tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Antisocial behaviour in children with and without callous-unemotional traits
Authors: Essi Viding, Nathalie MG Fontaine, Eamon J McCrory
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2012)

More than 15 years of research have documented behavioural differences between callous-unemotional and non-callous subtypes of children with antisocial behaviour. Recent studies also suggest that children with callous-unemotional traits may be genetically vulnerable to antisocial behaviour, while those without callous-unemotional traits appear to have primarily environmental aetiology to their antisocial behaviour. Furthermore neurocognitive profiles differ between antisocial children with and without callous-unemotional traits. While the former group appears emotionally under-reactive, particularly to others' distress, the latter group may be emotionally over-reactive, particularly to perceived threat. In this review we provide an overview of the current evidence base with regard to callous-unemotional and non-callous subgroups of children with antisocial behaviour and discuss the implications of the current evidence base for prevention and intervention. This overview selectively focuses on recent advances in this area of research, as well as earlier studies where these help set the research context.
Two biomarker-directed randomized trials in European and Chinese patients with nonsmall-cell lung cancer: the BRCA1-RAP80 Expression Customization (BREC) studies
Authors: T. Moran, J. Wei, M. Cobo, X. Qian, M. Domine, Z. Zou, I. Bover, L. Wang, M. Provencio, L. Yu, I. Chaib, C. You, B. Massuti, Y. Song, A. Vergnenegre, H. Lu, G. Lopez-Vivanco, W. Hu, G. Robinet, J. Yan, A. Insa, X. Xu, M. Majem, X. Chen, R. de las Peñas, N. Karachaliou, M.A. Sala, Q. Wu, D. Isla, Y. Zhou, N. Baize, F. Zhang, J. Garde, P. Germonpre, S. Rauh, H. ALHusaini, M. Sanchez-Ronco, A. Drozdowskyj, J.J. Sanchez, C. Camps, B. Liu, R. Rosell, B. Colinet, J. De Grève, P. Germonpré, H. Chen, X. Chen, J. Du, Y. Gao, J. Hu, W. Hu, W. Kong, L. Li, R. Li, X. Li, B. Liu, J. Liu, H. Lu, X. Qian, W. Ren, Y. Song, L. Wang, J. Wei, L. Wen, Q. Wu, X. Xiao, X. Xu, J. Yan, J. Yang, M. Yang, Y. Yang, J. Yin, C. You, L. Yu, X. Yue, F. Zhang, J. Zhang, Y. Zhou, L. Zhu, Z. Zou, N. Baize, P. Bombaron, C. Chouaid, E. Dansin, P. Fournel, G. Fraboulet, R. Gervais, S. Hominal, S. Kahlout, H. Lecaer, H. Lena, J. LeTreut, C. Locher, O. Molinier, I. Monnet, G. Oliviero, G. Robinet, R. Schoot, P. Thomas, A. Vergnènegre, G. Berchem, S. Rauh, H. Al Husaini, F. Aparisi, E. Arriola, I. Ballesteros, I. Barneto, R. Bernabé, A. Blasco, J. Bosch-Barrera, I. Bover, V. Calvo de Juan, C. Camps, E. Carcereny, S. Catot, M. Cobo, R. De las Peñas, M. Dómine, E. Felip, M.R. García-Campelo, C. García-Girón, R. García-Gómez, R. Garcia-Sevila, J. Garde, A. Gasco, J. Gil, J.L. González-Larriba, S. Hernando-Polo, E. Jantus, A. Insa, D. Isla, B. Jiménez, P. Lianes, R. López-López, A. López-Martín, G. López-Vivanco, J.A. Macias, M. Majem, J.L. Marti-Ciriquian, B. Massuti, R. Montoyo, D. Morales-Espinosa, T. Morán, M.A. Moreno, C. Pallares, M. Parera, R. Pérez-Carrión, R. Porta, M. Provencio, N. Reguart, R. Rosell, F. Rosillo, M.A. Sala, J.M. Sanchez, I. Sullivan, J. Terrasa, J.M. Trigo, J. Valdivia, N. Viñolas, S. Viteri, M. Botia-Castillo, J.L. Mate, M. Perez-Cano, J.L. Ramirez, B. Sanchez-Rodriguez, M. Taron, M. Tierno-Garcia, E. Mijangos, J. Ocaña, E. Pereira, J. Shao, X. Sun, R. O'Brate
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Prevention of Dental Caries and Oral Sepsis.
Authors: Henry Percy Pickerill
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Molecular and Functional Characterization of Two Novel Human C-C Chemokines as Inhibitors of Two Distinct Classes of Myeloid Progenitors
Authors: Vikram P. Patel, Brent L. Kreider, Yuling Li, Haodong Li, Kam Leung, Theodora Salcedo, Bernardetta Nardelli, Vani Pippalla, Solange Gentz, Rao Thotakura, David Parmelee, Reiner Gentz, Gianni Garotta
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1997)

Two novel human beta-chemokines, Ck beta-8 or myeloid progenitor inhibitory factor 1 (MPIF-1), and Ck beta-6 or MPIF-2, were discovered as part of a large scale cDNA sequencing effort. The MPIF-1 and MPIF-2 cDNAs were isolated from aortic endothelium and activated monocyte libraries, respectively. Both of the cDNAs were cloned into a baculovirus vector and expressed in insect cells. The mature recombinant MPIF-1 protein consists of 99 amino acids and is most homologous to macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha, showing 51% identity. It displays chemotactic activity on resting T lymphocytes and monocytes, a minimal but significant activity on neutrophils, and is negative on activated T lymphocytes. MPIF-1 is also a potent suppressor of bone marrow low proliferative potential colony-forming cells, a committed progenitor that gives rise to granulocyte and monocyte lineages. The mature recombinant MPIF-2 has 93 amino acid residues and shows 39 and 42% identity with monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-3 and MIP-1alpha, respectively. It displays chemotactic activity on resting T lymphocytes, a minimal activity on neutrophils, and is negative on monocytes and activated T lymphocytes. On eosinophils, MPIF-2 produces a transient rise of cytosolic Ca2+ and uses the receptor for eotaxin and MCP-4. In hematopoietic assays, MPIF-2 strongly suppressed the colony formation by the high proliferative potential colony-forming cell (HPP-CFC), which represents a multipotential hematopoietic progenitor.
Diagnostic culture confirmation and bacteriological evidence of cure in English adult TB cases: Can we do better?
Authors: Abbey Leahy, Martin Hetzel, Onn Kon, Marc Lipman, Ibrahim Abubakar
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  WHO and European guidelines recommend high levels of culture confirmation of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) cases, and that clinicians report evidence of bacteriological cure. To date these criteria are not used in the UK.   Objectives:  1.To determine why not all cases of notified pulmonary TB have microbiological confirmation, and to identify factors required to improve the proportion of cases confirmed by culture. 2. To investigate the feasibility of obtaining bacteriological cure in culture confirmed cases.   Methods:  Records for adults diagnosed with pulmonary TB and notified in 2009 from 3 hospitals in England (Bristol Royal Infirmary, St Mary9s and Royal Free) were reviewed. A standard tool collected clinical and demographic data.   Results:  123 cases were identified (85% confirmed HIV negative). 95% of subjects had sputum or lung fluid samples sent for smear and culture. 58% of subjects had smear positive disease. Culture was positive in 79% cases. 5% had no cultures performed - mainly because non-TB specialists requested samples. At treatment completion, 16% of subjects were documented as microbiologically cured and 83%not tested. The main reasons were absence of symptoms and radiological resolution.   Conclusion:  To improve bacterial confirmation at diagnosis, current culture techniques need enhancing. An awareness of needing specific mycobacterial samples amongst non-TB specialists may help. Given that documentation of microbiological cure is rarely performed, optimising simple sputum collection may be the only option as it is unlikely that induced sputum or bronchoscopy in asymptomatic patients at treatment end is acceptable, and unlikely to be cost effective.
4′‐modified nucleoside analogs: Potent inhibitors active against entecavir‐resistant hepatitis B virus
Authors: Yuki Takamatsu, Yasuhito Tanaka, Satoru Kohgo, Shuko Murakami, Kamalendra Singh, Debananda Das, David J. Venzon, Masayuki Amano, Nobuyo Higashi‐Kuwata, Manabu Aoki, Nicole S. Delino, Sanae Hayashi, Satoru Takahashi, Yoshikazu Sukenaga, Kazuhiro Haraguchi, Stefan G. Sarafianos, Kenji Maeda, Hiroaki Mitsuya
Journal: Hepatology (2015)

Certain nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors (NRTIs) are effective against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV‐1) and hepatitis B virus (HBV). However, both viruses often acquire NRTI resistance, making it crucial to develop more‐potent agents that offer profound viral suppression. Here, we report that 4′‐C‐cyano‐2‐amino‐2′‐deoxyadenosine (CAdA) is a novel, highly potent inhibitor of both HBV (half maximal inhibitory concentration [IC 50 ] = 0.4 nM) and HIV‐1 (IC 50 = 0.4 nM). In contrast, the approved anti‐HBV NRTI, entecavir (ETV), potently inhibits HBV (IC 50 = 0.7 nM), but is much less active against HIV‐1 (IC 50 = 1,000 nM). Similarly, the highly potent HIV‐1 inhibitor, 4′‐ethynyl‐2‐fluoro‐2′‐deoxyadenosine (EFdA; IC 50 = 0.3 nM) is less active against HBV (IC 50 = 160 nM). Southern analysis using Huh‐7 cells transfected with HBV‐containing plasmids demonstrated that CAdA was potent against both wild‐type (IC 50 = 7.2 nM) and ETV‐resistant HBV (IC 50 = 69.6 nM for ), whereas ETV failed to reduce DNA even at 1 μM. Once‐daily peroral administration of CAdA reduced viremia ( P = 0.0005) in human‐liver‐chimeric/ –infected mice, whereas ETV completely failed to reduce viremia. None of the mice had significant drug‐related body‐weight or serum human‐albumin concentration changes. Molecular modeling suggests that a shallower HBV‐RT hydrophobic pocket at the polymerase active site can better accommodate the slightly shorter 4′‐cyano of CAdA‐triphosphate (TP), but not the longer 4′‐ethynyl of EFdA‐TP. In contrast, the deeper HIV‐1‐RT pocket can efficiently accommodate the 4′‐substitutions of both NRTIs. The ETV‐TP's cyclopentyl ring can bind more efficiently at the shallow HBV‐RT binding pocket. Conclusion : These data provide insights on the structural and functional associations of HBV‐ and HIV‐1‐RTs and show that CAdA may offer new therapeutic options for HBV patients. (H epatology 2015;62:1024‐1036)
Primary Culture of Rat Mammary Epithelial Cells. I. Effect of Plating Density, Hormones, and Serum on DNA Synthesis&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: James Richards, S. Nandi
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1978)

Methods for the primary culture of rat mammary epithelial cells and the response of these cells to various hormones and culture parameters are described. In addition, the techniques for subsequent retransplantation of cultured cells into cleared fat pads of isogenic hosts as a test for normalcy of cultured tissue are detailed. A characteristic and reproducible course of the culture was followed for 2 weeks, after which rat mammary epithelial cells ceased to proliferate and were eventually overgrown by fibroblast-like cells. During the initial 2 weeks in culture, mammary cells and contaminating fibroblast-like cells were responsive to polypeptide and steroid hormones and the percentage of proliferating mammary cells could be enhanced with insulin, prolactin, estradiol, progesterone, and hydrocortisone.
Lichen planus-like eruption and nail changes in a patient with graft-versus-host disease
Authors: B.J. Liddle, M.A. Cowan
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1990)

Journal Article Lichen planus‐like eruption and nail changes in a patient with graft‐versus‐host disease Get access B.J. Liddle, B.J. Liddle Department of Dermatology, The General Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.A. Cowan M.A. Cowan Department of Dermatology, The General Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 122, Issue 6, 1 June 1990, Pages 841–843, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb06280.x Published: 01 June 1990
Note on the Results Obtained by Anti-Typhoid Inoculations in Egypt and Cyprus During the Year 1900
Authors: A. E. Wright
Journal: BMJ (1901)

10 him rightly, he means to leaye open the possibility.that dtriig the subb6ssioi Of enerios eah succeedinj genera-, tioi may acquire an *4diti6nal degree of immunity and that this originally.infinitesimal amount may accumulate to a 'fiite apprecible amnonit;, or-even 'to total immunity in the"'sane.way 'that.Darwip,.to aocount for the hereditary transmission of acquired.chaiacters,presupposes the accuz,u- lative effect of a long 'series of generations during which tliei influence`which' frst led to the acquisition of'the-new character wag conotantly,at work.In this form the theory of th'e 'hered4tary transmi,seion of immunity has 'indeed fre- quently' been adVanced' in 'order to 'explain the immunity which certain human races-negroes and 'mulattos-enJoy with regard to certain tropical diseases.While originally liable to 'th'e deleterious iuence of these infections in the same way an:d to the 'same extent as the white races, 'they are said to have become proof against them by living in regions in which every following generation is exposed to and attacked by the same poison, and in which every generation leaves to
Long-Term Risk of Incident Type 2 Diabetes and Measures of Overall and Regional Obesity: The EPIC-InterAct Case-Cohort Study
Authors: Claudia Langenberg, Stephen J. Sharp, Matthias B. Schulze, Olov Rolandsson, Kim Overvad, Nita G. Forouhi, Joachim Spranger, Dagmar Drogan, Jose Maria Huerta, Larraitz Arriola, Blandine de Lauzon-Guillan, Maria-Jose Tormo, Eva Ardanaz, Beverley Balkau, Joline W. J. Beulens, Heiner Boeing, H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Francoise Clavel-Chapelon, Francesca L. Crowe, Paul W. Franks, Carlos A. Gonzalez, Sara Grioni, Jytte Halkjaer, Goran Hallmans, Rudolf Kaaks, Nicola D. Kerrison, Timothy J. Key, Kay Tee Khaw, Amalia Mattiello, Peter Nilsson, Teresa Norat, Luigi Palla, Domenico Palli, Salvatore Panico, J. Ramon Quiros, Dora Romaguera, Isabelle Romieu, Carlotta Sacerdote, Maria-Jose Sanchez, Nadia Slimani, Ivonne Sluijs, Annemieke M. W. Spijkerman, Birgit Teucher, Anne Tjonneland, Rosario Tumino, L. van der A. Daphne, Yvonne T. van der Schouw, Edith J. M. Feskens, Elio Riboli, Nicholas J. Wareham
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2012)

Waist circumference (WC) is a simple and reliable measure of fat distribution that may add to the prediction of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but previous studies have been too small to reliably quantify the relative and absolute risk of future diabetes by WC at different levels of body mass index (BMI).The prospective InterAct case-cohort study was conducted in 26 centres in eight European countries and consists of 12,403 incident T2D cases and a stratified subcohort of 16,154 individuals from a total cohort of 340,234 participants with 3.99 million person-years of follow-up. We used Prentice-weighted Cox regression and random effects meta-analysis methods to estimate hazard ratios for T2D. Kaplan-Meier estimates of the cumulative incidence of T2D were calculated. BMI and WC were each independently associated with T2D, with WC being a stronger risk factor in women than in men. Risk increased across groups defined by BMI and WC; compared to low normal weight individuals (BMI 18.5-22.4 kg/m(2)) with a low WC (<94/80 cm in men/women), the hazard ratio of T2D was 22.0 (95% confidence interval 14.3; 33.8) in men and 31.8 (25.2; 40.2) in women with grade 2 obesity (BMI≥35 kg/m(2)) and a high WC (>102/88 cm). Among the large group of overweight individuals, WC measurement was highly informative and facilitated the identification of a subgroup of overweight people with high WC whose 10-y T2D cumulative incidence (men, 70 per 1,000 person-years; women, 44 per 1,000 person-years) was comparable to that of the obese group (50-103 per 1,000 person-years in men and 28-74 per 1,000 person-years in women).WC is independently and strongly associated with T2D, particularly in women, and should be more widely measured for risk stratification. If targeted measurement is necessary for reasons of resource scarcity, measuring WC in overweight individuals may be an effective strategy, since it identifies a high-risk subgroup of individuals who could benefit from individualised preventive action.
Prevalence and clinical features of lumbar zygapophysial joint pain: a study in an Australian population with chronic low back pain.
Authors: A C Schwarzer, S C Wang, N Bogduk, P J McNaught, R Laurent
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1995)

OBJECTIVES--To determine the prevalence of pain arising from the zygapophysial joint in patients with chronic low back pain and to determine whether any clinical features could distinguish patients with and without such pain. METHODS--Sixty three patients with chronic low back pain were studied prospectively. All patients underwent a detailed history and physical examination as well as a series of intra-articular zygapophysial joint injections of 0.5% bupivacaine starting at the symptomatic level to a maximum of three levels or until the pain was abolished. They also received injections of normal saline into paraspinal muscles to act as controls. RESULTS--All patients proceeded with the injections. Twenty (32%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 20 to 44%) obtained greater than 50% relief of their pain following the administration of saline. Fifty seven patients completed the study; 23 of them (40%; 95% CI 27 to 53%) failed to obtain relief following the injection of saline but obtained relief following one or more intra-articular injections of local anaesthetic. None of the historical features or clinical tests could discriminate those patients with and those without zygapophysial joint pain. CONCLUSION--Pain originating from the zygapophysial joint is not uncommon, but this study failed to find any clinical predictors in patients with such pain.
Efficacy and safety of up to 192 weeks of etanercept therapy in patients with ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: J C Davis, D M van der Heijde, J Braun, M Dougados, D O Clegg, A J Kivitz, R M Fleischmann, R D Inman, L Ni, S-L Lin, W H Tsuji
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2007)

<h3>Objective:</h3> Evaluate long-term safety and efficacy of etanercept treatment in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). <h3>Methods:</h3> Patients with AS who previously participated in a randomised controlled trial (RCT) of etanercept were eligible to enrol in a 168-week open-label extension (OLE). Safety end points included rates of adverse events (AE), serious adverse events (SAE), infections, serious infections and death. Efficacy end points included Assessment in Ankylosing Spondylitis (ASAS20) response, ASAS 5/6 response and partial remission rates. <h3>Results:</h3> A total of 257 of 277 patients (92%) enrolled in the OLE. After up to 192 weeks of treatment with etanercept, the most common AEs were injection site reactions, headaches and diarrhoea. The exposure-adjusted rate of SAEs was 0.08 per patient-year. The rate of infections was 1.1 per patient-year, and the rate for serious infections was 0.02 per patient-year. No deaths were reported. Of patients who received etanercept in both the RCT and OLE and were still in the trial, 71% were ASAS20 responders at week 96, and 81% were responders at week 192. ASAS 5/6 response rates were 61% at week 96 and 60% at week 144, and partial remission response rates were 41% at week 96 and 44% at week 192. Placebo patients who switched to etanercept in the OLE showed similar patterns of efficacy maintenance. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> Etanercept was well tolerated for up to 192 weeks in patients with AS, with no unexpected AEs or SAEs observed. No deaths were reported. Improvements in the signs and symptoms of AS were maintained for up to 192 weeks.
Neonatal follicular mucinosis
Authors: S. Dalle, K. Marrou, B. Balme, L. Thomas
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Journal Article Neonatal follicular mucinosis Get access S. Dalle, S. Dalle Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital de l’Hôtel‐Dieu, Hospices Civils de Lyon and Claude Bernard University, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, 69288 Lyon Cedex 02 France E‐mail: stephane.dalle@chu‐lyon.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Marrou, K. Marrou Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital de l’Hôtel‐Dieu, Hospices Civils de Lyon and Claude Bernard University, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, 69288 Lyon Cedex 02 France E‐mail: stephane.dalle@chu‐lyon.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. Balme, B. Balme Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital de l’Hôtel‐Dieu, Hospices Civils de Lyon and Claude Bernard University, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, 69288 Lyon Cedex 02 France E‐mail: stephane.dalle@chu‐lyon.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. Thomas L. Thomas Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital de l’Hôtel‐Dieu, Hospices Civils de Lyon and Claude Bernard University, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, 69288 Lyon Cedex 02 France E‐mail: stephane.dalle@chu‐lyon.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 157, Issue 3, 1 September 2007, Pages 609–610, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.07956.x Published: 01 September 2007
Nutrient Partitioning by Transgenic Animals
Authors: Norman C. Steele, Vernon G. Pursel
Journal: Annual Review of Nutrition (1990)

The intent of this review is to describe, to the extent possible, the expected change in nutrient requirements resulting from transgene manipulations. Theory of nutrient partitioning. Transgenic procedures and transgene expression; methods of transferring gene, transfer of growth-related genes, expression of integrated gene. Nutrient recommendations for growth-regulated transgenic animals; aminoacids, energy, vitamins and minerals
A critical review of the physiological importance and analysis of sperm movement in mammals
Authors: S. Mortimer
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (1997)

The identification of human sperm hyperactivated motility has potential importance in sperm function tests, as well as in quality control assays and in reproductive toxicology investigations. However, little is known about this phenomenon and the variety of definitions used for hyperactivation has led to a great deal of confusion as to its occurrence and physiological relevance. This presentation is a critical review of a number of aspects of hyperactivated motility, including its identification and potential role(s) in mammalian fertilization. The initial sections of the review consider the mechanisms involved in the development and maintenance of mammalian sperm motility, and the structural and functional changes in spermatozoa which occur during transport through the female reproductive tract. The methods available for the quantification of aspects of sperm movement are also discussed, with an historical overview of sperm movement analysis.