tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Adult reconstruction of childhood events in the multiple personality literature
Authors: F H Frankel
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

The author reviews the dependability of adult reports of childhood abuse and trauma, which are emerging in therapy with increasing frequency. He reviews the literature on multiple personality disorder to explore the extent to which corroboration of adult reports of childhood events is recorded. He also summarizes the relevant studies of memory both with and without the aid of hypnosis. He finds that there is minimal corroboration in the literature of the adults' reports of childhood abuse. Memories brought forth with the aid of hypnosis are undependable because of the large number of inaccuracies introduced by hypnotized subjects. Memories brought forth without hypnosis have been shown to be prone to distortion by intentional as well as by unwitting cues. The author concludes that the recent enthusiasm for the adult discovery of childhood abuse has been accompanied by little attention to factors that potentially affect recall of childhood abuse, including the bias of therapy. The use of hypnosis might well be an aggravating factor in distorted recollections of childhood abuse. Validation without corroboration by the therapist of the patient's memories has serious ethical and possibly legal consequences.
C-reactive protein as a prognostic marker for men with androgen-independent prostate cancer (AIPC): Results from the ASCENT trial
Authors: J. Graff, A. S. Lalani, S. Lee, J. G. Curd, W. D. Henner, C. W. Ryan, P. M. Venner, J. D. Ruether, K. N. Chi, T. M. Beer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

5074 Background: Concentrations of blood proteins such as PSA, hemoglobin (HGB), and LDH are associated with survival in men with AIPC. We sought to identify additional blood proteins associated with prognosis in chemotherapy-treated AIPC patients. Methods: Baseline plasma samples were stored (-80°C) from 160 patients enrolled in the ASCENT trial, a randomized placebo-controlled phase 2 trial comparing weekly docetaxel plus DN-101, an oral high-dose formulation of calcitriol, to weekly docetaxel. Multiplex immunoassays measured 16 cytokine/chemokine or cardiovascular/inflammation markers including IL-1a, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNFa, MCP-1, EGF, VEGF, PAI-1, MMP-9, sE-Selectin, sICAM-1, sVCAM-1 and C-reactive protein (CRP). Cox’s proportional hazard model was used to assess association between baseline biomarkers and survival or skeletal-related event (SRE)-free survival, and logistic regression for PSA Working Group Criteria response. Results: Baseline characteristics were similar to those of the 90 patients without samples, except for age (mean 68.0 vs. 70.6 yrs) and HGB (12.8 vs. 12.2 g/dL). CRP was the only biomarker that significantly predicted shorter overall survival (HR 1.41, 95% CI 1.20–1.65, p &lt; 0.0001). When CRP (continuous) was entered into a multivariate model using 13 baseline variables (including PSA, LDH, alkaline phosphatase, HGB, ECOG Performance Status, age) only elevated CRP remained a significant predictor (p&lt;0.0001) of shorter survival. When categorized as normal (= 8 mg/L) or abnormal (&gt; 8 mg/L), elevated CRP was a significant predictor of shorter survival (HR 2.96 95% CI 1.52–5.77, p = 0.001) as was HGB (p=0.007). Elevated CRP was also associated with a lower probability of PSA response (OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.60–0.92, p = 0.007) and a shorter SRE-free survival (HR 1.30, 95% CI 1.15–1.48, p &lt; 0.0001). Conclusions: Elevated levels of plasma CRP appear to be a strong predictor of poor survival and development of SREs in AIPC patients receiving docetaxel-based therapy. The use of CRP as a risk marker and its potential as a surrogate marker of treatment effect should be prospectively evaluated in future clinical trials in advanced prostate cancer. [Table: see text]
High-Dose Samarium-153 Ethylene Diamine Tetramethylene Phosphonate: Low Toxicity of Skeletal Irradiation in Patients With Osteosarcoma and Bone Metastases
Authors: Christine Franzius, Andreas Schuck, Stefan S. Bielack
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

Article Tools SPECIAL DEPARTMENTS Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2002.20.7.1953 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 11919261 High-Dose Samarium-153 Ethylene Diamine Tetramethylene Phosphonate: Low Toxicity of Skeletal Irradiation in Patients With Osteosarcoma and Bone Metastases Christine FranziusxChristine FranziusSearch for articles by this author , Andreas SchuckxAndreas SchuckSearch for articles by this author , Stefan S. BielackxStefan S. BielackSearch for articles by this author Show More University of Münster, Münster, Germany https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2002.20.7.1953 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2002 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Use of Hamster Hepatocytes To Metabolize Carcinogens in an in Vitro Bioassay&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: J A Poiley, R Raineri, R J Pienta
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

Adult Syrian golden hamster hepatocytes were shown to have a high capacity to metabolize carcinogens, such as diethylnltrosamine, 2-nitrofluorene, and 4-aminoazobenzene, to a form that transforms mammalian cells. The addition of hepatocytes to the hamster embryo cell transformation system extends its range of usefulness for detecting carcinogens that require metabolic activation.
Expectant management of veterans with early-stage prostate cancer.
Authors: Christopher Paul Filson, Jeremy B. Shelton, Hung-Jui Tan, Lorna Kwan, Ted A. Skolarus, Christopher Saigal, Mark S. Litwin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

13 Background: We evaluated the association between various factors and the use of expectant management (EM) among patients with prostate cancer treated in the Veterans Health Administration. Methods: We identified men diagnosed with prostate cancer in 2008. Outcome of interest was use of EM captured through an in-depth chart review. We fit multivariable regression models to examine associations between EM use and patient demographics, cancer severity, and facility characteristics. We then assessed regional variation across 52 facilities by generating predicted probabilities for receipt of EM. Results: Among our analytic cohort (n=6,540), 34% of men were treated expectantly. EM was more common among patients 75 and older (40% vs. 27% under 55 years, OR 2.57) and with low-risk tumors (49% vs. 20% high-risk, OR 5.35). There was no association between patient comorbidity and receipt of EM (p=0.90) (Table). There were also no significant associations between facility factors and receipt of EM (all p&gt;0.05). Among ideal EM candidates, receipt of expectant management varied considerably across individual facilities (0 – 85%, p&lt;0.001). Conclusions: Patient age and tumor risk were both more strongly associated with the use of expectant EM than patient comorbidity. Though its appears appropriate broadly, there was variation in EM between hospitals, apparently not attributable to facility factors. Research determining the basis of this variation—with a focus on providers—will be critical to help optimize prostate cancer treatment for veterans. [Table: see text]
Hunt rejects claim that no plan exists to tackle NHS funding “black hole”
Authors: Gareth Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2016)

The health secretary, Jeremy Hunt, has rejected the findings of a new report from MPs, which claimed that the government is yet to produce a convincing plan to tackle the NHS funding crisis.

In the report published this week,1 the House of Commons Public Accounts Committee said that the government had not acted quickly enough to keep acute hospital trusts in financial balance and had not set out a credible plan to plug the £22bn (€28.1bn; $31.2bn) financial “black hole” that the NHS faces by 2020-21.

But, speaking exclusively to The BMJ , Hunt insisted that the government had already begun to help financially stricken NHS hospitals by cracking down on the high cost of agency staff and creating a new streamlined economic regulator, NHS Improvement, to help trusts bring their finances under control.

When asked to respond to the committee’s criticisms Hunt said, “I wouldn’t accept that [criticism] at all. I think that’s …
The Intracellular Serpin Proteinase Inhibitor 6 Is Expressed in Monocytes and Granulocytes and Is a Potent Inhibitor of the Azurophilic Granule Protease, Cathepsin G
Authors: Fiona L. Scott, Claire E. Hirst, Jiuru Sun, Catherina H. Bird, Stephen P. Bottomley, Phillip I. Bird
Journal: Blood (1999)
Safety and efficacy of bosutinib in patients with AP and BP CML and ph+ ALL following resistance/intolerance to imatinib and other TKIs: Update from study SKI-200.
Authors: C. Gambacorti-Passerini, J. E. Cortes, H. J. Khoury, M. Baccarani, H. Kantarjian, M. Chandy, N. Besson, J. Wang, S. Arkin, T. Brümmendorf
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

6509 Background: Bosutinib (SKI-606) is an oral Src/Abl kinase inhibitor currently evaluated in a phase I/II study in Ph+ leukemia patients (pts) with resistance/intolerance to imatinib. Methods: Advanced leukemia pts received 500 mg daily of bosutinib. Results: 134 pts were enrolled (63 accelerated phase [AP], 48 blast phase [BP], 23 ALL), median age was 50 yrs, 40% female and median follow-up 8.3 months. Prior therapy besides imatinib included interferon (43 pts), dasatinib (45 pts), nilotinib (16 pts) and stem cell transplant (12 pts). Nonhematologic treatment-related adverse events (AEs) occurring in ≥10% of pts were diarrhea (67%), vomiting (40%), nausea (37%), rash (20%), fatigue (10%). Grade 3/4 AEs of any causality occurring in ≥5% of pts were: diarrhea (6%), pneumonia (6%), elevated ALT (6%), vomiting (5%), dyspnoea (5%). Grade 3/4 hematologic abnormalities of any causality were anemia (37%), neutropenia (46%), thrombocytopenia (65%). 27 pts required dose-reductions and median daily dose was 477 mg. Overall efficacy analysis is presented in Table. Among 66 pts with baseline sequencing analysis, 16 distinct Bcr-Abl mutations were found in 40 pts. CHR and MCyR were achieved in 50% and 47% of evaluable pts with mutations, and in 47% and 54% of evaluable pts without mutations, respectively. 9/10 pts with T315I were resistant to bosutinib. Conclusions: Bosutinib is effective and well tolerated in advanced leukemia pts, with primarily transient low-grade gastrointestinal AEs. Clinical responses are achieved across a wide range of mutations, except with T315I. Diagnosis at time of bosutinib start AP N (%) BP N (%) ALL N (%) Hematologic response Evaluable* 33 22 4 Overall 21 (64) 7 (32) 1 (25) Complete 20 (61) 7 (32) 1 (25) Cytogenetic response Evaluable* 27 21 2 Major 13 (48) 11 (52) 2 (100) Complete 9 (33) 6 (29) 2 (100) Molecular response Evaluable* 26 25 13 Major 4 (15) 7 (28) 6 (46) Complete 1 (4) 3 (12) 3 (23) Progression-free survival (ITT) n=56 n=45 n=23 Median, Kaplan-Meier estimate, 95% C.I. 11.6 7.8 2.7 Range (months) (8.4, 20.1) (4.0, 8.8) (1.3, 4.2) * Pts without CHR, CCyR or CMR at baseline, and with ≥1 post-baseline assessment for respective response. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Pfizer, Wyeth Pfizer Pfizer
Outcomes of patients with triple-negative breast cancer treated with radiation therapy.
Authors: Siddhartha Yadav, Maha Saada Jawad, Jessica Wobb, J. Ben Wilkinson, Dhiraj Yadav, Michelle Wallace, Michael A Barnes, Inga S. Grills
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

88 Background: This study compares outcomes between different types of loco-regional treatment modalities used in patients with triple negative breast cancers. Methods: 299 patients with triple negative breast cancer diagnosed between April 2004 and August 2011 at a single institution and who were treated with radiation therapy were included in an IRB-approved retrospective review. Electronic charts were reviewed for demographic and pathologic data as well as outcome data including locoregional and distant recurrence. The median follow up period was 3 years. 200 (70%) patients underwent lumpectomy with whole breast irradiation (WBI). 68 (22.7%) patients received mastectomy and radiation while 31(10.4%) patients were treated with lumpectomy with accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI). Results: Forty-nine patients (16.4%) experienced recurrence (10 local; 6 contralateral; 3 regional; 36 distant). There was a significant (p&lt;0.0001) difference in the proportion of patients that experienced a recurrence in each treatment group: 34% (n=23) in mastectomy with radiation group; 12% (n=23) in lumpectomy with WBI group; 10% (n=3) in lumpectomy with APBI group. On univariate analysis, tumor size, tumor stage, nodal stage, overall stage, total number of positive nodes, total number of nodes removed, and whether or not the patients had an axillary lymph node dissection were significantly associated with recurrence (p&lt;0.05). When these predictor variables, including treatment type, were examined using a stepwise cox proportional hazards regression model for recurrence, the only variables that remained significant were tumor stage (p= 0.0003) and the number of positive nodes (p= 0.0008). Survival curves were significantly different (p = 0.016) between the lumpectomy with WBI group and the mastectomy with radiation group. Over all follow-up times, the probability of survival was smallest for the mastectomy with radiation group. Conclusions: The recurrence pattern for triple negative breast cancers treated with radiation therapy was primarily distant for all treatment modalities. In our patient population, tumor stage and number of positive lymph nodes predicted for recurrence while radiotherapy technique did not.
International comparison of the cost-effectiveness of 5 years letrozole or anastrozole compared to 5 years tamoxifen for early breast cancer in hormone receptor-positive postmenopausal women: Belgium, Canada, UK, and US analyses
Authors: S. Kaura, J. Karnon, F. di Trapani
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

556 Background: The BIG1–98 and ATAC trials have proven the effectiveness of 5 years letrozole (LET) and anastrozole (ANA), respectively, compared to 5 years tamoxifen (TAM) for the treatment of postmenopausal women with hormone receptor positive (HR+) early stage breast cancer. This analysis uses similar assumptions to those used in the NICE appraisal in the UK, and country specific input data to estimate the cost-effectiveness of LET vs TAM and ANA vs. TAM from the Belgian, Canadian, UK, and US health care perspective (8 analyses). Methods: The same Markov model was used to estimate the incremental cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained (ICQ) across the 8 analyses in postmenopausal women with HR+ early stage breast cancer. Model events and assumptions were based on the analysis undertaken by the NICE appraisal team in the UK. Probabilities of breast cancer events (contralateral; locoregional; and metastases) were based on the latest early breast cancer (Lancet) overview. Country-specific cost, utility, and adverse event parameter values were informed by relevant population-based studies. LET and ANA effects were informed by published results of the BIG 1–98 and ATAC trials, which were assumed to cease after therapy discontinuation (other than fracture risk that continued for 5 further years). Costs and QALYs were estimated over the remaining lifetime of a cohort of HR+ women aged 60 yrs, discounted at 3.5% annually. Conclusion: Compared to TAM, adjuvant treatment of postmenopausal HR+ women with LET or ANA for 5 years is a cost-effective use of resources in all of the countries included in this analysis. Based on the model assumptions used by the NICE appraisal team in the UK, the mean results indicate that LET is more cost-effective than ANA, though the confidence intervals are wide. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Increased BRCA1 mRNA: An independent prognostic variable in completely resected chemo-naive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients (p)
Authors: R. Rosell, E. Jassem, M. Skrzypski, M. Taron, P. Mendez, L. Perez, A. Szymanowska, W. Rzyman, G. Gulida, J. Jassem
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

7551 Background: Following surgical resection in operable NSCLC, 5-year survival is 60% in stage I, 39% in stage IIB and 23% in stage IIIA, with relapse commonly as distant metastases. The average benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy is 5%, ranging from nil in stage I to 15% in stage II-IIIA. Caretaker genes involved in keeping genetic alterations to a minimum include the nucleotide excision repair genes ERCC1 and myeloid zinc finger 1 (MZF1), which mediates ERCC1 expression, and other stability genes, such as BRCA1, which control processes involving large portions of chromosomes. Thioredoxin-1 (TRX1) is a redox protein overexpressed in NSCLC that is correlated with poor prognosis, and TWIST contributes to metastasis by promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Methods: In order to identify p with a high risk of relapse, we investigated the expression of these 5 transcripts in frozen resected tumors from 126 resected NSCLC p by real-time quantitative PCR. Gene expression was normalized using β-actin and 18SrRNA expression as internal references. Results: Adenocarcinoma (adeno), 33 p; squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 93 p. Stage: IA, 18 p; IB, 53 p; IIB, 33 p; IIIA, 22 p. Tumoral transcript expression with β-actin: ERCC1, 1.23; MZF1, 0.53; BRCA1, 3.65; TRX1, 1.82; TWIST, 7.75. A strong correlation was observed between the expression of ERCC1, MZF1 and BRCA1 (P&lt;0.001). Expression of each of the 5 transcripts was higher in SCC than in adeno (P&lt;0.001). Median survival (MS): low ERCC1 (&lt;1.5) = not reached (NR), high ERCC1 = 33 months (m) (P=0.21); low MZF1 (&lt;0.5) = NR, high MZF1 = 33 m (P=0.04); low BRCA1 (&lt;5) = NR, high BRCA1 = 22 months (m) (P=0.01); low TRX1 (&lt;0.8) = NR, high TRX1 = 39.5 m (P=0.02); no differences in MS according to levels of TWIST. In a multivariate Cox model for survival, BRCA1 and stage emerged as independent prognostic variables ( Table ). Conclusion: Increased BRCA1 is associated with shorter survival, and BRCA1 assessment could be useful for customizing adjuvant chemotherapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose. [Table: see text]
Commentary on Thomas and Epstein: “Bone Marrow Transplantation in Acute Leukemia”
Authors: Emil Freireich
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

See related article by Thomas and Epstein, [Cancer Res 1965;25:1521–4][1] .

Visit the Cancer Research 75th Anniversary [timeline][2].

Fifty years ago, Dr. E.D. Thomas and Dr. R.B. Epstein published the intellectual and scientific basis for the use of high-dose cytotoxic therapy, specifically
Predictors of assaultiveness in latency age children
Authors: C R Pfeffer, R Plutchik, M S Mizruchi
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1983)

The authors evaluated the presence of assaultive behavior in 103 children, aged 6-12 years, seen in the psychiatric inpatient and outpatient services of a municipal hospital. No racial or ethnic differences were found. Boys were significantly more assaultive than girls and used fire setting and hitting with objects more often. Inpatients were significantly more assaultive than outpatients. Children with conduct disorders, specific developmental disorders, and mental retardation were more assaultive than those with neurotic disorders. Multiple regression analysis showed that the child's past aggressive behavior, absence of anxiety and depression, and parental assaultive behavior were the best predictors of assaultive behavior.
Toward a male contraceptive [reply to letter of Judi S. Morrill] [letter]
Authors: Linde R, Doelle G, Rabin D
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

In our preliminary study in which a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonist was shown to inhibit spermatogenesis reversibly treatment produced a precipitous and prolonged decline in plasma testosterone levels in all 8 men investigated.  Impotence developed in 5 men as expected during this period whereas 3 men maintained potency for 8 weeks after the fall in plasma testosterone to the range noted in women.  Thus the control of male libido and potency is complex.  Should the use of LHRH analogues mature to a stage at which they could be used as a reversible practical and effective form of male contraception psychological studies would indeed be necessary.  (full text)
A Preclinical Model of Chronic Alcohol Consumption Reveals Increased Metastatic Seeding of Colon Cancer Cells in the Liver
Authors: Hwi-Jin Im, Hyeong-Geug Kim, Jin-Seok Lee, Hyo-Seon Kim, Jung-Hyo Cho, Il-Joo Jo, Sung-Joo Park, Chang-Gue Son
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Liver metastasis is the main cause of death from colorectal cancer. Alcohol consumption impacts liver function and is suggested to be an independent risk factor for liver metastasis of colorectal cancer, but no experimental evidence supporting this hypothesis has been demonstrated to date. In this study, we investigated the effect of alcohol intake on liver metastasis. We examined colon cancer cell spread from the spleen in mice provided with water (control group), alcohol for 4 weeks before tumor injection (prealcohol), alcohol for 3 weeks after tumor injection (postalcohol), or alcohol throughout the 7-week study (alcohol). Alcohol intake significantly increased hepatic metastatic burden in the prealcohol (2.4-fold, P < 0.001), postalcohol (2.0-fold, P < 0.01), and alcohol groups (2.2-fold, P < 0.001). A fluorescence-based metastasis tracking assay also confirmed an alcohol-induced increase in the abundance of tumor cells in the liver (2.5-fold, P < 0.001). Investigation of the host microenvironment revealed an alcohol-induced inflammatory response marked by elevated TNFα, IL1β, IL6, and IFNγ protein levels, as well as increased expression of intercellular molecule-1 (ICAM1) in hepatic tissues after 4 weeks of alcohol consumption. Moreover, the peripheral blood of mice provided with alcohol for 4 weeks exhibited reduced natural killer and CD8(+) T-cell counts. Collectively, our findings suggest that chronic alcohol consumption accelerates liver metastasis of colorectal cancer cells through alterations to the liver microenvironment and inactivation of immune surveillance. Cancer Res; 76(7); 1698-704. ©2016 AACR.