tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Detection of circulating melanoma cells by specific amplification of tyrosinase complementary DNA is not a reliable tumor marker in melanoma patients: a clinical two-center study.
Authors: R Gläser, K Rass, S Seiter, A Hauschild, E Christophers, W Tilgen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1997)

PURPOSE Recently, the reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of tyrosinase messenger RNA (mRNA) was reported to be a useful tool for the detection of circulating tumor cells in the peripheral blood of melanoma patients. Our aim was to evaluate critically the diagnostic value of this marker by investigating a significant number of patients in different stages of the disease in a two-center study. PATIENTS AND METHODS Different techniques of blood collection, RNA isolation, and RT-PCR were compared, and the detectability of tyrosinase mRNA was tested using nine different melanoma cell lines. The sensitivity of the method was confirmed by blood spiking experiments and the specificity by restriction enzyme analysis. Subsequently, a total of 153 blood samples from 137 individuals (30 healthy subjects, five basal cell carcinoma, and 102 melanoma patients) were investigated. RESULTS The detection level of melanoma cells differed between the cell lines tested. However, we could reproducibly detect single melanoma cells by spiking whole blood samples from healthy volunteers. One of 43 patients with primary melanoma (2.3%), zero of 15 patients with regional metastasis (0%), and 12 of 44 patients with advanced disease (27.3%) were found to be RT-PCR positive. All blood samples obtained from controls and patients with basal cell carcinoma were tyrosinose mRNA negative. CONCLUSION Our data support the recent doubts that the detection of circulating tumor cells in melanoma patients using the tyrosinase mRNA RT-PCR is not sensitive enough to be used either as a melanoma progression marker in early stages of the disease or to monitor therapy in advanced stages of the disease.
Impact of care at a specialized long-term follow-up clinic on the acquisition of health knowledge by childhood cancer survivors
Authors: W. Landier, C. Sun, K. Wilson, S. Kurian, S. Phang, C. Herrera, L. Laddaran, L. Dominguez, S. Bhatia
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

10054 Background: Knowledge deficits regarding diagnosis and treatment history exist, and could impair childhood cancer survivors’ ability to seek and receive risk-based care (RBC). Specialized long-term follow-up (LTFU) clinics provide RBC and pertinent education; however, the impact of clinic attendance on health knowledge deficits in survivors is unknown. This study was designed to determine if attendance at a specialized LTFU clinic improved survivors’ health knowledge. Methods: Health knowledge questionnaires were administered prior to a first LTFU clinic visit (baseline) and annually thereafter (subsequent). Accuracy of survivors’ self-reported diagnosis, treatment and perceived risks at baseline was compared with that reported at a subsequent clinic visit. Results: A total of 208 survivors completed questionnaires (54% female; 34% Caucasian, 45% Hispanic, 10% other; median age at diagnosis 7.6 years [range 0- 21.8]; age at survey 21.3 years [range 5.3–48.4]; primary diagnosis leukemia/lymphoma [70%], solid tumors [30%]). First-time LTFU clinic attendees (n=136) vs. those returning for a subsequent visit (n=72) demonstrated comparable accuracy in reporting their diagnosis with precision (69% vs. 72%) and reporting whether they received chemotherapy (97% vs. 96%), radiation (92% vs. 94%), and/or surgery (80% vs. 82%). Accuracy of reporting specifics of therapy (e.g., treatment with doxorubicin or anthracyclines) was low at baseline (32%) without significant subsequent improvement (36%). After adjusting for sex, race, education, primary diagnosis, age and year at diagnosis, age at survey, follow-up time, and therapeutic exposures, lack of awareness for perceived therapy-related risks was significantly lower in survivors returning for LTFU visits compared to baseline (Table). Conclusions: Attendance at a specialized LTFU clinic increased childhood cancer survivors’ awareness of therapy-related health risks and may facilitate RBC received by the survivors. Risk of lack of awareness for perceived health risks after one or more LTFU clinic visits* Body system at risk % lacking awareness of risk at baseline visit % lacking awareness of risk at subsequent visit Odds Ratio 95% Confidence Intervals Cardiac 47% 33% 0.23 0.10 - 0.51 Pulmonary 25% 5% 0.10 0.02 - 0.46 Sensory 52% 41% 0.31 0.14 - 0.69 Neurocognitive 39% 30% 0.37 0.16 - 0.87 Bone 55% 35% 0.18 0.08 - 0.41 * Adjusted for sex, race, education, primary diagnosis, year of diagnosis, age at diagnosis, age at survey, follow-up time, and therapeutic exposures. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Comprehensive Fusion Gene Analysis Of Pediatric Non-Down Syndrome Acute Megakaryoblasitc Leukemia
Authors: Yusuke Hara, Norio Shiba, Kentaro Ohki, Myoung-ja Park, Daisuke Tomizawa, Takashi Taga, Akiko M. Saito, Junichiro Fujimoto, Hirokazu Arakawa, Akio Tawa, Keizo Horibe, Souichi Adachi, Yasuhide Hayashi
Journal: Blood (2013)
Efficacy of neo-adjuvant gemcitabine plus cisplatin (GC) in muscle-invasive urothelial cancer (UC)
Authors: A. Dash, J. A. Pettus, B. H. Bochner, G. Dalbagni, S. M. Donat, H. W. Herr, D. F. Bajorin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

5077 Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with methotrexate-vinblastine-doxorubicin-cisplatin (MVAC) plus radical cystectomy (RC) improves survival over cystectomy alone in urothelial cancer (UC); survival is greatest for patients achieving either pT0 or = pT1 after chemotherapy. GC is less toxic and achieves a similar response and survival to MVAC in metastatic UC, but is untested as neoadjuvant therapy. This study compared GC-induced pathological response in the bladder to that seen with neoadjuvant MVAC in an historic control series (1983–88) at our center (JCO 12:1394, 1994). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed records from muscle-invasive UC patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy from 11/2000 to 5/2006; 43 received GC (planned 4 cycles) followed by RC. Post-chemotherapy pathologic response was compared to neoadjuvant MVAC pts (planned 4 cycles) but whose post-chemotherapy surgery varied by surgeon’s discretion. 34 of 111 MVAC patients underwent post-chemotherapy RC and an additional 21 patients underwent partial cystectomy (PC). Pathologic outcomes of the GC cohort were compared to MVAC patients that underwent either RC (n=34) or to either RC or PC (n=55). IRB approval was obtained. Results: Baseline characteristics and treatment results were similar for both groups. The median time from start of GC chemotherapy to RC was 141 days (IQ range 123–155). Start of MVAC to RC (n=34) was 95 days (IQ range 76–163) and to either RC or PC (n=55) was 119 days (IQ range 89–175). Achieving = pT1 was similar for GC (15/43; 35%, 95% CI 21–51%) and MVAC followed by RC (6/34; 18%, 95% CI 7–35) or MVAC followed by either RC or PC (20/55; 36%, 95% CI 24–50). Achieving pT0 for GC patients (11/43; 26%, 95% CI 14–41) was also similar to MVAC plus RC (5/34; 15%, 95% CI 5–31) and MVAC plus either RC or PC (15/55; 27%, 95% CI 16–41). Conclusions: Neoadjuvant GC is similar to MVAC in both pathologic response in the bladder and time to cystectomy. The efficacy and tolerance of neoadjuvant GC warrants further study to assess overall survival. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Predictive factors for the effect of perioperative FOLFOX for resectable liver metastasis in colorectal cancer patients (EORTC phase III study 40983).
Authors: H. Sorbye, M. Mauer, T. Gruenberger, B. Glimelius, G. J. Poston, P. M. Schlag, P. Rougier, J. N. Primrose, E. T. Walpole, B. Nordlinger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

3544 Background: EORTC study 40983 showed that perioperative FOLFOX increased progression-free survival (PFS) compared to surgery alone for patients with initially 1-4 resectable liver metastases from colorectal cancer. We now analysed possible prognostic and predictive baseline factors to identify factors associated with the effect of perioperative FOLFOX on PFS. Methods: Well-known baseline clinical prognostic factors from 342 eligible patients (171 in each arm) were first screened for their prognostic value and then for their predictive value for PFS using Cox proportional hazards regression models. The analysis was based on 240 events. Collett's model selection approach with a significance level of 0.1 was used to build up multivariate models. Internal validation was performed by bootstrap resampling. Results: After adjustment for identified prognostic factors, moderately elevated CEA (5-30 ng/ml) and highly elevated CEA (> 30 ng/mL) were both predictive factors for the benefit of perioperative chemotherapy (p = 0.06 and 0.03 respectively for the interaction terms; HR = 0.58 and HR = 0.51 for the treatment benefit). Patients with a normal CEA did not benefit from perioperative therapy. Patients with 1 metastatic tumor had the same benefit of perioperative therapy as patients with > 1 tumor (HR = 0.98 for the interaction term). Performance status (PS) 0 was a predictive factor for the benefit of perioperative chemotherapy (p = 0.04; HR = 0.61), whereas patients with PS 1-2 (only 3 patients with PS 2) seemed to have a detrimental effect of perioperative therapy (HR = 1.21). There was a benefit for patients with largest tumor diameter both ≤ 3 cm and > 3 cm (HR = 0.88 and HR = 0.58). Neither prior adjuvant 5FU nor location of primary was a predictive factor. For patients with PS 0 and elevated CEA (> 5 ng/mL) the 3-year PFS was 35% with perioperative chemotherapy compared to 19% with surgery alone. Conclusions: Perioperative FOLFOX is of particular benefit for patients with resectable liver metastases from colorectal cancer when CEA is elevated or when performance status is good (PS 0). Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration sanofi-aventis sanofi-aventis sanofi-aventis
Isolated testicular relapse in acute lymphocytic leukemia of childhood: categories and influence on survival.
Authors: W P Bowman, R J Aur, H O Hustu, G Rivera
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1984)

Isolated testicular relapse complicating first hematologic remission was identified in 31 of 521 boys with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). Three categories of involvement were apparent and could be related to presenting clinical features, duration of initial complete remission, and length of hematologic remission. Among 12 patients with early testicular relapse, most had unfavorable prognostic features when ALL was first diagnosed. All but two of these children experienced marrow recurrence within seven months of testicular relapse. In contrast, the 12 patients who developed testicular disease late in their clinical course have responded much better to further therapy; ten remain in bone-marrow remission for a median of four years beyond testicular relapse. Similarly, five of the seven patients with subclinical testicular leukemia, found at elective biopsy, continue in marrow remission for prolonged periods. Early testicular recurrence is a sign of drug-resistant disease; late recurrence after elective cessation of therapy may represent residual, incompletely treated but still responsive leukemia.
Phase II study of combination therapy with CHOP Interferon (IFN) alpha and rituximab (R) in chemo-naive patients (pts) with diffuse large B cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL)
Authors: B. L. Rapoport, C. F. Slabber, G. Cohen, G. McMichael, A. S. Alberts, D. A. Vorobiof, A. Uys
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

6694 Background Until recently CHOP was considered the gold standard for aggressive NHL. R-CHOP was shown to have a survival benefit over CHOP in elderly pts with diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma. R-IFN have each demonstrated single-agent activity and synergy in pts with low-grade NHL with a RR of 45%. A Scandinavian trial showed that the addition of IFN significantly increased responsiveness to a second course of R in pts with a PR or minor response to an initial course of R monotherapy. Method To assess RR, response duration and survival of untreated pts with intermediate and high grade CD 20+ NHL. Six to 8 cycles of CHOP are repeated every 21 days. INF α2a: 4.5 x 10 U SC 3 times/week (9 doses/cycle). R: 375 mg/m2 of IV on day 1 of each cycle. Results Thirty eight pts have been entered. There are 24 males and 14 females. Median is age 57 years (20–81). The majority of pts (65%) presented with an ECOG PS of 0 - 1, despite the fact that more than 70% of pts presented with stage III or IV disease. Only 16 pts (42%) presented with constitutional symptoms. A total of 192 cycles have been administered, with a median of 6 cycles (range 1–8). At this stage 27 of the 38 pts are evaluable for response. Two pts withdrew consent after the first cycle and 9 pts are too early for response evaluation. Documented responses include 16 (59%) CR and 8 (30%)PR’s. The median response duration and survival have not yet been reached, but exceeds 7 (range 1–26) and 9 months (range 1–34) respectively. Two pts have NC and only 1 pt did not respond to treatment. Toxicity includes anaemia (grade I-II: 9 pts; grade III: 5 pts), neutropenia (grade I-II: 4 pts; grade III-IV: 17 pts) and thrombocytopenia (grade I-II: 4 pts; grade III-IV: 1 pt). Five pts developed febrile neutropenia. Other toxicities includes nausea and vomiting (grade I - II in 12 pts; grade III: 3 pts), stomatitis (grade I-III: 20 pts; grade III-IV: 3 pts) and flu like symptoms (grade I-III: 18 pts). Conclusion This study demonstrates that R + INF with CHOP achieves high RR’s without significant additional toxicity in pts with previously untreated diffuse large cell B cell NHL. Further follow-up will determine response duration and survival. The study is ongoing. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy for early-stage epithelial ovarian cancer: Single or combination chemotherapy?
Authors: G. Adams, J. M. Zekri, H. Wong, J. A. Green
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

5063 Background: Platinum based adjuvant chemotherapy improves overall survival in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), yet the benefit of adding paclitaxel has not been established in the high risk early subgroup. The 2004 consensus statement (Annals Oncol. 16 S8. 2005 viii7.) recommended adjuvant therapy of at least carboplatin (C) AUC 5-7.5, while the NCCN guidelines (2009) (http://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/PDF/ovarian.pdf) recommend 3-6 cycles of a taxane/carboplatin combination. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the clinical benefit and toxicity of two regimens; single agent C and C in combination with paclitaxel (CP) in early EOC. Methods: A retrospective analysis of all patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy for FIGO stage Ia-IIc ovarian cancer between 2002 and 2005 at a single centre serving a population of 2.1m. Patients were treated with C (AUC6,q21d) or CP (P 175 mg/m2,over 3hrs C AUC6, q21d) at the discretion of their treating physician. Results: 60 pts received CP and 35 C. Surgical staging was adequate in 83/95 pts (87%). Younger patients (p < 0.0001) and those with a better ECOG PS (p = 0.045) were more likely to receive CP. Median follow-up was 38 m (range 0-70 m). 5 year OS was 62% (95%CI: 44%-81%) for C and 73% (95%CI: 61%-85%) for CP p = 0.316. For the subgroup with stage I disease and good performance status (PS0/1) 5 yr OS was 80% (59%-100%) for C and 79% (63%-95%) for CP; p = 1.0. Subgroup analyses by grade or histology showed no difference in OS. P was discontinued prematurely in 9 (15%) pts on account of toxicity, while C was not stopped early. P-related neuropathy (G1/2) was reported in 10 (17%) pts at 6 m and in 2 (< 1%) at 12 m. Conclusions: CP was administered more often than C, with selection influenced by age and PS. CP and P showed equivelent OS. P related neuropathy remains a significant and persistent toxicity. A prospective randomised trial is warranted to compare carboplatin and platinum based combinations in patients with high-risk EOC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Chemotherapy of metastatic and/or recurrent undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma with cisplatin, bleomycin, and fluorouracil.
Authors: H Boussen, E Cvitkovic, J L Wendling, N Azli, M Bachouchi, R Mahjoubi, C Kalifa, P Wibault, G Schwaab, J P Armand
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1991)

Undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (UCNT) is known to be radiosensitive and chemosensitive, but the latter has never been studied prospectively with phase II methodology. After an intensive work-up, 49 patients with recurrent (REC) and/or metastatic (MTS) UCNT were treated with three monthly cycles of cisplatin (CDDP) 100 mg/m2 day 1; bleomycin 15 mg intravenously (IV) day 1, and 16 mg/m2/d continuous infusion (CI) days 1 to 5; and fluorouracil (5FU) 650 mg/m2/d CI days 1 to 5 (PBF). Of the 49 patients, 33 were North African. The sex ratio was three males:one female, and the median World Health Organization (WHO) performance status was 1.6. In the 48 patients assessable for response, we observed nine (19%) complete responses (CRs) and 29 (60%) partial responses (PRs) (60%), for a 79% overall response rate (95% confidence interval, 68% to 90%) in the assessable group and a 78% global rate. There were eight CRs (24%) observed in the group without previous chemotherapy (33 patients) compared with one CR in the chemotherapy pretreated group (16 patients). Four patients are still alive without evidence of disease after 52+, 54+, 58+, and 58+ months, respectively. All of them had less than three bone MTS sites, and received radiation therapy in these sites. The results confirm the chemosensitivity of UCNT, and the observation of unmaintained long-term responders makes curability a possible consideration.
Discovery of serum biomarkers of colorectal cancer using a novel multi dimensional proteomics strategy
Authors: Wona Joo, Hsin-Yao Tang, Nadeem Ali-Khan, David W. Speicher
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 46, 2005

4362 

There is currently substantial interest in identifying new protein biomarkers of colorectal cancer, which is the second most common fatal malignancy in the Western world. Serological biomarkers capable of detecting early disease are particularly ideal because blood collection is minimally invasive and immunoassays of discovered biomarkers are straightforward, reliable, and economical. Some serological biomarkers might alternatively be useful for predicting clinical outcome, response to therapy, and detecting relapse. To identify novel patterns of multiple serological biomarkers of colorectal cancer, we used a tumor xenotransplantation model in SCID mice together with a powerful new blood protein profiling method we recently developed. This proteomics method utilizes four different high resolution, high performance separation modes. Briefly, serum is depleted of major proteins using a polyclonal antibody column; fractionated using MicroSol IEF, a fractionation method developed in this laboratory; and separated on 1-D SDS gels. Each lane is sliced into uniform segments, and slices are digested with trypsin followed by nanocapillary reverse phase HPLC on a column interfaced with a high sensitivity ion trap mass spectrometer to identify proteins. This 4-D proteomics method can identify proteins in serum or plasma that vary in concentration by more than 9 orders-of-magnitude. Most importantly, a substantial number of known serum proteins that are present in low nanogram per ml to picogram per ml levels can be identified. In initial studies, three human colorectal cancer cell lines (Colo-205, HIT-15, and Caco-2) were subcutaneously injected into SCID mice. We collected serum from mice with different tumor sizes to determine optimal tumor loads for discovery of biomarkers that can most effectively detect early stage cancer. Tumors were evaluated for necrosis by histopathological analysis. We then identified human proteins secreted by the tumors into the mouse blood using our novel proteomics method. In preliminary studies a substantial number of human proteins were discovered, including proteins previously reported to be present in human patients with cancer. The next step is to compare results from different cell lines, different tumor types and controls with normal human tissue. Subsequently, we plan to establish immunoassaying for the most interesting putative biomarkers and systematically test these markers using serum from colorectal cancer patients and matched controls.
Macular Morphology and Visual Acuity in the Second Year of the Comparison of Age-Related Macular Degeneration Treatments Trials
Authors: Sumit Sharma, Cynthia A. Toth, Ebenezer Daniel, Juan E. Grunwald, Maureen G. Maguire, Gui-Shuang Ying, Jiayan Huang, Daniel F. Martin, Glenn J. Jaffe
Journal: Ophthalmology (2016)
Clinicopathological Characteristics of RET Rearranged Lung Cancer in European Patients
Authors: Sebastian Michels, Andreas Hans Scheel, Matthias Scheffler, Anne Maria Schultheis, Oliver Gautschi, Franziska Aebersold, Joachim Diebold, Georg Pall, Sacha Rothschild, Lukas Bubendorf, Wolfgang Hartmann, Lukas Heukamp, Hans-Ulrich Schildhaus, Jana Fassunke, Michaela Angelika Ihle, Helen Künstlinger, Carina Heydt, Rieke Fischer, Lucia Nogovà, Christian Mattonet, Rebecca Hein, Anne Adams, Ulrich Gerigk, Wolfgang Schulte, Heike Lüders, Christian Grohé, Ullrich Graeven, Clemens Müller-Naendrup, Andreas Draube, Karl-Otto Kambartel, Stefan Krüger, Susanne Schulze-Olden, Monika Serke, Walburga Engel-Riedel, Britta Kaminsky, Winfried Randerath, Sabine Merkelbach-Bruse, Reinhard Büttner, Jürgen Wolf
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2016)
Additive effects of non-invasive ventilation to hyperoxia on pre-frontal cerebral oxygenation during exercise in patients with COPD
Authors: Miguel Rodrigues, Mayron Oliveira, Erika Treptow, Aline Souza, J. Alberto Neder
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Rationale:  Changes (Δ) in cerebral oxygenation (COx) during exercise are modulated by the dynamic coupling between O 2  delivery (cerebral blood flow and arterial O 2  content) and O 2  utilization. Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIV)  per se  may improve the central haemodynamic responses to exercise thereby enhancing COx in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).  Objective : To investigate the effects of NIV (inspiratory pressure= 16 cmH 2 O and end-expiratory pressure= 5 cmH 2 O)  plus  hyperoxia (HiOx, FIO 2 = 0.4)  versus  HiOx alone on COx during ramp-incremental exercise in patients with moderate-to-severe COPD.  Methods : Thirteen non-hypercapnic males (FEV 1 =48.8± 15.1% predicted) were randomly assigned to receive each intervention on different days. ΔCOx was determined by near infrared spectroscopy (fold-changes in HbO 2 ), oxyhemoglobin saturation by pulse oximetry (SpO 2 ), and cardiac output (Q T ) by impedance cardiography.  Results:  As expected, SpO 2  remained near 100% throughout the tests (p>0.05). Area under ΔCOx on HiOx was significantly correlated with ΔQ T  (r=0.82). Peak exercise capacity did not differ between interventions (74± 20 W  vs . 78 ± 19 W; p T  was larger with NIV-HiOx than HiOx (2.0± 0.5  vs  1.6± 0.6 fold-changes, p Conclusions : NIV adds benefit to HiOx in increasing pre-frontal cerebral oxygenation in patients with COPD, an effect associated with enhanced central haemodynamic responses to exercise.