tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P1 Omalizumab in Paediatric Asthma: Importance of Multi-Disciplinary Assessment to Identify Eligible Patients
Authors: S Rao, L Barrett, S Frost
Journal: Thorax (2012)

Omalizumab is effective treatment for patients with severe asthma. It is reserved for patients with truly severe disease as it is expensive and associated with significant treatment burden. Identifying this small number of patients in problematic severe asthma (PSA) group is challenging. We evaluated the impact of multi-disciplinary severe asthma (SA) protocol on identifying those with severe disease and on potential use of omalizumab. After initial clinic visit, 19 patients aged between 6–15yrs with PSA underwent specialist nurse led SA protocol which included: assessment of clinical status, lung function, atopy, inhaler technique, asthma control test (ACT), quality of life (QoL); home visit for further assessment of environment, adherence and psychosocial comorbidities; school contact to address impact on education. Before SA protocol, 17/19 patients met criteria for use of omalizumab. After SA protocol, only 6(35%)were eligible as modifiable factors were identified in 11(65%). They included poor adherence, ongoing allergen exposure and psychological issues. 5/6 patients received omalizumab and 4(80%) improved. Of other 11 patients, clinical status improved in 6 (55%), unchanged but stable in 4(36%), worsened in 1(9%) after assessment. SA protocol identified modifiable factors in significant proportion of PSA children limiting omalizumab use to those with truly severe disease. Home visit assessment is essential to identify these factors which would otherwise be unrecognised. We hypothesise that proper recognition and management of these factors might not only ensure appropriate use of omalizumab but also improve its effectiveness.
THU0302 Safety and efficacy of tocilizumab therapy in children with systemic onset of juvenile idiopathic arthritis:
Authors: E. Alexeeva, R. Denisova, S. Valiyeva, T. Bzarova, K. Isayeva, T. Sleptsova, E. Mitenko
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> The treatment of systemic onset of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA is one of the serious problem of paediatric rheumatology, therefore development and implementation of new high-tech methods of treatment is relevant. Tocilizumab is promising drug for the treatment of systemic arthritis refractory to immunosuppressive drugs. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate safety and efficacy of tocilizumab treatment in children with systemic onset of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). <h3>Methods</h3> A retrospective observational study on JIA patients taking tocilizumab (n=60). Tocilizumab was administered intravenously at a dose of 8 -10 mg/kg every 2 weeks during 2 months then every 4 weeks. All patients received DMARDs. Efficacy end points included the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) Pediatric 30 (Pedi 30), Pedi 50, Pedi 70, and Pedi 90 criteria for improvement. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 60 patients (30 boys and 30 girls) were included in this Median age was 6,5 years (range; 2 to 15 years) and median disease duration was 4,5 years (range; 0.5 to 12 years). A total of 24 of the 60 patients (40%) entered 52 weeks of continuous tocilizumab treatment. The ACR Pedi 30, 50, 70 and 90 were achieved by 82%, 47%, 29% and 12% of patients at Week 4 (N=52), and by 100%, 90%, 65%, and 43% of patients at Week 24 (N=50), and by 100%, 100%, 75%, and 45% of patients at Week 52 (N=24), respectively.The frequently observed non-severe adverse events were nasopharyngitis, upper respiratory tract infection and gastroenteritis. No cases of opportunistic infections, malignancies, autoimmune diseases, or death were reported. Two cases of pneumonia and cellulytis. 25 patients had incidences of neutropenia. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Clinical improvements in the signs and symptoms of systemic JIA were also achieved in favorable levels in tocilizumab in the treatment of children with JIA. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
ESTUDIO COMPARATIVO DE LA VIABILIDAD DEL ACCESO PANCREÁTICO A TRAVÉS DE PAPILA MINOR vs. ACCESO A TRAVÉS DE PAPILA MAYOR PARA LA TERAPÉUTICA PANCREÁTICA
Authors: JJ Vila, M Ostiz, S Goñi, M Kutz, J Urman, F Bolado, I Fernández-Urién, FJ Jiménez
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

Métodos: Seleccionamos pacientes sometidos a terapéutica pancreática transpapilar en nuestro centro (Enero/2009-Agosto/2010). Confeccionamos dos grupos según acceso pancreático por papila mayor (GrupoMayor) o minor (GrupoMinor). Los criterios para terapéutica por papila minor: páncreas divisum sintomático o imposibilidad de acceso pancreático por papila mayor. Excluimos pacientes sometidos a terapéutica transmural, prótesis pancreática profiláctica por CPRE biliar o canulación pancreática previa. Comparamos éxito técnico (canulación pancreática profunda con guía), terapéutica realizada, éxito clínico (resolución parcial/total de la sintomatología) y complicaciones.
A5.2 Accumulation of Circulating Autoreactive Naïve B Cells Reveal Defects of Early B Cell Tolerance Checkpoints in Patients with Sjögren’s Syndrome
Authors: Elisa Corsiero, Nurhan Sutcliffe, Hedda Wardemann, Costantino Pitzalis, Michele Bombardieri
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background and Objectives</h3> Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease characterised by high affinity circulating autoantibodies and peripheral B cell disturbances with predominance of naïve and reduction of memory B cells. The stage at which errors in B cell tolerance checkpoints accumulate in SS is unknown. Here we determined the frequency of self- and poly-reactive B cells in the circulating naïve compartment of SS patients. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> Single CD27-IgD+ B cells were sorted by FACS from peripheral blood of SS patients and healthy donors (HD). RNA was used to amplify Ig VH and VL genes and PCR products were cloned and expressed as recombinant monoclonal antibodies displaying identical specificity of the original B cells. Recombinant antibodies were tested towards different antigens to determine the frequency of autoreactive and polyreactive clones. <h3>Results</h3> 66 recombinant antibodies were generated from naïve B cells of 4 SS patients and compared to 45 clones from 2 HD. Analysis of the VH and VL gene usage showed no significant differences between SS and HD. Conversely, we observed accumulation of circulating autoreactive naïve B cells in SS as demonstrated by increased reactivity towards Hep2 cells (43.1% SS versus 25% HD) and ENA (19.6% SS clones versus none). Among ENA+ clones, 6 displayed reactivity towards Ro/SSA and/or La/SSB. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Here using an efficient strategy to express recombinant monoclonal antibodies from single B cells we demonstrated an elevated frequency of autoreactive naïve B cells in the circulation of SS patients supporting the existence of early defects in B cell tolerance checkpoints in SS.
FDA Approves New Drug Threapy For Prostate cancer
Authors: F. Antoine
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Journal Article FDA Approves New Drug Threapy For Prostate cancer Get access Florence Antoine Florence Antoine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 81, Issue 5, 1 March 1989, Page 326, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/81.5.326 Published: 01 March 1989
Intérêt de l'IRM hépatique de diffusion dans la pathologie hépatique (expérience d'un service marocain)
Authors: B Ihyane, F Rouibaa, S Majdouli, A Aziz
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

L'IRM hépatique de diffusion (IRMD) étudie la mobilité des molécules d'eau dans le tissu hépatique. Les applications actuelles en pathologie hépatique sont; la caractérisation des lésions, leurs détection et leur suivi thérapeutique, et les modifications tissulaires notamment dans la fibrose hépatique. En raison de sa rapidité d'acquisition, de sa sensibilité et des informations supplémentaires qu'elle apporte, cette nouvelle méthode devrait être incluse dans les protocoles de routine en imagerie hépatique. Le but de notre travail rapporter les indications ainsi que les résultats de l'IRMD dans la pathologie hépatique.
Screening Mammography and Age Recommendations—Reply
Authors: Nancy L. Keating, Lydia E. Pace
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 1027: Helicobacter pylori blood biomarkers for gastric cancer risk in the Shanghai Men's Health Study
Authors: Meira Epplein, Wei Zheng, Yong-Bing Xiang, Richard M. Peek, Honglan Li, Pelayo Correa, Jing Gao, Angelika Michel, Michael Pawlita, Qiuyin Cai, Xiao-Ou Shu
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: Helicobacter pylori is the leading identified risk factor for distal gastric cancer, yet only a fraction of infected individuals ever develop neoplasia. To identify potential risk markers in a Chinese population where over 90% of individuals are infected with H. pylori, we assessed the association between antibodies to 15 Helicobacter pylori proteins and gastric cancer risk in a case-control study nested in a population-based cohort study. Methods: Each incident distal gastric cancer case (n = 227) identified between 2002 and 2009 among members of the Shanghai Men's Health Study was matched to two controls based on age, timing of blood collection, and recent antibiotic use. Serum levels of antibodies to 15 Helicobacter pylori proteins were assessed using multiplex serology. Multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using conditional logistic regression. Results: Sero-positivity to three (Omp, HP0305, HyuA) of fifteen proteins assessed were associated with an approximate two-fold significantly increased risk for gastric cancer. When excluding cases who were diagnosed within two years of study enrollment (and their matched controls), sero-positivity to two additional proteins (HpaA and NapA) showed significant associations with risk. An association with CagA sero-positivity was also suggested. Compared to individuals with ≤3 sero-positive results to the six virulent proteins identified in this population, individuals with 4-5 sero-positive results were at a two-fold increased risk (OR=1.93, 95% CI: 1.25-3.00) and individuals sero-positive to all 6 proteins had an over 3-fold increase in risk (OR=3.31, 95% CI: 1.86-5.89) for distal gastric cancer. Among individuals least likely to have begun cascade of events leading to gastric cancer, these associations were even stronger (OR=2.74, 95% CI: 1.58-4.73 and OR=4.72, 95% CI: 2.22-10.03, respectively). Conclusions: In the Chinese population, among whom H. pylori-infection is highly prevalent, increasing number of sero-positives to six H. pylori proteins (Omp, HP0305, HyuA, HpaA, CagA, and VacA) may predict the risk of gastric cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1027. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1027
Abstract 334: Evaluation of ProEx C (MCM2 and TOP2A), p16 and Ki-67 as biomarkers for cervical carcinoma
Authors: Hong-Wei Wang, Paul Terinate, Youfang Gao, May Wei, A.R. Poongothai, Krishan L. Kalra
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women worldwide. Many studies have confirmed a strong correlation between p16 overexpression and high-grade premalignant or malignant lesions of the cervix. A newer biomarker ProEx C has been implicated as a useful indicator for cervical cancer. However, data on comparison between these biomarkers in cervical cancer remain limited. In this study, we investigated the expression of ProExC, p16 and Ki-67 in cervical carcinoma and ovarian tumors as comparison. Objective: To determine the value of ProEx C combined with p16 and Ki-67 in detection of cervical carcinoma. Methods: Total of 28 cases of cervical carcinoma biopsies were included in this study, among these one was adenocarcinoma and 27 cases were squamous cell carcinoma type. Ovary tissue microarray (TMA) samples (BioGenex TS-4212) were used for comparison. ProEx C antibody cocktail was prepared from rabbit monoclonal antibodies against minichromosome maintenance protein 2 (MCM2, clone ID: EPR4120) and Topoisomerase II alpha (TOP2A, clone ID: EP1102Y). All tissue samples were examined for expression of p16 and Ki67. Co-localization of ProEx C/p16 and ProEx C/Ki-67 was determined by simultaneous double stain method. Fully automated Xmatrx® system was used for the IHC staining. Results: Overexpression of ProEx C was found in all 28 cases of cervical carcinoma tissues. All the cancer cells and some other proliferative cell types showed nucleus staining pattern. Upregulated expression of p16 was observed in all 28 cases, with both nucleus and cytoplasmic staining. The p16 staining was limited within those cancer cells. Simultaneous double stain for ProEx C/p16 demonstrated that over 90% of cancer cells co-expressing these two biomarkers. Although Ki-67 staining was also observed in all the cases, a variable portion (less than 50%) of cancer cells was Ki-67 positive. ProEx C/Ki-67 double positive cells were ranging from 20% to 40% of total ProEx C positive cells. Of the 41 ovary tissues from TMA, 35 were ovarian tumor samples and ProEx C positive, 17/35 was p16 positive (48.6%). Conclusions: 1) ProEx C is a sensitive proliferation biomarker for diagnosis of cancer, which is more sensitive in determining proliferation status than that of Ki-67. 2) p16 is a more specific biomarker for cervical carcinoma than that for ovarian cancer. 3) Combination of ProEx C and p16 may increase the sensitivity and specificity in cervical cancer detection. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 334. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-334
Long-Term Digitalis Therapy Improves Left Ventricular Function in Heart Failure
Authors: Stephen B. Arnold, Randolph C. Byrd, Wolfgang Meister, Kenneth Melmon, Melvin D. Cheitlin, J. David Bristow, William W. Parmley, Kanu Chatterjee
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

To clarify the controversy regarding the benefits of long-term oral digoxin in the treatment of heart failure, we evaluated hemodynamics at rest and during exercise in nine patients in sinus rhythm with symptomatic heart failure. Patients were studied during long-term digoxin therapy, after withdrawal of the drug, and six hours after readministration. Upon withdrawal of digoxin, pulmonary capillary-wedge pressure increased from 21 +/- 8 to 29 +/- 10 mm Hg, and cardiac index decreased from 2.4 +/- 0.7 to 2.1 +/- 0.6 liters per minute per square meter of body-surface area, suggesting a deterioration in left ventricular function. In addition, heart rate tended to increase and stroke-work index, stroke-volume index, and radioangiographic ejection fraction decreased. Acute readministration restored the hemodynamic values to those observed during long-term digoxin therapy. The improvement in hemodynamics during long-term digoxin administration was also observed during exercise. This improvement demonstrated the value of long-term oral digoxin therapy in congestive heart failure.
SAT0342 Mortality in Osteoarthritis : A Systematic Review
Authors: R. Liu, T. W. Huizinga, M. Kloppenburg
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> The association between osteoarthritis (OA) and mortality has been a subject of interest, as this may lead us to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of OA. Unfortunately, study results have been controversial. <h3>Objectives</h3> To conduct a systematic review to determine the true association between OA and mortality. <h3>Methods</h3> A systematic search was performed in the databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, COCHRANE, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, CINAHL and Academic Search Premier up to October 2011. Two independent reviewers identified studies that reported mortality for OA patients, compared with a non-OA population. Study quality was also assessed Information on study design, patient characteristics, OA status, duration of follow-up, mortality assessment and outcomes were extracted for each study. <h3>Results</h3> The electronic databases yielded 1598 individual articles of which 1387 articles were excluded on the basis of title and 116 articles on the basis of abstracts. Ninety-five articles were screened full-text and only 27 articles met the inclusion criteria. Five articles were additionally excluded due to multiple publications for the same population, the lack of OA specific information or short follow-up time. Finally, 22 studies, investigating 23 patient populations, were included in the present review. Most studies involved knee or hip OA (n=17). Comparisons were mostly made with the general population using information from the country's bureau of statistics. The quality of these studies varied widely. Thirteen studies reported mortality in 14 study populations, receiving either total knee or hip arthroplasty; the majority of these studies found lower mortality rates for OA patients. Four studies, generally of low quality, of which three hospital based found increased mortality rates, whereas one study, in OA patients consulting their general practitioners, did not. Five studies were based in the general population; two high quality studies reported higher mortality rates, while the other studies (of a varying quality) reported lower and equal mortality rates for OA cases. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The heterogeneous quality of the studies has unfortunately resulted in important limitations to our interpretation of the evidence. The association between OA and mortality appears to be complex, depending on the phenotype. Factors, such as selection bias, care seeking behavior, OA subtype, etc could account for the observed differences. Further studies are warranted. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Abstract 1155: Quantification of circulating tumor cells in peripheral blood using EGFR-targeting gold nanoparticles
Authors: Xu Wang, Ximei Qian, Jonathan J. Beitler, Zhuo Georgia Chen, Shuming Nie, Dong M. Shin
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: The prognostic significance of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) is of great clinical interest. HNSCCs are overwhelmingly EGFR positive. Objective: Our goal was to pilot nanotechnology to identify CTCs in human xenograft mouse model as a prelude to clinical use. Methods: Surface-enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS)-gold nanocrystals (60 nm) were prepared by spectral encoding with a Raman reporter molecule and then stabilized and protected by low molecular weight polyethylene glycols (PEGs). Heterofunctional PEG was covalently conjugated to epidermal growth factor (EGF) peptide, a ligand that binds to EGFR with high specificity and affinity. To identify CTC in normal mouse blood, varying quantities of Tu212 cells were added into mice blood samples, then our nanoparticle was added to the sample and the presence of Tu212 cells were detected in vitro using laser excitation of the Raman reporters. Different types of cancer cells with variable EGFR expression were also examined in blood to confirm the specificity of the EGF-targeted SERS nanoparticles. Normal mouse blood served as the experimental control to account for non-specific binding. Results: The cellular uptake of the EGFR-targeting nanoparticle in high EGFR expression Tu212 cells was about 10-fold higher than that in low EGFR expression H460 cells in vitro, suggesting a specific EGFR targeting of the gold nanoparticle. Tu212 cells could be selectively labeled and quantified (5.6 × 104 nanoparticles/cell) at a concentration of approximately 10 cells per ml of normal mouse blood. Comparing the labeling of Tu212 cells by our nanoparticles with H460 cells in the mouse blood samples showed that the signal intensity in Tu212 cells was about 9-fold higher than that in H460 cells ((3750 ± 230 vs. 350 ± 120, respectively, p &amp;lt;0.05). These results indicated high sensitivity and specificity of using SERS-gold nanoparticles for detection of CTCs. Conclusion: We have demonstrated the ability to use targeted surface-enhanced Raman gold nanoparticles to quantify CTCs with EGFR expression (This research was supported by the National Cancer Institute award 5 P50 CA128613 and U54CA119338-04). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1155.
<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>Nasal Carriage and Infection in Patients on Hemodialysis
Authors: Victor L. Yu, Angella Goetz, Marilyn Wagener, Peter B. Smith, John D. Rihs, James Hanchett, Jeffrey J. Zuravleff
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

We conducted a five-year prospective controlled study of prophylaxis of Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage and infection among patients in a hemodialysis unit. Carriers tended to have chronic colonization with a single phage type. S. aureus infections occurred significantly more frequently in carriers than in noncarriers and, in 93 percent of the infected carriers, were caused by the same phage type as that carried in the nares. Neither intravenous vancomycin nor topical bacitracin was found to be efficacious in eradicating nasal carriage. However, oral rifampin given for five days decreased S. aureus carriage over a one-month follow-up period, but within three months colonization of the nares recurred in most carriers, often with an S. aureus of the original phage type. Carriers were then randomly assigned to receive either rifampin or no prophylaxis. Rifampin was readministered at three-month intervals if culture of the anterior nares yielded S. aureus. Infections with S. aureus occurred significantly more frequently in carriers given no prophylaxis than in those given a full course of rifampin. S. aureus resistant to rifampin was isolated from the anterior nares of four patients, but these isolates were not implicated in any infections. The incidence of infection at the dialysis access site, skin, and soft tissue of patients on hemodialysis can be decreased by interventions directed at nasal carriage of S. aureus.