tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the effect of L-glutamine supplementation on DOMS
Authors: Somayeh Namdar Tajari, Mona Rezaee, Naghme Gheidi
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

Glutamine is an amino acid and is not considered one of the eight essential aminos. Amino acid supplementation outspreaded to enhancing athletic performance, preparation, removal fatigue and minimising risk of injures. Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is result of a combination of unaccustomed muscle contraction (especially lengthening of the muscle under load) and poor motor neuron recruitment. This study investigated the effect of L-glutamine supplementation on DOMS after 30 min ergometric exercise by comparing two metabolic enzymes (aldolase and creatine kinase) and hip flexors range of motion. Experimental double blind design was used. This study included 20 non-athletic girl with 22.8±2.6 years old and 21.45±3.1 body mass index. The subjects randomise to glutamine and placebo supplementations. The supplement group was ingested 4 weeks, three times in week and twice a day (5 g per time). The control group use placebo same as experimental group. analyses of variance and t test use for data analyses. Aldolase increased 36 h after activity than after activity time in experimental group, but in control group it was reverted. There is a significant difference in aldolase level between control and experimental group (p&gt; 0.05). The creatine kinase increased significantly in 36 h after activity than after activity time in experimental group. Range of motion of hip joint decreased in T3 in both of them significantly, but it was recovered for experimental group 36 h after activity. These results suggest that L-glutamine supplementation attenuates DOMS effects, muscle damage and downfall of performance in flexor of hip.
The H19 Long non-coding RNA in cancer initiation, progression and metastasis – a proposed unifying theory
Authors: Eli Raveh, Imad J. Matouk, Michal Gilon, Abraham Hochberg
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2015)

The imprinted oncofetal long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 is expressed in the embryo, down-regulated at birth and then reappears in tumors. Its role in tumor initiation and progression has long been a subject of controversy, although accumulating data suggest that H19 is one of the major genes in cancer. It is actively involved in all stages of tumorigenesis and is expressed in almost every human cancer. In this review we delineate the various functions of H19 during the different stages in the complex process of tumor progression. H19 up-regulation allows cells to enter a "selfish" survival mode in response to stress conditions, such as destabilization of the genome and hypoxia, by accelerating their proliferation rate and increasing overall cellular resistance to stress. This response is tightly correlated with nullification, dysfunction or significant down-regulation of the master tumor suppressor gene P53. The growing evidence of H19's involvement in both proliferation and differentiation processes, together with its involvement in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and also mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET), has led us to conclude that some of the recent disputes and discrepancies arising from current research findings can be resolved from a viewpoint supporting the oncogenic properties of H19. According to a holistic approach, the versatile, seemingly contradictory functions of H19 are essential to, and differentially harnessed by, the tumor cell depending on its context within the process of tumor progression.
Tumour necrosis factor alpha is pro-inflammatory in normal human skin and modulates cutaneous adhesion molecule expression
Authors: R. W. GROVES, M. H. ALLEN, E. L. ROSS, J. N. W. N. BARKER, D. M. MACDONALD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1995)

Journal Article Tumour necrosis factor alpha is pro‐inflammatory in normal human skin and modulates cutaneous adhesion molecule expression Get access R. W. GROVES, R. W. GROVES Dunhill Dermatology Laboratory. St John's Institute, of Dermatology, UMDS, Guy's Hospital, London SEI 9RT, U.K. R.W.Groves, Division of Dermatology. Brigham and Women's Hospital. 75, Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115. U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. H. ALLEN, M. H. ALLEN Dunhill Dermatology Laboratory. St John's Institute, of Dermatology, UMDS, Guy's Hospital, London SEI 9RT, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. L. ROSS, E. L. ROSS Dunhill Dermatology Laboratory. St John's Institute, of Dermatology, UMDS, Guy's Hospital, London SEI 9RT, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. N. W. N. BARKER, J. N. W. N. BARKER Dunhill Dermatology Laboratory. St John's Institute, of Dermatology, UMDS, Guy's Hospital, London SEI 9RT, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. M. MACDONALD D. M. MACDONALD Dunhill Dermatology Laboratory. St John's Institute, of Dermatology, UMDS, Guy's Hospital, London SEI 9RT, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 132, Issue 3, 1 March 1995, Pages 345–352, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1995.tb08666.x Published: 01 March 1995 Article history Accepted: 23 August 1994 Published: 01 March 1995
Malabsorption and subtotal villous atrophy secondary to pulmonary and intestinal tuberculosis
Authors: W. P. Fung, K. K. Tan, S. F. Yu, K. M. Kho
Journal: Gut (1970)

A case of malabsorption and subtotal villous atrophy secondary to pulmonary and intestinal tuberculosis is reported. The patient was a 21-year-old Chinese girl who had active pulmonary tuberculosis, malabsorption, subtotal villous atrophy, atrophic gastritis with hypochlorhydria, ileal stricture, and a severe non-specific anaemia. There was also evidence to suggest protein-losing enteropathy. The association of subtotal villous atrophy and atrophic gastritis with tuberculosis is discussed. When antituberuclous therapy was instituted, improvement was marked not only clinically but also in the tests for intestinal absorption and in the jejunal mucosa.
Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen on Uteroplacental and Fetal Circulation
Authors: N. S. ASSALI, T. H. KIRSCHBAUM, P. V. DILTS
Journal: Circulation Research (1968)

The effects of hyperbaric oxygen (at 3 atmospheres absolute) on uteroplacental and fetal circulations were studied in pregnant ewes near term. The ewe was given spinal anesthesia, the fetus was marsupialized to the abdominal walls to protect the umbilical circulation, and the fetal head was covered with a saline-filled glove to prevent breathing. During hyperbaric oxygenation, maternal arterial blood P o 2 rose to 1,300 mm Hg while umbilical vein blood P o 2 rose to 300 mm Hg; umbilical arterial Po 2 rose to only 50 mm Hg. Maternal and fetal arterial pressures did not change significantly, but uteroplacental and umbilical flows decreased slightly. Ductus arteriosus blood flows decreased strikingly when the oxygen tension of the pulmonary blood rose; net pulmonary blood flow increased markedly because of a decrease in pulmonary vascular resistance produced by oxygen. Ascending aortic flow increased, but effective fetal cardiac output (aortic plus ductus arteriosus flows) decreased. These studies indicate that the fetal pulmonary vascular bed is sensitive to oxygen in that it undergoes vasodilatation when the oxygen tension of the blood passing through it rises; the ductus arteriosus responds to the same stimulus by constricting. Hyperbaric oxygenation seems to establish a circulatory pattern in the fetus similar to that of the early neonatal period.
Effect of portasystemic venous shunt surgery on hyperglucagonaemia in cirrhosis: paired studies of pre- and post-shunted subjects
Authors: F. J. Dudley, F. P. Alford, D. J. Chisholm, D. M. Findlay
Journal: Gut (1979)

The effect of liver disease on glucagon metabolism was examined in nine patients with chronic liver disease who were studied both before and after the creation of a surgical portasystemic shunt. Hepatocellular function did not deteriorate after shunt surgery. However, hepatic perfusion with splanchnic venous blood, as determined by scintisplenoportography, decreased after shunt surgery in six subjects but appeared unaltered in three. Basal plasma immunoreactive glucagon (IRG) levels in the pre-shunt cirrhotic group were significantly greater (p &lt;0·005) than in control subjects and further increased (p &lt;0·05) after shunt surgery. Moreover, the increase in basal IRG after shunt was evident only in patients in whom portasystemic shunting was demonstrably increased by surgery. Despite the higher basal IRG levels postoperatively, shunt surgery in the cirrhotics did not alter basal glucose and insulin levels or the glucose and insulin response to a glucose or protein load. Circulating IRG was heterogeneous in the pre-shunt cirrhotic patients: the 9000 molecular weight fraction comprised 27±4%, the 3500 mol. wt. fraction 71±4%, and the &gt; 40 000 mol. wt. fraction was minimal. After shunt surgery, the relative proportion of the 9000 mol. wt. fraction of IRG (13±3%) decreased significantly (p &lt;0·05) and this fall was associated with a corresponding increase in the 3,500 mol. wt. fraction (84±4%). It is concluded that, in cirrhosis, hyperglucagonaemia is: (1) dependent on the degree of portasystemic shunting rather than impaired hepatocellular function; (2) predominantly due to increased circulating 3500 molecular weight glucagon; and (3) not a major factor in the pathogenesis of carbohydrate intolerance in liver disease.
Cardiorenal actions of neutral endopeptidase inhibition in experimental congestive heart failure.
Authors: P G Cavero, K B Margulies, J Winaver, A A Seymour, N G Delaney, J C Burnett
Journal: Circulation (1990)

The present studies were designed to determine the action of neutral endopeptidase inhibition (NEP-I), an inhibitor of the degradation of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), in congestive heart failure (CHF). Studies were conducted in two groups of anesthetized dogs with CHF induced by 8 days of rapid right ventricular pacing. Group 1 (n = 5) received a specific NEP-I (SQ 28,603) at two doses administered sequentially -30 mg/kg followed by a 60 mg/kg i.v. bolus. Group 2 (n = 5) received intravenous infusion of exogenous ANF (100 ng/kg/min) to achieve increases in plasma ANF concentration as observed in group 1. NEP-I resulted in a diuresis and natriuresis (p less than 0.05) with increases in the fractional excretion of sodium and fractional excretion of lithium, the latter a marker for proximal tubule sodium delivery. Such tubular actions occurred in the absence of increases in glomerular filtration rate or renal blood flow but were associated with significant increases in urinary ANF and urinary cyclic GMP. Plasma ANF increased after the 30 mg/kg NEP-I dose. In contrast, in group 2 with exogenous ANF and despite a marked increase in plasma ANF, no natriuresis was observed. Arterial pressure did not change in either group. These studies demonstrate for the first time in CHF that NEP-I may potentiate the natriuretic action of endogenous ANF by a mechanism that is independent of systemic or renal hemodynamics and does not parallel increases in plasma ANF. These studies support an important therapeutic role for NEP-I in CHF.
Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 and p53: Friends, Acquaintances, or Strangers?
Authors: Ester M. Hammond, Amato J. Giaccia
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

In this issue of Clinical Cancer Research , Sumiyoshi et al. ([1][1]) report on overexpression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and p53. HIF-1 and p53 are two of the most highly studied transcription factors; therefore, it is perhaps not surprising that reports of interactions between them
Physical fitness levels among European adolescents: the HELENA study
Authors: F B Ortega, E G Artero, J R Ruiz, V España-Romero, D Jiménez-Pavón, G Vicente-Rodriguez, L A Moreno, Y Manios, L Béghin, C Ottevaere, D Ciarapica, K Sarri, S Dietrich, S N Blair, M Kersting, D Molnar, M González-Gross, Á Gutiérrez, M Sjöström, M J Castillo
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2009)

Objective To report sex- and age-specific physical fitness levels in European adolescents. Methods A sample of 3428 adolescents (1845 girls) aged 12.5–17.49 years from 10 European cities in Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Greece (an inland city and an island city), Hungary, Italy, Spain and Sweden was assessed in the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence study between 2006 and 2008. The authors assessed muscular fitness, speed/agility, flexibility and cardiorespiratory fitness using nine different fitness tests: handgrip, bent arm hang, standing long jump, Bosco jumps (squat jump, counter movement jump and Abalakov jump), 4×10-m shuttle run, back-saver sit and reach and 20-m shuttle run tests. Results The authors derived sex- and age-specific normative values for physical fitness in the European adolescents using the LMS statistical method and expressed as tabulated percentiles from 10 to 100 and as smoothed centile curves (P 5 , P 25 , P 50 , P 75 and P 95 ). The figures showed greater physical fitness in the boys, except for the flexibility test, and a trend towards increased physical fitness in the boys as their age increased, whereas the fitness levels in the girls were more stable across ages. Conclusions The normative values hereby provided will enable evaluation and correct interpretation of European adolescents' fitness status.
Oesophageal trauma: incidence, diagnosis, and management.
Authors: E Triggiani, R Belsey
Journal: Thorax (1977)

The clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and surgical treatment of 110 cases of oesophageal trauma, admitted under the care of one surgical team between 1949 and 1973, are reviewed. The importance of early diagnosis and an aggressive surgical approach in the management of a potentially lethal situation are stressed. In our opinion, spontaneous rupture of the oesophagus, instrumental perforation, open and closed traumatic lesions, and postoperative anastomotic leaks are, as far as diagnosis and management are concerned, different aspects of the same desperate surgical problem. Oesophageal trauma is accompanied by a high morbidity and mortality rate if diagnosis and treatment are delayed. Perforations of the cervical oesophagus may be treated conservatively. Intrathoracic perforations demand an aggressive surgical appraoch; only exteriorisation followed by reconstruction at a later date offers a reasonable chance to save the life of the patient and ultimately restore continuity.
Gene mention normalization and interaction extraction with context models and sentence motifs
Authors: Jörg Hakenberg, Conrad Plake, Loic Royer, Hendrik Strobelt, Ulf Leser, Michael Schroeder
Journal: Genome biology (2008)

Abstract Background: The goal of text mining is to make the information conveyed in scientific publications accessible to structured search and automatic analysis. Two important subtasks of text mining are entity mention normalization - to identify biomedical objects in text - and extraction of qualified relationships between those objects. We describe a method for identifying genes and relationships between proteins. Results: We present solutions to gene mention normalization and extraction of protein-protein interactions. For the first task, we identify genes by using background knowledge on each gene, namely annotations related to function, location, disease, and so on. Our approach currently achieves an f-measure of 86.4% on the BioCreative II gene normalization data. For the extraction of protein-protein interactions, we pursue an approach that builds on classical sequence analysis: motifs derived from multiple sequence alignments. The method achieves an f-measure of 24.4% (micro-average) in the BioCreative II interaction pair subtask. Conclusion: For gene mention normalization, our approach outperforms strategies that utilize only the matching of genes names against dictionaries, without invoking further knowledge on each gene. Motifs derived from alignments of sentences are successful at identifying protein interactions in text; the approach we present in this report is fully automated and performs similarly to systems that require human intervention at one or more stages. Availability: Our methods for gene, protein, and species identification, and extraction of protein-protein are available as part of the BioCreative Meta Services (BCMS), see http://bcms.bioinfo.cnio.es/ .
Glenohumeral joint: internal and external rotation range of motion in javelin throwers
Authors: L Herrington
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1998)

To assess differences in glenohumeral joint rotatory range of movement in javelin throwers between the throwing and non-throwing arm.A universal 360 degrees goniometer was used to assess glenohumeral joint external and internal rotation range in 90 degrees of shoulder abduction in a group of ten senior international javelin throwers.Both arms had significantly greater degrees of external than internal rotation (p < 0.01), and the throwing arm had significantly greater range of external rotation than the non-throwing arm (p < 0.01).The presence of an excessive range of external rotation in the throwing shoulder has the potential to increase eccentric load on the rotator cuff muscles and strain on the passive restraints of the glenohumeral joint. Both of these factors have been implicated in the pathological processes leading to injury in the overhead throwing athlete.
Digital Retinal Images and Teleophthalmology for Detecting and Grading Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Francisco Gómez-Ulla, Maria I. Fernandez, Francisco Gonzalez, Pablo Rey, Marta Rodriguez, Maria J. Rodriguez-Cid, Felipe F. Casanueva, Maria A. Tome, Javier Garcia-Tobio, Francisco Gude
Journal: Diabetes Care (2002)

OBJECTIVE—Detecting and grading of diabetic retinopathy (DR) by means of digital retinal images sent via the Internet. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Four nonstereoscopic digital retinal images (45° field each) of 126 eye fundus images from 70 diabetic patients were obtained with a nonmydriatic camera at two peripheral units. The images were sent via the Internet using a web-based system to a reference center, where they were diagnosed and graded by one ophthalmologist. These results were compared with those obtained by two other ophthalmologists, one at each peripheral unit, after direct examination of the patients. A modified severity scale of Airlie House was used for grading DR in all cases. Agreement between observers was assessed using unweighted κ for categorical data and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for continuous data. RESULTS—Presence of DR was detected in 69 eyes (55%). All eyes with DR (69 of 69, 100%) were correctly identified (κ = 1) by inspecting the digital images. In 118 eyes (118 of 126, 94%), 57 with no DR and 61 with DR, there was an agreement between the gradation made after the direct examination and the gradation made after the inspection of the images (ICC = 0.92). In eight eyes with DR (8 of 126, 6%), there was disagreement in the grading made with both techniques. CONCLUSIONS—Inspection of digital retinal images sent via the Internet allowed diagnosis and grading of DR. The presence or absence of DR was correctly assessed by inspection of the images in all instances. We also found agreement, in most cases, between retinopathy gradation made from the images and the gradation made by direct examination of the eyes. These findings suggest that this technique is suitable for screening procedures.
“Arteries Within the Artery” After Kawasaki Disease
Authors: Mitsuyasu Terashima, Kojiro Awano, Yasuhiro Honda, Nagisa Yoshino, Takao Mori, Hideki Fujita, Yoshitaka Ohashi, Osamu Seguchi, Katsuya Kobayashi, Masakazu Yamagishi, Peter J. Fitzgerald, Paul G. Yock, Kazumi Maeda
Journal: Circulation (2002)
Mechanisms of Morbid Hearing Loss Associated With Tumors of the Endolymphatic Sac in von Hippel-Lindau Disease
Authors: John A Butman, H Jeffrey Kim, Martin Baggenstos, Joshua M Ammerman, James Dambrosia, Athos Patsalides, Nicholas J Patronas, Edward H Oldfield, Russell R Lonser
Journal: JAMA (2007)

ContextEndolymphatic sac tumors (ELSTs) are associated with von Hippel-Lindau disease and cause irreversible sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and vestibulopathy. The underlying mechanisms of audiovestibular morbidity remain unclear and optimal timing of treatment is not known.ObjectiveTo define the mechanisms underlying audiovestibular pathophysiology associated with ELSTs.Design, Setting, and PatientsProspective and serial evaluation of patients with von Hippel-Lindau disease and ELSTs at the National Institutes of Health between May 1990 and December 2006.Main Outcome MeasuresClinical findings and audiologic data were correlated with serial magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography imaging studies to determine mechanisms underlying audiovestibular dysfunction.ResultsThirty-five patients with von Hippel-Lindau disease and ELSTs in 38 ears (3 bilateral ELSTs) were identified. Tumor invasion of the otic capsule was associated with larger tumors (P = .01) and occurred in 7 ears (18%) causing SNHL (100%). No evidence of otic capsule invasion was present in the remaining 31 ears (82%). SNHL developed in 27 of these 31 ears (87%) either suddenly (14 ears; 52%) or gradually (13 ears; 48%) and 4 ears had normal hearing. Intralabyrinthine hemorrhage was found in 11 of 14 ears with sudden SNHL (79%; P &lt; .001) but occurred in none of the 17 ears with gradual SNHL or normal hearing. Tumor size was not related to SNHL (P = .23) or vestibulopathy (P = .83).ConclusionsELST-associated SNHL and vestibulopathy may occur suddenly due to tumor-associated intralabyrinthine hemorrhage, or insidiously, consistent with endolymphatic hydrops. Both of these pathophysiologic mechanisms occur with small tumors that are not associated with otic capsule invasion.
Effectiveness of 1-Dimethylaminoethyl-4-benzylpiperidine (IN379) in Prevention and Regression of Experimental Atherosclerosis in the Rabbit
Authors: Thomas B. O'Dell, Martha D. Napoli, Lowell D. Miller, Chester J. Cavallito
Journal: Circulation Research (1962)

The compound, 1-dimethylaminoethyl-4-benzylpiperidine (IN379) has been shown to possess antiatherogenic properties based on the results obtained from experimental studies in rabbits. Two methods were employed to induce the experimental atherosclerosis. One was a short-term procedure involving the use of large doses of epinephrine and thyroxine, while the other procedure consisted of feeding the animals a high cholesterol diet over a more prolonged period of time. The effectiveness of the compound both as a prophylactic measure and on the regression of the atherosclerosis has been determined using the two methods. The influence of IN379 was found to be consistently favorable, although its effect was most marked in the prophylactic experiments. The antiatherogenic properties of this compound are not related to influences on blood cholesterol content, in fact, hypercholesterolemia is not depressed by the drug. Attempts are made to correlate the antiatherogenic activity with other findings and pertinent observations are discussed.