tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AB0079 Presence of extracellular rna and rnase in synovial tissue and synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: B. Zimmermann, S. Fischer, M. Rickert, S. Rehart, A. Lehr, U. Müller-Ladner, K.T. Preissner, E. Neumann
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the destruction of cartilage and bone in affected joints. It is known that various pro-inflammatory and pro- destructive factors are increased in the inflamed joint. However, little is known about the role of extracellular RNA (exRNA) in RA. The role of intracellular RNA in the protein biosynthesis is well known in contrast to the effects mediated by exRNA. Pro-coagulative properties and an increased hyper-permeability in the blood-brain-barrier have been described for exRNA. Therefore, the presence and effects of exRNA and exDNA were analyzed in this study. <h3>Objectives</h3> To analyze the RNase activity in synovial fluid as well as the presence and the localization of exRNA in the synovial tissue of patients with RA in comparison to other joint diseases. <h3>Methods</h3> The RNase activity in synovial fluid (RA: n=4; osteoarthritis (OA): n=3 and psoriatic arthritis (PsA): n=5) was analyzed using the Quant-iT™ RNA Assay Kit. To identify exRNA in the synovium, the tissue of RA and OA patients (n=3 each) were stained with 4$′ $,6-diamidin-2-phenylindole (DAPI) to locate DNA and SYTO® RNASelect™ Green Fluorescent Stain to locate RNA. To distinguish between the lining layer and the sublining, serial tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin/eosin. The localization of RNA was determined by comparing the HE-staining with the RNA and DNA-staining of serial sections. <h3>Results</h3> In the synovial fluid of patients with RA (20.1±3.61) and PsA (21.3±2.5), a lower RNase activity was detectable in comparison to OA patients (35.8±4.5). A statistical significance was seen when comparing PsA and OA samples (p=0.033), and RNase activity was inversely correlated to the CRP serum level (r=-0.43). In all regions of the synovium, RNA and DNA signals could be detected. After merging both signals, a co-localization within the nuclei of the cells was detectable. Furthermore, in the lining layer of RA and OA patients a strong cytoplasmatic as well as exRNA signal could be observed, especially in the RA lining layer. <h3>Conclusions</h3> ExRNA is present in increased amounts in the synovial lining layer of RA patients but can also be detected in the synovium of OA patients. In synovial fluid, RNase activity appears to be reduced in patients with chronic inflammation (RA and PsA) in comparison to OA. As we previously could show pro-inflammatory effect of exRNA on RASF, the elevated amounts of exRNA could represent a new pro-inflammatory parameter that is active in chronic inflamed tissue and may contribute to the maintenance and chronification of inflammation. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
AB0954 3d echografic findings of U.S. guided hip intra-articular jaluronic acid injections in osteoarthritis: 3d versus 2d evaluation and response to treatment
Authors: A.M. Lurati, L. Bertani, D. Bompane, M.G. Marrazza, K.A. Re, M. Scarpellini
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> There is increasing evidence for the use of intra-articular hyaluronic acid in the treatment of hip osteoarthritis (OA) using ultrasound-guided injections. More over, two-dimensional and more recently 3D ultrasonography is useful in detecting articular abnormalities in osteoarthritis. <h3>Objectives</h3> Primary objective of our study was to assess the efficacy in pain relieving of ultrasound guided hip injections in patients with hip osteoarthritis. Secondary objective was to establish a correlation between a global score of structural damage based on 2D and 3D ultrasound images and response to treatment. <h3>Methods</h3> patients with hip OA according to ACR criteria, grade 1 to 3 according to Kellgren and Lawrence were considerate eligible. Esaote Mylab 25 with 3D BL433 5-12 MHz probe was used. All subjects enrolled were treated with a course of three intra-articular jaluronic acid injections (800.000-1170000 dalton m.w.) 1 week apart and were followed every 3 months for a 6-months period after the last injection. The injections were performed under US guidance with an antero-superior approach according to the Magenta School's method. Treatment efficacy was assessed through visual analogue scale (VAS) pain quantification (at baseline, at last injection and after 3 and 6 month). Additionally, 2D (longitudinal and transverse views) and 3D (longitudinal, transverse and coronal views) ultrasound images were collected and scored according to Qvistgaard method based on 4 items (osteophyte score 0-3, femoral head score 0-3, fluid score 0-2 and synovial profile score 0-2) and also through a global score derived from the sum of single item score. <h3>Results</h3> Eleven patients (8 females and 3 males; age 47-83 years) were enrolled in this study. At 6 months after the injections course we observed a reduction in the pain VAS versus baseline mean values from 76.4 to 33.5 (p&lt;0.05). Global Qvistgaard score was 4.2±0.8 and 5.1±0.2 (mean ± SD) using 2D and 3D views respectively. The VAS scores at baseline, 3 months and 6 months were significantly related to Qvistgaard scores (r =0.33 for 2D score and 0.64 for 3Dscore respectively, p&lt;0.05). A linear regression model confirmed the role of radiological score as predictive of clinical response in terms of VAS <h3>Conclusions</h3> our data confirm the efficacy of intra-articular medium m.w. hyaluronic acid in the treatment of hip OA, with a clinical improvement in pain for at least 6 months post injections course. Furthermore, our study suggests a correlation between echographic findings and clinical response, especially using 3D views. <h3>References</h3> Qvistgaard E et al.Intra-articular treatment of hip OA: a randomized trial of hyaluronic acid, corticosteroid, and isotonic saline. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2006;14(2):163-70 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
The impact of telemedicine in cancer care
Authors: F. Yunus, S. Gray, K. C. Fox, J. W. Allen, J. Sachdev, M. Merkel, B. Chambley, R. Yunus, T. M. Waters
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e20508 Background: The Technology Exchange for Cancer Health Network is a collaborative, multi-state effort using Telemedicine and integrated electronic health records to provide rural cancer care management. Methods: The purpose of the study was to compare quality, safety, and cost outcomes for patients receiving rural Telehealth care versus “routine” urban care. Patients with a cancer diagnosis requiring treatment for at least 1 year were eligible for the study. Telehealth patients saw their oncologist in person at rural sites for initial care and via telemedicine for about half of subsequent visits, allowing clinicians in-person clinical assessments while still taking advantage of time savings associated with telemedicine. Results: 217 patients (134 rural, 83 urban) were enrolled from 05/25/05 to 09/30/08. Patient satisfaction was high; 95 % of patients indicated their telemedicine visit was as good as or better than an in-person visit. Telemedicine patients also reported significant time and travel cost savings. Cost analysis comparing cost savings (physician travel time) with telemedicine costs (equipment, high speed lines) indicated that cost-benefit is driven by distance to rural facility and number of physician trips avoided. Telemedicine must save at least 5 hours of physician travel time per month to break even. Telemedicine was also associated with improvements in access to care. Using patient self-reported health care visit data (verified with local providers), we identified a significant decline in disparities between urban and rural patients (see Table ). Conclusions: Telemedicine offers a promising method for increasing access to oncology care that is convenient for and well-accepted by patients at reasonable costs. Our results also suggest that telemedicine facilitates access to more than just oncology care. The regular follow-up care provided through telemedicine visits may identify unmet need that might otherwise go untreated, yielding improvements in patient outcomes. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Utilisation de stents ou de clips endoscopiques pour les fistules anastomotiques après chirurgie colorectale: une alternative valide?
Authors: R Lo Dico, X Dray, P Marteau, K Pautrat, P Valleur, M Pocard
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Introduction: Les fistules anastomotiques après chirurgie colorectale nécessitent souvent une reprise chirurgicale ou un drainage percutané. Le traitement endoscopique utilisé pour les fistules oeso-jéjéunale a récemment été décrit comme une alternative mini-invasive possible après chirurgie colorectale, mais les expériences sont anecdotiques.
Clinical outcomes in patients with a diagnosis of “indefinite for dysplasia” in Barrett’s esophagus: a multicenter cohort study
Authors: Preetika Sinh, Rajeswari Anaparthy, Patrick Young, Srinivas Gaddam, Prashanthi Thota, Gokulakrishnan Balasubramanian, Mandeep Singh, April Higbee, Sachin Wani, Neil Gupta, Amit Rastogi, Sharad Mathur, Ajay Bansal, John Horwhat, Brooks Cash, Gary Falk, David Lieberman, John Vargo, Richard Sampliner, Prateek Sharma
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

<b>Background and study aim:</b> Data are limited on the natural history of patients with Barrett's esophagus with a diagnosis of "indefinite for dysplasia" (IND). The aims of this study were to: (i) determine rates of progression to high grade dysplasia (HGD) or esophageal adenocarcinoma, and compare these with rates for low grade dysplasia (LGD); and (ii) determine the proportion of patients whose histological IND diagnosis changed on follow-up endoscopy. <b>Patients and methods:</b> Demographic, endoscopic, and histologic information of patients with diagnoses of IND and LGD and at least 12 months of follow-up were extracted from the database of a multicenter Barrett's esophagus study. Rates and times for progression to HGD and esophageal adenocarcinoma and regression to nondysplastic epithelium were calculated. Proportions of diagnoses upgraded to HGD/esophageal adenocarcinoma or downgraded to nondysplastic epithelium at first follow-up endoscopy were evaluated. <b>Results:</b> Amongst 2264 patients, 83 with a diagnosis of IND (mean age 60 years, 95 % men, 95 % white; mean follow-up 5.6 years) and 79 with diagnosis of LGD were identified. In the IND group, annual incidences of esophageal adenocarcinoma and HGD were 0.21 % and 0.64 %, respectively, representing a combined incidence of 0.8 %. Mean time to progression was 4.72 years. Within the IND group 55 % patients showed regression to nondysplastic epithelium at first follow-up endoscopy and the overall regression rate was 80 %. Corresponding rates in LGD patients were similar. <b>Conclusions:</b> Lesions diagnosed as IND and LGD show similar biological behavior and can be treated as a single category with respect to surveillance and follow-up.
P47 * THE IDENTIFICATION OF NOVEL APTAMERS TO GLIOMA
Authors: K. Norris, L. Shaw, J. E. Alder, C. L. Lawrence
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

INTRODUCTION: Glioma represent less than 2% of all cancer cases in the UK, however, 80% of these tumours are glioblastoma (GBM). GBM is a highly aggressive tumour with poor patient survival rates, despite treatment involving surgery and radiotherapy with adjuvant chemotherapy. Delivery systems that have the ability to distinguish neoplasms from non-cancerous tissues, such as aptamers, may improve patient outcome. Aptamers have previously been shown to selectively target glioma cell lines. Aptamers can also be raised to known biomarkers that are crucial for cell survival, and once bound may inhibit glioma growth. The aim of this study was to produce novel aptamers to known glioma targets and to optimise the systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) procedure with a view to produce Aptamers against patient tissue biopsies which ultimately have low cell numbers. METHOD: Cell lines SVGp12 and U87MG were utilised to determine the lowest number of cells which returned detectable DNA aptamers. Each iterative round of SELEX was optimised by determining the optimal number of touchdown PCR cycles. Furthermore, aptamers were selected against biomarkers related to gliomagenesis via counter SELEX. RESULTS: Optimisation of cell SELEX showed 100 cells and 15-17 cycles of TD-PCR were sufficient for selection. After 6 rounds of counter SELEX, aptamers selected towards a biomarker indicative of glioma were sequenced. CONCLUSION: Aptamers were selected using minimal amounts of sample, and the optimised procedure will now be used to identify aptamers which target primary tissues. Speciﬁcity of sequenced aptamers to the known biomarker and potential inhibition of glioma growth will be confirmed in future studies.
Parents Versus Therapists: Study Seeks Best Coaches for Children With Cancer
Authors: J. Mathews
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

Journal Article Parents Versus Therapists: Study Seeks Best Coaches for Children With Cancer Get access James Mathews James Mathews Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 84, Issue 23, 2 December 1992, Pages 1777–1778, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/84.23.1777 Published: 02 December 1992
Abstract 2804: Anti-tumor and anti-metastatic efficacy of TCM on prostate cancer in orthotopic model of metastatic cancer.
Authors: Lei Zhang, Chengyu Wu, Ming Zhao, Yong Zhang, Robert M. Hoffman
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract We report here on the efficacy of TCM formula TCM-formula LQ on patient-like orthotopic nude-mouse models of metastatic human cancer. The anti-tumor and anti-metastatic activity of LQ was determined on orthotopic models of human prostate and colon cancer. In the present study, human cancer cell lines PC-3 prostate and HCT-116 colon, labeled with green fluorescent protein (GFP), were used. The cells were initially implanted subcutaneously. Subcutaneous tumors were harvested to obtain tissue fragments which were implanted orthotopically in nude mice. The herbal mixture LQ (gavage, 600 mg/kg/day) significantly inhibited prostate cancer tumor growth as measured by imaging, tumor size and weight in subcutaneous, and orthotopic models. LQ was efficacious against primary and metastatic cancer without weight loss and cachexia. Fifty percent of mice in control group got the ascites, but only 20% had ascites in the LQ group. Survival of tumor-bearing mice was also prolonged by LQ treatment. The results indicate that LQ can have non-toxic efficacy against metastatic prostate cancer in clinically relevant orthotopic mouse models. Citation Format: Lei Zhang, Chengyu Wu, Ming Zhao, Yong Zhang, Robert M. Hoffman. Anti-tumor and anti-metastatic efficacy of TCM on prostate cancer in orthotopic model of metastatic cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2804. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2804
AB0096 MDM2 Knock-Down Reduces NfκB Expression in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) Synoviocytes
Authors: G. Assmann, M. Eggimann, M. Pfreundschuh, K. Roemer, K. Heyne
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Mdm2 (murine-double-minute2) is an ubiquitin ligase binding p53 to block its function in the pathway of apoptosis. In addition, p53 is one of most important negative regulator of NFκB (nuclear factor kappa B), whereas NFκB expression itself seems to be favored by the Mdm2 in different cell types such as tumor cell lines. RA synoviocytes have been charaterized by different proinflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the influence of Mdm2 on p53 and NFκB expression in in-vitro RA synoviocytes <h3>Methods</h3> Fibroblasts-like synoviocytes were isolated from surgical samples of patients with RA and OA (osteoarthritis). For cell culture 8 tissue specimen (4 age- and gender matched pairs) were prepared, the synoviocytes were seeded and treated by 5 μg/ml TNFα alpha and 2.5 μg/ml Il-1β for 24 hours. Mdm2 knock-down were performed by si-mRNA transfection according to standard protocol. Western blot analyses as well as quantitative mRNA PCR were applied to evaluate p53, mdm2, NFκB-p65, and Il-6. Western blot results have been read out by photometry intensity calibrated by B-actine protein expression. <h3>Results</h3> RA synoviocytes showed lower expression of p53 compared to OA, but no differences in mdm2, NFκB-p65 expression. However, after Mdm2 knock-down the RA synoviocytes developed a significant reduction of NFκB-p65 expression whereas the OA synoviocytes still express NFκB-p65 (269.3 to 201.9 versus 179.2 to 153.0x10<sup>6</sup>) (figure). IL-6 showed corresponding expression due to the presence of NFκB-p65. Mdm2 knock-down resulted in increasing p53 in RA as well as OA synoviocytes. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The mdm2–NFκB interaction has to be hypothesized in RA synoviocytes with proinflammatory effects of mdm2, but not in OA synoviocytes. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.5780
Progress in the Prevention and Treatment of RSV Infection
Authors: Peter F. Wright
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

At long last, gratifying progress is evident on many fronts in combating respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. RSV was discovered in 1956 as an agent causing coryza in chimpanzees.1 Its clinical effects became evident shortly thereafter through a strong epidemiologic association of RSV infection with bronchiolitis and pneumonia in young infants.2 In the almost 60 years since the virus was identified, the highlights of RSV research have been relatively few, in spite of dedicated groups working in this field. The reasons for this include the difficulty of working with RSV in the laboratory; the confinement of RSV replication in humans . . .
Abstract MP32: Epigenome-Wide DNA Methylation Profiling in a CVD Cohort: The ARIC Study
Authors: James S Pankow, Ellen W Demerath, Weihua Guan, Myriam Fornage, Thomas H Mosley, Jan Bressler
Journal: Circulation (2013)

DNA methylation is mitotically heritable modification in chromatin structure that impacts transcriptional control of genes and cellular function. Recent technological advances provide opportunities to systematically interrogate variation in DNA methylation across the genome in large epidemiologic studies. However, unlike inherited changes to the genetic sequence, variation in site-specific methylation varies by tissue, stage of development, disease state, and may be affected by gender, aging and exposure to environmental factors. As a result, there is likely a greater threat of confounding in epigenome-wide methylation studies compared to genome-wide association studies of SNPs. The Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip was used to measure DNA methylation in peripheral blood obtained from African American participants from the Jackson, Mississippi and Forsyth County, North Carolina field centers of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study, a population-based cohort of middle-aged men and women. After excluding outlier samples and CpG sites using quality control filters, we analyzed 473,687 sites in 2873 subjects who were between 47-71 years of age at the time of DNA collection. We used linear regression with robust standard errors to examine cross-sectional associations of demographic factors with the beta value, an estimate of the average methylation level at each locus, and applied a Bonferroni correction to account for multiple testing. In univariate analysis, 91% of sites on the X chromosome and 10% of sites on the autosomes exhibited statistically significant gender differences in methylation level (p&lt;1x10-7). Average methylation was higher in women than men for most of the significant sites (63% and 89% on the X chromosome and autosomes, respectively). Percent European ancestry estimated from ancestry informative markers was significantly associated with methylation level at 4% of sites. Age was also significantly associated with methylation at 4% of sites; average methylation was lower in older subjects compared to younger subjects for the majority (58%) of these sites. As we begin to implement epigenome-wide studies of DNA methylation and CVD outcomes, these results indicate that such studies will require careful consideration of adjustment techniques to avoid confounding by gender, age, and other covariates.
First four hospitals inspected under new regime are found to be safe
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2013)

This study investigates the relationship between S&amp;P Global Dividend Opportunities Index and market indices of the largest economies of the world, which included U.S., U.K., Germany, Sweden, Spain, Brazil, Hong Kong, Australia, Norway, and Canada for the time period of five years, starting from April 2007 and ending April 2012. Multiple correlation coefficient and coefficient of determination were calculated to study this relationship. The multiple correlation coefficient measured the relationship between the S&amp;P Global Dividend Opportunities Index and market indices whereas the coefficient of determination indicated the percentage of the variation in the S&amp;P Global Dividend Opportunities Index that can be explained and accounted for by the market indices in the regression equation. The multiple regression analysis was performed to study the effect of ten market indices on the movement of S&amp;P Global Dividend Opportunities Index. Results implied that market indices of five out of ten economies when used together better predicted the movements in the S&amp;P Global Dividend Opportunities Index. It was also found that, when individual market Indices were regressed with S&amp;P Global Dividend Opportunities Index, the S&amp;P Global Dividend Opportunities Index was highly correlated with Australia’s market index. The regression equations indicated that the market indices of all economies had positive coefficients in the regression equations, indicating that market indices moved in the same direction as that of the S&amp;P Global Dividend Opportunities Index. <b>TOPICS:</b>Mutual funds/passive investing/indexing, global, performance measurement