tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Risk factors for peritoneal recurrence in serosa-negative gastric cancer.
Authors: Hayato Omori, Yuichiro Miki, Wataru Takagi, Fumiko Hirata, Taichi Tatsubayashi, Shinsaku Honda, Rie Makuuchi, Masanori Tokunaga, Yutaka Tanizawa, Etsuro Bando, Taiichi Kawamura, Masanori Terashima
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

19 Background: Peritoneal recurrence is often observed in gastric cancer patients without serosal invasion. It is difficult for pathologists to evaluate whether tumor cells penetrate serosa or not, because the subserosa layer is very thin. We evaluated the incidence and risk factors of peritoneal recurrence in serosa -negative gastric cancer patients to clarify the mechanism of peritoneal recurrence in these patients. Methods: A total of 1,745 gastric cancer patients underwent R0 resection from 2002 to 2009 were enrolled. The incidence of peritoneal recurrence according to tumor depth was analyzed. In serosa-nagative patients, the univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to identify the risk factors for peritoneal recurrence. Results: Peritoneal recurrence was observed in 64 (3.7 %) out of 1,745 patients. The incidence of peritoneal recurrence according to depth of tumor invasion was in 0 / 466 in T1a, 5 / 567 (0.88 %) in T1b, 4 / 187 (2.1 %) in T2, 31 / 360 (7.9 %) in T3, 20 / 108 (15.9 %) in T4a, and 4 / 12 (25 %) in T4b, respectively (p&lt;0.001). As for the risk factor for peritoneal recurrence in T3 patients, histologically undifferentiated type, negative lymphatic invasion, scirrhous type, invasive infiltrating growth pattern were the significant factors identified by univariate analysis. Only the invasive infiltrating growth pattern (OR3.44 p0.038) was selected as significant independent risk factor for peritoneal recurrence by multivariate analysis. In T1b / T2 patients, massive lymph node metastasis (N3a, 3b), scirrhous type were the significant factor for peritoneal recurrence by univariate analysis. Only massive lymph node metastasis (OR25.1 p&lt;0.001) was selected as the significant independent risk factor by multivariate analysis. Conclusions: The incidence of peritoneal recurrence increases in proportion to the tumor depth. Invasive infiltrating growth pattern was selected as an independent risk factor for peritoneal recurrence in T3 patients, while it was massive lymph node metastasis in T1b / T2 patients. The results suggest the possibility that microscopic serosal invasion in T3 tumor and lymphatic progression in T1b / T2 tumor may contribute to peritoneal recurrence in gastric cancer.
Functional and molecular characterization of mouse Gata2-independent hematopoietic progenitors
Authors: Polynikis Kaimakis, Emma de Pater, Christina Eich, Parham Solaimani Kartalaei, Mari-Liis Kauts, Chris S. Vink, Reinier van der Linden, Martine Jaegle, Tomomasa Yokomizo, Dies Meijer, Elaine Dzierzak
Journal: Blood (2016)
Application of Proteomics in the Study of Tumor Metastasis
Authors: Zhen Cai, Jen-Fu Chiu, Qing-Yu He
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2004)

Abstract Tumor metastasis is the dominant cause of death in cancer patients. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying tumor metastasis are still elusive. The identification of protein molecules with their expressions correlated to the metastatic process would help to understand the metastatic mechanisms and thus facilitate the development of strategies for the therapeutic interventions and clinical management of cancer. Proteomics is a systematic research approach aiming to provide the global characterization of protein expression and function under given conditions. Proteomic technology has been widely used in biomarker discovery and pathogenetic studies including tumor metastasis. This article provides a brief review of the application of proteomics in identifying molecular factors in tumor metastasis process. The combination of proteomics with other experimental approaches in biochemistry, cell biology, molecular genetics and chemistry, together with the development of new technologies and improvements in existing methodologies will continue to extend its application in studying cancer metastasis.
The presence of racial disparities in histopathologic characteristics of uterine cancer in an equal-access environment.
Authors: K. E. Oliver, L. Enewold, K. Zhu, T. P. Conrads, G. S. Rose, G. L. Maxwell, J. H. Farley
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

5094 Background: Black women have higher mortality rates of uterine cancer than white women in the U.S. This disparity has often been attributed to Blacks having later stage of cancer at diagnosis than whites, which may be related to lower access to healthcare and delayed diagnoses. The objective of this study was to determine whether tumor characteristics at diagnosis among uterine cancer patients differed by race in an equal-access population. Methods: After obtaining institutional review board approval, the Automated Central Tumor Registry database was reviewed for all uterine cancers diagnosed from 1990-2003. Data collected included race, age, stage, grade, and histologic subtype at diagnosis. Comparisons were conducted overall and stratified by age (<50; >50) using the Chi-square test. Results: Of 2,582 uterine tumors identified, 1,924 (74.5%) were adenocarcinomas, while 655 (25.4%) were of unfavorable histologic subtype. Among all women analyzed, Blacks were more likely to present with non-endometrioid tumors (46.4% vs. 23.5%; p<0.02), non-localized tumors (31.8% vs. 24.4%; p<0.02), and poorly differentiated tumors (20.5% vs. 15%; p<0.01), compared to whites. Among women 50 years and older, Blacks were more likely to present with non-endometrioid tumors (48.4% vs. 20.5%; p<0.006), non-localized tumors (34.3% vs. 24.9%; p<0.01), and poorly differentiated tumors (22% vs. 16%; p<0.01), compared to whites. Fascinatingly, no significant racial differences were observed among young women with respect to tumor histology, stage or grade. When comparisons were restricted to endometrioid adenocarcinomas, trends in age-specific disparities for older women were observed. Conclusions: Racial disparities in uterine cancers persist between blacks and whites in an equal-access population. Blacks endured higher stage and grade tumors, and more aggressive histologies. This disparity in tumor characteristics was isolated to women older than 50 years. Factors other than access to care, such as, racial variation in age-related health knowledge/behavior and estrogen metabolism may be related to the racial disparity.
A multicentre, randomized, pharmacokinetic, endocrine and clinical study to evaluate formestane in breast cancer patients at first relapse: Endocrine and clinical results
Authors: E. Bajetta, N. Zilembo, S. Barni, C. Noberasco, A. Martinetti, L. Ferrari, G. Schieppati, R. Buzzoni, A. Jirillo, M. Amichetti, M. D'Aprile, G. Commella, E. Bichisao, G.F. Bolelli, A. Attili, E. Bombardieri
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1997)
Clinical significance of t(14; 18)-positive cells in the circulation of patients with stage III or IV follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma during first remission.
Authors: A C Lambrechts, P E Hupkes, L C Dorssers, M B van't Veer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1994)

To evaluate polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis as a method for the detection of circulating lymphoma cells in patients with stage III and IV t(14; 18)-positive follicular Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) in first remission in a longitudinal prospective study.Peripheral blood or bone marrow from eight patients with stage III and IV t(14; 18)-positive NHL was studied using PCR to detect the presence of t(14; 18)-positive cells in the circulation at different times during first remission.In four of six patients with no clinical evidence of disease (NCED), t(14; 18)-positive cells were detectable in the circulation. In one of two patients with clinical evidence of disease (CED), no t(14; 18)-positive cells were found at the four different occasions tested during first remission. First-remission duration ranged from 17 to 81+ months. The duration from the first PCR determination in remission until first relapse or the end of the observation period ranged from 10 to 37+ months.In patients with t(14; 18)-positive follicular NHL stage III and IV, treated with conventional remission induction therapy, the presence or absence of t(14; 18)-positive cells in the circulation shows no obvious correlation with the clinical remission status and the remission duration.
Tuberculous Meningitis in Childhood
Authors: W. S. Craig
Journal: BMJ (1948)

SKIN LESIONS DUE TO PITCH AND TAR 5. Epitheliomata.-16 men developed malignant skin tumours (all confirmed by biopsy), and of these 9 had previously suffered from simple warts and 3 had multiple epitheliomata.There were no fatal cases.The 9 with simple warts have also been included under " papillomata."TABLE V.-Latent Periods Folliculitis, acne, comedones 1 month or more Melanosis .. . 6months to 5 years Shagreen skin . . .Over 10 years Keratosis .. . 6months or more Papilloma .. . 6months to 43 yearsEpitheloioma ~Rural district . ..18 months to 5 years Urban district 9 to 34 yearsNote.-The shorter latent period for the appearance of a skin carcinoma in the rural district is discussed under " Ultra-%iolet Light."Because of this latent period all employees who leave the firm are requested (where practicable) to report to us any rash, pimples, or warts that might-appear at some future date.TABLE VI.-Site Incidence: Papillomata Employees affected .. 102 (including 6 women.Age from 29 to 66) Single lesions 40 Multiple lesions 62 Site affected: Nose and lips 43 Cheeks, eyelids, chin 24 Ears.6 Neck.8 Scalp .Hands .29 Forearms 16 Scrotum... 11 Leg... 1 Anus... 1 Total .. .. 140It would appear that the site of election for these growths is the face (48%); the incidence on the hands and forearms is 32%, and on the scrotum 8%.TABLE VII.-Site Incidence: Epitheliomata Employees affected 16 (no women.Age from 34 to 62) Single lesions 13 Multiple lesions
Effect of Immunotherapy With Corynebacterium Parvum and Methanol Extraction Residue of BCG Administered Intravenously on Host Defense Function in Cancer Patients2, 3
Authors: Evan M. Hersh, Samuel G. Murphy, Jorge R. Quesada, Jordan U. Gutterman, Charles R. Gachwind, John Morgan
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

The effects of active nonspecific immunotherapy were studied in 42 patients receiving daily iv Corynebacterium parvum at 2 mg/m2 in 14-day courses and in 14 patients receiving iv methanol extraction residue of BCG (MER) at 0.5 mg/m2 weekly. The host defense evaluations included measurement of the number of adherent macrophage precursors per milliliter of blood (monocyte adherence), serum lysozyme, and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to chicken red blood cells (CRBC) or human red blood cells (HRBC). During a single course of C. parvum, monocyte adherence did not rise significantly, whereas ADCC of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to CRBC and HRBC rose significantly (15.7-49.90/0 and 34.85–3.5% lysis of target cells, respectively). However, after a mean of 4.5 months on therapy, monocyte adherence increased an average of 7.5-fold. During weekly MER therapy, monocyte adherence, serum lysozyme, and ADCC of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to CRBC rose significantly within 4-7 days after the first dose (3.8-8.7 adherent cells/ml blood×104, 7.6–10.8 μg/ml, and 34.4–41.4% target cell lysis, respectively). The host defense parameter, which was subnormal in the cancer patients (monocyte adherence), was boosted into the normal range in all the deficient patients by iv MER. The host defense parameters, which were normal or slightly elevated in the patients before therapy (serum lysozyme and ADCC of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to CRBC and HRBC), were hyperactivated above the upper limit of the normal range in 71.4, 71.4, and 50% of the patients, respectively, by iv MER. These methods can quantitatively reflect activation of monocytes and killer cells by C. parvum and MER and may be useful for evaluation and quantitation of both active nonspecific and immunorestorative immunotherapy in general.
Publication of unethical studies on the treatment of chemotherapy-induced emesis.
Authors: F Roila, M Tonato, A Del Favero
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1991)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1991.9.5.891 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 1826740 Publication of unethical studies on the treatment of chemotherapy-induced emesis. F RoilaxF RoilaSearch for articles by this author , M TonatoxM TonatoSearch for articles by this author , A Del FaveroxA Del FaveroSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1991.9.5.891 First Page PDF © 1991 by American Society of Clinical OncologyKeywords: Biomedical and Behavioral Research... Show All
Occupation and Hodgkin's Disease2
Authors: Seymour Grufferman, Thieu Duong, Philip Cole
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

An incidence survey of Hodgkin's disease (HD) was conducted in the Boston Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area for 1959-73. Information on affected persons, 20 to 64 years old, was related to the 1960 and 1970 U.S. decennial censuses to evaluate the rates of HD in several occupational groups of special interest. No excess HD risk was found for two groups with high exposure to persons with the disease: Physicians had a relative risk (RR) of 1.2(0.4-2.6, 95% confidence interval) and nurses had an RR of 0.9 (0.4-1.8). Teachers, a group suggested to be at high risk due to exposure to "carriers" or contacts, had an RR of 1.1 (0.7-1.6). A high sex ratio, 1.9:1, at 35-64 years of age suggested that occupational exposures might increase disease risk. However, no difference in HD incidence was seen between employed and unemployed women in this age group. As in previous studies, woodworkers had an excess risk of HD [RR=1.6(0.9-2.6-a)], but the reason for this is obscure.
Correlation of ultrasound criteria for detection of melanoma metastases in the sentinel lymph node (SN) with tumor burden and survival
Authors: C. A. Voit, A. C. van Akkooi, G. Schaefer-Hesterberg, A. Schoengen, W. Sterry, A. M. Eggermont
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

9015 Background: We demonstrated that US guided FNAC (fine needle aspiration cytology) prior to SN biopsy can identify up to 65% of SN-positive patients (EJC, 2007; 5(6):11: abstr 3BA). We presented US patterns of SN-involvement at ASCO 2008 (JCO 26: 2008(suppl; abstr 9014). Here we show how these patterns correlate with tumor burden, progression of disease and survival. Methods: Prior to SN-biopsy patients (pts) underwent lymphoscintigraphy followed by US-exam. US images were prospectively scored for 6 morphologic criteria. FNAC was performed in suspicious US. All pts underwent a SN biopsy. Final SN pathology was the gold standard. Sensitivity, specificity and negative/positive predictive value (NPV and PPV) of combinations of US patterns were calculated and correlated with tumor burden and survival. Hazard ratios (HR) were calculated for the patterns by multivariate analysis. Results: Since 2001 850 consecutive pts have been included into a prospective database. Median Breslow thickness of the first 400 stage I/II melanoma pts was 1.8 mm, median follow-up 42 months. Balloon Shape (BS) &amp; Loss of Central Echoes (LCE) are often linked (up to 83%) and are late signs correlating with high tumor load. In contrast the presence of Peripheral Perfusion (PP) is an early sign, correlating with small tumor load. PP and/or BS and/or LCE together raise the sensitivity of US alone to &gt; 80%, spec.80%, PPV 52%, NPV of 94% (p&lt;0.001). Overall Survival of neither vs. Peripheral Perfusion (PP) only vs. BS/LCE (with or without PP) was 93% vs. 87 % vs. 56 % and Distant Metastasis-Free Survival was 74% vs. 60% vs. 26%. BS/LCE was a late sign correlating with high tumor load, fast progression and a high HR (5.50). PP alone was an early sign correlating with small tumor load, slow progression, and a low HR (2.19). Conclusions: BS and/or LCE indicate high tumor load, PP alone indicates small tumor load in the SN. These US-criteria identify the SN tumor burden correctly prior to SN biopsy in 75% - 90% of pts. They are independent prognostic factors for survival. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Detection rate of serrated polyps and serrated polyposis syndrome in colorectal cancer screening cohorts: a European overview
Authors: J E G IJspeert, R Bevan, C Senore, M F Kaminski, E J Kuipers, A Mroz, X Bessa, P Cassoni, C Hassan, A Repici, F Balaguer, C J Rees, E Dekker
Journal: Gut (2016)

Objective The role of serrated polyps (SPs) as colorectal cancer precursor is increasingly recognised. However, the true prevalence SPs is largely unknown. We aimed to evaluate the detection rate of SPs subtypes as well as serrated polyposis syndrome (SPS) among European screening cohorts. Methods Prospectively collected screening cohorts of ≥1000 individuals were eligible for inclusion. Colonoscopies performed before 2009 and/or in individuals aged below 50 were excluded. Rate of SPs was assessed, categorised for histology, location and size. Age–sex–standardised number needed to screen (NNS) to detect SPs were calculated. Rate of SPS was assessed in cohorts with known colonoscopy follow-up data. Clinically relevant SPs (regarded as a separate entity) were defined as SPs ≥10 mm and/or SPs &gt;5 mm in the proximal colon. Results Three faecal occult blood test (FOBT) screening cohorts and two primary colonoscopy screening cohorts (range 1.426–205.949 individuals) were included. Rate of SPs ranged between 15.1% and 27.2% (median 19.5%), of sessile serrated polyps between 2.2% and 4.8% (median 3.3%) and of clinically relevant SPs between 2.1% and 7.8% (median 4.6%). Rate of SPs was similar in FOBT-based cohorts as in colonoscopy screening cohorts. No apparent association between the rate of SP and gender or age was shown. Rate of SPS ranged from 0% to 0.5%, which increased to 0.4% to 0.8% after follow-up colonoscopy. Conclusions The detection rate of SPs is variable among screening cohorts, and standards for reporting, detection and histopathological assessment should be established. The median rate, as found in this study, may contribute to define uniform minimum standards for males and females between 50 and 75 years of age.
Treatment of Helicobacter Pylori Infection Response
Authors: 劉志銘, 林肇堂, 張吉仰, 陳美志, 李宜家, 吳明賢, Jyh-Ming Liou, Jaw-Town Lin, Chi-Yang Chang, Mei-Jyh Chen, Yi-Chia Lee, Ming-Shiang Wu
Journal: Gut (2010)
Type 2 Diabetes, SGLT2 Inhibitors, and Glucose Secretion
Authors: Andrew T. Hattersley, Bernard Thorens
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

Dapagliflozin targets the sodium-coupled glucose transporter type 2 in the renal proximal tubule, preventing the reabsorption of glucose into the blood. It also has a direct effect on the islet alpha cell, which may counter its effect on glucose reabsorption in the kidney.
Serum exosomes and cytokines promote a T-helper cell type 2 environment in the peripheral blood of glioblastoma patients
Authors: Larry A. Harshyne, Brian J. Nasca, Lawrence C. Kenyon, David W. Andrews, D. Craig Hooper
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive infiltrative brain tumor with a particularly poor prognosis that is characterized by microvascular proliferation, necrotic tissue, and significant infiltration of M2-like monocytes. Compromised barrier function in tumor vasculature might be expected to permit communication between the tumor microenvironment and peripheral blood. To ascertain whether tumor-derived vesicles and/or factors might reach the bloodstream and what effects these molecules have on the peripheral compartment, we analyzed blood samples collected from primary GBM patients. Notably, a significant number of patient sera samples contained tumor exosome-reactive immunoglobulin (Ig)G2 and IgG4 antibody isotypes, which are consistent with Th2 immunity. M2-like monocytes expressing CD14+ and CD163+, another indicator of Th2 bias, are elevated in GBM patient blood and associated with high serum concentrations of colony−stimulating factor 2 and 3, as well as interleukin-2, -4, and -13, the latter 2 cytokines being hallmarks of Th2 immunity. GBM patient sera samples induce high levels of CD163 expression when added to normal monocytes, providing mechanistic evidence of a basis for Th2 bias. Fractionation of GBM patient sera into samples enriched for exosomes or soluble factors proved that both fractions are capable of inducing CD163 expression in normal monocytes. The results of the current study indicate a Th2 bias in the periphery of GBM patients, likely as a result of products elaborated by the tumor. Consequentially, through immune modulation these brain tumors exert systemic effects beyond the confines of the CNS.
T- and B-Lymphocytes in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Correlation With Clinical and Immunologic Status of the Disease2
Authors: Tin Han, Houshang Moayeri, Jun Minowada
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

T- and B-lymphocyte count were correlated with clinical and immunologic status of 59 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The mean total T-cell count was slightly lower than normal in patients in complete remission, within normal limits in those in partial remission, and significantly higher in those with active disease. The mean total B-cell count, however, was slightly elevated in patients in complete remission and those in partial remission, and markedly elevated in those with active disease. The T-cell count correlated well with the duration of disease in patients in remission: The mean count was within normal range in those patients with disease of less than 3 years, whereas for those patients with disease of 3-12 years, a significant reduction was observed. The T-cell count was well correlated with the status of skin test response of patients with either complete or partial remission; the B-cell count did not correlate with immunoglobulin levels in patients with this disease.