tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells producing IL-3 and IL-5 in non-IgE-mediated eosinophilic diseases
Authors: C. Stoeckle, H.-U. Simon
Journal: Allergy (2013)

The cytokines IL-5, IL-3, and GM-CSF are crucial for eosinophil development, survival, and function. To better understand their role in non-IgE-mediated eosinophilic diseases, we investigated plasma levels of these cytokines as well as cytokine expression in peripheral blood T cells. While we did not find any evidence for an involvement of T-cell-derived GM-CSF, some of these patients did show an increased proportion of IL-5- or IL-3-producing CD4+ T cells. However, in a significant proportion of patients, IL-5-producing CD8+ T cells, so-called Tc2 cells, which in healthy donors can only be detected at very low levels, were prominent. Furthermore, increased IL-3 production by CD8+ T cells was also observed, strongly supporting the notion that CD8+ T cells, not just CD4+ T cells, must also be considered as a potential source of the cytokines promoting eosinophilia.
The Emerging Role of MicroRNAs in Cardiac Remodeling and Heart Failure
Authors: Vijay Divakaran, Douglas L. Mann
Journal: Circulation Research (2008)

Recent studies have suggested a potentially important role for a family of tiny regulatory RNAs, known as microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs), in the control of diverse aspects of cardiac function in health and disease. Although the field of miRNA biology is relatively new, there is emerging evidence that miRNAs may play an important role in the pathogenesis of heart failure through their ability to regulate the expression levels of genes that govern the process of adaptive and maladaptive cardiac remodeling. Here, we review the biology of miRNAs in relation to their role in modulating various aspects of the process of cardiac remodeling, as well as discuss the potential application of miRNA biology to the field of heart failure.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDIATORS BETWEEN PAIN AND SELF-REPORTED HEALTH IN ELITE ATHLETIC ATHLETES: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY TO INFORM OVERUSE INJURY PREVENTION
Authors: T Timpka, Ö Dahlström, M Bergdahl, D Lundgren, V Bargoria, J Jacobsson
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2014)

Background Understanding how sensations of pain affect health status appraisal among athletics athletes is of importance for prevention of overuse injuries. Identification of psychological mediators of the association opens for new intervention possibilities. Objective To examine psychological mediators of the association between pain and self-reported health in elite athletics athletes. Design Cross-sectional study using e-epidemiological survey methods. Setting Swedish male and female youth and adult elite athletics athletes. Participants Athletics athletes ranked in the national top-10 were invited (n=301). 226 (75%) athletes returned complete data. Risk factor assessment Pain measured on a 3-graded scale; the psychological mediators perceived motivational climate (measured by the PMCSQ), coping behavior (Brief Cope), body consciousness and hyperactivity (BCS-ADHD), and commitment to exercise (CES). Main outcome easurements Self-reported health (EuroQol-5D). Results 85 (38%) athletes reported experiencing pain at the time of the study. The level of pain was associated with the self-reported health (P&lt;.001); the strength of the association did not differ between men and women (P=.720). A multi-component model of psychological elements mediating the association between pain and self-rated health included body competence (Mediation Effect (ME) −1.053 (90% CI −2.025 – −0.082), private body consciousness (ME –0.744 (90% CI –1.478 – −0.010), and a perceived motivational climate endorsing mastery (ME –0.623 (90% CI –1.229 – −0.017). No influence from gender or age on the mediating effects could be statistically confirmed. Conclusions Awareness of internal sensations (private body consciousness), an affirmative evaluation of own body functions (body competence), and a perceived endorsement of athletic development (mastery) augmented the influence of pain on self-reported health among elite athletic athletes. This paradoxical observation warrants further investigation in prospective studies on associations between pain, perceived health, athlete and coach behaviors, and overuse injury in elite athletics athletes.
Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Recent Advances and Future Directions in Endocrine Manipulation of Breast Cancer
Authors: Steven E. Come, Aman U. Buzdar, Carlos L. Arteaga, Mina J. Bissell, Myles A. Brown, Matthew J. Ellis, Paul E. Goss, Jeffrey E. Green, James N. Ingle, Adrian V. Lee, Daniel Medina, Robert I. Nicholson, Richard J. Santen, Rachel Schiff, Carol S. Hart
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2004)

The Third International Conference on Recent Advances and Future Directions in Endocrine Manipulation of Breast Cancer, cochaired by Steven Come, MD, and Aman Buzdar, MD, was held in Cambridge, Massachusetts, June 21–22, 2003.

The conference was organized with the objective of analyzing recent
The use of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic end points to determine the dose of AQ4N, a novel hypoxic cell cytotoxin, given with fractionated radiotherapy in a phase I study
Authors: W.P. Steward, M. Middleton, A. Benghiat, P.M. Loadman, C. Hayward, S. Waller, S. Ford, G. Halbert, L.H. Patterson, D. Talbot
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2007)
Narrowband ultraviolet B course improves vitamin D balance in women in winter
Authors: K. Vähävihu, L. Ylianttila, H. Kautiainen, H. Viljakainen, C. Lamberg-Allardt, T. Hasan, P. Tuohimaa, T. Reunala, E. Snellman
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Background Vitamin D insufficiency is common in winter in the Nordic countries. Objectives To examine whether a short course of narrowband ultraviolet B (NB‐UVB) improves vitamin D balance. Methods Fifty‐six healthy, white women (mean age 41 years) volunteered and 53 completed the study. NB‐UVB exposures were given on seven consecutive days either on the whole body (n =19), on the head and arms (n =9) or on the abdomen (n =14). Similarly, seven solar simulator exposures were given on the face and arms (n =11). The cumulative UVB dose was 13 standard erythema doses in all regimens. Serum calcidiol (25‐hydroxyvitamin D) concentration was measured by radioimmunoassay before and after the NB‐UVB exposures. Follow‐up samples were taken from the whole‐body NB‐UVB group at 2 months. Results At onset 41 women (77%) had vitamin D insufficiency (calcidiol < 50 nmol L−1) and six (11%) had vitamin D deficiency (calcidiol < 25 nmol L−1). Calcidiol concentration increased significantly, by a mean of 11·4 nmol L−1 when NB‐UVB was given on the whole body, by 11·0 nmol L−1 when given on the head and arms and by 4·0 nmol L−1 when given on the abdomen. Solar simulator exposures given on the face and arms increased calcidiol by 3·8 nmol L−1. After 2 months serum calcidiol was still higher than initially in the group who received NB‐UVB exposures on the whole body. Conclusions NB‐UVB exposures given on seven consecutive days on different skin areas of healthy women significantly improved serum calcidiol concentration. A short low‐dose NB‐UVB course can improve vitamin D balance in winter.
Ptpn11/Shp2 Acts as a Tumor Suppressor in Hepatocellular Carcinogenesis
Authors: Emilie A. Bard-Chapeau, Shuangwei Li, Jin Ding, Sharon S. Zhang, Helen H. Zhu, Frederic Princen, Diane D. Fang, Tao Han, Beatrice Bailly-Maitre, Valeria Poli, Nissi M. Varki, Hongyang Wang, Gen-Sheng Feng
Journal: Cancer Cell (2011)
New treatments for mitochondrial disease—no time to drop our standards
Authors: Gerald Pfeffer, Rita Horvath, Thomas Klopstock, Vamsi K. Mootha, Anu Suomalainen, Saskia Koene, Michio Hirano, Massimo Zeviani, Laurence A. Bindoff, Patrick Yu-Wai-Man, Michael Hanna, Valerio Carelli, Robert McFarland, Kari Majamaa, Douglas M. Turnbull, Jan Smeitink, Patrick F. Chinnery
Journal: Nature Reviews Neurology (2013)
Genome-wide expression profiles identify potential targets for gene-environment interactions in asthma severity
Authors: Joanne E. Sordillo, Roxanne Kelly, Supinda Bunyavanich, Michael McGeachie, Weiliang Qiu, Damien C. Croteau-Chonka, Manuel Soto-Quiros, Lydiana Avila, Juan C. Celedón, John M. Brehm, Scott T. Weiss, Diane R. Gold, Augusto A. Litonjua
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
Viruses as therapeutic agents. I. Treatment of nonobese insulin-dependent diabetes mice with virus prevents insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus while maintaining general immune competence.
Authors: M B Oldstone
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1990)

A situation in which virus can be used as a therapeutic agent to prevent a lethal autoimmune disease is explored. Nonobese insulin-dependent diabetes (NOD) mice spontaneously develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), characterized by lymphocytic infiltration into the islets of Langerhans and beta cell destruction, resulting in hypoinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, ketoacidosis, and death. Infection of NOD mice with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) aborts the autoimmune manifestations and resultant IDDM. The viruses' effect is on a subset of CD4+ lymphocytes. Ablating this autoimmune diabetes does not significantly alter immune responses to a variety of non-LCMV antigens that require CD4+ lymphocyte participation. The prevention of IDDM associated with viral therapy is maintained throughout the life spans of NOD mice.
Maximum-Likelihood Approach for Gene Family Evolution Under Functional Divergence
Authors: Xun Gu
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2001)

According to the observed alignment pattern (i.e., amino acid configuration), we studied two basic types of functional divergence of a protein family. Type I functional divergence after gene duplication results in altered functional constraints (i.e., different evolutionary rate) between duplicate genes, whereas type II results in no altered functional constraints but radical change in amino acid property between them (e.g., charge, hydrophobicity, etc.). Two statistical approaches, i.e., the subtree likelihood and the whole-tree likelihood, were developed for estimating the coefficients of (type I or type II) functional divergence. Numerical algorithms for obtaining maximum-likelihood estimates are also provided. Moreover, a posterior-based site-specific profile is implemented to predict critical amino acid residues that are responsible for type I and/or type II functional divergence after gene duplication. We compared the current likelihood with a fast method developed previously by examples; both show similar results. For handling altered functional constraints (type I functional divergence) in the large gene family with many member genes (clusters), which appears to be a normal case in postgenomics, the subtree likelihood provides a solution that is computationally feasible and robust against the uncertainty of the phylogeny. The cost of this feasibility is the approximation when frequencies of amino acids are very skewed. The potential bias and correction are discussed.
Predicting Outcome in Patients With Asymptomatic Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Erin E. Coglianese, Ravin Davidoff
Journal: Circulation (2009)

A lthough the annual risk of cardiovascular mortality has been well described for individuals with symptomatic aortic stenosis, the morbidity and mortality for those with asymptomatic severe aortic stenosis is not as well known.Currently the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology recommends a "watchful waiting" strategy for those with asymptomatic aortic stenosis. 1This involves clinical examinations every 6 to 12 months and annual echocardiograms; however, it is unclear what to do with these data in the patient who remains asymptomatic.The asymptomatic patient is generally not referred for aortic valve replacement surgery until the development of symptoms (unless concurrent coronary artery bypass grafting is required or if systolic dysfunction develops).
Prognosis in cutaneous lupus erythematosus
Authors: L.G. Mlllard, N.R. Rowell, P.A. Child
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1978)

Journal Article Prognosis in cutaneous lupus erythematosus Get access L.G. Mlllard, L.G. Mlllard Department of Dermatology, General Infirmary at Leeds, and the University of Leeds Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N.R. Rowell, N.R. Rowell Department of Dermatology, General Infirmary at Leeds, and the University of Leeds Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.A. Child P.A. Child Department of Dermatology, General Infirmary at Leeds, and the University of Leeds Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 99, Issue s16, 1 December 1978, Pages 17–18, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1978.tb15212.x Published: 01 December 1978
NASAL DISCHARGE IN CHILDHOOD
Authors: F. B. Gilhespy
Journal: BMJ (1929)

fIAJO ' 803 was performed, but the cerebro-spinal fluid was not under pressure, and only a few drops of clear fluid were withdrawn.No altera- tion in the condition followed this procedure.Despite the con- tinued artificial respiration, an earthy cyanosis now appeared, both pupils were dilated and fixed, and the cxtremities cold and
Association of Diabetes, Comorbidities, and A1C With Functional Disability in Older Adults
Authors: Rita Rastogi Kalyani, Christopher D. Saudek, Frederick L. Brancati, Elizabeth Selvin
Journal: Diabetes Care (2010)

To examine the relationship of diabetes and functional disability in older adults and the possible mediating roles of comorbidities and A1C.We analyzed data from a nationally representative sample of 6,097 participants aged >or=60 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2006. Diabetes was defined by self-report. Disability was defined as difficulty performing a physical task. We evaluated disability by grouping 19 physical tasks into five functional groups: lower-extremity mobility (LEM), general physical activities (GPA), activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), and leisure and social activities (LSA).Older U.S. adults with diabetes had the greatest disability in GPA (prevalence 73.6% [95% CI 70.2-76.9]), followed by LEM (52.2% [48.5-55.9]), IADL (43.6% [40.1-47.2]), ADL (37.2% [33.1-41.3]), and LSA groups (33.8% [30.8-36.9]). Diabetes was associated with two to three times increased odds of disability across functional groups (all P < 0.05). Comorbidities, mostly cardiovascular disease and obesity, and poor glycemic control (A1C >or=8%) together explained up to 85% of the excess odds of disability associated with diabetes, whereas poor glycemic control alone explained only approximately 10% of the excess odds. Adjustment for comorbidities, A1C, and diabetes duration fully attenuated the associations of diabetes with disability in all functional groups (all P > 0.05).Older adults with diabetes have a high prevalence of disabilities with variable associations attributable to comorbidities and A1C. Aggressive management of cardiovascular risk factors and obesity may significantly reduce the burden of disability in this population.
An Electronic Screen for Triaging Adolescent Substance Use by Risk Levels
Authors: Sharon Levy, Roger Weiss, Lon Sherritt, Rosemary Ziemnik, Allegra Spalding, Shari Van Hook, Lydia A. Shrier
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2014)

Screening adolescents for substance use and intervening immediately can reduce the burden of addiction and substance-related morbidity. Several screening tools have been developed to identify problem substance use for adolescents, but none have been calibrated to triage adolescents into clinically relevant risk categories to guide interventions.To describe the psychometric properties of an electronic screen and brief assessment tool that triages adolescents into 4 actionable categories regarding their experience with nontobacco substance use.Adolescent patients (age range, 12-17 years) arriving for routine medical care at 2 outpatient primary care centers and 1 outpatient center for substance use treatment at a pediatric hospital completed an electronic screening tool from June 1, 2012, through March 31, 2013, that consisted of a question on the frequency of using 8 types of drugs in the past year (Screening to Brief Intervention). Additional questions assessed severity of any past-year substance use. Patients completed a structured diagnostic interview (Composite International Diagnostic Interview-Substance Abuse Module), yielding Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition) substance use diagnoses.For the entire screen and the Screening to Brief Intervention, sensitivity and specificity for identifying nontobacco substance use, substance use disorders, severe substance use disorders, and tobacco dependence were calculated using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview-Substance Abuse Module as the criterion standard.Of 340 patients invited to participate, 216 (63.5%) enrolled in the study. Sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 84% (95% CI, 76%-89%) for identifying nontobacco substance use, 90% (95% CI, 77%-96%) and 94% (95% CI, 89%-96%) for substance use disorders, 100% and 94% (95% CI, 90%-96%) for severe substance use disorders, and 75% (95% CI, 52%-89%) and 98% (95% CI, 95%-100%) for nicotine dependence. No significant differences were found in sensitivity or specificity between the full tool and the Screening to Brief Intervention.A single screening question assessing past-year frequency use for 8 commonly misused categories of substances appears to be a valid method for discriminating among clinically relevant risk categories of adolescent substance use.
Warfarin Use Associates with Increased Risk for Stroke in Hemodialysis Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Kevin E. Chan, J. Michael Lazarus, Ravi Thadhani, Raymond M. Hakim
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2009)

Use of warfarin, clopidogrel, or aspirin associates with mortality among patients with ESRD, but the risk-benefit ratio may depend on underlying comorbidities. Here, we investigated the association between these medications and new stroke, mortality, and hospitalization in a retrospective cohort analysis of 1671 incident hemodialysis patients with preexisting atrial fibrillation. We followed patient outcomes from the time of initiation of dialysis for an average of 1.6 yr. Compared with nonuse, warfarin use associated with a significantly increased risk for new stroke (hazard ratio 1.93; 95% confidence interval 1.29 to 2.90); clopidogrel or aspirin use did not associate with increased risk for new stroke. Analysis using international normalized ratio (INR) suggested a dose-response relationship between the degree of anticoagulation and new stroke in patients on warfarin (P = 0.02 for trend). Warfarin users who received no INR monitoring in the first 90 d of dialysis had the highest risk for stroke compared with nonusers (hazard ratio 2.79; 95% confidence interval 1.65 to 4.70). Warfarin use did not associate with statistically significant increases in all-cause mortality or hospitalization. In conclusion, warfarin use among patients with both ESRD and atrial fibrillation associates with an increased risk for stroke. The risk is greatest in warfarin users who do not receive in-facility INR monitoring.
Faecal stasis in proctocolitis
Authors: J. E. Lennard-Jones, M. J. S. Langman, F. A. Jones
Journal: Gut (1962)

Six cases of faecal stasis in active proctocolitis are reported. In each case the left colon was severely diseased but the right colon was unaffected. X-ray studies showed retention of barium in the right colon for as long as five weeks. In two patients subacute intestinal obstruction developed and in three patients constipation was a major symptom during the active phase of colitis.
Regulation of acetylcholinesterase in avian heart. Studies on ontogeny and the influence of vagotomy.
Authors: S A Jo, D M Higgins, H A Berman
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

This article examines the role of innervation in regulating expression of acetylcholinesterase (AchE), butyrylcholinesterase (BuchE), and the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAchR) in avian heart. Two distinct approaches are taken. The first approach examines the relation between the onsets of parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation and the appearance of AchE and BuchE. All molecular forms of AchE and BuchE are present in early embryonic chick heart well before the onset of parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation. These molecular forms are characterized by sedimentation coefficients of 4.5S, 11S, 15S, and 19S. With further development, the amounts of AchE fall; the reductions in AchE parallel the onset of functional parasympathetic innervation. The amounts of BuchE increase progressively throughout embryonic development, independent of autonomic innervation, and in mature chick heart predominate over the much less abundant amounts of AchE. The 15S and 19S forms of AchE in heart are lost during early embryogenesis but reappear in skeletal muscle during later embryogenesis. The second approach examines the influence of vagotomy and sympathetic denervation of 8-day-old chick myocardium on expression of the molecular forms of AchE, BuchE, mAchR, and beta-adrenergic receptors. The amounts of AchE and BuchE molecular forms in avian heart are not measurably influenced by bilateral vagotomy for a duration of 4 days, unilateral vagotomy for a duration of 25 days, or sympathetic denervation. A measurable upregulation is observed in muscarinic receptors (35-46%) after vagotomy but not sympathectomy and in beta-adrenergic receptors (29%) after sympathectomy but not vagotomy. In all cases, results in atria and ventricles are nearly identical. The present results indicate that expression of AchE in the myocardium is unique and different from that in skeletal muscle and not directly linked with autonomic innervation.
Use and interpretation of diagnostic vaccination in primary immunodeficiency: A working group report of the Basic and Clinical Immunology Interest Section of the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma &amp; Immunology
Authors: Jordan S. Orange, Mark Ballow, E. Richard Stiehm, Zuhair K. Ballas, Javier Chinen, Maite De La Morena, Dinakantha Kumararatne, Terry O. Harville, Paul Hesterberg, Majed Koleilat, Sean McGhee, Elena E. Perez, Jason Raasch, Rebecca Scherzer, Harry Schroeder, Christine Seroogy, Aarnoud Huissoon, Ricardo U. Sorensen, Rohit Katial
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)