tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Quantification of Clara cell protein in rat and mouse biological fluids using a sensitive immunoassay
Authors: T Halatek, C Hermans, F Broeckaert, R Wattiez, M Wiedig, G Toubeau, P Falmagne, A Bernard
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1998)

Clara cell protein is a 16-17 kDa protein (CC16) secreted by Clara cells in the bronchiolar lining fluid of the lung. In order to investigate the potential of this protein as a pulmonary marker in animals, CC16 was isolated from rat bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and a sensitive latex immunoassay applicable to both rat and mouse CC16 was developed. The pattern of CC16 concentrations in rat biological fluids determined by the immunoassay was consistent with the hypothesis of a passive diffusion of the protein across the bronchoalveolar/blood barriers showing a difference of more than 5,000 fold between the concentration in the epithelial lining fluid (mean, 140 mg x L(-1)) and that in serum (20 microg x L(-1)) or urine (3 microg x L(-1)). In BALF, the CC16 concentration averaged 5,500 microg x L(-1) and was of the same magnitude as that determined on lung and trachea homogenates. CC16 was also detectable in amniotic fluid with a mean value of 800 microg x L(-1) before delivery. Damage of Clara cells produced by methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl resulted in a significant decrease of CC16 in BALF but did not affect the serum levels of the protein. The nephrotoxicant sodium chromate by contrast had no influence on the CC16 content of BALF but markedly increased CC16 levels in both serum and urine as a result of impaired glomerular filtration and tubular reabsorption, respectively. In conclusion, mouse or rat Clara cell protein of 16-17 kDa can easily be quantified, not only in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, but also in extrapulmonary fluids such as serum or urine. Thus, in rodents, Clara cell protein of 16-17 kDa follows the same metabolic pathway as in humans, diffusing from the respiratory tract into serum where it is eliminated by the kidneys. This serum Clara cell protein of 16-17 kDa may be useful as a peripheral marker of events taking place in the respiratory tract.
1971–1991: Consumerism Grew As Cancer Became a Curable Disease
Authors: John Burklow
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Journal Article 1971–1991: Consumerism Grew As Cancer Became a Curable Disease Get access John Burklow John Burklow Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 83, Issue 17, 4 September 1991, Pages 1205–1207, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.17.1205 Published: 04 September 1991
No sedation in mechanical ventilation is associated with increased ventilator-free days
Authors: Z. Puthucheary
Journal: Thorax (2010)

Disadvantages of sedation in intensive care include prolonged ventilation, delirium and difficulties in mental status assessment. Previous studies comparing bolus sedation with continuous sedation have demonstrated a reduced duration of mechanical ventilation with boluses.

In this study 140 critically ill patients undergoing mechanical ventilation …
Curcumin Promotes Autophagic Survival of a Subset of Colon Cancer Stem Cells, Which Are Ablated by DCLK1-siRNA
Authors: Carla Kantara, Malaney O'Connell, Shubhashish Sarkar, Stephanie Moya, Robert Ullrich, Pomila Singh
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Curcumin is known to induce apoptosis of cancer cells by different mechanisms, but its effects on cancer stem cells (CSC) have been less investigated. Here, we report that curcumin promotes the survival of DCLK1-positive colon CSCs, potentially confounding application of its anticancer properties. At optimal concentrations, curcumin greatly reduced expression levels of stem cell markers (DCLK1/CD44/ALDHA1/Lgr5/Nanog) in three-dimensional spheroid cultures and tumor xenografts derived from colon cancer cells. However, curcumin unexpectedly induced proliferation and autophagic survival of a subset of DCLK1-positive CSCs. Spheroid cultures were disintegrated by curcumin in vitro but regrew within 30 to 40 days of treatment, suggesting a survival benefit from autophagy, permitting long-term persistence of colorectal cancer. Notably, RNA interference–mediated silencing of DCLK1 triggered apoptotic cell death of colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, and abolished colorectal cancer survival in response to curcumin; combination of DCLK1-siRNA and curcumin dramatically reversed CSC phenotype, contributing to attenuation of the growth of spheroid cultures and tumor xenografts. Taken together, our findings confirm a role of DCLK1 in colon CSCs and highlight DCLK1 as a target to enhance antitumor properties of curcumin. Cancer Res; 74(9); 2487–98. ©2014 AACR.
Carbonic anhydrase IX antigen differentiates between preneoplastic malignant lesions in non-small cell lung carcinoma
Authors: P. Vermylen, C Roufosse, A Burny, A Verhest, T Bosschaerts, S Pastorekova, V. Ninane, J-P. Sculier
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1999)

The MaTu interval (MN)/carbonic anhydrase (CA) IX tumour-associated antigen is a protein that is normally expressed in the gut and belongs to the carbonic anhydrase enzyme family (CA IX). It has been detected in tumour cell lines and in some solid tumours including cervical, oesophageal and clear cell renal carcinoma. This study determined MN/CA IX expression in 65 primary non-small cell lung cancer resected with curative intent and in 38 bronchial preneoplastic lesions, carcinoma in situ or microinvasive carcinoma as well as in normal bronchial tissue. The presence of MN/CA IX was detected using immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis, whenever frozen material was available. Immunostaining was positive in 52/65 (80%) of the tumour samples. The staining was more often focal than diffuse. The percentage of stained cells in positive tumours was highly variable, ranging 1-85%. The pattern of immunostaining was predominantly cytoplasmic with a membranous reinforcement (87%). The intensity was mainly strong (69%). The presence of the protein in the tumour was confirmed by Western blot analysis in the eight samples tested. All the morphologically normal epithelia, except in close vicinity of tumours in some cases, as well as the preneoplastic bronchial lesions (basal cell hyperplasia, metaplasia and dysplasia) were immunonegative for MN/CA IX expression. In contrast, carcinoma in situ and microinvasive epithelioma showed the presence of MN-immunopositive tumoural cells in 5/7 and 4/5 of the samples, respectively. These data suggest that MN/CA IX is a useful marker for the differentiation between preneoplastic lesions and bronchial non-small cell lung cancer in the lung.
Additional elevation of the ST segment: a possible early electrocardiographic marker of experimental myocardial reperfusion
Authors: J FIGUERAS, B BERMEJO
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1996)

To analyze the early electrocardiographic changes during experimental coronary reperfusion after 1 to 4 h of coronary occlusion. Methods: Recordings of epicardial and endocardial DC electrograms were performed in 35 open-chest pigs during coronary occlusions of 1 to 4 h duration followed by 1 h of reperfusion. Results: During occlusion, maximal ST segment elevation was reached between min 10 and 30 which was followed by and a steady decline. During the first 30 min of reperfusion, however, there was a further elevation of the ST segment with a peak at 5 min. Thus, values at the end of occlusion and at 5 min of reperfusion were: (a) group with 1 h occlusion (n = 11), 15.5 ± 7 and 37.4 ± 11.4 mm, P < 0.005; (b) group with 2 h occlusion (n = 6), 10.2 ± 4 and 24.7 ± 9.4 mm, P < 0.03; (c) group with 3 h occlusion (n = 6), 7.5 ± 3 and 16.8 ± 5.6 mm, P < 0.03; and (d) group with 4 h occlusion (n = 12), 6.4 ± 2.4 and 17.0 ± 8.9 mm, P < 0.01. In 9 animals from the group with 1 h occlusion, a second cycle of 1 h occlusion and reperfusion also showed re-elevation of ST segment during reperfusion, although to a lesser extent than the first one (from 10.0 ± 4.9 to 16.3 ± 7.1 mm, P < 0.01). Conclusions: Thus, our findings provide experimental evidence of an additional and paradoxical ST segment elevation as the earliest electrocardiographic sign of coronary reperfusion after 1 to 4 h of coronary occlusion. These observations may help to improve the interpretation of early electrocardiographic changes during thrombolysis in acute myocardial infarction.
Beer‐induced anaphylaxis: identification of allergens
Authors: E Figueredo, S Quirce, A Del Amo, J Cuesta, I Arrieta, C Lahoz, J Sastre
Journal: Allergy (1999)

We report on a 21-year-old atopic woman who developed urticaria, angioedema of the face, and wheezy dyspnea shortly after drinking beer and after eating a corn-made snack.Skin prick tests and specific IgE determinations to beer ingredients and cereal extracts were performed. Immunoblotting inhibition assays were carried out to investigate possible common allergens shared by barley and malt with corn.Skin prick tests and specific IgE measurements with beer, barley, malt, wheat, corn, rye, rice, and oat flour were positive. Ten pollen-allergic patients showed negative skin tests to beer. Double-blind, placebo-controlled, oral challenge tests with sodium metabisulfite and wheat flour were negative. Immunoblotting demonstrated several IgE-binding bands at 31-56 kDa in malt and barley extracts, and a major band at 38 kDa in the beer extract. Immunoblot inhibition assays showed that malt extract was able to inhibit most of the IgE-binding bands in wheat and corn extracts, whereas corn did not produce significant inhibition to barley and malt extracts.This patient developed type I hypersensitivity to barley/malt and corn. Although she also showed IgE reactivity to wheat and other cereals, no symptoms were elicited upon ingestion of these cereals, probably indicating latent sensitization to them.
Reduced interferon-gamma mRNA levels in human neonates. Evidence for an intrinsic T cell deficiency independent of other genes involved in T cell activation.
Authors: D B Lewis, A Larsen, C B Wilson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1986)

IFN-gamma mRNA levels in human neonatal blood mononuclear cells or highly purified T cells were markedly lower than those of adult cells after incubation with Con A and PMA. In contrast, IL-2, IL-2-R, and T3 delta chain mRNA levels were kinetically and quantitatively similar in neonatal and adult T cells. The peak amount of IFN-gamma and IL-2 mRNA correlated well with IFN-gamma and IL-2 detected in supernatants of both neonatal and adult T cells. These results suggest that reduced IFN-gamma mRNA levels in neonatal T cells is due to an intrinsic deficiency at the pretranslational level and indicate that the magnitude of IL-2 and IFN-gamma gene expression can be independently modulated pretranslationally.
Pim1 kinase is upregulated in glioblastoma multiforme and mediates tumor cell survival
Authors: Susann Herzog, Matthias Alexander Fink, Kerstin Weitmann, Claudius Friedel, Stefan Hadlich, Sönke Langner, Katharina Kindermann, Tobias Holm, Andreas Böhm, Eskil Eskilsson, Hrvoje Miletic, Markus Hildner, Michael Fritsch, Silke Vogelgesang, Christoph Havemann, Christoph Alexander Ritter, Henriette Elisabeth Meyer zu Schwabedissen, Bernhard Rauch, Wolfgang Hoffmann, Heyo Klaus Kroemer, Henry Schroeder, Sandra Bien-Möller
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

The current therapy for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most aggressive and common primary brain tumor of adults, involves surgery and a combined radiochemotherapy that controls tumor progression only for a limited time window. Therefore, the identification of new molecular targets is highly necessary. Inhibition of kinases has become a standard of clinical oncology, and thus the oncogenic kinase Pim1 might represent a promising target for improvement of GBM therapy.Expression of Pim1 and associated signaling molecules was analyzed in human GBM samples, and the potential role of this kinase in patients' prognosis was evaluated. Furthermore, we analyzed the in vivo role of Pim1 in GBM cell growth in an orthotopic mouse model and examined the consequences of Pim1 inhibition in vitro to clarify underlying pathways.In comparison with normal brain, a strong upregulation of Pim1 was demonstrated in human GBM samples. Notably, patients with short overall survival showed a significantly higher Pim1 expression compared with GBM patients who lived longer than the median. In vitro experiments with GBM cells and analysis of patients' GBM samples suggest that Pim1 regulation is dependent on epidermal growth factor receptor. Furthermore, inhibition of Pim1 resulted in reduced cell viability accompanied by decreased cell numbers and increased apoptotic cells, as seen by elevated subG1 cell contents and caspase-3 and -9 activation, as well as modulation of several cell cycle or apoptosis regulatory proteins.Altogether, Pim1 could be a novel therapeutic target, which should be further analyzed to improve the outcome of patients with aggressive GBM.
Concentration of Mycobacterium avium by hospital hot water systems
Authors: G. C. du Moulin
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Water from 34 sites on two temporarily vacant hospital floors was analyzed for the presence of mycobacteria. These sites included 18 cold water taps and 16 hot water taps, including shower heads. A total of 14 sites (41%) demonstrated the presence of<i>Mycobacterium avium</i>as confirmed by biochemical characterization, DNA/rRNA probe analysis, and seroagglutination. Of positive sites, 11 were hot water sources with an average temperature of 55°C and yielding up to 500 colony-forming units per 100 mL. Seven of 11 strains analyzed for glycolipid antigens were identified with the type 4 serovar, the preponderant serovar of<i>M avium</i>in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome from the Boston area. Potable hot water systems, particularly those that generate aerosols, may contain concentrations of<i>M avium</i>greater than those found in cold water systems and could serve as an environmental source for colonization and infection of immunocompromised persons. (<i>JAMA</i>1988;260:1599-1601)
The Sources of Inflammatory Mediators in the Lung after Silica Exposure
Authors: K. Murali Krishna Rao, Dale W. Porter, Terence Meighan, Vince Castranova
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2004)

The expression of 10 genes implicated in regulation of the inflammatory processes in the lung was studied after exposure of alveolar macrophages (AMs) to silica in vitro or in vivo. Exposure of AMs to silica in vitro up-regulated the messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of three genes [interleukin-6 (IL-6), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2)] without a concomitant increase in the protein levels. AMs isolated after intratracheal instillation of silica up-regulated mRNA levels of four additional genes [granulocyte/macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), IL-1beta, IL-10, and inducible nitric oxide synthase]. IL-6, MCP-1, and MIP-2 protein levels were elevated in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Fibroblasts under basal culture conditions express much higher levels of IL-6 and GM-CSF compared with AMs. Coculture of AMs and alveolar type II cells, or coculture of AMs and lung fibroblasts, in contact cultures or Transwell chambers, revealed no synergistic effect. Therefore, such interaction does not explain the effects seen in vivo. Identification of the intercellular communication in vivo is still unresolved. However, fibroblasts appear to be an important source of inflammatory mediators in the lung.
Mast cell anaphylatoxin receptor expression can enhance IgE-dependent skin inflammation in mice
Authors: Beatrix Schäfer, Adrian M. Piliponsky, Tatsuya Oka, Chang Ho Song, Norma P. Gerard, Craig Gerard, Mindy Tsai, Janet Kalesnikoff, Stephen J. Galli
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
Inpatient Rehabilitation After Total Joint Replacement
Authors: Joseph D. Zuckerman
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Erythropoiesis in Anephric Man *
Authors: David G. Nathan, Eugene Schupak, Frederick Stohlman, John P. Merrill
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1964)

Recent progress in the understanding of the physiology of erythropoiesis has led to definition of the kidney's importance as a source of erythro- poietin.Although Erslev (1, 2) did not docu- ment erythropoietin production in rabbit kidney in vivo, Jacobson, Goldwasser, Fried, and Plzak (3), Reissmann, Nomura, Gunn, and Brosius (4), and Naets and Heuse (5, 6) clearly managed to define the kidney as an important regulator of erythropoiesis in rats and dogs.The studies in the dog were very convincing, for Naets (5) de- scribed nearly total and permanent erythroid aplasia after bilateral nephrectomy.Increasing ability to manage chronic renal fail- ure and the renoprival state, by both renal transplantation and intermittent, long-term hemodialy- sis, has offered the opportunity to examine the possible role of the kidney in human erythropoie- sis.Several uremic patients have undergone bi- lateral nephrectomy, remaining renoprival for from 2 to over 400 days before suitable homotransplantation could be performed.One individual, in whom a solitary kidney was accidentally re- moved, was subsequently transferred to the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital and studied before trans- plantation.In addition, erythropoiesis was meas- ured in two patients who were considered for, but did not undergo, bilateral nephrectomy.
Corticosteroid injection for the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome
Authors: D O'Gradaigh
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2000)

<h3>OBJECTIVE</h3> To compare low and high dose, and short and long acting corticosteroids in the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome. <h3>METHODS</h3> A randomised, controlled, single blind trial with electromyographic and subjective outcome measures. <h3>RESULTS</h3> 25 mg hydrocortisone is as effective as higher doses or long acting triamcinolone at a six week and six month follow up. <h3>CONCLUSION</h3> As low dose steroid is as effective, and potentially less toxic, this should be the recommended dose for injection of carpal tunnel syndrome.
Irritable bowel syndrome and negative appendectomy: a prospective multivariable investigation
Authors: C.-L. Lu, C.-C. Liu, J.-L. Fuh, P.-Y. Liu, C.-W. Wu, F.-Y. Chang, S.-D. Lee
Journal: Gut (2007)

To examine prospectively whether irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or other variables-that is, psychiatric profiles, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and clinical features-are associated with negative appendectomy (NA).Longitudinal study.Inpatient and emergency service in a university-affiliated teaching hospital.430 consecutive patients underwent emergent surgery for suspected appendicitis.Rome-II IBS questionnaire; the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; the Short-Form 36 survey; the clinical, pathological and CT findings.The NA group (n = 68, 15.8%) was younger, with female predominance, higher prevalence of Rome-II IBS, higher anxiety/depression scores and lower levels of HRQoL than the positive appendectomy group. The patients with NA tended to have atypical presentations (absence of migration pain/fever/muscle guarding), lower white cell count and percentage of polymorphonuclear cells (PMNC) and lower rate of CT scan usage than the positive group. After multiple logistic regression, IBS (OR 2.17; 95% CI 1.14 to 4.24), degree of anxiety (OR 1.12; 95% CI 1.02 to 1.49), absence of migrating pain (OR 3.43; 95% CI 1.90 to 5.95)/muscle guarding (OR 3.72; 95% CI 2.07 to 6.70), a lower PMNC percentage (<75%; OR 3.05; 95% CI 1.69 to 5.51) and no CT scan usage (OR 2.32; 95% CI 1.27 to 4.26) were found to be the independent factors in predicting NA.Both patient (IBS, anxiety, atypical presentation) and physician (low CT scan usage) factors are the independent determinants predicting NA. Physicians should be cautious before operating on or referring patients with IBS for appendectomy. CT scan should be considered in patients with suspected appendicitis, particularly in those with IBS and atypical clinical presentations.
Hypouricemia and Hyperuricosuria as Expressions of Renal Tubular Damage in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
Authors: Namiki Izumi, Yasushi Hasumura, Jugoro Takeuchi
Journal: Hepatology (1983)

Renal tubular damage, in particular, renal tubular acidosis is associated with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), but hypouricemia has not been described. We studied four patients with PBC whose serum uric acid levels were 1.4 to 1.8 mg per dl, and compared their renal and liver functions with those of 11 patients with PBC whose serum uric acid levels were normal. In the patients with PBC and hypouricemia, uric acid clearance (Cua) and the ratio of Cua and creatinine clearance (Cua/Ccr) were high enough to cause hypouricemia. Elevated Cua/Ccr was suppressed by administration of pyrazinamide, a blocker of tubular secretion of uric acid, but was not affected by probenecid; the effects of drugs on Cua/Ccr were similar to those reported in Wilson's disease. Elevation in Cua/Ccr was associated with increased serum bilirubin and urinary copper excretion. These observations indicate that hypouricemia and hyperuricosuria, which may be caused by defective postsecretory reabsorption of uric acid, are additional indicators of renal tubular damage in PBC.