tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinical manifestation and prognostic factor in anti-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase autoantibodies-associated interstitial lung disease
Authors: Chihiro Nishio, Hiromi Tomioka, Reina Sekiya, Shuji Yamashita, Toshihiko Kaneda, Yoko Kida, Masahiro Kaneko, Hiroshi Fujii, Kyosuke Ishihara
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Objectives: To compare the clinicopathological characteristics of interstitial lung disease (ILD) patients with anti-Jo-1 antibodies to anti-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (anti-ARS) autoantibodies other than anti-Jo-1 antibodies.  Methods: We retrospectively investigated clinical findings in 19 ILD patients with anti-ARS autoantibodies between 2007 and 2012.  Results: Anti-Jo-1 antibodies were the most common (63.2%, 12/19), followed by anti-PL-7 (15.8%, 3/19), anti-EJ (10.5%, 2/19), and anti-PL-12 and anti-OJ (each 5.3%, 1/19). The 12 patients with anti-Jo-1 antibodies comprised 3 men and 9 women. Mean age was 61.3. Seven patients had definite diagnosis of connective tissue disease (CTD); 6 of whom were polymyositis (PM), and 1 Sjogren syndrome. Two of 7 manifested ILD preceding CTD symptoms. Three patients died during follow-up period; 1 patient with PM died of breast cancer, and 2 died of ILD. Surgical lung biopsy was performed in 2 patients. Results of histopathological findings showed nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) pattern and unclassified pattern in each patient. The 7 patients with anti-ARS autoantibodies other than anti-Jo-1 antibodies comprised 1 man and 6 women. Mean age was 64.2. Four patients had definite diagnosis of CTD; 2 of whom were PM, 1 rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and 1 both RA and dermatomyositis (DM). Three of 4 manifested ILD preceding CTD. One patient with PM died of gastric cancer. All of 3 patients who were performed surgical lung biopsy showed NSIP pattern.  Conclusion: NSIP was the predominant histopathologic pattern in ILD patients with anti-ARS autoantibodies. PM with cancer was associated with poor survival.
Dissociation, Childhood Trauma, and <i>Ataque De Nervios</i>Among Puerto Rican Psychiatric Outpatients
Authors: Roberto Lewis-Fernández, Pedro Garrido-Castillo, Mari Carmen Bennasar, Elsie M. Parrilla, Amaro J. Laria, Guoguang Ma, Eva Petkova
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2002)

This study examined the relationships of dissociation and childhood trauma with ataque de nervios.Forty Puerto Rican psychiatric outpatients were evaluated for frequency of ataque de nervios, dissociative symptoms, exposure to trauma, and mood and anxiety psychopathology. Blind conditions were maintained across assessments. Data for 29 female patients were analyzed.Among these 29 patients, clinician-rated dissociative symptoms increased with frequency of ataque de nervios. Dissociative Experiences Scale scores and diagnoses of panic disorder and dissociative disorders were also associated with ataque frequency, before corrections were made for multiple comparisons. The rate of childhood trauma was uniformly high among the patients and showed no relationship to dissociative symptoms and disorder or number of ataques.Frequent ataques de nervios may, in part, be a marker for psychiatric disorders characterized by dissociative symptoms. Childhood trauma per se did not account for ataque status in this group of female outpatients.
How big a problem is non-alcoholic fatty liver disease?
Authors: Q. M. Anstee, S. McPherson, C. P. Day
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a spectrum of liver disease encompassing simple fatty infiltration (steatosis), fat and inflammation (non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)), and cirrhosis, in the absence of excessive alcohol consumption (typically a threshold of  30), 67% of overweight patients (>25), and 25% of normal weight patients.3 The overall prevalence of NAFLD in people with type 2 diabetes ranges from 40% to 70%.3 With the advent of increasingly sedentary lifestyles and changing dietary patterns, the prevalence of obesity and insulin resistance have increased and NAFLD has rapidly become the most common cause of abnormal liver biochemistry in many developed countries.4 Despite substantial clinical and basic research in this field, the true prevalence of NAFLD and NASH in the community and the likely future disease burden remain unclear. Furthermore, clinical uncertainties persist from diagnosis and risk stratification through to treatment and long term follow-up.

Diagnosis and risk stratification —Much of the population is at risk of NAFLD through being overweight or insulin resistant, or both, but how best to identify patients with NAFLD remains unclear, especially in patients with NASH, who are at greatest risk of liver related complications. Many patients remain undiagnosed and so it is not known what the true prevalences of steatosis and …
An Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis of the Long-Term Outcome of Randomised Studies Comparing Intravesical Mitomycin C versus Bacillus Calmette-Guérin for Non–Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
Authors: Per-Uno Malmström, Richard J. Sylvester, David E. Crawford, Martin Friedrich, Susanne Krege, Erkki Rintala, Eduardo Solsona, Savino M. Di Stasi, J. Alfred Witjes
Journal: European Urology (2009)
A Systematic Review of Factors That Contribute to Hepatosplenic T-Cell Lymphoma in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: David S. Kotlyar, Mark T. Osterman, Robert H. Diamond, David Porter, Wojciech C. Blonski, Mariusz Wasik, Sami Sampat, Manuel Mendizabal, Ming V. Lin, Gary R. Lichtenstein
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2010)
Can the shared circuits model (SCM) explain joint attention or perception of discrete emotions?
Authors: Bhismadev Chakrabarti, Simon Baron-Cohen
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2008)

Abstract The shared circuits model (SCM) is a bold attempt to explain how humans make sense of action, at different levels. In this commentary we single out five concerns: (1) the lack of a developmental account, (2) the absence of double-dissociation evidence, (3) the neglect of joint attention and joint action, (4) the inability to explain discrete emotion perception, and (5) the lack of predictive power or testability of the model. We conclude that Hurley's model requires further work before it could be seen as an improvement over earlier models.
Cardiovascular disease after treatment for Hodgkin's lymphoma: an analysis of nine collaborative EORTC-LYSA trials
Authors: Maja V Maraldo, Francesco Giusti, Ivan R Vogelius, Michael Lundemann, Marleen A E van der Kaaij, Safaa Ramadan, Bart Meulemans, Michel Henry-Amar, Berthe M P Aleman, John Raemaekers, Paul Meijnders, Elisabeth C Moser, Hanneke C Kluin-Nelemans, Pierre Feugier, Olivier Casasnovas, Catherine Fortpied, Lena Specht
Journal: The Lancet Haematology (2015)
Renal adaptation to dietary sodium restriction in moderate renal failure resulting from chronic glomerular disease.
Authors: B Cianciaruso, V Bellizzi, R Minutolo, G Colucci, V Bisesti, D Russo, G Conte, L De Nicola
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1996)

The renal response to sodium restriction was evaluated, and the concurrent changes of the plasma levels of aldosterone (ALDO) and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), in healthy patients (NOR), in normotensive patients with non-nephrotic chronic glomerulonephritis and normal renal function (GN), and in patients with glomerulonephritis and moderate renal failure (GFR, 41 +/- 4 mL/min; CRF). The three groups were studied for 1 wk after changing from a normal-sodium diet (NSD, 235 mEq NaCl/day) to a low-sodium diet (LSD, 35 mEq NaCl/day). All patients reached a steady sodium balance within the 4th and 5th day of LSD with an analogous cumulative loss of sodium. After salt restriction, the fractional urinary sodium excretion diminished by the same extent in the three groups, whereas the fractional free-water generation, measured during water diuresis, did not vary in NOR and markedly decreased in GN and CRF. Plasma levels of ALDO were similar in all groups at NSD and similarly increased during LSD. In GN and CRF, as compared to NOR, ANP levels were higher at NSD and decreased by a minor extent during LSD. Notably, in GN and CRF, but not in NOR, the attainment of the new sodium balance after sodium restriction was preceded by a significant parallel reduction of blood pressure and GFR; the GFR decline was secondary to a major decrement of RPF so that filtration fraction (FF) increased. It was concluded that in NOR, distal tubular effects of ANP and ALDO account for the attainment of sodium balance during LSD. As a difference, both GN and CRF patients achieve the new sodium balance primarily through hemodynamic changes: the renal hypoperfusion secondary to a decrease in blood pressure that diminishes the filtered load of sodium, and the increase of FF that enhances the proximal tubular sodium reabsorption. This abnormal response seems related to both the minor suppression of ANP and the increased salt-sensitivity of blood pressure that are likely the result of the presence of volume expansion.
High-Frequency Oscillation in Early Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Niall D. Ferguson, Deborah J. Cook, Gordon H. Guyatt, Sangeeta Mehta, Lori Hand, Peggy Austin, Qi Zhou, Andrea Matte, Stephen D. Walter, Francois Lamontagne, John T. Granton, Yaseen M. Arabi, Alejandro C. Arroliga, Thomas E. Stewart, Arthur S. Slutsky, Maureen O. Meade
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

Previous trials suggesting that high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) reduced mortality among adults with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) were limited by the use of outdated comparator ventilation strategies and small sample sizes.
Long-, intermediate- and short-term growth studies in asthmatic children treated with inhaled glucocorticosteroids
Authors: OD Wolthers
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1996)

During recent years, new auxological techniques have been introduced for assessment of the risk of growth suppression in asthmatic children treated with exogeneous glucocorticosteroids. Assessment of lower leg growth rates with the knemometer has made short-term studies of growth processes under strictly controlled conditions possible. However, short-term lower leg growth rates cannot be used for estimations of intermediate-term height growth rates or long-term evaluations of final height. Consequently, the distinctions between the various types of growth studies in asthmatic children treated with inhaled glucocorticosteroids have become important and need to be discussed. The present paper presents a review of the long-, intermediate- and short-term growth studies available. The bulk of evidence from intermediate- and short-term evaluations indicates that growth rate is not affected when standard paediatric doses of inhaled glucocorticosteroids are used. However, further focus needs to be placed on differences between specific glucocorticosteroids, doses and delivery systems. Intermediate- and short-term growth data should be evaluated in the long-term perspective.
Contribution to the knowledge of normolipaemic plane xanthomatosis
Authors: G. WEBER, M. PILGRIM
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

The case is reported of a 61-year-old man with a 25-year history of normolipaemic xanthomatosis involving almost the whole integument. He also presented a γ-G-paraproteinaemia, and a bleeding tendency manifested by petechial haemorrhages in the xanthomatous skin, by intestinal haemorrhages and by a subdural haematoma.
Potentiation of the Actions of Bradykinin by Angiotensin I–Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
Authors: Richard D. Minshall, Fulong Tan, Fumiaki Nakamura, Sara F. Rabito, Robert P. Becker, Branislav Marcic, Ervin G. Erdös
Journal: Circulation Research (1997)

Abstract Part of the beneficial effects of angiotensin I–converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are due to augmenting the actions of bradykinin (BK). We studied this effect of enalaprilat on the binding of [ 3 H]BK to Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells stably transfected to express the human BK B 2 receptor alone (CHO-3B) or in combination with ACE (CHO-15AB). In CHO-15AB cells, enalaprilat (1 μmol/L) increased the total number of low-affinity [ 3 H]BK binding sites on the cells at 37°C, but not at 4°C, from 18.4±4.3 to 40.3±11.9 fmol/10 6 cells ( P &lt;.05; K d , 2.3±0.8 and 5.9±1.3 nmol/L; n=4). Enalaprilat preserved a portion of the receptors in high-affinity conformation ( K d , 0.17±0.08 nmol/L; 8.1±0.9 fmol/10 6 cells). Enalaprilat decreased the IC 50 of [Hyp 3 -Tyr(Me) 8 ]BK, the BK analogue more resistant to ACE, from 3.2±0.8 to 0.41±0.16 nmol/L ( P &lt;.05, n=3). The biphasic displacement curve of the binding of [ 3 H]BK also suggested the presence of high-affinity BK binding sites. Enalaprilat (5 nmol to 1 μmol/L) potentiated the release of [ 3 H]arachidonic acid and the liberation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP 3 ) induced by BK and [Hyp 3 -Tyr(Me) 8 ]BK. Moreover, enalaprilat (1 μmol/L) completely and immediately restored the response of the B 2 receptor, desensitized by the agonist (1 μmol/L [Hyp 3 -Tyr(Me) 8 ]BK); this effect was blocked by the antagonist, HOE 140. Finally, enalaprilat, but not the prodrug enalapril, decreased internalization of the receptor from 70±9% to 45±9% ( P &lt;.05, n=7). In CHO-3B cells, enalaprilat was ineffective. ACE inhibitors in the presence of both the B 2 receptor and ACE enhance BK binding, protect high-affinity receptors, block receptor desensitization, and decrease internalization, thereby potentiating BK beyond blocking its hydrolysis.
Phase III Trial of Pemetrexed Plus Best Supportive Care Compared With Best Supportive Care in Previously Treated Patients With Advanced Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
Authors: Jacek Jassem, Rodryg Ramlau, Armando Santoro, Wolfgang Schuette, Assad Chemaissani, Shengyan Hong, Johannes Blatter, Susumu Adachi, Axel Hanauske, Christian Manegold
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

This multicenter, phase III study compared overall survival (OS) of second-line pemetrexed plus best supportive care (BSC) versus BSC alone in patients with advanced malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). Secondary end points included response rate, progression-free survival (PFS), time to tumor progression (TTP), time to treatment failure (TTF), and toxicity.Patients with relapsed MPM after first-line chemotherapy were randomly assigned to receive pemetrexed 500 mg/m(2) plus BSC (P+BSC) every 21 days or BSC alone.The study enrolled 243 patients (123 on P+BSC arm and 120 on BSC arm). Median OS time was not significantly different between the arms (8.4 months for P+BSC and 9.7 months for BSC; P = .74). Cox regression modeling suggested a trending survival benefit for patients who responded to first-line therapy. Time-to-event measures significantly favored P+BSC (median PFS, TTP, and TTF). Partial response was achieved in 18.7% and 1.7% of patients in P+BSC and BSC arms, respectively (P < .0001), and a disease control rate (partial response plus stable disease) was achieved in 59.3% and 19.2% of patients in P+BSC and BSC arms, respectively (P < .0001). Use of postdiscontinuation chemotherapy was significantly greater among BSC patients compared with P+BSC patients (51.7% v 28.5%, respectively; P = .0002), with more BSC patients receiving pemetrexed (18.3% v 3.3%, respectively; P = .0001). Postdiscontinuation therapy was initiated earlier for BSC than P+BSC patients (median time to initiation, 4.3 v 15.7 months, respectively; log-rank P < .0001). Chemotherapy was well tolerated, with expected modest (4% to 7%) grade 3 and 4 hematologic toxicities.Second-line pemetrexed elicited significant tumor response and delayed disease progression compared with BSC alone in patients with advanced MPM. Improvement in OS was not seen in this study, possibly because of the significant imbalance in postdiscontinuation chemotherapy between the arms.
Thymus-derived leukemia-lymphoma in mice transgenic for the Tax gene of human T-lymphotropic virus type I
Authors: Hideki Hasegawa, Hirofumi Sawa, Martha J Lewis, Yasuko Orba, Noreen Sheehy, Yoshie Yamamoto, Takeshi Ichinohe, Yasuko Tsunetsugu-Yokota, Harutaka Katano, Hidehiro Takahashi, Junichiro Matsuda, Tetsutaro Sata, Takeshi Kurata, Kazuo Nagashima, William W Hall
Journal: Nature Medicine (2006)
Survivor bias and risk assessment
Authors: Dave P. Miller, Mardi Gomberg-Maitland, Marc Humbert
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

In the current issue of the European Respiratory Journal , Lee et al. [1] have done excellent work developing and validating a risk equation for incident pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) patients in the UK. In addition, they have very helpfully summarised the differences and similarities between the newly developed Scottish composite score (SCS) and other contemporary PAH survival equations. One of the most important methodological choices was the decision to include only incident cases in the analysis, and this is an issue which deserves further discussion because of the implications for the design of registries and other observational studies in PAH.

Prevalent cohorts are prone to inherent bias. Prevalent cohorts in PAH, and in fact for any disease, are subject to a survivor bias because patients who die soon after disease onset are less likely to be included in a prevalent cohort. For instance, consider two different subgroups, one with a mean survival of 4 yrs and another with a mean survival time of 8 yrs. If the incidence rate is constant over time, patients from the latter cohort, with the better prognosis, will be twice as likely as the former group to appear in a prevalent cohort. The latter group will therefore be overrepresented if one is interested in the distribution of an incident cohort. Survivor bias of this nature impacts the development of survival estimates in two distinct ways. First, an analysis cohort consisting of prevalent patients will have a disproportionately higher number of lower risk patients. In PAH prevalent cohorts, we see more females, fewer functional class (FC) IV patients and more patients with longer 6-minute walk distances (6MWDs). Because there are more of these patients, they receive more weight in the development of equations. Second, the future prognosis of this lower risk cohort …
Maintenance Chemotherapy in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Keith D. Eaton, Renato G. Martins
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2010)

Recent trials have shown a benefit with maintenance therapy after 4 to 6 cycles of chemotherapy. These trials have shown improvement in progression-free survival using agents approved as second-line therapy in non-small cell lung cancer. Trials using erlotinib and pemetrexed showed improvement in overall survival. Consideration of trial design is critical for the interpretation of these results. Data on quality of life and cost have not been presented, but will ultimately be important in evaluating the usefulness of these approaches.
Vinblastine and Methotrexate for Desmoid Fibromatosis in Children: Results of a Pediatric Oncology Group Phase II Trial
Authors: Stephen X. Skapek, William S. Ferguson, Linda Granowetter, Meenakshi Devidas, Antonio R. Perez-Atayde, Louis P. Dehner, Fredric A. Hoffer, Roseanne Speights, Mark C. Gebhardt, Gary V. Dahl, Holcombe E. Grier
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

Purpose To determine the efficacy and safety of using vinblastine (Vbl) and methotrexate (Mtx) in children with desmoid-type fibromatosis that is recurrent or not amenable to treatment with radiation or surgery. Patients and Methods A phase II study was conducted within the Pediatric Oncology Group. Patients were treated using Vbl (5 mg/m 2 /dose) and Mtx (30 mg/m 2 /dose), both administered by intravenous injection weekly for 26 weeks and every other week for an additional 26 weeks. Response was assessed by bidimensional measurements of tumor on axial imaging (magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography). Results Over 35 months, 28 patients were enrolled; 27 were eligible, and 26 were assessable for response. A measurable response was documented in eight patients (31%), and 10 patients had stable disease documented as the best response to treatment. Eighteen patients had disease progression at a median time of 9.1 months. Eight patients remain free of disease progression at a median of 43.4 months from study entry. Nine patients reported no to moderate toxicity. Neutropenia was the most common toxicity (n = 22) and the most common grade 4 toxicity (n = 5). Anemia, nausea, vomiting, and elevations in hepatic transaminases were also common and were reversible with interruption of chemotherapy. Conclusion Vbl and Mtx are well tolerated in children with desmoid-type fibromatosis. Furthermore, this combination can promote tumor regression or block tumor growth in most children.
Neutrophils Activate Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells by Releasing Self-DNA–Peptide Complexes in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Roberto Lande, Dipyaman Ganguly, Valeria Facchinetti, Loredana Frasca, Curdin Conrad, Josh Gregorio, Stephan Meller, Georgios Chamilos, Rosalie Sebasigari, Valeria Riccieri, Roland Bassett, Hideki Amuro, Shirou Fukuhara, Tomoki Ito, Yong-Jun Liu, Michel Gilliet
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2011)

In systemic lupus erythematosus, neutrophils release peptide/self-DNA complexes that trigger plasmacytoid dendritic cell activation and autoantibody formation.
Tag SNPs in complement receptor-1 contribute to the susceptibility to non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Xinfeng Yu, Juan Rao, Jia Lin, Zhi Zhang, Lei Cao, Xuemei Zhang
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2014)

Complement receptor 1 (CR1), the receptor for C3b/C4b complement peptides, plays a crucial role in carcinogenesis. However, the association of genetic variants of CR1 with susceptibility to lung cancer remains unexplored. This case-control study included 470 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and 470 cancer-free controls. Based on the Chinese population data from HapMap database, we used Haploview 4.2 program to select candidate tag SNPs. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed by logistic regression to evaluate the association of each tag SNP with NSCLC. Multivariate regression analysis indicated that the rs7525160 CC genotype was associated with an increased risk of developing NSCLC (OR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.02-2.28; P = 0.028) compared with the GG genotype. When stratified by smoking status, the risk of NSCLC was associated with the rs7525160 C allele carriers in smokers with OR (95% CI) of 1.72 (1.15-2.79), but not in non-smokers with OR (95% CI) of 1.15 (0.81-1.65). When the interaction between smoking status and rs7525160 G > C variant was analyzed with cumulative smoking dose (pack-year). Similarly, GC or CC genotype carriers have increased risk of NSCLC among heavy smokers (pack-year ≥ 25) with OR (95% CI) of 2.01 (1.26-3.20), but not among light smokers (pack-year <25) with OR (95% CI) of 1.32 (0.81-2.16). CR1 rs7525160 G > C polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of developing NSCLC in Chinese population. The association displays a manner of gene-environmental interaction between CR1 rs7525160 tagSNP and smoking status.