tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Preclinical Validation of the Utility of BLZ-100 in Providing Fluorescence Contrast for Imaging Spontaneous Solid Tumors
Authors: Janean Fidel, Katie C. Kennedy, William S. Dernell, Stacey Hansen, Valorie Wiss, Mark R. Stroud, Joshua I. Molho, Sue E. Knoblaugh, Jeffrey Meganck, James M. Olson, Brad Rice, Julia Parrish-Novak
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract There is a need in surgical oncology for contrast agents that can enable real-time intraoperative visualization of solid tumors that can enable complete resections while sparing normal surrounding tissues. The Tumor Paint agent BLZ-100 is a peptide–fluorophore conjugate that can specifically bind solid tumors and fluoresce in the near-infrared range, minimizing light scatter and signal attenuation. In this study, we provide a preclinical proof of concept for use of this imaging contrast agent as administered before surgery to dogs with a variety of naturally occurring spontaneous tumors. Imaging was performed on excised tissues as well as intraoperatively in a subset of cases. Actionable contrast was achieved between tumor tissue and surrounding normal tissues in adenocarcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas, mast cell tumors, and soft tissue sarcomas. Subcutaneous soft tissue sarcomas were labeled with the highest fluorescence intensity and greatest tumor-to-background signal ratio. Our results establish a foundation that rationalizes clinical studies in humans with soft tissue sarcoma, an indication with a notably high unmet need. Cancer Res; 75(20); 4283–91. ©2015 AACR.
Awareness among oncology providers and financial counselors of a California law requiring third-party payer coverage of cancer clinical Trial (CCT) Costs
Authors: R. M. Guy, C. Chiechi, D. Paterniti, C. Turrell, L. Beckett, J. L. Gonzalez, T. Wun, M. Chen, M. Huynh, P. N. Lara
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

6111 Background: CCTs are essential for improving patient outcomes; however, only 3% of all newly diagnosed cancer patients participate. Barriers to accrual must be identified and overcome to increase patient participation. In January 2002, a new California law (SB37) required insurers to reimburse the routine costs of care for CCTs. We sought to determine the level of SB37 awareness among cancer care providers (CCP) and financial counselors (FC) in oncology practices within the catchment area of the UCDCC. Methods: A questionnaire was provided to CCP and FC, inquiring about their awareness of SB37-mandated third party reimbursement for CCTs, as well as to the availability of financial counseling on insurance coverage within their practices. Results: Of 44 respondents (29 CCP, 15 FC) 27 (61%) were from ANCO, a community-based oncology advocacy group comprised primarily of medical oncologists, and 17 (39%) were from the UCDCC. CCTs were available at the practice site in 98% of respondents. Financial counseling services were available for 33 respondents (75%). Only 20 respondents (45%) stated that such counseling was provided routinely to patients. Although 37 respondents (84%) were aware of SB37 (10 "somewhat" and 27 "very" aware), 17 (39%) had not used or did not report using SB37 to secure CCT reimbursement. Conclusions: Although CCT availability is high (98%) in both academic and community practice settings, awareness of CCT reimbursement issues, specifically regarding SB37, is not yet universal. Efforts to further increase accrual to CCTs must include enhancing patient, CCP and FC awareness of SB37. Routine patient access to FC advice and support should be considered by all oncology practices to increase benefit from SB37. A multimedia informational campaign has been launched within the UCDCC catchment area to increase CCT and SB37 awareness in an effort to boost CCT accrual. (Supported by R21 CA10172 & ACS-CRTG 19701CCE) No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Phase II randomized trial of cisplatin chemotherapy regimens in the treatment of recurrent or metastatic squamous cell cancer of the cervix: a Southwest Oncology Group Study.
Authors: D S Alberts, R Kronmal, L H Baker, D L Stock-Novack, E A Surwit, J G Boutselis, E V Hannigan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1987)

Cisplatin has proven to be the most active single agent in the treatment of metastatic and recurrent squamous cell cancer of the cervix. In a previous southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) pilot study, the addition of cisplatin to a mitomycin-C, vincristine, and bleomycin (MVB) regimen resulted in a relatively high percentage of durable complete responses. To gain more experience with cisplatin-based chemotherapy regimens, the SWOG initiated a phase II randomized trial of cisplatin, mitomycin-C plus cisplatin (MC), and MVB plus cisplatin (MVBC) in 119 patients with advanced squamous cell cancer of the cervix and no prior chemotherapy exposure. Because of slow patient accrual early in the trial, the cisplatin arm was discontinued. Five patients were declared ineligible according to protocol criteria. The three treatment groups were relatively well matched for age, prior radiation exposure, and sites of measurable disease. The overall objective response rates for cisplatin, MC, and MVBC treated patients were 33%, 25%, and 22%, respectively. Median response durations were greater than 6 months. Median survival durations associated with cisplatin, MC, and MVBC treatment were 17.0, 7.0, and 6.9 months, respectively. There were no drug-related deaths. Severe or life-threatening leukopenia and thrombocytopenia were observed in 18% to 24% of patients treated with MVBC and MC, but in none of those receiving cisplatin alone. We conclude that the low response rates and short durations of both response and survival observed in patients randomized to the two chemotherapy combinations suggest that only enhanced toxicity was gained through the addition of mitomycin-C or MVB to cisplatin in patients with advanced cervix cancer.
Effects of sorafenib on proliferation of hormone-sensitive and hormone-insensitive prostate cancer cells
Authors: Z. Culig, S. Jung Oh, F. R. Santer, M. Puhr, H. Steiner, A. Hobisch
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e16092 Background: Sorafenib is a multi-targeted kinase inhibitor approved for treatment of renal and hepatocellular cancer. In patients with castration therapy-resistant prostate cancer sorafenib treatment is associated with discordant prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and clinical responses, possibly due to an effect on PSA expression. The mechanisms of its action in advanced prostate tumors are not investigated so far. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of sorafenib in androgen-sensitive (LNCaP) and -insensitive (PC 3) prostate cancer cell lines. Methods: Proliferation was evaluated by measurement of cell number and protein. Expression of cell cycle and apoptosis regulatory proteins of the Bcl-2 family was determined by Western blot. Results: Treatment of those cells by sorafenib for 48 hours resulted in a concentration-dependent inhibition of proliferation. Maximal inhibition was achieved with 25 μM of the compound. Cell number was reduced by 50% in both cell lines. We observed inhibition of expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 in LNCaP and PC3 cells. In addition, Mcl-1 protein, that is frequently overexpressed in prostate cancer, was down-regulated by sorafenib in both cellular models. Conclusions: Sorafenib caused inhibition of growth of prostate cancer cells regardless of their androgen sensitivity. Its inhibitory effects on cyclin- dependent kinase 2 and Mcl-1 imply that sorafenib regulates cell cycle progression and apoptosis in prostate cancer. On the basis of these results experiments with chemotherapy-resistant prostate cells are being performed. [Table: see text]
Alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency: An analysis of patient subgroups of the German registry
Authors: Claudia Guttmann, Philipp M. Lepper, Monika Bachhuber, Christian Herr, A. Rembert Koczulla, Claus Vogelmeier, Robert Bals
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Objective:  Alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is a rare hereditary disorder that affects liver and lung. The German AATD Registry includes patients with severe AATD. In this analysis, epidemiological, clinical and gender specific findings of the german AATD patients are analyzed. STUDY: Retrospective, population based study. AAT serum levels and genotypes, pulmonary function testing and various parameters including a St. Georges questionnaire, were recorded.   Results:  A total of 713 adult (431 (60.3%) male, 278 (38.9%) female) patients with severe AATD, identified by genotyping, (568 patients with genotype PiZZ and 63 with PiSZ) were registered (82 patients with other genotypes). Mean AAT serum levels were 33.20±21.29 mg/dL. Most patients were smokers or ex-smokers (total 706 patients, 515 Smokers (72.3%; 66.2% male and 33.8% female) and 189 non-smokers (26.8%) who developed symptoms at the end of their third decade (mean age: 39.9 years, female: 39.9±12.9 years; male 40.0±11.6 years). In 88.7% specific lung symptoms led to final diagnosis. In 95.4% the final diagnosis led to smoking cessation. Most patients are affected by COPD (GOLD I = 7.7% (87% male and 13% female), II = 22.8% (53% male and 47% female), III = 27.3% (67% male and 33% female), IV = 15.3% (75% male and 25% female). 392 subjects receive substitution therapy. Cigarette smoking, and dust exposure are additional risk factors for early progression of COPD.   Conclusion:  AATD is a rare condition however leads to significant morbidity in affected subjects. There were marked differences between COPD stage, with a clear predominance of higher COPD stages in men, but no differences in AAT serum levels between male and female patients.
Epstein-Barr Virus Infection In Recipient Of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: The Role Of Cytomegalovirus
Authors: Qifa Liu, Ren Lin, Can Liu, Meiqing Wu, Li Xuan, Xinmiao Jiang, Zhiping Fan, Yu Zhang, Fen Huang, Hongsheng Zhou, Min Dai, Jing Sun
Journal: Blood (2013)
Differential gene regulation of WT1 protein tumor antigen and the components of the antigen processing machinery by interferon-gamma signaling in myeloid leukemia
Authors: S. Padmanabhan, H. Bansal, B. Hylander, M. Baer, S. Ferrone, E. Repasky
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

2587 Background: Expression of high levels of Wilms Tumor Protein-1 (WT1) is associated with poor prognosis in myeloid leukemias and myelodysplastic syndromes.We studied the effects of interferon-γ (Inf-γ) on the myeloid cell line K562 which express the WT1 mRNA and the lymphoid cell line LG2 which does not express the transcripts. The biological effects of Inf-γ are mediated through activating the Janus kinase (JAK)-STAT pathway, which in turn, can activate a large number of genes by binding to the interferon-stimulated response element (ISRE). Methods: The mRNA was detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using published primer sequences and quantitated by a real time PCR (RQ-PCR). The WT1 protein expression was detected by western blotting with a commercially available WT1 monoclonal antibody. Intracellular flow cytometry with monoclonal antibodies was used to study the components of the antigen processing machinery (APM) as established before. Results: WT1 is down-regulated in K562 cells by treating K562 cells with Inf-γ. In a timed experiment WT1 mRNA is not seen after 36 hours of treatment both by RT-PCR and RQ-PCR. Western blotting for the protein done at 48 hours confirms the absence of the protein. No apoptosis is seen in these cells as shown by BrDU staining. Intracellular flow cytometry for the APM show- up regulation of the interferon responsive class I heavy chain and Tapasin stabilizing the heavy chain with the beta-2 microglobulin. WT1 Down-stream proteins such as bcl-2 and c-myc are also downregulated. There is no change in the expression of the chaperone proteins such as calreticulin, calnexin and HSP70. However the heat shock proteins HSP90 and HSP27 are downregulated. Similar effects on the WT1 are not seen in the control cell line LG2 or after treatment of the K562 cells with PMA, TNF-alpha or 5-azacytidine. Conclusions: The downregulation of WT1 is Inf-γ specific suggesting involvement of the STAT pathways. WT1 acts a differentiation signal for leukemia cells, which has implications in targeted treatment of leukemia. Preliminary results from patient sample study confirm some of these findings. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Weekly Paclitaxel in Combination with Bevacizumab in Patients with Non-Sq Nsclc Who Have Failed Previous Treatments
Authors: Masahiro Kodani, Tadashi Igishi, Hirokazu Touge, Yasuto Ueda, Haruhiko Makino, Hisashi Suyama, Takashi Sumikawa, Hirofumi Nakazaki, Toshiyuki Tatsukawa, Eiji Shimizu
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
BCOR regulates myeloid cell proliferation and differentiation
Authors: Q Cao, M D Gearhart, S Gery, S Shojaee, H Yang, H Sun, D-c Lin, J-w Bai, M Mead, Z Zhao, Q Chen, W-w Chien, S Alkan, T Alpermann, T Haferlach, M Müschen, V J Bardwell, H P Koeffler
Journal: Leukemia (2016)
CCGs in eight English cities describe their innovations in tackling health challenges
Authors: Matthew Limb
Journal: BMJ (2015)

NHS clinical commissioners in eight English cities are calling for more support from national NHS bodies to speed up efforts to transform people’s healthcare and wellbeing. They want greater flexibility when it comes to contracting services and sharing data so they can be better informed.

The call came in a report launched this week by the NHS Clinical Commissioners’ Core Cities Network at a conference in London.1

Tim Moorhead, who chairs the network, said that clinical leaders in these cities had the knowledge and credibility to make “bold decisions” for their populations.

NHS Clinical Commissioners represents England’s clinical commissioning groups (CCGs). The Core Cities Network represents CCGs in eight “core” cities outside London: Birmingham, Bristol, Leeds, Liverpool, Manchester, Newcastle, …
Antibodies for Rous Sarcoma Virus in Fowl, Animal, and Human Populations of East Affrica. I. Antibodies in Domestic Chickens and Wildfowl&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Morgan, Herbert R.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1965)

Journal Article Antibodies for Rous Sarcoma Virus in Fowl, Animal, and Human Populations of East Affrica. I. Antibodies in Domestic Chickens and Wildfowl Get access Herbert R. Morgan Herbert R. Morgan Louis A. Wehle Virus Research Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 35, Issue 6, December 1965, Pages 1043–1045, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/35.6.1043 Published: 01 December 1965 Article history Received: 14 April 1965 Published: 01 December 1965
Onychomadesis and hand, foot and mouth disease – is there a connection?
Authors: E Haneke
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2010)

Preview this article: Onychomadesis and hand, foot and mouth disease – is there a connection?, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/eurosurveillance/15/37/art19664-en-1.gif
Sharing Individual Participant Data (IPD) within the Context of the Trial Reporting System (TRS)
Authors: Deborah A. Zarin, Tony Tse
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2016)

The Institute of Medicine (IOM) [1], journal editors [2,3], and many others [4][5][6] have called for more widespread, third-party access to the individual participant data (IPD) and associated documentation from clinical trials (i.e., "IPD sharing").Advocates assert that access to trial IPD will help to address well-established flaws in the current system of communicating trial results, including nonpublication, selective reporting, and lack of reproducibility [7].Additional proposed benefits include the ability to reanalyze study data (e.g., validation and/or correction of previously published findings [8]) and to combine data from multiple studies (e.g., IPD-level meta-analyses [9]).Others note the burdens and costs associated with preparing IPD and associated documentation for sharing, the need to ensure participant privacy, and the risk of invalid analyses [10].We do not attempt to replicate the more comprehensive analysis of IPD sharing that was conducted by the recent IOM panel [1].However, we believe that it would be helpful at this pivotal time to consider the implications of IPD sharing within the context of the "trial reporting system" (TRS), which encompasses existing efforts to enhance access to information about trials and their findings and to improve the transparency of the clinical research enterprise (CRE) [11].In this essay, we attempt to add precision to the ongoing discussion by examining the range of information granularity associated with different types of IPD.We then consider IPD sharing within a three-level TRS framework and illustrate the roles of these levels with a case study.
Does triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) have distinct clinicopathologic characteristics and prognostic significance?
Authors: J. Rhee, S. Oh, D. Oh, S. Im, S. Lee, D. Kim, D. Heo, I. Park, Y. Bang, T. Kim
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

21088 Background: Studies have suggested that TNBC, defined by estrogen receptor-negative, progesterone receptor-negative, and HER2-negative, may represent the subset of breast cancer(BC) with different biologic behavior. Here we investigated the clinicopathologic characteristics of TNBC and its prognostic significance in Korean BC patients. Methods: Patients diagnosed as invasive BC and underwent curative surgery at Seoul National University Hospital between Jan. 2000 and Jun. 2003, were reviewed, retrospectively. We excluded the patients whose immunohistochemistry for hormone receptor nor HER2 status had not been evaluated, and who had been treated with adjuvant trastuzumab or neoadjuvant chemotherapy (CT). Clinicopathologic variables (age, T and N stage, endovascular or lymphatic tumor emboli, nuclear and histologic grade, p53, bcl2, Ki67) and 3 year relapse free survival (3YRFS) rate of TNBC were compared with those of non- TNBC. Results: 1,136 patients were eligible for analysis. The median follow-up was 48.7 months. 341 patients underwent breast conserving surgery followed by adjuvant radiotherapy. 249 patients were TNBC and 62.1% of those were node negative. 86.4% of node negative TNBC, 88.3% of node positive TNBC, 53.9% of node negative non-TNBC, and 90.2% of node positive non-TNBC received adjuvant CT. Compared with non-TNBC, TNBC was correlated with younger age (age&lt;35,14.1% vs. 8.2%, p=0.013), higher nuclear and histologic grade(62.2% vs. 23.6%, p=0.001;60.2% vs. 24.6%, p=0.001, respectively); positive staining for p53 (p=0.001) and higher positivity for Ki67 (p=0.001), suggesting the biologic aggressiveness of TNBC. During the follow-up periods, 17.3% of TNBC were relapsed. In particular, 3YRFS in node negative TNBC and non-TNBC were 86% and 96%, respectively (p&lt;0.001). But, in node positive BC, 3YRFS was not different between TNBC and non-TNBC (80.6% vs. 83%, p=0.99). Conclusions: We confirm that TNBC shows more aggressive clinicopathologic characteristics and in particular, higher relapse in node negative BC. Thus, triple-negativity(TN) may be integrated into risk factor analysis in node negative BC. Final results of more detailed molecular analysis for TNBC would be available in the meeting. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
The impact of airflow obstruction, P. aeruginosa infection and psychological factors on cognitive function in bronchiectasis patients
Authors: Syba Sunny, Paul McAlinden, Therese Small, Julia Newton, Anthony De Soyza
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction:  Bronchiectasis is a chronic lung sepsis syndrome: whilst acute sepsis is associated with cognitive dysfunction, there is little data for chronic lung sepsis. We have compared cognitive function to relevant factors, e.g. airflow obstruction and  P. aeruginosa  infection.   Methods:  Adult Bronchiectasis patients from clinic (3 months) were screened. Cognitive function was determined by the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ), a self-reported measure; poor memory has a high score and ≥40 is abnormal. We recorded airflow limitation (FEV 1 ), MRC dyspnoea (MRCD) and  P. aeruginosa  infection. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale assessed anxiety (HADS-A) and depression (HADS-D). Fatigue was measured by Fatigue Impact Scale (FIS; abnormal >40).   Results:  We studied 69 patients (44F, 25M); mean age of 60 (SD 14.2). Mean FEV 1  % predicted was 69.0% (SD 30.2); 24 patients (35%) had chronic  P. aeruginosa  infection. Mean HADS-A score: 7.5, mean HADS-D: 4.4 and mean FIS: 38.7. Mean CFQ was 34.9 (SD 18.6); 30 patients (43%) reported a score of ≥40. No correlation was found between CFQ and FEV 1  % pred (linear regression, p=0.437) nor with MRCD or  P. aeruginosa  infection (p=0.292, p=0.587). HADS-A scores were significantly associated with high CFQ scores (r² = 0.37, p   Conclusions:  Cognitive dysfunction may be a co-morbidity in Bronchiectasis patients and is associated with anxiety, depression and fatigue. However, it does not appear to be related to objective markers of disease severity.
Cardiac Rupture Following Electrocution
Authors: C TAYLOR, V K STOELTING
Journal: JAMA (1963)

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