tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Aprepitant for the Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting (CINV) Associated with Moderately Emetogenic (MEC) Chemotherapy in Patients with Breast Cancer.
Authors: T. Webb, J. Hardwick, A. Carides, J. Street
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Purpose: Aprepitant was shown previously to be effective for prevention of CINV associated with MEC in breast cancer patients. A recent study (PN130) assessed aprepitant in patients with a variety of tumor types receiving a broad range of MEC regimens. A post-hoc subgroup analysis of patients with breast cancer was performed and results (nominal p-values) are reported.Methods: This randomized, gender-stratified, double-blind trial enrolled patients with confirmed malignancies, naïve to HEC or MEC agents, who received at least one MEC agent. Patients received an aprepitant triple-therapy regimen (aprepitant 125 mg PO day 1 and 80 mg PO days 2-3, ondansetron 8 mg PO bid day 1, and dexamethasone 12 mg PO day 1) or an active control regimen (ondansetron 8 mg PO bid days 1-3 and dexamethasone 20 mg PO day 1). Primary and key secondary efficacy endpoints were proportions of patients with No Vomiting and Complete Response (no vomiting/no rescue medication use) respectively, during the overall phase (120 hours post-chemotherapy). Treatment group comparisons were based on a logistic regression model with terms for treatment, region, and gender.Results: Of 832 patients in the modified intent to treat population analyzed, 53% (n=439) had breast cancer. In the overall phase, significantly more patients in the aprepitant group achieved No Vomiting and Complete Response both overall and in the subgroup of patients with breast cancer (Table 1). The magnitude of the treatment group differences were similar to the differences observed in the entire study population. Similar trends were seen in the acute and delayed phase in both the overall population and the subgroup of patients with breast cancer. Results for additional endpoints are consistent with the data presented here. Adverse events were generally similar in the aprepitant and control groups. Aprepitant, n/m (%)Active control, n/m (%)No vomitingAll tumors324/425 (76.2)*252/406 (62.1) Breast cancer152/219 (69.4)*116/220 (52.7)Complete responseAll tumors292/425 (68.7)*229/407 (56.3) Breast cancer139/219 (63.5)*102/220 (46.4)n/m = patients with favorable response/patients included in subgroup; * p-value &amp;lt; 0.001Conclusions: The aprepitant regimen provided superior efficacy over the control regimen for prevention of CINV for all patients receiving MEC. The benefit of aprepitant triple therapy in patients with breast cancer in this trial is in agreement with the results of a previous large-scale trial of aprepitant in this population. Control of CINV in breast cancer patients in this trial was consistently lower than in the overall population for all endpoints, demonstrating the importance of CINV prophylaxis in women with breast cancer undergoing MEC. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 1116.
SP0117 Rheumatic diseases and cardiovascular risk: Implications for clinical practice
Authors: M.T. Nurmohamed
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

The risk for fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is doubled in comparison with the general population. This excess cardiovascular risk is largely due to CVD of atherosclerotic origin such as ischemic heart disease. Cardiovascular risk data in two other major chronic types of inflammatory arthritis, belonging to the spondyloarthropathies, i.e. ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA), is much more limited than in RA, but there is accumulating evidence that the magnitude might approach that of RA. For RA there is evidence that this enhanced cardiovascular risk is similar to that of diabetes mellitus (DM), a well known and established cardiovascular risk factor. Research has proven that risk factors for CVD, like high cholesterol, hypertension, smoking, obesity and diabetes are not the only factors responsible for the higher cardiovascular risk in RA, AS and PsA patients. Accumulating evidence indicates that inflammation plays an important role as atherosclerosis is in fact an inflammatory disease. Another important factor is undertreatment of cardiovascular comorbidity such as hypertension, for example, in RA there is accumulating evidence that hypertension is frequently undertreated (as well as unrecognized). There are some indications that the cardiovascular mortality in patients with osteoarthritis (OA) is increased up to 70% in comparison with the general population. Remarkably, adequate data about the cardiovascular morbidity (i.e. non-fatal cardiovascular events) in OA are lacking. However, there is abundant evidence that traditional cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension and dyslipidemia are more prevalent. In contrast to patients with inflammatory arthritis, there appears no independent role of OA itself towards its increased cardiovascular risk. Recently, gout is emerging as an independent cardiovascular risk factor probably mediated by the toxic effect of uric acid on the vasculature. Altogether, more cardiovascular attention is needed for the above-mentioned patient groups. This particularly holds true for inflammatory arthritis patients, for which the EULAR considers cardiovascular risk management (CV-RM) mandatory.This is generally done on the basis of the 10 years absolute risk for a (fatal) CV-event, which is calculated from a CV-risk formula, such as the Framingham risk calculator and the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE), based on CV-risk factors. Statin and/or antihypertensive treatment is then only initiated above a certain threshold, e.g. a 10-year CV-mortality risk of 10% or more. Obviously, CV-RM should be a collaborative effort of rheumatologists, vascular internists and/or cardiologists and general practitioners, in close collaboration with patients (organisations). The precise implementation might differ from country to country and even from practice to practice. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
P-128 Efficacy of Various Endoscopic Transpapillary Sampling Methods for Malignant Biliary Lesions
Authors: J.J. Hyun, H.S. Lee, S.H. Kim, I.K. Yoo, S.J. Nam, J.M. Lee, H.S. Choi, E.S. Kim, B. Keum, Y.T. Jeen, H.J. Chun, C.D. Kim, H.S. Ryu
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Detection of Pericardial Effusion During Tc-99m MIBI Parathyroid Imaging in a Patient With Chronic Renal Failure
Authors: MARIA ROSARIA GRIVET FOJAJA, MICHELE KLAIN, STEFANIA CARDEI, PIETRO GISONNI, ALBERTO CUOCOLO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

A 30-year-old woman had a history of chronic renal failure and was on regular hemodialysis. The patient had high levels of plasma parathyroid hormone, and ultrasonography of the neck demonstrated bilateral parathyroid hyperplasia. No nodular lesions in the anterior region of the neck were detected on physical examination. Dynamic and delayed parathyroid Tc-99m MIBI images were suggestive of a pericardial effusion. Planar Tc-99m MIBI myocardial scintigraphy was acquired in the three standard views, demonstrating a pericardial area of photon attenuation. Two-dimensional echocardiography confirmed the presence of large pericardial effusion.
European guidelines for quality assurance in colorectal cancer screening and diagnosis. First Edition – Organisation
Authors: N. Malila, C. Senore, P. Armaroli
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

Multidisciplinary, evidence-based guidelines for quality assurance in colorectal cancer screening and diagnosis have been developed by experts in a project coordinated by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. The full guideline document covers the entire process of population-based screening. It consists of 10 chapters and over 250 recommendations, graded according to the strength of the recommendation and the supporting evidence. The 450-page guidelines and the extensive evidence base have been published by the European Commission. The chapter on organisation includes 29 graded recommendations. The content of the chapter is presented here to promote international discussion and collaboration by making the principles and standards recommended in the new EU Guidelines known to a wider professional and scientific community. Following these recommendations has the potential to enhance the control of colorectal cancer through improvement in the quality and effectiveness of the screening process, including multi-disciplinary diagnosis and management of the disease.
An Unusual Configuration of Recanalized Periumbilical Veins Mimicking Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage
Authors: DAVID H. STEMERMAN, GARY S. COHEN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

The authors describe the case of a 37-year-old woman with a history of cirrhosis and portal hypertension, who was referred for a bleeding scan because of a recent onset of melena. Using Tc-99m labeled red blood cells, scintigraphy demonstrated a recanalized paraumbilical vein and a blush to the right of the vein, which was thought to represent a gastrointestinal bleed in the region of the small bowel. The patient subsequently underwent angiography in an attempt to localize and embolize the source. Angiography demonstrated the paraumbilical vein to be in an unusual configuration in that it bifurcated and drained into either external iliac vein. The right limb of the recanalized channel actually represented the moving blush seen on the bleeding scan and no active bleed was demonstrated.
Abstract 2405: Identification of PHLPP as a tumour suppressor reveals the role of pathway feedback compensation in PTEN-mutant prostate cancer progression
Authors: Muhan Chen, Christopher P. Pratt, Martha E. Zeeman, Nicholaus Schultz, Barry S. Taylor, Audrey O'Neill, Mireia Castillo-Martin, Dawid G. Nowak, Adam Naguib, Danielle M. Grace, Jernej Murn, Chris Sander, William L. Gerald, Carlos Cordon-Cardo, Alexandra C. Newton, Brett S. Carver, Lloyd C. Trotman
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Hyper-activation of the PI 3-Kinase/ AKT pathway is common in many cancer types. Tumourigenesis through this pathway is prevented by concerted action of multiple tumour suppressor genes. Most notably, PTEN reverts PI 3-Kinase activity whereas excessive pathway activation triggers the p53-mediated senescence arrest. However, it remains ill defined if and at what stage this response acts in human prostate cancer. Here we identify the AKT-inactivating phosphatase PHLPP as a tumour suppressor and demonstrate how the p53-response can antagonise co-deletion of PTEN and PHLPP to form a barrier against prostate cancer progression. We show that Phlpp-loss causes neoplasia and upon partial Pten-loss, carcinoma in mouse prostate. In this setting, Phlpp-deficiency triggers growth arrest via mTorC1-dependent activation of p53 and we find that co-deletion of Pten and Phlpp selects for spontaneous inactivation of p53 in prostate. Validating this conditional gene inactivation scheme in a comprehensive genomic patient data set we find that co-deletion of PTEN and PHLPP is almost exclusively observed in metastatic prostate cancer and tightly correlated to deletion of TP53. Furthermore, PTEN/ PHLPP expression can be used to predict disease outcome in these patients, comparable to the standard histology based method, but adding actionable information on pathway status. Finally, we show that both known PHLPP isoforms compensate for PTEN-suppression in a novel pathway feedback explaining their co-deletion with PTEN in the metastatic samples. Surprisingly, we find that the feedback surge of these genes is sensitive to some pharmacological inhibitors of the PI 3-Kinase pathway. Collectively, our findings emphasise the need for careful evaluation of PI 3-Kinase target therapy effects in prostate cancer and highlight the value of genetically engineered mouse models in this process. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2405. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2405
Epidemiology of Cancer of the Testis in Upstate New York 2
Authors: Saxon Graham, Robert Gibson, Dee West, Mya Swanson, William Burnett, Hari Dayal
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

Journal Article Epidemiology of Cancer of the Testis in Upstate New York Get access Saxon Graham, Ph.D., Saxon Graham, Ph.D. 4 4Address reprint requests to Dr. Graham, SUNY at Buffalo, Room 58, 4224 Ridge Lea Rd., Amherst, N.Y. 14226. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Robert Gibson, Ph.D., Robert Gibson, Ph.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Dee West, Ph.D., Dee West, Ph.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Mya Swanson, A.B., Mya Swanson, A.B. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar William Burnett, M.D., M.P.H., William Burnett, M.D., M.P.H. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Hari Dayal, Ph.D. Hari Dayal, Ph.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 58, Issue 5, May 1977, Pages 1255–1261, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/58.5.1255 Published: 01 May 1977 Article history Received: 11 August 1976 Accepted: 17 November 1976 Published: 01 May 1977
FRI0513 Does non - erosive rheumatoid arthritis exist ?
Authors: J. Amaya-Amaya, E. Calvo-Páramo, A. Calderon-Páez, G. Torralvo-Morato, O. J. Calixto, R. D. Mantilla, J. M. Anaya, A. Rojas-Villarraga
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Erosions are the hallmark of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Although most of erosions may occur within 2 years of onset of the disease, their progression does not correlate with the duration of RA. Moreover, information about non-erosive RA is ambiguous. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of non-erosive RA. <h3>Methods</h3> Since no agreement about the time-lag interval for erosions appearance in RA exists, and there is no universally accepted definition about it, a zero score in hands and feet X-ray at 5 years of RA duration (by SvHD) was arbitrary considered as cut-off. Therefore, patients meeting these criteria were searched in a large cohort of RA patients (ACR, 1987). Metacarpophalangeal and metatarsophalangeal joints as well as wrist ultrasound (US) imaging (by OMERACT), and computed tomography (CT) were performed to confirm non-erosive RA. Spearman correlation coefficient, kappa analysis and Kendall´s W test were used to analyze data. <h3>Results</h3> Out of a total of 800 RA patients, 38 met inclusion criteria (4.75%). Most of them were women (76.3%). The median (IQR) of the age and duration of the disease were 52 (13) and 10 (8) years, respectively. Rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-CCP antibodies were positive in 86.8% and 55.3%, respectively. Non-erosive RA was confirmed by the three methods in only 7 patients. There was no concordance between the three methods. For this sample, the sensitivity and specificity were 70% and 52% for US, and 58% and 57% for CT, respectively. Non-erosive RA was positively although weakly correlated with improved functional class according to the HAQ (r=0.32, p=0.045) and ANA positivity (r=0.43, p=0.030), and negatively correlated with activity of the disease (by RAPID3, r= -0.32, p=0.05), the use of biological therapy (r= -0.31, p=0.05) and RF (r= -0.36, p=0.042). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Non-erosive RA is rare (0.87%). A good functional class, ANA positivity, RAPID3 score, the use of biological therapy and RF influence the absence of erosions in long-standing RA (i.e., 5 years). Since there is a high variability and a lack of concordance exists among the imagining techniques, a consensus and unified definition about non-erosive RA are warranted. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
CHANGES FOLLOWING ACUTE URETERAL OBSTRUCTION IN PIGS AS SEEN WITH Tc-99m-DMSA AND MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY.
Authors: David C. Price, Peter N. Bretan, Daniel B. Vigneron, Hedvig Hricak, Emil A. Tanagho, Thomas L. James
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

Price, David C.; Bretan, Peter N. Jr.; Vigneron, Daniel B.; Hricak, Hedvig; Tanagho, Emil A.; James, Thomas L. Author Information
SEX DIFFERENCES IN CORONARY PATHOPHYSIOLOGY IN PATIENTS WITH ANGINA IN THE ABSENCE OF OBSTRUCTIVE CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Authors: Vedant Pargaonkar, Yuhei Kobayashi, Shigemitsu Tanaka, Maya B. Mathur, Patricia Nguyen, David Lee, William Fearon, Alan Yeung, Jennifer Tremmel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
THU0465 Genetic Control of the Immune Response to Histone Derived Citrullinated Peptides in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
Authors: F. Pratesi, E. Petit-Teixeira, D. Ancillotti, F. Panza, F. Cornelis, P. Migliorini
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) sera contain antibodies specific for deiminated peptide/proteins (ACPA) directed against endogenous (filaggrin, fibrin, vimentin, collagen, enolase) or exogenous antigens. Recently ACPA reacting with citrullinated peptides derived from histone H4 have been detected. It is widely accepted that HLA-DRB1 alleles encoding the shared epitope sequences are associated with the production of ACPAs. However, the genetic background underlying the production of single ACPA specificities has not been thoroughly investigated. <h3>Objectives</h3> To analyze the reactivity to two different histone H4 derived citrullinated peptides (HCP1 = citrullinated H4<sub>14–34</sub> and HCP2 = citrullinated H4<sub>31–50</sub>) and to study their association with genetic variants within HLA-DRB1 SE alleles in a RA population. <h3>Methods</h3> One hundred and seventy-two French RA patients were characterized in terms of HLA-DRB1 genotype, anti VCP-A and anti-VCP-B antibodies. HLA-DRB1 typing was performed using the polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer (SSP) method, and SE alleles were classified into four SE+ groups (S1, S2, S3P, S3D) and one SE- group (X) according to the new classification of HLA-DRB1 alleles, reshaping the shared epitope (SE) hypothesis [1]. Anti-HCPs antibodies were assessed by home made ELISA on HCP1 and HCP2 coated plates. <h3>Results</h3> Setting the threshold value at the 98° percentile of the normal population, anti-HCP1 antibodies are present in 46% and anti-HCP2 antibodies in 62% of RA patients. Anti-HCP1 antibodies are not associated with HLA-SE alleles. On the contrary, anti-HCP2 antibodies are associated with HLA-DRB1 *0102 (p=0.04), *0401 (p=0.03), *0404 (p=0.01). Subgrouping the SE alleles according to the new classification, the presence of anti-HCP2 antibodies is associated with S2 allele (p&lt;0.05). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Using two histone H4 derived citrullinated peptides as probes, we showed genetic heterogeneity in the control of the immune response to single components of the ACPA family and to different portion of the same molecule. These data underline the need to type RA patients for different ACPA specificities, that may contribute to the identification of different subsets of patients. <h3>References</h3> du Montcel ST et al. Arthritis Rheum. 2005, 52(4): 1063-8 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> : None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.5450
Abstract 4862: Histone deacetylase inhibition induces DNA damage, slows down replication forks and activates dormant origins
Authors: Elisabetta Leo, Chiara Conti, Gabriel S. Eichler, Olivier Sordet, Melvina M. Martin, Angela Fan, Mirit I. Aladjem, Yves Pommier
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Histone acetylation is often altered in cancers and histone deacetylases inhibitors (HDACi) are actively pursued as anti-cancer agents. SAHA (suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid) is the first HDACi approved for clinical use. To monitor the effects of SAHA on DNA replication and genomic integrity in cancer cells, we detected broken DNA with COMET assays and analyzed phosphorylation of histone H2AX (gH2AX). Nuclear replication factories in single cells were visualized after pulse labeling with two thymidine analogs and confocal immunofluorescence microscopy. Nascent strand reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in the human g-globin locus was used to assess the effects of SAHA on replication fork origin firing. In addition, cellular replicons were analyzed by genome-wide molecular combing. Our experiments prove that pharmacological concentrations of SAHA induce replication damage, as shown by single-cell and single-DNA molecule analyses. Molecular combing demonstrated a slow-down of replicons and activation of dormant replication origins in response to SAHA treatment. Similar results were obtained with siRNA-mediated HDAC3 depletion indicating the selectivity of the effect of SAHA. Activation of dormant origins at the g-globin locus control region was confirmed by nascent strand RT-PCR. Our findings demonstrate specific replication alterations and DNA damage in response to SAHA and emphasize the importance of chromatin acetylation for DNA replication in human cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4862.
Association between Cigarette Smoking and Mutation of the p53 Gene in Squamous-Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck
Authors: Joseph A. Brennan, Jay O. Boyle, Wayne M. Koch, Steven N. Goodman, Ralph H. Hruban, Yolanda J. Eby, Marion J. Couch, Arlene A. Forastiere, David Sidransky
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Although epidemiologic studies have long associated tobacco and alcohol use with the development of squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck, the molecular targets of these carcinogens have yet to be identified. We performed a molecular analysis to determine the pattern of mutations in the p53 gene in neoplasms from patients with squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck and a history of tobacco or alcohol use.
ELECTRICAL REMODELING AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES AFTER LEFT ATRIAL APPENDAGE LIGATION AND CATHETER ABLATION IN PATIENTS WITH PERSISTENT ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Authors: Nitish Badhwar, Dhanunjaya Lakkireddy, Mitsuharu Kawamura, Sivaraman Iyer, Randall Lee
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)