tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Role of Energy, Nutrients, Foods, and Dietary Patterns in the Development of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies
Authors: Danielle A.J.M. Schoenaker, Gita D. Mishra, Leonie K. Callaway, Sabita S. Soedamah-Muthu
Journal: Diabetes Care (2015)

OBJECTIVE Diet may influence the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), but inconsistent findings have been reported. The purpose of this study was to synthesize evidence from observational studies on the associations between dietary factors and GDM. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Medline and Embase were searched for articles published until January 2015. We included observational studies of reproductive-aged women that reported on associations of maternal dietary intake before or during pregnancy, including energy, nutrients, foods, and dietary patterns, with GDM. All relevant results were extracted from each article. The number of comparable studies that adjusted for confounders was insufficient to perform a meta-analysis. RESULTS The systematic review included 34 articles comprising 21 individual studies (10 prospective cohort, 6 cross-sectional, and 5 case-control). A limited number of prospective cohort studies adjusting for confounders indicated associations with a higher risk of GDM for replacing 1–5% of energy from carbohydrates with fat and for high consumption of cholesterol (≥300 mg/day), heme iron (≥1.1 mg/day), red and processed meat (increment of 1 serving/day), and eggs (≥7 per week). A dietary pattern rich in fruit, vegetables, whole grains, and fish and low in red and processed meat, refined grains, and high-fat dairy was found to be beneficial. The current evidence is based on a limited number of studies that are heterogeneous in design, exposure, and outcome measures. CONCLUSIONS The findings support current dietary guidelines to limit consumption of foods containing saturated fat and cholesterol, such as processed meat and eggs, as part of an overall balanced diet. Further large prospective studies are warranted.
Abstract 4648: Differential regulation of estrogen metabolizing CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 enzymes by novel resveratrol analogs in breast cancer cells
Authors: Amruta Mukund Ronghe, Anwesha Chatterjee, Subhash Padhye, Hari K. Bhat
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Evidence from epidemiological and experimental studies suggest an association between diets rich in phytoestrogens and reduced risk of breast cancer. Resveratrol, a bioflavonoid, found naturally in grapes, fruits and nuts, has been shown to be a potent chemopreventive agent in vitro. However, poor bioavailability, rapid metabolism and poor specificity limit its use as the preferred anticancer agent. In an attempt to improve the anticancer properties of resveratrol, we synthesized several analogs of resveratrol with appropriate chemical modifications. Of the compounds that were screened for anticancer activity towards breast cancer cells, two analogs, namely, HPIMBD and TIMBD showed better potency and selectivity in inhibiting the growth of breast cancer cell lines while they did not significantly affect the growth of non-neoplastic breast epithelial cell lines. In this study, we investigated the ability of resveratrol and resveratrol analogs in the regulation of estrogen metabolizing genes, cytochrome P450 (Cyp) 1A1, 1B1 and their upstream regulator AhR in breast cancer and non-neoplastic breast epithelial cells. Non-neoplastic breast epithelial cell line MCF-10A and breast cancer cell lines T47D and MDA-MB-231 were treated with resveratrol, HPIMBD or TIMBD. From cells in culture, mRNA and protein was isolated and expression analyses of CYP1A1, CYP1B1 and AhR carried out by PCR and western blot analyses. Unlike resveratrol, HPIMBD and TIMBD significantly induced the mRNA and protein expression levels of CYP1A1 and AhR while they inhibited that of CYP1B1. Also, HPIMBD and TIMBD induced the expression of CYP1A1 in an AhR-dependent fashion while they inhibited CYP1B1 expression of CYP1B1 by a proteosomal degradation pathway. Cyp1A1 preferentially metabolizes estradiol to 2-hydroxyestradiol and Cyp1B1 to 4-hydroxyestradiol. While, 2-hydroxyestradiol and its methylated product are suggested to be chemo-protective, 4-hydroxyestradiol is regarded as a carcinogenic metabolite of estradiol. Taken together, our findings indicate that novel resveratrol analogs HPIMBD and TIMBD differentially regulate the expressions of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 in breast cancer cells that may have implications in chemoprevention of breast cancer by these analogs. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Amruta Mukund Ronghe, Anwesha Chatterjee, Subhash Padhye, Hari K. Bhat. Differential regulation of estrogen metabolizing CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 enzymes by novel resveratrol analogs in breast cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 4648. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-4648
Abstract 2039: Trim21: A novel regulator of Par-4 and oncogenic signaling
Authors: Jeffrey Nguyen, Rosalyn Irby
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Prostate apoptosis response protein 4 (Par-4) is a tumor suppressor that induces apoptosis selectively in cancer cells. Although Par-4 levels have been shown to be regulated by ubiqutin-mediated proteolysis, it is not known whether Par-4 function is regulated by ubiquination. To identify novel protein interaction partners of Par-4, we used co-immunoprecipitation of Par-4, followed by in-solution trypsin digestion and mass spectrometry. We demonstrate that Trim21, an E3 ligase that acts as a negative regulator of inflammatory signaling partially through ubiquitination of various downstream transcription factors, is a novel Par-4 interacting protein, and may regulate the activity of Par-4. Furthermore, similar to Par-4, we found that Trim21 inhibits Akt activation. Our studies reveal that Trim21 is a novel E3 ligase of Par-4, and extends its role from regulation of immune signaling to regulation of apoptosis and oncogenic signaling in colon cancer cells. Citation Format: Jeffrey Nguyen, Rosalyn Irby. Trim21: A novel regulator of Par-4 and oncogenic signaling. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 2039. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-2039
The cognitive-emotional brain is an embodied and social brain
Authors: Julian Kiverstein, Mark Miller
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2015)

Abstract Pessoa (2013) makes a compelling case for conceiving of emotion and cognition as deeply integrated processes in the brain. We will begin our commentary by asking what implications this view of the brain has for an ontology of cognition – a theory of what cognition is and what cognitive processes exist. We will suggest that Pessoa's book, The Cognitive-Emotional Brain , provides strong support for an embodied theory of cognition. We end our commentary by offering some speculation about how Pessoa's arguments naturally extend to social cognition.
Short-range cytokine gradients to mimic paracrine cell interactions in vitro
Authors: Michael Ansorge, Nadine Rastig, Ralph Steinborn, Tina König, Lars Baumann, Stephanie Möller, Matthias Schnabelrauch, Michael Cross, Carsten Werner, Annette G. Beck-Sickinger, Tilo Pompe
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2016)
Outcome of relapsed infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated on the interfant-99 protocol
Authors: E M C Driessen, P de Lorenzo, M Campbell, M Felice, A Ferster, I Hann, A Vora, L Hovi, G Escherich, C K Li, G Mann, T Leblanc, F Locatelli, A Biondi, J Rubnitz, M Schrappe, L Silverman, J Stary, R Suppiah, T Szczepanski, M Valsecchi, R Pieters
Journal: Leukemia (2015)
Is erythropoietin a survival factor for red blood cells?
Authors: M Polenakovic, A Sikole
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1996)

Recombinant human erythropoietin (rhuEPO) therapy has been reported to maintain corrected hematocrit values by increasing the length of red blood cell (RBC) survival. This article presents a controlled study that assessed the RBC survival before, during, and after termination of prolonged rhuEPO treatment of chronic hemodialysis patients. Two groups of 20 patients were studied. The hematocrit value of each patient was below 28 vol%. One group (Group A) was treated with rhuEPO for 1 yr and then treatment was stopped because of the unavailability of the drug. The second group (Group B) was treated for 2 yr. Epoetin beta was administered subcutaneously. The initial dose was 20 U per kg body weight three times weekly. Upon reaching the target hematocrit value of 30 to 35 vol%, the dose was individualized for each patient, to maintain target range. RBC survival was determined by the chromium-51 technique. In Group A, RBC survival was determined: (1) before, (2) at 12 months, and (3) 1 yr after cessation of rhuEPO treatment. In Group B, RBC survival was determined: (1) at 24 months of therapy, and (2) 1 yr after cessation of rhuEPO treatment. RBC survival increased significantly in both patient groups under rhuEPO treatment. After cessation of therapy, the RBC survival decreased to pretreatment values. During the correction period, reticulocyte counts increased significantly in both groups. Over the maintenance period, they slightly decreased, and after termination of rhuEPO therapy, they decreased to the pretreatment values. The results of this study could suggest the possibility that RBC survival was prolonged by the action of EPO on the erythroid progenitors, resulting in the production of RBC with improved viability.
Promoting tumor penetration of nanoparticles for cancer stem cell therapy by TGF-β signaling pathway inhibition
Authors: Zu-Qi Zuo, Kai-Ge Chen, Xiao-Yuan Yu, Gui Zhao, Song Shen, Zhi-Ting Cao, Ying-Li Luo, Yu-Cai Wang, Jun Wang
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)
Remission in SLE: closing in on the target
Authors: Ronald F van Vollenhoven, Alexandre Voskuyl, Eric Morand, Cynthia Aranow
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

I'm in complete remission. I'm alive and well.Gene Wilder

Over the past decades, the concept of ‘remission’ has emerged as a moniker for the disease state one would ideally like to achieve when a ‘cure’—the ultimate goal of medical intervention—cannot realistically be hoped for. Originally used in oncology to describe the absence of detectable tumour, remission has become an important concept among medical specialties treating autoimmune inflammatory diseases. In some of these disease areas, three distinct processes have taken place: 

Needless to say, these three developments have strongly influenced each other. Thus, the existence of specific and quantitative definitions of remission made it possible to articulate it as a therapeutic target, and has made the term remission a topic of discussion in many scientific publications and in patient–physician encounters.

In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the concept of remission has also been discussed extensively. Remission in SLE is widely understood as a desirable disease state that should …
The dark side of ID8-Luc2: pitfalls for luciferase tagged murine models for ovarian cancer
Authors: Thaïs Baert, Tina Verschuere, Anaïs Van Hoylandt, Rik Gijsbers, Ignace Vergote, An Coosemans
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2015)

Reliable mouse models are key in the discovery and development of novel anticancer treatments. Non-invasive monitoring techniques such as bioluminescence imaging (BLI) are useful tools to determine tumor engraftment and evaluate tumor growth. However, the development of ascites in ovarian cancer mouse models leads to possible difficulties. Ascites can interfere with the set-up of correct end points and can interfere with the evaluation of tumor volume using BLI. We provide optimized euthanasia criteria and in vivo data underlining the pitfalls of BLI.
A prospective, randomized trial of simultaneous pancreatic cancer treatment with enoxaparin and chemotherapy (PROSPECT - CONKO 004)
Authors: U. Pelzer, A. Hilbig, J. Stieler, L. Roll, M. Stauch, B. Opitz, T. Scholten, S. Hahnfeld, B. Dörken, H. Riess, H. Oettle
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

4110 Background: Approximately 20% of patients (pts) diagnosed with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PA) develop venous thromboembolism, which may contribute to the dismal prognosis of PA. A small phase II trial suggested an improved survival by the addition of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) to chemotherapy (Icli et al., ASCO 2003). We conducted a small pilot study which indicated that the addition of enoxaparin to chemotherapy GFFC chemotherapy (see below) is safe and feasible in pts with advanced PA. Furthermore, results of several phase III studies suggest that pts in good performance status may benefit from more intensive chemotherapy regimen (Riess et al; Heinemann et al; ASCO 2005). Based on these considerations we started the multicenter phase III study CONKO 004. Methods: 540 patients are to be recruited into this study. Primary stratification takes place according to Karnowsky performance status and kidney function. Patients with KPS &gt; 80% and normal kidney function receive GFFC ± LMWH (gemcitabine 1 g/m 2 (30 min), cisplatin 30 mg/m 2 (90 min), 5-fluorouracil 750 mg/m 2 (24 h), folinic acid 200 mg/m 2 (30 min), d1, 8; q3w ± Enoxaparin 1mg/kg daily s.c.). Pts with KPS &lt; 80 % and increased creatinin plasma levels (&gt;1.3 mg/dl) receive the current standard therapy (gemcitabine 1 g/m 2 (30 min), d1, 8, 15; q4w) ± LMWM ± Enoxaparin 1mg/kg daily s.c. After 12 weeks of initial chemotherapy all patients who have not progressed received the standard therapy (gemcitabine 1 g/m 2 (30 min), d1, 8, 15; q4w) ± Enoxaparin 40mg daily s.c. Results: From April 2004 to Dezember 2005 140 pts have been recruited in this study. Until now no unexpected serious adverse events concerning severe bleedings were observed in the enoxaparin treatment group. No heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT II) was documented. The first interim analysis per protocol is planned after 12 pts. with deep vein thrombosis or thromboembolic events. This interim analysis is expected to be completed in May 2006. Conclusions: Our observations indicate that the addition of enoxaparin—given the dosage mentioned above—to GEM/GFFC is safe, does not change toxicity and maintains activity of chemotherapy in pts with advanced PA. This study is open to recruitment. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Tumor control by intravenous administration of STING ligand requires combination with precisely timed radiation therapy
Authors: Jason Baird, David Friedman, Benjamin Cottam, Marka Crittenden, Michael Gough
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2015)

Meeting abstracts We have demonstrated that radiation alone is weakly effective at generating anti-tumor adaptive immune responses despite release of tumor-associated antigen. We hypothesized that providing potent adjuvant would improve this immune response increasing immune control of local and
Five London areas to get devolved power over health
Authors: Anne Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2015)

The UK chancellor of the exchequer, George Osborne, has laid out plans to devolve health powers to health and civic leaders in London.1 The powers, similar to those granted to Manchester earlier this year,2 will enable health organisations to take more control of decision making, particularly in public health and the integration of health and social care. The agreement, launched at Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, will begin with five devolution pilots focusing on different areas:
VEGF, VEGFR1, and VEGFR2 expression in melanoma
Authors: J. M. Mehnert, M. M. McCarthy, S. A. Aziz, M. Sznol, K. T. Flaherty, R. L. Camp, D. L. Rimm, H. M. Kluger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

8520 Background: Metastatic melanoma is a chemoresistant disease with poor prognosis. Angiogenesis plays a role in progression and metastasis of melanoma. Identifying angiogenic molecules that are differentially expressed between benign and malignant tissues may enable us to create an assay to predict sensitivity to antiangiogenic agents, thus guiding selection of patients for treatment. VEGF signals through its receptor VEGFR1/flt-1 (R1) but is thought to mediate most of its angiogenic and proliferative effects through VEGFR2/flk-1/kdr (R2). In smaller melanoma studies, VEGF, R2 and less commonly R1 expression was associated with disease aggression. We characterized VEGF, R1, and R2 expression on a cohort of 540 nevi and 548 melanomas. Methods: We stained tissue microarrays to assess VEGF, R1, and R2 expression by automated quantitative analysis (AQUA), an objective method for analysis of protein levels. We used S100 to define pixels as melanoma (tumor mask) within the array spot, and measured intensity of VEGF, R1, and R2 expression using Cy5 conjugated antibodies within the mask. Results: VEGF, R1, and R2 expression was significantly higher in melanomas than in nevi by unpaired t-tests (p&lt;0.0001). VEGF and R2 expression was higher in metastatic than primary specimens (p&lt;0.0001). Differential expression of R1 between metastatic and primary specimens was less pronounced (p=0.0158). R2 expression correlated with Breslow depth &gt; 2 mm (p=0.0129). Cox univariate analysis revealed an association between decreased survival and expression of VEGF (p= 0.0488) and R2 (p=0.0035); however, this was not independent of disease stage. Conclusions: VEGF, R1, and R2 expression is higher in malignant melanocytes than in their benign counterparts and higher in metastatic than primary specimens. This association with disease aggression underscores the importance of these proteins as therapeutic targets. Differential expression of R2 was found to be more significant than R1, supporting the belief that VEGF mediates its effects through R2 in malignancy. To our knowledge, this is the largest study to examine the VEGF pathway in melanoma. Future clinical trials of antiangiogenic agents in melanoma should include correlative serum and tissue assays of VEGF, R1, and R2 as biomarkers of response to therapy. [Table: see text]
Local administration of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor induces local accumulation of dendritic cells and antigen-specific CD8+ T cells and enhances the efficacy of therapeutic vaccine in cervicovaginal tumor
Authors: Sung-Jong Lee, TC Wu, Chien-Fu Hung
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2015)

Meeting abstracts Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising treatment strategy for the control of HPV-associated malignancies. Various therapeutic HPV vaccines have elicited potent antigen-specific CD8+ T cell mediated antitumor immune responses in preclinical models and are currently being tested
Intra-articular delivery of sinomenium encapsulated by chitosan microspheres and photo-crosslinked GelMA hydrogel ameliorates osteoarthritis by effectively regulating autophagy
Authors: Pengfei Chen, Chen Xia, Sheng Mei, Jiying Wang, Zhi Shan, Xianfeng Lin, Shunwu Fan
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)
Chemotherapy plus lenalidomide versus autologous transplantation, followed by lenalidomide plus prednisone versus lenalidomide maintenance, in patients with multiple myeloma: a randomised, multicentre, phase 3 trial
Authors: Francesca Gay, Stefania Oliva, Maria Teresa Petrucci, Concetta Conticello, Lucio Catalano, Paolo Corradini, Agostina Siniscalchi, Valeria Magarotto, Luděk Pour, Angelo Carella, Alessandra Malfitano, Daniela Petrò, Andrea Evangelista, Stefano Spada, Norbert Pescosta, Paola Omedè, Philip Campbell, Anna Marina Liberati, Massimo Offidani, Roberto Ria, Stefano Pulini, Francesca Patriarca, Roman Hajek, Andrew Spencer, Mario Boccadoro, Antonio Palumbo
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2015)
SCAI/ACCF/HRS/ESC/SOLACI/APSIC Statement on the Use of Live Case Demonstrations at Cardiology Meetings
Authors: Gregory J Dehmer, John S Douglas, Alexander Abizaid, Jessica W Berg, John Day, Roger Hall, Martin B Leon, Ziyad M Hijazi, Francis Marchlinski, Seung-Jung Park, Jeffrey J Popma
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Topotecan and Paclitaxel in Previously Treated Patients with Relapsed Small Cell Lung Cancer: Phase II Trial of the North Central Cancer Treatment Group
Authors: Grace K. Dy, James R. Jett, Francois J. Geoffroy, Keith D. Krewer, Henry Tazelaar, Matthew Maurer, Kendrith Rowland, James Mailliard, James Krook, Shaker Dakhil, Leila Kutteh, John Kugler, Donald Wender
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2006)
Short-term effects of physiotherapy on ventilation inhomogeneity in cystic fibrosis patients with moderate to severe lung disease
Authors: Andreas Pfleger, Michael Steinbacher, Elisabeth Weinhandl, Marlies Wagner, Ernst Eber
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background:  Cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease is characterised by progressive peripheral airway dysfunction. The lung clearance index (LCI) as a measure of ventilation inhomogeneity determined during multiple breath washout (MBW) was shown to be more sensitive in detecting lung disease than conventional lung function tests. A recent study reported no consistent short-term effect of physiotherapy (PT) on lung function in paediatric patients, neither for LCI nor FEV1 (Fuchs SI et al. Pediatr Pulmonol 2010;45:301-306).   Aims:  To investigate the impact of PT in adolescents and adults with CF and moderate to severe lung disease on MBW and conventional lung function parameters.   Methods:  Ventilation inhomogeneity was assessed with a validated open-circuit N2-MBW system (Exhalyzer D and Spiroware 3.1, Eco Medics AG). Two to three successful tests followed by spirometry were done before and 30 minutes after standardised PEP mask PT.   Results:  In this ongoing study so far 19 patients (10f), mean age 24 years (range 13.3-43.4), were measured. For the group, LCI (mean; range) before (15.7; 7.4-19.5) and after PT (15.7; 7.1-20.5) was not different, but 6/19 patients showed a difference of more than 3 LCI units (increase in 3/19: 3.1, 3.4, 5.6; decrease in 3/19: -3.69, -4.8, -4.84). LCI-CV before and after PT was 3.7% and 3.3%. FEV1 (mean; range) before (67%; 34-89) and after PT (69%; 38-89) differed significantly (p=0.016).   Conclusion:  In CF patients with moderate to severe lung disease the short-term effect of PT may be variable. By opening up previously poorly ventilated lung regions, PT may either increase or decrease ventilation heterogeneity.