tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Essential Role of Integrin-Linked Kinase in Podocyte Biology
Authors: Chunsun Dai, Donna B. Stolz, Sheldon I. Bastacky, Rene St.-Arnaud, Chuanyue Wu, Shoukat Dedhar, Youhua Liu
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2006)

Integrin-linked kinase (ILK) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of proteinuria and congenital nephrotic syndrome. However, the function of ILK in glomerular podocyte in a physiologic setting remains unknown. In this study, a mouse model was generated in which ILK gene was selectively disrupted in podocytes by using the Cre-LoxP system. Podocyte-specific ablation of ILK resulted in heavy albuminuria, glomerulosclerosis, and kidney failure, which led to animal death beginning at 10 wk of age. Podocyte detachment and apoptosis were not observed at 4 wk of age, when albuminuria became prominent, indicating that they are not the initial cause of proteinuria. Electron microscopy revealed an early foot process effacement, as well as morphologic abnormality, in ILK-deficient podocytes. ILK deficiency caused an aberrant distribution of nephrin and α-actinin-4 in podocytes, whereas the localization of podocin and synaptopodin remained relatively intact. Co-immunoprecipitation demonstrated that ILK physically interacted with nephrin to form a ternary complex, and α-actinin-4 participated in ILK/nephrin complex formation. Therefore, ILK plays an essential role in specifying nephrin and α-actinin-4 distribution and in maintaining the slit diaphragm integrity and podocyte architecture. These results also illustrate that the integrin and slit diaphragm signals in podocytes are intrinsically coupled through an ILK-dependent mechanism.
Lung volume restriction in patients with chronic respiratory muscle weakness: the role of microatelectasis.
Authors: M Estenne, P A Gevenois, W Kinnear, P Soudon, A Heilporn, A De Troyer
Journal: Thorax (1993)

BACKGROUND--It is well established that patients with longstanding weakness of the respiratory muscles have a reduction in lung distensibility. Although this occurs in most patients without any radiographic changes suggesting parenchymal lung disease, it has been attributed to the development of microatelectasis. METHODS--A high resolution computed tomographic (CT) scanner was used in eight patients with traumatic tetraplegia and six patients with generalised neuromuscular disorders to look for areas of atelectasis. With the patient in the supine posture scans of 1 mm thickness were obtained at total lung capacity at intervals of 1 cm from the apex to the base of the lung. RESULTS--Vital capacity, total lung capacity, and inspiratory muscle strength were reduced to a mean of 59.5%, 73.9%, and 51.1% of predicted values, respectively. Static expiratory lung compliance was decreased in 12 of the 14 patients and averaged 69.1% of the predicted value. The CT scans revealed only small areas of atelectasis in one tetraplegic patient and in one patient with a generalised neuromuscular disorder; no parenchymal abnormality was seen in the other 12 patients. CONCLUSIONS--In many patients with chronic weakness of the respiratory muscles the reduced lung distensibility does not appear to be caused by microatelectasis. It might be related to alterations in elasticity of the lung tissue.
Duplicate Federal Payments for Dual Enrollees in Medicare Advantage Plans and the Veterans Affairs Health Care System
Authors: Amal N. Trivedi, Regina C. Grebla, Lan Jiang, Jean Yoon, Vincent Mor, Kenneth W. Kizer
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Some veterans are eligible to enroll simultaneously in a Medicare Advantage (MA) plan and the Veterans Affairs health care system (VA). This scenario produces the potential for redundant federal spending because MA plans would receive payments to insure veterans who receive care from the VA, another taxpayer-funded health plan.To quantify the prevalence of dual enrollment in VA and MA, the concurrent use of health services in each setting, and the estimated costs of VA care provided to MA enrollees.Retrospective analysis of 1,245,657 veterans simultaneously enrolled in the VA and an MA plan between 2004-2009.Use of health services and inflation-adjusted estimated VA health care costs.Among individuals who were eligible to enroll in the VA and in an MA plan, the number of persons dually enrolled increased from 485,651 in 2004 to 924,792 in 2009. In 2009, 8.3% of the MA population was enrolled in the VA and 5.0% of MA beneficiaries were VA users. The estimated VA health care costs for MA enrollees totaled $13.0 billion over 6 years, increasing from $1.3 billion in 2004 to $3.2 billion in 2009. Among dual enrollees, 10% exclusively used the VA for outpatient and acute inpatient services, 35% exclusively used the MA plan, 50% used both the VA and MA, and 4% received no services during the calendar year. The VA financed 44% of all outpatient visits (n = 21,353,841), 15% of all acute medical and surgical admissions (n = 177,663), and 18% of all acute medical and surgical inpatient days (n = 1,106,284) for this dually enrolled population. In 2009, the VA billed private insurers $52.3 million to reimburse care provided to MA enrollees and collected $9.4 million (18% of the billed amount; 0.3% of the total cost of care).The federal government spends a substantial and increasing amount of potentially duplicative funds in 2 separate managed care programs for the care of same individuals.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: D R. Taylor
Journal: BMJ (1998)

In an environment where clinicians are increasingly conscious of the conflicting pressures of patients' expectations and evidence obsessed purchasers, there is a temptation to regard guidelines as a potential straightjacket (and protocols and clinical pathways even more so)—or just irrelevant. But the recently published British Thoracic Society guidelines for managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease should be welcomed.1

Together with their international counterparts,2–4 they signal a sea change in attitudes towards the management of this common disease, historically summed up at best as “treat it as if it were asthma” and at worst as neglectful nihilism. In addition, they set out a pragmatic definition of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease—a chronic slowly progressive disorder characterised by airways obstruction which does not change markedly over several months—which ought to see the end of the paralysing effect of trying to define similarities and differences between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma (are you a lumper or a splitter?). This should …
Renal safety profiles of ibandronate 6 mg infused over 15 and 60 min: a randomized, open-label study
Authors: R. von Moos, C.B. Caspar, B. Thürlimann, R. Angst, R. Inauen, R. Greil, B. Bergstrom, K. Schmieding, M. Pecherstorfer
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2008)
NAT2 slow acetylation, GSTM1 null genotype, and risk of bladder cancer: results from the Spanish Bladder Cancer Study and meta-analyses
Authors: Montserrat García-Closas, Núria Malats, Debra Silverman, Mustafa Dosemeci, Manolis Kogevinas, David W Hein, Adonina Tardón, Consol Serra, Alfredo Carrato, Reina García-Closas, Josep Lloreta, Gemma Castaño-Vinyals, Meredith Yeager, Robert Welch, Stephen Chanock, Nilanjan Chatterjee, Sholom Wacholder, Claudine Samanic, Montserrat Torà, Francisco Fernández, Francisco X Real, Nathaniel Rothman
Journal: The Lancet (2005)
Risk-adapted treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia with all-trans-retinoic acid and anthracycline monochemotherapy: a multicenter study by the PETHEMA group
Authors: Miguel A. Sanz, Guillermo Martín, Marcos González, Angel León, Chelo Rayón, Concha Rivas, Dolors Colomer, Elena Amutio, Francisco J. Capote, Gustavo A. Milone, Javier de la Serna, José Román, Eva Barragán, Juan Bergua, Lourdes Escoda, Ricardo Parody, Silvia Negri, María J. Calasanz, Pascual Bolufer
Journal: Blood (2003)
Parallel Evolution of Ligand Specificity Between LacI/GalR Family Repressors and Periplasmic Sugar-Binding Proteins
Authors: K. Fukami-Kobayashi
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2003)

The bacterial LacI/GalR family repressors such as lactose operon repressor (LacI), purine nucleotide synthesis repressor (PurR), and trehalose operon repressor (TreR) consist of not only the N-terminal helix-turn-helix DNA-binding domain but also the C-terminal ligand-binding domain that is structurally homologous to periplasmic sugar-binding proteins. These structural features imply that the repressor family evolved by acquiring the DNA-binding domain in the N-terminal of an ancestral periplasmic binding protein (PBP). Phylogenetic analysis of the LacI/GalR family repressors and their PBP homologues revealed that the acquisition of the DNA-binding domain occurred first in the family, and ligand specificity then evolved. The phylogenetic tree also indicates that the acquisition occurred only once before the divergence of the major lineages of eubacteria, and that the LacI/GalR and the PBP families have since undergone extensive gene duplication/loss independently along the evolutionary lineages. Multiple alignments of the repressors and PBPs furthermore revealed that repressors and PBPs with the same ligand specificity have the same or similar residues in their binding sites. This result, together with the phylogenetic relationship, demonstrates that the repressors and the PBPs individually acquired the same ligand specificity by homoplasious replacement, even though their genes are encoded in the same operon.
Early amniocentesis versus chorionic villus sampling for fetal karyotyping
Authors: R Saura, D Roux, L Taine, B Maugey, D Laulon, J.P Laplace, J Horovitz, AllanT Bombard, SuzanneM Carter, HaroldM Nitowsky, Anan Boulos, Marinos Tsirigotis, Nahid Yazdani, Ian Craft
Journal: The Lancet (1994)
Comparison of Semiparametric and Parametric Survival Models for the Analysis of Bronchial Responsiveness
Authors: Alvaro Muñoz, Jordi Sunyer
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

"Comparison of Semiparametric and Parametric Survival Models for the Analysis of Bronchial Responsiveness." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 154(6_pt_2), pp. S234–S239
Management of disrupted sternotomy.
Authors: A C Roy, J R Penhall, E W Cameron
Journal: Thorax (1981)

Seventeen out of 929 consecutive patients (1.8%) who underwent open-heart surgery during the last three years developed dehiscence of the sternotomy. Infection was the most common cause of dehiscence and occurred more often after reopening of the incision to control bleeding or relieve tamponade. We describe a one stage closure which was used in all 17 cases. A successful result was obtained in 16 cases, discharge from hospital occurring between 21 and 51 days after closure.
Inhibition of proliferation of HeLa cells by dithranol (anthralin) and 10-butyryl dithranol (butantrone)
Authors: ANITA REMITZ, ARJA-LEENA KARINIEMI, EERO LEHTONEN, STIG NORDLING
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1989)

Journal Article Inhibition of proliferation of HeLa cells by dithranol (anthralin) and 10‐butyryl dithranol (butantrone) Get access ANITA REMITZ, ANITA REMITZ Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, University of Helsinki, Finland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ARJA‐LEENA KARINIEMI, ARJA‐LEENA KARINIEMI Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, University of Helsinki, Finland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar EERO LEHTONEN, EERO LEHTONEN Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, University of Helsinki, Finland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar STIG NORDLING STIG NORDLING Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, University of Helsinki, Finland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 120, Issue 4, 1 April 1989, Pages 525–531, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1989.tb01326.x Published: 01 April 1989
Reproductive History and Risk of Colorectal Cancer in Postmenopausal Women
Authors: A. Zervoudakis, H. D. Strickler, Y. Park, X. Xue, A. Hollenbeck, A. Schatzkin, M. J. Gunter
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2011)

BackgroundThere are conflicting data regarding the role of sex hormones in colorectal cancer development. Whereas clinical trials data indicate that hormone therapy use reduces the risk of colorectal cancer, data from prospective cohort studies suggest that circulating estrogen levels are positively associated with colorectal cancer risk. A surrogate measure of lifetime estrogen exposure is reproductive history. We investigated the relationship between reproductive factors and the risk of colorectal cancer.
Evidence of a Dominant Backward-Propagating “Suction” Wave Responsible for Diastolic Coronary Filling in Humans, Attenuated in Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
Authors: Justin E. Davies, Zachary I. Whinnett, Darrel P. Francis, Charlotte H. Manisty, Jazmin Aguado-Sierra, Keith Willson, Rodney A. Foale, Iqbal S. Malik, Alun D. Hughes, Kim H. Parker, Jamil Mayet
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Background— Coronary blood flow peaks in diastole when aortic blood pressure has fallen. Current models fail to completely explain this phenomenon. We present a new approach—using wave intensity analysis—to explain this phenomenon in normal subjects and to evaluate the effects of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Method and Results— We measured simultaneous pressure and Doppler velocity with intracoronary wires in the left main stem, left anterior descending, and circumflex arteries of 20 subjects after a normal coronary arteriogram. Wave intensity analysis was used to identify and quantify individual pressure and velocity waves within the coronary artery circulation. A consistent pattern of 6 predominating waves was identified. Ninety-four percent of wave energy, accelerating blood forward along the coronary artery, came from 2 waves: first a pushing wave caused by left ventricular ejection—the dominant forward-traveling pushing wave; and later a suction wave caused by relief of myocardial microcirculatory compression—the dominant backward-traveling suction wave. The dominant backward-traveling suction wave (18.2±13.7×10 3 W m −2 s −1 , 30%) was larger than the dominant forward-traveling pushing wave (14.3±17.6×10 3 W m −2 s −1 , 22.3%, P =0.001) and was associated with a substantially larger increment in coronary blood flow velocity (0.51 versus 0.14 m/s, P &lt;0.001). In LVH, the dominant backward-traveling suction wave percentage was significantly decreased (33.1% versus 26.9%, P =0.01) and inversely correlated with left ventricular septal wall thickness ( r =−0.52, P &lt;0.02). Conclusions— Six waves predominantly drive human coronary blood flow. Coronary flow peaks in diastole because of the dominance of a “suction” wave generated by myocardial microcirculatory decompression. This is significantly reduced in LVH.
Spontaneous increase and decrease of thoracic lymphadenopathy and SACE in sarcoidosis
Authors: F Lhote, D Valeyre, C Clerici, J Amouroux, JP Battesti
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1988)

A case of sarcoidosis with iterative spontaneous increase and decrease of thoracic lymphadenopathy is described. No condition such as infectious disease, particular environmental exposure or medication could explain this unusual course of thoracic sarcoidosis.
Adult Lineage-Restricted CNS Progenitors Specify Distinct Glioblastoma Subtypes
Authors: Sheila R. Alcantara Llaguno, Zilai Wang, Daochun Sun, Jian Chen, Jing Xu, Euiseok Kim, Kimmo J. Hatanpaa, Jack M. Raisanen, Dennis K. Burns, Jane E. Johnson, Luis F. Parada
Journal: Cancer Cell (2015)
MIB-1 (KI-67) Proliferation Index and Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27Kip1 Protein Expression in Nephroblastoma
Authors: Mazen A. Ghanem, Theo H. Van der Kwast, Mondastri K. Sudaryo, Rejiv B. Mathoera, Marry M. van den Heuvel, Abdel-Alim M. Al-Doray, Rien M. Nijman, Gert J. van Steenbrugge
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2004)

A number of studies have indicated that the tumor proliferation marker MIB-1 and cell cycle inhibitor p27(Kip1) expression are of prognostic importance in a variety of cancers. The present study was performed to evaluate the prognostic value of these molecules in Wilms' tumors.MIB-1 and p27(Kip1) expressions were investigated by the means of immunohistochemical analysis of 62 Wilms' tumor. Patients were preoperatively treated by chemotherapeutic agents and had a mean follow-up of 5.7 years.MIB-1 and p27(Kip1) were expressed in normal kidney tissues and in the three main components of Wilms' tumor, i.e., the blastemal, epithelial, and stromal cells. In Wilms' tumors, the percentage of MIB-1-positive cells in the blastema ranged between 0 and 42% (mean, 9.4%) and in the epithelial component between 0 and 53% (mean, 19.9%), with a significant difference (P < 0.01). The percentage of blastemal p27(Kip1)-positive cells ranged between 3 and 85% (mean, 55.1%) and for the epithelial component between 1 and 87% (mean, 59%). There was a significant inverse relationship between blastemal MIB-1 and p27(Kip1) expression in Wilms' tumor. Univariate analysis showed that blastemal MIB-1 and p27(Kip1) expression were indicative for clinical progression and tumor-specific survival. In a multivariate analysis, blastemal MIB-1 and p27(Kip1) protein expression proved to be an independent prognostic for clinical progression besides stage.It was concluded that both MIB-1-based proliferative activity and p27(Kip1) protein expression in the blastema have prognostic impact in Wilms' tumor.
Clinical value of circulating endothelial cells and circulating tumor cells in metastatic breast cancer patients treated first line with bevacizumab and chemotherapy
Authors: F.-C. Bidard, C. Mathiot, A. Degeorges, M.-C. Etienne-Grimaldi, R. Delva, X. Pivot, C. Veyret, L. Bergougnoux, P. de Cremoux, G. Milano, J.-Y. Pierga
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2010)
High-Density Lipoproteins Protect Isolated Rat Hearts From Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Reducing Cardiac Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Content and Enhancing Prostaglandin Release
Authors: Laura Calabresi, Giuseppe Rossoni, Monica Gomaraschi, Francesca Sisto, Ferruccio Berti, Guido Franceschini
Journal: Circulation Research (2003)

The incidence and severity of primary cardiac events are inversely related to the plasma concentration of high-density lipoproteins (HDLs). We investigated whether HDLs may exert a direct cardioprotection in buffer-perfused isolated rat hearts, which underwent a 20-minute low-flow ischemia followed by a 30-minute reperfusion. The administration of HDLs at physiological concentrations (0.5 and 1.0 mg/mL) during the 10 minutes immediately before ischemia rapidly and remarkably improved postischemic functional recovery and decreased creatine kinase release in the coronary effluent. Reconstituted HDLs containing apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) and phosphatidylcholine, but not lipid-free apoA-I or phosphatidylcholine liposomes, were also effective in protecting the heart from ischemia-reperfusion injury. HDLs at reperfusion were less effective than when given before ischemia. HDLs caused a dose-dependent reduction of ischemia-induced cardiac tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) expression and content, which correlated with the improved functional recovery. A parallel increase of TNF-alpha release in the coronary effluent was observed, due to a direct binding of cardiac TNF-alpha to HDLs. Taken together, these findings argue for a cause-effect relationship between the HDL-mediated removal of TNF-alpha from the ischemic myocardium and the HDL-induced cardioprotection. Indeed, etanercept, a recombinant TNF-alpha-blocking protein, caused a dose-dependent improvement of postischemic functional recovery. HDLs also enhanced ischemia-induced prostaglandin release, which may contribute to the cardioprotective effect. A low plasma HDL level may expose the heart to excessive ischemia-reperfusion damage, and HDL-targeted therapies may be helpful to induce immediate or delayed myocardial protection from ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Dendriform pulmonary ossification visualised by scanning acoustic microscope
Authors: Yutaro Nakamura, Katsutoshi Miura, Ryoji Yasumizu, Masaki Sato, Takafumi Suda
Journal: Thorax (2015)

A 45-year-old man was referred to our facility because of an abnormal shadow on chest radiography. CT revealed a reticular and nodular shadow (figure 1). Histopathology of a surgical lung biopsy specimen showed dendriform mature bone formation with marrow residing within the alveolar spaces, which was …
Alternative end-joining catalyzes class switch recombination in the absence of both Ku70 and DNA ligase 4
Authors: Cristian Boboila, Catherine Yan, Duane R. Wesemann, Mila Jankovic, Jing H. Wang, John Manis, Andre Nussenzweig, Michel Nussenzweig, Frederick W. Alt
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2010)

The classical nonhomologous end-joining (C-NHEJ) DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair pathway employs the Ku70/80 complex (Ku) for DSB recognition and the XRCC4/DNA ligase 4 (Lig4) complex for ligation. During IgH class switch recombination (CSR) in B lymphocytes, switch (S) region DSBs are joined by C-NHEJ to form junctions either with short microhomologies (MHs; "MH-mediated" joins) or no homologies ("direct" joins). In the absence of XRCC4 or Lig4, substantial CSR occurs via "alternative" end-joining (A-EJ) that generates largely MH-mediated joins. Because upstream C-NHEJ components remain in XRCC4- or Lig4-deficient B cells, residual CSR might be catalyzed by C-NHEJ using a different ligase. To address this, we have assayed for CSR in B cells deficient for Ku70, Ku80, or both Ku70 and Lig4. Ku70- or Ku80-deficient B cells have reduced, but still substantial, CSR. Strikingly, B cells deficient for both Ku plus Lig4 undergo CSR similarly to Ku-deficient B cells, firmly demonstrating that an A-EJ pathway distinct from C-NHEJ can catalyze CSR end-joining. Ku-deficient or Ku- plus Lig4-deficient B cells are also biased toward MH-mediated CSR joins; but, in contrast to XRCC4- or Lig4-deficient B cells, generate substantial numbers of direct CSR joins. Our findings suggest that more than one form of A-EJ can function in CSR.
Can a Potent Statin Actually Regress Coronary Atherosclerosis?
Authors: Roger S. Blumenthal, Navin K. Kapur
Journal: JAMA (2006)

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Impact of Noncardiac Comorbidities on Morbidity and Mortality in a Predominantly Male Population With Heart Failure and Preserved Versus Reduced Ejection Fraction
Authors: Sameer Ather, Wenyaw Chan, Biykem Bozkurt, David Aguilar, Kumudha Ramasubbu, Amit A. Zachariah, Xander H.T. Wehrens, Anita Deswal
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)