tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 035: Ideal Cardiovascular Health in Young Adulthood and Cognitive Functioning 25 Years Later: The CARDIA Study
Authors: Jared P Reis, Catherine M Loria, Lenore J Launer, Stephen Sidney, Kiang Liu, Kristine Yaffe
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Accumulating evidence suggests the presence of cardiovascular risk factors in middle-age is associated with later adulthood cognitive dysfunction; however, the consequences of suboptimal cardiovascular health in young adulthood are unclear. Methods: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study is a cohort of white and black men and women who were 18-30 years when a series of health behaviors (smoking status, body mass index, physical activity, diet) and health factors (total cholesterol, blood pressure, fasting glucose) were measured during a baseline clinic examination in 1985-1986. Included in the current study were 2,577 participants who completed an examination 25 years later when a cognitive battery to assess psychomotor speed (Digit Symbol Substitution Test [DSST]), executive function (modified Stroop Test), and verbal memory (Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test [RAVLT]) were administered. Ideal levels for each behavior and factor were defined according to the 2020 American Heart Association Goals for Cardiovascular Health. Associations were adjusted for age, sex, race, midlife educational attainment, and study center. Results: At baseline, the percentage of participants with 0-1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6-7 ideal health factors were 1.2%, 7.2%, 19.6%, 34.9%, 29.2%, and 7.8%, respectively. Adjusted mean DSST and RAVLT scores were higher among those with a greater number of ideal health factors ( Table ). Each additional factor at the ideal level was associated with a 0.78-point higher DSST score (95% CI: 0.28 to 1.28) and a 0.13-point higher memory score (95% CI: 0.02 to 0.25). Results did not differ by race or sex (p-interaction &gt; 0.05). The ideal cardiovascular health score was not associated with performance on the Stroop Test. Conclusion: In this population-based sample, ideal cardiovascular health in young adulthood was independently associated with cognitive functioning in midlife. Table. Adjusted * mean (standard error) cognitive function scores at Year 25 by number of ideal health behaviors and factors at baseline: CARDIA (n=2,577). No. of Ideal Health Factors at Baseline (% of population) 0-1 (1.2%) 2 (7.2%) 3 (19.6%) 4 (34.9%) 5 (29.2%) 6-7 (7.8%) p-trend DSST 70.0 (2.5) 65.7 (1.0) 68.7 (0.6) 69.4 (0.5) 70.0 (0.5) 69.9 (1.0) 0.003 Stroop Test 21.5 (1.6) 21.2 (0.6) 21.0 (0.3) 20.6 (0.3) 20.6 (0.3) 20.4 (0.5) 0.14 RAVLT 7.4 (0.6) 7.6 (0.2) 8.0 (0.1) 8.2 (0.1) 8.3 (0.1) 8.1 (0.2) 0.02 * Adjusted for age, sex, race, midlife educational attainment, and study center. DSST=Digit Symbol Substitution Test; RAVLT=Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test
Chemoradiosensitizing (CTRT) versus radiation therapy alone (XRT) after adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer women with 4 to 9 positive lymph nodes
Authors: F. Medina, I. Enriquez, A. Alvarado, C. Gamboa, F. Morales, N. Castañeda, J. W. Zinser
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

859 Background: Patients with breast cancer with 4 to 9 positive lymph nodes have a higher risk (20–30%) of locoregional failure which can be reduce with XRT. CTRT is actually a therapy that improves the results of XRT alone. Methods: Breast cancer women with 4 to 9 positive lymph nodes received anthracycline based adjuvant CT and then were randomized to XRT, median dose 50 Gy (45 –60) versus chemoradiosensitizing: weekly 5FU 500 mg IV, mitomycin 5 mg IV and dexamethasone 16 mg IV, throughout XRT, 50Gy (45–60). Locoregional and distant failure and toxicity were evaluated. Results: Between 01/96 to 01/2001. 59 patients were included with a median follow up: 51 months (7.2 –88.9). Axillary dissection: median 17 Lymph nodes. Conclusions: Concurrent chemoradiation is feasible with manageable toxicity and a favorable trend in distant recurrence compared to XRT but without a significant benefit in locoregional control. Longer follow up is necessary. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Feasibility of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy with Concurrent Chemotherapy for Metachronous Primary Lung Cancer
Authors: Jumpei Takeshita, Ryoji Kato, Akito Hata, Reiko Kaji, Katsuhiro Masago, Shiro Fujita, Takashi Shintani, Kenji Takayama, Masaki Kokubo, Nobuyuki Katakami
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Autoantigens as Partners in Initiation and Propagation of Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases
Authors: Antony Rosen, Livia Casciola-Rosen
Journal: Annual Review of Immunology (2016)

Systemic autoimmune diseases are characterized by specific targeting of a limited group of ubiquitously expressed autoantigens by the immune system. This review examines the mechanisms underlying their selection as immune targets. Initiation of autoimmune responses likely reflects the presentation of antigens with a distinct structure not previously encountered by the immune system, in a proimmune context (injury, malignancy, or infection). Causes of modified structure include somatic mutation and posttranslational modifications (including citrullination and proteolysis). Many autoantigens are components of multimolecular complexes, and some of the other components may provide adjuvant activity. Propagation of autoimmune responses appears to reflect a bidirectional interaction between the immune response and the target tissues in a mutually reinforcing cycle: Immune effector pathways generate additional autoantigen, which feeds further immune response. We propose that this resonance may be a critical principle underlying disease propagation, with specific autoantigens functioning as the hubs around which amplification occurs.
Breast Cancer Screening for High-Risk Women: Too Little, Too Late?
Authors: Katrina Armstrong, Barbara L. Weber
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2001)

Article Tools EDITORIAL Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2001.19.4.919 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 11181652 Breast Cancer Screening for High-Risk Women: Too Little, Too Late? Katrina ArmstrongxKatrina ArmstrongSearch for articles by this author , Barbara L. WeberxBarbara L. WeberSearch for articles by this author Show More Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2001.19.4.919 Full Text PDF Figures and Tables "Breast Cancer Screening for High-Risk Women: Too Little, Too Late?." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 19(4), pp. 919–920© 2001 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Book: Should Health Screening be Private?
Authors: J. Cairns
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Jim Thornton Institute of Economic Affairs, £5.60, pp 78 ISBN 0255364512 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img> The NHS should stop screening for breast and cervical cancer. Indeed, the NHS should offer screening only in very limited circumstances, such as for adults only when the screening is of undisputed cost effectiveness and these adults could not otherwise afford it. Jim Thornton reaches these controversial conclusions largely because of his belief that consumers are the only people able to judge whether the benefits of screening outweigh the potential side effects. One consequence … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif
Morbidity and Mortality of Laparoscopic Versus Open D2 Distal Gastrectomy for Advanced Gastric Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Yanfeng Hu, Changming Huang, Yihong Sun, Xiangqian Su, Hui Cao, Jiankun Hu, Yingwei Xue, Jian Suo, Kaixiong Tao, Xianli He, Hongbo Wei, Mingang Ying, Weiguo Hu, Xiaohui Du, Pingyan Chen, Hao Liu, Chaohui Zheng, Fenglin Liu, Jiang Yu, Ziyu Li, Gang Zhao, Xinzu Chen, Kuan Wang, Ping Li, Jiadi Xing, Guoxin Li
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

The safety and efficacy of radical laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (LG) with D2 lymphadenectomy for the treatment of advanced gastric cancer (AGC) remain controversial. We conducted a randomized controlled trial to compare laparoscopic and conventional open distal gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissections for AGC.Between September 2012 and December 2014, 1,056 patients with clinical stage T2-4aN0-3M0 gastric cancer were eligible for inclusion. They were randomly assigned to either the LG with D2 lymphadenectomy group (n = 528) or the open gastrectomy (OG) with D2 lymphadenectomy group (n = 528). Fifteen experienced surgeons from 14 institutions in China participated in the study. The morbidity and mortality within 30 days after surgery between the LG (n = 519) and the OG (n = 520) groups were compared on the basis of the modified intention-to-treat principle. Postoperative complications were stratified according to the Clavien-Dindo classification.The compliance rates of D2 lymphadenectomy were similar between the LG and OG groups (99.4% v 99.6%; P = .845). The postoperative morbidity was 15.2% in the LG group and 12.9% in OG group with no significant difference (difference, 2.3%; 95% CI, -1.9 to 6.6; P = .285). The mortality rate was 0.4% for the LG group and zero for the OG group (difference, 0.4%; 95% CI, -0.4 to 1.4; P = .249). The distribution of severity was similar between the two groups (P = .314).Experienced surgeons can safely perform LG with D2 lymphadenectomy for AGC.
A prospective evaluation of symptom change over 4 weeks for outpatients with common solid tumors: Results from E2Z02 (the SOAPP study).
Authors: M. Fisch, J. Lee, V. T. Chang, L. I. Wagner, D. Cella, L. M. Minasian, W. J. McCaskill-Stevens, M. Weiss, M. Smith, C. S. Cleeland
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

9120 Background: Best supportive care in oncology should improve the most important symptoms. Proportions of patients who improve or worsen with usual care for symptoms over a 4-week period is unknown. Methods: Patients with invasive cancer of the breast, prostate, colon/rectum, or lung were enrolled from multiple academic sites (n=6) and community sites (n=32). At baseline and 4-5 weeks later patients rated their symptoms on a 0-10 numerical rating scale (MDASI-ECOG). A 2-point change was considered clinically significant for improvement or worsening. A general linear model was used to examine the effects of demographic and clinical factors on symptom change. Results: 3,102 patients were analyzable. Fatigue, sleep disturbance, drowsiness, pain, and distress were most prevalent and the most responsive symptoms. There was improvement in 15-21% of patients for these symptoms, and worsening in 18-26%. Among the patients with at least moderate baseline symptom intensity (≥5), 43-56% improved and 9-13% worsened. Patients with poor performance status were more likely to report improved pain (PS 2-4 vs. PS 0, p=0.0051) and drowsiness (PS 2-4 vs. PS 0, p=0.0004; vs. PS 1, p=0.0105).Those with advanced disease were more likely to report improved sleep (p=0.0048). Patients with prior radiation and those from minority-based enrollment sites were more likely to report improved fatigue (p=0.0437, 0.0384, respectively), whereas those from academic centers were more likely to report improvement in distress (p=0.0268). Conclusions: In this national sample, outpatients with common solid tumors who were more ill and symptomatic were most likely to improve over a 4-5 week period. Further analyses of the symptom change variations will provide insight into the role of standard interventions and other factors. Symptom Overall number of pts Number of pts with mod/severe symptoms % Improved: all patients, mod/severe subset % Worse: all patients, mod/severe subset Fatigue 2,697 910 20, 43 26, 13 Sleep 2,746 718 21, 55 19, 9 Drowsy 2,761 612 19, 55 20, 10 Pain 2,759 516 15, 52 18, 10 Distress 2,761 515 17, 56 19, 11 No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Long term follow-up of primary B and T cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract
Authors: K. A. Cadoo, M. A. Lowery, J. Cumiskey, J. McCaffrey, D. N. Carney
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e19516 Background: Anthracycline based chemotherapy is the treatment of choice for aggressive primary lymphomas of the GI tract, with surgery reserved for management of complications. We report long term follow up of 71 cases of primary GI NHL treated with chemotherapy and/or surgery. Methods: Cases were identified from the institutional histology database &amp; records reviewed. Results: 71 patients over an 24 year period were identified; 43 (61%) male, 28 (39%) female. Median age at diagnosis was 60 (15–83). 52 (73%) were DLBCL, 11 (16%) were T-cell, 8 (11%) were MALT. The 8 patients with MALT were treated with single agent chemotherapy; 7 (88%) are alive at median follow up of 8.5 years (2–16). Of the aggressive lymphomas (63), all patients with T cell lymphoma had small bowel as primary site and histological evidence of celiac associated enteropathy, even in the absence of known celiac disease. Primary sites of DLBCL were stomach 35 (67%), small bowel 11 (21%) &amp; colon 6 (12%). 39 (62%) patients underwent surgery at diagnosis due to acute presentation with perforation, bleeding or obstruction, or to obtain histology. Following confirmed diagnosis, 61 patients received anthracycline based chemotherapy. 2 patients with T cell lymphoma presented with perforation, were treated with surgery only and died of rapid disease progression. Of the 63 patients with aggressive NHL, 37 (59%) remain alive &amp; disease free at median follow up of 13 years (1–24). 35 (67%) patients with DLBCL are alive &amp; disease free. Only 2 (18%) of the T cell lymphomas are alive &amp; disease free. 5 deaths in the DLBCL group were not related to cancer or treatment. All deaths in the T cell group were due to progressive disease. There was no difference in survival between patients treated with chemotherapy only and those who also underwent surgery. Conclusions: Patients with aggressive primary B cell GI NHL have almost 70 % survival following anthracycline based chemotherapy. However, in contrast, coeliac enteropathy associated T-cell lymphomas present with rapidly progressive disease &amp; have a survival of &lt; 20% with chemotherapy and/or surgery. A novel therapeutic approach is required to improve outcome in this group. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Probable Person-to-Person Transmission of Legionnaires’ Disease
Authors: Ana M Correia, Joana S Ferreira, Vítor Borges, Alexandra Nunes, Bernardo Gomes, Rui Capucho, Jorge Gonçalves, Delfina M Antunes, Sónia Almeida, Ana Mendes, Marta Guerreiro, Daniel A Sampaio, Luis Vieira, Jorge Machado, Maria J Simões, Paulo Gonçalves, João P Gomes
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

Legionella, an important cause of pneumonia, is acquired from environmental sources such as potable water. In this article, evidence of person-to-person spread of Legionnaires' disease is reported.
Combination of rituximab with dose-intensified CHOP (double-CHOP) followed by high-dose chemotherapy for high risk diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBL)
Authors: T. Yamazaki, U. Sawada, Y. Kura, T. Ito, Y. Hatta, J. Takeuchi, K. Takei, K. Uenogawa, M. Saiki
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

6684 Background: Rituximab increases response rates and duration of response when combined with CHOP chemotherapy in DLBL and has proved to be effective for in vivo purging. Based on these results, we performed a prospective trial of the combination with rituximab and double-CHOP (D-CHOP) followed by high-dose chemotherapy (HDC) for patients with high-risk DLBL. Methods: Previously untreated patients with DLBL according to WHO classification, high-intermediate (H-I) and high (H) risk according to International Prognostic Index (IPI) were enrolled in our study. Exclusion criteria included PS = 4, marked impairment of cardiac, renal or pulmonary function and age over 70 years. Patients were treated with a standard CHOP for induction, and a D-CHOP (cyclophosphamide (CY) 750 mg/m2, day 1 and 2; doxorubicin50 mg/m2, day 1 and 2; vincristine 1.4 mg/m2, day 1; prednisolone 50 mg/m2 day 1 through 5) was applied every 21 days for 3 cycles. Rituximab (375 mg/m2) was given 48 hours before each cycle of D-CHOP. All patients received filgrastim or lenograstim on day 6 through 18. After the third cycle of D-CHOP, cytapheresis was performed. Rituximab was given 24 hours before cytapheresis. For patients in whom sufficient CD34 cells were harvested, HDC consisted of CY 60 mg/kg, day1 and 2, etoposide 500 mg/m2 days 2–4, and MCNU 250 mg/m2, days 5 and 6 with autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) was applied for consolidation. If the number of stem cells was too small, high-dose methotrexate (8 g/m2 on day 1 with leucovorin rescue) was administered. Results: Seventeen patients (7 Males and 10 Females) were enrolled in the study. Median age was 53 (range 16–69) years. All patients achieved CR or good PR after 3 cycles of D-CHOP regimen. Fourteen patients received HDC and PBSCT. Three patients received HD-MTX. At a median follow-up period of 17 months, the estimated 2-year overall survival and event-free survival rate was 85.1% (95% CI 75.4, 94.8) and 77.2% (95% CI 65.2, 89.2), respectively. Conclusion: Combination of rituximab with D-CHOP followed by HDC appears effective for high risk DLBL. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Mitral Annular Dimensions and Geometry in Patients With Functional Mitral Regurgitation and Mitral Valve Prolapse
Authors: Christopher Naoum, Jonathon Leipsic, Anson Cheung, Jian Ye, Nicolas Bilbey, George Mak, Adam Berger, Danny Dvir, Chesnal Arepalli, Jasmine Grewal, David Muller, Darra Murphy, Cameron Hague, Nicolo Piazza, John Webb, Philipp Blanke
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2016)
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for operable breast carcinoma larger than 3 cm: A unicentre randomized trial with a 124-month median follow-up
Authors: L. Mauriac, G. MacGrogan, A. Avril, M. Durand, A. Floquet, M. Debled, J.M. Dilhuydy, F. Bonichon
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1999)
Abstract P394: The Ongoing Experience of Cardiovascular Risk Assessment Implementation in Primary Care of The Cuore Project
Authors: Luigi Palmieri, Rita Rielli, Chiara Donfrancesco, Patrizia De Sanctis Caiola, Francesco Dima, Cinzia Lo Noce, Ovidio Brignoli, Alfredo Cuffari, Luca De Mattè, Simona Giampaoli
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: The Italian National Prevention Plan 2005–2008 included a 10-year cardiovascular risk assessment (10-CR) for the general population aged 35–69 years using the CUORE-Project risk score. GPs were encouraged to collect data on risk factors, perform a 10-CR and send these data to the Cardiovascular Risk Observatory (CRO). Aim: The aim of this study is to show updated data of the ongoing surveillance system of the 10-CR in the Italian adult population, a first step to implement primary preventive actions at individual level. Methods: A training plan for GPs was launched by the Ministry of Health. Data were collected using the cuore.exe software, easily and freely downloadable by GPs from the CUORE-Project website ( www.cuore.iss.it ). The CRO provides a web-platform to analyze and compare data on 10-CR and risk factors at both regional and national level. In the subgroup of persons examined at least twice a year, variations in continuous risk factors mean levels and categorical risk factors prevalences between baseline and follow-up and their 95% confidence intervals (C.I.) were calculated using methods for matched pair samples. Results: By October 2011, more than 3,000 GPs downloaded cuore.exe ; 146,322 CR assessments on 137,773 persons were sent to CRO. CR mean was 3.0% in women, 8.4% in men; 30% of men and 65% of women were at lower risk (CR&lt;3%), 9.3% of men and 0.4% of women were at high risk (CR≥20%). Thirty-four percent of men and 19% of women were current smokers, 13% of men and 10% of women were diabetic, and 33% of hypertensive men and 35% of hypertensive women were under specific treatment. Among those with at least two risk assessments (n=8,495), 7% (95%–C.I. 6%–8%) shifted to a lower risk class after one year (9% of men and 5% of women respectively). Systolic blood pressure mean levels decreased by 1.3 mmHg (95%–C.I. 0.9–1.8 mmHg), diastolic blood pressure by 0.9 mmHg (95%–C.I. 0.5–1.3 mmHg), total cholesterol level by 5.7 mg/dl (95%–C.I. 4.4–6.9 mg/dl),6.6 mg/dl6 and smokers prevalence by 3.6% (95%–C.I. 2.6%–4.7%)6.6 mg/dl6; HDL-cholesterol increased in women by 0.8 mg/dl (95%–C.I. 0.4–1.2 mg/dl). Conclusions: Data demonstrate that 10-CR assessment can be an effective first step to implement preventive actions in primary care. The individual risk score is becoming a useful tool for GPs to assess their patients’ CR and promote primary prevention by focusing attention on the adoption of healthy lifestyles. These encouraging data can be used to support health policy decision processes.
Abstract 3015: Drug and Device Effects on Peak Oxygen Consumption as a Predictor of Therapeutic Effects on Mortality in Heart Failure Randomized Trials
Authors: Benjamin S Wessler, Daniel G Kramer, Thomas A Trikalinos, David M Kent, Marvin A Konstam, James E Udelson
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Introduction: Peak oxygen consumption (peak VO2) during stress testing is a predictor of mortality in patients with heart failure (HF) and reduced ejection fraction (EF). It is not known whether drug or device-induced changes in this measure predict the effect of such therapies on mortality.  Methods: PubMed was systematically reviewed for randomized, placebo-controlled trials (RCTs) of drug or device therapies for patients with HF and reduced EF. The dataset was limited to therapies that had mortality data in RCTs of >500 patients with >6 months of follow up. RCTs of the effect of those therapies on peak VO2 were then identified, and limited to RCTs of >4 weeks duration. The odds ratio for death in the mortality RCTs was correlated with the placebo-corrected change in peak VO2 for each intervention. Results: We identified mortality RCTs of 24 distinct therapies with a median follow-up of 13 months that directed the search for RCTs of the effect of those therapies on peak VO2. There were 35 peak VO2 trials (n=3,360 patients) involving 18 distinct drug/device therapies with a median follow-up of 24 weeks included. The odds ratio for mortality of the therapies was not correlated with the drug/device-induced placebo-corrected change in peak VO2 (Spearman’s rho=−0.06, p=0.75, Figure). Of the 22 peak VO2 trials that correspond to therapies with favorable effects on mortality, only 27% show a significant increase in peak VO2. Conclusion: Drug- or device-induced effect on peak VO2 does not predict therapeutic effects on mortality for patients with HF and reduced EF. While peak VO2 may objectively reflect functional capacity, it is not a surrogate for an intervention’s effect on long-term mortality.
Brief Communication: Oncogenesis by Marek's Disease Herpesvirus in Chickens Lacking Expression of Endogenous (gs, Chick Helper Factor, Rous-Associated Virus-O) and Exogenous Avian RNA Tumor Viruses
Authors: R.L. Witter, Lucy F. Lee, W. Okazaki, H. G. Purchase, B. R. Burmester, R. E. Luginbuhl
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

Chickens free of exogenous avian leukosis virus (ALV) infection, replicating endogenous ALV (Rous-associated virus-O), gs antigen, and chick helper factor were fully susceptible to induction of Marek's disease (MD) by ALV-free MD viruses. Dual infection with Rous-associated virus-2 and MD virus did not significantly alter the character of the MD lesions. Thus exogenous ALV infection was not requisite for MD virus-induced oncogenesis. Although participation of endogenous RNA tumor virus genes in MD lesion induction could not be excluded, expression of such genes in MD tumors as gs antigen was not established.