tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS OF THE ANKLE IN THE ADULT
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Age, distance from a hospital, and level of deprivation are influential factors
Authors: V. Chishty, C. Packer
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDITOR,—In his editorial on the increase in emergency admissions Richard Hobbs mentions the wide variation in general practitioners' referral patterns.1 He does not, however, consider the impact of the distance from a district general hospital on these referrals, the level of deprivation, or the age …
Abstract 18429: Transmembrane Protein 88: A Wnt Regulatory Protein That Specifies Cardiomyocyte Development
Authors: Nathan Palpant, Lil Pabon, Jeremy Rabinowitz, Brandon Hadland, Cristi Stoick-Cooper, Sharon Paige, Irwin Bernstein, Randall Moon, Charles Murry
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Genetic regulation of the cell fate transition from lateral plate mesoderm to the specification of cardiomyocytes requires suppression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, but the mechanism for this is not well understood. By analyzing gene expression and chromatin dynamics during directed differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), we identified a suppressor of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, transmembrane protein 88 (TMEM88), as a potential regulator of cardiovascular progenitor cell (CVP) specification. During the transition from mesoderm to the CVP, TMEM88 has a chromatin signature of genes that mediate cell fate decisions, and its expression is highly up-regulated in advance of key cardiac transcription factors in vitro and in vivo. In early zebrafish embryos tmem88a is expressed broadly in the lateral plate mesoderm including the bilateral heart fields, and morpholino-mediated reduction in its expression yields small hearts with defective looping. Short hairpin RNA targeting of TMEM88 during hESC cardiac differentiation increases Wnt/β-catenin signaling, confirming its role as a suppressor of this pathway. TMEM88 knockdown has no effect on Nkx2.5 or GATA4 expression, but 80% of genes most highly induced during CVP development have reduced expression, suggesting adoption of a new cell fate. In support of this, analysis of later stage cell differentiation showed that TMEM88 knockdown inhibits cardiomyocyte differentiation and promotes endothelial differentiation. Taken together, TMEM88 is critical for heart development and acts downstream of GATA factors in the pre-cardiac mesoderm to specify lineage commitment of cardiomyocyte development through inhibition of Wnt/ß-catenin signaling.
Abstract 18698: Poor Quality of Life Impacts Successful Adoption and Completion of a Behavioral Weight Management Program for Overweight and Obese Patients With Heart Failure
Authors: Lorraine Evangelista, Marjan Motie
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Clinical trials involving behavioral interventions for weight management in obese persons are often compromised by moderate levels of attrition. Previous studies have shown pretreatment variables (e.g. initial body weight, quality of life [QOL]) to be significantly related with successful completion of a behavioral weight management program, but is poorly understood in heart failure (HF) patients. Objectives: To assess personal and psychosocial differences between successful - defined as ability to complete a 3-month behavioral weight loss program - and unsuccessful participants in a RCT examining the effects of a high protein vs. standard protein diet on adiposity; and 2) identity predictors of program completion. Methods: Demographic and psychosocial assessments inclduing the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Survey (higher score, worse QOL) were completed at baseline and 3 months. Comparisons were made between participants who completed the 3 month weight management program (n = 34) and participants who did not (n = 15). Results: Thirty four (70%) of the 49 participants - mean age 59.1 ± 9.8; weight 248.8 ± 29.7 lbs.; VO 2 max 12.5 ± 3.7 mg/kg/ml; 55% White; 20% Hispanics; 16% Blacks; 8% Asians - completed the weight management program. There were no age or gender differences between the two groups; Whites were less likely to complete the intervention compared to their counterparts (p = 0.47). There were statistically significant differences in QOL scores between completers and non-completers; overall QOL 40.8 ± 20.3 vs. 58.7 ± 24.2, p = 0.010; physical QOL 16.4 ± 9.3 vs. 24.7 ± 10.4, p = 0.008; emotional QOL 9.1 ± 7.0 vs. 14.5 ± 7.5, p = 0.020. After controlling for age, gender, race, initial weight, and functional status, QOL explained an additional 19% of the variance in successful completion of the weight management program. Conclusion: Personal and psychosocial variables may be useful as pretreatment predictors of success level and/or attrition in obese patients who participate in a RCT to test the effects of a behavioral weight management program. These factors can be used in developing readiness profiles for weight management, a potentially vital tool to address the issue of low success/completion rates in behavioral management of obesity.
Evaluation of the genetic component of early-onset prostate cancer.
Authors: K. A. Cooney, C. A. Salinas, A. M. Ray, Y. Wang, E. M. Lange, K. A. Zuhlke
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

4502 Background: Large genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with prostate cancer (PCa) risk in case-control populations of European ancestry. As historical studies in other cancers have shown, men diagnosed with early onset (EO) cancer tend to reflect a stronger underlying genetic etiology. While existing GWAS's have provided insight into the association of genetic markers with PCa, the number of EO cases examined has been relatively limited. Therefore, we set out to evaluate the association between PCa and diagnosis < 56 yrs. (mean 49.8 ± 3.9) in the University of Michigan Prostate Cancer Genetics Project (PCGP) and SNPs previously implicated in PCa. Methods: Fourteen SNPs [rs2660753 (3p12), rs9364554 (6q25), rs10486567 (7p15), rs6465657 (7q21), rs6983267 (8q24), rs1447295 (8q24), rs1571801 (9q33), rs10993994 (10q11), rs4962416 (10q26), rs7931342 (11q13), rs4430796 (17q12), rs1859962 (17q24.3), rs2735839 (19q13), rs5945619 (Xp11)] from 754 unrelated EO PCGP Caucasian cases were compared to data from 2,713 Caucasian Illumina controls (iControls) and 1,163 CGEMS cases diagnosed at ≥ 56 yrs. Results: 41% of PCGP cases had ≥ 1 first-degree relative with PCa and 30% were classified as having aggressive disease. We found confirmatory evidence (p < 0.05) of an association for 13 of 14 SNPs with EO PCa. Consistent with prior reports, no association was detected with rs2660753. Notably, the frequency of the risk allele for 11 SNPs was greater in EO cases than in CGEMS cases, with statistically significant differences for 4 SNPs. Overall, the mean cumulative number of risk alleles across 13 associated SNPs in PCGP men with EO PCa (n=12.44 ± 2.35) was significantly greater than in the iControls (n=11.16 ± 2.33; p = 1.6 × 10-36) or CGEMS cases (n=11.92 ± 2.28, p = 1.8 × 10-6). Conclusions: In this study, men diagnosed with EO PCa carried more genetic risk alleles compared to either a control population or men diagnosed with PCa at ≥ 56 yrs. These results demonstrate the potential for identifying PCa-associated variants when focusing on a sub-group of patients with EO disease. A full GWAS is in progress to investigate novel genetic variants specifically associated with EO prostate cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Reduced Blood Coagulation on Roll‐to‐Roll, Shrink‐Induced Superhydrophobic Plastics
Authors: Jolie M. Nokes, Ralph Liedert, Monica Y. Kim, Ali Siddiqui, Michael Chu, Eugene K. Lee, Michelle Khine
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2016)

The unique antiwetting properties of superhydrophobic (SH) surfaces prevent the adhesion of water and bodily fluids, including blood, urine, and saliva. While typical manufacturable approaches to create SH surfaces rely on chemical and structural modifications, such approaches are expensive, require postprocessing, and are often not biocompatible. By contrast, it is demonstrated that purely structural SH features are easily formed using high throughput roll‐to‐roll (R2R) manufacturing by shrinking a prestressed thermoplastic with a thin, stiff layer of silver and calcium. These features are subsequently embossed into any commercially available and Food and Drug Administration (FDA)‐approved plastic. The R2R SH surfaces have contact angles &gt;150° and contact angle hysteresis &lt;10°. Importantly, the surfaces minimize blood adhesion, leading to reduced blood coagulation without the need for anticoagulants. SH surfaces have &gt;4200× reduction of blood residue area compared to the nonstructured controls of the same material. In addition, blood clotting is reduced &gt;5× using whole blood directly from the patient. Furthermore, these surfaces can be easily configured into 3D shapes, as demonstrated with SH tubes. With the simple scale‐up production and the eliminated need for anticoagulants to prevent clotting, the proposed conformable SH surfaces can be impactful for a wide range of medical tools, including catheters and microfluidic channels.
Long-term outcome of patients with POEMS syndrome: An update of the Mayo Clinic experience
Authors: Taxiarchis V. Kourelis, Francis K. Buadi, Shaji K. Kumar, Morie A. Gertz, Martha Q. Lacy, David Dingli, Ronald S. Go, Prashant Kapoor, John A. Lust, Suzanne R. Hayman, Yi Hwa, S. Vincent Rajkumar, Steven R. Zeldenrust, Stephen J. Russell, Yi Lin, Nelson Leung, Robert A. Kyle, Wilson I. Gonsalves, Angela Dispenzieri
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2016)

Over the past decade, a number of changes have occurred in the diagnostic evaluation, management, and long-term follow-up of patients with POEMS syndrome at our institution. This study included 291 patients with POEMS syndrome diagnosed at the Mayo Clinic between 1974 and 2014. Patients diagnosed after 2003 had more features of the syndrome identified at diagnosis and were more likely to receive an autologous transplant (49% versus 8%, P < 0.0001) and to have achieved a hematologic complete response (CR) to treatment (41% vs 25%, P < 0.0001). With 2273 person-years of follow-up, 10-year overall survival (OS) was 62% (95% C.I., 56%, 67%). On multivariate analysis, the three factors associated with superior OS were younger age (RR 0.98 [0.96-1.00]), albumin greater-than 3.2 g/dL (RR 0.5 [0.32-0.89]) and attainment of complete hematologic response (RR 0.4 [0.2, 0.9]). This study confirms the very good long-term outcomes of patients with POEMS syndrome and identifies two new prognostic risk factors: albumin at diagnosis and attainment of complete hematologic response. Am. J. Hematol. 91:585-589, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The role of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases
Authors: Qingjie Chen, Xiaofeng Guan, Xiaocong Zuo, Jianglin Wang, Wenjun Yin
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2016)

High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein that can bind to DNA and act as a co-factor for gene transcription. When released into extracellular fluid, it plays a proinflammatory role by acting as a damage-associated molecular pattern molecule (DAMP) (also known as an alarmin) to initiate innate immune responses by activating multiple cell surface receptors such as the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) and toll-like receptors (TLRs), TLR2, TLR4 or TLR9. This proinflammatory role is now considered to be important in the pathogenesis of a wide range of kidney diseases whether they result from hemodynamic changes, renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis, kidney tissue fibrosis or inflammation. This review summarizes our current understanding of the role of HMGB1 in kidney diseases and how the HMGB1-mediated signaling pathway may constitute a new strategy for the treatment of kidney diseases.
Revision to CDC’s Zika Travel Notices: Minimal Likelihood for Mosquito-Borne Zika Virus Transmission at Elevations Above 2,000 Meters
Authors: Martin Cetron
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2016)

Since May 2015, when Zika virus, a flavivirus transmitted primarily by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, was reported in Brazil, the virus has rapidly spread across the Region of the Americas and the Caribbean. The association between maternal Zika virus infection and adverse fetal and reproductive outcomes, including microcephaly, prompted CDC to issue a Level 2 alert travel notice* for the 37 countries and U.S. territories (at the national and territorial level) that have reported recent Zika virus transmission as of March 11, 2016. In addition to mosquito bite precautions for all travelers, CDC advises that pregnant women postpone travel to affected countries and U.S. territories. Within a nation's borders, ecologic characteristics, which determine the distribution of mosquito vectors, can vary considerably. CDC conducted a spatial analysis, focusing on the probability of occurrence of Ae. aegypti, to support the demarcation for subnational travel alerts. Based on results of this analysis, travel that is limited to elevations higher than 2,000 m (6,562 ft) above sea level is considered to have minimal (approximately 1%) likelihood for mosquito-borne Zika virus transmission, even within countries reporting active transmission. Women who are pregnant should avoid travel to elevations <2,000 m in countries with active Zika virus transmission.
Abstract 18734: KLF4 Regulates Aortic Aneurysm Morphology and Deletion Attenuates Aortic Aneurysm Formation
Authors: Morgan Salmon, William F Johnston, Gang Su, Gilbert R Upchurch, Gary K Owens, Gorav Ailawadi
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Objective: Kruppel-like Factor 4 (KLF4) is known to play a role in inducing phenotypic modulation of smooth muscle cells (SMC) following ischemia reperfusion injury and in atherosclerosis; however, its role in aortic aneurysms (AA) remains unknown. The study objective was to evaluate the role of genetic deletion of KLF4 on development of experimental AAs. Methods: 8-12 week male (n=12) KLF4 flx/wt ERT tamoxifen Cre+ mice (“KLF4 conditional het KO mice”) and KLF4 flx/wt ERT tamoxifen Cre- (WT) mice underwent elastase perfusion following tamoxifen injection. In separate experiments, 8-12 week male (n=13) KLF4 flx/flx Smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (Myh11) Cre+(“SMC specific conditional KLF4 KO mice”), and KLF4 wt/wt SM-MHC Cre+ (“Myh11 Cre WT”) underwent elastase perfusion following tamoxifen administration. At 14 days, maximal aortic dilation was measured with video micrometry. Aortic samples were evaluated with histology for α-actin, macrophages, neutrophils, T lymphocytes and elastin. Results: Maximal aortic dilation was significantly reduced in KLF4 conditional het KO mice compared to WT controls (42.9 ± 7.3% versus 78.9 ± 12.6%, p&lt;0.039). In addition, these mice had reduced macrophage and neutrophil infiltration with greater elastin preservation and α-actin expression. SMC specific conditional KLF4 KO mice also showed a significant reduction in aortic dilation following elastase perfusion as compared to Myh11 Cre+ WT controls (53.4 ± 7.76% versus 93.8 ± 16.2%, p&lt;0.028). These mice also had reduced macrophage and neutrophil staining and increased elastin preservation and α-actin expression. Conclusions: KLF4 plays a critical role in promoting AA formation, since heterozygous KLF4 KO mice showed reduced aneurysm formation. At least part of this effect is due to loss of KLF4 in SMC since SMC specific conditional KLF4 KO mice also showed reduced AA formation as well as decreased immune cell recruitment and greater preservation of elastin and SMCs. Taken together, results identify KLF4 as a novel therapeutic target for treatment of aneurysms.
Quantile Regression Analysis of the Distributional Effects of Air Pollution on Blood Pressure, Heart Rate Variability, Blood Lipids, and Biomarkers of Inflammation in Elderly American Men: The Normative Aging Study
Authors: Marie-Abele Bind, Annette Peters, Petros Koutrakis, Brent Coull, Pantel Vokonas, Joel Schwartz
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2016)

Previous studies have observed associations between air pollution and heart disease. Susceptibility to air pollution effects has been examined mostly with a test of effect modification, but little evidence is available whether air pollution distorts cardiovascular risk factor distribution.This paper aims to examine distributional and heterogeneous effects of air pollution on known cardiovascular biomarkers.A total of 1,112 men from the Normative Aging Study and residents of the greater Boston, Massachusetts, area with mean age of 69 years at baseline were included in this study during the period 1995-2013. We used quantile regression and random slope models to investigate distributional effects and heterogeneity in the traffic-related responses on blood pressure, heart rate variability, repolarization, lipids, and inflammation. We considered 28-day averaged exposure to particle number, PM2.5 black carbon, and PM2.5 mass concentrations (measured at a single monitor near the site of the study visits).We observed some evidence suggesting distributional effects of traffic-related pollutants on systolic blood pressure, heart rate variability, corrected QT interval, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglyceride, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). For example, among participants with LDL cholesterol below 80 mg/dL, an interquartile range increase in PM2.5 black carbon exposure was associated with a 7-mg/dL (95% CI: 5, 10) increase in LDL cholesterol, while among subjects with LDL cholesterol levels close to 160 mg/dL, the same exposure was related to a 16-mg/dL (95% CI: 13, 20) increase in LDL cholesterol. We observed similar heterogeneous associations across low versus high percentiles of the LDL distribution for PM2.5 mass and particle number.These results suggest that air pollution distorts the distribution of cardiovascular risk factors, and that, for several outcomes, effects may be greatest among individuals who are already at high risk.Bind MA, Peters A, Koutrakis P, Coull B, Vokonas P, Schwartz J. 2016. Quantile regression analysis of the distributional effects of air pollution on blood pressure, heart rate variability, blood lipids, and biomarkers of inflammation in elderly American men: the Normative Aging Study. Environ Health Perspect 124:1189-1198; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1510044.
Fish collagen is an important panallergen in the Japanese population
Authors: Y. Kobayashi, H. Akiyama, J. Huge, H. Kubota, S. Chikazawa, T. Satoh, T. Miyake, H. Uhara, R. Okuyama, R. Nakagawara, M. Aihara, N. Hamada-Sato
Journal: Allergy (2016)

Collagen was identified as a fish allergen in early 2000s. Although its allergenic potential has been suggested to be low, risks associated with collagen as a fish allergen have not been evaluated to a greater extent. In this study, we aimed to clarify the importance of collagen as a fish allergen. Our results showed that 50% of Japanese patients with fish allergy had immunoglobulin E (IgE) against mackerel collagen, whereas 44% had IgE against mackerel parvalbumin. IgE inhibition assay revealed high cross-reactivity of mackerel collagen to 22 fish species (inhibition rates: 87–98%). Furthermore, a recently developed allergy test demonstrated that collagen triggered IgE cross-linking on mast cells. These data indicate that fish collagen is an important and very common panallergen in fish consumed in Japan. The high rate of individuals' collagen allergy may be attributable to the traditional Japanese custom of raw fish consumption.
Experimental Induction of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma in Rats 2
Authors: Jonathan Dissin, Luther R. Mills, David L. Mains, Owen Black, Paul D. Webster
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

Journal Article Experimental Induction of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma in Rats Get access Jonathan Dissin, M.S., Jonathan Dissin, M.S. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Luther R. Mills, M.D., Luther R. Mills, M.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar David L. Mains, M.D., David L. Mains, M.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Owen Black, Jr., Ph.D., Owen Black, Jr., Ph.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Paul D. Webster, III, M.D. Paul D. Webster, III, M.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 55, Issue 4, October 1975, Pages 857–864, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/55.4.857 Published: 01 October 1975 Article history Received: 18 December 1974 Accepted: 03 June 1975 Published: 01 October 1975