tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Primary endocrine therapy for early operable primary breast cancer in elderly women: Survival analysis of a large series from a single institution.
Authors: W. Al-Khyatt, B. M. Syed, D. A. Morgan, A. R. Green, I. O. Ellis, K. Cheung
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

573 Background: A recent Cochrane review of seven randomized trials involving 1,446 elderly women (unselected for estrogen receptor [ER] status) has shown no significant difference in overall survival between surgery (± adjuvant tamoxifen) and primary endocrine therapy (PET) using tamoxifen. We report the survival analysis of using PET in a single center with a dedicated elderly breast cancer service, with long-term follow-up. Methods: Over a 20-year period, 517 elderly (>70 years) women with ER-positive (histochemical [H]-score ≥ 50 out of a maximum of 300) early operable primary breast cancer were treated with PET (>80% using tamoxifen), due to patient choice or being unfit for surgery. Analysis was carried out for breast-cancer-specific survival according to clinical response status at 6 months (clinical benefit [CB = objective response + stable disease] versus progressive disease [PD] according to UICC criteria) and the degree of ER positivity as measured by H-score. Results: 1) Five-year breast specific survival was significantly higher in the group who achieved CB when compared to those with PD (88.7% versus 45.5%; P < 0.001). 2) Regardless of the clinical response status patients with tumors having an H-score ≥250 had better 5-year breast-cancer-specific survival when compared to their counterparts with H-score < 250 (95.6% versus 85%; p = 0.02). (3) A significant correlation between H-score and clinical response at 6 months was also seen, with more patients with tumour having an H-score ≥250 achieving CB (p = 0.033) (Table). Conclusions: Elderly patients receiving PET for ER positive early operable primary breast cancer appear to have better outcome in terms of breast-cancer- specific survival if CB can be achieved at 6 months. A stronger ER positivity (as indicated by an H-score ≥250), available pretreatment, also appears to be an excellent surrogate marker for clinical response and survival outcome. Correlation between H-score and clinical response at 6 months* Response at 6 months H-score CB PD Total < 250 369 11 380 ≥ 250 137 0 137 Total 506 11 517 * p= 0.033 No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and gefitinib (G) in stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): A CALGB stratified phase II trial
Authors: N. Ready, P. Janne, J. Herndon, J. Bogart, J. Crawford, M. Edelman, X. Wang, L. Gu, M. R. Green, E. E. Vokes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

7046 Background: G is a small molecule inhibitor of EGFR with activity in advanced NSCLC and preclinical evidence of being a radiosenitizer. Methods: Patients with stage III NSCLC were assigned to stratum 1 (PS 0–1&gt;5% weight loss and/or PS 2) or stratum 2 (PS 0–1weight loss &lt; 5%). Both strata received induction paclitaxel (P) 200 mg/m 2 and carboplatin (C) AUC of 6 IV every three weeks for 2 cycles plus G 250 mg PO/day. G was removed 4/05 from induction therapy as stage IV studies showed no benefit from adding G to P and C. Stratum 1 then received RT 200 cGy for 33 fractions (total dose 6,600 cGy) and G 250 mg PO /day. Stratum 2 received the same RT with concurrent G 250 mg/day, and P 50 mg/m 2 plus C AUC of 2 weekly for 7 doses. Maintenance G was started after all toxicities were grade ≤2. Results: Activation was 5/02 and administrative closure 5/04 due to results from SWOG S0023. 64 patients were accrued and 59 (20 stratum 1, 39 stratum 2) were eligible and analyzed: median age 67, male 74%, adeno 30%, squamous 45%, other 25%, IIIA 51%, IIIB 49%. There was no clear increase for acute high-grade infield toxicities compared to CRT alone (reported PASCO 2004). Best response for stratum 1 was PR 29% for induction (RR 29%, 95% CI 10%-56%) and CR 5%, PR 45% full treatment (RR 50%, 95% CI 27%-73%); for stratum 2 PR 13% for induction (RR 13%, 95% CI 3%-34%) and CR 5%, PR 76% full treatment (RR 81%, 95% CI 65%-92%). Stratum 1 “poor risk” median failure free survival (FFS) was 11.5 months (95% CI 5.6–21.2), one year survival 60% (95% CI 33%-79%) and median overall survival (OS) 19.0 months (95% CI 7.2–21.2). Stratum 2 “good risk” median FFS was 9.2 months (95% CI 6.7–12.0), one year survival 47% (95% CI 30%–63%) and median OS was 12.0 months (95% CI 8.5–18.6). EGFR and Ras mutation analysis on tumor biopsies (n = 50) will be presented. Conclusions: Small sample size prevented planned data analysis. Survival of “good risk” patients on stratum 2 (CRT + G) was disappointing. The promising survival of the small number of “poor risk” patients on stratum 1 (RT + G) justifies a follow-up phase II trial of induction chemotherapy followed by RT with a concurrent small molecule EGFR inhibitor. [Table: see text]
Mass Spectrometry–Based Metabolomics Identifies Longitudinal Urinary Metabolite Profiles Predictive of Radiation-Induced Cancer
Authors: John A. Cook, Gadisetti V.R. Chandramouli, Miriam R. Anver, Anastasia L. Sowers, Angela Thetford, Kristopher W. Krausz, Frank J. Gonzalez, James B. Mitchell, Andrew D. Patterson
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Nonlethal exposure to ionizing radiation (IR) is a public concern due to its known carcinogenic effects. Although latency periods for IR-induced neoplasms are relatively long, the ability to detect cancer as early as possible is highly advantageous for effective therapeutic intervention. Therefore, we hypothesized that metabolites in the urine from mice exposed to total body radiation (TBI) would predict for the presence of cancer before a palpable mass was detected. In this study, we exposed mice to 0 or 5.4 Gy TBI, collected urine samples periodically over 1 year, and assayed urine metabolites by using mass spectrometry. Longitudinal data analysis within the first year post-TBI revealed that cancers, including hematopoietic, solid, and benign neoplasms, could be distinguished by unique urinary signatures as early as 3 months post-TBI. Furthermore, a distinction among different types of malignancies could be clearly delineated as early as 3 months post-TBI for hematopoietic neoplasms, 6 months for solid neoplasms, and by 1 year for benign neoplasms. Moreover, the feature profile for radiation-exposed mice 6 months post-TBI was found to be similar to nonirradiated control mice at 18 months, suggesting that TBI accelerates aging. These results demonstrate that urine feature profiles following TBI can identify cancers in mice prior to macroscopic detection, with important implications for the early diagnosis and treatment.
WITHDRAWN: Engineering of lipid-polymer nanoarchitectural platform for highly effective combination therapy of doxorubicin and irinotecan
Authors: Yong Joo Choi, Ramasamya Thiruganesh, Ruttala Hima Bindu, Raj Kumar Thapa, Dong Shik Kim, Han-Gon Choi, Jee-Heon Jeong, Chul Soon Yong, Jong Oh Kim
Journal: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2015)

This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy.
Burden of Disease and Clinical Responses in Low and Intermediate-1 Risk Myelofibrosis Patients Treated with Ruxolitinib
Authors: Ahmad Zarzour, Ali Tabarroki, Valeria Visconte, Rokana Taftaf, Heesun J. Rogers, Jing Ai, Nikolaos Papadantonakis, Alan E. Lichtin, Yogen Saunthararajah, Brady L Stein, Ramon V. Tiu
Journal: Blood (2014)
Erythropoietin stimulating agents do not significantly improve quality of life in chronic kidney disease, study finds
Authors: Michael McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Treating chronic kidney disease more intensively with erythropoietin stimulating agents (ESAs) to achieve higher haemoglobin levels did not improve patients’ quality of life, a meta-analysis published in the Annals of Internal Medicine has shown.1

ESAs are often used to raise haemoglobin levels in patients with chronic kidney disease, but optimal haemoglobin levels are debated, particularly because of …
Ifosfamide and trofosfamide for intraocular lymphoma
Authors: K. Jahnke, A. Korfel, T. Wagner, N. E. Bechrakis, S. E. Coupland, L. Fischer, M. H. Foerster, E. Thiel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

1529 Background: The prognosis of intraocular lymphoma (IOL) is poor, and the optimal treatment has not yet been defined. Methods: We evaluated the efficacy and aqueous penetration of intravenous ifosfamide (IFO) and oral trofosfamide (TRO) and their active 4-hydroxy (4-OH) metabolites after administering one or the other substance in four IOL patients each. The doses varied between 1,500 and 2000 mg/m2/day for IFO (days 1–3) and 150 and 400 mg/day (continuous or intermittent administration) for TRO. The disease was newly diagnosed in two patients and had relapsed after pretreatment in six. Two patients had a further relapse, one after IFO and the other after TRO, and were both retreated with IFO. Results: Regular follow-up ophthalmoscopy showed that all patients with active disease responded (complete or partial remission) to the first treatment with IFO or TRO, and one patient responded to retreatment with IFO. Progression-free survival after the first treatment with IFO or TRO was 1+ to 18 months. No major therapy-related side effects were noted. The aqueous concentration of 4-OH metabolites was 0.71–1.56 μM immediately after IFO infusion with an aqueous/serum ratio of 0.19–0.54 in all patients. Three to 16 hours after ingestion of TRO, 4-OH metabolites were only detectable at a concentration of 7.2 μM in one patient (Table). Conclusions: IFO and TRO are active in IOL with a very favorable side-effect profile. IOL patients evidence aqueous penetration of 4-OH metabolites after intravenous administration of IFO. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Correlation of cyclin E expression with manganese superoxide dismutase expression and prediction of survival in early breast cancer patients receiving epirubicin-based adjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: A. Camerini, D. Amoroso, A. Capodanno, C. Graziani, S. Ricci, G. Bevilacqua, B. Faraglia, A. Cittadini, P. Collecchi, A. Sgambato
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

600 Background: Cyclin E (CycE) overexpression is associated with manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) overexpression and resistance to doxorubicin in rat fibroblasts. Methods: We analysed the expression of Cyclin E and MnSOD in 134 (median age 56 yrs; range 32–77) early breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy regimen containing epirubicin. Seventy (52.2%) relapsed and 32 (23.9%) died during a median follow-up of 72 (range 21–122) months. We correlated the expression of Cyclin E with MnSOD, pathologic parameters and survival. Cyclin E and MnSOD were determined by IHC. The median values of expression of each parameter were used as cut- off. Results: Cyclin E was overexpressed in 46 (34.3%) and MnSOD in 56 (41.8%) pts. CycE expression well correlates with MnSOD both in total population (r = 0.46; p = 0.009), relapsed (r = 0.50; p = 0.01) and died pts (r = 0.57; p = 0.008). Mean CycE levels were higher in relapsed than in not-relapsed (14.6 ± 22.1% vs 6.6 ± 9.9%, p = 0.048) and in died than alive pts (18 ± 23.6% vs 6 ± 9.4%; p = 0.02). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrates a significant separation between high vs low CycE expression levels in overall survival (OS) (p = 0.038 by log-rank). No significant relation with survival was observed for MnSOD. At multivariate analysis CycE fails to demonstrate an independent prognostic value kept only by node status. Conclusions: Our data seem to confirm preclinical evidences. CycE overexpression is associated with higher MnSOD expression levels and shorter OS. CycE evaluation may identify pts more likely to relapse and die when treated with adjuvant epirubicin. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome-related Kaposi's sarcoma.
Authors: S E Krown
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1991)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1991.9.12.2235 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 1960565 Acquired immune deficiency syndrome-related Kaposi's sarcoma. S E KrownxS E KrownSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1991.9.12.2235 First Page PDF © 1991 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Abstract P436: Trait Anxiety and Anger Do Not Predict Incident Type 2 Diabetes Independent of Depression: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Sherley Abraham, Ana Diez Roux, Felicia Hill-Briggs, Teresa Seeman, Moyses Szklo, Pamela J Schreiner, Sherita H Golden
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction: Prior studies have shown a bidirectional association between depression and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); however, the prospective association of anxiety and anger with T2DM is not established. We hypothesized that trait anxiety and anger would predict incident T2DM, independent of depressive symptoms, in a multi-ethnic cohort. Methods: In the Multi-ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), we prospectively examined the association of trait anxiety and trait anger (assessed via the Spielberger Trait Anxiety and Trait Anger Scales, respectively) with incident T2DM over 7 years in 5,941 White, Black, Hispanic, and Chinese participants (53.6% women, mean age 61.8 years) at baseline without prevalent T2DM or cardiovascular disease. We used multivariable logistical regression models to calculate the odds ratios (OR) of incident T2DM by anxiety quartile and anger category (low, medium, high). Results: In the minimally adjusted model, compared to quartile 1, the OR for incident T2DM were 1.25 and 1.38 for trait anxiety quartiles 3 and 4, respectively and the OR for incident T2DM was 1.50 for those with high trait anger compared to low trait anger (Table). In both models, these associations were attenuated and became non-significant following additional adjustment for depressive symptoms (modeled as continuous Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression score) and antidepressants. Additional adjustment for socioeconomic, behavioral, metabolic, and inflammatory factors did not change either association (Table). Conclusion: Higher trait anxiety and anger were associated with incident T2DM; however, these associations appeared to be explained by the presence of depressive symptoms and socioeconomic status. These data suggest that the emotional traits of anxiety and anger may impact T2DM risk due to their symptoms overlap with depression.
The study of tamoxifen and raloxifene (STAR): First report of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) from the NSABP P-2 Breast Cancer Prevention Study
Authors: P. A. Ganz, S. R. Land, D. L. Wickerham, M. Lee, M. Ritter, V. Vogel, E. Pajon, J. L. Wade, J. P. Costantino, N. Wolmark
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

LBA561 Background: STAR is a double-blind, randomized phase III prevention trial designed to evaluate the relative efficacy of raloxifene (R) compared to tamoxifen (T) in reducing the incidence of invasive breast cancer in high-risk postmenopausal women. In addition to standard safety monitoring, PROs were measured for quality of life (QOL) and symptoms (SXs). Methods: QOL was measured with the MOS SF-36, the CES-D, and the MOS Sexual Activity Questionnaire. SXs were measured using a modified checklist (SCL) from the NSABP P-1 BCPT. Primary endpoints were the SF-36 physical (PCS) and mental (MCS) component scales. A sample size of 1,670 provided statistical power of at least 0.8 (two-tailed test, alpha = .05). The QOL study was open to accrual at selected sites between 1/4/2000 and 5/31/2001, with questionnaires administered at baseline (pre-treatment), q 6 mos until 60 mos, and at 72 mos. SCL data were collected on all STAR participants. Longitudinal analyses used mixed effects modeling for the PCS, MCS, CES-D, and regression analyses were used to compare the average severity of SCL scores between T and R. Results: 19,747 participants enrolled in STAR and were eligible for the SCL assessment, with median follow-up time (mFU) 4.6 yrs. The QOL study enrolled 1,983 participants, 973 assigned to T and 1,010 assigned to R, mFU 5.4 yrs. QOL participants were comparable to women accrued concurrently at non-participating institutions. SCL and QOL forms compliance was high (with a low of 75% at 4.5 yrs for SCL and 74% for QOL). Mean PCS and MCS scores declined modestly over the 60 mos on study, with no significant difference between T and R. Mean CES-D scores worsened slightly on study, but with no significant difference between T and R. However, statistically significant differences (all p’s &lt; .002) were noted between the T and R for severity of SXs, with R women reporting greater musculoskeletal problems, dyspareunia and weight gain and T women reporting greater vasomotor symptoms, leg cramps, bladder and gynecological problems. Conclusions: There were no significant differences between T and R in PROs for physical &amp; mental health or depresson. While SX severity was generally low in this postmenopausal sample, the pattern of SXs differed between T and R. [Table: see text]
Abstract P172: Attributable risks of hypertension and diabetes for stroke, myocardial infarction and vascular death in the Northern Manhattan Study
Authors: Joshua Willey, Emily Khan, Sandino Cespedes, Yeseon P Moon, Tatjana Rundek, Ken Cheung, Ralph L Sacco, Mitchell S Elkind
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Objective: To determine the attributable risks (AR) for vascular events (VE: stroke, myocardial infarction, and vascular death) due to hypertension and diabetes by race/ethnicity, sex and age. Background: Understanding the distribution of risk factors and their contribution to disease incidence is critical for effective allocation of resources for disease prevention. There is little data on the relative contribution of vascular risk factors among multiethnic elderly populations. Methods: The Northern Manhattan Study is a population-based prospective cohort study of incidence, risk factors, and outcomes in a multiethnic urban population. Multi-variable Cox models adjusted for socio-demographic and vascular risk factors were used to calculate hazard ratios, AR and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for (1) all stroke and (2) VE. Results: The cohort (n=3,298) had mean age 69.2+/-10 years with 63% women, 52% Hispanic, 73% hypertensive and 21% diabetics. There were 347 strokes and 835 VE during a median follow-up of 12 years. The AR due to hypertension was 30% (95%CI 13-48%) for stroke and 24% (95%CI 13-35%) for VE; AR due to diabetes was 19% (95%CI 12-27%) for stroke and 13% (95%CI 8-17%) for VE.The AR for stroke from hypertension differed by age and race-ethnicity (table), while for diabetes it only differed by age. For VE, the AR of hypertension and diabetes did not differ by age, sex, or race-ethnicity. Conclusions: On a population level diabetes and hypertension have important effects on the risk of VE across all socio-demographic groups. For stroke, these effects are more notable at age&lt; 80. Our results may in part be driven by competing risks for other VE outcomes with stroke, or a differential impact of risk factors on stroke in younger individuals.
Satisfaction with the decision to participate in cancer clinical trials (CCT) is high, but understanding is a problem
Authors: M. Jefford, L. Mileshkin, H. Raunow, C. O’Kane, T. Cavicchiolo, H. Brasier, M. Robinson, J. Matthews, J. Reynolds
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

6067 Background: We aimed (a) to assess patient (pt) knowledge about CCT and satisfaction with decision (SWD) to participate, (b) to determine whether satisfaction correlates with objective understanding of CCT or other factors and (c) to identify correlates of increased understanding, for example with demographic data, method of giving informed consent (IC), anxiety, depression and QOL. Methods: Convenience sample of 100 pts from CCT auspiced by Cancer Trials Australia. Eligibility - signed IC, enrolment on a therapeutic CCT within the preceding week, age ≥ 18 years. Instruments assessed quality of IC (QuIC), QOL (EORTC QLQ C-30), anxiety and depression (HADS), and preferences for information and involvement in decision-making. Measures were completed within 2 weeks of clinical trial enrolment. Results: 102 pts (67 male), median age 57.9 (29–85). 27 CCT - phase I/II/III - 6/10/11. Median QuIC objective knowledge score (QuIC-A) was 77.5 (/100) and perceived (subjective) understanding (QuIC-B) 91.4. Some questions were consistently answered poorly. There was low but significant correlation between QuIC-A and B (R=0.28, p=0.004). SWD was high. Correlation between QuIC-B and SWD was moderate (0.423, p<0.001). Correlations between SWD and each of QuIC-A, anxiety (HADS-A) and depression (HADS-D) were low and not significantly different from zero. Correlation between HADS-A and HADS-D was moderately high (0.680, p<0.001). Higher objective knowledge (QuIC-A) was associated with female sex, English as a 1st language (EFL), university education and lower HADS-D scores, but not with delayed decision-making, self-assessment of global health status, phase of trial or with easier to read consent forms. Higher QuIC-B scores were associated with low-level education, EFL and higher assessment of health, but not with gender, delayed decision, HADS-D or phase of trial. Conclusions: Overall, pt knowledge regarding CCT is reasonable (and similar to published US data) and satisfaction is very high. Satisfaction is correlated with perceived, but not with objective understanding. Strategies to improve pt understanding of CCT need to be developed. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Diabetes in Asia and the Pacific: Implications for the Global Epidemic
Authors: Arun Nanditha, Ronald C.W. Ma, Ambady Ramachandran, Chamukuttan Snehalatha, Juliana C.N. Chan, Kee Seng Chia, Jonathan E. Shaw, Paul Z. Zimmet
Journal: Diabetes Care (2016)

The last three decades have witnessed an epidemic rise in the number of people with diabetes, especially type 2 diabetes, and particularly in developing countries, where more than 80% of the people with diabetes live. The rise of type 2 diabetes in South Asia is estimated to be more than 150% between 2000 and 2035. Although aging, urbanization, and associated lifestyle changes are the major determinants for the rapid increase, an adverse intrauterine environment and the resulting epigenetic changes could also contribute in many developing countries. The International Diabetes Federation estimated that there were 382 million people with diabetes in 2013, a number surpassing its earlier predictions. More than 60% of the people with diabetes live in Asia, with almost one-half in China and India combined. The Western Pacific, the world's most populous region, has more than 138.2 million people with diabetes, and the number may rise to 201.8 million by 2035. The scenario poses huge social and economic problems to most nations in the region and could impede national and, indeed, global development. More action is required to understand the drivers of the epidemic to provide a rationale for prevention strategies to address the rising global public health "tsunami." Unless drastic steps are taken through national prevention programs to curb the escalating trends in all of the countries, the social, economic, and health care challenges are likely to be insurmountable.