tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinical, epidemiological and virological features of dengue virus infections in vietnamese patients presenting to primary care facilities with acute undifferentiated fever
Authors: Khoa T.D. Thai, Hoang Lan Phuong, Tran Thi Thanh Nga, Phan Trong Giao, Le Quoc Hung, Nguyen Van Nam, Tran Quang Binh, Cameron Simmons, Jeremy Farrar, Tran Thinh Hien, H. Rogier van Doorn, Menno D. de Jong, Peter J. de Vries
Journal: Journal of Infection (2010)

To explore clinical and virological characteristics and describe the epidemiology of dengue in patients who presented with acute undifferentiated fever (AUF) at primary health centers (PHC) in Binh Thuan Province, Vietnam.A prospective observational study was conducted from 2001 to 2006 to study the aetiology in AUF patients. Demographic and clinical information was obtained, and dengue polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and serology were performed on a random selection of patients.Three hundred fifty-one serologically confirmed dengue patients including 68 primary and 283 secondary infections were included in this study. In 25% (86/351) dengue virus (DENV) was detected by RT-PCR among which 32 DENV-1, 16 DENV-2, 1 DENV-3 and 37 DENV-4 were identified. The predominant dengue serotype varied by year with seasonal fluctuation: DENV-4 in 2001-2002, DENV-1 and DENV-2 from 2003 to 2006. Primary dengue was more common in children. Higher viraemia levels (P=0.010) were found in primary infections compared to secondary infections. DENV-1 infected patients had higher viraemia levels than DENV-2 (P=0.003) and DENV-4 (P<0.001) infected patients. Clinical symptoms were often seen in adults. Few differences in clinical symptoms were found between primary and secondary infection and no significant differences in clinical symptoms between the serotypes were observed.Our data provide insight in the epidemiology, clinical profile and virological features of mild symptomatic dengue patients who presented to PHC with AUF in Vietnam.
Prevalence of HIV-related Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in the Current Antiretroviral Therapy Era
Authors: Olivier Sitbon, Caroline Lascoux-Combe, Jean-François Delfraissy, Patrick G Yeni, François Raffi, Dominique De Zuttere, Virginie Gressin, Pierre Clerson, Daniel Sereni, Gérald Simonneau
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2007)

The prevalence of HIV-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) has not been evaluated since introduction of combined, highly active antiretroviral treatments.To establish the current prevalence of PAH in a large HIV-positive population.Prospective study conducted in 7,648 consecutive HIV-positive adults in 14 HIV clinics in France. PAH was identified through screening with a predefined algorithm. Patients with dyspnea unexplained by other causes underwent transthoracic Doppler echocardiography. PAH was suspected if peak velocity of tricuspid regurgitation was greater than 2.5 m/second and was confirmed by right heart catheterization.PAH was diagnosed if mean pulmonary arterial pressure at rest was 25 mm Hg or greater (with pulmonary capillary wedge pressure < or = 15 mm Hg) or 30 mm Hg or greater on exercise. A total of 739 patients had dyspnea, of which 312 met exclusion criteria and 150 refused to participate. Among the remaining 277, 30 had known PAH and 247 had unexplained dyspnea and underwent echocardiography; PAH was suspected in 18 and confirmed in 5, to give a total of 35 cases. The prevalence was thus 0.46% (95% confidence interval, 0.32-0.64%). All new cases had relatively milder PAH.The prevalence of HIV-associated PAH is about the same as it was in the early 1990s. Given the current good long-term prognosis of patients with HIV, the severity of PAH in HIV-infected patients, and the absence of predictive factors, careful screening for PAH is warranted for patients with unexplained dyspnea.
Transduction of folate receptor cDNA into cervical carcinoma cells using recombinant adeno-associated virions delays cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo.
Authors: X L Sun, B R Murphy, Q J Li, S Gullapalli, J Mackins, H N Jayaram, A Srivastava, A C Antony
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Although folate receptors (FRs) mediate folate uptake into cells, the independent role of FRs in cell proliferation remains unclear. We tested the hypothesis that transduction of FR cDNA in sense or antisense orientation using recombinant adeno-associated virus modulated FR expression and altered proliferation of cervical carcinoma cells (which constitutively overexpress FR genes). We determined that the integration of recombinant adeno-associated virions was not site specific. When compared with untransduced cells, sense and antisense FR cDNA-transduced cells exhibited an increase and decrease in FR mRNA and FR expression on the cell surface, respectively. However, when compared with antisense FR cDNA-transduced and untransduced cells, sense FR cDNA-transduced cells exhibited statistically significant (a) increased in total FRs, (b) smaller colonies, (c) lowered cell proliferation in vitro, and (d) less tumor volume with dramatic prolongation of tumor doubling times (225.6 h vs. 96 h) after transplantation into nude mice. Finally, (f) using single cell-derived transduced clones, an inverse relationship between cell proliferation and FR expression was established (r = 0.90, P < 0.001). Thus, transduction of sense/antisense FR cDNA into cervical carcinoma cells modulated expression of FRs and had an impact on cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo.
MECHANISMS OF VERTEBRATE SYNAPTOGENESIS
Authors: Clarissa L. Waites, Ann Marie Craig, Craig C. Garner
Journal: Annual Review of Neuroscience (2005)

The formation of synapses in the vertebrate central nervous system is a complex process that occurs over a protracted period of development. Recent work has begun to unravel the mysteries of synaptogenesis, demonstrating the existence of multiple molecules that influence not only when and where synapses form but also synaptic specificity and stability. Some of these molecules act at a distance, steering axons to their correct receptive fields and promoting neuronal differentiation and maturation, whereas others act at the time of contact, providing positional information about the appropriateness of targets and/or inductive signals that trigger the cascade of events leading to synapse formation. In addition, correlated synaptic activity provides critical information about the appropriateness of synaptic connections, thereby influencing synapse stability and elimination. Although synapse formation and elimination are hallmarks of early development, these processes are also fundamental to learning, memory, and cognition in the mature brain.
From pollen count to pollen potency: the molecular era of aerobiology
Authors: Lorenzo Cecchi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

In 1873, Charles Harrison Blackley recognised pollen as the cause of hay fever and “hay asthma” [1]. For the first time, he collected pollen grains with a kite that had a sticky tail and then he counted them. Being affected by seasonal asthma himself, he also performed the first skin prick test on his own arm. Since then, aerobiology (from Greek άήρ, aēr, “air”; βίiος, bios, “life”; and -λογίiα, -logia), a branch of biology that studies airborne organic particles, including pollen grains and fungal spores, has played a key role in the study of the relationship between allergic diseases and pollen. Although thousands of experimental studies have supported the role of pollen in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis, asthma and conjunctivitis, data from epidemiological studies were controversial in many cases, casting doubt on the pollen count ( i.e. the number of pollen of the same type per cubic metre of air) as a reliable proxy of allergen exposure.

Several reasons can be claimed for the inconsistency of these results. One is that effects of pollen cannot be considered the same for all species. The mix of allergenic pollen to which the allergic population is exposed varies dramatically both qualitatively (types of pollen) and quantitatively (amount of pollen), according to the characteristics of the local flora. Diversity of exposure profile accounts for the impossibility of finding a “universal” concentration of pollen that is able to induce symptoms, i.e. the clinical threshold, as is possible in the case of urban pollutants, for which limits are established at a European level. In fact, the clinical threshold of pollen varies in different geographical areas and among different pollen taxa, as extensively reviewed by De Weger et al. [2]. As a consequence, for instance, threshold values ranged between 4 and …
Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy may predict future brain lesions in SLE patients: a functional multi-imaging approach and follow up
Authors: G Castellino
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2005)

To determine whether single photon emission tomography (SPECT) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) can predict the appearance of new lesions in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), detectable by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).(99)Tc(m)-HMPAO-SPECT, brain MRI, and (1)H-MRS were done in eight women with SLE (mean age 31.8 years; disease duration 5.5 years). NAA/Cho, NAA/Cre, and Cho/Cre ratios were assessed in hypoperfused and normoperfused areas detected by SPECT that were normal on MRI examination. Reference values were obtained in 20 normal healthy controls. In five patients, MRI was repeated four to six years after the first evaluation.Mean NAA/Cho and Cho/Cre ratios in hypoperfused and normoperfused frontal areas were, respectively, lower and higher than control. There were no differences in NAA/Cre ratios. Mean Cho/Cre ratios were increased in hypoperfused v normoperfused brain areas (mean (SD): 1.43 (0.27) v 1.00 (0.07); p<0.023). NAA/Cre ratios were not altered (2.18 (0.30) v 1.99 (0.28); p = 0.381). Three of five patients who had a second MRI had new lesions in areas previously abnormal on MRS and SPECT but normal on first MRI. One patient with positive MRI, SPECT, and MRS showed an increase in the number of MRI lesions; one patient with negative MRI, SPECT, and MRS did not show any new lesions.Abnormalities reflecting altered perfusion or neuronal-chemical changes can be demonstrated by functional imaging techniques even in the absence of morphological lesions detectable by MRI. The abnormal areas identified by SPECT and MRS may predict future parenchymal damage.
Insulin Regimens and Clinical Outcomes in a Type 1 Diabetes Cohort
Authors: Catherine Pihoker, Angela Badaru, Andrea Anderson, Timothy Morgan, Lawrence Dolan, Dana Dabelea, Giuseppina Imperatore, Barbara Linder, Santica Marcovina, Elizabeth Mayer-Davis, Kristi Reynolds, Georgeanna J. Klingensmith
Journal: Diabetes Care (2012)

To examine the patterns and associations of insulin regimens and change in regimens with clinical outcomes in a diverse population of children with recently diagnosed type 1 diabetes.
Blood Pressure Control and Cognitive Performance
Authors: Charles DeCarli
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Ixabepilone in Combination with Capecitabine and as Monotherapy for Treatment of Advanced Breast Cancer Refractory to Previous Chemotherapies
Authors: Robert J. Lechleider, Edvardas Kaminskas, Xiaoping Jiang, Robeena Aziz, Julie Bullock, Ravindra Kasliwal, Ravi Harapanhalli, Sarah Pope, Rajeshwari Sridhara, John Leighton, Brian Booth, Ramzi Dagher, Robert Justice, Richard Pazdur
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Purpose: To describe the considerations leading to marketing approval of ixabepilone in combination with capecitabine and as monotherapy for the treatment of advanced breast cancer that is refractory to other chemotherapies. Experimental Design: Data from one randomized multicenter trial comparing combination therapy with ixabepilone and capecitabine to capecitabine alone were analyzed for support of the combination therapy indication. For monotherapy, a single-arm trial of ixabepilone was analyzed. Supporting data came from an additional single-arm combination therapy study and two single-arm monotherapy studies. Results: In patients with metastatic or locally advanced breast cancer who had disease progression on or following an anthracycline and a taxane, ixabepilone plus capecitabine showed an improvement in progression-free survival compared with capecitabine alone {median progression-free survival, 5.7 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 4.8-6.7] versus 4.1 (95% CI, 3.1-4.3) months, stratified log-rank P &amp;lt; 0.0001; hazard ratio, 0.69 (95% CI, 0.58-0.83)}. As monotherapy for patients who had disease progression on or following an anthracycline, a taxane, and capecitabine, ixabepilone as monotherapy showed a 12% objective response rate by independent blinded review and 18% by investigator assessment. The major toxicities from ixabepilone therapy were peripheral neuropathy and myelosuppression, particularly neutropenia. Conclusions: On October 16, 2007, the Food and Drug Administration approved ixabepilone for injection in combination with capecitabine or as monotherapy for the treatment of patients with advanced breast cancer who have experienced disease progression on previous chemotherapies.
A phase II multicenter study of oxaliplatin in combination with paclitaxel in poor prognosis patients who failed cisplatin-based chemotherapy for germ-cell tumors
Authors: C. Theodore, C. Chevreau, Y. Yataqhene, K. Fizazi, J.-P. Delord, J.-P. Lotz, L. Geoffrois, P. Kerbrat, V. Bui, A. Flechon
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2008)
The Clinical use of Colony Stimulating Factors
Authors: M A Moore
Journal: Annual Review of Immunology (1991)

Colony stimulating factors and interleukins regulate proliferation, differentiation, and functional activation of hematopoietic cells of multiple lineages. These hematopoietic growth factors are proving effective in vivo in stimulation of granulopoiesis in clinical situations associated with myelosuppression. G-CSF and GM-CSF promote accelerated granulocyte recovery following chemotherapy, or allogeneic or autologous bone marrow transplantation, in patients with cancer. In congenital defects of granulocyte production or in acquired disorders such as idiopathic neutropenia or aplastic anemia, CSF administration can lead to recovery of functioning granulocytes. This has resulted in a reduction in the morbidity and mortality associated with these diseases and now permits both a dose and a schedule intensification of chemotherapy. In myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes, CSF treatment, particularly G-CSF, has proved effective for certain patients in improving neutrophil, platelet, and occasionally red cell production while reducing blast cells. The recombinant growth factors are generally well tolerated with few limiting toxicities at dose levels that effectively stimulate hematopoiesis.
Relation of childhood gastrointestinal disorders to autism: nested case-control study using data from the UK General Practice Research Database
Authors: C. Black
Journal: BMJ (2002)

To assess whether children with autism are more likely to have a history of gastrointestinal disorders than children without autism.Nested case-control study.UK General Practice Research Database.Children born after 1 January 1988 and registered with the General Practice Research Database within 6 months of birth.Chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, coeliac disease, food intolerance, and recurrent gastrointestinal symptoms recorded by the general practitioner.9 of 96 (9%) children with a diagnosis of autism (cases) and 41 of 449 (9%) children without autism (matched controls) had a history of gastrointestinal disorders before the index date (the date of first recorded diagnosis of autism in the cases and the same date for controls). The estimated odds ratio for a history of gastrointestinal disorders among children with autism compared with children without autism was 1.0 (95% confidence interval 0.5 to 2.2).No evidence was found that children with autism were more likely than children without autism to have had defined gastrointestinal disorders at any time before their diagnosis of autism.
Doppler mapping of postoperative left atrioventricular valve regurgitation.
Authors: E J Meijboom, R K Wyse, T Ebels, J E Deanfield, J M Quaegebeur, R H Anderson, J I Brenner
Journal: Circulation (1988)

Left atrioventricular valve regurgitation often occurs as a postoperative hemodynamic complication from repair of an atrioventricular septal defect. In this study, cross-sectional two-dimensional Doppler flow mapping of the left atrium was used to quantify postoperative regurgitant flow in 29 patients. Its severity and location was related to the shape of the three leaflets of the left component of the atrioventricular valve, especially to the size of the mural leaflet. To identify which leaflet configuration was likely to cause regurgitation, the position of the leaflets was obtained from the parasternal short-axis view and the angular size of the mural leaflet expressed in degrees of an arc. Doppler mapping was performed in the apical four-chamber and the parasternal long-axis views, dividing the left atrium in nine squares in each. Regurgitation was defined as a jetlike systolic downstroke of the Doppler frequency shift in early systole. The angular size of the mural leaflet varied from 38 to 144 degrees (mean 86 +/- 36 SD). Massive regurgitation (six to nine sites) was encountered in seven patients, five with a mural leaflet size of over 110 degrees, one with mural leaflet size between 70 and 110 degrees, and one with a mural leaflet size of under 70 degrees. No or minimal regurgitation was encountered in 10 patients, three having a mural leaflet size of 70 to 110 degrees and seven with a mural leaflet size of less than 70 degrees. These data suggest that massive regurgitation is encountered in patients with large mural leaflets, whereas patients with smaller mural leaflets tend to have no or mild regurgitation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Expression of the Cysteinyl Leukotriene 1 Receptor in Normal Human Lung and Peripheral Blood Leukocytes
Authors: DAVID J. FIGUEROA, RICHARD M. BREYER, STEPHANIE K. DEFOE, STACIA KARGMAN, BRUCE L. DAUGHERTY, KRISTINE WALDBURGER, QINGYUN LIU, MICHELLE CLEMENTS, ZHIZEN ZENG, GARY P. O'NEILL, THOMAS R. JONES, KEVIN R. LYNCH, CHRISTOPHER P. AUSTIN, JILLY F. EVANS
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

The cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) are important mediators of human asthma. Pharmacologic and clinical studies show that the CysLTs exert most of their bronchoconstrictive and proinflammatory effects through activation of a putative, 7-transmembrane domain, G-protein–coupled receptor, the CysLT1 receptor. The initial molecular characterization of the CysLT1 receptor showed by in situ hybridization, the presence of CysLT1 receptor messenger RNA (mRNA) in human lung smooth-muscle cells and lung macrophages. We confirmed the results of these in situ hybridization analyses for the CysLT1 receptor, and produced the first immunohistochemical characterization of the CysLT1 receptor protein in human lung. The identification of the CysLT1 receptor in the lung is consistent with the antibronchoconstrictive and antiinflammatory actions of CysLT1 receptor antagonists. We also report the expression of CysLT1 receptor mRNA and protein in most peripheral blood eosinophils and pregranulocytic CD34+ cells, and in subsets of monocytes and B lymphocytes.
Rosuvastatin, Identified From a Zebrafish Chemical Genetic Screen for Antiangiogenic Compounds, Suppresses the Growth of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Chunyang Wang, Weiyang Tao, Youdong Wang, Jennifer Bikow, Bingxin Lu, Armand Keating, Subodh Verma, Thomas G. Parker, Ruifa Han, Xiao-Yan Wen
Journal: European Urology (2010)
Motion of the tricuspid valve annulus in anesthetized intact dogs.
Authors: A G Tsakiris, D D Mair, S Seki, J L Titus, E H Wood
Journal: Circulation Research (1975)

Phasic variations in the size, position, and geometry of the tricuspid valve annulus during the cardiac cycle were studied in five normal anethetized dogs 2-6 weeks after 8-11 lead beads had been sutured on the endocardial surface of the valve ring during cardiopulmonary bypass. Field-by-field measurements from biplane videoangiograms were used to assess changes in valve ring size and shape during control hemodynamic conditions and during increased heart rates. In addition, the percutaneous production of a complete atrioventricular block in two dogs enabled us to observe the effect of isolated atrial contractions on the valve annulus. During normal sinus rhythm, progressive narrowing of the annulus during atrial and ventricular contractions reduced its area by 20-39% of the maximal valve circumference during diastole; approximately two-thirds of the total ring narrowing was associated with atrial systole. These findings suggest that one of the functions of atrial contraction is the reduction in size of the atrioventricular valve orifices prior to the onset of ventricular systole.
Association between glycated haemoglobin and the risk of congestive heart failure in diabetes mellitus: systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Sebhat Erqou, Chee‐Tin Christine Lee, Matthew Suffoletto, Justin B. Echouffo‐Tcheugui, Rudolf A. de Boer, Joost P. van Melle, Amanda I. Adler
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2012)