tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Magnesium Oxide as Carrier Dust in Benzo[&lt;italic&gt;a&lt;/italic&gt;]pyrene-Induced Lung Carcinogenesis in Syrian Hamsters&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: F Stenbäck, A Sellakumar, P Shubik
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

The neoplastic progression induced by intratracheal instillation of benzo[a]pyrene (BP) and magnesium oxide (MgO) was compared with that induced by intratracheal instillation of BP and ferric oxide (Fe2O3). BP and MgO produced squamous cell carcinomas and papillomas in the larynx with a latent period as shor as 9 weeks. They also induced many papillomas as well as squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas in the trachea and a papilloma, squamous cell carcinomas, adenocarcinomas, adenosquamous lesions, and peripheral adenomatoid lesions in the bronchi. They rarely caused tumors in other organs; only a few forestomach papillomas, one melanoma on the dorsal skin, and one ovarian carconoma were seen BP, with Fe2O3 as the carrier, induced a comparable number of histologically similar tumors; however, tumors developed more frequently in the main bronchi. Thus MgO strongly facilitated the tumor-inducing effects of BP, causing tumors in different areas of the respiratory tract, and was as effective as Fe2O3 as a carrier agent in the experimental induction of respiratory tumors.
Zika virus was transmitted by sexual contact in Texas, health officials report
Authors: Michael McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2016)

A person in Texas, USA, has become infected with the Zika virus after sexual contact with someone who had acquired the infection while travelling abroad, health officials have reported.

The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) confirmed this as the first known case of Zika virus to be locally acquired in the continental United States during the current outbreak.

Almost all cases of Zika virus infection are transmitted by mosquito bites, although cases of sexual transmission have been reported previously.1 2 Dallas County health department officials said that the traveler …
Abstract 16273: Idiopathic Pericarditis and Pericardial Effusion in Children: Contemporary Epidemiologic Trends
Authors: Divya Shakti, Rebecca S Hehn, Kimberly Gauvreau, Robert P Sundel, Jane W Newburger
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Multicenter studies on idiopathic/viral pericarditis and pericardial effusion (PPE) have not been reported in children. We explored the secular trends in epidemiology, management, and r...
Influence of Ovarian Function on Incidence of Radiation-Induced Ovarian Tumors in Mice&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Henry S. Kaplan, M. D.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1950)

Journal Article Influence of Ovarian Function on Incidence of Radiation-Induced Ovarian Tumors in Mice Get access Henry S. Kaplan, M. D. Henry S. Kaplan, M. D. Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, San Francisco, Calif. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 11, Issue 1, August 1950, Pages 125–132, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/11.1.125 Published: 01 August 1950 Article history Received: 19 May 1950 Published: 01 August 1950
Comorbidities in stage IV COPD patients
Authors: Vanda Areias, Susana Carreira, Marisa Anciães, Paula Pinto, Cristina Bárbara
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is associated with many comorbidities, however the prevalence of these diseases varies in different studies.   Aim:  To determine the prevalence of various comorbidities in stage IV COPD patients (pts), followed in a respiratory outpatient clinic of an Universitary Hospital.   Methods:  A questionnaire was designed and applied to stage IV COPD pts in order to characterize the disease and its comorbidities. Data were supplemented by consulting clinical files.   Results:  We included 89 pts (87% male), with a mean age of 68±9 years, 79% were ex-smokers. Mean FEV 1  was 38% of predicted and all of them had chronic respiratory failure. Thirty five pts (39%) were frequent exacerbators (≥2 exacerbations in the last year).  Thirty-seven pts (42%) had at least one admission because of their respiratory disease in the last year and 66 patients (74%) in the last 5 years.  Most pts had at least one comorbidity (97%), with an average of 4 comorbidities by patient and a mean Charlson index of 2.  The most frequent comorbidities were cardiovascular diseases (70%), erectile dysfunction (48%), sleep apnea syndrome (43%), dyslipidemia (35%), cataracts (31%), gastroesophageal reflux (29%) and diabetes (20%).  Frequent exacerbators were associated with a 5-fold increase in the odds ratio of having 2 or more comorbidities.  Frequent exacerbators had more gastroesophageal reflux (p=0,006) and more admissions in the last year and in previous 5 years (p   Conclusion:  This study confirms the high prevalence and association of comorbidities in stage IV COPD pts and its influence on exacerbations and admissions, justifying the need of a complete and integrative treatment approach.
Update on SGLT2 Inhibitor Warning
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Phase I dose escalation trial (ARQ 197–111) evaluating combination of selective c-Met inhibitor ARQ 197 and erlotinib
Authors: I. Laux, J. Goldman, R. Just, K. Brady, J. Li, B. Schwartz, R. Savage, E. Garmey, L. Rosen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

3549 Background: ARQ197 (A) is a selective, non-ATP competitive inhibitor of c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase implicated in tumor cell migration, invasion, and proliferation. Phase I data for ARQ 197 monotherapy is previously reported. Recent evidence suggests c-Met promotes resistance to EGFR-inhibition by driving ERBB3 (HER3)-dependent PI3K activation. Dual EGFR-Met inhibition is now proposed as a strategy for overcoming resistance to EGFR-inhibition. Methods: Patients (pts) were enrolled in a sequential-cohort dose-escalation trial seeking to define safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), and preliminary anti-tumor activity of A in combination with 150 mg daily oral erlotinib (E). Oral A was administered at escalating doses of 120, 240, and 360 mg bid. Intra-patient dose escalation was allowed in the absence of dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) through 1 cycle of therapy (21 days). Results: 25 pts (10 F/15 M; mean 60.5 yrs) received EA combination with starting A dose of 120 (8 pts), 240 (4 pts), and 360 (13 pts) mg bid. PK data reveal linear kinetics through 360 bid and no evidence of drug-drug interaction. Adverse events (AEs) considered related to combination therapy were reported in 13 (52%) of pts incl.sinus bradycardia (5 pts), fatigue (5 pts), rash (4 pts), itching (3 pts), and diarrhea (3 pts). 2 pts experienced related serious AEs incl. neutropenia (360 bid) and sinus bradycardia (240 bid). 1 death occurring on-study was considered unrelated to study drug. 9/10 evaluable pts demonstrated disease stabilization (SD) as their best RECIST response (5.9–27.1+ wks). Tumor regressions (2.3%-19.4%) were observed in 4/10 evaluable pts. Of note, 3/3 evaluable pts with NSCLC achieved SD for durations (14–32 wks) exceeding median PFS in BR.21 (9.7 wks). Conclusions: Continuous therapy with EA combination appears well tolerated and without drug-drug interaction. While no formal MTD was identified, a phase 2 combination dose (R2PD) of 360 mg bid A + 150 mg daily E is recommended. This RP2D is currently being investigated in an ongoing randomized trial comparing EA to E monotherapy in 2nd/3rd line NSCLC. [Table: see text]
Immunologic Control of a Retrovirus-Associated Murine Adenocarcinoma. VI. Augmentation of Antibody-Dependent Killing Following Quantitative and Qualitative Changes in Host Peritoneal Cells&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: T J Matthews, K J Weinhold, A J Langlois, D P Bolognesi
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

Attempts were made to augment the antibody-dependent killing of the ascitic AD755a tumor in vivo to protect C57BL/6J mice against the outgrowth of larger tumor burdens. The lethal dose for this tumor is less than 100 cells, and antibodies contained in a hyperimmune antitumor serum (HIS) were found to suppress the outgrowth of a maximum of about 5×105 cells. Thioglycollate injected ip increased the number of peritoneal macrophages, potential effectors for antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), by tenfold to fortyfold and raised the maximum treatable tumor challenge (MTTC) to about 4×106 cells. By comparison, ip injection of Corynebacterium parvum increased the total peritoneal cell population by only twofold but raised the MTTC to about 20×106 cells. Neither agent alone had an effect on long-term survival, even at very low tumor inocula (1×103 cells). The protective HIS is known to contain tumor-binding antibodies in each of the IgG1, IgG2A, and IgG2B isotype fractions. Although the IgG2A fraction is far superior in vivo in the suppression of tumor outgrowth, the IgG2A fraction was also found to be most effective in combination with thioglycollate treatment in agreement with the observed preference of thioglycollate-elicited macrophages for this isotype in in vitro killing assays. In contrast following C. parvum treatment, all three isoptype fractions were equally suppressive to tumor outgrowth. A second major change following C. parvum treatment was that tumor cells precoated in vitro with antibodies were effectively eliminated in vivo. The same antibody-coated cells administered to thioglycollate-treated or unmanipulated animals were uniformly lethal even at much lower tumor doses. Taken together these results suggested a major qualitative change in the antibody-dependent tumor-killing process following C. parvum treatment. This change was most likely due to the C. parvum activation of highly lytic effector cells for ADCC, the identity of which was examined in an accompanying manuscript.
Abstract 16731: Family History of Coronary Artery Disease - Does it Differ According to the Types of Coronary Artery Disease?
Authors: Hiroki Teragawa, Yuichi Fujii, Tomohiro Ueda, Shuichi Nomura, Yasuki Kihara
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: It is accepted that the presence of a family history (FH) of coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the risk factors for CAD. However, whether FH has an influence on the various types ...
Phenylthioalkylamines in Experimental Tumor Treatment in Mice&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Victor DiStefano, Irene Evans, Marjorie Myers-Robfogel, James Estes, Stephen A. Godleski
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1983)

Two phenylthioalkylamines, phenylthioethylamine (PTEA) and phenylthiopropylamine (PTPA), were prepared and tested for cytotoxicity in vitro and as antitumor agents in (C57BL X DBA/2)F1 (BDF1) mice. Low concentrations of PTEA (median effective concentrations of 8.0, 12.0, and 1.3 micrograms PTEA/ml) inhibited the growth of P388 murine lymphoma, L1210 leukemia, and B16 melanoma cells in culture. PTPA was more effective; concentrations of 0.80, 0.56, and 0.35 micrograms PTPA/ml inhibited the growth of P388, L1210, and B16 in vitro by 50%. PTEA and PTPA treatment increased survival times in BDF1 mice bearing the P388 lymphoma, L1210 leukemia, B16 melanoma, and Lewis lung tumors. Multiple daily administrations of the test compounds were more effective than single daily injections in increasing the life-span in mice bearing the P388 lymphoma and B16 melanoma. Both PTEA and PTPA inhibited the enzyme copper-zinc superoxide dismutase.
Pan-Cancer Immunogenomic Perspective on the Tumor Microenvironment Based on PD-L1 and CD8 T-Cell Infiltration
Authors: Chan-Young Ock, Bhumsuk Keam, Sehui Kim, Ju-Seog Lee, Miso Kim, Tae Min Kim, Yoon Kyung Jeon, Dong-Wan Kim, Doo Hyun Chung, Dae Seog Heo
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

There is currently no reliable biomarker to predict who would benefit from anti-PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. We comprehensively analyzed the immunogenomic properties in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) according to the classification of tumor into four groups based on PD-L1 status and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte recruitment (TIL), a combination that has been suggested to be a theoretically reliable biomarker of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.The RNA expression levels of PD-L1 and CD8A in the samples in the pan-cancer database of TCGA (N = 9,677) were analyzed. Based on their median values, the samples were classified into four tumor microenvironment immune types (TMIT). The mutational profiles, PD-L1 amplification, and viral association of the samples were compared according to the four TMITs.The proportions of TMIT I, defined by high PD-L1 and CD8A expression, were high in lung adenocarcinoma (67.1%) and kidney clear cell carcinoma (64.8%) among solid cancers. The number of somatic mutations and the proportion of microsatellite instable-high tumor in TMIT I were significantly higher than those in other TMITs, respectively (P < 0.001). PD-L1 amplification and oncogenic virus infection were significantly associated with TMIT I, respectively (P < 0.001). A multivariate analysis confirmed that the number of somatic mutations, PD-L1 amplification, and Epstein-Barr virus/human papillomavirus infection were independently associated with TMIT I.TMIT I is associated with a high mutational burden, PD-L1 amplification, and oncogenic viral infection. This integrative analysis highlights the importance of the assessment of both PD-L1 expression and TIL recruitment to predict responders to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Clin Cancer Res; 22(9); 2261-70. ©2016 AACRSee related commentary by Schalper et al., p. 2102.
The utility of rapid on-site cytological evaluation during endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration
Authors: Mari Yamasue, Akihiko Gotou, Takeo Itou, Hisako Kushima, Jyun-ichi Kadota
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background:  The utility of a rapid on-site cytological evaluation (ROSE) for the assessment of EBUS-TBNA specimens is still unknown.   Objective:  The aim of this study was to explore the utility of ROSE during EBUS-TBNA.   Methods:  This study was a retrospective analysis of 36 patients who had undergone EBUS-TBNA for the diagnosis of mediastinal and/or hilar lymphadenopathy between January 2012 and September 2013. We compared the following points between the groups of patients who underwent EBUS-TBNA with/without ROSE: the length of the examination for EBUS-TBNA, the number of needle aspirations per patient, complications, diagnostic yields and additional examinations needed.   Results:  ROSE was performed in 18 of 36 patients. Available specimens for the diagnosis were obtained from 17 of 18 (94.4%) cases without ROSE and 17 of 18 (94.4%) with ROSE. The on-site diagnosis and final diagnosis were concordant in 11 of 17 (64.0%) cases without ROSE and 13 of 17 (76.4%) with ROSE. There were no significant differences in the diagnostic yield, the number of needle aspirations, the rate of complications or clinical decision making between the two groups. The mean examination for EBUS-TBNA was 31.4 min in cases without ROSE and 18.4 min in those with ROSE (p   Conclusions:  ROSE during EBUS-TBNA could reduce the length of the EBUS-TBNA and make additional examinations unnecessary. ROSE may be a beneficial tool for the management of EBUS-TBNA specimens.
Final Overall Survival (Os) Analysis from the Cleopatra Study of First-Line (1L) Pertuzumab (Ptz), Trastuzumab (T), and Docetaxel (D) in Patients (Pts) with Her2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer (Mbc)
Authors: S. Swain, S. Kim, J. Cortes, J. Ro, V. Semiglazov, M. Campone, E. Ciruelos, J. Ferrero, A. Schneeweiss, S. Heeson, E. Clark, G. Ross, M.C. Benyunes, J. Baselga
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Overall Survival and Durable Responses in Patients With <i>BRAF</i> V600–Mutant Metastatic Melanoma Receiving Dabrafenib Combined With Trametinib
Authors: Georgina V. Long, Jeffrey S. Weber, Jeffrey R. Infante, Kevin B. Kim, Adil Daud, Rene Gonzalez, Jeffrey A. Sosman, Omid Hamid, Lynn Schuchter, Jonathan Cebon, Richard F. Kefford, Donald Lawrence, Ragini Kudchadkar, Howard A. Burris, Gerald S. Falchook, Alain Algazi, Karl Lewis, Igor Puzanov, Nageatte Ibrahim, Peng Sun, Elizabeth Cunningham, Amy S. Kline, Heather Del Buono, Diane Opatt McDowell, Kiran Patel, Keith T. Flaherty
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

Purpose To report the overall survival (OS) and clinical characteristics of BRAF inhibitor–naive long-term responders and survivors treated with dabrafenib plus trametinib in a phase I and II study of patients with BRAF V600 mutation–positive metastatic melanoma. Methods BRAF inhibitor–naive patients treated with dabrafenib 150 mg twice daily plus trametinib 2 mg daily (the 150/2 group) from the non–randomly assigned (part B) and randomly assigned (part C) cohorts of the study were analyzed for progression-free and OS separately. Baseline characteristics and factors on treatment were analyzed for associations with durable responses and OS. Results For BRAF inhibitor–naive patients in the 150/2 groups (n = 78), the progression-free survival at 1, 2, and 3 years was 44%, 22%, and 18%, respectively, for part B (n = 24) and 41%, 25%, and 21%, respectively, for part C (n = 54). Median OS was 27.4 months in part B and 25 months in part C. OS at 1, 2, and 3 years was 72%, 60%, and 47%, respectively, for part B and 80%, 51%, and 38%, respectively, for part C. Prolonged survival was associated with metastases in fewer than three organ sites and lower baseline lactate dehydrogenase. OS at 3 years was 62% in patients with normal baseline lactate dehydrogenase and 63% in patients with a complete response. Conclusion Dabrafenib plus trametinib results in a median OS of more than 2 years in BRAF inhibitor–naive patients with BRAF V600 mutation–positive metastatic melanoma, and approximately 20% were progression free at 3 years. Durable responses occurred in patients with good prognostic features at baseline, which may be predictive.
Retrospective Observational Study to Evaluate Long-Term Effectiveness and Safety of Omalizumab Treatment in Real-Life Setting in Allergy Centre of Spain
Authors: Dorkas Margarita Marquez Hernandez, Jose A. Bastidas, Lys Herraez, Elena Mederos, A. Enriquez Matas, Ruth Mielgo Ballesteros, Consuelo Fernandez
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Is tamoxifen alone adequate therapy in very young Chinese women with operable breast cancer?
Authors: S. Wang, Hua Yang, Wei Ou, Haibo Sun, Qin Fang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e11068 Background: Breast cancer occurs earlier in Chinese women than in Caucasian women. We have compared the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis in very young and older premenopausal women with breast cancer in south China. Methods: We separated 907 consecutive premenopausal patients with first diagnosis of breast cancer surgically treated at the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from October 2003 to December 2006 into a very young group (189 [13.7%]; ≤ 35 years old) and an older group (716 [52.0%]; 35–57 years old). Approximately 90% of patients received adjuvant chemotherapy and hormonal therapy with tamoxifen for hormone receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer. We retrospectively compared the clinicopathologic factors and survival rates of these two groups. Results: The 3-year disease-free survival rate (78.0% vs. 89.1%, p < 0.001) and 3-year overall survival rate (94.3% vs. 96.8%, p = 0.10) were poorer in the very young group. Moreover, the 3-year overall survival rate (p = 0.020) and disease-free survival rate (p < 0.001) were significantly poorer in HR-positive patients in the very young group while there was no significant difference in outcomes between the HR-negative groups. Conclusions: In China, age younger than 35 years is an independent predictor of breast cancer recurrence. In very young women with HR-positive breast cancer, chemotherapy plus tamoxifen alone may not be adequate standard treatment. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Artificial Capillary Culture Studies of Human Tumor Cell Growth, Differentiation, and Marker Production&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: M C Wiemann, D L Dexter, P Calabresi
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1987)

The morphological characteristics and the production of biochemical markers were determined for 8 human tumor cell lines grown in artificial capillary culture. Comparisons were made with nude mouse xenografts and conventional monolayer or suspension cultures. Capillary histologies reproduced the features of neoplastic differentiation and glandular formation exhibited by the original human tumors and xenografts. The concentrations of specific biochemical markers, such as carcinoembryonic antigen, aspartate aminotransferase, and immunoglobulin, were higher in the pericellular culture medium in capillary culture. The capillary environment influenced the expression of biochemical heterogeneity by the DLD-1 colon carcinoma cell line and its derivative clones. Spontaneous differentiation of K562 leukemia cells was increased in the capillary system. These results indicate that the artificial capillary is a useful and relevant system for the study of cultured human tumor cells.
B형간염바이러스 유전자형의 국내 분포에 대한 연구
Authors: 조지현 ( Ji Hyun Cho ), 윤귀현 ( Kui Hyun Yoon ), 이기은 ( Key Earn Lee ), 박도심 ( Do Sim Park ), 이영진 ( Young Jin Lee ), 문형배 ( Hyung Bae Moon ), 이경률 ( Kyoung R. Lee ), 최창수 ( Chang Soo Choi ), 조은영 ( Eun Young Cho ), 김학철 ( Haak Cheoul Kim )
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2009)