tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Major Depression and Antidepressant Treatment: Impact on Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcomes
Authors: Katherine L. Wisner, Dorothy K.Y. Sit, Barbara H. Hanusa, Eydie L. Moses-Kolko, Debra L. Bogen, Diane F. Hunker, James M. Perel, Sonya Jones-Ivy, Lisa M. Bodnar, Lynn T. Singer
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2009)

Objective: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) use during pregnancy incurs a low absolute risk for major malformations; however, other adverse outcomes have been reported. Major depression also affects reproductive outcomes. This study examined whether 1) minor physical anomalies, 2) maternal weight gain and infant birth weight, 3) preterm birth, and 4) neonatal adaptation are affected by SSRI or depression exposure. Method: This prospective observational investigation included maternal assessments at 20, 30, and 36 weeks of gestation. Neonatal outcomes were obtained by blinded review of delivery records and infant examinations. Pregnant women (N=238) were categorized into three mutually exclusive exposure groups: 1) no SSRI, no depression (N=131); 2) SSRI exposure (N=71), either continuous (N=48) or partial (N=23); and 3) major depressive disorder (N=36), either continuous (N=14) or partial (N=22). The mean depressive symptom level of the group with continuous depression and no SSRI exposure was significantly greater than for all other groups, demonstrating the expected treatment effect of SSRIs. Main outcomes were minor physical anomalies, maternal weight gain, infant birth weight, pregnancy duration, and neonatal characteristics. Results: Infants exposed to either SSRIs or depression continuously across gestation were more likely to be born preterm than infants with partial or no exposure. Neither SSRI nor depression exposure increased risk for minor physical anomalies or reduced maternal weight gain. Mean infant birth weights were equivalent. Other neonatal outcomes were similar, except 5-minute Apgar scores. Conclusions: For depressed pregnant women, both continuous SSRI exposure and continuous untreated depression were associated with preterm birth rates exceeding 20%.
First evidence of occupational asthma to argan powder in a cosmetic factory
Authors: C. Paris, F. Herin, E. Penven, I. Thaon, C. Richard, S. Jacquenet, A. Barbaud, M. Poussel
Journal: Allergy (2015)

Argan is used worldwide in numerous cosmetic products, as this fruit is supposed to have many beneficial properties on health. New cases of allergy can be expected with the growing use of argan. We investigated all workers (9) employed by a cosmetic factory and exposed to argan powder to identify possible allergies related to exposure to argan powder.Patients were investigated in the occupational disease department and, according to their symptoms, underwent pulmonary function testing, methacholine challenge, specific inhalation challenge to argan powder, skin prick tests, and immunoblotting analysis.We report three cases of occupational asthma to argan powder and a probable case of rhinitis. Fifteen argan proteins were recognized by the patients' IgE. Identification of proteins, cross-reactions to nuts, and ELISA inhibition tests suggested that some argan allergens can cross-react in vitro with hazelnut allergens, including 11S globulin and vicilin.High-level exposure to argan powder should be considered to be a potential cause of IgE-mediated allergy, and workers handling argan powder should be carefully investigated.
Junior doctors' hours
Authors: T Ninan, J Robertson, M Wollens
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDITOR,--There is a lot in the press about junior doctors' hours at the moment, none of which is very joyful.1 We believe that the continuing failure to reduce hours in a way that is satisfactory to both junior and senior doctors and management is caused by several factors. Firstly, the present alternatives to on call work are full and partial shifts. The only full shift that is fully staffed that we …
Mannitol Challenge Test, Sputum Eosinophils and Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FENO) for Diagnosis of Asthma
Authors: Gyu-Young Hur, Jee Youn Oh, Jong-Hyun Choi, Jae-Kyeom Sim, Kyung Hoon Min, Sung-Yong Lee, Jae-Jeong Shim, Kyung-Ho Kang
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in the prevention and treatment of chronic renal damage in the hypertensive fawn-hooded rat.
Authors: G H Verseput, A P Provoost, B B Braam, J J Weening, H A Koomans
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1997)

The spontaneously hypertensive fawn-hooded rat (FHH) develops accelerated albuminuria and focal glomerular sclerosis (FGS), leading to ESRD and shortening of lifespan. The FHH is characterized by moderate systemic hypertension, a relatively low afferent to efferent arteriolar resistance ratio, and glomerular hypertension. The FHH study presented here was designed to examine the efficacy of early-onset, late-onset, or early-temporary angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibition (ACE-i) in ameliorating long-term hypertension and FGS, and improving survival, as well as to relate its protective efficacy to preexistent FGS and to reduction of glomerular pressure (PGC) Untreated rats developed hypertension and high PGC, and all (N = 22) except one died of ESRD within the 72-wk follow-up period. Early-onset (at 7 wk of age) ACE-i prevented development of systemic and glomerular hypertension, and it largely prevented proteinuria and FGS; all rats survived throughout the follow-up period. Rats treated with late-onset (22 wk) ACE-i were hypertensive and proteinuric at the start of ACE-i, and they showed beginning FGS. ACE-i corrected the hypertension, albuminuria, and PGC but could not fully prevent some hypertension, albuminuria, and FGS at the later stage. Early-temporary (7 to 22 wk) ACE-i adequately controlled blood pressure and development of FGS during therapy, but after withdrawal of ACE-i, systemic and glomerular hypertension developed as in untreated animals. This regimen postponed but did not control FGS development and early mortality. The results of this study indicate that: (1) early-onset ACE-i very effectively protects against development of renal damage in the FHH; (2) this protection is associated with normalization of the elevated glomerular capillary pressure; (3) ACE-i cannot completely prevent further development of previously established FGS, despite lowering glomerular capillary pressure; (4) early-temporary ACE-i has no long-term controlling effect on arterial and glomerular pressure, and it cannot control development of FGS.
Comparison of Basal-Bolus and Premixed Insulin Regimens in Hospitalized Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Virginia Bellido, Lorena Suarez, Maria Galiana Rodriguez, Cecilia Sanchez, Marta Dieguez, Maria Riestra, Florentino Casal, Elias Delgado, Edelmiro Menendez, Guillermo E. Umpierrez
Journal: Diabetes Care (2015)

OBJECTIVE Premixed insulin is a commonly prescribed formulation for the outpatient management of patients with type 2 diabetes. The safety and efficacy of premixed insulin formulations in the hospital setting is not known. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In a prospective, open-label trial, we randomized general medicine and surgery patients to receive a basal-bolus regimen with glargine once daily and glulisine before meals (n = 33) or premixed human insulin (30% regular insulin and 70% NPH insulin) twice daily (n = 39). Major outcomes included differences in daily blood glucose (BG) levels and frequency of hypoglycemic events (&amp;lt;70 mg/dL) between treatment groups. RESULTS At the first prespecified interim analysis, the study was stopped early because of an increased frequency of hypoglycemia &amp;gt;50% in patients treated with premixed human insulin. A total of 64% of patients treated with premixed insulin experienced one or more episodes of hypoglycemia compared with 24% in the basal-bolus group (P &amp;lt; 0.001). There were no differences in mean daily BG level after the first day of insulin treatment (175 ± 32 vs. 179 ± 43 mg/dL, P = 0.64) between groups. A BG target between 80 and 180 mg/dL before meals was achieved in 55.9% of BG readings in the basal-bolus group and 54.3% of BG readings in the premixed insulin group (P = 0.23). There was no difference in the length of hospital stay or mortality between treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS Inpatient treatment with premixed human insulin resulted in similar glycemic control but in significantly higher frequency of hypoglycemia compared with treatment with basal-bolus insulin regimen in hospitalized patients with diabetes.
International Comparisons to Assess Effects of Payment and Regulatory Changes in the United States on Anemia Practice in Patients on Hemodialysis: The Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study
Authors: Douglas S. Fuller, Brian A. Bieber, Ronald L. Pisoni, Yun Li, Hal Morgenstern, Tadao Akizawa, Stefan H. Jacobson, Francesco Locatelli, Friedrich K. Port, Bruce M. Robinson
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2015)

For years, erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) use among patients on dialysis was much higher in the United States than in Europe or Japan. Sweeping changes to dialysis reimbursement and regulatory policies for ESA in the United States in 2011 were expected to reduce ESA use and hemoglobin levels. We used the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS) data from 7129 patients in 223 in–center hemodialysis facilities (average per month) to estimate and compare time trends in ESA dose and hemoglobin levels among patients on hemodialysis in the United States, Germany, Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom, and Japan. From 2010 to 2013, substantial declines in ESA use and hemoglobin levels occurred in the United States but not in other DOPPS countries. Between August of 2010 and April of 2013, mean weekly ESA dose in the United States decreased 40.4% for black patients and 38.0% for nonblack patients; mean hemoglobin decreased from 11.5 g/dl in black patients and 11.4 g/dl in nonblack patients to 10.6 g/dl in both groups. In 2010 and 2013, adjusted weekly ESA doses per kilogram were 41% and 11% lower, respectively, in patients in Europe and 60% and 18% lower, respectively, in patients in Japan than in nonblack patients in the United States. Adjusted hemoglobin levels in 2010 and 2013 were 0.07 g/dl lower and 0.56 g/dl higher, respectively, in patients in Europe and 0.93 and 0.01 g/dl lower, respectively, in patients in Japan than in nonblack patients in the United States. In conclusion, ESA dosing reductions in the United States likely reflect efforts in response to changes in reimbursement policy and regulatory guidance.
Iodine-131-labeled antitenascin monoclonal antibody 81C6 treatment of patients with recurrent malignant gliomas: phase I trial results.
Authors: D D Bigner, M T Brown, A H Friedman, R E Coleman, G Akabani, H S Friedman, W L Thorstad, R E McLendon, S H Bigner, X G Zhao, C N Pegram, C J Wikstrand, J E Herndon, N A Vick, N Paleologos, I Cokgor, J M Provenzale, M R Zalutsky
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

PURPOSE To determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) of iodine 131 (131I)-labeled 81C6 monoclonal antibody (mAb) in brain tumor patients with surgically created resection cavities (SCRCs) and to identify any objective responses to this treatment. METHODS In this phase I trial, eligible patients were treated with a single injection of 131I-labeled 81C6. Cohorts of three to six patients were treated with escalating dosages of 131I (starting dose of 20 mCi with a 20-mCi escalation in subsequent cohorts) administered through an Ommaya reservoir in the SCRC. Patients were followed up for toxicity and response until death or for a minimum of 1 year after treatment. The SCRC patients, who were previously irradiated, were followed up without additional treatment unless progressive disease was identified. RESULTS We administered 36 treatments of 131I doses up to 120 mCi to 34 previously irradiated patients with recurrent or metastatic brain tumors. Dose-limiting toxicity was reached at 120 mCi and was limited to neurologic or hematologic toxicity. None of the patients treated with less than 120 mCi developed significant neurologic toxicity; one patient developed major hematologic toxicity (MHT). The estimated median survival for patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and for all patients was 56 and 60 weeks, respectively. CONCLUSION The MTD for administration of 131I-labeled 81C6 into the SCRCs of previously irradiated patients with recurrent primary or metastatic brain tumors was 100 mCi. The dose-limiting toxicity was neurologic toxicity. We are encouraged by the minimal toxicity and survival in this phase I trial. Radiolabeled mAbs may improve the current therapy for brain tumor patients.
Malignant lymphoma: cardiac involvement at initial presentation.
Authors: P S Gill, P A Chandraratna, P R Meyer, A M Levine
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1987)

Malignant lymphoma rarely involves the heart at initial presentation. We have cared for nine cases in the past 8 years. The median age was 45 years (range, 27 to 68). Initial presenting symptoms included chest pain in four, gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in three, and constitutional "B" symptoms in two. Echocardiography was the most useful noninvasive procedure, and was abnormal in the eight cases studied. Echocardiographic findings included pericardial effusion in six, and mass lesions within the heart in five. Morphologically, the lymphoma was high-grade small noncleaved in four, immunoblastic sarcoma in one, and diffuse large-cell type in four. Clinical staging workup revealed widely disseminated disease in seven. In spite of multiagent chemotherapy, survival was short (median, 1.5 months). Interestingly, four of these patients were homosexual or bisexual men, who fulfill the criteria for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).
Abstract 3230: Human stem cell-based model of MYCN-driven neuroblastoma
Authors: Miller Huang, Lauren K. McHenry, Matthew L. Miller, Grace E. Kim, Branden S. Moriarity, Yuichiro Miyaoka, Marianne E. Bronner, David A. Largaespada, Bruce R. Conklin, Hanlee P. Ji, John M. Maris, Katherine K. Matthay, William A. Weiss
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Neuroblastoma (NB), a disease of neural crest (NC) origin, is the most common extracranial solid tumor in childhood. High-risk NB patients represent the subgroup with the worst prognosis and frequently harbor amplification of MYCN. Due to its biochemical structure as a transcription factor, MYCN has been difficult to target directly with small molecules. Alternatively, identification of cooperating partners of MYCN-induced tumorigenesis can reveal a more therapeutically viable target, such as anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK). While genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) of NB driven by MYCN and ALK exist, recent studies have found significant differences between mouse models of disease and the human tumors they are intended to represent. In support of this, mouse and human NC cells differ in development and marker expression, and the genetic requirement for transformation of human cells has been shown to be more complex than mouse cells, suggesting that a human cell-based NB model would be more relevant. To develop a human cell-based model of NB, we started with a normal human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell line derived integration-free from a healthy adult and transduced empty vector, ALK F1174L (active mutant), doxycycline-inducible MYCN (DOX-MYCN), or ALK F1174L/DOX-MYCN. These iPS cells were differentiated towards NC cells and subsequently implanted orthotopically into renal capsules of mice fed on dox chow. Within 3 months, 60% of mice developed tumors with ALK F1174L/DOX-MYCN, 10% with DOX-MYCN, and 0% with both empty vector and ALK F1174L alone. Tumors were transplantable and demonstrated histologic characteristics consistent with NB, including morphology and expression markers. Thus, we are demonstrating the first, to our knowledge, human stem cell-based model of NB. We are using this system to further investigate similarities and differences with GEMMs of NB, test and establish novel candidate drivers of NB, and evaluate potential therapeutic options. Citation Format: Miller Huang, Lauren K. McHenry, Matthew L. Miller, Grace E. Kim, Branden S. Moriarity, Yuichiro Miyaoka, Marianne E. Bronner, David A. Largaespada, Bruce R. Conklin, Hanlee P. Ji, John M. Maris, Katherine K. Matthay, William A. Weiss. Human stem cell-based model of MYCN-driven neuroblastoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 3230. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-3230
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in patients with neutropenic fever is potent after low-risk but not after high-risk neutropenic chemotherapy regimens: results of a randomized phase III trial.
Authors: A Ravaud, C Chevreau, L Cany, P Houyau, N Dohollou, H Roché, P Soubeyran, F Bonichon, J Mihura, H Eghbali, I Tabah, B N Bui
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

PURPOSE A randomized unblinded phase III trial was designed to determine the ability of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) to accelerate recovery from febrile neutropenia induced by chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 68 patients with febrile neutropenia following chemotherapy defined as axillary temperature greater than 38 degrees C and absolute neutrophil count (ANC) less than 1 x 10(9)/L were included. After stratification for high- and low-risk chemotherapy to induce febrile neutropenia, treatment was randomized between GM-CSF at 5 microg/kg/d or control, both being associated with antibiotics. RESULTS GM-CSF significantly reduced the median duration of neutropenia from 6 to 3 days for ANC less than 1 x 10(9)/L(P &lt; .001) and from 4 to 3 days for ANC less than 0.5 x 10(9)/L (P=.024), days of hospitalization required for febrile neutropenia, and duration of antibiotics during hospitalization. The greatest benefit with GM-CSF appeared for patients who had received low-risk chemotherapy, for which the median duration of ANC less than 1 x 10(9)/L was reduced from 7 to 2.5 days (P &lt; .001) and from 4 to 2 days for ANC less than 0.5 x 10(9)/L (P=.0011), the duration of hospitalization during the study from 7 to 4 days (P=.003), and the duration on antibiotics during hospitalization from 7 to 3.5 days (P &lt; .001). A multivariate analysis, using Cox regression, showed that variables predictive for recovery from neutropenia were GM-CSF (P=.0010) and time interval between the first day of chemotherapy and randomization (P=.030). There was no benefit for GM-CSF when high-risk chemotherapy was considered. CONCLUSION GM-CSF significantly shortened duration of neutropenia, duration of neutropenic fever-related hospitalization, and duration on antibiotics during hospitalization when febrile neutropenia occurred after low-risk chemotherapy, but not high-risk chemotherapy.
Decreased expression of the glucocorticoid receptor-GILZ pathway in Kupffer cells promotes liver inflammation in obese mice
Authors: Olivier Robert, Hédia Boujedidi, Amélie Bigorgne, Gladys Ferrere, Cosmin Sebastian Voican, Sabine Vettorazzi, Jan Peter Tuckermann, Laurence Bouchet-Delbos, Thi Tran, Patrice Hemon, Virginie Puchois, Ibrahim Dagher, Richard Douard, Francoise Gaudin, Hélène Gary-Gouy, Francis Capel, Ingrid Durand-Gasselin, Sophie Prévot, Sophie Rousset, Sylvie Naveau, Véronique Godot, Dominique Emilie, Marc Lombès, Gabriel Perlemuter, Anne-Marie Cassard
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
B-cell lineage confers a favorable outcome among children and adolescents with large-cell lymphoma: a Pediatric Oncology Group study.
Authors: R E Hutchison, C W Berard, J J Shuster, M P Link, T E Pick, S B Murphy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1995)

PURPOSE The goal of this study was to assess the immunophenotype of uniformly treated cases of pediatric large-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) to determine the prognostic importance of B-cell and T-cell lineages and of CD30 positivity. PATIENTS AND METHODS Sixty-nine patients were analyzed by immunochemistry. All patients were classified histologically, staged in a uniform manner, and treated according to one of two protocols for localized (stage I and II) NHL or advanced (stage III and IV) large-cell NHL. Antibodies included anti-CD45, CD20, CD45Ra, MB-2 (not clustered), CD3, CD45Ro, CD43, CD15, CD30, and CD68. Statistical analysis used the exact conditional chi 2 and Kruskall-Wallace tests for clinical features and the log-rank test to evaluate event-free survival (EFS). RESULTS Immunophenotypic results demonstrated 25 B-cell, 23 T-cell, and 21 indeterminate lineage. Twenty-seven patients expressed CD30 (17 T-cell and 10 indeterminate lineage), and of these, 22 showed histology of anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL). B-cell patients were older (P = .018) and showed more favorable survival than patients with T-cell or indeterminate lineage (96% EFS at 3 years, 96% v 67% and 74%, B v T and indeterminate lineage [P = .027]). B-cell lineage was seen more frequently in limited-stage patients, but was also associated with favorable survival when stratified for stage (P = .036). CD30 expression (P = .96) and ALCL histology (P = .90) did not show significant associations with survival. CONCLUSION We conclude that among pediatric large-cell lymphomas, B-cell lineage is proportionately less frequent than in adults and CD30 antigen-expressing lymphomas are frequent among patients with T-cell and indeterminate lineage. B-cell phenotype tends to occur in older children and is associated with superior survival.