tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Decreased Expression of Cyr61 Is Associated with Prostate Cancer Recurrence after Surgical Treatment
Authors: Katherine B. D'Antonio, Lucianna Schultz, Roula Albadine, Alison M. Mondul, Elizabeth A. Platz, George J. Netto, Robert H. Getzenberg
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Purpose: Cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61 (Cyr61) is an extracellular matrix protein involved in the transduction of growth factor and hormone signaling. Previous studies have suggested that Cyr61 may be a marker for a more aggressive phenotype. In this study, we evaluated the association between Cyr61 staining intensity and subsequent recurrence after surgical treatment of clinically localized prostate cancer. Experimental Design: A study of 229 men with recurrence and 229 controls matched on age, race, pathologic stage, and Gleason sum nested in a cohort of men who underwent radical prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate cancer, utilizing immunohistochemistry analysis of tissue microarray (TMA) sections, was conducted. Odds ratios (OR) of recurrence and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using conditional logistic regression. Results: Recurrence was identified in 12.2% of cases, and in 24.0% of controls that had at least 1 TMA spot containing cancer with a staining intensity of 3 (P = 0.001). Taking into account age, pathologic stage and grade, presurgery prostate-specific antigen concentration, and calendar of surgery as a measure of tissue block storage time, men with a Cyr61 staining intensity of 3 were 56% less likely to recur than men with a lower staining intensity (OR = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.22–0.90). Conclusions: High Cyr61 staining intensity in adenocarcinoma was associated with a lower risk of recurrence after surgical treatment of prostate cancer independent of pathologic tumor characteristics. If validated in other sample sets, Cyr61 may serve as a tissue biomarker for stratifying men for risk of recurrence and thus could inform treatment decision making. Clin Cancer Res; 16(23); 5908–13. ©2010 AACR.
Adjusting for Selection on Synonymous Sites in Estimates of Evolutionary Distance
Authors: Aaron E Hirsh, Hunter B Fraser, Dennis P Wall
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2004)

Evolution at silent sites is often used to estimate the pace of selectively neutral processes or to infer differences in divergence times of genes. However, silent sites are subject to selection in favor of preferred codons, and the strength of such selection varies dramatically across genes. Here, we use the relationship between codon bias and synonymous divergence observed in four species of the genus Saccharomyces to provide a simple correction for selection on silent sites.
The Shulman syndrome: report of a further case
Authors: KALMAN KECZKES, JOHN D. GOODE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1979)

A 53‐year‐old woman developed swelling of her hands after strenuous sport. Soon her feet became affected and the swelling spread up the arms and legs making arm movement and walking difficult. No Raynaud's phenomenon appeared or other features of systemic sclerosis. There was eosinophilia and hypergammaglobulinaemia in the peripheral blood. Histological examination of the skin showed an increase in the collagen bundles in the dermis extending down to the adipose tissue. The fascia showed dense fibrous tissue with a perivascular infiltrate of lymphocytes, a few plasma cells and eosinophils. Immunohistology of the skin and fascia were negative for IgA, IgG, IgM, C3, CIq and fibrin. After 4 weeks of prednisolone 40 mg daily there was a great improvement. This continued with further corticosteroid therapy.
Adenoviral Infections in Pediatric Liver Transplant Recipients
Authors: Baburao Koneru
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Over a 51/2-year period, 22 of 262 children receiving liver transplants developed adenoviral infections. Five had adenoviral hepatitis in the allograft, caused by serotype 5. All five were treated for rejection, either just before or at the time of infection. Liver biopsy specimens had characteristic histological appearance, and diagnosis of adenoviral infection was confirmed with monoclonal antiadenoviral antibodies, electron microscopy, and by culture of liver tissue. In the remaining 17 patients, adenovirus was isolated from urine, stool, throat secretions, and/or blood samples, but none had any detectable visceral infection. Serotypes 1 and 2 predominated, similar to children not receiving transplants during the same time period. Three of the patients with hepatitis are alive and well; two died of liver failure. Adenoviral hepatitis did not recur in the second allograft of a patient who underwent retransplantation for combined rejection and adenoviral hepatitis, and appears, therefore, not to be a contraindication to retransplantation when liver failure ensues. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;258:489-492)
Pleural mesothelioma associated with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Authors: M Tondini, G Rocco, M Travaglini, G Rossi, A Buscemi, L de Fazio
Journal: Thorax (1994)

Occupational exposure to asbestos has been associated with an increased incidence of lung and gastric cancers, mesotheliomas, and myelolymphoid malignancies. A new observation of a patient with indirect exposure to asbestos who developed mesothelioma and plasmacytoid lymphocytic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is described. This report and the previously described stimulation of B lymphocytes by asbestos suggests that the association of mesothelioma with lymphoid and plasma cell malignancies is not merely a coincidence.
Basic fibroblast growth factor treatment for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug associated gastric ulceration.
Authors: M A Hull, D J Cullen, N Hudson, C J Hawkey
Journal: Gut (1995)

An open, pilot study tested the safety and efficacy of an acid stable form of the angiogenic protein basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) for healing of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) associated gastric ulcers in five patients with nine gastric ulcers that were resistant to conventional treatment (4) or had relapsed (5). Oral bFGF treatment for four weeks was safe and well tolerated. There was no evidence of systemic absorption. After four weeks, four ulcers had healed and there was a 89 (3)% mean (SEM) reduction in the area of the others. A controlled, comparative trial of this novel growth factor treatment is warranted.
Disinfection with glutaraldehyde.
Authors: A C Mair
Journal: BMJ (1980)

intermediate social and economic conditions, has a similar prevalence of gall stones at necropsy to that found in several English towns.However, the death rate from ischaemic heart disease in Scotland was 260o greater for males under 60 and 60%, greater for females in the same age group.We do not have sufficient information to analyse statistically the relationship between gall stones and ischaemic heart disease, but these figures suggest that the negative correlation described by Dr Barker does not apply to this region.
Basal cell carcinoma with neuroid type nuclear palisading: a report of three cases
Authors: None Kadono, None Okada, None Okuno, None Ohara
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

Nuclear palisading is a characteristic feature which is typically seen in neural tumours such as neurilemmoma, and also in some other tumours. We report here three patients with basal cell carcinoma who showed histological patterns similar to nuclear palisading. To our knowledge, this is the first such case report in the medical literature; we apply the term 'neuroid-type nuclear palisading' to these cases. In our patients, the spindle-shaped tumour cells were tightly packed and the nuclei were arranged uniformly to form this rare feature.
Eruptive acanthomas following sunburn
Authors: D.A. Fitzgerald, M. Stephens, J.S.C. English
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1995)

Journal Article Eruptive acanthomas following sunburn D.A. Fitzgerald, D.A. Fitzgerald Department of Dermatology, North Staffordshire Hospital, Hartshill. Stroke‐on‐Trent ST4 7PA, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Stephens, M. Stephens Department of Histopathology, North Staffordshire Hospital, Hartshill. Stroke‐on‐Trent ST4 7PA, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.S.C. English J.S.C. English Department of Dermatology, North Staffordshire Hospital, Hartshill. Stroke‐on‐Trent ST4 7PA, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 133, Issue 3, 1 September 1995, Pages 493–494, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1995.tb02690.x Published: 01 September 1995
Novel lentiviral vectors displaying “early-acting cytokines” selectively promote survival and transduction of NOD/SCID repopulating human hematopoietic stem cells
Authors: Els Verhoeyen, Maciej Wiznerowicz, Delphine Olivier, Brigitte Izac, Didier Trono, Anne Dubart-Kupperschmitt, François-Loïc Cosset
Journal: Blood (2005)
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Affects Liver Histology and Inflammatory Cell Activation in Pediatric Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Regardless of Obesity/Insulin Resistance
Authors: Valerio Nobili, Renato Cutrera, Daniela Liccardo, Martino Pavone, Rita Devito, Valentina Giorgio, Elisabetta Verrillo, Giuseppe Baviera, Giovanni Musso
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2013)

Rationale: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are frequently encountered in obese children. Whether OSAS and intermittent hypoxia are associated with liver injury in pediatric NAFLD is unknown.Objectives: To assess the relationship of OSAS with liver injury in pediatric NAFLD.Methods: Sixty-five consecutive children with biopsy-proven NAFLD (age, mean ± SD, 11.7 ± 2.1 yr; 58% boys; body mass index z score, 1.93 ± 0.61) underwent a clinical-biochemical assessment and a standard polysomnography. Insulin sensitivity, circulating proinflammatory cytokines, markers of hepatocyte apoptosis (cytokeratin-18 fragments), and hepatic fibrogenesis (hyaluronic acid) were measured. Liver inflammatory infiltrate was characterized by immunohistochemistry for CD45, CD3, and CD163, surface markers of leukocytes, T cells, and activated macrophage/Kupffer cells, respectively. OSAS was defined by an apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) greater than or equal to 1 event/h, and severe OSAS was defined by an AHI greater than or equal to 5 events/h.Measurements and Main Results: Fifty-five percent of children with NAFLD had nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and 34% had significant (stage F ≥ 2) fibrosis. OSAS affected 60% of children with NAFLD; the presence and severity of OSAS were associated with the presence of NASH (odds ratio, 4.89; 95% confidence interval, 3.08–5.98; P = 0.0001), significant fibrosis (odds ratio, 5.91; 95% confidence interval, 3.23–7.42; P = 0.0001), and NAFLD activity score (β, 0.347; P = 0.029), independently of body mass index, abdominal adiposity, metabolic syndrome, and insulin resistance. This relationship held also in nonobese children with NAFLD. The duration of hemoglobin desaturation (SaO2 < 90%) correlated with increased intrahepatic leukocytes and activated macrophages/Kupffer cells and with circulating markers of hepatocyte apoptosis and fibrogenesis.Conclusions: In pediatric NAFLD, OSAS is associated with biochemical, immunohistochemical, and histological features of NASH and fibrosis. The impact of hypoxemia correction on liver disease severity warrants evaluation in future trials.
A phase II study of pemetrexed as second-line chemotherapy for the treatment of metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC); Hoosier Oncology Group GU03-67
Authors: N.M. Hahn, R.T. Zon, M. Yu, F.O. Ademuyiwa, T. Jones, W. Dugan, C. Whalen, R. Shanmugam, T. Skaar, C.J. Sweeney
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2009)
A review of methods for assessment of coronary microvascular disease in both clinical and experimental settings
Authors: A. R. Pries, H. Habazettl, G. Ambrosio, P. R. Hansen, J. C. Kaski, V. Schachinger, H. Tillmanns, G. Vassalli, I. Tritto, M. Weis, C. de Wit, R. Bugiardini
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2008)

Obstructive disease of the large coronary arteries is the prominent cause for angina pectoris. However, angina may also occur in the absence of significant coronary atherosclerosis or coronary artery spasm, especially in women. Myocardial ischaemia in these patients is often associated with abnormalities of the coronary microcirculation and may thus represent a manifestation of coronary microvascular disease (CMD). Elucidation of the role of the microvasculature in the genesis of myocardial ischaemia and cardiac damage—in the presence or absence of obstructive coronary atherosclerosis—will certainly result in more rational diagnostic and therapeutic interventions for patients with ischaemic heart disease. Specifically targeted research based on improved assessment modalities is needed to improve the diagnosis of CMD and to translate current molecular, cellular, and physiological knowledge into new therapeutic options.
Persistent Amyloidosis following Suppression of Aβ Production in a Transgenic Model of Alzheimer Disease
Authors: Joanna L Jankowsky, Hilda H Slunt, Victoria Gonzales, Alena V Savonenko, Jason C Wen, Nancy A Jenkins, Neal G Copeland, Linda H Younkin, Henry A Lester, Steven G Younkin, David R Borchelt
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2005)

Background The proteases (secretases) that cleave amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide from the amyloid precursor protein (APP) have been the focus of considerable investigation in the development of treatments for Alzheimer disease. The prediction has been that reducing Aβ production in the brain, even after the onset of clinical symptoms and the development of associated pathology, will facilitate the repair of damaged tissue and removal of amyloid lesions. However, no long-term studies using animal models of amyloid pathology have yet been performed to test this hypothesis. Methods and Findings We have generated a transgenic mouse model that genetically mimics the arrest of Aβ production expected from treatment with secretase inhibitors. These mice overexpress mutant APP from a vector that can be regulated by doxycycline. Under normal conditions, high-level expression of APP quickly induces fulminant amyloid pathology. We show that doxycycline administration inhibits transgenic APP expression by greater than 95% and reduces Aβ production to levels found in nontransgenic mice. Suppression of transgenic Aβ synthesis in this model abruptly halts the progression of amyloid pathology. However, formation and disaggregation of amyloid deposits appear to be in disequilibrium as the plaques require far longer to disperse than to assemble. Mice in which APP synthesis was suppressed for as long as 6 mo after the formation of Aβ deposits retain a considerable amyloid load, with little sign of active clearance. Conclusion This study demonstrates that amyloid lesions in transgenic mice are highly stable structures in vivo that are slow to disaggregate. Our findings suggest that arresting Aβ production in patients with Alzheimer disease should halt the progression of pathology, but that early treatment may be imperative, as it appears that amyloid deposits, once formed, will require additional intervention to clear.
Irinotecan Plus Gemcitabine Induces Both Radiographic and CA 19-9 Tumor Marker Responses in Patients With Previously Untreated Advanced Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: C. M. S. Rocha Lima
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: This phase II, multicenter, open-label, single-arm study evaluated the efficacy and safety of irinotecan and gemcitabine as combination chemotherapy for previously untreated patients with unresectable or metastatic pancreatic cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients received repeated 21-day cycles at starting doses of gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m2 over 30 minutes followed immediately by irinotecan 100 mg/m2 over 90 minutes, both given intravenously on days 1 and 8. Patients were evaluated for objective tumor response, changes in the serum tumor marker CA 19-9, time to tumor progression (TTP), survival, and safety. RESULTS: Forty-five patients were treated. Eleven patients (24%) had 50% or greater reductions in tumor area. These were confirmed one cycle later in nine patients (response rate, 20%; 95% confidence interval, 8% to 32%). Among 44 patients with baseline CA 19-9 determinations, CA 19-9 decreased during therapy in 22 patients (50%) and was reduced by 50% or more in 13 patients (30%). Median TTP was 2.8 months (range, 0.3 to 10.8 months). There were significant (P < .001) correlations between proportional changes in CA 19-9 and radiographic changes in tumor area with regard to extent of change (r = .67), timing of minimum on-study values (r = .85), and tumor progression (r = .89). Median survival was 5.7 months (range, 0.4 to 19.4+ months), and the 1-year survival rate was 27%. Severe toxicities were uncommon and primarily limited to grade 4 neutropenia (2%), grade 4 vomiting (2%), and grade 3 diarrhea (7%). CONCLUSION: Irinotecan/gemcitabine is a new combination that offers encouraging activity in terms of radiographic and CA 19-9 response and notable 1-year survival in pancreatic cancer. The regimen was well tolerated, with minimal grade 3 and 4 toxicities and excellent maintenance of planned dose-intensity.
Current Diagnosis of Venous Thromboembolism in Primary Care: A Clinical Practice Guideline from the American Academy of Family Physicians and the American College of Physicians*
Authors: Amir Qaseem
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2007)

This guideline summarizes the current approaches for the diagnosis of venous thromboembolism. The importance of early diagnosis to prevent mortality and morbidity associated with venous thromboembolism cannot be overstressed. This field is highly dynamic, however, and new evidence is emerging periodically that may change the recommendations. The purpose of this guideline is to present recommendations based on current evidence to clinicians to aid in the diagnosis of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. *This guideline was originally published in the Annals of Family Medicine on 1 January 2007. Readers who wish to cite this article should use the following citation: Qaseem A, Snow V, Barry P, Hornbake ER, Rodnick JE, Tobolic T, et al. Current diagnosis of venous thromboembolism in primary care: A clinical practice guideline from the American Academy of Family Physicians and the American College of Physicians. Ann Fam Med. 2007;5:57-62. †Clinical Efficacy and Assessment Subcommittee of the American College of Physicians: Douglas K. Owens, MD, MS (Chair); Mark Aronson, MD; Donald E. Casey Jr., MD, MPH, MBA; J. Thomas Cross Jr., MD, MPH; Nancy C. Dolan, MD; Nick Fitterman, MD; E. Rodney Hornbake, MD; Paul Shekelle, MD, PhD; Katherine D. Sherif, MD; and Kevin Weiss, MD, MPH (Immediate Past Chair). Commission on Science of the American Academy of Family Physicians: Eric M. Wall, MD, MPH (Chair); Kevin A. Peterson, MD, MPH; James M. Gill, MD; Robert C. Marshall, MD, MPH; Jonathan E. Rodnick, MD; Kenneth G. Schellhase, MD, MPH; Steven W. Strode, MD, MEd, MPH; Kurtis S. Elward, MD, MPH; James W. Mold, MD, MPH; Jonathan L. Temte, MD, PhD; Frederick M. Chen, MD, MPH; Thomas F. Koinis, MD; Donya A. Powers, MD; Karl M. Kochendorfer, MD; Peter John Oppelt; Herbert F. Young, MD, MA; and Bellinda K. Schoof, MHA. Approved by the American College of Physicians Board of Regents on 4 April 2006. Approved by the American Academy of Family Physicians Board of Directors on 28 March 2006.
Mortality Displacement in the Association of Ozone with Mortality
Authors: Antonella Zanobetti, Joel Schwartz
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2007)

Although the association between mortality and particles is well established, fewer studies have been reported with ozone. The harvesting hypothesis posits that the deaths associated with an exposure are occurring in people who are dying already, and the effect of exposure is merely to move the death from one day to an earlier day, and has no other effects that would influence deaths.The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of ozone on mortality, and the extent to which this is due to short-term mortality displacement in 48 U.S. cities between 1989 and 2000.Time series of mortality and ozone were investigated with a generalized linear model during the June-August months, controlling for season, day of the week, and apparent temperature. We examined an unconstrained and a smooth distributed lag with 21 lags of ozone, and effect modification for city-specific characteristics.We found a 0.3% (95% confidence interval, 0.2-0.4) increase in total mortality for a 10-ppb increase in 8-hour ozone at lag 0 during summer months. The effect increased to 0.5% (95% confidence interval, 0.05-0.96) when looking at the unconstrained distributed lag. The shape of the distributed lag indicates that all the effect is in the first week.We did not find mortality displacement due to ozone; rather, the effect size estimate when looking at 21 days of ozone was larger than when using a single day's ozone concentration. Therefore, these results indicate that risk assessments using the single day of ozone exposure are likely to underestimate, rather than overestimate, the public health impact.
Diplopia as the Presenting Symptom of Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Charlotte G. Krol, Frederikus A. Klok, Eelco J.P. de Koning
Journal: Diabetes Care (2014)

Neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes, in which cranial nerve palsies are rare and associated with long-standing poorly controlled type 2 diabetes. We report a case of a young patient with oculomotor nerve palsy as the presenting symptom of type 1 diabetes.

A 36-year-old previously healthy Sudanese man was referred to our emergency department because of progressive diplopia of his right eye for 7 days. At the emergency department, he also reported weight loss, fatigue, excessive thirst, and polyuria in the previous few weeks. His family history revealed type 2 diabetes in his father. On physical examination, there was ptosis and reduced abduction of his right eye. Pupil function was normal. His BMI was 23 kg/m2 …