tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Elevated soluble <scp>IL</scp>‐2<scp>R</scp>α, <scp>IL</scp>‐8, and <scp>MIP</scp>‐1β levels are associated with inferior outcome and are independent of <scp>MIPI</scp> score in patients with mantle cell lymphoma
Authors: Mohamad B. Sonbol, Matthew J. Maurer, Mary J. Stenson, Cristine Allmer, Betsy R. LaPlant, George J. Weiner, William R. Macon, James R. Cerhan, Thomas E. Witzig, Mamta Gupta
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2014)

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a unique type of lymphoma with a prognosis intermediate between indolent and aggressive types. The purpose of this study was to study blood cytokine levels in newly diagnosed and relapsed MCL patients with respect to patterns of abnormalities and relationship to the MCL International Prognostic Index (MIPI) score. We analyzed blood levels of 30 cytokines using a multiplex ELISA in 88 patients with newly diagnosed MCL (pre-treatment levels) and 20 with relapsed MCL and compared them with controls without known lymphoma. Elevated cytokine levels were compared with clinical outcome and the MIPI score. In the 88 newly diagnosed MCL patients, we found significantly elevated levels compared with controls of IL-12, IP-10, sIL-2Rα, MIG, IL-1RA, IL-8, MIP-1α, and MIP-1β (all P < 0.05). Of these elevated cytokines, sIL-2Rα, IL-8, MIG, MIP-1α, and MIP-1β were predictive of inferior event-free survival, and sIL-2Rα (HR = 1.94; P = 0.038), IL-8 (HR = 2.17; P = 0.015), and MIP-1β (HR = 2.10; P = 0.016) were independent of MIPI score; only sIL-2Rα (HR = 2.35; P = 0.041) was associated with overall survival after adjustment for MIPI. In the relapsed MCL patient group, the only significantly elevated plasma cytokines that predicted EFS were sIL-2Rα (HR = 2.90; P = 0.04) and IL-8 (HR = 3.75; P = 0.02). Elevated blood levels of sIL-2Rα and the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-8 and MIP-1β are poor prognostic factors in MCL patients and independent of MIPI score. These factors, if validated, will provide important additions to the MIPI and guide the development of new therapies for patients with elevated levels of these cytokines.
TUBERCLE BACILLI IN THE BLOOD FROM CASES OF TUBERCULIDS AND LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS
Authors: F. Parkes Weber
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1932)

Journal Article TUBERCLE BACILLI IN THE BLOOD FROM CASES OF TUBERCULIDS AND LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS Get access F. Parkes Weber F. Parkes Weber Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 44, Issue 2, 1 February 1932, Page 116, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1932.tb09577.x Published: 01 February 1932
Hypothalamic Control of the Distribution of Cardiac Output in the Unanesthetized Rhesus Monkey
Authors: RALPH P. FORSYTH
Journal: Circulation Research (1970)

Regional organ blood flow and resistance changes evoked after 10 minutes of electrical stimulation of pressor areas in the anterior hypothalamus were studied in six unanesthetized, restrained rhesus monkeys. Five other monkeys served as controls. The regional changes produced by stimulus intensities which did not affect systemic arterial pressure, central venous pressure, cardiac output, or pulse rate were similar to those produced by the stimulations at higher levels which significantly increased the levels of these variables. With both low and high levels of stimulation the fractions of cardiac output to skeletal muscle and chest wall were increased 51 and 146% at the expense of the output to the kidneys, skin, stomach, spleen, pancreas, mesentery, and thyroid which decreased 38 to 79%. In each of two monkeys tested, the marked rise in blood flow and vasodilatation of skeletal muscle was only slightly affected by atropine. Therefore, there is at least some hypothalamic control over skeletal muscular vasodilatation in the unanesthetized monkey that is not cholinergically mediated.
Pancreatic vascular regulation in chronic pancreatitis in cats.
Authors: A L Widdison, N D Karanjia, H A Reber
Journal: Gut (1995)

In experimental obstructive chronic pancreatitis the normal hyperaemic response to secretory stimulation is lost, suggesting abnormal vascular regulation. Vascular regulatory mechanisms were investigated by observing the effect of increments in portal pressure on pancreatic blood flow in normal cats and cats with chronic pancreatitis. Normal cats maintained pancreatic blood flow until portal pressure was > 15 mm Hg, after which it decreased. Total vascular resistance decreased until the portal pressure was 15 mm Hg and increased thereafter. These observations suggested that metabolic regulatory mechanisms prevailed while portal pressure was in the physiological range but myogenic mechanisms became dominant during portal hypertension. In chronic pancreatitis the basal pancreatic blood flow was reduced and was inversely proportional to portal pressure. Total vascular resistance increased as portal pressure increased. In chronic pancreatitis myogenic regulatory responses prevailed at all levels of portal pressure. In conclusion, intrinsic regulation of pancreatic blood flow was abnormal in cats with chronic pancreatitis. The loss of the predominance of metabolic regulation over the normal range of portal pressure may partly explain the reduction of pancreatic blood flow in response to secretory stimulation.
The inhaled corticosteroids questionnaire shortened version (ICQ-S): A brief patient-rated scale for monitoring inhaled corticosteroid side effects in clinical practice
Authors: Juliet Foster, Siebrig Schokker, Robbert Sanderman, Dirkje Postma, Thys van der Molen
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction : A shortened 15-item version (ICQ-S) of the validated 57-item Inhaled Corticosteroids (ICS) side effects Questionnaire (ICQ) was developed to enable monitoring/management of side effects in busy clinics.  Aim : To determine the reliability, criterion validity and patient acceptability of the ICQ-S.  Methods : At days 0 and 14, adults with doctor-diagnosed asthma and prescribed an ICS inhaler, completed the ICQ, ICQ-S, 6-item ACQ and AQLQ(s). The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between day 0 and 14 ICQ-S assessed test-re-test reliability. Cronbach9s alpha (α) coefficient and item-total correlations tested the internal consistency of ICQ-S. Associations (Spearmans rho) between the ICQ and ICQ-S total score and relative associations of the ICQ and ICQ-S with the AQLQ(s) assessed criterion validity. Patients reported duration and perceived difficulty (1=very difficult, 5=very easy) of ICQ-S completion.  Results : 62 patients (female 63%, mean age 54 (SD 13) yrs., mean ACQ 0.79 (SD 0.83), median ICS dose 1000µg (IQR 500,1000)) were eligible. The ICC between day 0 and 14 ICQ-S scores was 0.90, α coefficient was 0.90 and all item-total correlations were rho≥0.20. ICQ and ICQ-S were strongly associated (rho=0.86) and similarly associated with the AQLQ(s) (ICQ rho= -0.58, (ICQ-S rho= -0.62). 81% patients completed the ICQ-S within 5 minutes and 97% reported that it was not difficult to fill in.  Conclusion : The ICQ-S is a patient-friendly tool which retains the reliability and validity of the original ICQ scale but is brief enough for monitoring/managing inhaled steroid side effects in clinical practice.
Severity of obstructive airways disease by age 2 years predicts asthma at 10 years of age
Authors: C S Devulapalli, K C L Carlsen, G Haland, M C Munthe-Kaas, M Pettersen, P Mowinckel, K-H Carlsen
Journal: Thorax (2007)

<h3>Background:</h3> Predicting school-age asthma from obstructive airways disease (OAD) in early life is difficult, even when parental and children's atopic manifestations are taken into consideration. <h3>Objective:</h3> To assess if the severity of OAD in the first 2 years of life predicts asthma at 10 years of age. <h3>Methods:</h3> From a nested case control study within the Environment and Childhood Asthma study, 233 2-year-old subjects with recurrent (⩾2 episodes) bronchial obstruction (rBO+) and 216 subjects without bronchial obstruction (rBO−) underwent clinical examination, parental interview, treadmill test and metacholine bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) measurement at 10 years. A severity score at 2 years was calculated by frequency, persistence of bronchial obstruction and hospital admissions because of OAD. <h3>Main outcomes:</h3> Current asthma at 10 years (asthma with symptoms and/or asthma medication during the past year and/or positive treadmill test). Secondary outcome was metacholine BHR at 10 years. <h3>Results:</h3> Compared with rBO− subjects, adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) of current asthma among rBO+ was 7.9 (4.1, 15.3), and among rBO+ with a severity score of &gt;5, 20.2 (9.9, 41.3). In receiver operated characteristic analysis, positive and negative predictive values demonstrated the applicability and value of the score, with an optimal cut-off at severity score 5. Children with severity score &gt;5 had severe BHR more often (PD<sub>20</sub> metacholine &lt;1 μmol) than children with a lower or 0 score (p = 0.0041). <h3>Conclusion:</h3> Using a simple scoring system, a high severity score of OAD by 2 years of age is a strong risk factor for, and may predict, current asthma at 10 years of age.
Clonal V alpha 12.1+ T cell expansions in the peripheral blood of rheumatoid arthritis patients.
Authors: H DerSimonian, M Sugita, D N Glass, A L Maier, M E Weinblatt, T Rème, M B Brenner
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1993)

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) represents a heterogenous disease characterized by chronic polyarthritis. Most patients with adult RA inherit HLA-DR4 or -DR1 major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes. While the molecular basis for this genetic predisposition is unknown, the major function of these MHC-encoded molecules is to present peptides to T lymphocytes. It is hypothesized that an endogenous or environmental antigen initiates a MHC-restricted immune response mediated by T lymphocytes, which is followed by a chronic inflammatory reaction involving many cell types. In chronic RA, previous or ongoing antigenic activation might result in detectable skewing of the peripheral alpha/beta T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire. Here we demonstrate a marked expansion of V alpha 12.1-bearing CD8+ T cells in the peripheral blood (mean, 22%; range, 10-43%) of &amp;gt; 15% of RA patients. A major proportion of these patients shared HLA-DQ2 in addition to the expected high frequency DR1 and DR4 alleles. Detailed molecular analysis in three of the RA patients with elevated V alpha 12.1+ T cells identified repeated TCR alpha chain sequences consistent with clonal V alpha 12.1+,CD8+ T cell expansion. In addition to shared TCR V alpha 12.1 germline gene usage among unrelated subjects, a conserved J alpha motif was also detected. Together, these results suggest an antigen-driven mechanism of T cell expansion in these patients and may offer a new approach in examining specific antigen that stimulate T cells in RA.
How Accurate Is Clinician Reporting of Chemotherapy Adverse Effects? A Comparison With Patient-Reported Symptoms From the Quality-of-Life Questionnaire C30
Authors: Erik K. Fromme, Kristine M. Eilers, Motomi Mori, Yi-Ching Hsieh, Tomasz M. Beer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

Purpose Adverse events in chemotherapy clinical trials are assessed and reported by clinicians, yet clinician accuracy in assessing symptoms has been questioned. We compared patient reporting of eight symptoms using a validated instrument, the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality-of-Life Questionnaire C30 (QLQ-C30 or QLQ) with physicians' reporting of the same symptoms in the study's adverse events log. Patients and Methods Thirty-seven men with metastatic, androgen-independent prostate cancer enrolled onto a phase II trial of weekly calcitriol and docetaxel completed the QLQ every 4 weeks for up to 28 weeks. A patient-reported symptom was defined as an increase in a QLQ symptom score by at least 10 points (0 to 100 scale), sustained for at least 4 weeks. A physician-reported symptom was considered present if it was ever documented in the adverse event log. Results Forty-nine (new or worsened) symptoms were detected by both physician and QLQ, 48 symptoms were detected by the physician alone, and 55 symptoms were detected by the QLQ alone. They agreed on the absence of a symptom in 102 instances of 254 possible opportunities. Their uncorrected agreement was 59.4%, but Cohen's κ, a coefficient of agreement that corrects for chance, was 0.15, indicating only slight agreement. Using the QLQ as the standard, overall physician sensitivity and specificity was 47% and 68%, respectively, although it varied considerably among symptoms. Conclusion Even in a tightly controlled clinical trial, physician reporting was neither sensitive nor specific in detecting common chemotherapy adverse effects. Tools for collecting patient-reported adverse event data in chemotherapy clinical trials should be developed.
Telomere Maintenance Mechanisms in Liposarcomas: Association with Histologic Subtypes and Disease Progression
Authors: Aurora Costa, Maria Grazia Daidone, Laura Daprai, Raffaella Villa, Sabrina Cantù, Silvana Pilotti, Luigi Mariani, Alessandro Gronchi, Jeremy D. Henson, Roger R. Reddel, Nadia Zaffaroni
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Human cancer cells maintain telomeres by telomerase activity (TA) or by alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT). We proposed to define the prevalence of the two telomere maintenance mechanisms (TMM), to assess their association with histology, and to compare their prognostic relevance in a series of 93 patients with liposarcoma. ALT was detected by assaying ALT-associated promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies and TA was assayed using the telomeric repeat amplification protocol. ALT or TA was found in 25.9% or 26.6% of 139 tested liposarcoma lesions, respectively. Three lesions were ALT+/TA+ whereas ∼50% of lesions did not show any known TMM. TMM phenotype was consistent during disease progression. ALT was prevalent in dedifferentiated and in grade 3 liposarcomas whereas TA prevailed in most round-cell myxoid and in grade 2 liposarcomas. ALT and TA incidence was similar in primary and recurrent lesions whereas metastases were more frequently TA+ than ALT+ (59% versus 18%; P = 0.04). TMM presence negatively affected patient prognosis (P = 0.001): increased mortality was associated with positivity for TA (P = 0.038) or ALT (P &amp;lt; 0.0001) compared with TMM absence. ALT proved to be a stronger prognostic discriminant of increased mortality than TA even when adjusted for tumor location, grade, and histology (hazard ratio for cause-specific death, 3.58 versus 1.15). Our results indicate that ALT can support fully malignant liposarcomas and is associated with unfavorable disease outcome. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(17): 8918-24)
Fatal consequences of nasogastric intubation: a clinical reminder
Authors: DJB Marks, A Cox, A Prodromou, R Gadelrab, F Pakzad, RA Harrison
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2009)

A 69-year{old woman presented to A&E with atwo{day history of malaise, lower back pain andvomiting. Her abdomen was soft and non{distended, with mild tenderness in the epigas-triumandnormalbowelsounds.Herpastmedicalhistory included previous open cholecystectomyfor acute cholecystitis, and a subsequentlaparotomy for severe adhesional bowel obstruc-tion with creation of a permanent ileostomy. Fol-lowing this procedure she developed a massiveincisional hernia. She was not known to haveoesophagitis or peptic ulcer disease, and was notreceiving any form of gastric acid suppression.She was initially managed conservatively withomeprazole while awaiting upper gastrointestinalendoscopy. Two days into the admission thepatientbecamemoreunwell,withderangementofher renal function. There was clinical evidence ofperitonitis and CT scan revealed extensive intra-peritoneal free fluid and air consistent with intes-tinal perforation. A laparotomy was performed atwhich a large perforated anterior duodenal ulcerwasdiscoveredandoversewn.Theprocedurewascomplicated by both the incisional hernia andextensive adhesions. During adhesionolysis, anenterotomy occurred necessitating limited resec-tion and end{to{end anastomosis. Her initialpostoperative recovery was satisfactory but14 days after the surgery she deteriorated sud-denly. A further laparotomy was performed atwhichgrossfaecalcontaminationoftheperitonealcavity was evident and a small bowel perforationidentified, which was resected.Her subsequent recovery followed a verystormy course. The patient became very de-pressed,andconsequentlyheroralintakedroppedand she required nutritional support. It was feltthat feeding via the enteral route would be prefer-able, and that the risks of bloodstream infectionandseveresepsisinamalnourishedpatientwithaheavily contaminated open wound outweighedthe benefits of parenteral nutrition. Nasogastricfeeding was therefore instituted using a fine{borefeeding tube. Once this was established her physi-cal condition slowly improved, as evidenced byslow but progressive wound healing. She re-mainedonprotonpumpinhibitorsthroughoutherhospitaladmission.Herdepression,however,tooklonger to resolve and nasogastric feeding wascontinued for approximately three months.When oral nutrition was finally recommenced,the patient complained of dysphagia and was ableto tolerate only small and infrequent boluses ofsolidfood.Threedayslater,melaenawasobservedfrom the ileostomy, and her haemoglobin fell from12.1 g/dL to 8.2 g/dL, associated with haemody-namicinstability.Anemergencyoesophagoduode-noscopy was performed. This revealed thenasogastric tube in situ (Figure 1a) with an associ-ated 6 cm inflammatory oesophageal stricture(Figure 1b), which was balloon dilated. In theanterior mid{corpus of the stomach, there wasfocal gastritis with ulceration (Figure 1c), whichwas injected with adrenaline. Both abnormalities
Fiolan International Randomized Survival Trial (FIRST): Final results
Authors: Robert M. Califf, Kirkwood F. Adams, Paul W. Armstrong, Harald Darius, Mihai Gheorghiade, Eileen Handberg, Frank E. Harrell, William J. McKenna, Steven E. McNutty, Kevin Schulman, Jorge Soler-Soler, Karl Swedberg, Barry Uretsky, William S. Wheeler, Faiez Zannad
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Necrotizing Fasciitis Caused by Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>in Los Angeles
Authors: Loren G. Miller, Francoise Perdreau-Remington, Gunter Rieg, Sheherbano Mehdi, Josh Perlroth, Arnold S. Bayer, Angela W. Tang, Tieu O. Phung, Brad Spellberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

Necrotizing fasciitis is a life-threatening infection requiring urgent surgical and medical therapy. Staphylococcus aureus has been a very uncommon cause of necrotizing fasciitis, but we have recently noted an alarming number of these infections caused by community-associated methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA).
Cloned cell lines with natural killer activity. Specificity, function, and cell surface markers.
Authors: G Dennert, G Yogeeswaran, S Yamagata
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1981)

Cell lines with natural killer (NK) activity grown from native spleen cells cultured in medium conditioned by spleen cells proliferating in the presence of concanavalin A (Con A) were characterized. One NK cell line was cloned and assayed on several human and mouse NK-sensitive targets to analyze whether target specificities segregate upon cloning. Results showed that NK clones display target specificities identical to NK cells in normal spleen. This suggests that NK cells have no clonally distributed specific receptors to a given target. They may, however, have receptors which recognize identical antigens on all NK-sensitive targets or may possess multiple receptors for different target specificities. NK lines could not be demonstrated to possess activity in antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, nor did they effect mutual lysis. In the presence of Con A, NK cells exhibited dramatically enhanced lysis of NK-sensitive targets but only a slight increase in lysis of NK-insensitive targets. This indicates that the degree of lysis of an NK target is a function of two variables: effector binding to the target and target sensitivity to lysis. Furthermore, it suggests that the affinity of the putative antigen receptors on NK effectors must be rather weak. Cell surface marker analysis reveals that NK cell lines are Thy 1.2+, Lt-1-2-, T200+, asialo GM1+, and asialo GM2+. These markers distinguish NK cells from cytolytic thymus-derived lymphocytes, without resolving the question of classification within a give hematopoietic cell lineage.
Lck Domains Differentially Contribute to Pre–T Cell Receptor (Tcr)–And TCR-α/β–Regulated Developmental Transitions
Authors: Kui Lin, Nancy S. Longo, Xin Wang, Judy A. Hewitt, Kristin M. Abraham
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2000)

Maturational changes at the CD4−CD8− double negative (DN) to CD4+CD8+ double positive (DP) transition are dependent on signals generated via the pre–T cell receptor (TCR) and the nonreceptor protein tyrosine kinase p56lck (Lck). How Lck activities are stimulated or relayed after pre-TCR formation remains obscure. Our structure–function mapping of Lck thymopoietic properties reveals that the noncatalytic domains of Lck are specialized to signal efficient cellular expansion at DN to DP transition. Moreover, although substitution of the Lck catalytic domain with FynT sequences minimally impacts DP development, single positive thymocytes are most efficiently produced in the presence of kinases containing both the NH2-terminal and catalytic regions of Lck. These findings demonstrate that the Lck structure is uniquely adapted to mediate signals at both major transitions in thymopoiesis.
In vivo cellular tropism of human T cell leukemia virus type II (HTLV-II).
Authors: S Ijichi, M B Ramundo, H Takahashi, W W Hall
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1992)

To investigate the in vivo cellular tropism of human T cell leukemia virus type II (HTLV-II), subpopulations of fresh peripheral blood mononuclear cells from infected individuals were isolated and analyzed by polymerase chain reaction for the presence of provirus. In eight of nine patients, HTLV-II was detected exclusively in the CD8+ T lymphocyte population. In the remaining patient, provirus was also detected in CD4+ T lymphocytes. Provirus was not detected in B lymphocytes or monocytes of any patient. These results suggest that in vivo HTLV-II has a preferential, and perhaps in some cases, an exclusive tropism for CD8+ T lymphocytes. The findings contrast sharply with those on HTLV-I where there is a preferential tropism for CD4+ T lymphocytes. Although HTLV-II infection has not been consistently associated with any lymphoproliferative disorders, the results suggest that if these occur, they may be different from those known to be associated with HTLV-I.