tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Association between biomass fuel and pulmonary tuberculosis: a nested case-control study
Authors: C Kolappan, R Subramani
Journal: Thorax (2009)

<h3>Objective:</h3> To quantify the association between biomass fuel usage and sputum-positive pulmonary tuberculosis. <h3>Methodology:</h3> A tuberculosis prevalence survey was conducted in a random sample of 50 rural units (villages) and three urban units in the Tiruvallur district of Tamilnadu, India during the period 2001–2003. Additional data regarding exposure to tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption, biomass fuel usage and Standard of Living Index (SLI) were also collected from the study participants. A nested case–control study was carried out in this population. Cases are defined as bacteriological-positive cases diagnosed by either sputum smear or culture examination. For each case, five age- (within ±5 years of age) and sex-matched controls were selected randomly from the non-cases residing in the same village/unit. Thus, 255 cases and 1275 controls were included in this study. <h3>Results:</h3> The unadjusted OR measured from univariate analysis for biomass fuel is 2.9 (95% CI 1.8 to 4.7). The adjusted OR measured from multivariate analysis using Cox regression is 1.7 (95% CI 1.0 to 2.9). Thirty-six percent of cases are attributable to biomass fuel usage. <h3>Conclusion:</h3> The findings from this case–control study add to the evidence for an independent association between biomass smoke and pulmonary tuberculosis. Improvement in standards of living brought about by economic development will lead to more people using cleaner fuels for cooking than biomass fuel which in turn will lead to a reduction in the occurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis in the community.
Mediterranean Diet May Reduce Diabetes Risk in Older People
Authors: Anita Slomski
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Oral β carotene therapy in actinic reticuloid and solar urticaria
Authors: A. KOBZA, C.A. RAMSAY, I.A. MAGNUS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Journal Article Oral β carotene therapy in actinic reticuloid and solar urticaria: FAILURE TO DEMONSTRATE A PHOTOPROTECTIVE EFFECT AGAINST LONG WAVE ULTRAVIOLET AND VISIBLE RADIATION Get access A. KOBZA, A. KOBZA Department of Photobiology, Institute of Dermatology, London, E9 6BX Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.A. RAMSAY, C.A. RAMSAY Department of Photobiology, Institute of Dermatology, London, E9 6BX Requests for reprints: Dr C. A. Ramsay, Department of Photobiology, Institute of Dermatology, London, E9 6BX. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I.A. MAGNUS I.A. MAGNUS Department of Photobiology, Institute of Dermatology, London, E9 6BX Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 88, Issue 2, 1 February 1973, Pages 157–166, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1973.tb07521.x Published: 01 February 1973 Article history Accepted: 21 July 1972 Published: 01 February 1973
83 THE CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR CCR6 REDUCES LIVER INFLAMMATION AND FIBROSIS BY MEDIATING RECRUITMENT OF IL-17 PRODUCING GAMMA/DELTA T CELLS TO THE LIVER
Authors: L. Hammerich, F. Heymann, H.W. Zimmermann, S. Huss, S.A. Lira, C. Trautwein, F. Tacke
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
The HB22.7 Anti-CD22 monoclonal antibody enhances bortezomib-mediated lymphomacidal activity in a sequence dependent manner
Authors: Shiloh M Martin, Eric Churchill, Hayes McKnight, Christopher M Mahaffey, Yunpeng Ma, Robert T O'Donnell, Joseph M Tuscano
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2011)

Abstract Most non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) initially respond to chemotherapy, but relapse is common and treatment is often limited by chemotherapy-related toxicity. Bortezomib, is a highly selective proteasome inhibitor with anti-NHL activity; it is currently FDA approved for second-line treatment of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Bortezomib exerts its activity in part through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and also by the induction of apoptosis. We previously validated CD22 as a potential target in treating NHL and have shown that the anti-CD22 ligand blocking antibody, HB22.7, has significant independent lymphomacidal properties in NHL xenograft models. We sought to determine whether or not these agents would work synergistically to enhance cytotoxicity. Our results indicate that treatment of NHL cell lines with HB22.7 six hours prior to bortezomib significantly diminished cell viability. These effects were not seen when the agents were administered alone or when bortezomib was administered prior to HB22.7. Additionally, HB22.7 treatment prior to bortezomib increased apoptosis in part through enhanced ROS generation. Finally, in a mouse xenograft model, administration of HB22.7 followed 24 hours later by bortezomib resulted in 23% smaller tumor volumes and 20% enhanced survival compared to treatment with the reverse sequence. Despite the increased efficacy of HB22.7 treatment followed by bortezomib, there was no corresponding decrease in peripheral blood cell counts, indicating no increase in toxicity. Our results suggest that pre-treatment with HB22.7 increases bortezomib cytotoxicity, in part through increased reactive oxygen species and apoptosis, and that this sequential treatment combination has robust efficacy in vivo .
THE MANUFACTURE OF ANTIBODIES IN VITRO
Authors: Linus Pauling, Dan H. Campbell
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1942)

A protein solution with the properties of a specific antiserum to the triphenylmethane dye methyl blue has been made by treating a solution of bovine γ-globulin and the dye with alkali and then slowly neutralizing the alkali. Some success has been obtained also in the formation of antibodies from other serum proteins and by other denaturation-renaturation procedures. By heating solutions of γ-globulin and antigen to 57°C. for several days antisera homologous to the antigens have been prepared. This method has been used successfully with the azodye 1,3-dihydroxy-2,4,6-tri(p-azophenyl-arsonic acid) benzene and with pneumococcus polysaccharide Type III. The antipneumococcus sera were found to precipitate the polysaccharide of Type III but not those of Types I and VIII and to agglutinate pneumococci of Type III but not those of Types I and II.
The NSAID sulindac is chemopreventive in the mouse distal colon but carcinogenic in the proximal colon
Authors: D. Mladenova, J. J. Daniel, J. E. Dahlstrom, E. Bean, R. Gupta, R. Pickford, N. Currey, E. A. Musgrove, M. R. J. Kohonen-Corish
Journal: Gut (2010)

<h3>Background and aims</h3> The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug sulindac is an effective chemopreventive agent in sporadic colorectal cancer but its potential benefit in mismatch repair deficient cancers remains to be defined. We wanted to determine whether genetic defects that are relevant for colorectal cancer, such as Msh2 or p53 deficiency, would influence the efficiency of sulindac chemoprevention or increase the side effects. <h3>Methods</h3> <i>Msh2</i> or <i>p53</i> deficient and wild-type mice received feed containing 160–320 ppm sulindac for up to 25 weeks with or without a concurrent treatment with the carcinogen azoxymethane. Colon tissue was analysed by histopathology and molecular biology methods. <h3>Results</h3> We show that sulindac prevented azoxymethane-induced distal colon tumours in all mice. In the proximal colon, however, sulindac induced new inflammatory lesions on the mucosal folds, which further developed into adenocarcinoma in up to 18–25% of the <i>p53</i> or <i>Msh2</i> deficient mice but rarely in wild-type mice. This region in the proximal colon was characterised by a distinct profile of pro- and anti-inflammatory factors, which were modulated by the sulindac diet, including upregulation of hypoxia inducible factor 1α and macrophage inflammatory protein 2. <h3>Conclusions</h3> These data show that the sulindac diet promotes carcinogenesis in the mouse proximal colon possibly through chronic inflammation. Sulindac has both beneficial and harmful effects in vivo, which are associated with different microenvironments within the colon of experimental mice. Deficiency for the <i>Msh2</i> or <i>p53</i> tumour suppressor genes increases the harmful side effects of long-term sulindac treatment in the mouse colon.
Blastomycosis of the colon resembling clinically ulcerative colitis.
Authors: F J Penna
Journal: Gut (1979)

An 8 year old Brazilian girl had an infection, apparently confined to the large intestine, with Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. The symptoms were diarrhoea with fresh blood and mucus, severe malnutrition, and a spastic and ulcerated colon. She is making good progress on co-trimoxazole.
Use of Tanning Devices and Risk of Basal Cell and Squamous Cell Skin Cancers
Authors: Margaret R Karagas, Virginia A Stannard, Leila A Mott, Mary Jo Slattery, Steven K Spencer, Martin A Weinstock
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2002)

Use of artificial tanning devices that emit UV radiation, such as tanning lamps and tanning beds, has become increasingly popular in the United States. Although an excess risk of nonmelanoma skin cancers might be predicted from this exposure, little epidemiologic data exist. We conducted a population-based, case-control study that included 603 basal cell carcinoma (BCC) case patients, 293 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) case patients, and 540 control subjects. Study participants were interviewed in person to obtain information on tanning device use, sun exposure history, sun sensitivity, and other risk factors for skin cancer. Overall, any use of tanning devices was associated with odds ratios of 2.5 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.7 to 3.8) for SCC and 1.5 (95% CI = 1.1 to 2.1) for BCC. Adjustment for history of sunburns, sunbathing, and sun exposure did not affect our results. Our findings suggest that the use of tanning devices may contribute to the incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancers. They highlight the need to further evaluate the potential risks of BCC and SCC that are associated with tanning lamp exposure and the appropriate public health response.
Acute Systemic Inflammation Increases Arterial Stiffness and Decreases Wave Reflections in Healthy Individuals
Authors: Charalambos Vlachopoulos, Ioanna Dima, Konstantinos Aznaouridis, Carmen Vasiliadou, Nikolaos Ioakeimidis, Constadina Aggeli, Marina Toutouza, Christodoulos Stefanadis
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Background— Aortic stiffness is a marker of cardiovascular disease and an independent predictor of cardiovascular risk. Although an association between inflammatory markers and increased arterial stiffness has been suggested, the causative relationship between inflammation and arterial stiffness has not been investigated. Methods and Results— One hundred healthy individuals were studied according to a randomized, double-blind, sham procedure–controlled design. Each substudy consisted of 2 treatment arms, 1 with Salmonella typhi vaccination and 1 with sham vaccination. Vaccination produced a significant ( P &lt;0.01) increase in pulse wave velocity (at 8 hours by 0.43 m/s), denoting an increase in aortic stiffness. Wave reflections were reduced significantly ( P &lt;0.01) by vaccination (decrease in augmentation index of 5.0% at 8 hours and 2.5% at 32 hours) as a result of peripheral vasodilatation. These effects were associated with significant increases in inflammatory markers such as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ( P &lt;0.001), high-sensitivity interleukin-6 ( P &lt;0.001), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 ( P &lt;0.01). With aspirin pretreatment (1200 mg PO), neither pulse wave velocity nor augmentation index changed significantly after vaccination (increase of 0.11 m/s and 0.4%, respectively; P =NS for both). Conclusions— This is the first study to show through a cause-and-effect relationship that acute systemic inflammation leads to deterioration of large-artery stiffness and to a decrease in wave reflections. These findings have important implications, given the importance of aortic stiffness for cardiovascular function and risk and the potential of therapeutic interventions with antiinflammatory properties.
Trampoline injury in New Zealand: emergency care.
Authors: P A Hume, D J Chalmers, B D Wilson
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1996)

To examine trampoline related injuries resulting in emergency department attendance.Cases were identified by searching free text descriptions of the circumstances of injury contained in the records of the emergency department of a large city hospital.114 cases were identified for a 12 month period, giving an incidence rate of 108 per 100,000 population per year (95% confidence interval = 89 to 129) compared with 9.3 hospital admissions per 100,000 population per year (95% confidence interval = 8.3 to 10.4) for a corresponding period reported in earlier research from New Zealand. This suggested that for every one hospital admission there are approximately 12 emergency department attendances. Of the cases, 95% were aged less than 20 years. As for the earlier research, falls from the trampoline to the surrounding surface were the commonest cause of injury. In the present study, sprains and strains were the commonest type of injury (40%), and the body site most frequently involved was the lower limb (46%).The findings support the conclusion from earlier research that although existing trampoline standards address many of the issues relating to trampoline safety, the need remains for measures to reduce the impact of falls from the trampoline to the ground surface and to prohibit the use of trampolines as unsupervised "play equipment".
Multistate outbreaks of Salmonella infections associated with live poultry - United States, 2007.
Authors: E. Hedican, K. Smith, S. Jawahir, J. Scheftel, K. Kruger, R. Birk, J. L. Goplin, A. Garvey, D. Schmitt, D. W. Trampel, C. A. Perry, M. J. Sotir, F. J. Angulo, U. Sharapov, C. B. Behravesh
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2009)
Effects of RWJ 67657, a p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor, on the production of inflammatory mediators by rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts
Authors: J Westra
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2004)

To investigate the effect of the p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor RWJ 67657 on inflammatory mediator production by rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts (RSF).RSF were pretreated with RWJ 67657 and stimulated with TNF alpha and/or IL-1 beta. Protein levels and mRNA expression of MMP-1, MMP-3, TIMP-1, IL-6, and IL-8 were determined, as was mRNA expression of COX-2 and ADAMTS-4.MMP-3 production was significantly inhibited at 1 microM RWJ 67657 and MMP-1 production at 10 microM, while TIMP-1 production was not inhibited. Inhibition of IL-6 and IL-8 protein production was seen at 0.1 microM RWJ 67657. Expression profiles of mRNA were in accordance with protein production. Inhibition of COX-2 mRNA expression occurred at 0.01 microM RWJ 67657.RWJ 67657 inhibits major proinflammatory mediator production in stimulated RSF at pharmacologically relevant concentrations. These findings could have important relevance for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Pulsed ultrasound measurements of depth and regression of basal cell carcinomas after photodynamic therapy: relationship to probability of 1-year local control
Authors: J.V. Moore, E. Allan
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Background The regression of clinical basal cell carcinoma (BCC) after photodynamic therapy (PDT) is poorly understood, but is potentially important when, as is increasingly the case, a second treatment is contemplated. High-frequency pulsed ultrasound provides noninvasive information on skin and lesion thickness. Objectives To relate pulsed ultrasound measurements before and after PDT to the probability of local control of BCC by PDT. Methods Skin thickness and lesion thickness were measured by 20-MHz pulsed ultrasound in 181 patients diagnosed as having BCC. Maximal lesion thickness was determined by repeatedly sampling the BCCs. Measurements were made immediately prior to PDT with aminolaevulinic acid plus 630 nm visible light, and then at 1, 6 and 12 months. Results Skin thickness in individual patients did not vary with time in this study (mean ± SD 2·3 ± 0·6 mm; P = 0·8). In contrast, BCC mean ± SD maximal thickness 4–6 weeks after PDT was significantly smaller than pretreatment (0·6 ± 0·8 mm vs. 1·3 ± 0·8 mm; P < 0·001). The overall probability of 1-year local control fell from 85% when only BCCs ≤ 1·5 mm thick were considered, to 75% when BCCs up to 3 mm were included. Conclusions Ultrasound measurement of maximal pretreatment BCC thickness strongly predicts the probability of local control, defined clinically, at 1 year after a single PDT treatment. The degree of regression at 4–6 weeks is additionally predictive.
Murine Endothelial Cell Lines as Models of Tumor Endothelial Cells
Authors: Jennifer Walter-Yohrling, Sharon Morgenbesser, Cecile Rouleau, Rebecca Bagley, Michelle Callahan, William Weber, Beverly A. Teicher
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2004)

Identification of appropriate models for in vivo and in vitro preclinical testing of inhibitors of tumor angiogenesis and progression is vital to the successful development of anticancer therapeutics. Although the focus is on human molecular targets, most preclinical in vivo efficacy testing occurs in mice. The goal of the current studies was to identify a murine endothelial cell line to model tumor endothelium for studying the antiangiogenic activity of therapeutic compounds in vitro. In situ hybridization was performed on three s.c. grown syngeneic murine tumors (B16 melanoma, Lewis lung carcinoma, and CT26 colon carcinoma) to assess expression of murine homologs of human tumor endothelial cell markers in the vasculature of these tumor models. Seven murine endothelial cell lines were characterized for expression of the murine homologs of recognized endothelial cell surface markers as well as for tumor endothelial cell surface markers. The seven murine endothelial cell lines had similar generation times and five of the seven lines were able to form tubes on Matrigel. Real-time-PCR and flow cytometry analysis were used to evaluate relative mRNA and protein expression of murine homologs of several recognized endothelial cell surface markers in the seven cell lines. The expression of the mRNA for the murine homologs of five tumor endothelial cell surface markers was also evaluated. The 2H11 cell line expressed all five of the tumor endothelial cell surface markers as well as several well-recognized endothelial cells markers. The 2H11 cell line responds to known and novel antiangiogenic agents by inhibition of proliferation and tube formation. These cells can be used in in vitro angiogenesis assays for evaluating the potential antiangiogenic properties and interspecies cross-reactivity of novel compounds.
SPARC expression in resected pancreatic cancer patients treated with gemcitabine: results from the CONKO-001 study
Authors: M. Sinn, B.V. Sinn, J.K. Striefler, J.L. Lindner, J.M. Stieler, P. Lohneis, S. Bischoff, H. Bläker, U. Pelzer, M. Bahra, M. Dietel, B. Dörken, H. Oettle, H. Riess, C. Denkert
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Child development and quality of parenting in lesbian families: no psychosocial indications for a-priori withholding of infertility treatment. A systematic review
Authors: J. A. M. Hunfeld
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2002)

Among fertility centres, much discussion focuses on whether to withhold infertility treatment from special patient groups (lesbians, prospective single parent(s), prospective parent(s) of relatively advanced age, or with severe diseases) because it is assumed that this is in the best interest of the child. The present study aimed to establish whether there is any empirical evidence for this assumption. A literature search was made in PubMed/Medline and PsycINFO to identify studies that had assessed psychological outcomes of children and quality of parenting after infertility treatment. Eight studies met the following inclusion criteria: published in an English-language peer-reviewed journal between 1978 and 2002, and focused on psychosocial child development and quality of parenting after infertility treatment in the above-mentioned special patient groups. All reviewed studies focused on lesbian or single-parent families. Overall, the methodological quality of studies as assessed by a standardized set of criteria was high. The evidence of the studies (assessed by the best evidence synthesis method) was strong for the conclusion that in lesbian families the psychosocial development of children (median age 6.1 years) and the quality of parenting are not different from those in healthy heterosexual two-parent families after infertility treatment or natural conception. Therefore, withholding infertility treatment from lesbian families on the assumption that such intervention may not be in the interest of the prospective child seems unjustified. For the other special patient groups, no conclusions could be drawn, because of a lack of relevant studies.