tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prospective phase II study of tumor response assessment by CT and FDG-PET/CT following 8 weekly doses of cetuximab in patients with metastatic/recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).
Authors: J. Ley, B. A. Siegel, F. Dehdashti, J. Subramanian, G. Ansstas, T. Rachocki, J. Mathai, T. M. Wildes, D. I. Kuperman, D. Adkins
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

5569 Background: The likelihood of tumor response (CR/PR) to cetuximab is 13% as assessed by CT with IV contrast in patients with incurable HNSCC; however, stable disease occurred in an additional 33% (Vermorken JCO, 2007). Tumor response to cetuximab has not been formally assessed by FDG-PET/CT, nor have FDG-PET/CT results been correlated with CT results. Methods: A key objective of this trial was to determine the metabolic response (MR) of the tumor to cetuximab as assessed by FDG-PET/CT performed at baseline and then after 8 weekly doses of cetuximab (400mg/m2 loading dose, 250 mg/m2 weekly doses). A secondary objective was to correlate the MR as assessed by FDG-PET/CT with the anatomic tumor response as assessed by CT (RECIST). Standard criteria were used to determine MR by FDG-PET/CT (complete MR [CMR]=complete resolution; partial MR [PMR]=20% or more decrease in SUVmax; progressive metabolic disease [PMD]=new lesions, 20% or more increase in SUVmax, or increased SUV of non-target lesions; stable MD [SMD]=other). Results: To date, 24 patients were enrolled of whom 14 were evaluable for the objectives and 8 were non-evaluable because of early progressive disease (5), infection, respiratory failure, and allergic reaction to cetuximab. An additional two patients have been enrolled, but have not yet reached the 8 week timepoint. Tumor responses as assessed by FDG-PET/CT and CT are shown in the table. Of the 14 evaluable patients who received the first 8 weekly doses of cetuximab, 8 (57%) had favorable tumor MR (PMR-4 and SMD-4) and 6 (43%) had unfavorable tumor MR; whereas, all had favorable tumor anatomic response (SD-13 and PR-1). Discordance in FDG-PET/CT and CT results occurred in 6 of 14 patients (43%). Conclusions: The early results of this trial suggest a poor correlation of tumor response assessment by CT and FDG-PET/CT imaging in patients with incurable HNSCC treated with cetuximab. Evaluable patient No. PET CT MR RECIST * Target lesions 1 PMD SD 14% ↓ 2 PMD SD 8% ↑ 3 PMD SD 11% ↓ 8 PMD SD 11% ↓ 20 PMD SD 26% ↓ 21 PMD SD 17% ↓ 5 SMD SD 7% ↑ 10 SMD SD 2% ↓ 12 SMD SD 25% ↓ 22 SMD SD 5% ↑ 15 PMR SD 25% ↓ 16 PMR SD 2% ↑ 18 PMR SD 20% ↓ 19 PMR Partial response 36% ↓
Abstract 19601: Differential Patient Perceptions of Limitations to Quality of Life in a Large Ambulatory Heart Failure Population
Authors: Emer Joyce, Sabrina Badloe, Lynne W Stevenson, Akshay Desai, Christine Chung, Michelle Young, Joanne Weintraub, Michael Givertz, Eldrin F Lewis
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Clinical assessment of quality of life (QOL) is being increasingly adopted in the ambulatory management of heart failure (HF). Little is known about the impact of other conditions on QOL in clinical practice. Methods: Patients routinely presenting to the HF clinic completed a self-administered 1-page questionnaire prior to the visit that assessed QOL, functional status, and degree to which their HF, as well as other conditions, affected their QOL. Visual analog scales (VAS) were used to assess a) overall QOL, b) ease of breathing, and c) energy &gt; fatigue. Scores ranged from 0 to 100 (higher scores representing better health status). Patients were asked if their QOL was affected more, equally, or less by their HF compared to other medical conditions. Data was analyzed with Pearson’s correlation coefficients, ANOVA and Chi-square tests. Results: A total of 1069 patients completed baseline QOL (mean age 57±16 years, 56% left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] ≥40%, 41% female). Mean QOL score was 63±28. Only 48% of patients felt that HF affected their QOL most while 20% felt HF was equal to other illnesses, 18% cited other medical problems and 14% non-medical problems as most important for their QOL. Patients reporting HF as the primary factor influencing QOL had significantly lower scores on all 3 VAS measures, the highest proportion of patients with low LVEF and the strongest correlation between QOL and VAS Breathing (R=0.68) (Table). Conclusions: Patients describing HF as their major limitation had the lowest QOL score and were most affected by dyspnea and fatigue. However, over half of ambulatory HF patients rate other medical and/or non-medical factors as equal or greater limitations to their QOL, suggesting this important clinical outcome will be difficult to impact by therapies targeted at HF alone, particularly in those with LVEF ≥40%.
Role of Sun Exposure in the Etiology of Malignant Melanoma: Epidemiologic Inference2
Authors: Moshe Movshovitz, Baruch Modan
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

Journal Article Role of Sun Exposure in the Etiology of Malignant Melanoma: Epidemiologic Inference Get access Moshe Movshovitz, M.D., Moshe Movshovitz, M.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Baruch Modan, M.D. Baruch Modan, M.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 51, Issue 3, September 1973, Pages 777–779, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/51.3.777 Published: 01 September 1973 Article history Received: 17 January 1973 Accepted: 21 May 1973 Published: 01 September 1973
The involucrin gene of the gibbon: the middle region shared by the hominoids.
Authors: P Djian, H Green
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1990)

The evolution of the anthropoid involucrin gene has resulted largely from a process of vectorial addition of short tandem repeats. The coding region of the involucrin gene of the gibbon (Hylobates lar), including the segment of repeats, has been cloned and sequenced, and its repeat structure can now be compared with that of the other hominoids. In the gibbon, as in the others, repeat additions in the past can be assigned to early, middle, and late regions of the present-day segment of repeats. All 10 repeats of the gibbon early region were completed in a common anthropoid ancestor. All 17 repeats of the gibbon middle region were completed in a common hominoid ancestor. After divergence of the gibbon lineage, eight repeats were added to the middle region of the great ape-human lineages. Seven of these are shared by two to four species, according to the order of their divergences from each other. After its divergence, the gibbon lineage added a short species-specific late region. The gibbon also possesses an incomplete repeat just 3' of the early region, the only addition in this region in any hominoid. Comparison of the number of repeats added with the number of nucleotides substituted shows an inconstant relation between the two.
Impact of Hispanic ethnicity on the clinical presentation and survival of esophageal and gastric cancer in south Florida.
Authors: Sofia Palacio, Daniel A. Sussman, Bach Ardalan, Caio Max S. Rocha Lima, Peter Joel Hosein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

125 Background: Race and ethnicity are associated with differences in survival among patients with esophageal and gastric cancer (EGC); outcomes are better in Asian patients but worse for African-Americans compared to Caucasians and Asians. Limited data exist for Hispanics (Hisp) compared to non-Hispanic whites (NHW) or African-Americans (AA). Because of the large Hisp population in South Florida, we compared the clinical presentation and survival of patients with EGC by race and ethnicity. Methods: Using a cross-sectional study design, this IRB-approved analysis of the Florida Cancer Data System database identified all patients diagnosed at the University of Miami and Jackson Memorial Hospital between January 2000 and December 2012 with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) or adenocarcinoma (AC) of the esophagus, and adenocarcinomas of the gastro-esophageal junction (GEJ) or stomach (STO). Demographic, treatment and survival data were extracted from the registry. Survival was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and variables associated with survival were analyzed using a Cox proportional hazards model. Results: Data from 2,170 patients were available; 44% were Hisp, 19% AA and 38% NHW. Compared to NHW's and AA's, Hisp's were more likely to have the following features: male gender, advanced age at cancer diagnosis, esophageal site of malignancy, adenocarcinoma histology, earlier stage at presentation, history of smoking and alcohol use, private insurance, surgical resection and receipt of chemotherapy (p &lt; 0.001 in each case). Hisp were less likely to have STO (p&lt;0.001). In a multivariate model, race and ethnicity were not independently associated with survival but age, stage, surgical resection and chemotherapy administration were all independently associated with survival (p &lt; 0.01 in each case). Country of birth did not influence results among Hispanic patients. Conclusions: Race and ethnicity were not independently associated with survival in this large registry study. However, significant differences in the tumor location, histology and stage of presentation exist, and further studies to elucidate the biological or environmental reasons for these disparities are warranted.
Imaging and therapy for Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric cancer
Authors: D. Fu, J. Chong, C. Foss, J. Fox, S. Wang, G. Green, J. Chen, M. V. Lemas, M. Pomper, R. Ambinder
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

4644 Background: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been identified in a wide variety of malignancies, including gastric carcinomas. The virus encodes kinases that phosphorylate nucleoside analogs such as 2’-deoxy-2’-fluoro-5-iodo-1-beta-D- arabinofuranosyluracil (FIAU). We hypothesized that it might be possible to use the viral enzyme to specifically concentrate [ 125 I]FIAU or [ 131 I] FIAU in tumor cells harboring virus and thus deliver imaging and therapeutic radiation. Bortezomib is a potent stimulator of viral kinase expression in EBV tumor cell lines. Methods: We imaged lytic induction in vivo and evaluated the effect of [ 131 I] FIAU on human cancer xenografts in SCID mice. These include a tumor line engineered to constitutively express the EBV thymide kinase (EBVTK), and a control engineered with a sham vector (SHAM), as well one EBV-associated human gastric tumor (KT tumor). Mice were treated with buffer, bortezomib (2μg/g), or radiolabeled FIAU or radiolabeled FIAU and bortezomib in combination. For imaging, mice, [ 125 I]-FIAU and SPECT/CT were used. For therapy, 131 I-FIAU was used and tumor dimensions were monitored with calipers. Results: SPECT/CT imaging with [ 125 I]-FIAU of tumor-bearing SCID mice showed selective concentration of radiotracer in tumor tissue in EBVTK (3/3) and in EBV-associated KT tumors (3/3) when animals were pretreated with bortezomib. Treatment with buffer had no effect on 3 EBVTK tumors and 3 SHAM tumors all of which increased in volume. Treatment with 1.6 mCi of [ 131 I]-FIAU alone led to tumor response in 3/3 mice with EBVTK tumors and 0/3 mice with SHAM tumors. Treatment with [ 131 I]-FIAU alone had no effect on EBV KT tumor xenografts (0/3) and all tumors increased in volume. Treatment with bortezomib induced modest responses in all KT tumors. However, treatment with bortezomib and [ 131 I]-FIAU led to marked tumor regression (&gt;80%) in EBV-associated KT tumors (3/3). Conclusions: Treatment with bortezomib leads to selective concentration of radiolabeled FIAU in the EBV-associated tumor xenografts. In combination with [ 131 I]-FIAU it leads to tumor regression. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Hepatocarcinogenicity of Estragole (1-Allyl-4-methoxybenzene) and 1′-Hydroxyestragole in the Mouse and Mutagenicity of 1′-Acetoxyestragole in Bacteria 2
Authors: Norman R. Drinkwater, Elizabeth C. Miller, James A. Miller, Henry C. Pitot
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

Approximately 20% of a dose of estragole, a naturally occurring flavoring agent, was excreted in the urine of outbred male CD -1 mice as a conjuage (presumably the glucuronide) of 1'-hydroxyestragole, Estragole and its 1'-hydroxy metabolite caused significant increases in the incidences of hepatocellular carcinomas in male CD-1 mice that received the compounds by sc injection at 1-22 days of age. Estragole induced hepatocellular carcinomas by 15 months in 23 and 39% of the mice that received total doses of 4.4 and 5.2 mumoles, respectively, and lived to an age of 12 months or more. Of the 12-month survivors given a total dose of 4.4 mumoles of 1'-hydroxyestragole, 70% developed hepatocellular carcinomas; the incidence in mice that received only the vehicle (trioctanoin) was 12%. Multiple tumors ocurred in 5, 28, 64, and 0%, respectively, of the mice in each of these 4 groups. Of the mice given a total dose of 4.4 mumoles of 1'-hydroxysafrole, 59developed hepatocellular carcinomas; 39% of the mice bore multiple liver tumors. As previsously demonstrated for 1'-acetoxysafrole, 1'-acetoxyestragole and 1'-acetoxy-1-allyl-4-methoxynaphthalene reacted nonenzymatically with guanosine and inosine to form adducts. These electrophilic esters were strongly mutagenic for the Salmonella typhimurium missense mutant TA100. 1'-Acetoxyallybenzene had little or no activity in either of these tests. Attempts to demonstrate liver-mediated mutagenicty for 1'-hydroxysafrole and 1'-hydroxyestragole in the bacterial test system were unsuccessful.
Prognostic evaluation in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)
Authors: Oxana Munteanu, Victor Botnaru, Dumitru Chesov
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

The clinical course of patients with IPF is variable and can display long periods of stability, a steady gradual decline or periods of acute deterioration.

The aim of the study was to identifying factors that can help refine the prognosis for patients at the time of initial diagnosis.

Methods: Thirty-five patients with IPF according to the ATS/ERS criteria underwent spirometry, O2 saturation, 6-min walking distance (6-MWD) and radiographic evaluation of fibrosis (HRCT score). The independent contributors of dependend variables were selected by using stepwise multiple regression analysis. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to produce estimates and plots for the patient cohort. Survival time was calculated as the number of months from the patients' initial visits until their death or time of censoring. Patients were censored if they: were still alive at the last contact.

Results: From 35 consecutive patients with IPF (18 men and 17 women, mean age 53.5±13.2 yrs) 12 patients (34.3%) died during the study despite standard treatment. The mean survival was 11.7±12.6 months. The subgroup of patients with IPF with resting O2 saturation ≤88%, FVC ≤50%, 6-MWD ≤350 m, fibrosis score ≥10 has a bad prognosis and high death rate.

Conclusions: IPF prognostic markers allow identifying subgroups with different clinical evolution, providing prognostic information to patients and to improve the selection of the most appropriate patients for novel therapeutic interventions.
Cardiac Variables in Professional Basketball Players
Authors: Aaron L. Baggish
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2016)

area of active investigation for 2 basic reasons. First, the study of EICR continues to refine our understandings of adaptive human biology and the role of the cardiovascular system in human performance. Second, EICR provides critical data for the effective clinical management of athletes and highly active individuals. Differentiating EICR from the diseases associated with the risk for adverse events during athletic participation is among the most challenging and important tasks for the sports cardiologist. At the most basic level, differentiating adaptive physiologic development from occult pathologic change requires a comprehensive understanding of
A retrospective study comparing chemoradiotherapy (CHE), radical radiotherapy (RAD) and surgery plus postop radiotherapy (SUR) in advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: A. Fortin, R. Caouette, T. T. Vu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

5557 Background: Before 1997, our patients were treated with either RAD or SUR. However, since 1997, these patients are treated with either CHE or SUR. The aim of this study is to compare the results of these three modalities. Methods: All patients with stage III and IV (except T1N1 or T2N1) treated between 1989–2002 were included in the study. Patients had ≥ 60 Gy with RAD and CHE or ≥50Gy with SUR. Concomitant chemotherapy was cisplatin (DDP) 100 mg/m2 for 3 cycles. Patients in poor medical condition (39 patients) received DDP 40 mg/ m2 weekly during radiotherapy. For patients treated by RAD or CHE, neck dissection was performed if there was residual disease. Median follow-up was 20, 24 and 29 months for patients treated with CHE, SUR and RAD. Results: 488 patients received RAD (92 with brachytherapy), 342 had SUR and 189 received CHE. Three-year local control was 84%, 77% and 46% for patients treated by CHE, SUR and RAD, respectively (p<0.0001). More specifically, local control was 86% and 82% for patients with T3 (85 patients) and T4 (70 patients) treated by CHE. For node positive patients, neck control was significantly better for patients treated by CHE. It was 91%, 78% and 78% for CHE, SUR and RAD, respectively. Three-year survival was the same for CHE(64%) and SUR(57%) and was significantly superior(p<0.00001) to patients treated by RAD(36%). A Cox model was performed. T stage, site of disease and age were associated with local failure. Compared to RAD, patients treated with SUR and CHE had an hazard ratio(HR) of 0.3 (p<0.00001) and a HR of 0.2(p<0.00001) for local failure. Neck failure was associated with stage T and N. Compared to RAD, patients treated with SUR had a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.9 (p=0.9) for neck failure and patients treated with CHE, a HR of 0.3(p<0.0004). Absolute survival was also better with SUR ( HR=1.25, p=0.01) or CHE (HR=2.1. p=0.000005) compared to RAD. Conclusions: In our study, CHE is superior to RAD and probably superior to SUR (at least for neck control). Quality of life issues need to be addressed to determine the best approach. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A clinical approach to diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis
Authors: Francesc Graus, Maarten J Titulaer, Ramani Balu, Susanne Benseler, Christian G Bien, Tania Cellucci, Irene Cortese, Russell C Dale, Jeffrey M Gelfand, Michael Geschwind, Carol A Glaser, Jerome Honnorat, Romana Höftberger, Takahiro Iizuka, Sarosh R Irani, Eric Lancaster, Frank Leypoldt, Harald Prüss, Alexander Rae-Grant, Markus Reindl, Myrna R Rosenfeld, Kevin Rostásy, Albert Saiz, Arun Venkatesan, Angela Vincent, Klaus-Peter Wandinger, Patrick Waters, Josep Dalmau
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2016)
Serum glycan analysis in metastatic breast cancer
Authors: H. K. Chew, S. Miyamoto, H. An, D. Rocke, C. Lebrilla
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

11504 Background: There is a need for a reliable breast cancer biomarker that can predict a patient’s response to therapy. Serum glycans, or oligosaccharides, are of particular interest as over half of all proteins are glycosylated and alterations in glycosylation influence growth, adhesion, metastasis and immune surveillance of tumor, among other important functions. Serum glycans can be analyzed by high resolution mass spectrometry. Methods: Sera from patients with known metastatic breast cancer and age-matched healthy controls without medical problems were prospectively analyzed by mass spectroscopy. Women over the age of 18, who were not pregnant or breastfeeding, and who were without other active cancers were eligible. Samples were de-identified for laboratory personnel who analyzed sera by matrix-assisted laser desoprtion/ionization (MALDI) and Fourier transform ion-cyclotron resonance mass sepctrometry (FT ICR MS). Glycans were also profiled by chromatographic separation using a microchip nanoLC (Agilent) with a time-of-flight (TOF) mass analyzers. Results: Sera from 25 patients with metastatic breast cancer and 25 controls were evaluated. The mass profiles were obtained corresponding to both N-linked oligosaccharides (N-glycans) and O-linked oligosaccharides (O-glycans). Distinct variations in glycosylation were observed among sera analyzed from patients with metastatic breast cancer compared to controls. Specific glycan masses were analyzed and found to correspond to N-glycans. The chromatographic glycan profile showed individual glycans that were distinct for the cancer patients. Conclusions: Analysis of serum gylcans by mass spectrometry represents a new paradigm of cancer biomarker studies, focusing on post-translational modifications of proteins, rather than protein expression. Further refinement of this technology may be clinically useful in monitoring response to therapy in metastatic breast cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Granisetron plus alprazolam versus granisetron alone in the control of emesis in patients with operable breast cancer receiving anthracycline containing chemotherapy: A phase III trial
Authors: H. Abali, B. Oyan, Y. Ozisik, N. Guler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

8081 Background: Even with optimal antiemetic treatment, about only 20% of patients are completely free from nausea and vomiting (NV). Benzodiazepines have been previously shown to be useful in the prophylaxis of NV. Alprazolam, a newer benzodiazepine, has antidepressant effect and may be useful in NV control. Methods: Nineteen operable breast cancer patients were included in this randomized prospective crossover open label trial. All of them received 4–6 cycles of single day anthracycline containing chemotherapy. Patients received either granisetron (G) alone 3 mg intravenously 15 minute before chemotherapy and then 2×1 mg per os for 5 days, or in combination with alprazolam (A) 0.5 mg per os starting a night and 15 minutes before chemotherapy and continued 2×0.5 mg per os for 5 days. Group A patients received G+A first and then crossed over G alone after the 2nd or 3rd cycle. Group B patients received the reverse order. Eithy four cycles were evaluated. Results: In Group A, Complete Remission (CR) plus Major Response (MR) rate was higher significantly (93.9%) with G+A than G alone (83.3%) (p=.0001) in the first 24 hour period. In Group B, CR plus MR ratio in G+A cycles (100%) was significantly higher than (85.7%) in G alone cycles (p=0.035) in 24 hour period and in 25–129 hour period (92% v.s. 90.5%, p=0.022). When the data were analyzed independently, CR plus MR ratio was signficantly better in G+A cycles (97%) than in G alone (79%) in 24 hour period (p=0.044). Conclusions: Alprazolam increases the efficacy of granisetron in patients with breast cancer who received anthracycline containing regimen. No significant financial relationships to disclose.