tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Relations between psychotherapy and survival, coping strategies and quality of life (QOL) in patients with malignant gliomas: A randomized study
Authors: N. Jouniaux-Delbez, A. Andronikof, J. Delattre, J. Medioni
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

9110 Background: Cognitive and behavioral psychotherapies are able to modify reactions against stress. Whether psychotherapies can improve survival, coping strategies and QOL in situations such as cancer announcement is not known. Methods: Between September 2001 and October 2003, a single center two arms study was conducted. Voluntary patients with newly diagnosed malignant gliomas were prospectively and exhaustively randomized to have psychotherapy or not. Anti-cancer therapy was unchanged. Psychotherapy was performed monthly. Coping strategies and QOL using EORTC QLQ-C30 Questionnaire were evaluated every 6 months for one year. Results: 96 patients were randomized and 81 patients (50 men, 81%) completed the study. Mean age was 50 years (range: 22–67) and 79% had a performance status = 1, 70% had glioblastomas, 51% had at least partial surgical resection of the tumor, 95% received radiotherapy and 83% had at least 1 cycle of chemotherapy. After a median follow-up of 43 months, 68 deaths (84%) were noted and median survival time was 14.1 months. Despite a trend toward improved survival, psychotherapy was not a prognosis factor of survival (p = 0.19). Coping scores at 0, 6 and 12 months were similar in the two arms and no improvements between base line scores and later scores were noted. General QOL scores at 0, 6 and 12 months were similar in the two arms. More data will be presented at the meeting, notably in good responders to psychotherapy. Conclusions: In a large non selected population of patients with newly diagnosed malignant gliomas, psychotherapy does not improve coping score or QOL and doesn't significantly change survival. Further studies are required to determine which patients can benefit of psychotherapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Effects of P-Selectin Antagonist Inclacumab in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
Authors: Barbara E. Stähli, Jean-Claude Tardif, Michel Carrier, Richard Gallo, Robert W. Emery, Stephen Robb, Daniel Cournoyer, Lucie Blondeau, Dominique Johnson, Jessica Mann, Jacques Lespérance, Marie-Claude Guertin, Philippe L. L'Allier
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Mannose binding lectin deficiency is associated with disease severity in patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis
Authors: James D. Chalmers, David Kilpatrick, Brian McHugh, Pallavi Mandal, Maeve Smith, Cathy Doherty, John Govan, Adam T. Hill
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  Mannose binding lectin (MBL) is a serum protein involved in phagocytic clearance of bacteria, viruses and apoptotic cells. Deficiency of mannose binding lectin is associated with disease severity in cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis but has not been studied in adult non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis.   Methods:  470 patients with adult non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (confirmed by HCRT) and matched controls were recruited. MBL serum levels were measured by ELISA. MBL deficiency was defined as a serum level  10  colony forming units/ml (cfu/ml).   Results:  MBL deficiency was not more frequent in bronchiectasis patients than controls (27.2% vs. 29.6%, p=0.4). MBL deficient patients had more severe disease as defined by radiology (39.8% vs. 19.3%, p Pseudomonas aeruginosa  (22.7% vs. 12.3%, p=0.005).   Conclusion:  Mannose binding lectin deficiency is associated with more severe disease in patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis.
Reply to A. Indini et al
Authors: Troy Z. Horvat, Nelly G. Adel, Thu-Oanh Dang, Parisa Momtaz, Michael A. Postow, Margaret K. Callahan, Richard D. Carvajal, Mark A. Dickson, Sandra P. D’Angelo, Kaitlin M. Woo, Katherine S. Panageas, Jedd D. Wolchok, Paul B. Chapman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

Indini et al state that immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are associated with improved response to immunotherapy. Although some small early trials with ipilimumab suggested that patients with irAEs were more likely to respond, this observation has not been confirmed in later, larger series with ipilimumab or nivolumab. Therefore, the impact of this association is not clear. Regarding this, Indini et al ask whether patients who experience severe irAEs had a different prognosis. As we discuss in our article, the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events grading system does not adequately identify clinically significant ipilimumab immune-related toxicities. As such, we defined severe irAEs on the basis of whether the treating physician believed the patient required systemic corticosteroids. In this case, our Figures 3B and 3D address their question and show that patients experiencing irAEs severe enough to require systemic corticosteroids had similar time-to-treatment failure and overall survival compared with patients who did not require corticosteroids. They ask about the dose and timing of the systemic corticosteroids our patients received to treat irAEs. In most cases, patients received 0.5 to 1 mg/kg/d of intravenous methylprednisolone or the equivalent dose of oral prednisone. The proportion of patients who received systemic corticosteroids after each dose of ipilimumab is shown in Figure 1. Finally, Indini et al inquire if patients achieved a response before starting corticosteroids. As we explain in our article, we did not assess patients for tumor response. Even so, the majority of irAEs occurred before week 12, when a formal response would have been assessed. We decided not to assess tumor responses on the basis of the low response rate to ipilimumab and the general understanding that clinical benefit to ipilimumab does not necessarily require a response as measured by RECIST. It is worth noting that neither theWHO criteria nor RECIST were meant to play a role in making decisions about individual patient care and, in fact, have not generally correlated well with overall survival. In the penultimate sentence of their letter, Indini et al suggest that immunotherapy “should be continued even if patients experience irAEs.” Although in selected cases, immunotherapy might be continued after resolution of low-grade or asymptomatic irAEs, in most cases, we would not give additional doses of ipilimumab to patients who had required systemic immunosuppression for irAEs.
Neoplasms and Pigmentation of Thyroid Glands in F344 Rats Exposed to 2,4-Diaminoanisole Sulfate, a Hair Dye Component&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: J M Ward, S F Stinson, J F Hardisty, B Y Cockrell, D W Hayden
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

2,4 Diaminoanisole sulfate was fed at dietary levels of 0.12% (low dose) or 0.5% (high dose) to groups of 50 male and 50 female Inbred F344 rats for 78 weeks. By 107 week. after the initial exposure, 58% of the male rats and 42% of the female rats administered the high dose had thyroid neoplasms, whereas only 7–8% of the controls developed them. Follicular cell carcinomas were the primary type of neoplasm induced. None of the controls had these tumors. The carcinomas, which were papillary, cystlc, or solid, were highly invasive but did not metastasize. A brown pigment was present as granules primarily in thyroid follicular cells in all exposed rats. The amount of pigment as determined by an image-analyzing computer revealed that the crosss-sectional area occupiad by the pigment granules and the optical density of the granules were dose related.
Validation of a FACT/GOG-Abdominal Discomfort (AD) subscale: A Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) study
Authors: L. B. Wenzel, H. Q. Huang, D. K. Armstrong, J. Walker, D. Cella
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

8101 Background: Although IP therapy in optimal stage III ovarian cancer improves overall and disease-free survival, it produces severe (grade 3/4) abdominal pain (Armstrong et al: Proc ASCO, 2002) which significantly compromises quality of life (QOL) (Wenzel et al: Proc ASCO, 2004). A four-item self-report subscale was developed to assess abdominal discomfort related to IP therapy in patients treated on GOG Protocol 172. Methods: 415 women randomly allocated to receive 6 cycles of paclitaxel and cisplatin either intravenous (IV, n=210) or IP (n=205) were administered the AD subscale, the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT)-Ovarian and the FACT/GOG-Neurotoxicity subscales at four time points: prior to randomization, prior to cycle 4, and 3–6 weeks and 12 months post-treatment. Assessments collected from the IP group pre-cycle 4 were used to evaluate reliability and validity. The Spearman coefficient was calculated for all correlations. Results: Among 205 patients on the IP therapy arm, 138 completed the AD subscale prior to cycle 4. Internal consistency of this subscale was alpha=0.87 with average inter-item correlations of 0.61. Item-scale correlations, corrected for overlap, ranged from 0.63–0.89, whereas item correlation with other scales ranged from 0.01–0.44, suggesting minimal scaling errors across instruments. Both treatments improved abdominal discomfort from baseline to pre-cycle 4 (p<0.01), effect size (ES) = .56. The difference in improvement between the groups favored IV therapy by a margin of 0.9 units (6% of scale; ES=.25). Given its clinical superiority, this somewhat worse abdominal discomfort score in the IP arm may reflect offsetting toxicity. Conclusions: The FACT/GOG-AD subscale is a valid and reliable instrument to measure abdominal discomfort, and is responsive to change over time. This brief self-report measure can aid in accurate documentation of potential short and long-term effects of abdominal discomfort on QOL. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Phylogeny, rates of evolution, and patterns of codon usage among sea urchin retroviral-like elements, with implications for the recognition of horizontal transfer.
Authors: M S Springer, N A Tusneem, E H Davidson, R J Britten
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1995)

Phylogenetic relationships, rates of evolution, and codon usage were investigated in a family of retrotransposons (SURL elements) found in echinoids. The phylogeny of SURL element reverse transcriptase sequences from 10 echinoid species clearly shows the phylogenetic signature of the host taxa as well as paralogous sequences that diverged prior to speciation events. Two subfamilies (1 and 5) of SURL element reverse transcriptase sequences are recognized that diverged prior to the radiation of the Echinometridae. Comparisons of synonymous versus nonsynonymous substitutions indicate that SURL elements have been active in echinoid genomes and have evolved under purifying selection for millions of years. Rates of synonymous substitution for reverse transcriptase are similar to rates of single-copy DNA evolution and to rates of synonymous substitution for the H3 and H4 histone genes, contradicting the assumption that rates of evolution are accelerated in retrotransposons. Finally, codon usage in SURL elements is biased for codons ending in A or U relative to 42 sea urchin nuclear genes. Biased codon usage is sometimes cited as evidence for horizontal transfer, but in the case of SURL elements this bias occurs in spite of a long history of vertical transmission rather than because of horizontal transfer.
The Association Between Pollutant Levels and Asthma-Related Emergency Department Visits in the Bronx after the World Trade Center Attacks
Authors: Kunwar Ishan Sharma, Jennifer Toh, Tulsi Desai, Mili Shum, Priyank Patel, David L. Rosenstreich, Sunit P. Jariwala
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Cardiotoxicity of anticancer treatments: Epidemiology, detection, and management
Authors: Giuseppe Curigliano, Daniela Cardinale, Susan Dent, Carmen Criscitiello, Olexiy Aseyev, Daniel Lenihan, Carlo Maria Cipolla
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (2016)

Answer questions and earn CME/CNE Cancer and heart disease are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the industrialized world. Modern treatment strategies have led to an improvement in the chances of surviving a diagnosis of cancer; however, these gains can come at a cost. Patients may experience adverse cardiovascular events related to their cancer treatment or as a result of an exacerbation of underlying cardiovascular disease. With longer periods of survival, late effects of cancer treatment may become clinically evident years or decades after completion of therapy. Current cancer therapy incorporates multiple agents whose deleterious cardiac effects may be additive or synergistic. Cardiac dysfunction may result from agents that can result in myocyte destruction, such as with anthracycline use, or from agents that appear to transiently affect left ventricular contractility. In addition, cancer treatment may be associated with other cardiac events, such as severe treatment‐induced hypertension and vasospastic and thromboembolic ischemia, as well as rhythm disturbances, including QTc prolongation, that may be rarely life‐threatening. Early and late effects of chest radiation can lead to radiation‐induced heart disease, including pericardial disease, myocardial fibrosis, cardiomyopathy, coronary artery disease, valvular disease, and arrhythmias, in the setting of myocardial fibrosis. The discipline of cardio‐oncology has developed in response to the combined decision making necessary to optimize the care of cancer patients, whether they are receiving active treatment or are long‐term survivors. Strategies to prevent or mitigate cardiovascular damage from cancer treatment are needed to provide the best cancer care. This review will focus on the common cardiovascular issues that may arise during or after cancer therapy, the detection and monitoring of cardiovascular injury, and the best management principles to protect against or minimize cardiotoxicity during the spectrum of cancer treatment strategies. CA Cancer J Clin 2016;66:309‐325. © 2016 American Cancer Society .
The Induction of Megakaryocyte Differentiation Is Accompanied by Selective Ser133 Phosphorylation of the Transcription Factor CREB in Both HEL Cell Line and Primary CD34+Cells
Authors: Giorgio Zauli, Davide Gibellini, Marco Vitale, Paola Secchiero, Claudio Celeghini, Alessandra Bassini, Sabina Pierpaoli, Marco Marchisio, Lia Guidotti, Silvano Capitani
Journal: Blood (1998)
Electron Microscopic and Bioassay Studies of Milk From Mice of High and Low Mammary-Cancer and High and Low Leukemia Strains&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Leon Dmochowski, P. L. Langford, W. C. Williams, A. G. Liebelt, R. A. Liebelt
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1968)

High-speed centrifugal pellets were prepared from defatted and decaseinated milk obtained from mice of 33 substrains of 15 different strains, 3 stocks, 2 germfree strains, and 2 hybrid lines with high or low incidence of mammary cancer and high or low incidence of leukemia. Electron microscopic studies were carried out on sections of these pellets, some of which were tested for tumor-inducing and hyperplastic nodule-inducing activity. Type-B virus particles were found in the milk of mice of high and of some low cancer strains. In addition, type-C virus particles and “signet-ring” particles were observed in some strains. A high degree of correlation was noted between the presence of type-B particles and tumor-inducing as well as nodule-inducing activity in RIII and A, high mammary-cancer strains, and to a lesser extent in Af and C3Hf, low cancer strains, and (C57 × Af)F1mice. A high degree of correlation was found in the milk of BALB/c and CBA mice, low mammary-cancer strains, between the absence of type-B particles and lack of tumor-inducing and nodule-inducing activity. Although no type-B particles could be found in C57BL milk, it showed high nodule-inducing activity. Milk from a substrain of AKR mice with medium leukemia incidence showed presence of type-B particles and tumor-inducing activity. Structures resembling lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) virus were found in several low cancer strains. Bioassays of milk samples from 2 of these strains failed, however, to reveal LDH virus activity.
Who Should Receive First-Line Folfirinox? Prognostic Factors in Locally Advanced or Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer Patients
Authors: K. Andrikou, A. Bittoni, A. Lanese, M. Santoni, C. Pellei, A. Conti, F. Aroldi, A. Brunetti, M. Russano, V. Vaccaro, N. Silvestris, M. Milella, D. Santini, A. Zaniboni, S. Cascinu
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Phase II trial of bevacizumab and fotemustine in recurrent grade III gliomas.
Authors: Riccardo Soffietti, Elisa Trevisan, Chiara Bosa, Luca Bertero, Roberta Ruda
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

2075 Background: Bevacizumab (BV) has shown activity in recurrent grade III gliomas, and few data are available on the combination of BV and nitrosoureas. Fotemustine (FTM) is a nitrosourea with elevated lipophilic properties. Methods: In this phase II study patients with grade III gliomas recurrent after surgery, radiation therapy and concomitant/adjuvant temozolomide were eligible. The treatment consisted of an induction phase with BV at 10mg/kg intravenously on day 1 and 15 and FTM at 75mg/m2 intravenously on day 1 and 8, followed after a 3 week interval by a maintenance phase with BV 10mg/kg and FTM 75mg/m2 every 3 weeks until tumor progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients had undergone clinical and MRI assessment 1 month after the start of treatment and thereafter every 2 months. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival at 6 months (PFS-6), whereas secondary end-points were response rate (RR), based on RANO criteria, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and safety. Results: From May 2008 to September 2011, 32 patients (males 23, females 9, median age 46) were enrolled. PFS-6, PFS -12 and median PFS were 31%, 7% and 5 months (range: 1-43+), respectively. OS-6, OS-12 and median OS were 78%, 37.8% and 8.6 months (3.5-43+), respectively. Response rates were as follows: 4 CR (12.5%), 12 PR (37.5%), 14 SD (44%) and 2 PD (6%). A significant neurological improvement was observed in 48% of symptomatic patients, being steroids reduced or withdrawn in 83% of patients. 29/32 (91%) patients have progressed and patterns of tumor progression were local in 20 (69%), multicentric in previous multicentrinc tumors in 5 (17%), gliomatosis-like in 3 (10%) and local plus leptomeningeal seeding in 1 (4%). 23/29 patients had salvage treatment after failure. Toxicities after BV were as expected; 5 patients interrupted FTM for grade III-IV myelotoxicity. We did not observe any additional toxicity from the combination. Conclusions: The combination of bevacizumab and fotemustine in grade III gliomas recurrent after standard treatment seems to have some activity.
Treatment of aggressive fibromatosis with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin: The Royal Marsden Hospital experience
Authors: A. Constantinidou, M. Scurr, R. Jones, O. Al-Muderis, I. Judson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

10519 Background: Aggressive fibromatosis (AF) or desmoid tumors are monoclonal proliferations which are locally invasive but do not metastasise. Sporadic tumors are usually associated with mutations in the beta-catenin gene CTNNB1whereas those occurring in the context of familial adenomatous polyposis usually have inactivating mutations in APC. Histologically they are characterised by nuclear expression of beta-catenin. When surgery and radiotherapy are not applicable or fail to control the disease, systemic treatment with anti-oestrogens, non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and chemotherapy can be used. A variety of regimens are reported to have activity including methotrexate/vinblastine and doxorubicin/dacarbazine. Recent reports indicate that single agent pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (Caelyx, C) is also effective. Methods: Ten patients with AF received C between June 2006 and December 2008. C was administered intravenously at 50 mg/m 2 over 1 hour every 4 weeks. Results: The female/male ratio was 9:1 and the median age at presentation was 39.5 years (range 18–53). All patients had progressive fibromatosis. Fifty percent had previously been treated with surgery/radiotherapy or both. All but one had previous systemic therapy which comprised tamoxifen/toremifene (6), NSAIDs (1), chemotherapy (1) and imatinib (1). C was well tolerated with mucositis (6/10), palmar-plantar erythema (4/10) and fatigue (2/10) being the main toxicities. A dose reduction to 40 mg/m 2 was required in 50% of cases hence the optimal dose lies between 40 and 50 mg/m 2 . One patient is currently receiving treatment and is too early to assess. For the nine patients who have completed treatment the median number of C cycles was 6 (range 4–6). Objective response according to RECIST was achieved in 4/10 patients and in 5 patients the best response was stable disease. Clinical benefit (pain relief, improved mobility) was observed in all patients. The duration of response ranged from 4 to 28 months. Conclusions: This is the largest series of patients with AF receiving C presented to date. C as single agent therapy has acceptable toxicity and highly promising activity in unresectable AF and may provide long term clinical benefit in some patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Functional Mitral Regurgitation
Authors: Y Otsuji, M D Handschumacher, A Kisanuki, C Tei, R A Levine
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1968)

Functional MR is an important complication, which adversely affects the prognosis of patients with ischemic heart disease or global LV dysfunction. Two-dimensional Doppler echocardiography is a noninvasive and useful method for the diagnosis of functional MR. However, the pathophysiology of functional MR is not yet established, therefore, extensive investigations are necessary to understand its basic mechanism and establish effective and practical method for the prevention and treatment of functional MR.
Tumorigenicity Assays in Nonhuman Primates Treated With Antithymocyte Globulin
Authors: John C. Petricciani, Ruth L. Kirschstein, James E. Hines, Roslyn E. Wallace, David P. Martin
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

African green and rhesus monkeys treated with antithymocyte globulin were used to test for the tumorigenic potential of 4 cell lines derived from human neoplasms and from a variety of other sources with differing characteristics. Cells of neoplastic origin and those transformed with virus were tumorigenic in this test system, whereas the other cell types evidenced no tumor formation. The results suggest that the nonhuman primate conditioned with antithymocyte globulin can be a useful system to assess the tumorigenic potential of cells for man.