tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A 61-year-old female patient with right-sided pleuritic chest pain and fatigue
Authors: N. Messaoudi, J. De Cocker, G. Van den Eynden, A. Janssens, R. A. Salgado, E. A. Van Marck, P. E. Y. Van Schil
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2009)

A 61-yr-old Caucasian female patient was investigated because of right-sided pleuritic chest pain.The patient had a 2-month history of chronic, nonproductive cough, extreme fatigue, night sweats and reduced exercise tolerance.Initially, the patient was treated with antibiotics for presumed pneumonia.She had smoked for .20 pack-yrs and her medical history included parotidectomy for Warthin tumour, resection of a benign cyst in the left breast and varicectomy.Physical examination showed no clinical signs of respiratory distress.Sinus rhythm was present with a heart rate of 88 bpm and blood pressure of 135/80 mmHg.Cardiopulmonary auscultation revealed no significant abnormalities and there was no hepatomegaly or limb oedema.No lymphadenopathy was found in the neck, supraclavicular, axillary or inguinal regions.
The role of psychology in the study of culture
Authors: Daniel Kelly, Edouard Machery, Ron Mallon, Kelby Mason, Stephen P. Stich
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2006)

Although we are enthusiastic about a Darwinian approach to culture, we argue that the overview presented in the target article does not sufficiently emphasize the crucial explanatory role that psychology plays in the study of culture. We use a number of examples to illustrate the variety of ways by which appeal to psychological factors can help explain cultural phenomena.
V(D)J Recombination: Molecular Biology and Regulation
Authors: D G Schatz, M A Oettinger, M S Schlissel
Journal: Annual Review of Immunology (1992)

Exhausted CD8 T (Tex) cells are a distinct cell lineage that arise during chronic infections and cancers in animal models and humans. Tex cells are characterized by progressive loss of effector functions, high and sustained inhibitory receptor expression, ...Read More
Cellular glutathione turnover in vitro, with emphasis on type II pneumocytes
Authors: RJ van Klaveren, M Demedts, B Nemery
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1997)

The most important extracellular antioxidant in the lung is glutathione (GSH). The epithelial lining fluid of normal lungs contains very high concentrations of this tripeptide, about 100 times higher than that found in the extracellular fluid of many other tissues. How these high extracellular GSH levels are established and the mechanisms for increases (e.g. smokers) or decreases (e.g. lung fibrosis) are still unknown, but more insight into the regulation of GSH turnover in type II pneumocytes has recently become available. The purpose of this review is to give an overview of the literature concerning cellular GSH turnover for different cell types in vitro, with an emphasis on alveolar type II epithelial cells. The main messages of this review are that: 1) GSH is, in fact, an important vehicle for stabilizing, detoxifying and transferring cysteine; 2) cysteine is the rate-limiting substrate for GSH synthesis, especially under conditions of oxidative stress; 3) various transport systems exist for the uptake of the constituents of GSH, of which gamma-glutamyltransferase appears to be important; 4) intracellular GSH levels of the type II cells are governed by different factors, including, probably, the extracellular redox state; and 5) a more reduced extracellular redox state appears to favour GSH efflux, whilst an oxidized state leads to retention of GSH inside the cell. These concepts should lead to reconsideration of some of the conventional approaches to increasing intracellular glutathione levels.
Intraperitoneal Administration of Recombinant Receptor-Associated Protein Causes Phosphaturia via an Alteration in Subcellular Distribution of the Renal Sodium Phosphate Co-Transporter
Authors: Masayo Yamagata, Keiichi Ozono, Yuta Hashimoto, Yoshiteru Miyauchi, Hiroki Kondou, Toshimi Michigami
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2005)

Megalin is a multifunctional endocytic receptor that is expressed in renal proximal tubules and plays critical roles in the renal uptake of various proteins. It was hypothesized that megalin-dependent endocytosis might play a role in renal phosphate reabsorption. For addressing the short-term effects of altered megalin function, a recombinant protein for the soluble form of 39-kD receptor-associated protein (RAP) was administered intraperitoneally to 7-wk-old mice. Histidine (His)-tagged soluble RAP (amino acids 39 to 356) lacking the amino-terminal signal peptide and the carboxy-terminal endoplasmic reticulum retention signal was prepared by bacterial expression (designated His-sRAP). After the direct interaction between His-sRAP and megalin was confirmed, mice were given a single intraperitoneal administration of His-sRAP (3.5 mg/dose). Immunostaining and Western blot analyses demonstrated the uptake of His-sRAP and the accelerated internalization of megalin in proximal tubular cells 1 h after administration. In addition, internalization of the type II sodium/phosphate co-transporter (NaPi-II) was observed. The effects of three sequential administrations of His-sRAP (3.5 mg/dose, three doses at 4-h intervals) then were examined, and increased urinary excretion of low molecular weight proteins, including vitamin D-binding protein, was found, which is consistent with findings reported for megalin-deficient mice. It is interesting that urinary excretion of phosphate was also increased, and the protein level of NaPi-II in the brush border membrane was decreased. Serum concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was decreased, whereas the plasma level of intact parathyroid hormone was not altered by the administration of His-sRAP. The results suggest that the His-sRAP-induced acceleration of megalin-mediated endocytosis caused phosphaturia via altered subcellular distribution of NaPi-II.
Respiratory syncytial virus: co-infection and paediatric lower respiratory tract infections
Authors: Lay-Myint Yoshida, Motoi Suzuki, Hien Anh Nguyen, Minh Nhat Le, Thiem Dinh Vu, Hiroshi Yoshino, Wolf-Peter Schmidt, Thi Thuy Ai Nguyen, Huu Tho Le, Konosuke Morimoto, Hiroyuki Moriuchi, Duc Anh Dang, Koya Ariyoshi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Comprehensive population-based data on the role of respiratory viruses in the development of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) remain unclear. We investigated the incidence and effect of single and multiple infections with respiratory viruses on the risk of LRTIs in Vietnam. Population-based prospective surveillance and a case-control study of hospitalised paediatric patients with acute respiratory infection (ARI) were conducted from April 2007 through to March 2010. Healthy controls were randomly recruited from the same community. Nasopharyngeal samples were collected and tested for 13 respiratory viruses using multiplex PCRs. 1992 hospitalised ARI episodes, including 397 (19.9%) with LRTIs, were enrolled. Incidence of hospitalised LRTIs among children aged <24 months was 2171.9 per 100 000 (95% CI 1947.9-2419.7). The majority of ARI cases (60.9%) were positive for at least one virus. Human rhinovirus (24.2%), respiratory syncytial virus (20.1%) and influenza A virus (12.0%) were the most common and 9.5% had multiple-viral infections. Respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus infections independently increased the risk of LRTIs. Respiratory syncytial virus further increased the risk, when co-infected with human rhinovirus, human metapneumovirus and parainfluenza virus-3 but not with influenza A virus. The case-control analysis revealed that respiratory syncytial virus and influenza A virus increased the risk of ARI hospitalisation but not human rhinovirus. Respiratory syncytial virus is the leading pathogen associated with risk of ARI hospitalisation and LRTIs in Vietnam.
Iron Supplementation After Femoral Head Replacement for Patients With Normal Iron Stores
Authors: N. Peter Zauber
Journal: JAMA (1992)

To assess the efficacy of oral iron therapy in the recovery of patients' hemoglobin levels after major surgery.Randomized controlled trial.Private orthopedic practice confined to one large community hospital.One hundred seventy consecutive elderly patients undergoing hip surgery; 75 failed to meet entry hematologic or medical criteria; 95 were randomized, with 16 withdrawn because of complications.Thirty-seven patients received ferrous sulfate orally four times a day for the duration of their hospitalization. Forty-two patients who received no iron supplement served as the control group.Changes in hemoglobin levels and reticulocyte counts over the 2- to 3-week follow-up period.There was no significant difference in mean hemoglobin levels between the treatment and control groups (95% confidence interval [CI] for difference of -6.6 to 5.4 g/L). Corrected reticulocyte fractions increased equally in both groups (95% CI for difference of -9 x 10(3) to 2 x 10(-3). The study was designed to detect a difference in mean hemoglobin levels of 8.5 g/L or greater or a difference in mean reticulocyte fraction of 10 x 10(-3) between the two groups with a power of 0.80 at the .05 (two-sided) level of significance.The administration of oral iron supplements to elderly, healthy orthopedic patients postoperatively did not hasten the recovery of hemoglobin levels, provided adequate tissue iron stores were present.
FeNO interpretation aid: A clinical decision support tool for interpretation of FeNO values in the patients with respiratory symptoms
Authors: Tiago Jacinto, Kjell Alving, Eduardo Burnay, Ana Sá-Sousa, Ricardo Correia, João Fonseca
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  Exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a validated non-invasive biomarker of airways inflammation that is easy to measure, and gives immediate results. Its use has been increasing recently in routine care. Several individual factors that affect FeNO values have been identified, including age, height, weight, sex, atopy and smoking habits. These can cause difficulties in the interpretation of FeNO values.   Aims:  To design and develop a Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) that classifies the FeNO values taking into consideration the individual characteristics of a patient. Specific aims are: 1) to define the information model and specifications 2) to retrieve from published literature data to setup the knowledge base; and 3) to develop the CDSS and present a functional beta version for public evaluation.   Methods:  Collaborative development with multidisciplinary meetings between healthcare professionals and computer scientists. Systematic review of factors affecting FeNO and reference values. Development of a web-based CDSS.   Results:  We have outlined the model and specifications of the CDSS, including feature description, information model, taxonomic description, clinical workflow integration and software and hardware requirements. In the systematic review, 10 studies met the selection criteria and were used to form the datasets for the Knowledge Base of the CDSS. A web-based CDSS, that is compliant with common standards, was developed using HTML, PHP, Javascript and CSS.   Conclusion:  The CDSS was successfully developed, based on the best available medical knowledge, and is accessible online for testing at http://feno.med.up.pt.
Predicting the effects of frameshifting indels
Authors: Jing Hu, Pauline C Ng
Journal: Genome biology (2012)

Abstract Each human has approximately 50 to 280 frameshifting indels, yet their implications are unknown. We created SIFT Indel, a prediction method for frameshifting indels that has 84% accuracy. The percentage of human frameshifting indels predicted to be gene-damaging is negatively correlated with allele frequency. We also show that although the first frameshifting indel in a gene causes loss of function, there is a tendency for the second frameshifting indel to compensate and restore protein function. SIFT Indel is available at http://sift-dna.org/www/SIFT_indels2.html
IKZF1 deletions predict relapse in uniformly treated pediatric precursor B-ALL
Authors: R P Kuiper, E Waanders, V H J van der Velden, S V van Reijmersdal, R Venkatachalam, B Scheijen, E Sonneveld, J J M van Dongen, A J P Veerman, F N van Leeuwen, A Geurts van Kessel, P M Hoogerbrugge
Journal: Leukemia (2010)
Dangerous Plants of the Southwestern United States
Authors: Walter H. C. Burgdorf, Leonard J. Hoenig, R. Steven Padilla
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Capture and Release of Cancer Cells Based on Sacrificeable Transparent MnO<sub>2</sub> Nanospheres Thin Film
Authors: Qinqin Huang, Bolei Chen, Rongxiang He, Zhaobo He, Bo Cai, Junhua Xu, Weiyi Qian, Helen Laiwa Chan, Wei Liu, Shishang Guo, Xing‐Zhong Zhao, Jikang Yuan
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2014)

A CTCs detection assay using transparent MnO2 nanospheres thin films to capture and release of CTCs is reported. The enhanced local topography interaction between extracellular matrix scaffolds and the antibody-coated substrate leads to improved capture efficiency. CTCs captured from artificial blood sample can be cultured and released, represent a new functional material capable of CTCs isolation and culture for subsequent studies.
Effectiveness and safety of inhaled corticosteroids in controlling acute asthma attacks in children who were treated in the emergency department: A controlled comparative study with oral prednisolone☆☆☆★★★
Authors: B VOLOVITZ, L BENTUR, Y FINKELSTEIN, Y MANSOUR, S SHALITIN, M NUSSINOVITCH, I VARSANO
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1998)
Newly generated T cell receptor microclusters initiate and sustain T cell activation by recruitment of Zap70 and SLP-76
Authors: Tadashi Yokosuka, Kumiko Sakata-Sogawa, Wakana Kobayashi, Michio Hiroshima, Akiko Hashimoto-Tane, Makio Tokunaga, Michael L Dustin, Takashi Saito
Journal: Nature Immunology (2005)
Association between breastfeeding and intelligence, educational attainment, and income at 30 years of age: a prospective birth cohort study from Brazil
Authors: Cesar G Victora, Bernardo Lessa Horta, Christian Loret de Mola, Luciana Quevedo, Ricardo Tavares Pinheiro, Denise P Gigante, Helen Gonçalves, Fernando C Barros
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2015)

Breastfeeding has clear short-term benefits, but its long-term consequences on human capital are yet to be established. We aimed to assess whether breastfeeding duration was associated with intelligence quotient (IQ), years of schooling, and income at the age of 30 years, in a setting where no strong social patterning of breastfeeding exists.A prospective, population-based birth cohort study of neonates was launched in 1982 in Pelotas, Brazil. Information about breastfeeding was recorded in early childhood. At 30 years of age, we studied the IQ (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, 3rd version), educational attainment, and income of the participants. For the analyses, we used multiple linear regression with adjustment for ten confounding variables and the G-formula.From June 4, 2012, to Feb 28, 2013, of the 5914 neonates enrolled, information about IQ and breastfeeding duration was available for 3493 participants. In the crude and adjusted analyses, the durations of total breastfeeding and predominant breastfeeding (breastfeeding as the main form of nutrition with some other foods) were positively associated with IQ, educational attainment, and income. We identified dose-response associations with breastfeeding duration for IQ and educational attainment. In the confounder-adjusted analysis, participants who were breastfed for 12 months or more had higher IQ scores (difference of 3·76 points, 95% CI 2·20-5·33), more years of education (0·91 years, 0·42-1·40), and higher monthly incomes (341·0 Brazilian reals, 93·8-588·3) than did those who were breastfed for less than 1 month. The results of our mediation analysis suggested that IQ was responsible for 72% of the effect on income.Breastfeeding is associated with improved performance in intelligence tests 30 years later, and might have an important effect in real life, by increasing educational attainment and income in adulthood.Wellcome Trust, International Development Research Center (Canada), CNPq, FAPERGS, and the Brazilian Ministry of Health.
Increased expression of placenta growth factor in COPD
Authors: S-L Cheng, H-C Wang, C-J Yu, P-C Yang
Journal: Thorax (2008)

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor may have an important role in the pathogenesis of emphysema. The effect of another angiogenic factor, placenta growth factor (PlGF), in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is unknown.The serum levels of VEGF and PlGF in patients with COPD (n = 184), smokers (n = 212) and non-smokers (n = 159) and the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid levels of VEGF and PlGF in another group (20 patients with COPD, 18 controls) were measured. In vitro cell culture experiments were performed to investigate the effect of PlGF on VEGF.The mean (SE) serum levels of PlGF were significantly higher in patients with COPD than in controls (27.1 (7.4) pg/ml vs 12.3 (5.1) pg/ml in smokers and 10.8 (6.3) pg/ml in non-smokers, p = 0.005). The levels of PlGF in BAL fluid were also significantly higher in patients with COPD than in controls (45.7 (12.3) pg/ml vs 23.9 (7.6) pg/ml, p = 0.005), associated with an increase in the cytokines tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-8 (IL-8). In patients with COPD the levels of PlGF correlated inversely with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1)) in serum (r = -0.59, p = 0.002) and in BAL fluid (r = -0.51, p = 0.001). While the serum levels of VEGF were the same in patients with COPD and controls, the BAL fluid levels were significantly lower in patients with COPD than in controls (127.5 (30.1) pg/ml vs 237.8 (36.1) pg/ml, p = 0.002). In cultured bronchial epithelial cells, proinflammatory cytokines induced an increase in the protein expression of both PlGF and VEGF. Continuous concomitant treatment with PlGF, TNF-alpha and IL-8 stimulation reduced VEGF expression and induced cell death. This phenomenon was suppressed by VEGF receptor inhibitor (CBO-P11).The serum and BAL fluid levels of PlGF are increased in patients with COPD and are inversely correlated with FEV(1). Concomitant treatment with PlGF, TNF-alpha and IL-8 causes detrimental effects on airway epithelial cells. These data suggest that bronchial epithelial cells can express PlGF, which may contribute to the pathogenesis of COPD.
Phosphoproteomics Identifies CK2 as a Negative Regulator of Beige Adipocyte Thermogenesis and Energy Expenditure
Authors: Kosaku Shinoda, Kana Ohyama, Yutaka Hasegawa, Hsin-Yi Chang, Mayu Ogura, Ayaka Sato, Haemin Hong, Takashi Hosono, Louis Z. Sharp, David W. Scheel, Mark Graham, Yasushi Ishihama, Shingo Kajimura
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2015)
Inhibition of Tumor Growth Using Salmonella Expressing Fas Ligand
Authors: Markus Loeffler, Gaelle Le’Negrate, Maryla Krajewska, John C. Reed
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2008)

Intravenous administration of bacteria leads to their accumulation in tumors and to sporadic tumor regression. We therefore explored the hypothesis that Salmonella typhimurium engineered to express the proapoptotic cytokine Fas ligand (FasL) would exhibit enhanced antitumor activity. Immunocompetent mice carrying tumors derived from syngeneic murine D2F2 breast carcinoma or CT-26 colon carcinoma cells were treated intravenously with FasL-expressing S. typhimurium or with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS; control). Treatment with FasL-expressing S. typhimurium inhibited growth of primary tumors by an average of 59% for D2F2 tumors and 82% for CT-26 tumors (eg, at 25 days after initial treatment, mean volume of PBS-treated CT-26 colon carcinomas = 1385 mm3 and of S. typhimurium FasL-treated CT-26 tumors = 243 mm3, difference = 1142 mm3, 95% confidence interval = 800 mm3 to 1484 mm3, P < .001). Pulmonary D2F2 metastases (as measured by lung weight) were reduced by 34% in S. typhimurium FasL-treated mice compared with PBS-treated mice. FasL-expressing S. typhimurium had similar effects on growth of murine B16 melanoma tumors in wild-type mice but not in lpr/lpr mice, which lack Fas, or in mice with disrupted host inflammatory responses. Antitumor activity was achieved without overt toxicity. These preclinical results raise the possibility that using attenuated S. typhimurium to deliver FasL to tumors may be an effective and well-tolerated therapeutic strategy for some cancers.
Normal and abnormal development of the intrapericardial arterial trunks in humans and mice
Authors: Robert H. Anderson, Bill Chaudhry, Timothy J. Mohun, Simon D. Bamforth, Darren Hoyland, Helen M. Phillips, Sandra Webb, Antoon F.M. Moorman, Nigel A. Brown, Deborah J. Henderson
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2012)

The definitive cardiac outflow channels have three components: the intrapericardial arterial trunks; the arterial roots with valves; and the ventricular outflow tracts (OFTs). We studied the normal and abnormal development of the most distal of these, the arterial trunks, comparing findings in mice and humans.
Comparison of angiogenic potency between mesenchymal stem cells and mononuclear cells in a rat model of hindlimb ischemia
Authors: T IWASE, N NAGAYA, T FUJII, T ITOH, S MURAKAMI, T MATSUMOTO, K KANGAWA, S KITAMURA
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2005)

Objective: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are pluripotent cells that differentiate into a variety of cells including endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells. Although transplantation of bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells (MNC) has already been applied for the treatment of critical limb ischemia, little information is available regarding comparison of the angiogenic potency between MSC and MNC. Accordingly, we injected equal numbers of MSC or MNC in a rat model of hindlimb ischemia and compared their therapeutic potential.