tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AB0127 Arthritis in a model for systemic lupus: involvement of joints, inner organs and course of autoantibodies in pristane-induced lupus.
Authors: H. Leiss, B. Niederreiter, T. Bandur, B. Schwarzecker, S. Blüml, G. Steiner, W. Ulrich, J. Smolen, G. Stummvoll
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Objectives</h3> Arthritis is frequently seen in human lupus, but rarely in lupus models. Pristane-induced lupus (PIL) can be induced in various mouse strains such as BALB/c and C57Bl/6. We herein characterize clinical and histological features of arthritis in the context of systemic lupus and provide a prudent comparison with models of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). <h3>Methods</h3> Arthritis is frequently seen in human lupus, but rarely in lupus models. Pristane-induced lupus (PIL) can be induced in various mouse strains such as BALB/c and C57Bl/6. We herein characterize clinical and histological features of arthritis in the context of systemic lupus and provide a prudent comparison with models of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). <h3>Results</h3> In BALB/c, clinical arthritis started at 3 months, occurred finally in 79% of PIL (but not in controls, p&lt;0.001) and correlated with areas of inflammation, erosion, cartilage damage, osteoclast numbers and total severity score (for all: r&gt;0.7, p&lt;0.001). After 8 months, 58% of PIL (but no controls, p&lt;0.001) had mild-erosive arthritis: In contrast to murine RA, the most frequent inflammatory cell type of the pannus was granulocytes (17.7%), PIL had lower numbers of osteoclasts, erosions rarely affected both layers of the cortical bone and there was no progression to complete joint destruction (even after 1 year of observation). Serum auto-abs preceded arthritis and became significantly elevated in all PIL; affected joints showed increased deposits of IgG (and IgM) within the inflammatory tissue, indicative for an antibody-mediated process. All PIL mice with arthritis also had pulmonary (100%) and renal (46%) lupus. In contrast to BALB/c, Bl/6 mice did not develop any signs of arthritis. <h3>Conclusions</h3> PIL in BALB/c mice is characterized by severe organ involvement, typical auto-abs and by a mild-erosive arthritis with similarities, but also with distinct differences to RA. PIL may help to study arthritis along with other key features of SLE after therapeutic interventions or in knockout models based on a BALB/c, but not on a Bl/6 background. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Efficacy of imatinib mesylate (STI571) in conjunction with alpha-interferon: long-term quantitative molecular remission in relapsed P-190BCR-ABL-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: G Visani, A Isidori, M Malagola, D Alberti, R Capdeville, G Martinelli, PP Piccaluga, M Amabile, B Guiducci, S Tura, M Baccarani
Journal: Leukemia (2002)
Treatment of the Bleeding Tendency in Uremia with Cryoprecipitate
Authors: Paul A. Janson, Steven J. Jubelirer, Mark J. Weinstein, Daniel Deykin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

We gave cryoprecipitate to six patients with uremia and bleeding times prolonged to more than 15 minutes. After the infusion, all patients had shortened bleeding times; the times of five became normal. In four patients control of major bleeding episodes was attained, and five underwent major surgical or invasive procedures, with good hemostasis. After infusion the time before the nadir of the bleeding time was reached was between one and 12 hours. The bleeding time returned to pretreatment levels by 24 hours after infusion in five patients, and by 36 hours in the other patient. Platelet-aggregation studies before infusion gave normal results in three patients and abnormal results in three. There was no change after infusion. Before infusion, levels of Factor VIII coagulant activity and Factor VIII von Willebrand activity were normal, Factor VIII-Related antigen was increased, and crossed immunoelectrophoresis of Factor VIII-Related antigen was normal. Our findings suggest that cryoprecipitate can temporarily correct the bleeding tendency in patients with uremia. (N Engl J Med. 1980; 303:1318–22.)
Changing Patterns of Resistance of Certain Common Pathogenic Bacteria to Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Maxwell Finland
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

DURING the past few years workers at the Thorndike Memorial Laboratory have collected a considerable number of data on the in vitro susceptibility of common pathogenic bacteria to the various antibiotics that have been generally available. On occasions when new antibiotics were under clinical trial, consecutive strains of different species obtained either in pure culture or as the predominant organisms in mixed cultures from clinical material were tested for susceptibility to those agents to define their antibacterial effect on organisms encountered in the hospital at that time. On other occasions special studies were carried out in which successive strains of . . .
Abstract 3551: CD44 expression in Ewing sarcoma is associated with reduced chemosensitivity in vitro.
Authors: Nikolina Dioufa, Guang Li, Maria Tsokos
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract CD44 is the primary hyaluronate (HA) receptor in a variety of cell types and has been implicated in several processes, such as cell-to-cell and cell-to-extracellular matrix interactions, cell migration and invasion, as well as metastasis and drug resistance. Even though CD44 expression has been studied in various types of cancer, such as prostate and lung cancer, little is known about its role in Ewing sarcoma, the second most common malignancy of bone and soft tissue in children and adolescents. We assessed the expression of CD44 in 25 cases of Ewing sarcoma by immunohistochemistry and found that CD44 is expressed in 40% of them. Furthermore, we noticed that in 4 out of 10 patients CD44 expression increased in one or more subsequent recurrent or metastatic biopsy samples. Therefore, we hypothesized that CD44+ cells in Ewing sarcoma represent cell clones, which are resistant to treatment and lead to tumor relapses. In order to study the role of CD44 in Ewing sarcoma, we cultured tumor cells for 24 to 72 hours in anchorage-independent sphere forming culture conditions, (low attachment plates), which are known to induce CD44 expression and compared them to adherent cells. CD44 mRNA and protein expression was induced in the anchorage-independent group as early as 24h in all 7 Ewing sarcoma cell lines. We then measured mRNA levels of ABCB5 and ABCC1, members of the superfamily of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters related to drug resistance by real time PCR and found them increased. These data were corroborated by our finding of significantly increased efflux of the fluorescent DNA binding dye, Hoechst 33342, in the anchorage-independent group, indicating that the cells that overexpress CD44 are more effective in effluxing the chemotherapeutic drugs, thus becoming more resistant to chemotherapy. Finally, changes in the expression of efflux proteins were associated with increased resistance to doxorubicin-induced apoptotic cell death documented by increased expression of annexin V. In summary, our data indicate that CD44 is involved in drug resistance in Ewing sarcoma and may be clinically useful in making therapeutic decisions. Citation Format: Nikolina Dioufa, Guang Li, Maria Tsokos. CD44 expression in Ewing sarcoma is associated with reduced chemosensitivity in vitro. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3551. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3551
Abstract IA10: How the p53 pathway controls the response to chemotherapy
Authors: David P. Lane, Chris Brown, Kian Hoe Khoo, Amanda Goh, Guo Lin, Hoe Peng Liew, Chandra Verma, Chit Fang Cheok
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Intensive drug discovery activity in both the commercial and academic sector has produced a number of small molecules that can potently regulate the p53 pathway in vivo and in vitro. The availability of these tools along with precise genetic models is allowing a re-examination of the role of the p53 response in Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy. Some chemotherapeutic agents such as actinomycin D have been found to act in an extraordinarily p53 specific manner, while others, such as doxorubicin, while still activating the p53 response actually kill cancer cells by largely p53 independent mechanism. Indeed the p53 response can reduce their effectiveness by inducing a p21 dependant cell cycle arrest. The temporal sequence and kinetics of drug action have a dramatic effect on outcome when p53 activating small molecules such as Nutlin are combined with chemotherapeutic drugs. We have synthesized new p53 activating molecules using peptide stapling methods and generated Zebra fish and mouse models to study the p53 response in normal tissues. These studies suggest that the p53 response is constitutively activated at a low level that is not incompatible with cell proliferation in tissue culture and in tumors in vivo but is not activated in many normal tissues even when they are rapidly proliferating. This low level activation may synergize with Mdm2 binding drugs to enhance their specific therapeutic index and offers scope for the further exploitation of tumor activated p53 stress pathways to enhance the selectivity of chemotherapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Second AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; 2011 Sep 14-18; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(18 Suppl):Abstract nr IA10.
DOES A SIMILAR PROCEDURE RESULT IN SIMILAR SURVIVAL FOR WOMEN AND MEN UNDERGOING ISOLATED CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING?
Authors: Tamer Attia, Colleen G. Koch, Ponnuthurai Ainkaran, Penny L. Houghtaling, Eugene H. Blackstone, Ellen Mayer Sabik, Joseph F. Sabik III
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Colonoscopy, inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: S. Samuel, K. Ragunath
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Endoscopy Essentials Reviews in the Endoscopy Essentials series cite publications from the past year which, in the authors’ opinion, reflect the state-of-the-art in endoscopy. Alongside a short summary of each paper, authors explain why they consider their selected articles to be of importance.
AB1138 Vitamin D levels and disease activity in children with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: E. Comak, M. Koyun, H. Akbas, C.S. Dogan, A. Uslu Gokceoglu, S. Akman
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> 25 (OH) D3 (vitamin D) has an important role in preserving immune homoeostasis. Several surveys of rheumatology populations found reduced levels of vitamin D and association between vitamin D deficiency and disease activity. <h3>Objectives</h3> To assess whether low serum vitamin D concentrations are related to disease activity of children with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). <h3>Methods</h3> We retrospectively evaluated medical records of children with SLE retrospectively. Disease activitywas calculatedwithSLE disease activity (SLEDAI) score on the day the serum samples were drawn. Serum vitamin D level was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. <h3>Results</h3> The study included 13 children,9 females (84.6%), with a mean age of 14.45±3.79 years and mean follow-up period of 24.1±20.34 months. The average level of serum vitamin D level was 23.92±16.7 ng/ml and SLEDAI score was 6.53±5.91. 4 children, whohave significantly lower vitamin D levels (&lt;10 ng/ml), have also high disease activity scores (all have hematologic and lung involvement, two of them also have active renal disease). A patient who presented with acute renal failure, had very low (4.9 ng/ml) vitamin D levels. A significant negative correlation was found between the serum concentrations of vitamin D and SLEDAI scores (pearson's correlation coefficient r=-0.707, p=0.007) <h3>Conclusions</h3> In a cohort of patients with SLE originating from Turkey, vitamin D serum concentrations were found to be inversely related to disease activity. Vitamin D levels of children with SLE should be evaluated regularly and vitamin D supplementation should be given if necessary. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Abstract 3733: Combined effect of linalool as component of <i>Humulus lupulus</i> on doxorubicin-induced antitumor activity
Authors: Michiko Miyashita, Yasuyuki Sadzuka
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract [Purpose] Cancer chemotherapy has been applied to advanced tumors and intractable tumors, playing an important role in their treatments. However, there are many problems including the appearance of adverse reactions and acquirement of drug resistance. The increased numbers of medications resulted in a decreased quality of life for the patients. However, food and food components can be used to increase the activity of antitumor agents without increasing the number of medicines. In this study, the effects of some components in Humulus lupulus (Hop) were examined on the doxorubicin (DOX) induced antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo. [Methods] The effects of Hop components (linalool, myrcene, α-humulene, α-caryophyllene) on DOX permeability and DOX cytotoxicity in P388 leukemia cells in vitro were examined. P388 leukemia cells (5 x 105 cells per animal) were transplanted onto the backs of BDF1 mice, and DOX (2.0mg/kg/day x 4 days, i.p.) and linalool (1.0mg/kg/day x 4 days, p.o.) were administered. The solid tumor and normal tissues were removed and measured DOX concentrations in each tissue. [Results and Discussion] In vitro, myrcene, α-humulene and α-caryophyllene did not have beneficial effects on DOX permeability in tumor cells. In contrast, the addition of linalool was shown to significantly promote on DOX influx and increased DOX concentration in tumor cells. The combination of DOX with linalool (0.1 μM) showed 3.5-fold (P&amp;lt;0.05) cytotoxicity, compared to treatment with DOX alone. Therefore, the combined linalool with DOX enhanced DOX cytotoxicity by the increase of DOX concentration in tumor cells. In vivo, the tumor weight in the DOX alone group decreased to 77% of the control level, whereas the combination of linalool with DOX decreased the tumor weight by 53% (P&amp;lt;0.05) of that in DOX alone group. In the tumor, the DOX concentration in the linalool combined group increased by 1.8-fold (P&amp;lt;0.05) compared to DOX alone group. In the normal tissue, the DOX concentration after combined linalool and DOX treatment tended to decrease. In particular, the DOX concentration in the heart decreased by 49% (P&amp;lt;0.05) of that in DOX alone group, expecting that linalool may decrease DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Thus, the combination of linalool with DOX increased DOX concentration in the tumor, consequently enhanced antitumor activity of DOX. In conclusion, linalool is expected effectiveness as DOX modulator. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3733. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3733
Ectopic Production of Multiple Hormones (ACTH, MSH and Gastrin) by a Single Malignant Tumor
Authors: David H. Law, Grant W. Liddle, H. William Scott, Stuart D. Tauber
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

ALTHOUGH functioning tumors of endocrine glands have been recognized for many years it is only recently that attention has been paid to the so-called "ectopic" production of hormones by tumors of tissues that are not the natural sites of hormone production. The most extensive studies in this group have been made of the ectopic production of ACTH by tumors originating most commonly in the lung.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 However, there has been evidence that tumors may be the ectopic source of a variety of other hormones, including parathyroid hormone,11 insulin,12 gastrin,13 antidiuretic hormone,14 estrogen,15 thyroid-stimulating hormone,16 chorionic gonadotropin,17 erythropoietin18 and serotonin.19 This report . . .
Abstract P4-14-03: Nipple-sparing mastectomy and intra-operative nipple biopsy: To freeze or not to freeze?
Authors: AA Guth, K Blechman, F Samra, R Shapiro, D Axelrod, M Choi, N Karp, M Alperovich
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: Advances in breast cancer screening and treatment have fostered the use of surgical procedures that increasingly optimize cosmetic outcome, while ensuring oncologic safety remains the primary concern of the oncologic surgeon. The role of nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) for risk-reducing surgery and breast cancer is evolving. It can be difficult to demonstrate involvement of the nipple-areolar complex (NAC) preoperatively, and and in this report we examine the utility of intraoperative subareolar frozen section (FS). Methods: Records of patients undergoing NSM at the NYU Langone Medical Center from 2006–2011 were reviewed retrospectively. Use of subareolar FS was at surgeon's discretion. Results: 237 NSM were performed (146 prophylacytic, 91 theraputic). FC was not utilized in 58 mastectomies (28 prophylactic), with 2 (+) on paraffin. Among the remaining 180 mastectomies, 11 biopsies were (+)(7.2%); 5 subareolar biopsies were (+) on FS and paraffin histologic slides (PS)(2.8%); 6 were negative on FS and (+) on PS. Among the 3 prophylactic NSM with (+) subareolar biopsies there was 1 (+) FS, 1 (−) FS, and 1 with no FS performed. There were no false (+) FS. Four of the 5 patients with (+)FS underwent simultaneous excision of the NAC. The 5th patient had atypia on FS and DCIS on PS, and returned to the OR during the same hospitalization for removal of NAC. The remaining patients underwent subsequent excision of the NAC either during planned 2nd stage reconstruction or following completion of chemotherapy. 8 NAC were free of disease and 5 were positive for in situ or invasive disease. There has been no local recurrence in these patients to date. Conclusions: The rate of NAC involvement is low, 5.5% in this series, and FS, while utilized in the majority of these cases, detected only 46% of subareolar disease. While FS can direct intraoperative decision making, the predictive power is low, and these considerations must be addressed in preoperative patient discussions. Furthermore, among those patients with (+) subareolar biopsies, only 39% had residual disease on NAC excision. Thus, optimal oncologic management of the NAC must still be considered an unresolved issue. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-14-03.
929 HEPATITIS C VIRUS INFECTION IN AN ENDEMIC SOUTHERN AREA OF ITALY 14 YEARS LATER: EVIDENCE FOR A VANISHING INFECTION
Authors: V. Guadagnino, T. Stroffolini, B. Caroleo, F. Menniti Ippolito, M. Rapicetta, A.R. Ciccaglione, P. Chionne, E. Madonna, A. Costantino, G. De Sarro, A. Foca, M. Lentini, O. Staltari
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Abstract 3442: Overexpression of Kruppel-like factor 4 inhibits the growth and migration in human hepatoma cells
Authors: Ming-Ta Sung, Hsin-Chen Lee, Chin-Wen Chi
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The zinc-finger transcriptional factor Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), can inhibit cell proliferation and maintain the differentiation of epithelial cells by regulating the expression of genes with GC-rich promoters, plays important roles in development and tumorigenesis. Recently, reduction of KLF4 expression has been reported in multiple gastrointestinal cancers such as gastric cancer, colorectal cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and this observation was associated well with tumor progression and poor clinical outcome. However, the exact role of KLF4 in the progression of HCC is still unclear. In this study, we used lentiviral transduction method to overexpress KLF4 in a highly metastatic HA22T/VGH hepatoma cell line. Using MTT and sulforhodamine B assay, we found that cell growth was decreased in KLF4-overexpressing HA22T/VGH cells as compared to parental cells. Moreover, wound healing assay revealed the migration ability was significantly suppressed in KLF4-overexpressing HA22T/VGH cells. Consistent with these findings, KLF4 overexpression also resulted in the up-regulation of E-cadherin expression and concomitant down-regulation of vimentin expression in HA22T/VGH cells. Moreover, our preliminary finding showed that KLF4 knockdown by transfection of KLF4 shRNA caused the decrease in E-cadherin expression in HEK293T cells. E-cadherin, a key adhesion molecule in the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and tumor metastasis, was regulated by many transcription factors such as Snail. Interestingly, in this study we have found that KLF4 overexpression led to an obvious reduction in the Snail expression in HA22T/VGH cells. Therefore, these results together suggest that KLF4-induced E-cadherin expression may result from regulation at E-cadherin transcription level or inhibition of the expression of Snail. Furthermore, our findings also suggested that the role of KLF4 may be associated with the cell growth, EMT process and metastasis in the tumor progression of HCC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3442. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3442
A comparison of COPD patients with and without ACOS in the ECLIPSE study
Authors: Keele E. Wurst, Tara R. Rheault, Lisa Edwards, Ruth Tal-Singer, Alvar Agusti, Jørgen Vestbo
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2016)

There is growing interest in asthma–chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) overlap syndrome (ACOS) [1, 2]. Yet, there is no consensus on the best definition of ACOS [1, 2] and, therefore, it is difficult to appropriately characterise these patients. Here, we compare the main clinical characteristics and outcomes of COPD patients with and without ACOS in the ECLIPSE cohort [3] according to six different definitions of ACOS. ECLIPSE offers an opportunity to examine ACOS in a large well-characterised COPD cohort followed over 3 years <http://ow.ly/Zcycr> Editorial support (in the form of initial preparation of an outline only, based on input from the lead author) was provided by Julianna Solomons, and Natasha Thomas, of Fishawack Indicia Ltd, and was funded by GSK. The authors wish to acknowledge the following individuals for their and critical review during the development of this manuscript: Kaitlin Kelly-Reif (University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA), Greta Bushnell (University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA).