquaporin 2 (AQP2) trafficking have been sought. Successful identification of compounds by our high–throughput chemical screening assay prompted us to determine whether EGF receptor (EGFR) inhibitors stimulate AQP2 trafficking and reduce urine output. Erlotinib, a selective EGFR inhibitor, enhanced AQP2 apical membrane expression in collecting duct principal cells and reduced urine volume by 45% after 5 days of treatment in mice with lithium-induced NDI. Similar to VP, erlotinib increased exocytosis and decreased endocytosis in LLC-PK1 cells, resulting in a significant increase in AQP2 membrane accumulation. Erlotinib increased phosphorylation of AQP2 at Ser-256 and Ser-269 and decreased phosphorylation at Ser-261 in a dose-dependent manner. However, unlike VP, the effect of erlotinib was independent of cAMP, cGMP, and protein kinase A. Conversely, EGF reduced VP–induced AQP2 Ser-256 phosphorylation, suggesting crosstalk between VP and EGF in AQP2 trafficking and a role of EGF in water homeostasis. These results reveal a novel pathway that contributes to the regulation of AQP2–mediated water reabsorption and suggest new potential therapeutic strategies for NDI treatment.
Outcomes in patients with primary gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma after rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone (R-CHOP) chemotherapy
Authors: B. Sohn, D. Yoon, S. Kim, D. Lee, S. Kim, J. Huh, J. Lee, C. Suh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e19543 Background: The optimal therapy for primary gastric diffuse large B- cell lymphoma (DLBCL) still needs to be defined. The aim of this study was to investigate the patient's outcomes after rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone (R-CHOP) treatment in primary gastric DLBCL in a single institution. Methods: We searched AMC Registry for Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma and found 26 patients with primary gastric DLBCL, who received R-CHOP as first-line chemotherapy. Ten of 26 patients had localized disease. Remaining patients had disseminated disease. R-CHOP was repeated every 21 days in all patients. Results: Overall, complete response (CR) was observed in 20 of 26 patients (76.9%). Three-year event free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) was 76.5% and 75.0%, respectively. After analyses of 10 patients with localized disease, we found that these patients had received a total 38 cycles, with a median of 3 cycles per patient. Of 10 patients, one patient had 2 cycles of R-CHOP, 4 had 3 cycles, and one had 4 cycles, all 6 patients above followed by consolidation radiotherapy. Remaining one patient and 4 patients had 5 cycles and 6 cycles of R-CHOP, respectively. In patients with localized disease, CR was observed in 10 of 10 patients (100%), and both 3-year EFS and OS was 100% (10 of 10 patients). In analyses with 16 patients with disseminated disease, all patients had received a total 91 cycles, with a median of 6 cycles per patient. In these patients, two patients had radiation therapy after R-CHOP, one patient had CR before consolidation radiation therapy, and another had partial response before radiation therapy. CR after R-CHOP treatment was observed in 10 of 16 patients (62.5%), partial response in 3 patients, stable disease in 1 patient, and progressive disease in 1 patient. Three-year EFS and OS was 61.1% and 57.8% in patients with disseminated disease. Conclusions: R-CHOP regimen showed a promising result in primary gastric DLBCL. Combination with rituximab in CHOP regimen showed excellent prognosis especially in patients with localized disease. In localized disease, CR was 100%, 3-year EFS and OS was 100%. In disseminated disease, CR was 62.5%, 3-year EFS and OS was 61.1% and 57.8%. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Hypoxic perfusion with mitomycin-C in the treatment of multifocal liver metastases and primary tumors: A mono-institutional series of 42 patients.
Authors: M. Bregni, A. Bagliani, D. Toniolo, P. Belloni, B. Caspani, F. Motta, M. Mastore, E. Campagnoli, E. Setola, L. Belli
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e14100 Background: Local-regional (L-R) treatments are utilized in chemoresistant liver metastases or primary tumors not amenable to surgery. In patients with multifocal metastases we modified this approach by inducing a stop-flow of the hepatic artery by an angiographic balloon-catheter, followed by infusion of MMC and by embolization of the arterial vascular supply of the tumor with a gelatine sponge. This hypoxic perfusion with MMC combines the hypoxia effect, which improves the cytotoxic activity of MMC, and the ischemic damage induced by the embolization, with the advantage of targeting the whole liver and to reach also small, peripheral lesions. Methods: Forty-two patients, all refractory to L-R and to systemic treatments, were treated with hypoxic perfusion with MMC from June 2001 to May 2009 (56 total procedures). Main patient characteristics are seen in the Table. Results: Patients remained in–hospital for median 10 days (range 7-15). Side effects associated with the procedure were: liver toxicity (median CTCAE grade 2), 1 acute pancreatitis (CTCAE grade 4), 1 liver failure (CTCAE grade 5). At a 30-day follow-up CT scan, PR was observed in 29% of patients, SD in 45%, and PD in 26%. Response had a 4 month-median duration (range 3-6). Median OS from disease relapse for all patients was 20 months, and 30 months for patients with colorectal cancer. Conclusions: The procedure is feasible, with an acceptable toxicity and treatment-associated mortality. Better patient selection can further improve results. Median age (range) 57 (33-78) M/F 25/17 Median ECOG score (range) 1 (0-2) Previous L-R treatments, including surgery 60% Previous systemic treatments (range) 2 (1-3) Primary tumors: No. of patients (%) Colangiocarcinoma 6 (14) Metastatic tumors: Colorectal 25 (60) Pancreas 3 (7) Neuroendocrine tumors 2 (5) Uveal melanoma 2 (5) Gastric 2 (5) Ovarian 1 (2.3) Fibrosarcoma 1 (2.3) No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Global deaths from road incidents plateau
Authors: Anne Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2015)

<h3>Objective</h3> Previous studies found an association between hypnotic use and mortality risk. The prospective outcome data and the many baseline risk factors included in the Women9s Health Initiative (WHI) provide an opportunity to better understand the reasons for this association. <h3>Setting</h3> The WHI is a long-term national health study that focused on strategies for preventing disease in postmenopausal women. Participants were enrolled from 1993 to 1998. <h3>Design</h3> Baseline hypnotic use was evaluated for an association with subsequent mortality or disease after adjusting for baseline risk. <h3>Subjects</h3> 148 938 postmenopausal women between the ages of 50 and 79 throughout the USA. The median follow-up was 8 years. <h3>Main outcome measures</h3> Mortality. Secondary outcomes included myocardial infarction, stroke, diabetes and seven types of cancer. <h3>Results</h3> For persons who use hypnotic medications almost daily the age-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for mortality was 1.62 (95% CI 1.50 to 1.74). Greater hypnotic use was associated with less healthy levels of physical function, general health and smoking at baseline. After adjustment for these factors the HR for almost daily hypnotic use was 1.14 (1.06 to 1.23) for mortality and 1.53 (1.18 to 1.99) for melanoma; it was not significantly associated with increased incidence of other diseases tested. Less frequent hypnotic use and several types of sleeping difficulties were not associated with mortality, but sleeping more than 10 h a night had a risk-adjusted HR for mortality of 1.28 (1.01 to 1.61). <h3>Conclusions</h3> The association of hypnotic use with mortality and incident disease was greatly reduced after adjusting for baseline risk factors. These findings do not support a strong independent association of hypnotic use with most health outcomes.
BET inhibition represses miR17-92 to drive BIM-initiated apoptosis of normal and transformed hematopoietic cells
Authors: Z Xu, P P Sharp, Y Yao, D Segal, C H Ang, S L Khaw, B J Aubrey, J Gong, G L Kelly, M J Herold, A Strasser, A W Roberts, W S Alexander, C J Burns, D C S Huang, S P Glaser
Journal: Leukemia (2016)
Metabolism of N-Nitrosohexamethyleneimine To Give 1,6-Hexanediol Bound to Rat Liver Nucleic Acids23
Authors: Allan E. Ross, Sidney S. Mirvish
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

Rats were gavaged with the liver carcinogen H-nitrosohexamethyleneimine labeled with 3H or 14C and killed 16 hours later. The liver RNA and DNA were isolated and hydrolyzed with 1 M HCl at 100 degrees C. Chromatography of the 3H-labelled RNA hydrolysate on a cation exchange resin (NH4+ form), with water elution, separated five radioactive peaks, with peak "E" containing 27% of the bound 3H. There were no radioactive peaks in the 7-substituted guanine region. Hydrolysis of the 3H-labeled DNA gave a similar profile, but E contained only 5% of the 3H. The major component of E was identified as 1,6-hexanediol by its behavior and/or that of its benzoate derivative on cation exchange, anion exchange, thin-layer and gas-liquid chromatography, and by recrystallization of a mixture of the E and diol benzoates to constant specific radioactivity.
Monotheism versus an innate bias towards mentalizing
Authors: Fintan John Costello
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2016)

Abstract Norenzayan et al.’s account for the spread of monotheistic “Big God” religions sees these religions originating as by-products of innate cognitive biases. These biases produce polytheistic rather than monotheistic systems, however, and so do not explain the origin of monotheism. Accounts where monotheism arises from polytheism (for political reasons, for example) appear better able to explain the spread of monotheism.
Reduction in C‐reactive protein indicates successful targeting of the IL‐1/IL‐6 axis resulting in improved survival in early stage multiple myeloma
Authors: John A. Lust, Martha Q. Lacy, Steven R. Zeldenrust, Thomas E. Witzig, Laurie L. Moon‐Tasson, Charles A. Dinarello, Kathleen A. Donovan
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2016)

We report the long‐term follow‐up results of a phase II trial of IL‐1 receptor antagonist and low‐dose dexamethasone for early stage multiple myeloma (MM). Patients were eligible if they had smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) or indolent multiple myeloma (IMM) without the need for immediate therapy. Forty seven patients were enrolled and subsequently treated with IL‐1Ra; in 25/47 low‐dose dexamethasone (20 mg weekly) was added. The primary endpoint was progression‐free survival (PFS). In the clinical trial, three patients achieved a minor response (MR) to IL‐1Ra alone; five patients a partial response (PR) and four patients an MR after addition of dexamethasone. Seven patients showed a decrease in the plasma cell labeling index (PCLI) which paralleled a decrease in the high sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP). The median PFS for the 47 patients was 1116 days (37.2 months). The median PFS for patients without ( n = 22) and with ( n = 25) a decrease in their baseline hs‐CRP was 326 days (11 months) vs. 3139 days (104 months) respectively ( P &lt;0.0001). The median overall survival (OS) for the 47 patients was 3482 days (9.5 years). The median OS for patients without and with a decrease in their baseline hs‐CRP was 2885 days (7.9 years) vs. median not reached, respectively ( P = 0.001). In SMM/IMM patients at risk for progression to active myeloma, reduction in the hs‐CRP indicates successful targeting of the IL‐1/IL‐6 axis resulting in improved PFS and OS. (Clinical Trials.gov Identifier: NCT00635154) Am. J. Hematol. 91:571–574, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Authoritarian and benevolent god representations and the two sides of prosociality
Authors: Kathryn A Johnson, Adam B Cohen
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2016)

Abstract The Big Gods model focuses on belief in an authoritarian God as a psychological mechanism that inhibits antisocial behavior and facilitates the formation of tight, cohesive groups. Recent empirical evidence suggests, however, that belief in a benevolent God is more likely to inspire helping and inclusivity. Both kinds of beliefs are necessary to explain the development of large-scale societies.
Preliminary results from the Sexual Therapy and Rehabilitation after Treatment for Ovarian Cancer (START-OC) study.
Authors: Sharon L. Bober, Jaime E. Blackmon, Christopher J. Recklitis, Alexi A. Wright
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

127 Background: For ovarian cancer (OC) survivors, serious sexual dysfunction is one of the most distressing long-term side effects of treatment, with up to 90% survivors reporting a loss of interest in sexual activity for years after diagnosis. Despite the prevalence and magnitude of the problem, treatment-related sexual dysfunction and accompanying psychological distress are not addressed for most survivors. There is a critical need to address these problems for OC survivors. Methods: We are currently piloting a novel psychosexual intervention to help women manage sexual changes and improve sexual functioning after ovarian cancer treatment. Guided by Self-Determination Theory, this group-based intervention also aims to enhance women’s self-efficacy to address problems. Eligibility criteria include: OC diagnosis, functional ability, and sexual dysfunction. Women participate in a single half-day workshop, complete questionnaires, and engage in a booster telephone session. Detailed workshop evaluations are collected to assess women’s feedback of the group session. This study is currently enrolling. Results: To date, 369 women have been contacted, of which 45 (12.2%) have attended or are scheduled to attend a group session. Preliminary feedback data indicate high favorability of the group session; 100% of the women (N = 16) agreed or strongly agreed that the content of the group session was easy to understand and that the group session gave helpful information for addressing treatment-related sexual problems. Additionally, 100% of participants agreed that they were satisfied with the group session and enjoyed participating in it. Conclusions: Preliminary data show that women report multiple benefits from the session content and are highly satisfied with the group session. However, low response rates raise several questions with regard to timing and recruitment of a sexual health intervention after OC treatment. Next steps include quantitative analyses of changes in sexual function, sexual knowledge, and sexual self-efficacy consequent to the group intervention. Clinical trial information: NCT02287519.
Tmem14c Plays An Essential Role In Mitochondrial Heme Metabolism
Authors: Barry H. Paw, Yvette Y. Yien, Raymond F Robledo, Iman J. Schultz, Naoko Takahashi-Makise, John Philllips, Non Miyata, Babette Gwynn, Tamara A. Dailey, Eric Pierce, Gordon J. Hildick-Smith, Jeffrey D. Cooney, Wen Chen, Dhvanit I. Shah, Shilpa M Hattangadi, Paul D Kingsley, James Palis, Alan B. Cantor, Carla M. Koehler, Harvey F. Lodish, Jerry Kaplan, Harry A. Dailey, Diane McVey Ward, Luanne L. Peters
Journal: Blood (2013)
Responses of Chinese Hamster and L Cells to 2′-Deoxy-5-Fluoro-Uridine and Thymidine&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: T. C. Hsu, Ronald M. Humphrey, Carolyn E. Somers
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1964)

The known inhibitor of thymidylic acid formation, 2′-deoxy-5-fluoro-uridine (FUdR), was used to treat 2 Chinese hamster cell strains and mouse L-M cells in culture. A few hours after the FUdR treatment, the mitotic rate in all 3 cell strains was drastically reduced. Cells in mitosis following the introduction of FUdR had chromatid breaks that appeared to correlate with deoxyribonucleic-acid (DNA) synthesis activity of the chromosomes. Because thymine deficiency created by FUdR can be overcome by addition of thymidine to the growth medium, the latter was used to reverse the inhibition. A high mitotic rate in all cultures was observed after this reversal. At the time of the first burst of mitotic activity after reversal, chromosome damage appeared almost nil. However, mitotic cells observed both before and after the sudden rise in mitotic index had numerous shattered chromosomes. Probably cells blocked at the entry of S phase were not seriously damaged by the thymineless state, whereas cells already in the early S phase sustained damage. The addition of thymidine apparently triggered DNA synthesis and mitosis, but the basic lesions could not be repaired. The L-M cells were more resistant to FUdR treatment, but chromosome damage was likewise evident in them when treatment was prolonged.