tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional (3D) versus two-dimensional (2D) laparoscopic adrenalectomy: A case-control study
Authors: Antonino Agrusa, Giuseppe di Buono, Daniela Chianetta, Vincenzo Sorce, Roberto Citarrella, Massimo Galia, Laura Vernuccio, Giorgio Romano, Gaspare Gulotta
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2015)
Safety and immunogenicity of a chimpanzee adenovirus-vectored Ebola vaccine in healthy adults: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-finding, phase 1/2a study
Authors: Olga De Santis, Régine Audran, Emilie Pothin, Loane Warpelin-Decrausaz, Laure Vallotton, Grégoire Wuerzner, Camille Cochet, Daniel Estoppey, Viviane Steiner-Monard, Sophie Lonchampt, Anne-Christine Thierry, Carole Mayor, Robert T Bailer, Olivier Tshiani Mbaya, Yan Zhou, Aurélie Ploquin, Nancy J Sullivan, Barney S Graham, François Roman, Iris De Ryck, W Ripley Ballou, Marie Paule Kieny, Vasee Moorthy, François Spertini, Blaise Genton
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2015)
Overt proteinuria and microalbuminuria in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.
Authors: A B Chapman, A M Johnson, P A Gabow, R W Schrier
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1994)

The amount of proteinuria is a prognostic indicator in a variety of glomerular disorders. To examine the importance of urinary protein excretion in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, this study determined the clinical characteristics of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease patients with established proteinuria and the frequency of microalbuminuria in hypertensive autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease patients without proteinuria. In 270 autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease patients, mean 24-h urinary protein excretion was 259 +/- 22 mg/day. Forty-eight of 270 autosomal dominant poly-cystic kidney disease patients had over proteinuria (> 300 mg/day). The patients with established proteinuria had higher mean arterial pressures, larger renal volumes, and lower creatinine clearances than did their nonproteinuric counterparts (all P < 0.0001), a greater pack year smoking history (P < 0.05), and the projection of a more aggressive course of renal disease (P < 0.05). All autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease patients with established proteinuria were hypertensive, as compared with 67% without established proteinuria (P < 0.001). Forty-nine patients with hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy without established proteinuria were examined for microalbuminuria; 41% demonstrated microalbuminuria. Those with microalbuminuria had higher mean arterial pressure, larger renal volumes and increased filtration fraction. Therefore, established proteinuria and microalbuminuria in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease patients are associated with increased mean arterial pressure and more severe renal cystic involvement.
Pigment-Synthesizing Melanocytic Neoplasm With Protein Kinase C Alpha (<i>PRKCA</i>) Fusion
Authors: Armita Bahrami, Seungjae Lee, Gang Wu, Justin Kerstetter, Maral Rahvar, Xinmin Li, John Easton, Jinghui Zhang, Raymond L. Barnhill
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2015)

Melanocytic neoplasms with prominent pigment synthesis mimicking equine melanoma represent a rare variant of biologically indeterminate or low-grade malignant melanocytic tumors in which the molecular profile and exact histologic classification are not established. Tumors with these characteristics rarely occur as congenital lesions. We performed genomic analysis of a congenital pigment synthesizing melanocytic neoplasm with indeterminate biological potential.The patient was a 5-month-old girl presenting with a 6-cm protuberant scalp mass, which had doubled in size since birth. Histologic examination showed heavily pigmented intradermal proliferation of large, epithelioid melanocytes with mild cytologic atypia, low mitotic activity, focal necrosis, and ulceration. RNA sequencing identified a novel ATPase, Ca2+ transporting, plasma membrane 4(ATP2B4)-protein kinase C-alpha (PRKCA) fusion transcript. The fusion resulted in an in-frame linkage of the PRKCA catalytic domain with the N-terminal of ATP2B4 and high expression of the PRKCA kinase domain. Break-apart fluorescence in situ hybridization showed PRKCA rearrangement, and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction confirmed the presence of the fusion transcript. The patient was alive and well, with no evidence of recurrence, at the 1-year follow-up.To our knowledge, this is the first report of PRKCA fusions in melanocytic neoplasms. Future studies need to determine the frequency of PRKCA fusions in pigment-synthesizing melanocytic neoplasms.
Association between paternal smoking and symptoms of asthma, rhinitis and eczema in Chinese schoolchildren
Authors: Ning Song, Mohammed Shamssain, Jin Zhang, Shuting Hao, Jitao Guan, Jianling Wu, Chunling Fu, Xixin Yan
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction: Parental passive smoking has been associated with adverse respiratory outcomes in children. Evidence remains inconclusive as to whether smoking is a risk factor for allergic disorders in children. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between paternal smoking and symptoms of asthma and allergies in Chinese schoolchildren.  Body: We studied 10824 Chinese schoolchildren from Shijiazhuang city in Hebei province in China. We used an ISAAC questionnaire and we added questions related to paternal smoking. The prevalence of paternal and maternal smoking in China is 56.52% and 1.34%, respectively. The prevalence rates of all symptoms of asthma, rhinitis and eczema were significantly higher in children exposed to paternal passive smoking compared with children not exposed to paternal smoking (wheeze ever 6.5% vs 4.6%, P
Cancer Mortality (1965–77) in Relation to Diesel Fume and Coal Exposure in a Cohort of Retired Railway Workers&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Geoffrey R. Howe, Drora Fraser, Joan Lindsay, Bryn Presnal, Shun Zhang Yu
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1983)

A cohort study of 43,826 male pensioners of the Canadian National Railway Company was conducted. The cause of death of 17,838 pensioners who died between 1965 and 1977 was ascertained by computerized record linkage to the Canadian national mortality data base. The main finding was an elevated risk of lung cancer for those employed in occupations involving exposure to diesel fumes and coal dust, with highly significant dose-response relationships observed. That such association may be due in part to smoking cannot be excluded; but in view of the widespread exposure to diesel fumes, the finding warrants further investigation. The present study also demonstrated the utility and feasibility of large-scale occupational cohort studies conducted with the use of computerized record linkage to national mortality records.
Using whole immune system characterization (immune profiling) to identify immune biomarkers to determine patient selection, dosing, and efficacy of new immune therapies
Authors: Michael Gustafson, Yi Lin, Dennis Gastineau, Ian Parney, Allan Dietz
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2015)

Meeting abstracts Considerable diversity exists in the immune competency of cancer patients even within patients of the same diagnosis. The relationship between the nature and degree of immune suppression and the responses to different targets of immunotherapy will be the key to the rapid
PATRICIA: A phase II study of palbociclib and trastuzumab with or without letrozole in previously treated, postmenopausal patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer.
Authors: Patricia Villagrasa, Xavier Gonzalez, Mafalda Oliveira, Josep Vazquez, Lorena De La Pena, Marta Llobet-Canela, Aleix Prat, Eva Ciruelos
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

TPS642 Background: Despite the great efficacy of anti HER2-agents, HER2+ metastatic breast cancer remains incurable and in need of additional options. Palbociclib, a CDK4/6 inhibitor, has demonstrated unprecedented clinical activity in HER2-/ER+ disease. Its potential in HER2+ disease, however, remains to be explored. Preclinical evidence suggests a potentially complementary role with trastuzumab based on their effects on the cell cycle. Our hypothesis is that the addition of palbociclib to trastuzumab-based therapy could offer clinical benefit in this population. Moreover, given that the expression of ER dictates two biologically different HER2+ subgroups, we will explore this activity accordingly, in addition to endocrine therapy. Methods: This is an exploratory, prospective, open-label, multicenter trial of palbociclib plus trastuzumab. Patients must have histologically confirmed HER2+ adenocarcinoma of the breast and have received 2-4 lines of anti-HER2-containing regimens for their advanced disease. The study is based on a Simon 2-stage design comprising three cohorts: cohort A includes ER- patients and cohorts B1 and B2, ER+ patients. All patients receive trastuzumab with an 8 mg/kg loading dose, followed by 6 mg/kg every 3 weeks, and 200 mg daily palbociclib for 2 weeks, with 1 week off. Additionally, patients in cohort B2 receive 2.5 mg daily letrozole. A 2-cycle safety run-in with the first 6 patients of each regimen will be performed. The primary objective is to assess clinical efficacy measured as progression-free survival rate at 6 months (PFS6). Assuming an increase of at least 20% in PFS6 by the addition of palbociclib +/- letrozole to trastuzumab, PFS6 should be ≥ 50% for a cohort to be successful, and proceed to stage 2. According to this, it will be necessary to include 15 patients in each cohort in stage 1. In stage 2, each cohort may continue for up to 46 patients. A treatment regimen will be considered efficacious if ≥ 18 patients are progression-free at 6 months, with an 80% power and α = 0.05. Based on this, a maximum of 138 patients may be included. Translational research searching for predictive biomarkers will be implemented. Clinical trial information: 2014-005006-38.
Regulator of G protein signaling 5 is a determinant of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia
Authors: Vasyl Holobotovskyy, Yee Seng Chong, Jennifer Burchell, Bo He, Michael Phillips, Leo Leader, Timothy V. Murphy, Shaun L. Sandow, Douglas J. McKitrick, Adrian K. Charles, Marianne Tare, Leonard F. Arnolda, Ruth Ganss
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2015)

Reduction of vascular RGS5 causes hypertension and preeclampsia, which can be reversed by PPAR agonist treatment in mouse models.
Authors’ reply to Bonten
Authors: Fabienne El-Khoury, Bernard Cassou, Patricia Dargent-Molina
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Bonten’s comments and questions on how our results can be translated into clinical practice and integrated into clinical guidelines give us the opportunity to talk about the place that exercise programmes such as Ossebo may have in a comprehensive strategy of falls prevention in older people.1 2

Two approaches to falls prevention in community dwelling older people have been shown to be effective in randomised controlled trials. The first is the multifactorial and multidisciplinary approach, which involves individual clinical assessments of risk factors for falling, followed by multiple interventions targeting all remediable risk factors (normally within a specialist falls service). The second is single community based interventions targeting common risk factors (such as impaired strength and balance).

Multifactorial intervention community programmes are resource and staff intensive, and there is no evidence that they are more effective than single intervention programmes, such as balance and strength training.3 Hence, the multifactorial approach, especially if delivered by a multidisciplinary team, is generally reserved for those at high risk, such as frail …
Adjuvant Therapy for Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2–Positive Breast Cancer: Detour on the Road to a Cure
Authors: George W. Sledge
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

In the article that accompanies this editorial, Piccart-Gebhart and an international group of colleagues 1 report the results of the Adjuvant Lapatinib and/or Trastuzumab Treatment Optimization (ALTTO) trial, a large multicenter—indeed, multicontinent—trial that investigated the benefits of adding the small-molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor lapatinib to trastuzumab in the adjuvant human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)2–positive breast cancer setting. The results are important, and like many important results, they raise nearly as many questions as they answer.
Basal cell carcinoma may be linked to haematological malignancy
Authors: J T Lear, B B Tan, A G Smith, A A Fryer, R C Strange, P W Jones
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Interferon beta lb has to be self administered subcutaneously every other day.Patients run the risk of feeling that they have chronic flu3 or of becoming depressed,3 and 38% of them will have neutralised the drug by the development of antibodies after three years.3Interferon beta lb has no significant effect on the development of disability in multiple sclerosis.3Quite why it has been licensed is a mystery to many of us.Why is Schering allowed to advertise it in the BMJ
P0820 : Pharmacokinetics of paritaprevir, ombitasvir, dasabuvir, ritonavir and ribavirin in subjects with HCV genotype 1 infection in phase 3 studies
Authors: S. Mensing, S. Sharma, D. Eckert, A. Polepally, A. Khatri, T. Podsadecki, W. Awni, R. Menon, S. Dutta
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
Identification of the Novel Fusion Gene, SPAG9-JAK2, in Adolescent Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) with t(9;17)(p24;q21), and Its Association with Gene Alterations Involved in Ph1/BCR-ABL1-like ALL
Authors: Machiko Kawamura, Tomohiko Taki, Kentarou Ohki, Yasuhide Hayashi
Journal: Blood (2014)
Sleep apnoea effect on thrombotic state after anticoagulation discontinuation in patients with pulmonary embolism
Authors: Alberto Alonso-Fernández, Angela García, Mónica de la Peña, David Romero, Javier Pierola, Miguel Carrera, Antonia Barceló, Joan B. Soriano, Meritxell Arque, Carmen Fernández-Capitán, Alicia Lorenzo, Francisco García-Río
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSA) is recently considered a risk factor for pulmonary embolism (PE) due to a hypercoagulable state. Persistence of a thrombotic state can be a risk factor for PE recurrence and it has been reported that elevated D-dimer (DD) have a positive predictive value for recurrent PE. Other biomarkers have also been described to predict PE recurrence.

We compared the frequency of elevated levels of DD, after anticoagulation withdrawal in two groups of patients with a first episode of PE (n=86) (with or without OSA) and two control groups of subjects without PE (n=89) (with or without OSA).

Respiratory polygraphy and biomarkers of coagulation (DD, prothrombin fragment 1+2, trombin-antitrombin complex, plasminogen activator inhibitor and P-selectin) were measured.

We found 64 of the PE and 41 controls without PE had OSA. The four groups were similar in gender, body mass index and physical activity. DD was higher in PE patients with OSA compared to PE without OSA. DD levels were significantly correlated with AHI, mean and minimum oxygen saturation and desaturation index. There were more patients with high levels of DD after stopping anticoagulant treatment in those with PE and OSA compared with the group with PE without OSA (35.4% vs. 19%, p = 0.003). Male gender and AHI were independent risk factors for high levels of DD. There were no significant differences in other biomarkers.

In conclusion, DD levels were higher in OSA patients with PE than in those with PE without OSA. Patients with PE and OSA are more likely to have elevated post-anticoagulation DD, and therefore, higher procoagulant state that might increase the risk of PE recurrency.
Briquet's syndrome, dissociation, and abuse
Authors: E F Pribor, S H Yutzy, J T Dean, R D Wetzel
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

To help clarify the complex association between childhood abuse and adult psychopathology, the authors examined the relationship among abuse, Briquet's syndrome (somatization disorder), and dissociative symptoms.Ninety-nine female psychiatric clinic outpatients with a history of somatic complaints were assessed for Briquet's syndrome, dissociative symptoms, adult and childhood sexual abuse, childhood physical abuse, and childhood emotional abuse.Women with high dissociation scores and many somatic symptoms were more likely to report abuse than were subjects with low dissociation scores or with few somatic complaints.Briquet's syndrome, dissociation, and abuse are significantly associated. Awareness of this association may have a significant effect on the treatment of psychiatric patients.
Gynecology and obstetrics.
Authors: C. E. McLennan
Journal: JAMA (1963)

This large textbook was designed for the undergraduate medical student and represents another effort to merge and integrate the teaching of obstetrics and gynecology. Such mergers have been attempted previously and, on the whole, have had rather limited success either because the extensive treatment required multiple volumes issued at great cost or because the merger was merely an expanded set of teaching outlines too elementary for anything beyond a rather introductory course. Huffman obviously has tried to strike a happy medium in this regard, but in spite of the best intentions has turned out a volume that may prove too massive for the undergraduate, too elementary for the resident, and too deficient in therapeutic detail to suit the practitioner. The quality and completeness of presentations and illustrations in the different sections of the book is enormously variable—an understandable defect when one considers the magnitude of the task undertaken here by
A Phase II Study of Bortezomib-Dexametason Followed by High-Dose Melphalan Combined with Bortezomib in Patients Relapsing After High-Dose Melphalan with Autologous Stem Cell Support
Authors: Peter Gimsing, Oyvind Hjertner, Niels Abildgaard, Niels Frost Andersen, Tobias Gedde Dahl, Henrik Gregersen, Ulf-Henrik Mellqvist, Olle Linder, Roald Lindas, Niels-Aage Tøfner Clausen, Stig Lenhoff
Journal: Blood (2011)
Linoleic acid, a dietary n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid, and the aetiology of ulcerative colitis: a nested case-control study within a European prospective cohort study
Journal: Gut (2009)

Dietary linoleic acid, an n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid, is metabolised to arachidonic acid, a component of colonocyte membranes. Metabolites of arachidonic acid have pro-inflammatory properties and are increased in the mucosa of patients with ulcerative colitis. The aim of this investigation was to conduct the first prospective cohort study investigating if a high dietary intake of linoleic acid increases the risk of developing incident ulcerative colitis.Dietary data from food frequency questionnaires were available for 203 193 men and women aged 30-74 years, resident in the UK, Sweden, Denmark, Germany or Italy and participating in a prospective cohort study, the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). These participants were followed up for the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis. Each case was matched with four controls and the risk of disease calculated by quartile of intake of linoleic acid adjusted for gender, age, smoking, total energy intake and centre.A total of 126 participants developed ulcerative colitis (47% women) after a median follow-up of 4.0 years (range, 1.7-11.3 years). The highest quartile of intake of linoleic acid was associated with an increased risk of ulcerative colitis (odds ratio (OR) = 2.49, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.23 to 5.07, p = 0.01) with a significant trend across quartiles (OR = 1.32 per quartile increase, 95% CI = 1.04 to 1.66, p = 0.02 for trend).The data support a role for dietary linoleic acid in the aetiology of ulcerative colitis. An estimated 30% of cases could be attributed to having dietary intakes higher than the lowest quartile of linoleic acid intake.
Ulceration of primary melanoma and responsiveness to adjuvant interferon therapy: Analysis of the adjuvant trials EORTC18952 and EORTC18991 in 2,644 patients
Authors: A. M. Eggermont, S. Suciu, A. Testori, P. Patel, A. Spatz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

9007 Background: Ulcerated (Ulc) melanomas have a worse prognosis than non-ulcerated (N-Ulc) melanomas. Ulc and N-Ulc primaries have different stromal characteristics and gene profiles reflecting differences in biology. We analyzed outcome after adjuvant interferon (IFN) therapy in the 2 largest phase III trials (EORTC18952 and 18991) ever conducted in stage IIB-III melanoma patients (pts). Methods: EORTC18952 compared IFNα-2b (10 MIU, sc, qd, 5 days/wk, for 4 wks) followed by either 10MIU,sc, tiw for 12 mts, or 5MIU for 24 mts) with observation in 1,388 stage IIB-III pts (Lancet 2005;366). EORTC18991 evaluated pegylated IFNα-2b (6 μg/Kg, 1×/wk, for 8 wks followed by 3μg/Kg, 1×/wk for up to 5 yrs) versus observation in 1,256 stage III pts (Lancet 2008;372). Using meta-analytical methods, predictive value for Ulc on the value of IFN on relapse-free survival (RFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), and overall survival (OS) was assessed, overall, and according to stage (IIB, III-N1 or N2=microscopic or macroscopic-nodal disease). Results: Overall, the comparison (PEG-)IFNα-2b versus observation regarding RFS, DMFS, and OS led to a reduction in the hazard ratio (HR) of -16% (SE=5%), -13%(5%), and -8%(5%). Among 2,644 pts randomized, 849 had Ulc primaries, 1,336 N-Ulc primaries, and 459 Ulc unknown. In Ulc group the impact was much greater than in N-Ulc group for RFS (Test For Interaction: p=0.02), DMFS (p&lt;0.001), and OS (p&lt;0.001). The greatest reductions occurred in pts with Ulc and stages IIB/III-N1 In N-Ulc pts reduction was absent. Consistency in the treatment impact was seen in both trials. Conclusions: The post hoc analyses of EORTC1892 and EORTC18991 indicate strongly that pts with an Ulc primary are far more sensitive to IFN than pts with N-Ulc primaries. This hypothesis will now be tested in the EORTC18081 trial, which compares PEG-IFNα-2b versus observation in pts with Ulc primaries ≥ 1mm. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
The WPA Regional Congress 'Advances in Psychiatry"
Authors: George Christodoulou
Journal: World Psychiatry (2005)

The WPA Regional and Intersectional Congress 'Advances in Psychiatry' will take place in Athens, Greece from 12 to 15 March 2005. It will be the first time that all 60 Scientific Sections of the WPA will convene to exchange ideas on scientific and policy issues. All Sections have been invited to participate and present an authoritative update paper on the progress achieved during the last three years in the scientific area covered by each Section. These updates will be published in the second volume of 'Advances in Psychiatry' (updates of the WPA Scientific Sections). Stimulating and productive discussions are anticipated. The Sections are the scientific backbone of the WPA and the Congress will provide them with the opportunity to show that they stand up to this expectation. The performance of the Sections up to now has been admirable and most WPA scientific events are based on their contribution. For example, in the WPA International Congress held in Florence last November, as many as 54 Sections presented Symposia.

The Congress will also focus on the scientific production, achievements, problems and perspectives of the countries of three WPA Zones (South Europe, Central Europe, Eastern Europe) with particular emphasis on the area of Eastern Europe and the Balkans for which a special Institutional Program of the WPA has been established. In addition to the above, there will be invited lectures and symposia by eminent professionals in our field. We anticipate a wonderful and scientifically rewarding Congress and invite all of you to submit presentations and research contributions. We look forward to welcoming you to Athens, the city of the Olympics, in March 2005.

For information and abstract submission forms, please visit the website http://www.era.gr/wpa2005athens.htm.