tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Impact of chemotherapy (CTX) on venous thromboembolism (VTE) and prognostic implications in patients with metastatic urinary tract tumors (UTT).
Authors: Jorge Ramos, Martin Francis Casey, Simon J. Crabb, Aristotelis Bamias, Lauren Christine Harshman, Yu-Ning Wong, Joaquim Bellmunt, Ugo De Giorgi, Sylvain Ladoire, Thomas Powles, Sumanta Kumar Pal, Guenter Niegisch, Cora N. Sternberg, Ajjai Shivaram Alva, Neeraj Agarwal, Andrea Necchi, Ulka N. Vaishampayan, Jonathan E. Rosenberg, Matt D. Galsky, Evan Y. Yu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

318 Background: VTE is common in cancer patients (incidence rate estimates 1-10%) and a leading cause of mortality in those receiving CTX. Little is known about the risk of VTE in patients with metastatic UTT. Understanding the frequency of VTE, whether CTX portends higher risk and impact on prognosis is of relevance. Methods: Data was collected via an electronic data capture platform from 25 centers. Patients diagnosed with metastatic UTT were eligible. Patients without a known date of diagnosis, last follow up, or VTE data were excluded. First-line treatment regimen was divided into 6 groups (Table). Cumulative and 90-day from metastatic disease diagnosis unadjusted VTE incidence rates were calculated. The impact of patient, therapy and tumor related factors were analyzed. A multivariate, competing risk regression was utilized to compute subdistribution hazard ratios (HR) of VTE risk for each treatment group. A VTE patient was matched to 4 non-VTE patients to carry out Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Cases and controls were matched on survival from date of diagnosis of metastatic disease to date of VTE diagnosis and age group. Results: 1,762 patients were eligible. There were 144 (8.2%) and 60 (3.4%) events cumulative and within the first 90 days, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that non-urothelial histology and history of vascular disease were associated with increased risk. The HR for VTE based on treatment group, adjusted for covariates, is shown in the table. Overall survival was significantly worse in patients with VTE (p = 0.01). Conclusions: In metastatic UTT patients, there was no difference in VTE risk between CTX regimens. Development of VTE has negative impact on survival. [Table: see text]
Tissue segregation restores the induction of bone formation by the mammalian transforming growth factor-β3 in calvarial defects of the non-human primate Papio ursinus
Authors: U. Ripamonti, Roland Manfred Klar, Ruqayya Parak, Caroline Dickens, Therese Dix-Peek, Raquel Duarte
Journal: Biomaterials (2016)
Relapse after interferon alfa-2b therapy for hairy-cell leukemia: analysis of prognostic variables.
Authors: M J Ratain, H M Golomb, J W Vardiman, C A Westbrook, C Barker, A Hooberman, M A Bitter, K Daly
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1988)

Sixty-nine patients with hairy-cell leukemia (HCL) were treated with interferon alfa-2b (IFN) in a single-institution study. The dose used was 2 x 10(6) U/m2 self-administered subcutaneously three times weekly, for a planned treatment duration of 12 to 18 months. Of the 68 evaluable patients, the major response rate was 75%, with 13% complete responses (CRs) and 62% partial responses (PRs). An additional eleven patients (16%) had minor responses (MRs). Duration of response was denoted as failure-free survival (FFS), defined as the time from the end of IFN therapy to a need for further antileukemic therapy. Of the 60 responding patients followed after discontinuation of IFN, 27 have relapsed, requiring further therapy. The median actuarial FFS for these 60 patients is 25.4 months. All but five patients are alive, and the actuarial overall survival for the 69 patients is 91% +/- 4% at 4 years from the start of IFN. The best indicators of relapse were the neutrophil alkaline phosphatase (NAP) score and degree of residual bone marrow hairy cells (%HCL) at the completion of therapy. Patients with NAP less than 30 (n = 21) had the best prognosis (median FFS, 30.4 months), while those with NAP greater than or equal to 30 and %HCL less than or equal to 30 (n = 21) or %HCL greater than 30 (n = 16) had intermediate and poor prognoses, respectively (median FFS, 23.5 and 12.4 months) (P = .0005). Fourteen of the relapsing patients are evaluable for response to a second course of IFN, with seven PRs and four MRs. Stratified randomized trials are indicated to determine the role of maintenance therapy for responding patients.
Treatment of hyperkalemia: something old, something new
Authors: Richard H. Sterns, Marvin Grieff, Paul L. Bernstein
Journal: Kidney International (2016)

Treatment options for hyperkalemia have not changed much since the introduction of the cation exchange resin, sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate, Covis Pharmaceuticals, Cary, NC), over 50 years ago. Although clinicians of that era did not have ready access to hemodialysis or loop diuretics, the other tools that we use today-calcium, insulin, and bicarbonate-were well known to them. Currently recommended insulin regimens provide too little insulin to achieve blood levels with a maximal kalemic effect and too little glucose to avoid hypoglycemia. Short-acting insulins have theoretical advantages over regular insulin in patients with severe kidney disease. Although bicarbonate is no longer recommended for acute management, it may be useful in patients with metabolic acidosis or intact kidney function. Kayexalate is not effective as acute therapy, but a new randomized controlled trial suggests that it is effective when given more chronically. Gastrointestinal side effects and safety concerns about Kayexalate remain. New investigational potassium binders are likely to be approved in the coming year. Although there are some concerns about hypomagnesemia and positive calcium balance from patiromer, and sodium overload from ZS-9 (ZS Pharma, Coppell, TX), both agents have been shown to be effective and well tolerated when taken chronically. ZS-9 shows promise in the acute treatment of hyperkalemia and may make it possible to avoid or postpone the most effective therapy, emergency hemodialysis.
Stage II nonseminomatous testicular cancer: a 10-year experience.
Authors: N J Vogelzang, E E Fraley, P H Lange, J Torkelson, S Levitt, B J Kennedy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1983)

Between 1970 and 1980, 82 patients with pathologic stage II nonseminomatous germ cell testicular carcinoma were treated at the University of Minnesota. Of the 30 patients treated with a retroperitoneal lymph node dissection, 22 (77%) relapsed. Of the 18 patients treated with retroperitoneal lymph node dissection and adjuvant radiotherapy, 12 (63%) relapsed. Sixteen patients received adjuvant chemotherapy before 1976, and 14 (87.5%) relapsed. After 1976, 18 patients received adjuvant chemotherapy (11 with cisplatin) and 2 (11%) have relapsed. No patient treated with cisplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy has relapsed. The toxicity has been modest. Cisplatin-based chemotherapy is an effective and a safe adjuvant therapy for stage II nonseminomatous germ cell testicular carcinoma.
Women with Her2 unamplified but chromosome 17 hyperploid metatstatic breast cancer (MBC) respond to traztuzumab
Authors: A. Brufsky, S. Chow, A. Kapoor, R. Bhargava, U. Surti, M. Rosenzweig
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

21051 Background: Guidelines for the interpretation of Her2 testing by FISH in determining therapy for Her2 positive metatstatic breast cancer generally suggest that only women with Her2 to chromosome 17 (CEP 17) amplification ratios of greater than 2.0 will benefit from traztuzumab. However, hyperploidy of chromosome 17 may lead to increased Her2 copy number despite a normal HER2/CEP 17 ratio, which may also predict response. We sought to examine hyperploid frequency in a well defined Her2 positive MBC population. We also sought to determine the time to progression (TTP) on first chemotherapy for MBC in such women, as well as their overall survival (OS) with MBC. Methods: A tissue mircoarray (TMA) with 3-fold redundancy was constructed using 0.6mm cores from primary or metatstatic paraffin embedded tumor from 124 cases which were Her2 2+ or 3+ by IHC, or amplified by FISH, on pathology report. Four micron thick TMA sections were used for HER2 IHC and HER2 FISH analysis. HER2/CEP 17 ratios of 2.0 or more was considered as amplification. If the tumor was 2+ or 3+ by IHC, greater than or equal to 3 signals for chromosome 17 were seen in a majority of cell nuclei, and the HER2/CEP17 ratio was less than 2.0, the tumor was considered hyperploid Her2 FISH negative. Results: Tissue blocks from 52 tumors delivered clearly interpretable amplification for Her2 by FISH. An additional 10 tumors (8%) were hyperploid, IHC positive (2+ or 3+), and FISH negative. Median survival (Kaplan-Meier) was 39 months (95% CI, 21–62) for women with hyperploid FISH negative tumors and 41 months (95% CI, 25–53) for women with FISH positive tumors (p=0.63, NS, Wilcoxon). Median time to progression (Kaplan-Meier) on first therapy for metastatic disease was 14 months (95% CI, 8–20) for hyperploid FISH negative tumors and 15 months (95% CI, 12–18) for women with FISH positive tumors (p=0.41, NS, Wilcoxon). Conclusions: In this analysis, women with hyperploid Her2 FISH negative IHC positive tumors had similar TTP and OS as women with Her2 FISH positive tumors. These women, although Her2 FISH negative, appeared to respond well to traztuzumab. These provocative results should be repeated on larger data sets. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Autophagic induction by graphene oxide and its reductives in pulmonary epithelial cells
Authors: Jong Wook Shin, Chang Seok Park, Jae Woo Jung, Jae Cheol Choi, Jae Yeol Kim, In Won Park, Byoung Whui Choi, Soo Young Kim, Kyoung Soon Choi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background: The graphene is an carbon allotrope with honeycombing structure of one-atom-thick planar sheets. Due to its unique chemicophysical properties, graphene becomes one of vast utilized material for modern electronic, informative technologies especially for medical device. For the consequence of GO manufacturing, biologic toxicity of GO must be concerned. Thus, we studied the cellular proliferation or cytotoxicity and autophagic phenomenon induced by graphene oxide and its reductives in pulmonary epithelial cells.

Materials and Methods: A549 cells were cultured in DMEM(Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium) with 10% fetal bovine serum. Graphene oxide(GO), reduced GO(rGO), sodium dodecyl amine GO(SDS-GO) and hydrazine-amine GO(DA-GO). MTT was performed for cell proliferation assay. Western blots were done for expression of LC3B-I/LC3B-II, beclin-1 and mTOR.

Results: R-GO, SDS-GO, DA-GO and rGO inhibited the proliferation of A549 cells in 24, 48 hours of treatment with concentration- and time-dependent manner. LC3B-I/LC3B-II ratio showed increasing trends in 5, 50 and 200 μ/ml of 4 each GO and but sometimes returned to control range in 200 μ/ml of rGO. Beclin-I expression showed down-regulatory patterns in GO and SDS-GO but not in DA-GO and rGO. The mTOR expression showed lower levels in GO, DA-GO, SDS-GO than that of control.

Conclusion: GO and its derivatives can inhibit proliferation and induce autophagy of pulmonary epithelial cells.

Acknowledgement: This research was supported by Mid-career Research Program (2011-0028752) through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology.
Abstract 15207: Stroke Volume and Cardiac Index at Exercise as Measured by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Predicts Metabolic Exercise Performance
Authors: Kevin Whitehead, Reza Khiabani, Matthew A Harris, Maria Restrepo, Ravi S Doddasomayajula, Stephen M Paridon, Ajit P Yoganathan, Mark A Fogel
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Single ventricle pts with Fontan palliation are known to have decreased exercise (Ex) performance. However, mechanisms of this limitation are still poorly understood. We wished to study...
Identification Of C-Terminal Truncated Splice Variants Of The Apoptosis-Stimulating Protein Of p53-2 (ASPP2) In Acute Leukemia Lacking The p53-Binding Site
Authors: Kerstin M Kampa-Schittenhelm, Barbara Illing, Figen Akmut, Michael Walter, Charles D Lopez, Marcus M Schittenhelm
Journal: Blood (2013)
Comparative side effects of yttrium-90 based intra-arterial brachytherapy
Authors: D. M. Coldwell, A. Kennedy, D. Vanecho
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

3760 Background: Hepatic carcinoma as well as metastases are difficult to treat even though the chemotherapy regimens have significantly advanced over the last few years. More effort is now being made to treat these patients with loco-regional therapies to include the use of intra-arterially directed brachytherapy using yttrium-90 containing particles. There are two particle based therapies, a glass bead based and one that is plastic bead based. Methods: The first 50 patients using each of these therapies were compared to determine the side effects and complications. Each patient was followed during the procedure, the immediate post operative course until the side effects resolved. Results: The plastic bead therapy patients uniformly had the post embolization syndrome of nausea, vomiting, fever, leukocytosis, and increased liver function tests. These symptoms lasted 2–14 days (mean 4). Two patients had gastric ulcer formation due to the particles being embolized into accessory left gastric arteries. The glass bead therapy patients had fewer post embolization syndrome effects but more effects due to gravity since these beads are denser than blood, 14/50 patients had noticable overtreatment of posterior portions of the liver infused . There were more gastric ulcers present, 8/50. Conclusions: This is a promising therapy and the centers applying this treatment should be aware that the side effects and complications seen are specific to the agent utilized. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Preoperative transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and chemotherapy for hepatic colorectal metastases: Impact on hepatic histology and postoperative outcome
Authors: Q. Lu, A. Zhao, L. Shen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e15090 Background: The objective was to evaluate the effect of preoperative administration of TACE and chemotherapy on hepatic injury and on postoperative outcome in patients with colorectal liver metastases (CRM) Methods: Seventy seven patients underwent hepatic resection for CRM between January 1999 and December 2007 were evaluated. Pathologic review of the non-tumorous liver was performed using established criteria for steatosis, steatohepatitis, and sinusoidal dilation. The effect of two different treatment and hepatotoxicity on postoperative outcome was analyzed. Results: 40 patients (51.9%) received no preoperative treatment, where 27 patients (35.0%) received preoperative chemotherapy, 10 patients (12.9%) performed TACE before resection. The median duration of TACE group was 4.5 months (range, 1–6 months), where the median duration of chemotherapy group was 5 cycles (range, 2–9 cycles). Chemotherapy regimen consisted of oxalipaltin plus FU (29.9%), or irinotecan plus FU (5.2%). On pathologic analysis, 36 patients (46.7%) had steatosis, 24 (31.1%) had sinusoidal dilation, and 8 (10.3%) had steatohepatitis. TACE was associated with steatosis, steatohepatosis and postoperative complication, when compared with no chemotherapy (all p&lt;0.05).Among chemotherapy group,Oxaliplatin was associated with steatohepatitis compared with no preoperative treatment (13.0% v 0%, respectively; p&lt;0.05). Irinotecan was associated with steatohepatitis compared with no preoperative treatment (50% v 0%, respectively; p=0.0006). Patients with preoperative chemotherapy had increased steatohepatitis compared with no treatment group (18.5% v 0%, respectively, p=0.0008), the postoperative morbility rate in preoperative chemotherapy (25.9%) was double that of the no-chemotherapy (12.5%), but this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.20). Preoperative chemotherapy was also not associated with 90-day mortality. Conclusions: Preoperative TACE treatment may cause pathological liver injury, and increase postoperative morbility after hepatic surgery. The standard preoperative chemotherapy regimen with Oxaliplatin or Irinotecan may increase steatohepatis. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Tumor-cell DNA content predicts outcome in children and adolescents with clinical group III embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. The Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study Committee of the Children's Cancer Group and the Pediatric Oncology Group.
Authors: A S Pappo, W M Crist, J Kuttesch, S Rowe, R A Ashmun, H M Maurer, W A Newton, L Asmar, X Luo, D N Shapiro
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1993)

PURPOSE The prognostic value of tumor-cell DNA content (ploidy) was evaluated in children with unresectable, nonmetastic rhabdomyosarcoma of embryonal histology. PATIENTS AND METHODS Flow-cytometric techniques were used to estimate the ploidy of tumor specimens from 34 patients with embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma who were enrolled in the intergroup rhabdomyosarcoma study III (IRS III) from 1985 to 1991. Tumors were classified as diploid or hyperdiploid (DNA content, 1.1 to 1.8 times that of normal diploid cells). The influence of ploidy on clinical outcome was assessed by the Kaplan-Meier technique and Cox regression analysis with stepwise selection. RESULTS Twelve of the tumor specimens were diploid and 22 were hyperdiploid. The patient groups defined by diploid or hyperdiploid tumors had similar presenting characteristics (eg, age, tumor size, and anatomic site). Significantly more children with hyperdiploid tumors achieved a complete response than did children with diploid tumors (85% v 42%; P = .01). The probability of progression-free survival at 5 years (+/- SE) was 91% +/- 6% for the hyperdiploid group, compared with 17% +/- 11% for the diploid group (P &lt; .001). Hyperdiploidy was also associated with a significantly higher overall survival rate at 5 years: 96% +/- 4% versus 50% +/- 14% (P = .004). Ploidy retained its prognostic significance after adjustment for tumor site in the Cox regression model. CONCLUSION Tumor-cell ploidy strongly correlates with outcome in children with nonmetastic, unresectable embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. The two biologically distinct groups identified by this measure would benefit from further refinements in risk-directed therapy.
Barriers and stimuli for genetic counseling among unaffected women at high risk for breast cancer
Authors: S. Cummings, A. Pakilit, M. Stolley, S. Khan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

6144 Background: Genetic counseling (GC) is available to provide risk assessment and education about hereditary cancer, explore the medical and psychosocial impact of these risks, and to facilitate genetic testing (GT) and its complex interpretation. While the motivations for undergoing GT have been well documented, little is known about patient motives to initially seek GC. Current uptake of GC services does not match the number of eligible patients. This study attempted to characterize the barriers and stimuli for cancer GC among unaffected women at high risk for breast cancer. Methods: IRB approval was obtained for this qualitative interview study. 54 unaffected patients who received a cancer genetics referral from a high-risk breast clinic were invited to participate. 18 subjects completed written questionnaires and 60-min telephone interviews, which were audiotaped and transcribed. A detailed coding system was developed and N*Vivo software was used in order to identify themes in the factors affecting intent to pursue GC. Results: We identified four themes in the factors affecting uptake of GC: 1)patient understanding of GC, 2)patient awareness of increased cancer risk, 3) family-tied life events (e.g. reproduction, caretaking, death), and 4) support for GC from physicians and family. The most common theme was patient understanding of GC. Subjects did not seem to differentiate between GC and GT, and they deferred GC until they were prepared to undergo GT. Conclusion: We identified barriers and stimuli for GC that were similar to those previously described for GT. The misconception that GC automatically leads to GT, and the subsequent low uptake of GC referrals, may be influenced by the current practice of non-directive referrals. Providing more directive referrals for GC, without being directive about GT, may reduce barriers to GC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Phase II study of continuous intravenous infusion of recombinant interleukin-2 in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma
Authors: M. Lopez, S. Carpano, A. Cancrini, M. Marcellini, P. Del Medico, M. Rinaldi, P. Vici, G. Paoletti, L. Di Lauro
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1993)
Diabetes mellitus as a compelling indication for use of renin angiotensin system blockers: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials
Authors: Sripal Bangalore, Robert Fakheri, Bora Toklu, Franz H Messerli
Journal: BMJ (2016)

<b>Objective</b>&nbsp;To evaluate the outcomes with use of renin angiotensin system (RAS) blockers compared with other antihypertensive agents in people with diabetes. <b>Design</b>&nbsp;Meta-analysis. <b>Data sources and study selection</b>&nbsp;PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane central register of controlled trials databases for randomized trials of RAS blockers versus other antihypertensive agents in people with diabetes mellitus. Outcomes were death, cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, angina, stroke, heart failure, revascularization, and end stage renal disease. <b>Results</b>&nbsp;The search yielded 19 randomized controlled trials that enrolled 25 414 participants with diabetes for a total of 95 910 patient years of follow-up. When compared with other antihypertensive agents, RAS blockers were associated with a similar risk of death (relative risk 0.99, 95% confidence interval 0.93 to 1.05), cardiovascular death (1.02, 0.83 to 1.24), myocardial infarction (0.87, 0.64 to 1.18), angina pectoris (0.80, 0.58 to 1.11), stroke (1.04, 0.92 to 1.17), heart failure (0.90, 0.76 to 1.07), and revascularization (0.97, 0.77 to 1.22). There was also no difference in the hard renal outcome of end stage renal disease (0.99, 0.78 to 1.28) (power of 94% to show a 23% reduction in end stage renal disease). <b>Conclusions</b>&nbsp;In people with diabetes, RAS blockers are not superior to other antihypertensive drug classes such as thiazides, calcium channel blockers, and β blockers at reducing the risk of hard cardiovascular and renal endpoints. These findings support the recommendations of the guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology/European Society of Hypertension and eighth Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure to also use other antihypertensive agents in people with diabetes but without kidney disease.