tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 63: Time to Target Temperature and Neurological Outcome in Survivors of Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Sarah M Perman, Anne V Grossestreuer, Marion Leary, David F Gaieski, Brendan G Carr, Benjamin S Abella
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction: Substantial variability exists in time to target temperature for patients who undergo therapeutic hypothermia (TH) after cardiac arrest. How this variability may affect or predict neurologic outcomes is unknown. Hypothesis: Prolonged pre-induction time, or shorter times to target temperature will be associated with poor neurologic outcomes compared to shorter pre-induction times and a more gradual decline to target temperature. Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of TH patients from three institutions with identical TH protocols (PATH Database). Demographic variables were collected and analyzed using chi square and Student’s t-tests. We examined the association between time from arrest to return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) (downtime), time from ROSC to initiation of TH (pre-induction) and time from initiation of TH to arrival at target temperature (induction) and Cerebral Performance Category (CPC) using logistic regression. Results: We enrolled 180 patients with mean age 59.1 ± 15.5 yrs, 56% male, and 26.1% with VF/VT as an initial rhythm. At discharge, 26% (47/180) of the cohort had CPC category 1 or 2 (good neurologic outcome). Mean downtime for survivors with a good outcome was 21.5 ± 13.7 mins vs. 32.6 ± 21.7 mins (p=0.004) for those with poor outcome. Mean pre-induction time for good outcome (CPC 1 or 2) was 144.5 ± 205.4 mins compared to 145.5 ± 171.1 mins for bad outcome (p=ns). Mean induction time for good outcome (CPC 1 or 2) was 270.8 ± 160.8 mins compared to 252.3 ± 151.3 mins for bad outcome (p=ns). In analyses adjusting for gender, initial rhythm, and downtime, there was no association between pre-induction time (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.99-1.0, p=ns) or induction time (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.99-1.0, p=ns), and neurologic outcome. Conclusion: In this cohort of post-arrest TH patients, pre-induction time and induction time do not appear to be associated with poor neurologic outcome. Further analysis is necessary to examine this phenomenon.
Body temperature, rate of biosynthesis, and evolution of genome size.
Authors: X Xia
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1995)

An optimality model relating the rate of biosynthesis to body temperature and gene duplication is presented to account for several observed patterns of genome size variation. The model predicts (1) that poikilotherms living in a warm climate should have a smaller genome than poikilotherms living in a cold climate, (2) that homeotherms should have a small genome as well as a small variation in genome size relative to their poikilothermic ancestors, (3) that cold geological periods should favor the evolution of poikilotherms with a large genome and that warm geological periods should do the opposite, and (4) that poikilotherms with a small genome should be more sensitive to changes in temperature than poikilotherms with a large genome. The model also offers two explanations for the empirically documented trend that organisms with a large cell volume have larger genomes than those with a small cell volume. Relevant empirical evidence is summarized to support these predictions.
Treatment of locally-advanced NSCLC by concomitant chemotherapy (CTx), HDR brachytherapy (BTx) and conformal external beam radiation therapy (XRTx)
Authors: P. Ketterl, D. Nader, D. Kelly, J. Flynn, M. Sumner, D. P. Braun
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

18504 Background: Efforts to achieve local control and improve survival in patients (pts) with locally-advanced, non-resectable NSCLC continue to evolve. XRTx as the sole treatment modality has been replaced by concomitant CTx + XRTx based on improved survival with acceptable tolerance. Further attempts to improve clinical outcomes have investigated XRTx dose intensification through hyper- fractionation. An alternative to this strategy offering certain practical advantages to hyper-fraction treatment is the use of BTx in conjunction with XRTx. This exploratory retrospective study assessed the efficacy of BTx in conjunction with conformal XRTx plus CTx in pts with surgically-unresectable, locally advanced NSCLC. Methods: Clinical results for newly-diagnosed, NSCLC patients (n=21) with either Stage IIIA (T1 or T2, N2, MO or T3, N1 or N2, MO) or Stage IIIB (Tx, N3, MO or T4, Nx, M0) tumors were abstracted from the medical records of pts treated at the Southwestern Regional Medical Center of Cancer Treatment Centers of America. There were 9 IIIA and 12 IIIB tumors with squamous histology (n=9); adenocarcinoma (n=3); large cell tumors (n=3); and mixed cell types (n=6) being seen. All pts received combination, platinum-based CTx in conjunction with XRTx (60 Gy) + 4–6 cycles of BTx (500 cGy/treatment). Results: Median survival for the population was 18.22 months. Median survival for Stage IIIA was 18.6 months and for Stage IIIB was 16.4 months. Resolution of treated endobronchial lesions and/or substantial necrotic tissue without endoscopic evidence of significant residual viable tumor was observed on repeat bronchoscopic examination in the treated tumor mass for most patients. Planned multimodality therapy was completed on all patients with tolerable and expected toxicity. Conclusions: The results demonstrate that therapy for locally advanced, NSCLC which includes BTx is clinically effective and well tolerated. The comparatively low incidence and severity of radiation-associated toxicities suggests further development of this approach for treatment of Stage IIIA and IIIB NSCLC is warranted. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Exosomes and tumor-mediated immune suppression
Authors: Theresa L. Whiteside
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2016)

Tumor-derived exosomes (TEX) are harbingers of tumor-induced immune suppression: they carry immunosuppressive molecules and factors known to interfere with immune cell functions. By delivering suppressive cargos consisting of proteins similar to those in parent tumor cells to immune cells, TEX directly or indirectly influence the development, maturation, and antitumor activities of immune cells. TEX also deliver genomic DNA, mRNA, and microRNAs to immune cells, thereby reprogramming functions of responder cells to promote tumor progression. TEX carrying tumor-associated antigens can interfere with antitumor immunotherapies. TEX also have the potential to serve as noninvasive biomarkers of tumor progression. In the tumor microenvironment, TEX may be involved in operating numerous signaling pathways responsible for the downregulation of antitumor immunity.
Screening for Major Depressive Disorder in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
Authors: Valerie Forman-Hoffman, Emily McClure, Joni McKeeman, Charles T. Wood, Jennifer Cook Middleton, Asheley C. Skinner, Eliana M. Perrin, Meera Viswanathan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2016)

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is common among children and adolescents and is associated with functional impairment and suicide. Purpose: To update the 2009 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) systematic review on screening for and treatment of MDD in children and adolescents in primary care settings. Data Sources: Several electronic searches (May 2007 to February 2015) and searches of reference lists of published literature. Study Selection: Trials and recent systematic reviews of treatment, test–retest studies of screening, and trials and large cohort studies for harms. Data Extraction: Data were abstracted by 1 investigator and checked by another; 2 investigators independently assessed study quality. Data Synthesis: Limited evidence from 5 studies showed that such tools as the Beck Depression Inventory and Patient Health Questionnaire for Adolescents had reasonable accuracy for identifying MDD among adolescents in primary care settings. Six trials evaluated treatment. Several individual fair- and good-quality studies of fluoxetine, combined fluoxetine and cognitive behavioral therapy, escitalopram, and collaborative care demonstrated benefits of treatment among adolescents, with no associated harms. Limitation: The review included only English-language studies, narrow inclusion criteria focused only on MDD, high thresholds for quality, potential publication bias, limited data on harms, and sparse evidence on long-term outcomes of screening and treatment among children younger than 12 years. Conclusion: No evidence was found of a direct link between screening children and adolescents for MDD in primary care or similar settings and depression or other health-related outcomes. Evidence showed that some screening tools are accurate and some treatments are beneficial among adolescents (but not younger children), with no evidence of associated harms. Primary Funding Source: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.
Enhancement of R3230AC Rat Mammary Tumor Growth and Cellular Differentiation by Dibutyryl Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate23
Authors: D. M. Klein, R. F. Loizzi
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

Dally sc injections of 8 mg N6, O2′-dibutyryl 3′,5′-cyclic AMP (DBcAMP) beginning 1 day after tumor implantation significantly increased the growth rate of R3230AC rat mammary adenocarcinomas, which nearly doubled in In situ volume by day 40 compared to similarly implanted tumors in saline-injected controls. Weights of excised tumors, intact, drained, and dried, all increased approximately 80%, which suggested that the Increase in tumor size was not due to accumulation of secreted fluid or tissue water. Injectlons of 17 β-estradiol valerate (0.1 mg/wk) from day 1 or of DBcAMP from day 22 resulted in insignificant changes in growth—28% and 35% increases in tumor volume, and a 5% decrease and an 18% increase, respectively, in drained wet weight. Electron microscopic examination revealed that estrogen and DBcAMP caused differentiation of the tumor cells into two different states: Estrogen-treated tumors resembled lactating mammary glands; they contained large lipid droplets, organized rough endoplasmic reticulum, and vesicles containing electrondense granules resembling protein. DBcAMP-treated tumor cells were marked by a proliferation of the Golgi complex and numerous vesicles containing fine granular material.
The IASLC Lung Cancer Staging Project: Background Data and Proposals for the Classification of Lung Cancer with Separate Tumor Nodules in the Forthcoming Eighth Edition of the TNM Classification for Lung Cancer
Authors: Frank C. Detterbeck, Vanessa Bolejack, Douglas A. Arenberg, John Crowley, Jessica S. Donington, Wilbur A. Franklin, Nicolas Girard, Edith M. Marom, Peter J. Mazzone, Andrew G. Nicholson, Valerie W. Rusch, Lynn T. Tanoue, William D. Travis, Hisao Asamura, Ramón Rami-Porta, Peter Goldstraw, Ramón Rami-Porta, Hisao Asamura, David Ball, David G. Beer, Ricardo Beyruti, Vanessa Bolejack, Kari Chansky, John Crowley, Frank Detterbeck, Wilfried Ernst Erich Eberhardt, John Edwards, Françoise Galateau-Sallé, Dorothy Giroux, Fergus Gleeson, Patti Groome, James Huang, Catherine Kennedy, Jhingook Kim, Young Tae Kim, Laura Kingsbury, Haruhiko Kondo, Mark Krasnik, Kaoru Kubota, Antoon Lerut, Gustavo Lyons, Mirella Marino, Edith M. Marom, Jan van Meerbeeck, Alan Mitchell, Takashi Nakano, Andrew G. Nicholson, Anna Nowak, Michael Peake, Thomas Rice, Kenneth Rosenzweig, Enrico Ruffini, Valerie Rusch, Nagahiro Saijo, Paul Van Schil, Jean-Paul Sculier, Lynn Shemanski, Kelly Stratton, Kenji Suzuki, Yuji Tachimori, Charles F. Thomas, William Travis, Ming S. Tsao, Andrew Turrisi, Johan Vansteenkiste, Hirokazu Watanabe, Yi-Long Wu, Paul Baas, Jeremy Erasmus, Seiki Hasegawa, Kouki Inai, Kemp Kernstine, Hedy Kindler, Lee Krug, Kristiaan Nackaerts, Harvey Pass, David Rice, Conrad Falkson, Pier Luigi Filosso, Giuseppe Giaccone, Kazuya Kondo, Marco Lucchi, Meinoshin Okumura, Eugene Blackstone, Jeremy Erasmus, Douglas Flieder, Myrna Godoy, Jin Mo Goo, Lawrence R. Goodman, Jim Jett, Paul de Leyn, Alberto Marchevsky, Heber MacMahon, David Naidich, Morohito Okada, Marina Perlman, Charles Powell, Paul van Schil, Ming S. Tsao, Arne Warth, F. Abad Cavaco, E. Ansótegui Barrera, J. Abal Arca, I. Parente Lamelas, A. Arnau Obrer, R. Guijarro Jorge, D. Ball, G.K. Bascom, A.I. Blanco Orozco, M.A. González Castro, M.G. Blum, D. Chimondeguy, V. Cvijanovic, S. Defranchi, B. de Olaiz Navarro, I. Escobar Campuzano, I. Macía Vidueira, E. Fernández Araujo, F. Andreo García, K.M. Fong, G. Francisco Corral, S. Cerezo González, J. Freixinet Gilart, L. García Arangüena, S. García Barajas, P. Girard, T. Goksel, M.T. González Budiño, G. González Casaurrán, J.A. Gullón Blanco, J. Hernández Hernández, H. Hernández Rodríguez, J. Herrero Collantes, M. Iglesias Heras, J.M. Izquierdo Elena, E. Jakobsen, S. Kostas, P. León Atance, A. Núñez Ares, M. Liao, M. Losanovscky, G. Lyons, R. Magaroles, L. De Esteban Júlvez, M. Mariñán Gorospe, B. McCaughan, C. Kennedy, R. Melchor Íñiguez, L. Miravet Sorribes, S. Naranjo Gozalo, C. Álvarez de Arriba, M. Núñez Delgado, J. Padilla Alarcón, J.C. Peñalver Cuesta, J.S. Park, H. Pass, M.J. Pavón Fernández, M. Rosenberg, E. Ruffini, V. Rusch, J. Sánchez de Cos Escuín, A. Saura Vinuesa, M. Serra Mitjans, T.E. Strand, D. Subotic, S. Swisher, R. Terra, C. Thomas, K. Tournoy, P. Van Schil, M. Velasquez, Y.L. Wu, K. Yokoi
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2016)
Lack of antiemetic effect of high-dose metoclopramide.
Authors: R V Roemeling, N P Christiansen, W J Hrushesky
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1985)

Sixteen of 26 patients given 51 courses of treatment of the doxorubicin and cisplatin combination with no antiemetic therapy suffered the same number of vomiting episodes and had the same duration of vomiting as did the remaining ten patients given 20 cycles of this chemotherapy plus the standard high-dose metoclopramide regimen. This antiemetic regimen caused significant side effects in one fifth of the patients receiving it.
Noninvasive Molecular Imaging of Disease Activity in Atherosclerosis
Authors: Marc R. Dweck, Elena Aikawa, David E. Newby, Jason M. Tarkin, James H.F. Rudd, Jagat Narula, Zahi A. Fayad
Journal: Circulation Research (2016)

Major focus has been placed on the identification of vulnerable plaques as a means of improving the prediction of myocardial infarction. However, this strategy has recently been questioned on the basis that the majority of these individual coronary lesions do not in fact go on to cause clinical events. Attention is, therefore, shifting to alternative imaging modalities that might provide a more complete pan-coronary assessment of the atherosclerotic disease process. These include markers of disease activity with the potential to discriminate between patients with stable burnt-out disease that is no longer metabolically active and those with active atheroma, faster disease progression, and increased risk of infarction. This review will examine how novel molecular imaging approaches can provide such assessments, focusing on inflammation and microcalcification activity, the importance of these processes to coronary atherosclerosis, and the advantages and challenges posed by these techniques.
Nad(p)h oxidase and MRP genetic polymorphisms associate with doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity
Authors: L. Wojnowski, G. Schlueter, S. Vonhof, B. Kulle, H. Bickeboeller, M. Loeffler, M. Pfreundschuh, J. Brockmoeller, G. Hasenfuss, L. Trumper
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

3021
RNA:DNA Ratios in Human Tumors
Authors: Liba Kravetz de Srulijes, Ella Israeli, David Barzilai
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

A study has been made of the quantitative relation existing between the RNA:DNA ratios in benign and in malignant human tumors. It has been demonstrated that a significant difference (Student's t-test) existed between malignant and benign human tumors within the different groups studied: a) malignant and benign breast tumors (t=2.22, P less than 0.05); b) Hodgkin's disease in spleen and its controls (t=2.39, P less than 0.02); and c) malignant and benign thyroid tumors (t=4.23, P less than 0.01). The diagnostic value of this finding is discussed.
An international registry for primary ciliary dyskinesia
Authors: Claudius Werner, Martin Lablans, Maximilian Ataian, Johanna Raidt, Julia Wallmeier, Jörg Große-Onnebrink, Claudia E. Kuehni, Eric G. Haarman, Margaret W. Leigh, Alexandra L. Quittner, Jane S. Lucas, Claire Hogg, Michal Witt, Kostas N. Priftis, Panayiotis Yiallouros, Kim G. Nielsen, Francesca Santamaria, Frank Ückert, Heymut Omran
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2015)

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder leading to chronic upper and lower airway disease. Fundamental data on epidemiology, clinical presentation, course and treatment strategies are lacking in PCD. We have established an international PCD registry to realise an unmet need for an international platform to systematically collect data on incidence, clinical presentation, treatment and disease course.The registry was launched in January 2014. We used internet technology to ensure easy online access using a web browser under www.pcdregistry.eu. Data from 201 patients have been collected so far. The database is comprised of a basic data form including demographic and diagnostic information, and visit forms designed to monitor the disease course.To establish a definite PCD diagnosis, we used strict diagnostic criteria, which required two to three diagnostic methods in addition to classical clinical symptoms. Preliminary analysis of lung function data demonstrated a mean annual decline of percentage predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s of 0.59% (95% CI 0.98-0.22).Here, we present the development of an international PCD registry as a new promising tool to advance the understanding of this rare disorder, to recruit candidates for research studies and ultimately to improve PCD care.
An aptamer-antibody complex (oligobody) as a novel delivery platform for targeted cancer therapies
Authors: Kyun Heo, Sung-Won Min, Ho Jin Sung, Han Gyul Kim, Hyun Jung Kim, Yun Hee Kim, Beom Kyu Choi, Sewoon Han, Seok Chung, Eun Sook Lee, Junho Chung, In-Hoo Kim
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2016)
Outcome of rectal carcinoma patients receiving adjuvant chemoradiotherapy in Marmara University Hospital
Authors: F. Dane, M. Gumus, S. Iyikesici, F. Yumuk, G. Basaran, B. M. Atasoy, U. Abacioglu, D. Cabuk, M. Teomete, S. Turhal
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

13584 Background: Surgical resection is the cornerstone of curative therapy for rectal cancer. Relapse rate following potentially curative resection is high in patients with stage II/III disease. Thus, chemoradiotherapy is the standard adjuvant treatment in resected stage II/III rectal carcinoma. There are limited studies, if any, analyzing the outcome of rectal cancer patients with stage II/III who received adjuvant chemoradiotherapy after curative resection in Turkey. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the treatment outcome, and the prognostic significance of various parameters in these patients. Methods: 106 patients with stage II/III rectal cancer treated with adjuvant chemoradiotherapy since 1997 until present were analyzed retrospectively. Patients received 5-fluorouracil (370–425mg/m 2 /day × 5days) and calcium leucovorin (20mg/m 2 /day × 5days), q4weeks, two courses before and two courses after radiotherapy. The 5-fluorouracil dose was reduced to, 225mg/m 2 /day given continuously as protracted short-term infusion during radiotherapy. 45–50.4 Gy radiotherapy was given to the pelvic region. Patients were followed-up every 3 months for the first 2 years and every 6 months thereafter. Age, gender, T stage, N stage, histological grade, lymphatic, vascular, and perineural invasion were analyzed as prognostic factors. Results: The median follow-up was 34 months. Median age was 59.5 years. Forty-four percent of the patients were node-negative. Lymphatic, vascular, and perineural invasion rate were 50.5%, 47.3%, and 32.3% respectively. Five-year disease-free and overall survival rates were 68.8% and 72.2%, respectively. Median survival time and median disease free-survival time were not reached at the time of analysis. In multivariate Cox regression analysis; T stage (p: 0.022), nodal stage (0.019), presence of lymphatic invasion (p: 0.0001), and the presence of vascular invasion (p:0.01) were independent prognostic factors. Conclusion: The adjuvant treatment outcome in Turkish patients in our department with stage II/III rectal cancer is similar to those reported in the Western studies. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Update of Clostridium difficile infection due to PCR ribotype 027 in Europe, 2008
Authors: E  J Kuijper, F Barbut, J  S Brazier, N Kleinkauf, T Eckmanns, M L Lambert, D Drudy, F Fitzpatrick, C Wiuff, D  J Brown, J  E Coia, H Pituch, P Reichert, J Even, J Mossong, A F Widmer, K E Olsen, F Allerberger, D  W Notermans, M Delmée, B Coignard, M Wilcox, B Patel, R Frei, E Nagy, E Bouza, M Marin, T Åkerlund, A Virolainen-Julkunen, O Lyytikäinen, S Kotila, A Ingebretsen, B Smyth, P Rooney, I R Poxton, D. L. Monnet
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2008)

Outbreaks of Clostridium difficile infections (CDI) with increased severity, high relapse rate and significant mortality have been related to the emergence of a new, hypervirulent C. difficile strain in North America and Europe. This emerging strain is referred to as PCR ribotype 027 (Type 027). Since 2005, individual countries have developed surveillance studies about the spread of type 027. C. difficile Type 027 has been reported in 16 European countries. It has been responsible for outbreaks in Belgium, Germany, Finland, France, Ireland, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Switzerland and the United Kingdom (England, Wales, Northern Ireland and Scotland). It has also been detected in Austria, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Hungary, Poland and Spain. Three countries experienced imported patients with CDI due to Type 027 who acquired the infection abroad. The antimicrobial resistance pattern is changing, and outbreaks due to clindamycin-resistant ermB positive Type 027 strains have occurred in three European countries. Ongoing epidemiological surveillance of cases of CDI, with periodic characterisation of the strains involved, is required to detect clustering of cases in time and space and to monitor the emergence of new, highly virulent clones.
The kinase CK1ɛ controls the antiviral immune response by phosphorylating the signaling adaptor TRAF3
Authors: Yilong Zhou, Chenxi He, Dapeng Yan, Feng Liu, Haipeng Liu, Jianxia Chen, Ting Cao, Mianyong Zuo, Peng Wang, Yan Ge, Haojie Lu, Qinghe Tong, Chengfeng Qin, Yongqiang Deng, Baoxue Ge
Journal: Nature Immunology (2016)