tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Is workload associated with injuries and performance in elite football? A call for action
Authors: George P Nassis, Tim J Gabbett
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2016)

What would a Premier League team pay for software that allowed it to optimise performance while reducing injuries? There are emerging data that would allow such software to be developed (and indeed, some software companies who already claim they can predict injuries before they occur), but no product is ready for prime time yet. In this editorial, we briefly direct the reader to data showing how workload is associated with injuries, highlight the challenges in training and match load monitoring and call for a consensus meeting to agree on the variables to be used to assess training and match load in football (soccer).

To date, few studies have assessed the effect of decreased recovery days between matches (ie, fixture congestion) as an index of match load on injury and performance. Running performance itself appears unaffected by fixture congestion,1 ,2 but injury rates may be higher1 or similar2 when playing two matches …
Unrelated donor marrow transplantation for chronic myelogenous leukemia: 9 years' experience of the National Marrow Donor Program
Authors: Philip B. McGlave, Xiao Ou Shu, Wanqing Wen, Claudio Anasetti, Auayporn Nademanee, Richard Champlin, Joseph H. Antin, Nancy A. Kernan, Roberta King, Daniel J. Weisdorf
Journal: Blood (2000)
Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs for cancer pain: comparison between misoprostol and ranitidine in prevention of upper gastrointestinal damage.
Authors: M Valentini, R Cannizzaro, M Poletti, R Bortolussi, A Fracasso, V Testa, M Sozzi, M Fornasarig, F Bortoluzzi, I Grazioli
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1995)

PURPOSE The prophylactic strategy of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced upper gastrointestinal (UGI) damage has largely been studied in arthritic patients, but not in cancer patients. The efficacy of misoprostol and ranitidine in the prevention of gastroduodenal damage in patients taking diclofenac for their cancer pain has been compared in this study. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients who needed high-dose (200 to 300 mg/d) diclofenac for cancer pain and without mucosal lesions at baseline gastroduodenal endoscopy were randomized to receive misoprostol (200 micrograms twice daily; M group) or ranitidine (150 mg twice daily; R group). UGI endoscopy was repeated after 4 weeks. RESULTS Twenty-three patients treated with misoprostol and 26 treated with ranitidine concluded the study. The M group showed a significantly (P &lt; .02) lower incidence of gastroduodenal lesions (two patients; 8.7%) than the R group (10 patients; 38.5%). Gastric ulcers occurred in one (4%) misoprostol-treated patient and in six (23%) ranitidine-treated patients. Six of seven patients with ulcers were asymptomatic. Seventy-one percent and 86% of ulcers occurred in patients older than 60 years and in those who received greater than 3.1 mg/kg of diclofenac, respectively. CONCLUSION Misoprostol was significantly more effective than ranitidine in the prevention of gastroduodenal lesions in cancer patients receiving diclofenac.
Review: In patients with previous MI, long-term DAPT reduces CV events and increases major bleeding
Authors: Eric R. Bates
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2016)

Source Citation Udell JA, Bonaca MP, Collet JP, et al. Long-term dual antiplatelet therapy for secondary prevention of cardiovascular events in the subgroup of patients with previous myocardial infarction: a collaborative meta-analysis of randomized trials. Eur Heart J. 2015;Aug 31. Epub ahead of print. 26324537
Low-Dose Lenalidomide Improves CAR-Based Immunotherapy In CLL By Reverting T-Cell Defects In Vivo
Authors: Maria Teresa Sabrina Bertilaccio, Sarah Tettamanti, Greta Maria Paola Giordano Attianese, Giovanni Galletti, Silvia Arcangeli, Tania Veliz Rodriguez, Chiara Francesca Magnani, Federica Barbaglio, Lydia Scarfò, Maurilio Ponzoni, Andrea Biondi, Federico Caligaris-Cappio, Ettore Biagi, Paolo Ghia
Journal: Blood (2013)
Relation Between Development of Leukemia and Duration of &lt;italic&gt;N&lt;/italic&gt;-Nitroso-&lt;italic&gt;N&lt;/italic&gt;-ethylurea Treatment in DONRYU Rats&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: T Ogiu, C Matsuoka, K Furuta, A Maekawa
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

N-Nitroso-N-ethylurea (NEU; CAS: 759-73-9) is a strong leukemogen that induces erythroblastic leukemia in inbred DONRYU rats. In the present experiments, relationships between development of leukemia, duration of NEU treatment, and sequential changes in the hematopoietic organs during carcinogen administration were examined. In experiment 1, groups of rats were given a 400-ppm NEU solution for 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, or 10 weeks, and the resultant incidence of leukemias was 0, 26, 40, 75, 95, and 100%, respectively. Of the various types of leukemia, the erythroblastic type was observed in 0, 0, 20, 40, 95, and 90% of rats, respectively. The average latent period showed an inverse correlation with the duration of NEU treatment. In experiment 2 the animals were divided into carcinogen-treated and control groups, and rats were sacrificed periodically for histopathologic examination. In the experimental group, the bone marrow became hypoplastic soon after commencement of NEU treatment and at the 6th week became severely aplastic, thereafter recovering slightly. At the 10th week, 2 rats out of 5 examined were leukemic. Relationships between incidence of leukemia, duration of NEU treatment, and sequential changes of the bone marrow during carcinogen administration are discussed.
On the Fuchs Cancer Test: Species-Specific Proteolysis of Fibrin by Serum
Authors: Andrew C. Peacock, Eleanor M. Highsmith
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1957)

On the Fuchs Cancer Test: Species-Specific Proteolysis of Fibrin by Serum Get access Andrew C. Peacock, Andrew C. Peacock Clinical Trials Unit, National Cancer Institute,3Bethesda, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Eleanor M. Highsmith Eleanor M. Highsmith Clinical Trials Unit, National Cancer Institute,3Bethesda, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 18, Issue 2, February 1957, Pages 285–289, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/18.2.285 Published: 01 February 1957 Article history Received: 18 October 1956 Published: 01 February 1957
Carcinogenic Activity of Cigarette Smoke Condensate. III. Biological Activity of Refined Tar from Several Types of Cigarettes
Authors: Fred G. Bock, George E. Moore, Paul C. Clark
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1965)

Smoke condensates from several brands of commercial cigarettes, including menthol, denicotinized, and imported English cigarettes, were tested for carcinogenic potency. Papillomas and skin cancers were produced by each condensate. Smoke condensate from the English cigarettes was significantly more carcinogenic than that from American cigarettes when equal amounts of tar were applied to the skin. The data show that the carcinogenic potency of smoke from popular cigarettes varies with the cigarette composition, the method of manufacture, or both.
Who seeks mental health care in China? Diagnoses of Chinese outpatients according to DSM-III criteria and the Chinese classification system
Authors: L L Altshuler, X D Wang, H Q Qi, Q A Hua, W Q Wang, M L Xia
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1988)

The authors gave DSM-III diagnoses to 116 Chinese psychiatric outpatients in Shanghai and compared them with the diagnoses of the same patients made by a Chinese psychiatrist according to Chinese criteria. Affective disorders were the most common DSM-III diagnoses, accounting for 26.7% of the sample. A full range of psychopathology, including schizophrenia, organic mental disorders, adjustment disorders, anxiety disorders, and paranoid disorders, was seen. Some consistent differences in diagnosis by Chinese and Western standards, especially in the area of major depression, were found. The authors discuss the implications for interpreting psychiatric studies from China and for future cross-cultural research comparing U.S. and Chinese diagnoses.
Abstract P112: Racial Differences in the Incidence of and Risk Factors for Atrial Fibrillation in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study
Authors: Paul N Jensen, Evan L Thacker, Sascha Dublin, Bruce M Psaty, Susan R Heckbert
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Objectives . The goals of this analysis were to determine the age and sex-specific incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in white and black participants in the Cardiovascular Health Study with up to 19 years of follow-up, and to compare traditional risk factors (BMI, BP, diabetes, PR interval, and alcohol use) and emerging risk factors (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), FEV1, and cystatin C) for incident AF in blacks versus whites. Methods . From among 5,888 participants ≥65 years old, those with prevalent AF at baseline (n=167), or who did not self-report white or black race (n=36) were excluded. Incident AF was determined by hospital discharge diagnosis or annual study ECG. Age and sex specific incidence rates of AF in white and black participants were calculated as the number of cases divided by the number of person years in each age-sex-race category. Age and sex adjusted Cox proportional-hazards models were used to assess associations of the risk factors with incident AF, by race. Results . At baseline, the average age of included participants (n=5,685) was 73 years. Traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors were more prevalent among blacks than whites. During 63,741 person years of follow-up (mean 11.2 years per person), 1,531 incident AF cases were identified, 1,359 in whites and 172 in blacks. The incidence of AF was lower for blacks than whites ( Table 1 ). Adjusted for age and sex, blacks had a 29% lower risk of AF than whites (HR: 0.71, 95%CI: 0.61, 0.84). For both blacks and whites, higher BMI, systolic BP, NT-proBNP, and cystatin C, and lower FEV1 were associated with incident AF. Only higher BMI was more strongly associated with incident AF in blacks versus whites (per 5 kg/m 2 , HR for blacks: 1.29, 95%CI: 1.12, 1.47; HR for whites: 1.10, 95%CI: 1.04, 1.17; HR for interaction: 1.17, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.35; p = 0.03). Conclusions . The incidence of AF was lower for blacks than whites, despite the fact that blacks had a higher prevalence of many cardiovascular risk factors. The reasons for this disparity remain unclear. Table 1. Incidence Rates of AF among Women in CHS by Sex and Race Age Group White Women Black Women 95% CI AF Cases Incidence (per 1,000) 95% CI AF Cases Incidence (per 1,000) 65-69 18 6.7 4.2 10.6 7 13.8 6.6 29.0 70-74 93 12.6 10.3 15.4 14 9.9 5.9 16.8 75-79 182 19.5 16.9 22.6 29 16.1 11.2 23.2 80-84 215 25.5 22.4 29.2 28 18.5 12.8 26.8 85-89 145 32.2 27.3 37.8 23 28.4 18.8 42.7 Age Group White Men Black Men 95% CI AF Cases Incidence (per 1,000) 95% CI AF Cases Incidence (per 1,000) 65-69 23 15.2 10.1 22.8 6 20.0 9.0 44.6 70-74 89 19.2 15.6 23.6 10 12.3 6.6 22.8 75-79 162 27.6 23.7 32.3 14 14.8 8.8 25.0 80-84 192 37.1 32.2 42.8 17 23.1 14.3 37.1 85-89 125 45.1 37.8 53.7 9 26.9 14.0 51.8
Endoscopic submucosal dissection: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Guideline
Authors: Pedro Pimentel-Nunes, Mário Dinis-Ribeiro, Thierry Ponchon, Alessandro Repici, Michael Vieth, Antonella De Ceglie, Arnaldo Amato, Frieder Berr, Pradeep Bhandari, Andrzej Bialek, Massimo Conio, Jelle Haringsma, Cord Langner, Søren Meisner, Helmut Messmann, Mario Morino, Horst Neuhaus, Hubert Piessevaux, Massimo Rugge, Brian Saunders, Michel Robaszkiewicz, Stefan Seewald, Sergey Kashin, Jean-Marc Dumonceau, Cesare Hassan, Pierre Deprez
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

This Guideline is an official statement of the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE). The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system <xref idref="JR12942-1">1</xref> <xref idref="JR12942-2">2</xref> was adopted to define the strength of recommendations and the quality of evidence. <b>Main recommendations</b> <b>1 </b>ESGE recommends endoscopic en bloc resection for superficial esophageal squamous cell cancers (SCCs), excluding those with obvious submucosal involvement (strong recommendation, moderate quality evidence). Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) may be considered in such lesions when they are smaller than 10 mm if en bloc resection can be assured. However, ESGE recommends endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) as the first option, mainly to provide an en bloc resection with accurate pathology staging and to avoid missing important histological features (strong recommendation, moderate quality evidence). <b>2 </b>ESGE recommends endoscopic resection with a curative intent for visible lesions in Barrett's esophagus (strong recommendation, moderate quality evidence). ESD has not been shown to be superior to EMR for excision of mucosal cancer, and for that reason EMR should be preferred. ESD may be considered in selected cases, such as lesions larger than 15 mm, poorly lifting tumors, and lesions at risk for submucosal invasion (strong recommendation, moderate quality evidence). <b>3 </b>ESGE recommends endoscopic resection for the treatment of gastric superficial neoplastic lesions that possess a very low risk of lymph node metastasis (strong recommendation, high quality evidence). EMR is an acceptable option for lesions smaller than 10 – 15 mm with a very low probability of advanced histology (Paris 0-IIa). However, ESGE recommends ESD as treatment of choice for most gastric superficial neoplastic lesions (strong recommendation, moderate quality evidence). <b>4 </b>ESGE states that the majority of colonic and rectal superficial lesions can be effectively removed in a curative way by standard polypectomy and/or by EMR (strong recommendation, moderate quality evidence). ESD can be considered for removal of colonic and rectal lesions with high suspicion of limited submucosal invasion that is based on two main criteria of depressed morphology and irregular or nongranular surface pattern, particularly if the lesions are larger than 20 mm; or ESD can be considered for colorectal lesions that otherwise cannot be optimally and radically removed by snare-based techniques (strong recommendation, moderate quality evidence).
Progress Toward Interrupting Indigenous Measles Transmission--Region of the Americas, January-November 2001
Journal: JAMA (2002)

This paper provides a summary of measles circulation patterns and efforts to interrupt measles transmission in the Americas during 2001.  In 1994 countries in the Americas set a goal of interrupting indigenous measles transmission by the end of 2000.  To that end the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) recommended a measles vaccination strategy which includes a national catch-up campaign for children aged 1-14 years; a routine keep-up vaccination for infants aged 1 year; and national follow-up campaigns every 3-5 years for children aged 1-4 years regardless of measles vaccination history. Significantly the implementation of national vaccination and surveillance programs reduced measles incidence by 99% during 1990-2000.  However in Haiti and Venezuela measles is still endemic.  As demonstrated by the PAHO data measles could be imported to measles-free countries from countries where the virus is endemic.  Thus all countries in the Americas must maintain the highest possible population immunity and must strengthen surveillance to detection importations.  In addition vaccination efforts should also be focused to susceptible adolescent and young individuals who are at risk for exposure to measles.
Notch1 and Notch2 receptors regulate mouse and human gastric antral epithelial cell homoeostasis
Authors: Gail B Gifford, Elise S Demitrack, Theresa M Keeley, Andrew Tam, Nilsa La Cunza, Priya H Dedhia, Jason R Spence, Diane M Simeone, Ichiko Saotome, Angeliki Louvi, Christian W Siebel, Linda C Samuelson
Journal: Gut (2016)

<h3>Objective</h3> We tested the ability of Notch pathway receptors Notch1 and Notch2 to regulate stem and epithelial cell homoeostasis in mouse and human gastric antral tissue. <h3>Design</h3> Mice were treated with the pan-Notch inhibitor dibenzazepine (DBZ) or inhibitory antibodies targeting Notch1 and/or Notch2. Epithelial proliferation, apoptosis and cellular differentiation were measured by histological and molecular approaches. Organoids were established from mouse and human antral glands; growth and differentiation were measured after treatment with Notch inhibitors. <h3>Results</h3> Notch1 and Notch2 are the predominant Notch receptors expressed in mouse and human antral tissue and organoid cultures. Combined inhibition of Notch1 and Notch2 in adult mice led to decreased epithelial cell proliferation, including reduced proliferation of LGR5 stem cells, and increased apoptosis, similar to the response to global Notch inhibition with DBZ. Less pronounced effects were observed after inhibition of individual receptors. Notch pathway inhibition with DBZ or combined inhibition of Notch1 and Notch2 led to increased differentiation of all gastric antral lineages, with remodelling of cells to express secretory products normally associated with other regions of the GI tract, including intestine. Analysis of mouse and human organoids showed that Notch signalling through Notch1 and Notch2 is intrinsic to the epithelium and required for organoid growth. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Notch signalling is required to maintain gastric antral stem cells. Notch1 and Notch2 are the primary Notch receptors regulating epithelial cell homoeostasis in mouse and human stomach.
Effectiveness of Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Locally Advanced Bladder Cancer
Authors: Matthew D. Galsky, Kristian D. Stensland, Erin Moshier, John P. Sfakianos, Russell B. McBride, Che-Kai Tsao, Martin Casey, Paolo Boffetta, William K. Oh, Madhu Mazumdar, Juan P. Wisnivesky
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

Given that randomized trials exploring adjuvant chemotherapy for bladder cancer have been underpowered and/or terminated prematurely, yielding inconsistent results and creating an evidence gap, we sought to compare the effectiveness of cystectomy versus cystectomy plus adjuvant chemotherapy in real-world patients.We conducted an observational study to compare the effectiveness of adjuvant chemotherapy versus observation postcystectomy in patients with pathologic T3-4 and/or pathologic node-positive bladder cancer using the National Cancer Data Base. We compared overall survival using propensity score (-adjusted, -stratified, -weighted, and -matched) analyses based on patient-, facility-, and tumor-level characteristics. A sensitivity analysis was performed to examine the impact of performance status.A total of 5,653 patients met study inclusion criteria; 23% received adjuvant chemotherapy postcystectomy. Chemotherapy-treated patients were younger and more likely to have private insurance, live in areas with a higher median income and higher percentage of high school-educated residents, and have lymph node involvement and positive surgical margins (P < .05 for all comparisons). Stratified analyses adjusted for propensity score demonstrated an improvement in overall survival with adjuvant chemotherapy (hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.64 to 0.76), and similar results were achieved with propensity score matching and weighting. The association between adjuvant chemotherapy and improved survival was consistent in subset analyses and was robust to the effects of poor performance status.In this observational study, adjuvant chemotherapy was associated with improved survival in patients with locally advanced bladder cancer. Although neoadjuvant chemotherapy remains the preferred approach based on level I evidence, these data lend further support for the use of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced bladder cancer postcystectomy who did not receive chemotherapy preoperatively.
Spotlight on atrial fibrillation in<i>Cardiovascular Research</i>
Authors: Karin R. Sipido
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2016)

As introduced by the Guest Editors of the current Spotlight Issue,1 atrial fibrillation (AF) represents a major medical need and is, fortunately, also a very active field of novel discoveries and research with strong translational potential, often in bedside–bench–bedside reiterative cycles.

At the occasion of this Spotlight Issue, the journal presents a collection of relevant original research articles and short reviews in the field of AF that were recently published in Cardiovascular Research and provides free access to these. The collection can be found here .

Many of these articles relate to topics covered …
Systems-wide analyses of mucosal immune responses to<i>Helicobacter pylori</i>at the interface between pathogenicity and symbiosis
Authors: Barbara Kronsteiner, Josep Bassaganya-Riera, Casandra Philipson, Monica Viladomiu, Adria Carbo, Vida Abedi, Raquel Hontecillas
Journal: Gut Microbes (2016)

Helicobacter pylori is the dominant member of the gastric microbiota in over half of the human population of which 5-15% develop gastritis or gastric malignancies. Immune responses to H. pylori are characterized by mixed T helper cell, cytotoxic T cell and NK cell responses. The presence of Tregs is essential for the control of gastritis and together with regulatory CX3CR1+ mononuclear phagocytes and immune-evasion strategies they enable life-long persistence of H. pylori. This H. pylori-induced regulatory environment might contribute to its cross-protective effect in inflammatory bowel disease and obesity. Here we review host-microbe interactions, the development of pro- and anti-inflammatory immune responses and how the latter contribute to H. pylori's role as beneficial member of the gut microbiota. Furthermore, we present the integration of existing and new data into a computational/mathematical model and its use for the investigation of immunological mechanisms underlying initiation, progression and outcomes of H. pylori infection.
National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project Breast Cancer Prevention Trial: A Reflective Commentary
Authors: Bernard Fisher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1999)

Article Tools SPECIAL ARTICLE Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1999.17.5.1632 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 10334553 National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project Breast Cancer Prevention Trial: A Reflective Commentary Bernard FisherxBernard FisherSearch for articles by this author Show More From the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) Operations and Statistical Centers, Pittsburgh, PA. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1999.17.5.1632 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 1999 by American Society of Clinical Oncology