tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Influenza Vaccination and Major Adverse Vascular Events in High-Risk Patients
Authors: Jennie Johnstone, Mark Loeb, Koon K. Teo, Peggy Gao, Leanne Dyal, Lisheng Liu, Alvaro Avezum, Ernesto Cardona-Munoz, Peter Sleight, Robert Fagard, Salim Yusuf
Journal: Circulation (2012)

We sought to determine the association between influenza vaccination and major adverse vascular events because the association remains uncertain.A total of 31 546 participants were enrolled from 40 countries. Eligibility included age ≥55 years and known vascular disease. The primary outcome was a composite of death resulting from cardiovascular causes, myocardial infarction, or stroke during 4 influenza seasons (2003-2007). Influenza vaccination was associated with a lower risk of the outcome during 3 influenza seasons (defined using World Health Organization FluNet reports): 2004 to 2005 (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 0.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.50-0.77), 2005 to 2006 (adjusted OR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.53-0.91), and 2006 to 2007 (adjusted OR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.42-0.65), the same years that circulating influenza matched the vaccine antigen. In 2003 to 2004, there was an incomplete match between circulating influenza and the vaccine antigen, and there was no association between influenza vaccination and the outcome (adjusted OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.73-1.27). However, tests of potential biases in the analyses revealed associations between influenza vaccination and outcome during noninfluenza seasons except 2003 to 2004. The summary ORs in the influenza season (OR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.58-0.74]) and noninfluenza season (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.57-0.76) were almost identical. The reduction in risk of noncardiovascular death associated with the influenza vaccine ranged from 73% to 79%.Although initial analyses suggest that influenza vaccination was associated with reduced risk of major adverse vascular events during influenza seasons when the influenza vaccine matched the circulating virus, sensitivity analyses revealed that risk of bias remained. A randomized trial is needed to definitively address this question.
Polymorphism of a high molecular weight schizont antigen of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum.
Authors: J S McBride, C I Newbold, R Anand
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1985)

Intraspecies antigenic diversity in the blood stages of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum was investigated using a collection of murine monoclonal antibodies and clones of the parasite. The results were as follows: (a) The schizont and merozoite stages of the parasite express on their surface clonally restricted antigens detectable by strain-specific antibodies in indirect immunofluorescence tests. (b) These restricted antigens are phenotypically stable characteristics of clones grown in vitro. (c) The molecules carrying the specific antigens were isolated by immunoprecipitation and were found to be parasite proteins ranging in size from Mr 190,000 to 200,000 between clones. (d) Comparative immunoprecipitation and peptide mapping of these molecules showed that each parasite clone expresses a protein that is antigenically and structurally distinct from the equivalent products of several other clones. (e) The different clonal products are, however, immunologically interrelated, since they possess determinants in common with all tested isolates of the parasite. (f) These polymorphic molecules are closely related to a previously described schizont protein of P. falciparum that is posttranslationally cleaved into fragments located on the merozoite surface. These findings show the existence of a family of related polymorphic schizont antigens (PSA) of P. falciparum, whose expression is clonally restricted, and indicate that these proteins have regions of constant and variable antigenicity. We propose that a system of immunological classification of the parasite can be developed based on the polymorphism of these proteins.
Diagnostic precision of PET imaging and functional MRI in disorders of consciousness: a clinical validation study
Authors: Johan Stender, Olivia Gosseries, Marie-Aurélie Bruno, Vanessa Charland-Verville, Audrey Vanhaudenhuyse, Athena Demertzi, Camille Chatelle, Marie Thonnard, Aurore Thibaut, Lizette Heine, Andrea Soddu, Mélanie Boly, Caroline Schnakers, Albert Gjedde, Steven Laureys
Journal: The Lancet (2014)
OC-038 Healthcare use according to body mass index (BMI) category in individuals registered to GP practices: Abstract OC-038 Table 1
Authors: K E Ashman, A L Cawood, R J Stratton
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Previous studies have assessed the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and healthcare use in primary care settings but have been limited to individuals with pre-defined diseases or those with a recorded diagnosis of malnutrition.<sup>1–3</sup> This study using data from The Health Improvement Network (THIN) database (UK) aimed to examine GP-related healthcare use and hospital admissions according to two BMI categories (underweight and normal weight) across all individuals registered to GP practice. <h3>Methods</h3> Two cohorts of individuals registered with GPs were randomly selected from the THIN database (Cohort 1 BMI ≤19.9 kg/m<sup>2</sup> n2632, Cohort 2 BMI 20.0 to ≤24.9 kg/m<sup>2</sup> n2632). Cohorts were matched for age (52 y (22.4)), gender (81% female) and GP practice. Individuals were included if they had at least two BMIs recorded from May 2010 to May 2011 and were registered for at least 12 months. Individuals were excluded if they; were living in institutions, had conditions affecting weight for example, oedema, had a BMI &lt;13.0 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, or receiving palliative/end of life care. GP-related healthcare use (practice visits, home visits, out of hours visits, telephone consultations) and hospital admissions over 1 year were retrieved using read codes and locate flags; and a simple cost analysis was undertaken using unit costs.<sup>4</sup> <h3>Results</h3> A significantly greater proportion of individuals with a BMI ≤19.9 kg/m<sup>2</sup> had at least one; home, out of hours visit or telephone consultation with the GP practice (Abstract OC-038 table 1), and had significantly more practice visits than individuals with a BMI 20.0 to ≤24.9 kg/m<sup>2</sup> (8.5 vs 8.3 visits respectively p=0.022 Mann–Whitney U). Similar results were seen for hospital admissions, with a significantly greater proportion of individuals with a BMI ≤19.9 kg/m<sup>2</sup> being admitted to hospital (Abstract OC-038 table 1). Compared to individuals with a BMI 20.0 to ≤24.9 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, mean GP contact costs per person per year were increased by £29.54 and admissions by £34.62 per year.<sup>5</sup> <h3>Conclusion</h3> This study using data from THIN shows that individuals registered with their GP, with a low BMI (≤19.9 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) use significantly more healthcare resources than those with a normal BMI (20.0 to ≤24.9 kg/m<sup>2</sup>). The contribution of disease types and severity, social and nutrition-related factors needs to be further evaluated. <h3>Competing interests</h3> K Ashman Employee of: Nutricia, A Cawood Employee of: Nutricia, R Stratton Employee of: Nutricia. <h3>References</h3> 1. <b>Martyn CN</b>, <i>et al. Clin Nutr</i> 1998;<b>17</b>:119–23. 2. <b>Edington J</b>, <i>et al. Proc Nutr Soc</i> 1999;<b>58</b>:655–61. 3. <b>Guest JF</b>, <i>et al. Clin Nutr</i> 2011;<b>30</b>:422–9. 4. <b>Curtis L</b>. Unit cost of health and social care. 2010.
Abstract B23: DNA damage response in responder lymphocytes reduces vaccine efficacy following alkylating chemotherapy.
Authors: Adam J. Litterman, David M. Zellmer, Karen L. Grinnen, Arkadiusz Z. Dudek, David A. Largaespada, John R. Ohlfest
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The effect of alkylating chemotherapy on cancer vaccines is controversial, with numerous reports of immune stimulation via Treg depletion following cyclophosphamide and temozolomide treatment. Using a pre-clinical model of a cancer vaccine in both naïve and tumor bearing animals, we observed that the direct anti-proliferative effect of drugs such as temozolomide or cyclophosphamide reduced the quantity of vaccine induced immune responses in a dose dependent manner. Amounts of temozolomide exposure in mice that duplicated human pharmacokinetic exposure and lymphopenia led to lower numbers of CD8 T cells elicited by vaccination with the model antigen ovalbumin. In vitro experiments with purified OT-I CD8 T cells implicated activation of DNA damage responses within strongly proliferating cells as the cause of this diminished immunity. ATM phosphorylation was greater in temozolomide or cyclophosphamide exposed OT-I cells stimulated with the canonical SIINFEKL peptide relative to variant peptides that trigger weaker TCR signaling. In vaccinated mice, this activation of DNA damage response in lymphocytes receiving the highest intensity TCR signals lead to lower avidity of responder cells for cognate antigen and lower effector function. These quantitative and qualitative defects of vaccine driven responses lead to inferior efficacy and loss of survival benefit in murine models. Mice bearing ovalbumin peptide expressing glioma had faster tumor growth and shorter survival following temozolomide and vaccine relative to vaccine only treated mice. Similar defects of vaccine generated responses and a loss of survival benefit relative to controls were observed in response to a neo-antigen vaccine following cyclophosphamide pre-treatment in melanoma bearing mice. The clinical relevance of this finding is demonstrated by a phase II cancer vaccine trial in metastatic melanoma patients where vaccine only patients survived a median of 4.2 years versus less than 8 months in patients treated with low dose cyclophosphamide before vaccine. Citation Format: Adam J. Litterman, David M. Zellmer, Karen L. Grinnen, Arkadiusz Z. Dudek, David A. Largaespada, John R. Ohlfest. DNA damage response in responder lymphocytes reduces vaccine efficacy following alkylating chemotherapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology: Multidisciplinary Science Driving Basic and Clinical Advances; Dec 2-5, 2012; Miami, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(1 Suppl):Abstract nr B23.
A model for acute haemodynamic studies in the ascending aorta in pigs
Authors: J M Hasenkam, J H Ostergaard, E M Pedersen, P K Paulsen, H Nygaard, B A Schurizek, G Johannsen
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1988)

Since data on velocity fields in the ascending aorta downstream of normal aortic valves in pigs have not yet been obtained velocity profiles were visualised using a hot film anemometer needle probe before and after total cardiopulmonary bypass and cold cardioplegic arrest. Furthermore, measurements were made during increased heart rate and cardiac output. A dynamic three dimensional visualisation of velocity fields showed a skewed clockwise rotating velocity profile, developing from peak systole and continuing throughout the systolic deceleration phase. This pattern was consistent regardless of the haemodynamic state. Heart rate was increased to 180 beats.min-1 and cardiac output by a maximum of 91%. It is concluded that the pig model is valuable for haemodynamic studies in the ascending aorta before and after cold cardioplegic arrest and that the velocity profiles found in this study are important basic data for velocity field studies downstream of artificial heart valves implanted in the aortic position.
Accuracy of Recorded Tumor, Node, and Metastasis Stage in a Comprehensive Cancer Center
Authors: J. D. Brierley
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: The benefits of recording the tumor, node, and metastasis (TNM) stages of cancer patients are well accepted, but little is known about how accurately this is performed. An audit was performed to determine the accuracy of recorded stage and to act as a baseline before the implementation of an education program. PATIENTS AND METHODS: All new patient referrals to Princess Margaret Hospital between July 1 and August 31, 1997, were reviewed. An audit panel composed of five health record technicians (HRTs) and 10 doctors was assembled. Each auditor reviewed 10% of the health record. If there was a discrepancy between the stage in the health record and the auditor stage, then the final stage was determined by the audit committee. Analysis of the agreement between the health record, the physician auditor, the HRT auditor, and the final stage was performed. RESULTS: A total of 855 patients were referred with a new diagnosis of a malignancy for which there was a TNM stage system; 833 patients (97.4%) had a stage assigned. There was agreement between the health record stage and final stage in 80% (95% confidence interval [CI], 77% to 82%) of cases for clinical stage, compared with 90% (95% CI, 87% to 92%) for pathologic stage. Of the major site groups, lung was the least accurately recorded. The most common major discrepancies were due to the recording of X when a definite category could be assigned. CONCLUSION: This audit demonstrates the importance of staging and provides impetus to develop staging guidelines and education programs.
Antagonism of VEGF-A–induced increase in vascular permeability by an integrin α3β1-Shp-1-cAMP/PKA pathway
Authors: Soo Hyeon Kim, Young-Rak Cho, Hyeon-Ju Kim, Joa Sub Oh, Eun-Kyung Ahn, Hye-Jin Ko, Byung Joon Hwang, Seo-Jin Lee, Yongwan Cho, Yong Kee Kim, William G. Stetler-Stevenson, Dong-Wan Seo
Journal: Blood (2012)
Immune Sensitization and Mortality in Wait-Listed Kidney Transplant Candidates
Authors: Ruth Sapir-Pichhadze, Kathryn J. Tinckam, Andreas Laupacis, Alexander G. Logan, Joseph Beyene, S. Joseph Kim
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2015)

Cardiovascular mortality is the leading cause of death in ESRD. Whereas innate and adaptive immunity have established roles in cardiovascular disease, the role of humoral immunity is unknown. We conducted a retrospective cohort study in first-time adult kidney transplant candidates (N=161,308) using data from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients and the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services to evaluate whether anti-human leukocyte antigen antibodies, measured as panel reactive antibodies (PRAs), are related to mortality in ESRD. Relationships between time-varying PRAs and all-cause or cardiovascular mortality were assessed using Cox proportional hazards models. The analysis was repeated in subcohorts of candidates at lower risk for significant comorbidities, activated on the waiting list after 2007, or unsensitized at activation. Competing risks analyses were also conducted. Fully adjusted models showed increased hazard ratios (HRs [95% confidence intervals]) for all-cause mortality (HR, 1.02 [95% CI, 0.99 to 1.06]; HR, 1.11 [95% CI,1.07 to 1.16]; and HR,1.21 [95% CI,1.15 to 1.27]) and cardiovascular mortality (HR, 1.05 [95% CI,1.00 to 1.10]; HR,1.11 [95% CI,1.05 to 1.18]; and HR,1.21 [95% CI,1.12 to 1.31]) in PRA 1%-19%, PRA 20%-79%, and PRA 80%-100% categories compared with PRA 0%, respectively. Associations between PRA and the study outcomes were accentuated in competing risks models and in lower-risk patients and persisted in other subcohorts. Our findings suggest that PRA is an independent predictor of mortality in wait-listed kidney transplant candidates. The mechanisms by which PRA confers an incremental mortality risk in sensitized patients, and the role of transplantation in modifying this risk, warrant further study.
Ramosetron vs. ramosetron plus dexamethasone for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: Prospective, randomized, and double-blind study
Authors: Jung-Hee Ryu, Ji-Eun Chang, Hye-Rim Kim, Jung-Won Hwang, Ah-Young Oh, Sang-Hwan Do
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2013)
Exercise performance and gas exchange after bilateral video-assisted thoracoscopic lung volume reduction for severe emphysema
Authors: U Stammberger, KE Bloch, R Thurnheer, R Bingisser, W Weder, EW Russi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1998)

Lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) improves dyspnoea and pulmonary function in selected patients with severe emphysema. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of LVRS on exercise performance and gas exchange in relation to changes in pulmonary function. In 40 patients (63.2+/-1.4 yrs, mean+/-SE) with severe emphysema (forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) 29+/-1% predicted, residual volume/total lung capacity (RV/TLC) ratio: 0.63+/-0.01) we assessed dyspnoea, pulmonary function and exercise performance before and 3 months after bilateral video-assisted thoracoscopic LVRS. The Medical Research Council dyspnoea score fell from 3.5+/-0.1 to 1.4+/-0.1 (p&lt;0.0005); FEV1 increased by 55+/-9% to 44+/-2% pred (p&lt;0.0005), RV/TLC decreased from 0.63+/-0.01 to 0.51+/-0.02 (p&lt;0.0005). The diffusing capacity remained unchanged. Maximal work load during bicycle ergometry increased from 34.3+/-2.0 to 48.9+/-2.4 W (p&lt; 0.0005), maximal oxygen uptake (V'O2max) from 10.0+/-0.4 to 12.8+/-0.3 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1) (p&lt;0.0005). The increase in maximal ventilation during exercise (V'Emax) from 29.5+/-1.5 to 38.6+/-1.8 L x min(-1) (p&lt;0.0005) was associated with increases in tidal volumes at isowatt and maximal exercise while corresponding breathing frequencies remained unaltered. The increases in V'O2max and V'Emax correlated with the increases in FEV1 and the decreases in RV/TLC. We conclude that the improvement in pulmonary hyperinflation and airflow obstruction after bilateral thoracoscopic lung volume reduction surgery may reduce ventilatory limitation, thereby increasing exercise capacity.
Increased venous pressure causes myogenic constriction of cerebral arterioles during local hyperoxia.
Authors: E P Wei, H A Kontos
Journal: Circulation Research (1984)

The responses of cerebral (pial) arterioles to increased venous pressure were examined in anesthetized cats equipped with cranial windows for the observation of the cerebral microcirculation. Increased venous pressure was induced by occlusion of the superior vena cava. Intracranial pressure was kept constant. Increased venous pressure when the window was filled with stationary cerebrospinal fluid caused 9-12% arteriolar dilation. Cerebral arteriolar dilation of equal magnitude (8-12%) was also seen when the space under the cranial window was perfused with fluorocarbon FC-80 equilibrated with 100% nitrogen. Increased venous pressure when the cranial window space was perfused with fluorocarbon equilibrated with 100% oxygen caused a small (5%) but significant arteriolar constriction. These results show that the dominant mechanism of autoregulation in the cerebral arterioles is metabolic, and that it involves an oxygen-sensitive mechanism. Myogenic vasoconstriction is unmasked during venous hypertension when the dominant metabolic mechanism is eliminated by increased local supply of oxygen.
Bazex paraneoplastic acrokeratosis in prostate carcinoma
Authors: O.E. OBASI, S.K. GARG
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

Journal Article Bazex paraneoplastic acrokeratosis in prostate carcinoma Get access O.E. OBASI, O.E. OBASI Departments of Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospitals, Kaduna, Nigeria Dr Obasi Erem Obasi, Department of Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Kaduna, Nigeria. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S.K. GARG S.K. GARG Departments of Surgery, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospitals, Zaria, Nigeria Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 117, Issue 5, 1 November 1987, Pages 647–651, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1987.tb07498.x Published: 01 November 1987
Malignant transformation in a defined genetic background: proteome changes displayed by 2D-PAGE
Authors: Stephanie M Pütz, Fotini Vogiatzi, Thorsten Stiewe, Albert Sickmann
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2010)

Cancer arises from normal cells through the stepwise accumulation of genetic alterations. Cancer development can be studied by direct genetic manipulation within experimental models of tumorigenesis. Thereby, confusion by the genetic heterogeneity of patients can be circumvented. Moreover, identification of the critical changes that convert a pre-malignant cell into a metastatic, therapy resistant tumor cell, however, is one necessary step to develop effective and selective anti-cancer drugs. Thus, for the current study a cell culture model for malignant transformation was used: Primary human fibroblasts of the BJ strain were sequentially transduced with retroviral vectors encoding the genes for hTERT (cell line BJ-T), simian virus 40 early region (SV40 ER, cell line BJ-TE) and H-Ras V12 (cell line BJ-TER).The stepwise malignant transformation of human fibroblasts was analyzed on the protein level by differential proteome analysis. We observed 39 regulated protein spots and therein identified 67 different proteins. The strongest change of spot patterns was detected due to integration of SV40 ER. Among the proteins being significantly regulated during the malignant transformation process well known proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) as well as the chaperones mitochondrial heat shock protein 75 kDa (TRAP-1) and heat shock protein HSP90 were identified. Moreover, we find out, that TRAP-1 is already up-regulated by means of SV40 ER expression instead of H-Ras V12. Furthermore Peroxiredoxin-6 (PRDX6), Annexin A2 (p36), Plasminogen activator inhibitor 2 (PAI-2) and Keratin type II cytoskeletal 7 (CK-7) were identified to be regulated. For some protein candidates we confirmed our 2D-PAGE results by Western Blot.These findings give further hints for intriguing interactions between the p16-RB pathway, the mitochondrial chaperone network and the cytoskeleton. In summary, using a cell culture model for malignant transformation analyzed with 2D-PAGE, proteome and cellular changes can be related to defined steps of tumorigenesis.
A clinical and serological study of rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: M Corbett, J M Downes, F R Schmid
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1967)

Thepresence ofserological abnormalities in patients withrheumatoid arthritis hasbeenwidely reported andtheir relationship tothecourseand severity ofthedisease hasbeenassessed byvarious workers. Duthie, Brown, Truelove, Baragar, and Lawrie (1964), ina follow-up study ofpatients 9 years after discharge fromhospital, showedthatthe results ofthesheep cell agglutination test(SCAT) hadasignificant relationship toprognosis. Alexander, Bremner, andDuthie(1960) foundthat severe disease wasmostcommon inpatients in whomboththeSCAT andtheantinuclear factor (ANF)test werepositive. Condemi, Barnett, Atwater, Jacox, Mongan, andVaughan, (1965) alsodemonstrated arelationship between thepresence ofANF andtheseverity ofthedisease, though Ward, Johnson, andHolborow, (1964) felt thatapositive ANF test didnotimply aless favourable prognosis. Diseases inwhichautoimmunity isthought toplay apartcoverawiderange, fromtheorgan-specific suchasHashimoto's thyroiditis, wherein only one tissue isinvolved, towidespread non-organ-specific conditions suchassystemic lupus erythematosus. There isconsiderable clinical andserological overlap in theautoimmune diseases. In thepresent investigation, therefore, we havestudied theincidenceofnumerous clinical features ofrheumatoid arthritis andofawiderange ofautoantibodies ina groupofconsecutive hospital out-patients withthe disease. Thesehavebeencompared withthe findings inagroup ofcontrol subjects andanattempt hasbeenmadetocorrelate theserological findings withtheclinical state ofthepatients. Patients andMethods 120consecutive patients withclassical ordefinite rheumatoid arthritis (American Rheumatism Association, 1959) attending routine clinics attheDepartment of
Angiotensin II receptor blockade reduces new-onset atrial fibrillation and subsequent stroke compared to atenolol
Authors: Kristian Wachtell, Mika Lehto, Eva Gerdts, Michael H. Olsen, Björn Hornestam, Björn Dahlöf, Hans Ibsen, Stevo Julius, Sverre E. Kjeldsen, Lars H. Lindholm, Markku S. Nieminen, Richard B. Devereux
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2005)