tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Correlation of spirometry with impulse oscillometry, body plethysmography and DLCO
Authors: Rahul Kodgule, Nitin Vanjare, Shweta Rasam, Satish Bhosale, Yogesh Gupta, Sundeep Salvi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background: Spirometry, Impulse Oscillometry (IOS), Body Plethysmography (BP) and DLCO are tools that measure different aspects of lung function. However, there is inadequate knowledge about the correlation between the parameters measured by these tests.  Aim: To study the correlation of spirometry indices with values measured by IOS, BP and DLCO.  Methods: In this ongoing study 4 healthy, 9 asthma and 10 COPD patients underwent IOS, BP, spirometry and DLCO according to the international guidelines. Correlations between values obtained by IOS (R5, R20, R5-20), BP (sGawtot, sGaweff, RV, TLC), spirometry (FEV1, FVC, FEF25-75%) and DLCO were analyzed using Pearsons’s correlation.  Results: R5, R5-20 and DLCO correlated with FEV1 (r=-0.55, -0.61 and 0.87, all p 0.05). sGawtot and sGaweff correlated best with FEF25% (r=0.95, p  Conclusion: sGaw reflects more distal airways than R5 and R5-20. FEV1 majorly reflects small airway obstruction and FVC is a measure of overall lung function. DLCO decreases linearly as FEV1 decreases.
Sunitinib-related thyroid dysfunction: A single-center retrospective and prospective evaluation
Authors: P. Schoeffski, P. Wolter, U. Himpe, S. S. Dychter, C. Baum, H. Prenen, H. Wildiers, M. Bex, H. Dumez
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

3092 Background: Sunitinib is a multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor with anti-angiogenic and anti-proliferative activity mediated by signal blockade of VEGFR1/2, KIT, PDGFRα/β, and FLT-3. Phase II/III trials have demonstrated efficacy of the oral agent in Imatinib-resistant GIST and advanced renal cell cancer (RCC). We observed several cases of thyroid dysfunction in GIST during treatment with sunitinib suggesting that the drug may be associated with hypothyroidism. We therefore assessed the incidence and severity of thyroid dysfunction in cancer patients treated with sunitinib. Methods: Thyroid function (serum TSH, T3 and free thyroxin index) and thyroid antibodies (anti-TPO, -Tg and TSH-R-Ab) were evaluated retrospectively in a cohort of patients with GIST in a Phase III trial and in an expanded access program (1st part of the investigation) and in a prospective cohort of RCC and GIST patients treated in the framework of expanded access programs (2nd part). Sunitinib was given at a daily oral dose of 50 mg 4 weeks on, 2 weeks off. Thyroid parameters were assessed on days 1 and 28 of each treatment cycle in the prospective cohort. We report here the first TSH results, the full data set will be available at ASCO. Results: We identified a total of 46 patients who received sunitinib, and 33 of these patients were evaluable for thyroid function. 14 patients were analyzed retrospectively (all GIST), 19 patients prospectively (8 GIST, 11 RCC). 7 of these 19 patients (37%) showed an elevated TSH (&gt;5 mIU/L) during treatment. In the retrospective analysis of 14 patients with a median treatment duration of 44 weeks, 8 patients (57%) had developed hypothyroidism. All patients with GIST in randomized Phase III trial remaining under active treatment with sunitinib for 58–80 weeks show an increased TSH (up to 83 mIU/L) during the course of treatment, requiring hormone substitution. In a cohort of 11 patients with RCC, after 6 weeks of treatment, 3 patients already have an increased TSH. Conclusions: Sunitinib is associated with a high incidence of thyroid dysfunction which requires further study. The mechanism by which Sunitinib induces thyroid dysfunction is yet unclear. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Relationship of Lung Adenoma Prevalence and Growth Rate to Acute Urethan Dose and Target Cell Number&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN4"&gt;4&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: M L Dourson, E J O'Flaherty
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

Outbred Swiss Cox mice of both sexes were given single ip injections of 0.5--2.0 mg urethan/g body weight. Lung adenomas began to grow about 7 days after urethan administration. The relationship of plateau tumor level to dose was slightly concave upward. However, the relationship of average tumor number per 10(6) surviving target cells or alveolar type II cells to dose was markedly concave upward. Thus the definition of the urethan dose-lung adenoma prevalence curve should take into account the urethan cytotoxicity. Tumor diameters followed a log normal distribution pattern. The rate of change of geometric mean tumor diameter was independent of sex and urethan dose. In another experiment Swiss Cox mice received ip injections of 1.5 mg urethan/g body weight, and 4 weeks later chronic exposure to urethan in the drinking water was begun. The growth rate of adenomas induced by the single urethan injection was unaffected by subsequent chronic-urethan administration. The results support the common assumption that tumor growth rate is independent of the rate of chronic administration of a carcinogen.
Survival of advanced melanoma patients with normal LDH treated with oblimersen, temozolomide, and nab-paclitaxel
Authors: A. C. Pavlick, P. Ott, J. Escalon, K. Madden, E. Yepes, J. Staha, S. Mendoza, A. Gandhi, H. Yee, L. Liebes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

9080 Background: Oblimersen (OBL), temozolomide (TMZ), and abraxane (ABX) act synergistically in preclinical studies with melanoma cell lines. Bcl-2 antisense therapy in combination with dacarbazine was encouraging in advanced melanoma patients(pts) with normal LDH. Methods: Chemotherapy-naïve advanced melanoma pts (ECOG PS ≤ 2, baseline LDH ≤1.1 × ULN, measurable disease per RECIST) were enrolled on a phase I/II protocol. The treatment regimen consisted of 56-day cycles of OBL (7 mg/kg/d continuous IV infusion, d 1–7 and 22–28), TMZ (75 mg/m 2 /d, d 1–42), and ABX (175 mg/m 2 in Cohort 1, 260 mg/m 2 in Cohort 2, d 7 and 28). Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, BAK and caspase 3 was performed in pre- and post-therapy tumor samples. Serum shed collagen cryptic epitope levels were monitored. Results: 18 pts were treated (Cohort 1 = 14 pts [1–6 cycles];Cohort 2 = 4 pts [2–3 cycles]). Median age was 58 years (range: 34–78). Disease sites included liver (6), other visceral sites (10), skin, subcutaneous tissue, and lymph nodes (2). The overall survival (OS) was 14.7 months and showed a trend towards superiority when compared to both arms of the prior oblimersen trial (DTIC, OS 9.7 months, p = 0.078 and DTIC-OBL, OS 11.4 months, p = 0.31) in pts with the same LDH cut-off (Bedikian et al. JCO. 2006). 50% of pts survived &gt; 1 year. One CR lasted 25+ mo, five PR (&gt;50% tumor reduction) lasted &gt; 2 cycles, and 7 SD lasted &gt; 3 cycles. Five PD after 1 cycle were seen. One ocular melanoma pt survived 15 mo despite PD. Shed cryptic epitopes correlated with clinical response versus disease progression. Alteration of the tumor biology based on phenotypic changes in Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, BAK and caspase 3 correlated with response to treatment. Conclusions: Our data suggest that the combination of OBL, TMZ, and ABX is synergistic in advanced melanoma pts with normal LDH, possibly translating into improved OS compared to prior regimens with dacarbazine ± OBL. Biomarker studies support the rationale that Bcl-2 antisense therapy specifically impacts apoptotic signaling pathways in melanoma cells from metastatic tumor. The survival data in the limited number of pts enrolled in cohort 1 and 2 of this trial are encouraging; further exploration with this combination is underway using 1-hour infusions of OBL. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Transforming Living Kidney Donation with a Comprehensive Strategy
Authors: Matthew B. Allen, Peter P. Reese
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2016)

If you needed a kidney transplant, would anyone donate to you?For most people, the answer is "no."Millions of individuals are eligible to donate a kidney, but relatively few become donors.In the United States, there are 100,000 people on the waiting list for a kidney transplant who spend years hoping for an offer.Meanwhile, 6% die annually, patients and families suffer the daily hardships of dialysis, and Medicare spends billions of dollars per year on their care [1].Kidney disease constitutes a major public health problem; it is time to pursue a comprehensive strategy to expand living kidney donation (LKD), whether to a loved one or a stranger.Transplant centers should take an active role in overcoming barriers to LKD transplantation, and the community should launch a campaign disseminating information about LKD's risks and benefits and encouraging the public to consider donating a kidney. Two Forms of TransplantationDeceased donor transplantation (DDT) is a well-funded, organized enterprise.In many countries, DDT relies on a network of transplant centers and nonprofit organizations to coordinate Summary Points• Despite efforts to expand access to organ transplantation worldwide, in many countries a majority of patients face several years of waiting for a kidney to become available.
Intensive blood pressure control reduces cardiovascular events, studies show
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Intensive blood pressure reduction significantly reduces numbers of major cardiovascular events in people at high risk of cardiovascular events, when compared with standard blood pressure control, but at the cost of more adverse events, show a randomised trial and a meta-analysis.1 2 The results provide evidence for lowering blood pressure targets in some people, the researchers argued.

The trial, reported in the New England Journal of Medicine , randomised 9361 people with a systolic blood pressure of 130 mm Hg or higher and increased cardiovascular risk but without diabetes to intensive or standard blood pressure lowering. The target was a systolic blood pressure of less than 120 mm Hg in the intensive treatment group and less than 140 mm Hg in the standard treatment group.

The US …
A phase I dose-escalation study of the Hsp90 inhibitor STA-9090 administered twice weekly in patients with solid tumors.
Authors: J. M. Cleary, E. I. Heath, E. L. Kwak, B. J. Dezube, L. Gandhi, C. Zack, R. Bradley, V. M. Vukovic, G. Shapiro, P. LoRusso
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

3083 Background: STA-9090 is a potent, next-generation Hsp90 inhibitor that is structurally unrelated to the first-generation ansamycin class of Hsp90 inhibitors, such as 17-AAG and IPI-504, and has shown superior activity and an improved safety profile relative to these agents in preclinical studies. Methods: Patients with solid tumor malignancies who have exhausted standard of care treatment options are eligible. Patients receive STA-9090 as a 1-hr infusion twice weekly for 3 weeks of a 28-day cycle. Serial PK samples are obtained on days 1 and 15 of cycle 1. Safety assessments included the number and grade of AEs, changes from baseline in laboratory parameters, and ECG changes. Results: Data are presented for the first 29 patients (13 M, 16 F; median age 55 yrs, range 32-81; ECOG status range 0-2) treated at dose levels ranging from 2 mg/m2 to 25 mg/m2. The AEs reported in >20% of patients were fatigue, nausea, anemia, diarrhea, vomiting, anorexia, and headache; the majority of these AEs were mild to moderate in severity. A DLT of elevated LFTs was reported in the 10 mg/m2 cohort. STA-9090 shows linear pharmacokinetics, exhibits rapid distribution, has a mean terminal phase half life of 10-14 hours and no accumulation in plasma. The MTD has not been reached, and dose escalation continues with a total of 32 patients enrolled at doses up to 50 mg/m2. Preliminary signs of clinical activity have been observed and include a durable PR in a patient with melanoma and tumor shrinkage with prolonged SD in several patients with different tumor types, including melanoma and NSCLC. Conclusions: STA-9090 has been well tolerated at dose levels up to 25 mg/m2 administered twice weekly. Preliminary safety profile and activity signals warrant continued evaluation of STA-9090 using a twice weekly dosing regimen. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Synta Synta Synta
SIDS is not a disease entity
Authors: Leonard H P Williams
Journal: BMJ (2008)

The sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is not a disease entity.1 It is a description of an outcome, a term used to acknowledge a failure to make a diagnosis. The value of the term is that it informs us that no blame is apportioned to the carer. The weakness is that it implies that we understand more than we do. The new term SUDI, or sudden unexpected death in …
Time since last pregnancy and breast cancer survival: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Authors: A. Valachis, A. D. Nearchou, D. Mauri, P. A. Lind, N. P. Polyzos
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

1591 Background: It has been suggested that time since last pregnancy may affect survival of breast cancer patients. However, due to great heterogeneity of the studied intervals between pregnancy and breast cancer diagnosis and the lack of a consistent comparison group (nulliparous women) among the many available trials, a solid conclusion cannot be drawn. To investigate this matter further, we systematically searched the current literature and present the available evidence regarding the potential role of pregnancy before breast cancer diagnosis to breast cancer survival. Methods: A systematic search of MEDLINE and ISI THOMPSON was conducted to identify original data evaluating the effect of time since last pregnancy and breast cancer survival. Among eligible trials we focused only on those that used a consistent comparator group of patients including only nulliparous women. Adjusted hazard ratios (HR) from individual studies, which used as comparator (HR == 1) nulliparous women, were pooled using a random effects model. Results: Overall 18 eligible studies were identified. Of these, 9 studies used nulliparous women as comparator for the calculation of HR while the rest used different patient groups as comparator. A positive association between time since last pregnancy and survival was revealed in 13 studies. Pregnancy < 2 years (5 eligible studies) and pregnancy between 2-4 or 2-5 years (4 eligible studies) prior to breast cancer diagnosis was associated with poorer breast cancer survival HR 2.06, 95% [CI]: 1.61-2.63 and 1.36, 95% [CI]: 1.08-1.72, respectively. Contrary to this, a history of pregnancy > 4 or 5 years prior to breast cancer diagnosis (4 eligible trials), did not appear to significantly impair the overall survival (HR 1.07, 95% CI: 0.93-1.23). Conclusions: Our data indicate that pregnancy 5 years prior to breast cancer diagnosis has a detrimental effect on survival. This effect is even greater when time between breast cancer diagnosis and pregnancy is less than 2 years. Thus, this factor should be taken into account, in addition to tumor characteristics and other established prognostic factors, when assessing prognosis of female breast cancer.
Histopathology of Preneoplastic and Neoplastic Lesions of the Esophagus in BUF Rats Ingesting Diethylnitrosamine
Authors: Melvin Dwaine Reuber
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

Carcinomas developed in the mucosa of the esophagus in BUF strain rats ingesting diethylnitrosamine in the diet. The stages of hyperplasia, hyperplastic nodules, small carcinomas, and large, well-developed carcinomas were observed. Carcinomas, which were well differentiated, poorly differentiated, or undifferentiated, invaded the adjacent tissue but did not metastasize.
Incidence of Multiple Primary Cancers. III. Cancers of the Respiratory and Upper Digestive System as Multiple Primary Cancers&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: John W. Berg, M.D., David Schottenfeld, M.D., Frank Ritter
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1970)

During 23,802 patient-years of observation, 518 cancers of other sites developed in 9,415 patients with prior squamous cell cancers of the respiratory or upper digestive tract or other cell types of lung carcinoma. Only patients with index cancers of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, and nasopharynx did not develop excess cancers. Of the excess cancers, 73% occurred in other upper digestive or respiratory sites, 20% in the skin, and 7% in other organs or tissues. Lip cancer patients were at greatest risk of developing skin and intraoral cancers. The increases in relative risk for esophageal cancer were greater in patients with lingual, palatine, or pharyngeal carcinomas than in those with other types of intraoral cancer.
Hypertension, proteinuria, and overall survival in elderly cancer patients treated with bevacizumab.
Authors: Vincent Launay-Vacher, Nicolas Janus, Isabelle Laure Ray-Coquard, Joseph Gligorov, Frédéric Selle, Philippe Beuzeboc, Catherine Daniel, Jean-Philippe Spano, Jean Christophe Thery, Francois Goldwasser, Olivier Mir, Jean-Baptiste Rey, Christelle Jouannaud, Jean F. Morere, Stephane Oudard, Gilbert Deray, Florian Scotte
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

186 Background: MARS is a multicentric, non-interventional, prospective study which first reported the high prevalence of both baseline and de novo hypertension (HTN) and proteinuria (Pu) in several sub group of cancer patients [Gligorov J et al. SABCS 2013; Ray-Coquard I et al. ASCO GI 2014; Ray-Coquard I et al. ASCO GU 2014; Goldwasser F et al. ECC 2013; Launay-Vacher V et al. ASCO 2013]. In this sub-group analysis, we focused on elderly cancer (EC) patients treated by bevacizumab. Methods: MARS included 1,124 patients, all naïve of any previous anti-VEGF treatment. A First Renal Assessment was performed at baseline before the anti-VEGF was started with periodic follow-up for 1 year. Elderly was defined as age ≥65 years at inclusion. Univariate (UA) and multivariate analyses (MA) tested the associations of HTN and Pu, at baseline or de novo, with overall survival (OS) (pre-planned) in EC patients. Results: 845 patients treated with bevacizumab were included. Among them 226 were EC patients (colorectal 81, breast 78, ovarian 26, lung 22). At inclusion, HTA was statistically higher in EC patients (table), mean aMDRD was 79.6 ml/min/1.73m 2 and 15.1% had aMDRD&lt;60. De novo HTA; de novo Pu and Scr increase were not statistically more frequent in EC patients than in non-EC patients. In addition, renal function decreased by -4.1 ml/min/1.73m²/year and 16.2% had aMDRD&lt;60 at the end of follow-up. Baseline and de novoHTN and Pu were not associated with reduced OS in EC patients in both UA and MA analyses. Conclusions: There were no differences in term of renovascular safety in EC patients treated by bevacizumab. Furthermore, HTN and Pu were not associated with OS in EC patients treated by bevacizumab. Therefore, renovascular events should not be contraindicated at the initiation of the treatment or when the patient is already on treatment. [Table: see text]
Immature Particle Formation of Yaba Poxvirus Studied by Electron Microscopy
Authors: Takashi Tsuruhara
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1971)

In the viral factory of the Yaba virus-induced tumor cell, small membranous spherical structures, designated as micelles, were observed together with virus particles and various virus-associated structures. The micelles were about 400 A in diameter and frequently adjacent to the arch structures during the formation of immature virus particles; apparently some were connected with the ends of the structures. It was suggested that concurrent assembly of the micelles and surface subunits is necessary to form the surface layer of the immature virus particle and to regulate a constant curvature of the particle.
Health-care improvements in a financially constrained environment
Authors: Inger Ekman, Reinhard Busse, Ewout van Ginneken, Chris Van Hoof, Linde van Ittersum, Ab Klink, Jan A Kremer, Marisa Miraldo, Anders Olauson, Walter De Raedt, Michal Rosen-Zvi, Valentina Strammiello, Jan Törnell, Karl Swedberg
Journal: The Lancet (2016)
Relationship of histologic grade, c-erbB-2 expression, and inflammatory infiltrate to prognosis in carcinoma of the breast.
Authors: A H Lee, L G Bobrow
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1996)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1996.14.8.2406 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 8708736 Relationship of histologic grade, c-erbB-2 expression, and inflammatory infiltrate to prognosis in carcinoma of the breast. A H LeexA H LeeSearch for articles by this author , L G BobrowxL G BobrowSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1996.14.8.2406 PDF "Relationship of histologic grade, c-erbB-2 expression, and inflammatory infiltrate to prognosis in carcinoma of the breast.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 14(8), pp. 2406–2407© 1996 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Topical sodium metabisulfite for the treatment of calcinosis cutis: a promising new therapy
Authors: P. del Barrio-Díaz, C. Moll-Manzur, S. Álvarez-Veliz, C. Vera-Kellet
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2016)

Calcinosis cutis is a chronic calcium-mediated disease that causes significant morbidity. Multiple treatments have been tried, with varying results; indeed, to date, no standard treatment has been generally accepted. Sodium metabisulfite is an inorganic compound that, when it reacts with oxygen, becomes sodium sulfate, a metabolite of sodium thiosulfate that has a similar ability to inhibit calcium oxalate agglomeration. Four women diagnosed with calcinosis cutis, secondary to dermatomyositis, systemic sclerosis and radiodermatitis after breast cancer, were evaluated for their response to topical 25% sodium metabisulfite. In all patients a decrease in lesion size, erythema and pain from injuries was shown, with complete resolution of the associated ulcers. One patient had a complete response. None experienced adverse effects. Topical sodium metabisulfite is a promising emerging therapy that should be considered as a valid alternative treatment in calcinosis cutis. Randomized prospective studies are required to evaluate its true efficacy.
Abstract 13655: The Prevalence and Prognosis of Resistant Hypertension in Heart Failure Patients With Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Chun-Na Jin, Alex Pui-Wai Lee, Ming Liu, Fang Fang, Jing-Ping Sun, Cheuk-Man Yu
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Purpose: The clinical impact of resistant hypertension (RHTN) in heart failure (HF) patients is poorly understood. We sought to determine the prevalence and prognosis of RHTN in hypertensive HF pat...