tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Blockade of the Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Stabilizes Atherosclerotic Plaques in Humans by Inhibiting Prostaglandin E <sub>2</sub> –Dependent Matrix Metalloproteinase Activity
Authors: Francesco Cipollone, Maria Fazia, Annalisa Iezzi, Barbara Pini, Chiara Cuccurullo, Mirco Zucchelli, Domenico de Cesare, Sante Ucchino, Francesco Spigonardo, Mariella De Luca, Raffaella Muraro, Roberto Bei, Marco Bucci, Franco Cuccurullo, Andrea Mezzetti
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Clinical trials have demonstrated that agents that inhibit the angiotensin II pathway confer benefit beyond the reduction of blood pressure alone. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this effect has yet to be investigated. Recently, we have demonstrated enhanced expression of inducible cyclooxygenase (COX) and prostaglandin (PG)E2-dependent synthase (COX-2/mPGES-1) in human symptomatic plaques and provided evidence that it is associated with metalloproteinase (MMP)-induced plaque rupture. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterize the effect of the angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor antagonist irbesartan on the inflammatory infiltration and expression of COX-2/mPGES-1 and MMPs in human carotid plaques.Seventy patients with symptomatic carotid artery stenosis were randomized to irbesartan (300 mg/d) or chlorthalidone (50 mg/d) for 4 months before endarterectomy. Plaques were subjected to analysis of COX-1, COX-2, mPGES-1, MMP-2, and MMP-9, angiotensin II, AT(1), AT2, and collagen content by immunocytochemistry, Western blot, and reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, whereas zymography was used to detect MMP activity. Immunohistochemistry was also used to identify CD68+ macrophages, CD3+ T lymphocytes, smooth muscle cells (SMCs), and HLA-DR+ inflammatory cells. Plaques from the irbesartan group had fewer (P<0.0001) macrophages, T lymphocytes, and HLA-DR+ cells; less (P<0.0001) immunoreactivity for COX-2/mPGES-1 and MMPs; reduced (P<0.0001) gelatinolytic activity; and increased (P<0.0001) collagen content. It is worth noting that COX-2/mPGES-1 inhibition was observed after incubation in vitro with irbesartan but not with the selective AT2 blockade PD123,319.This study demonstrates that irbesartan decreases inflammation and inhibits COX-2/mPGES-1 expression in plaque macrophages, and this effect may in turn contribute to plaque stabilization by inhibition of MMP-induced plaque rupture.
Regular follow-up after curative resection of nonsmall cell lung cancer: a real benefit for patients?
Authors: U. Egermann, K. Jaeggi, J.M. Habicht, A.P. Perruchoud, P. Dalquen, M. Solèr
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2002)

Even though complete resection is regarded as the only curative treatment for nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC), &gt;50% of resected patients die from a recurrence or a second primary tumour of the lung within 5 yrs. It remains unclear, whether follow-up in these patients is cost-effective and whether it can improve the outcome due to early detection of recurrent tumour. The benefit of regular follow-up in a consecutive series of 563 patients, who had undergone potentially curative resection for NSCLC at the University Hospital, was analysed. The follow-up consisted of clinical visits and chest radiography according to a standard protocol for up to 10 yrs. Survival rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier analysis method and the cost-effectiveness of the follow-up programme was assessed. A total of 23 patients (6.4% of the group with lobectomy) underwent further operation with curative intent for a second pulmonary malignancy. The regular follow-up over a 10-yr period provided the chance for a second curative treatment to 3.8% of all patients. The calculated costs per life-yr gained were 90,000 Swiss Francs. The cost-effectiveness of the follow-up protocol was far above those of comparable large-scale surveillance programmes. Based on these data, the intensity and duration of the follow-up was reduced.
Fetal and infant growth and impaired glucose tolerance
Authors: D P Davies, J Matthes
Journal: BMJ (1991)

cases,' but what is not mentioned is the delay in arriving at that diagnosis.Shafer investigated the histopathology request forms for 779 cases of oral cancer and found a significant delay in diagnosis in 15% of cases.4The author admitted that this was probably an underestimate in view of inadequate details often given on these forms.This has been a concern to us because we have gained the clinical impression that incorrect diagnosis and delayed referral of patients with oral cancer by practitioners are still prevalent.We recently audited practitioners' referrals of 96 patients with estabhshed oral cancer.Medical practitioners had made an incorrect or no diagnosis in 48% of referral letters.In cases of regional lymphadenopathy the proportion with an incorrect or no diagnosis fell to 32%.Delays in referral were identified in 36% of cases, the median delay being four weeks (range one week to eight months).The results for dental practitioners were worse.It is fundamental that in cases of tumour the diagnosis must be considered before excision and that a correct technique is used.A high index of suspicion is required, and postgraduate education is essential to instil this.Until diagnostic ability improves it seems preferable for all cases of suspicious skin lesions to be referred to a con- sultant.The advice for oral cancer is that all cases should be referred for assessment before biopsy.The support for practitioners providing a biopsy service because of hospital waiting times is un- tenable2 as patients with cancer should bypass waiting lists.
Glucose Regulates Monocyte Adhesion Through Endothelial Production of Interleukin-8
Authors: Suseela Srinivasan, Michael Yeh, Eric C. Danziger, Melissa E. Hatley, Anna E. Riggan, Norbert Leitinger, Judith A. Berliner, Catherine C. Hedrick
Journal: Circulation Research (2003)

We have shown that glucose increases monocyte adhesion to human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) in vitro.1 In the present study, we examined mechanisms by which glucose stimulates monocyte:endothelial interactions. HAECs cultured for 7 days in 25 mmol/L glucose had a 2-fold elevation in interleukin-8 (IL-8) secretion over control cells cultured in 5.5 mmol/L glucose (P<0.001). Use of a neutralizing antibody to IL-8 prevented glucose-mediated monocyte adhesion. Both glucose and IL-8 activated beta1 integrin on the HAEC surface, suggesting that both activate the alpha5beta1 integrin complex on the endothelial surface. The alpha5beta1 integrin complex is important for anchoring connecting segment-1 fibronectin on the HAEC surface for monocyte adhesion. Analysis of the human IL-8 promoter revealed binding sites for NF-kappaB and AP-1 as well as several aligned carbohydrate response elements (also known as E-boxes). Glucose dramatically stimulated IL-8 promoter activity. Using mutated IL-8 promoter constructs and EMSA, we found that the AP-1 element and the glucose-response element were responsible for much of the glucose-mediated activation of IL-8 transcription. Interestingly, inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production through use of pharmacological uncouplers of the mitochondrial electron transport chain significantly reduced glucose-mediated induction of IL-8 expression. These data indicate that glucose regulates monocyte:endothelial interactions through stimulation of IL-8 and ROS production and activation of the alpha5beta1 integrin complex on HAECs.
Mid dermal elastolysis
Authors: Robert I. Rudolph
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1990)

Mid dermal elastolysis is an exceedingly rare condition. Only three cases have been reported previously. The disease manifests as sharply marginated plaques of fine wrinkles of various size that give the skin an aged appearance, It is characterized histologically by a complete absence of mid dermal elastic fibers and lack of any inflammatory infiltrate. Two new cases are reported, and the other cases are reported. Mid dermal elastolysis is an exceedingly rare condition. Only three cases have been reported previously. The disease manifests as sharply marginated plaques of fine wrinkles of various size that give the skin an aged appearance, It is characterized histologically by a complete absence of mid dermal elastic fibers and lack of any inflammatory infiltrate. Two new cases are reported, and the other cases are reported.
"CALCIUM NEED AND CALCIUM UTILIZATION"
Authors: Charles Baron
Journal: JAMA (1933)

To the Editor:  —InThe Journal, April 1, Bernheim makes out a rather sad case for the average American diet with respect to calcium. Without trying to detract from proved clinical uses of calcium, I would say that conclusions based on the realms of probability are questionable. Thus, specifically quoting Sherman, she states that probably a larger proportion of the ordinary dietaries, both of adults and of children, can be improved by enrichment in calcium than in any other one chemical element and, further, he believes that a number of weaknesses and increased susceptibilities to infection may be the results of calcium deficiency, although in his original article Sherman says probably plays a part in a numberof weaknesses and increased susceptibilities to infection without being exclusively responsible for any one of them.  The size of the role calcium plays in the difficulty appraised human equations of passable and buoyant health
Evidence-Based Recommendations for Cancer Nausea and Vomiting
Authors: Arash Naeim, Sydney M. Dy, Karl A. Lorenz, Homayoon Sanati, Anne Walling, Steven M. Asch
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

The experience of patients living with cancer and being treated with chemotherapy often includes the symptoms of nausea and vomiting. To provide a framework for high-quality management of these symptoms, we developed a set of key targeted evidence-based standards through an iterative process of targeted systematic review, development, and refinement of topic areas and standards and consensus ratings by a multidisciplinary expert panel as part of the RAND Cancer Quality-Assessing Symptoms Side Effects and Indicators of Supportive Treatment Project. For nausea and vomiting, key clinical standards included screening at the initial outpatient and inpatient visit, prophylaxis for acute and delayed emesis in patients receiving moderate to highly emetic chemotherapy, and follow-up after treatment for nausea and vomiting symptoms. In addition, patients with cancer and small bowel obstruction were examined as a special subset of patients who present with nausea and vomiting. The standards presented here for preventing and managing nausea and vomiting in cancer care should be incorporated into care pathways and should become the expectation rather than the exception.
691 SERUM FGF19 LEVELS ARE INDEPENDENTLY RELATED TO BMI IN HEALTHY BLOOD DONORS: AN INTERIM ANALYSIS OF AN ONGOING STUDY
Authors: R. Arena, F. Azzaroli, M. Montagnani, P. Simoni, C. Colliva, C. Calvanese, A. Lisotti, P. Cecinato, F. Buonfiglioli, S. Belvisi, A. Porro, A. Belardinelli, P. Pagliaro, A. Roda, G. Mazzella
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Systemic and Topical Drugs for the Prevention of HIV Infection: Antiretroviral Pre-exposure Prophylaxis
Authors: Jared Baeten, Connie Celum
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (2012)

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), in which HIV-uninfected persons use oral or topical antiretroviral medications to protect against HIV acquisition, is a promising new HIV prevention strategy. The biologic rationale for evaluation of PrEP for sexual HIV prevention included nonhuman primate models and the efficacy of antiretroviral prophylaxis for HIV-exposed infants. Proof-of-concept that PrEP protects against sexual HIV acquisition has been demonstrated in four clinical trials, which used the antiretroviral medication tenofovir, either as a vaginal gel or as daily oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, alone or coformulated with emtricitabine. Importantly, however, two trials failed to demonstrate HIV protection with PrEP; low adherence to daily use of PrEP is the leading hypothesis to account for the lack of efficacy. Next steps in the field include rigorous evaluation of uptake and adherence to PrEP in implementation settings and research into next-generation PrEP agents with longer half-life and less user dependence.
Preliminary Note on some Experiments to Determine the Comparative Efficacy of the Different Constituents of Haffkine's Plague Prophylatic
Authors: C. B. Stewart
Journal: BMJ (1899)

organisms are expected to exist, and should be the universal means of removing dust from all interiors.4)~~~~~~~~4 Time of Day r; & , Remarks.x 0 an Date 1.0 .l 4 "-5 |Castet .-~~~~~~~~~~~lsha-jutlet 3 38 28 II AM,6 o-8 8 I2 ls rIig 0 .5004) 0 z Boys.Deg 1 30 252 12.0 P.M., 64 Ir0 34 50-.5 ClaLss at rest.23-5-99 2 28 405 12.0 P.M., ,-62 0.87 77 o6-06 Boys coming into class- 25-5-99 room that another class has-Just left.3 38 289 11.15 A.M., 64 o.83 x8 274I20 Class drilling.
The role of International Sport Federations in the protection of the athlete's health and promotion of sport for health of the general population
Authors: Margo Mountjoy, Astrid Junge
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2013)

Objective To determine the priorities and activities of International Sport Federations (IFs) with respect to the promotion of health in their sport and for the general population. Methods All 35 IFs participating in Olympic Games in 2014 or in 2016 were asked to rate the importance of 10 indicated topics, and to report their programmes, guidelines or research activities on 16 health-related topics using an online questionnaire (response rate 97%). Results On average, the ‘fight against doping’ had the highest priority followed by ‘health of their elite athlete’ and ‘image as a safe sport’. The topics with the lowest importance ratings were ‘health of their recreational athlete’, ‘increasing the number of recreational athletes’ and ‘health of the general population’. All except one IF reported to have health-related programmes/guidelines/research activities; most IFs had 7 or 8 of the listed activities. Eight IFs (23.5%) stated to have activities for ‘prevention of chronic diseases in the general population’ but only FIFA and FINA reported related projects. Conclusions IFs aimed to protect the health of their elite athletes through a variety of activities, however the health and number of their recreational athletes was of low importance for them. Thus, IFs are missing an important opportunity to increase the popularity of their sport, and to contribute to the health of the general population by encouraging physical activity through their sport. FIFA’s ‘Football for Health’ and FINA’s ‘Swim for All’ projects could serve as role models.
Endothelial Colony-forming Cells from Preterm Infants Are Increased and More Susceptible to Hyperoxia
Authors: Christopher D. Baker, Sharon L. Ryan, David A. Ingram, Gregory J. Seedorf, Steven H. Abman, Vivek Balasubramaniam
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2009)

Preterm birth and hyperoxic exposure increase the risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease characterized by impaired vascular and alveolar growth. Endothelial progenitor cells, such as self-renewing highly proliferative endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs), may participate in vascular repair. The effect of hyperoxia on ECFC growth is unknown.
Racial/Ethnic- and Education-Related Disparities in the Control of Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease Among Individuals With Diabetes
Authors: Pinka Chatterji, Heesoo Joo, Kajal Lahiri
Journal: Diabetes Care (2011)

There is limited information on whether recent improvements in the control of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among individuals with diabetes have been concentrated in particular sociodemographic groups. This article estimates racial/ethnic- and education-related disparities and examines trends in uncontrolled CVD risk factors among adults with diabetes. The main racial/ethnic comparisons made are with African Americans versus non-Latino whites and Mexican Americans versus non-Latino whites.
WATERHOUSE-FRIDERICHSEN SYNDROME: REPORT OF A CASE WITH RECOVERY
Authors: D BAHR, C LEVY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1955)

Case Reports1 February 1955WATERHOUSE-FRIDERICHSEN SYNDROME: REPORT OF A CASE WITH RECOVERYDONALD BAHR, M.D., CHARLES LEVY, M.D.DONALD BAHR, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, CHARLES LEVY, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-42-2-439 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe sudden occurrence and rapid development of multiple petechiae, cyanosis and profound collapse in the course of an acute infection herald dramatically the condition known as Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome. One is stunned by the rapid and usually fatal progression of this clinical picture. First reported as an entity by Waterhouse in 1911, the syndrome received its present title following Friderichsen's report in 1918 of a similar case with a fulminating course. This case on autopsy showed massive bilateral hemorrhage into the adrenal glands. While many feel that the adrenal lesions are the significant pathologic features of this syndrome, the problem apparently...Bibliography1. AnylanKlippelCurtis AJCHGM: The Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome in the differential diagnosis of acute abdominal crises, Surgery 28: 763-766, 1950. MedlineGoogle Scholar2. Carey TN: Adrenal hemorrhage with purpura and septicemia with recovery, case report, Ann. Int. Med. 13: 1740-1744, 1940. LinkGoogle Scholar3. NelsonGoldstein JN: Nature of Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome, J. A. M. A. 146: 1193-1197, 1951. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. WheelerAmidon DEI: Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome, New England J. Med. 247: 256-258, 1952. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. BreenEdmondWalley GERTRV: The Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome treated with cortisone, Lancet 1: 1140-1142 (June 7) 1952. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar6. Uhl HS: Nor-epinephrine in the treatment of acute meningococcemia with shock (Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome) and an evaluation of adrenocortical function, New England J. Med. 249: 229, 1953. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Wilmington, Delaware*Received for publication April 3, 1954. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byDas adrenocorticotrope Hormon (ACTH), die HormonederNebenniere(Cortison,Adrenalin) das Insulin, sowie die Hormone der Schilddrüse und NebenschilddrüseTHE RÔLE OF ACTH, CORTISONE AND HYDROCORTISONE IN SURGERY*†WILLIAM E. ABBOTT, M.D., HARVEY KRIEGER, M.D., STANLEY LEVEY, Ph.D. 1 February 1955Volume 42, Issue 2Page: 439-443KeywordsAdrenal glandsAutopsyHemorrhageLesions ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1955 PDF downloadLoading ...
Comparison of Ciprofloxacin Ophthalmic Solution 0.3% to Fortified Tobramycin-Cefazolin in Treating Bacterial Corneal Ulcers
Authors: Robert A. Hyndiuk, Richard A. Eiferman, Delmar R. Caldwell, George O. Rosenwasser, Carmen I. Santos, Harold R. Katz, Sengamedu S. Badrinath, Madhukar K. Reddy, Jean-Paul Adenis, Volker Klauss, J.P. Adenis, S.S. Badrinath, D.R. Caldwell, E. Cohen, C. Marechal-Courtois, J. Murta, R.W. Darrell, P. Denis, R.A. Eiferman, D.H. Heidemann, R.A. Hyndiuk, M.S. Insler, T. John, H.R. Katz, V. Klauss, J.H. Lass, M.B. Limberg, J.P. McCulley, M.K. Reddy, G.O.D. Rosenwasser, J.J. Rowsey, C. Santos, N. Sher, S. Ullman, P. Verin, K.R. Wilhelmus, R. Wills, T.C. Wolf
Journal: Ophthalmology (1996)
Relationship of MRI Delayed Contrast Enhancement to Irreversible Injury, Infarct Age, and Contractile Function
Authors: Raymond J. Kim, David S. Fieno, Todd B. Parrish, Kathleen Harris, Enn-Ling Chen, Orlando Simonetti, Jeffrey Bundy, J. Paul Finn, Francis J. Klocke, Robert M. Judd
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Contrast MRI enhancement patterns in several pathophysiologies resulting from ischemic myocardial injury are controversial or have not been investigated. We compared contrast enhancement in acute infarction (AI), after severe but reversible ischemic injury (RII), and in chronic infarction.In dogs, a large coronary artery was occluded to study AI and/or chronic infarction (n = 18), and a second coronary artery was chronically instrumented with a reversible hydraulic occluder and Doppler flowmeter to study RII (n = 8). At 3 days after surgery, cine MRI revealed reduced wall thickening in AI (5+/-6% versus 33+/-6% in normal, P<0.001). In RII, wall thickening before, during, and after inflation of the occluder for 15 minutes was 35+/-5%, 1+/-8%, and 21+/-10% and Doppler flow was 19.8+/-5.3, 0.2+/-0.5, and 56.3+/-17.7 (peak hyperemia) cm/s, respectively, confirming occlusion, transient ischemia, and reperfusion. Gd-DTPA-enhanced MR images acquired 30 minutes after contrast revealed hyperenhancement of AI (294+/-96% of normal, P<0.001) but not of RII (98+/-6% of normal, P = NS). Eight weeks later, the chronically infarcted region again hyperenhanced (253+/-54% of normal, n = 8, P<0.001). High-resolution (0.5 x 0.5 x 0.5 mm) ex vivo MRI demonstrated that the spatial extent of hyperenhancement was the same as the spatial extent of myocyte necrosis with and without reperfusion at 1 day (R = 0.99, P<0.001) and 3 days (R = 0.99, P<0.001) and collagenous scar at 8 weeks (R = 0.97, P<0.001).In the pathophysiologies investigated, contrast MRI distinguishes between reversible and irreversible ischemic injury independent of wall motion and infarct age.
Release of both preformed and newly synthesized tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)/cachectin by mouse mast cells stimulated via the Fc epsilon RI. A mechanism for the sustained action of mast cell-derived TNF-alpha during IgE-dependent biological responses.
Authors: J R Gordon, S J Galli
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1991)

Mast cell-associated mediators are generally classified into two groups: the preformed mediators, which are stored in the cells' cytoplasmic granules and are released upon exocytosis, and the newly synthesized mediators, which are not stored but are produced and secreted only after appropriate stimulation of the cell. We now report that tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)/cachectin represents a new type of mast cell-associated mediator, in that IgE-dependent mast cell activation results in the rapid release of preformed stores of the cytokine followed by the synthesis and sustained release of large quantities of newly formed TNF-alpha. We also demonstrate that challenge with specific antigen induces higher levels of TNF-alpha mRNA at skin sites sensitized with IgE in normal mice or mast cell-reconstituted genetically mast cell-deficient WBB6F1-W/W1' mice than at identically treated sites in WBB6F1-W/W1' mice that are devoid of mast cells. These findings identify mast cells as a biologically significant source of TNF-alpha/cachectin during IgE-dependent responses and define a mechanism whereby stimulation of mast cells via the FC epsilon RI can account for both the rapid and sustained release of this cytokine.
Lipid Abnormalities and Cardiovascular Risk in Renal Disease
Authors: Eberhard Ritz, Christoph Wanner
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2008)

The recent 4D study failed to provide definitive evidence for benefit of statin use in type 2 diabetics on dialysis. This finding stands in stark contrast to a number of other observations in patients with early stages of chronic kidney disease where substantial benefit of statins had been documented. Here we discuss some potential explanations for the unexpected finding of the 4D study and for the negative association between below average total cholesterol and vascular mortality among dialysis patients. Admittedly, in the absence of definite evidence in dialysis patients, we still conclude that the administration of statins is appropriate in patients with manifest coronary disease.