tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A diastolic mid-echo in torn chordae tendineae of the mitral valve.
Authors: Toshihiro Nishimura, Hajime Kotoura, Masaaki Takahashi, Genta Osakada, Chuichi Kawai
Journal: Circulation (1983)

Echocardiographic studies were performed on 3 patients with torn chordae tendineae of the mitral valve proven by open heart surgery or during autopsy. Mitral regurgitation was noted after episodes of bacterial endocarditis in 3 patients; one had had rheumatic valvular disease before the episode. Conventional M-mode echocardiograms showed coarse diastolic fluttering of the mitral valve, multiple mitral valve echoes in systole, and diastolic mid-echoes between both anterior and posterior leaflets. The last pattern was found in all 3 patients. There was only one patient with an unusual systolic echo in the left atrium. Two-dimensional echocardiograms from 2 patients revealed an abnormal echo in the left ventricle in diastole which moved into the left atrium in systole, slightly beyond the closure line of the mitral valve. This moving abnormal echo observed in two-dimensional echograms presumably originated from torn chordae tendineae and was consistent with the diastolic mid-echo noted in M-mode echograms. Thus, the diastolic mid-echo of the mitral valve by M-mode echocardiography is an important finding in the diagnosis of torn chordae tendineae of the mitral valve, and two-dimensional echocardiography can identify the movement of torn chorda itself.
Abstract 16990: An Interarm Difference in Brachial Pressure Greater than 10 mmHg Highly Significantly Predicts Peripheral Arterial Disease Independently of Clinic and Self-Measured Home Blood Pressures: Japan Morning Surge-Home Blood Pressure (J-HOP) Vascular Study
Authors: Masahisa Shimpo, Satoshi Hoshide, Michiaki Nagai, Joji Ishikawa, Kazuo Eguchi, Kazuomi Kario
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background:  A greater interarm difference in brachial systolic pressure (IAD-SBP) and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is associated with risk for cardiovascular events and mortality. However, it remains unclear whether or not IAD-SBP predicts PAD independently of cardiovascular risk factors, including clinic and self-measured home BPs.   Objective:  The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the IAD-SBP and PAD and to identify the threshold of IAD-SBP for predicting PAD in high-risk patients.   Methods:  The study subjects of the J-HOP Vascular Study were 2396 participants of the J-HOP Study with one or more cardiovascular risk factors (n=4019). The BP was measured simultaneously in both arms and ankles using an automated device (Omlon-Colin Inc., Japan), and the interarm BP difference was calculated as the absolute difference between the right and left brachial systolic BP.   Results:  The prevalence of PAD (ABI   Conclusion:  The interarm difference in brachial systolic pressure is a simple and valuable predictor of PAD independently of clinic and self-measured home BP in a population with cardiovascular risk factors. The most precise predictive threshold of interarm difference was 10 mmHg, which predicted PAD with an odds ratio of 8.
Migration Stimulating Factor (MSF/FN70): a genetically truncated fibronectin expressed by carcinoma and tumor-associated stromal cells
Authors: S.L. Schor, I.R. Ellis, S.J. Jones, K. Seneviratne, R. Baillie, J. Clausen, K. Motegi, Bořivoj Vojtěšek, Kateřina Kaňková, E. Furrie, M.J. Sales, A.M. Schor, R.A. Kay
Journal: Cancer Research (2003)

Migration-stimulating factor (MSF) is a 70-kDa motogenic protein previously reported to be expressed by fetal and cancer patient fibroblasts cultured in vitro and present in the serum of breast cancer patients. A 2.2-kb  MSF cDNA has been cloned and shown to be a truncated isoform of fibronectin generated from its primary gene transcript by a hitherto unrecognized intron read-through mechanism. MSF cDNA is identical to the 5' end of fibronectin cDNA, up to and including exon III-1a, and terminates in a novel 195-nucleotide 3' sequence. This MSF unique sequence is derived from the intron immediately downstream of exon III-1a in the fibronectin gene and is not found in any previously identified full-length fibronectin cDNA. MSF mRNA is 1000-fold less abundant than  fibronectin message in fetal fibroblasts and exhibits rapid biphasic decay kinetics previously associated with oncogenes and stress response molecules. MSF recombinant protein exhibits a potent and substratum-dependent motogenic activity, with half-maximal response manifest at 0.1-1.0 pg/ml. This activity is (a) mediated by the IGD amino acid motif; and (b) not expressed by (i.e., cryptic within)  fibronectin. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry confirm that MSF is expressed by tumor-associated fibroblasts and additionally indicate that it is also expressed by carcinoma cells and tumor-associated vascular endothelial cells. MSF, as a consequence of its potent bioactivities and expression by both stromal and carcinoma cell populations, is well placed to function as an epigenetic effector promoting cancer development.
Long term analysis of recurrences in patients treated by multimodality approach for local treatment of early rectal cancer—Liverpool’s Experience
Authors: A. Sun Myint, F. Elam, A. McDonald, M. J. Hershman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

18539 Background: Local treatment of early rectal cancer with curative intent is highly controversial. Three years ago, we reported our results in 100 patients treated by multimodality approach. We have updated our results and analyse the pattern of recurrences in155 patients treated up to 2005 Methods: From Jan 1992 to Jan 2005, local treatment was offered to 155 patients with low rectal carcinoma. The majority of patients were elderly with the mean age of 76 years( range 33–101). There were 87 males and 68 females. 109 had surgery; TEM (79 patients) and TAR(30 patients). Forty six patients had radical radiotherapy alone.Locally treated patients were followed up regularly with DRE and sigmoidoscopy. CT and MRI scans were done at 0,12 and 24 months. Results: Local recurrence only occured in 13 patients (8.3%). Four patients had local and distant recurrence (2.5%). Overall local recurrence occured in 17 patients (10.8 %). Salvage surgery was carried out in 11 patients(10 APER and 1 local excision). Two had retreatment with Papillon. A total of 13 patients had salvage treatments (76.5%). At median follow-up of 40 months (range 12–168) only 72.7% of patients were still alive. Five patients (3.2%) developed distant metastases only and one had nodal recurrence. Cancer specific survival was 96% and colostomy free survival was 93%. Conclusions: Local treatment of early rectal cancer is a complex issue that needs to be address and discuss. As ageing populationis likely to increased in the next decade demands on local treatment will increase. It is important to balance the benefits of radical surgery in terms of lower local recurrence against increase mortality and morbidity from such procedures especially in elderly patients, versus slightly higher local recurrences and much lower mortality and morbidity from conservative treatments such as TEM and Papillon contact radical radiotherapy. Our study has shown that local treatment is safe and effective treatment for elderly patients with medical co morbidity. In our experience, salvage surgery can be offered for recurrences in the majority of patients but long term close follow-up is necessary. A careful case selection and multimodality treatment is essential for successful out come. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
MicroRNAs Distinguish Burkitt Lymphoma from the Molecular Subsets of Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma.
Authors: Cassandra L. Jacobs, Anand S. Lagoo, Raj C Dash, Adekunle Raji, Andrew M Evens, Jane N. Winter, Leo I. Gordon, Brad S Kahl, Magdalena Czader, Gopesh Srivastava, Karen P. Mann, Javed Gill, David Rizzieri, Sandeep Dave
Journal: Blood (2008)
Prediction Of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (allo-HSCT) Related Mortality in Acute Leukemia: Generation Of a Machine Learning-Based Model Using The Data Set of The Acute Leukemia Working Party (ALWP) Of The EBMT
Authors: Roni Shouval, Myriam Labopin, Ori Bondi, Hila Mishan Shamay, Avichai Shimoni, Fabio Ciceri, Jordi Esteve, Sebastian Giebel, Norbert-Claude Gorin, Christoph Schmid, Imane Zakaria, Leila Moukhtari, Emmanuelle Polge, Mahmoud Al-Jurf, Nicolaus Kröger, Charles Craddock, Andrea Bacigalupo, Jan Cornelissen, Frederic Baron, Ron Unger, Arnon Nagler, Mohamad Mothy
Journal: Blood (2013)
The <i>Moving Beyond Cancer</i> trial: A psycho educational intervention for women with breast cancer
Authors: A. L. Stanton, P. A. Ganz, J. E. Bower, L. Kwan, B. E. Meyerowitz, J. H. Rowland, J. L. Krupnick
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

8011 Background: Over two million women are living with a history of breast cancer in the US. The transition from patient to survivor, also termed the re-entry transition, is an understudied period in the cancer trajectory. The Moving Beyond Cancer trial is a multi-site randomized, controlled trial of a re-entry intervention for early-stage breast cancer patients. Methods: Patients were registered for the study within 6 weeks after surgery and followed until medical treatment completion, whereupon they were administered baseline measures and randomized to one of three arms: (1) written information (NCI's Facing Forward; CTL), (2) Facing Forward plus videotape that modeled active coping and provided information about what to expect in re-entry (VIDEO), and (3) Facing Forward, videotape, two manual-guided educational sessions with a trained cancer educator, and an in-depth written resource guide (EDUC). In the sessions, women identified a primary cancer-related concern and developed an action plan. Because fatigue and cancer-related intrusive thoughts are common during re-entry, standardized measures of these constructs at 6-month follow-up were primary outcomes. Results: Findings in the sample of 418 women (M age = 56.9 years) revealed that fatigue evidenced a significantly larger decrease in the VIDEO versus the CTL condition over the 6 months post-intervention (\(\underline{\mathrm{p}}\) = .034), with a decline of approximately half a standard deviation in the VIDEO group. Women in the EDUC group reported a significantly greater decrease in cancer-related intrusive thoughts than CTL participants at 6-month follow-up (\(\underline{\mathrm{p}}\) = .033), but only if they reported at baseline feeling well prepared for the re-entry transition. Conclusions: The peer-modeling video and educational intervention used in this trial represent promising interventions in their ability to influence important outcomes in the re-entry transition for early-stage breast cancer patients. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration National Cancer Institute
A phase II multicenter study of combination chemotherapy with capecitabine (C) and intravenous (iv) vinorelbine (V) in patients (pts) with pretreated metastatic breast cancer (MBC)
Authors: A. J. Davis, C. R. Lewis, E. J. Moylan, F. X. Parnis, S. E. Brew, S. P. Ackland
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

10665 Background: MBC pts have often already received, or are inappropriate for, anthracyclines and taxanes. 5-Fluorouracil and vinorelbine is an active, well tolerated combination regimen. Capecitabine (C), a fluoropyrimidine carbamate derivative, has the advantage of oral administration. The aim of this study is to determine the efficacy and safety of C and iv vinorelbine (V) in pts with MBC. Methods: Between May 2003-June 2005 21pts with pretreated MBC, maximum of 1 prior metastatic regimen, received C 1000mg/m 2 bd day 1–14 and V 25 mg/m 2 iv d1+ d8 q21 days. All pts had measurable disease (RECIST), baseline KPS ≥ 80% and adequate baseline organ function. The primary endpoint was response; secondary endpoints were time to progression (TTP), duration of response, survival and safety. Results: Median age was 56 years (range 38–73); median KPS 90%. All pts had received anthracyclines and 62% taxanes. 20pts were evaluable for response and 21 for toxicity. Objective responses were seen in 7/20 (35%) (95% CI 18–57%), including 2 CR, and stable disease (SD) in 4/20 (20%) (95% CI 8–42%). Median duration of response was 6.9 mths (95% CI 4.7–13.1); TTP 5.8 mths (95% CI 2.8–6.8) and survival 12.2 mths (95% CI 8.7–15.7), with a median followup of 12.2 mths. The main toxicity was haematological with 15 episodes of G3 and one G4 neutropenia in 10 pts and 1 pt respectively and 2 episodes of G3 febrile neutropenia in 1 pt. Other G3 toxicities included diarrhoea, fatigue and hypokaleamia in 2 pts each and headache, anorexia, stomatitis, dehydration, and peripheral neuropathy in 1 pt each. There were no other G4 toxicities or treatment related deaths. The median dose intensity of C was 7941mg/m 2 /wk (85% of intended, range 51–102%) and for V 12.4 mg/m 2 /wk (75% of intended, range 48–100%). Conclusion: The combination of capecitabine and iv vinorelbine is active and generally well tolerated in pts with pretreated MBC. The recent availability of oral vinorelbine provides an opportunity to explore a fully oral combination chemotherapy regimen for pts with MBC. [Table: see text]
Effects of Parathyroid Hormone and Alendronate Alone or in Combination in Osteoporosis
Authors: Toshihiro Sugiyama, Hiroshi Tanaka, Shinya Kawai
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

Effects of Parathyroid Hormone and Alendronate Alone or in Combination in Osteoporosisto the editor: Both Black et al. 1 and Finkelstein et al. 2 (Sept.25 issue) measured markers of bone turnover, but neither group took osteoprotegerin into consideration as a possibly relevant player in bone remodeling.Osteoprotegerin, a secreted member of the family of tumor necrosis factor receptors, is a potent inhibitor of osteoclast activation and differentiation. 3,4 In patients with osteoporosis, osteoprotegerin has been found to correlate strongly with markers of bone turnover 5 -a finding that may point toward a higher level of osteoprotegerin expression in patients with a higher level of these markers.In limited experimental settings, the serum osteoprotegerin level has been found to be increased in Paget's disease and to be decreased after treatment with tiludronate, a common bisphosphonate. 6Osteoprotegerin and receptor activator of nuclear factor-k B (RANK) have been identified as important determinants of increased bone resorption induced by estrogen deficiency. 7Taking these relevant findings into consideration, we suspect that there is a potential interaction among bone mineral density, changes in the serum alkaline phosphate level, other possible markers of bone turnover, and the serum level of osteoprotegerin -an interaction that perhaps should be considered in further studies on this issue.
Use of fast orthogonal search to predict chemotherapy-induced leukopenia
Authors: E. Shirdel, M. Korenberg, Y. Madarnas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

706 Background: Myelosuppression is the predominant DLT of chemotherapy (CT). Growth factors (GF) can reduce the incidence and severity of myelosuppression, but are neither necessary nor cost-effective for all patients on CT. Attempts at developing a predictive model to identify patients at risk for severe myelosuppression have been unsuccessful to date. A reliable model to identify at risk patients early would allow closer monitoring and timely introduction of GF support. We propose using a nonlinear mathematical model, Fast Orthogonal Search (FOS), to achieve this goal. Methods: Women receiving adjuvant CMF (n=15), CEF (n=14), or CAF (n=6) for early breast cancer were selected from a single clinical practice. All were managed in a homogeneous fashion and GF support was introduced only as secondary prophylaxis. Using data from the electronic patient record, patients (pts) were retrospectively classified into high and low risk (HR/LR) categories. HR if: any hospitalization, ≥3 delays, any delay >40 days, delay at cycle 2, day 8 of any cycle not given, or any dose reduction in the first 3 cycles; LR if: no event, or delay beyond cycle 3. Pts meeting neither HR nor LR criteria were deemed medium risk and excluded from the analysis. Using complete blood count values from cycle 1 (baseline, day 8, day 28), the FOS model was trained on 14 randomly selected pts evenly split between HR and LR groups, and validated on a separate set of 14, together with an independent set of 7. Results: The model correctly classified 19 of the 21 pts. None of the LR and only 2 of the HR pts were misclassified, Fisher’s exact test p<0.00023 (2-tailed) and Matthews’ correlation coefficient φ = +0.83. The model was re-built switching the initial testing and training sets, leaving the independent 7 pts as part of the testing procedure. The model correctly classified 17 out of 21 pts. Four of the 10 LR pts were misclassified and none of the 11 HR were misclassified, Fisher’s exact test p<0.0039 (2-tailed) and Matthews’ correlation coefficient φ = +0.66. Conclusions: FOS might be applied to prospectively identify pts at high-risk for neutropenia. Further studies are needed to replicate this work on a separate larger data set, and define its reproducibility in the setting of other chemotherapy regimens. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Molecular profiling of advanced biliary cancer: Lost in translation from bench to bedside.
Authors: Mark Doherty, Joanne Wing-Yan Chiu, Mairead Geraldine McNamara, Anne M. Horgan, Stefano Serra, Suzanne Kamel-Reid, Tong Zhang, Philippe L. Bedard, David W. Hedley, Neesha C. Dhani, Raymond Woo-Jun Jang, Jennifer J. Knox
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

283 Background: Advanced Biliary Cancer (ABC) is a collection of diseases which carry poor prognosis, and many patients derive limited benefit from chemotherapy. Identification of molecular drivers of ABC may help to predict treatment response and direct development of targeted therapy. Methods: Formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue form patients with ABC treated at Princess Margaret Cancer Centre was analysed by MassARRAY Sequenom panel (23 genes, 279 mutations), or by next general sequencing (NGS) using Proton or Illumina MiSeq TruSeq Amplicon Cancer Panel (48 genes, 212 amplicons, ≥500x coverage). Clinicopathologic and treatment data were collected from electronic health records. Results: Of 112 tested patients, 16 had insufficient DNA, and 96 had data for analysis: 13 with ampullary cancer (AC), 19 with hilar/distal bile duct (DBD), 43 with gallbladder (GBC), and 21 with intrahepatic (IHC). 13 patients had Sequenom testing, 85 had NGS with Miseq or Proton. 127 mutations were identified in 60 patients, 36 had no mutations detected: 23 in AC, 54 in GBC, 24 in IHC, 26 in DBD. The most frequent mutations were in TP53 (34%) and KRAS (20%). TP53 and SMAD4 mutations appeared most common in GBC, BRAF and KRAS mutations were most common in AC, and IDH1 and FGFR2mutations were seen only in IHC. 14 patients (15%) had a mutation for which targeted treatment could be applied. Conclusions: Profiling of patients with ABC is feasible and can identify some molecular drivers, with different tumour sites demonstrating distinct biological patterns. Only a limited number of patients are shown to have clinically relevant mutations with current NGS techniques, suggesting additional techniques (whole genome/RNA sequencing) may be required to fully characterise these diseases and identify new therapeutic targets. [Table: see text]
Mitoxantrone plus docetaxel vs single agent mitoxantrone in metastatic breast cancer (MBC): Results of a multicenter randomized trial
Authors: E. Heidemann, G. V. Minckwitz, N. Holländer, R. Souchon, M. Clemens, M. Mahlke, B. Eggeling, A. Marseille, G. Krekeler, M. Kaufmann
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

637 Background: The benefits of combination therapy vs less toxic single agent therapy for MBC have not been well defined. This prospective, randomized, multicenter phase IV trial compared mitroxantrone plus docetaxel (MDoc) versus mitroxantrone alone (M) as first-line therapy for MBC. Methods: High-risk, chemotherapy-naïve, patients (pts) with MBC aged <35 years, with liver/lung/other metastases, or disease-free interval <18 months, were randomized to either M (12 mg/m2 q3w) for up to 6 cycles plus Doc (80 mg/m2 q3w) until progressive disease (PD) for up to 6 cycles, or to M (12 mg/m2 q3w) administered until complete response (plus 2 cycles), PD, or a cumulative dose of 160 mg/m2 had been reached. Second-line treatment was determined by each study center. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS); secondary endpoints were time to progression (TTP), response, Brunner-Score and safety. Results: Between June 1997 and December 2001, 179 pts were randomized to MDoc (n=90) or M (n=89). Pts were observed until the end of 2003. For the intent-to-treat population (n=176; 3 pts excluded because of insufficient data) the median TTP was 8.0 months (95% CI: 7.4−8.9) for MDoc and 4.4 months (95% CI: 3.2−7.3) for M (log-rank test, p=0.01). OS was higher for MDoc compared with M but for the first 18 months after starting therapy only. The 2-year survival rate was the same for both treatment regimens. Median OS was 17.2 months (95% CI: 14.8−20.4) for MDoc vs 15.6 months (95% CI: 12.2−20.3) for M (log-rank test, p=0.84). Conclusions: MDoc increases TTP and is associated with a higher OS rate than M for the first 18 months of therapy. Toxicity results and a comparison of the two treatment regimens using Brunner's modified score of TTP, pt rating of treatment benefit, alopecia, vomiting, and WHO performance status will be available for ASCO 2004. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Aventis; Wyeth Pharma Aventis Pharma Germany Aventis Pharma Germany
Lesson of the week: Malaria at Christmas: risks of prophylaxis versus risks of malaria
Authors: A J C Reid, C J M Whitty, H M Ayles, R M Jennings, B A Bovill, J M Felton, R H Behrens, A D M Bryceson, D C W Mabey
Journal: BMJ (1998)

A large increase in the number of falciparum malaria cases imported into the UK was reported to the malaria reference laboratory in the first quarter of 1998. Contributory factors were unusually heavy rains in east Africa and a reduction in the use of the most effective antimalarial drug, mefloquine. There was also an increase in the number of cases of severe malaria in the UK. During December 1997 and January 1998, the Hospital for Tropical Diseases, London, treated 5 patients for severe malaria and gave advice on 20 more patients with malaria who had been admitted to intensive care units throughout England. 4 of the severe cases treated at the hospital are reported. In 3 of those 4 cases, incorrect, misleading, or inadequate advice was given by health care professionals. Media coverage of the adverse effects of antimalarial drugs has contributed to confusion about prophylactic regimens among both health care professionals and the public. The incidence of falciparum malaria among travellers who do not take prophylactic drugs is about 0.6% in east Africa and 3.5% in west Africa over a 2-week travel period. Travellers need to take measures to avoid being bitten by mosquitoes and should be taught to promptly seek medical help if they develop a fever while abroad or after they return. Moreover, using any one of the recommended prophylactic regimens is better than not using a potent regimen or no prophylaxis at all. Mefloquine is 90% protective against malaria in sub-Saharan Africa. While the efficacy of proguanil and chloroquine in 1987 was about 70% in west Africa and 50% in east Africa, those levels are now probably lower. The side effects of antimalarial drugs are discussed.