tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders among Patients Investigated for Occupational Asthma. An Overlooked Differential Diagnosis?
Authors: Kim L. Lavoie, Maryann Joseph, Helene Favreau, Catherine Lemiere, Manon Labrecque, Andre Cartier, Jean-Luc Malo, Denyse Gautrin, Simon L. Bacon
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2013)

Up to one-third of patients assessed for occupational asthma (OA) do not receive a diagnosis of OA or any other medical disorder. Although several differential diagnoses are considered (e.g., rhinitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), psychiatric disorders (many with somatic complaints that mimic asthma) are rarely considered or assessed.To assess the prevalence of psychiatric disorders (mood and anxiety disorders and hypochondriasis) in patients suspected of having OA, and whether psychiatric morbidity increases the risk of not receiving any medical diagnosis.A total of 219 consecutive patients (57% male; mean age, 41.8 ± 11.1 yr) underwent sociodemographic and medical history interviews on the control or specific inhalation testing day of their OA evaluation. The Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders was used to assess mood and anxiety disorders, and the Whiteley Hypochondriasis Index was used to assess hypochondriasis.A total of 26% (n = 50) of patients had OA; 25% (n = 48) had asthma or work-exacerbated asthma; 14% (n = 28) had another inflammatory disorder; 13% (n = 26) had a noninflammatory disorder; and 22% (n = 44) did not receive any medical diagnosis. A total of 34% (n = 67) of patients had a psychiatric disorder: mood and anxiety disorders affected 29% (n = 57) and 24% (n = 46) of the sample, respectively, and 7% (n = 12) had scores on the Whiteley Hypochondriasis Index indicating hypochondriasis. Hypochondriasis, but not mood or anxiety disorders, was associated with an increased risk of not receiving any medical diagnosis (adjusted odds ratio, 3.92; 95% confidence interval, 1.18-13.05; P = 0.026).Psychiatric morbidity is common in this population, and hypochondriasis may account for a significant proportion of the "undiagnosable" cases of patients who present for evaluation of OA.
An unexpected target
Authors: M. Smith, C. Allen, N. Hudson
Journal: Gut (2010)

A 56-year-old man was referred to the gastrointestinal clinic with 13 kg weight loss over 3 months associated with intermittent, poorly localised abdominal pain and a 1 week history of self-limiting diarrhoea. There was no significant past medical or family history. He was a non-smoker and vegetarian. Physical examination was unremarkable. Laboratory tests revealed a thrombocytosis (577×109/l) and folate deficiency (1.6 ng/ml); haemoglobin, white cell count, inflammatory markers and biochemical indices (renal, liver and thyroid function) were normal. Immunological tests revealed a strongly positive tissue transglutaminase (TTG) and positive antiendomysial antibodies. He underwent urgent CT …
Effect of Structured Group Education on Glycemic Control and Hypoglycemia in Insulin-Treated Patients
Authors: Dragomir J. Koev, Tzvetalina I. Tankova, Plamen G. Kozlovski
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

We investigated the effect of a structured group diabetes education program (1) on insulin-treated patients who had received individual counseling (at the time of diagnosis and insulin initiation). A total of 1,369 type 1 and insulin-treated type 2 diabetic patients with mean disease duration of 11.7 and 13.7 years, respectively, were allocated to receive or not receive structured group education, which was delivered in 10 45-min sessions over 3–5 days.

Baseline GHb levels of type 1 diabetic patients were 9.3% for …
Muscular Contractile Failure in Septic Patients
Authors: SOPHIE LANONE, ALEXANDRE MEBAZAA, CHRISTOPHE HEYMES, DOMINIQUE HENIN, JUAN JOSE PODEROSO, YVES PANIS, CHRISTINE ZEDDA, TIMOTHY BILLIAR, DIDIER PAYEN, MICHEL AUBIER, JORGE BOCZKOWSKI
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

Skeletal muscle failure is a frequent manifestation of sepsis that affects prognosis and rehabilitation by impairing respiration and ambulation. Animal studies have shown that the inducible NO synthase (NOS2) is expressed in skeletal muscles during sepsis, likely affecting muscular function, by promoting the formation of the strong oxidant peroxynitrite. In contrast, whether human skeletal muscle expresses a functional NOS2 in similar conditions is unknown. We studied NOS2 expression (mRNA and protein) and activity and its role in contractile function in samples from rectus abdominis muscle obtained during surgical procedure in 16 septic patients and in 21 controls. Peroxynitrite formation was detected by immunohistochemical detection of nitrotyrosine residues. The main results of this study are as follows: (1) A significant increase in NOS2 mRNA, protein, and activity was found in muscles from septic patients, the expression of NOS2 protein positively correlating with sepsis severity. (2) Contractile force was significantly lower in septic than in control muscles. This phenomenon was not reverted by muscle incubation ex vivo with the NOS inhibitor l-NMMA, indicating that NO was not involved in force reduction at the time of biopsy. (3) NOS2 expression in skeletal myocytes was strongly co-localized with nitrotyrosine, revealing muscular peroxynitrite generation during the septic process, before the muscle was biopsied. Exposure of control muscles to an amount of peroxynitrite similar to that generated in septic muscles during the septic process resulted in a nonreversible reduction in force generation. These results suggest that NOS2 could be involved in the decreased muscular force of septic patients via the local generation of peroxynitrite.
Memory and cognitive control in an integrated theory of language processing
Authors: L. Robert Slevc, Jared M. Novick
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2013)

Abstract Pickering &amp; Garrod's (P&amp;G's) integrated model of production and comprehension includes no explicit role for nonlinguistic cognitive processes. Yet, how domain-general cognitive functions contribute to language processing has become clearer with well-specified theories and supporting data. We therefore believe that their account can benefit by incorporating functions like working memory and cognitive control into a unified model of language processing.
Role of peptidases in bradykinin-induced increase in vascular permeability in vivo.
Authors: T Yong, X P Gao, S Koizumi, J M Conlon, S I Rennard, W G Mayhan, I Rubinstein
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

The purpose of this study was to examine whether neutral endopeptidase and angiotensin I-converting enzyme, two membrane-bound metalloenzymes that are widely distributed in the microcirculation, play a role in bradykinin-induced increase in vascular permeability in the hamster cheek pouch. Changes in vascular permeability were quantified by counting the number of leaky sites and by calculating the clearance of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran (molecular mass, 70,000 d) during suffusion of the cheek pouch with bradykinin. Bradykinin produced a concentration- and time-dependent increase in the number of leaky sites and clearance of FITC-dextran. The selective, active site-directed neutral endopeptidase inhibitors phosphoramidon (1.0 microM) and thiorphan (10.0 microM) and the selective angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitor captopril (10.0 microM) each shifted the concentration-response curve to bradykinin significantly to the left. During suffusion with bradykinin (1.0 microM) and phosphoramidon, the number of leaky sites increased significantly from 17 +/- 2 to 27 +/- 4 sites per 0.11 cm2 (mean +/- SEM, p less than 0.05), and FITC-dextran clearance increased significantly from 1.0 +/- 0.2 to 2.1 +/- 0.3 ml/sex x 10(-6).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A Randomized Trial of a Home System to Reduce Nocturnal Hypoglycemia in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: David M. Maahs, Peter Calhoun, Bruce A. Buckingham, H. Peter Chase, Irene Hramiak, John Lum, Fraser Cameron, B. Wayne Bequette, Tandy Aye, Terri Paul, Robert Slover, R. Paul Wadwa, Darrell M. Wilson, Craig Kollman, Roy W. Beck
Journal: Diabetes Care (2014)

OBJECTIVE Overnight hypoglycemia occurs frequently in individuals with type 1 diabetes and can result in loss of consciousness, seizure, or even death. We conducted an in-home randomized trial to determine whether nocturnal hypoglycemia could be safely reduced by temporarily suspending pump insulin delivery when hypoglycemia was predicted by an algorithm based on continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) glucose levels. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Following an initial run-in phase, a 42-night trial was conducted in 45 individuals aged 15–45 years with type 1 diabetes in which each night was assigned randomly to either having the predictive low-glucose suspend system active (intervention night) or inactive (control night). The primary outcome was the proportion of nights in which ≥1 CGM glucose values ≤60 mg/dL occurred. RESULTS Overnight hypoglycemia with at least one CGM value ≤60 mg/dL occurred on 196 of 942 (21%) intervention nights versus 322 of 970 (33%) control nights (odds ratio 0.52 [95% CI 0.43–0.64]; P &amp;lt; 0.001). Median hypoglycemia area under the curve was reduced by 81%, and hypoglycemia lasting &amp;gt;2 h was reduced by 74%. Overnight sensor glucose was &amp;gt;180 mg/dL during 57% of control nights and 59% of intervention nights (P = 0.17), while morning blood glucose was &amp;gt;180 mg/dL following 21% and 27% of nights, respectively (P &amp;lt; 0.001), and &amp;gt;250 mg/dL following 6% and 6%, respectively. Morning ketosis was present &amp;lt;1% of the time in each arm. CONCLUSIONS Use of a nocturnal low-glucose suspend system can substantially reduce overnight hypoglycemia without an increase in morning ketosis.
Circulating Levels of Cytokines and Their Endogenous Modulators in Patients With Mild to Severe Congestive Heart Failure Due to Coronary Artery Disease or Hypertension
Authors: MARCO TESTA, MICHAEL YEH, PAUL LEE, JOAN W BERMAN, THIERRY H LEJEMTEL, RAFFAELE FANELLI, FRANCESCO LOPERFIDO
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Arterial embolization caused by injection of hyaluronic acid (Restylane): reply from authors
Authors: S. Schanz, G. Fierlbech
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

British Journal of DermatologyVolume 148, Issue 2 p. 379-380 Arterial embolization caused by injection of hyaluronic acid (Restylane): reply from authors S. Schanz, S. Schanz University Hospital Tübingen, Department of Dermatology, Liebermeisterstraße 25, 72076 Tübingen, Germany. E-mail: stefan.schanz@med.uni-tuebingen.deSearch for more papers by this authorG. Fierlbech, G. Fierlbech University Hospital Tübingen, Department of Dermatology, Liebermeisterstraße 25, 72076 Tübingen, Germany. E-mail: stefan.schanz@med.uni-tuebingen.deSearch for more papers by this author S. Schanz, S. Schanz University Hospital Tübingen, Department of Dermatology, Liebermeisterstraße 25, 72076 Tübingen, Germany. E-mail: stefan.schanz@med.uni-tuebingen.deSearch for more papers by this authorG. Fierlbech, G. Fierlbech University Hospital Tübingen, Department of Dermatology, Liebermeisterstraße 25, 72076 Tübingen, Germany. E-mail: stefan.schanz@med.uni-tuebingen.deSearch for more papers by this author First published: 17 February 2003 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05097_14.xCitations: 3Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume148, Issue2February 2003Pages 379-380 RelatedInformation
Prevalence of extra-articular manifestations in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Carmen Stolwijk, Astrid van Tubergen, José Dionisio Castillo-Ortiz, Annelies Boonen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

Uveitis, psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are common extra-articular manifestations (EAM) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS); however, summary data of reported prevalence are lacking. The aim of the present study was to summarise the prevalence of EAMs among patients with AS and to identify underlying factors to explain potential heterogeneity of prevalence.A systematic literature search was performed (Medline, Embase and Cochrane Library) to identify relevant articles. Risk of bias was assessed and data were extracted. Pooled prevalences were calculated. Potential sources of any observed clinical or methodological heterogeneity in the estimates were explored by subgroup and metaregression analysis.In the 156 selected articles, 143 reported the prevalence of uveitis (44 372 patients), 56 of psoriasis (27 626 patients) and 69 of IBD (30 410 patients). Substantial heterogeneity was observed in prevalence estimates among all EAMs (I(2)=84-95%). The pooled prevalence of uveitis was 25.8% (95% CI 24.1% to 27.6%), and was positively associated in multivariable metaregression with disease duration (β 0.05, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.08) and random selection of patients (β -0.24, 95% CI -0.43 to -0.04). The pooled prevalence of psoriasis was 9.3% (95% CI 8.1% to 10.6%). The pooled prevalence of IBD was 6.8% (95% CI 6.1% to 7.7%) and was positively associated with the percentage of women in the studies (β 0.02, 95% CI 0.00 to 0.03). Geographical area was associated in multivariable metaregressions with prevalence of all EAMs.EAMs are common in patients with AS. The large heterogeneity between studies can be partly explained by differences in clinical as well as methodological characteristics.
Cardia bifida, defective heart development and abnormal neural crest migration in embryos lacking hypoxia-inducible factor-1α
Authors: V Compernolle
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2003)

Objectives: Previous studies have revealed the essential role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, in cardiovascular development. We attempted to further characterize the underlying mechanisms resulting in abnormal cardiogenesis and defective angiogenesis in mice deficient for HIF-1α (HIF-1α−/−). Methods: We analyzed cardiovascular development in HIF-1α−/− embryos at both the macroscopic and microscopic level. Gene expression was determined by RT-PCR, in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. Embryonic survival was studied using whole embryo culture. Results: HIF-1α deficiency caused cardia bifida in some embryos, while cardiac looping was disturbed in others. These defects did not result from abnormal cardiomyocyte commitment or differentiation, but may relate to defective ventricle formation caused by reduced expression of myocyte enhancer factor 2C (MEF2C) and eHAND. In addition, remodeling of the aortic outflow tract and cephalic blood vessels was abnormal in HIF-1α−/− embryos. These malformations, together with the hypoplastic pharyngeal arches, are presumably induced by defective neural crest cell (NCC) migration. Impaired migration might be related to insufficient levels of semaphorin-3A (Sema3A). Hyperoxia prolonged survival but only partially rescued the developmental program of cultured HIF-1α−/− embryos. Conclusion: HIF-1α is essential for proper cardiac development by modulating both neural crest migration and ventricle formation.
Coupling Mechanism and Significance of the BOLD Signal: A Status Report
Authors: Elizabeth M.C. Hillman
Journal: Annual Review of Neuroscience (2014)

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) provides a unique view of the working human mind. The blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal, detected in fMRI, reflects changes in deoxyhemoglobin driven by localized changes in brain blood flow and blood oxygenation, which are coupled to underlying neuronal activity by a process termed neurovascular coupling. Over the past 10 years, a range of cellular mechanisms, including astrocytes, pericytes, and interneurons, have been proposed to play a role in functional neurovascular coupling. However, the field remains conflicted over the relative importance of each process, while key spatiotemporal features of BOLD response remain unexplained. Here, we review current candidate neurovascular coupling mechanisms and propose that previously overlooked involvement of the vascular endothelium may provide a more complete picture of how blood flow is controlled in the brain. We also explore the possibility and consequences of conditions in which neurovascular coupling may be altered, including during postnatal development, pathological states, and aging, noting relevance to both stimulus-evoked and resting-state fMRI studies.
Safety, tolerability, and antibody response of active Aβ immunotherapy with CAD106 in patients with Alzheimer's disease: randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, first-in-human study
Authors: Bengt Winblad, Niels Andreasen, Lennart Minthon, Annette Floesser, Georges Imbert, Thomas Dumortier, R Paul Maguire, Kaj Blennow, Joens Lundmark, Matthias Staufenbiel, Jean-Marc Orgogozo, Ana Graf
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2012)
Passive mechanical stretch releases atrial natriuretic peptide from rat ventricular myocardium.
Authors: P Kinnunen, O Vuolteenaho, P Uusimaa, H Ruskoaho
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

Ventricular hypertrophy is characterized by augmentation of synthesis, storage, and release of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) from ventricular tissue, but the physiological stimulus for ANP release from ventricles is not known. We determined the effect of graded, passive myocardial stretch on ANP release in isolated, arrested, perfused heart preparations after removal of the atria in 13-20-month-old Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). By this age, ANP gene expression was increased in the hypertrophic ventricular cells of SHR, as reflected by elevated levels of immunoreactive ANP and ANP mRNA and the increased ANP secretion (SHR, 93 +/- 14 pg/ml, n = 22; WKY rats, 22 +/- 2 pg/ml, n = 20; p less than 0.001) from perfused ventricles after removal of the atria. The release of ANP from ventricles was examined at two levels of left ventricular pressure by increasing the volume of the intraventricular balloon for 10 minutes. Stretching of the ventricles produced a rapid but transient increase in ANP secretion. As left ventricular pressure rose from 0 to 14 and 26 mm Hg in WKY rats and from 0 to 13 and 27 mm Hg in SHR, increases in ANP release into the perfusate of 1.4 +/- 0.1-fold and 1.5 +/- 0.2-fold (p less than 0.05) in WKY rats and 1.1 +/- 0.1-fold and 1.6 +/- 0.2-fold (p less than 0.05) in SHR, respectively, were observed. There was a highly significant correlation between the left ventricular pressure level and the maximal concentration of ANP in the perfusate during stretching (p less than 0.001, r = 0.59, n = 42), as well as between the maximal ANP concentrations in perfusate during stretching and the ventricular weight/body weight ratios of the corresponding animals (r = 0.38, p less than 0.05, n = 42). High performance liquid chromatographic analysis revealed that the ventricles both before and during stretch primarily released the processed, active, 28-amino acid ANP-like peptide into the perfusate. These results indicate that stretching is a direct stimulus for ventricular ANP release and show that ANP is also a ventricular hormone.
Aspirin and Mortality from Coronary Bypass Surgery
Authors: Dennis T. Mangano
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

There is no therapy known to reduce the risk of complications or death after coronary bypass surgery. Because platelet activation constitutes a pivotal mechanism for injury in patients with atherosclerosis, we assessed whether early treatment with aspirin could improve survival after coronary bypass surgery.At 70 centers in 17 countries, we prospectively studied 5065 patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery, of whom 5022 survived the first 48 hours after surgery. We gathered data on 7500 variables per patient and adjudicated outcomes centrally. The primary focus was to discern the relation between early aspirin use and fatal and nonfatal outcomes.During hospitalization, 164 patients died (3.2 percent), and 812 others (16.0 percent) had nonfatal cardiac, cerebral, renal, or gastrointestinal ischemic complications. Among patients who received aspirin (up to 650 mg) within 48 hours after revascularization, subsequent mortality was 1.3 percent (40 of 2999 patients), as compared with 4.0 percent among those who did not receive aspirin during this period (81 of 2023, P<0.001). Aspirin therapy was associated with a 48 percent reduction in the incidence of myocardial infarction (2.8 percent vs. 5.4 percent, P<0.001), a 50 percent reduction in the incidence of stroke (1.3 percent vs. 2.6 percent, P=0.01), a 74 percent reduction in the incidence of renal failure (0.9 percent vs. 3.4 percent, P<0.001), and a 62 percent reduction in the incidence of bowel infarction (0.3 percent vs. 0.8 percent, P=0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that no other factor or medication was independently associated with reduced rates of these outcomes and that the risk of hemorrhage, gastritis, infection, or impaired wound healing was not increased with aspirin use (odds ratio for these adverse events, 0.63; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.54 to 0.74).Early use of aspirin after coronary bypass surgery is safe and is associated with a reduced risk of death and ischemic complications involving the heart, brain, kidneys, and gastrointestinal tract.
The capillary membrane and calcium kinetics in perfused hearts: independence of force decay on heart rate
Authors: J. T SAARI
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1982)

Journal Article The capillary membrane and calcium kinetics in perfused hearts: independence of force decay on heart rate Get access JACK T SAARI JACK T SAARI From the Department of Physiology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 16, Issue 8, August 1982, Pages 417–422, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/16.8.417 Published: 01 August 1982
DECLINING RATES OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN THE UNITED STATES: What Are the Contributors?
Authors: Ross C. Brownson, Tegan K. Boehmer, Douglas A. Luke
Journal: Annual Review of Public Health (2004)

▪ Abstract This review describes current patterns and long-term trends (up to 50 years when possible) related to (a) physical activity, (b) employment and occupation, (c) travel behavior, (d) land use, and (e) related behaviors (e.g., television watching). On the basis of available data, the following trends were observed according to type of physical activity: relatively stable or slightly increasing levels of leisure-time physical activity, declining work-related activity, declining transportation activity, declining activity in the home, and increasing sedentary activity. These result in an overall trend of declining total physical activity. Large differences were noted in the rates of walking for transportation across metropolitan statistical areas. A strong linear increase existed in vehicle miles traveled per person over the past half century, coupled with a strong and consistent trend toward Americans living in suburbs. Although it is difficult to precisely quantify owing to the lack of long-term data, it is apparent that a combination of changes to the built environment and increases in the proportion of the population engaging in sedentary activities put the majority of the American population at high risk of physical inactivity.