tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
RELATIONSHIP JUMP-LANDING TECHNIQUE AND NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS, IMPLICATIONS FOR ACL INJURY PREVENTION
Authors: A Benjaminse, M Meijer, N Cortes, A Gokeler
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2014)

Background Neuropsychological capabilities in athletes may be associated with a predisposition to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. Objective Assess differences between male and female athletes in jump-landing technique in relation to their neuropsychological capabilities. Design Experimental. Setting Laboratory. Participants 31 recreational athletes, free from lower extremity injuries, participated (females: n=16, age=21.0±1.71 years, mass=65.1±5.6 kg, height=174.2±68.9 cm; males n=15, age=22.3±2.2 years, mass=77.9±8.9 kg, height=185.7±78.7 cm). Assessment of risk factors Reaction time (RT) under stress was measured. Furthermore, participants conducted anticipated (ANT) and unanticipated (UNANT) double-legged drop-jumps, followed by running at 4.5-5.5 m/sec 45° to the left, straight, or 45° to the right, depending on the light indication prior to landing on the force plates. Main outcome measures RT and joint kinematics (trunk flexion-TF, ankle flexion-AF) and kinetics (knee abduction moment-KAM, ankle extension moment-AEM) at peak vertical ground reaction force (vGRF,N/kg). Moments are expressed as external moments (Nm/kg). Pearson product-moment correlation between RT and joint biomechanics. Results During UNANT, KAM became significantly larger (P=.010) in females (–0.37±0.1) than males (–0.16±0.1). TF was greater in the AT (29.7°±3.3°) than UNANT (46.1°±3.1°) regardless of gender (P&lt;001). AEM was smaller in females (2.1±0.1) than males (2.6±0.1), (P=.001). AF was smaller (i.e., increased flexion) when running straight (80.8°±0.8°) compared to the left or right (84.6°±0.7°, P=.002 and 84.2°±0.8°, P=.008). vGRF was smaller when running straight (22.8±1.0) compared to the left or right (31.5±1.0, P&lt;.001 and 28.8±1.0, P&lt;.001). Significant correlations (r 0.5-0.8, P&lt;.05) were seen between faster RT and greater hip and knee flexion angle and smaller KAM and knee abduction angle. Conclusions Females reacted differently to UNANT in the frontal plane, potentially placing them at greater ACL injury risk. In the sagittal plane, females showed stiffer ankle landing. Further, a change in direction increased vGRF. Smaller knee flexion combined with smaller TF angles during UNANT, may increase loads at the knee. Lastly, neuropsychological characteristics seem to affect ACL injury risk.
Treatment of Urethral Stricture Disease by Internal Urethrotomy followed by Intermittent ‘Low-Friction’ Self-Catheterization: Preliminary Communication
Authors: W T Lawrence, R P MacDonagh
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1988)

The aim of this study was to determine whether the natural course of urethral stricture disease could be modified following urethrotomy by teaching patients intermittent self-catheterization. Preliminary results in 42 patients show that postoperative urine flow rates can be maintained if this method of ‘low-friction’ catheterization is adopted. The technique has been well received by an elderly group of patients and can be recommended for wider use.
New immunosuppressive drugs and lung transplantation: last or least?
Authors: J W K van den Berg, D S Postma, G H Koeter, W van der Bij
Journal: Thorax (1999)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <h3>Background</h3> There is growing literature on the association of SARS-CoV-2 and other chronic respiratory conditions, such as COPD and asthma. However, little is known about the relationship between coinfection with tuberculosis (TB) and COVID-19. We aimed to compare the risk and survival time of death and recovery among COVID-19 patients with and without TB. <h3>Methods</h3> We created a 4:1 propensity score matched sample of COVID-19 patients without and with TB, using SARS-CoV-2 surveillance data in the Philippines. We conducted a longitudinal cohort analysis of matched COVID-19 patients as of May 17, 2020, following them until June 15, 2020. The primary analysis estimated the risk ratios of death and recovery comparing COVID-19 patients with and without TB. Kaplan-Meier curves described time-to-death and time-to-recovery stratified by TB status, and differences in survival were assessed using the Wilcoxon test. We also conducted the same analysis on a subsample of admitted COVID-19 patients only. <h3>Results</h3> The risk of death in COVID-19 patients with TB was 2.17 times greater compared to those without TB (95% CI: 1.40-3.37). The risk of recovery in TB patients was 25% less than the risk among those without TB (RR=0.75, 0.63-0.91). Similarly, time-to-death among COVID-19 patients with TB was significantly shorter (p=0.0031) and time-to-recovery in TB patients was significantly longer than patients without TB (p=0.0046). Among those admitted, COVID-19 TB patients also had a similar significant increase in risk of death (RR=2.25, 95% CI: 1.35-3.75); however, the risk of recovery was not significantly less (RR=0.84, 95% CI: 0.68-1.06). Time-to-death among those with TB was also significantly longer (p=0.0031) than those without TB, but there was no difference in time-to-recovery (p=0.17). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our findings show that coinfection with tuberculosis increases morbidity and mortality in COVID-19 patients. Our findings reiterate the need to prioritize routine and testing services for tuberculosis, even with increased disruptions to health systems during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Additional research needs to focus on the interrelationship between TB and COVID-19 for appropriate planning and resource allocation, as SARS-CoV-2 continues to spread worldwide.
Expression of Malignancy in Interspecies Chinese Hamster × Mouse Cell Hybrids 2
Authors: Georges Barski, Marie-Genevieve Blanchard, Jung Koo Youn, Bernadette Leon
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

Interspecies hybrids of mouse R4/B, bromodeoxyuridine (BUDR)-resistant, malignant cells carrying an overt murine C-type virus infection and Chinese hamster D/AD/Aza, 8-azaguanine-resistant, nonmalignant cells were developed in vitro after elimination of the parent cells in the HAT medium. The hybrid HyCS cells were apparently free of C particles. They presented a wide display of karyologic variants showing a majority of mouse telocentric chromosomes and a minority of chromosomes from the Chinese hamster parent. Most of the hybrid population inherited the hamster cell resistance to actinomycin D (AD). The HyCS cells had both mouse and hamster cell-surface antigens and an “intermediary” morphology, HyCS cells inoculated into cheek pouches of Syrian hamsters or into embryonated chick eggs (chorioallan-toic membrane or brain) produced tumors from which secondary tumorigenic HyCST lines were developed; this showed a further shift toward higher numbers of predominantly telocentric chromosomes and a return to sensitivity to AD. Mice syngeneic to the R4/B parent cells rejected the inoculated HyCS cells, then became resistant to challenge with R4/B malignant cells. The nature of the tumor-specific transplantation antigen characteristic of R4/B cells and expressed in the hybrid cells, despite repression of the murine C-type virus infection, is discussed.
Rab31 expression levels modulate tumor-relevant characteristics of breast cancer cells
Authors: Bettina Grismayer, Susanne Sölch, Bastian Seubert, Thomas Kirchner, Sonja Schäfer, Gustavo Baretton, Manfred Schmitt, Thomas Luther, Achim Krüger, Matthias Kotzsch, Viktor Magdolen
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2012)

Abstract Background Rab proteins constitute a large family of monomeric GTP-binding proteins that regulate intracellular vesicle transport. Several Rab proteins, including rab31, have been shown to affect cancer progression and are related with prognosis in various types of cancer including breast cancer. Recently, the gene encoding rab31 was found to be overexpressed in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer tissue. In a previous study we found a significant association of high rab31 mRNA expression with poor prognosis in node-negative breast cancer patients. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the impact of rab31 (over)-expression on important aspects of tumor progression in vitro and in vivo . Methods Breast cancer cells displaying low (MDA-MB-231) or no (CAMA-1) endogenous rab31 expression were stably transfected with a rab31 expression plasmid. Batch-transfected cells as well as selected cell clones, expressing different levels of rab31 protein, were analyzed with regard to proliferation, cell adhesion, the invasive capacity of tumor cells, and in vivo in a xenograft tumor model. Polyclonal antibodies directed to recombinantly expressed rab31 were generated and protein expression analyzed by immunohistochemistry, Western blot analysis, and a newly developed sensitive ELISA. Results Elevated rab31 protein levels were associated with enhanced proliferation of breast cancer cells. Interestingly, weak to moderate overexpression of rab31 in cell lines with no detectable endogenous rab31 expression was already sufficient to elicit distinct effects on cell proliferation. By contrast, increased expression of rab31 in breast cancer cells led to reduced adhesion towards several extracellular matrix proteins and decreased invasive capacity through Matrigel TM . Again, the rab31-mediated effects on cell adhesion and invasion were dose-dependent. Finally, in a xenograft mouse model, we observed a significantly impaired metastatic dissemination of rab31 overexpressing MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells to the lung. Conclusions Overexpression of rab31 in breast cancer cells leads to a switch from an invasive to a proliferative phenotype as indicated by an increased cell proliferation, reduced adhesion and invasion in vitro , and a reduced capacity to form lung metastases in vivo .
DCs redirect T cell traffic
Authors: Heather L. Van Epps
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2005)

Dendritic cells (DCs) are the master regulators of T cell recirculation, according to a study by Mora et al. on page 303. Memory T cells—thought to be programmed to return to the location in which they first encountered antigen—can be rerouted by an encounter with a DC from another location.Previous studies have shown that memory T cells express a characteristic array of adhesion molecules and chemokine receptors on their surface that reflect the location of activation and direct their trafficking back to that site. Recently, this group showed that gut DCs, but not spleen or peripheral lymph node DCs, induced the up-regulation of the gut-homing integrin α4β7 on T cells.






Figure 

T cell trafficking patterns can be changed after encounter with a dendritic cell from a new location.




Mora et al. now show that these “committed” T cells are not set in their ways. In vitro, T cells stimulated with skin-derived DCs and later restimulated with gut-derived DCs quickly replaced their skin-homing molecules with the gut-homing variety (and vice versa), demonstrating that recirculating T cells simply obey the signals provided by the most recently encountered DC. In vivo, tissue-specific effector–memory T cells can revert to central–memory status, thus acquiring the capacity to home to a variety of second lymphoid tissue where they can encounter new instructions from resident DCs.

This plasticity may be important, points out senior author Ulrich von Andrian, as it would allow the immune system to fight off pathogens that can colonize more than one site. It might also provide a new approach to treating T cell–mediated inflammatory diseases, if harmful T cells can be diverted to an innocuous site.
Regional Distribution of Myocardial Blood Flow in the Dog as Determined by Rb <sup>86</sup>
Authors: MATTHEW N. LEVY, JORGE MARTINS DE OLIVEIRA
Journal: Circulation Research (1961)

The distribution of Rb 86 Cl in the canine myocardium was determined at 20 seconds, 10 minutes, and 19 hours after administration of isotope. The uptake of Rb 86 20 seconds after injection is related to blood flow, and the myocardial distribution of isotope probably closely reflects the apportionment of coronary blood flow. The isotope was uniformly divided between the various regions of the left ventricle and averaged 6.4 per cent of the injected dose per 100 Gm. of tissue. This value exceeded the fractional uptake of 4.3 per cent for the right ventricle and 3.7 per cent for the atria. After 19 hours, the Rb 86 content serves virtually as a tracer for potassium. After this interval, the myocardial distribution of Rb 86 closely followed previously published reports of the relative potassium contents of the various myocardial regions.
An Automated Internet Behavioral Weight-Loss Program by Physician Referral: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: J. Graham Thomas, Tricia M. Leahey, Rena R. Wing
Journal: Diabetes Care (2014)

OBJECTIVE To evaluate 3- and 6-month weight-loss outcomes achieved when physicians refer overweight/obese patients to an automated 3-month Internet-based behavioral weight-loss intervention. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 154 patients age 18–70 years with a BMI between 25 and 45 kg/m2 and access to a personal computer and the Internet were randomly assigned to 3 months of Internet behavioral intervention (IBI; n = 77) with 12 weekly videos teaching behavioral weight-loss skills, a platform for submitting self-monitored data, and automated feedback or an education-only Internet-delivered eating and activity control group (IDEA; n = 77). Outcome measures were weight loss after 3 months (primary outcome) and 6 months and changes in weight-control behaviors (secondary outcomes). RESULTS In intent-to-treat analyses with baseline weight carried forward for missing data, IBI produced significantly larger mean (SD) weight losses than IDEA at 3 months (5.5 kg [4.4] vs. 1.3 kg [2.1]) and 6 months (5.4 kg [5.6] vs. 1.3 kg [4.1]) (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Participants in IBI compared with IDEA were also more likely to achieve a clinically significant weight loss of 5% of initial body weight at 3 months (53.3 vs. 9.1%) and 6 months (48.1 vs. 15.6%) (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and reported more frequent use of weight control–related strategies. CONCLUSIONS Physician referral to an Internet-based behavioral weight-loss intervention produced clinically significant weight loss for over half of the patients studied. Further research is needed to determine the effectiveness of implementing this intervention more broadly within diverse health care settings.
AHA/ACCF Scientific Statement on the Evaluation of Syncope
Authors: S. Adam Strickberger, D. Woodrow Benson, Italo Biaggioni, David J. Callans, Mitchell I. Cohen, Kenneth A. Ellenbogen, Andrew E. Epstein, Paul Friedman, Jeffrey Goldberger, Paul A. Heidenreich, George J. Klein, Bradley P. Knight, Carlos A. Morillo, Robert J. Myerburg, Cathy A. Sila
Journal: Circulation (2006)
Induction of membrane-type-1 matrix metalloproteinase by epidermal growth factor-mediated signaling in gliomas
Authors: Timothy E. Van Meter, William C. Broaddus, Harcharan K. Rooprai, Geoffrey J. Pilkington, Helen L. Fillmore
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2004)

Increased expression of membrane-type matrix metalloproteinases (MT-MMPs) has previously been reported to correlate with increasing grade of malignancy in gliomas, a relationship shared with alterations in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling. To investigate the possibility of a causative role for EGFR signaling in increasing MT-MMP expression and subsequent peritumoral proteolysis, we characterized glioma cell lines for expression of MT1-MMP, MT2-MMP, MT3-MMP, and MT5-MMP by Western blotting and by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis, and for MMP-2 activity following epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulation. EGF stimulation of glioma cell lines resulted in a 2- to 4-fold increase in MT1-MMP mRNA levels. Although there were slight differences in MT2-, MT3-, and MT5-MMP mRNA expression following EGF stimulation, none of these demonstrated an increase similar to that of MT1-MMP expression. Treatment of high-grade glioma cell lines U251MG and IPSB-18 with EGF for 24 h resulted in a several-fold increase in MT1-MMP protein (2.5- and 5.1-fold, respectively) and in cyclin D1 (2.9-fold), as compared to untreated controls. No significant increase was detected in other MT-MMPs at the protein level. Although there was no detectable increase in proMMP-2 protein, there was an increase in MMP-2 activity. Furthermore, the MT1-MMP induction by EGF was prevented by pretreatment with the EGFR-specific tyrphostin inhibitor AG1478. Similarly, treatment with the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor LY294002 prevented the induction of MT1-MMP protein by EGF stimulation. These compounds additionally inhibited EGF-stimulated invasion in Matrigel Transwell assays. Our results indicate that one mechanism of EGFR-mediated invasiveness in gliomas may involve the induction of MT1-MMP.
Extended major histocompatibility complex haplotypes in type I diabetes mellitus.
Authors: D Raum, Z Awdeh, E J Yunis, C A Alper, K H Gabbay
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1984)

We have studied major histocompatibility complex markers in Caucasian patients with type I diabetes mellitus and their families. The frequencies of extended haplotypes that were composed of specific HLA-B, HLA-DR, BF, C2, C4A, and C4B allelic combinations, which occurred more commonly than expected, were compared on random diabetic and normal chromosomes in the study families. We demonstrated that all of the previously recognized increases in HLA-B8, B18, B15, DR3, and perhaps DR4 could be ascribed to the increase among diabetic haplotypes of a few extended haplotypes: [HLA B8, DR3, SC01, GLO2]; [HLA-B18, DR3, F1C30]; [HLA-B15, DR4, SC33]; and [HLA-BW38, DR4, SC21]. In fact, HLA-DR3 on nonextended haplotypes was "protective", with a relative risk considerably less than 1.0. There was a paucity or absence among diabetic patients of several extended haplotypes of normal chromosomes, notably [HLA-B7, DR2, SC31] and [HLA-BW44, DR4, SC30]. The extended haplotype [HLA-BW38, DR4, SC21] is found only in Ashkenazi Jewish patients, which suggests that extended haplotypes mark specific mutations that arise in defined ethnic groups. The data show that no known MHC allele, including HLA-DR3 and possibly HLA-DR4, is per se a marker for or itself a susceptibility gene for type I diabetes. Rather, extended haplotypes, with relatively fixed alleles, are either carriers or noncarriers of susceptibility genes for this disease. Thus, the increased frequency (association) or the decreased frequency (protection) of individual MHC alleles is largely explainable by these extended haplotypes.
Nonlinear relationships among evolutionary rates identify regions of functional divergence in heat-shock protein 70 genes.
Authors: A L Hughes
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1993)

The neutral theory predicts that, in comparisons among related genes, the number of amino acid replacements per site in a given gene region should be a linear function of that in another region of the same gene, unless the genes have diverged functionally in one region. Therefore, nonlinearity of this relationship can be used to identify regions of possible functional divergence among members of a multigene family. This method of analysis was applied to members of the heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70) gene family, which encode highly conserved ATP-dependent chaperone proteins found in all organisms. A nonlinear relationship was found between the rate of amino acid replacement in the conserved IA domain of the ATPase portion of the molecule and that in other ATPase domains and the peptide-binding domain. These results suggest that genes in the HSP70 subfamily C (dnaK of bacteria and SSC1 of yeast) may have diverged functionally from other subfamilies in the ATPase domains, especially IIB, whereas SSB1 of yeast has diverged markedly in the peptide-binding domain. Functional divergence within these regions is consistent with what is known about functional differences between the HSP70 subfamilies in yeast.
Multivitamins in the Prevention of Cancer in Men
Authors: J. Michael Gaziano, Howard D. Sesso, William G. Christen, Vadim Bubes, Joanne P. Smith, Jean MacFadyen, Miriam Schvartz, JoAnn E. Manson, Robert J. Glynn, Julie E. Buring
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Multivitamin preparations are the most common dietary supplement, taken by at least one-third of all US adults. Observational studies have not provided evidence regarding associations of multivitamin use with total and site-specific cancer incidence or mortality.
Point-of-Care Tests to Strengthen Health Systems and Save Newborn Lives: The Case of Syphilis
Authors: David C. Mabey, Kimberly A. Sollis, Helen A. Kelly, Adele S. Benzaken, Edward Bitarakwate, John Changalucha, Xiang-Sheng Chen, Yue-Ping Yin, Patricia J. Garcia, Susan Strasser, Namwinga Chintu, Tikki Pang, Fern Terris-Prestholt, Sedona Sweeney, Rosanna W. Peeling
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2012)

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Implantable Miniature Telescope for the Treatment of Visual Acuity Loss Resulting from End-Stage Age-Related Macular Degeneration: 1-Year Results
Authors: Henry L. Hudson, Stephen S. Lane, Jeffrey S. Heier, R. Doyle Stulting, Lawrence Singerman, Paul R. Lichter, Paul Sternberg, David F. Chang
Journal: Ophthalmology (2006)
Developmental changes in the expression of rabbit left ventricular troponin T.
Authors: P A Anderson, G E Moore, R N Nassar
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

We examined cardiac troponin T (TnT) isoform expression in rabbit left ventricular myocardium at three different stages of postnatal development. Using sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis (PAGE), we resolved five isoforms: TnT1, TnT2, TnT3, TnT4, and TnT5. TnT1 had the slowest electrophoretic mobility and TnT5 the fastest. The predominant isoforms were TnT2, TnT3, and TnT4. The relative amounts of TnT2, TnT3, TnT4, and TnT5 were examined in myocardium from three age-groups: 3 days (Group 1), 21-22 days (Group 2), and 99-109 days (Group 3). The amount of TnT2 relative to the total amount of TnT (determined by the ratio of the areas under the densitometric curves) decreased significantly (p less than 0.01) with age from 42 +/- 4% in Group 1 to 25 +/- 3% in Group 3. In contrast, the relative amount of TnT4 increased with age from 23 +/- 2% in Group 1 to 33 +/- 4% in Group 3 (p less than 0.01). The relative amounts of the other two isoforms change biphasically with development: TnT3 decreased from Group 1 to Group 2 and increased from Group 2 to Group 3. TnT5, a minor isoform, increased from Group 1 to Group 2 and decreased from Group 2 to Group 3. These developmental changes in troponin T expression may account for some of the maturational changes observed in the physiological and biochemical properties of the myocardium.