tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Final results of NCCTG N0489: Epratuzumab and rituximab in combination with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone chemotherapy (ER-CHOP) in patients with previously untreated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: I. N. Micallef, M. J. Maurer, D. A. Nikcevich, M. W. Cannon, E. W. Schaefer, D. F. Moore, P. Kurtin, T. E. Witzig
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

8508 Background: A prior pilot study of epratuzumab (Immunomedics) and rituximab in combination with CHOP chemotherapy (ER-CHOP) in untreated patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma demonstrated feasibility and safety. This multicenter NCCTG phase II study was carried out to assess efficacy. Methods: Patients received immunochemotherapy on the following schedule: epratuzumab 360 mg/m 2 , rituximab 375 mg/m 2 , and standard dose CHOP every 3 weeks for 6 cycles. Weekly blood counts were obtained to monitor hematological toxicity. Primary endpoint was 12 month event free survival (EFS12). Secondary endpoints were response rate, progression free survival, functional CR (PET negative) and toxicity. Results: 107 patients were accrued from Feb 2006 to Aug 2007. 29 patients were ineligible resulting in 78 eligible patients. Baseline patient characteristics for the eligible patients included median age 61 (range 21–82); 59% were male. 81% had advanced stage; IPI was 0–1 in 17 pts (22%), 2 in 22 pts (28%), 3 in 29 pts (37%) and 4–5 in 10 pts (13%). Based on the revised IPI (R-IPI) 50% were poor/high risk (IPI 3–5). 71% had an elevated LDH. Performance score was 0–1 in 69 pts and 2–3 in 9 pts. The ORR was 95% (CR/CRu: 73%). For the low risk IPI (0–2), ORR was 95% (CR/CRu: 74%) and for the high risk IPI (3–5), ORR was 95% (CR/CRu: 72%). The EFS at 12 months was 80%. The 12 month progression free survival (PFS12) and overall survival (OS12) is 82% and 88% respectively. EFS12, PFS12 and OS12 by IPI risk category is shown ( Table ). Conclusions: ER-CHOP every 21 days is feasible and safe. The ORR, EFS and PFS compare favorably to studies using R-CHOP especially in the high-intermediate and high risk IPI subgroups. A randomized phase III trial of R-CHOP vs ER-CHOP is needed to prove that dual antibody targeting in combination with CHOP is better. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
DNA methylation dynamics during B cell maturation underlie a continuum of disease phenotypes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Christopher C Oakes, Marc Seifert, Yassen Assenov, Lei Gu, Martina Przekopowitz, Amy S Ruppert, Qi Wang, Charles D Imbusch, Andrius Serva, Sandra D Koser, David Brocks, Daniel B Lipka, Olga Bogatyrova, Dieter Weichenhan, Benedikt Brors, Laura Rassenti, Thomas J Kipps, Daniel Mertens, Marc Zapatka, Peter Lichter, Hartmut Döhner, Ralf Küppers, Thorsten Zenz, Stephan Stilgenbauer, John C Byrd, Christoph Plass
Journal: Nature Genetics (2016)
Macroscopic versus microscopic vascular tumour invasion in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma: Does it make a difference?
Authors: R. Zigeuner, G. Hutterer, T. Chromecki, P. Rehak, K. Pummer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

5093 Background: We evaluated the prognostic impact of macroscopic vs. microscopic vascular invasion on metastasis-free survival in a large European single centre series of patients with RCC over a period of 23 years. Methods: The pathology reports of 2333 consecutive patients operated between 01/1984 and 12/2006 were re-evaluated with regard to histological subtype, pT categories (TNM 2002), tumor grade, lymph node status, tumor size, presence of necrosis, and vascular invasion (defined as either absent, microscopic, or macroscopic). Only patients with unilateral clear cell (CC)-RCC and no distant metastases at operation were included. Metastasis-free survival probabilities for patients with absent, microscopic, or macroscopic invasion were evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test. For multivariate analysis, a Cox's proportional hazards model was used. Results: Out of 1797 CC-RCC-patients fulfilling the selection criteria, 1754 (97.6%) with complete data including follow-up were evaluated. Microscopic and macroscopic invasion was noted in 99 (5.6%) and 278 (15.8%) tumours, respectively. After a mean follow-up of 95 months, 375/1754 (21.4%) patients developed distant metastases. 10-year metastasis-free survival probabilities were 84%, 55%, and 42% in patients with absent, microscopic, and macroscopic invasion (p &lt; 0.0001 overall; p = 0.13 for microscopic vs. macroscopic). Multivariate analysis proved pT-categories, grade, node status, size, necrosis and overall vascular invasion (p &lt; 0.0001; RR = 2.09, 95%CI = 1.46–2.98) as independent predictors of metastatic disease. When microscopic and macroscopic invasion were differentiated, microscopic invasion remained significant (p &lt; 0.0001; RR = 2.19, 95%CI = 1.54–3.12) whereas macroscopic invasion was not an independent predictor. Conclusions: Our data indicate that both macroscopic and microscopic vascular invasions are associated with poor outcome. Microscopic invasion was an independent predictor of metastatic disease, whereas macroscopic invasion which is directly related to categories pT3b/c was not. Vascular invasion should be considered in prognostic models for patients with RCC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 14040: Subcutaneous Nerve Activity and Spontaneous Ventricular Arrhythmias in Ambulatory Dogs
Authors: Anisiia Doytchinova, Jheel Patel, Shengmei Zhou, Lan S Chen, Shien-Fong Lin, Peng-Sheng Chen
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Increased sympathetic nerve activity is a trigger of cardiac arrhythmias. We hypothesize that it is feasible to record sympathetic nerve activity subcutaneously in ambulatory dogs, and ...
Methylglyoxal-bis(guanylhydrazone) in hormone-resistant adenocarcinoma of the prostate.
Authors: H I Scher, A Yagoda, T Ahmed, R C Watson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1985)

Methylglyoxal-bis(guanylhydrazone) (MGBG), an inhibitor of polyamine synthesis, was administered to 35 patients with hormone-resistant advanced adenocarcinoma of the prostate in doses of 500 or 600 mg/m2 per week intravenously. Of 31 patients with bidimensional measurable soft-tissue lesions, 25 had an adequate trial, defined as four or more doses. Six (24%; 95% confidence limits, 8% to 32%) patients achieved a partial remission (greater than or equal to 50% reduction in tumor size) in soft-tissue disease. Response was noted to start after one to two doses and persisted for a median of three months (range, 1 to 4 months). Toxicity was tolerable, and significant myelosuppression was not observed. The lack of response in osseous metastases may be secondary to the short duration of remission or to the presence or inducibility of the enzyme ornithine decarboxylase in bone. Since some animal prostatic cancer tumor models are sensitive to cytotoxic drugs that produce polyamine inhibition, clinical trials of MGBG combined with other inhibitors of the polyamine pathway should be explored.
A randomized prospective study of cisplatin and vinblastine versus cisplatin, vinblastine and mitomycin in advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: N. Mylonkis, N. Tsavaris, C. Bacoyiannis, N. Karvounis, S. Kakolyris, A. Karabelis, P. Kosmidis, M. Beer
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1992)
Pilot study assessing distressors affecting patients with cancer using the distress screening tool.
Authors: Antoine Nafez Finianos, Jeanny B. Aragon-Ching, Ehab El Bahesh, Richard Amdur, Jenifer Bires, Hiwot Guebre-Xabiher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

68 Background: Distress is a non-stigmatic description of emotional, physical, spiritual or psychiatric stressors experienced by patients (pts) diagnosed with cancer. We sought to determine the prevalence of distress in different cancer population of pts seen in our cancer center as they are commencing chemotherapy. Methods: We retrospectively examined data using the Distress Thermometer (DT) based on the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) and assessed a single encounter on 240 consecutive patients undergoing their first chemotherapy session. Univariate associations were examined between specific problems and overall distress levels with a 2-tailed between-group t-test. Problem area scores were computed for each subject by taking the mean number of problems rated positive within each area, and associations between each problem area score and distress was examined using Spearman correlations. Results: Among the 240 patients in the sample, mean age was 60 ± 14, 61% were female, and 82% had solid tumors. The overall mean distress, based on the DT reading, was 3.6 ± 3.0. Specific problems reported by the largest number of patients included worry (n = 85), nervousness (n = 79), fatigue (n = 70), sleep (n = 66), and fears (n = 57). Of these, all but fatigue were significantly associated with global distress in univariate analysis. When mean problems per area were calculated, and correlated with global distress, each problem area (practical, emotional, family, physical) had a significant univariate association with global distress, with emotional problems having the highest correlation (r = .52, p &lt; .0001). The only predictors with significant independent associations to predict global distress in the general linear model were emotional problems (p = .0001) and family problems (p = .0062), independent of age, sex and tumor types. Conclusions: In cancer patients undergoing distress screening as they receive their first chemotherapy, emotional and family problems appear to have the highest correlation with distress. Improvement of supportive care services geared towards the betterment of these symptoms is of paramount importance in improving outcomes.
Prediction of adolescent suicide: a population model
Authors: P C Holinger, D Offer
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1982)

Suicide rates among adolescents (15--19-year-olds) in the United States are currently higher than ever recorded. The authors examined the relationship between suicide rates and population changes among adolescents. They found significant positive correlations between adolescent suicide rates, changes in the adolescent population, and changes in the proportion of adolescents in the population of the United States in 1933--1975. In contrast, the suicide rate of an older age group (65--69-year-olds) was inversely, but not significantly, related to shifts in that population. These results suggest that the suicide rates for the adolescent age group can be predicted, a finding which may have important public health consequences.
Prophylactic plasma transfusion for surgical patients with abnormal preoperative coagulation tests: a single-institution propensity-adjusted cohort study
Authors: Qing Jia, Michael J Brown, Leanne Clifford, Gregory A Wilson, Mark J Truty, James R Stubbs, Darrell R Schroeder, Andrew C Hanson, Ognjen Gajic, Daryl J Kor
Journal: The Lancet Haematology (2016)
Gelatin Microspheres as Vehicle for Cardiac Progenitor Cells Delivery to the Myocardium
Authors: Dries A. M. Feyen, Roberto Gaetani, Janine Deddens, Danielle van Keulen, Chantal van Opbergen, Michelle Poldervaart, Jacqueline Alblas, Steven Chamuleau, Linda W. van Laake, Pieter A. Doevendans, Joost P. G. Sluijter
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2016)

Inadequate cell retention and survival in cardiac stem cell therapy seems to be reducing the therapeutic effect of the injected stem cells. In order to ameliorate their regenerative effects, various biomaterials are being investigated for their potential supportive properties. Here, gelatin microspheres (MS) are utilized as microcarriers to improve the delivery and therapeutic efficacy of cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) in the ischemic myocardium. The gelatin MS, generated from a water‐in‐oil emulsion, are able to accommodate the attachment of CPCs, thereby maintaining their cardiogenic potential. In a mouse model of myocardial infarction, we demonstrated the ability of these microcarriers to substantially enhance cell engraftment in the myocardium as indicated by bioluminescent imaging and histological analysis. However, despite an observed tenfold increase in CPC numbers in the myocardium, echocardiography, and histology reveals that mice treated with MS‐CPCs show marginal improvement in cardiac function compared to CPCs only. Overall, a straightforward and translational approach is developed to increase the retention of stem cells in the ischemic myocardium. Even though the current biomaterial setup with CPCs as cell source does not translate into improved therapeutic action, coupling this developed technology with stem cell‐derived cardiomyocytes can lead to an effective remuscularization therapy.
A benchmark for comparison of dental radiography analysis algorithms
Authors: Ching-Wei Wang, Cheng-Ta Huang, Jia-Hong Lee, Chung-Hsing Li, Sheng-Wei Chang, Ming-Jhih Siao, Tat-Ming Lai, Bulat Ibragimov, Tomaž Vrtovec, Olaf Ronneberger, Philipp Fischer, Tim F. Cootes, Claudia Lindner
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2016)

Dental radiography plays an important role in clinical diagnosis, treatment and surgery. In recent years, efforts have been made on developing computerized dental X-ray image analysis systems for clinical usages. A novel framework for objective evaluation of automatic dental radiography analysis algorithms has been established under the auspices of the IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging 2015 Bitewing Radiography Caries Detection Challenge and Cephalometric X-ray Image Analysis Challenge. In this article, we present the datasets, methods and results of the challenge and lay down the principles for future uses of this benchmark. The main contributions of the challenge include the creation of the dental anatomy data repository of bitewing radiographs, the creation of the anatomical abnormality classification data repository of cephalometric radiographs, and the definition of objective quantitative evaluation for comparison and ranking of the algorithms. With this benchmark, seven automatic methods for analysing cephalometric X-ray image and two automatic methods for detecting bitewing radiography caries have been compared, and detailed quantitative evaluation results are presented in this paper. Based on the quantitative evaluation results, we believe automatic dental radiography analysis is still a challenging and unsolved problem. The datasets and the evaluation software will be made available to the research community, further encouraging future developments in this field. (http://www-o.ntust.edu.tw/~cweiwang/ISBI2015/)
Pharmacogenomic prediction of response in advanced gastric cancer (AGC) patients receiving 5-Fluorouracil (FU)/leucovorin (LV)/oxaliplatin (OX) as first-line palliative chemotherapy
Authors: B. Keam, B. Keam, S. W. Han, H. S. Ham, D. W. Kim, S. A. Im, T. Y. Kim, S. S. Yoon, D. S. Heo, Y. J. Bang, N. K. Kim
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

3060 Background: FU/LV/OX combination chemotherapy is one of the effective palliative chemotherapeutic regimens against AGC. However, its predictive marker of response in AGC has not been elucidated. We have investigated germline genetic polymorphisms of genes associated with target of FU and metabolism of OX as predictive markers of response. Methods: Metastatic or relapsed AGC patients received 2 hour infusions of OX (100mg/m2) and LV (100mg/m2) followed by a 46 hour infusion of FU (2400mg/m2) repeated every 2 weeks as a first-line palliative chemotherapy. Genetic polymorphism was determined by PCR based RFLP using DNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Polymorphisms investigated include TS (TSER, 6bp in 3′UTR), ERCC1 (118C/T, C8092A), GSTP1 Ile105Val, and XPD (Lys751Gln, Asp312Asn, 156C/A). Response rate (RR), time-to-progression (TTP), and overall survival (OS) were analyzed according to each genotype. Results: From March 2003 to October 2004, 38 patients were evaluable for response and genotype. RR was 42.1% (95% CI 26.4–57.8), and median TTP and OS were 4.6 months (m) (95% CI 2.3–6.9) and 12.5 m (95% CI 9.9–15.1), respectively. RRs were higher in patients with three 28-bp repeat homozygote in TSER (3R/3R) (56.0% vs.15.4% in 2R/3R or 2R/2R, p=0.036), 6-bp deletion homozygote (−/−) in TS 3’UTR (61.9% vs. 17.6% in +/− or +/+, p=0.009), and AA in XPD156 (66.7% vs. 30.8% in CC or CA, p=0.075). In multivariate analysis, TS 3’UTR (−/−) (OR 10.2, 95% CI 1.75–59.0) and XPD156 AA (OR 6.6, 95% CI 1.1–39.4) were independent predictive markers of response. Only AA in XPD156 was significantly associated with prolonged TTP (7.7 m vs. 3.7 m in CC or CA, p=0.043). None of the markers tested were significantly associated with OS. Conclusions: Germline genetic polymorphisms of TS and XPD may effectively predict response to FU/LV/OX in AGC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Assessing breast cancer risk in primary care: What can we learn from cardiovascular disease?
Authors: Kelly-Anne Phillips, Louise A. Keogh, Emma Steel, Ian M. Collins, Jon Emery, Marie Pirotta, Bruce Mann, Phyllis Butow, Alison Trainer, Jane Moreton, Antonis C. Antoniou, Jack M. Cuzick, John L. Hopper
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

1559 Background: Routine assessment of breast cancer (BC) risk by primary care clinicians (PCCs) might improve uptake of BC prevention and screening interventions, thus reducing morbidity and mortality as has occurred for cardiovascular (CV) disease. Methods: Australian PCCs were recruited through local professional networks. Facilitated focus group discussions about current practice of assessing and managing BC risk were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim and managed using QSR NVivo qualitative data management software. A coding framework was developed based on the transcripts, data were coded and each code further analyzed to identify key themes. Results: 17 PCCs (12 doctors, 5 practice nurses) participated in 2 focus groups. 41% were male, median age 49 years, median number of years in practice was 15. Approaches to assessment and management of BC risk differed markedly from that of CV risk. PCCs see assessment and management of CV risk as an intrinsic, expected part of their role. Practice software prompts trigger CV risk assessment and PCCs often use an online tool (www.knowyournumbers.co.nz) to provide personalized risk estimates and to discuss management options for CV risk. Conversely, assessment of BC risk is not routine or prompted by practice software, is generally patient (not clinician) initiated, and management, beyond routine BC screening (e.g. chemoprevention), is considered outside the PCCs domain. Most PCCs are not familiar with, or using, BC risk assessment tools. PCCs suggested they could potentially routinely assess and manage BC risk. Such an approach would need to be widely endorsed as within the remit of primary care and would be enhanced by an online tool that is accessible, quick, visual (graphs and pictograms), evidence-based and regularly updated. Ideally, its use would be prompted by their practice software. Conclusions: There is a clear opportunity in primary care to enhance the capacity and motivation of clinicians to assess and manage BC risk. A risk assessment and decision aid tool, integrated into primary care software, might facilitate routine appropriate management of BC risk in the Australian primary care setting, modelling what has already been achieved for CV disease.
Antineutrophil-cytoplasmic antibodies and antiglomerular basement membrane antibodies in Goodpasture's syndrome and in Wegener's granulomatosis.
Authors: M F Weber, K Andrassy, O Pullig, J Koderisch, K Netzer
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1992)

Antiglomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) diseases-including Goodpasture's (GP) syndrome-and Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) are systemic diseases, which may be diagnosed by means of circulating autoantibodies. Possible overlap syndromes may exist; however, they remain imperfectly defined. We analyzed sera from 31 patients with WG and from 23 patients with anti-GBM disease. All underwent biopsy. Anti-cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) were demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF); a perinuclear (P-ANCA) or diffuse-cytoplasmic (C-ANCA) staining was discerned. In addition, myeloperoxidase (MPO) antibodies (P-ANCA) and protein 3 (SP3) antibodies (C-ANCA) were analyzed by specific ELISA systems. Anti-GBM antibodies (anti-NC1 antibodies) were detected by ELISA and immunoblotting; the globular domain NC1 of collagen IV was employed as antigen. All 31 WG patients, as defined by clinical and histological criteria, showed ANCA by IIF. Twenty-nine of 31 showed a C-ANCA pattern; all were also positive for SP3 antibodies by ELISA. Three of 31 WG patients were P-ANCA positive by IIF and also had anti-MPO antibodies by ELISA. In one of these patients, SP3 antibodies were additionally found by IIF and by ELISA (double positive). No patient with WG had anti-NC1 antibodies. All 23 serum samples from patients with GP syndrome (N = 19) or anti-GBM glomerulonephritis (N = 4) had anti-NC1 antibodies. In seven of these patients, low titers of anti-MPO antibodies were detected by ELISA; however, the IIF for ANCA was negative. None of these seven patients had extraglomerular vasculities. In addition, the clinical prognosis of these patients was similar to that of those patients who lacked these antibodies.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Ethics of Placebo-Controlled Trials of Zidovudine to Prevent the Perinatal Transmission of HIV in the Third World
Authors: R J Simonds, M F Rogers, T J Dondero
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

This letter responds to an article claiming that placebo-controlled trials of antiretroviral agents to reduce perinatal transmission of HIV in developing countries are unethical.  In his capacity as executive director of the WHO Global Program on AIDS the author convened a 1994 meeting where 28 experts made decisions about application of the results of AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) Study 076 in developing countries.  At that time data from the 12-week subgroup analysis of ACTG Study 076 and on the pharmacokinetics of zidovudine were not yet available.  The meeting resulted in a unanimous recommendation that 2-to-3-week regimens be evaluated through a placebo-controlled design.  This was decided because there was no information on the efficacy of zidovudine in a breast feeding population there was no information on drug tolerance among women suffering high rates of anemia accurate efficacy data were needed to justify expenditures on drugs and the placebo-controlled design required only a small sample size to provide information necessary to maximize the number of newborns saved.  Cost and logistical constraints preclude adoption of the ACTG 076 regimen in developing countries.
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Inhibits the Development of Dendritic Cells and Dramatically Affects the Differentiation of Multiple Hematopoietic Lineages In Vivo
Authors: Dmitry Gabrilovich, Tadao Ishida, Tsunehiro Oyama, Sophia Ran, Vladimir Kravtsov, Sorena Nadaf, David P. Carbone
Journal: Blood (1998)