tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Racial and Ethnic Variation in Access to Health Care, Provision of Health Care Services, and Ratings of Health Among Women With Histories of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Catherine Kim, Brandy Sinco, Edith A. Kieffer
Journal: Diabetes Care (2007)

The purpose of this study was to assess racial/ethnic variation in access to health care, use of particular health care services, presence of cardiovascular risk factors, and perceptions of health and impairment among women at risk for type 2 diabetes because of their histories of gestational diabetes mellitus (hGDM).We performed a cross-sectional study using the 2001-2003 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, a national population-based, random sample telephone survey. We assessed access to health care, use of family planning, measurement and elevation of cholesterol, elevation of blood pressure, and respondents' perceptions of health and impairment among women aged 18-44 years with hGDM (n = 4,718). Multivariate models adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, BMI, presence of children in the household, and current smoking.Outcome measures were suboptimal across racial/ethnic groups. Approximately one-fifth of the overall population reported no health insurance, cost barriers to physician visits, and no primary care provider. One-quarter had no examination within the past year, and almost one-fifth reported no family planning and elevated cholesterol levels. Latinas were the most disadvantaged, with 40% reporting no health insurance and no primary care provider and one-fourth reporting suboptimal perceptions of health. Asian/Pacific Islanders were the most advantaged in terms of health care access, cholesterol and blood pressure elevation, and impaired physical health. Racial/ethnic differences in health care use and presence of risk factors were not entirely explained by health care access or other covariates.Significant racial/ethnic variation exists among women with hGDM for access to and use of health care, presence of risk factors, and perceptions of health.
Cryosurgical ablation of the atrioventricular node-His bundle: long-term follow-up and properties of the junctional pacemaker.
Authors: G J Klein, W C Sealy, E L Pritchett, L Harrison, D B Hackel, D Davis, J Kasell, A G Wallace, J J Gallagher
Journal: Circulation (1980)

We used a cryosurgical technique to ablate the atrioventricular (AV) node-His bundle in twenty-two selected patients with disabling supraventricular tachyarrhythmias unresponsive to medical management. Successful AV block was achieved in seventeen. There was no intraoperative mortality and significant surgical complications were not encountered. Electrophysiologic studies performed 7-10 days after surgery revealed that the subsidiary pacemaker had a narrow QRS complex morphology and a mean cycle length of 1244 msec. Isoproterenol (1-4 microgram/min i.v.) significantly increased (p less than 0.01) the rate of the subsidiary pacemaker (mean maximum response 1008.3 msec); atropine (2 mg i.v.) had no effect on its rate. The cycle length of the subsidiary pacemaker during long-term follow-up (mean 14.8 months) showed a small but significant (p = 0.024) increase (mean cycle length 1430 msec). Treadmill exercise in seven patients did not result in the subsidiary pacemaker exceeding the rate of the implanted demand pacemaker set at 70 beats/min. The properties of the subsidiary pacemaker suggest an intra-Hisian site of impulse formation.
Is There a Human Homologue to the Murine Proteolysis-Inducing Factor?
Authors: Barbara M. Wieland, Grant D. Stewart, Richard J.E. Skipworth, Kathryn Sangster, Kenneth C.H. Fearon, James A. Ross, Tony J. Reiman, Jay Easaw, Marina Mourtzakis, Vishesh Kumar, Brian J. Pak, Kathryn Calder, Gerasimos Filippatos, Dimitris T. Kremastinos, Monica Palcic, Vickie E. Baracos
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Purpose: A tumor-derived proteolysis-inducing factor (PIF) is suggested to be a potent catabolic factor in skeletal muscle of mice and humans. We aimed to establish the clinical significance of PIF in cancer patients and to elucidate its structural features. Experimental Design: PIF was detected in human urine using a monoclonal antibody (mAb) and related to clinical outcomes. PIF immunoaffinity-purified using the mAb was purified/separated using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and two-dimensional electrophoresis. Ten human cancer cell lines were tested for expression of mRNA encoding PIF core peptide. Results: PIF immunoreactivity was present in 160 of 262 patients with advanced cancers of the lung, esophagus/stomach, and other organs. In a Kaplan-Meier survival analysis of 181 lung cancer patients, PIF was unrelated to survival; PIF status was also unrelated to skeletal muscle loss confirmed by computed tomography imaging. PIF was seen in 16 of 24 patients with chronic heart failure and thus is not exclusive to malignant disease. In-gel digestion and mass spectrometric analysis of immunoaffinity purified PIF from cancer patients consistently identified human albumin and immunoglobulins. We showed nonspecific binding of purified albumin and immunoglobulins to the anti-PIF mAb, which is thus not a useful tool for PIF detection or purification in humans. Finally, the human PIF core peptide was detected in human cancer cell lines using reverse transcription-PCR and nucleotide sequencing; however, none of the amplified products had a site for the glycosylation critical to the proteolysis-inducing activity of murine PIF. Conclusions: A putative human homologue of murine PIF and its role in human cancer cachexia cannot be verified.
Continuing Reassessment of the Risks of Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents in Patients with Cancer
Authors: Vinni Juneja, Patricia Keegan, Joseph E. Gootenberg, Mark D. Rothmann, Yuan Li Shen, Kyung Y. Lee, Karen D. Weiss, Richard Pazdur
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Purpose: Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA) are approved for the treatment of anemia in patients with nonmyeloid malignancies whose anemia is due to the effect of concomitantly administered chemotherapy. Since the 1993 approval of epoetin alfa in patients with cancer, the risk of thrombovascular events, decreased survival, and poorer tumor control have been increasingly recognized. The risks of ESAs in patients with cancer and the design of trials to assess these risks have been the topic of discussion at two Oncologic Drugs Advisory Committees in 2004 and 2007. Experimental Design: Evaluation of randomized clinical trials comparing use of ESAs to transfusion support alone in patients with active cancer. Results: Six studies (Breast Cancer Erythropoeitin Survival Trial, Evaluation of NeoRecormon on outcome in Head And Neck Cancer in Europe, Danish Head and Neck Cancer, Lymphoid Malignancy, CAN-20, and Anemia of Cancer) investigating ESAs in oncology patients showed decreased survival, decreased duration of locoregional tumor control, and/or increased risk of thrombovascular events. In these six studies, ESA dosing was targeted to achieve and maintain hemoglobin values in excess of current recommendations, and in three of the six studies, ESAs were administered to patients not receiving chemotherapy. Conclusions: ESAs increase the risk of thrombovascular events and result in decreased survival and poorer tumor control when administered to achieve hemoglobin levels of ≥12 g/dL in patients with nonmyeloid malignancies. No completed or ongoing randomized, controlled trial has addressed safety issues of ESAs in patients with chemotherapy-associated anemia using currently approved dosing regimens in an epidermal tumor type. Additional studies are needed to better characterize these risks.
Global Longitudinal Strain Is a Superior Predictor of All-Cause Mortality in Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction
Authors: Morten Sengeløv, Peter Godsk Jørgensen, Jan Skov Jensen, Niels Eske Bruun, Flemming Javier Olsen, Thomas Fritz-Hansen, Kotaro Nochioka, Tor Biering-Sørensen
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2015)
THE PROSPECT OF PSORIASIS.
Authors: RONALD CHURCH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1958)

Journal Article THE PROSPECT OF PSORIASIS. Get access RONALD CHURCH, M.A., M.D., M.R.C.P.(Ed.). RONALD CHURCH, M.A., M.D., M.R.C.P.(Ed.). The Rupert Hallam Department of Dermatology, The Royal Infirmary, Sheffield Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 70, Issue 4, 1 April 1958, Pages 139–145, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1958.tb13306.x Published: 01 April 1958
Evaluation of vascular signal in pancreatic ductal carcinoma using contrast enhanced ultrasonography: effect of systemic chemotherapy
Authors: A Kobayashi
Journal: Gut (2005)

Evaluation of the effect of chemotherapy for pancreatic ductal cancer (PC) is generally conducted based on changes in tumour diameter using imaging modalities; however, exact measurement is often difficult because of local inflammation, fibrotic change, and desmoplastic reaction to treatment, leading to an unreliable evaluation.1,2 PC is considered a hypovascular tumour. However, newly developed highly sensitive ultrasonic equipment has enabled the detection of vascular signals in PC; vascular signals were detected in 20–67% of cases.3–7 We focused on changes in tumour vascularity of PC associated with chemotherapy, and attempted to apply it to evaluation of the effect of treatment and usefulness in relation to prognosis. In this study, we assessed vascular images of the tumour based on the Doppler signal (v signal) using contrast enhanced ultrasonography …
Combination of Photodynamic Therapy and Specific Immunotherapy Efficiently Eradicates Established Tumors
Authors: Jan Willem Kleinovink, Pieter B. van Driel, Thomas J. Snoeks, Natasa Prokopi, Marieke F. Fransen, Luis J. Cruz, Laura Mezzanotte, Alan Chan, Clemens W. Löwik, Ferry Ossendorp
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

The efficacy of immunotherapy against advanced cancer may be improved by combination strategies. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a local tumor ablation method based on localized activation of a photosensitizer, leading to oxygen radical-induced tumor cell death. PDT can enhance antitumor immune responses by release of antigen and danger signals, supporting combination protocols of PDT with immunotherapy.We investigated the local and systemic immune effects of PDT after treatment of established tumors. In two independent aggressive mouse tumor models, TC-1 and RMA, we combined PDT with therapeutic vaccination using synthetic long peptides (SLP) containing epitopes from tumor antigens.PDT of established tumors using the photosensitizer Bremachlorin resulted in significant delay of tumor outgrowth. Combination treatment of PDT with therapeutic SLP vaccination cured one third of mice. Importantly, all cured mice were fully protected against subsequent tumor rechallenge, and combination treatment of primary tumors led to eradication of distant secondary tumors, indicating the induction of a systemic antitumor immune response. Indeed, PDT by itself induced a significant CD8(+) T-cell response against the tumor, which was increased when combined with SLP vaccination and essential for the therapeutic effect of combination therapy.We show that immunotherapy can be efficiently combined with PDT to eradicate established tumors, based on strong local tumor ablation and the induction of a robust systemic immune response. These results suggest combination of active immunotherapy with tumor ablation by PDT as a feasible novel treatment strategy for advanced cancer.
A Gene Expression Signature that Can Predict the Recurrence of Tamoxifen-Treated Primary Breast Cancer
Authors: Maïa Chanrion, Vincent Negre, Hélène Fontaine, Nicolas Salvetat, Frédéric Bibeau, Gaëtan Mac Grogan, Louis Mauriac, Dionyssios Katsaros, Franck Molina, Charles Theillet, Jean-Marie Darbon
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

The identification of a molecular signature predicting the relapse of tamoxifen-treated primary breast cancers should help the therapeutic management of estrogen receptor-positive cancers.A series of 132 primary tumors from patients who received adjuvant tamoxifen were analyzed for expression profiles at the whole-genome level by 70-mer oligonucleotide microarrays. A supervised analysis was done to identify an expression signature.We defined a 36-gene signature that correctly classified 78% of patients with relapse and 80% of relapse-free patients (79% accuracy). Using 23 independent tumors, we confirmed the accuracy of the signature (78%) whose relevance was further shown by using published microarray data from 60 tamoxifen-treated patients (63% accuracy). Univariate analysis using the validation set of 83 tumors showed that the 36-gene classifier is more efficient in predicting disease-free survival than the traditional histopathologic prognostic factors and is as effective as the Nottingham Prognostic Index or the "Adjuvant!" software. Multivariate analysis showed that the molecular signature is the only independent prognostic factor. A comparison with several already published signatures demonstrated that the 36-gene signature is among the best to classify tumors from both training and validation sets. Kaplan-Meier analyses emphasized its prognostic power both on the whole cohort of patients and on a subgroup with an intermediate risk of recurrence as defined by the St. Gallen criteria.This study identifies a molecular signature specifying a subgroup of patients who do not gain benefits from tamoxifen treatment. These patients may therefore be eligible for alternative endocrine therapies and/or chemotherapy.
Changing Trends in Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation for Leukemia in the 1980s
Authors: M M Bortin, M M Horowitz, R P Gale, A J Barrett, R E Champlin, K A Dicke, E Gluckman, H J Kolb, A M Marmont, M Mrsic
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To identify changes in practice and outcome of bone marrow transplants for leukemia in the 1980s. <h3>Design.</h3> —Comparison of key explanatory and outcome variables in five 2-year cohorts, from 1980 through 1981 to 1988 through 1989, using a large database of detailed clinical information. <h3>Patients.</h3> —Recipients (7788) of bone marrow transplants for acute lymphoblastic, acute myelogenous, or chronic myelogenous leukemia reported to the International Bone Marrow Transplant Registry, Milwaukee, Wis, by 185 transplant teams worldwide. <h3>Results.</h3> —Linear increases occurred during the periods 1980 through 1981 to 1988 through 1989 as follows with 95% confidence intervals: (1) transplants for chronic myelogenous leukemia from 14%±2% to 35%±2%; (2) transplants from unrelated donors from 1%±1% to 7%±1%; (3) preparative regimens without radiation from 3%±1% to 30%±2%; and (4) use of methotrexate plus cyclosporine to prevent graft-vs-host disease from 2%±1% to 55%±2%. Among recipients of human lymphocyte antigen—identical sibling bone marrow, the 2-year probability of treatment-related mortality decreased by 6% to 22%. The probability of relapse decreased from 46%±6% to 38%±6% in intermediate leukemia but did not change appreciably in early or advanced leukemia. Probabilities of leukemia-free survival improved from 51%±4% to 57%±3% in early leukemia, from 28%±4% to 36%±5% in intermediate leukemia, and from 12%±4% to 18%±5% in advanced leukemia. A separate analysis of a homogenous population of patients indicated that improvements in outcome in the 1980s were due to improvements in transplant practice rather than improved patient selection. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Modest increases in leukemia-free survival rates occurred after human lymphocyte antigen—identical sibling bone marrow transplants in the 1980s. Improvements were due primarily to reductions in treatment-related mortality with little or no change in relapse risk. More effective antileukemia strategies and continued reductions in treatment-related toxic effects are needed. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;268:607-612)
High eccentric strength training reduces heart rate variability in healthy older men
Authors: R C Melo, R J Quitério, A C M Takahashi, E Silva, L E B Martins, A M Catai
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2007)

Evaluation of non-pharmacological therapies that improve autonomic control of the heart rate in older subjects has a clinical significance, because reduced heart rate variability (HRV) can be associated with higher cardiovascular morbidity and mortality rates.To investigate if strength training improves cardiac autonomic control in healthy older men.The HRV of nine older healthy men (mean age 62 (2.0) years) was evaluated before and after 12 weeks of isokinetic eccentric strength training (2 days/week, 2-4 sets of 8-12 repetitions at 75-80% peak torque, involving knee flexion and extension. Electrocardiogram was continuously recorded for 15 min at rest, in supine and seated positions, before and after the strength training period. To estimate strength gains, the eccentric peak torque of the dominant leg was measured at 60 degrees /s by the same isokinetic dynamometer.Mean systolic blood pressure decreased (123.78 (8.3) to 117.67 (10.2) mmHg, p<0.05) and peak torque increased (extension 210.02 (38.5) to 252.71 (60.9) N.m; flexion: 117.56 (25.1) to 132.96 (27.3) N.m, p<0.05) after the strength training. The frequency domain indices showed a significant training effect (p<0.05), since low frequency in normalised units and low frequency/high frequency ratio increased (supine, 57 (14) to 68 (14), 1.56 (0.85) to 2.35 (1.48); seated, 65 (15) to 74 (8.0), 2.48 (1.09) to 3.19 (1.31), respectively), and high frequency in normalised units decreased (supine, 43 (14) to 32 (14); seated, 35 (15) to 26 (8)) after the training period.The results of the present investigation suggest that high eccentric strength training performed by healthy older men increases peak torque and reduces systolic blood pressure. However, an autonomic imbalance towards sympathetic modulation predominance was induced by an unknown mechanism.
A Phase I Study of OncoVEXGM-CSF, a Second-Generation Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus Expressing Granulocyte Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor
Authors: Jennifer C.C. Hu, Robert S. Coffin, Ceri J. Davis, Nicola J. Graham, Natasha Groves, Peter J. Guest, Kevin J. Harrington, Nicholas D. James, Colin A. Love, Iain McNeish, Louise C. Medley, Agnieszka Michael, Christopher M. Nutting, Hardev S. Pandha, Claire A. Shorrock, Julie Simpson, Jan Steiner, Neil M. Steven, Dennis Wright, R. Charles Coombes
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Purpose: To conduct a phase I clinical trial with a second-generation oncolytic herpes simplex virus (HSV) expressing granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (Onco VEXGM-CSF) to determine the safety profile of the virus, look for evidence of biological activity, and identify a dosing schedule for later studies. Experimental Design: The virus was administered by intratumoral injection in patients with cutaneous or s.c. deposits of breast, head and neck and gastrointestinal cancers, and malignant melanoma who had failed prior therapy. Thirteen patients were in a single-dose group, where doses of 106, 107, and 108 plaque-forming units (pfu)/mL were tested, and 17 patients were in a multidose group testing a number of dose regimens. Results: The virus was generally well tolerated with local inflammation, erythema, and febrile responses being the main side effects. The local reaction to injection was dose limiting in HSV-seronegative patients at 107 pfu/mL. The multidosing phase thus tested seroconverting HSV-seronegative patients with 106 pfu/mL followed by multiple higher doses (up to 108 pfu/mL), which was well tolerated by all patients. Biological activity (virus replication, local reactions, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor expression, and HSV antigen-associated tumor necrosis), was observed. The duration of local reactions and virus replication suggested that dosing every 2 to 3 weeks was appropriate. Nineteen of 26 patient posttreatment biopsies contained residual tumor of which 14 showed tumor necrosis, which in some cases was extensive, or apoptosis. In all cases, areas of necrosis also strongly stained for HSV. The overall responses to treatment were that three patients had stable disease, six patients had tumors flattened (injected and/or uninjected lesions), and four patients showed inflammation of uninjected as well as the injected tumor, which, in nearly all cases, became inflamed. Conclusions: Onco VEXGM-CSF is well tolerated and can be safely administered using the multidosing protocol described. Evidence of an antitumor effect was seen.
Polyclonal activation of human peripheral blood B lymphocytes by formaldehyde-fixed Salmonella paratyphi B. I. Immunoglobulin production without DNA synthesis.
Authors: W Y Chen, J Muñoz, H H Fudenberg, E Tung, G Virella
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1981)

A "new" polyclonal activator of human peripheral blood B cells, formaldehyde-fixed Salmonella paratyphi B, is described. This bacterium does not stimulate cell proliferation as measured by incorporation of tritiated thymidine but does stimulate a subpopulation of B cells to secrete large amounts of IgM, IgG, and IgA in 7-day cell cultures. The immunoglobulins (Ig) produced by cells responding to S. paratyphi B are not specific antibodies against the bacterial antigens. In comparison with other B cell activators (pokeweed mitogen, Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I, and lipopolysaccharide), S. paratyphi B stimulation produced greater amounts of IgM but less IgG than pokeweed mitogen (PWM) or S. aureus Cowan I; lipopolysaccharide failed to stimulate significant Ig production on day 7 in most cases. In addition, the response to S. paratyphi apparently did not require T cell collaboration. These results suggest that the B cell subpopulation(s) responding to S. paratyphi B may be more differentiated B cells than those responding to either PWM or S. aureus Cowan I. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from five patients with common variable immunodeficiency without evidence of abnormal suppressor T cells or monocytes failed to respond to S. paratyphi B, whereas cells from two of the same patients responded well to S. aureus Cowan I and partially to PWM. Thus, S. paratyphi B appears to be superior to other B cell activators for studies of B cell function in normal and abnormal states.