tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reply to F.-C. Bidard et al
Authors: Jeffrey B. Smerage, William E. Barlow, Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, Daniel F. Hayes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

We thank Bidard and Pierga for their thoughtful comments regarding SWOG S0500. We agree that the results of S0500 demonstrate that patients with elevated circulating tumor cells (CTCs) who do not have a CTC response after one cycle of cytotoxic therapy likely have tumors that exhibit general resistance to cytotoxic mechanisms. Unfortunately, this observation meant that our hypothesis—that switching to an alternate cytotoxic early would improve outcomes— was incorrect. However, the results do demonstrate that CTC levels after one cycle of cytotoxic therapy provide statistically significant and potentially clinically useful prognostic information. We believe this knowledge could be used to encourage patients who fail to decrease their CTC below the threshold to participate in trials of novel (noncytotoxic) and perhaps genomically selected, targeted therapies Bidard and Pierga suggest that S0500 would have been better performed in a non–first-line setting by enriching for a population with a higher level of chemoresistance. This concept is not fully applicable to the hypothesis behind the S0500 design. It had been assumed that, by switching early in the metastatic disease course, the different chemotherapy regimens would not be cross-resistant. Therefore, benefit from switching to an alternative class of cytotoxic therapy early, based on CTC level, would most likely be seen in the first-line setting before generalized resistance to all cytotoxic mechanisms could occur. In addition, secondary aims of the study were to confirm the good prognostic value of both low CTCs at both baseline and after one cycle of therapy. These end points were felt to be most appropriately tested in the first-line setting. Bidard and Pierga also question whether the CTC threshold of 5 CTC/7.5 mL was optimal for this study population. We believe that lowering the threshold would have risked confounding of the trial by the analytic variability of the assay ( 2-4 CTC/7.5 mL whole blood), making assessment of true CTC response more difficult. We completely support the ongoing clinical trials that continue to address the clinical utility of CTC in both the metastatic and adjuvant settings.
Platelets and the vascular responses to arachidonic acid in dogs
Authors: M. JOHNSON, T. C. WICKS, T. M. FITZPATRICK, P. A. KOT, P. W. RAMWELL, J. C. ROSE
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1977)

Journal Article Platelets and the vascular responses to arachidonic acid in dogs Get access M. JOHNSON, M. JOHNSON From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar T. C. WICKS, T. C. WICKS From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar T. M. FITZPATRICK, T. M. FITZPATRICK From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar P. A. KOT, P. A. KOT 2 From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington 2Address for correspondence and reprints: Dr Peter A. Kot, Department of Physiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3900 Reservoir Road, NW Washington, DC 20007. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar P. W. RAMWELL, P. W. RAMWELL From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. C. ROSE J. C. ROSE From the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 11, Issue 3, May 1977, Pages 238–241, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/11.3.238 Published: 01 May 1977
Hazards of horse-riding as a popular sport.
Authors: J R Silver, J M Parry
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1991)

The increasing incidence of horse-riding accidents, which are often severe in nature, prompted a pilot study of a questionnaire designed to elucidate the cause of such accidents. It was hoped that, on a larger scale, the information gleaned would highlight possible preventative measures which might improve the safety of an important recreational pursuit enjoyed by young and old from many walks of life. A retrospective study of riders sustaining serious spinal injuries admitted to Stoke Mandeville Hospital was compared with riders sustaining minor but significant injuries as the accidents came to the attention of the authors. The detailed analysis paid particular attention to the setting and to the experience and task of horse and rider. It was found that 70% of the 20 accidents could be thought attributable to the behaviour of the horse at the time, and seven of these were in the spinal injuries group. Rider error was a significant contribution in seven cases, and in two instances the rider was under instruction at the time. There was also inadequate experience of the rider in seven cases, of which five were thought to show inadequate supervision. The limited number of cases studied precludes significant observations, but, as the majority of accidents seemed preventable, a larger study has been initiated in collaboration with the British Horse Society.
Loss of heterozygosity 1p/19q and survival in glioma: a meta-analysis
Authors: Jiaxin Zhao, Wenjie Ma, Hong Zhao
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2013)

Glioma is rarely curable, and factors that influence the prognosis of glioma patients are not fully understood. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of 1p/19q has long been known to be a typical molecular signature of oligodendroglial neoplasms. However, whether LOH of 1p/19q is associated with survival in gliomas remains controversial. Here our goal was to evaluate the association between LOH of 1p/19q and progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) by conducting a meta-analysis among glioma cases. The PubMed and Embase databases were searched from the earliest records to May 2013 to identify studies that met prestated inclusion criteria. Reference lists of retrieved articles were also reviewed. Three authors independently extracted information needed for further analysis. Either a fixed- or a random-effects model was used to calculate the overall combined hazard ratio (HR) estimates. Twenty-eight eligible studies involving 3 408 cases were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with the chromosomal intact group, codeletion of 1p and 19q was associated with a better PFS (HR = 0.63; 95% CI, 0.52–0.76) and OS (HR = 0.43; 95% CI, 0.35–0.53). Subgroup analyses showed this association to be independent of detection methods and the grades and subtypes of gliomas. Furthermore, isodeletion of chromosome 1p predicted a similar favorable disease outcome (PFS: HR = 0.68; 95% CI, 0.47–0.97) (OS: HR = 0.51; 95% CI, 0.35–0.75), especially in low-grade gliomas, whereas isodeletion of 19q only indicated longer PFS (HR = 0.70; 95% CI, 0.56–0.87). Codeletion of 1p and 19q is associated with better survival rates in glioma. Isodeletion of 1p predicts similar outcomes but to a lesser extent, whereas the effects of isodeletion of 19q remained only marginal.
Prognostic value of regulatory T cells, lymphoma-associated macrophages, and MUM-1 expression in follicular lymphoma treated before and after the introduction of monoclonal antibody therapy: a Southwest Oncology Group Study
Authors: J.W. Sweetenham, B. Goldman, M.L. LeBlanc, J.R. Cook, R.R. Tubbs, O.W. Press, D.G. Maloney, R.I. Fisher, L.M. Rimsza, R.M. Braziel, E.D. Hsi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2009)
Altered expression of myosin heavy chain in the vastus lateralis muscle in patients with COPD
Authors: F. Maltais, M.J. Sullivan, P LeBlanc, B.d Duscha, F.h Schachat, C Simard, J.m Blank, J Jobin
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1999)

This study was designed to further characterize peripheral skeletal muscle alterations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and to evaluate the possible relationship between myosin heavy chain (MyoHC) isoform expression and exercise tolerance in these individuals. MyoHC composition from biopsy of the vastus lateralis muscle was examined in 12 COPD patients (forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)=31+/-9% predicted, peak oxygen consumption (V9O2)=15+/-4 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)) and 10 age-matched normal male subjects (peak V9O2=20+/-5 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)). The proportion of MyoHC type I was smaller in COPD than in normals (27+/-17% versus 41+/-9%, p&lt;0.05) with an increase in MyoHC type IIa (51+/-15% versus 39+/-9%, p&lt;0.05) and the proportion of MyoHC type IIx being comparable between both groups. A significant relationship was found between peak V9Oo2 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1) and FEV1 % pred (r=0.91, p&lt;0.0001) and the percentage of MyoHC type I (r=0.61, p=0.016). In stepwise multiple regression, only FEV1 % pred was found to be a significant determinant of peak V9O2 (p&lt;0.0001). This variable explained 83% of the total variance of peak V9O2. In summary, this study showed considerable modifications in the phenotypic expression of the myosin heavy chain in the vastus lateralis muscle in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. An independent effect of myosin heavy chain expression on exercise capacity was not found. These results suggest that chronic inactivity and muscle deconditioning may not be the sole factors explaining peripheral muscle dysfunction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Vaccination against Chlamydial Genital Tract Infection after Immunization with Dendritic Cells Pulsed Ex Vivo with Nonviable <i>Chlamydiae </i>
Authors: Hua Su, Ronald Messer, William Whitmire, Elizabeth Fischer, John C. Portis, Harlan D. Caldwell
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1998)

Chlamydia trachomatis, an obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen of mucosal surfaces, is a major cause of preventable blindness and sexually transmitted diseases for which vaccines are badly needed. Despite considerable effort, antichlamydial vaccines have proven to be elusive using conventional immunization strategies. We report the use of murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DC) pulsed ex vivo with killed chlamydiae as a novel approach to vaccination against chlamydial infection. Our results show that DC efficiently phagocytose chlamydiae, secrete IL-12 p40, and present chlamydial antigen(s) to infection sensitized CD4(+) T cells. Mice immunized intravenously with chlamydial-pulsed DC produce protective immunity against chlamydial infection of the female genital tract equal to that obtained after infection with live organisms. Immunized mice shed approximately 3 logs fewer infectious chlamydiae and are protected from genital tract inflammatory and obstructive disease. Protective immunity is correlated with a chlamydial-specific Th1-biased response that closely mimics the immune response produced after chlamydial infection. Thus, ex vivo antigen-pulsed DC represent a powerful tool for the study of protective immunity to chlamydial mucosal infection and for the identification of chlamydial protective antigens through reconstitution experiments. Moreover, these findings might impact the design of vaccine strategies against other medically important sexually transmitted diseases for which vaccines are sought but which have proven difficult to develop.
Standardized quality (SQ) house dust mite sublingual immunotherapy tablet (ALK) reduces inhaled corticosteroid use while maintaining asthma control: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Holger Mosbech, Regina Deckelmann, Fréderic de Blay, Elide Anna Pastorello, Ewa Trebas-Pietras, Luis Prieto Andres, Inga Malcus, Christian Ljørring, Giorgio Walter Canonica
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
Global Task Force on Radiotherapy for Cancer Control
Authors: David A Jaffray, Felicia M Knaul, Rifat Atun, Cary Adams, Michael B Barton, Michael Baumann, Yolande Lievens, Tracey Y M Lui, Danielle L Rodin, Eduardo Rosenblatt, Julie Torode, Jacob Van Dyk, Bhadrasain Vikram, Mary Gospodarowicz
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2015)
A Prognostic Model for Predicting Radiographic Progression- Free Survival (Rpfs) in Metastatic Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer Men Treated with Second-Line Chemotherapy
Authors: S. Halabi, H. Zhou, E.J. Small, N.C. Solomon, A.J. Armstrong, L. Shen, S. Oudard, O. Sartor, J.S. de Bono
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Sleep-related O2 desaturation and daytime pulmonary haemodynamics in COPD patients with mild hypoxaemia
Authors: A Chaouat, E Weitzenblum, R Kessler, C Charpentier, M Ehrhart, P Levi-Valensi, J Zielinski, L Delaunois, R Cornudella, J Moutinho dos Santos
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1997)

It has been hypothesized but not firmly established that sleep-related hypoxaemia could favour the development of pulmonary hypertension in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients without marked daytime hypoxaemia. We have investigated the relationships between pulmonary function data, sleep-related desaturation and daytime pulmonary haemodynamics in a group of 94 COPD patients not qualifying for conventional O2 therapy (daytime arterial oxygen tension (Pa,O2) in the range 7.4-9.2 kPa (56-69 mmHg)). Nocturnal desaturation was defined by spending &gt; or = 30% of the recording time with a transcutaneous O2 saturation &lt; 90%. An obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome was excluded by polysomnography. Sixty six patients were desaturators (Group 1) and 28 were nondesaturators (Group 2). There was no significant difference between Groups 1 and 2 with regard to pulmonary volumes and Pa,O2 (8.4+/-0.6 vs 8.4+/-0.4 kPa (63+/-4 vs 63+/-3 mmHg)) but arterial carbon dioxide tension (Pa,CO2) was higher in Group 1 (6.0+/-0.7 vs 53+/-0.5 kPa (45+/-5 vs 40+/-4 mmHg); p&lt;0.0001). Mean pulmonary artery pressure (Ppa) was very similar in the two groups (2.6+/-0.7 vs 2.5+/-0.6 kPa (19+/-5 vs 19+/-4 mmHg)). No individual variable or combination of variables could predict the presence of pulmonary hypertension. It is concluded that in these patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with modest daytime hypoxaemia, functional and gasometric variables (with the noticeable exception of arterial carbon dioxide tension) cannot predict the presence of nocturnal desaturation; and that mean pulmonary artery pressure is not correlated with the degree and duration of nocturnal hypoxaemia. These results do not support the hypothesis that sleep-related hypoxaemia favours the development of pulmonary hypertension.
Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) in psoriatic arthritis: pathophysiology and treatment with TNF inhibitors
Authors: P J Mease
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2002)

High levels of proinflammatory cytokines, including tumour necrosis factor (TNF), have been detected in psoriatic skin lesions and joints of patients with the inflammatory disease. Early results of treatment of psoriatic arthritis and psoriasis with TNF neutralising agents are encouraging, but whether these agents will be able to improve long term outcomes, such as disability, is not yet known.
Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm: clinical features in 90 patients
Authors: F. Julia, T. Petrella, M. Beylot-Barry, M. Bagot, D. Lipsker, L. Machet, P. Joly, O. Dereure, M. Wetterwald, M. d'Incan, F. Grange, J. Cornillon, G. Tertian, E. Maubec, P. Saiag, S. Barete, I. Templier, F. Aubin, S. Dalle
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare disease characterized by malignant proliferation of a contingent blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell. This rare entity is recognized mostly by cutaneous spreading, or not having a leukaemic component. The prognosis is very poor.To study a large cohort of 90 patients with BPDCN, to define additional symptoms to form a correct diagnosis earlier, and to manage such patients accordingly.We retrospectively reviewed BPDCN cases registered in the French Study Group on Cutaneous Lymphoma database between November 1995 and January 2012. Ninety patients were studied. Demographic data, clinical presentation, initial staging and outcome were recorded.The group contained 62 male and 28 female patients (sex ratio 2·2). Their ages ranged from 8 to 103 years at the time of diagnosis (mean 67·2 years). Three major different clinical presentations were identified. Sixty-six patients (73%) presented with nodular lesions only, 11 patients (12%) with 'bruise-like' patches and 13 (14%) with disseminated lesions (patches and nodules). Mucosal lesions were seen in five patients (6%). The median survival in patients with BPDCN was 12 months.We here distinguish three different clinical presentations of BPDCN. A nodular pattern is a more common feature than the originally reported 'bruise-like' pattern. Despite the fact that BPDCN may initially appear as a localized skin tumour, aggressive management including allogeneic bone marrow transplantation should be considered immediately, as it is currently the only option associated with long-term survival.
Patient predictors for outcome of gonadotrophin ovulation induction in women with normogonadotrophic anovulatory infertility: a meta-analysis
Authors: Annemarie G M G J Mulders, Joop S E Laven, Marinus J C Eijkemans, Edward G Hughes, Bart C J M Fauser
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2003)

A systematic review was conducted to determine whether initial screening characteristics of women with normogonadotrophic anovulatory infertility predict clinically significant outcomes of ovulation induction with gonadotrophins, and to obtain pooled estimates of their predictive value through meta‐analysis. Only those studies in which pre‐treatment screening characteristics (such as body mass index, serum LH and androgens, insulin sensitivity and ultrasound appearance of ovaries) were related to outcome parameters (such as total amount of FSH administered, cancellation, ovulation, pregnancy and miscarriage), were included in this analysis. Thirteen studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. A positive association was seen in all studies between the level of obesity (definition applied as assessed by individual studies) and total amount of FSH administered [weighted mean difference (WMD) of 771 IU (95% confidence interval (CI): 700–842)]. Pooled odds ratios (OR) of 1.86 (95% CI: 1.13–3.06) and 0.44 (95% CI: 0.31–0.61) were found between obesity with cancellation and ovulation respectively. Pooled analysis did not show a significant association between obesity and pregnancy rate. The pooled OR for obese versus non‐obese women and miscarriage rate was significant [3.05 (95% CI: 1.45–6.44)]. Association measures between insulin resistance (definition applied as assessed by individual studies) and total amount of FSH administered produced a WMD of 351 (95% CI: 73–630) IU. A pooled OR of 0.29 (95% CI: 0.10–0.80) was found for insulin resistance with pregnancy rate. The pooled OR for insulin resistance (hyperinsuliaemia versus normoinsuliaemia) and miscarriage rate was not significant. A pooled OR of 1.04 (95% CI: 1.01–1.07) was found for LH (IU/l) with pregnancy rate. The pooled OR for LH and miscarriage rate was not significant. Finally, pooled analysis did not find a significant association between testosterone and pregnancy rate. In conclusion, the best available evidence, though limited, suggests that the most clinically useful predictors of gonadotrophin ovulation induction outcome in normogonadotrophic women are obesity and insulin resistance.
The effects of an aromatic retinoid (etretinate) on epidermal cell production and metabolism in normal and ichthyotic patients
Authors: A.D. PEARSE, S.A. GASKELL, R. MARKS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

Normal subjects and ichthyotic patients were biopsied before and after etretinate (Tigason) therapy. Histometric and cell kinetic measurements showed minimal changes following treatment. The metabolic activity across the epidermis was measured by a novel approach using the Quantimet 720 image analyser, and was significantly increased in the normal subjects as demonstrated by glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) and non-specific esterase (NSE) activities. In the ichthyotics studied the levels of G6PDH and SDH activity were significantly lowered following etretinate therapy, to levels similar to those demonstrated in normal subjects. In contrast, the activity of NSE was increased in the ichthyotics after etretinate therapy. It is suggested that the effect of retinoids is to 'normalize' the process of epidermal differentiation when it is abnormal.
Defective Claudin-7 Regulation by Tcf-4 and Sox-9 Disrupts the Polarity and Increases the Tumorigenicity of Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Charbel Darido, Michael Buchert, Julie Pannequin, Pauline Bastide, Hassan Zalzali, Theo Mantamadiotis, Jean-François Bourgaux, Véronique Garambois, Philippe Jay, Philippe Blache, Dominique Joubert, Frédéric Hollande
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Tight junctions have recently emerged as essential signaling regulators of proliferation and differentiation in epithelial tissues. Here, we aimed to identify the factors regulating claudin-7 expression in the colon, and analyzed the consequences of claudin-7 overexpression in colorectal carcinoma (CRC). In healthy human colonic crypts, claudin-7 expression was found to be low in the stem/progenitor cell compartment, where Tcf-4 activity is high, but strong in differentiated and postmitotic cells, where Tcf-4 is inactive. In contrast, claudin-7 was overexpressed in areas with high Tcf-4 target gene levels in CRC samples. In vitro, Tcf-4 was able to repress claudin-7 expression, and the high mobility group–box transcription factor Sox-9 was identified as an essential mediator of this effect. Claudin-7 was strongly expressed in the intestine of Sox-9–deficient mice and in CRC cells with low Sox transcriptional activity. Sox-9 overexpression in these cells reinstated claudin-7 repression, and residual claudin-7 was no longer localized along the basolateral membrane, but was instead restricted to tight junctions. Using HT-29Cl.16E CRC cell spheroids, we found that Sox-9–induced polarization was completely reversed after virus-mediated claudin-7 overexpression. Claudin-7 overexpression in this context increased Tcf-4 target gene expression, proliferation, and tumorigenicity after injection in nude mice. Our results indicate that Tcf-4 maintains low levels of claudin-7 at the bottom of colonic crypts, acting via Sox-9. This negative regulation seems to be defective in CRC, possibly due to decreased Sox-9 activity, and the resulting claudin-7 overexpression promotes a loss of tumor cell polarization and contributes to tumorigenesis. [Cancer Res 2008;68(11):4258–68]