tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Use of immunoglobulin heavy chain primer pools to assess minimal residual disease/persistent disease (MRD/PD) in children and adolescents with mature B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL): A Children's Oncology Group report.
Authors: B. Shiramizu, S. Goldman, I. Kusao, M. Agsalda, J. C. Lynch, L. Harrison, T. G. Gross, W. Sanger, S. L. Perkins, M. S. Cairo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

9527 Background: Children and adolescents diagnosed with mature B-NHL have an excellent prognosis although challenges remain in identifying those at risk for relapse. Presence of residual chromosomal aberrations and/or clonal immunoglobulin gene rearrangements may indicate risk of failure (Mussolin et al, JCO, 2007; Poirel/Cairo et al, Leukemia, 2009). We previously developed an approach to detect MRD/PD utilizing patient-specific primers from original tumor but a more universal approach is needed (Sabesan et al, JPHO, 2003). Methods: Children and adolescents with B-NHL were treated with FAB Group B4 (Patte/Cairo et al, Blood, 2007) and rituximab (Cairo et al, ASH 2008). MRD/PD specimens were received at diagnosis and follow-up time points (blood, marrow, cerebrospinal fluid, or tumor). Diagnostic or staging specimen DNA were screened for VH family usage with the following primer pools: VH1/VH2; VH3/VH4; VH5, VH6/VH7. For positive MRD/PD results, individual VH primers were used to identify specific variable regions of follow- up specimens. Results: 35of 48 Group B subjects had specimens available for analysis including diagnostic/staging specimens of which all screened positive with VH primer pools and unique VH family primers identified. 32 of 33 subjects in clinical remission at end of therapy (EOT) had MRD/PD-negative specimens and 1 had an indeterminate result. 2 subjects who relapsed had MRD/PD-positive specimens; with PD-positive specimens at 1 month and 3 months following induction therapy suggesting lack of clearance of MRD/PD prior to clinical relapse in 4 and 36 months, respectively (p=0.002). Conclusions: IgVH primer pools were universally informative predictive tools to assess MRD/PD in mature B-NHL specimens. Our findings expand upon B-cell malignancy types that could potentially benefit from MRD/PD assessment (Mussolin et al, Leukemia 2003). This feasibility study supports future investigations to assess the validity and significance of MRD/PD screening with IgVH primer pools in childhood and adolescent mature B-NHL. Supported by NIH CA121955. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Serial measurement of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and procalcitonin (PCT) for the determination of bacterial sepsis and outcome in children with febrile neutropenia (FN)
Authors: A. Sachdeva, S. P. Yadav, M. Anjan, L. M. Srivastava, G. Kharya
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

20633 Background: Children with cancer often develop febrile illnesses after chemotherapy. Determining which children have serious bacterial infections in this vulnerable period would be valuable in risk stratification and management. We evaluated the ability of IL-6 and PCT as diagnostic markers for bacterial sepsis in febrile neutropenic children and their predictive value for outcome. Methods: This was a prospective study conducted at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital from April 2005 to April 2007. 75 episodes of FN in patients (aged <17 yrs) with known malignancy were included. Serial blood samples were sent for IL-6 and PCT estimation at 0hrs and 48hrs in addition to routine investigations and blood culture. PCT >1 ng/ml and IL-6 >20 pg/ml were taken as significant and were correlated with outcome. Results: Out of 75 episodes of FN, 55 had IL 6 >20 pg/ml at 0 hrs. Among these, 20 (26.7%) were culture positive episodes (13 had bacterial sepsis, 5 had candida infection and 2 had invasive aspergillosis). Central access was present in 12 of 20 culture positive episodes. Of the 20 culture proven cases, 13 showed IL-6 >20 at 48hr of whom 4 died whilst 7 had IL-6 <20 at 48 hr with no deaths. There were 35 culture negative episodes with IL-6 >20 at 0 hr. 16/35 had IL-6 >20 at 48hr with 3 deaths whilst 19/35 had IL-6 <20 at 48hr with no deaths. 20 patients had IL-6 <20 at 0 hr and all were culture negative with no deaths. At 48 hr, 11 had IL-6 >20 whilst 9 had IL-6 <20. IL 6 was >20 pg/ml at 0 and 48 hours in 29/55 episodes. All 7 deaths were in this subset of 29 episodes (24.13%), whereas no death was seen in remaining 46 episodes irrespective of the culture (p = 0.002). PCT value of >1ng/ml was seen in 45/75, which included 11 (84%) of 13 cases of culture positive bacterial sepsis. Seven episodes (9.3%) had a fatal outcome. 4 deaths were in culture positive group 4/20 vs. 3 deaths in culture negative group 3/55 (p = 0.055). Conclusions: It can be concluded that measurement of IL 6 and PCT at admission is a sensitive marker for diagnosis of serious infection and that persistence of elevated level of IL 6 at 48hrs is associated with poor outcome. Thus, serial IL 6 values above 20pg/ml may serve as a tool for stratifying patients who are at higher risk of sepsis and increased risk of mortality. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A biodistribution of 5-fluorouracil co-administered with and without galactomannan derivative, in athymic mice implanted with COLO 205 human xenografts
Authors: E. Zomer, A. Klyosov, D. Platt, R. Stevens
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

12027 Background: The polysaccharide [(1–4)-linked β-D-mannopyranose] 17 - [(1–6)-linked-α-D-galactopyranose] 10 (Davanat [D]), enhances activity of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) in 5-FU refractory murine colon tumor models. D binds to surface lectins and promotes transport of 5-FU into the tumor cells. Lectins are present in large amounts on the surface of metastatic tumor cells, and may mediate cell association, apoptosis and metastasis. Method: A preclinical biodistribution study was initiated to evaluate the intravenous (i.v.) administration of 5-FU (36 mg/kg/dose) in the absence and presence of D (60 mg/kg/dose) in female athymic mice with tumors. Forty mice either received 5-FU alone or with D on days 24–27 (Q1d × 4) after tumor implantation. On day 27, a (2- 14 C) labeled 5-FU was added to the regimen. After the injection, ten mice per time point (0.5, 1.5, 4 and 24 h) were bled, euthanized and then the plasma, tumor and tissues were assayed for radioactivity by a liquid scintillation analyzer. Objectives were to determine the biodistribution of 14 C-5-FU in the absence and presence of D in plasma, tumor and tissues. Results: 14 C-5-FU disappeared in a bi-phasic manner after i.v. injection both in the presence and absence of D. Addition of D increased the amount of 5-FU exposure as measured by area under the curve (AUC) from 1.5 to 24 hours post-dose. This finding confirms results from a Phase I study where administering escalating doses 30 to 280 mg/m 2 D with fixed 500 mg/m 2 5-FU also demonstrated an increase in 5-FU systemic exposure as the D dose increased to 280 mg/m 2 Conclusions: In mice, 14 C-5-FU dosed with D increased the overall exposure of 14 C-5-FU during the 1.5 to 24 hr sampling time duration in plasma, tumor and kidneys, when compared to 14 C-5-FU dosed alone. These results, and the results obtained from a Phase I study where D was co-administered with 5-, warrants further testing in a Phase II/III clinical trial. [Table: see text]
PWE-199 Metabolomic profiling in acute pancreatitis; in search of new biomarkers
Authors: NP Ross, ES Correa, NJ Rattray, DR Hildebrand, DK Trivedi, R Goodacre, AJ Watson
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Severe acute pancreatitis (AP) carries a 30–50% mortality.<sup>1</sup>Current scoring systems fall short in predictive accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and availability.<sup>2</sup>Metabolomics aims to decipher molecular signatures that will distinguish disease from controls, ultimately leading to novel targets for diagnosis, staging and treatment. Initial studies are discovery-based, hypothesis-generating and typically aim to establish a snapshot of the metabolism of an individual by metabolite profile. The aim of this study was to determine the urinary and serum metabolomic profiles of AP in comparison to healthy controls and establish if metabolomic profiling can distinguish severity or aetiology of disease in order to identify potential novel bio-markers. <h3>Method</h3> Urine and serum samples from 72 patients with AP, were compared with 62 healthy controls (HC). Two analytical platforms, UHPLC-MS and GC-TOF-MS, were used in this study in order to minimise false negatives and identify a quantitative compliment of all metabolites across a wide molecular weight range. GC-TOF-MS can identify VLMW polar metabolites (&lt;350 Da), where-as reverse phase UHPLC-MS is useful in detecting non-polar metabolites. Metabolite identification was subject to univariate and multivariate analysis (p &lt; 0.05). <h3>Results</h3> After univariate analysis, a total of 964 serum metabolites and 1263 urinary metabolites were identified as significantly different in comparison to HC. Multivariate analysis showed good discrimination, based on metabolite profiles, between severity of AP when classified by MODS but not by APACHE II score. There was no separation by metabolite profiles correlating to aetiology of AP. <h3>Conclusion</h3> In this novel study, metabolite profiling can distinguish patients with AP from controls and appears to differentiate severity by MODS criteria. Fatty acids, glycerophoshocholines, eicosanoids, TCA cycle intermediates and melatonin levels were altered in AP in comparison to controls. These metabolites offer insights into pathogenesis and may represent future putative biomarkers. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>References</h3> Mofidi R, <i>et al</i>. 2006. Association between early systemic inflammatory response, severity of multiorgan dysfunction and death in acute pancreatitis. Br. J. Surg. 93(6), pp. 738-744. Papachristou GI, <i>et al</i>. Predictors of severity and necrosis in acute pancreatitis. Gastroenterology clinics of North America, 33(4):871–890.
Epidemiological Features of Wilms' Tumor: Results of the National Wilms' Tumor Study&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: N E Breslow, J B Beckwith
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

Nearly 2,000 children with Wilms' tumor registered in a national clinical trial during 1969–81 showed high rates of aniridia, hemihypertrophy, cryptorchidism, hypospadias, and other genitourinary anomalies. Patients with bilateral disease, who constituted 5% of the total, had younger ages at diagnosis and an increased incidence of congenital anomalies and renal blastemal rests. Those with multicentric unilateral lesions had more blastemal rests but were otherwise indistinguishable from the unicentric cases. The 20 familial cases had none of the features usually associated with genetic tumors: neither younger ages nor an increase in bilaterality nor associated congenital anomalies. These observations suggest that the fraction of Wilms' tumors that is due to an inherited mutation may be substantially smaller than previously supposed and support the concept that the disease arises from a variety of pathogenetic pathways.
Severe infection due to corynebacterium striatum or amycolatum in 6 lung transplanted patients
Authors: Anne-Cécile Métivier, Nathalie Grall, Gaelle Dauriat, Olivier Brugière, Hervé Mal
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Corynebacteria are irregularly shaped gram-positive rods, which are usually commensals of the skin and mucous membranes of humans. With the exception  Corynebacterium diphteriae , Corynebacteria are in general considered as a contaminant. During the last few years, an increasing number of publications have reported an association of coryneform bacteria with disease. To the best of our knowledge, serious infections after lung transplantation (LT) have not been reported.  Methods : We analyzed retrospectively 9 cases of severe infection, sometimes lethal, in 6 LT recipients, observed at one center.  In most of our cases, the strains were amoxicillin resistant. Therefore, the treatment was based on vancomycine or linezolid  Conclusion : Our results indicate that Corynebacteria sp may be responsible for serious infections in LT recipients. Most cases are amoxicillin resistant and require the use of either vancomycine or linezolid.
A Case of Carcinoma of the Lung with Endocrine Changes
Authors: J L DEBARY, A W GARDNER
Journal: BMJ (1964)

was a 63-year-old housewife with mental changes which were thought to be caused by cerebral metastases from lung cancer.She was transferred to Hammersmith Hospital from a mental hospital for possible irradiation of her head in the hope of giving symptomatic improvement. Clinical HistoryThe patient had no serious illness in the past, but she had been a smoker of about 30 cigarettes a day for 40 years.Her present illness dated from June 1961, when she was admitted to another hospital with a sudden attack of severe upper abdominal pain for which a cholecystectomy was performed.After the operation she became so confused and agitated that in July she had to be transferred to a mental hospital.Although a chest x-ray was normal at that time, she developed a persistent cough, and another film taken in August showed a shadow in the right upper lobe.Bronchoscopy was reported as showing a probable carcinoma.In the mental hospital she was co-operative but agitated and verbose, with some disorientation and with flights of ideas.On physical examination there was a hard " shotty " lymph gland palpable above the right clavicle.She had no voice change, but showed generalized muscle wasting with absent reflexes.Her cranial nerves were intact and she had no papilloedema, but the sensory side of her nervous system was difficult to assess because of her mental state.She showed palmar erythema and her liver was enlarged to about 3 cm.below the costal margin.The chest x-rays were not available but a bronchial carcinoma with cerebral metastases was the presumptive diagnosis, and she was transferred for the possibility of x-ray treatment. InvestigationsChest x-ray confirmed the collapse and consolidation of the right upper lobe (Figs.la and lb).Skull x-ray was normal.Blood: Haemoglobin 11.3 g.Film showed macrocytosis, polychromasia, and an occasional nucleated red blood corpuscle.W.B.C. 11,000 (neutrophils 70%, with occasional myelocytes and metamyelocytes).E.S.R. 33 mm./hour.Blood urea was 40 mg./100 ml.Sodium 138, potassium 2.3, calcium 3.5, chloride 96, bicarbonate 34 mEq/l.Fasting sugar 155 mg./ 100 ml.Urine: Sugar 2% ; potassium 44 mEq/24 hours on a ward diet.Liver-function tests: Serum bilirubin 0.4 mg./100 ml., alkaline phosphatase 18 K.A. units.Thymol turbidity 0.Electrocardiogram: Atrial ectopic beats, left ventricular hypertrophy with S-T depression in leads V4-V7.Electroencephalogram: "Record dominated by moderate amplitude theta activity at 5 c.p.s., which is slightly reduced by visual attention.Occasional slower waves present on both sides and no normal activity detected."Plasma 11-hydroxycorticoids (,tg./100ml.),: 9 a.m. 70.5; 3 p.m. 55.8; 6 p.m. 54.7; midnight 55.4; 9 a.m.64.5.Urinary steroids (mg./24 hours): 17-keto 23; 17-ketogenic
Incomplete Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest
Authors: Charles E. Edmiston, David Leaper
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Assessment of cell-cycle effects of cytokines in vivo.
Authors: H D Preisler, A Raza
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1992)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1992.10.4.673 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 1548532 Assessment of cell-cycle effects of cytokines in vivo. H D PreislerxH D PreislerSearch for articles by this author , A RazaxA RazaSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1992.10.4.673 PDF "Assessment of cell-cycle effects of cytokines in vivo.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 10(4), pp. 673–674© 1992 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Abstract P195: Combination Therapy not the Intensity of Statin Therapy Improves LDL Goal Attainment in Clinical Practice
Authors: Brett Victor, Lilian Ahedor, Longjian Liu, Dean G Karalis
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: In clinical practice most coronary heart disease (CHD) patients (pts) are not achieving their recommend LDL goal of &lt; 70 mg/dL. We assessed the impact of statin dose and combination therapy in achieving optimal LDL levels in CHD pts. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of outpatient electronic health records (EHR) from a large cardiology practice from September 2008 to September 2009. The most recent lipid profile, lipid-lowering medications and doses were extracted from the EHR. Statin potency was assessed based on the brand and dose of statin. Results: We identified 9,950 CHD pts; 59% were on a statin alone (SA), 27% on a statin + another lipid-lowering drug, 4% on no statin but on another lipid-lowering drug and 10% were on no lipid-lowering drugs. Only 37% of SA pts achieved an LDL &lt; 70 mg/dL, but did so more often than pts on no statin but on another lipid-lowering drug (37 vs. 18%; p &lt; 0.0001). Among SA pts, 70% were on moderate to high potency statins. The intensity of statin therapy did not improve LDL goal attainment. Among pts on combination therapy, 41% on statin + ezetimibe (S+E) and 46% on statin + niacin (S+N) achieved an LDL &lt; 70 mg/dL (p = 0.01 and &lt; 0.0001 vs. SA). Only 14% of pts were on S+E and 9% on S+N. Statin plus fibrate did not improve LDL goal attainment compared to SA (35 vs. 37%; p = 0.23). Few pts were taking bile acid sequestrants (&lt; 0.5%). If pts were switched to a high potency statin LDL goal attainment of &lt; 70 mg/dL would increase to 46% and would increase further to 65% with combination therapy. Conclusions: Most CHD pts in clinical practice do not attain an LDL &lt; 70 mg/dL, even among pts on high potency statins. The number of CHD pts on no statin is high. The combination of statin plus either ezetimibe or niacin is the most effective regimen to achieve an LDL &lt; 70 mg/dL; however these drug combinations are used infrequently in clinical practice. Combination lipid-lowering therapy is needed to improve LDL goal attainment in CHD pts.
The risk and nature of flares in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: results from the ReACCh-Out cohort
Authors: Jaime Guzman, Kiem Oen, Adam M Huber, Karen Watanabe Duffy, Gilles Boire, Natalie Shiff, Roberta A Berard, Deborah M Levy, Elizabeth Stringer, Rosie Scuccimarri, Kimberly Morishita, Nicole Johnson, David A Cabral, Alan M Rosenberg, Maggie Larché, Paul Dancey, Ross E Petty, Ronald M Laxer, Earl Silverman, Paivi Miettunen, Anne-Laure Chetaille, Elie Haddad, Kristin Houghton, Lynn Spiegel, Stuart E Turvey, Heinrike Schmeling, Bianca Lang, Janet Ellsworth, Suzanne E Ramsey, Alessandra Bruns, Johannes Roth, Sarah Campillo, Susanne Benseler, Gaëlle Chédeville, Rayfel Schneider, Shirley M L Tse, Roxana Bolaria, Katherine Gross, Brian Feldman, Debbie Feldman, Bonnie Cameron, Roman Jurencak, Jean Dorval, Claire LeBlanc, Claire St. Cyr, Michele Gibbon, Rae S M Yeung, Ciarán M Duffy, Lori B Tucker
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Objective</h3> To describe probabilities and characteristics of disease flares in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and to identify clinical features associated with an increased risk of flare. <h3>Methods</h3> We studied children in the Research in Arthritis in Canadian Children emphasizing Outcomes (ReACCh-Out) prospective inception cohort. A flare was defined as a recurrence of disease manifestations after attaining inactive disease and was called significant if it required intensification of treatment. Probability of first flare was calculated with Kaplan–Meier methods, and associated features were identified using Cox regression. <h3>Results</h3> 1146 children were followed up a median of 24 months after attaining inactive disease. We observed 627 first flares (54.7% of patients) with median active joint count of 1, physician global assessment (PGA) of 12 mm and duration of 27 weeks. Within a year after attaining inactive disease, the probability of flare was 42.5% (95% CI 39% to 46%) for any flare and 26.6% (24% to 30%) for a significant flare. Within a year after stopping treatment, it was 31.7% (28% to 36%) and 25.0% (21% to 29%), respectively. A maximum PGA &gt;30 mm, maximum active joint count &gt;4, rheumatoid factor (RF)-positive polyarthritis, antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and receiving disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) or biological agents before attaining inactive disease were associated with increased risk of flare. Systemic JIA was associated with the lowest risk of flare. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In this real-practice JIA cohort, flares were frequent, usually involved a few swollen joints for an average of 6 months and 60% led to treatment intensification. Children with a severe disease course had an increased risk of flare.