tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Partial breast irradiation (PBI) concurrent with adjuvant dose-dense doxorubicin and dyclophosphamide (ddAC) chemotherapy in early-stage breast cancer: Preliminary safety results from a feasibility trial
Authors: R. C. Zellars, D. Frassica, V. Stearns, J. H. Fetting, D. K. Armstrong, L. Myers, T. N. Tsangaris, L. Jacobs, J. R. Lange, A. C. Wolf
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

10675 Background: Adjuvant anthracycline-based chemotherapy regimens and radiation therapy as part of breast conservation therapy (BCT) are given sequentially to avoid excessive skin toxicity. PBI employs a shorter course of radiation therapy to a smaller breast field and is the subject of randomized efficacy trials. Concurrent administration of PBI and adjuvant chemotherapy would decrease duration of therapy, allow more women to pursue BCT, improve compliance, and potentially enhance local control. Methods: To examine the feasibility, safety, and short-term risk of recurrence of concurrent PBI with adjuvant ddAC, we are conducting a prospective one-stage, single-arm trial of PBI during the first 2 of 4 cycles of ddAC (60 and 600 mg/m 2 , respectively) delivered q14d with growth factor support. Patients (pts) with T1–2 N0–1 breast cancer and lumpectomy margins ≥ 3mm are eligible. PBI starts within 3 days of first chemo dose and treats the lumpectomy bed plus margin with 270 cGy fractions × 15 (4050 cGy total). Primary endpoints (skin/soft tissue toxicity and cosmetic outcome) are graded by a panel of physicians using commonly accepted scales. Digital images at baseline, during, and q 3–6 months after PBI are obtained for comparison. Additional chemo and endocrine Rx post ddAC given at the physician’s discretion. We report preliminary safety data. Results: Between 11/04 and 9/05, 10 pts were enrolled and received study therapy (accrual goal = 42); 2 pts also received dd paclitaxel 175 mg/m 2 post ddAC. All pts received planned PBI (med. f/u 6 mos, range 3–12 mos). 2 pts missed 1 and 2 cycles of ddAC because of stomatitis (Gr 3) and diverticulitis, respectively. 3 other pts had 1–2 wk chemo delay because of hand-foot syndrome, brief pulmonary syndrome, and febrile neutropenia. No pts developed radiation dermatitis &gt; Gr 1 or radiation recall. All pts had cosmetic outcome grades of good or excellent shortly after completion of therapy. No pts with ≥ 6 mos f/u since PBI had late skin toxicity. Conclusion: Early results suggest that PBI concurrent with ddAC appears feasible and safe. Trial enrolment continues and longer f/u is required. (Funded by The Breast Cancer Research Foundation). No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Concurrent chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer: Analysis of a single institutional 10-year experience
Authors: Y. Aoki, Y. Nagai, T. Toita, M. Hirakawa, M. Toma, C. Yagi, T. Nashiro, M. Inamine, K. Kamiyama
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

16056 Background: The purpose of this study was to report the feasibility and efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for the locally advanced cervical cancer in our institute. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 147 patients (stage Ib: 9, II: 82, III: 80, and IVa: 7) with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix treated with CCRT. Cisplatin (20mg/m2/day) was administered for 5 days every 3 weeks for a median of three courses (range: 1–5 courses) during radiotherapy (RT). The patients with paraaortic and/or common iliac lymphadenopathy were excluded. RT consisted of pelvic external beam RT (EBRT) with 40Gy/20 fractions followed by high-dose rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) with 18Gy/3 fractions and pelvic EBRT with 10Gy/5 fractions using a midline block. Late complications were graded by the RTOG/EORTC criteria. Results: The 5-year actuarial overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and pelvic relapse-free survival were 78.5%, 70.7%, and 78.0%, respectively. The 5-year OS by the disease stage was as follows: stage Ib 100%, II 82.0%, III 62.3%, and IVa 35.7%. Multivariate analysis identified pelvic lymphadenopathy, tumor diameter &gt; 7cm, and pretreatment hemoglobin &lt; 9.0g/dl as an independent prognostic factor for both OS and DFS. Only one patient suffered from grade 3 enterocolitis, but no grade 4 complication developed. Conclusions: Our experience suggests that CCRT using HDR-BT for locally advanced cervical cancer could achieve favorable local control without suffering from severe late complications. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Frailty and Mortality After Noncardiac Surgery in Elderly Individuals
Authors: Jason M. Johanning, Daniel Hall, Shipra Arya
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Myxomavirus (MYXV) therapy for small cell lung cancer (SCLC) using patient samples and a genetically engineered SCLC mouse model
Authors: Daniel E. Shabashvili, Masmudur Rahman, Patrick Kellish, Harald Messer, Mary Reinhard, Grant McFadden, Frederic Kaye, Maria Zajac-Kaye
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2016)
Influences of Different Polychlorinated Biphenyls on Cytocidal, Mitoinhibitory, and Nodule-Selecting Activities of N-2-Fluorenylacetamide in Rat Liver23
Authors: M. Anthony Hayes, Esther Roberts, Stephen H. Safe, Emmanuel Farber, Ross G. Cameron
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1986)

The influences of different polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) isomers and congeners on distinct hepatotoxic responses to the hepatocarcinogen N-2-fluorenylacetamide [(2-FAA) CAS: 53-96-3] were examined in F344 rats. Cytocidal toxicity of 2-FAA (25-400 microM), determined by lactate dehydrogenase release during 20 hours in primary monolayer cultures of isolated rat hepatocytes, was reduced by in vivo pretreatment with either phenobarbitone [(PB) CAS: 50-06-6] or 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (HCBP), a PB-type PCB inducer. However, cytocidal toxicity of 2-FAA was substantially potentiated by either 3-methylcholanthrene [(MCA) CAS: 56-49-5] or 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl [(TCBP) CAS: 32598-13-3], an MCA-type PCB. In the same cell culture assays, all four pretreatments similarly reduced cytocidal toxicity of N-hydroxy-N-2-fluorenylacetamide (0.32-32 microM; CAS: 53-95-2). By comparison, pretreatments with either the PB-type or MCA-type PCB's (50-200 mumol/kg) diminished mitoinhibitory toxicity of 2-FAA in vivo, as measured by hepatic regenerative growth and hepatocyte labeling indices 7 days after partial hepatectomy (PH) in rats given 3 consecutive daily doses of 2-FAA (20/mg/kg/day) before PH. This regimen of 2-FAA and PH promoted rapid selective growth of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase-positive (gamma-GT+) nodules at 2 and 4 weeks after PH in rats previously given an initiating hepatocarcinogen, diethylnitrosamine [(DENA) CAS: 55-18-5]. However, various PCB's, including 2,2',4,4',5,5'-HCBP, 3,3',4,4'-TCBP, 2,2',4,4'-TCBP, 2,2',5,5'-TCBP, and the commercial mixture Aroclor 1254, each given as a single dose of 50 mumol/kg by gavage 10 days after DENA and 7 days before 2-FAA, all reduced the size of 2-FAA-selected gamma-GT+ nodules during the 4-week period after PH. These results indicate that, in spite of predictable inducer-specific opposite influences of different types of PCB's on cytocidal toxicity of 2-FAA, all PCB's similarly reduce nodule selection by 2-FAA in initiated livers. Reduced growth of 2-FAA-selected nodules correlated with the consistent ability of all PCB's to enhance regeneration of liver mass after 2-FAA and PH.
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
Authors: Yan Gong, Erik Christensen, Christian Gluud
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

to the editor: With respect to the review article on primary biliary cirrhosis by Kaplan and Gershwin (Sept. 22 issue),1 we would like to emphasize the value of alternative noninvasive methods for the diagnosis of this disorder, such as multiphasic computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). If they are used early in the course of the disease, both of these imaging methods demonstrate objective signs of portal hypertension, hepatomegaly, liver fibrosis, and lymphadenopathy. The identification of these signs has been shown to be helpful in the evaluation and surveillance of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis.2,3 Giuseppe Brancatelli, M.D.
Anal cancer outcomes in patients treated with intensity modulated versus 3-dimensional chemoradiotherapy.
Authors: Benjamin Thomas Cooper, David Grew, Danielle Bitterman, Nicholas Sanfilippo, Kevin Lee Du
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

662 Background: Combined chemoradiotherapy (CRT) has been successful in both tumor eradication and colostomy prevention in patients with squamous-cell carcinoma of the anal canal. Unfortunately, CRT can be toxic with high rates of acute gastrointestinal and skin toxicity. This can necessitate treatment interruptions, prolonging therapy, possibly leading to loss of local control. In RTOG 0529, intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) decreased the rate of treatment interruption compared to historical controls. We aim to compare toxicity and outcomes in patients treated with CRT based on radiation technique. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 107 consecutive patients, 39 HIV+, 68 HIV-, who underwent definitive CRT for anal cancer at a single institution between 2004 and 2013. Overall survival (OS), colostomy-free survival (CFS), local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) were analyzed. Chi-square test was used to compare frequencies and t-test was used to compare means. Kaplan-Meier survival was calculated and differences were evaluated by Log-rank statistic. Results: Median follow-up was 15 months. Radiation technique was IMRT in 60% of patients with the remainder treated with 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D). Dose to the draining lymph nodes was higher in patients treated with IMRT (mean dose 40 Gy vs. 32 Gy, p &lt; 0.001). Fewer patients had a greater than 10 day treatment break in IMRT cohort than the 3D cohort (21% vs. 43%, p = 0.028). Three-year OS (91% vs. 47%, p &lt; 0.001) and DMFS (88% vs 64%, p= 0.033) were improved in patients treated with IMRT. There was no significant difference in acute GI or skin toxicity. There was no difference in stage, number of chemotherapy cycles and dose reductions, growth factor support, transfusion necessity, hospital admission, LRFS, sphincter function preservation, or CFS. Conclusions: In this cohort, patients treated with IMRT had better OS and DMFS than patients treated with 3D. Higher radiation doses to the draining lymph nodes and fewer prolonged treatment breaks may contribute to improved outcomes in patients treated with IMRT. Further studies are necessary to establish the etiology of this difference in outcomes.
Oral HPV infection in HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer cases and their spouses.
Authors: Gypsyamber D'Souza, Neil D. Gross, Sara I Pai, Robert I. Haddad, Maura L. Gillison, Marshall R. Posner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

CRA6031 The full, final text of this abstract will be available at abstract.asco.org at 7:30 AM (EDT) on Saturday, June, 1, 2013, and in the Annual Meeting Proceedings online supplement to the June 20, 2013, issue of Journal of Clinical Oncology. Onsite at the Meeting, this abstract will be printed in the Saturday edition of ASCO Daily News.
Phase I, pharmacokinetic (PK) study of synthadotin (SYN-D; ILX651), a next generation antitubulin, administered iv weekly x 3 weeks every 4 weeks (wx3q4w)
Authors: G. R. Weiss, A. Mita, M. Garrison, S.-C. Q. Chu, S. Syed, O. Haider, P. Bonate, L. A. Hammond, E. K. Rowinsky
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

3073 Background: SYN-D is a pentapeptide with a unique mechanism of action that potentially differs from microtubule stabilizers (taxanes and epothilones) and tubulin inhibitors (vinca alkaloids and other dolastatins) as it is postulated to inhibit microtubule nucleation. SYN-D possesses broad, potent antitumor activity, and favorable pharmacological and toxicity profiles preclinically, particularly with respect to cardiovascular effects. Methods: Based on the protracted nature of binding and retention of tubulin-binding agents in peripheral tissues and tumors, SYN-D administered IV for 30 mins wx3q4w was evaluated. The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was the highest dose at which <2/6 new pts experienced dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) in course 1. Results: Thirty pts stratified by prior myelotoxic therapy into minimally and heavily pretreated (MP and HP, respectively) cohorts (median age 56; M/F=18/12; tumor types: colorectal [13], renal [4], melanoma [4] breast [2], NSCLC [2], larynx, ovary, mesothelioma, HCC and prostate cancers [1 each]) were treated with 66 courses (range 1–6) of SYN-D at 7.8, 15.6, 31.2, 46.8, 54.5, and 62.2 mg/m2. Unacceptably high levels of dose-limiting neutropenia (precluding day 15 SYN-D administration; 1 complicated by fever) were seen in 2/3 MP pts treated at 62.2 mg/m2 and in 3 and 2 MP and HP pts, respectively, at 54.5 mg/m2. The MTD and recommended phase II dose for both cohorts is 46.8 mg/m2. At this dose level only 1/9 pts experienced DLT. No major gastrointestinal, neurological or cardiovascular toxicities were noted. Antitumor activity included a 47% decrease in a taxane- and platinum-refractory NSCLC lasting 5 months and stable disease >4 months in 2 pts with HCC and renal cancer. The PK behavior of SYN-D (dose range of 7.8–62.2 mg/m2) was biphasic; a third non-quantifiable gamma phase was observed in a few pts; and the effective t1/2 was <1 hour. Conclusions: Weekly administration of SYN-D is safe, active, convenient and well tolerated; however, dose intensity is lower (35mg/m2/wk) than with the daily x 5 every 21 days schedule (45.5mg/m2/wk) currently in phase II evaluation. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration ILEX Products, Inc., an affiliate of ILEX Oncology ILEX Products, Inc., an affiliate of ILEX Oncology ILEX Oncology, Inc. ILEX Products, Inc., an affiliate of ILEX Oncology ILEX Oncology, Inc. ILEX Products, Inc., an affiliate of ILEX Oncology ILEX Products, Inc., an affiliate of ILEX Oncology
Antioxidant stimulation as the adaptation mechanism in patients with metastatic urothelial cancers (MUC) treated with gemcitabine and cisplatin (GC).
Authors: Patrik Palacka, Jarmila Kucharska, Michal Mego, Jana Obertova, Jan Rajec, Daniela Svetlovska, Zuzana Sycova-Mila, Anna Mataseje, Jozef Mardiak, Anna Gvozdjakova
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

281 Background: The role of oxidative stress inpatients with MUC treated with GC is unknown. The objective of this ongoing study is to determinate plasma antioxidants, lipid peroxidation, and lipids in pts. with MUC before and after GC treatment, and to compare them with control. Methods: From May 2010 – January 2012, 42 MUC patients were enrolled into this study. The median of age was 65 years (range 44–81), median of metastasis sites was 2 (range 1–7). All patients were treated with gemcitabine 1000 mg/m 2 i.v. days 1 and 8 with cisplatin 75 mg/m 2 i.v. day 1, the new cycle of treatment started on day 22. Plasma samples were collected before and after 3 cycles of chemotherapy with GC. The control consisted of 22 subjects without cancer with age median 61 years (range 39–66). Results: In MUC patients, plasma γ-tocopherol before treatment were significantly lower (1.77±0.70 vs 2.13±0.70 μmol/L, P&lt;0.04) and plasma TBARS higher vs control (5.76±1.32 vs 4.51±0.56 μmol/L, P&lt;0.001). When compared baseline plasma levels to values after 3 cycles of GC, significant changes were noticed: γ-tocopherol (1.77±0.70 vs 2.29±1.14 μmol/L, P&lt;0.04), α-tocopherol (24.23±5.14 vs 29.25±6.24 μmol/L, P&lt;0.003), CoQ 10-TOTAL (0.43±0.15 vs 0.56±0.16 μmol/L, P=0.003). TBARS concentrations were significantly decreased (5.76±1.32 vs 4.85±1.08 μmol/L, P=0.01). The concentrations of plasma lipids after GC were increased: Cholesterol (4.61±0.99 vs 5.47±1.21 mmol/L, P&lt;0.004), TAG (1.30±0.65 vs 1.74±0.81 mmol/L, P&lt;0.02), LDL cholesterol (2.94±0.73 vs 3.46±0.86 mmol/L, P&lt;0.02), VLDL cholesterol (0.59±0.30 vs 0.81±0.37 mmol/L, P&lt;0.02), and HDL cholesterol (1.08±0.39 vs 1.24±0.43 mmol/L, NS). Conclusions: GC in patients with MUC stimulated antioxidant defence system, increased plasma lipids, and decreased lipid peroxidation. The antioxidant stimulation might be one of the adaptation mechanisms that protect organism and might prevent or reduce chemotherapy side-effects. Acknowledgement: Study is supported by VEGA 1/0614/12 and Ministry of Health, Slovakia, grant 2007/29-UK-06.
Evaluation of response in the multimodality treatment of esophageal cancer by [<sup>18</sup>F]-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: D. Vallbohmer, A. H. Holscher, J. Brabender, R. Metzger, S. Mönig, M. Schmidt, M. Dietlein, E. Bollschweiler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e15520 Background: Neoadjuvant therapy followed by surgery is frequently applied to improve the prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer. However, only a major histopathological response will provide a survival benefit. On the other hand, evidence suggests that patients with response to chemoradiation have no additional benefit from surgery compared with definitive chemoradiation. Consequently, effective methods for early and late response assessment are required in order to perform these different individualised, response-guided treatment concepts. The value of [ 18 F]-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) for this diagnostic purpose is still under debate. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the potential of FDG-PETfor the assessment of response in the multimodality treatment of patients with esophageal cancer. Methods: A systematic literature search of studies published between 1990 and September 2008 was performed. The meta-analysis estimated the pooled sensitivity and specificity of histopathological response assessment by FDG-PET using a random effect model. Results: Thirty relevant studies with 1151 patients (865 adenocarcinoma, 493 squamous cell cancer) were identified and included in the systematic review. Mainly neoadjuvant chemoradiation (22 studies) was performed. FDG-PET was conducted mostly before and after neoadjuvant therapy (21 studies) and second most (6 studies) the subsequent FDG-PET was scheduled 7–14 days after the initiation of preoperative therapy. Sixteen studies were included in the meta-analysis. For metabolic response assessment 7–14 days after the initiation of therapy, including 254 patients (with 5 studies from one center), the pooled sensitivity was 85.5% (95% CI: 75.5%-92.8%) and specificity 76.1% (95% CI: 69.3%-82.0%). For late response assessment, including 446 patients, the pooled sensitivity was 77.1% (95% CI: 72.8%- 81.0%) and specificity 59.0% (95% CI: 55.3%-62.7%). Conclusions: For early response assessment FDP-PET seems to be useful in the multimodality treatment of esophageal cancer. In contrast, this study suggests FDG-PET invaluable for late response assessment. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Clinical and morphological characterization of GIST patients (pts) in Brazil
Authors: D. P. Guimarães, E. Braggio, C. E. Bacchi, L. F. Lopes, I. A. Small, M. Valadão, C. M. Vasconcelos, S. Romano, I. R. Zalcberg, C. G. Ferreira
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

4178 Background: A better clinical, morphological and molecular characterization to improve outcome prediction for GIST pts in Brazil was our goal. Methods: We reviewed clinical and morphological data from 94 pts with surgically ressected GIST between Jan 1990 and April 2003. DNA samples were isolated from archived tissue and KIT exon 11 and 9 were evaluated for mutation. GIST pts were classified according to the risk into low-, intermediate-, and high-risk based on previously published criteria. Overall (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were analyzed. Results: Median age was 56 (9–87); Male/female 38/56; primary tumor sites were stomach (46.8%), small bowel (36.2%) colorectal (8.5%), and mesenteric/peritoneal mass (6.4%). Median tumor size was 8 cm (1.2–52). All cases (n=94) were KIT-positive (CD117). Thirty (34.5%) out of 87 pts in whom the surgery was considered optimal relapsed. Prognostic classification based on tumor size and mitotic index was possible in 82 pts: 20 (23%) were considered low-, 27 (31%) intermediate- and 35 (40%) high-risk. The median follow-up was 25 months. The median DFS and OS could not be reached for low- and intermediate-risk, whereas for high-risk pts were 24 and 33 months, respectively. Note that only 16 (17%) out of 94 pts were treated with Imatinib mesylate. Interestingly, high-risk behavior was correlated with epithelioide subtype (p<0.001), and % of KIT-positive cells (> 75%) (p<0.008). KIT mutation analyzes were possible in tumors from 63 pts (67%). Overall, 37 (58.7%) had KIT activating mutation in exon 11 or 9. The most common type of mutation was in-frame deletion in exon 11 (62.2%). The presence of mutation did not significantly correlate with survival, in contrast with recently published data. Conclusions: The clinical, morphological and molecular characteristics of GIST-pts in Brazil were similar to data reported elsewhere. High-risk pts had significantly worse survival than those with low-risk. Our data suggest that, in addition to tumor size and mitotic index, histologic subtype and % of KIT positivity may be used to predict risk in GIST pts. Additional analysis of exon 13 and 17 will be presented. Supported by Novartis Pharma Brazil. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Novartis