tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract MP081: Association between Sleep Characteristics and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in a Population Sample: Chicago Area Sleep Study
Authors: Mercedes Carnethon, Kristen L Knutson, Peter J de Chavez, Kwang-Youn Kim, Jason Ng, Kiang Liu, Jeffrey J Goldberger, Phyllis Zee
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction: Shortened sleep duration and poor quality sleep are each associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors (e.g., hypertension, obesity, diabetes) in prior cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. However, prior studies have often relied on self-reports of sleep duration, which commonly overestimate actual sleep time. Despite known associations of sleep disordered breathing (e.g., obstructive sleep apnea [OSA]) with CVD, prior studies have not excluded people with sleep disorders before testing these associations. Objective: We tested whether sleep duration and quality, measured objectively using wrist actigraphy, was associated with fasting glucose, blood pressure, and anthropometric characteristics in adults without a history of OSA and with apnea hypopnea index (AHI)&lt;15 based on one night using in-home apnea detection equipment. Methods: The Chicago Area Sleep Study (CASS) recruited 531 participants (56% female) ages 35-64 years (mean= 47.5) via commercially available telephone listings. Participants underwent 1 night of screening using in-home apnea detection equipment (ApneaLink TM ) and 411 had AHI&lt;15. Participants wore wrist actigraphs for 7 days (Actiwatch TM ) to determine sleep duration, sleep % (% of time during the sleep interval spent sleeping), and minutes of wake after sleep onset (WASO). The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) was used to determine daytime sleepiness. Height, weight and waist circumference were measured, hypertension and diabetes were determined according to JNC-VII and American Diabetes Association 2010 criteria, respectively. Results: On average, participants slept for 7 hours (SD=1.2), sleep percentage was 83.2% (SD=20.1), WASO was 41.2 min (SD=21), the ESS score was 6.8 (SD=4.1) and 44% of the sample slept for &lt;7 hours/night. SBP and DBP were 114.5 (SD=13.6) and 70.9 mmHg (SD=9.8), respectively, fasting blood glucose was 92.5 mg/dL (SD=19.6), BMI was 26.2 kg/m 2 (SD=4.5) and waist circumference was 87.4 cm (SD=12.7). The prevalence of obesity (BMI&gt;30), hypertension and diabetes was 21%, 14% and 6.1%, respectively. Sleep duration was the only measure to demonstrate statistically significant (p&lt;0.05) associations with metabolic markers, namely inverse associations with SBP, DBP, BMI, waist circumference and the odds of obesity. Following adjustment for age, race, sex, education, physical activity, depressive symptoms, alcohol intake, smoking and sugared beverage intake, sleep duration (&lt;7 hrs. vs. &gt;7hrs) only remained significantly associated with BMI (β= -1.1 kg/m2, SE=0.42) and waist circumference (β= -3.8 cm, SE=1.2). Conclusions: Sleep duration is associated with CVD risk factors in adults with a low likelihood of OSA. The presence of other adverse health behaviors accounts for much of the observed association.
Radiation Therapy and High-Dose Tamoxifen in the Treatment of Patients With Diffuse Brainstem Gliomas: Results of a Brazilian Cooperative Study
Authors: Alberto Broniscer, Cláudia da Costa Leite, Vera L. Lanchote, Telma M. S. Machado, Lilian M. Cristófani
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2000)

The efficacy of radiation therapy (RT) combined with tamoxifen (TX) was tested in patients diagnosed with diffuse brainstem gliomas in a multicenter trial.TX was administered orally (maintenance dose: 200 mg/m(2) per day) along with conventional local RT and then continued for 52 additional weeks. Survival, tumoral radiologic response, and toxicity were evaluated. Compliance was assessed using pharmacokinetic measurements.Of 29 patients, 27 completed RT (median dose, 54 Gy). Of 22 assessable patients, 11 (50%) had an objective radiologic response. The mean TX steady-state serum level was 2.44 micromol/L +/- 1.02 micromol/L. Only three patients completed the entire course of treatment without tumoral progression or significant toxicity. Common side effects included nausea and vomiting. Hepatotoxicity (five patients), neurotoxicity (two patients), venous thrombosis (one patient), bilateral ovarian cysts (two patients), and transient neutropenia (one patient) were also observed. Median survival was 10.3 months. Only four patients remain alive without tumoral progression. The 1-year survival rate (mean +/- SD) was 37.0% +/- 9.5%.This treatment combination produced no significant change in the overall poor prognosis of these patients. Most tumors responded initially to treatment but recurred as the study progressed. A minority of patients seemed to benefit from the extended use of TX. Generally, treatment was well tolerated, with good patient compliance, but we recommend continuous close monitoring for side effects. Based on our poor results, we recommend that alternative treatments be tested in patients with this type of tumor.
Follow-up of Intensive Glucose Control in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Søren S Lund, Peter Rossing, Allan A Vaag
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

To the Editor: The United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) reported by Holman et al. (Oct. 9 issue)1 shows the legacy effect of intensive glucose control (in the metformin group as well as in the group that received either sulfonylurea or insulin) on clinical outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. The UKPDS has influenced international treatment guidelines2 leading to the recommendation of metformin as the initial pharmacologic therapy in all patients with type 2 diabetes. The original UKPDS trial compared outcome data in patients who received metformin versus conventional therapy (dietary restriction) or intensive therapy (either sulfonylurea or insulin therapy).3 However, comparisons between the metformin group and the sulfonylurea or insulin group separately have not been reported. The recent 10-year follow-up of the UKPDS survivor cohort suggests that metformin, sulfonylurea, and insulin are potentially equivalent candidates for initial glucose-lowering therapy. To guide such treatment choices, we hope that the UKPDS will report separate between-group comparisons within the intensive-therapy group (i.e., metformin vs. sulfonylurea, metformin vs. insulin, and insulin vs. sulfonylurea) in the original 1997 study and the recent 2007 follow-up. Soren S. Lund, M.D. Peter Rossing, M.D., D.M.Sc. Allan A. Vaag, M.D., Ph.D.
Abstract LB-287: iKnife in neurosurgery: intraoperative real-time, in vivo biochemical characterization of brain tumors with high spatial resolution
Authors: Babar Vaqas, Julia Balog, Federico Roncaroli, Zoltan Takats, Kevin O'Neill
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract The purpose of this study was to prove that rapid intraoperative tissue identification of brain tumours using Rapid Evaporative Ionization Mass Spectrometry (REIMS, used surgically as the iKnife) with high spatial resolution is possible in order to help establish a tissue diagnosis and to maximise the extent of tumour resection. A single centre prospective observational study was designed involving a consecutive series of patients undergoing craniotomy and resection of WHO grade II, III and IV tumours. A neuronavigation system was used to register iKnife readings for the first time during surgery for brain tumour resection. Precise intraoperative readings from different tumour zones were taken and compared to matched core biopsy samples verified by routine histopathology. This protocol worked well, allowing in-vivo mass spectrometry readings to be taken with accurate histology. Analysis of data from the first 6 cases shows distinct phospholipid spectral patterns for Grade II and IV tumours. An increased intensity of sulfatides were observed in the white matter of the grade II tumours. Our neuronavigational platform for the iKnife has revealed unique in-vivo spectra for different intrinsic brain tumours. As more cases are added to our spectral database we hope to describe in-vivo intra-tumoural variations which may shed important light into intrinsic brain tumour biology. Citation Format: Babar Vaqas, Julia Balog, Federico Roncaroli, Zoltan Takats, Kevin O'Neill. iKnife in neurosurgery: intraoperative real-time, in vivo biochemical characterization of brain tumors with high spatial resolution. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-287. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-LB-287
Combination chemotherapy with docetaxel and gemcitabine in anthracycline pretreated patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC)
Authors: P. H. T. H. J. Slee, P. C. Jong, R. S. Jong, A. H. Honkoop, J. L. L. M. Coenen, C. J. Rodenburg, S. J. Eelkman Rooda, J. Douma
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

728 Background: There is a need for more effective 2nd line treatment options for MBC. Both docetaxel (D) and gemcitabine (G) have shown efficacy in MBC as single agents and the combination of D and G shows synergy. Combination chemotherapy, even in 2nd line, may have advantages over single agent therapy. Methods: This multicenter phase II study evaluated the efficacy and safety of D and G in patients with anthracycline pretreated MBC. Eligibility criteria included measurable disease, adequate performance status and organ- and hematological functions. Patients received i.v. G 1000 mg/m2 d1 and d8 and on day 8 immediately followed by D 75 mg/m2 every 3 weeks for 6 cycles up to a maximum of 9 cycles. Premedication for D with oral dexamethason was given. Response evaluation was performed every 3rd cycle. Results: 44 pts have been enrolled, 4 are non-evaluable because of early progression, and 2 are not yet evaluable, 38 are evaluable for response and toxicity. All patients had anthracycline pretreatment either for adjuvant or palliative purposes. For 28/38 patients this treatment was 2nd line palliative chemotherapy. 33/38 Received at least 6 cycles, treatment was discontinued prior to 6 cycles due to progressive disease (PD) in 4/38 or due to toxicity in 1/38. 23 Partial responses were observed, leading to an overall response rate of 60% (23/38). Stable disease was observed in 11 patients and 4 patients had PD. 86% of cycles were given at full dose and at the right time. Hematological toxicity was modest with grade 3–4 (NCI-CTC) leucopenia in 29/237 cycles, febrile leucopenia (grade 3) in 3/237 cycles and grade 3–4 thrombocytopenia in 2/237 cycles. Non-hematological toxicity: fluid retention grade 3 in 2 patients and diarrhea gr 4 in 2 patients. Conclusions: Combination chemotherapy with gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 d1 and d8 and docetaxel 75 mg/m2 on d 8 is feasible in anthracycline pretreated MBC and shows promising efficacy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Maruyama index (MI) and outcomes of gastric cancer resection.
Authors: J. C. Sachdev, M. Evangelist, W. S. Orr, J. Denbo, A. G. Khattak, M. Ul-Haq, A. Farooq, A. C. Thompson, A. Mahmoud, R. U. Osarogiagbon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

4154 Background: Benefit of extensive lymph node (LN) dissections (D2 vs. D1) for gastric cancer is debated. The cumulative probability of tumor in all LN stations (total MI: TMI) and stations not removed (MI of unresected disease: MIUD) can be calculated. Low MIUD but not D2 dissection correlated with better survival in INT-0116 and the Dutch D2 trial. We evaluated the predictive ability of MI for key outcomes of gastric cancer resection. Methods: Institutional review of all curative-intent gastric cancer resections from 1999 to 2008. TMI and MIUD were calculated using age, gender, Borrmann type, depth of invasion, tumor location, position, grade, and histology. Correlation with tumor stage, R0 resection, and survival was analyzed. Log rank test for survival comparisons, Wilcoxon Mann Whitney and Kruskal Wallis tests for comparison between medians and proportional hazard models were employed. Results: Table: patient and tumor characteristics, N = 108. Median TMI and MIUD were 160 and 60 respectively, lower for the R0 than R1/2 resections (median TMI R0: 140 vs. R1/2: 360, p < 0.0001; median MIUD R0: 36 vs. R1/2: 131, p < 0.0001). TMI correlated with stage (median TMI stage I 100; stage II 133; stage III 297; stage IV 360: p < 0.0001). Lower MIUD as a continuous (p< 0.02) and categorical (p< 0.04) variable correlated with better survival (5 year survival MIUD < 60: 68% vs. MIUD ≥ 60: 36%). MIUD, R status, and stage independently predicted survival on univariate analysis, but not on multiple variable modeling. Conclusions: In our community-based gastric cancer resection cohort, MI correlated with more extensive disease at surgery and incomplete resections. We confirmed the predictive ability of MIUD for survival. MI may be a valuable preoperative surrogate for tumor stage and may identify patients needful of intensive preoperative staging and treatment to avoid futile resections. Tailored removal of LN as predicted by the MI may improve survival. % Age (yrs) Median 66 (25-93) Gender Female 43 Male 57 Race Black 63 White 30 Other 7 Tumor location Distal 64 Middle 22 Proximal 13 Position Lesser curvature 45 Greater curvature 20 Posterior 16 Anterior 8 Circumferential 12 Borrmann type I 6 II 13 III 65 IV 16 Grade Well 6 Moderate 31 Poor 61 Stage I 24 II 22 III 31 IV 22 R status R0 72 R1 22 R2 5 Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Genentech
Exercise prescription for patients with type 2 diabetes—a synthesis of international recommendations: narrative review
Authors: Romeu Mendes, Nelson Sousa, António Almeida, Paulo Subtil, Fernando Guedes-Marques, Victor Machado Reis, José Luís Themudo-Barata
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2015)

Background Physical activity is a cornerstone of type 2 diabetes treatment and control. Aim We analysed and synthesised the guidelines and recommendations issued by scientific organisations, regarding exercise prescription for patients with type 2 diabetes. Method A systematic bibliographic search in Pubmed, Web of Science and Scopus databases was conducted. Clinical guidelines from major international scientific organisations in the field of diabetology, endocrinology, cardiology, public health and sports medicine were also considered. 11 publications were selected. Results Published guidelines recommend a weekly accumulation of a minimum of 150 min of aerobic exercise at moderate-to-vigorous intensity spread over a minimum of 3 days per week. Resistance exercise for muscle strengthening is also recommended at least 2 days a week. Flexibility exercises may complement other types of exercise. Combining aerobic and resistance exercise within the same exercise session is recommended by most guidelines. Conclusions Exercise prescription for individuals with type 2 diabetes should include specific information on the type, mode, duration, intensity and weekly frequency. The exercise strategies must be adapted for each individual, based on comorbidities, contraindications and realistic personal goals.
Phase I trial of intratumoral administration of reovirus type 3 with radiation in patients with advanced malignancies
Authors: L. Vidal-Boixader, V. Karavasilis, D. Beirne, K. Twigger, C. White, H. Pandha, C. Nutting, J. de Bono, A. Melcher, K. Harrington
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

14009 Background: Reoviruses are RNA viruses that replicate preferentially in cells with aberrant Ras-pathway signaling. Preclinical data have shown that the combination of reovirus (REO) and radiation (RT) significantly increases RT-induced cytotoxicity. Methods: Patients (pts) with measurable disease amenable to treatment with localised short-course palliative RT were enrolled in cohorts of 3. In the first stage, pts received local tumour RT (20 Gy in 5 fractions) in combination with two intratumoural injections of escalating REO doses to a maximum of 10 10 TCID50. If no dose-limiting toxicity (DLT), pts received local tumour RT (36 Gy in 12 fractions) in combination with two, four or six doses of REO at TCID50. Endpoints were safety, viral replication, immunogenicity and antitumoral activity. Results: Eighteen pts have been treated to date with a variety of solid tumours.Two pts, one at the 1 x 10 9 dose and one at 1 x 10 10 refused to receive the second REO injection due to grade 2 flu-like symptoms. Other toxicities have been mild (grade 1–2) and have included fever, sweating, skin erythema. There has been no evidence of exacerbation of the acute RT reaction. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) studies of blood, urine, stool and sputum on day 8 post-REO administration were negative for viral shedding for all treated pts. The induction of neutralising anti-REO antibodies was attenuated compared with previous experience in pts receiving intravenous infusions. Three pts (oesophageal ,skin squamous and colorectal carcinoma) had significant partial responses. In addition, the pt. with metastatic oesophageal cancer had a volume reduction of 15% in non-irradiated mediastinal disease for more than 6 months. Intratumoral viral replication by electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry of pre- and post-treatment tumour biopsies was performed. Conclusions: The combination of intratumoral REO and radiation is well tolerated. Promising indicators of synergistic effect are observed. Recruitment is ongoing at the last cohort of the trial. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: Time to go past genomics?
Authors: Damien Roos‐Weil, Florence Nguyen‐Khac, Olivier A. Bernard
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2016)

Recent advances in massively parallel sequencing technologies have provided a detailed picture of the mutational landscape in CLL and underscored the vast degree of interpatient and intratumor heterogeneities. These studies have led to the characterization of novel putative driver genes and recurrently affected biological pathways, and to the modeling of CLL clonal evolution. We herein review selected aspects including recent advances in the biology of CLL and present cellular and biological processes involved in the development of CLL and potentially other mature B‐cell lymphoproliferative neoplasms. Am. J. Hematol. 91:518–528, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Increased health care utilization as a function of participation in trauma research
Authors: R A Sansone, L A Sansone, M W Wiederman
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1997)

This study was designed to compare, in a primary care setting, the health care utilization of women who participated in a trauma research study with the health care utilization of women who did not.Health care utilization in the 12 months before and the 12 months after participation in trauma research was determined for both participants (N = 116) and a group of control subjects (N = 100) matched for day of service.Pairwise t test results indicated that for the women who participated in the research, all measures of health care utilization significantly increased in the 12 months after the trauma study; for the control subjects, only the number of ongoing prescriptions significantly increased. Sign tests confirmed that a significantly greater number of research participants demonstrated a positive difference (increase in utilization) for all health care variables, whereas only ongoing prescriptions demonstrated a significant systematic increase among control subjects.The findings suggest that participation in trauma research may increase subsequent health care utilization.
Patterns of relapse after primary or salvage high-dose chemotherapy in patients with advanced nonseminomatous germ cell tumors
Authors: K. Oechsle, A. Lorch, F. U. Honecker, C. Kollmannsberger, J. T. Hartmann, I. Boehlke, J. Beyer, C. Bokemeyer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

16012 Background: In patients (pts) treated for advanced germ cell tumors (GCT), radiologic procedures (RP), including computed tomography, and serum tumormarkers (TM) are performed as routine follow-up. We retrospectively analysed the pattern of relapse after primary or salvage high dose chemotherapy (HD-CTX) to critically evaluate common follow-up procedures. Methods: Between 1993 - 2005, a total of 434 pts with poor prognosis GCT received primary cisplatin-based HD-CTX within two phase II trials. 216 pts were treated with carboplatin-based HD-CTX within a third trial. In 77 pts after primary HD-CTX and 61 pts after salvage HD-CTX (138 of 650 pts; 21%), who had achieved at least a partial remission due to HD-CTX and had progressed thereafter, the value of physical examination, TM, and RP leading to detection of relapse in the follow-up was retrospectively examined. Results: At relapse, 24% of presented with an isolated TM elevation, 26% with pathologic findings on RP with negative TM, and 42% with elevated TM and progression in RP within routine diagnostic. In 8% of the pts clinical symptoms lead to relapse diagnosis. Median time to progression was 4 months (1 - 44), 46% of patients relapsed within the first 3 months and 97% within two years after HD-CTX. Comparing the two cohorts, pts relapsing after salvage HD-CTX present more often with positive TM and positive RP than pts after primary HD-CTX (60% vs. 28%). No association was observed between relapse pattern and response status after HD-CTX, time of relapse, or TM-status prior to HD-CTX. Conclusions: In the follow up of high risk GCT patients, relapse is detected by clinical evaluation, TM, and RP. About one third of pts each presented with relapse on RP alone, elevation of TM alone or both. As only 8% of pts presented with clinical symptoms at relapse, monitoring using TM and RP at 3-monthly intervals within the first two years after HD-CTX is warranted. Relapses do rarely occur later than two years after HD-CTX. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Malignant Neoplasms Found by Autopsy in Hisayama, Japan, During the First Ten Years of A Community Study2
Authors: Yuichi Hiyoshi, Teruo Omae, Moriyuki Takeshita, Kazuo Ueda, Yasuo Hirota, Shibanosuke Katsuki, Kenzo Tanaka, Munetomo Enjoji
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

In Hisayama (a farming community in Kyushu island, Japan), autopsies were performed on 360 unselected residents dying at or after the age of 20 years, from November 1, 1961 to October 31, 1971. The autopsy rate among residents dying at or after the age of 40 years was about 84%. On the basis of autopsy data, frequency and site of malignant neoplasms were studied. The accuracy of clinical diagnosis was assessed by comparison of the diagnosis completed before autopsy with the autopsy findings. Malignant neoplasms were found at autopsy in 89 of 339 people 40 years old or over; double carcinoma was found in 2 of the 89. Among the 91 malignant neoplasms verified, the three most frequent sites were stomach (38.5%), pancreas (12.1%), and lung (11.0%). The accuracy of clinical diagnosis was poor for carcinomas of the pancreas and lung, whereas it was good for carcinomas of the stomach and cervix uteri. Death rates for carcinoma of pancreas and lung have risen sharply in Japan in recent years, whereas those for carcinoma of stomach and cervix uteri have been stable or declining. Such findings suggested that the rise in the death rates for carcinomas of the pancreas and lung was, in part, due to change in diagnostic techniques. Stomach carcinoma was not overdiagnosed in our series.
Abstract 16704: High Levels of Extracellular Nampt Produce Cardiac Hypertrophy and Ventricular Remodeling
Authors: Vinodkumar B. Pillai, Nagalingam R. Sundaresan, Sadhana Samant, Gene Kim, Joe G. N. Garcia, Mahesh P Gupta
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Nampt is an important coenzyme involved in cellular redox reactions. While inside the cell Nampt (iNampt) functions as a rate limiting enzyme in the NAD salvage pathway, outside the cel...