tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The 6-item CAPRA-S score predicted cancer recurrence after radical prostatectomy
Authors: Philipp Dahm
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

Source Citation Punnen S, Freedland SJ, Presti JC Jr, et al. Multi-institutional validation of the CAPRA-S score to predict disease recurrence and mortality after radical prostatectomy. Eur Urol. 2013;S0302-2838:00352-7. 23587869
Interventional management versus standard treatment for inoperable malignant central airway obstruction
Authors: Gregoris Stratakos, Vicky Gerovasili, Charis Dimitropoulos, Dimitris Chiotis, Giannis Giozos, Filippos Filippidis, Philippos Emmanouil, Sofianna Gennimata, Andrianni Charpidou, Manos Alchanatis, Spyros Zakynthinos
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Although endoscopic management of malignant central airway obstruction (mCAO) is well established, not enough survival and quality of life (QoL) data exist comparing it with sole chemo-radiotherapy.  We prospectively studied patients referred to our unit for mCAO using the EORTC QoL questionnaire, at one day before, 1 week after and every following month.  40 patients (31 males) aged 66.2±12.3 (mean ± st.dev) with either non-small cell lung cancer (n:35) or metastatic malignancies, were included.  31 patients (intervention group) underwent extensive interventional bronchoscopic management as indicated, whereas 9 declined endoscopic treatment (control group). Patients of the two groups did not statistically differ in age, comorbidities, type of malignancy and level of obstruction. Overall follow up time was 6±6.2 (range 1-26) months. 13 patients are still alive followed for 6.6±7.6 months (range 1-26).  QoL and dyspnea significantly improved in all patients of the intervention group up to 1 month after the procedure (p  Interventional bronchoscopy, may achieve prolonged survival, significant and sustained QoL and dyspnea improvement, in patients with airway obstructing malignancies.
Circulating tumor cells are associated with poor overall survival in patients with cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Ju Dong Yang, Michael B. Campion, Minetta C. Liu, Roongruedee Chaiteerakij, Nasra H. Giama, Hager Ahmed Mohammed, Xiaodan Zhang, Chunling Hu, Victoria L. Campion, Jin Jen, Sudhakar K. Venkatesh, Kevin C. Halling, Benjamin R. Kipp, Lewis R. Roberts
Journal: Hepatology (2015)

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in blood are associated with poor survival of patients with breast, prostate, or colon cancer. We hypothesized that CTCs are associated with poor survival of patients with cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Eighty‐eight patients with CCA were prospectively enrolled at Mayo Clinic Rochester between June 2010 and September 2014. The CellSearch system by Veridex was used for detection of CTCs in peripheral blood. Associations between CTC, patient and tumor characteristics, and survival were examined using the Cox's proportional hazards model. Fifteen patients (17%) were positive for CTC ≥2 and 8 patients (9%) for CTC ≥5. CTCs were associated with tumor extent. CTC ≥2 (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.5; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1‐5.4; P = 0.02) and CTC ≥5 (HR, 4.1; 95% CI: 1.4‐10.8; P = 0.01) were both independent predictors of survival. In subgroup analyses, CTC ≥2 (HR, 8.2; 95% CI: 1.8‐57.5; P &lt; 0.01) and CTC ≥5 (HR, 7.7; 95% CI: 1.4‐42.9; P = 0.02) were both associated with shorter survival among patients with metastasis. There was a trend toward association of CTC ≥5 with shorter survival in patients with nonmetastatic CCA (HR, 4.3; 95% CI: 1.0‐13.8; P = 0.06). CTC ≥2 (HR, 10.5; 95% CI: 2.2‐40.1; P &lt; 0.01) and CTC ≥5 (HR, 10.2; 95% CI: 1.5‐42.3; P = 0.02) were both associated with shorter survival among patients with perihilar/distal CCA. CTC ≥5 was associated with shorter survival of patients with intrahepatic CCA (HR, 4.2; 95% CI: 1.1‐14.1; P = 0.04). Conclusion : CTCs were associated with more‐aggressive tumor characteristics and independently associated with survival in patients with CCA. Assessment of CTCs may be useful for identifying CCA patients at risk of early mortality. (H epatology 2016;63:148–158)
Support for Allelic Association of a Polymorphic Site in the Promoter Region of the Serotonin Transporter Gene With Risk for Alcohol Dependence
Authors: D Lichtermann, D Hranilović, M Trixler, P Franke, B Jernej, C D Delmo, M Knapp, S G Schwab, W Maier, D B Wildenauer
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2000)

OBJECTIVE: An association between the 5-HTTLPR short variant polymorphism in the promoter region of the serotonin transporter gene and risk for alcohol dependence has been reported from case-control studies that are, however, prone to chance findings related to artifacts of population structure. The authors sought additional evidence for this association from a family-based study. METHOD: Ninety-two alcohol-dependent probands and their parents were tested for nonrandom transmission of alleles from heterozygous parents to affected probands. RESULTS: Preferential transmission of the short allele was found (65 of 102 transmissions from heterozygous parents). CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest allelic association between a variant in the promoter region of the serotonin transporter gene and the risk for alcohol dependence. However, it remains to be seen whether the functional properties of this variant are directly responsible for the increased risk to alcohol dependence.
Redundant Roles for <i>Sox7</i> and <i>Sox18</i> in Arteriovenous Specification in Zebrafish
Authors: Robert Herpers, Esther van de Kamp, Henricus J. Duckers, Stefan Schulte-Merker
Journal: Circulation Research (2007)

The specification of arteries and veins is an essential process in establishing and maintaining a functional blood vessel system. Incorrect arteriovenous specification disrupts embryonic development but has also been diagnosed in human syndromes such as hypotrichosis-lymphedema-telangiectasia, characterized by defects in blood and lymphatic vessels and associated with mutations in SOX18. Here we characterize the role of sox7 and sox18 during zebrafish vasculogenesis. Sox7 and sox18 are specifically expressed in the developing vasculature, and simultaneous loss of their function results in a severe loss of the arterial identity of the presumptive aorta which instead expresses venous markers, followed by dramatic arteriovenous shunt formations. Our study identifies members of the Sox family as key factors in specifying arteriovenous identity and will help to better understand hypotrichosis-lymphedema-telangiectasia and other diseases.
Regional extravascular density and fractional blood volume of the lung in interstitial disease.
Authors: P Wollmer, C G Rhodes, J M Hughes
Journal: Thorax (1984)

Fibrinoid necrosis was induced in the pulmonary arteries of five male Wistar albino rats by feeding them on a diet adulterated by the addition of 0.07% ground Crotalaria spectabilis seeds by weight. Electron microscopy of the arteries affected by the process showed fibrin in the thrombus occluding their lumens and in the arterial intima, held up from further penetration of the media by the inner elastic lamina. Naturally occurring gaps in this lamina were found, and it is postulated that they determine the characteristic histological configuration of fibrinous vasculosis. The smooth muscle cells of the media of the pulmonary veins showed clear evaginations, devoid of myofilaments and organells, indicative of sustained constriction compatible with viability of the cells. In contrast, the smooth muscle cells of the media of the pulmonary arteries showed loss of myofilaments leading to frank necrosis. Other cells seen in the media include fibrocytes and "vasoformative reserve cells." The authors consider that the latter have considerable and varied potential. Once liberated during the process of fibrinoid necrosis in the arterial media they may play an important part in pulmonary vascular pathology as, for example, in the formation of the plexiform lesion.
Reversible sensorimotor impairment following prolonged ventilation with isoflurane and vecuronium for acute severe asthma.
Authors: H du Peloux Menage, S Duffy, D W Yates, J A Hughes
Journal: Thorax (1992)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Many of the characteristics associated with mammalian sleep are also observed in <i>Drosophila</i>, making the fruit-fly a powerful model organism for studying the genetics of this important process. Among these similarities is the presence of sexual dimorphic sleep patterns, which in flies, is manifested as increased mid-day sleep (‘siesta’) in males, compared to females. Here, we have used targeted miss-expression of the gene <i>transformer</i> (<i>tra</i>) and <i>tra2</i> to either feminise or masculinise specific neural and non-neural tissues in the fly. Feminization of males using three different GAL4 drivers which are expressed in the mushroom bodies induced a female-like reduced siesta, while the masculinisation of females using these drivers triggered the male-like increased siesta. We also observed a similar reversal of sex-specific sleep by miss-expressing <i>tra</i> in the fat body, a key tissue in energy metabolism and hormone secretion. In addition, the daily expression levels of <i>takeout</i>, an important circadian clock output gene, were sexually dimorphic. Taken together, our experiments suggest that sleep-sexual dimorphism in <i>Drosophila</i> is driven by multiple neural and non-neural circuits, within and outside the brain.
Aetiopathogenesis of functional dyspepsia
Authors: Alexander C Ford
Journal: Gut (2015)

Antibody-based therapeutic approaches have revolutionized the treatment of non-Hodgkin9s lymphomas (NHL) as well as other hematological malignancies. However, a large variability in clinical response has been observed and patients with refractory or relapsed lymphomas have limited therapeutic options. Antibody drug conjugates (ADC) may prove valuable in this respect. The B cell surface antigen, CD79b, is an attractive target for this approach as it is rapidly internalized upon antibody engagement and has an appropriate expression pattern, being expressed only on normal and malignant B-cells. Anti-CD79b-MCC-DM1 is an ADC consisting of a chimeric monoclonal anti-CD79b antibody, 10D10, conjugated via a thioether linker to a cytotoxic drug, DM1 (a potent tubulin polymerization inhibitor). To investigate the pharmacodynamics (PD), pharmacokinetics (PK), and tolerability of 10D10-MCC-DM1 in nonhuman primates, we administered 10D10-MCC-DM1 or unconjugated antibody 10D10 to cynomolgus monkeys. 10D10-MCC-DM1 and 10D10 resulted in sustained depletion of B-cells and B cell subsets in blood, with more substantial depletion in the group given 10D10-MCC-DM1. These findings correlated well with the depletion of B-cells observed in lymphoid tissues (bone marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen). Both 10D10-MCC-DM1 and 10D10 were well tolerated. Taken together, these preclinical data suggest that targeting CD79b with ADCs may provide a safe and effective therapy for B-cell malignancies in humans.
Marijuana as antiemetic medicine: a survey of oncologists' experiences and attitudes.
Authors: R E Doblin, M A Kleiman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1991)

A random-sample, anonymous survey of the members of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) was conducted in spring 1990 measuring the attitudes and experiences of American oncologists concerning the antiemetic use of marijuana in cancer chemotherapy patients. The survey was mailed to about one third (N = 2,430) of all United States-based ASCO members and yielded a response rate of 43% (1,035). More than 44% of the respondents report recommending the (illegal) use of marijuana for the control of emesis to at least one cancer chemotherapy patient. Almost one half (48%) would prescribe marijuana to some of their patients if it were legal. As a group, respondents considered smoked marijuana to be somewhat more effective than the legally available oral synthetic dronabinol ([THC] Marinol; Unimed, Somerville, NJ) and roughly as safe. Of the respondents who expressed an opinion, a majority (54%) thought marijuana should be available by prescription. These results bear on the question of whether marijuana has a "currently accepted medical use," at issue in an ongoing administrative and legal dispute concerning whether marijuana in smoked form should be available by prescription along with synthetic THC in oral form. This survey demonstrates that oncologists' experience with the medical use of marijuana is more extensive, and their opinions of it are more favorable, than the regulatory authorities appear to have believed.
The cloud of pulmonary embolism during COPD exacerbation
Authors: Laurent Bertoletti, Patrick Mismetti, Hervé Decousus
Journal: Thorax (2011)

We read with great interest the paper of Chang et al ,1 published recently in Thorax. We totally agree with the fact that ‘cardiac involvement may be an important determinant of prognosis in COPD exacerbations’. In their study, Chang et al found that patients presenting with COPD exacerbation (defined as dyspnoea, cough or …
Monitoring and supplemental oxygen during endoscopy
Authors: J E Charlton
Journal: BMJ (1995)

trauma (in which case they are considered to be "provoked").Certain cerebral lesions carry a high risk of epilepsy, and restrictions are applied even if a seizure has not occurred; such lesions include malignant brain tumours, cerebrovascular disease, severe head injury, acute intracranial haemorrhage, and acute cerebral infection.The duration of the restriction is based on research evidence ofthe risk of seizures.The epilepsy regulations apply whether or not the person is receiving antiepileptic drug treatment, and starting (or changing) such treatment does not influence a decision about licensing.These rules have the virtue of simplicity but can be unfair in a few borderline cases (for example, people whose seizures are mild or confined to a specific situation, those in whom awareness is fully maintained, and those in whom accidental changes in drug treatment occur), but legislation to cover these eventualities would be very difficult to draft or apply and the current rules are perceived generally to be both fair and sensible.It must be emphasised that patients with epilepsy are legally obliged to inform the agency about their condition.This is so regardless of clinical or domestic circumstances or extenuating factors.The obligation of doctors is to advise patients about the regulations and the legal requirements to inform the agency.To avoid misunderstandings the advice that has been given should be recorded in the medical notes.
Targeted Activation of Innate Immunity for Therapeutic Induction of Autophagy and Apoptosis in Melanoma Cells
Authors: Damià Tormo, Agnieszka Chęcińska, Direna Alonso-Curbelo, Eva Pérez-Guijarro, Estela Cañón, Erica Riveiro-Falkenbach, Tonantzin G. Calvo, Lionel Larribere, Diego Megías, Francisca Mulero, Miguel A. Piris, Rupesh Dash, Paola M. Barral, José L. Rodríguez-Peralto, Pablo Ortiz-Romero, Thomas Tüting, Paul B. Fisher, María S. Soengas
Journal: Cancer Cell (2009)
Medullary Renal Cell Carcinoma and Response to Therapy With Bortezomib
Authors: Ellen A. Ronnen, G. Varuni Kondagunta, Robert J. Motzer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

TO THE EDITOR: Metastatic non–clear cell renal carcinoma comprises several histologic subtypes, including medullary and collecting duct carcinoma. Medullary renal carcinoma is difficult to separate from collecting duct carcinoma morphologically, but has been diagnosed in patients with sickle cell disease or sickle cell trait. We previously reported a retrospective review of 64 patients with non–clear cell histology and found that patients had a median overall survival time of 9.4 months. Twenty-six (41%) of the 64 patients were identified with collecting duct or medullary pathology. These patients were treated with cytokine therapy or systemic chemotherapy. There were no responses to cytokine therapy. One of the patients with collecting duct/medullary carcinoma had a 5-month-long partial response to systemic chemotherapy. Median survival for the patients of the collecting duct subset was 11 months. Partial responses to systemic chemotherapy have been reported elsewhere, but are rare and of short duration. In the September 15, 2004, issue of the Journal of Clinical Oncology, we reported a phase II study evaluating bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor, in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma. Of 37 assessable patients, four patients achieved a partial response to therapy; three patients had clear cell histology and one patient had medullary carcinoma. We now report the updated follow-up of the medullary carcinoma patient. The patient received 7 months of bortezomib and achieved a complete response. He remains without evidence of disease after more than 27 months of follow-up. Metastatic non–clear cell renal carcinoma is a rare entity with a poor outcome. Given the small numbers, patients with non–clear cell renal carcinoma have not been well represented in clinical trials. Better molecular characterization will help to more accurately identify appropriate agents for this subset of patients. Further study of bortezomib in medullary renal carcinoma is indicated.
Nuclear Receptor Signaling and Cardiac Energetics
Authors: Janice M. Huss, Daniel P. Kelly
Journal: Circulation Research (2004)

The heart has a tremendous capacity for ATP generation, allowing it to function as an efficient pump throughout the life of the organism. The adult myocardium uses either fatty acid or glucose oxidation as its main energy source. Under normal conditions, the adult heart derives most of its energy through oxidation of fatty acids in mitochondria. However, the myocardium has a remarkable ability to switch between carbohydrate and fat fuel sources so that ATP production is maintained at a constant rate in diverse physiological and dietary conditions. This fuel selection flexibility is important for normal cardiac function. Although cardiac energy conversion capacity and metabolic flux is modulated at many levels, an important mechanism of regulation occurs at the level of gene expression. The expression of genes involved in multiple energy transduction pathways is dynamically regulated in response to developmental, physiological, and pathophysiological cues. This review is focused on gene transcription pathways involved in short- and long-term regulation of myocardial energy metabolism. Much of our knowledge about cardiac metabolic regulation comes from studies focused on mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. The genes involved in this key energy metabolic pathway are transcriptionally regulated by members of the nuclear receptor superfamily, specifically the fatty acid-activated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and the nuclear receptor coactivator, PPARγ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α). The dynamic regulation of the cardiac PPAR/PGC-1 complex in accordance with physiological and pathophysiological states will be described.
Biochemical and morphological correlates of acute experimental myocardial ischemia in the dog. IV. Energy mechanisms during very early ischemia.
Authors: J M Wood, H G Hanley, M L Entman, C J Hartley, J A Swain, U Busch, C H Chang, R M Lewis, W J Morgan, A Schwartz
Journal: Circulation Research (1979)

Tissue energy metabolism was examined in posterior (ischemic) and anterior ("control") regions of canine ventricles after 5 and 10 minutes of left circumflex coronary artery occlusion. When compared to identical regions of normal hearts, the following changes were found: (1) decreases in glycogen and phosphorylase activity in the anterior and posterior regions, (2) depressed state 3 rates of oxygen consumption of isolated mitochondria in both anterior and posterior regions, (3) shifts in optimum substrate concentrations for palmityl-CoA (+ carnitine) oxidation by mitochondria in the anterior and posterior regions, and (4) decreases in the apparent zero order and first order rates of mitochondrial palmitylcarnitine production. These changes correlated with a marked decrease in developed tension in the posterior regions. Depression in tension development in the posterior regions of the heart still was present after 30--60 minutes of reperfusion following a 10-minute period of occlusion. Glycogen content in the reperfused areas was significantly decreased after 60 minutes of reperfusion when compared to normal areas and to control hearts perfused for 70 minutes. After reperfusion, mitochondrial function appeared to return toward "normal." However, the slow restoration of contraction of the ischemic area suggests that cellular mechanisms operative in vivo to restore pump function still might be abnormal.
Official American Thoracic Society Technical Standards: Spirometry in the Occupational Setting
Authors: Carrie A. Redlich, Susan M. Tarlo, John L. Hankinson, Mary C. Townsend, William L. Eschenbacher, Susanna G. Von Essen, Torben Sigsgaard, David N. Weissman
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2014)

Section:ChooseTop of pageAbstract <<ContentsOverviewIntroductionMethodsTechnician TrainingPosture during SpirometryReference ValuesEvaluation of Spirometry ...Action Plan for Spirometr...ReferencesCITING ARTICLES
Incidence of adamantane resistance among influenza A (H3N2) viruses isolated worldwide from 1994 to 2005: a cause for concern
Authors: Rick A Bright, Marie-jo Medina, Xiyan Xu, Gilda Perez-Oronoz, Teresa R Wallis, Xiaohong M Davis, Laura Povinelli, Nancy J Cox, Alexander I Klimov
Journal: The Lancet (2005)
Intratumoral IL-12 combined with CTLA-4 blockade elicits T cell–mediated glioma rejection
Authors: Johannes vom Berg, Melissa Vrohlings, Sergio Haller, Aladin Haimovici, Paulina Kulig, Anna Sledzinska, Michael Weller, Burkhard Becher
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2013)

Glioblastomas (GBs) are the most aggressive form of primary brain cancer and virtually incurable. Accumulation of regulatory T (T reg) cells in GBs is thought to contribute to the dampening of antitumor immunity. Using a syngeneic mouse model for GB, we tested whether local delivery of cytokines could render the immunosuppressive GB microenvironment conducive to an antitumor immune response. IL-12 but not IL-23 reversed GB-induced immunosuppression and led to tumor clearance. In contrast to models of skin or lung cancer, IL-12–mediated glioma rejection was T cell dependent and elicited potent immunological memory. To translate these findings into a clinically relevant setting, we allowed for GB progression before initiating therapy. Combined intratumoral IL-12 application with systemic blockade of the co-inhibitory receptor CTLA-4 on T cells led to tumor eradication even at advanced disease stages where monotherapy with either IL-12 or CTLA-4 blockade failed. The combination of IL-12 and CTLA-4 blockade acts predominantly on CD4+ cells, causing a drastic decrease in FoxP3+ T reg cells and an increase in effector T (T eff) cells. Our data provide compelling preclinical findings warranting swift translation into clinical trials in GB and represent a promising approach to increase response rates of CTLA-4 blockade in solid tumors.