tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Increased plasma renin and aldosterone in patients treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy for metastatic germ-cell tumors.
Authors: G J Bosl, S P Leitner, S A Atlas, J E Sealey, J J Preibisz, E Scheiner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1986)

Twenty-four normotensive males in complete remission (CR) for 9+ to 54+ months after cisplatin-based chemotherapy for metastatic germ-cell tumors were evaluated for evidence of alterations in the renin-aldosterone axis and renal function. Abnormally high ambulatory plasma renin activity was seen in 14 of 19 patients with 24-hour urine sodium excretion greater than 50 mEq. This was correlated with elevated ambulatory plasma aldosterone (P = .009) and 24-hour urinary aldosterone excretion (P = .01). The mean serum magnesium value (1.34 +/- .05 mEq/L) was subnormal. Therapy resulted in an increase in serum creatinine during treatment (P less than .0001), an increase in BUN (P less than .01), and decrease in serum phosphorus (P less than .001). The relationship between the alterations in the renin-aldosterone axis and abnormal renal tubular function remains to be determined. In view of reports of cardiovascular toxicity after treatment for germ-cell tumors, and evidence individually linking both magnesium deficiency and increased plasma renin activity (PRA) to cardiovascular consequences, these abnormalities in renin and magnesium metabolism suggest that patients treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy should be carefully observed for the development of delayed cardiovascular toxicities.
Red cell distribution wide (RDW) as severity biomarker in patients with community-adquired pneumonia (CAP)
Authors: Sergio Fandos, Elisa Minchole, Ana Simon, Carolina Panadero, Ana Lasierra, Guillermo Hernandez, Carlos Lapresta, Salvador Bello
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

INTRODUCCTION

Some biomarkers as Proadrenomedullin (proADM), alone or with severity scores, have showed their usefulness for assessing severity of community acquired pneumonia (CAP). Red cell distribution width (RDW) has been proposed as prognostic mortality factor.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

We conducted a prospective study of 282 immunocompetent adult patients admitted to hospital with a diagnosis of CAP, and correlated their PSI score and proADM levels with their RDW ad admittance.

RESULTS

RDW showed a weak linear correlation, but highly significant with both PSI (CC: 0,442, p<0.001) and proADM (CC:0,346, p<0.001). The lineal regression coefficient of DRW with PSI score was as well significant (p<0.001).

![Figure][1] 



![Figure][1] 



CONCLUSION

Like as proADM, RDW seems is a good predictor of severity of CAP at the time of admission. Unlike biomarkers usually studied, it is a cheep, rapid and widely available test, and deserves a further research.

 [1]: pending:yes
Patients' knowledge about inhalation therapy in pulmology – One year after intervention
Authors: Ljudmila Nagorni-Obradovic, Dragica Pesut, Dejana Vukovic, Jovana Maskovic
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  Inhalation therapy (IT) is important in successful treatment in pulmonology.   Aim:  To compare the knowledge about IT in patients (Pts) with asthma or COPD, before and one year after the education was given.   Method:  In January 2010 and January 2011, we used anonymous self created six-item questionnaire to interview the same group of 56 Pts who were treated with IT at University hospital (average age 56±12 years). We used McNemar test for statistical analysis.   Results:  The number and proportion of Pts with correct technique or positive answers is shown in Table where p   Conclusions:  One year after education, the Pts significantly corrected their technique of using IT and their misconception about using IT only in severe degree of disease is decreased. Although improved, the knowledge related to the other items requires further patients9 education.
Phase II study with Docetaxel (Taxotere®) in advanced soft tissue sarcomas of the adult
Authors: Q G van Hoesel, J Verweij, G Catimel, M Clavel, P Kerbrat, A T van Oosterom, J Kerger, T Tursz, M van Glabbeke, C van Pottelsberghe
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1994)
Cost-Sharing Obligations, High-Deductible Health Plan Growth, and Shopping for Health Care
Authors: Anna D. Sinaiko, Ateev Mehrotra, Neeraj Sood
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

fractures. 5,6Another tool for identifying high-risk individuals is vertebral fracture assessment, a newer technology that assesses for fractures during DXA via lateral spinal views. 7 Most vertebral fractures are asymptomatic, but even an asymptomatic, nontraumatic vertebral fracture incurs a markedly increased risk of future vertebral and hip fracture.Thus, pharmacotherapy is recommended regardless of BMD.In conclusion, DXA reporting of T scores at nondiagnostic sites can result in confusion and potentially inappropriate use of antiosteoporosis medications.The T scores determined at the appropriate sites (ie, femoral neck, total hip, and total PA lumbar spine), combined with clinical risk factors (eg, prior fracture), should be used in the evaluation for skeletal fragility and in decision making about lifestyle and pharmacologic interventions.
Increased “Pregnancy-Specific” Beta&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;-Glycoprotein in Certain Nonseminomatous Germ Cell Tumors
Authors: Saul W. Rosen, Ph.D., M.D., Nasser Javadpour, M.D., Ida Calvert, B.S., Janina Kaminska, Ph.D.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

Schwangerschafts (pregnancy) protein No. 1 (SP1), a recently identified beta1-glycoprotein that occurs during pregnancy, was assayed in the sera of 97 men with germ cell tumors of the testis. SP1 was elevated at 11-440 ng/ml in 3 of 6 men with choriocarcinomas, in 5 of 17 men with teratomas or "teratocarcinomas" (embryonal carcinomas and teratomas), and in 5 of 50 men with embryonal carcinomas; the highest value in 143 patients with nonmalignant diseases was 9.1 ng/ml. None of 24 sera from men with seminomas and none of 5 sera from men with orchitis had elevated SP1. In the 1 patient examined, testicular choriocarcinoma SP1 had immunochemical and gel chromatographic properties similar to those of highly purified SP1 of placental origin.
Analysis of treatment results in craniopharyngioma.
Authors: B E Amendola, S S Gebarski, A G Bermudez
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1985)

A retrospective study of 30 patients treated primarily with surgery for craniopharyngioma between 1965 and 1980 was conducted. There were 13 children and 17 adults in this series. Apparent total surgical removal was obtained in six children and eight adults; the remaining patients had subtotal resection. Radiation therapy was used for salvage in five patients and after complete cyst removal in one. The ten-year survival rate was 80% in children and 30% in adults. The five-year survival was ten of 11 patients with childhood craniopharyngioma and seven (41%) of 17 patients in the adult group. Seven of 13 patients in the childhood group experienced surgically documented recurrence after first surgery. Seven of 17 patients recurred after first surgery in the adult group. Four died of operative complications. Morbidity demonstrated by quality of survival was high in these patients.
Erratum: The ubiquitin-modifying enzyme A20 restricts ubiquitination of the kinase RIPK3 and protects cells from necroptosis
Authors: Michio Onizawa, Shigeru Oshima, Ulf Schulze-Topphoff, Juan A Oses-Prieto, Timothy Lu, Rita Tavares, Thomas Prodhomme, Bao Duong, Michael I Whang, Rommel Advincula, Alex Agelidis, Julio Barrera, Hao Wu, Alma Burlingame, Barbara A Malynn, Scott S Zamvil, Averil Ma
Journal: Nature Immunology (2015)
Growth Factor Usage Patterns and Outcomes in the Community Setting: Collection Through a Practice-Based Computerized Clinical Information System
Authors: Grant Swanson, Kim Bergstrom, Eva Stump, Tammi Miyahara, E.T. Herfindal
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2000)

PURPOSE: Although use of colony-stimulating factor (CSF) is widespread and guidelines for use have been disseminated, actual practice patterns of medical oncologists are unknown. The purpose of this study was to collect these data using an office-based computerized clinical information system. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Data were collected on patients at 10 community-based oncology practices. Information regarding CSF use was captured at the time of prescribing through a computerized clinical support tool and stored in a data warehouse, and an analysis was carried out retrospectively. RESULTS: A total of 6,813 cancer regimens administered to 5,034 patients were evaluated for growth factor use. Overall, CSFs were used in 14% of regimens, with breast, lymphoma, lung, and ovarian being the most common cancers for which CSFs were used. In 49.4% of regimens, CSF was initiated during cycle 1, with an average duration of 1 week, and was used in two or three cycles per regimen. Afebrile neutropenia is rarely followed by CSF initiation. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is associated with fewer dose adjustments, delays, and hospitalizations when compared with granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). There is wide variation among oncologists in CSF use, and several substantial differences were noted between the prescribing behavior of American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) survey–reported oncologists and actual clinical practice, as captured by the computerized clinical information system. CONCLUSION: Computerized clinical information systems can collect detailed information regarding practice patterns of medical oncologists. ASCO physician practice survey data do not accurately reflect actual practice patterns and must be interpreted with caution. Substantial deviations from ASCO growth factor guidelines remain, and oncologists’ use of CSFs demonstrates wide variation. There may be important clinical differences between G-CSF and GM-CSF, but definitive phase III trials are needed for confirmation.
Effect of paclitaxel-carboplatin (PC) consolidation chemotherapy after weekly PC concurrent chemo-radiotherapy (CCR) for patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC): 3-year definitive results of the B001-phase III GERCOR-study
Authors: P. Colin, N. Jovenin, G. Ganem, J. Duhamel, J. Oster, F. Guichard, J. Cretin, P. Terrioux, J. Brechot, J. Morere
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

7112 Background: Local control rate of LA-NSCLC seems better after concurrent CCR than after sequential schedule; the role of additional chemotherapy is not clearly defined. A multi-institutional phase-III trial was conducted to evaluate the role of chemotherapy consolidation after CCR Methods: Eligibility criteria included mediastinoscopy-controlled unresectable NSCLC stage IIIA (27%) - IIIB (59%) and inoperable mediastinal recurrence after surgery (14%), PS &lt; 3, clinical target volume compatible with a minimal 60 Gy dose radiation. After registration, patients (pts) were treated with combination of weekly P (45 mg/m 2 ), C (AUC 2), and radiotherapy 60–66 Gy (5 × 2 Gy per week). The pts with response or stable disease were randomized either to receive 3 cycles of P (175 mg/m 2 ) and C (AUC 5) consolidation on days 1–22–43 or observation. Primary endpoint was OS (log-rank test), planned sample was 122 pts. Results: Actually, 71 pts were enrolled. Thirty pts (42%) were not randomized because of progression (22%) and disease-related death (22%), toxicity (26%), refusal (9%), protocol violation (21%). Toxicity grade 3–4 per patient: for the PC-TRT sequence; neutropenia 5%, febrile neutropenia 5%, thrombopenia 5%, pneumonitis 5%, oesophagitis 19%. For the PC consolidation sequence; neutropenia 24%, febrile neutropenia 6%, thrombopenia 0% (no treatment-related death). After a minimal follow-up of 3 years, despite poor inclusion rate, OS and PFS were greater in the PC consolidation group with 3-year OS: 29.9% vs 10% (HR = 0.45; CI 0.95: 0.22–0.91) (p = 0.002) and 3-year PFS: 27.8% vs 10% (HR = 0.6; CI 0.95: 0.3–1.3) (p = 0.17). Nine pts developed metastasis in each treatment arm. Conclusions: The addition of PC consolidation to PC-CCR is not easily feasible for all LA-NSCLC. For selected pts (only 58% of pts in this trial), despite premature ending of the trial because of slow accrual, PC consolidation significantly improved the 3-year OS and probably PFS. Because no difference in the metastatic incidence was observed, the effect of chemotherapy dosage in the consolidation arm could be explained by delaying metastasis. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Strategies to overcoming rituximab-chemotherapy resistance by targeting the autophagy pathway using bortezomib in combination with the Bcl-2 inhibitor obatoclax in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL)
Authors: F. J. Hernandez-Ilizaliturri, S. Khubchandani, S. H. Olejniczak, P. Hoskin, M. S. Czuczman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

8543 We found that repeated rituximab exposure leads to deregulation of Bcl-2 proteins and concomitant chemotherapy resistance. We demonstrated that obatoclax (O), a potent Bcl-2 inhibitor, enhanced the anti-tumor activity of rituximab or chemotherapy agents. The proteasome is known to regulate Bcl-2 family members expression. In the current work we study the interactions between bortezomib (B) and O against B-cell NHL. Studies were conducted in rituximab sensitive (RSCL) and resistant cell lines (RRCL), as well as in malignant B-cells derived from patients with NHL (n = 20). Cells were exposed in vitro to escalating doses of O with/without B. Cell death was determined by the Cell glow luminescent assay and DNA synthesis by [ 3 H]-Thymidine incorporation. To further study the mechanisms of O and/or B action, RSCL or RRCL were exposed to O or B with or without caspase inhibitors; viability was evaluated as above and apoptosis by flow cytometry and PARP cleavage. Autophagy was detected by LC3 conversion and electron microscopy (EM). Changes in p53 or BH3 domain proteins were evaluated by Western blot. To determine the role of p53 and/or autophagy in O or B activity, SiRNA assays were performed. O or B monotherapy induced time- and dose-dependent cell death of all cells tested. In vitro exposure of RRCL, RSCL and lymphoma specimens to O and B resulted in significant synergistic activity. In vitro exposure of NHL cells to O lead to p53 degradation and Noxa or PUMA induction; while exposure to B resulted in Bax upregulation and Mcl-1 downregulation. The ability of O or B to induce PARP cleavage varied between patient samples and was not observed in RRCL. Inhibition of caspase activity did not affect the ability of O or B to kill NHL cells. Induction of autophagy was detected by LC3 conversion and EM not only in RSCL or RRCL but also in patient-derived tumor cells. Additionally, cell death induced by O could be inhibited by knock-down of Beclin-1 or p53. Our data suggest that O and B have a dual mechanism of action. We also provide data suggesting that both p53 and Beclin-1 have a pivotal role in response to O. Our findings strongly suggest that O added to B may result in a novel and potent therapeutic strategy against aggressive NHL. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Life Expectancy of American Men in Relation to Their Smoking Habits&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: E. Cuyler Hammond, Sc.D.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1969)

1) Death rates were studied in relation to the smoking habits of 447,196 men born between 1868 and 1927 and still living on July 1, 1960. During a 5-year period (July 1, 1960, through June 30, 1965), 39,178 of the men died. Their death rates were lower than those shown in the 1959–61 U.S. white male life table because, at the time of selection, men too ill to answer a questionnaire and men in long-term care institutions were excluded, and men in the lowest socioeconomic groups were underrepresented in the study population. 2) Life tables were constructed for men such as those included in the study. The estimated mean length of life remaining at age 35 was 42.4 years for men who never smoked regularly, 37.8 for those who smoked 1–9 cigarettes a day, 37.1 years for those who smoked 10–19, 36.5 years for those who smoked 20–39, and 34.7 years for those who smoked 40+. It was 38.8 years for cigarette smokers who began when they were between 25 and 34 years old, 37.7 years for those who began between 20 and 24 years of age, 36.0 for those who began between the ages of 15 and 19, and 34.6 years for those who began before the age of 15. 3) By making adjustments described in the text, we constructed life tables by smoking habits for all U.S. white men starting at age 35. Similarly, we constructed life tables for all U.S. men starting at age 25. These tables are shown in the text.
ATP感受性心房性頻脈(Iesaka AT)におけるリエントリー回路の分布
Authors: Goya Masahiko, Hiroshima Kenichi, Shimoike Eimei, Soga Yoshimitsu, Ando Kenji, Yasumoto Hitoshi, Nosaka Hideyuki, Nobuyoshi Masakiyo
Journal: Circulation (2008)
Relationship between Russian roulette deaths and risk-taking behavior: a controlled study
Authors: D A Fishbain, J R Fletcher, T E Aldrich, J H Davis
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1987)

A review of medical examiner records yielded data on 19 men and one woman who died playing Russian roulette. The men differed significantly from 95 male suicide victims who died of gunshot wounds to the head on several variables including age, race, ethnicity, religion, citizenship, marital status, living situation, health, and the likelihood of the death being witnessed. The Russian roulette victims were significantly less likely to die in the bedroom, die in the morning, leave a suicide note, and be depressed but were significantly more likely to have alcohol or drugs in their body fluids and to have a previous history of drug and alcohol abuse.
Sustained hemodynamic effects of an infusion of nesiritide (human b-type natriuretic peptide) in heart failure
Authors: Roger M. Mills, Thierry H. LeJemtel, Darlene P. Horton, Chang-seng Liang, Roberto Lang, Marc A. Silver, Charles Lui, Kanu Chatterjee
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1999)
Strontium ranelate reduces the risk of vertebral fractures in osteoporotic postmenopausal women whatever the baseline vertebral fractures status
Authors: Christian Roux, P. Fardellone, Jacques Fechtenbaum, Sami Kolta, H. Kruse, A. Sawicki, K. Hoszowski, J. M. Padrino, H. Sorensen, Jean-Yves Reginster, Pierre Meunier
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2005)
A phase I dose escalation study of selenomethionine (SLM) in combination with fixed dose irinotecan (Iri) in patients with solid tumors
Authors: Y. Rustum, L. Pendyala, P. Creaven, M. Ross, W. Brady, V. Badmaev, J. Prey, M. G. Fakih
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

2574 Background: SLM reduces Iri toxicity in xenograft models at associated selenium (Se) concentrations (Con) = 15μM. We conducted a phase I clinical trial of a fixed dose Iri with escalating doses of SLM in order to identify the highest safe dose of SLM that achieves and maintains Se Conc &gt; 15μM. Methods: A standard 3–3 escalation was conducted. Iri was given at 125mg/m 2 /week x 4 weeks every 6 weeks. SLM was started 1 week prior to 1 st dose of Iri. A loading BID dose of SLM was given for 1 week, followed by a daily maintenance dose. Selenium trough levels were obtained on days 8 and 29 of the study (days 1 and 22 irinotecan) and once every 6 week-cycle. Seven dose-levels of SLM were investigated (loading/maintenance, in mcg): 3,200/2,800, 3,200/3,200, 4,000/3,200, 4,000/4,000, 4,800/4,800, 5,600/5,600, and 7,200/7,200. Results: 31 patients enrolled on this study: age (median 57, range 21–80), Male/Female 21/10, ECOG 0/1 (15/16), 31 with prior chemotherapy, 12 with prior radiation, 22 colorectal and 9 mixed solids. Dose escalation was successful up to dose level 7 (7,200mcg SLM PO BID × 1 week followed by 7,200mcg SLM PO QD), which was declared the recommended dose. 2 Dose limiting toxicities occurred on study: one DLT of Grade (G) 3 febrile neutropenia, G3 sepsis, G3 dehydration occurred on dose-level 1; one DLT of G3 febrile neutropenia, dehydration occurred on dose-level 7. Both DLT occurred in a setting of partial small bowel obstruction related to peritoneal carcinomatosis. Non-DLT = G3 treatment-related toxicities included: 3 G3 neutropenia (&lt; 1 week) at DL2, 3 &amp; 7; 2 G3 diarrhea lasting &lt; 48 hours on DL5 &amp; 7. A lower incidence of G2+ toxicities was noted in patients with higher Se Conc (86% for Se &lt; 15; 67% for Se 15–20; 57% for Se&gt; 20 μM). Toxicities related to SLM were limited to garlic-like smell to breath, sweat, and urine in few patients. Responses included 7 confirmed stable diseases and 2 confirmed partial responses. A Se Con &gt; 15 μM was achieved at all SLM dose levels of 4,800 mcg and above. Conclusions: Doses of SLM up to 7,200 mcg BID × 7 days followed by 7,200 mcg QD can be administered safely with standard doses of Iri. Formal phase II and III studies are needed to determine if SLM reduces Iri toxicity. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Assessing the effect of toxicity on prognosis: methods of analysis and interpretation.
Authors: K J Propert, J R Anderson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1988)

There has recently been an increased interest in and reporting of the association between toxicity and treatment outcome in cancer clinical trials. Such comparisons may be used to suggest mechanisms by which cytotoxic agents function in the cancer patient, especially regarding the importance of the effect of dose on the individual patient. However, analyses of "time-to-failure" outcomes such as survival by toxicity are subject to bias due to the time-dependence of both the predictor and outcome variables. In addition, interpretation of even appropriately conducted statistical analyses is problematic, as with analyses of survival by outcome variables such as response. The use of statistical methodology designed to avoid such biases in these comparisons is shown and the problems in the interpretation of results are discussed.