tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Asthma and respiratory symptoms in 6-7 yr old Italian children: gender, latitude, urbanization and socioeconomic factors. SIDRIA (Italian Studies on Respiratory Disorders in Childhood and the Environment)
Authors: E Renzoni, P Sestini, G Corbo, A Biggeri, G Viegi, F Forastiere, G Ciccone, A Camarlengo, M Bugiani, P Dalmasso, F Faggiano, T Volante, C Magnani, P Natale, P Piccioni, L Bisanti, V Gianelle, F Rusconi, S Sideri, S Piffer, F Filippetti, E Nava, M Biocca, E Canossa, B Cavalchi, D Cervino, S Cattani, E De'munari, M Deserti, S Ferro, F Fortezza, F Frigo, C Galassi, M Martini, P Mazzali, L Paterlini, R Sogni, M Zanini, Emilia Romagna, E Chellini, L Agati, E Barletta, G Bini, M Bini, L Chetoni, D Grechi, A Seniori Costantini, N Agabiti, V Dell'orco, S Mallone, C Micera, P Palermo, G Pallotti, G Piras, R Pistelli, E Salera, D Argentini, G Chiarucci
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1997)

Little information is available on the epidemiology of childhood respiratory disorders in Southern Europe. We investigated the prevalence of asthma and respiratory symptoms in a large sample of schoolchildren, according to gender, latitude, urbanization, and socioeconomic status. Questionnaires including the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) core module on wheeze, as well as questions about other respiratory symptoms (including cough and phlegm), were completed by the parents of 18,737 schoolchildren aged 6-7 yrs, from eight centres of northern and central Italy. Wheeze in the last 12 months was reported for 9% of males and 6% of females, and severe wheezing attacks for 1.4 and 0.8%, respectively. Asthma during lifetime was reported for 11% of males and 6.4% of females. The prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma increased with level of urbanization, but reported wheezing did not, suggesting a labelling bias. Socioeconomic status was not associated with the prevalence of most wheezing symptoms or of physician-diagnosed asthma, but was negatively correlated with the number of hospital admissions because of asthma. Unlike wheezing symptoms, the prevalence of chronic cough and phlegm was associated with increasing urbanization and decreasing socioeconomic level. Urbanization and socioeconomic level have little effect on the prevalence of wheezing in this area, but they might influence the diagnosis and the management of asthma, as well as the prevalence of chronic cough and chronic phlegm.
Abstract 39: Estimated Risk of Coronary Heart Disease Associated with the Replacement of Various Foods with Vegetables in Two Large Prospective Cohorts
Authors: Monica L Bertoia, Kenneth J Mukamal, Kim Overvad, Frank B Hu, Walter C Willett, Eric B Rimm
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Previous studies show that higher fruit and vegetable intake is associated with a lower risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), but the magnitude of this association may vary depending on what foods are replaced. In a typical meal, vegetables may replace grains or protein sources but the potential benefits of replacing specific foods with vegetables have not been quantified. Hypothesis: The replacement of refined grains and red or processed meat with vegetables will be associated with a lower risk of CHD. Methods: We identified incident cases of nonfatal myocardial infarction or fatal CHD in 41,983 men participating in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study and 77,347 women participating in the Nurses’ Health Study from 1986 to 2012 who were free of cardiovascular disease at baseline. Participants self-reported their usual diet at baseline and every four years over 26 years of follow-up. We used substitution models to estimate hazard ratios (HR) for total CHD, adjusting for age, total calories, smoking, alcohol, family history of MI, physical activity, aspirin use, BMI, and history of hypertension, high cholesterol, and diabetes. We pooled results using a meta-analysis with fixed effects. Results: We confirmed 4,220 incident CHD events among men and 3,199 among women. In fully adjusted models, combining men and women, replacing one serving/day of starchy vegetables (peas, corn, and potatoes) with one serving/day of non-starchy vegetables was associated with a 21% lower risk of CHD. Replacing one serving/day of refined grains with one serving/day of non-starchy vegetables was associated with a 4% lower risk of CHD, and replacing one serving/day of processed meats or unprocessed red meat with one serving/day of non-starchy vegetables was associated with a 23% lower risk of CHD. Conclusions: Consuming vegetables, especially non-starchy vegetables, in place of less healthy refined grains and red and processed meats, was associated with a lower risk of CHD.
Ataxia telangiectasia: why should the ERS care?
Authors: Jayesh M. Bhatt, Andrew Bush, Marjo van Gerven, Andreea Nissenkorn, Michael Renke, Lian Yarlett, Malcolm Taylor, Thomy Tonia, Adilia Warris, Stefan Zielen, Shairbanu Zinna, Peter J.F.M. Merkus
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2015)

Neurological and immunological contributions to lung disease in A-T require proactive and multidisciplinary management <http://ow.ly/TqT44> Why indeed should we care? The answer is that ataxia telangiectasia (A-T) patients will present to respiratory paediatricians for diagnosis, when standard testing, if the diagnosis is not made, may do irreparable harm; and both adult and paediatric respiratory physicians will be involved in managing the respiratory disease, which is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. So there is a real "need to know" which is why the ERS convened a task force on A-T, whose findings are published in the European Respiratory Review [1].
Weekly paclitaxel treatment of patients with progressive platinum resistant epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: T. Le, K. A. Baines, L. Rambout, P. Rezaifer, M. Al Hayki, L. Hopkins, M. Fung Kee Fung
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

5137 Background: Paclitaxel administered on a weekly basis can have both an anti angioneogenesis and apoptotic inducing effects on cancer cells. We studied the activity of weekly Paclitaxel in patients with recurrent platinum resistant ovarian cancer and its effects on patients’ quality of life. Methods: Retrospective reviews of all patients with recurrent platinum resistant epithelial ovarian cancer treated with intravenous continuous weekly Paclitaxel (80mg/m2 for maximum of 24 weeks) were carried out. Evaluable endpoints were toxicities, response rates, and quality of life measurements. Quality of life was assessed using standard FACT-O questionnaire after the fourth weekly treatment. Median overall and progression free survival were estimated using Kaplan Meier method. Analysis of variance were used to compare mean Quality of Life scores between weekly Paclitaxel and other chemotherapy regimens using the existing institutional quality of life database. Results: Thirty-four patients were identified for review. The median line of chemotherapy administered as weekly Paclitaxel was three. The median platinum and taxane free interval were 7.6 months and 10.4 months respectively. Five patients (15%) reported grade 3 or 4 neurotoxicity or fatigue. The median nadir white blood count, haemoglobin, and platelet were 3.65, 99.50, and 224 during the course of treatment. At a median follow up of 7.3 months, fourteen patients (40%) had died. Twenty patients (61%) had a persistent decrease of their Ca125 by more than fifty percent from baseline value. Complete response was observed in three patients (8.8%) with another 14 patients showing partial response (41.2%) based on radiographic criteria. The median progression free survival was 6.10 months (95% CI: 3.81–8.39) and the median survival was 10.43 months (95% CI: 8.49–12.38) from the start of weekly treatment. Quality of Life assessments showed no significant differences between weekly Paclitaxel, Liposomal Doxorubicin, and Topotecan. Conclusions: Weekly Paclitaxel is a well-tolerated and active regimen in patients with recurrent platinum resistant ovarian cancer. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Bristol-Meyer Squibb
The Guyana Mass Suicides: Medicolegal Re-Evaluation
Authors: William J. Curran
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

FOR the second time in only a few years, a huge tragedy has taken place, involving the deaths of hundreds of American citizens in a remote place outside the United States. Once again, the handling of a large-scale disaster by the United States government has been evaluated and severely criticized by medicolegal and forensic-science groups in this country.1 Previously, the largest disaster involving American citizens occurred in March, 1977, when two jumbo-jet airliners collided on the ground at the virtually unknown auxiliary airfield on Tenerife in the Canary Islands. More than 500 people died on the runway.The second incident, . . .
Possible Role Of Treatment On Secondary Malignancies In Patients Affected By Essential Thrombocytemia
Authors: Jonny Di Giandomenico, Marianna De Muro, Nicoletta Villivà, Ambra Di Veroli, Marco Montanaro, Roberto Latagliata, Barbara Anaclerico, Giuseppe Avvisati, Massimo Breccia, Michele Cedrone, Giuseppe Cimino, Guido Montanaro, Enrico Montefusco, Stefano Felici, Sabrina Leonetti Crescenzi, Ignazio Majolino, Raffaele Porrini, Angela Rago, Antonio Spadea, Francesca Spirito, Giuliana Alimena, Maria Gabriella Mazzucconi, Alessandro Andriani
Journal: Blood (2013)
Prognostic Significance of Subtypes and Gpa(Graded Prognostic Assessment) in Brain Metastases From Breast Cancer
Authors: Yayoi Honda, Risa Goto, Nami Idera, Kazumi Horiguchi, Dai Kitagawa, Hiromi Miyamoto, Tomoyuki Aruga, Toshinari Yamashita, Katsumasa Kuroi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Absence of MHC class II on cDCs results in microbial-dependent intestinal inflammation
Authors: Jakob Loschko, Heidi A. Schreiber, Gereon J. Rieke, Daria Esterházy, Matthew M. Meredith, Virginia A. Pedicord, Kai-Hui Yao, Silvia Caballero, Eric G. Pamer, Daniel Mucida, Michel C. Nussenzweig
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2016)

Conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) play an essential role in host immunity by initiating adaptive T cell responses and by serving as innate immune sensors. Although both innate and adaptive functions of cDCs are well documented, their relative importance in maintaining immune homeostasis is poorly understood. To examine the significance of cDC-initiated adaptive immunity in maintaining homeostasis, independent of their innate activities, we generated a cDC-specific Cre mouse and crossed it to a floxed MHC class II (MHCII) mouse. Absence of MHCII on cDCs resulted in chronic intestinal inflammation that was alleviated by antibiotic treatment and entirely averted under germ-free conditions. Uncoupling innate and adaptive functions of cDCs revealed that innate immune functions of cDCs are insufficient to maintain homeostasis and antigen presentation by cDCs is essential for a mutualistic relationship between the host and intestinal bacteria.
Abstract 5459: Overcoming resistance to HER2-targeting drugs using CDK8 inhibitors
Authors: Martina McDermott, Laura Ivers, Norma O'Donovan, John Crown, Igor Roninson, Eugenia V. Broude
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract HER2-targeting therapies transformed the treatment of patients with HER2+ breast cancer and are now being explored in other cancer types. However, nearly 70% of patients with HER2+ metastatic breast cancer have intrinsic resistance and almost all develop acquired resistance to HER2-targeting drugs. New therapeutic approaches aimed at resistance to HER2-targeting therapies are urgently needed. We have previously found that resistance to HER2-targeting drugs involves increased activity of the phosphatase PP2A. PP2A was reported to stimulate the kinase activity of CDK8, a transcription-regulating kinase that in contrast to some other members of the CDK family does not regulate cell cycle progression. Thus CDK8 may play a role in resistance to HER2-targeting therapies. CDK8 has been identified as an oncogene amplified in 50% of colon cancers. Immunohistochemical staining of breast tissue arrays and meta-analysis of breast cancer microarray data revealed that CDK8 is overexpressed in breast cancers and that higher CDK8 expression correlates with the failure of systemic therapy. Selective small-molecule inhibitors of CDK8 and its paralog CDK19 show no limiting toxicities at therapeutically effective doses. We have found that an optimized CDK8/19 inhibitor Senexin B has a synergistic growth-inhibitory effect in combinations with an anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody (a biosimilar of trastuzumab) and with the HER2/EGFR small-molecule inhibitor lapatinib. These synergistic effects were observed in all HER2+ breast and colon cancer cell lines tested so far, including those that are either sensitive to HER2-targeting drugs or non-responsive to these agents due to innate or acquired resistance. Furthermore, combining lapatinib with Senexin B inhibited the development of de novo resistance to lapatinib. Taken together these results suggest that combining anti-HER2 and anti-CDK8 therapies is a rational potential treatment for HER2+ cancers, which may overcome both innate and acquired resistance to HER2-targeting drugs. Citation Format: Martina McDermott, Laura Ivers, Norma O'Donovan, John Crown, Igor Roninson, Eugenia V. Broude. Overcoming resistance to HER2-targeting drugs using CDK8 inhibitors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 5459. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-5459
Origin of the Medullohlastoma Experimentally Induced by Human Polyomavirus JC&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: M Matsuda, K Yasui, K Nagashima, W Mori
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1987)

The origin of the medulloblastoma induced by JC virus (JCV) in golden hamsters was investigated by the in situ hybridization method. After inoculation of JCV into newborn hamsters, a few migrating cells in the cerebellar molecular layer as well as several cells in the internal granular layer hybridized with an antisense mRNA probe of JCV T-antigen on the 10th day. The number of cells positive for this probe decreased on the 15th and 20th days. Moreover, an incipient medulloblastoma consisting of many cells positive for T-antigen mRNA was noticed in the cerebellar internal granular layer 30 days after inoculation. About 6 months post inoculation, 95% of the animals had succumbed to medulloblastoma. Therefore, the origin of the medulloblastoma seemed to be the cells in the cerebellar external granular layer that were infected by JCV, that migrated normally through the molecular layer to the internal granular layer, and that began to proliferate to become medulloblastoma. When 5-day-old hamsters were inoculated, a few cells positive for T-antigen mRNA were detected in the cerebellum within a month. In the long-term observation, the ratio of medulloblastoma induction decreased as the age of the animals at inoculation increased. These results support the idea that JCV infects and transforms the cells in the cerebellar external granular layer, because this layer appears only transiently in newborn hamsters.
Selective Loss of Expression of a Tumor-Associated Antigen on a Human Leukemia Cell Line Induced by Treatment With Monoclonal Antibody and Complement2
Authors: A. P. Gee, K. M. Bruce, J. van Hilten, E. J. Siden, R. C. Braylan, P. C. Bauer, M. D. P. Boyle
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1987)

Journal Article Selective Loss of Expression of a Tumor-Associated Antigen on a Human Leukemia Cell Line Induced by Treatment With Monoclonal Antibody and Complement Get access A. P. Gee, A. P. Gee Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar K. M. Bruce, K. M. Bruce Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. van Hilten, J. van Hilten Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar E. J. Siden, E. J. Siden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. C. Braylan, R. C. Braylan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar P. C. Bauer, P. C. Bauer Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M. D. P. Boyle M. D. P. Boyle Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 78, Issue 1, January 1987, Pages 29–35, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/78.1.29 Published: 01 January 1987 Article history Received: 05 December 1985 Revision received: 27 June 1986 Accepted: 23 July 1986 Published: 01 January 1987
On the cellular basis of reperfusion arrhythmias in rabbit ventricular myocytes rabbit ventricular myocytes : Induction of Ca 2+ overload and triggered activity by reactive oxygen intermediates
Authors: Hiroshi Matsuura, Yoshikazu Tsuruhara, Masayuki Sakaguchi, Tsuguhisa Ehara, Michael J. Shattock
Journal: Circulation (1993)
Results of a phase III randomized trial of synchronous chemoradiotherapy (CRT) compared to radiotherapy (RT) alone in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) (BC2001 CRUK/01/004).
Authors: N. D. James, S. A. Hussain, E. Hall, P. Jenkins, J. Tremlett, C. Rawlings, C. Hendron, R. Lewis, S. Rogers, R. A. Huddart
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

4517 Background: RT is an alternative to cystectomy in patients (pts) with MIBC. Synchronous CRT improves disease control (versus RT alone) in anal and cervix cancers and in one small trial with cisplatin in MIBC. BC2001 assessed efficacy and toxicity of CRT using 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and mitomycin C (MMC) for pts with MIBC. Methods: Pts with MIBC (pT2-T4a N0 M0) were randomized in a 2x2 factorial design (1:1 allocation ratio stratified by centre and use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (neoCT)) to CRT vs. RT alone and/or to standard RT vs. reduced high-dose volume RT to tumor. This is the first report of efficacy results of the CRT randomization. The primary endpoint was loco-regional disease-free survival (LRDFS) with pts censored at second primary, metastasis and death. Secondary endpoints included toxicity, quality of life and overall survival (OS). RT was 64Gy / 32 fractions (f) in 6.5 weeks (wks) or 55 Gy / 20f in 4 wks (as per centre policy). CRT was MMC (12mg/m2 i.v. bolus) day 1 of RT and 5-FU continuous infusion at 500mg/m2/24 hrs for 10 days in total corresponding to f1-5 (wk 1) and f16-20 (wk 4) of RT. Results: Between August 2001 and April 2008, 360 pts entered the CRT randomization (182 CRT; 178 RT). Median age was 72 (IQR 64-76) years, 80% were male, 33% received neoCT. Chemotherapy was received as per protocol for 91% and 68% of CRT pts at wk 1 and wk 4 respectively. No significant differences were seen in proportion of pts completing RT as planned nor in acute (8.5% CRT vs. 5.2% RT, p = 0.2) or late (2.2% CRT vs. 2.3% RT, p = 0.95) grade 3-4 toxicities. With 40 months median follow-up, LRDFS was improved in the CRT group (hazard ratio HR=0.61, 95% CI: 0.42 – 0.90; p = 0.01). Two year event-free rates were CRT: 71% (63 - 78%), RT: 58% (49 - 65%); estimated absolute difference: 14% (3.4 – 22%). There was no evidence of heterogeneity by randomised RT treatment group, RT dose/fractionation schedule or by use of neoCT. For OS, HR=0.78 (0.57 – 1.05); p=0.10 and two year survival was CRT: 63% (55 - 69%), RT: 58% (51 - 66%). Conclusions: In MIBC CRT using 5FU and MMC is well tolerated and significantly improves LRDFS compared to RT alone with good bladder function and no increase in late toxicity. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Surgeon density and its effect on esophageal (EC) and gastric cancer (GC) mortality.
Authors: M. Y. Ho, J. S. Albarrak, W. Y. Cheung
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

e16548 Background: Surgical resection plays an integral role in the curative treatment of patients with EC and GC. The impact of the allocation of these surgeons at the county level on cancer outcomes is unclear. Our aims were to 1) examine the effect of surgeon density on EC and GC mortality, 2) compare the relative roles of thoracic and general surgeons on EC and GC outcomes and 3) determine county characteristics associated with cancer mortality. Methods: Using county-level data from the Area Resources File, US Census and National Cancer Institute, we constructed linear regression models to explore the effect of thoracic and general surgeon density on EC and GC mortality, respectively. Multivariate analyses adjusted for cancer incidence rate, county-level demographics (population aged 65+, proportion eligible for Medicare, education attainment, metropolitan vs. rural area, ethnicity), socioeconomic factors (median household income) and healthcare resources (number of general practitioners, availability of hospital beds). Results: In total, 663 and 539 counties were analyzed for EC and GC, respectively: mean EC/GC incidence = 5.53/6.86; mean EC/GC mortality = 4.95/4.07; 76% and 85% were metropolitan for EC and GC, respectively; mean thoracic and general surgeon densities were 6 and 50 per 100,000 people, respectively. When compared to counties with no thoracic surgeons, those with at least 1 thoracic surgeon had reduced EC mortality (beta coefficient -0.34). For GC, counties with 1 or more general surgeons also had decreased number of deaths (beta coefficient -0.125) when compared with those without any surgeons. While increasing the density of surgeons beyond 10 only yielded minimal improvements in EC mortality, it resulted in significant further reductions in GC mortality. Other county characteristics, such as increased number of hospital beds and higher median household income, were correlated with improved outcomes. Conclusions: Mortality from GC appears to be more susceptible to the benefits of increased surgeon density. For EC, a strategic policy of allocating health resources and distributing the workforce across counties will be best able to optimize outcomes at the population-level.