tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Elderly Woman With Acute Abdomen and Gastric Mass on Imaging
Authors: Nitin Vashistha, Dinesh Singhal
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2016)

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Reply from Authors re: Matthew C. Hayes, David J. Breen. Excision Versus Ablation in Renal Cancer: Optimising Outcome and Minimising Risk. Eur Urol 2016;69:683–4
Authors: Alessandro Larcher, Nicola Fossati, Paolo Dell’Oglio, Francesco Montorsi, Pierre I. Karakiewicz
Journal: European Urology (2015)
Next-Generation Sequencing of Pulmonary Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma Reveals Small Cell Carcinoma–like and Non–Small Cell Carcinoma–like Subsets
Authors: Natasha Rekhtman, Maria C. Pietanza, Matthew D. Hellmann, Jarushka Naidoo, Arshi Arora, Helen Won, Darragh F. Halpenny, Hangjun Wang, Shaozhou K. Tian, Anya M. Litvak, Paul K. Paik, Alexander E. Drilon, Nicholas Socci, John T. Poirier, Ronglai Shen, Michael F. Berger, Andre L. Moreira, William D. Travis, Charles M. Rudin, Marc Ladanyi
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Pulmonary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is a highly aggressive neoplasm, whose biologic relationship to small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) versus non-SCLC (NSCLC) remains unclear, contributing to uncertainty regarding optimal clinical management. To clarify these relationships, we analyzed genomic alterations in LCNEC compared with other major lung carcinoma types.LCNEC (n = 45) tumor/normal pairs underwent targeted next-generation sequencing of 241 cancer genes by Memorial Sloan Kettering-Integrated Mutation Profiling of Actionable Cancer Targets (MSK-IMPACT) platform and comprehensive histologic, immunohistochemical, and clinical analysis. Genomic data were compared with MSK-IMPACT analysis of other lung carcinoma histologies (n = 242).Commonly altered genes in LCNEC included TP53 (78%), RB1 (38%), STK11 (33%), KEAP1 (31%), and KRAS (22%). Genomic profiles segregated LCNEC into 2 major and 1 minor subsets: SCLC-like (n = 18), characterized by TP53+RB1 co-mutation/loss and other SCLC-type alterations, including MYCL amplification; NSCLC-like (n = 25), characterized by the lack of coaltered TP53+RB1 and nearly universal occurrence of NSCLC-type mutations (STK11, KRAS, and KEAP1); and carcinoid-like (n = 2), characterized by MEN1 mutations and low mutation burden. SCLC-like and NSCLC-like subsets revealed several clinicopathologic differences, including higher proliferative activity in SCLC-like tumors (P < 0.0001) and exclusive adenocarcinoma-type differentiation marker expression in NSCLC-like tumors (P = 0.005). While exhibiting predominant similarity with lung adenocarcinoma, NSCLC-like LCNEC harbored several distinctive genomic alterations, including more frequent mutations in NOTCH family genes (28%), implicated as key regulators of neuroendocrine differentiation.LCNEC is a biologically heterogeneous group of tumors, comprising distinct subsets with genomic signatures of SCLC, NSCLC (predominantly adenocarcinoma), and rarely, highly proliferative carcinoids. Recognition of these subsets may inform the classification and management of LCNEC patients. Clin Cancer Res; 22(14); 3618-29. ©2016 AACR.
Survival after kidney transplant from non-matching live donor is good
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Patients who receive a kidney transplant from an HLA incompatible live donor show significantly better survival than those who wait for transplants from compatible deceased donors or who remain on the transplant waiting list, a study published in the New England Journal of Medicine has found.1

Many patients who need kidney transplantation have anti-HLA antibodies. This can make it difficult to find a deceased kidney donor because the donor’s HLA type needs to match the recipient’s. Experts have reported promising findings with …
Phase I study of combined 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine and chlorambucil in chronic lymphoid leukemia and low-grade lymphoma.
Authors: A Tefferi, T E Witzig, J M Reid, C Y Li, M M Ames
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1994)

PURPOSE We conducted a dose-escalation study of 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine (2-CdA) added to a standard fixed dose of chlorambucil to evaluate the toxicity of the combined regimen in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and low-grade lymphoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 15 adults with relapsed or refractory CLL or low-grade lymphoma were to receive chlorambucil orally (30 mg/m2) every 2 weeks. Also, groups of three patients were to receive escalating doses of continuous intravenously administered 2-CdA at 1, 2, or 4 mg/m2/d for 7 days repeated at monthly intervals. All patients had pharmacokinetic studies during the first cycle of 2-CdA therapy; the results were compared with other institutional phase I studies in which comparable amounts of 2-CdA were administered by bolus infusion for 5 days. RESULTS The maximal-tolerated dose of 2-CdA that could be combined with chlorambucil was 2 mg/m2/d for 7 days for a maximum of two courses. At a higher dose level of 2-CdA or at the maximal-tolerated dose level given for more than two courses, severe and protracted pancytopenia, sometimes associated with life-threatening infections, was noted. Nonhematologic toxicities were limited to moderate degrees of nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and fatigue. Results of the pharmacologic studies suggested that 2-CdA clearance was independent of administration schedule and was unaffected by concomitant administration of chlorambucil. CONCLUSION These observations suggest the possibility of combining two cycles of continuous intravenously administered 2-CdA (2 mg/m2/d for 7 days) with standard doses of oral chlorambucil to test the efficacy of the combination regimen in phase II trials.
Prevalence of Type-C Particles in Visceral Tissues of Embryonic and Newborn Mice2
Authors: Mina Lee Vernon, William T. Lane, Robert J. Huebner
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

Immature budding type-C particles were demonstrated in 59% of the visceral tissues from 72 of 85 embryonic and newborn mice of all strains examined; thus 85% of the embryonic or newborn mice tested had 1 or more positive tissues. Muscle tissue was uniformly negative. The data offer supportive evidence for the transmission of subinfectious virus information from parent to offspring as part of the genetic makeup of normal cells as proposed in the viral oncogene hypothesis. This hypothesis was based in part on the demonstration of expressions of the major polypeptide (group-specific-1) of the type-C RNA tumor viruses in visceral tissue of mouse embryos.
Tuberculosis Treatment Interruptions—Ivanovo Oblast, Russian Federation, 1999
Journal: JAMA (2001)

In 1995 WHO implemented a pilot TB control project in the Ivanovo oblast of the Russian Federation.  The project was based on five elements of WHO’s directly observed treatment short-course strategy for controlling TB and in most settings the strategy has resulted in cure rate of 85% or higher.  However little improvement was noted in Ivanovo after the implementation of the strategy.  Although 17% of these poor outcomes were attributed to primary multidrug-resistant TB other factors like treatment delay and interruption were not quantified.  Thus CDC reviewed the TB treatment records for all newly diagnosed never-treated pulmonary TB patients registered in Ivanovo from April through June 1999. The aim was to determine the extent of treatment interruption as a potential cause of poor outcomes among TB patients.  This report summarizes the results of the analysis and indicates that approximately one-fourth of highly infectious TB patients interrupted treatment for 2-8 weeks and nearly one-fourth of them interrupted treatment for more than 8 weeks.  Based on these results TB project staff have increased efforts to reduce treatment interruption through use of incentives.
Long-term outcomes after adjuvant treatment of sequential versus combination docetaxel with doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide in node-positive breast cancer: BCIRG-005 randomized trial
Authors: J.R. Mackey, T. Pieńkowski, J. Crown, S. Sadeghi, M. Martin, A. Chan, M. Saleh, S. Sehdev, L. Provencher, V. Semiglazov, M.F. Press, G. Sauter, M. Lindsay, V. Houé, M. Buyse, P. Drevot, S. Hitier, S. Bensfia, W. Eiermann
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
Splenotoxicity Associated With Splenic Sarcomas in Rats Fed High Doses of D &amp;amp; C Red No. 9 or Aniline Hydrochloride&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: M A Weinberger, R H Albert, S B Montgomery
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

A histopathologic review of F344 rat spleens from the National Toxicology Program-National Cancer Institute bioassays of barium salt of 5-chloro-2-(2-hydroxy-1-naphthalenyl)-azo-4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid [(D & C Red No. 9) CAS: 516-00-21] and aniline HCI (CAS: 142-04-1) was conducted to assess splenotoxic changes associated with splenic sarcomas induced by these aromatic amines. Four splenic changes--fatty metamorphosis (FM), splenic fibrosis (FIB), capsule hyperplasia (CH), and hemorrhage--were markedly increased in incidence and severity in males treated with high doses of either D & C Red No. 9 or aniline HCI. Females treated with high doses of either of these compounds showed similar but less severe changes. FIB and FM showed strong group correlations with tumor incidence (r greater than or equal to 0.87). All groups that demonstrated FM also demonstrated splenic sarcomas; groups without the FM lesions did not exhibit splenic tumors. The morphologic similarity of the FIB and CH lesions to the induced splenic sarcomas suggests that these lesions are preneoplastic. Moreover, the treatment-related splenic lesions appear to be precursors of the induced splenic sarcomas. Carcinogenicity studies with serial sacrifices at varying intervals will be required for experimental verification of these conclusions. A schema, based on the findings of the study, suggests a hypothetical pathway for the progression of the treatment-related splenic lesions from onset to tumor formation.
Cellular signaling by endothelin peptides
Authors: M S Simonson, Y Wang, M J Dunn
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1992)

Endothelins (ET) are potent regulatory peptides that evoke diverse responses in glomerular mesangial cells. These include short-term actions, such as contraction and secretion, and long-term, adaptive responses, such as cell growth. Although much attention has been focused on the second messenger cascades, which govern short-term effects, the pathways of cytosolic and nuclear signaling, which effect long-term changes, remain unclear. Several distal signaling events by ET receptors have been characterized in rat mesangial cells. These include activation of a cytosolic protein kinase, mitogen-activated protein kinase and an inducible transcription factor, activator protein-1 (AP-1). This review focuses on the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase and activator protein-1 by ET and discusses the potential role of these third and fourth messengers in controlling long-term cellular adaptations. Characterization of these and other cytosolic and nuclear signals should provide important insights into the pleiotropic actions of ET peptides.
Enhancing active surveillance of prostate cancer: the potential of exercise medicine
Authors: Daniel A. Galvão, Dennis R. Taaffe, Nigel Spry, Robert A. Gardiner, Renea Taylor, Gail P. Risbridger, Mark Frydenberg, Michelle Hill, Suzanne K. Chambers, Phillip Stricker, Tom Shannon, Dickon Hayne, Eva Zopf, Robert U. Newton
Journal: Nature Reviews Urology (2016)
Cytosine-arabinoside-induced colitis and peritonitis: nonoperative management.
Authors: H Johnson, T J Smith, J Desforges
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1985)

Cytosine arabinoside is known to cause severe gastrointestinal side effects in an already very ill patient population. Three cases are reviewed in which apparent surgical peritonitis was managed conservatively, with very careful clinical monitoring. Two of the patients recovered completely, and one died of systemic fungal infection. No patient had a surgically remediable condition, and all were extremely poor surgical risks. A review of our experience and the literature leads us to recommend careful conservative management in patients receiving cytosine arabinoside who appear to have a "surgical abdomen," but in whom a definitive surgical diagnosis cannot be made.
A polymerase chain reaction study of the stability of Ig heavy-chain and T-cell receptor delta gene rearrangements between presentation and relapse of childhood B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: CG Steward, NJ Goulden, F Katz, D Baines, PG Martin, K Langlands, MN Potter, JM Chessells, A Oakhill
Journal: Blood (1994)
Endothelial Sphingosine 1‑Phosphate Receptor‑1 Mediates Protection and Recovery from Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Heather M. Perry, Liping Huang, Hong Ye, Chong Liu, Sun-sang J. Sung, Kevin R. Lynch, Diane L. Rosin, Amandeep Bajwa, Mark D. Okusa
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2016)

Epithelial and endothelial injury and a cascade of immune and interstitial cell activation in the kidney lead to AKI. After mild to moderate AKI, the epithelium can regenerate and restore kidney function, yet little is known about the endothelium during these repair processes. Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1), a G protein–coupled receptor, is necessary for vascular homeostasis. Here, we used an inducible genetic approach in a mouse model of AKI, ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI), to determine the temporal effects of endothelial S1P1 during AKI. Deletion of endothelial S1P1 before IRI exacerbated kidney injury and inflammation, and the delayed deletion of S1P1 after IRI prevented kidney recovery, resulting in chronic inflammation and progressive fibrosis. Specifically, S1P1 directly suppressed endothelial activation of leukocyte adhesion molecule expression and inflammation. Altogether, the data indicate activation of endothelial S1P1 is necessary to protect from IRI and permit recovery from AKI. Endothelial S1P1 may be a therapeutic target for the prevention of early injury as well as prevention of progressive kidney fibrosis after AKI.
Suspension Culture of a Pigment-Producing Cell Line Derived From a Human Malignant Melanoma&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Herbert F. Oettgen, Tadao Aoki, Lloyd J. Old, Edward A. Boyse, Etienne de Harven, Gretchen M. Mills
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1968)

A line of pigment-producing cells (SK-Mel 1) from a human malignant melanoma was established in culture and continued to produce large amounts of brown pigment 15 months after the initial explantation. The culture was initiated with cells obtained from the thoracic duct. This melanoma line resembles cultures derived from leukemics and Burkitt's lymphoma in that the cells grow free in the medium without attaching to the glass surface on which they rest. Electron microscopy of SK-Mel 1 cells showed pigmented granules relating in part to pigment synthesis and in part to pigment phagocytosis. Inoculation of the cultured cells into the cheek pouch of a cortisone-treated hamster gave rise to a pigment-producing tumor. By means of the immunofluorescence technique, antibody to the SK-Mel 1 line was detected in 63% of sera from patients with malignant melanoma and in 10% of sera from patients with other diseases, both neoplastic and non-neoplastic.
Abstract 11575: Comparative Effectiveness of Generic Atorvastatin and Lipitor® in Patients Hospitalized With an Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Cynthia Jackevicius, Jack Tu, Harlan Krumholz, Peter Austin, Joseph Ross, Therese Stukel, Maria Koh, Alice Chong, Dennis Ko
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: After generic atorvastatin became available in Canada in June 2010, Ontario’s public prescription benefit program mandated universal substitution of Lipitor® to generic atorvastatin to reduce expenditures. Although generic medications are approved based on bioequivalence with brand-name medications, there remains substantial concern about their clinical effectiveness and safety. This policy change afforded a unique opportunity to compare clinical outcomes between patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) prescribed generic atorvastatin and Lipitor®. Methods: We assembled a population-based cohort of patients ≥65 years, discharged alive after an ACS hospitalization between 2008-2012, who were prescribed generic atorvastatin or Lipitor® within 7 days of discharge. Propensity score-matching on demographics, comorbidities, medical and invasive treatment, and physician and hospital characteristics was used to adjust for confounding. The primary outcome was death or recurrent ACS hospitalization at 1-year. Secondary outcomes included hospitalization for heart failure, stroke, new-onset diabetes, rhabdomyolysis, and renal failure. Results: In the 7,863 matched pairs (15,726 patients) of ACS patients, mean age was 76.9 years, 56.3% were male, 87.6% had a myocardial infarction and 12% had unstable angina, and all patients had complete follow-up. At 1-year, 17.7% of those prescribed generic atorvastatin and 17.7% prescribed Lipitor® experienced death or recurrent ACS (HR:1.00, 95%CI 0.93-1.08, p=0.94). Pre-specified subgroup analyses by age, sex, diabetes, atorvastatin dose, admission diagnosis, or generic product also found no difference between groups. No significant differences in secondary outcomes, including side effects, between treatment groups were observed. Conclusions: Among older adults discharged alive after ACS hospitalization, we found no significant difference in cardiovascular outcomes or side effects in patients prescribed generic atorvastatin compared with those prescribed Lipitor® at 1 year. Our findings support the use of generic atorvastatin in ACS, which could lead to substantial cost saving for patients and healthcare plans without diminishing population clinical effectiveness.
Fibrinogen Alès: a homozygous case of dysfibrinogenemia (γ-Asp330 →Val) characterized by a defective fibrin polymerization site “a”
Authors: Karim Chabane Lounes, Claudine Soria, Shah Sultan Mirshahi, Pierre Desvignes, Massoud Mirshahi, Olivier Bertrand, Pierre Bonnet, Jaap Koopman, Jeannette Soria
Journal: Blood (2000)
Paving the way of systems biology and precision medicine in allergic diseases: the Me <scp>DALL</scp> success story
Authors: J. Bousquet, J. M. Anto, M. Akdis, C. Auffray, T. Keil, I. Momas, D.S. Postma, R. Valenta, M. Wickman, A. Cambon‐Thomsen, T. Haahtela, B. N. Lambrecht, K. C. Lodrup Carlsen, G. H. Koppelman, J. Sunyer, T. Zuberbier, I. Annesi‐Maesano, A. Arno, C. Bindslev‐Jensen, G. De Carlo, F. Forastiere, J. Heinrich, M. L. Kowalski, D. Maier, E. Melén, S. Palkonen, H. A. Smit, M. Standl, J. Wright, A. Asarnoj, M. Benet, N. Ballardini, J. Garcia‐Aymerich, U. Gehring, S. Guerra, C. Hohman, I. Kull, C. Lupinek, M. Pinart, I. Skrindo, M. Westman, D. Smagghe, C. Akdis, R. Albang, V. Anastasova, N. Anderson, C. Bachert, S. Ballereau, F. Ballester, X. Basagana, A. Bedbrook, A. Bergstrom, A. Berg, B. Brunekreef, E. Burte, K. H. Carlsen, L. Chatzi, J. M. Coquet, M. Curin, P. Demoly, E. Eller, M. P. Fantini, B. Gerhard, H. Hammad, L. Hertzen, V. Hovland, B. Jacquemin, J. Just, T. Keller, M. Kerkhof, R. Kiss, M. Kogevinas, S. Koletzko, S. Lau, I. Lehmann, N. Lemonnier, R. McEachan, M. Mäkelä, J. Mestres, E. Minina, P. Mowinckel, R. Nadif, M. Nawijn, S. Oddie, J. Pellet, I. Pin, D. Porta, F. Rancière, A. Rial‐Sebbag, Y. Saeys, M. J. Schuijs, V. Siroux, C. G. Tischer, M. Torrent, R. Varraso, J. De Vocht, K. Wenger, S. Wieser, C. Xu
Journal: Allergy (2016)

MeDALL (Mechanisms of the Development of ALLergy; EU FP7-CP-IP; Project No: 261357; 2010–2015) has proposed an innovative approach to develop early indicators for the prediction, diagnosis, prevention and targets for therapy. MeDALL has linked epidemiological, clinical and basic research using a stepwise, large-scale and integrative approach: MeDALL data of precisely phenotyped children followed in 14 birth cohorts spread across Europe were combined with systems biology (omics, IgE measurement using microarrays) and environmental data. Multimorbidity in the same child is more common than expected by chance alone, suggesting that these diseases share causal mechanisms irrespective of IgE sensitization. IgE sensitization should be considered differently in monosensitized and polysensitized individuals. Allergic multimorbidities and IgE polysensitization are often associated with the persistence or severity of allergic diseases. Environmental exposures are relevant for the development of allergy-related diseases. To complement the population-based studies in children, MeDALL included mechanistic experimental animal studies and in vitro studies in humans. The integration of multimorbidities and polysensitization has resulted in a new classification framework of allergic diseases that could help to improve the understanding of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms of allergy as well as to better manage allergic diseases. Ethics and gender were considered. MeDALL has deployed translational activities within the EU agenda.
A Swollen, Red Areola in a Young Boy
Authors: Erika Van Nieuwenhove, Jaan Toelen, Kristina Casteels
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2016)

A 10-year-old white boy was referred to the pediatric outpatient department in Belgium in winter with progressive swelling and red discoloration of the right areola that had developed over a few months. What is your diagnosis?
Phase I and pharmacologic study of weekly gemcitabine and paclitaxel in chemo-naïve patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: T. De Pas, F. de Braud, R. Danesi, C. Sessa, C. Catania, G. Curigliano, S. Fogli, M. del Tacca, G. Zampino, A. Sbanotto, A. Rocca, S. Cinieri, E. Marrocco, A. Milani, A. Goldhirsch
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2000)
The Significance of Complete Response (Cr) in Patients Receiving Salvage Therapy for Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma (Uc)
Authors: G. Sonpavde, J. Bellmunt, J.E. Rosenberg, D.F. Bajorin, A.M. Regazzi, T.K. Choueiri, A.Q. Qu, G. Niegisch, P. Albers, A. Necchi, G. Di Lorenzo, R. Fougeray, R. Dreicer, Y. Wong, S.S. Sridhar, Y. Ko, M.I. Milowsky, M.D. Galsky, G.R. Pond
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate inhibits the production of interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor by human endothelial cells in response to inflammatory mediators: modulation of NF-kappa B and AP-1 transcription factors activity
Authors: C Munoz, D Pascual-Salcedo, MC Castellanos, A Alfranca, J Aragones, A Vara, MJ Redondo, MO de Landazuri
Journal: Blood (1996)