tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hospital admissions for chemotherapy-related toxicity in patients with metastatic breast cancer as negative quality-of-life index at Wansbeck Hospital, Northumberland.
Authors: A. Cyriac, E. Aynsley, D. Lee, G. Starkey, K. Atkinson, C. Johnson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e11523 Background: Despite significant advances in treatment metastatic breast cancer (MBC) remains essentially incurable. Patients are increasingly offered more than one line of chemotherapy for palliation of symptoms, delay in progression of disease and better survival without possibly impacting the quality of life (QoL). QoL is a multidimensional concept which is subjective in nature and difficult to quantify. QoL measurement instruments are diverse and none universally accepted. Hospitals admissions with treatment related toxicity have negative impact on QoL Methods: We reviewed all patient files for the MBC patients attending the chemotherapy day unit at Wansbeck Hospital between January 1, 2008 and December 31, 2008 looking at cancer characteristics and details of admissions. Results: We identified 43 patients attending chemotherapy day unit for MBC. There were 32 oestrogen, 30 progesterone and 7 HER2 receptor positives and 9 triple negative cancers. There were 20 patients receiving zoledronic acid, 6 capecitabine, 10 weekly paclitaxel, 3 three weekly paclitaxel, 2 vinorelbine, 1 carboplatin and gemcitabine, 1 weekly epirubicin, 6 trastuzumab, 3 docetaxel, and 2 doxorubicin. Number receiving first-line chemotherapy was 22, second line 5 and third line 1. Eighteen were admitted, 9 patients multiple times, with 34 episodes of admission, total of 191 days. Five patients were admitted for total 21 days for chemotherapy related problems and the rest were for progression of disease and rehabilitation. Chemotherapy related admissions were 14% of admission episodes and the length of stay per person was 4.2 days for chemotherapy related vs. 13.08 days for disease related. Conclusions: Pattern of admission shows that with individualised chemotherapy regime selection, the toxicity related admissions and the length of stay per person were less compared to disease related admissions. As a result there is possibly less effect on QoL. There is further scope for tailoring of chemotherapy to improve the balance between toxicity and benefits. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
ロス手術後の主要な心血管および脳血管有害イベント German-Dutch Ross Registryからの報告
Authors: Sievers Hans-H., Stierle Ulrich, I Charitos Efstratios, Hanke Thorsten, Misfeld Martin, Bechtel J. F. Matthias, Gorski Armin, F W Franke Ulrich, Graf Bernhard, R Robinson Derek, J J C Bogers Ad, Dodge-Khatami Ali, O Boehm Juergen, G Rein Joachim, A Botha Cornelius, Lange Ruediger, Hoerer Juergen, Moritz Anton, Wahlers Thorsten, Breuer Martin
Journal: Circulation (2010)
Number Of Apheresis Days To Reach Target Stem Cell Dose May Be a Predictor Of Secondary Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Acute Myelogenous Leukemia
Authors: Rima M Saliba, Veronica R. Smith, Farzaneh Maadani, Kehinde U.A. Adekola, Uday R Popat, Muzaffar H. Qazilbash, Qaiser Bashir, Issa Khouri, Partow Kebriaei, Stefan O. Ciurea, Paolo Anderlini, Nina Shah, Yago Nieto, Richard E Champlin, Chitra M. Hosing
Journal: Blood (2013)
Genetic predisposition for beta cell fragility underlies type 1 and type 2 diabetes
Authors: James Dooley, Lei Tian, Susann Schonefeldt, Viviane Delghingaro-Augusto, Josselyn E Garcia-Perez, Emanuela Pasciuto, Daniele Di Marino, Edward J Carr, Nikolay Oskolkov, Valeriya Lyssenko, Dean Franckaert, Vasiliki Lagou, Lut Overbergh, Jonathan Vandenbussche, Joke Allemeersch, Genevieve Chabot-Roy, Jane E Dahlstrom, D Ross Laybutt, Nikolai Petrovsky, Luis Socha, Kris Gevaert, Anton M Jetten, Diether Lambrechts, Michelle A Linterman, Chris C Goodnow, Christopher J Nolan, Sylvie Lesage, Susan M Schlenner, Adrian Liston
Journal: Nature Genetics (2016)
Flow cytometry defined cytoplasmic immunoglobulin index is a major prognostic factor for progression of asymptomatic monoclonal gammopathies to multiple myeloma (subset analysis of SWOG S0120)
Authors: X Papanikolaou, A Rosenthal, M Dhodapkar, J Epstein, R Khan, F van Rhee, Y Jethava, S Waheed, M Zangari, A Hoering, J Crowley, D Alapat, F Davies, G Morgan, B Barlogie
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2016)

LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; MM, Multiple myeloma, NS2, not significant at 0.005 level.P-value from score χ 2 -test in Cox regression.NS2-Multivariate results not statistically significant at 0.05 level.All univariate P-values reported regardless of significance.Multivariate model uses stepwise selection with entry level 0.1 and variable remains if it meets the 0.05 level.A multivariate P-value 40.05 indicates variable forced into model with significant variables chosen using stepwise selection.
Myelotoxicity and Dose Intensity of Chemotherapy: Reporting Practices From Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: David C. Dale, Gordon C. McCarter, Jeffrey Crawford, Gary H. Lyman
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2003)

Delivery of cancer chemotherapy is often limited by myelotoxicity, primarily neutropenia. As part of an effort to create a model to predict the risk of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia, we reviewed the reports of randomized clinical trials with more than 50 patients per arm in early-stage breast cancer (ESBC) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) published between 1990 and 2000. We observed that no hematologic toxicity data were reported in 39% and 34% of the ESBC and NHL trials, respectively. The remaining trials reported on hematologic toxicity in 16 different ways. When reported, rates of neutropenia, leukopenia, and hematotoxicity varied widely with the same and similar chemotherapy regimens. Dose-intensity data were not reported in 39% and 54% of ESBC and NHL trials, respectively. The majority of the remaining studies reported incomplete dose-intensity data such as percentages of patients completing all cycles or receiving a given percentage of planned dose intensity. Only 28% reported the mean or median relative dose intensity received by patients. Based on this review, we conclude that current practices for reporting chemotherapy treatments are inadequate for describing the risk of chemotherapy to patients or for quantitatively assessing the risk of treatment alternatives. We recommend that standard procedures for documenting and reporting hematologic toxicity and dose intensity in cancer chemotherapy trials be required for publication of chemotherapy trials.
Decline in lung density is accelerated in active smokers
Authors: Saher B. Shaker, Asger Dirksen, Pechin Lo, Lene T. Skovgaard, Marleen de Bruijne, Jesper H. Pedersen
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background: Emphysema is associated with rapid decline in lung density; however, this decline may be influenced by other factors including smoking habits.

Objective: To compare the annual decline in lung density between current and ex-smokers with or without airflow obstruction (AFO).

Material and methods: As part of the Danish Lung Cancer Screening Trial, 2,052 current or ex-smokers aged 50-70 years were screened annually for 5 years (2005-2009) with low dose CT. At annual screening rounds, smoking habits were recorded; carbon monoxide level in exhaled breath was measured; and spirometry was performed. CT lung density was measured as the volume-adjusted 15th percentile density (PD15). The influence of sex, age, smoking and AFO on PD15 was analysed in a mixed effects model with random intercept and random slope of time effect. Former smoking men with less than 30 pack-years and with no AFO at entry were chosen as reference group.

Results: Data were analysed for all subjects throughout the study although censored after they changed their smoking habit. At study entry, 1075 subjects did not have AFO and 843 subjects had AFO based on GOLD spirometry criteria. For the reference group, PD15 was (mean±SE) 72.4±0.8 g/L, and was higher in women (17.0±0.6 g/L); and in active smokers (10.5±0.7 g/L); and lower in subjects with AFO (–3.4±0.6 g/L). Annual decline in PD15 for the reference group was –0.38±0.08 g/L/yr and was higher in women, with additional (0.30±0.07 g/L/yr), current smokers with additional (0.53±0.08 g/L/yr) and for subjects with AFO with additional (0.34±0.07 g/L/yr).

Conclusion: Active smoking, female sex and the presence of airflow obstruction are associated with accelerated decline in lung density.
Breast Cancer Fast-Track Programme to Shorten Time Between Initial Symptoms, Diagnosis and Initiation of Treatment
Authors: M.T. Martinez, I. Chirivella Gonzalez, I. Gonzalez, K. Pinilla, A. Fernandez, A. Martinez-Agullo, A. Caballero, R. Saiz, P. Martin Martorell, B. Bermejo, A. Lluch-Hernandez
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Enhancement of norfloxacin solubility via inclusion complexation with β-cyclodextrin and its derivative hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin
Authors: Gabriel Onn Kit Loh, Yvonne Tze Fung Tan, Kok-Khiang Peh
Journal: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2016)

The objectives of the study were to investigate the effects of β-cyclodextrin (βCD) and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) on the solubility and dissolution rate of norfloxacin prepared using three different methods, at drug to cyclodextrin weight ratios of 1:1, 1:2, 1:4 and 1:8. All the methods increased the solubility and dissolution rate of norfloxacin via inclusion complexation with βCD and HPβCD. Norfloxacin was converted from crystalline to amorphous form through inclusion complexation. Solvent evaporation method was the most effective method in terms of norfloxacin solubilisation, while inclusion complex of HPβCD has higher solubility than βCD complex when prepared using the same procedure.
Phase Ib/Ii Trial of C-Met Inhibitor Msc2156119J and Gefitinib Vs Chemotherapy As 2Nd-Line Treatment in Asian Patients with Met-Positive (Met+), Locally Advanced or Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (Nsclc) with Epidermal Growth Factor Mutation (Egfrm+) and Progression on Gefitinib
Authors: K. Park, Y. Wu, J. Yang, L. Xu, U. Stammberger, A. Johne
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Unscheduled DNA Synthesis Related to Transformation Grade of Human Urothelial Cells<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref>
Authors: Wojciech T. Bem, Britta Christensen
 5, Jorgen Kieler
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1987)

Unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) was studied by quantitative autoradiography in human urothelial cells of three transformation grades (TGr I-III). Cells incubated in arginine-free medium supplemented with hydroxyurea showed dose-dependent UDS after administration of agents injurious to DNA, while the scheduled synthesis of DNA was nearly totally suppressed. UDS was demonstrated after treatment with the ultimate carcinogen N-methyl-N-nitroso-N'-nitroguanidine (CAS: 70-25-7) or with the procarcinogen 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4-NQO; CAS: 56-57-5). In cultures treated with benzo[a]pyrene (CAS: 50-32-8), which requires a different activation system than that for 4-NQO, UDS was less pronounced. In 9 cell lines the average rates of UDS were inversely related to TGr. Two cell lines showed a different pattern.
Franco-British Disparities in Medicine
Authors: Colin Reisner, James Andrews
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1981)

A questionnaire in French and English was sent to physicians practising geriatric medicine in France and the UK concerning certain aspects of their clinical practice. It also enquired of the doctors their place of practice, year of qualification, present position held, and in which part of the respective country they worked. Most of the answers reflect major divergencies in methods of clinical practice between the two countries. These answers are reported, highlighted, commented on, and speculation made of the possible reasons for the differences. We feel that international questionnaires are a useful way of alerting doctors to areas of practice which are falsely assumed to be correct; they may also reveal the possible basic solutions to common clinical problems.
The utility of exhaled nitric oxide in patients with suspected asthma
Authors: M J Martin, E Wilson, W Gerrard-Tarpey, G Meakin, G Hearson, T M McKeever, D E Shaw, T W Harrison
Journal: Thorax (2016)

The value of FE<sub>NO</sub> measurements in patients with symptoms suggestive of asthma is unclear. We performed an observational study to assess the ability of FE<sub>NO</sub> to diagnose asthma and to predict response to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). Our findings suggest FE<sub>NO</sub> is not useful for asthma diagnosis but is accurate at predicting ICS response.
Feasibility of tailored exercise for improving sleep disruption in women with metastatic breast cancer
Authors: K. M. Mustian, J. Griggs, O. Palesh, G. Morrow
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

9129 Background: Women diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) live for months and years. Long-term effects of cancer and its treatment result in chronic symptoms, such as sleep disruption (SDN) that diminish quality of life (QOL). Exercise reduces SDN and minimizes QOL deficits in women with early stage breast cancer during adjuvant treatment, but the feasibility and efficacy of exercise for women with advanced disease is not well established. This phase I pilot study assessed the feasibility and efficacy of a tailored exercise intervention for reducing SDN in women with MBC. Methods: Women with MBC (N=12; mean age=50; disease-free interval 0–10yrs) participated in an 8-week, low to moderately intense, exercise intervention (3x's/wk). The program included flexibility, core stability, aerobic, and resistance training. Results: The intervention was safe, well-tolerated with no adverse events, and well-liked by patients and oncologists. The participants exercised an average of 3.5 days (SD=1.5) a week for 58 minutes (SD=12.9) per exercise session at a moderate intensity (RPE of 3.6; SD=1.2) during the 8-week intervention. Patients spent an average of 25 minutes (SD=7.8) in cardiovascular exercise, 21 minutes (SD=5.5) in resistance exercise, and 10 minutes (SD = 2.2) in flexibility and core stability exercise per exercise session. Paired t-tests showed statistically significant improvements in SDN (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) from baseline to week 4 (mean change=2.56; SE=.96; t 1,8 = 2.70, p ≤.05). SDN Also improved from baseline to week 8 (mean change=2.13; SE=1.22). Conclusion: Phase II and III randomized, controlled trials are warranted to substantiate the efficacy of this tailored exercise intervention for improving SDN and, ultimately, QOL and survival among women with MBC. Supported by Roche Biomedical and NCI grant 1R25CA102618 No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Modulation of LMNA splicing as a strategy to treat prelamin A diseases
Authors: John M. Lee, Chika Nobumori, Yiping Tu, Catherine Choi, Shao H. Yang, Hea-Jin Jung, Timothy A. Vickers, Frank Rigo, C. Frank Bennett, Stephen G. Young, Loren G. Fong
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2016)

The alternatively spliced products of LMNA, lamin C and prelamin A (the precursor to lamin A), are produced in similar amounts in most tissues and have largely redundant functions. This redundancy suggests that diseases, such as Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), that are caused by prelamin A-specific mutations could be treated by shifting the output of LMNA more toward lamin C. Here, we investigated mechanisms that regulate LMNA mRNA alternative splicing and assessed the feasibility of reducing prelamin A expression in vivo. We identified an exon 11 antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) that increased lamin C production at the expense of prelamin A when transfected into mouse and human fibroblasts. The same ASO also reduced the expression of progerin, the mutant prelamin A protein in HGPS, in fibroblasts derived from patients with HGPS. Mechanistic studies revealed that the exon 11 sequences contain binding sites for serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 2 (SRSF2), and SRSF2 knockdown lowered lamin A production in cells and in murine tissues. Moreover, administration of the exon 11 ASO reduced lamin A expression in wild-type mice and progerin expression in an HGPS mouse model. Together, these studies identify ASO-mediated reduction of prelamin A as a potential strategy to treat prelamin A-specific diseases.
Allogeneic T-cell clones able to selectively destroy Philadelphia chromosome-bearing (Ph1+) human leukemia lines can also recognize Ph1- cells from the same patient
Authors: KR Oettel, OH Wesly, MR Albertini, JA Hank, O Iliopolis, JA Sosman, K Voelkerding, SQ Wu, SS Clark, PM Sondel
Journal: Blood (1994)
Tuberculosis Among Temporary Visa Holders Working in the Tourism Industry — United States, 2012–2014
Authors: Meghan P. Weinberg, Cara Cherry, Julie Lipnitz, Linus Nienstadt, April King-Todd, Maryam B. Haddad, Michelle Russell, David Wong, Peter Davidson, Jevon McFadden, Corinne Miller
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2016)

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious bacterial disease of global concern. During 2013, an estimated nine million incident TB cases occurred worldwide (1). The majority (82%) were diagnosed in 22 countries, including South Africa and the Philippines, where annual incidence was 860 TB cases per 100,000 persons and 292 TB cases per 100,000 persons, respectively (1). The 2013 TB incidence in the United States was three cases per 100,000 persons (2). Under the Immigration and Nationality Act, TB screening is required for persons seeking permanent residence in the United States (i.e., immigrants and refugees), but it is not routinely required for nonimmigrants who are issued temporary visas for school or work (3). A portion of the U.S. tourism industry relies on temporary visa holders to accommodate seasonal and fluctuating demand for service personnel (4). This report describes three foreign-born persons holding temporary visas who had infectious TB while working at tourist destinations in the United States during 2012-2014. Multiple factors, including dormitory-style housing, transient work patterns, and diagnostic delays might have contributed to increased opportunity for TB transmission. Clinicians in seasonally driven tourist destinations should be aware of the potential for imported TB disease in foreign-born seasonal workers and promptly report suspected cases to health officials.
Hepatocarcinogenicity of Benzo[&lt;italic&gt;a&lt;/italic&gt;]pyrene to Rainbow Trout by Dietary Exposure and Intraperitoneal Injection&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: J D Hendricks, T R Meyers, D W Shelton, J L Casteel, G S Bailey
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

The influence of benzo[a]pyrene [(BP) CAS: 50-32-8] on the induction of certain enzymes within the hepatic mixed-function oxidase (MFO) system and its potential carcinogenicity were examined in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Nine-week feeding trials were performed with 500 and 1,000 ppm BP to determine trout tolerance to BP. Levels of MFO enzymes, including ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase (ECOD), benzo[a]pyrene monooxygenase (BPMO), and cytochrome P450 were measured during this time. An 18-month feeding trial of a 1,000-ppm BP dose was initiated in duplicate groups of 100 fingerling rainbow trout. Samples of trout were killed at 6, 12, and 18 months for gross and histologic examination of the internal organs for neoplasms. A group of fifty 10-month-old rainbow trout were given 12 monthly ip injections of 1 mg BP in 0.4 ml propylene glycol (PG), and comparable controls were given PG injections only. The trout were held for an additional 6 months, killed at age 28 months, and examined as in the dietary study. Mean MFO enzyme levels of EROD, ECOD, BPMO, and cytochrome P450 were significantly (P less than .001) elevated, showing dose- and time-response relationships when compared to MFO enzyme levels in control fish. Twelve months after BP exposure was initiated, 15% of the BP-fed fish had histologically confirmed neoplasms of the liver. After 18 months the incidence increased to 25%. No evidence of neoplasia was observed in control fish. BP injected ip resulted in a 50% incidence of hepatocellular neoplasms and in a fibrosarcoma of the liver and papillary adenomas of the swim bladder in 1 fish. These results indicate that BP is a potent inducer of selected hepatic MFO enzymes and establish, for the first time, the hepatocarcinogenicity of BP in an aquatic species.
NCCN Roundtable: Talking to Children About Cancer
Authors: Martha Aschenbrenner, Bruce Ham, Paula K. Rauch, Zoraida Sambolin, Maya Silver, Lillie D. Shockney
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2014)

A roundtable presentation at the NCCN 19th Annual Conference focused on the child's experience when a parent has cancer and concluded that honest communication, appropriate to the child's age and temperament, is essential, and that oncology providers should institute programs that help families deal with the illness.
Initiating Activity of Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Two-Stage Carcinogenesis<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref>
Authors: B. L. van Duuren, A. Sivak, B. M. Goldschmidt, C. Katz, S. Melchionne
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1970)

Compounds which are noncarcinogenic or weakly carcinogenic in most biological test systems have shown pronounced tumor-initiating activity on mouse skin. In these experiments, a single dose of the initiating agent was applied on mouse skin (ICR/Ha Swiss) followed by repeated application of phorbol myristate acetate for 1 year or longer. The classical “noncarcinogenic” aromatic hydrocarbon dibenz[a,c]anthracene, when tested in this manner, resulted in 25/70 mice with papillomas and 6/70 mice with squamous carcinoma of the skin after 1 year on test. When tested as an initiating agent, another weak carcinogen, benz[a]anthracene, also resulted in significant tumor yields: 10/20 mice with benign tumors. First tumors appeared at 51—74 days from the beginning of promoting treatment. The significance of these findings to tobacco carcinogenesis and other relevant aspects are discussed.
Clinical Importance of HIV Antigen and Anti-HIV Core Markers in Persons Infected with HIV
Authors: P N Lelie, H W Reesink, E Bakker, J G Huisman, J H ten Veen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

To establish whether HIV antigen and anti-HIV core are valuable serum markers that can be used as diagnostic tools sequential serum samples were tested that had been obtained from 15 male homosexuals at intervals of 1 to 3 months after the occurence of seroconversion.  The prevalence of HIV antigen and anti-HIV core was assertained in 3 groups of Dutch persons infected with HIV.  A discussion of follow-up studies concludes that it is possible that persons with persistently low levels of anti-p24 and HIV antigen after the occurrence of seroconversion are not at an increases risk of AIDS.  More important when tests were done for the seroprevalence of HIV antigen and anti-HIV core in groups of HIV-infected persons with and without clinical symptoms considerable numbers of patients were found with AIDS-related complex or AIDS (some of whom have died) who still had anti-HIV core and lacked HIV antigen.  In Africa the proportions of patients with AIDS positive for the anti-HIV core and negative for the HIV antigen have been found to be even higher than in this study.  Therefore it is believed that the clinical information obtained by routine testing for these markers is limited.  In fact a false sense of security may result when a seropositive person is positive for the anti-HIV core and negative for the HIV antigen.