tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
해설논문(Review Article) : 자가면역간염: 진단 및 치료의 최근 경향
Authors: 이영상 ( Yung Sang Lee )
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2006)

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is an unresolving, predominantly periportal hepatitis that is usually displays hypergammaglobulinemia, and tissue autoantibodies, and this malady is responsive to immunosuppressive therapy. Our understanding about this clinical entity has been greatly expanded since the first description by Waldenstr?m 50 years ago. The codified diagnostic criteria of AIH prepared by International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group are still valid, but new attempts are being made to overcome the shortcomings of this scoring system. Immunosuppressive therapies using prednisone and azathioprine are currently the mainstay for the treatment of AIH, but there are still many practical questions to be solved.
Relationship of a Mandated 1-Hour Evacuation Policy and Outcomes for Combat Casualties
Authors: Matthew J. Martin, Matthew J. Eckert, Martin A. Schreiber
Journal: JAMA (2016)

This commentary discusses a study published in JAMA Surgery that investigated morbidity and mortality outcomes for battlefield casualties before and after implementation of a “golden hour” rule mandating prehospital helicopter transport of critically injured troops in 60 minutes or less.
Abstract P290: Stroke and Coronary Heart Disease - Predictive Power of Standard Risk Factors Until Old Age
Authors: Wai Giang Kok, Lena M Bjorck, Masuma Novak, George Lappas, Annika Rosengren
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction and Aim: The SCORE model, based on age, sex, current smoking and systolic blood pressure, and serum cholesterol, was created to identify persons at increased risk for fatal cardiovascular disease (CVD) defined as death from coronary heart disease (CHD) or stroke within 10 years. We aimed to examine the short-term and long-term risk for CHD and stroke separately. Methods and Results: The Primary Prevention cohort study comprising 7174 men free from previous history of CHD, stroke and diabetes and aged 45 to 55 at baseline examination (1970–73) were followed up for 35 years. To estimate the cumulative effect of CHD and stroke, all participants were stratified into one of four risk groups defined by their burden of risk according to the SCORE factors. The 35 year relative risk (RR) for the men with the highest risk compared to those with the lowest was 3.38 (95 % CI 2.84–4.02) for CHD and 1.60 (95% CI 1.28–2.00) for stroke. When adjusted for competing risk the estimated 10 year cumulative risk for high risk individuals was 19.4% for CHD and 3.6% for stroke which increased substantially to 87% and 70% respectively after 35 years. Conclusions: The 10 year risk for CHD and stroke as calculated by the SCORE factors differs which indicates that the cumulative risk in middle age men based on the SCORE model can effectively be used to predict CHD but not stroke to the same extent. However, over an extended follow-up period until old age, the cumulative risk for stroke increased markedly such that high risk individuals developed a high cumulative risk for both CHD and stroke after 35 years.
Primary triple androgen blockade (TAB) followed by finasteride maintenance (FM) for clinically localized prostate cancer (CL-PC): Ten-year follow-up.
Authors: J. N. Roundy, J. S. Turner, R. L. Leibowitz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

e15198 Background: We update our 2005 ASCO report about using a single 13 month cycle of TAB, then FM as a management strategy for CL-PC. Methods: 199 men with CL-PC who refused local therapy were prospectively treated with 13 months TAB consisting of an LHRH agonist, antiandrogen, and finasteride with subsequent FM. Results: At diagnosis median age was 66 (range 44 to 88), mean baseline PSA (bPSA) 10.8 ng/mL (range 0.39-59.8), median Gleason score (GS) 7 (range 4-10) and mean baseline testosterone (T) 407 ng/dL. D'Amico risk stratification; 67 men (34%) low risk, 72 (36%) intermediate risk, 60 (30%) high risk. At median PSA follow-up of 94 months (range 8 to 231 months), 76.4% had no additional therapy. Mean PSA was 4.49 ng/ml and mean T was 319 ng/dl. Two or more cycles of ADT have been initiated in 15 high risk, 12 intermediate, and 4 low risk men. 21 had also received low-dose chemotherapy (Taxotere/Emcyt/Carboplatin), ADT, and less commonly Revlimid, Thalidomide, or Leukine. 17 proceeded with deferred local therapy, of which 14 were in remission at last PSA follow up. Three high risk men died from PC. 21 had non-PC related mortality. 3 died of unknown cause. Three men are castrate resistant. After median 126 months follow up, disease specific survival is 98.5%. Overall survival is 86.4%. No low or intermediate risk men died of PC. Conclusions: A single 13 month cycle of TAB-FM provides excellent long-term control and management of CL-PC, including men with high risk CL-PC. For most men ADT toxicity reverses. Any form of radical local therapy has serious and often permanent impact on potency or urinary/fecal continence. We suggest further exploration of TAB-FM for CL-PC as a safe and viable alternative to surgery or radiotherapy.
Phase II trials of pancreatic and hepatic arterial infusion of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin (CDDP) in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer with or without liver metastasis
Authors: R. Denno, T. Sasada, M. Kanai, A. Takabayashi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

4140 Background: Liver metastasis is a common progression of pancreatic cancer. The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy and safety of a modality therapy consisting of pancreatic and hepatic arterial infusion of 5-FU and CDDP in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer with or without liver metastasis. Methods: 12 patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer were enrolled in this study. 8 patients had locally advanced pancreatic cancer with no distant metastases (Group A). 4 patients had advanced pancreatic cancer with no distant metastases except to the liver (Group B). To restrict the blood flow into the pancreas and the liver, the peripancreatic artery (ex. dorsal pancreatic artery) were embolized superselectively with microcoils. The tip of the catheter was placed in the proper hepatic artery and the side hole was placed in the gastroduodenal artery for the patients of pancreas head cancer. The splenic artery and the common hepatic artery were used for the patients of pancreas body or tail cancer. The patients of Group A received both hepatic and pancreatic arterial injection chemotherapy to prevent liver metastasis. The arterial infusion chemotherapy consisted of 5-FU 250 mg/sqm administration as a 24-hr continuous arterial infusion and a bolus injection of CDDP 5mg/sqm three times a week for two weeks to all 12 patients. Consequently, 8 of 12 patients were administered 5-FU 600mg/sqm as a 5-hr continuous arterial infusion weekly. Results: 3 patients of Group A had PR (Overall response was 37.5%). None of Group B had CR or PR. Median survival time was 16.3 months for Group A and 6.1 months for Group B. One of Group A had liver metastasis after this treatment. Toxicity was predictable and in general manageable. One patient had the grade 4 hematotologic toxicity but recovered. Conclusions: In patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer, hepatic and pancreatic arterial injection chemotherapy after hemodynamic change is effective to treat main pancreatic tumor and to prevent liver metastasis. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Benefit from adjuvant trastuzumab may not be confined to patients with IHC 3+ and/or FISH-positive tumors: Central testing results from NSABP B-31
Authors: S. Paik, C. Kim, J. Jeong, C. E. Geyer, E. H. Romond, O. Mejia-Mejia, E. P. Mamounas, D. Wickerham, J. P. Costantino, N. Wolmark
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

511 Background: Trastuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody targeted to HER2 protein and currently indicated for HER2-positive breast cancer defined by overexpression of HER2 protein (3+ IHC staining by HercepTest™) or HER2 gene amplification (HER2/CEP17 ratio over 2 by PathVysion® FISH assay). These criteria were determined for advanced disease but have not been formally tested in the adjuvant setting. We examined these tests’ ability to predict benefit from adjuvant trastuzumab in NSABP trial B-31. Methods: All available tumor tissue blocks from the B-31 trial were subjected to HercepTest and PathVysion assay as defined in the B-31 protocol. Formal statistical test of interaction between HER2 levels measured by these two tests and benefit from trastuzumab was performed. Results: 207 of 1,795 cases (11.5%) showed gene amplification as determined by PathVysion, and 255 of 1,662 (15.3 %) showed overexpression as determined by HercepTest. 161 of 1,662 (9.7%) had neither gene amplification nor overexpression. There was a consistent benefit from trastuzumab in every subset defined by IHC or FISH. No statistical interaction was found between DFS benefit from trastuzumab and levels of protein (p=0.26) or HER2 gene copy number (p=0.60). Benefit was observed in patients with tumors that were negative for FISH and had less than 3+ staining intensity on IHC by HercepTest (RR=0.36 [CI: 0.14–0.92] p=0.032). Conclusion: Current definition of HER2 overexpression/gene amplification based on data from advanced disease may need to be modified for the adjuvant setting. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Atopic dermatitis is not associated with actinic keratosis: cross‐sectional results from the Rotterdam study
Authors: E. Hajdarbegovic, H. Blom, J.A.C. Verkouteren, A. Hofman, L.M. Hollestein, T. Nijsten
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2016)

Epidermal barrier impairment and an altered immune system in atopic dermatitis (AD) may predispose to ultraviolet-induced DNA damage.To study the association between AD and actinic keratosis (AK) in a population-based cross-sectional study.AD was defined by modified criteria of the U.K. working party's diagnostic criteria. AKs were diagnosed by physicians during a full-body skin examination, and keratinocyte cancers were identified via linkage to the national pathology database. The results were analysed in adjusted multivariable and multinomial models.A lower proportion of subjects with AD had AKs than those without AD: 16% vs. 24%, P = 0·002; unadjusted odds ratio (OR) 0·60, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0·42-0·83; adjusted OR 0·74, 95% CI 0·51-1·05; fully adjusted OR 0·69, 95% CI 0·47-1·07. In a multinomial model patients with AD were less likely to have ≥ 10 AKs (adjusted OR 0·28, 95% CI 0·09-0·90). No effect of AD on basal cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma was found: adjusted OR 0·71, 95% CI 0·41-1·24 and adjusted OR 1·54, 95% CI 0·66-3·62, respectively.AD in community-dwelling patients is not associated with AK.
Relationship between dasatinib exposure and long-term clinical outcomes in chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML-CP) patients.
Authors: A. Roy, N. P. Shah, P. le Coutre, X. Wang, C. A. Schiffer, G. Saglio, A. Lambert, A. Damokosh, E. Bahceci, J. E. Cortes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

6518 Background: This exploratory analysis examined potential relationships between dasatinib exposure and the long-term safety and efficacy outcomes of subjects enrolled in CA180-034, a phase III dose-optimization study in CML-CP patients with 4-arms (100 mg QD, 50 mg BID, 140 mg QD, and 70 mg BID). The following endpoints at 2-year follow-up were examined: (a) long-term outcomes [progression free-survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS)], (b) durability of complete cytogenetic response (CCyR), and (c) development of Gr 3/4 nonhematologic adverse events (AEs). Methods: Exposure-response (E-R) analysis was performed with summary steady-state measures of dasatinib exposure determined previously from a population pharmacokinetic (PPK) model (peak [Cmax], trough [Cmin], and time-averaged [Cavg] plasma concentration) in 567 subjects enrolled in CA180-034, for whom exposure data were available (Wang et al, ASCO 2008). E-R analysis of PFS, OS, and durability of CCyR were examined by Kaplan-Meier (K-M) analysis of subjects grouped by quartiles of Cmax, Cmin, and Cavg. E-R of Gr 3/4 non-hematologic AEs was examined by comparing distributions of dasatinib exposure in subjects with and without these AEs. Results: The 2-year survival and long-term CCyR response rates were similar across quartiles of Cavg, as were the rates of Gr 3/4 nonhematological AEs (Table). K-M estimates of survival across quartiles were not significantly different by log-rank test. However, the 2-year PFS was marginally lower at the lowest quartile of Cavg. Similar results were observed across quartiles of Cmax and Cmin. Conclusions: Similar and favorable long-term outcomes were achieved in CML-CP patients across dasatinib exposure investigated in CA180-034. The incidence of Gr 3/4 nonhematologic AEs was not related to differences in exposure. Cavg quartiles Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 PFS at 24 months (%) (N=567) 69.7 80.0 81.0 79.7 OS at 24 months (%) (N=567) 88.4 92.8 93.8 90.9 CCyR maintained at 18 months (%) (N=305)* 89.1 93.7 93.5 86.3 Gr 3/4 nonhematological toxicities (%) (N=567) 38.0 33.1 36.9 45.8 * Only subjects with CCyR. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Bristol-Myers Squibb Bristol-Myers Squibb, Chemgenix, Merck, Novartis, Wyeth Bristol-Myers Squibb, Novartis Bristol-Myers Squibb, Merck, Novartis Bristol-Myers Squibb, Novartis
Effects of a nasal high-flow system (nHF) on tidal volume, breathing rate, minute volume and I/E-ratio in healthy volunteers and patients with COPD
Authors: Jens Bräunlich, Marcus Köhler, Hans-Jürgen Seyfarth, Stefan Hammschmidt, Hubert Wirtz
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  Treatment with nHF-system is able to improve symptoms of acute and chronic respiratory insufficiency. The method uses a warmed and humified high flow of air with 20-50 liter per minute (lpm). By using these devices an increase of mean pressure, pressure amplitude and a decrease in pCO2 is observable.   Method:  Healthy volunteers and patients with COPD were included in this study. For detection of volume changes, frequency variations and I/E-ratios we used two elastic impedance measure belts (thoracal/abdominal). The signal was relayed to a polysomnography device. Flows from 20 lpm up to 50 lpm with small, medium and large nasal prongs were tested. To compare the results with a closed ventilation support system, the measurements were also performed with CPAP (6 and 10 mbar) and BiPAP (14/6mbar). We compared the results with values measured during spontaneous breathing.   Results:  nHF led to a significant decrease in minute volume, tidal volume and breathing rate in healthy volunteers in comparison with spontaneous breathing. The I/E-ratio results in no significant changes. In patients with COPD the breathing rates were also decreased, but the tidal volumes were increased with partial reductions in minute ventilation. The I/E-ratio was not changed in COPD. In comparison with spontaneous breathing, CPAP and BiPAP showed significant changes in patients with COPD.   Discussion:  nHF resulted in significant effects on respiratory parameters of healthy volunteers and in patients with COPD. The changes deliver a possible explanation of the active manner of the breath support and the decrease in pCO2.
Peripheral-blood stem-cell collections after paclitaxel, cyclophosphamide, and recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in patients with breast and ovarian cancer.
Authors: T Demirer, S Rowley, C D Buckner, F R Appelbaum, K Lilleby, R Storb, K Schiffman, W I Bensinger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1995)

Here we evaluate Taxol (paclitaxel; Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ) and cyclophosphamide (CY) with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) for mobilization of peripheral-blood stem cells (PBSCs) for autologous stem-cell transplantation in patients with breast and ovarian cancer.PBSCs were collected from 17 patients with breast (n = 11), ovarian (n = 5), and gastric (n = 1) cancer after administration of Taxol (170 mg/m2 x 1) and CY (4 g/m2 x 1) followed by rhG-CSF (10 micrograms/kg/d). PBSC collections after Taxol and CY were compared with PBSC collections from nine patients with stage IV breast (n = 8) or stage III ovarian (n = 1) cancer who had received CY (4 g/m2 x 1) followed by rhG-CSF (16 micrograms/kg/d) for mobilization.Mean WBC and platelet counts on the first day of apheresis were 6.3 x 10(9)/L (range, 1.9 to 22.1) and 35 x 10(9)/L (range, 19 to 77), respectively. The median numbers of CD34+ cells, peripheral-blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC), and peripheral-blood total nucleated cells (PBTNC) collected were 13.02 x 10(6)/kg (range, 5.4 to 57.8; mean, 16.02), 6.86 x 10(8)/kg (range, 1.9 to 51.2), and 17.41 x 10(8)/kg (range, 2.4 to 106.6), respectively. In the comparison group, the median yield of CD34+ cells was 6.39 x 10(6)/kg (range, 0.2 to 28; mean, 10.01; P = .01). The mean daily yield of CD34+ cells/kg/collection was 3.5 (range, 0.8 to 28.9) after Taxol and CY, as compared with 1.3 (range, 0.1 to 7.0) for patients who received CY alone (P = .01). All patients who received CY and Taxol reached a target level of 5 x 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg, as compared with five of nine patients (55.5%) who received CY alone (P = .03).These data suggest that Taxol and CY followed by rhG-CSF mobilizes PBSCs in patients with advanced breast and ovarian cancer more effectively than this regimen without Taxol.
Nanoformulated alpha-mangostin ameliorates Alzheimer's disease neuropathology by elevating LDLR expression and accelerating amyloid-beta clearance
Authors: Lei Yao, Xiao Gu, Qingxiang Song, Xiaolin Wang, Meng Huang, Meng Hu, Lina Hou, Ting Kang, Jun Chen, Hongzhuan Chen, Xiaoling Gao
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2016)
Cultivation of Cells From a Fibroma in a Rattlesnake, &lt;italic&gt;Crotalus horridus&lt;/italic&gt;
Authors: Henry C. Orr, Lester E. Harris, Jr., Artrice V. Bader, Ruth L. Kirschstein, Peter G. Probst
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1972)

Cells from a naturally occurring fibroma of a male rattlesnake, Crotalus horridus, have been cultured for more than 35 passages in vitro. The cells, growing in Eagle's minimal essential medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum at 30°C are fibroblastic and presently diploid. No particles characteristic of viruses were seen by electron microscopy in either the intact cells or the medium in which the cells had been grown. The cells are believed to be the first fibroma-derived rattlesnake cells in vitro available for cancer research.
MicroRNA signature identifies tissue origin of primary and metastatic tumors
Authors: S. Rosenwald, E. Meiri, S. Gilad, M. Ezagouri, Y. Spector, A. Ben Ari, A. Levy, R. Aharonov, N. Rosenfeld, I. Barshack
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

11028 Background: MicroRNAs are a novel class of non-coding, regulatory RNA genes which are involved in oncogenesis and show remarkable tissue-specificity. Their potential for tumor classification suggests they may be applied for identifying tissue-origin of cancers of unknown primary (CUP), a major clinical problem accounting for 3%∼5% of new cancer cases. We have developed a platform for the discovery and development of microRNA-based diagnostic tests. Here we report on the application of this platform for developing a microRNA signature that successfully identifies the tissue origin of primary as well as metastatic tumors. Methods: We developed protocols for extraction of high-quality RNA that retain the microRNA fraction from FFPE archival tissue samples. A microarray platform was used for high-throughput measurement of microRNA expression levels in tumor samples, and a highly specific qRT-PCR platform was used to validate biomarkers. Results: MicroRNA expression profiles were measured in 205 primary and 131 metastatic tumor samples representing 22 distinct tumor types and origins. Samples were divided into a training set (3/4) and a blinded test set (1/4). We developed a transparent classification approach based on 48 microRNAs, each linked to specific differential diagnosis roles. In an independent test of the 83 blinded samples, two-thirds of the samples were classified with high-confidence with an overall accuracy of 89%. Classification accuracy reached 100% for most tissue classes, including for the metastatic tumors. We further validated the significance of these microRNA biomarkers by qRT-PCR using 65 new blinded test samples. Conclusions: We developed a potent and highly accurate microRNA-based algorithm for identifying tissue origin of tumors. The high tissue specificity of microRNAs permits the identification of tumor origin of metastases and primary tumors, based on a small number of microRNAs, and can be used as a new tool in molecular diagnostics of cancer and in particular for identifying tumor origin in CUP. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Rosetta Genomics Ltd Rosetta Genomics Ltd
The Role of Risk-Reducing Surgery in Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Lynn C. Hartmann, Noralane M. Lindor
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

The risk of breast and ovarian cancer among women with mutations such as BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations can be mitigated by operations to remove the organs at greatest risk. Data are presented to assist in deciding what operation should be performed and when it should occur.
Gemcitibine (G) and docetaxel (D) in relapsed and unresectable high-grade osteosarcoma after failure of standard multimodal therapy.
Authors: Emanuela Palmerini, Robin Lewis Jones, Anna Paioli, Emanuela Marchesi, Cristina Piera Meazza, Luca Coccoli, Seth Pollack, Piero Picci, Angela Tamburini, Marilena Cesari, Eric L. Staals, Stefano Ferrari
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

10541 Background: The prognosis of relapsed and unresectable high-grade osteosarcoma is poor and has remained unchanged for decades. Increased survival for metastatic soft tissue sarcomas was previously shown with the combination G+D compared to G alone (Maki R, JCO 2007). Thus, we explored G+D activity in patients (pts) with relapsed and unresectable osteosarcoma / spindle cell pleomorphic sarcoma. Methods: Pts progressing after standard treatment were eligible to receive G 900 mg/m2day 1, 8 + D 75 mg/m2 day 8, every 21 days, until progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS) at 4 months (mo). Secondary objectives were overall survival (OS) and disease control rate (DC), defined as complete response (CR), partial response (PR) or stable disease (SD) lasting at least 6 months. Results: We enrolled 46 pts. Median age was 18 (8-71): 26 pts pediatric pts, 20 adult. Line of treatment: 14 pts in 1stline; 32 pts were in ≥ 2nd line (up to 5). Pattern of metastases: 26 pts lung only, 20 multiple sites. Histology: 35 pts classic osteosarcoma, 11 high grade spindle cell sarcoma (HGS). ECOG: 31 pts 0, 11 pts 1, 4 pts 2. 41 pts were evaluable for RECIST response (2 pts off study for D allergic reaction, 1 pt for G4 skin toxicity, 2 pts with no measurable lesions). 4-mo PFS rate was 47%. 4-mo PFS was significantly better for ECOG 0 pts (ECOG0: 57% vs ECOG 1: 37% vs ECOG 2: 0%; p= 0.01), with a trend to superiority in pts with lung only metastases (lung only: 58%; multiple sites: 35%; p=0.09), and classic osteosarcoma (classic osteosarcoma 50% vs. HGS 22%; p=0.2), while there was no difference according to age or line of treatment. PFS and OS at 6 mo were 23% and 71%, respectively. Tumor responses: CR: 0/41, PR: 5/41 (12%), SD 18/41 (44%), progressive disease (PD) 18/41 (44%); DC: 8/41 (20%). Conclusions: G+D demonstrated activity in pre-treated relapsed high grade classic osteosarcoma pts, especially in pts with ECOG 0 and lung only disease. This combination should be included in the therapeutic armamentarium of metastatic osteosarcoma as an active line of therapy.