tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Racial differences in E-cadherin expression and CpG methylation in prostate cancer
Authors: Deepa Pookot, Hiroaki Shiina, William W. Bassett, Jason W. Anast, Hideki Enokida, Madhavi Vetsa, Laura Z. Tabatabai, Christopher J. Kane, Peter R. Carroll, Rajvir Dahiya
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 45, 2004

4985 

Introduction and objective: African-Americans males are twice as likely as Caucasians to present with advanced stage prostate cancer. The prostate cancer mortality rate in African-American men is 2-3 fold higher than in Caucasian men of similar age. E-cadherin, a protein involved in cell adhesion, has been shown to be down-regulated in prostate cancer by promoter methylation. However, it is not clear if E-cadherin promoter methylation plays a role in race-related prostate cancer. We hypothesize that differential expression and CpG methylation of E-cadherin may be a race-related factor that influences the incidence and severity of prostate cancer. Methods: To test this hypothesis, we analyzed E-cadherin promoter methylation and protein expression in 105 prostate cancer samples obtained by radical prostatectomy from 32 African-American and 73 Caucasian men. E-cadherin promotor methylation was determined by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) and confirmed with direct DNA sequencing. E-cadherin protein expression was determined by immunohistochemistry. Results: E-cadherin methylation was present in 49.6% of all specimens. E-cadherin methylation was present in 45% of Caucasian and 53% of African-American prostate cancer specimens. Age of diagnosis, tumor stage and grade, and PSA were similar between African-American and Caucasian patients. African-Americans with E-cadherin methylation had higher PSAs than African-Americans with no methylation (12.1 vs. 6.5 ng/mL). E-cadherin protein expression, as determined by immunohistochemistry, inversely correlated with methylation in both racial groups (p=0.002). Conclusion: E-cadherin promoter CpG methylation correlates with decreased protein expression. Among African-Americans, E-cadherin promotor methylation correlates with higher PSA levels; however, no such association was found in Caucasian patients. The results of these experiments may provide us with novel strategies for management of prostate cancer through methylation pathways.
Conditional cash transfers and uptake of and retention in prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission care: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Marcel Yotebieng, Harsha Thirumurthy, Kathryn E Moracco, Bienvenu Kawende, Jean Lambert Chalachala, Landry Kipula Wenzi, Noro Lantoniaina Rosa Ravelomanana, Andrew Edmonds, Deidre Thompson, Emile W Okitolonda, Frieda Behets
Journal: The Lancet HIV (2016)
Nitrosourea-Induced Brain Tumors: An In Vivo and In Vitro Tumor Model System&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Jun Yoshida, M.D., Humberto Cravioto, M.D.
 5
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1978)

The tumorigenicity of nitrosourea-induced neurinoma (induced transplacentally in an offspring of a pregnant CDF rat) and glioma (induced in a male CDF rat) was significantly increased following serial sc transplantation or serial in vitro subculture. After serial in vivo passage, the tumors could not be distinguished histologically from each other. By light microscopy, the appearance of culture cells, which were different in early passages, became indistinguishable after 20 in vitro serial passages. Electron microscopy, however, showed distinct cytologic differences between neurinoma and glioma cells after as many as 87 in vitro passages. The number of in vivo and in vitro passages required to obtain constant 100% tumorigenicity with a reproducible and consistent latency period varied with each tumor; neurinoma became constant at a much earlier in vivo or in vitro serial passage than did glioma. The tumorigenicity (in transplantation experiments) of these nitrosourea-induced tumors was classified into four grades: grade I, negative tumorigenicity; grade II, positive but not consistent tumorigenicity; grade III, consistent 100% tumorigenicity but erratic latency period for tumor appearance; and grade IV, consistent 100% tumorigenicity with consistent latency period for tumor appearance. In tumor transplantation experiments with this model, immunosuppression by nonlethal whole-body X-irradiation or neonatal thymectomy hastened significantly tumor appearance compared with that in nontreated controls.
Late-breaking abstract: Inhaled calcium salts reduce tobacco smoke induced airway inflammation and improve lung pathology
Authors: Jennifer Kenyon, Paul Woodman, Dianne Spicer, Paulette Wright, Vince Russell, Robert Clarke, David Hava
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Rationale:  Acute exacerbations (AE) of COPD are associated with bacterial and viral infection, however no available therapy broadly targets infection to prevent AEs. We have developed a novel host-targeted therapy based on the inhalation of dry powder (DP) calcium (Ca) salts that is broadly anti-infective and applicable to AE control. The goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of inhaled Ca salts on inflammation in an acute model of tobacco smoke (TS) exposure.   Methods:  C57BL6 mice were exposed to TS for 4d or 11d. Treatments with salt-based DP (40μmol/kg) were delivered by inhalation exposure. A p38 MAP kinase inhibitor (100μg/kg) was used as a positive control. Mice were euthanized 24h after the last TS exposure, BAL cells were quantified and histopathology performed.   Results:  In a 4d exposure model, treatment with Ca-based DP (PUR118) once daily 1h or 6h before TS reduced inflammatory cells [for 1h, macrophages (52%) and neutrophils (62%)] compared to control DP (p   Conclusions:  Ca-based DP reduced TS induced inflammation and improved lung pathology with equivalent efficacy to the p38 MAP kinase inhibitor. By targeting the infectious cause of AEs and baseline airway inflammation, inhaled Ca DP provides a novel multi-pronged approach for AE control.
The NRA Let Me Down
Authors: Paul Kettl
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clinical Significance Of Circulating Microparticles In Ph- Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPN)
Authors: Yue Han, Shixiang Zhao, Wenjuan Zhang, Jiannong Cen, Wei Zhang, Huiying Qiu, Aining Sun, Zhaoyue Wang, Changgeng Ruan, Wu Depei
Journal: Blood (2013)
Superiority of high-dose platinum (cisplatin and carboplatin) compared to carboplatin alone in combination chemotherapy for small-cell lung carcinoma: A prospective randomised trial of 280 consecutive patients
Authors: F.R. Hirsch, K. Østerlind, N. Jeppesen, P. Dombernowsky, S. Ingeberg, P. Grundtvig Sorensen, C. Kristensen, H.H. Hansen
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2001)
Managing tuberculosis in chronic kidney disease: An evaluation of patient treatment regimens
Authors: Alexandra Riding, Paramita Palchaudhuri, Parvin Begum, Marlies Ostermann, Heather Milburn
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction: Balancing side effects against effective tuberculosis (TB) treatment in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) can be difficult leading to variations in management. We reviewed patients with CKD and TB to investigate compliance with new treatment guidelines by the British Thoracic Society. 1

Methods: Retrospective review of patient case notes with CKD who developed TB between 1994-2010 in a single tertiary hospital. Categories included drug dosage, side effects, treatment duration, respiratory team input and outcome.

Results: We reviewed the notes of 40 patients. 11 had incomplete data. In 73% (52/71) of prescriptions dosing regimens were consistent with BTS guidelines. Errors included over-dosing of Rifater and Isoniazid in 2 patients, and under-dosing of ethambutol and isoniazid in 13 patients. Daily dosing of ethambutol (10/14) and pyrazinamide (10/12) in haemodialysis patients was common and not ideal. Side effects were recorded in 22/29 patients: 3 rifampicin, 5 isoniazid, 3 ethambutol, 4 pyrazinamide, 1 streptomycin and 6 to any/combination drugs. Increased treatment duration (12/29 cases) due to side effects was common. All patients were cured and 23/29 (79%) received specialist respiratory physician input.

Conclusion: Management of TB in CKD patients was variable. Side effects from anti- TB drugs were common. Overall outcome was good, but not all patients received respiratory physician input. The new BTS guidelines for drug regimens will hopefully standardise management of CKD patients with TB.

1.BTS Standards of Care Committee, Guidelines for the prevention and management of Mycobacterium TB infection and disease in adult patients with CKD. Thorax 2010: 65: 559-570
The first century of cancer chemotherapy.
Authors: S Hellman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1998.16.7.2295 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 9667241 The first century of cancer chemotherapy. S HellmanxS HellmanSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1998.16.7.2295 PDF "The first century of cancer chemotherapy.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 16(7), pp. 2295–2296© 1998 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
<i>Moon</i>
Authors: Thomas B. Cole
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Brief Communication: Immunodiagnosis of Acute Leukemia: Detection of Residual Disease2
Authors: Jordan U. Gutterman, Giora Mavligit, Michael A. Burgess, Kenneth B. McCredie, Carol Hunter, E. J. Freireich, Evan M. Hersh
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Bone marrow cells from 25 adult patients with acute leukemia in complete remission were used to stimulate blastogenesis among autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes to detect residual leukemia among the marrow cells. Of 17 patients in remission whose peripheral blood lymphocytes failed to react to autologous remission bone marrow cells, 15 remained in complete remission (median = 10.5 months). In contrast, 5 of 8 patients in remission whose peripheral blood lymphocytes were stimulated by the bone marrow cells subsequently relapsed (median = 6.5 months). The difference in the relapse rate between the 2 groupswas statistically significant (P = 0.05). The use of this immunologic technique to detect minimal residual disease in apparently remission bone marrows should improve the treatment strategy for patients with acute leukemia.
Staging systems in neuroblastoma: which is best?
Authors: L C Bowman, V M Santana, A A Green, W L Furman, M L Hancock, W M Crist
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1991)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1991.9.1.189 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 1985168 Staging systems in neuroblastoma: which is best? L C BowmanxL C BowmanSearch for articles by this author , V M SantanaxV M SantanaSearch for articles by this author , A A GreenxA A GreenSearch for articles by this author , W L FurmanxW L FurmanSearch for articles by this author , M L HancockxM L HancockSearch for articles by this author , W M CristxW M CristSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1991.9.1.189 PDF "Staging systems in neuroblastoma: which is best?." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 9(1), pp. 189–191© 1991 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Abstract 11084: Prediction of Cause Specific Mortality in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy: A Competing Risk Model to Differentiate Sudden From Non-Sudden Cardiac Death
Authors: James A Fallavollita, Jonathan D Dare, Randolph L Carter, John M Canty
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Mortality in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy is usually due to cardiac causes; however, the mechanism of death is almost equally split between sudden, primarily arrhythmic events ...
A study of infusional cisplatin and infusional fluorouracil for locally advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer: a Mid-Atlantic Oncology Program study.
Authors: W Heim, G L Wampler, J J Lokich, H D Brereton, S J Scialla, F LaLuna, J D Ahlgren, J Nevin, J G Fryer, D Alt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1991)

A combination of cisplatin administered as a 24-hour infusion and fluorouracil administered as a 5-day infusion was used to treat 97 patients with non-small-cell lung (NSCLC) cancer in a phase II trial. Thirty patients had stage IIIB disease; 67 patients, stage IV disease (new international classification). Patients with stage IIIB disease also received thoracic radiation after chemotherapy. The regimen was well tolerated, with 24% or less grade 3 or greater toxicities of all types. One toxic death was attributed to fluid overload. The response rate, partial and complete, was 43% (95% confidence interval, 27% to 63%), and median survival was 13.8 months for patients with stage IIIB disease. Response rates refer to the chemotherapy response. For patients with stage IV disease, the response rate was 34% (95% confidence interval, 24% to 47%), and median survival was 6.2 months. On this regimen, stable-disease patients with stage IV disease had survivals at least equal to responders.
803-1 The number and adhesive properties of circulating endothelial progenitor cells in patients with in-stent restenosis
Authors: Hylton I Miller, Jacob George, Itzhak Herz, Emil Goldstein, Solicu Abshizada, Arik Finkelstein, Yoav Michowitz, Gad Keren
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Improving the diagnostic yield of PE using the BTS pathway: The experience of a UK district general hospital
Authors: Craig Batista, Timothy Ho
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

In 2003, the British Thoracic Society developed an algorithm for investigating PE, based on risk stratification (low, intermediate and high), selected D-Dimer use and Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiography (CTPA). For low and intermediate patients a negative D-Dimer is reliable in excluding PE, avoiding unnecessary irradiation. Despite this, the positive diagnostic yield within our organisation remains below 25%. To understand this low yield, we carried out a retrospective analysis of medical patients who underwent CTPA during November 2010.

Method: The medical records of all patients admitted with suspected PE who underwent CTPA were analysed. Each patient's risk was retrospectively scored according to BTS guidance and adherence to the BTS diagnostic pathway was noted.

Results: 37 patients underwent CTPA; 15 low, 14 intermediate and 8 high probability. 7 had PE (total 19%): 1 low (7%), 3 intermediate (21%) and 3 high probability (38%). A total of 5 low and intermediate patients did not have a D-Dimer before CTPA despite this being indicated. Of these, 4 did not have PE. Additionally, 3 intermediate patients underwent CTPA despite a negative D-dimer; none had PEs. 10 had no documented clinical features of PE (e.g. tachypnoea, tachycardia, hypoxaemia, shock, signs of right ventricular strain or unilateral leg swelling). 4 low and 5 intermediate probability patients had abnormal chest x-rays which retrospectively accounted for their symptoms (36%). In total, 18 patients (49%) followed a diagnostic route deviating from the BTS pathway.

Discussion: Our study suggests that adherence to BTS guidance may improve diagnostic rates for PE and reduce the number of inappropriate CTPAs.
Chimeric EWSR1-FLI1 regulates the Ewing sarcoma susceptibility gene EGR2 via a GGAA microsatellite
Authors: Thomas G P Grünewald, Virginie Bernard, Pascale Gilardi-Hebenstreit, Virginie Raynal, Didier Surdez, Marie-Ming Aynaud, Olivier Mirabeau, Florencia Cidre-Aranaz, Franck Tirode, Sakina Zaidi, Gaëlle Perot, Anneliene H Jonker, Carlo Lucchesi, Marie-Cécile Le Deley, Odile Oberlin, Perrine Marec-Bérard, Amélie S Véron, Stephanie Reynaud, Eve Lapouble, Valentina Boeva, Thomas Rio Frio, Javier Alonso, Smita Bhatia, Gaëlle Pierron, Geraldine Cancel-Tassin, Olivier Cussenot, David G Cox, Lindsay M Morton, Mitchell J Machiela, Stephen J Chanock, Patrick Charnay, Olivier Delattre
Journal: Nature Genetics (2015)
Families With Multiple Cases of Urinary System Tumors: Brief Communication
Authors: T. Petkova-Bocharova, I. N. Chernozemsky, I. G. Nikolov, I. S. Stoyanov
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

A study of three families living in villages with endemic nephropathy (EN) in Vratza district, Bulgaria, revealed 9 members with urinary system tumors (UST), 7 with UST and EN, and 7 with EN. Most cases were registered from 1962 to 1976. The predominant form was transitional cell neoplasms of the kidney pelvis and ureter in patients 40-60 years old. In about 40% of the patients more than one site in the urinary system was involved. One ovarian carcinoma was also registered in these families during this period. Persons related by marriage and coming from nonendemic families and villages were also affected by both diseases. In other branches of the three families living in other households or villages, only one case of EN was found.
Lack of Interferon Consensus Sequence Binding Protein (ICSBP) Transcripts in Human Myeloid Leukemias
Authors: Manuel Schmidt, Stefan Nagel, Jutta Proba, Christian Thiede, Markus Ritter, Jeffrey F. Waring, Frank Rosenbauer, Dieter Huhn, Burghardt Wittig, Ivan Horak, Andreas Neubauer
Journal: Blood (1998)
Genome-Wide Promoter Methylation Profiling Of Splenic Marginal Zone Lymphoma (SMZL) Identifies Two Subgroups Of Patients With Distinct Genetic and Biologic Features and Different Outcomes
Authors: Alberto J. Arribas, Andrea Rinaldi, Ivo Kwee, Afua A. Mensah, Luciano Cascione, Jose A. Martinez-Climent, David Oscier, Luca Arcaini, Luca Baldini, Roberto Marasca, Catherine Thieblemont, Jean Soulier, Francesco Forconi, Alberto Zamò, Massimiliano Bonifacio, Manuela Mollejo, Fabio Facchetti, Stephan Dirnhofer, Maurilio Ponzoni, Govind Bhagat, Miguel Angel A. Piris, Gianluca Gaidano, Emanuele Zucca, Davide Rossi, Francesco Bertoni
Journal: Blood (2013)
The role of systemic chemotherapy in adenocarcinomas of the appendix: Analysis of the National Cancer Database.
Authors: Elliot A. Asare, Carolyn C. Compton, Nader Hanna, Sanjay Kakar, Lauren Kosinski, Martin R. Weiser, Michael J. Overman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

668 Background: Adenocarcinomas of the appendix represent a heterogeneous disease depending upon the presence of mucinous histology, histologic grade, and stage. We sought to explore the interplay of these factors with systemic chemotherapy in a large population dataset. Methods: Patients in the National Cancer Data Base (NCDB) with mucinous, non-mucinous and signet-ring cell type appendiceal neoplasms from 1985-2006 were selected and American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 7 th edition stage was derived. Multivariable cox proportional hazards regression models to predict death using the available variables age, sex, histology, grade, stage, chemotherapy and surgery were developed. Results: 11,881 patients met our inclusion criteria: 50.3% mucinous, 40.5% non-mucinous and 9.2% signet ring cell. 5-yr OS was similar for mucinous (53.6%) and non-mucinous (46.2%), but differences in stage distribution existed with stage IV disease in 26.2% of mucinous vs. 10.6% of non-mucinous cases, p&lt;0.0001. 5-yr OS stratified by grade was similar across stage I-III disease but not for stage IV disease. Median OS for stage IV mucinous and non-mucinous histology was 6.4 and 2.3 for well differentiated (p&lt;0.0001), 2.5 and 1.0 for moderately differentiated (p&lt;0.0001), and 1.5 and 0.8 for poorly differentiated (p&lt;0.0001), respectively. In multivariable modeling for stage I-III disease, adjuvant chemotherapy improved OS for both mucinous and non-mucinous histologies: HR of 0.78 (0.68-0.89; p=0.0002) and 0.83 (0.74-0.94;p=0.002) respectively. For stage IV disease systemic chemotherapy was significant for non-mucinous 0.72 (0.64-0.82; p&lt;0.0001) but not mucinous 0.95 (0.86-1.04;p=0.2), though this was grade dependent. Median OS for chemotherapy vs. no chemotherapy was 6.4 vs. 6.5 yrs (P=1.0) for mucinous well differentiated and 1.6 vs. 1.0 yrs (P=0.0007) for mucinous poorly differentiated. Conclusions: Adjuvant chemotherapy demonstrated a significant OS benefit regardless of histology. However, for stage IV disease the benefit of systemic chemotherapy varied by histology and grade, with well differentiated mucinous appendiceal adenocarcinomas deriving no survival benefit from systemic chemotherapy.
Sharing Clinical Trial Data: A Proposal from the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors
Authors: Darren B. Taichman, Joyce Backus, Christopher Baethge, Howard Bauchner, Peter W. de Leeuw, Jeffrey M. Drazen, John Fletcher, Frank A. Frizelle, Trish Groves, Abraham Haileamlak, Astrid James, Christine Laine, Larry Peiperl, Anja Pinborg, Peush Sahni, Sinan Wu
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2016)

In a joint publication across 14 member journals, the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) proposes to require sharing of deidentified individual patient data underlying published clinical trials.
专家点评：改革创新 摸索新模式
Authors: 张晓林
Journal: BMJ (2007)

2006年国务院关于发展城市社区卫生的指导意见出台后，各级政府都加大了对社区卫生服务的补助经费，其中多是财政直接将经费补助给提供服务的社区卫生服务机构，这种模式对于长期处在饥渴状态下的社区卫生服务机构，的确在短时间内起到“久旱逢甘雨”的效果。对目前实行“收支两条线”的时机是否成熟有待商榷，因为尚存在着3个不到位，首先是社区卫生服务的管理者不到位，