tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Leadless Intracardiac Transcatheter Pacing System
Authors: Dwight Reynolds, Gabor Z. Duray, Razali Omar, Kyoko Soejima, Petr Neuzil, Shu Zhang, Calambur Narasimhan, Clemens Steinwender, Josep Brugada, Michael Lloyd, Paul R. Roberts, Venkata Sagi, John Hummel, Maria Grazia Bongiorni, Reinoud E. Knops, Christopher R. Ellis, Charles C. Gornick, Matthew A. Bernabei, Verla Laager, Kurt Stromberg, Eric R. Williams, J. Harrison Hudnall, Philippe Ritter
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

A leadless intracardiac transcatheter pacing system has been designed to avoid the need for a pacemaker pocket and transvenous lead.In a prospective multicenter study without controls, a transcatheter pacemaker was implanted in patients who had guideline-based indications for ventricular pacing. The analysis of the primary end points began when 300 patients reached 6 months of follow-up. The primary safety end point was freedom from system-related or procedure-related major complications. The primary efficacy end point was the percentage of patients with low and stable pacing capture thresholds at 6 months (≤2.0 V at a pulse width of 0.24 msec and an increase of ≤1.5 V from the time of implantation). The safety and efficacy end points were evaluated against performance goals (based on historical data) of 83% and 80%, respectively. We also performed a post hoc analysis in which the rates of major complications were compared with those in a control cohort of 2667 patients with transvenous pacemakers from six previously published studies.The device was successfully implanted in 719 of 725 patients (99.2%). The Kaplan-Meier estimate of the rate of the primary safety end point was 96.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 93.9 to 97.3; P<0.001 for the comparison with the safety performance goal of 83%); there were 28 major complications in 25 of 725 patients, and no dislodgements. The rate of the primary efficacy end point was 98.3% (95% CI, 96.1 to 99.5; P<0.001 for the comparison with the efficacy performance goal of 80%) among 292 of 297 patients with paired 6-month data. Although there were 28 major complications in 25 patients, patients with transcatheter pacemakers had significantly fewer major complications than did the control patients (hazard ratio, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.33 to 0.75; P=0.001).In this historical comparison study, the transcatheter pacemaker met the prespecified safety and efficacy goals; it had a safety profile similar to that of a transvenous system while providing low and stable pacing thresholds. (Funded by Medtronic; Micra Transcatheter Pacing Study ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02004873.).
Forceps versus snare polypectomies in colorectal cancer screening: are we adhering to the guidelines?
Authors: Martha Britto-Arias, Elisabeth Waldmann, Philip Jeschek, Irina Gessl, Daniela Sallinger, Christina Bannert, Michael Weber, Michael Trauner, Werner Weiss, Arnulf Ferlitsch, Monika Ferlitsch
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

<b>Background and study aims:</b> European guidelines for quality assurance in colorectal cancer screening recommend snare resection for polyps > 5 mm. The aim of this study was to investigate polypectomy technique according to lesion size and shape, and to assess adherence of endoscopists enrolled in the national quality assurance program to the European guidelines. <b>Patients and methods:</b> This cohort study included screening colonoscopies performed between 2007 and 2013 within a quality assurance program in Austria. Resection technique was analyzed according to lesion characteristics and endoscopy facility (private practices, hospitals, outpatient clinics) before publication of the EU guidelines (2007 – 2010) and adherence to the guidelines after publication (2011 – 2013). All surveillance colonoscopies and examinations with missing data were excluded. <b>Results:</b> A total of 128 969 screening colonoscopies performed by 278 endoscopy units were included. The polyp detection rate was 39.6 % (n = 47 797) and 95.6 % of polyps were resected. Of polyps ≥ 5 mm, 46.0 % were resected using forceps and were therefore not treated in accordance with the guidelines. Forceps polypectomy of lesions 5 – 10 mm and > 10 mm decreased significantly in hospitals after implementation of the guidelines (both <i>P</i> < 0.0001). In private practices, there was no difference in forceps usage for polyps of 5 – 10 mm (<i>P</i> = 0.41) before and after the guidelines, and for polyps > 10 mm forceps usage even increased (<i>P</i> < 0.0001). Endoscopists’ forceps removal rates for polyps ≥ 5 mm correlated significantly with respective adenoma detection rates (<i>P</i> = 0.0007, r<i> <sub>p</sub> </i> – 0.187) and cecal intubation rates (<i>P</i> = 0.0001, r<i> <sub>p</sub> </i> – 0.303). Among endoscopists in private practices, internists had slightly lower forceps removal rates for polyps ≥ 5 mm than surgeons, both before (47.2 % vs. 50.7 %; <i>P</i> = 0.014) and after publication of the guidelines (51.9 % vs. 53.5 %; <i>P</i> = 0.161). <b>Conclusions:</b> This study confirmed the importance of the European guidelines. The inclusion of adequate resection technique as a quality indicator in colorectal cancer screening programs is recommended.
Bioengineered vocal fold mucosa for voice restoration
Authors: Changying Ling, Qiyao Li, Matthew E. Brown, Yo Kishimoto, Yutaka Toya, Erin E. Devine, Kyeong-Ok Choi, Kohei Nishimoto, Ian G. Norman, Tenzin Tsegyal, Jack J. Jiang, William J. Burlingham, Sundaram Gunasekaran, Lloyd M. Smith, Brian L. Frey, Nathan V. Welham
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2015)

Primary human vocal fold mucosal cells recapitulate native physiologic function, offering voice restoration to patients with advanced laryngeal disease.
Re-launch of PulMiCC trial to discover the true effect of pulmonary metastasectomy on survival in advanced colorectal cancer
Authors: T. Treasure, C. Russell, F. Macbeth
Journal: BMJ (2015)

We share de Vries and colleagues’ concerns about bias in outcome reporting.1 In the context of antidepressant trials and Study 329, De Vries and colleagues note “negative trials were reported as positive, often because of outcome reporting bias.” Changing the reported outcome is a slippery slope, not confined to pharma, which leads to misleading …
Functional Analyses of Transcription Factor Binding Sites that Differ between Present-Day and Archaic Humans
Authors: Sven Weyer, Svante Pääbo
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2015)

We analyze 25 previously identified transcription factor binding sites that carry DNA sequence changes that are present in all or nearly all present-day humans, yet occur in the ancestral state in Neandertals and Denisovans, the closest evolutionary relatives of humans. When the ancestral and derived forms of the transcription factor binding sites are tested using reporter constructs in 3 neuronal cell lines, the activity of 12 of the derived versions of transcription factor binding sites differ from the respective ancestral variants. This suggests that the majority of this class of evolutionary differences between modern humans and Neandertals may affect gene expression in at least some tissue or cell type.
Ex Vivo expansion Of Umbilical Cord Blood CD34+ Cells Under Hypoxic Conditions Using Novel Compound#999 With Cytokines
Authors: Saadiya Khan, Alison L. Stewart, Siddhartha Mukherjee, Stuart L. Scheiber, Benjamin L. Ebert, Todd R. Golub, David T. Scadden, Malcolm A.S. Moore
Journal: Blood (2013)
A phase II study of interleukin-2 and lymphokine-activated killer cells in patients with metastatic malignant melanoma.
Authors: J P Dutcher, S Creekmore, G R Weiss, K Margolin, A B Markowitz, M Roper, D Parkinson, N Ciobanu, R I Fisher, D H Boldt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1989)

Thirty-six patients with metastatic melanoma were entered into a study of the therapeutic efficacy of adoptive immunotherapy with high-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) and lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells. Thirty-two patients who received all components of the therapy are evaluable for response, and all patients are evaluable for toxicity. Sites of disease included lung, liver, subcutaneous nodules, and intra-abdominal metastases. One complete response (CR) and five partial responses (PRs) resulted from treatment (19% response rate). The median response duration was 5 months, with the durable CR continuing at 31+ months and one durable PR continuing for 13 months. Sites of response included lung, liver, subcutaneous nodules, and lymph nodes. Response, response duration, or site of response did not correlate with the total dose of IL-2 administered, rebound lymphocytosis, or the number of LAK cells infused. Toxicity included hypotension, fluid retention with a "capillary leak syndrome" in most patients, and transient multiorgan dysfunction that resolved promptly after the completion of therapy. Adverse cardiac events occurred in 16% of patients, with one myocardial infarction leading to a death. This study confirms the activity of the initial IL-2/LAK cell regimen in metastatic melanoma reported by Rosenberg et al, supporting the concept of adoptive immunotherapy as an important new treatment approach for this disease.
On the Making of a Clinical Nutritionist
Authors: Robert E. Olson
Journal: Annual Review of Nutrition (1996)

Clinical nutrition may be defined as the application of the principles of nutrition science and medical practice to the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of human disease caused by the deficiency, excess, or metabolic imbalance of nutrients. At present, many physicans do not appreciate the great traditions established by their forebears in this field (Hippocrates, Lind, Eijkman, Glisson, Casal, Livingstone, Hopkins, and Goldberger). They have tended to avoid nutritional problems, plead ignorance of nutrition principles, and delegate the nutritional care of their patients to paramedical personnel. Only by changing this situation can members of the medical profession offer adequate care to their patients. In this chapter, I have attempted to present the duties and responsibilities of a clinical nutritionist in an academic environment. A well-trained academician in such a position can improve the education of medical students in nutrition, attract well-motivated graduates into nutrition training programs, and establish clinical nutrition as a bona fide subspecialty of medicine.
Individual and evolutionary variation of primate ribosomal DNA transcription initiation regions.
Authors: G N Wilson, M Knoller, L L Szura, R D Schmickel
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1984)

A 16-kilobase region surrounding the transcription initiation site for ribosomal DNA and including the entire ribosomal DNA transcription unit has been characterized in man and compared in higher primates. Restriction analysis of ribosomal DNA from the pygmy chimpanzee (Pan paniscus), the common chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), the gorilla (Gorilla gorilla), the orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus), the gibbon (Hylobates lar), and the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) allows a primate phylogeny to be constructed based on ribosomal DNA structure. Individual variation and methylation are demonstrated in the ribosomal DNA repeats of all primates examined. Restriction analysis with HincII endonuclease suggests cleavage at sites containing methylated CpG and adds the SalI/HincII pair to those enzymes useful for studying DNA modification.
Fostering Social Cognition through an Imitation- and Synchronization-Based Dance/Movement Intervention in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Controlled Proof-of-Concept Study
Authors: Svenja Koehne, Andrea Behrends, Merle T. Fairhurst, Isabel Dziobek
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2015)

Since social cognition is impaired in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), this study aimed at establishing the efficacy of a newly developed imitation- and synchronization-based dance/movement intervention (SI-DMI) in fostering emotion inference and empathic feelings (emotional reaction to feelings of others) in adults with high-functioning ASD.Fifty-five adults with ASD (IQ ≥85) who were blinded to the aim of the study were assigned to receive either 10 weeks of a dance/movement intervention focusing on interpersonal movement imitation and synchronization (SI-DMI, n = 27) or a control movement intervention (CMI, n = 24) focusing on individual motor coordination (2 participants from each group declined before baseline testing). The primary outcome measure was the objective Multifaceted Empathy Test targeting emotion inference and empathic feelings. Secondary outcomes were scores on the self-rated Interpersonal Reactivity Index. The well-established automatic imitation task and synchronization finger-tapping task were used to quantify effects on imitation and synchronization functions, complemented by the more naturalistic Assessment of Spontaneous Interaction in Movement.Intention-to-treat analyses revealed that from baseline to 3 months, patients treated with SI-DMI showed a significantly larger improvement in emotion inference (d = 0.58), but not empathic feelings, than those treated with CMI (d = -0.04). On the close generalization level, SI-DMI increased synchronization skills and imitation tendencies, as well as whole-body imitation/synchronization and movement reciprocity/dialogue, compared to CMI.SI-DMI can be successful in promoting emotion inference in adults with ASD and warrants further investigation.
Malaria Sporozoites Traverse Host Cells within Transient Vacuoles
Authors: Veronica Risco-Castillo, Selma Topçu, Carine Marinach, Giulia Manzoni, Amélie E. Bigorgne, Sylvie Briquet, Xavier Baudin, Maryse Lebrun, Jean-François Dubremetz, Olivier Silvie
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2015)
The Protein Kinase C Family for Neuronal Signaling
Authors: C Tanaka, Y Nishizuka
Journal: Annual Review of Neuroscience (1994)

The brain's default mode network consists of discrete, bilateral and symmetrical cortical areas, in the medial and lateral parietal, medial prefrontal, and medial and lateral temporal cortices of the human, nonhuman primate, cat, and rodent brains. Its ...Read More
Immune modulation of pathologic complete response after neoadjuvant HER2-directed therapies in the NeoSphere trial
Authors: G. Bianchini, L. Pusztai, T. Pienkowski, Y.-H. Im, G.V. Bianchi, L.-M. Tseng, M.-C. Liu, A. Lluch, E. Galeota, D. Magazzù, J. de la Haba-Rodríguez, D.-Y. Oh, B. Poirier, J.L. Pedrini, V. Semiglazov, P. Valagussa, L. Gianni
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Designing a better appraisal system that meets the needs of trainees and the public
Authors: M. P. Turner
Journal: BMJ (2015)

I wholeheartedly agree with McCartney’s observations about appraisal.1 It is time consuming and I know of no evidence that it improves outcomes. 

Other GPs have similar concerns. A 2008 survey of GPs found that 11 of 671 responders brought forward retirement plans because of the introduction of appraisal.2 …
Analysis of Morbidity and Mortality Outcomes in Postoperative<i>Clostridium difficile</i>Infection in the Veterans Health Administration
Authors: Xinli Li, Mark Wilson, William Nylander, Tracy Smith, Marilyn Lynn, William Gunnar
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2015)

This study analyzes and reports Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) rates, risk factors, and associations with postoperative outcomes in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA).To report 30-day postoperative CDI rates and outcomes and identify associated risks by surgical procedures and preoperative patient demographics in a large integrated health care system.In a retrospective observational study conducted from September 2014 to April 2015, the Veterans Affairs Surgical Quality Improvement Program database and the Decision Support System pharmacy database were linked to analyze the association of postoperative CDI with patients' demographics, preoperative comorbidities, operative characteristics, and preoperative medications. The Veterans Affairs Surgical Quality Improvement Program assessments from October 1, 2009, to September 30, 2013, were investigated. The study was conducted at 134 VHA surgery programs, and the study population represents 12 surgical specialties: general, gynecological, neurosurgical, oral, orthopedics, otolaryngologic, plastic, podiatric, thoracic, transplant, urologic, and peripheral vascular.Thirty-day postoperative CDI rates, risk factors of CDI, and association of CDI with postoperative morbidity and mortality.Among 468,386 surgical procedures, the postoperative CDI rate was 0.4% per year and varied by the VHA Surgery Program (0.0% to 1.4%) and surgical specialty (0.0% to 2.4%). Thirty-day CDI rates were higher in emergency procedures, procedures with greater complexity and higher relative value units, and those with a contaminated/infected wound classification. Patients with postoperative CDI were significantly older, more frequently hospitalized after surgery (59.9% vs 15.4%), had longer preoperative hospital stays (9.1 days vs 1.9 days), and had received 3 or more classes of antibiotics (1.5% vs 0.3% for a single antibiotic class) (all P < .001). Patients with CDI had higher rates of other postoperative morbidity (86.0% vs 7.1%), 30-day mortality (5.3% vs 1.0%), and longer postoperative hospital stays (17.9 days vs 3.6 days). Independent risk factors for CDI included commonly identified patient factors (albumin, functional class, and weight loss), procedural characteristics (complexity, relative value units, emergency, and wound classification), surgical program complexity, the number of preoperative antibiotic classes, and length of preoperative hospital stay.The number and class of antibiotics administered after surgery, preoperative length of stay, procedural characteristics, surgical program complexity, and patient comorbidities are associated with postoperative CDI in the VHA.
2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure: Executive Summary
Authors: Clyde W. Yancy, Mariell Jessup, Biykem Bozkurt, Javed Butler, Donald E. Casey, Mark H. Drazner, Gregg C. Fonarow, Stephen A. Geraci, Tamara Horwich, James L. Januzzi, Maryl R. Johnson, Edward K. Kasper, Wayne C. Levy, Frederick A. Masoudi, Patrick E. McBride, John J.V. McMurray, Judith E. Mitchell, Pamela N. Peterson, Barbara Riegel, Flora Sam, Lynne W. Stevenson, W.H. Wilson Tang, Emily J. Tsai, Bruce L. Wilkoff
Journal: Circulation (2013)
Fludarabine and hemolytic anemia in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
Authors: T J Hamblin, J A Orchard, H Myint, D G Oscier
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1998.16.9.3209 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 9738600 Fludarabine and hemolytic anemia in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. T J HamblinxT J HamblinSearch for articles by this author , J A OrchardxJ A OrchardSearch for articles by this author , H MyintxH MyintSearch for articles by this author , D G OscierxD G OscierSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1998.16.9.3209 PDF "Fludarabine and hemolytic anemia in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 16(9), pp. 3209–3210© 1998 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Mentally ill man should not be forced to have foot amputation, judge rules
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2015)

A High Court judge has ruled that a mentally ill man with diabetes and a putrefying foot should not be forced to undergo an amputation even though, without it, he may die within days.

“Mr B,” 73, who has schizoaffective disorder, lacks capacity to decide for himself, and Wye Valley NHS Trust asked the court to declare that it would be in his best interests to have the operation, which he adamantly opposes.

But Mr …
Mobile Health Devices as Tools for Worldwide Cardiovascular Risk Reduction and Disease Management
Authors: John D. Piette, Justin List, Gurpreet K. Rana, Whitney Townsend, Dana Striplin, Michele Heisler
Journal: Circulation (2015)

We examined evidence on whether mobile health (mHealth) tools, including interactive voice response calls, short message service, or text messaging, and smartphones, can improve lifestyle behaviors and management related to cardiovascular diseases throughout the world. We conducted a state-of-the-art review and literature synthesis of peer-reviewed and gray literature published since 2004. The review prioritized randomized trials and studies focused on cardiovascular diseases and risk factors, but included other reports when they represented the best available evidence. The search emphasized reports on the potential benefits of mHealth interventions implemented in low- and middle-income countries. Interactive voice response and short message service interventions can improve cardiovascular preventive care in developed countries by addressing risk factors including weight, smoking, and physical activity. Interactive voice response and short message service-based interventions for cardiovascular disease management also have shown benefits with respect to hypertension management, hospital readmissions, and diabetic glycemic control. Multimodal interventions including Web-based communication with clinicians and mHealth-enabled clinical monitoring with feedback also have shown benefits. The evidence regarding the potential benefits of interventions using smartphones and social media is still developing. Studies of mHealth interventions have been conducted in >30 low- and middle-income countries, and evidence to date suggests that programs are feasible and may improve medication adherence and disease outcomes. Emerging evidence suggests that mHealth interventions may improve cardiovascular-related lifestyle behaviors and disease management. Next-generation mHealth programs developed worldwide should be based on evidence-based behavioral theories and incorporate advances in artificial intelligence for adapting systems automatically to patients' unique and changing needs.
Percutaneous Dissolution of Renal Calculi
Authors: S P Dretler, R C Pfister
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1983)

The use of percutaneous nephrostomy catheters has allowed access to intrarenal urinary calculi for dissolution. Renacidin is the successful agent for dissolving struvite stones. THAM-E is the most effective agent for the intrarenal dissolution of cystine stone. Calcium oxalate stones are still resistant to dissolution techniques.