tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Is a diagnosis of invasive breast cancer an effective motivational factor for lifestyle change?
Authors: R. Ellsworth, N. J. Sann, L. Kvecher, D. L. Ellsworth, C. D. Shriver
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

9602 Background: While survival rates for patients diagnosed with invasive breast cancer have increased dramatically, survivors often face a host of adverse health effects. Factors such as obesity, physical activity and tobacco may contribute to decreased survival and quality of life. Here, we evaluated behavioral risk factors in patients with and without breast cancer to determine whether a diagnosis of invasive disease was sufficient motivation to modify lifestyle choices. Methods: The dataset included patients undergoing surgical procedures between 2001 and 2006 and diagnosed with malignant (n=299) or benign (n=130) breast disease and who had baseline and 1-year follow-up information available. Changes in BMI, fat intake, exercise frequency, alcohol and tobacco use, caffeine consumption and frequency of breast self exam (BSE) were assessed. Results: At baseline (diagnosis), significantly more (P&lt;0.005) invasive patients (70%) were menopausal compared to benign patients (48%), no other patient characteristics were significantly different between malignant and benign groups at baseline; a majority in both groups were overweight, non (current) smokers, and consumed high fat diets, ∼40% reported exercising &gt;3 times/week, &gt;60% had high (&gt;500 mg/day) levels of caffeine and consumed low (&lt;1 drink/month) levels of alcohol. The only modifiable behavior that showed a significant change (P&lt;0.05) between baseline and 1-year from diagnosis was compliance with recommended BSE frequency in invasive patients, improving from 61% of patients at baseline to 72% one year later; a concomitant change was not seen in benign patients. No other behaviors changed either from baseline to 1-year or between invasive and benign patients. Conclusions: The paucity of behavioral changes after a diagnosis of breast cancer suggests that a diagnosis of breast cancer is not sufficient motivation to promote healthier lifestyles. Our data suggest a need for increased health-related behavioral counseling and support systems to successfully modify personal behaviors. Development and implementation of lifestyle recommendations have the potential to improve the health and quality of life of breast cancer survivors. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 11563: Vasopeptidase Inhibitor, Omapatrilat, Enhances Cardiac Positive Inotropic and Lusitropic Responses to Dobutamine and Exercise in Heart Failure: Assessment by Pressure-Volume Analysis
Authors: Hiroshi Hasegawa, Heng-Jie Cheng, Atsushi Morimoto, William C Little, Che Ping Cheng
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Previous studies have suggested that both angiotensin II (ANGII) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) may alter cardiac adrenergic inotropic response in heart failure (HF). The increase in natriuret...
Abstract 13560: Prevalence and Temporal Trends of Antiarrhythmic Use among ICD Recipients: Findings from the NCDR
Authors: Sandesh Dev, Yongfei Wang, Paul D Varosy, Jeptha Curtis, Frederick A Masoudi
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction: Anti-arrhythmic drugs can affect ICD function; however, patterns of the use of antiarrhythmic drugs among patients with ICDs have not been clearly established. Methods: We studied patients enrolled in the ICD Registry TM between 2006 and 2011 undergoing first-time ICD placement (n=500,995). We analyzed use of antiarrhythmics by class prescribed at discharge after implantation. Results: 15% of the cohort received an antiarrhythmic. Compared with those not receiving an antiarrhythmic drug, patients receiving an antiarrhythmic were on average older (71 yr vs. 68, p<.01) and more likely to have a history of atrial fibrillation/flutter (58% vs. 27%, p<.01), ventricular tachycardia (53% vs. 30%), or syncope (23% vs. 18%, p<.01). Patients receiving antiarrhythmic drugs were more likely to receive an ICD for secondary prevention (33% vs. 15%, P<.01). Amiodarone was the most commonly used (82%) followed by sotalol (10%) and class I agents (3%). Between 2006 and 2011, there was a modest increase in an...
A real-world evaluation of the effectiveness of dalteparin in the prevention of recurrent venous thromboembolism compared to warfarin in patients with cancer.
Authors: W. R. Simons, Y. Choe, A. Powers, C. McQueen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

9115 Background: The Randomized Comparison of Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin versus Oral Anticoagulant Therapy for the Prevention of Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism in Patients with Cancer (CLOT) study demonstrated better efficacy of dalteparin, a low-molecular-weight- heparin (LMWH), compared to warfarin in prevention of recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) events in cancer patients. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effectiveness of dalteparin in real-world practice against warfarin as evaluated in the CLOT study. Methods: Commercial claims data from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2008 was used in this retrospective analysis. The study population was identified as follows: cancer patients (ICD-9-CM codes 140.xx–239.xx) with a diagnosis of VTE including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) (ICD-9- CM 451.xx–453.xx or 997.2x) and/or pulmonary embolism (PE) (ICD-9-CM 415.1x) and at least 18 months of continuous enrollment. An index VTE was identified as the earliest diagnosis, inpatient or outpatient, of VTE. Inpatient admissions with a primary or secondary diagnosis of VTE following the index event were recurrent events. Statistical comparisons were conducted to test for differences in event rates between dalteparin and warfarin. Results: Of the 27,245 patients identified with cancer and a diagnosis of DVT/PE, 9,820 (36.0%) were male and the mean age was 51.0±9.7 years. Of those, 253 patients were treated with dalteparin, 41.9% male (50.7±9.8 years) and 12,453 were treated with warfarin, 41.8% male (52.3±8.9 years). The recurrent VTE rate for the entire population was 5.63%. Patients treated with dalteparin had a recurrence rate of 2.77% compared to 6.26% for those treated with warfarin (P=0.0009). The relative risk reduction between the groups was 55.8%. The rate for major bleeding events for dalteparin was 4.74% compared to 8.26% for warfarin (P=0.0096). Conclusions: Dalteparin was associated with fewer recurrent VTE and major bleeding events in cancer patients in comparison to those treated with warfarin. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Eisai Eisai
Activation of Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Pathway Increases the Sensitivity of Cancer Cells to the Oncolytic Virus M1
Authors: Kai Li, Haipeng Zhang, Jianguang Qiu, Yuan Lin, Jiankai Liang, Xiao Xiao, Liwu Fu, Fang Wang, Jing Cai, Yaqian Tan, Wenbo Zhu, Wei Yin, Bingzheng Lu, Fan Xing, Lipeng Tang, Min Yan, Jialuo Mai, Yuan Li, Wenli Chen, Pengxin Qiu, Xingwen Su, Guangping Gao, Phillip W L Tai, Jun Hu, Guangmei Yan
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2015)

Oncolytic virotherapy is a novel and emerging treatment modality that uses replication-competent viruses to destroy cancer cells. Although diverse cancer cell types are sensitive to oncolytic viruses, one of the major challenges of oncolytic virotherapy is that the sensitivity to oncolysis ranges among different cancer cell types. Furthermore, the underlying mechanism of action is not fully understood. Here, we report that activation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling significantly sensitizes refractory cancer cells to alphavirus M1 in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo. We find that activation of the cAMP signaling pathway inhibits M1-induced expression of antiviral factors in refractory cancer cells, leading to prolonged and severe endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and cell apoptosis. We also demonstrate that M1-mediated oncolysis, which is enhanced by cAMP signaling, involves the factor, exchange protein directly activated by cAMP 1 (Epac1), but not the classical cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA). Taken together, cAMP/Epac1 signaling pathway activation inhibits antiviral factors and improves responsiveness of refractory cancer cells to M1-mediated virotherapy. Oncolytic virotherapy is a novel and emerging treatment modality that uses replication-competent viruses to destroy cancer cells. Although diverse cancer cell types are sensitive to oncolytic viruses, one of the major challenges of oncolytic virotherapy is that the sensitivity to oncolysis ranges among different cancer cell types. Furthermore, the underlying mechanism of action is not fully understood. Here, we report that activation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling significantly sensitizes refractory cancer cells to alphavirus M1 in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo. We find that activation of the cAMP signaling pathway inhibits M1-induced expression of antiviral factors in refractory cancer cells, leading to prolonged and severe endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and cell apoptosis. We also demonstrate that M1-mediated oncolysis, which is enhanced by cAMP signaling, involves the factor, exchange protein directly activated by cAMP 1 (Epac1), but not the classical cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA). Taken together, cAMP/Epac1 signaling pathway activation inhibits antiviral factors and improves responsiveness of refractory cancer cells to M1-mediated virotherapy.
Endoscopy-associated transmission of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae: return of 5 years’ experience
Authors: Laurent Dortet, Thierry Naas, Isabelle Boytchev, Nicolas Fortineau
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

See also: Withdrawal of a novel-design duodenoscope ends outbreak of a VIM-2-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosaEndoscopy 2015; 47(06): 493-502DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1391886
Simian Vacuolating Virus (SV40) infection in Cell Cultures Derived From Adult Human Thyroid Tissue
Authors: Alan S. Rabson, Richard A. Malmgren, Gregory T. O'Conor, Ruth L. Kirschstein
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1962)

Explants of adult human thyroid tissue infected in vitro with simian vacuolating virus (SV40) were grown in tissue culture, and a strain of rapidly multiplying pleomorphic cells was derived from the infected explants. Large amounts of virus were recovered from the cultures more than 4 months after they had been initiated, and intranuclear localization of SV40 in approximately 5 percent of the cells was demonstrated by electron microscopy and fluorescent-antibody techniques. Cells from infected cultures grew more rapidly in vitro than cells from cultures derived from noninfected explants of the same thyroid tissue; however, cells from both sources grew poorly when transplanted to the cheek pouches of Syrian hamsters. Limited growth of cells from infected cultures was observed in the brains of cortisone-treated African green monkeys after intracerebral injection of cell suspensions. No evidence of proliferation of cells from infected cultures was found in the brains of hamsters after intracerebral injection of cell suspensions on the day of birth. Three months after intracerebral injection of cells from infected cultures, however, 2 of 22 hamsters developed papillary ependymomas histologically identical with the tumors produced in hamsters by intracerebral inoculation of SV40 grown in kidney cell cultures from African green monkeys. This result indicates that SV40 can retain its oncogenic activity in hamsters even after passage in human cells in vitro.
Phase II study of intravenous vinorelbine plus hormone therapy in hormone-refractory prostate cancer
Authors: E. Silva, F. Silva
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

14601 Background: Vinorelbine (VRL) has been shown to be active in hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) in Phase II studies, alone or in combination. Its moderate toxicity profile is well tolerated in elderly patients. The purpose of this study was the investigation of the efficacy of vinorelbine and its toxicity. Methods: Patients with metastatic prostate cancer, progressive after hormonal therapy, receive intravenous VRL 30 mg/m 2 on days 1 and 8 every 3 weeks, and hydrocortisone 40 mg/day. Previous chemotherapy was allowed if stopped 6 months before. 44 received VRL according to the protocol. Inclusion criteria: hormone refractory prostate cancer patients PSA &gt;20; performance status WHO &lt; 2. The primary endpoint was prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels, pain, and WHO performance status. Their mean (range) age was 71 (45–80) years, their median prostate specific antigen (PSA) level was 286 (38–950) ng/ml, and the median Gleason score was 8 (7 to 9). 38 patients had had previous chemotherapy. Results: Among the 44 patients, 7 with less than 3 cycles were not evaluated. Patients received a mean (range) of 9 (3–44) cycles of therapy. 6 patients (14%) had not been dispensed prior chemotherapy and 38 (86%) had; 19 (43%) had 2 lines of chemotherapy and 19 (43%) had 1 line. The median follow-up was 13 months. There were no reported drug related Grade 3 toxicities. Only 2 patients required a blood transfusion. Tumour responses: 7 (16%); 17 (39%) PSA stable; 13 (29%) PSA progression, 7 not evaluated. Time of PSA response was 7 months; time to progression: 7 months. Conclusions: Vinorelbine (VRL) is a safe regimen in previous poly-chemotherapy treated hormone-refractory prostate cancer elderly patients and even with response and efficacy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Long-term treatment with infliximab in patients with sarcoidosis
Authors: Katrin Hostettler, Ueli Studler, Michael Tamm, Martin Brutsche
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background: Long-term benefit and safety of infliximab treatment in patients with chronic sarcoidosis remain unclear. We wanted to assess clinical benefit and safety of long-term infliximab treatment in patients with chronic steroid-resistant sarcoidosis.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of all patients with chronic steroid-resistant sarcoidosis who received infliximab between January 2003 and November 2010. Pulmonary function tests and index lesions before and after infliximab therapy were assessed.

Results: 28 patients received infliximab, 16 of them for more than 12 months. 5 (31%) of these 16 patients with long-term infliximab treatment had a predominantly pulmonary, and 11 (69%) a predominantly extrapulmonary disease. Mean duration of treatment was 29 months (range 12 - 62). 6/11 (55%) patients with mainly extrapulmonary sarcoidosis showed a complete remission of their index lesion, 4/11 (36%) had a partial remission, and 1/11 (9%) showed no response. 1/5 patient with predominantly pulmonary sarcoidosis showed a >10%-improvement of percentage predicted forced vital capacity (FVC,%P), 3/5 showed a 0-10%-improvement, and in 1 patient FVC,%P declined. Thus, overall 14/16 (88%) patients profited from long-term infliximab treatment. Suspected adverse effects which lead to a temporarily discontinuation of infliximab therapy were noticed in 1/16 (6%) patient.

Conclusions: This retrospective study indicates that long-term infliximab is very efficient and safe in patients with chronic steroid-resistant sarcoidosis when assessed with individualized treatment targets. Patients with predominantly extrapulmonary sarcoidosis seem to profit more than patients with predominantly pulmonary disease.
Clinical trial eligibility determination using an oncology electronic medical record system interfaced to a caBIG-certified trial database
Authors: J. W. Goldwein, M. Van Der Pas, L. Tis, R. Nickens, R. Comis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

6626 Background: One reason for the low numbers of patients entered on cancer clinical trials is the difficulty and inconvenience encountered in determining whether patients are eligible. The introduction of electronic medical record (EMR) systems in cancer facilities provides a means by which clinical parameters may be electronically collected and compared against clinical trial eligibility criteria, with the potential to facilitate eligibility determination. We hereby describe a widely utilized EMR system interfaced to a caBIG-certified searchable clinical trials database which facilitates eligibility determination. Materials and Methods: MOSAIQ is a widely utilized oncology- specific EMR system that is operational in radiation and medical oncology facilities world-wide. During the routine course of patient care, clinical trial eligibility parameters such as diagnosis, stage, age, and performance status are entered into defined data fields within the EMR. Trialcheck is an independently maintained caBIG bronze level certified database that lists thousands of clinical trials from Cooperative Groups, NCI/PDQ, the pharmaceutical industry and trials being conducted exclusively at particular oncology facilities. TrialCheck registrants can screen trials for patient eligibility as well as filter and track the status of trials that have been activated at their facility. In addition, a real-time, secure Internet interface between MOSAIQ and TrialCheck extracts eligibility parameters from a patient record, sends that information to TrialCheck, and returns a listing of matched clinical trials. Results: In a test screen of 4 MOSAIQ EMR patients against 257 TrialCheck clinical trials, the system matched a patient with Stage IV breast cancer to 7 available trials in less 2 seconds, a patient with Stage IIIB colon cancer to 3 trials in 5 seconds, a Stage IV prostate cancer to 5 trials in 4.4 seconds, and a patient with stage II esophageal cancer to 2 trials in 3.7 seconds. Conclusion: This product demonstrates a novel and innovative solution to one of the problems inherent in the clinical trial registration process in an efficient, reliable and secure manner. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
发热-关节肿痛-呼吸困难
Authors: 吴东, 方卫纲, 陈嘉林
Journal: BMJ (2010)

患者男性,54岁,因发热2年、关节肿痛8个月、呼吸困难3周入院.2年前患者无明显诱因出现发热,体温37.6～38.5℃,发热时间无规律,可自行退热.伴全身肌肉及关节游走性疼痛,无畏寒、寒战、盗汗、腹痛、腹泻.患者既往体健,为农村教师,有家畜接触史.居住在丘陵地带,灌木及树林较多.长期大量吸烟。
Metastatic spinal cord compression in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: M.-K. Kim, K.-H. Lee, M.-S. Hyun, S.-H. Bae, H.-M. Ryoo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

4240 Background: Metastatic spinal cord compression(MSCC) is infrequent neurologic complication of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). We analyzed the clinical characteristics, treatment outcome, favorable factors which affect survival and the result of radiation therapy. Methods: We analyzed 29 cases of metastatic spinal cord compression with hepatocellular carcinoma treated during the period from January 1996 to April 2004, retrospectively. Results: 26(90%) patients were male. 21(72%) patients had chronic hepatitis B and 5 patients(17%) had chronic hepatitis C. Age ranged between 34 to 74 (median 49years). Initial stage of HCC(AJCC 2002) was stage II in 2, stage III in 14 and stage IV in 13 patients. The median survival of MSCC was 3.5 months(2.48–4.45 months, 95% CI) irrespective of treatment. Pain was the most common manifestation and thoracic spine was involved most frequently. MSCC was the initial manifestation of HCC in 13(45%) patients.The median time interval between the diagnosis of HCC to development of MSCC was 1.1month. 25(86%)patients were treated with external beam RT and only one patient was treated with surgical decompression. 14 of patients ambulatory before RT, 11 remained ambulatory after treatment, whereas only 1 of 11 patients who were nonambulatory regained ambulatory status(p < 0.01). Initial performance status, ambulatory function after treatment, serum LDH and albumin level affected survival (p < 0.05). By multivariate analysis, serum LDH and albumin level was independent prognostic factor(p < 0.01). Conclusions: Prompt radiation therapy can preserve ambulatory function but cannot improve ambulatory function or the survival in patients with MSCC and HCC. The prognosis in patients with high serum LDH or low serum albumin level was worse. The treatment outcome of MSCC in patients with HCC was dismal. Prevention, screening and surveillance for HCC are an important focus and new treatement modalities are needed. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Prostate cancer clinical trials consortium: A multicenter mechanism for the rapid design, development, and implementation of early phase clinical trials
Authors: J. Vinson, P. Mathew, T. M. Beer, M. A. Carducci, W. Oh, E. Small, G. Wilding, C. Higano, M. Hussain, H. I. Scher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e16065 Background: Leading investigators in prostate cancer have hypothesized that clinical trials (CT) are optimally conducted as multicenter studies. To test this, the Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Consortium (PCCTC) was formed with support from the Prostate Cancer Foundation (PCF) and the Department of Defense Clinical Consortium Award (DOD). Since the PCCTC's inception in 2006, members have cooperatively designed, carried out, and evaluated phase 1 and 2 multicenter studies in prostate cancer. Methods: PCF and DOD awards support a consortium of 13 cancer research centers. Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center serves as the coordinating center and is charged with creating an infrastructure to conduct early phase, multicenter trials. Annually, each participating center is required to introduce at least one CT for consideration by the PCCTC and accrue at least 35 patients to PCCTC studies. Investigators meet face-to-face twice per year to discuss the PCCTC's progress, and hold monthly conference calls to discuss scientific objectives, trial design, and ongoing studies. Results: Since inception, the PCCTC has expanded from 8 to 13 leading research centers. Through September 2008, it has opened 47 trials and accrued 1,282 patients at member sites. Members utilize a CT management system for protocol tracking, electronic data capture, and data storage. A legal framework has been instituted, and standard operating procedures, administrative structure, editorial support, centralized budgeting, and mechanisms for scientific review have been established. Each year, the number of trials presented and patients accrued increases, and three concepts have progressed to the next phase of clinical testing. Conclusions: The PCCTC fulfills a congressional directive to create a CT instrument dedicated to rapid accrual to early-phase, multicenter studies in prostate cancer. The member institutions have built a shared administrative, informatics, legal, financial, statistical, and scientific infrastructure to support this endeavor. As the PCCTC has expanded and taken an increasingly active role in designing and evaluating protocols, clinical trials continue to open and accrue in excess of federally mandated goals. No significant financial relationships to disclose.