tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AREG and EREG as Predictive Biomarkers for<i>RAS</i>Wild-Type Colorectal Cancer Treated With Panitumumab
Authors: Elizabeth C. Smyth, Khurum Khan, David Cunningham
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2016)

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Changes of the lung cancer histology, diagnostic modality, stage, and smoking status among veterans over the past 20 years.
Authors: B. Kasimis, V. Chang, J. Cogswell, M. Gonzalez, S. Srinivas, F. Zhong, L. Duque, B. Crump, M. McPherson, M. Sullivan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e12054 Background: Recent SEER reviews indicated chenges in the histology pattern of Lung Cancer patients (pts) over the past 20 years and have been largely attributed to decrease of the incidence of smoking. We report the histology data, smoking status, diagnostic methods used and stage at our Institution for the last 20 years. Methods: We reviewed tumor registry data from 1990-1995 (group A) and compared to 2004-2009 data (group B). Comparison was made for histology, smoking status, diagnostic method use and stage. Results: On group A, 626 pts and on group B, 270 pts were recorded. In group A, 15 pts (2.3%) and B, 12 pts (4.4%) were non- or never smokers. The diagnosis was made by histology in 542 pts (86.6%) in group A and in 215 pts (79.6%) in group B, by cytology in 46 pts (7.3%) in group A and in 38 pts (14.1%) in group B. The stage was I-II in 94 pts (15%), stage III, in 157 pts (25%) and stage IV in 270 pts (43%) for group A and stage I-II in 22 pts (8.1%), stage III in 75 pts (27.7%) and stage IV in 137 pts (50.7%) for group B. By histology in group A,106 pts (16.9%) had large cell, 280 pts (44.7%) squamous cell,153 pts (24.5%) adenocarcinoma, 4 pts (0.6%) bronchioalveolar and 83 pts (13.3%) small cell. In group B, 93 pts (34.4%) had large cell, 71 pts (26.3%) squamous cell, 72 pts (26.7%) adenocarcinoma, 4 pts (1.5%) bronchioalveolar and 30 pts (11.1%) small cell histology. Conclusions: In our veteran population the majority of the pts are present or past smokers. The diagnosis by cytology has doubled likely due to the increasing use of CAT scan guided biopsies. Changes for the stage were seen but the importance is unclear due to the changes of the staging system used over the past 20 years. The major changes were observed in the decreasing incidence of the squamous and small cell in contrast to the increasing incidence of bronchioalveolar and adenocarcinoma histologies. Considering that major proportional decrease in the incidence of smoking was not recorded the etiology for the change of histology could be multifactorial. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
US Trends for Diabetes Prevalence Among Adults—Reply
Authors: Andy Menke, Sarah Casagrande, Catherine C. Cowie
Journal: JAMA (2016)

In Reply Dr Magliano and colleagues raise concern regarding our use of all 3 glycemic markers (hemoglobin A1c, FPG, and 2-hour PG) in defining undiagnosed diabetes, and of the lack of repeat testing in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
Abstract 20433: Viral Myocarditis: Viral Genome Detection Yield on Endomyocardial Biopsy is Influenced by Methodological Factors
Authors: Elisa Carturan, Stefania Rizzo, Gaetano Thiene, Cristina Basso
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Myocarditis is diagnosed on endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) by histological, immune-histochemical and molecular techniques to detect viral genomes. The role of EMB for the diagnosis and its contribution to patient management has been addressed by a Consensus document of American and European Cardiovascular Pathology Societies. Hypothesis: Different methods of tissue fixation and the number of myocardial samples could impact on viral genome yield on EMB. Methods: Consecutive EMBs referred at our Institution for histology/ immunohistochemistry evaluation in the time interval 1996-2012 were enrolled. Molecular investigation by RT-PCR and PCR technique was performed in all EMBs with inflammatory cardiomyopathy diagnosis at histology and immunohistochemistry. Results: A total of 467 EMBs have been diagnosed as myocarditis: 79 in pediatric (1 month to 18 years; 47M/ 32F) and 388 adult (19 to 75 years; 256M/132 F) patients (pts.). Viral etiology was identified in 28 (36%) pediatric and 101 (26%) adult pts, and the most prevalent type of viruses were enterovirus (8/28, 36%; 26/101, 24%). In a more recent subgroup of 137 EMBs (virus positive 30/137, 22%) seasonality, type of fixation and number of EMB samples were assessed. The seasonal distribution of myocarditis was higher in winter than in other seasons (33% vs. autumn 28%, spring 20% and summer 19%) without any significant difference in terms of virus positive EMBs. The number of EMB samples per pt. was ≤3 (either formalin or RNAlater) in 94/137 (69%) and &gt;3 in 43/137 (31%), with a lower prevalence of virus positive in the former (17/94, 18% vs. 13/43, 30%). Eighty-one EMB samples were frozen while 56 were paraffin embedded, with a higher prevalence of viral genome in the former (26/81, 32% vs. 4/56, 7%; p=0.001). Conclusions: The diagnosis of myocarditis on EMB samples requires standardized protocols including molecular techniques. Viral genomes are identifiable in more than one third of pediatric and one fourth of adult cases. Methodological factors like the type of tissue fixation and the number of samples could impact on viral genome detection on EMB.
Abstract 13208: Impact of Genotype on Clinical Course in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/Cardiomyopathy Associated Mutation Carriers
Authors: Aditya Bhonsale, Judith A Groeneweg, Cynthia A James, Dennis Dooijes, Crystal Tichnell, Jan D Jongbloed, Brittney Murray, Jeroen F van der Heijden, Harikrishna Tandri, Arthur A Wilde, Daniel P Judge, J Peter van Tintelen, Hugh Calkins, Richard N Hauer
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Pathogenic mutations in desmosomal and non-desmosomal genes underlie Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/Cardiomyopathy (ARVD/C). It is not known whether the genotype influences ...
Visual analog scale (VAS) and time trade-off (TTO) preferences for side effects (SE) of chemoradiation (chemoXRT): A comparison of patients (pts) and caregivers (CG).
Authors: D. C. Bodurka, A. Jhingran, L. M. Ramondetta, P. J. Eifel, C. H. Crane, A. T. Phan, D. Urbauer, M. M. Frumovitz, L. S. Elting, C. C. Sun
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

9056 Background: CG provide clinicians valuable information about treatment-related SE they see pts experience. As part of a larger study, we prospectively assessed the preferences of pts and CG for chemoXRT-related SE. Methods: Pts with GYN or GI cancers scheduled for chemoXRT and their CG were separately interviewed prior to initiation of treatment. The VAS was used to evaluate 21 health states (5 anchor states + 16 SE); TTO used for the 16 SE. For the VAS, SE were rated on a scale of 0=worst to 100=best. The TTO involved choosing between Treatment A for time 6 weeks with SEi (i = SE under consideration) and Treatment B with SE= acute nausea/vomiting for x weeks (where x < 6 weeks). Pts and CG were asked to specify a time x for when they considered Treatment A equivalent to Treatment B. VAS and TTO scores were converted to a scale of 0.0 to 1.0 (0=least preferred;1=most preferred). Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to analyze data. Results: Preferences were assessed for 110 pts and 97 CG. Median ages of pts and CG were 53.8 yrs (range 31.6 to 81.4) and 53.4 years (range 19.5 to 86.2), respectively. The majority of CG were female (n=63). CG included pts' spouse/partner (n=65), adult children (n=10), sibling (n=6), other relative (n=8), and friend (n=8). Overall, CG had more favorable VAS and TTO scores than pts. By VAS, CG gave significantly more favorable ratings for current health (0.85 vs 0.73, p<.001), alopecia (0.54 vs 0.44, p=.02), changes in appetite (0.48 vs 0.40, p=.02), delayed nausea (0.49 vs 0.41, p=.03), acute nausea (0.68 vs 0.60, p=.02), delayed vomiting (0.44 vs 0.36, p=.03), and acute vomiting (0.65 vs 0.50, p=.005). By TTO, CG were significantly more willing than pts to accept intestinal obstruction (0.63 vs 0.53, p=.036), rectovaginal fistula (0.56 vs 0.40, p=.047) and acute nausea (0.92 vs 0.88, p=.014). Conclusions: CG perceptions of chemoXRT-related SE are significantly more favorable than pts' perceptions at baseline. Awareness of differences in perspective is an important concept for pts, CG, and clinicians to acknowledge. Further efforts are needed to determine whether the experience of pts during treatment influence CG preferences over time. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Merck
Long-term analysis of the palliative benefit of 2-Chlorodeoxyadenosine (2-CdA) for myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia
Authors: L. Faoro, R. Mesa, M. A. Gertz, A. Tefferi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

6620 Background:Therapeutic splenectomy in myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia (MMM) may result in extreme thrombocytosis and leukocytosis as well as accelerated hepatomegaly. We have previously reported on our short-term treatment experience with the purine nucleoside analog 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine (2-CdA) in such instances (Brit J Haem 1997;99(2):352.). We have since treated more patients with 2-CdA and provide information on the long-term treatment experience. Methods: 2-CdA was administered intravenously by way of either a continuous 7-day infusion (0.1 mg/kg/day) or a 5-day daily 2-hour infusion (5 mg/m2/day) for a planned 6 cycles of treatment. Results: Fourteen patients (median age 63 years; range 45–75) received 2-CdA therapy including 11 patients with prior splenectomy. The median number of 2-CdA treatment cycles was 4 (range 1–10). Nine patients (62 %) responded; 6 of the 11 splenectomized patients (55%) experienced a >50% reduction in palpable hepatomegaly, 3 of 6 patients (50%) with marked thrombocytosis normalized their platelet count, 11 of 12 patients (92%)with marked leukocytosis realized a reduction of their leukocyte count to below 20 x 109/L, and 4 of 12 anemic patients (33%) displayed an improvement in their hemoglobin level by >2 g/dL. All responses were documented in the first 2 cycles of 2-CdA therapy and durable responses were seen in in 8 patients who received the drug for a median of 6 cycles (range, 3–10). Both dosing regimens were efficacious, and responses occurred in both splenectomized and non-splenectomized patients. The median response duration in these 8 patients was 6 months (range, 2–19) after completion of 2-CdA therapy. Moderate to severe neutropenia (n=8) and thrombocytopenia (n=6) were common but were not accompanied with major infectious or hemorrhagic events. Median post-treatment survival was 44 months (range 2–117). Conclusions: 2-CDA is a reasonable drug to consider during palliative treatment of patients with advanced MMM. However, patients on such therapy should be followed closely for the occurrence of severe cytopenias as well as usual and unusual infections. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract B1-53: Inhibiting stemness and invasion property of glioma stem cells by biguanide compound
Authors: Junjeong Choi, Ji-Hyun Lee, Jin-Kyoung Shim, Pilnam Kim, Seok-Gu Kang
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Introduction: Ever since pharmacoepidemiologic clues of antineoplastic actions of metformin were reported in 2005, potential application of biguanide for the treatment of several types of cancer has been evaluated. To overcome limited pharmacokinetic properties of prototype biguanides such as metformin and penformin, a newly developed biguanide compound HL156A was developed. In the present, we assessed the potential biologic effect of HL156A on the glioma stemness and invasion properties. Methods: Using patient derived glioma cancer stem cells (gCSCs), we assessed cell viability, AMPK-mTOR pathway, stemness, differentiation, tumor invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal properties of gCSCs. In addition, expression profiles with drug treatment were obtained using Illumina HumanHT-12 v4 Expression BeadChip and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed with GSEA application. Orthotopic tumor model was generated and assessed for tumor margin. Results: The compound activated p-AMPK and reduced phosphorylation of mTORC-1-regulated proteins. It decreased stemness of gCSCs, proved by sphere formation assay and decreased expression of stemness markers. The invasive properties of gCSCs were inhibited on 3D invasion assay and the expression of proteins related with epithelial-mesenchymal transition was inhibited by the compound. GSEA revealed cell adhesion related gene set was altered in the compound treated groups. Orthotopic model of the tumor showed less invasive tumor margin on the treatment of the compound. Citation Format: Junjeong Choi, Ji-Hyun Lee, Jin-Kyoung Shim, Pilnam Kim, Seok-Gu Kang. Inhibiting stemness and invasion property of glioma stem cells by biguanide compound. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Computational and Systems Biology of Cancer; Feb 8-11 2015; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(22 Suppl 2):Abstract nr B1-53.
Ixabepilone (Ixa) in taxane-pretreated women with breast and gynecologic cancers: Overall tolerance, neurotoxicity (NT) assessment and evidence of activity
Authors: A. Dilawari, S. Goel, A. Assal, S. Moore, F. M. Muggia, S. Mani
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

16529 Background: Our previous phase I study (Mani et al. Annals of Oncology 2007) determined a dose of 40 mg/m2 as the recommended phase II dose of ixabepilone. We expanded this cohort to examine neurotoxicity and activity of the drug especially in breast and gynecological cancer patients pre-treated with taxanes. Methods: Thirty-six of the total 44 (11 ovarian, 3 endometrial, 1 fallopian tube, 3 cervical, 12 breast, and 6 other cancer patients) were treated at the 40 mg/m2 dose with a median of 2 cycles (range 1–14). In addition to NCI toxicity assessments, NT was also determined by vibration perception threshold (VPT), which was available for 25 of the 44 patients. Twelve breast and gynecological cancer patients had markers assessed on multiple visits. Results: Marker response was seen in 3 of the 12 patients in whom markers were available. Thirty-five of the total 44 patients were assessed for response by RECIST criteria. Of these, 3 (2 breast, 1 ovarian) had a partial response and 2 (1 breast and 1 ovarian) had a minimal response. NT in the total 44 patients included 11 who developed Grade 2–3 neuropathy; this was preceded by VPT changes. Other toxicities included hypersensitivity (1), and grade 3 or greater neutropenia (18). Conclusions: Ixa by 1-hour infusion was feasible and associated with modest evidence of activity in taxane pre- treated ovarian and other gynecologic cancers. Severe NT could be predicted by VPT. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Bristol-Myers Squibb Bristol-Myers Squibb
Doubling time of preoperative serum alpha-fetoprotein level can predict recurrence and prognosis after hepatic resection of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: T. Masuda, T. Beppu, T. Ishiko, T. Mizumoto, H. Hayashi, H. Horrart, H. Takamori, K. Kanemitsu, M. Hirota, H. Baba
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

15118 Background: It is quite important to predict postoperative recurrence or prognosis in the patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) before surgery. There have been few reports about the value of doubling time of preoperative serum a-fetoprotein (AFP) or protein induced by vitamin K absence (PIVKA-II) levels. Methods: Between January 2000 to December 2005, 160 consecutive HCC patients underwent hepatic resections in our institution. Serum AFP and PIVKA-II level was prospectively measured at least two points before surgery to calculate a doubling time. Clinical factors such as age, gender, BMI, etiology of hepatitis, degree of liver damage, gross tumor type, tumor size, tumor numbers, portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT), and AFP-L3 were concurrently investigated. Univariate and multivariate analyses were done to clarify predictive factors of postoperative recurrence and survival. Results: There were no relationship between preoperative levels and doubling time of both tumor markers. In univariate analysis, significant predictors of postoperative recurrence were AFP &gt; 200 ng / ml, PIVKA-II &gt; 200 mAU / ml, AFP-L3 &gt; 10%, non-simple nodular type tumor, tumor size &gt; 3 cm, multiple tumors, PVTT positive, and doubling time of AFP &lt; 40 days. The significant prognostic factors were AFP &gt; 200 ng / ml, HBs antigen positive, non-simple nodular type tumor, multiple tumors, PVTT positive, and doubling time of AFP &lt; 40 days. In multivariate analysis, multiple tumors (odds ratio: 1.48), and doubling time of AFP &lt; 40 days (odds ratio: 2.17) were significant predictors of recurrence. The significant prognostic factors were non-simple nodular type tumor (odds ratio: 6.41), multiple tumors (odds ratio: 7.62), and doubling time of AFP &lt; 40 days (odds ratio: 6.49). Postoperative mean recurrence free survival time of HCC patients with doubling time of AFP &lt; 40 days was only 2.8 months and mean survival time was 34 months. Conclusions: In HCC patients, doubling time of preoperative serum AFP level is useful to predict early recurrence and poor prognosis. Perioperative adjuvant therapy should be considered for such high risk patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
LP14 : A phase 3, randomised, open-label study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of 8 and 12 weeks of simeprevir (SMV) plus sofosbuvir (SOF) in treatment-naïve and -experienced patients with chronic HCV genotype 1 infection without cirrhosis: Optimist-1
Authors: P. Kwo, N. Gitlin, R. Nahass, D. Bernstein, S. Rojter, E. Schiff, M. Davis, P.J. Ruane, Z. Younes, R. Kalmeijer, M. Peeters, O. Lenz, B. Fevery, G. De La Rosa, J. Scott, R. Sinha, J. Witek
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
Greater adverse effects of alcohol consumption in deprived communities are explained in study
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2016)

People in deprived communities experience greater levels of alcohol related harm than those consuming the same amounts in more affluent areas because they have higher rates of other adverse health risk factors, including smoking and poor diet, a study in England has shown.1

Previous research has shown that similar levels of alcohol consumption result in higher levels of alcohol related ill health in deprived communities than in less deprived areas. But it has not been clear whether this is due to more harmful …
Are we sports physiotherapists working as a team as well as we could?
Authors: Hamish Ashton
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2016)

Sports medicine is seen as one of the fields that we, as health practitioners, work together as a team for the betterment of the athlete. I believe that we do this well. Health practitioners also need to be able to work well with another team to truly get the best for the athlete—the management team.1 The personnel in this relationship can appear to have different goals with the management/coaching staff wanting fit players ‘now’, and the medical staff wanting to protect the short-term and long-term health of the athlete. Add to the mix the athlete who wants to get out there and play but sometimes needs to be protected from himself or herself.

It is amazing that this can, and does, work well at times. However, for all those who have …
TCNU in adenocarcinoma of the lung: A Phase II study with divided doses
Authors: J.B. Sørensen, F. Bach, P. Dombernowsky, J. Vibe-Petersen, H.H. Hansen
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1990)

TCNU, a new water soluble nitrosourea, has in preclinical studies shown higher activity when given as divided doses compared with one day single treatment. Accordingly, 38 consecutive patients with non-resectable adenocarcinoma of the lung received TCNU 40 mg/m2 p.o. daily for three days every 4 weeks. The response rate among 37 evaluable patients was 14%, median response duration was 17 weeks (range 5-57+ weeks) and median survival 22 weeks (range 3-96+ weeks). Hematologic toxicity was pronounced, especially thrombocytopenia, and 57% of the patients had WHO grade 3 or 4 WBC or platelet count. Overall, dose reduction or delay of treatment due to hematologic toxicity was necessary in 66% of the patients. This, together with the limited activity, renders TCNU in the present dose and schedule unsuitable for further investigations in this disease entity.
Thymus and Breast Cancer—Plasma Androgens, Thymic Pathology, and Peripheral Lymphocytes in Myasthenia Gravis 2
Authors: A. E. Papatestas, M. Mulvihill, G. Genkins, P. Kornfeld, A. H. Aufses, D. Y. Wang, R. D. Bulbrook
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

Journal Article Thymus and Breast Cancer—Plasma Androgens, Thymic Pathology, and Peripheral Lymphocytes in Myasthenia Gravis Get access A. E. Papatestas, M.D., F.A.C.S., A. E. Papatestas, M.D., F.A.C.S. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M. Mulvihill, Ph.D., M. Mulvihill, Ph.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar G. Genkins, M.D., G. Genkins, M.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar P. Kornfeld, M.D., P. Kornfeld, M.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. H. Aufses, Jr., M.D., F.A.C.S., A. H. Aufses, Jr., M.D., F.A.C.S. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D. Y. Wang, M.Sc., Ph.D., D. Y. Wang, M.Sc., Ph.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. D. Bulbrook, M.Sc., Ph.D. R. D. Bulbrook, M.Sc., Ph.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 59, Issue 6, December 1977, Pages 1583–1588, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/59.6.1583 Published: 01 December 1977 Article history Received: 14 September 1976 Revision received: 20 May 1977 Accepted: 18 July 1977 Published: 01 December 1977