tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hypertension in Pregnancy and Future Cardiovascular Event Risk in Siblings
Authors: Tracey L. Weissgerber, Stephen T. Turner, Thomas H. Mosley, Sharon L.R. Kardia, Craig L. Hanis, Natasa M. Milic, Vesna D. Garovic
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2015)

Hypertension in pregnancy is a risk factor for future hypertension and cardiovascular disease. This may reflect an underlying familial predisposition or persistent damage caused by the hypertensive pregnancy. We sought to isolate the effect of hypertension in pregnancy by comparing the risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease in women who had hypertension in pregnancy and their sisters who did not using the dataset from the Genetic Epidemiology Network of Arteriopathy study, which examined the genetics of hypertension in white, black, and Hispanic siblings. This analysis included all sibships with at least one parous woman and at least one other sibling. After gathering demographic and pregnancy data, BP and serum analytes were measured. Disease-free survival was examined using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards regression. Compared with their sisters who did not have hypertension in pregnancy, women who had hypertension in pregnancy were more likely to develop new onset hypertension later in life, after adjusting for body mass index and diabetes (hazard ratio 1.75, 95% confidence interval 1.27-2.42). A sibling history of hypertension in pregnancy was also associated with an increased risk of hypertension in brothers and unaffected sisters, whereas an increased risk of cardiovascular events was observed in brothers only. These results suggest familial factors contribute to the increased risk of future hypertension in women who had hypertension in pregnancy. Further studies are needed to clarify the potential role of nonfamilial factors. Furthermore, a sibling history of hypertension in pregnancy may be a novel familial risk factor for future hypertension.
Treatment with the IDO inhibitor INCB024360 increased lysis of human tumor cell targets by peptide-specific CTL
Authors: Caroline Jochems, Anna Kwilas, Young-Seung Kim, Martin W Brechbiel, Massimo Fantini, Simon Metenou, Romaine I Fernando, Peter S Kim, Sofia Gameiro, James Hodge, Robert Newton, Jeffrey Schlom, Kwong Y Tsang
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2015)

Meeting abstracts We have investigated the in vitro effects of INCB024360 on dendritic cell maturation and activation of antigen-specific T cells. INCB024360 is a novel inhibitor of indoleamine-2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO), and is currently in several ongoing clinical trials. INCB024360 effectively
From molecular to genomic epidemiology: transforming surveillance and control of infectious diseases
Authors: M J Struelens, S Brisse
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2013)

Preview this article: From molecular to genomic epidemiology: transforming surveillance and control of infectious diseases, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/eurosurveillance/18/4/art20386-en-1.gif
Glucocorticoid receptor and nuclear factor kappa-b affect three-dimensional chromatin organization
Authors: Tatyana Kuznetsova, Shuang-Yin Wang, Nagesha A. Rao, Amit Mandoli, Joost H. A. Martens, Nils Rother, Aafke Aartse, Laszlo Groh, Eva M. Janssen-Megens, Guoliang Li, Yijun Ruan, Colin Logie, Hendrik G. Stunnenberg
Journal: Genome biology (2015)

The impact of signal-dependent transcription factors, such as glucocorticoid receptor and nuclear factor kappa-b, on the three-dimensional organization of chromatin remains a topic of discussion. The possible scenarios range from remodeling of higher order chromatin architecture by activated transcription factors to recruitment of activated transcription factors to pre-established long-range interactions. Using circular chromosome conformation capture coupled with next generation sequencing and high-resolution chromatin interaction analysis by paired-end tag sequencing of P300, we observed agonist-induced changes in long-range chromatin interactions, and uncovered interconnected enhancer–enhancer hubs spanning up to one megabase. The vast majority of activated glucocorticoid receptor and nuclear factor kappa-b appeared to join pre-existing P300 enhancer hubs without affecting the chromatin conformation. In contrast, binding of the activated transcription factors to loci with their consensus response elements led to the increased formation of an active epigenetic state of enhancers and a significant increase in long-range interactions within pre-existing enhancer networks. De novo enhancers or ligand-responsive enhancer hubs preferentially interacted with ligand-induced genes. We demonstrate that, at a subset of genomic loci, ligand-mediated induction leads to active enhancer formation and an increase in long-range interactions, facilitating efficient regulation of target genes. Therefore, our data suggest an active role of signal-dependent transcription factors in chromatin and long-range interaction remodeling.
Knowledge and Use of Folic Acid by Women of Childbearing Age—United States, 1995 and 1998
Journal: JAMA (1999)

In the United States, approximately 4000 pregnancies are affected by neural tube defects each year; 50%‐70% of these developmental defects could be prevented with daily intake of 400 μg of the B vitamin folic acid throughout the periconceptional period (1 ). In 1992, the Public Health Service recommended that all women capable of becoming pregnant consume 400 μg of folic acid daily throughout their childbearing years to reduce their risk for having a pregnancy affected by neural tube defects (2 ). In 1998, the Institute of Medicine recommended that all women of childbearing potential consume 400 μg of synthetic folic acid per day from fortified foods and/or a supplement in addition to food folate from a varied diet (3 ). This report summarizes the findings of a survey conducted during July‐August 1998 to assess folic acid knowledge and practices among women of childbearing age in the United States (4 ) and compares these results with those from a similar survey conducted in 1995. The findings indicate that 7% of women know folic acid should be taken before pregnancy to reduce the risk for neural tube defects. In 1998, the March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation contracted with the Gallup Organization to conduct a random-digit‐dialed telephone survey of a stratified national sample of 2115 women aged 18‐45 years. The response rate was 52%. The margin of error for estimates based on the total sample size was ±3%; for comparisons involving subsets of the sample, the margin of error was greater. Statistical estimates were weighted to reflect the total population of women aged 18‐45 years in the contiguous United States who resided in households with telephones. The 1998 survey included many of the same questions asked in 1995, and the methods employed were essentially the same (4 ). Overall, 68% of women reported having ever heard of or having ever read about folic acid, a 31% increase from 52% in 1995. Awareness of folic acid was lowest among women aged 18‐24 years (50%) and women who had less than a high school education (40%). Of all women surveyed, 13% knew that folic acid helps prevent birth defects, and 7% knew that folic acid should be taken before pregnancy (Table 1), compared with 5% and 2%, respectively, in 1995. In 1998, 32% of women reported taking a vitamin supplement containing folic acid on a daily basis, compared with 28% in 1995. Among women who reported being not pregnant at the time of the survey, 29% reported taking a vitamin supplement
Fibulin-5 Blocks Microenvironmental ROS in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Miao Wang, Mary Topalovski, Jason E. Toombs, Christopher M. Wright, Zachary R. Moore, David A. Boothman, Hiromi Yanagisawa, Huamin Wang, Agnieszka Witkiewicz, Diego H. Castrillon, Rolf A. Brekken
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Elevated oxidative stress is an aberration seen in many solid tumors, and exploiting this biochemical difference has the potential to enhance the efficacy of anticancer agents. Homeostasis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is important for normal cell function, but excessive production of ROS can result in cellular toxicity, and therefore ROS levels must be balanced finely. Here, we highlight the relationship between the extracellular matrix and ROS production by reporting a novel function of the matricellular protein Fibulin-5 (Fbln5). We used genetically engineered mouse models of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and found that mutation of the integrin-binding domain of Fbln5 led to decreased tumor growth, increased survival, and enhanced chemoresponse to standard PDAC therapies. Through mechanistic investigations, we found that improved survival was due to increased levels of oxidative stress in Fbln5-mutant tumors. Furthermore, loss of the Fbln5–integrin interaction augmented fibronectin signaling, driving integrin-induced ROS production in a 5-lipooxygenase–dependent manner. These data indicate that Fbln5 promotes PDAC progression by functioning as a molecular rheostat that modulates cell–ECM interactions to reduce ROS production, and thus tip the balance in favor of tumor cell survival and treatment-refractory disease. Cancer Res; 75(23); 5058–69. ©2015 AACR.
Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor among Children with Diarrhea-Associated Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
Authors: Patricio Ray, David Acheson, Ramona Chitrakar, Avital Cnaan, Kathleen Gibbs, Gladys H. Hirschman, Erica Christen, Howard Trachtman
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2002)

Diarrhea-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (D+HUS) is characterized by endothelial injury and activation of inflammatory cytokines. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is an angiogenic peptide released in response to vascular damage. The plasma concentrations and urinary excretion of bFGF during the course of D+HUS were determined, in comparison with the levels of various inflammatory cytokines, and changes were correlated with clinical and laboratory features of the disease. Serial plasma and urine samples were collected from 31 children with D+HUS, during the acute (days 1 to 7 of hospitalization) and recovery (through day 60 after discharge from the hospital) phases of the disease. The patients were enrolled in the multicenter trial of SYNSORB Pk (SYNSORB Biotech, Calgary, Alberta, Canada) treatment for D+HUS. bFGF, interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha), IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels were determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. bFGF was detected in urine and plasma samples more frequently than were IL-1alpha, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. There was an acute increase in urinary bFGF excretion, which returned to normal during convalescence. Urinary excretion of bFGF during the acute phase was higher among patients who required dialysis, compared with those who did not (48.9 +/- 15.0 and 28.9 +/- 9.0 pg/ml, respectively; P < 0.05). Plasma bFGF concentrations were persistently elevated throughout the period of hospitalization and the follow-up period among patients with D+HUS. Urinary excretion and plasma levels of bFGF were comparable for the SYNSORB Pk-treated (n = 19) and placebo-treated (n = 12) groups. Measurements of urinary and plasma concentrations of bFGF among patients with D+HUS may be useful indices for assessment of the severity of acute renal disease and the timing and adequacy of the systemic angiogenic process during early convalescence.
Measuring childhood vaccine coverage in England: the role of Child Health Information Systems
Authors: G Amirthalingam, J White, M Ramsay
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2012)

Child Health Information Systems (CHISs) are computerised clinical record systems which support a range of health promotion and prevention activities for children, including immunisation and screening. There are a number of different providers of CHISs in England. These systems are managed by child health departments in each local area and not all are interoperable. The establishment of systems which record and maintain accurate information on the entire population is critical to assess vaccination coverage at both national and local levels. These systems should have the flexibility to adapt to a continuously evolving immunisation programme, a mechanism to rapidly feedback to local public health teams for outbreak prevention and control, and the ability to mount a timely response to vaccine safety scares. The ability to schedule (call and recall) immunisation appointments has contributed to improvements in vaccination coverage both in England and elsewhere. While this has been achieved in England through multiple CHISs the development of a single national register would reduce the complexities of maintaining accurate and complete immunisation records for the entire population.
Hepatitis-Associated Aplastic Anemia
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

There is a well-recognized relationship between aplastic anemia and viral hepatitis. Clinically apparent hepatitis precedes aplastic anemia by a period of weeks to months. Hepatitis is an infrequent cause of aplastic anemia and is usually severe and fatal if untreated. The clinical features and, particularly the response to immunosuppressive therapy strongly suggest that immune mechanisms mediate the marrow aplasia. The cause of the hepatitis is unknown, but it does not appear to be due to any of the known hepatitis viruses. In this study we present two cases of hepatitis associated aplastic anemia (HAAA) at the ages of 10-11 years old. They both received immunosuppressive therapy, Anti thrombocytic globulin and Cyclosporine. They achieved a persistent clinicohematological remission.
Influence of Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer History on the Outcomes of Lung Cancer Surgery: Extended Inclusion Criteria for Clinical Trials
Authors: K. Aokage, M. Okada, K. Suzuki, S. Nomura, S. Suzuki, N. Tsubokawa, T. Mimae, A. Hattori, T. Hishida, J. Yoshida, M. Tsuboi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Remembering Philippe Leuenberger
Authors: Ursula Ackermann-Liebrich, Nicole Probst-Hensch, Thierry Rochat, Jean William Fitting, Laurent Nicod
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2015)

Philippe Leuenberger, pulmonologist, died on September 28, 2015. Switzerland and the international respiratory medicine community have lost an outstanding researcher, a scientific leader and a talented teacher. Those who had the privilege to work with him will remember a generous colleague with an unusual talent for integration and collaboration, and many of us will also remember a most reliable friend.

Philippe Leuenberger was born in 1944 and studied medicine at the University of Lausanne, where he graduated in 1969. His postgraduate training led him from a small rural hospital in St Loup to the University of Fribourg and then to Columbia University in New York. He thus acquired a strong background in physiology, but also an interest in pulmonary oncology and in the biology …
High-Grade Glioma/Glioblastoma Multiforme: Is There a Role for Photodynamic Therapy?
Authors: Harry T. Whelan
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2012)

In the United States, the 5-year survival rate for patients of all ages with all types of brain tumors is approximately 20%, with the scale skewed toward even poorer survival in patients with gliomas. Although surgery and radiotherapy are primary treatment options, surgery is rarely curative and radiotherapy has had little impact on overall survival. Predominantly studied in adults with advanced high-grade gliomas, photodynamic therapy (PDT) represents a paradigmatic shift in the treatment of brain tumors. With no clear standard of care for brain tumors, PDT may emerge as a potential alternative, although challenges regarding its clinical use remain and studies confirming its promise are necessary.
The Art of JAMA Article
Authors: Richard Price
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Predicting CD137 upregulation on NK cells in patients receiving monoclonal antibody therapy
Authors: Amani Makkouk, Vandana Sundaram, Manisha Desai, Cariad Chester, Holden Maecker, Holbrook E Kohrt
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2015)

Meeting abstracts Monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy-has changed the natural history of patients with B cell lymphomas, breast cancer, and head and neck cancers. However, response rates are suboptimal, highlighting the need to enhance mAb activity. Combining a tumor targeting mAb with a second
Neurotoxic Effects of Anthracycline- vs Nonanthracycline-Based Chemotherapy on Cognition in Breast Cancer Survivors
Authors: Shelli R. Kesler, Douglas W. Blayney
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2015)

Chemotherapy exposure is a known risk factor for cancer-related cognitive impairments. Anthracycline-based regimens are commonly used chemotherapies that have been shown to be associated with cognitive impairment and brain changes in clinical studies.To directly compare the effects of anthracycline and nonanthracycline regimens on cognitive status and functional brain connectivity.In this observational study, we retrospectively examined cognitive and resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging data acquired from 62 primary breast cancer survivors (mean [SD] age, 54.7 [8.5] years) who were more than 2 years off-therapy, on average. Twenty of these women received anthracycline-based chemotherapy as part of their primary treatment, 19 received nonanthracycline regimens, and 23 did not receive any chemotherapy. Participants were enrolled at a single academic institution (Stanford University) from 2008 to 2014, and the study analyses were performed at this time.Cognitive status was measured using standardized neuropsychological tests, and functional brain connectivity was evaluated using resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging with a focus on the brain's default mode network.The anthracycline group demonstrated significantly lower verbal memory performance including immediate recall (F = 3.73; P = .03) and delayed recall (F = 11.11; P < .001) as well as lower left precuneus connectivity (F = 7.48; P = .001) compared with the other 2 groups. Patient-reported outcomes related to cognitive dysfunction (F = 7.27; P = .002) and psychological distress (F = 5.64; P = .006) were similarly elevated in both chemotherapy groups compared with the non-chemotherapy-treated controls.These results suggest that anthracyclines may have greater negative effects than nonanthracycline regimens on particular cognitive domains and brain network connections. Both anthracycline and nonanthracycline regimens may have nonspecific effects on other cognitive domains as well as certain patient reported outcomes. Further research is needed to identify potential methods for protecting the brain against the effects of various chemotherapeutic agents.
Blood pressure and glycaemic effects of dapagliflozin versus placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes on combination antihypertensive therapy: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study
Authors: Michael A Weber, Traci A Mansfield, Valerie A Cain, Nayyar Iqbal, Shamik Parikh, Agata Ptaszynska
Journal: The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (2015)
Abstract 4024: Understanding the role of mitochondria in the progression from normal fibroblasts to DCIS associated fibroblasts
Authors: Ying-Hui Ko, Zhao Lin, Ubaldo E. Martinez Outschoorn
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Background and Purpose: Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a non-invasive breast cancer which may progress to invasive breast cancer. Many studies have focused on the epithelial cell mechanisms of progression from normal breast tissue to DCIS. However, in this study we want to study mechanisms of progression in cancer associated fibroblasts from normal breast tissue to DCIS. Loss of caveolin 1 (CAV1) in fibroblasts is a marker of reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and is a prognostic biomarker in ductal carcinoma in situ. High mitochondrial membrane potential in epithelial cells is a crucial determinant of carcinogenesis. Methods: In the study we use MCF10DCIS as a model for DCIS. MCF10DCIS.com (MCF10DCIS) is a clonal breast cancer cell line. The MCF10A, non-tumorigenic epithelial cell line, and human immortalized but non-transformed dermal fibroblasts (BJ1) were used study the difference between non-tumorigenic epithelial cells and DCIS and interactions between these two epithelial cells and fibroblasts. In order to study the interaction between epithelial cells and fibroblasts, we set up a coculture model system comprised both epithelial cells and fibroblasts. Immunofluorescence staining and confocal microscopy were used here to visualize the specific protein expression in different cell types. Results: (1) MCF10DCIS cells in coculture with fibroblasts have increased mitotracker red staining while as fibroblasts have decreased mitotracker staining compared to homotypic culture. However, coculture of MCF10A cells with fibroblasts did not change the mitotracker staining in either MCF10A or fibroblasts. (2) Loss of stromal CAV1 protein expression is observed in fibroblasts when fibroblasts are cocultured with MCF10DCIS cells compared to homotypic culture. CAV1 protein expression is unchanged in coculture with MCF10A cells. Conclusion: Previous studies have demonstrated that loss of stromal CAV1 and changes in mitochondrial membrane potential are factors involved in the transition from DCIS to invasive breast cancer. In this study we show that loss of stromal CAV1 and increases in epithelial mitochondrial membrane potential may play a role in the progression to DCIS. Citation Format: Ying-Hui Ko, Zhao Lin, Ubaldo E. Martinez Outschoorn. Understanding the role of mitochondria in the progression from normal fibroblasts to DCIS associated fibroblasts. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 4024. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-4024
The D3 Dopamine Receptor: Neurobiology and Potential Clinical Relevance
Authors: B Levant
Journal: Pharmacological Reviews (1997)

Dopamine is a major neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Receptors for this catecholamine are of considerable interest, as they are the principal target of drugs employed in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and Parkinson’s disease. Before 1990, the