tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SP0121 How to Implement Referral Criteria?
Authors: A. Van Tubergen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3></h3> Patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) are often diagnosed late in their disease course. Offering tools for referral may be helpful in improving early diagnosis. Several initiatives have been performed to study the effect of referral strategies in primary care. The objectives of these referral programs were to identify patients with possible axSpA early, make a correct diagnosis, and to provide the best possible care as early as possible. The yield of these referral programs was found to be high, up to 45% of the patients who were referred suffered from axSpA (1). The use of a referral tool seems therefore useful. For successful implementation of a referral tool, an important prerequisite is to pay attention to potential barriers for application of this tool in daily practice. Barriers for implementation may be related to the nature of the tool (e.g. feasibility, credibility), the characteristics of the primary care workers (e.g. knowledge, attitude), social context (e.g. opinion of colleagues, culture), organisational context (e.g. resources, time), and economic and political context (e.g. financial arrangements) (2). Interviews and questionnaires can help identifying these barriers. Multifaceted implementation strategies, tailored to the barriers found and offered in several steps seem to be effective. Examples are use of a combination of the following: education, providing electronic letters or a laminated card with referral criteria and other important SpA features which can contribute to early recognition, writing an overview article in journals for primary care and disseminate these, audit records of routinely collected data and provide feedback, and involving key opinion leaders. Also influencing the environment around the primary care workers may help in increasing awareness, for example by media attention and contacting patient societies and inform them to increase awareness of SpA features among family members. There is not one unique strategy for successful implementation, because this may depend on local situations. By not addressing the full spectrum of barriers, implementation of a referral tool might fail. <h3>References</h3> J Sieper, M Rudwaleit. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2012;8:262-8 R Grol, M Wensing. MJA 2004:180;S57-60 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
P587 PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF AFP LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA: PROSPECTIVE EVALUATION OF 715 CONSECUTIVE PATIENTS PRESENTED AT OUR MULTIDISCIPLINARY COMMITTEE FROM 2006 TO 2011
Authors: E. Fourquet-Offredi, E. Berard, C. Christol, F. Muscari, P. Otal, C. Bureau, L. Buscail, M. Faruch, M.-A. Robic, J.-P. Vinel, J.-M. Peron
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Poisoning by "Lethane" Insecticide
Authors: C. V. Harrison
Journal: BMJ (1947)

in no way, resembled in severity a previous epidemic of neonatal diarrhoea which had occurred in the maternity wards at the beginning of the year, and which had been associated with a high mortality.Moreover, on that occa- sion no adults had been involved."The second, described by Sakula (1943), is a typical outbreak of diarrhoea and vomiting occurring in newborn babies, with a case mortality of over 80%.The clinical distinction between these two epidemics, both involving babies, is obvious.Further evidence against the association of the two diseases is supplied by the infant mortality rate for diarrhoea and vomiting in Cornwall.Throughout 1946 a widespread outbreak of diarrhoea and vomiting was prevalent among the adult population.Yet the infant mortality from diarrhoea and vomiting for 1946 is the lowest for some years, being 1.7 per 1,000 live births. SummaryTwo outbreaks of diarrhoea and vomiting occurring at two county institutions in Cornwall during 1946 are described.These outbreaks were part of a widespread epidemic among the surrounding population.With the exception of three deaths, all in aged patients, symptoms were mild and conformed to previous epidemics reported in the literature, a summary of which,is included.Evidence obtained from these Cornish out- breaks points to an air-borne disease with an incubation period of 72 hours, the portal of entry being either the upper respira- tory or the gastro-intestinal tract; the organism is probably a virus.The relation between epidemic diarrhoea and vomiting in adults and that which occurs in newborn babies is discussed; the evidence points to the two conditions having a separate aetiology.
Abstract 2627: Antitumor effect in human lung cancer by a combination treatment of novel histone deacetylase inhibitors: SL142 or SL325 and retinoic acids
Authors: Takuya Fukazawa, Shaoteng Han, Tomoki Yamatsuji, Junji Mastuoka, Hiroyuki Miyachi, Ichiro Morita, Munenori Takaoka, Yutaka Maeda, Yoshio Naomoto
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors arrest cancer cell growth and cause apoptosis with low toxicity thereby constituting a promising treatment for cancer. In this study, we investigated the anti-tumor activity in lung cancer cells of the novel cyclic amide-bearing hydroxamic acid based HDAC inhibitors SL142 and SL325. In A549 and H441 lung cancer cells both SL142 and SL325 induced more cell growth inhibition and cell death than the hydroxamic acid-based HDAC inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA). Moreover, the combination treatment using retinoid drugs ATRA or 9-cis RA along with SL142 or SL325 significantly induced more apoptosis and suppressed colony formation than the single use of either. The expression of the retinoic acid receptors RAR α, RAR β, RXR α and RXR β were unchanged with the treatment. However a luciferase reporter construct (pGL4. RARE 7x) containing seven tandem repeats of the retinoic acid responsible element (RARE) generated significant transcriptional activity after the combination treatment of retinoic acids and SL142 or SL325 in H441 lung cancer cells. Moreover, apoptosis-promoting Bax expression and caspase-3 activity was increased after the combination treatment. These results suggest that the combination treatment of SL142 or SL325 with retinoic acids exerts significant anti-tumor activity and is a promising therapeutic candidate to treat human lung cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2627. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2627
Epidermal growth factor receptor targeting and challenges in glioblastoma
Authors: Amy Haseley Thorne, Ciro Zanca, Frank Furnari
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)

With the evolution of technology, there is now a deeper understanding of glioblastoma as an inter- and intraheterogeneous disease comprising a multitude of genetically and epigenetically different cancer cells. Greater characterization of glioblastoma at the molecular level has improved its initial pathophysiological staging and classification. With this knowledge comes the hope that more efficacious therapies to combat this highly lethal disease are on the horizon. One possibility for intervention is represented by the targeting of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which is amplified and mutated in a large subset of patients. In this review, we provide a brief overview of EGFR and its mutated form, EGFR variant III, describing the downstream cellular pathways activated by each receptor, available animal models, therapeutic strategies to inhibit the receptor, and possible intervention routes to efficiently target this receptor and prevent the emergence of resistant mechanisms which to date have hampered a successful therapeutic outcome.
Evaluation sur le long terme de la morbidité globale des patients présentant une polypose adénomateuse familiale
Authors: C Morin, O Guillaud, M Pioche, C Bergoin, T Ponchon, JC Saurin
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

La polypose adénomateuse familiale est une maladie caractérisée par le développement précoce d'adénomes du tractus digestif haut et bas. Des traitements chirurgicaux et endoscopiques lourds sont nécessaires pour prévenir le développement de cancers colorectaux et duodénaux. Cette étude évalue l'incidence des complications de ces interventions qui impactent considérablement la qualité de vie.
Offering women safer options than “vaginal seeding” for infants born by caesarean section
Authors: Clever Banda
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Cunnington and colleagues’ paper raises concerns about the risk of transmission of serious infections posed by the practice of “vaginal seeding” in infants born by caesarean section.1 This practice involves exposing these infants to vaginal fluids post-delivery and therefore exposing them to similar microbiota to that of infants born vaginally. Delivery by caesarean has been associated with problems such …
EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF FIRST GENERATION VERSUS NEWER GENERATION DRUG-ELUTING STENTS IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES: A DIRECT COMPARISON META-ANALYSIS OF 8,438 PATIENTS FROM RANDOMIZED TRIALS
Authors: Chirag Bavishi, Sadik Panwar, Stefania Pirrotta, Usman Baber, George Dangas, Pedro Moreno, Jacqueline Tamis-Holland, Annapoorna Kini, Samin Sharma
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Abstract 823: Identification of FISH biomarkers to detect chromosome abnormalities associated with prostate adenocarcinoma in tumor and field effect environment
Authors: Ying Zhang, Thomas Perez, Beth Blondin, Diana Escarzaga, John Coon, Larry Morrison, Katerina Pestova
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Introduction. The focal nature of prostate cancer (CA) contributes to needle biopsy sampling error with false negative rates of 15-30%. Here we used fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis to assess molecular abnormalities in prostate specimens as an aid to CA diagnosis. We also evaluated the feasibility of combined immunofluorescence and FISH to facilitate assessment of chromosomal abnormalities. Experimental Procedure. 33 radical prostatectomy (RP) specimens from patients with adenocarcinoma of the prostate were evaluated by FISH with MYC, LPL, PTEN and centromere 8 probes. For each specimen, a tissue section was scribed by a pathologist to mark the tumor region(s). For 17 of the RP cases, a second section was available with only histologically benign tissue. FISH signals were enumerated in 50-100 cells per section. 26 hyperplasia (BPH) specimens, served as controls. Immunofluorescence (IF) with AMACR antibody was also used in the same assay with FISH. Results. Chromosomal copy number abnormalities were observed in most RP specimens, both within tumor regions and extending beyond histologically evident tumor, while few abnormalities were observed in the BPH specimens, using a cut-off value for FISH positivity based on the mean +/- 2 SD of cells with less than or greater than 2 signals in BPH specimens. A combination of MYC gain, LPL loss, PTEN loss or chromosome 8 aneusomy within the scribed tumor regions identified adenocarcinoma in 82% (27/33) of RP specimens, with a specificity of 81% relative to BPH (χ2 p&amp;lt;0.001). When detected in regions of normal histology, these abnormalities correlated with adenocarcinoma in 47% (8/17 RP specimens, χ2 p=0.05 relative to BPH). IF combined with FISH facilitated selection of the abnormal regions of interest for molecular assessment in the heterogeneous prostate specimens. The IF-staining closely correlated with morphological assessment of tumor by a trained pathologist. Conclusions. This study identified FISH probes for detection of chromosomal abnormalities associated with prostate CA that could potentially serve as a diagnostic aid in biopsy specimens. This study also indicates that chromosome abnormalities are present in RP specimens within regions of normal histology, indicating a substantial tumor field effect. Therefore, a molecular test based on FISH to measure abnormal MYC, LPL, PTEN and centromere 8 copy numbers may allow detection of cancer otherwise missed by histopathological examination and thus improve diagnosis of prostate cancer by reducing sampling error of needle biopsies. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 823.
Abstract 4382: Matricellular protein Cyr61/CCN1 regulates the stemness of oral cancer stem-like cells
Authors: Chih-Hao Chang, Shih-Jeng Leu, Jeng-Fan Lo
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Cysteine-rich 61 (Cyr61 [CCN1]), a matricellular and plasma membrane protein that has disparate function dependent on cell type-specific manner, is closely related to proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Besides, EMT promotes stemness properties in normal and neoplastic cells. Therefore, we want to examine whether CCN1 plays a role in our previous enriched oral cancer stem-like cells (OC-SLCs). Methods: Initially, the expression of CCN1 in OC-SLCs translationally was evaluated. Further, the cell surface CCN1 positive cells from oral cancer cells or OC-SLCs were sorted for further study. We will compare the difference of stemness properties and tumorigenicity between CCN1 positive and negative cells. Further, downregulation of CCN1 in oral cancer cells was achieved to evaluate the function of CCN1 on oral cancer tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo. The molecular mechanisms mediated by CCN1 on regulating the oral cancer tumorigenicity will also be elucidated Results: We found that CCN1 protein was upregulated in OC-SLCs. Comparing to CCN1 negative cells, CCN1 positive cells exhibited higher sphere formation ability and highly expressed stem cell markers, Nanog and Oct-4. Flow cytometry analyses showed that cytoplasmic membrane CCN1 positive OC-SLCs also co-expression with cancer stem-like cell makers, ABCG2, Grp78 and CD133. In addition, CCN1 knockdown cells decreased sphere formation ability and displayed morphological alternation with loss of EMT. Analysis of CCN1 knockdown cells found that EMT related markers were significantly changed. Overall, we demonstrated that CCN1 is involved in maintenance of stemness and acquisition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in OC-SLCs. Conclusion: Our data suggest that Cyr61 could be a potential oral cancer stem cell marker, and also the key molecule to regulate the stemness of oral cancer stem-like cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4382. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4382
CÁNCER COLORRECTAL “OLVIDADO”: EXPERIENCIA EN UN HOSPITAL DE TERCER NIVEL
Authors: JL Cuño Roldán, JA González Martín, M Aicart Ramos, E Tavío Hernández, L Téllez Villajos, JR Foruny Olcina, B Peñas García, E Vázquez Sequeiros, D Boixeda De Miquel, A Albillos Martínez
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Introducción: La colonoscopia se considera el "gold standard" para la detección de pólipos y cáncer. No obstante pueden quedar no diagnosticados un 4 – 6% de CCR. Objetivo: Conocer, en nuestro medio, el número y características de CCR no diagnosticados en colonoscopias realizadas los 5 años previos a la detección de un CCR. Revisar factores de calidad de la colonoscopia previa. Material y Método: Análisis retrospectivo de CCR de novo (se excluyeron recidivas de CCR) diagnosticados en nuestro Hospital en 2012. Se utilizó las bases de datos de la Unidad de Endoscopias, del Servicio de Anatomía Patológica y del sistema informático del Hospital. Análisis descriptivo de variables. Resultados: En el año 2012 fueron diagnosticados de novo en nuestro Centro 280 CCR. A 13 de ellos (4,6%) se les realizó colonoscopia en los 5 años anteriores. Fueron 6 mujeres y 7 varones (mediana de edad 77 (R.I.: 55 – 83)). La mayoría de los cánceres (10/13, 77%) se localizaron en colon derecho, 1 en transverso, 1 en izquierdo y 1 en unión recto-sigma. 6 casos de los 13 casos estaban en estadio A de Dukes, 4 en B y 2 en estadio C. Según la colonoscopia previa a este diagnóstico, en 1 caso fue realizada en el año anterior al diagnóstico de CCR, en 3 casos entre 1 y 2 años, en 5 casos entre 2 y 3 años, y en 4 casos entre 4 y 5 años antes. 5 exploraciones fueron incompletas. 7 procedimientos se realizaron sin sedación. 10/13 colonoscopias fueron realizadas por endoscopistas con más de 10 años de experiencia. En 11 exploraciones se describía cualitativamente grado de preparación constando sólo claramente en dos ser inadecuada. Conclusiones: En nuestro medio, la tasa de CCR “olvidados” se encuentra dentro de límites aceptables. La mayoría se encuentran en colon derecho y son estadios precoces.
Endoscopic diagnosis of a gastric small cell carcinoma with liver metastasis
Authors: S. Yan, M. Lai, Y. Yeh, T. Yang
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

Primary small cell carcinomas of the stomach are extremely rare, accounting for less than 0.1 % of primary gastric cancers [1]. The clinical behavior of primary gastric small cell carcinoma is as aggressive as that of small lung cancer [2]. Distal metastases are frequently observed at initial presentation [3]. Small cell carcinomas proliferates mainly in the submucosal layer like a carcinoid tumor [1] [4]; however, the tumor may have endoscopic features identical to those of gastric adenocarcinoma [1]. Preoperative diagnosis of gastric small cell carcinoma is difficult because of its histological heterogeneity and microscopic resemblance to malignant lymphoma or undifferentiated adenocarcinoma [1] [4]. We report here a case of primary small cell carcinoma of stomach with liver metastasis, which was correctly diagnosed with endoscopic and liver biopsy.
Diagnosis of Lung Cancer Using Two-Phase Tl-201 SPECT and Modified Retention Image to View Tumor in the Collapsed Lung: Comparison with Bolus CT
Authors: ATSUSHI KUROHARA, MITSUTAKA FUKUMOTO, NAOKI AKAGI, NAOKO YOSHIMURA, SHOJI YOSHIDA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1998)

In this report the usefulness of Tl-201 SPECT and modified retention images in the differentiation of lung cancer and postobstructive collapse was studied. Two-phase Tl-201 SPECT was performed in 20 lung cancer lesions in which postobstructive collapse was suspected on CT. Retention imaging was done afterward. Three types of Tl-201 images were compared with the bolus CT images. Bolus CT differentiated lung cancer from postobstructive collapse in 7 of the 20 lesions (35%). Tl-201 SPECT differentiated the two conditions in 9 of 20 lesions (45%) on early Tl-201 SPECT and in 13 of 20 lesions (65%) on delayed imaging. With modified retention images, differentiation was possible in 13 of 20 lesions (65%). By combining delayed Tl-201 SPECT and modified retention images, lung cancer alone could be demonstrated in 18 of 20 lesions (90%). Combined delayed Tl-201 SPECT and modified retention images were more effective than bolus CT in delineating the extent of lung cancer in the presence of postobstructive collapse.
A Randomized Trial of a Program to Reduce the Use of Psychoactive Drugs in Nursing Homes
Authors: Jerry Avorn, Stephen B. Soumerai, Daniel E. Everitt, Dennis Ross-Degnan, Mark H. Beers, David Sherman, Susanne R. Salem-Schatz, David Fields
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

Although psychoactive medications have substantial side effects in the elderly, these drugs are used frequently in nursing homes. Few interventions have succeeded in changing this situation, and little is known about the clinical effects of such interventions.
Abstract 4989: Conditional NFAT activation promotes prostate oncogenesis through cell autonomous and non-cell autonomous effects.
Authors: Kalyan Reddy Manda, Piyush Tripathi, Yinqiu Wang, Peter A. Humphrey, Minggui Pan, Feng Chen
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Although the activation of nuclear factor of activated T Cells (NFAT) has been linked to cellular transformation and its upregulation has been found in multiple tumor types, its potential role in prostate cancer (PCa) is unknown. We have recently found that NFATc1 activation in prostate epithelium results in prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) that progresses to prostate adenocarcinoma in a Doxycycline (Dox)-inducible murine model. The adenocarcinoma primarily consists of Cytokeratin 8 (CK8)+, Androgen receptor (AR)+ luminal epithelial cells and reactive stroma with features similar to the most common types of human PCa. Both cells with NFATc1 activation and neighboring cells without NFATc1 activation have significant upregulation of c-Myc and activation of Stat3. Besides known and suspected NFATc1 targets, such as Spp1, we have revealed the early upregulation of a number of cytokines and cytokine receptors, as key molecular components of an inflammatory and pro-mitogenic microenvironment that promotes both NFATc1+ and NFATc1− cells to participate in tumor formation. Thus, NFATc1 activation has cell autonomous effects on the NFATc1+ cells and non-cell autonomous effects on neighboring cells through secreted factors, resulting in eciprocal prostatic epithelial-stromal interactions for promoting PCa development. Our studies present the first direct in vivo evidence that NFATc1 activation can induce PCa resembling human PCa and provide a versatile platform to further study the pathogenic mechanism of PCa. Citation Format: Kalyan Reddy Manda, Piyush Tripathi, Yinqiu Wang, Peter A. Humphrey, Minggui Pan, Feng Chen. Conditional NFAT activation promotes prostate oncogenesis through cell autonomous and non-cell autonomous effects. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4989. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4989