tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Alcohol use and binge drinking among women of childbearing age — United States, 2011–2013
Authors: Cheryl H. Tan, Clark H. Denny, Nancy E. Cheal, Joseph E. Sniezek, Dafna Kanny
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2015)

Excessive alcohol use is risk factor for a wide range of health and social problems including liver cirrhosis, certain cancers, depression, motor vehicle crashes, and violence. Alcohol use during pregnancy can lead to fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs) and other adverse birth outcomes . Community studies estimate that as many as 2% to 5% of first grade students in the United States might have an FASD, which include physical, behavioral, or learning impairments. In 2005, the Surgeon General reissued an advisory urging women who are or might be pregnant to abstain from alcohol consumption to eliminate the risk for FASDs or other negative birth outcomes. To estimate current prevalences of any alcohol use and binge drinking (consuming four or more drinks on an occasion) among pregnant and nonpregnant women aged 18-44 years in the United States, CDC analyzed 2011-2013 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data. Among pregnant women, the prevalences of any alcohol use and binge drinking in the past 30 days were 10.2% and 3.1%, respectively. Among nonpregnant women, the prevalences of any alcohol use and binge drinking in the past 30 days were 53.6% and 18.2%, respectively. Among binge drinkers, pregnant women reported a significantly higher frequency of binge drinking than nonpregnant women (4.6 and 3.1 episodes, respectively); the largest amount consumed during binge drinking was also higher among pregnant women than nonpregnant women (7.5 versus 6.0 drinks), although this difference was not statistically significant. Implementation of evidence-based clinical and community-level strategies would be expected to reduce binge drinking among pregnant women and women of childbearing age, and any alcohol consumption among women who are or might be pregnant. Healthcare professionals can support these efforts by implementing alcohol screening and brief interventions in their primary care practices, and informing women that there is no known safe level of alcohol consumption when they are pregnant or might be pregnant.
An open-label study to evaluate dose and cycle dependence of the pharmacokinetics (PK) of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD)
Authors: A. Gabizon, R. Isacson, O. Rosengarten, D. Tzemach, H. Shmeeda, R. Sapir
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

2012 Background: There are no definitive data in humans on the dose dependency and/or cycle dependency of the pharmacokinetics of PLD. The skin toxicity of PLD tends to worsen after several treatment cycles. Therefore, it is important to characterize the PK of PLD after 2 or more cycles. Methods: Fifteen patients with various solid tumors were randomized to two arms of treatment in an open-label study. Arm A received PLD at doses of 60, 30, and 45 mg/m 2 in 3 successive cycles every 4 weeks (q4w). Arm B received PLD at doses of 30, 60, and 45 mg/m 2 in 3 successive cycles q4w. Twelve patients, 6 on each arm, completed all three cycles and were fully evaluable. Plasma levels of doxorubicin were analyzed by HPLC and fluorimetry following a previously published method (J Chromatogr B, 779:259–69, 2002) with minor modifications. PK analysis was done by non-compartmental method. The following parameters were obtained: Cmax, AUC∞, terminal half-life (T 1/2 ), and Clearance (CL). The paired t test was used for statistical analysis. Results: There was no significant difference in the parameters examined when the dose was increased from 30 to 60 mg/m 2 . However, when we analyzed the effect of cycle number on the PK, we found a gradual and significant inhibition of CL when patients advance from the 1 st through the 3 rd cycle of PLD (p=0.0003), with a mean increase of 44% in AUC/mg dose (p=0.0011). Cmax and T 1/2 mean values increased by 17% and 18% respectively between the 1 st and 3 rd cycles, but only the increase in T 1/2 was statistically significant (p=0.0127). Conclusion: While the PK of PLD is not dose-dependent within the dose range of 30 to 60mg/m 2 , there is evidence of a cycle-dependent effect that results in inhibition of CL when patients receive successive cycles of PLD. This effect may account for the delayed skin toxicity of PLD. These results suggest the need for dose adjustments of PLD to minimize the risk of toxicity, such as an initial high loading dose followed by reduced maintenance doses from the 2 nd or 3 rd cycle onwards. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
Poor Survival Outcomes In Myelodysplastic Syndrome Patients With Non-t(6;9) and Non-Inv(3) Balanced Chromosomal Rearrangements Are Influenced By SRSF2 Mutations
Authors: Jing Ai, Valeria Visconte, Ali Tabarroki, Edy Hasrouni, Betty K. Hamilton, Sudipto Mukherjee, Matt Kalaycio, Ronald M. Sobecks, Anjali S. Advani, Mikkael A. Sekeres, Shashirekha Shetty, Ramon V. Tiu
Journal: Blood (2013)
Preirradiation cisplatin and etoposide in the treatment of high-risk medulloblastoma and other malignant embryonal tumors of the central nervous system: a phase II study.
Authors: E H Kovnar, S J Kellie, M E Horowitz, R A Sanford, J W Langston, R K Mulhern, J J Jenkins, E C Douglass, E E Etcubanas, D L Fairclough
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1990)

Medulloblastoma, pineoblastoma, and cerebral neuroblastoma are malignant embryonal tumors of the CNS that may demonstrate similar histologic features, a propensity for neuraxis dissemination and sensitivity to radiation therapy and, in certain cases, chemotherapy. To evaluate the activity of preirradiation chemotherapy in such tumors, 11 newly diagnosed children with measurable residual disease and characteristics indicative of poor prognosis were treated postoperatively with cisplatin (CDDP) and etoposide (VP-16). Responses graded on the basis of radiographic findings in areas of either macroscopic residual tumor or metastatic disease included two complete responses (CRs), eight partial responses (PRs), and one stable disease (SD). Acute and subacute toxicity consisted of high-frequency hearing loss in four patients, reversible signs and symptoms of increased intracranial pressure in two patients, and transient neutropenia. Seven of eight patients with high-risk medulloblastoma and two of two with pineoblastoma remain free of tumor progression following neuraxis irradiation at 8 to 48 months postdiagnosis (median, 18 months). CDDP and VP-16 is a highly active drug combination when given before irradiation in children with high-risk medulloblastoma and other malignant embryonal tumors of the CNS, producing objective responses in at least one site of measurable disease in 10 of 11 newly diagnosed patients, including all of five with gross neuraxis dissemination.
Abstract 13812: The Influence of Exercise on Vascular Complications and Mortality Ii Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Juuso I Makinen, Clara Chow, Sophia Zoungas, Stephen Harrap, Michel Marre, Bruce Neal, Neil Poulter, Anushka Patel, Mark Woodward, John Chalmers, Graham Hillis
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: It is generally presumed that patients with diabetes who participate in regular exercise will experience fewer vascular complications. The evidence for this is, however, limited. In par...
Homeostatic Control of Innate Lung Inflammation by Vici Syndrome Gene Epg5 and Additional Autophagy Genes Promotes Influenza Pathogenesis
Authors: Qun Lu, Christine C. Yokoyama, Jesse W. Williams, Megan T. Baldridge, Xiaohua Jin, Brittany DesRochers, Traci Bricker, Craig B. Wilen, Juhi Bagaitkar, Ekaterina Loginicheva, Alexey Sergushichev, Darren Kreamalmeyer, Brian C. Keller, Yan Zhao, Amal Kambal, Douglas R. Green, Jennifer Martinez, Mary C. Dinauer, Michael J. Holtzman, Erika C. Crouch, Wandy Beatty, Adrianus C.M. Boon, Hong Zhang, Gwendalyn J. Randolph, Maxim N. Artyomov, Herbert W. Virgin
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2016)
Physical activity and cardiovascular health. NIH Consensus Development Panel on Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Health
Journal: JAMA (1996)

To provide physicians and the general public with a responsible assessment of the relationship between physical activity and cardiovascular health.A nonfederal, nonadvocate, 13-member panel representing the fields of cardiology, psychology, exercise physiology, nutrition, pediatrics, public health, and epidemiology. In addition, 27 experts in cardiology, psychology, epidemiology, exercise physiology, geriatrics, nutrition, pediatrics, public health, and sports medicine presented data to the panel and a conference audience of 600 during a 2-day public session. Questions and statements from conference attendees were considered during the open session. Closed deliberations by the panel occurred during the remainder of the second day and the morning of the third day.The literature was searched through MEDLINE and an extensive bibliography of references was provided to the panel and the conference audience. Experts prepared abstracts with relevant citations from the literature. Scientific evidence was given precedence over clinical anecdotal experience.The panel, answering predefined questions, developed their conclusions based on the scientific evidence presented in open forum and the scientific literature.The panel composed a draft statement that was read in its entirety and circulated to the experts and the audience for comment. There-after, the panel resolved conflicting recommendations and released a revised statement at the end of the conference. The panel finalized the revisions within a few weeks after the conference.All Americans should engage in regular physical activity at a level appropriate to their capacity, needs, and interest. Children and adults alike should set a goal of accumulating at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity on most, and preferably all, days of the week. Most Americans have little or no physical activity in their daily lives, and accumulating evidence indicates that physical inactivity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, moderate levels of physical activity confer significant health benefits. Even those who currently meet these daily standards may derive additional health and fitness benefits by becoming more physically active or including more vigorous activity. For those with known cardiovascular disease, cardiac rehabilitation programs that combine physical activity with reduction in other risk factors should be more widely used.
A Predictive Model for Lymph Node Involvement with Malignancy on PET/CT in Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Malcolm D. Mattes, Wolfgang A. Weber, Amanda Foster, Ariella B. Moshchinsky, Salma Ahsanuddin, Zhigang Zhang, Weiji Shi, Nabil P. Rizk, Abraham J. Wu, Hani Ashamalla, Andreas Rimner
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2015)
Abstract 26: Suppression of E-cadherin mediates gallotannin-induced apoptosis in Hep G2 hepatocelluar carcinoma cells
Authors: Hee Young Kwon, Ji Hoon Jung, Hyun Joo Lee, Myoung Seok Jeong, Deok-Beom Jung, Bonglee Kim, Hyemin Lee, Sung-Hoon Kim
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Though gallotannin was known to have anti-oxidant and antitumor activity, the underlying antitumor mechanism of gallotannin still remains unclear. Thus, in the present study, antitumor mechanism of gallotannin was elucidated in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Gallotannin significantly exerted cytotoxicity against Hep G2 and Chang hepatocellular carcinoma cells with the accumulation of the sub-G1 population and increase of terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferasedUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) positive cells as an apoptotic feature. Also, gallotannin attenuated the expression of pro-caspase9, pro-caspase3, Bcl2 and integrin β1 and cleaved poly(ADP)-ribose polymerase (PARP) in Hep G2 and Chang cancer cells. Furthermore, gallotannin suppressed cell repair motility by wound healing assay and also inhibited cell adhesion in Hep G2 cells. Of note, gallotannin attenuated the expression of epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin) to form cell-cell adhesion from the early stage, and also beta-catenin at late phase in Hep G2 cells. Consistently, Immunofluorescence assay showed that E-cadherin or β-catenin expression was suppressed in a time dependent manner by gallotannin. Furthermore, silencing of E-cadherin by siRNA transfection method enhanced PAPR cleavage, caspase 3 activation and sub G1 population and attenuated the cell adhesion induced by gallotannin in Hep G2 cells. Overall, our findings demonstrate that the disruption of cell adhesion junction by suppression of E-cadherin mediates gallotannin enhanced apoptosis in Hep G2 liver cancer cells. Citation Format: Hee Young Kwon, Ji Hoon Jung, Hyun Joo Lee, Myoung Seok Jeong, Deok-Beom Jung, Bonglee Kim, Hyemin Lee, Sung-Hoon Kim. Suppression of E-cadherin mediates gallotannin-induced apoptosis in Hep G2 hepatocelluar carcinoma cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 26. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-26
Abstract 15328: Benefits of Prophylactic Pulmonary Vein Isolation in Reducing Future Risk of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients Undergoing Catheter Ablation for Typical Atrial Flutter: Results From a Randomized Trial (REDUCE AF)
Authors: Sanghamitra Mohanty, Prasant Mohanty, Luigi Di Biase, Chintan Trivedi, Pasquale Santangeli, Rong Bai, John D Burkhardt, Joseph Gallinghouse, Rodney Horton, Javier Sanchez, Patrick Hranitzky, Amin Al-Ahmad, Steven Hao, Richard Hongo, Salwa Beheiry, Gemma Pellargonio, Giovanni Forleo, Antonio Rossillo, Sakis Themistoklakis, Michela Casella, Antonio Dello Russo, Claudio Tondo, Andrea Natale, Sanjay Dixit
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Catheter ablation of cavo-tricuspid isthmus (CTI) is considered to be the most effective therapy for eliminating target arrhythmia in lone atrial flutter (AFL). However, many patients subsequently develop AF after CTI ablation. Therefore, prophylactic pulmonary vein antrum isolation (PVAI) along with CTI ablation could be considered as an alternate option in these patients. We aimed to compare long-term incidence of post-ablation atrial fibrillation following CTI alone or CTI plus PVAI in patients presenting with isolated AFL and no history of atrial fibrillation. Methods: This multi-center prospective randomized study enrolled 216 patients undergoing catheter ablation for isolated typical atrial flutter. Patients were randomized to CTI alone (group 1, n=108, 61.2±9.7 year, 75% male, LVEF 59±10%) or combined ablation CTI+PVAI (group 2, n=108, 62.4±9.3 year, 73% male, LVEF 57±11%). Insertible Loop Recorder (ILR) was implanted in 21 and 19 patients from group 1 and 2 respectively, on the day of the ablation procedure. Remaining patients were monitored for recurrence with event recorders, ECG, 7-day Holter and cardiology evaluation. All patients were followed up for 18±6 months for recurrence. Results: Compared to group 1, group 2 had significantly longer average procedural duration (75.9±33 min vs. 161±48 min [p &lt;0.001]) and fluoroscopy time (15.9±12.3 min vs 56.4+21 min [p&lt;0.001]). At the end of 18±6 months follow-up, 65 (60.2%) in group 1 and 77 (71.3%) in group 2 were arrhythmia free off-AAD (log-rank p=0.044). A subgroup analysis was performed with a 55 year age cut-off. In the &lt;55 age group the CTI only population had similar success as in CTI+PVI without undergoing the additional PVI (21 of 24 [83.3%] vs. 19 of 22 [86.4%] respectively, log-rank p=0.74). In the ≥55 group, having CTI+PVI showed significantly higher success compared to CTI only; 45 of 84 (53.6%) were AF/AT free in CTI only group compared to 58 of 86 (67.4%) with CTI+PVI (log-rank p= 0.029). Distribution of AF incidence was not different between patients with and without ILR. Conclusion: Prophylactic PVAI in lone atrial flutter caused marked reduction in new-onset AF in patients ≥ 55 years whereas younger patients (&lt;55 years) did not incur any benefit from the additional procedure.
Information and consent forms should use short words and sentences
Authors: N. Pfeffer
Journal: BMJ (1996)

novel treatments in children with acute life threatening disease might expect parents to agree to anything that might increase their child's chance of survival.Our experience shows that this is not true in all cases.Most local research ethics committees are now moving towards asking for reports of trials they have approved.It is rare, however, for them to ask about refusals to par- ticipate.Reports of trials to the committees and for publication should routinely state the proportion of people who refuse to participate and the reasons for this.This information may suggest whether patients are being properly informed, may help with study design, and might also be a means of detecting scientific fraud.
Microsatellite Instability and<i>BRAF</i>and<i>KRAS</i>Mutations in Stage III Colon Cancer
Authors: Dirk Klingbiel, Sabine Tejpar
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Maculopapular rashes secondary to gemcitabine injection for non-small-cell lung cancer.
Authors: Y M Chen, J M Liu, C M Tsai, J Whang-Peng, R P Perng
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1996)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1996.14.5.1743 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 8622097 Maculopapular rashes secondary to gemcitabine injection for non-small-cell lung cancer. Y M ChenxY M ChenSearch for articles by this author , J M LiuxJ M LiuSearch for articles by this author , C M TsaixC M TsaiSearch for articles by this author , J Whang-PengxJ Whang-PengSearch for articles by this author , R P PerngxR P PerngSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1996.14.5.1743 PDF "Maculopapular rashes secondary to gemcitabine injection for non-small-cell lung cancer.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 14(5), pp. 1743–1744© 1996 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Vandals force volunteer doctors to close clinic in Calais’s refugee camp
Authors: Richard Hurley
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Bringing care to thousands of refugees in northern France comes with many challenges, as <b>Richard Hurley </b>reports. The charity Doctors of the World is well versed in helping the most vulnerable people in both developing and developed countries, which is why we’ve chosen it for <i>The BMJ</i>’s winter appeal this year. Please give generously
Abstract 301: Does Refibrillation Occur in High-Impedance Patients Who Have Received Shocks Using Biphasic Waveforms with Longer Pulse Durations?
Authors: Rebecca Di Maio, Paul Crawford, David Brody, Andrew Howe, Paul McCanny, Lauren Crawford, Gloria Crispino-O’Connell, Jennifer Adgey
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction The electrical impedance between defibrillator pads has a significant effect on the ability of defibrillators to deliver a therapeutic shock. A variety of technologies are used to deliver the chosen therapeutic shocks safely yet effectively across a wide range of patient impedances. Defibrillators will not deliver a shock above pre-set impedance. We assessed the hypothesis that devices which have pulse durations over 20ms may predispose the patient to spontaneous re-fibrillation after a successful shock. Methods Two defibrillators were tested. Device A (A) limited the current delivered and in high impedance patients would extend the pulse duration as needed to deliver the selected energy while staying below the current limit. Device B (B) would truncate the shock to restrict the pulse duration but operated with higher currents. A high impedance porcine model of ventricular fibrillation (VF) was created. Following pilot work we were unable to demonstrate any relationship between pig mass and impedance. Therefore to create high impedance it was necessary to place resistors in series with the pig between the defibrillator under test and the pads. Results From the pilot studies we determined that an impedance of approximately 95ohms resulted in a pulse duration of 20ms when device A delivered a 200J shock. A total of 5 anaesthetised pigs weighing 17-20kg (18.8kg) where used with 168 episodes of VF where impedance was greater than 100 ohms are included in the results. Two energies were tested for A (150 and 200J). B only delivers shocks at a single energy (150J). No re-fibrillation was observed in any patient after any shock. Conclusions This study failed to show any evidence of re-fibrillation even at pulse durations longer than 20ms with either device.
Chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer: where do we stand?
Authors: C S Fuchs
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1997)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1997.15.11.3299 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 9363858 Chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer: where do we stand? C S FuchsxC S FuchsSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1997.15.11.3299 PDF "Chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer: where do we stand?." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 15(11), pp. 3299–3300© 1997 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Pulmonary function in Thai children and adolescents with obesity
Authors: Wilaiwan Khrisanapant, Upa Kukongviriyapan, Orapin Pasurivong, Phouvang Sengmeuang
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Morbid obesity is well recognized to be associated with reduced lung function. Unlike adults, studies in children and adolescents are limited and demonstrate conflicting results in regard to changes in lung volumes with obesity. This study aimed to examine whether obesity impaired pulmonary function in Thai children and adolescents. Thirty nine Thai aged 12- to 18-years were recruited. A Vitalograph 2120 Hand Held Storage Spirometer (Vitalograph Ltd, England) was used to measure pulmonary function. Out of 39 subjects, 49% (n=19) were normal weight with normal lung function, e.g. FEV1 ≥80% (Group A, BMI 20.2±1.6 kg/m 2 ), 36% (n=14) were obese with normal FEV1, e.g. FEV1 ≥80% (Group B, BMI 32.2±4.4 kg/m 2 ) and 15% (n=6) were obese with reduced FEV1, e.g. FEV1  2 ). The age and height were not significantly different whereas the weight, BMI and the WHR were significantly different among the 3 groups (p  This study demonstrates that only those with morbid obesity had a restrictive lung disease.