tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P288: Cardiovascular Disease, Risk Factors, and Physical Activity are Significant Predictors of Self-Rated Health and Well-Being
Authors: Erica Schorr, Corjena Cheung, Kristine Talley, Jean Wyman, Siobhan McMahon, John Hughes
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction:  Self-rated health, a measure of general health, is recognized as a valid measure for predicting future health outcomes, especially survival. In this study, the role of cardiovascular disease (CVD), CVD risk factors, and level of physical activity (PA) in predicting self-rated health and well-being was investigated. It was hypothesized that individuals who reported having CVD, at least one CVD risk factor (e.g., hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, or current cigarette smoking), or not meeting current PA guidelines (≥ 30 min. moderate-intensity aerobic activity at least 5 days/week) would report lower general health and well-being scores than individuals without CVD, CVD risk factors, or meeting current PA guidelines.   Methods:  Participants were English speaking adults, aged 55 years and older, attending the 2014 Minnesota State Fair. Self-reported questionnaires were used to gather data on PA, CVD, CVD risk factors, general health, and well-being. The Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity was used to assess level of PA. General health was assessed with a comparative self-rated health question: “In general, compared to other people your age, would you say that your health is” with the response items “excellent,” “very good,” “good,” “fair,” or “poor.” Well-being was assessed with the Cantril self-anchoring striving scale (i.e., Cantril-ladder). Proportional odds models were applied to the data to examine the effect of CVD, CVD risk factors, and levels of PA on self-rated health and well-being.   Results:  Study participants ( N =434) were primarily white (94%), college educated (75%) females (58%) with a mean age of 65.1 ( SD =7.0) years. More than half (62.7%) met the PA guidelines and 49.5% reported at least one of the following: heart disease, stroke, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, or diabetes. Only 1.1% were current smokers, thus smoking was excluded from final analyses. Meeting the PA guidelines was associated with higher Cantril scores ( p  p =0.046). Similarly, individuals who reported meeting the PA guidelines had higher comparative self-rated health scores ( p  p =0.018).   Conclusions:  CVD, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, and levels of PA below the recommended guidelines predict lower self-rated general health and well-being. These findings underscore the importance of interventions to improve PA, particularly among individuals with CVD or who are at risk for CVD, to improve perceptions of general health and well-being, and ultimately overall health outcomes.
Cancer patients’ awareness and role in family-based medical decision-making mode in Confucian area.
Authors: Xing Li, Min Dong, Jing-yun Wen, Li Wei, Xiao-kun Ma, Yan-Fang Xing, Xiang-yuan Wu, Qu Lin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

227 Background: Medical decision making of Chinese patients was family based, which was criticized for the latent moral risk. However, few studies have systematically illustrated the risks of the mode. We aimed to illustrate the determinant of patients’ role in decision making. Methods: A total of 644 adult cancer patients were included in this study between September 1, 2013 and December 31, 2013 from 13 leading general hospitals across China. A questionnaire was give to the oncologists in charge to evaluate each patient concerning the interaction between family and cancer patients, patients’ awareness of disease and participation in medical decision making in mainland China. In this study, the family statuses of patients were ranked as superordinate (one who was the major decision maker in family), equality (one discussed important issues with family members), and subordinate (those who usually don’t be involved in significant family issues). Results: Among the 644 cancer patients, only 125 (19.4%) patients made decision themselves. 291 (45.2%) patients delegated decision making to their family. The rest of 228 (35.4%) patients were involved in decision making. Patients with nonlocal insurance, which meant they traveled to the major cities for advanced medication, were inclined to let their family members make decision for them. Patients’ family status significantly determined their participation in medical decision making. Patients, as superordinate family members, tend to play a positive role in medical decision. By contrast, patients with subordinate role in family continued to play a passive role in medical decision making. Violation of medical recommendation increased according to the severity of patients’ prognosis. The reasons of violation were mainly financial problems. Distrust to doctors presented in merely about 5% of the cases. And conflicts between family members were extremely scarce. Bad news was always hidden from patients, especially for those with incurable disease. Conclusions: Medical decision making of Chinese cancer patients was family based. Patients’ awareness of disease and participation in medical decision making relied on their family status and family financial situation.
Abstract P239: Clockwise and Counterclockwise Rotation of QRS Transition Zone and Cardiovascular Events: The Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities (ARIC) Study
Authors: Siddharth Patel, Sunil Agarwal, Larisa Tereshchenko, Joseph Coresh, Elsayed Soliman, Kunihiro Matsushita
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction:  Clockwise and counterclockwise rotations of QRS transition zone in horizontal plane are long recognized electrocardiogram (ECG) findings, but data on their prognostic values are sparse.   Hypothesis:  We hypothesized that clockwise and counterclockwise rotations of QRS transition zone are associated with future cardiovascular disease (CVD) events (coronary heart disease [CHD], heart failure [HF], and stroke).   Methods:  We studied 13518 middle aged (45-65 years) individuals from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study, a community based cohort from 1987-1989 through 2010. Given the difference in cardiovascular risk, we decided a-priori to examine women and men separately.   Results:  During an average follow-up of 21.7 years, 5043 CVD events (2232 CHD events, 1910 HF events, and 901 stroke events) were observed. Compared to normal rotation, clockwise rotation was significantly associated with higher risk of CVD (Table) in Model 1 in both men and women. The association remained significant after adjusting for potential confounders only in women. In terms of individual CVD subtypes, clockwise rotation was significantly associated with CHD (hazard ratio=1.31, 95% CI =1.01-1.70) and HF (1.48, 1.18-1.85) but not with stroke (1.08, 0.74-1.58) in women in Model 4. The association between clockwise rotation and CVD risk in women was consistent across demographic and clinical subgroups. In contrast, the counterclockwise rotation was not significantly associated with cardiovascular risk overall in both sexes.   Conclusions:  A clockwise QRS axis rotation was associated with cardiovascular events in some models in both sexes, but the association was more robust in women than in men. A counterclockwise rotation did not confer independent cardiovascular risk in either sex in these data. Our results suggest that the overall prognostic value of clockwise/counterclockwise rotation is modest, but clockwise rotation in women may deserve clinical attention and further studies.
Three questions about study on treatments for pyoderma gangrenosum
Authors: Noha Elshimy
Journal: BMJ (2015)

I have a few questions and critiques for the authors about this excellent study of treatments for pyoderma gangrenosum.1

Firstly, why were patients who had taken rosuvastatin excluded from the study, and what would have been the perceived effects of this on your results?

Secondly, the study was not double blinded. Patients and …
3-D irradiated lung and heart volume predictions from 2-D datasets: Value of CT-based treatment planning in postmastectomy tangential beam radiation therapy
Authors: V. Shankar, C. Haritha, H. J. Prajapati, R. Bhatt, J. Parmar, A. Shanubhogue
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

11013 Background: Lung and heart complications in breast cancer treatment are directly related to the irradiated volumes, technique, total radiation dose and type of chemotherapy. 3D dose calcuations allow computation of the DVH’s &amp; a realistic NTCP associated with breast cancer RT. 1) Study aims to evaluate the impact of the 2-D radiographic parameters on the volumetric dose of the lung and heart, for patients undergoing postmastectomy,postchemo radiation therapy. (2)To deduce the analytical equations for the quick estimation of the irradiated volume based on the distances obtained from the digitally reconstructed radiographs. Methods: Between August 2002–2006, 162 postmastectomy patients underwent 5wk course of tangential CW irradiation ± Axillary / SCL radiation to a total dose of 50gy/25#. After adequate immobilization on the CT compatable breast board, CT scans with 1cm slice intervalsof the chest were performed, covering lung apex to lung base. The ipsilateral total lung area and the lung area included within the treatment port were countered on each CT slice.It is multiplied by slice thickness, and then integrated in all CT slices to give volumes.Parameters used to deduce irradited lung volume (n=104) studied from the DRR included Central lung distance-CLD, Maximum perpendicular distance-MPD, Length of the lung-L &amp; Parameters related to heart are measured only in left breast irradiation (n=58) included: Maximum heart distance-MHD, Maximum heart length MHL.Linear regression analysis is applied to test relationship between the percentage of ipsilateral lung volume involved and the CLD / MPD / L and similarly between MHD / MHL and the cardiac volume in irradiation. Results: Predicted irradiated volume for: Right Lung = 4.0118+6.6474(CLD) OR -5.965 + 6.827(MLD) Left Lung = 6.6395(CLD) OR 5.431(MLD) Heart = 7.325(MHD) OR 6.742(CLD) Conclusions: The conclusion of the present study, to the best of our knowledge, is the largest series reported so far in the literature. CLD and MLD deduced from the DRR, are the direct measures of the lung volumes irradiated in tangential breast irradiation ( r 2 =0.91 &amp; 0.79).While MHD and CLD appear to be direct measure of the irraidiated heart volume (r 2 =0.98 &amp; 0.91). No significant financial relationships to disclose.
HEALTH HAZARDS OF PESTICIDES
Authors: M A Mwanthi, V N Kimani
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mast cell tryptase density correlates to angiogenesis in female breast cancer patients
Authors: A. Rella, R. Patruno, G. Celano, P. Valerio, G. Gadaleta-Caldarola, A. Catino, V. Fazio, C. D. Gadaleta, G. Ranieri
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

22100 Background: Angiogenesis is an important pathway for tumour growth and progression. The angiogenic factors can be released from tumour cells but also from host inflammatory cells such as macrophages and mast cells (MC). Several published data suggest that MC are involved in angiogenesis due to the release of several pro-angiogenic factor such as Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor or Fibroblast Growth Factor. A MC involvement has been suggested in several human and animal tumour but few data are reported in human breast cancer. Methods: To evaluate the correlations between MC tryptase density (MCTD) and microvessel density (MVD) a series of 66 T1–3, N0–2 M0 female breast cancer were analysed. After surgery, formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tumours were cut and 6-micrometer thick serial sections for each tissue sample were obtained. A three layer biotin-avidin-peroxidase method was adopted. For the evaluation of both MVD and MCTD the anti CD-31 (clone JC/70A; Dako, Glostrup Denmark) and the anti tryptase (clone AA1; Dako, Glostrup, Denmark) monoclonal antibodies were respectively utilized. The five most vascular areas “hot spot” were selected at low magnification (100x Leitx Orthoplan Germany) and both individual vessels and mast cell positive to tryptase were counted at 400x fields and 1000x fields in the serial sections. Both MVD and MCTD means and standard deviations (s.d.) were twice determined for each tumour sample and in the global series. Results: In our study MVD mean were 31±15 and 8±4 at 400x and 1000x respectively while MCTD mean were 9±5 and 4±2 s.d. at 400x and 1000x respectively. The correlation analysis between MVD and MCTD was significantly p=0,002, r=0,6 and p=0,004; r=0,5 by Pearson's analysis respectively. No other correlation regarding MCTD or MVD and the main clinical pathological features was found. Conclusions: Our preliminary data suggest that MCTD may play a role in breast cancer angiogenesis by the release of pro-angiogenic factor. Accordingly the inhibition of degranulation or activations of MC may be a new antiangiogenetic target worthy to further investigations. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
The Applicability Of The WHO Classification In Pediatric AML. A NOPHO-AML Study
Authors: Julie Damgaard Sandahl, Eigil Kjeldsen, Jonas Abrahamsson, Shau-Yin Ha, Jesper Heldrup, Kirsi Jahnukainen, Ólafur G Jónsson, Birgitte Lausen, Josefine Palle, Bernward Zeller, Erik Forestier, Henrik Hasle
Journal: Blood (2013)
Recommendations for revised response criteria for malignant lymphoma
Authors: B. D. Cheson, B. Pfistner, M. E. Juweid, S. J. Horning, B. Coiffier, R. D. Gascoyne, R. I. Fisher, A. Hagenbeek, R. T. Hoppe, V. Diehl
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

7507 Background: Standardized response criteria are needed to interpret and compare clinical trials, and for approval of new therapeutic agents by regulatory agencies. Methods: The International Working Group (IWG) criteria (Cheson et al, JCO 17:1244, 1999) were widely adopted but were reevaluated because of limitations identified, and recent advances, notably FDG-PET, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and flow cytometry. Results: We propose the following modifications for non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). For predictably PET avid histologies (PA)(e.g., diffuse large B-cell NHL (DLBCL), HL, follicular (FL) and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), PET pretreatment is strongly encouraged to define sites of disease, but not required. For histologies not predictably PET+ (NPA), PET should only be done if response is an endpoint. Although PET performed after ≥1 cycles of chemotherapy correlates with treatment efficacy, in the absence of data that altering therapy because of PET results improves outcome, mid-treatment PET should only be done in a clinical trial. PET is essential to assess response in DLBCL and HL, but only in FL and MCL if response is the endpoint. For NPA histologic subtypes, PET should only be used if PET+ prior to therapy and response is a major endpoint. Present data are inadequate to recommend PET for routine post-treatment surveillance. The new definition for CR includes: 1) no signs or symptoms of disease; 2) PET- in a PA lymphoma, or negative CT in NPA lymphoma. 3) Normal bone marrow by morphology, or if indeterminate, negative by IHC, flow and/or molecular genetic studies. CR unconfirmed (CRu) is no longer included. PR is defined as 1) ≥ 50% decrease in tumor size, but PET+ at prior PA sites, or 2) ≥ 50% decrease in tumor size, but CT+ and PET- if PET- prior to treatment. Bone marrow is irrelevant if positive pre-treatment. Stable disease is neither PR nor progressive disease, PET+ only at prior sites of disease. Progressive/ relapsed disease requires ≥ 50% increase in disease or new lesions that are PET+ if PA lymphoma. PET does not replace a biopsy before initiating new therapy. Conclusions: We hope these revised recommendations will be adopted by study groups and regulatory agencies to facilitate the development of new and more effective therapies to improve patient outcome. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Identification and characterisation of citrullinated antigen-specific B cells in peripheral blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Priscilla F Kerkman, Emeline Fabre, Ellen I H van der Voort, Arnaud Zaldumbide, Yoann Rombouts, Theo Rispens, Gertjan Wolbink, Rob C Hoeben, Hergen Spits, Dominique L P Baeten, Tom W J Huizinga, René E M Toes, Hans U Scherer
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

Objectives Immunity to citrullinated antigens is a hallmark of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We set out to elucidate its biology by identifying and characterising citrullinated antigen-specific B cells in peripheral blood of patients with RA. Methods Differentially labelled streptavidin and extravidin tetramers were conjugated to biotinylated CCP2 or control antigens and used in flow cytometry to identify citrullinated antigen-specific B cells in peripheral blood. Tetramer-positive and tetramer-negative B cells were isolated by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) followed by in vitro culture and analysis of culture supernatants for the presence of antibodies against citrullinated protein antigens (ACPA) by ELISA. Cells were phenotypically characterised by flow cytometry. Results By combining differentially labelled CCP2 tetramers, we successfully separated citrullinated antigen-specific B cells from non-specific background signals. Isolated tetramer-positive B cells, but not tetramer-negative cells, produced large amounts of ACPA upon in vitro stimulation. Phenotypic analyses revealed that citrullinated antigen-specific B cells displayed markers of class-switched memory B cells and plasmablasts, whereas only few cells displayed a naïve phenotype. The frequency of tetramer-positive cells was high (up to 1/500 memory B cells with a median of 1/12 500 total B cells) and correlated with ACPA serum titres and spontaneous ACPA production in culture. Conclusions We developed a technology to identify and isolate citrullinated antigen-specific B cells from peripheral blood of patients with RA. Most cells have a memory phenotype, express IgA or IgG and are present in relatively high frequencies. These data pave the path for a direct and detailed molecular characterisation of ACPA-expressing B cells and could lead to the identification of novel therapeutic targets.
Abstract 2079: FGFR1/MAPK pathway regulates transcription factor brachyury-driven epithelial-mesenchymal transition in lung cancer
Authors: Yunping Hu, Wesley Hsu
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Failure of treatment is attributed to recurrence, metastasis, and chemotherapeutic resistance. Previous studies have demonstrated that the transcription factor brachyury is a potential regulator of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and plays a role in tumor resistance to conventional antitumor therapies. However, the mechanisms underlining brachyury-induced EMT are unknown. Recent studies have revealed that fibroblast growth factor (FGF)/ fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) signaling is activated in lung cancer, and suppression of FGFR results in cell growth inhibition and apoptosis. Here we investigated the role of FGFR signaling, a critical component of mesoderm induction during normal embryogenesis and a regulator of normal brachyury expression, in brachyury-driven lung cancer. Quantitative RT-PCR and Western Blot analysis showed that the chemotherapy-insensitive/metastatic lung cancer cell line H460 and adenocarcinoma tissues in patients had significantly high expressions of brachyury and FGFR1, 3 and 4 compared to the chemotherapy-sensitive/non-metastatic lung cancer cell line H440 and normal tissues adjacent to tumor. To further explore the association between FGFR and brachyury expression and its function, we specifically silenced FGFR using siRNAs for FGFR1, 2, 3 and 4 in H460 cells or overexpressed FGFR1, 3 and 4 in H441 cells. We found that only FGFR1 inhibition led to suppression of brachyury, whereas overexpression of FGFR1 induced brachyury expression, suggesting that brachyury is a potential target of FGFR1. Immunofluorescence staining and RT-PCR showed that silencing of FGFR1 led to inhibitions of brachyury and EMT (an increased epithelial marker E-cadherin expression and decreased mesenchymal biomarker Snail expression) in H460 cells. Overexpression of FGFR1 promoted EMT in H441 cells, but this effect was suppressed by concomitant knockdown of brachyury. In addition, the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK)/extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) inhibitor, PD184352, suppressed FGF1-upregulated brachyury and Snail expressions and invasion in H460 cells. PD184352 also inhibited FGFR1 overexpression-induced brachyury expression, EMT and invasion in H440 cells, indicating an important regulatory role of FGFR1 in brachyury-driven EMT through MAPK/ERK. These findings provide novel insights into the molecular mechanism of brachyury-driven EMT and highlight the FGFR1/MAPK/ERK pathway as a new therapeutic target for brachyury-driven lung cancer. Citation Format: Yunping Hu, Wesley Hsu. FGFR1/MAPK pathway regulates transcription factor brachyury-driven epithelial-mesenchymal transition in lung cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 2079. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-2079