tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P5-03-11: Possible role for cancer stem cells: results from a pilot neoadjuvant trial of HER-2 positive breast cancer patients treated with a combination of (Nab)-paclitaxel and lapatinib.
Authors: KP Siziopikou, WJ Gradishar, VG Kaklamani
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: Lapatinib, a dual kinase inhibitor against both epidermal growth factor (EGFR) and human epidermal factor 2 (HER-2) and nanoparticle albumin bound (nab) paclitaxel was recently used by our group in a pilot study of early stage HER-2 positive breast cancer. We reported that the combination was well tolerated and showed good efficiency in this patient group. Cancer stem cells were recently identified in solid tumors including breast carcinomas. These tumor initiating stem cells are reported to be increased in HER-2 positive breast cancers. Lapatininb is postulated to reduce the percentage of breast cancer stem cells following HER-2 inhibition. This study aimed to investigate such an effect in this patient population of early stage HER-2 positive breast cancer cases uniquely treated by a combination of nab-paclitaxel and lapatininb. Design: 30 patients with stage I-III HER-2 positive breast cancer were treated in a neoadjuvant setting with lapatinib 1,000mg/day and nab-paclitaxel 260 mg/m2 every 2 weeks for 4 cycles. The expression of the stem cell markers aldehyde dehydroganase (ALDH1) (BD), CD24 and CD44 (both Santa Cruz Biotechnology) was assessed immunohistochemically in breast cancer specimens prior to treatment and at the time of definitive surgery. Staining was considered negative if &amp;lt; or = 1%, and positive if &amp;gt;1%. Results: Of the 30 patients, 28 underwent surgery and were evaluated for pathologic response. Complete pathologic response (pCR) was observed in 5/28 (17.9%) of the patients. Of the 17 patients for whom pre-treatment material was available 13 (76.5%) were positive for ALDH1 expression and 4 (23.5%) were negative. Of the 22 patients with material available for testing at the time of surgery, 5 showed pCR, 3 were negative and 14 (63.6%) were positive for ALDH-A1 expression. The CD44+/CD24- phenotype was variable and showed no difference between groups. Conclusions: 1. Combination of lapatinib and nab-paclitaxel resulted in a complete pathologic response in almost 1/5 of the HER-2 positive early stage breast cancer patients. 2. Overall, there is a reduction in the number cancer stem cells following neoadjuvant treatment with lapatinib and nab-paclitaxel. Our results support the hypothesis that lapatinib may have an effect in manipulating the numbers of cancer stem cells in patients with HER-2 positive breast cancer. Additional studies are currently under way to further characterize these findings. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-03-11.
Abstract 5110: Gallic acid induces apoptosis and autophagy in bladder cancer cell
Authors: Huei-Jane Lee, Ting-Tsz Ou, Yung-Shu Lee, Chau-Jong Wang
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Flavonoid phytochemicals were studied on prevention or therapy in human malignancies including bladder cancer. Here we detected the effect of gallic acid (GA) in human bladder transitional cell carcinoma (TCC, TSGH-8301 cells). In MTT assay, TSGH-8301 cells treated with 30 or 40 μM of GA showed significant decrease of cell viability to about 40 or 20 %. To examine whether the cell death involving apoptosis, we used DAPI stain to observe nuclear condensation and agarose gel electrophoresis to detect DNA fragmentation. GA can cause bladder cell apoptosis. Additionally, the results from flow cytometric analysis showed that GA induced late stage of apoptosis and represented a dose-dependent manner, accompanied by the decrease of Bcl2 and increase of Bax. We also used acridine orange stain and evaluated the expression of LC3, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3, a marker of autophagy, to detect whether GA can induce autophagy in bladder cancer cell. The results showed that GA possesses the ability to induce autophagy in bladder cancer cell in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, these results revealed that GA can induce apoptosis and autophagy in human bladder cancer cells. It also implies GA possesses the potential to treat bladder cancer. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5110.
Positron Emission Tomographic Imaging of Merkel Cell Carcinoma
Authors: BA D. NGUYEN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2002)

From the Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, Scottsdale, Arizona Received for publication April 15, 2002. Accepted May 24, 2002. Correspondence: Ba D. Nguyen, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, 13400 E. Shea Boulevard, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259. E-mail: [email protected]
Tails of a Different Kind in Cancer Labs
Authors: M. E. Newman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Journal Article Tails of a Different Kind in Cancer Labs Get access Michael E. Newman Michael E. Newman Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 83, Issue 20, 16 October 1991, Page 1438, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.20.1438 Published: 16 October 1991
PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS OF MIDTERM DURABILITY OF TRANSCATHETER MITRAL VALVE REPAIR IN PATIENTS WITH SEVERE DEGENERATIVE MITRAL REGURGITATION AND PROHIBITIVE SURGICAL RISK
Authors: D. Scott Lim, Saibal Kar, Howard Herrmann, Andrew Wang, Patrick Whitlow, William Gray, Paul Grayburn, Michael Mack, Donald Glower, Ted Feldman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Abstract 1582: Therapeutic vaccine for pancreatic cancer
Authors: Bakulesh M. Khamar, Nirav Desai, Chandreswar Shukla
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Cadi-05 (Heat killed mycobacterium w) is a potent TLR 2 agonist and induces pure potent Th1 response. In advanced Non small cell lung cancer, Cadi-05 is found to potentiate efficacy of chemotherapy (Paclitaxel + Cisplatin) with improvement in response rate and overall survival in a randomized controlled clinical trial. Cadi-05 is also a potent vaccine adjuvant for prophylactic vaccines providing faster, higher and sustained antibody titers in animals and humans. The therapeutic vaccine for pancreatic cancer, with killed pancreatic cancer cells as an antigen with Cadi-05 as an adjuvant was evaluated for its ability to induce cell mediated immune responses (by ELISPOT for IFN - α, IL-2 and Granzyme B) and effector function (By BrDu incorporation). The vaccine made using Mia PaCa-2 cell line induced cell mediated immune responses against the Mia PaCA-2 as well as against the other cell lines (Panc-1, ASPC-1, SW-1990). The vaccine also generated effector function of similar magnitude against all four cell lines. Effect of vaccine on tumor size and survival following intradermal immunization was also studied. For evaluating efficacy, C57BL/6 BYJ mice were injected Pan-02 cells (1x106) subcutaneously for developing pancreatic cancer model. At day 10 post tumor induction tumor size achieved was∼200-225 mm3. Mice were randomized to receive vaccine or placebo (18 mice each) on day 10. No other therapy was used in the experiment. In Vaccine arm tumor regression was seen in 61% of animals before progression. Tumor regression was not seen in placebo arm. Tumor progression was found to be slower in vaccinated animals with mean tumor size 35% and 59% of placebo arm on day7 (633 mm3 vs. 223 mm3) and day 12 (740 mm3 vs. 437 mm3) respectively resulting in survival benefit of 36% on day 40 following immunisation. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1582. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1582
Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for leukemia with marrow grafts depleted of lymphocytes by counterflow centrifugation
Authors: A Schattenberg, T De Witte, F Preijers, J Raemaekers, P Muus, N Van der Lely, J Boezeman, J Wessels, B Van Dijk, J Hoogenhout
Journal: Blood (1990)
P1072 CONCORDANCE BETWEEN INDICATIONS OF THERAPY AND THE RISK OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA (HCC) DEVELOPMENT IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS B (CHB)
Authors: C.A. Navascués, M.L. González-Diéguez, M.E. Alvarez-Argüelles, V. Cadahía, M. Varela, C. Martínez-Reglero, R. Pérez, P. Martínez-Camblor, M. Rodríguez
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Abstract 4512: The novel HSP90 inhibitor, PF-04929113, inhibits AR activity and osteoclastogenesis and delays castrate-resistant LNCaP prostate cancer tumor growth
Authors: Francois Lamoureux, Min-Jean Yin, Amina Zoubeidi, Martin E. Gleave
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Introduction and Objective: Prostate cancer responds initially to anti-androgen therapies, however, progression to castration resistant disease frequently occurs. Consequently there is an urgent need for novel therapeutic agents that can prevent the emergence of the castration resistant form of disease. Heat shock protein (HSP) 90 is a molecular chaperone involved in the maturation and stability of the Androgen Receptor (AR). In this study, we assessed the in vitro and in vivo antitumor properties of a novel synthetic HSP90 inhibitor, PF-04928473 in vitro and PF-04929113 in vivo, in prostate cancer and bone metastasis development. Methods: The effects of the HSP90 inhibitor were evaluated in vitro on LNCaP, C4-2, PC3 and DU145 cell growth and apoptosis. AR transactivation and other biochemical assays studied AR/HSP90 interaction. The consequence of HSP90 therapy in vivo was evaluated in athymic mice bearing castration resistant LNCaP xenografts. The consequence of PF-04928473 therapy on bone metastasis was studied using a osteoclastogenesis in vitro assay. Results: In our panel of prostate tumor cell lines, PF-04928473 inhibited cell growth in a dose-dependent manner (IC50 ± 30nM) and induced apoptosis with an increase of sub-G1 fraction and PARP cleavage. These biologic events were accompanied by decreased expression of AR and PSA, AR transactivation, inhibition of Akt and Erk activation, and modulation of HSP expression. When administered orally 3 times/week (50mg/kg) to mice bearing castration resistant LNCaP tumors, PF-04929113 significantly inhibited tumor growth by 160% and prolonged survival compared to controls, but a small reduction in total bodyweight was observed. In contrast to 17-AAG, the novel PF-04928473 compound was not observed to activate src but did block osteoclast differentiation in vitro. Conclusions: Targeting HSP90 using PF-04928473 and PF-04929113 inhibited castration resistant LNCaP tumor growth in vitro and in vivo in part through a mechanism involving disruption of the AR signaling axis and appears to inhibit bone metastasis by blocking osteoclastogenesis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4512.
Letter to the editor: The measles outbreak in Bulgaria, 2009-2011: an epidemiological assessment and lessons learnt - but not completely yet
Authors: Dimitri Poddighe
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2016)

Preview this article: Letter to the editor: The measles outbreak in Bulgaria, 2009-2011: an epidemiological assessment and lessons learnt - but not completely yet, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/eurosurveillance/21/13/eurosurv-21-30178-8-1.gif
Abstract 5237: Systems level modeling following BRAF inhibition reveals an essential role for Ephrin A2 receptor in therapeutic escape.
Authors: Kim H. T. Paraiso, Bin Fang, Dale Han, Inna Fedorenko, Jobin John, John Koomen, Jennifer Wargo, Keith Flaherty, Friedegund Meier, Kerian S. M. Smalley
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Although initially striking, the therapeutic efficacy of BRAF inhibition is eventually undermined by adaptive cellular signaling that leads to progressive disease. To date, several mechanisms of BRAF inhibitor resistance have been reported focusing primarily on single alterations. To address how global rewiring of melanoma signaling promotes resistance, we utilized mass spectrometry based phosphoproteomic and network analyses to identify signaling changes in tyrosine, threonine and serine that occur prior to and following acquired BRAF inhibitor resistance. This comprehensive bioinformatics approach uncovered a “resistance interactome” consisting of ∼150 nodes that was marked by significant alterations and the emergence of signaling nodes such as ITGB1, EphA2, EphB4, FAK1, STAT3 and PXN. GeneGo pathway enrichment analysis revealed enhanced cytoskeletal rearrangement, adhesion, integrin signaling, cell migration and extracellular matrix remodeling. Consistent with our bioinformatic predictions, melanoma cell lines with acquired vemurafenib resistance were considerably more invasive than their drug naïve counterparts and showed increased trans-endothelial cell migration. Confirmatory Western blot studies showed increased expression and phosphorylation of EphA2 receptor at Ser897, FAK1 at Ser397 and paxillin at Y118. Knockdown of EphA2 in the resistant cultures inhibited ERK signaling and completely prevented cell invasion and trans-endothelial cell migration. Functionally, EphA2 expression appeared to be regulated by an epigenetic mechanism involving promoter methylation and HDAC1. The clinical relevance of these findings was demonstrated in matched pairs of biopsies from patients receiving either BRAF or BRAF+MEK inhibitors, with significant Ephrin A2 receptor expression being observed in a subset of those on therapy. In summary, chronic MAPK pathway inhibition leads to major remodeling of the melanoma signaling network with EphA2 emerging as a key driver of the resistance phenotype. Citation Format: Kim H. T. Paraiso, Bin Fang, Dale Han, Inna Fedorenko, Jobin John, John Koomen, Jennifer Wargo, Keith Flaherty, Friedegund Meier, Kerian S. M. Smalley. Systems level modeling following BRAF inhibition reveals an essential role for Ephrin A2 receptor in therapeutic escape. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5237. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5237
Sublingual immunotherapy reduces symptoms of asthma and hay fever, systematic review finds
Authors: S. Ramsey
Journal: BMJ (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Frailty is a common and clinically significant condition in older adults, predominantly due to its association with adverse health outcomes such as hospitalisation, disability and mortality. Exercise interventions have been shown to be a beneficial treatment for frailty. However, more high-quality studies are needed to assess the feasibility and impact of these interventions in frail geriatric populations within different settings, and their impact on broader aspects of health and well-being. <h3>Methods and analysis</h3> This study will use a 2-week, interventional, independent measures research design in order to assess the feasibility and impact of two specially adapted exercise training interventions (a specially adapted resistance training intervention, and Move It Or Lose It: an established community-based exercise intervention for older adults) aimed at improving the multidimensional health and functional capacity of frail geriatric hospital inpatients. <h3>Ethics and dissemination</h3> This study has received a favourable ethical opinion by the Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Research Ethics Committee and sponsorship by the University of Birmingham after review by the sponsors research governance office. The findings will be disseminated through publication in open access scientific journals, public engagement events, online via social media, conference presentations and directly to study participants on request. <h3>Trial registration number</h3> NCT03141866
Destruction tissulaire par ultrasons focalisés de haute intensité par voie endoscopique transgastrique sous échoendoscopie: développement d'un transducteur adaptable sur un échoendoscope standard et application sur le foie de porc in-vivo
Authors: M Pioche, C Lafon, E Constanciel, A Vignot, A Birer, R Gincul, V Lepilliez, F Prat, JY Chapelon, T Ponchon
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

L'écho-endoscopie permet d'explorer précisément et à proximité les organes au contact du tractus digestif (foie, pancréas, adénopathies). Les ultrasons focalisés de haute intensité (HIFU) sont des ultrasons de puissance qui sont concentrés au point focal du transducteur pour induire une nécrose tissulaire par effet thermique et de cavitation. Sur le trajet du faisceau d'ultrasons, l'énergie déposée est faible et ne lèse pas les tissus interposés. L'adaptation d'un transducteur miniaturisé à l'extrémité d'un écho-endoscope permettrait de repérer des lésions tumorales et de les détruire dans le même temps au travers de la paroi du tube digestif. Les HIFU ont déjà montré leur efficacité pour détruire les tumeurs hépatiques et pancréatiques par voie extracorporelle mais l'interposition gazeuse gastrique et la profondeur des tissus sains interposés induisaient des nécroses pariétales.
S43 Dyspnea and exercise capacity are not related to arterial hypoxemia in the absence of alveolar hypoxia: prospective studies in patients with pulmonary arteriovenous malformations
Authors: V Santhirapala, LSG Howard, K Murphy, B Mukherjee, M Busbridge, HC Tighe, JMB Hughes, JE Jackson, CL Shovlin
Journal: Thorax (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Low blood oxygen concentrations (hypoxaemia) usually result from alveolar hypoxia which also stimulates hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction, thereby increasing right ventricular work. In contrast, anatomic right-to-left shunts such as pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs), cause hypoxaemia without alveolar hypoxia. Our aim was to test whether isolated arterial hypoxaemia is associated with dyspnoea or impaired exercise capacity. <h3>Methods</h3> Two prospective studies were performed in patients with radiologically-proven PAVMs. Exercise tolerance was graded by a modified MRC dyspnoea scale. Other patient variables were quantified at rest and on exercise. <h3>Results</h3> In 165 consecutive patients, aged 17–87 (median 49)ys, resting SaO<sub>2</sub> varied widely (78.5–99%, median 95%). Five patients were athletes, despite severe resting hypoxaemia (SaO<sub>2</sub>&lt;85%). SaO<sub>2</sub> displayed no clear relationship with dyspnoea grade. Higher grade dyspnoea was significantly more common in patients with coexisting cardiorespiratory disease who were more likely to report symptomatic improvement post embolisation. During cardiopulmonary exercise testing, 21 PAVM patients (SaO<sub>2 </sub>80–96%) were no more dyspnoeic than 12 age-matched volunteers (SaO<sub>2</sub> 96–99%). Within the 21 PAVM patients, the majority achieved their predicted workload and peak VO<sub>2</sub>, and there was no difference in maximum workload, or peak VO<sub>2 </sub>according to the severity of hypoxemia. PAVM patients demonstrated similar relationships betweenpeak heart rate and peak VO<sub>2</sub> as controls. For five patients retested post embolisation, when SaO<sub>2</sub> rose from 88–94% to 94–96% (p = 0.009), there was no difference in perceived dyspnoea, maximum workload (medians 119/113W) or peak VO<sub>2</sub> (medians 1.69/1.72Lmin<sup>-1</sup>). Treated patients reset to virtually identical peak oxygen pulse following embolisation. Overall, workload and peak VO<sub>2</sub> were associated not with oxygenation parameters, but with body mass index, anaerobic threshold and ventilatory efficiency: Expired end-tidal PCO<sub>2</sub> at rest and on peak exercise was lower in PAVM patients compared to controls, and in the more hypoxemic patients. During exercise, PAVM patients increased minute ventilation (V’E) more than controls for a given increase in CO<sub>2</sub> output (V’CO<sub>2</sub>), and post embolisation, end-tidal PCO<sub>2</sub> and V’E/V’CO<sub>2</sub> slopes normalised. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Despite severe hypoxaemia, normal oxygen delivery can be maintained during peak exercise by harnessing integrated adaptive responses that maintain oxygen delivery and uptake with each heart beat (the “O<sub>2</sub> pulse”).
The Syndrome of the Hypersensitive Xiphoid
Authors: Mack Lipkin, Lyman A. Fulton, Edward A. Wolfson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

MANY patients complain of pains in the chest, upper abdomen and shoulders that are not characteristic of any familiar disease. In the past seven years 24 patients have been observed in whom gentle pressure on an extraordinarily hypersensitive portion of the xiphoid reproduced much or all of their pain. Some of them had coronary-artery, arthritic, gastric, duodenal, gall-bladder or esophageal disease; others, however, seemed healthy except for their discomfort and tenderness. The xiphoid is not often examined routinely even in careful physical examinations. It is with the hope of encouraging further study of the hypersensitive xiphoid that this report is . . .
PWE-225 Efficacy of faecal lactoferrin in IBS and IBD: a comparative study
Authors: H Jayasena, C S Probert, P Savage, R Greenwood
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Faecal lactoferrin (FL) has been proposed as a non-invasive diagnostic tool in IBD.<sup>1</sup> This is the first study conducted in a UK outpatient setting comparing simple colitis index (SCI) for ulcerative colits (UC) and Harvey Bradshaw index (HBI) for Crohn9s disease (CD) against FL concentration in IBD and IBS patients. <h3>Methods</h3> From an IBD outpatient clinic, stool samples were collected and concurrent disease activity recorded for UC, CD, IBS patients along with samples from healthy volunteers. Using IBD-Scan®, a quantitative ELISA, FL concentration was measured. Each participant9s recorded clinical index at time of collection was compared against calculated FL concentration to assess clinical efficacy of FL in determining disease status in IBD and in differentiating IBD from IBS. <h3>Results</h3> Spearman9s correlation for correlation between LF and clinical score indices: 0.027 (p&lt;0.05). <h3>Conclusion</h3> FL is useful in staging of IBD and in differentiating IBD from IBS. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared. <h3>Reference</h3> 1. <b>Baveye S</b>, Elass E, Mazurier J, <i>et al.</i> Lactoferrin: a multifunctional glycoprotein involved in the modulation of the inflammatory process. <i>Clin Chem Lab Med</i> 1999;<b>37</b>:281–6.
465 POTENTIAL ECONOMIC IMPACT OF APPLYING ONUBA SCALE: A NOVEL PROGNOSTIC MODEL OF RESPONSE IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS C GENOTYPE 1
Authors: F.M. Jiménez Macías, M. Ramos Lora, F. Barrero Alor, L. Galisteo Almeda, C. Ruíz-Frutos, E. Pujol de la Llave, S. Grutzmancher Saiz, M.V. Salinas-Martín, J.L. Robles Rodríguez, S. Rodríguez- Novoa, E. Alvárez Barco, M. Prada Peña, A. Camacho, M.A.N. Fabis, Consejería de Salud, Junta de Andalucia Huelva
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)