tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Sulphur Dioxide, Acid Aerosols and Particulates
Journal: Thorax (1993)

Zanen, Rietveld of administration of oxygen and, if needed, corticosteroids.9'°R eports about health hazards of microwave ovens are few."PTFE is also used in non- stick plastic coated frying pans, which are reported to give the same toxic symptoms to both humans and birds after overheating.2Birds should preferably not therefore be kept in the kitchen.1 Wahrheit DB.Interspecies comparisons of lung responses to inhaled particles and gasses.
AG-013736, a novel VEGF receptor and PDGF receptor inhibitor with potent activity against human bladder carcinoma <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo.</i>
Authors: K. Zhu, M. Pino, A. O. Siefker-Radtke, D. Shalinsky, D. Hu-Lowe, D. J. McConkey
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

13109 The receptors for vascular endothelial growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor (VEGFR-2 and PDGFR) play essential and complementary roles in angiogenesis, and combined inhibition of these receptors may therefore result in potent antitumor activity in vivo. Here we characterized the effects of a small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor AG-013736 (Pfizer) in HUVEC and human bladder cancer cells. Previously, AG-013736 was reported to inhibit VEGFRs with picomolar potency and PDGFRs with nanomolar activity. All of the cell lines examined displayed cell surface VEGFR-2 and PDGFR α and β expression as measured by flow cytometry. Low nanomolar concentrations of AG-013736 blocked the HUVEC cell proliferation with inhibition of VEGF receptor 2 and PDGF receptor phosphorylation. AG-013736 caused regression of established subcutaneous human bladder cancer xenografts, effects that were associated with inhibition of VEGFR-2 and PDGFR β phosphorylation but not EGFR phosphorylation and reduction in tumor microvessel densities (MVDs). Our results demonstrate that AG-013736 has substantial anti-angiogenesis activity in preclinical models of human bladder cancer, which warrants further exploration either alone or with the combination of other pre-clinical drugs in bladder cancer treatment. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 17791: Yield of Different Approaches for Screening for Cardiovascular Disease in Asymptomatic Diabetics
Authors: Timothy W Churchill, Carlos H Rassi, Carlos A Fernandes Tavares, Mateus G Fahel, Fabricia P Rassi, Augusto H Uchida, Bernardo L Wajchenberg, Antonio C Lerario, Edward Hulten, Marcio S Bittencourt, Ron Blankstein
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: While diabetes has long been considered a coronary heart disease equivalent, there is increasing evidence to suggest that not all individuals with diabetes have cardiovascular disease, and it is unclear how best to risk stratify this population. We sought to compare the yield of testing for pre-clinical atherosclerosis with various approaches. Methods: A group of 98 asymptomatic subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) without known coronary artery disease (CAD) were enrolled in a prospective study and underwent carotid ultrasound, exercise treadmill testing (ETT), coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring, and coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA). CTA was used as the reference standard for CAD. Results: Of 98 subjects (average age 55±6, 64% female, 22 on insulin, mean A1c 7.3%), 43 (44%) had coronary plaque detectable on CTA, and 38 (39%) had CAC score &gt; 0. By CTA, 16 (16%) had coronary stenosis ≥ 50%, including 3 subjects with CAC=0. Subjects with coronary plaque had greater prevalence of carotid plaque (58% vs. 38%, p=0.01) and greater carotid intima media thickness (0.80±0.20 mm vs. 0.70±0.11mm, p=0.02). However, 18 of the 55 subjects (33%) with normal CTA had carotid plaque. Eight subjects had a positive ETT, of whom 5 had ≥ 50% coronary stenosis and 2 had &lt;50% stenosis, but there was no difference in METS achieved between subjects with and without plaque (8.2 vs. 8.7, p=0.19). Test characteristics of different imaging modalities for prediction of coronary plaque are shown in Figure 1. Conclusion: Among asymptomatic subjects with T2DM, a majority (56%) had no CAD by CTA. CAC was the most accurate screening modality for detection of CAD while ETT and carotid ultrasound had a limited sensitivity. Interestingly, 33% of subjects with normal CTA had carotid plaque. Further studies are needed to better characterize stroke risk in such patients and whether there is a role for screening for carotid plaque in diabetics without CAC or with normal CTA.
Condom use and HIV infection among prostitutes in Zaire [letter]
Authors: J Mann, TC Quinn, P Piot, B Ngali, N Nzilambi, M Kalala, H Francis, RL Colebunders, R Byers, KA Pangu, JW Curran
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

Epidemiological data combined with the finding of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in seminal fluid cervical secretions and blood provide a theoretical basis for the US Public Health Service recommendation that the use of condoms by homosexuals or heterosexuals may offer protection against HIV transmission.  A recent report contained experimental evidence that condoms provide an effective barrier against HIV despite mechanical stresses.  Epidemiologic evidence is reported here that condoms may reduce the risk of HIV acquisition through sexual intercourse.  In late 1985 377 female prostitutes were enrolled in a study of sexual practices and HIV seroprevalence in Kinshasa Zaire (Project SIDA).  Serum samples were considered positive if they were repeatedly reactive on the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and were confirmed as positive on immunoblot examination.  Participants were interviewed by trained Zairian staff and responses were recorded on standardized forms.  Of 376 prostitutes who responded to questions about condom use 88 (23%) reported that at least 1 of their sexual partners during the previous year had used a condom.  Of these women 85 quantified their partners use of condoms.  Seropositivity according to category of condoms use was as follows:  partners not using condoms 26% (74 of 288); fewer than 25% of partners using condoms 35% (19 of 55); 26-49% of partners 32% (7 of 22);50-74% of partners none of 2; and 75% or more of partners none of 6.  There was a significant difference in seropositivity among the 8 women reporting condom use by half or more of their partners (none of 8) as compared with women reporting less frequent use (26 of 77 34%) (p = 0.046 by Fishers exact test).  The 2 groups of women had similar numbers of annual and lifetime sexual partners; no differences were noted in the distribution of other potential risk factors for HIV including types of sexual contact age previous injections or blood transfusions.  Conclusive evidence to support the value of condoms in preventing transmission from infected partner (man to woman woman to man or man to man) will remain difficult to collect and retrospective studies which rely on the participants recall of specific sexual and contraceptive behaviors must be interpreted with caution.  Yet the combination of experimental evidence and the preliminary epidemiologic data supporting the protective potential of condoms along with evidence that they offer protection against other sexually transmitted diseases suggests that the proper use of condoms may help prevent sexual transmission of HIV.
<i>My Jump</i>for vertical jump assessment
Authors: Robert Stanton, Crystal O Kean, Aaron T Scanlan
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2015)

My Jump 

Health and Fitness

iOS 7.0 or later; Optimised for iPhone 5, iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus. Compatible with iPhone, iPad and iPod touch.

$A7.49

Current version is V.2.1 which has iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus support, and iOS8 support. No trial version is available.

Vertical jump is a widely used measure of functional performance in athletic and non-athletic populations.1 My Jump is a low-cost, easy-to-use application which integrates with the video camera to assess vertical jump performance (figure 1). The in-app settings allow slow-motion playback for easy identification of the video frame in which jump take-off and landing occurs. The app determines the number of …
Mean <scp>HbA<sub>1c</sub></scp> and mortality in diabetic individuals with heart failure: a population cohort study
Authors: Douglas H.J. Elder, Jagdeep S.S. Singh, Daniel Levin, Louise A. Donnelly, Anna‐Maria Choy, Jacob George, Allan D. Struthers, Alex S.F. Doney, Chim C. Lang
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2015)

Aims Controversy exists regarding the importance of glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM ) and chronic heart failure ( CHF ) based on conflicting reports using single baseline glycosyated haemoglobin ( HbA 1c ). Using the time‐weighted mean of serial HbA 1c measurements has been found to be a better predictor of diabetic complications as it reflects the glycaemic burden for that individual over time. We therefore sought to confirm this in a large cohort of patients with T2DM and incident CHF . Methods and results A time‐weighted mean HbA 1c was calculated using all HbA 1c measurements following CHF diagnosis. Patients were grouped into five categories of HbA 1c (≤6.0%, 6.1–7.0%, 7.1–8.0%, 8.1–9.0%, and &gt;9.0%). The relationship between time‐weighted mean HbA 1c and all‐cause death after CHF diagnosis was assessed. A total of 1447 patients with T2DM met the study criteria. During a median follow‐up of 2.8 years, there were 826 (57.1%) deaths, with a crude death rate of 155 deaths per 1000 person‐years [95% confidence interval ( CI ) 144–166]. A Cox regression model, adjusted for all significant predictors, with the middle HbA 1c category (7.1–8.0%) as the reference, showed a U‐shaped relationship between HbA 1c and outcome [ HbA 1c &lt;6.0%, hazard ratio ( HR ) 2.5, 95% CI 1.8–3.4; HbA 1c 6.1–7.0%, HR 1.4, 95% 1.1–1.7; HbA 1c 8.1–9.0%, HR 1.3, 95% CI 1.0–1.6; and HbA 1c &gt;9.0%, HR 1.8, 95% CI 1.4–2.3]. Further analysis revealed a protective effect of insulin sensitizers (i.e. metformin) ( HR 0.7, 95% CI 0.61–0.93) but not other drug classes. Conclusions In patients with T2DM and CHF , our study shows a U‐shaped relationship between HbA 1c and mortality, with the lowest risk in patients with modest glycaemic control ( HbA 1c 7.1–8.0%) and those treated with insulin sensitizers.
Safe guidewire-assisted method of over-the-scope clip delivery for bleeding in the small intestine
Authors: Noriko Nishiyama, Hirohito Mori, Hideki Kobara, Shintaro Fujihara, Maki Ayaki, Tatsuo Yachida, Tsutomu Masaki
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

The efficacy of the over-the-scope clip (OTSC; Ovesco Endoscopy GmbH, Tübingen, Germany) for refractory gastrointestinal bleeding has been described in many clinical case reports [1] [2] [3]. However, there are no reports regarding the delivery method of OTSCs in the small intestine. The bear claw on the OTSC may pose a risk of mucosal injury owing to the anatomical features of the small and large intestine. However, it is not only the anatomical characteristics of the small intestine that make successful hemostasis difficult, as delivery of the OTSC itself may also be problematic [4] [5]. We report the first case involving a guidewire-assisted method for the safe delivery of an OTSC in the small intestine.
Achieving Early Landmark Response Is Predictive of Outcomes in Heavily Pretreated Patients with Chronic Phase Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CP-CML) Treated with Ponatinib
Authors: Martin C. Mueller, Michele Baccarani, Michael W. Deininger, Francois Guilhot, Andreas Hochhaus, Timothy P. Hughes, Neil P. Shah, Moshe Talpaz, Stephanie Lustgarten, Victor M. Rivera, Tim Clackson, Frank G. Haluska, Jorge E. Cortes
Journal: Blood (2014)
Imaging More Wisely
Authors: Rebecca Smith-Bindman, Andrew B. Bindman
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Response to Comment on Hermanns et al. The Effect of a Diabetes-Specific Cognitive Behavioral Treatment Program (DIAMOS) for Patients With Diabetes and Subclinical Depression: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial. Diabetes Care 2015;38:551–560
Authors: Norbert Hermanns, Andreas Schmitt, Andre Reimer, Dominic Ehrmann, Thomas Haak, Bernhard Kulzer
Journal: Diabetes Care (2015)

In the comment by Tulu et al. (1), a high proportion of people with diabetes and elevated diabetes-related distress were reported in a Turkish sample. In light of their findings, the authors stressed the importance of intervention concepts, such as the diabetes-specific cognitive behavioral treatment program (DIAMOS) (2) for people with diabetes suffering from diabetes-related distress. In this comment, the relevance of such intervention concepts for addressing elevated diabetes-related distress and subthreshold depression is also emphasized.

The high prevalence of diabetes-related distress in Turkish people with diabetes is in line with findings of the multinational second Diabetes Attitudes, Wishes and Needs …
Long-term survival with paclitaxel and gemcitabine for germ cell tumors after progression following high-dose chemotherapy with tandem transplants.
Authors: B. P. Mulherin, M. J. Brames, L. H. Einhorn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

4562 Background: Germ cell tumor (GCT) patients progressing after high-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) have a dismal prognosis. A prior phase II trial of paclitaxel and gemcitabine enrolled 32 patients. All failed first-line chemotherapy and HDCT (J Clin Oncol 25; 513, 2007). We now present long-term results. Methods: Eligible patients received BEP or similar first-line chemotherapy and HDCT. They were treated with paclitaxel 100mg/m2 and gemcitabine 1,000mg/m2 on days 1, 8, and 15 every 4 weeks for a maximum of 6 cycles. Results: Ten of 32 (31%) had an objective response (4 partial remissions and 6 complete responses). Four patients (12.5% of total) are continuously disease free (NED) for 64, 94, 96, and 103 months. None of these four received subsequent chemotherapy or surgery. They had three, three, three, and five prior therapies, respectively. Longest prior response was five to 24 months. All relapsed with a rising hCG (69 to 138 mU/mL) or AFP (525 to 2000 ng/mL). Conclusions: Paclitaxel and gemcitabine salvage chemotherapy can offer long-term survival and probable cure in relapsed/refractory GCT following HDCT. This is the first example of a nonplatinum curative regimen in patients progressing after HDCT.
Molecular Pathways: Targeting Cancer Stem Cells Awakened by Chemotherapy to Abrogate Tumor Repopulation
Authors: Keith Syson Chan
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

Cytotoxic chemotherapy remains the first-line therapy for many advanced solid tumors; hence, understanding the underlying mechanisms to overcome chemoresistance remains a top research priority. In the clinic, chemotherapy is administered in multiple cycles that are spaced out to allow the recovery or repopulation of normal tissues and tissue stem cells between treatment cycles. However, residual surviving cancer cells and cancer stem cells can also repopulate tumors during the gap periods between chemotherapy cycles. Tumor repopulation is a phenomenon that has not been well studied; it is often overlooked due to current customized experimental study strategies. Recent findings reveal an alarming role for dying cells targeted by chemotherapy in releasing mitogens to stimulate active repopulation of quiescent cancer stem cells. Therefore, new therapeutic options to abrogate tumor repopulation will provide new avenues to improve chemotherapeutic response and clinical outcome.
Osmolar regulation of endothelin-1 production by rat inner medullary collecting duct.
Authors: D E Kohan, E Padilla
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

Recent evidence has implicated endothelin-1 (ET-1) as an autocrine inhibitor of inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) sodium and water transport. The regulators of IMCD ET-1 production are, however, largely unknown. Because of the unique hypertonic environment of the IMCD, the effect of varying extracellular tonicity on IMCD ET-1 production was evaluated. Increasing media osmolality from 300 to 450 mosmol with NaCl or mannitol but not urea caused a marked dose- and time-dependent reduction in ET-1 release by and ET-1 mRNA in cultured rat IMCD cells. In contrast, increasing osmolality had no effect on ET-1 production by rat endothelial or mesangial cells. To see if ET-1 varies in a similar manner in vivo, ET-1 production was assessed in volume expanded (lower medullary tonicity) or volume depleted (high medullary tonicity) rats. Urinary ET-1 excretion and inner medulla ET-1 mRNA were significantly reduced in volume depleted as compared to volume expanded animals. These results indicate that extracellular sodium concentration inhibits ET-1 production specifically in IMCD cells. We speculate that extracellular sodium concentration, via regulation of ET-1 production, provides a link between volume status and IMCD sodium and water reabsorption.
Opicapone as an adjunct to levodopa in patients with Parkinson's disease and end-of-dose motor fluctuations: a randomised, double-blind, controlled trial
Authors: Joaquim J Ferreira, Andrew Lees, José-Francisco Rocha, Werner Poewe, Olivier Rascol, Patrício Soares-da-Silva
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2015)
Distal Embolization After Percutaneous Coronary Interventions
Authors: Prediman K. Shah
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2007)

Atherosclerotic plaques responsible for coronary heart disease are heterogeneous in their composition, containing a variable amount of lipid, scar tissue, calcium, neovessels, inflammatory cells, and thrombotic material ([1][1]). In comparison with lesions found in stable coronary heart disease,
Maximum tolerable doses of intravenous zidovudine in combination with 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin in metastatic colorectal cancer patients
Authors: A Falcone, M Lencioni, I Brunetti, E Pfanner, G Allegrini, A Antonuzzo, M Andreuccetti, G Malvaldi, R Danesi, M Del Tacca, P F Conte
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1997)
Hierarchical nesting of slow oscillations, spindles and ripples in the human hippocampus during sleep
Authors: Bernhard P Staresina, Til Ole Bergmann, Mathilde Bonnefond, Roemer van der Meij, Ole Jensen, Lorena Deuker, Christian E Elger, Nikolai Axmacher, Juergen Fell
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2015)
Effect of active smoking on the bronchial epithelium transcriptome
Authors: Rajagopal Chari, Kim Lonergan, Raymond Ng, Calum MacAulay, Wan Lam, Stephen Lam
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

AACR Annual Meeting-- Apr 14-18, 2007; Los Angeles, CA

4994 

Background: Tobacco smoke exposure is the major cause of lung cancer. Long term heavy smokers retain an elevated lung cancer risk even years after smoking cessation. Former smokers now account for nearly half of the newly diagnosed lung cancer cases. The mechanism for lung cancer development despite smoking cessation is still poorly understood. In this study, using serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE), we compare the transcriptomes of bronchial cells obtained from current, former and never smokers to identify genes whose expression were reversible and irreversible upon smoking cessation.

Objectives: (1) To define the transcriptomes of current, former and never smokers. (2) To identify genes which are dysregulated with active smoking. (3) To identify changes that are irreversible upon smoking cessation.

DESIGN, MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four bronchial epithelial specimens from the peripheral airways obtained during fluorescence bronchoscopy were profiled using SAGE. This sample set was comprised of 8 current smokers, 12 former smokers and 4 never smokers. Transcriptomes for current, former and never smokers were defined using a tag count of ≥2 across all libraries in each set. Genes differentially expressed were identified using the Mann Whitney U test. Select genes were validated in a secondary cohort of 9 current smokers, 7 former smokers and 6 never smokers using quantitative RT-PCR.

Results: 3,111,471 SAGE sequence tags representing over 110,000 potentially unique transcripts were generated, representing one of the largest human SAGE studies to date. We identified 1733 genes to be constitutively expressed in current, former and never smoker transcriptomes. Reversible gene expression changes upon smoking cessation were identified, mainly falling into xenobiotic / nucleotide metabolism and muco-ciliary response and clearance. Significantly, altered expression of calcium binding tyrosine-(Y)-phosphorylation regulated (CABYR) and ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 8 (ENTPD8) is reversible upon smoking cessation, neither of which have previously been shown to be expressed in the bronchial epithelium. Conversely, glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3B) , mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) demonstrated irreversible expression changes upon smoking cessation. All of these gene expression profiles were validated in a second cohort of samples.

Conclusions: Irreversible changes in expression of genes associated with inflammatory pathways and DNA repair may account for substantial DNA damage, and increased susceptibility to lung cancer despite smoking cessation. This work was supported by Genome BC / Genome Canada.
Leptin Stimulates the Proliferation of Murine Myelocytic and Primitive Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells
Authors: Yumi Umemoto, Kohichiro Tsuji, Feng-Chun Yang, Yasuhiro Ebihara, Azusa Kaneko, Susumu Furukawa, Tatsutoshi Nakahata
Journal: Blood (1997)
Erratum: Corrigendum: Signaling by Fyn-ADAP via the Carma1–Bcl-10–MAP3K7 signalosome exclusively regulates inflammatory cytokine production in NK cells
Authors: Kamalakannan Rajasekaran, Pawan Kumar, Kristina M Schuldt, Erik J Peterson, Bart Vanhaesebroeck, Vishva Dixit, Monica S Thakar, Subramaniam Malarkannan
Journal: Nature Immunology (2014)