tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinical features and prognostic factors of patients with chordoma in the spine: a retrospective analysis of 153 patients in a single center
Authors: Tong Meng, Huabin Yin, Bo Li, Zhenxi Li, Wei Xu, Wang Zhou, Mo Cheng, Jing Wang, Lei Zhou, Xinghai Yang, Tielong Liu, Wangjun Yan, Dianwen Song, Jianru Xiao
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Chordoma in the spine is relatively rare, and minimal information has been published in the literature regarding this subject. Moreover, there are controversies over prognostic factors of this disease.A retrospective analysis of chordoma in the spine was performed by survival analysis. Local relapse-free survival (LRFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed from the date of surgery to the date of local recurrence and death. The LRFS and OS rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method to identify potential prognostic factors. Factors with P values ≤ .1 were subjected to multivariate analysis by Cox regression analysis. P values ≤ .05 were considered statistically significant.A total of 153 patients with spinal chordoma were included in the study. The mean follow-up period was 72.0 months (range, 1-279 months). Local recurrence was detected in 51 cases after initial surgery in our center, while death occurred in 42 cases. The statistical analysis suggested that tumor location of C3-L5, dedifferentiated chordoma, preoperative Frankel scores A-C, and total spondylectomy were independent prognostic factors for LRFS. In addition, total en bloc spondylectomy and Karnofsky' performance status (KPS) ≥ 80% were favorable factors for OS.Total spondylectomy, by either en bloc or piecemeal method, could significantly reduce LRFS for spinal chordoma. Location of C3-L5 is a favorable factor for LRFS, while dedifferentiated subtype and preoperative Frankel scores A-C are adverse prognostic factors. In addition, total en bloc spondylectomy and KPS ≥ 80% significantly improve overall survival of patients with spinal chordoma.
Abstract 5369: Methylation profile of markers for epithelial-mesenchymal transition and stem cell in tamoxifen-resistant MCF-7 breast cancer cell line.
Authors: Youngseok Lee, Aeree Kim, Han-Kyeom Kim
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract DNA methylation plays a key role in the epigenetic-based regulation of gene expression. Several genes that showed increased hypomethylations of gene promotors in antiestrogen-resistant breast cancer cells were found to be increased in tumor cells and possess oncogenic activity. The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences of methylation profiles, especially EMT markers, between tamoxifen-sensitive breast cancer cell lines and tamoxifen-resistant cell lines using MCF7 and tamoxifen-resistant MCF7 (MCF7-R) cell lines, and then to indentify the presence of the identified markers in the breast tissues of recurred patients with antiestrogen treatments. Bisulphite-converted genomic DNA was assayed on Infinium Human Methylation 450K Beadchips using the Illumina Infinium HD methylation assay kit using four groups of the cells including MCF7, MCF7-R, MCF+E2 and MCF7-R+E2. . In MCF7-R cells, 31023 CpG sites showed altered methylations, with 13617 hypomethylated and 17406 hypermethylated, compared with MCF7. The numbers of hypomethylated and hypermethylated CpG sites in the promoter regions were 4719 and 3347, respectively. Among the well-known EMT markers, the genes meeting the results of methylation status selected were CTNNB1, SNAIL2, TWIST1, LEF1, GSC and ETS1. Although the results of the current study suggest that aberrant DNA methylations of EMT markers are not the main force driving the molecular biology of resistance against antiestrogen therapy, these will contribute and result in to some extent. Citation Format: Youngseok Lee, Aeree Kim, Han-Kyeom Kim. Methylation profile of markers for epithelial-mesenchymal transition and stem cell in tamoxifen-resistant MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5369. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5369
An Anatomy Lesson
Authors: Thomas P. Duffy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

A 52-year-old man had a seven-month history of fatigue, weight loss, and pain in the lower abdomen and low back. Three months earlier, he had undergone a barium enema and upper endoscopy after he was found to have a hematocrit of 29 percent with a mean corpuscular volume of 76 cubic micrometers. Both studies were negative, and a trial of oral iron therapy failed to correct the anemia. His examination and laboratory data at the time of referral revealed no abnormalities other than a swollen left testicle, a condition that had appeared during the same period.The combination . . .
Case 22-2001
Authors: Eric J. Rubin, Fiona M. Graeme-Cook
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Presentation of CaseA 25-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of persistent fever.The patient was a resident of the Philippines who had flown to the United States 11 days before admission and spent 6 days in California. Seven days before admission, she had a temperature of 38.2°C, with a mild headache and a nonproductive cough. Amoxicillin provided by her mother did not reduce the patient's temperature. Three days before admission, her temperature rose to 40°C, and she began to take acetaminophen and ibuprofen, without relief of the fever. One day before admission, she came to this hospital; . . .
THU0571 A Cost Comparison Analysis of a Rheumatology Day Hospital with Nurse-Led Clinic for the Care and Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
Authors: J. De La Torre-Aboki, E. Pascual, E. Batlle-Gualda, P. Vela, A. Martínez, V. Jovaní, I. Ibero, X. Esteve
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> A great variation in the organisation of day hospitals (DH) exists in Spain. Some DH are set-up for attending only rheumatology patients, while others attend patients from different specialities and undertake different procedures. Depending on the DH organization patients have to attend for a blood simple, infusion and the rheumatologist clinic for every treatment, or they are able to do it all together on the same day. Nurse-led clinics set-up in a DH for follow-up, monitoring disease activity, comorbidities assessment, patient education care coordination and telephone help-line services for rheumatoid arthritis patients (RA) under intravenous (IV) biologic therapies are not widely available. <h3>Objectives</h3> To make a cost comparison analysis of three possible strategies of day hospital management of RA patients receiving infliximab IV biologic therapy. <h3>Methods</h3> A model of cost comparison economic evaluation based on a previously determined decision tree which represented three different models of day hospital was analised. Direct and indirect cost of each strategy were evaluated. These costs were calculated based on a sample of 145 patients with RA (78% female, mean age 58 years old, RF+ 67%, mean disease duration 11.5 years) who have received infliximab in the Alicante General Hospital-DH between years 2000-2010. The three compared strategies (S) were: S1–DH with patients attending three times for each IV infusion-; S2–DH with patients attending for blood test+IV+rheumatologist on the same day-; S3 –S2+ rheumatology nurse-led clinic on the same day. <h3>Results</h3> A lower cost was generated per patient/year comparing S1 and S3. The saving was up to 900€ (Table 1 <h3>Conclusions</h3> The organization of a DH determines the frequency of patients attending the clinic, and so then, the associated costs. The effect and consequences of incorporating a nurse-led clinic for the care and management of RA patients in DH is difficult to quantify. Nevertheless, based in our model, this incorporation is cost-effective. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Regimens for nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease lack early bactericidal activity
Authors: Michiel H.C. Slaats, Wouter Hoefsloot, Cecile Magis-Escurra, Martin J. Boeree, Melanie Wattenberg, Saskia Kuipers, Jakko van Ingen
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2015)

Over recent decades, nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) have been increasingly recognised as causative agents of pulmonary infections in humans [1]. Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) bacteria are the most common NTM species causing pulmonary disease in humans [1]. Pulmonary disease caused by NTM (NTM-PD) usually presents as either nodular–bronchiectatic or fibrocavitary disease. NTM-PD requires complex multidrug antibiotic treatment to be continued for 12 months after culture conversion, typically for 18 months in total [1]. Despite this intensive treatment, good clinical and microbiological outcomes can only be attained in 60% of patients with MAC pulmonary disease [2]. Outcomes in nodular–bronchiectatic MAC pulmonary disease are better, with prolonged culture conversion attainable in up to 85% of patients [3]. Treatment regimens for NTM lung disease lack early bactericidal activity and must be improved <http://ow.ly/UyFdu>
Dissection endoscopique sous muqueuse pour les adénocarcinomes superficiels compliquant l'oesophage de Barrett: Résultats d'un centre tertiaire Européen
Authors: JB Chevaux, H Piessevaux, A Jouret-Mourin, R Yeung, E Danse, P Deprez
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

La place de la dissection sous muqueuse (ESD) dans la dysplasie compliquant l'œsophage de Barrett (OB) n'est pas encore définie bien que cette technique permettrait l'obtention d'un meilleur taux de résection curative et d'une meilleure évaluation histologique comparés à la résection par mucosectomie (EMR). Le but de notre étude était d'évaluer l'efficacité, la sécurité et les résultats à long terme de l'ESD dans l'OB.
Association of Exogenous Estrogen and Endometrial Carcinoma
Authors: Donald C. Smith, Ross Prentice, Donovan J. Thompson, Walter L. Herrmann
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

To determine the association between the incidence of endometrial cancer and the use of estrogen in menopausal and post-menopausal women, we retrospectively compared 317 patients with adenocarcinoma of the endometrium with an equal number of matched controls having other gynecologic neoplasms; 152 patients used estrogen, as compared to 54 of 317 controls. Thus, the risk of endometrial cancer was 4.5 times greater among women exposed to estrogen therapy. When estrogen use was adjusted for concomitant variables such as obesity, hypertension, diabetes, parity, referral pattern, age at diagnosis, year of diagnosis and other gynecologic neoplasms, the magnitude of the increased relative risk was associated with several of these variables, and was highest in patients without obesity and hypertension. Exogenous estrogen therapy is associated with an increased risk of endometrial carcinoma, but this increased relative risk is less apparent in patients with physiologic characteristics previously associated with an increased risk.
Abstract LB-113: PKC-iota induces uncontrolled glioblastoma cell survival by modulating proapoptotic function of Bad
Authors: Shraddha Desai, Mildred Acevedo-Duncan
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Brain tumors are a major challenge since they destroy the most important part of the human body. The aggressive and infiltrative behavior is a hallmark of glioblastoma multiforme which makes it highly incurable. PKC-iota is reported to be highly expressed in transformed phenotype of human glioma, benign and malignant meningiomas (Cell Prolif. 41:122-35, 2008) but the signaling mechanism by which PKC-iota induces glioma cell survival remains elusive. Hence, in the current study, we investigated whether PKC-iota phosphorylates and de-activates Bad, a pro-apoptotic BH3-only molecule of the Bcl-2 family. Our results demonstrated that PKC-iota co-localizes as well as directly associates and phosphorylates Bad at Ser-112, Ser-136 and Ser-155. In addition, recombinant PKC-iota induced direct phosphorylation of exogenous as well as endogenous Bad at all three serine residues as shown by in-vitro kinase assay. Recombinant PKC-zeta (is 70% homologous to PKC-iota) and PKC-delta (known to regulate the activity of Bad in rat cardiac myocytes; Mol Cells. 24:224-231, 2007) in contrast phosphorylated Bad only at Ser-112 residue in in-vitro kinase assays. Reduction of PKC-iota upon RNA interference exhibited a corresponding reduction in Bad phosphorylation at these three sites. Conversely, inhibition of PKC-zeta and delta by their corresponding siRNA did not lead to reduction of Bad phosphorylation. Additionally, disruption of Bad/Bcl-XL heterodimerization was not observed in either of the RNA silenced samples. Thus, our data strongly supports the hypothesis that PKC-iota may function as a Bad kinase directly inhibiting its pro-apoptotic function and impeding the normal homeostasis of glioma cells thereby enhancing prolonged survival of glioma cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-113.
Comparison of facility and research diagnoses in first-admission psychotic patients
Authors: S Fennig, T J Craig, M Tanenberg-Karant, E J Bromet
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

The present study investigated the concordance of clinical and research-based DSM-III-R diagnoses in community, public, and university hospital first-admission patients. In addition to demographic characteristics, information and criterion variance were assessed as explanations for the diagnostic disagreements.As part of the Suffolk County (New York) Mental Health Project, 223 first-admission subjects with a psychotic disorder were interviewed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R, and consensus diagnosis was made by two project psychiatrists. Clinical diagnoses were abstracted from discharge summaries obtained subsequent to the research diagnoses, and reasons for disagreement between the two diagnoses were determined.Moderate overall agreement between facility and research diagnoses was found, with highest agreement with the university facility, lowest with the public facilities, and intermediate agreement with the community facilities. Demographic variables were not significantly associated with diagnostic discordance. Apparent reasons for diagnostic disagreement included evidence of variability in information available to clinicians and research psychiatrists (N = 39 or 48% of cases with disagreement), as well as in clinical judgment in the application of DSM-III-R criteria (N = 42 or 52% of cases with disagreement).Considerable differences between facility and research diagnoses remain, especially in the public and community sectors; these differences can be attributed to information and criterion variance. Longitudinal follow-up is necessary to establish the predictive validity of the initial clinical and research diagnoses. Future research should also address other possible reasons for these discrepancies.
Abstract 1882: Role of cystathionine beta-synthase in ovarian cancer growth, metastasis and drug sensitivity.
Authors: Sounik Saha, Sanjib Bhattacharyya, Karuna Giri, Ian R. Lanza, K. Sreekumar Nair, Nicholas B. Jennings, Rakesh Kumar, Anil K. Sood, Resham Bhattacharya, Priyabrata Mukherjee
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), the third gasotransmitter, has recently attracted a lot of attention for its cytoprotective action and role in angiogenesis. Dysregulation of the major enzymes which produces H2S namely, cystathionine beta synthase (CBS), cystathionine gamma lyase (CSE) and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MST) have also been implicated in a large number of pathological conditions that range from neurological disorders to cardiovascular diseases. Surprisingly, studies on the role of these enzymes in cancer is scarce, especially, that of CBS. Relapse with a drug resistant and aggressive phenotype is a common occurrence in ovarian cancer with an overall 5-year survival of approximately 30%. Here we report that, CBS, a key enzyme required for sulphur amino acid metabolism, plays a critical role in promoting ovarian cancer growth, metastasis and drug resistance. Overexpression of CBS was observed in a majority of ovarian cancer cell lines utilized in our study compared to normal ovarian surface epithelial cells. Silencing CBS in A2780 cells using siRNA or a CBS-specific inhibitor, aminooxyacetic acid reduced proliferation of ovarian cancer cells by dramatically reducing total glutathione levels, H2S levels and thereby enhancing oxidative stress. Downregulation of CBS reduced activation of NF-kB and upregulated p53 protein levels thereby inactivating the antioxidant network of the cells. A deeper insight into the intracellular localization of CBS by confocal fluorescence microscopy demonstrated a mitochondria specific distribution and silencing CBS caused mitochondrial superoxide accumulation that resulted in decreased mitochondrial respiration, reduced ATP production and increased ADP-to-ATP ratio. Furthermore, silencing CBS, augmented the activity of cisplatin in vitro in A2780 cells and in vivo in an orthotopic model of advanced ovarian cancer. Nanoliposomal delivery of CBS siRNA significantly reduced the number of tumor nodules in a chemoresistant orthotopic mouse model of ovarian cancer. To our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating the importance of CBS in ovarian cancer progression and drug resistance and therefore is a viable target for future anti-cancer therapies. Citation Format: Sounik Saha, Sanjib Bhattacharyya, Karuna Giri, Ian R. Lanza, K. Sreekumar Nair, Nicholas B. Jennings, Rakesh Kumar, Anil K. Sood, Resham Bhattacharya, Priyabrata Mukherjee. Role of cystathionine beta-synthase in ovarian cancer growth, metastasis and drug sensitivity. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1882. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1882
Acute Hepatic Coma Treated by Cross-Circulation or Exchange Transfusion
Authors: J. M. Burnell, J. K. Dawborn, R. B. Epstein, R. A. Gutman, G. E. Leinbach, E. D. Thomas, W. Volwiler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

THE likelihood of survival from acute massive hepatic necrosis with deepening coma is extremely poor. For this reason, efforts have been made to provide additional temporary support by means of exchange transfusion,13 heterologous liver perfusion4 , 5 and human cross-circulation,6 to permit regeneration of liver parenchyma. This report describes the management of 4 cases of acute massive hepatic necrosis with progressing deep coma after repeated halothane anesthesia and 1 case of viral hepatitis with coma. Three patients were treated by cross-circulation, and 2 by exchange transfusion. Four cross-circulation partners were utilized, 3 normal subjects and 1 with cancer.MethodsCross-circulation was performed . . .
Abstract P2-13-10: Prospective randomized and multicentric evaluation of cognition in menopausal breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant hormonotherapy: a phase III study (Preliminary results)
Authors: L Vanlemmens, X Delbeuck, V Servent, A Mailliez, L Vanlemmens, C Lefeuvre-Plesse, P Kerbrat, T Petit, C Fournier, Y Vendel, S Clisant, J Bonneterre, F Pasquier, Rhun E Le
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: Cognitive impairment has been considered to be a possible adverse effect of aromatase inhibitors (AI). The aim of the study was to compare the impact of tamoxifen or AI on verbal memory (Rey auditory-verbal learning test) and other cognitive functions (memory, executive and attentional functions) after 6 months of treatment. Methods: In this randomized, open-label phase III study, menopausal patients treated with adjuvant hormonotherapy for early breast cancer were enrolled at the end of the radiotherapy. Patients over 70 years, with a history of cognitive disorder or with prior chemotherapy were excluded. Detailed neuropsychological assessments and quality of life evaluations were performed before the 1st administration of hormonotherapy and then 6 months later. Considering the usual norms of the auditivo-verbal Rey test, an alpha risk of 5% and a 95% power, 27 patients per arm had to be included. Statistical analyses included Chi2 test and Student tests when appropriate. Results: 62 consecutive evaluable patients were randomized in 2 arms between March 2009 and April 2011. Patients received tamoxifen in arm A (n = 31) and AI in arm B (letrozole n=17; anastrozole n=12; exemestane n= 2). Median age at inclusion was 61.4 years. The median time since menopause was 10 years. Characteristics of the breast tumor and initial neuropsychological evaluations did not differ significantly between the 2 arms. After 6 months, we observed a significant decline of the performance at the episodic memory test (immediate recall of the Rey auditory verbal learning test) (p = 0.0015) in arm A only and a significant improvement on executive measures (Trail Making Test and Stroop test) (respectively p = 0.03/p = 0.002) in arm B. Quality of life didn't differ after 6 months of treatment. Conclusions: These preliminary results do not support that AI have a worse adverse effect on cognitive functions than tamoxifen after 6 months of treatment. A confirmation is planned after one year of treatment. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-13-10.
A Semiquantitative Culture Method for Identifying Intravenous-Catheter-Related Infection
Authors: Dennis G. Maki, Carol E. Weise, Harold W. Sarafin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

We evaluated a semiquantitative culture technic for identifying infection due to intravenous catheters: rolling the catheter segment across blood agar. This method was compared to broth culture. Of 250 catheters studied, 225 (90 per cent) had low-density colonization on semiquantitative culture (<15 colonies on the plate) although 49 (19.6 per cent) of these grew some organisms in broth or on the plate. None of these catheters led to septicemia. Twenty-five catheters (10 per cent) grew >15 colonies by the semiquantitative technic; most gave confluent growth. Septicemia originated from four of these catheters (P = 0.008). Of 37 catheters exposed to bacteremias from distant foci of infection, four yielded matching growth in broth, whereas none were concordant with the blood isolate on semiquantitative culture. Local inflammation was associated with high-density colonization semiquantitative culture (P<0.001). The semiquantitative technic distinguishes infection (>15 colonies) from contamination and is more specific in diagnosis of catheter-related septicemia than culture of the catheter in broth. (N Engl J Med 296:1305–1309, 1977)