tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A6.03 Lipidomics profiling differs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and controls
Authors: A Södergren, I Surowiec, I Abreu, R Madsen, J Trygg, S Wållberg-Jonsson
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

<h3>Background and objectives</h3> Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have an increased mortality and morbidity due to cardiovascular disease (CVD). A premature atherosclerosis can be measured by ultrasound of intima media thickness (IMT). Omics studies such as metabolomics, proteomics and lipidomics have been extensively used to elucidate biological mechanisms of diseases. In this prospective 5-year follow up, we aimed to investigate the plasma lipidomics profiles in patients with RA compared to controls. We also aimed to analyse the relationship between these profiles and atherosclerosis measured by IMT. <h3>Materials and methods</h3> Patients from northern Sweden diagnosed with early RA are followed in an ongoing prospective study. From these patients a subgroup aged ≤60 years (n = 18), was consecutively included for measurements of IMT at inclusion (T0), after 18 months (T18) and after 60 months (T60). 20 age/sex matched controls were included. Blood was drawn at all time points and stored in -80°C. A methanol/chloroform based protocol was used on the plasma samples to extract lipid species, which were then analysed with LC-OrbitrapMS; compound detection and quantification was performed with Thermo Scientific SIEVE Software. <h3>Results</h3> Statistically significant and consistent changes in lipid profiles between RA patients and controls at each sampling point were observed. At T0, higher levels of lipids were seen in RA patients, whereas at time points T18 and T60 the trend was exactly opposite (Figure 1). To observe if there is any relation of lipid profiles to the IMT, we used OPLS modelling with IMT values as Y variable. For IMT at T0 we could obtain a statistically significant model only for RA samples, here an increase in plasma lipids was observed with increased &nbsp;IMT values. At T60 approximately half of the lipids were positively and half negatively correlated with IMT in RA patients. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Lipidomics profiling shows that the metabolism of lipid species differs between patients with RA and controls, both at diagnosis and during five years follow up. Moreover, our results indicate that the metabolism of lipid species changes over time, both when trend for RA patients is compared to controls and when the development of atherosclerosis is followed.
A Juxtacrine Mechanism for Neutrophil Adhesion on Platelets Involves Platelet-Activating Factor and a Selectin-Dependent Activation Process
Authors: Lena Ostrovsky, Alison J. King, Samantha Bond, Debra Mitchell, Diane E. Lorant, Guy A. Zimmerman, Robert Larsen, Xiao Fe Niu, Paul Kubes
Journal: Blood (1998)
The Uromodulin Gene Locus Shows Evidence of Pathogen Adaptation through Human Evolution
Authors: Silvia Ghirotto, Francesca Tassi, Guido Barbujani, Linda Pattini, Caroline Hayward, Peter Vollenweider, Murielle Bochud, Luca Rampoldi, Olivier Devuyst
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2016)

Common variants in the UMOD gene encoding uromodulin, associated with risk of hypertension and CKD in the general population, increase UMOD expression and urinary excretion of uromodulin, causing salt-sensitive hypertension and renal lesions. To determine the effect of selective pressure on variant frequency, we investigated the allelic frequency of the lead UMOD variant rs4293393 in 156 human populations, in eight ancient human genomes, and in primate genomes. The T allele of rs4293393, associated with CKD risk, has high frequency in most modern populations and was the one detected in primate genomes. In contrast, we identified only the derived, C allele in Denisovan and Neanderthal genomes. The distribution of the UMOD ancestral allele did not follow the ancestral susceptibility model observed for variants associated with salt-sensitive hypertension. Instead, the global frequencies of the UMOD alleles significantly correlated with pathogen diversity (bacteria, helminths) and prevalence of antibiotic-resistant urinary tract infections (UTIs). The inverse correlation found between urinary levels of uromodulin and markers of UTIs in the general population substantiates the link between UMOD variants and protection against UTIs. These data strongly suggest that the UMOD ancestral allele, driving higher urinary excretion of uromodulin, has been kept at a high frequency because of its protective effect against UTIs.
Phase II multicenter study of gene-mediated cytotoxic immunotherapy as adjuvant to surgical resection for newly diagnosed malignant glioma
Authors: Lee A. Wheeler, Andrea G. Manzanera, Susan D. Bell, Robert Cavaliere, John M. McGregor, John C. Grecula, Herbert B. Newton, Simon S. Lo, Behnam Badie, Jana Portnow, Bin S. Teh, Todd W. Trask, David S. Baskin, Pamela Z. New, Laura K. Aguilar, Estuardo Aguilar-Cordova, E. Antonio Chiocca
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)

Despite aggressive standard of care (SOC) treatment, survival of malignant gliomas remains very poor. This Phase II, prospective, matched controlled, multicenter trial was conducted to assess the safety and efficacy of aglatimagene besadenovec (AdV-tk) plus valacyclovir (gene-mediated cytotoxic immunotherapy [GMCI]) in combination with SOC for newly diagnosed malignant glioma patients. Treatment cohort patients received SOC + GMCI and were enrolled at 4 institutions from 2006 to 2010. The preplanned, matched-control cohort included all concurrent patients meeting protocol criteria and SOC at a fifth institution. AdV-tk was administered at surgery followed by SOC radiation and temozolomide. Subset analyses were preplanned, based on prognostic factors: pathological diagnosis (glioblastoma vs others) and extent of resection. Forty-eight patients completed SOC + GMCI, and 134 met control cohort criteria. Median overall survival (OS) was 17.1 months for GMCI + SOC versus 13.5 months for SOC alone (P = .0417). Survival at 1, 2, and 3 years was 67%, 35%, and 19% versus 57%, 22%, and 8%, respectively. The greatest benefit was observed in gross total resection patients: median OS of 25 versus 16.9 months (P = .0492); 1, 2, and 3-year survival of 90%, 53%, and 32% versus 64%, 28% and 6%, respectively. There were no dose-limiting toxicities; fever, fatigue, and headache were the most common GMCI-related symptoms. GMCI can be safely combined with SOC in newly diagnosed malignant gliomas. Survival outcomes were most notably improved in patients with minimal residual disease after gross total resection. These data should help guide future immunotherapy studies and strongly support further evaluation of GMCI for malignant gliomas. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00589875.
Successful endoscopic closure of a gastrocutaneous fistula using a ‘Padlock Clip’
Authors: James Brindley, Benjamin Yip, Erasmia Vlachou, Peter Wylie, Edward Despott
Journal: Endoscopy (2016)

A 27-year-old woman with severe neurological disability and portal hypertension secondary to Wilson's disease was referred for endoscopic closure of a chronic gastrocutaneous fistula following the removal of a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube 8 months previously ([Fig. 1]). The patient suffered from skin denudation caused by leakage of gastric secretions. At upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, the gastric side of the fistula was identified on the anterior wall of the stomach ([Fig. 2]).
A case of left ventricular aneurysm associated with an anomalous coronary artery.
Authors: Takafumi Hiro, Masunori Matsuzaki, Junko Hiro, Masaharu Ozaki, Hiroshi Ogawa, Yasuo Matsuda, Reizo Kusukawa
Journal: Circulation (1988)

A 54-year-old man presented with continual angina pectoris at rest, associated with an anomalous coronary artery. He also had an aneurysm at the submitral region of the left ventricular postero-lateral wall, without evidence or prior myocardial infarction, which showed hypokinetic inward motion during systole. We assume that this was a rare case of left ventricular aneurysm without prior myocardial infarction, the etiology which might related to the anomalous coronary artery.
Neglected Dimensions of Global Security
Authors: Lawrence O. Gostin, Carmen C. Mundaca-Shah, Patrick W. Kelley
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Electroconvulsive therapy for chronic pain associated with depression
Authors: M R Mandel
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1975)

Electroconvuslive therapy alleviated the symptoms of four out of six patients suffering from chronic pain and from depression as measured by the Hamiliton Depression Rating Scale. All of the patients had been unsuccessfully treated with tricyclic antidepressant medication. The author suggests that ECT may be the treatment of choice for some patients with this combination of symptoms.
Pathological significance of deletions involving codons 557 and 558 of <i>KIT</i> gene in localized resected gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) of intermediate and high risk: A study by the Spanish Group for Sarcoma Research (GEIS)
Authors: I. Romero, A. Poveda, J. Martin, A. Lopez-Pousa, C. Gomez, M. Safont, R. Andres, V. Guillem, A. Llombart-Bosch, J. Lopez-Guerrero
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

10051 Background: Approximately 60 to 85% of GISTs harbour activating mutations of the KIT or PDGFRA tyrosine kinase genes. Deletions affecting codons 557–558 of KIT are relevant to prognosis of resected GIST (Martin J, et al. J Clin Oncol. 2005, 23:6190). Methods: GIST of high or intermediate malignant risk according to Fletcher classification (Hum Pathol. 2002;33; 459) with a complete (R0) or microscopic residual (R1) resection were prospectively evaluated. Central pathology review was carried out. The mutational analysis of exons 9, 11, 13 and 17 of KIT and exons 12 and 18 of PDGFRA was undertaken from DNA extracted from paraffin-embedded tissue. The purpose of this study was to explore the correlation between deletion mutation involving 557–558 codons within KIT gene and known prognostic factors in GIST: mitotic count and size. Results: Of the 33 GIST, 19 were gastric, 13 of small bowell and one of other location. Median tumor size was 10.4 cm (1.9–22 cm), and median mitotic count was 2 (1–32). All cases showed an immunostaining with diffuse cytoplasmic pattern of c-kit (CD117). An 82% (27) presented either a KIT (23) or a PDGFRA (4) mutation. Eleven deletions affecting codons 557–558 of KIT were observed. KIT mutations were associated to spindle type histology and PDGFRA mutations to epithelioid histology. No statistical association between tumor size and KIT mutations, including patients with deletions 557–558, was found. Tumors carrying a deletion of codons 557–558 of KIT presented a different median of mitotic count (8 mit × 50 hpf) than the rest (2 mit × 50 hpf), this difference was statistically significant (p = 0,029) in the Mann-Whitney U test. Conclusions: Deletions affecting codons 557–558 of KIT define a group of cases with a high proliferative potential. The prognostic and predictive significance of these findings are waiting for a longer follow-up. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Key Interventions of Palliative Cancer Care (Ki-Pcc) - Patient Perceived Need and Remembered Delivery By Health-Care Professionals (Hcp): a Prospective, Longitudinal, Multicenter Study
Authors: N. Magaya-Kalbermatten, P. Achimas-Cadariu, R. Curca, A. Grigorescu, D. Mosiou, V. Poroch, F. Strasser
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Patients with psychogenic abdominal pain: six years' observation in the medical setting
Authors: D A Drossman
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1982)

The author presents data on 24 patients with psychogenic abdominal pain who were followed by nonpsychiatric physicians for up to 6 years. Twenty were women, many of whose symptoms related to loss. Several personality patterns were observed, including histrionic personality, depression, pain-prone personality, and hypochondriasis. No patient sought psychiatric care, although 4 patients eventually required psychiatric hospitalization. Two patients had medical disorders that contributed to the symptoms, and 1 patient died of carcinoma. Pain resolved in only 1 of the patients, but psychosocial functioning improved in half. Those with a shorter duration of pain and no abnormal personality patterns had a better prognosis.
0<sup>6</sup>-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter gene methylation in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).
Authors: C. Fumagalli, P. Possanzini, M. O. Biasi, M. Manzotti, M. Barberis, B. Bonanni, M. Barile, I. Feroce, G. Viale
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

1058 Background: BRCA1 plays a central role repairing DNA double-strand breaks via homologous recombination (HR). The large majority of breast cancers in BRCA1 germinal mutation carriers express the triple-negative phenotype, unresponsive to currently available ER-targeted and HER2-based treatments. Even in BRCA1 wild type (wt) TNBC, the clinical behaviour can be similar with aggressive course, limited treatment options and poor prognosis (“bracaness” tumors). Another important DNA damage repair enzyme, MGMT, is involved in direct cleavage of mutagenic alkyl adducts within DNA (direct DNA repair). MGMT loss of expression, almost connected to promoter methylation, is associated with tumor progression. However, MGMT epigenetic silencing confers susceptibility to DNA-damaging alkylating agents. The goals of this study were: a) to evaluate the MGMT methylation status in BRCA1-wt TNBC and BRCA1-mutated TNBC that harbor deficient double-stranded DNA break repair; b) to offer a potentially useful assay in predicting response to alkylating agents. Methods: We studied the MGMT methylation status of 58 TNBC (26 BRCA1-wt and 32 BRCA1-mutated), from formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded tumor specimens. The extracted DNA was treated with sodium-bisulfite and amplified with methylation specific PCR (MSP), with primer pairs specific for methylated and unmethylated promoter region, and evaluated by gel electrophoresis. Results: The methylation status of MGMT was significantly different among the two groups of TNBC with prevalence of unmethylated tumors in BRCA1-mutated cases (76.9%) and prevalence of methylation in TNBC-BRCA1 wt (59.4%). p value of the Χ2 test between the two populations was 0.0055 (Table). Conclusions: BRCA1-wt TNBC frequently have the direct DNA repair system silenced by MGMT methylation. This new observation needs further confirmations on a larger number of cases. This assay could offer a new tool in predicting response to alkylating drugs in TNBC. Tumors No. methylated No. unmethylated Total Χ2 test p value BRCA1-mutated 6 20 26 0.0055 BRCA1-wt 19 13 32 Total 25 33 58
Role of cigarette use in hyponatremia in schizophrenic patients
Authors: M Allon, H M Allen, L V Deck, M L Clark
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1990)

Urine volume and osmolality were studied in two schizophrenic patients with hyponatremia and six normal subjects after they smoked or ingested cigarettes. The results suggest that cigarette use may contribute to the development of hyponatremia by impairing water excretion.
Thyroid function and ultrasonically determined thyroid size in patients receiving long-term lithium treatment
Authors: H Perrild, L Hegedüs, P C Baastrup, L Kayser, S Kastberg
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1990)

Thyroid function was investigated in 100 manic-depressive patients. Goiter was more common in patients treated with lithium for 1-5 years (44%) or more than 10 years (50%) than in patients who never received lithium (16%). Smoking contributed significantly to thyroid size and goiter. In nonsmoking patients, ultrasonically determined thyroid volume was significantly related to treatment duration. The mechanism behind this increased thyroid volume is unclear, as most patients had normal serum thyrotropin levels and no thyroid autoimmunity. Subclinical or overt hypothyroidism was found in 4% and 21% of patients treated for 1-5 and more than 10 years, respectively. Since few hypothyroid patients had autoimmunity or goiter, lithium may affect the thyroid gland directly.
Abstract P281: Medication Adherence and Stroke/TIA Risk in Treated Hypertensives: Results from the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study
Authors: Doyle M Cummings, Abraham J Letter, George Howard, Virginia J Howard, Monika Safford, Valerie Prince, Paul Muntner
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Low medication adherence in treated hypertensives is an important modifiable barrier to achieving blood pressure (BP) control. The contribution of poor medication adherence to adverse cardiovascular outcomes such as stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA) relative to other cerebrovascular risk factors is less well understood. We therefore examined the relationship between medication adherence and both adequate BP control (&lt; 140/90 mmHg) and stroke/TIA incidence in treated hypertensive subjects (n = 15,071 subjects free of stroke/TIA at baseline; 51% black; 57% living in the Stroke Belt) in REGARDS, a population-based cohort study. Methods: BP was measured in the subject’s home by a trained health professional following a standardized protocol. Medication adherence was measured at baseline (4-item validated Morisky scale: 0 = perfect adherence, 4 = lowest adherence). Participants were contacted bi-annually by telephone for a median follow-up time of 5 years and self-reported stroke or TIA events were adjudicated by medical record review. We used logistic regression models to examine the association between medication adherence and BP control and Cox modeling to evaluate the effect of adherence on stroke/TIA risk, examining the mediating effects of systolic BP. Results: Perfect medication adherence (score = 0) was reported by 69% of subjects, 23% a score of 1, 5% a score of 2, and 3% a score of 3 or 4. Mean systolic BP varied from 130.8 ± 16.2 in those reporting perfect adherence (Morisky score of 0) to 137.8 ± 19.5 in those reporting low medication adherence (score of 3 or 4) (p for trend&lt; 0.0001). Compared to a Morisky score of 0, each level of worsening medication adherence was associated with significant and increasing odds of inadequately controlled BP (≥ 140/90 mmHg) in fully adjusted models: score = 1, odds ratio (95% CI) = 1.19 (1.09 – 1.30); score = 2, 1.27 (1.08–1.49); score = 3 or 4, 2.21 (1.75 – 2.78). Compared to perfect adherence, low medication adherence was not independently associated with stroke [hazard ratio = 1.04 (95% CI: 0.51 – 2.12)] or stroke and/or TIA [hazard ratio = 0.81 (95% CI: 0.38 – 1.73)] after multivariable adjustment. However, in analyses with systolic BP as the mediating variable, low medication adherence was associated with an increased risk for stroke (hazard ratio = 1.08 (95% CI: 1.04 – 1.14) and for stroke and/or TIA [hazard ratio = 1.08 (95% CI: 1.03 – 1.12)] in fully adjusted models. Conclusion: These findings add further evidence that low medication adherence is strongly associated with poor BP control; and through BP, low adherence is also associated with an increased risk of stroke or TIA.
Analysis by Immunoelectron Microscopy of Type-C Viruses Associated With Primary and Short-Term Transplanted Mouse Plasma Cell Tumors
Authors: Tadao Aoki, Michael Potter, Macie M. Sturm
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

Immunoelectron microscopy was applied to analysis of a) antigenic properties of type-C viruses and b) the appearance of differentiation antigen PC1 in primary and/or short-term transplanted mineral oil-induced myelomas of 4 mouse strains (BALB/c; 2 recombinant strains, C × BG and C × BJ; and C57BL/6). In PC+ strain BALB/c mice, primary myelomas whose cells carried PCl antigen produced many type-C viruses. These viruses were classified into 3 populations: murine myeloma-associated viruses (MuMAV) carrying a type-specific virus envelope antigen xVEA distinct from known typical murine leukemia virus (MuLV); MuLV (Gross); and other yet uncharacterized type-C viruses. In PC- strains, where normal plasma cells carried no PCl antigen, myeloma cells from some mice became PC+ and released complete type-C viruses, either xVEA+MuMAV alone or all 3 populations. However, some mice developed PC- myelomas accompanied by no viruses or only uncharacterized viruses. These results led to 2 possible conclusions: that PC1 antigen was perhaps induced by xVEA+ MuMAV; and that xVEA+MuMAV and/or the uncharacterized type-C viruses may have had an important role in the development of some myelomas. The finding of PC1 antigen on macrophages added new information on the tissue distribution of this antigen.
Differences in application process cause problems
Authors: M. Black, B. Leese, T. Gosden
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDITOR,--We wish to contribute to the debate on the role of local research ethics committees.1 2 3 4 Recently, we carried out a pilot study investigating the cost effectiveness of specialist outreach clinics in general practice in two specialties, dermatology and orthopaedic surgery. We sought approval from nine local research ethics committees to approach patients attending outpatient clinics in hospitals and general practice. We asked patients to complete a questionnaire about their health status and experience of attending the clinic and to …
Global cardiac risk assessment in the Registry Of Pregnancy And Cardiac disease: results of a registry from the European Society of Cardiology
Authors: Iris M. van Hagen, Eric Boersma, Mark R. Johnson, Sara A. Thorne, William A. Parsonage, Pilar Escribano Subías, Agata Leśniak‐Sobelga, Olga Irtyuga, Khaled A. Sorour, Nasser Taha, Aldo P. Maggioni, Roger Hall, Jolien W. Roos‐Hesselink
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2016)
Through-the-scope self-expanding metal stent placement using newly developed short double-balloon endoscope for the effective management of malignant afferent-loop obstruction
Authors: Masaaki Shimatani, Makoto Takaoka, Mitsuo Tokuhara, Kota Kato, Hideaki Miyoshi, Tsukasa Ikeura, Kazuichi Okazaki
Journal: Endoscopy (2016)

This is the first report of through-the-scope (TTS) self-expanding metal stent (SEMS) placement, using a newly developed, short-type, double-balloon endoscope (S-DBE), for the palliation of malignant afferent-loop obstruction (ALO). The endoscope has a 3.2 mm working channel and 152 cm working length (EI-580BT; Fujifilm, Tokyo, Japan). The SEMS is a new Niti-S D pyloric/duodenal uncovered stent, with a diameter of 18 mm and lengths of 6 cm, 8 cm, 10 cm, or 12 cm, which is deployed using a 9 Fr × 220 cm delivery system (TaeWoong Medical Co., Ltd., Gimpo, South Korea). In the case presented here, the 6 cm SEMS was used.