tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abnormal Baroreflex Responses in Patients With Idiopathic Orthostatic Intolerance
Authors: William B. Farquhar, J. Andrew Taylor, Stephen E. Darling, Karen P. Chase, Roy Freeman
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —Patients diagnosed with idiopathic orthostatic intolerance report symptoms of lightheadedness, fatigue, and nausea accompanied by an exaggerated tachycardia when assuming the upright posture. Often, these symptoms are present in the absence of any decrease in arterial pressure. We hypothesized that patients with idiopathic orthostatic intolerance would have impaired cardiac vagal and integrated baroreflex function, lower blood volume, and increased venous compliance. Methods and Results —Sixteen patients and 14 healthy control subjects underwent the modified Oxford technique to assess cardiac vagal baroreflex sensitivity. Progressive lower-body negative pressure (to –50 mm Hg; LBNP) was used to examine the integrated baroreflex response to progressive hypovolemic stimuli. Blood volume and venous compliance were also assessed. Patients with idiopathic orthostatic intolerance had lower cardiac vagal baroreflex sensitivity (12±1 versus 25±4 ms/mm Hg; P ≤0.01). The integrated baroreflex response to low levels of LBNP was characterized by shorter R-R intervals and more symptoms such as lightheadedness, despite similar levels of blood pressure. There was a trend toward lower blood volume in the patient group (56±2 versus 63±3 mL/kg; P =0.054). Conclusions —Patients with idiopathic orthostatic intolerance have lower cardiac vagal baroreflex sensitivity and marginally lower blood volume and respond with faster heart rates despite similar levels of arterial pressure during LBNP. These findings may contribute to the exaggerated postural tachycardia and symptoms observed in patients with this disorder.
Peripheral Venoconstriction During Acceleration and Orthostasis
Authors: EDWIN W. SALZMAN, SIDNEY D. LEVERETT
Journal: Circulation Research (1956)

Active peripheral venous constriction has been demonstrated in dogs by a miniature balloon technic. The magnitude of the venoconstrictor response to acceleration on the centrifuge was strongly correlated with the animal's ability to maintain arterial pressure, suggesting the importance of contraction of the venous reservoir in the support of cardiac output under a hydrostatic load.
Nocturnal non-invasive nasal ventilation in stable hypercapnic COPD: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: R D McEvoy, R J Pierce, D Hillman, A Esterman, E E Ellis, P G Catcheside, F J O'Donoghue, D J Barnes, R R Grunstein
Journal: Thorax (2009)

<h3>Background:</h3> Sleep hypoventilation has been proposed as a cause of progressive hypercapnic respiratory failure and death in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A study was undertaken to determine the effects of nocturnal non-invasive bi-level pressure support ventilation (NIV) on survival, lung function and quality of life in patients with severe hypercapnic COPD. <h3>Method:</h3> A multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial of NIV plus long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) versus LTOT alone was performed in four Australian University Hospital sleep/respiratory medicine departments in patients with severe stable smoking-related COPD (forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV<sub>1.0</sub>) &lt;1.5 litres or &lt;50% predicted and ratio of FEV<sub>1.0</sub> to forced vital capacity (FVC) &lt;60% with awake arterial carbon dioxide tension (Paco<sub>2</sub>) &gt;46 mm Hg and on LTOT for at least 3 months) and age &lt;80 years. Patients with sleep apnoea (apnoea-hypopnoea index &gt;20/h) or morbid obesity (body mass index &gt;40) were excluded. Outcome measures were survival, spirometry, arterial blood gases, polysomnography, general and disease-specific quality of life and mood. <h3>Results:</h3> 144 patients were randomised (72 to NIV + LTOT and 72 to LTOT alone). NIV improved sleep quality and sleep-related hypercapnia acutely, and patients complied well with therapy (mean (SD) nightly use 4.5 (3.2) h). Compared with LTOT alone, NIV (mean follow-up 2.21 years, range 0.01–5.59) showed an improvement in survival with the adjusted but not the unadjusted Cox model (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 0.63, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.99, p = 0.045; unadjusted HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.53 to 1.25, p = NS). FEV<sub>1.0</sub> and Paco<sub>2</sub> measured at 6 and 12 months were not different between groups. Patients assigned to NIV + LTOT had reduced general and mental health and vigour. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> Nocturnal NIV in stable oxygen-dependent patients with hypercapnic COPD may improve survival, but this appears to be at the cost of worsening quality of life. <h3>Trial registration number:</h3> ACTRN12605000205639
ArrayPlex: distributed, interactive and programmatic access to genome sequence, annotation, ontology, and analytical toolsets
Authors: Patrick J Killion, Vishwanath R Iyer
Journal: Genome biology (2008)

ArrayPlex is a software package that centrally provides a large number of flexible toolsets useful for functional genomics, including microarray data storage, quality assessments, data visualization, gene annotation retrieval, statistical tests, genomic sequence retrieval and motif analysis. It uses a client-server architecture based on open source components, provides graphical, command-line, and programmatic access to all needed resources, and is extensible by virtue of a documented application programming interface. ArrayPlex is available at http://sourceforge.net/projects/arrayplex/ .
Streamlining of air flow in the upper airways and trachea.
Authors: R Marshall, D J Macey
Journal: Thorax (1980)

Streamlining of air flow in the upper airways and trachea has been investigated by inhaling 81m krypton through each side of the nose separately and counting over the lung fields with a gamma camera. 81m Kr inhaled through one nostril was uniformly mixed in the air stream by the time the carina was reached. Gas mixing occurs probably by a combination of diffusion and turbulent flow.
KLF2 provokes a gene expression pattern that establishes functional quiescent differentiation of the endothelium
Authors: Rob J. Dekker, Reinier A. Boon, Mariska G. Rondaij, Astrid Kragt, Oscar L. Volger, Yvonne W. Elderkamp, Joost C. M. Meijers, Jan Voorberg, Hans Pannekoek, Anton J. G. Horrevoets
Journal: Blood (2006)
Biliary lipid composition in cholesterol microlithiasis
Authors: M Fracchia, S Pellegrino, P Secreto, L Gallo, G Masoero, A Pera, G Galatola
Journal: Gut (2001)

Little information is available on the pathogenesis of cholesterol microlithiasis, and it is not clear if biliary lipid composition in these patients is similar to changes seen in cholesterol gall stone patients.To measure biliary lipid composition in patients with cholesterol microlithiasis.Eleven patients with cholesterol microlithiasis, 20 cholesterol gall stone patients, and 17 healthy controls.Duodenal bile was collected in the fasting state during ceruletide infusion. Biliary cholesterol, phospholipids, and total bile acids were analysed by enzymatic assays, and conjugated bile acids by high pressure liquid chromatography.Patients with microlithiasis had a cholesterol saturation index significantly higher than controls (mean value 1.30 (95% confidence interval 1.05-1.54) v 0.90 (0.72-1.08)) but similar to gall stone patients (1.51 (1.40-1.63)). This was due to a significant decrease in per cent phospholipid (10.0% (7.1-12.8)) compared with controls (21.4% (18.1-24.6)) and gall stone patients (24.9% (20.5-29.3)). Per cent cholesterol was similar in patients with microlithiasis and controls (5.3% (4.5-6.1) and 5.6 % (4.3-6.8), respectively) but was significantly increased in gall stone patients (10.9% (9.3-12.4)). Bile acid composition in patients with microlithiasis was similar to controls whereas in gall stone patients deoxycholic acid was significantly increased: 27.3% (24.8-29.7) v 19.0% (15.7-22.2) in controls and 20.6% (14.9-26.2) in patients with microlithiasis.Patients with cholesterol microlithiasis have biliary cholesterol supersaturation, similarly to cholesterol gall stone patients. Whereas in the latter this is due to increased per cent cholesterol, in patients with microlithiasis this is caused by phospholipid deficiency, with normal per cent cholesterol and normal biliary bile acid composition.
Adrenocortical Hormone in Arthritis : Preliminary Report
Authors: P. S. Hench, E. C. Kendall, C. H. Slocumb, H. F. Polley
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1949)

Two more patients with rheumatoid arthritis are now receiving compound E acetate (see Table ).* Merck & Co., Inc., who have supplied compound E for this study have -expressed their regret that because of the exigencies of manufacture no supplies of compound E -are expected for treatment or additional research until some time in 1950 at the earliest,
Which factors differentiate athletes with hip/groin pain from those without? A systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Andrea B Mosler, Rintje Agricola, Adam Weir, Per Hölmich, Kay M Crossley
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2015)

Hip and groin injuries are common in many sports. Understanding the factors differentiating athletes with hip/groin pain from those without these injuries could facilitate management and prevention.Conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature on factors differentiating athletes with and without hip/groin pain.The review was registered as PROSPERO CRD42014007416 and a comprehensive, systematic search was conducted in June 2014. Inclusion criteria were: cross-sectional, cohort or case-control study designs of n>10 that examined outcome measures differentiating athletes with and without hip/groin pain. Two authors independently screened search results, assessed study quality, and performed data extraction. Methodological heterogeneity was determined and data pooled for meta-analysis when appropriate. A best evidence synthesis was performed on the remaining outcome measures.Of 2251 titles identified, 17 articles were included of which 10 were high quality. Sixty two different outcome measures were examined, 8 underwent meta-analysis. Pooled data showed strong evidence that athletes with hip/groin pain demonstrated: pain and lower strength on the adductor squeeze test, reduced range of motion in hip internal rotation and bent knee fall out; however, hip external rotation range was equivalent to controls. Strong evidence was found that lower patient-reported outcome (PRO) scores, altered trunk muscle function, and moderate evidence of bone oedema and secondary cleft sign were associated with hip/groin pain.PROs, pain and reduced strength on the adductor squeeze test, reduced range of motion in internal rotation and bent knee fall out are the outcome measures that best differentiate athletes with hip/groin pain from those without this pain.
The effect of iron deficiency anemia in the rat on catecholamine levels and heart morphology
Authors: M. A ROSSI, S. V CARILLO, J S. M OLIVEIRA
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1981)

Journal Article The effect of iron deficiency anemia in the rat on catecholamine levels and heart morphology Get access MARCOS A ROSSI, MARCOS A ROSSI * From the Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brasil *Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Dr Marcos A Rossi, Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, 14100-Ribeirão Preto. SP, Brasil. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar SONIA V CARILLO, SONIA V CARILLO From the Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brasil Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J SAMUEL M OLIVEIRA J SAMUEL M OLIVEIRA From the Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brasil Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 15, Issue 6, June 1981, Pages 313–319, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/15.6.313 Published: 01 June 1981
Parsing Risk for the Use of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors in Pregnancy
Authors: Kimberly A. Yonkers
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2009)

A number of reports have explored the fetal risks related to maternal use of antidepressant agents, particularly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).This considerable database has yielded inconsistent findings with regard to SSRIs and fetal malformations (1), leading one expert to state that SSRIs are not "major teratogens" (2).However, complications may include other neonatal and maternal outcomes.To illustrate, preterm delivery has been linked with maternal use of antidepressants, although this may shorten delivery by less than 1 week (3).One article in this issue of the Journal discusses higher risks of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia found among women who took SSRIs during pregnancy.Toh et al. ( 4) studied a cohort of women assembled from the Slone Epidemiology Center who delivered nonmalformed infants.Study nurses obtained information on birth outcomes, health habits, medication use, physical conditions, and medical complications.However, researchers interviewed subjects after delivery and did not review medical charts.Included were 199 women who used SSRIs during the 2 months prior to pregnancy and possibly during pregnancy.Ninety-two women continued medication beyond the first trimester.The nonexposed group included 5,532 pregnant women who did not take SSRIs.The analysis controlled for demographic variables, gravidity, multifetal gestation, infertility treatment, diabetes, prepregnancy weight, and hazardous substance use.The onset of hypertension after 20 weeks occurred in 9% of those who did not use a SSRI and 19% of the 199 women who used a SSRI at some point during the study interval.The rate for women who continued SSRIs throughout pregnancy was 26%.Possible preeclampsia was experienced by 2.4% and 3.7% of women who did and did not use SSRIs, respectively, but the rate was 15% if a woman continued treatment with a SSRI beyond the first trimester (relative risk=4.9;95% confidence interval [CI]=2.7-8.8).
Mycobacterium xenopi pulmonary infection in an HIV infected patient under highly active antiretroviral treatment
Authors: C Bachmeyer
Journal: Thorax (2001)

Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is responsible for a striking reduction in AIDS related morbidity and mortality by partly restoring immune function. However, HAART can also precipitate the development of clinically apparent opportunistic infections in patients with latent infections. We report a case of an HIV infected patient who developed granulomatous nodular and cavitatory lesions of the lungs due to Mycobacterium xenopi as a manifestation of the immune restoration syndrome.
Early Estimation of Myocardial Damage in Conscious Dogs and Patients with Evolving Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: William E. Shell, John F. Lavelle, James W. Covell, Burton E. Sobel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1973)

To estimate the ultimate extent of myocardial damage during evolving myocardial infarction in conscious dogs and patients, we analyzed early serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) changes with nonlinear curve-fitting techniques. In experiments with dogs, serial serum CPK changes were fit to a log-normal function by the least squares method; the extent of the completed infarct was calculated by analysis of observed serum CPK changes and verified by measurement of myocardial CPK depletion 24 h after coronary occlusion. Early prediction of myocardial damage was based on projected serum CPK values from best fit curves based on data obtained during the first 5 h after initial elevation of enzyme activity. The correlation between predicted and observed values was close (r > 0.96, n = 11). In 11 additional conscious animals subjected to coronary occlusion, isoproterenol was administered continuously as soon as damage had been estimated from projected serum CPK values. The extent of the completed infarct was assessed by analysis of all serial serum CPK values and verified by analysis of myocardial CPK depletion 24 h after coronary occlusion. In each experiment the calculated completed infarct size exceeded infarct size projected before administration of isoproterenol (average increase = 44+/-10 [SE]%). When similar calculations were applied in experiments with eight dogs treated with propranolol, myocardial salvage was detected in 50% of the animals. In 30 patients with uncomplicated acute myocardial infarction the extent of the completed infarct, measured by analysis of CPK activity in serum samples obtained every 2 h, was compared with damage estimated from CPK values projected by the best fit log-normal curve derived from data obtained during the first 7 h after the initial serum CPK elevation. The estimate of damage based on early data correlated closely with the extent of infarction calculated from all available serial serum CPK values (r = 0.93, n = 30). Thus, the extent of the completed infarct could be estimated accurately during the early evolution of infarction. In patients with spontaneous extension of infarction manifested by chest pain and electrocardiographic changes, the calculated extent of the completed infarct exceeded that predicted. Conversely, salvage of myocardium, after reduction of myocardial oxygen requirements by administration of trimethaphan, was reflected by reduction of the extent of the calculated completed infarct with respect to that predicted from early serum CPK changes.
Voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels in resistance arteries from spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Authors: Y Ohya, I Abe, K Fujii, Y Takata, M Fujishima
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

Alterations in voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels in the arterial smooth muscle cells of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were investigated using the whole-cell voltage clamp and compared with Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. Single cells were freshly isolated from resistance mesenteric arteries from 4- to 5-week-old (young) and 16- to 18-week-old (adult) SHR. Elevated blood pressure was only evident in adult SHR, not in young SHR. In young rats, the Ca2+ channel current density (current amplitude normalized by cell capacitance) was significantly higher (P < .01) in SHR than in WKY rats at the command potential of -10 mV or higher (with 50 mmol/L Ba2+): The current density at 20 mV was -16.8 +/- 1.1 pA/pF in SHR (n = 38 cells) and -11.0 +/- 0.8 pA/pF in WKY rats (n = 30 cells). In adult rats, the difference in current densities disappeared: -15.9 +/- 1.3 pA/pF in SHR (n = 25 cells) and -15.6 +/- 1.5 pA/pF in WKY rats (n = 29 cells). The ratio of maximal amplitude of T-type current to that of L-type current was low in young SHR (0.10 +/- 0.01) compared with the other three groups (0.16 to 0.20). Neither the activation curve nor the steady-state inactivation curve of SHR was different from that of age-matched WKY rats. However, the activation curves in adult rats were shifted to a hyperpolarized direction compared with those of young rats in both strains. These results suggest that the increased activity of voltage-dependent L-type Ca2+ channels of resistance arteries in young SHR may be related to the development of hypertension. The changes observed in adult rats may be due to a secondary modification of the channel during maturation and the presence of hypertension.
A Phase 2 Trial of Ponatinib in Philadelphia Chromosome–Positive Leukemias
Authors: J.E. Cortes, D.-W. Kim, J. Pinilla-Ibarz, P. le Coutre, R. Paquette, C. Chuah, F.E. Nicolini, J.F. Apperley, H.J. Khoury, M. Talpaz, J. DiPersio, D.J. DeAngelo, E. Abruzzese, D. Rea, M. Baccarani, M.C. Müller, C. Gambacorti-Passerini, S. Wong, S. Lustgarten, V.M. Rivera, T. Clackson, C.D. Turner, F.G. Haluska, F. Guilhot, M.W. Deininger, A. Hochhaus, T. Hughes, J.M. Goldman, N.P. Shah, H. Kantarjian
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

Ponatinib is a potent oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor of unmutated and mutated BCR-ABL, including BCR-ABL with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor–refractory threonine-to-isoleucine mutation at position 315 (T315I). We conducted a phase 2 trial of ponatinib in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) or Philadelphia chromosome–positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph-positive ALL).
ADAM10 is a principal 'sheddase' of the low-affinity immunoglobulin E receptor CD23
Authors: Gisela Weskamp, Jill W Ford, Jamie Sturgill, Steve Martin, Andrew J P Docherty, Steven Swendeman, Neil Broadway, Dieter Hartmann, Paul Saftig, Shelby Umland, Atsuko Sehara-Fujisawa, Roy A Black, Andreas Ludwig, J David Becherer, Daniel H Conrad, Carl P Blobel
Journal: Nature Immunology (2006)
Regulation of chymase production in human mast cell progenitors
Authors: Kangmo Ahn, Shinji Takai, Ruby Pawankar, Atsuo Kuramasu, Hiroshi Ohtsu, Duraisamy Kempuraj, Hisashi Tomita, Makoto Iida, Kenji Matsumoto, Akira Akasawa, Mizuo Miyazaki, Hirohisa Saito
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2000)

<h2>Abstract</h2> <b>Background:</b> Although mature tryptase-positive mast cells (MCs) and tryptase and chymase double-positive MCs are recognized using in situ staining and are preferentially distributed in different tissues, recent findings suggest that tryptase-positive MCs can give rise to tryptase and chymase double-positive MCs. <b>Objective:</b> We investigated the regulation of chymase production in developing MCs. <b>Methods:</b> Human cord blood or peripheral blood cells were cultured in the presence of stem cell factor and IL-6 with or without IL-4 in methylcellulose or liquid medium. Intracellular chymase and tryptase were determined with immunocytochemistry, flow cytometry, and ELISA. Chymase messenger RNA expression was examined with 3 different methods, such as Northern blotting. <b>Results:</b> Flow cytometric analysis always showed a unimodal histogram of chymase-positive, as well as tryptase-positive, cells in the presence of various cytokines, even when chymase was not detected in some MCs with immunocytochemistry. The chymase protein expression increased by culture duration and was enhanced by cytokines, such as a high concentration of stem cell factor or IL-4. Chymase messenger RNA was expressed higher in immature MCs than mature chymase protein–rich MCs. We generated macroscopic MC colonies in methylcellulose by culturing CD34<sup>+</sup> cells for 10 weeks and measured cellular chymase, tryptase, and histamine. The chymase/histamine ratio widely varied (0.07-1.01) depending on MC colony, even under the same culture conditions, including IL-4, whereas the tryptase/histamine ratio was relatively constant (1.02-1.89). <b>Conclusion:</b> All human MCs in culture are capable of producing chymase, and the production is clonally regulated at their progenitors by cytokine-independent mechanisms, as well as being totally controlled by cytokine-dependent mechanisms accompanied by maturation. (J Allergy Clin Immunol 2000;106:321-8.)