tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Human homologue of murine T200 glycoprotein.
Authors: M B Omary, I S Trowbridge, H A Battifora
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1980)

We report the identification of the human homologue of murine T200 glycoprotein. Peptide-mapping experiments suggest that the structure of the glycoprotein is highly conserved between the two species. Many of the properties of human T200 homologue are similar to those of murine T200 glycoprotein: it is broadly distributed within the hematopoietic system but is not detectable on nonhematopoietic cells; there are also structural differences between the forms of the glycoprotein found on T and B lymphoblastoid cell lines. These results suggest the homologous glycoproteins may play similar functional roles in both species.
Lipoedema: from clinical presentation to therapy. A review of the literature
Authors: S.I. Langendoen, L. Habbema, T.E.C. Nijsten, H.A.M. Neumann
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Lipoedema is an infrequently recognized disorder in women. Lipoedema is characterized by bilateral enlargement of the legs due to abnormal depositions of subcutaneous fat associated with often mild oedema. There is substantial variability in disease severity. The diagnosis should be made as early as possible to prevent complications of the disorder, which is associated with increasing functional and cosmetic morbidity. This review describes clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, technical investigations, management and therapies of lipoedema, with the aim of optimizing management and care of patients with lipoedema.
The Trainees' Viewpoint of Psychiatric Residency
Authors: SHELDON H. KARDENER, MARIELLE FULLER, IVAN N. MENSH, EDWARD W. FORGY
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1970)

This study reports results from a questionnaire study of 160 psychiatric residents receiving training in the nine institutions; data were obtained on their demographic characteristics and satisfaction with training. Results indicated that a great deal of work remains in improving residency training, both inpatient and outpatient. For example, many residents felt that they received less of the kind and amount of experiences, especially those connected with staff contact, than they thought desirable.
Australian football players’ Achilles tendons respond to game loads within 2 days: an ultrasound tissue characterisation (UTC) study
Authors: Samuel D Rosengarten, Jill L Cook, Adam L Bryant, Justin T Cordy, John Daffy, Sean I Docking
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2014)

The Achilles tendon is a tissue that responds to mechanical loads at a molecular and cellular level. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that the expression of anabolic and/or catabolic proteins can change within hours of loading and return to baseline levels within 72 h. These biochemical changes have not been correlated with changes in whole tendon structure on imaging. We examined the nature and temporal sequence of changes in Achilles tendon structure in response to competitive game loads in elite Australian football players.Elite male Australian football players with no history of Achilles tendinopathy were recruited. Achilles tendon structure was quantified using ultrasound tissue characterisation (UTC) imaging, a valid and reliable measure of intratendinous structure, the day prior to the match (day 0), and then reimaged on days 1, 2 and 4 postgame.Of the 18 participants eligible for this study, 12 had no history of tendinopathy (NORM) and 6 had a history of patellar or hamstring tendinopathy (TEN). Differences in baseline UTC echopattern were observed between the NORM and TEN groups, with the Achilles of the TEN group exhibiting altered UTC echopattern, consistent with a slightly disorganised tendon structure. In the NORM group, a significant reduction in echo-type I (normal tendon structure) was seen on day 2 (p=0.012) that returned to baseline on day 4.There was a transient change in UTC echopattern in the Achilles tendon as a result of an Australian football game in individuals without a history of lower limb tendinopathy.
High-Dose Therapy for Follicular Lymphoma Revisited: Not If, but When?
Authors: T. Andrew Lister
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Article Tools EDITORIALS Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2003.07.981 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 14517186 High-Dose Therapy for Follicular Lymphoma Revisited: Not If, but When? T. Andrew ListerxT. Andrew ListerSearch for articles by this author Show More St Bartholomew’s Hospital, London, UK https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2003.07.981 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2003 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Karyotype in myelodysplastic syndromes: Relations to morphology, clinical evolution, and survival
Authors: P. Bernasconi, E. P. Alessandrino, M. Boni, M. Bonfichi, E. Morra, M. Lazzarino, C. Campagnoli, C. Astori
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1994)

Abstract One hundred eighty‐eight unselected consecutive patients with “de novo” myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) were studied cytogenetically. They were subclassified as 4 refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts (RARS), 67 refractory anemia (RA), 58 refractory anemia with excess of blasts (RAEB), 40 RAEB in transformation (RAEB‐t), and 19 chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML). The overall incidence of chromosome abnormalities was 69%. The RAEB and RAEB‐t patients showed karyotypic changes, more often than RA and CMML (76% and 100% vs. 56% and 42%, respectively). The most frequent single anomaly was del(5)(q13‐q22q33) (22 cases), followed by monosomy 7 or del 7q (11 cases), del(11) (q14q23) (8 cases), trisomy 8 (4 cases). Complex karyotypes (defined by the presence of three or more structural or numerical abnormalities) were detected in 33 patients. With regard to the FAB classification, del (5)(q13q33) was associated with RA, and complex rearrangements with RAEB and RAEB‐t. Leukemic transformation occurred in 66 patients (46%), none with a normal karyotype or del(11)(q14q23) as single abnormality. In patients carrying 5q‐ alone, acute evolution correlated with proximal breakpoint localization, being found in no case with del(5)(q13q33) but in three out of four cases with del(5)(q22q33). Acute leukemia (AL) progression happened in all cases with complex rearrangements and monosomy 7 or del(7q). Two of the four trisomy eight patients evolved in AL. By using the Cox proportional hazard regression analysis it was demonstrated that the karyotype abnormality was a significant predictor of leukemic transformation ( P &lt; 0.001). Patients with abnormal karyotypes without complex abnormalities had a survival (median survival 12 months) shorter than that of cases with only normal metaphases (median 83 months) ( P &lt; 0.001); patients with a mixture of normal/abnormal metaphases had a median survival of 31 months. The median survival for complex karyotypes was 7 months. Among cases with single defects, del(5)(q13q33) showed the best survival (64 months), mono‐ somy 7 and del (7q) the worst (7 months) ( P &lt; 0.001). © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Loss of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 Exacerbates Diabetic Cardiovascular Complications and Leads to Systolic and Vascular Dysfunction
Authors: Vaibhav B. Patel, Sreedhar Bodiga, Ratnadeep Basu, Subhash K. Das, Wang Wang, Zuocheng Wang, Jennifer Lo, Maria B. Grant, JiuChang Zhong, Zamaneh Kassiri, Gavin Y. Oudit
Journal: Circulation Research (2012)

Diabetic cardiovascular complications are reaching epidemic proportions. Angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) is a negative regulator of the renin-angiotensin system. We hypothesize that loss of ACE2 exacerbates cardiovascular complications induced by diabetes.To define the role of ACE2 in diabetic cardiovascular complications.We used the well-validated Akita mice, a model of human diabetes, and generated double-mutant mice using the ACE2 knockout (KO) mice (Akita/ACE2(-/y)). Diabetic state was associated with increased ACE2 in Akita mice, whereas additional loss of ACE2 in these mice leads to increased plasma and tissue angiotensin II levels, resulting in systolic dysfunction on a background of impaired diastolic function. Downregulation of SERCA2 and lipotoxicity were equivalent in Akita and Akita/ACE2KO hearts and are likely mediators of the diastolic dysfunction. However, greater activation of protein kinase C and loss of Akt and endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation occurred in the Akita/ACE2KO hearts. Systolic dysfunction in Akita/ACE2KO mice was linked to enhanced activation of NADPH oxidase and metalloproteinases, resulting in greater oxidative stress and degradation of the extracellular matrix. Impaired flow-mediated dilation in vivo correlated with increased vascular oxidative stress in Akita/ACE2KO mice. Treatment with the AT1 receptor blocker, irbesartan rescued the systolic dysfunction, normalized altered signaling pathways, flow-mediated dilation, and the increased oxidative stress in the cardiovascular system.Loss of ACE2 disrupts the balance of the renin-angiotensin system in a diabetic state and leads to an angiotensin II/AT1 receptor-dependent systolic dysfunction and impaired vascular function. Our study demonstrates that ACE2 serves as a protective mechanism against diabetes-induced cardiovascular complications.
In vitro differentiation of human monocytes. Monocytes cultured on glass are cytotoxic to tumor cells but monocytes cultured on collagen are not.
Authors: G Kaplan
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1983)

Cultivation of human blood monocytes on glass gives rise to cells nonspecifically cytotoxic to tumor cells. If the monocytes are cultured on collagen gels with no contact with glass, no such cytotoxic activity is induced. Killing appeared to be extracellular and probably contact dependent. The glass-induced cytotoxic activity was not related to protein content or cell viability. Rather, it appeared that the monocytes cultured on glass differentiated into cells resembling activated macrophages. On the other hand monocytes cultured on collagen differentiated into cells resembling resident tissue macrophages. These observations are compatible with numerous studies carried out in rodents, showing that activated macrophages, and not resident cells, are cytotoxic to tumor cells.
Damage to Pseudohyphal Forms of Candida albicans by Neutrophils in the Absence of Serum In Vitro
Authors: Richard D. Diamond, Raymond Krzesicki, Wellington Jao
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1978)

Large forms of Candida are characteristically present in invasive lesions and are often cleared by host defenses. Therefore, an in vitro system was developed to study interactions between leukocytes and pseudohyphae. By light, phase contrast, and electron microscopic observations, in the absence of serum, neutrophils attached to and spread over the surfaces of partially ingested pseudohyphae, which then appeared damaged. Using a new assay which measured neutrophil-induced inhibition of uptake of [14C]cytosine by Candida, damage to Candida in the absence of serum was 53.04±2.96% by neutrophils from 27 normal subjects. With serum, damage to Candida increased because of opsonization by low levels of anti-Candida immunoglobulin G in normal sera. Damage to Candida was inhibited by colchicine, cytochalasin B, and 2-deoxyglucose, which interfered with spreading of neutrophils over the surfaces of Candida. Dibutyryl cyclic AMP, theophylline, and isoproterenol also inhibited damage to Candida. Hydrocortisone was inhibitory in levels (10 μM) achievable with pharmacologic doses in man. Light, fluorescence, and electron microscopy indicated that neutrophils degranulated after contact with Candida. Quantitative studies revealed only a minimal increase in specific release of lysosomal enzymes from azurophil granules, but much greater release of lysozyme from specific granules. Candida activated neutrophil oxidative microbicidal mechanisms, as shown by iodination of Candida by neutrophils, and chemiluminescence from neutrophils interacting with Candida. Unlike live Candida, killed Candida did not induce chemiluminescence, were not iodinated, and did not attach to neutrophils by microscopy. Like Candida pseudohyphae, contact between neutrophils and hyphal forms of Aspergillus and Rhizopus occurred in the absence of serum. This did not occur with Cryptococcus neoformans, an encapsulated yeast, and was low with Candida yeasts. These findings indicate that neutrophils can recognize and attach to Candida pseudohyphae, then damage the Candida. This may represent a general reaction between neutrophils and large forms of fungi. Though the size of the organisms precludes complete ingestion, neutrophil oxidative microbicidal mechanisms are activated, and preferential release of contents of specific granules appears to occur.
Cutaneous reactions to recombinant cytokine therapy
Authors: Lisa A Asnis, Anthony A Gaspari
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1995)

Cytokines are critical to several fundamental homeostatic mechanisms such as fever, acute phase reactions, wound healing, hematopoiesis, inflammation, cellular and humoral immune responses, and tumor regression. As a result of advances in recombinant DNA technology, recombinant cytokines are available as therapeutic agents. They have been used for metastatic cancers and immunodeficiencies, as a therapy for naturally occurring or drug-induced anemias or leukopenias, and they have also been applied to some cutaneous disorders. Cytokine therapy can result in toxic reactions that affect many organ systems, especially the skin. These reactions are common and diverse, ranging from minor injection site reactions, pruritus, and flushing to life-threatening autoimmune disorders, severe erythroderma, or bullous skin reactions. This review focuses on the major cytokines that are in current clinical use or under investigation and describes the cutaneous complications of these agents.
Individualized Estimates of Overdiagnosis in Screen-Detected Prostate Cancer
Authors: R. Gulati, L. Y. T. Inoue, J. L. Gore, J. Katcher, R. Etzioni
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2014)

BackgroundThe chance that a prostate cancer detected by screening is overdiagnosed (ie, it would not have been detected in the absence of screening) can vary widely depending on the patient's age and tumor characteristics. The purpose of this study is to use age, Gleason score, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level to help inform patients with screen-detected prostate cancers about the chances their cancers were overdiagnosed.
Normal, pseudonormal, and color-blind vision: Cases of justified phenomenal belief
Authors: Martine Nida-R&uuml;melin
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

Palmer's “isomorphism constraint” may be interpreted as a claim about (1) what can be known with certainty, or (2) what can be detected, or (3) what beliefs can be justified on the basis of a certain kind of scientific knowledge. I argue that his claim is valid if interpreted in one of the first two ways, but invalid if interpreted in the third way.
Racial Differences in Trust and Lung Cancer Patients' Perceptions of Physician Communication
Authors: Howard S. Gordon, Richard L. Street, Barbara F. Sharf, P. Adam Kelly, Julianne Souchek
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

Purpose Black patients report lower trust in physicians than white patients, but this difference is poorly studied. We examined whether racial differences in patient trust are associated with physician-patient communication about lung cancer treatment. Patients and Methods Data were obtained for 103 patients (22% black and 78% white) visiting thoracic surgery or oncology clinics in a large Southern Veterans Affairs hospital for initial treatment recommendation for suspicious pulmonary nodules or lung cancer. Questionnaires were used to determine patients' perceptions of the quality of the physicians' communication and were used to assess patients' previsit and postvisit trust in physician and trust in health care system. Patients responded on a 10-point scale. Results Previsit trust in physician was statistically similar in black and white patients (mean score, 8.2 v 8.3, respectively; P = .80), but black patients had lower postvisit trust in physician than white patients (8.0 v 9.3, respectively; P = .02). Black patients, compared with white patients, judged the physicians' communication as less informative (7.3 v 8.5, respectively; P = .03), less supportive (8.1 v 9.3, respectively; P = .03), and less partnering (6.4 v 8.2, respectively; P = .001). In mixed linear regression analysis, controlling for clustering of patients by physician, patients' perceptions of physicians' communication were statistically significant (P &lt; .005) predictors of postvisit trust, although patient race, previsit trust, and patient and visit characteristics were not significant (P &gt; .05) predictors. Conclusion Perceptions that physician communication was less supportive, less partnering, and less informative accounted for black patients' lower trust in physicians. Our findings raise concern that black patients may have lower trust in their physicians in part because of poorer physician-patient communication.
CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes isolated from allogeneic healthy donors recognize HLA class Ia/Ib–associated renal carcinoma antigens with ubiquitous or restricted tissue expression
Authors: Andreas Dörrschuck, Andrea Schmidt, Elke Schnürer, Matthias Glückmann, Christian Albrecht, Catherine Wölfel, Volker Lennerz, Alexander Lifke, Carmela Di Natale, Elena Ranieri, Loreto Gesualdo, Christoph Huber, Michael Karas, Thomas Wölfel, Wolfgang Herr
Journal: Blood (2004)
Heart Failure Risk Prediction in Childhood Cancer Survivors: Where Is Our Crystal Ball?
Authors: Elizabeth C. Bluhm, Ana Barac
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

A key goal of preventive medicine is to anticipate and, when possible, prevent premature sickness and death.Cardiovascular risk profiles have allowed physicians to identify patients who are at increased risk of cardiac disease and to stratify, follow, treat, and counsel patients on the basis of the likelihood of disease.The Framingham Heart Study, the longest-running epidemiologic investigation in history, exemplifies the power of longitudinal cohort studies to identify risk factors for cardiovascular disease.Framingham data have been used to create disease-specific risk prediction tools for cardiovascular disease outcomes, including a points-based risk score for congestive heart failure (CHF) that includes hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, and a history of diabetes mellitus. 1Cardiac risk prediction models are currently a topic of great interest in preventive cardiology.For example, in November 2013, the American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) released highly publicized recommendations for cholesterol-lowering therapy in adults with normal or mildly elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and a 10-year anticipated risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease of 7.5% or higher. 2Such risk-based recommendations require accuracy and precision when treatment decisions hinge on identifying patients at high risk.In the article that accompanies this editorial, Chow at al 3 report on their study that derived and tested a new prediction model for the risk of heart failure among survivors of childhood cancer.The investigators used the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS), a multiinstitutional research initiative funded by the National Cancer Institute, to systematically report long-term health outcomes after cancer therapy.This large, retrospective cohort included more than 14,000 survivors who were diagnosed with cancer before age 21 years, were treated between 1970 and 1986, and were alive at 5 years after cancer diagnosis with ongoing longitudinal follow-up. 4,5Medical records were abstracted to obtain detailed treatment data, including doses of chemotherapy and radiation.Cardiovascular outcomes were determined on the basis of participant responses to mailed questionnaires asking about CHF, coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, and arrhythmia.Outcomes were included if they were severe, life threatening, or fatal on the basis of the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) grading system. 6The CTCAE categorized cardiomyopathy or congestive heart failure requiring medication 6 as grade 3 (severe), cardiac transplantation as grade 4 (life threatening), and death as grade 5.
Analysis of the molecular state of HBV-DNA in the liver and serum of patients with chronic hepatitis or primary liver cell carcinoma and the effect of therapy with adenine arabinoside.
Authors: M J Fowler, J Monjardino, I V Weller, A S Lok, H C Thomas
Journal: Gut (1984)

The pattern of replicative intermediates seen in the liver of HBe antigen and antibody positive patients was determined. During the phase of HBe antigenaemia the 3.2 Kb species of HBV-DNA (complete HBV genome) is present in the liver but not in the serum. When HBe antigen to antibody seroconversion occurs, either spontaneously or during antiviral therapy, the 3.2 Kb and lower molecular weight intermediates disappear from the liver and the 3.2 Kb band appears transiently in the serum. Integrated HBV-DNA was found in one of 15 patients during the period of HBe antigenaemia and in three of seven patients in the HBe antibody positive phase of the chronic infection before detection of primary liver cell carcinoma. Integrated sequences were found in tumour tissue of two patients with primary liver cell carcinoma who were anti-HBc positive but were absent from the tissues of two patients developing primary liver cell carcinoma at a late stage of autoimmune liver disease. These studies suggest that integration of the HBV genome occurs rarely or in only a small proportion of hepatocytes during the early (HBe antigen positive) phase of infection in Caucasians. They also show that not all primary liver cell carcinomas necessarily contain HBV-DNA.