tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Phase II study of ortataxel in taxane-resistant breast cancer
Authors: M. Beer, L. Lenaz, D. Amadori
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

1066 Background: Ortataxel, a new-generation taxane, is not a substrate for the Pgp efflux pump. It is active in tumor models resistant to paclitaxel and docetaxel and elicits responses in taxane-resistant non-small cell lung cancer. Methods: This single-arm phase II study was performed in 23 centers in patients with advanced or metastatic breast cancer. Patients were required to have resistant disease, defined as disease progression within 6 months of prior treatment with a taxane. Other selection criteria included PS ≤2 and good organ function. Patients received ortataxel, 75 mg/m² as a 1-hour i.v. infusion every 3 weeks until disease progression or excessive toxicity. Tumor measurements were scheduled every 2 cycles. Primary endpoint was complete or partial (PR) response by WHO criteria. Results: Of 85 patients accrued, 82 were treated and 76 evaluable for response. Median age was 52; 46% had a PS of 1 or 2, 31% had received more than 4 distinct chemotherapy regimens and 62% had been previously irradiated. There were 6 PR (7% of all treated; 95% c.i. 2.5- 12%), with a response duration of 4–9 months (median 7 months). Also, 31 patients (38%) had stable disease during 1.5–11+ months. Only 2 responders had had a long prior response to a taxane combination (16 - 20 months); the others had experienced progression within 6 months of its start. Adverse effects were judged drug-related in 80 patients, including 2 deaths from liver failure. Neutropenia was present in 74% (grade 3–4 in 57%). Of the 48% cases of peripheral neuropathy, 5% were severe. Fatigue and malaise were also significant. Conclusions: Ortataxel retains encouraging activity and clinical benefit in breast cancer patients who are resistant to paclitaxel or docetaxel combinations. Its toxicity, comparable to these two other taxanes, was tolerable in this heavily treated population. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc Bayer
Relationship between lung function and quantitative computed tomographic parameters of airway remodeling, air trapping, and emphysema in patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A single-center study
Authors: Ruth A. Hartley, Bethan L. Barker, Chris Newby, Mini Pakkal, Simonetta Baldi, Radhika Kajekar, Richard Kay, Marie Laurencin, Richard P. Marshall, Ana R. Sousa, Harsukh Parmar, Salman Siddiqui, Sumit Gupta, Chris E. Brightling
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)

There is a paucity of studies comparing asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) based on thoracic quantitative computed tomographic (QCT) parameters.We sought to compare QCT parameters of airway remodeling, air trapping, and emphysema between asthmatic patients and patients with COPD and explore their relationship with airflow limitation.Asthmatic patients (n = 171), patients with COPD (n = 81), and healthy subjects (n = 49) recruited from a single center underwent QCT and clinical characterization.Proximal airway percentage wall area (%WA) was significantly increased in asthmatic patients (62.5% [SD, 2.2]) and patients with COPD (62.7% [SD, 2.3]) compared with that in healthy control subjects (60.3% [SD, 2.2], P < .001). Air trapping measured based on mean lung density expiratory/inspiratory ratio was significantly increased in patients with COPD (mean, 0.922 [SD, 0.037]) and asthmatic patients (mean, 0.852 [SD, 0.061]) compared with that in healthy subjects (mean, 0.816 [SD, 0.066], P < .001). Emphysema assessed based on lung density measured by using Hounsfield units below which 15% of the voxels lie (Perc15) was a feature of COPD only (patients with COPD: mean, -964 [SD, 19.62] vs asthmatic patients: mean, -937 [SD, 22.7] and healthy subjects: mean, -937 [SD, 17.1], P < .001). Multiple regression analyses showed that the strongest predictor of lung function impairment in asthmatic patients was %WA, whereas in the COPD and asthma subgrouped with postbronchodilator FEV1 percent predicted value of less than 80%, it was air trapping. Factor analysis of QCT parameters in asthmatic patients and patients with COPD combined determined 3 components, with %WA, air trapping, and Perc15 values being the highest loading factors. Cluster analysis identified 3 clusters with mild, moderate, or severe lung function impairment with corresponding decreased lung density (Perc15 values) and increased air trapping.In asthmatic patients and patients with COPD, lung function impairment is strongly associated with air trapping, with a contribution from proximal airway narrowing in asthmatic patients.
Abstract 287: Shock Success Rates with Sternal-apical vs. Anterior-posterior Pad Positioning During Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Jan-Aage Olsen, David Persse, Chris Souders, Cathrine Brunborg, Lars Wik
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Shock success rates for sternal-apical (SA) and anterior-posterior (AP) defibrillator pad positions have not been compared clinically. Houston Fire EMS historically used AP, but changed to SA position, enabling shock success rate comparisons in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients. Methods: Patients treated with manual CPR and biphasic LifePak 500/12 defibrillators (Physio-Control, Redmond, US) were included from January 2006 to April 2007 for AP and from March 2009 to January 2011 for SA, this excluded the transition period when either position may have been used. ECG files were reviewed and initial rhythm, immediate pre-shock and five seconds post-shock rhythms were recorded as shockable or non-shockable. Only indicated shocks were included in analysis of shock success defined as termination of ventricular arrhythmias for at least five seconds. Data were analyzed using SPSS, and differences between the SA and AP groups were calculated using chi-square test and odds ratios (OR). Results: Of 989 shocked patients, 917 (93%) received 3074 indicated shocks. Of these indicated shocks 1163 of 1436 (81.0%) were successful in 476 SA patients vs. 1303 of 1638 (79.5%) in 441 AP patients (OR 1.10, 95% CI: 0.92-1.31, p=0.32). Median number of indicated shocks was 3 (IQR 1-4) in SA group and 3 (IQR 1-5) in AP group. Initial rhythm was shockable in 269 (57%) SA patients and in 277 (63%) AP patients (p=0.05) with 797 of 993 shocks (80.3%) being successful in this subgroup of SA patients vs. 859 of 1069 (80.4%) in the AP patients (OR 0.99, 95% CI: 0.80-1.24, p=0.96). Conclusion: There was no significant difference in shock success rate between sternal-apical and anterior-posterior defibrillator pads positioning during manual CPR of OHCA patients.
International Myeloma Working Group Recommendations for the Diagnosis and Management of Myeloma-Related Renal Impairment
Authors: Meletios A. Dimopoulos, Pieter Sonneveld, Nelson Leung, Giampaolo Merlini, Heinz Ludwig, Efstathios Kastritis, Hartmut Goldschmidt, Douglas Joshua, Robert Z. Orlowski, Raymond Powles, David H. Vesole, Laurent Garderet, Hermann Einsele, Antonio Palumbo, Michele Cavo, Paul G. Richardson, Philippe Moreau, Jesús San Miguel, S. Vincent Rajkumar, Brian G.M. Durie, Evangelos Terpos
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

The aim of the International Myeloma Working Group was to develop practical recommendations for the diagnosis and management of multiple myeloma-related renal impairment (RI).Recommendations were based on published data through December 2015, and were developed using the system developed by the Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation Working Group.All patients with myeloma at diagnosis and at disease assessment should have serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and electrolytes measurements as well as free light chain, if available, and urine electrophoresis of a sample from a 24-hour urine collection (grade A). The Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration, preferably, or the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula should be used for the evaluation of estimated glomerular filtration rate in patients with stabilized serum creatinine (grade A). International Myeloma Working Group criteria for renal reversibility should be used (grade B). For the management of RI in patients with multiple myeloma, high fluid intake is indicated along with antimyeloma therapy (grade B). The use of high-cutoff hemodialysis membranes in combination with antimyeloma therapy can be considered (grade B). Bortezomib-based regimens remain the cornerstone of the management of myeloma-related RI (grade A). High-dose dexamethasone should be administered at least for the first month of therapy (grade B). Thalidomide is effective in patients with myeloma with RI, and no dose modifications are needed (grade B). Lenalidomide is effective and safe, mainly in patients with mild to moderate RI (grade B); for patients with severe RI or on dialysis, lenalidomide should be given with close monitoring for hematologic toxicity (grade B) with dose reduction as needed. High-dose therapy with autologous stem cell transplantation (with melphalan 100 mg/m(2) to 140 mg/m(2)) is feasible in patients with RI (grade C). Carfilzomib can be safely administered to patients with creatinine clearance > 15 mL/min, whereas ixazomib in combination with lenalidomide and dexamethasone can be safely administered to patients with creatinine clearance > 30 mL/min (grade A).
Phenotyping Of Leukemic Stem Cells In Ph+ ALL and Ph- ALL Reveals Unique Profiles Of Markers and Targets In Distinct Disease Variants
Authors: Sabine Cerny-Reiterer, Katharina Blatt, Harald Herrmann, Gregor Eisenwort, Susanne Herndlhofer, Heinz Sill, Werner Rabitsch, Christine Mannhalter, Alexander Hauswirth, Wolfgang R Sperr, Ulrich Jaeger, Peter Valent
Journal: Blood (2013)
Evaluation Study of Congestive Heart Failure and Pulmonary Artery Catheterization Effectiveness
Authors: Cynthia Binanay, Robert M Califf, Vic Hasselblad, Christopher M O'Connor, Monica R Shah, George Sopko, Lynne W Stevenson, Gary S Francis, Carl V Leier, Leslie W Miller
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Pulmonary artery catheters (PACs) have been used to guide therapy in multiple settings, but recent studies have raised concerns that PACs may lead to increased mortality in hospitalized patients.To determine whether PAC use is safe and improves clinical outcomes in patients hospitalized with severe symptomatic and recurrent heart failure.The Evaluation Study of Congestive Heart Failure and Pulmonary Artery Catheterization Effectiveness (ESCAPE) was a randomized controlled trial of 433 patients at 26 sites conducted from January 18, 2000, to November 17, 2003. Patients were assigned to receive therapy guided by clinical assessment and a PAC or clinical assessment alone. The target in both groups was resolution of clinical congestion, with additional PAC targets of a pulmonary capillary wedge pressure of 15 mm Hg and a right atrial pressure of 8 mm Hg. Medications were not specified, but inotrope use was explicitly discouraged.The primary end point was days alive out of the hospital during the first 6 months, with secondary end points of exercise, quality of life, biochemical, and echocardiographic changes.Severity of illness was reflected by the following values: average left ventricular ejection fraction, 19%; systolic blood pressure, 106 mm Hg; sodium level, 137 mEq/L; urea nitrogen, 35 mg/dL (12.40 mmol/L); and creatinine, 1.5 mg/dL (132.6 micromol/L). Therapy in both groups led to substantial reduction in symptoms, jugular venous pressure, and edema. Use of the PAC did not significantly affect the primary end point of days alive and out of the hospital during the first 6 months (133 days vs 135 days; hazard ratio [HR], 1.00 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 0.82-1.21]; P = .99), mortality (43 patients [10%] vs 38 patients [9%]; odds ratio [OR], 1.26 [95% CI, 0.78-2.03]; P = .35), or the number of days hospitalized (8.7 vs 8.3; HR, 1.04 [95% CI, 0.86-1.27]; P = .67). In-hospital adverse events were more common among patients in the PAC group (47 [21.9%] vs 25 [11.5%]; P = .04). There were no deaths related to PAC use, and no difference for in-hospital plus 30-day mortality (10 [4.7%] vs 11 [5.0%]; OR, 0.97 [95% CI, 0.38-2.22]; P = .97). Exercise and quality of life end points improved in both groups with a trend toward greater improvement with the PAC, which reached significance for the time trade-off at all time points after randomization.Therapy to reduce volume overload during hospitalization for heart failure led to marked improvement in signs and symptoms of elevated filling pressures with or without the PAC. Addition of the PAC to careful clinical assessment increased anticipated adverse events, but did not affect overall mortality and hospitalization. Future trials should test noninvasive assessments with specific treatment strategies that could be used to better tailor therapy for both survival time and survival quality as valued by patients.
Pharmacokinetic interaction and safety of enzastaurin and pemetrexed in patients with advanced or metastatic cancer
Authors: A. Hanauske, K. Weigang Koehler, E. Yilmaz, T. Graefe, B. Kuenen, D. Thornton, M. Lahn, C. Darstein, L. Musib, G. Guiseppe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

2047 Background: Enzastaurin, an orally administered potent PKC inhibitor, is an anti-angiogenic agent that also suppresses PI3K/AKT to inhibit tumor cell proliferation and induce tumor cell death. Preclinical data suggest that the combination of enzastaurin and pemetrexed (Alimta) produced additive or synergistic antitumor activity in tumor specimens. This phase 1b study evaluated the safety, pharmacokinetic (PK) interaction, and antitumor activity of enzastaurin when combined with pemetrexed. Methods: Patients (pts) with advanced or metastatic cancer and an ECOG status of 0–2 received an intravenous dose of 500 mg/m 2 pemetrexed on day 1 and an oral dose of 500 mg enzastaurin once daily, (after day 4 in cycle 1) in repeat 21-day cycles for up to 6 cycles. In cycle 1, a loading dose of 1200 mg enzastaurin (400 mg/3×/day) was given on day 4. Pts were also given oral folic acid daily and vitamin B 12 every 9 weeks for the duration of pemetrexed therapy, and 5–7 days before cycle 1. Results: Blood samples for PK analysis of enzastaurin (n = 21) were collected on day 21 of cycle 1 and day 1 of cycle 2, and for analysis of pemetrexed (n = 22) on day 1 of cycle 1 and cycle 2. Steady-state concentration [geometric mean (%CV)] of total analytes (enzastaurin and its metabolites) was 1270 nM (126%) when administered alone and 1130 nM (100%) when administered with pemetrexed. Thus, no significant differences in exposures were observed when combined with pemetrexed. Clearance of pemetrexed was the same when dosed either with enzastaurin (2.48 L/h/m 2 ) or as a single agent (2.62 L/h/m 2 ). Safety data from the first 2 cycles are consistent with the known toxicity profile of pemetrexed. No grade 3 or 4 toxicity was reported following the loading dose of 1200 mg enzastaurin. Conclusions: Preliminary data suggest that there is no significant PK interaction between enzastaurin and pemetrexed, and that the combination is well tolerated. The current study is ongoing and subsequent analyses will document tumor responses and safety for longer-term treatment of enzastaurin combined with pemetrexed. This first PK study of enzastaurin and pemetrexed will help determine if enzastaurin has an additive clinical benefit to pemetrexed treatment and support future studies in NSCLC and mesothelioma. [Table: see text]
Cancer Mortality Among Chinese Americans, 1950–69
Authors: Joseph F. Fraumeni, Thomas J. Mason
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Journal Article Cancer Mortality Among Chinese Americans, 1950–69 Get access Joseph F. Fraumeni, J.r, M.D, Joseph F. Fraumeni, J.r, M.D Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Thomas J. Mason, Ph.D Thomas J. Mason, Ph.D 3Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Bethesda, Md. 20014. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 52, Issue 3, March 1974, Pages 659–665, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/52.3.659 Published: 01 March 1974 Article history Received: 31 August 1973 Accepted: 14 November 1973 Published: 01 March 1974
Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation in the Elderly; Preliminary Results from the National AFTER (Atrial Fibrillation in Turkey: Epidemiologic Registry) Study
Authors: Faruk Ertas, Mustafa Oylumlu, Mehmet Ata Akıl, Halit Acet, Mehmet Zihni Bilik, Tahsin Celepkolu, Abdulkadir Yildiz, Hasan Kaya, Sait Alan, Hakan Özhan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Risk Factors for Thrombosis Vary According to Age in Patients with Essential Thrombocythemia: a Retrospective Analysis of 1090 Patients from the “Gruppo Laziale SMPC Ph Negative “,
Authors: Marco Montanaro, Roberto Latagliata, Michele Cedrone, Nicoletta Villivà, Raffaele Porrini, Francesca Spirito, Angela Rago, Sabrina Leonetti Crescenzi, Antonio Spadea, Marianna De Muro, Ettore Cotroneo, Massimo Breccia, Cinzia De Gregoris, Barbara Anaclerico, Stefano Felici, Carla Ruscio, Jonny Di Giandomenico, Luca Franceschini, Gloria Pessina, Giuseppe Cimino, Enrico Montefusco, Ignazio Majolino, Maria Gabriella Mazzucconi, Giuliana Alimena, Alessandro Andriani
Journal: Blood (2011)
Treatment of progressive neurofibromatosis type 2-related vestibular schwannoma with erlotinib
Authors: S. R. Plotkin, C. F. Halpin, M. J. McKenna, T. T. Batchelor, J. S. Loeffler, F. G. Barker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

2045 Background: Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) is a tumor-suppressor syndrome characterized by the presence of bilateral vestibular schwannomas (VS), which cause hearing loss, tinnitus, and imbalance. Hearing preservation rates after surgery and radiation are low (<40%). New alternatives are needed for NF2 patients with progressive tumors. Preclinical data suggests that EGFR inhibitors restore contact-dependent inhibition of growth in NF2-deficient cell lines. Methods: We performed a retrospective IRB-approved analysis on 8 NF2 patients with progressive VS who were treated with erlotinib150 mg daily. Volumetric MRI analysis was used to measure the annualized growth rate before and after erlotinib therapy and was correlated with changes in pure tone audiometry. Results: There were 5 women and 3 men with a median age of 24.5 years (range, 16 to 63 years). At baseline, 6 of 8 patients had unilateral anacusis with progressive hearing loss in the contralateral (hearing) ear due to tumor growth. Two patients with bilateral anacusis who refused surgery had progressive tumor growth causing severe brainstem. The median tumor size on the affected side was 11 cm3. Six patients were evaluable radiographically and six audiometrically with a median follow-up was 7.1 months (range, 0.5–13.6 months). The median annualized tumor growth decreased from 47% to 35.5%, and the median change in annualized tumor growth was -13.5% (range, -33% to 21%). Hearing improved in 1 patient by pure-tone thresholds and word recognition, was stable for ≥ 6months in 3 patients, and declined in 2 patients. Erlotinib was well tolerated. Rash and diarrhea (grade 1/2) developed in 7 and 5 patients, respectively, and one developed grade 2 keratitis. Conclusions: This case series suggests that erlotinib is safe and well-tolerated in NF2 patients and is associated with radiographic and audiologic responses. A phase II trial of erlotinib is planned for NF2 patients with progressive VS who are not candidates for surgery or radiation. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
The Bidirectional Associations Between Psychotic Experiences and DSM-IV Mental Disorders
Authors: John J. McGrath, Sukanta Saha, Ali Al-Hamzawi, Laura Andrade, Corina Benjet, Evelyn J. Bromet, Mark Oakley Browne, Jose M. Caldas de Almeida, Wai Tat Chiu, Koen Demyttenaere, John Fayyad, Silvia Florescu, Giovanni de Girolamo, Oye Gureje, Josep Maria Haro, Margreet ten Have, Chiyi Hu, Viviane Kovess-Masfety, Carmen C.W. Lim, Fernando Navarro-Mateu, Nancy Sampson, José Posada-Villa, Kenneth S. Kendler, Ronald C. Kessler
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2016)

While it is now recognized that psychotic experiences are associated with an increased risk of later mental disorders, we lack a detailed understanding of the reciprocal time-lagged relationships between first onsets of psychotic experiences and mental disorders. Using data from World Health Organization World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys, the authors assessed the bidirectional temporal associations between psychotic experiences and mental disorders.The WMH Surveys assessed lifetime prevalence and age at onset of psychotic experiences and 21 common DSM-IV mental disorders among 31,261 adult respondents from 18 countries. Discrete-time survival models were used to examine bivariate and multivariate associations between psychotic experiences and mental disorders.Temporally primary psychotic experiences were significantly associated with subsequent first onset of eight of the 21 mental disorders (major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, social phobia, posttraumatic stress disorder, adult separation anxiety disorder, bulimia nervosa, and alcohol abuse), with odds ratios ranging from 1.3 (95% CI=1.2-1.5) for major depressive disorder to 2.0 (95% CI=1.5-2.6) for bipolar disorder. In contrast, 18 of 21 primary mental disorders were significantly associated with subsequent first onset of psychotic experiences, with odds ratios ranging from 1.5 (95% CI=1.0-2.1) for childhood separation anxiety disorder to 2.8 (95% CI=1.0-7.8) for anorexia nervosa.While temporally primary psychotic experiences are associated with an elevated risk of several subsequent mental disorders, these data show that most mental disorders are associated with an elevated risk of subsequent psychotic experiences. Further investigation of the underlying factors accounting for these time-order relationships may shed light on the etiology of psychotic experiences.
Cytoreduction and prognosis in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Authors: M Schrappe, A Reiter, H Riehm
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1996)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1996.14.8.2403 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 8708735 Cytoreduction and prognosis in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. M SchrappexM SchrappeSearch for articles by this author , A ReiterxA ReiterSearch for articles by this author , H RiehmxH RiehmSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1996.14.8.2403 First Page PDF © 1996 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Management of sinusitis
Authors: M. De Meyre
Journal: BMJ (1995)

excision or mastectomy for breast cancer is prob- ably at least 20%,2 and mild discomfort may be experienced even more commonly.The pain is usually a late onset phenomenon, developing any- thing from a few months to several years after treatment.This problem is frequently encountered in both hospital and general practice, and failure to recog- nise the syndrome can lead to much anxiety for the patient and often fruitless and unnecessary investigations.