tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A new technique for placement of tunneled subclavian right atrial catheters: experience with 130 cases.
Authors: M Troxell, R Mansour
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1987)

We have developed a new single step technique for placement of indwelling silastic subclavian right atrial catheters through a short subcutaneous tunnel that is simple, relatively inexpensive, and can be done in the outpatient clinic. Between December 1984 and July 1986, 130 catheters were inserted in 122 patients using this approach for a cumulative total of 8,900 catheter days. Major complications have included five catheter infections with bacteremia, two procedure-related pneumothoraces, one internal jugular vein thrombosis, and one catheter fragment embolization to the right heart (total major complication rate, 6.9%). Minor complications have included five catheter migrations, seven catheter or catheter hub leaks, and two irreversible lumen occlusions (total minor complication rate 10.8%). Damaged or malpositioned catheters can be replaced through the same subcutaneous tract using a guidewire exchange technique. When this has not been possible, we have not encountered technical difficulties (due to subclavian thrombosis or stenosis) prohibiting insertion of a new catheter, even on the same side. These catheters provide reliable venous access for patients requiring frequent blood sampling, intravenous (IV) fluid or blood product administration, chemotherapy, IV narcotics for pain control, long-term antibiotic therapy, or hyperalimentation. They are ideal for infusion of vesicant chemotherapeutic agents and for patients undergoing ambulatory outpatient infusion chemotherapy. They have a low overall morbidity rate and excellent patient acceptance. Catheter maintenance procedures are simple and non-time-consuming. The same technique can be used to place multichannel catheters in patients requiring greater venous access. We now recommend early placement of these catheters in patients who will require frequent phlebotomy or drug administration during the course of their treatment.
Survival and treatment trends for advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) treated in a University Hospital, 1992–2001
Authors: T. J. Price, K. Pittman, K. Patterson, M. Colbeck, S. Sim, D. Roder, N. Rieger, P. Hewett, G. Maddern, C. Luke
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

3707
Strategy to augment the efficacy of immunotherapy for refractory breast cancer using trastuzumab combined adoptive cell therapy
Authors: U. Toh, T. Fujii, N. Seki, S. Nakagawa, M. Mishima, M. Fukunaga, E. Ogo, T. Yahara, H. Yamana, K. Shirouzu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

3062 Background: Antitumor monoclonal antibody (mAb) is able to make molecular change in cancer cells and may also induce immune response via its Fc domain. CTLs selectively kill autologous tumor cells (AuTCs) is powerful for adoptive cell therapy of cancer. To investigate the immunological activity and anti-cancer effect in the combination therapy using the anti-HER2 Mab (trastuzumab, Tr) with adoptive cell therapy, a pilot clinical trial was performed for patients (pts) with refractory breast cancer. Methods: Fourteen pts with recurrent breast cancer were enrolled, they all had failed the conventional chemoradiotherapy. MLTC was performed using PBMC and primary- cultured AuTCs for 7–14 days. The generated cells were analyzed by Flow Cytometry, and the cytokine production and killing activity were evaluated by the ELISA and 51Cr-release assay. The cells were administrated by intra-peritumoral injection biweekly and Tr (2mg/kg) was infused every week. The treatments were repeated for 6 to 22 injections, and the total numbers of administered T cells were reached to ∼5.6 x 109. To assess the mechanism of Tr-effects, the antigen-loaded dendritic cells (DC) were examined in the phenotype, cytokine productions, and the ability to induce HER2 specific T cells in vitro. Results: After ∼ 2 weeks of MLTC, the derived cells, containing a preponderance of CD3+CD4+ or CD8+ T cells and CD56+ NK cells, showed significant degrees of cytotoxicity and IFN-γ production against AuTCs and HLA-matched allogenic tumor cell lines in 4 cases tested. The clinical response showed PR/SD/PD was 1/6/7 and adverse effect was tolerable. The tumor marker proteins (CEA, etc) were decreased in 5 pts. The carcinomatous pleural effusion was well controlled in 6 pts. In DC experiments, Tr-opsonized antigen-loaded DC enhanced the ability to induce CD8+ T cells specific for HER2-peptides in IFN-γ ELISPOT assay. Conclusions: Clinical responses were observed in pts with refractory breast cancer after receiving the adoptive cell therapy plus Tr. Our results suggested that the efficacy of immunotherapy might be augmented by anti-Her2 mAb, and it might be in part due to the involvement of mAb in the ability of DC cross-presentation followed by the enhancement of antitumor cellular immunity. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
High-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation versus dexamethasone, cisplatin, and cytarabine in aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with partial response to front-line chemotherapy: a prospective randomized italian multicenter study.
Authors: M Martelli, M Vignetti, P L Zinzani, F Gherlinzoni, G Meloni, M Fiacchini, V De Sanctis, G Papa, M F Martelli, F Calabresi, S Tura, F Mandelli
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1996)

PURPOSE To evaluate, in a prospective multicentric study, the efficacy of a conventional salvage chemotherapy (dexamethasone, cisplatin, and cytarabine [DHAP]) versus high-dose chemotherapy (carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, and cyclophosphamide [BEAC]) followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) in patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) in clinical partial response (PR) after two thirds of a conventional front-line therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS From August 1988 to August 1991, 286 patients with aggressive NHL were randomized in seven Italian institutions to receive fluorouracil, methotrexate, cytarabine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (F-MACHOP) or methotrexate with leucovorin, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisone, and bleomycin (MACOP-B) as front-line therapy. Of the 286 patients enrolled onto the trial, 77 (27%) were considered in PR after two thirds of the front-line therapy, and 49 of 77 (64%) were randomized: 27 to receive DHAP chemotherapy and 22 to receive BEAC followed by ABMT. RESULTS The response after second-line treatment was as follows: in the DHAP group, four patients (15%) achieved a complete remission (CR), 12 (44%) remained in stable PR, and 11 (41%) showed progressive disease; in the ABMT group, three patients (14%) obtained a CR, 18 (82%) obtained a stable PR, and one (4%) progressed, with an overall response (CR + stable PR) of 59% and 96% (P &lt; .001) in the DHAP and ABMT groups, respectively. The overall survival was 59% versus 73% and the progression-free survival (PFS) was 52% versus 73% in the DHAP and ABMT groups, respectively (P, not significant). The toxicity was mild, particularly in the ABMT group, and no treatment-related deaths occurred in either group. CONCLUSION Because of the small number of patients randomized, we were unable to determine whether ABMT or a standard salvage regimen (DHAP) is superior for PR patients. However, we confirmed that myeloablative treatment is a safe and well-tolerated procedure in this category of patients and this may enable us to evaluate its role as part of a front-line treatment in poor-risk NHL patients.
Making cocktails versus making soup.
Authors: R Gelman, D Neuberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1991)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1991.9.2.200 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 1988568 Making cocktails versus making soup. R GelmanxR GelmanSearch for articles by this author , D NeubergxD NeubergSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1991.9.2.200 First Page PDF © 1991 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Combination chemotherapy of intermediate-grade and high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with MACOP-B: a Southwest Oncology Group study.
Authors: J K Weick, S Dahlberg, R I Fisher, B Dana, T P Miller, S P Balcerzak, H I Pierce
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1991)

One hundred nine assessable patients with measurable stage II, III, or IV intermediate- or high-grade lymphoma were treated with methotrexate with leucovorin, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisone, and bleomycin (MACOP-B) by members of the Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) between November 1985 and June 1986 to confirm the activity of the program as initially described by Klimo and Connors and to test the safety of using third-generation regimens in a cooperative group. The median age was 53.5 years, and stage II was seen in 30% of patients and diffuse large-cell histology in 63%. Complete remission (CR) was achieved in 50% of all patients and partial remission (PR) in 33%. Response rates did not differ by histology. Median follow-up is 46 months with 51% of patients alive at 3 years and 63% of CR patients free of disease at 3 years. Severe (grade 3) or worse hematologic toxicity was seen in 51% of all treated individuals, and 29% had severe mucositis. We failed to confirm the high response rates as originally reported. Whether MACOP-B is superior to other treatment regimens requires the prospective trial currently being conducted by the SWOG.
Biomarkers Associated with Response in Patients Initiating Omalizumab: Baseline Levels Among Patients in the Prospective Observational Study to Evaluate Predictors of Clinical Effectiveness in Response to Omalizumab (PROSPERO) Study
Authors: Bradley E. Chipps, William W. Busse, Allan T. Luskin, Robert S. Zeiger, Benjamin Trzaskoma, Hooman Pazwash, Theodore A. Omachi, Thomas B. Casale
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Phase II studies of Elsamitrucin in breast cancer, colorectal cancer, non-small cell lung cancer and ovarian cancer
Authors: J Verweij, J Wanders, A L Nielsen, N Pavlidis, F Calabresi, W ten Bokkel Huinink, U Bruntsch, M Piccart, H Franklin, S B Kaye
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1994)
Micronutrient Assay for Cancer Prevention Clinical Trials: Serum Retinol, Retinyl Palmitate, Alpha-Carotene, and Beta-Carotene With the Use of High-Performance Liquid Chromatography&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: D A Kalman, G E Goodman, G S Omenn, G Bellamy, B Rollins
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1987)

Assay of serum levels of retinol, retinyl palmitate, alpha-carotene, and beta-carotene to assess nutritional status, to trials of retinol and/or beta-carotene to assess nutritional status, to monitor compliance with medication schedules, and to conduct toxicity surveillance. The optimal assay method for clinical trial use represents a balance between analytical power and speed/simplicity. Three such methods were evaluated by means of shared samples between two laboratories. Each method required less than 15 minutes per assay and detected all of the analytes of interest. Careful evaluation of calibration materials and procedures permitted different laboratories using different methods to produce results with an interlaboratory variability smaller than the within-laboratory variability for each separate method. Typical precisions for the analytes in serum samples are: retinol, 0.06 relative standard deviation (RSD; standard deviation divided by mean value); retinyl palmitate, 0.08 RSD; alpha-carotene, 0.15 RSD; and beta-carotene, 0.11 RSD. Application of these methods to several hundred samples indicated that retinyl palmitate and beta-carotene levels were indicative of administered retinol and beta-carotene, whereas retinol itself was not. Population variability in pretreatment serum levels of these micronutrients expressed as RSD (retinol, 0.24; alpha-carotene, 1.11; and beta-carotene, 0.98) far exceeded the analytical imprecision in these determinations, confirming that the present assays could meet the needs of current clinical intervention trials.
Frequency of treatment changes observed in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients using imatinib mesylate (IM)
Authors: G. Devercelli, K. Schulman, X. Song, S. Cheng, C. C. Davis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

16003 Background: Although the response rates in CML associated with IM treatment is well-documented, little research exists on actual practice patterns with IM. The objective of this study is to document treatment changes in a large CML patient population using IM. Methods: Patients ≥ 18 years of age diagnosed with CML (ICD9 = 205.1) between 2000 and 2004 and treated with IM were selected from the Medstat MarketScan Commercial, Medicaid and Medicare Research Databases. Disease phase was defined using a CML specific disease staging algorithm and was assigned at the time of imatinib initiation. A treatment change is defined as evidence of any of the following: any dose increase ≥50 mg, CML treatment added to IM, or IM discontinuation. Summary statistics reported are medians and interquartile ranges (IQR). Results: Four hundred adult IM-treated CML patients (mean age, 56 years; 50% male) were included. 81% and 18% were in chronic phase (CP) and accelerated phase (AP), respectively; with 1% in remission. IM 400 mg was most frequently used regardless of CML phase or year of treatment. The daily starting dose was 400 mg in 305 (78%) patients, 600–799 mg in 34 (9%) patients, ≥ 800 mg in 17 (4%), and the remaining 39 (9%) started at doses &lt; 400 mg. Median follow-up of treatment duration was 9 (IQR: 4.6, 18.9) months. 158 (40%) patients on IM had at least one treatment change, with rates higher in AP patients than in CP (52% vs. 37%). Dose increases were reported in 108 (27%) patients, 3 (&lt;1%) had additional CML treatment, and 64 (16%) discontinued IM altogether. Conclusions: 40% of patients treated with IM had at least one treatment change. The frequency of treatment change increased with longer duration of IM treatment. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
Selective intraperitoneal biochemical modulation of methotrexate by dipyridamole.
Authors: R Goel, S M Cleary, C Horton, F M Balis, S Zimm, S Kirmani, S B Howell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1989)

Dipyridamole increases the toxicity of methotrexate in a concentration-dependent manner. We hypothesized that concurrent intraperitoneal administration of both drugs would result in high peritoneal concentrations with much lower plasma concentrations, permitting a selective increase in the activity of methotrexate against intraperitoneal tumors without enhancing systemic toxicity. Initially, 2.16 mg/m2/d methotrexate and 12 mg/m2/d dipyridamole were delivered together as a constant intraperitoneal infusion for 48 hours. With escalation of chemotherapy, eventually 4.32 mg/m2/d methotrexate was administered for 168 hours. Forty-seven courses were administered to 18 patients. The mean peritoneal to plasma concentration ratios of methotrexate and non-protein bound dipyridamole were 71.6 +/- 34.8 and over 2,300, respectively. Chemical peritonitis was the dose-limiting toxicity. Three patients had some evidence of a response (two with decreasing tumor markers, and the third with a reduction in ascites). We conclude that the drug concentrations are in an appropriate range for selective intraperitoneal biochemical modulation of methotrexate, and that it is feasible to expose tumors confined to the peritoneal cavity to these drugs for long periods of time.
Prognostic value of lactate in metastatic lung cancer.
Authors: Panagiotis J. Vlachostergios, Katerina G Oikonomou, Eugene Gibilaro, George Apergis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e18563 Background: Hyperlactatemia with or without type B lactic acidosis is a rare complication of cancer, previously observed most often in hematological malignancies. The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic value of lactic acid (LA) in patients with metastatic lung cancer. Methods: Patients diagnosed with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and extensive stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC), were included in this single center retrospective study. Arterial and venous LA level, anion gap (AG), serum LDH and presence of urine ketones were recorded for each patient and their associations with demographic and clinical data and overall survival (OS) were examined. Results: 85 patients (43 males, median age 74, range 45-96 years) were studied. The maximal levels of arterial or venous LA were significantly associated with presence of ≥ 2 metastatic sites (p = 0.001), ICU admission or transfer (p = 0.016), intubation (p = 0.029), elevated serum anion gap (p < 0.001) and LDH levels (p < 0.001). Hyperlactatemia ( ≥ 1.4mmol/L) was associated with shorter OS (log-rank p < 0.001). In a multivariate model including LA, ICU, intubation, AG as well as other known prognostic factors of NSCLC and SCLC, including age, sex, smoking status, number and location of metastases, histologic type, performance status (PS), chemotherapy and LDH, LA retained its prognostic value (OR:1.3; 95%CI: 1.082-1.561; p = 0.005), along with PS (p = 0.039) and chemotherapy (p = 0.039). Conclusions: Our results suggest that elevated LA is an independent predictor of poor survival in metastatic lung cancer patients. If validated prospectively in larger scale trials, LA could be used for selecting patients who might be candidates for either supportive care or targeted treatment with glycolytic enzymes- or lactate transporters-inhibitors, with use of LA as a surrogate marker of response, given that short predicted OS is a limiting factor for classical chemotherapeutics.
Ribosomal RNA gene sequences and hominoid phylogeny.
Authors: I L Gonzalez, J E Sylvester, T F Smith, D Stambolian, R D Schmickel
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1990)

Sequences totaling 3,500 bases from the 28S rRNA gene and from one of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacers (ITS1) have been determined for human, chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), gorilla (Gorilla gorilla), and orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus). Analyses of the rRNA alignments show (1) a clustering of substitutions in the "variable regions" of the 28S gene, (2) a 1.5-3-fold increase in divergence in the transcribed spacer over that in the exon, and (3) that human and chimpanzee are the most closely related pair, in agreement with the results of Miyamoto et al., Sibley and Ahlquist, and Caccone and Powell.
Is there a survival benefit with adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with stage I (T1N0) triple negative breast cancer?
Authors: T. H. Luu, S. Lau, R. Nelson, M. Ottochian, A. Garcia, G. Somlo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e11547 Background: Chemotherapy is the only systemic modality for patients with breast cancer lacking expression of estrogen, progesterone, and HER2 receptors (triple negative), a group comprising 15% of all breast cancers. The majority of such patients present with nodal metastases. The median time to distant recurrence is short: at 2.6 years, and median time to death is 4.2 years. (Dent R, et al. Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Clinical Features and Patterns of Recurrence, Clin Cancer Res 2007; 13(15) August, 2007). The benefit from proceeding with adjuvant chemotherapy for ≤2cm, node negative triple negative breast cancer remains undefined. Patients and Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted to assess the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy for overall survival for stage I (T1N0) triple-negative breast cancer treated from 1996 to 2006 at City of Hope and USC. ER, PR, and HER2 status (as assessed by fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH) or immunohistochemistry) were reviewed and confirmed. Overall survival was defined as time from date of diagnosis to date of death. All patients received standard surgery ± radiation. Results: A total of 100 stage I triple-negative breast cancer patients were identified. The median age at diagnosis was 56 (range 27–91). Of the 100 patients, 59 received adjuvant chemotherapy: 38 received anthracycline-based, 17 received non-anthracycline-based regimens and 4 were unknown. Median length of follow-up was 4.0 years. No difference in overall survival was found in patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy (p-value = 0.94). Similarly, there was no difference between patients who received non-anthracycline-based chemotherapy versus those given anthracycline-based chemotherapy (p-value=0.17). The group of patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy were younger (51.8 y.o versus 61.5 y.o (p=0.0004)) and had larger tumor size (13.6mm versus 10.2mm (p=0.0002)). Lack of statistical significance may be related to the limited sample size. Conclusion: We did not find a statistically survival benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in 100 triple negative stage I breast cancer patients. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of adjuvant chemotherapy in this group of patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Tolerance is established in polyclonal CD4+ T cells by distinct mechanisms, according to self-peptide expression patterns
Authors: Deepali Malhotra, Jonathan L Linehan, Thamotharampillai Dileepan, You Jeong Lee, Whitney E Purtha, Jennifer V Lu, Ryan W Nelson, Brian T Fife, Harry T Orr, Mark S Anderson, Kristin A Hogquist, Marc K Jenkins
Journal: Nature Immunology (2016)
How to improve survival after diagnosis of gastric cancer? It's back to the drawing board.
Authors: F M Muggia
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1993)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1993.11.8.1437 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 8336181 How to improve survival after diagnosis of gastric cancer? It's back to the drawing board. F M MuggiaxF M MuggiaSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1993.11.8.1437 PDF "How to improve survival after diagnosis of gastric cancer? It's back to the drawing board.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 11(8), pp. 1437–1438© 1993 by American Society of Clinical Oncology