tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
824-5 Percutaneous aortic valve replacement with a self-expandable stent-valve in the beating heart: In vivo stress testing in an animal model
Authors: Markus Ferrari, Gerhard Hellige, Markus Schlosser, Gerald S Werner, Ines Frerichs, Christoph Damm, Volker Guyenot, Hans R Figulla
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Biofeedback provides long term benefit for patients with intractable, slow and normal transit constipation
Authors: E Chiotakakou-Faliakou, M A Kamm, A J Roy, J B Storrie, I C Turner
Journal: Gut (1998)

Many patients with idiopathic constipation do not respond to conventional medical treatments. Recently biofeedback has been proposed as an alternative treatment but the long-term results, and which patients benefit, are unknown. Treatment has usually been restricted to patients with normal colonic transit and impaired pelvic floor coordination on straining.To determine the efficacy and long-term outcome of biofeedback treatment in idiopathic constipation.One hundred consecutive contactable patients who had completed a course of biofeedback more than 12 months previously were identified. Pretreatment details of bowel function and symptoms, whole gut transit time, and anorectal physiological testing, which had been previously prospectively collected, were collated. Follow up consisted of structured interview. Sixty five per cent had slow transit and 59% had paradoxical pelvic floor contraction on straining.Median follow up was 23 months (range 12-44). On long-term follow up 55% felt that biofeedback had helped and 57% felt their constipation was improved. There was a significant reduction in need to strain, abdominal pain, bloating, and oral laxative use. Spontaneous bowel frequency was significantly improved by treatment. Patients with slow and normal transit, males and females, and those with and without paradoxical contraction of the anal sphincter on straining, benefited equally from treatment. Anorectal testing did not predict outcome.This study suggests that biofeedback is an effective long term treatment for the majority of patients with idiopathic constipation unresponsive to traditional treatments. Pelvic floor abnormalities and transit time should not form selection criteria for treatment.
Letter to the Editor: Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in dromedary camels: are dromedary camels a reservoir for MERS-CoV?
Authors: E Karagöz, M Hatipoğlu, V Turhan
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2014)

Preview this article: Letter to the Editor: Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in dromedary camels: are dromedary camels a reservoir for MERS-CoV?, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/eurosurveillance/19/20/art20810-en-1.gif
Modulation of human lymphocyte function by C3a and C3a(70-77).
Authors: D G Payan, D E Trentham, E J Goetzl
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1982)

Human C3a and the synthetic octapeptide C3a (70-77), which retains the activities of an anaphylatoxin, inhibit in a concentration-dependent manner the generation of leukocyte inhibitory factor (LIF) activity by human mononuclear leukocytes and T lymphocytes cultured with the mitogens phytohemagglutinin (PHA) or concanavalin A (Con A) or the antigen streptokinase-streptodornase (SK-SD). The generation of LIF activity was inhibited by 50% by 10(-8) M C3a or C3a(70-77) with PHA or Con A as the stimulus, whereas a more than 10-fold higher concentration of C3a(70-77) than C3a was required to achieve the same level of suppression with SK-SD as the stimulus. Similar concentrations of C3a(70-77) inhibited to the same extent the migration of T lymphocytes stimulated by alpha-thioglycerol of Con A. Neither C3a nor C3a(70-77) altered significantly the uptake of [3H]thymidine by human mononuclear cells exposed to PHA, Con A, or SK-SD. The capacity of C3a(70-77)-Sepharose,m but not Sepharose alone, to adsorb or inactivate mononuclear leukocytes required for the generation of LIF activity established a direct interaction. Analysis of the lymphocytes in the effluent from C3a(70-77)-Sepharose columns, using monoclonal antibodies to surface antigens, showed a selective depletion of the helper/inducer population of lymphocytes. C3a might represent an important mediator of the functionally selective regulation of human T lymphocyte activities by the complement system.
Research Conducted Using Data Obtained through Online Communities: Ethical Implications of Methodological Limitations
Authors: A. Cecile J. W. Janssens, Peter Kraft
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2012)

An Essay by A. Cecile Janssens and Peter Kraft discusses the limitations inherent in research involving collection of self-reported data by self-selected participants, and makes proposals for upfront communication of such limitations to study participants.
The dependence on heart rate of the human ventricular action potential duration
Authors: L ARNOLD, J PAGE, D ATTWELL, M CANNELL, D A EISNER
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1982)

For the human electrocardiogram, the relationship between QT interval and heart rate was examined in conditions where the heart rate was changed at different rates. The QT interval provides a measure of the ventricular action potential duration. For slow changes of heart rate, elicited by mild exercise, the dependence of QT interval on heart rate obtained when the heart rate was rising was the same as that obtained when the heart rate was falling. The QT interval was approximately proportional to 1/(heart rate)1/2. For the rapid transient changes of heart rate associated with respiration, the QT interval was approximately constant, independent of the instantaneous heart rate. For rapid sustained changes of heart rate, elicited by heavy exercise or immersion of the face in cold water, the changes in QT interval lagged behind the heart rate changes. Consequently the dependence of QT interval on heart rate obtained when the heart rate was increasing differed from the dependence obtained during a fall in heart rate. This time dependence of the relationship between QT interval and heart rate is similar to that seen for the relationship between action potential duration and stimulation rate in isolated pieces of mammalian ventricle.
Intratumoral Induction of CD103 Triggers Tumor-Specific CTL Function and CCR5-Dependent T-Cell Retention
Authors: Katarzyna Franciszkiewicz, Audrey Le Floc'h, Abdelali Jalil, Frédéric Vigant, Thomas Robert, Isabelle Vergnon, Andrzej Mackiewicz, Karim Benihoud, Pierre Validire, Salem Chouaib, Christophe Combadière, Fathia Mami-Chouaib
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract We have reported previously that the interaction of αE(CD103)β7 integrin, expressed on a CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) clone but not on a peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) counterpart, with the epithelial marker E-cadherin on human lung tumor cells plays a crucial role in T-cell receptor–mediated cytotoxicity. We show here that both TIL and PBL clones are able to migrate toward autologous tumor cells and that chemokine receptor CCR5 is involved in this process. Adoptive transfer of the PBL clone in the cognate tumor engrafted in nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient mice and subsequent coengagement of T-cell receptor and transforming growth factor-β1 receptor triggers CD103 expression on T-cell surface resulting in strong potentiation of antitumor lytic function. Moreover, interaction of αEβ7 integrin with E-cadherin, but not lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 with intercellular adhesion molecule-1, promotes CCR5 recruitment at the immunologic synapse formed between TIL and tumor cells, leading to inhibition of T-cell sensitivity to CCL5 chemotactic gradient. These results provide evidence for a role of tumor microenvironment, namely MHC class I–restricted antigen presentation and transforming growth factor-β1 secretion, in regulating the effector phase of tumor-specific CTL response. They also suggest a unique role of CD103 in T-cell retention at the tumor site by a CCR5-dependent mechanism. [Cancer Res 2009;69(15):6249–55]
Phase I/II Study of the Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Inhibitor Everolimus (RAD001) in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Hematologic Malignancies
Authors: Karen W.L. Yee, Zhihong Zeng, Marina Konopleva, Srdan Verstovsek, Farhad Ravandi, Alessandra Ferrajoli, Deborah Thomas, William Wierda, Efrosyni Apostolidou, Maher Albitar, Susan O'Brien, Michael Andreeff, Francis J. Giles
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Purpose: Everolimus (RAD001, Novartis), an oral derivative of rapamycin, inhibits the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which regulates many aspects of cell growth and division. A phase I/II study was done to determine safety and efficacy of everolimus in patients with relapsed or refractory hematologic malignancies. Experimental Design: Two dose levels (5 and 10 mg orally once daily continuously) were evaluated in the phase I portion of this study to determine the maximum tolerated dose of everolimus to be used in the phase II study. Results: Twenty-seven patients (9 acute myelogenous leukemia, 5 myelodysplastic syndrome, 6 B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia, 4 mantle cell lymphoma, 1 myelofibrosis, 1 natural killer cell/T-cell leukemia, and 1 T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia) received everolimus. No dose-limiting toxicities were observed. Grade 3 potentially drug-related toxicities included hyperglycemia (22%), hypophosphatemia (7%), fatigue (7%), anorexia (4%), and diarrhea (4%). One patient developed a cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis requiring a skin graft. One patient with refractory anemia with excess blasts achieved a major platelet response of over 3-month duration. A second patient with refractory anemia with excess blasts showed a minor platelet response of 25-day duration. Phosphorylation of downstream targets of mTOR, eukaryotic initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1, and/or, p70 S6 kinase, was inhibited in six of nine patient samples, including those from the patient with a major platelet response. Conclusions: Everolimus is well tolerated at a daily dose of 10 mg daily and may have activity in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome. Studies of everolimus in combination with therapeutic agents directed against other components of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt/mTOR pathway are warranted.
Complex Challenges in Treating Depression During Pregnancy
Authors: Linda H. Chaudron
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2013)

The treatment of depression during pregnancy can be challenging for patients and providers alike. An increasing attention to perinatal mood disorders has led to an expanding literature that is often difficult for providers to navigate. It can be a challenge for providers to feel comfortable reviewing the broad scope of the risks and benefits of treatments in the context of the limitations of the literature. Women who are depressed during pregnancy have been found to have an elevated risk of poor obstetrical outcomes, although studies of the relationship between depression and outcomes are limited. Women who are treated with antidepressants during pregnancy are also at risk for a host of poor obstetrical and fetal outcomes. The risks for these outcomes are often confused by confounding factors and study design limitations. Understanding the current data and their limitations will allow providers to guide their patients in choosing treatment options. Consistent and simple strategies should be used when discussing the risk-benefit analysis with the patient.
CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY OF MOUSE MACROPHAGES STUDIED BY VARIOUS INHIBITORS
Authors: Haakon Melsom
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1974)

The influence of various inhibitors on the cytolytic potential of mouse macrophages against syngeneic erythrocytes has been investigated in vitro by isotope techniques. Intact macrophage membrane and cell metabolism was essential for full cytotoxic activity. The process was completely blocked by anaerobiosis and cold. ATP from both mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis seems to be the high energy intermediate which is utilized during the cytotoxic activity of macrophages leading to target cell lysis. The process did not depend on concomitant DNA transcription, translation, or protein synthesis.
THE STUDY OF MENTAL ABNORMALITY: PROLEGOMENA TO THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A NATIONAL LABORATORY FOR THIS PURPOSE
Authors: W. R. D. Fairbairn
Journal: BMJ (1928)

TMDIC BJOURMNA of Asklepios scarcely anything is known, whereas of Imhlotep there remains at least one striking architectural memorial as well as numerous opigraphical and papyric inscriptions, statuettes, and mural represe-ntations,3y all pointing to a distinguished and well-spent life, devoted in part to public service and in part to the healing of the sick.In selecting Imhotep as its tutelary deity the medical profession would erect on its pedestal' of honour a most distinguished Egyptian who for many centuries before our era had been worshipped as the deity of medicine.REvERENCES.
DESCRIPTIVE PROFILE OF SHOULDER AND SCAPULAR ROM AND STRENGTH MEASUREMENTS IN JUNIOR RECREATIONAL AND ELITE GYMNASTS
Authors: A Cools, L van De Lanotte
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2014)

Background Gymnastic sports requires repetitive high load overhead movements that can lead to upper extremity injury. The scapula and the shoulder play a vital role in injury-free performance. Scapular dysfunction and glenohumeral changes in strength and range of motion (ROM) have been associated with shoulder injury in the overhead athlete. Objectives The purpose of this study was to describe scapular position and strength, and shoulder ROM and strength variables in a population of junior and adolescent recreational and elite gymnastics in the age categories 6–18 years. Design Descriptive study, cross-sectional design. Setting Training sports facilities. Participants Junior and adolescent gymnastics from different disciplines. Risk factor assessment A clinical screening protocol, using a digital inclinometer and a hand held dynamometer, to measure strength and mobility of the shoulder girdle. Main outcome measures (1) scapular upward rotation (UR) at several angles of arm elevation, (2) isometric scapular muscle strength (3) glenohumeral ROM, and (4) isometric rotator cuff strength. Results Data will be collected sept-dec 2013, and will be presented at the conference. Conclusion This study provides a descriptive profile of shoulder and scapular measurements in a population of elite and recreational gymnasts. These data may help the clinician to screen healthy gymnasts in their injury prevention program.
Reconstruction of the complete human cytomegalovirus genome in a BAC reveals RL13 to be a potent inhibitor of replication
Authors: Richard J. Stanton, Katarina Baluchova, Derrick J. Dargan, Charles Cunningham, Orla Sheehy, Sepehr Seirafian, Brian P. McSharry, M. Lynne Neale, James A. Davies, Peter Tomasec, Andrew J. Davison, Gavin W.G. Wilkinson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2010)

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in clinical material cannot replicate efficiently in vitro until it has adapted by mutation. Consequently, wild-type HCMV differ fundamentally from the passaged strains used for research. To generate a genetically intact source of HCMV, we cloned strain Merlin into a self-excising BAC. The Merlin BAC clone had mutations in the RL13 gene and UL128 locus that were acquired during limited replication in vitro prior to cloning. The complete wild-type HCMV gene complement was reconstructed by reference to the original clinical sample. Characterization of viruses generated from repaired BACs revealed that RL13 efficiently repressed HCMV replication in multiple cell types; moreover, RL13 mutants rapidly and reproducibly emerged in transfectants. Virus also acquired mutations in genes UL128, UL130, or UL131A, which inhibited virus growth specifically in fibroblast cells in wild-type form. We further report that RL13 encodes a highly glycosylated virion envelope protein and thus has the potential to modulate tropism. To overcome rapid emergence of mutations in genetically intact HCMV, we developed a system in which RL13 and UL131A were conditionally repressed during virus propagation. This technological advance now permits studies to be undertaken with a clonal, characterized HCMV strain containing the complete wild-type gene complement and promises to enhance the clinical relevance of fundamental research on HCMV.
Distinct effects of Broncho-Vaxom (OM-85 BV) on gp130 binding cytokines
Authors: M Roth
Journal: Thorax (2000)

<h3>BACKGROUND</h3> Broncho-Vaxom (OM-85 BV) is known to support respiratory tract resistance to bacterial infections. In vivo and in vitro studies in animals and humans have shown that the action of the drug is based on the modulation of the host immune response, and it has been found to upregulate interferon γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, and IL-8. These immunomodulatory effects of the compound may explain its stimulation on T helper cells and natural killer cells. Following earlier findings that OM-85 BV induces the synthesis of IL-6, a study was undertaken to investigate its possible effect on other gp130 binding cytokines including IL-11, IL-12, leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF), oncostatin M (OSM), and ciliary neutrophil factor (CNTF). Its modulation of the corresponding receptors of the above mentioned cytokines and of the signal transducer gp130 in human pulmonary fibroblasts and peripheral blood lymphocytes was also studied. <h3>METHODS</h3> Transcription of cytokines was assessed by Northern blot analysis. Secretion of cytokines was analysed using commercially available enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kits. Cytokine receptors and gp130 proteins were determined by Western blot analysis. <h3>RESULTS</h3> OM-85 BV increased the expression of IL-11 in human lung fibroblasts, but not in lymphocytes, in a dose and time dependent manner by maximal fivefold within 20 hours. The compound inhibited serum induced IL-12 expression in peripheral blood lymphocytes but did not induce OSM, LIF, or CNTF at any concentration. In lung fibroblasts the expression of the IL-6 receptor was enhanced fourfold at a concentration of 10 μg/ml OM-85 BV while that of the IL-11 receptor was not altered. In peripheral blood lymphocytes LIF receptor α expression was downregulated in the presence of 10 μg/ml OM-85 BV. At a concentration of 10 μg/ml OM-85 BV enhanced gp130 gene transcription fivefold and increased gp130 protein accumulation in cell membranes by 2.5 times. <h3>CONCLUSION</h3> In vitro OM-85 BV exerts immunomodulatory action via modulation of the signal transducer gp130 and gp130 binding cytokines. The increase of IL-6 and IL-11 may explain enhanced T and B cell activity, immunoglobulin synthesis, and IgM to IgG switch. Suppression of IL-12 and LIF receptor-α further contributes to organ protection. With regard to gp130 mediated signalling of the investigated cytokines, OM-85 BV modifies the host immune response towards an increased sensitisation of cells to gp130 binding proteins.
Küçük Hücreli Dışı Akciğer Kanserinde İndüksiyon Kemoterapisi Sonrası Pozitron Emisyon Tomografide Maksimum 18-Fluoro-2-Deoksi Glukoz Tutulumunun Biyolojik Korelasyonları
Authors: Christophe Dooms, Eric Verbeken, Sigrid Stroobants, Johan Vansteenkiste
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)
Adjuvant oestrogen treatment increases bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: H R van den Brink, W F Lems, A A van Everdingen, J W Bijlsma
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1993)

OBJECTIVES--The beneficial effect of oestrogens on bone mineral density in women with osteoporosis is well known. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are at risk for osteoporosis. A study was therefore set up to investigate the effects of adjuvant oestrogen treatment on bone metabolism and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with RA. METHODS--Forty postmenopausal women with active RA were admitted to a placebo controlled, double blind study investigating the beneficial effect of adjuvant oestradiols or placebo on bone metabolism and bone mineral density. Thirty three patients completed 52 weeks of treatment. RESULTS--At the start both treatment groups were comparable for all parameters. In the oestrogen group serum concentrations of osteocalcin decreased and concentrations of sex hormone binding globulin increased during the study. Bone mineral density measured by dual energy x ray absorptiometry increased significantly in the lumbar vertebral spine and femoral neck in the oestrogen group compared with the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS--This study shows that the use of adjuvant oestrogens in post-menopausal women with active RA increases bone mineral density.
The impact of skin disease following renal transplantation on quality of life
Authors: F.J. Moloney, S. Keane, P. O'Kelly, P.J. Conlon, G.M. Murphy
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Background The immunosuppressive therapy a patient requires to sustain a functioning renal allograft in the long term is associated with various skin complications. While quality of life (QoL) after renal transplantation has been studied, no publications document the effect of post‐transplant dermatological complications on QoL. Objectives The objective of the study was to document the prevalence of the skin diseases that commonly occur in association with post‐transplant immunosuppression. A general dermatological quality of life questionnaire, the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), was used to assess the QoL effect of these cutaneous complications. The study was designed to examine further the impact of age, sex, duration since transplant and immunosuppressive regimen on the DLQI score of renal transplant recipients (RTR). Methods One hundred and seventy‐three RTR completed the DLQI, were interviewed and examined for evidence of common post‐transplant skin diseases. Results Sixteen per cent of RTR had DLQI scores >6, reflecting a significant impact on their QoL. Dry skin, itch, hypertrichosis, sebaceous gland hyperplasia, acne, genital warts and a history of >4 herpes simplex virus type 1 infections in the past year were all found to have a significant impact on the quality of life (P < 0·05). Multivariate analysis revealed that the greatest impact on QoL was in RTR who were younger, female and with multiple skin problems (P < 0·05). Conclusions The dermatological complications of immunosuppressive therapy are common in RTR and can significantly impair QoL in certain individuals. Visible, infectious and cosmetic skin problems had most impact on QoL while a history of skin cancer had a lesser impact. Early dermatological referral and careful choice of immunosuppression may enhance the QoL, particularly in young and female RTR.
ZINC GLYCO-GELATIN: SOME OF ITS USES IN GENERAL PRACTICE
Authors: W. M. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1927)

ZINC GLYCO-GELATIN.[MTRz BRTA 137 ordiniatioin, and eitlher cause the victim to fall under the car or prevent him from getting out of its way.After such an accidenlt it might easily be believ-ed tllat all injuirv to a braini already the seat of advanced disease was more likely to be fatal thaii would a. siuilar injuryv in ani ordinary brain.A final point of some interest is the relative position of the site of injury and the position of thle so-called contre- coup lesions.The blow struck the head juist above the right ear, whereas the two contrecoup lacerations were found on the left temporal pole and on the lower surface of the temporal lobe.These ar-e by rno means exactly opposite the site of injury, and are the usual site for contrecouip injuries whatever the site of the original violence.My thanks are due to Professor O'Farrel and Dr. Boiilgakov for their help in the preparation of the case.