tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Synergetics, artificial intelligence, and complex system analysis in recognition of phase transition early-invasive lung cancer
Authors: O. Kshivets
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

22183 Background: It was well-known, that 5-year survival (5YS) of non-small cell lung cancer (LC) patients (LCP) with stage IA (T1N0M0) with a tumor, diameter (D) less than 2cm reaches 100% after surgery while at D more than 2cm 5YS sharply falls. It was earlier proved, that it occurs because of phase transition (PT) “early-invasive LC” at the critical level of a LC cell population 4.189e+9 per human organism. Nevertheless, reaction of immunity at the human macrosystem, accompanying this PT is unknown. We have studied immune system of LCP with stage IA which D was less 2cm and 2.5–3cm. Methods: In trial (1986–2007) the data of consecutive 94 LC patients (LCP) after lobectomies (age=58.3±0.8 years; D=2.32±0.07 cm; m=80, f=14) with pathologic stage IA (T1N0M0) (squamous=36, adenocarcinoma=53, large cell=5; G1=32, G2=38, G3=24) were reviewed. D 0.5–2.0cm was in 48 (group A) and D=2.5–3.0cm - in 46 (group B).Variables selected for study were input levels of 64 immunity blood parameters, sex, age. Representativeness of samplings was reached by means of randomization based on unrepeated random selection. Logistic regression, clustering, discriminant analysis, neural networks computing, structural equation modeling, Monte Carlo and bootstrap simulation were used to determine any significant regularity. Results: 5YS was significantly superior in group A (100%) compared with group B (71.7%) (P<0.00045 by log-rank test). Logistic regression modeling displayed that PT significantly depended on: CD8+VV, CD8, CD16, B-cells (P=0.003–0.020). Neural networks computing, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between PT and phagocytic number (rank=1), T-lymphocytes (2), IgA (3), NST-A2 (4), CD4 (5), index of thymus function (6), monocytes (7), CD8 (8), B-cells (9). It was discovered that cell ratio factors were of great value in PT: ratio between LC cells and neutrophils (rank=1), CD4+2H (2), CD8+VV (3), T-lymphocytes (4), CD1 (5), CDw26 (6), lymphocytes (7), eosinophils (8), monocytes (9). Conclusions: Correct recognition of PT was 71.3% by logistic regression (odds ratio=6.15), 92.6% by discriminant analysis and 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=1.99e-19). No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Characterization of proliferative rebound during drug holiday by FLT-PET imaging in patients treated with sunitinib (SU).
Authors: M. R. Harrison, R. Jeraj, M. Vanderhoek, U. Simoncic, S. Perlman, J. Kolesar, J. C. Eickhoff, D. B. Alberti, G. Wilding, G. Liu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

3094 Background: SU is a TKI of VEGFR, PDGFR and c-Kit. Increase in pain at sites of known metastasis during VEGFR TKI withdrawal has been reported. We hypothesized that this withdrawal flare is caused by increased tumor proliferation. The PET radiotracer [18F]-FLT accumulates in cells with high thymidine kinase-1 activity, indicating areas of cell proliferation. We characterized the proliferative properties of the withdrawal flare using FLT-PET and assessed it as a marker of clinical benefit (CB). Methods: Pts with advanced solid cancers and no prior anti-VEGF therapy were enrolled. All pts had metastatic lesions amenable to PET/CT imaging. For Part A, SU was given at 50 mg PO qd } 4 wks, followed by a 2 wk break (6 wk cycles); FLT-PET scans were obtained at baseline, wk 4 (on SU), and wk 6 (off SU). For Part B, SU was given at 50 mg PO qd × 2 wks, followed by a 1 wk break (6 wk cycles); FLT-PET scans were obtained at baseline, wk 2 (on SU), and wk 3 (off SU). Disease assessments by CT were repeated every 2 cycles. Changes in SUV were calculated and RECIST status determined. CB was defined as progression of disease at > 6 mos. Results: Of 25 pts enrolled (A: 14, B: 11), complete, analyzed sets of FLT-PET scans are available for 8 in Part A (5 renal, 1 prostate, 1 small cell lung, 1 thymus) and 5 in Part B (2 renal, 1 esophagus, 1 liver, 1 sarcoma). A relative increase in SUV (off SU) was observed in 6 pts on A from wk 4 to 6 (mean ΔSUVpeak +65%, range -25 to +250%) and 1 pt on B from wk 2 to 3 (+15%). On A, relative increase in proliferation after SU withdrawal (wk 4 to 6) was lower in the CB (3 renal, 1 small cell lung, 1 prostate) vs. no CB group (mean ΔSUVpeak +35 vs. +105%; p = NS). No such difference was seen in Part B (wk 2 to 3). Conclusions: On Part A, a proliferative increase in target lesions after SU withdrawal was observed in 75% of pts with varying tumor types; there was also a trend toward correlation of lower withdrawal flare with CB from SU. Significant proliferative rebound was not seen on Part B, likely due to the relatively long t1/2 of SU and/or failure to reach steady-state levels. Ongoing work is assessing pharmacodynamic changes on FLT-PET with a more potent VEGFR TKI (axitinib), with the future goal of exploiting the flare to enhance chemotherapy response. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Pfizer
Abstract A2-08: Lymph node metastasis-related genes discovered through patient-derived xenograft models
Authors: Hyeong-Gon Moon, Hyun Hye Moon, Wonshik Han, Dong-Young Noh
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Background PDX model (Patient-derived xenograft model), one of the several advanced techniques for researching cancer, have appeared to overcome and supplement limitation of cell line based cancer research techniques. Purpose/ Methods To observe variation of gene level during organ-specific metastasis in breast cancer patients, we made PDX model after transplanting primary tissues from TNBC breast cancer patients to NOG-SCID mouse. Then we performed RNA sequencing and analyzed mRNA expression dataset using both metastatic tissues of axillary lymph node and tissues from xenograft tumor which was grown in mouse fat fad. Using breast cancer cell lines, selected genes from RNA sequencing and mRNA array dataset were examined their expression level by RT-PCR and qRT-PCR techniques. In addition, migration ability was also confirmed by migration assay in each cell line. Results TMSB4X, ANXA2P2, RPLP1 and IGFBP2 were more expressed in LN metastatic tissues than primary tissues and MGP, PROM1, MIA, KRT17 and KRT15 were downregulated in LN metastatic tissues. As a result of RT-PCR, qRT-PCR and migration assay, we knew that TMSB4X, ANXA2P2 and RPLP1 were mostly expressed in 14 breast cancer cell lines except some cell lines, and MIA was highly expressed in TNBC cell lines except MDA-MB-453. In addition, Hs578T, MDA-MB-231, HCC70, HCC38 and BT20 cell line had much higher migration ability than other cell lines. Discussion PDX model, generated by tissues from breast cancer patients, represents similar changes of gene expression or mutation as compared with the patients. In addition, PDX model can preserve gene expression patterns and mutation profiles. Therefore, candidate gene screening for lymph node metastasis in PDX model is a meaningful process for applying clinical study. Tumor metastasis ability is usually determined by migration or invasion ability of cancer cells, and specific signaling pathways that related to migration or invasion are also important to tumor metastasis mechanisms. Citation Format: Hyeong-Gon Moon, Hyun Hye Moon, Wonshik Han, Dong-Young Noh. Lymph node metastasis-related genes discovered through patient-derived xenograft models. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Translation of the Cancer Genome; Feb 7-9, 2015; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(22 Suppl 1):Abstract nr A2-08.
Increasing ideological tolerance in social psychology
Authors: Yoel Inbar, Joris Lammers
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2015)

Abstract We argue that recognizing current ideological diversity in social psychology and promoting tolerance of minority views is just as important as increasing the number of non-liberal researchers. Increasing tolerance will allow individuals in the minority to express dissenting views, which will improve psychological science by reducing bias. We present four recommendations for increasing tolerance.
Loss Of NIPA Leads To Defects In The Repair Of DNA Double Strand Breaks In Mice
Authors: Anna Lena Illert, Cristina Antinozzi, Hiroyuki Kawaguchi, Michal Kulinski, Christine Klitzing, Christian Peschel, Dirk de Rooji, Stephan w. Morris, Marco Barchi, Justus Duyster
Journal: Blood (2013)
PD-016 Developmental therapeutics activity portrait in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology Program
Authors: J. Grasselli, E. Elez, T. Sauri, T. Macarulla, M. Alsina, J. Capdevila, G. Argiles, C. Hierro, F. Salva, E. Sanz-García, F. Racca, A. Azaro, I. Braña, M. Ochoa de Olza, I. Grau, G. Sala, J. Rodon, R. Salazar, J. Tabernero
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Worsening suicide rate in black teenagers
Authors: D Shaffer, M Gould, R C Hicks
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

Over the past 30 years the incidence of suicide in older adolescents in the United States has shown marked gender and ethnic variations. The rate has remained largely stable among females of all ethnic groups. Among white males it reached a peak in 1988 but has since stabilized. The rate for black and other minority males, however, has increased markedly since 1986. Increases have been more rapid in regions where the incidence was historically low. One effect of these changes has been to reduce the discrepancy between white and black teen suicide rates. The perception that young blacks are at much lower risk for suicide than whites requires revision.
Postoperative radiotherapy in head and neck squamous cell cancers: AIIMS experience
Authors: M. Malik, T. Puri, B. K. Mohanti, G. K. Rath, P. K. Julka
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

16514 Background: Squamous cell cancers of the head and neck are one of the most common malignancies in India. Most patients present in advanced stages of disease. Postoperative radiotherapy is generally an integral part of management in these patients. Methods: Patients of head and neck squamous cell cancers treated with surgery and postoperative radiotherapy at AIIMS between January 1999 to December 2004 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: A total of 386 patients were treated of which 281 were available for evaluation. There were 233 males and 48 females. Median age was 46 years (range 18–73). Site-wise distribution was: oral cavity- 202, larynx-55, hypopharynx-14, paranasal sinus-4, oropharynx-4, neck nodes with unknown primary-2. Post-surgical margins were adequate in 241, close in 5 (2%) and positive in 35 (12%). Pathological stage grouping was: Stage I- 11(4%), Stage II- 52 (18%), Stage III- 63(22%), Stage IV- 155 (55%). Neck node dissection was done in 245 patients and nodes were pathologically negative in 119 (42%). Extracapsular extension (ECE) was seen in 19(7%) patients. Bone/cartilage invasion was seen in 62(22%). Patients with high risk features (close/positive margins, ECE, 4/&gt; positive nodes) were prescribed a dose of 64 Gy while the rest were planned to receive 60 Gy. 85% of patients completed the intended course of radiation. At a median follow up of 37 months, local recurrences were seen in 28 (10%), regional recurrence in 25 (9%) and distant metastasis in 10 (4%) patients. A second malignant neoplasm occurred in 6 patients (3-oropharynx, 2-oral cavity, 1-lung). Disease free survival (DFS) was 68%. ECE, post-surgical margin status and pathological lymph node status were significantly associated with DFS. Duration of postoperative radiotherapy and the surgery to radiotherapy interval did not significantly affect DFS. Conclusions: ECE, postsurgical margin status and pathological lymph node status significantly impact DFS in patients of surgically treated squamous cell cancers of head and neck. These patients require doses of adjuvant radiation &gt;/=64 Gy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A phase II combination study of bortezomib with pegylated-liposomal doxorubicin in patients with ovarian cancer failing platinum containing regimens
Authors: G. Scambia, G. Parma, G. Del Conte, D. Hess, A. Gadducci, D. Katsaros, C. Sessa, G. C. Trudel, N. Coceani, N. Colombo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

5581 Background: Despite introduction of platinum-taxane combinations, long-term survival of patients (pts) with advanced ovarian cancer still remains poor. Pegylated-liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) is the drug of choice in pts failing platinum-taxane, with response rates of ∼ 28% and 12% in platinum-sensitive and platinum-resistant pts, respectively. Based on preclinical studies showing that the combination of doxorubicin and bortezomib (B) induces a greater-than-additive extent of apoptosis, the aim of the present study was to assess the possible synergistic antitumor activity and safety profile of this combination in ovarian cancer pts failing platinum containing regimens. Methods: Multicenter open label uncontrolled, Simon 2-step design, Phase 2 study. Pts were stratified according to their latest response to platinum therapy: platinum-resistant (arm A) and platinum-sensitive (arm B) with at least 1 responder in 15 or 4 in 15, respectively required to move from step 1 to step 2. Treatment: B was administered iv on day 1,4,8,11 at the dose of 1.3 mg/m2, immediately followed by 30 mg/m2 i.v. PLD on day 1, repeating the cycle (both drugs) every 3 weeks. Objective tumor response was assessed according to GCIG recommendation of RECIST (ovarian cancer) and the CA 125 response criteria according to Rustin guidelines for a complete evaluation of progressive disease. Results: 15 pts were enrolled in both arms: Arm A: no response, however prolonged disease stabilization was observed. Arm B: 4 PR were observed. Consequently, only arm B was open for the 2nd step: at present 26 of a planned 36 evaluable pts have been enrolled. No unexpected toxicity was observed so far in either arm in 34 pts evaluated for safety and receiving an average of 4 cycles each. Main toxicities (observed in > 20% of pts) were: gastrointestinal (77% <G2 and 1 case G3), asthenia (50% <G2 and 1 case G3), cutaneous (23% <G2 and 1 case G3), neurotoxicity (25% <G2), and hematological (21% <G3). Conclusions: The combination of PLD and B is safe and feasible in pts with relapsing ovarian cancer. No responses were seen in the platinum-resistant group. The study is still open to accrual to assess a possible synergistic activity in platinum-sensitive pts. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A phase II safety study of bevacizumab in patients with multiple recurrent or progressive malignant gliomas
Authors: J. J. Raizer, L. Gallot, R. Cohn, J. Chandler, R. Levy, C. Getch, H. Batjer, M. Marymont, C. Tellez, A. Mellot, S. Newman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

2079 Introduction: Available treatment options for patients with recurrent MG are few. Recent trends have used target specific agents but none has been effective to date. A single agent trial was designed to determine the safety and efficacy of bevacizumab in patients with recurrent MG. Recently, bevacizumab and CPT-11 in combination have shown response rates of approximately 60%. Patients and Methods: All patients (pts) had to sign an IRB informed consent. All pts had to have at least two relapses. Pts had to be &gt; 18 year of age with Karnofsky performance status of &gt; 60. Adequate bone marrow, liver and renal function was required, as well as normal urine protein and creatinine. Patients were required to be on a non-enzyme inducing anti-convulsants. An MRI with perfusion was done at baseline (if patient consented) and then every 6 weeks. Patients continued on trial as long as they did not have tumor progression. Patients received bevacizumab 15 mg/kg every 3 weeks as a 60–90 minute infusion. Results: To date, 16 pts with recurrent MG have been treated. 14 pts had a glioblastoma (GBM) and 2 had an anaplastic oligodendroglioma (AO). Median number of doses given was 3 (range 1–12). No patient had an intracranial hemorrhage and the only significant toxicity was a DVT in a patient with prior DVT. Best responses per McDonald criteria were: PR in 2 pts, SD in 4 pts, PD in 3 pts and non-evaluable in 7 pts: 4 follow up imaging not done, 1 each with stable MRI after 2 doses but WD for non-compliance, clinical decline and patient’s choice. Results: Bevacizumab as a single agent given every 3 weeks at 15 mg/kg is safe. Partial responses and stable disease were seen in about 30 % of patients with follow up imaging but many patients are early in treatment. Our response rates to date are lower then previous reports of patients treated with CPT-11 and bevacizumab; this maybe due to the increased number of prior therapies, a different schedule of bevacizumab or the omission of CPT-11. Updated response rates, time to progression and overall survival will be presented. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Median values and maternal weight specific to the ethnic group should be used
Authors: K. Spencer
Journal: BMJ (1996)

EDITOR,—Lucy Gilbert and colleagues report a 3.5-fold increase in the proportion of women found to be positive on screening for Down's syndrome when rates among Indian Asian women were compared with those among white women.1 This prompted me to examine the data from Oldchurch Hospital's screening programme. Unlike Gilbert and colleagues' study, this screening programme uses (alpha) fetoprotein and free β human chorionic …
Carcinoembryonic Antigen in Children With Neuroblastoma12
Authors: Lawrence Helson, Fereshteh Ghavimi, Chen-Jen Wu, Martin Fleisher, Morton K. Schwartz
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

Plasma carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was assayed with a radioimmune procedure in 27 healthy control children. The upper limit of plasma CEA (mean+2 sd) was derived from healthy controls and was 3.35 ng/ml.This value was compared with those obtained from 15 children with active neuroblastoma, 7 with active embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, 16 with treated neuroblastoma and without evidence of disease, 14 disease-free patients with embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, and 17 patients still on therapy. The neuroblastoma and embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma patients with active disease had higher CEA values than did the successfully treated neuroblastoma and embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma patients. CEA plasma values greater than 3.35 ng/ml were found in 35% and 24% of patients with neuroblastoma and embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, respectively.
Fungal microbiota dysbiosis in IBD
Authors: Harry Sokol, Valentin Leducq, Hugues Aschard, Hang-Phuong Pham, Sarah Jegou, Cecilia Landman, David Cohen, Giuseppina Liguori, Anne Bourrier, Isabelle Nion-Larmurier, Jacques Cosnes, Philippe Seksik, Philippe Langella, David Skurnik, Mathias L Richard, Laurent Beaugerie
Journal: Gut (2016)

The bacterial intestinal microbiota plays major roles in human physiology and IBDs. Although some data suggest a role of the fungal microbiota in IBD pathogenesis, the available data are scarce. The aim of our study was to characterise the faecal fungal microbiota in patients with IBD.Bacterial and fungal composition of the faecal microbiota of 235 patients with IBD and 38 healthy subjects (HS) was determined using 16S and ITS2 sequencing, respectively. The obtained sequences were analysed using the Qiime pipeline to assess composition and diversity. Bacterial and fungal taxa associated with clinical parameters were identified using multivariate association with linear models. Correlation between bacterial and fungal microbiota was investigated using Spearman's test and distance correlation.We observed that fungal microbiota is skewed in IBD, with an increased Basidiomycota/Ascomycota ratio, a decreased proportion of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and an increased proportion of Candida albicans compared with HS. We also identified disease-specific alterations in diversity, indicating that a Crohn's disease-specific gut environment may favour fungi at the expense of bacteria. The concomitant analysis of bacterial and fungal microbiota showed a dense and homogenous correlation network in HS but a dramatically unbalanced network in IBD, suggesting the existence of disease-specific inter-kingdom alterations.Besides bacterial dysbiosis, our study identifies a distinct fungal microbiota dysbiosis in IBD characterised by alterations in biodiversity and composition. Moreover, we unravel here disease-specific inter-kingdom network alterations in IBD, suggesting that, beyond bacteria, fungi might also play a role in IBD pathogenesis.
Results on quality assurance of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique by reference centers for HER2 status determination in metastatic breast cancer (MBC): FISH 2002 study
Authors: F. Penault-Llorca, B. Lannes, L. Arnould, A. Vincent-Salomon, G. MacGrogan, M. Vilain, V. Fermeaux, I. Treilleux, C. Blanc-Fournier, J. Couturier, s. Groupe d'Etudes des Facteurs Pronos
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

22028 Background: The FISH 2002 Study evaluated concordance between IHC and FISH in local and regional centers. Primary MBC tumor samples were tested by IHC for HER2 status according to in-house techniques at 18 regional (n=871) and 81 peripheral (n=670) centers in France between 2002 and 2006. All samples were tested by FISH at regional centers [results presented SABCS 2006]. The second part of the study comprised a quality assurance study of the FISH techniques. Methods: 464 cases were selected according to protocol (see table) and were either re-assessed on archived pictures or retested by 3 reference centers (Clermont-Ferrand, Strasbourg & Paris-Curie). 246 samples were re-assessed and 166 were retested out of 395 re-evaluated cases. Results: Global discordance combining re-assessment and retesting results were 10.7% in the first half of the study and 5.1% in the second one (p=0.041). Conclusions: Concordance was excellent for negative and 2+ cases (97.5% to 100%). Among low amplification cases, 70% were concordant: discordant cases were mainly interpretation pitfalls of polysomic cases, emphasizing the importance of double stained FISH analyses. The overall concordance and quality of HER2 status determined by FISH has improved significantly over time. This improvement is likely to be related to the introduction of rigorous quality control procedures, training, and education, which should be continued. Type of case (n = 412) Cases selection Analyzable cases (n) Discordant cases (n) False positive (%) False negative (%) Concordant negative IHC/FISH * 10% random 45 0 – 0 Concordant positive IHC/FISH * 20% random 13 2 15.4 – IHC 2+ * All 173 6 11.1 0.8 Discordant IHC/FISH * All 18 2 25.0 0 Low amplification (≥6 and <8 copies) ** All 30 9 30.0 0 Poor FISH technical quality ** All 8 0 0 0 * FISH re-assessed on picture ** FISH retested Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Hoffmann-La Roche Hoffmann-La Roche Hoffmann-La Roche
Prognostic value of blood glucose in Hodgkin's disease.
Authors: R F Schilling, B McKnight, J J Crowley
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1984)

Subjects with Hodgkin's disease and an initial blood glucose greater than 115 mg/dL had an impressively shorter survival than those with a glucose below that level. The same is true if the groups are formed from those having glucose above or below 100. The correlation between glucose and survival persisted after allowing for the survival effects of histology, stage, symptom class, and age.