tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Relationship Between Monocytosis and T-Lymphocyte Function in Human Cancer2
Authors: Gary W. Wood, James E. Neff, Ronald Stephens
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

This study was designed to: 1) determine the relative number of monocytes in mononuclear cell suspensions derived from the peripheral blood of cancer patients and 2) ascertain if any relationship existed between the numbers of monocytes in those cell suspensions and T-lymphocyte function. Monocytes were quantitated by morphology verified by phagocytosis of antibody-coated erythrocytes. A significant difference (P less than or equal to 0.01) existed between the number of monocytes in suspensions from normal individuals (26.2 +/- 4.3) and cancer patients (38.0 +/- 13.4). The cancer patients were divided into 2 groups: 1) those who exhibited normal in vitro T-cell responses to phytohemagglutinin and 2) those in whom responses were significantly suppressed. The mean number of monocytes in suspensions from the cancer patient group with normal responses was 29 +/- 9, whereas that from the cancer patients with suppressed responses was 47 +/- 11, a highly significant difference (P less than or equal to 0.01). Therefore, the study demonstrated two things: 1) Mononuclear cell suspensions derived from cancer patients exhibited significant monocytosis relative to those from normal individuals and 2) a strong correlation existed between monocytosis and suppressed T-lymphocyte function in vitro.
Association of Vitamin D Levels With Outcome in Patients With Melanoma After Adjustment For C-Reactive Protein
Authors: Shenying Fang, Dawen Sui, Yuling Wang, Huey Liu, Yi-Ju Chiang, Merrick I. Ross, Jeffrey E. Gershenwald, Janice N. Cormier, Richard E. Royal, Anthony Lucci, Jennifer Wargo, Mimi I. Hu, Julie M. Gardner, John D. Reveille, Roland L. Bassett, Qingyi Wei, Christopher I. Amos, Jeffrey E. Lee
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

To evaluate for an association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (vitamin D) and outcome measures in patients with melanoma after evaluation is controlled for systemic inflammatory response (SIR) on the basis of simultaneous C-reactive protein (CRP) measurement.Plasma samples from 1,042 prospectively observed patients with melanoma were assayed for vitamin D and CRP. The associations of demographics and CRP with vitamin D were determined, followed by a determination of the association between vitamin D and stage and outcome measures from the date of blood draw. The vitamin D level was considered sufficient if it was 30 to 100 ng/mL. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were performed.The median vitamin D level was 25.0 ng/mL. The median follow-up time was 7.1 years. A lower vitamin D was associated with the blood draw during fall/winter months (P < .001), older age (P = .001), increased CRP (P < .001), increased tumor thickness (P < .001), ulcerated tumor (P = .0105), and advanced melanoma stage (P = .0024). On univariate analysis, lower vitamin D was associated with poorer overall (OS; P < .001), melanoma-specific survival (MSS; P = .0025), and disease-free survival (DFS; P = .0466). The effect of vitamin D on these outcome measures persisted after adjustment for CRP and other covariates. Multivariable hazards ratios per unit decrease of vitamin D were 1.02 for OS (95% CI, 1.01 to 1.04; P = .0051), 1.02 for MSS (95% CI, 1.00 to 1.04; P = .048), and 1.02 for DFS (95% CI, 1.00 to 1.04; P = .0427).Lower vitamin D levels in patients with melanoma were associated with poorer outcomes. Although lower vitamin D was strongly associated with higher CRP, the associations of lower vitamin D with poorer OS, MSS, and DFS were independent of this association. Investigation of mechanisms responsible for these associations may be of value to patients with melanoma.
BMET-40NANO PLATFORM FOR DYNAMIC IN VIVO TRACKING OF NEURAL STEM CELLS TO BRAIN METASTASES OF BREAST CANCER
Authors: Dou Yu, Shih-Hsun Cheng, Hsiu-Ming Tsai, Deepak Kanojia, Lara Leoni, Karen Aboody, Chin-Tu Chen, Maciej Lesniak, Irina Balyasnikova
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

INTRODUCTION: Brain metastases of breast cancer (BMBC) are the leading cause of brain malignancy and mortality in women with limited therapeutic options. Recent innovations by our group have demonstrated a novel BMBC-targeted therapeutic modality utilizing a human neural stem cell (hNSC) line approved by FDA for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) therapy. Here we report a nano tracing strategy to expand the therapeutic scope of hNSCs by incorporating Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles (MSNs) labeled with radioisotopes for Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT), thus establishing the feasibility of real-time tracking of therapeutic hNSCs in preclinical models of BMBC, and enabling the multifaceted theranostic platform. METHODS: To establish brain metastasis models, intracardiac injection of metastatic breast cancer cells (MDA-MB231-BrM2 expressing firefly luciferase/fluc; 2.5x105 cells/200 µl PBS) was performed in female nude mice. Weekly bioluminescence imaging (BLI) was done to track the development of BMBC. MSNs were synthesized and radiolabeled with 111In for hNSC loading and SPECT imaging. Labeled hNSCs were then delivered either locally via intracranial microinjection (5x105 cells) or systemically via intracardiac injection (3x106 cells). MicroSPECT/CT imaging was performed for tracking NSCs at various time points. The brains were then collected and processed for histology and immunocytochemistry verification. RESULTS: In the intracranial models, SPECT/CT shows dynamic migration of 111In-MSN-labeled hNSCs towards the strong fluc+ BMBC. The distribution patterns of NSCs reflects those of BMBC. In the systemic models, effective extravasation of hNSCs from circulation to BMBC sites 48 h after injection was also confirmed. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate a novel nano material-based strategy to achieve sensitive and real-time tracking of migratory hNSCs targeting BMBC. Integration of multi-modal imaging co-registration allowing for simultaneous visualization of BMBC and stem cells will greatly enhance our knowledge of the behaviors of therapeutic stem cells in the brain.
Damaging Effect of Dietary Components to Colon Epithelial Cells In Vivo: Effect of Mutagenic Heterocyclic Amines&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Ranjana P. Bird, W. Robert Bruce
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)

The nuclear damaging effects of the mutagenic heterocyclic amines 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido(4,3-b)indole [(Trp-P-1) CAS: 62450-06-0; 1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido(4,3-b)indol-3-amine], 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido(4,3-b)indole [(Trp-P-2) CAS: 62450-07-1; 1-methyl-5H-pyrido(4,3-b)indol-3-amine], 2-amino-6-methyldipyrido(1,2-a:3′,2′-d)imidazole [(Glu-P-1) CAS: 67730-11-4; 6-methyldipyrido(1,2-a:3′,2′-d)imidazol-2-amine], 2-amino-3-methylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoline [(IQ) CAS: 76180-96-6; 3-methyl-3H-imidazo(4,5-f)quinolin-2-amine], and 2-amino-3,4-di-methylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoline (MelQ) on colon epithelial cells of C57BL/6J mice were investigated. The numbers of nuclear aberrations (NA) per crypt was determined 24 hours after oral administration of these amines at various dose levels. Trp-P-1, Trp-P-2, and Glu-P-T increased the incidence of NA approximately twofold to threefold above the background level (0.15 NA/crypt) even at near-lethal dose levels. However, IQ and MelQ increased the incidence fivefold to tenfold at nonlethal dose levels ranging from 200 to 800 mg/kg body weight and from 50 to 200 mg/kg body weight, respectively. IQ intubation in the morning (11 a.m.) produced the maximum response in 24 hours, whereas intubation in the evening (7 p.m.) produced maximum response in 12 hours. The colon-specific toxicity of the heterocyclic amines at approximately 35% of their maximum tolerated dose levels was in the order of MelQ>IQ>Trp-P-2>Trp-P-1≥Glu-P-1.
Unique Requirements for Clonal Growth1
Authors: Richard G. Ham
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Journal Article Unique Requirements for Clonal Growth Get access Richard G. Ham Richard G. Ham 2Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colo. 80302. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 53, Issue 5, November 1974, Pages 1459–1463, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/53.5.1459 Published: 01 November 1974
Interim Results of a Randomized Controlled Phase III Trial of Elective Nodal Irradiation Plus Erlotinib Combined with Chemotherapy for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (Nct00686114)
Authors: S. Wu, X. Zhang, B. Xia, H. Luo, J. Li, A. Zheng, C. Xie, L. Wang, W. Hu, X. Lian, D. Du, M. Chen, X. Bian, B. Tan, Z. Hui, F. Zhao, Z. Tian, H. Liu, K. Huang, J. Hu
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Myeloma Cell Dynamics in Response to Treatment Supports a Model of Hierarchical Differentiation and Clonal Evolution
Authors: Min Tang, Rui Zhao, Helgi van de Velde, Jennifer G. Tross, Constantine Mitsiades, Suzanne Viselli, Rachel Neuwirth, Dixie-Lee Esseltine, Kenneth Anderson, Irene M. Ghobrial, Jesús F. San Miguel, Paul G. Richardson, Michael H. Tomasson, Franziska Michor
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Purpose: Since the pioneering work of Salmon and Durie, quantitative measures of tumor burden in multiple myeloma have been used to make clinical predictions and model tumor growth. However, such quantitative analyses have not yet been performed on large datasets from trials using modern chemotherapy regimens. Experimental Design: We analyzed a large set of tumor response data from three randomized controlled trials of bortezomib-based chemotherapy regimens (total sample size n = 1,469 patients) to establish and validate a novel mathematical model of multiple myeloma cell dynamics. Results: Treatment dynamics in newly diagnosed patients were most consistent with a model postulating two tumor cell subpopulations, "progenitor cells" and "differentiated cells." Differential treatment responses were observed with significant tumoricidal effects on differentiated cells and less clear effects on progenitor cells. We validated this model using a second trial of newly diagnosed patients and a third trial of refractory patients. When applying our model to data of relapsed patients, we found that a hybrid model incorporating both a differentiation hierarchy and clonal evolution best explains the response patterns. Conclusions: The clinical data, together with mathematical modeling, suggest that bortezomib-based therapy exerts a selection pressure on myeloma cells that can shape the disease phenotype, thereby generating further inter-patient variability. This model may be a useful tool for improving our understanding of disease biology and the response to chemotherapy regimens. Clin Cancer Res; 22(16); 4206–14. ©2016 AACR.
New Design Of Human T-ALL Transplantation In NSG Mice Uncovers The Major Role Of CD31/PECAM1 In The Central Nervous System Infiltration
Authors: Sandrine Poglio, Anne-Laure Bauchet, José Ramon Pineda, Caroline Deswarte, Thierry Leblanc, André Baruchel, Paola Ballerini, Judith Landman-Parker, Iannis Aifantis, François Boussin, Françoise Pflumio
Journal: Blood (2013)
We help each other: primary prevention for the widowed
Authors: W F McCourt, R D Barnett, J Brennen, A Becker
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1976)

The authors describe the inception and evolution of a program of primary prevention directed at widowed men and women. The program has four major components-the widowed (telephone) line, home visits, social gatherings, and community seminars. The various roles that the counselor plays in the program are illustrated in a case report. An informal follow-up survey of 100 participants in the program revealed that the vast majority of those served felt the program was of benefit to them.
Parity and Colorectal Cancer Risk in Women&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: T Byers, S Graham, M Swanson
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

A case-control study is reported of reproductive history and colorectal cancer risk based on information obtained from interviews with white women 40--79 years old who were admitted to Roswell Park Memorial Institute between the years 1957 and 1965. Women with the primary diagnosis of carcinoma of the colon (n = 284) and carcinoma of the rectum (n = 270) did not differ significantly in their prior reproductive histories as compared to those of a control group of women (n = 1,763) with nonneoplastic diseases not affecting the breast or reproductive sites. The peritinent literature suggesting a parity--colorectal cancer association in women is reviewed. The conclusion reached is that the evidence for a parity-colorectal cancer association is equivocal; but that if such an association exists, it is probably weaker than that seen for cancers of the breast, ovary, and uterine corpus.
Influence of Hormone-Secreting Pituitary Tumors on RNA Biosynthesis in Rat Anterior Pituitary 2
Authors: Robert M. Macleod, Joyce E. Lehmeyer
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Journal Article Influence of Hormone-Secreting Pituitary Tumors on RNA Biosynthesis in Rat Anterior Pituitary Get access Robert M. Macleod, Robert M. Macleod 3Portions of this investigation were conducted while R. M. M. was a recipient of Research Career Development Award CA07665 from the National Cancer Institute. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Joyce E. Lehmeyer Joyce E. Lehmeyer 4Department of Internal Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Va. 22901. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 52, Issue 3, March 1974, Pages 821–828, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/52.3.823 Published: 01 March 1974 Article history Received: 09 August 1973 Accepted: 23 October 1973 Published: 01 March 1974
Phase I trial of bortezomib (VELCADE), cisplatin and radiotherapy for advanced head and neck cancer
Authors: G. J. Kubicek, M. Machtay, R. A. Axelrod, W. J. Curran, W. M. Keane, R. Anne, G. Mallon, T. Myers, A. P. Dicker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

6028 Background: The proteasome inhibitor bortezomib (VELCADE) has radiosensitzing properties, as well as preclinical activity against head and neck cancer (HNC). Thus, we developed a phase I trial of bortezomib, cisplatin and radiotherapy (XRT) for advanced HNC. Methods: Eligible patients had local-regionally advanced HNC, with disease states for which no standard chemo-XRT regimen exists (e.g. reirradiation or salivary gland cancer). Patients had performance status 0 or 1, good hematologic and renal reserve, and no pre-existing grade >2 peripheral neuropathy. XRT was given once daily continuous course for at least two weeks. Cisplatin was given once weekly at 30 mg/m2/wk. Bortezomib was given on days 1, 4, 8, and 11 of a 21-day cycle, starting Day 1 of XRT. The initial starting dose of bortezomib was 0.7 mg/m2, with planned escalation levels of 1.0 mg/m2 and 1.3 mg/m2. Dose escalation was performed only after 3–6 evaluable patients at the previous dose level were assessed > 30 days to rule out any dose limiting toxicity (DLTs), defined as Grade 4–5 toxicity or Grade 3 toxicity that was both attributable to bortezomib and required hospitalization. Results: Seventeen patients with previously untreated local-regionally advanced (5 patients) or recurrent/previously irradiated (12 patients) HNC were enrolled. All patients completed XRT as planned (median dose 62 Gy); the median number of doses of bortezomib received was 7. There were no Grade 5 toxicities. There were no DLTs in 7 patients enrolled in Dose Level I (0.7 mg/m2), nor in 6 patients enrolled in Dose Level II (1.0 mg/m2). In Dose Level III (1.3 mg/m2), one DLT occurred in the first 3 evaluable patients (asymptomatic Grade 4 thrombocytopenia). Grade 3 toxicities were common at all dose levels (9 of 16 evaluable patients) but most were attributable to XRT/cisplatin (e.g. mucositis) and not considered DLTs. There was no clinically significant peripheral neuropathy (Grade >2). Eleven (73%) of 15 evaluable patients were free of progression at one month post-treatment. Conclusion: Bortezomib in combination with XRT and weekly cisplatin is feasible and active. The MTD is at least 1.0 mg/m2. Accrual continues at Dose Level III (1.3 mg/m2) and mature data regarding safety/toxicity will be presented. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Infliximab Versus Adalimumab in the Treatment of Refractory Inflammatory Uveitis: A Multicenter Study From the French Uveitis Network
Authors: Hélène Vallet, Pascal Seve, Lucie Biard, Jean Baptiste Fraison, Philip Bielefeld, Laurent Perard, Boris Bienvenu, Sébastien Abad, Aude Rigolet, Alban Deroux, Damien Sene, Antoinette Perlat, Isabelle Marie, Elodie Feurer, Eric Hachulla, Olivier Fain, Gaëlle Clavel, Sophie Riviere, Pierre-Alban Bouche, Julie Gueudry, Gregory Pugnet, Phuc Le Hoang, Matthieu Resche Rigon, Patrice Cacoub, Bahram Bodaghi, David Saadoun
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2016)

Objective To analyze the factors associated with response to anti–tumor necrosis factor (anti‐TNF) treatment and compare the efficacy and safety of infliximab (IFX) and adalimumab (ADA) in patients with refractory noninfectious uveitis. Methods This was a multicenter observational study of 160 patients (39% men and 61% women; median age 31 years [interquartile range 21–42]) with uveitis that had been refractory to other therapies, who were treated with anti‐TNF (IFX 5 mg/kg at weeks 0, 2, 6, and then every 5–6 weeks [n = 98] or ADA 40 mg every 2 weeks [n = 62]). Factors associated with complete response were assessed by multivariate analysis. Efficacy and safety of IFX versus ADA were compared using a propensity score approach with baseline characteristics taken into account. Subdistribution hazard ratios (SHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated. Results The main etiologies of uveitis included Behçet's disease (BD) (36%), juvenile idiopathic arthritis (22%), spondyloarthropathy (10%), and sarcoidosis (6%). The overall response rate at 6 and 12 months was 87% (26% with complete response) and 93% (28% with complete response), respectively. The median time to complete response was 2 months. In multivariate analysis, BD and occurrence of &gt;5 uveitis flares before anti‐TNF initiation were associated with complete response to anti‐TNF (SHR 2.52 [95% CI 1.35–4.71], P = 0.004 and SHR 1.97 [95% CI 1.02–3.84], P = 0.045, respectively). Side effects were reported in 28% of patients, including serious adverse events in 13%. IFX and ADA did not differ significantly in terms of occurrence of complete response (SHR 0.65 [95% CI 0.25–1.71], P = 0.39), serious side effects (SHR 0.22 [95% CI 0.04–1.25], P = 0.089), or event‐free survival (SHR 0.55 [95% CI 0.28–1.08], P = 0.083). Conclusion Anti‐TNF treatment is highly effective in refractory inflammatory uveitis. BD is associated with increased odds of response. IFX and ADA appear to be equivalent in terms of efficacy.
Abstract 17799: Role Of Interleukin-1 In Acute Radiation-induced Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Eleonora Mezzaroma, Stefano Toldo, Robert J Cardnell, Benjamin W Van Tassell, Ross B Mikkelsen, David A Gewirtz, Antonio Abbate
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Mediastinal irradiations (XRT) in cancer treatment are associated with development of cardiomyopathy. Radiation-induced cardiomyopathy is characterized by a latent phase. In mice, an impaired contractile reserve arises early after XRT despite a normal resting cardiac function. XRT induces interleukin-1 (IL-1) in the heart and lungs. We propose to investigate the mechanistic role of IL-1 in the development of XRT-induced cardiomyopathy.

Methods: We irradiated (14Gy, single dose) the thorax of C57BL/6J wild type (wt) mice or IL-1 receptor type I knock out mice (IL-1RI KO, which are not responsive to IL-1)(N=12/group). Wt- and KO-sham irradiated mice were used as controls. The serum levels of cardiac Troponin I (cTnI) were measured by ELISA 3 days after XRT and RT-PCR was used to measure IL-1 beta (IL-1β) mRNA. Left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) was evaluated by echocardiography at baseline and 3 days following XRT. The beta-adrenergic receptor agonist isoproterenol (10 ng/mouse) was used to measure the contractile reserve (LVEF change).

Results: XRT induced IL-1β mRNA in wt compared to sham-irradiated mice (data not shown). Serum levels of cTnI after XRT were significantly lower in KO vs wt mice (1.04±0.4 ng/ml KO vs 4.6±1.5 ng/ml wt, P=0.037, Figure A). Resting LVEF at 3 days was unchanged in both wt and IL-1RI KO mice after XRT, whereas contractile reserve was significantly reduced in wt but not in KO mice (+16.0±4.1% wt vs +28.6±3.0% KO; P=0.046, Figure B).

Conclusions: IL-1 amplifies myocardial damage during the acute phase of XRT-induced cardiomyopathy. IL-1 blockade may represent a novel therapeutic strategy to protect the heart following XRT. . 

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Therapy for childhood soft-tissue sarcomas other than rhabdomyosarcoma: a review of 62 cases treated at a single institution.
Authors: M E Horowitz, C B Pratt, B L Webber, H O Hustu, E Etcubanas, J Miliauskas, B N Rao, I D Fleming, A P Mahesh Kumar, A A Green
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1986)

The rarity and diverse characteristics of the nonrhabdomyosarcomatous soft-tissue sarcomas (NRSTS) in children have hindered study of their clinical presentations and response to therapy. Here we describe the findings of a retrospective analysis of 62 cases of NRSTS seen in a single institution from 1962 through 1983. The most common histopathologic diagnosis was synovial sarcoma, occurring in 18 patients, followed by malignant schwannoma in 12. The median age at diagnosis was 11 years (range, 2 months to 20 years). Anatomic sites of primary tumors were the trunk (28), extremity (24), and head and neck (10). Of the 31 patients whose tumors were completely resected, 26 (84%) survive with no evidence of disease. Postoperative chemotherapy, administered to nearly one half of this group, did not produce any demonstrable gains in survival. Only one of the 26 patients with local or metastatic gross tumor after resection survives. We conclude that an aggressive surgical approach is imperative in patients with NRSTS and that the contribution of other treatment modalities needs to be defined in a collaborative group trial.