tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Planned Cesarean Delivery at Term and Adverse Outcomes in Childhood Health
Authors: Mairead Black, Siladitya Bhattacharya, Sam Philip, Jane E. Norman, David J. McLernon
Journal: JAMA (2015)

IMPORTANCE Planned cesarean delivery comprises a significant proportion of births globally, with combined rates of planned and unscheduled cesarean delivery in a number of regions approaching 50%.Observational studies have shown that offspring born by cesarean delivery are at increased risk of ill health in childhood, but these studies have been unable to adjust for some key confounding variables.Additionally, risk of death beyond the neonatal period has not yet been reported for offspring born by planned cesarean delivery.OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between planned cesarean delivery and offspring health problems or death in childhood.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Population-based data-linkage study of 321 287 term singleton first-born offspring born in Scotland, United Kingdom, between 1993 and 2007, with follow-up until February 2015.EXPOSURES Offspring born by planned cesarean delivery in a first pregnancy were compared with offspring born by unscheduled cesarean delivery and with offspring delivered vaginally. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESThe primary outcome was asthma requiring hospital admission; secondary outcomes were salbutamol inhaler prescription at age 5 years, obesity at age 5 years, inflammatory bowel disease, type 1 diabetes, cancer, and death. RESULTSCompared with offspring born by unscheduled cesarean delivery (n = 56 015 [17.4%]), those born by planned cesarean delivery (12 355 [3.8%]) were at no significantly different risk of asthma requiring hospital admission, salbutamol inhaler prescription at age 5 years, obesity at age 5 years, inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, or death but were at increased risk of type 1 diabetes (0.66% vs 0.44%; difference, 0.22% [95% CI, 0.13%-0.31%];adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.35 [95% CI, 1.05-1.75]).In comparison with children born vaginally (n = 252 917 [78.7%]), offspring born by planned cesarean delivery were at increased risk of asthma requiring hospital admission (3.73% vs 3.41%; difference, 0.32% [95% CI, 0.21%-0.42%];adjusted HR, 1.22 [95% CI, 1.11-1.34]),salbutamol inhaler prescription at age 5 years (10.34%vs 9.62%; difference, 0.72% [95% CI, 0.36%-1.07%];adjusted HR, 1.13 [95% CI, 1.01-1.26]),and death (0.40% vs 0.32%; difference, 0.08% [95% CI, 0.02%-1.00%];adjusted HR, 1.41 [95% CI, 1.05-1.90]),whereas there were no significant differences in risk of obesity at age 5 years, inflammatory bowel disease, type 1 diabetes, or cancer.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Among offspring of women with first births in Scotland between 1993 and 2007, planned cesarean delivery compared with vaginal delivery (but not compared with unscheduled cesarean delivery) was associated with a small absolute increased risk of asthma requiring hospital admission, salbutamol inhaler prescription at age 5 years, and all-cause death by age 21 years.Further investigation is needed to understand whether the observed associations are causal.
Genetic landscape of metastatic and recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Matthew L. Hedberg, Gerald Goh, Simion I. Chiosea, Julie E. Bauman, Maria L. Freilino, Yan Zeng, Lin Wang, Brenda B. Diergaarde, William E. Gooding, Vivian W.Y. Lui, Roy S. Herbst, Richard P. Lifton, Jennifer R. Grandis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2015)

BACKGROUND. Recurrence and/or metastasis occurs in more than half of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and these events pose the greatest threats to long-term survival. We set out to identify genetic alterations that underlie recurrent/metastatic HNSCC.
Expanded Access Study of Advanced Bcc Patients Treated with the Hedgehog-Pathway Inhibitor Vismodegib
Authors: G.J. Weiss, A. Oro, A.L.S. Chang, J.A. Solomon, P.M. LoRusso, O. Hamid, D.M. Chen, E. McKenna, S. Feng, J.D. Hainsworth
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
Chronic Conditions in Adults With Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Mark D. Peterson, Jennifer M. Ryan, Edward A. Hurvitz, Elham Mahmoudi
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Chronic Conditions in Adults With Cerebral PalsyAdults with cerebral palsy (CP) represent an increasing population whose health status and health care needs are poorly understood. 1 Mortality records reveal that death due to ischemic heart disease and cancer is higher among adults with CP 2 ; however, there have been no national surveillance efforts to track disease risk in this population.We examined estimates of chronic conditions in a population-representative sample of adults with CP.Methods | We used the full-year consolidated and medical conditions files for 9 years (2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010) of the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS).The MEPS is an ongoing, nationally representative survey of the US civilian, noninstitutionalized
Clinical judgment is important
Authors: C. Brewer, C. Neill
Journal: BMJ (1996)

EDITOR,—As private providers of oral and injectable methadone maintenance, we read John Strang and colleagues' paper about the prescribing of injectable and oral methadone to opiate addicts with concern but also some irritation at its occasional unrealities.1 Many of our patients have steady and responsible jobs, often in changing locations. For such people, to pick up methadone mixture daily is difficult. Even in the United States, where daily pick up is almost mandatory, some demonstrably stable patients can collect 28 days' supply.2

Furthermore, although 50 …
Prevalence of Diabetes and Impaired Glucose Tolerance in 64-Year-Old Swedish Women
Authors: Gerhard Brohall, Carl-Johan Behre, Johannes Hulthe, John Wikstrand, Björn Fagerberg
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

OBJECTIVE—The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in middle-aged women and to examine the variability and practical use of the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in the screening for IGT and diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—All 64-year-old women living in Göteborg, Sweden, were invited to take part in a screening examination (n = 4,856). Of these, 82% (n = 3,998) responded and 53% (n = 2,595) participated and underwent anthropometric measurements and a 75-g standardized OGTT that was repeated within 2 weeks in those not showing normal glucose tolerance (NGT). RESULTS—The prevalences of known and new diabetes, IGT at both OGTTs, and impaired fasting glucose were 4.7, 4.8, 14.4, and 6.4%, respectively. Half of the women with diabetes were previously undiagnosed, and 37% of the diagnoses were based on OGTT and diabetes 2-h values at both or one of the two examinations. Women with IGT at both OGTTs, in comparison with those with one impaired and one normal OGTT, had higher BMI, waist girth, and blood pressure. More than 40% of the women showed impaired glucose metabolism. CONCLUSIONS—Among these women, the prevalence of undetected diabetes was high and repeated OGTTs were needed to identify and not misclassify a considerable proportion of patients. The degree of glucose tolerance impairment and the number of abnormal OGTTs were directly associated with occurrence of components of the metabolic syndrome.
The benefit of treatment with quizartinib and subsequent bridging to HSCT for FLT3-ITD(+) patients with AML.
Authors: Mark J. Levis, Giovanni Martinelli, Alexander E. Perl, Hervé Dombret, Bjoern Steffen, Philippe H. Rousselot, Elihu Estey, Neil P. Shah, Guy Gammon, Denise Trone, Jorge E. Cortes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

7093^ Background: For FLT3-ITD(+) AML patients (pts) who are relapsed or refractory to chemotherapy, allogeneic HSCT offers the best prospect for long-term survival. Pts are unlikely to undergo HSCT unless their blast count can be reduced to an acceptable minimum, ideally below 5% blasts, which defines composite complete response (CRc: CR + CRp + CRi). Quizartinib is an orally active inhibitor of the FLT3 receptor tyrosine kinase being developed for the treatment of AML pts. We present a new analysis from FLT3-ITD(+) pts who were relapsed or refractory to salvage therapy or HSCT treated with quizartinib across two Phase 2 studies in a total of 212 subjects. Methods: In Study A, pts received 90-200 mg/day quizartinib; in Study B, pts were randomized to either 30 mg/day or 60 mg/day quizartinib given orally during continuous 28 day cycles. Results: Median baseline blast count in Study A was 81% and 67% in Study B. Median age in Study A was 50yrs and 55yrs in Study B. In Study A, 47 of 136 (35%) proceeded to HSCT; of these 26/47 (55%) had achieved a CRc and 18/47 (38%) a PR prior to HSCT. In Study B 28/76 (37%) pts proceeded to HSCT and of these 23/28 (82%) had achieved a CRc and 4/28 (14%) achieved a PR prior to HSCT. In Study A, pts proceeding to HSCT had a median overall survival (OS) of 34.1 weeks and a 1 yr survival rate of 36% compared to an OS of 18.4 weeks and 1 yr survival of 12% for pts not undergoing HSCT. In Study B, pts randomized to 30 mg/day quizartinib and who underwent HSCT had an OS of 31 weeks compared to 19 weeks for pts without HSCT; pts treated with 60 mg/day and who underwent HSCT had an OS of 28.1 weeks compared to 16.3 weeks for pts without HSCT. Conclusions: Pts able to receive a HSCT after response to quizartinib have an improved outcome compared to those who did not have a HSCT. The ability of quizartinib to lower the blast count in a high percentage of pts (46% achieved a CRc) and bridge these pts to a potentially curative HSCT, with an acceptable safety profile, represents an important clinical benefit from quizartinib. Clinical trial information: NCT00989261 and NCT01565668.
Cu/Zn-Superoxide Dismutase Gene Attenuates Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in the Rat Kidney
Authors: Ming Yin, Michael D. Wheeler, Henry D. Connor, Zhi Zhong, Hartwig Bunzendahl, Anna Dikalova, Richard J. Samulski, Robert Schoonhoven, Ronald P. Mason, James A. Swenberg, Ronald G. Thurman
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2001)

ABSTRACT. Evidence has accumulated for a role of toxic oxygen radicals in the pathogenesis of ischemia-reperfusion injury in the kidney. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hypothesis that reducing postischemic renal injury is possible by delivery of the gene for the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD). Female Sprague-Dawley rats received intravenous injections of recombinant adenovirus (1 × 109 pfu) containing the transgenes for Escherichia coli β-galactosidase (Ad-LacZ, as control) or human Cu/Zn-SOD (Ad-SOD). Three days later, renal ischemia was produced by cross-clamping the left renal vessels for 60 min. The right kidney was removed before reperfusion and processed for the transgene. Renal SOD protein and activity in rats given Ad-SOD was 2.5-fold higher than from the animals receiving Ad-LacZ. Urinary lactate dehydrogenase concentrations were elevated by ischemia-reperfusion in the Ad-LacZ group (1403 ± 112 U/L), yet values were 50% lower in Ad-SOD-treated rats. Free radical production was elevated by ischemia-reperfusion but was significantly lower in SOD-treated animals. Importantly, on postischemic day 1, glomerular filtration rates were reduced to 0.21 ml/min per 100 g in the Ad-LacZ group, whereas values remained significantly higher (0.39) in the Ad-SOD group. Two weeks after ischemia-reperfusion, inflammation, interstitial fibrosis, tubular atrophy and tissue levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1 were significantly higher in the Ad-LacZ-treated than in Ad-SOD-treated rats. In conclusion, these results indicate that SOD expression can be increased by delivery of the sod gene to the kidney by intravenous injection and that sod gene transduction minimized ischemia-reperfusion-induced acute renal failure.
WITHDRAWN: Preparation of highly dispersible C60 nanoparticles by sugammadex, an anionic γ-cyclodextrin derivative, under physiological conditions
Authors: Daisuke Iohara, Makoto Anraku, Kaneto Uekama, Fumitoshi Hirayama
Journal: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2015)

This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy.
Surveillance of HCV infection in the Netherlands
Authors: S Chaves, M A Widdowson, A Bosman
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2003)

Two surveillance systems exist in the Netherlands to monitor hepatitis C (HCV) infections. Aggregated weekly laboratory data have been available since 1990. In 1999, HCV infection became a notifiable disease. Data showed the number of reported cases has remained stable. Male cases predominated (66%), mainly between age 15 to 54. Injecting drug use was the main route of transmission (64%). Despite its added value, the notifiable system should include more clinical data to better scrutinize future changes in transmission patterns.
A phase I–II study of gemcitabine and docetaxel in advanced pancreatic cancer: A report from the Italian Group for the Study of Digestive Tract Cancer (GISCAD)
Authors: S Cascinu, G Gasparini, V Catalano, R R Silva, G Pancera, A Morabito, P Giordani, D Gattuso, G Catalano
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1999)
The evolution of prokaryotic ferredoxins--with a general method correcting for unobserved substitutions in less branched lineages.
Authors: W M Fitch, M Bruschi
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1987)

Thirty-one bacterial type ferredoxins were examined by means of the parsimony method for their phylogenetic implications. The results show reasonable relationships in that photosynthetic, thermophilic, and desulfovibrio groups are identifiable; but a number of interesting anomalies occur. These include a methanogen sequence that clusters among the desulfovibrios. There are several differences from the phylogeny of Woese. At least two duplications producing paralogous genes are demonstrated, plus the probable existence of two more. The partial internal gene duplication that doubled the length of ferredoxin is confirmed by showing that the probability of the two ancestrally reconstructed halves possessing that much similarity by chance is 10(-7). Howard and co-workers proposed that the two halves of the Azotobacter vinelandii are reversed relative to most other sequences. A phylogeny, drawn with the halves of the azotobacter sequence (and its relatives) reversed produced a tree that had only three less nucleotide substitutions than did the tree without their halves reversed. This plus other evidence suggests that the significantly greater similarity observed across rather than within the halves is more likely the result of convergence.
Headache and amaurosis fugax in an obese woman
Authors: Koushik Tripathy, Priyanka Ramesh, Yog Raj Sharma
Journal: BMJ (2015)

A 42 year old obese woman presented with transient visual obscurations (amaurosis fugax) and headache for six months. She was alert and had no focal neurological deficit. Fundoscopy showed a similar picture in both eyes ⇓. What is the diagnosis?



Established stage of papilloedema.

### Discussion

Both eyes show raised pink optic discs, a blurred disc margin, …
Natural history of male psychological health: VI. Correlates of successful marriage and fatherhood
Authors: G E Vaillant
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1978)

The author examines the relationship between quality of object relations and health on the basis of data from a prospective 35-year follow-up of 95 men selected for health. Judges blind to other data made independent ratings of physical health at 52, childhood environment, psychopathology, and maturity of defenses. These ratings were highly correlated with independent ratings of high school social adjustment, adult friendship patterns, marital satisfaction, and outcome of children. The author speculates that the capacity for object relations may be a relatively stable dimension of adult personality--a continous that stretches from mature, generative mental health to schizophrenia.
Early-Onset Hypothyroidism and Survival in Patients with Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated with First-Line Sunitinib: Updated Overall Survival Data
Authors: A. Pinto, M. Garrido, P. Cruz, D. Lopez, F. Zambrana, C. Aguayo, J. Feliu, E. Espinosa
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Harnessing the Right Combination of Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation to Change Physician Behavior
Authors: Timothy J. Judson, Kevin G. Volpp, Allan S. Detsky
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Inhibition of titanium-particle-induced inflammatory osteolysis after local administration of dopamine and suppression of osteoclastogenesis via D2-like receptor signaling pathway
Authors: Huilin Yang, Yaozeng Xu, Mo Zhu, Ye Gu, Wen Zhang, Hongguo Shao, Yijun Wang, Zichuan Ping, Xuanyang Hu, Liangliang Wang, Dechun Geng
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)
ECM and ECM-like materials — Biomaterials for applications in regenerative medicine and cancer therapy
Authors: Svenja Hinderer, Shannon Lee Layland, Katja Schenke-Layland
Journal: Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews (2015)

Regenerative strategies such as stem cell-based therapies and tissue engineering applications are being developed with the aim to replace, remodel, regenerate or support damaged tissues and organs. In addition to careful cell type selection, the design of appropriate three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds is essential for the generation of bio-inspired replacement tissues. Such scaffolds are usually made of degradable or non-degradable biomaterials and can serve as cell or drug carriers. The development of more effective and efficient drug carrier systems is also highly relevant for novel cancer treatment strategies. In this review, we provide a summary of current approaches that employ ECM and ECM-like materials, or ECM-synthetic polymer hybrids, as biomaterials in the field of regenerative medicine. We further discuss the utilization of such materials for cell and drug delivery, and highlight strategies for their use as vehicles for cancer therapy.
Enzymatic Activities Of Circulating Plasma Proteasomes (cProt) In Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma (NDMM) Patients Undergoing Treatment With Carfilzomib, Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone (CRd)
Authors: Elisabet E. Manasanch, Carlos Fernandez de Larrea, Adriana Zingone, Neha Korde, Nishant Tageja, Manisha Bhutani, Dickran Kazandjian, Peter Wu, Rene Costello, Debra Burton, George Carter, Diamond Zuchlinski, Marcia Mulquin, Irina Maric, Katherine R Calvo, Constance Yuan, Maryalice Stetler-Stevenson, Mark Roschewski, Ola Landgren
Journal: Blood (2013)
International surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in Europe: now we also need to monitor antibiotic use
Authors: S  L A M Bronzwaer, U Buchholz, J. L. Kool
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2001)

With travel and trade within the European Union (EU) increasing over the years, the risk of dissemination of (resistant) pathogens grows. Many studies have shown that there is a growing problem with antimicrobial resistance. For example, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was initially largely a problem of hospitals, but it is now increasingly reported as a community acquired infection. Certain strains have been shown to spread between European countries. Antimicrobial resistance may result in prolonged hospital stay, higher costs, and higher morbidity or even mortality.
Circulating Endothelial Cells (CEC), Circulating Endothelial Progenitors (CEP) and Circulating Tumour Cells (CTC) as Markers for Response to Bevacizumab/Carboplatin/Paclitaxel (B + CP) or Bevacizumab/Erlotinib (B + E) in Advanced Non-Squamous Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NS-NSCLC)
Authors: F. Farace, S. Le Moulec, J. Mazieres, H. Senellart, E. Dansin, A. Madroszyk, X. Quantin, H. Berard, B. Besse
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
Promotion of Inflammatory Arthritis by Interferon Regulatory Factor 5 in a Mouse Model
Authors: Pierre Duffau, Hanni Menn‐Josephy, Carla M. Cuda, Salina Dominguez, Tamar R. Aprahamian, Amanda A. Watkins, Kei Yasuda, Paul Monach, Robert Lafyatis, Lisa M. Rice, G. Kenneth Haines, Ellen M. Gravallese, Rebecca Baum, Christophe Richez, Harris Perlman, Ramon G. Bonegio, Ian R. Rifkin
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2015)

Objective Polymorphisms in the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) are associated with an increased risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study was undertaken to determine the role of IRF5 in a mouse model of arthritis development. Methods K/BxN serum–transfer arthritis was induced in mice deficient in IRF5, or lacking IRF5 only in myeloid cells, and arthritis severity was evaluated. K/BxN arthritis was also induced in mice deficient in TRIF, Toll‐like receptor 2 (TLR2), TLR3, TLR4, and TLR7 to determine the pathways through which IRF5 might promote arthritis. In vitro studies were performed to determine the role of IRF5 in interleukin‐1 (IL‐1) receptor and TLR signaling. Results Arthritis severity was reduced in IRF5‐deficient, TRIF‐deficient, TLR3‐deficient, and TLR7‐deficient mice. The expression of multiple genes regulating neutrophil recruitment or function and bioactive IL‐1β formation was reduced in the joints during active arthritis in IRF5‐deficient mice. In vitro studies showed that TLR7 and the TRIF‐dependent TLR3 pathway induce proinflammatory cytokine production in disease‐relevant cell types in an IRF5‐dependent manner. Conclusion Our findings indicate that IRF5 contributes to disease pathogenesis in inflammatory arthritis. This is likely due at least in part to the role of IRF5 in mediating proinflammatory cytokine production downstream of TLR7 and TLR3. Since TLR7 and TLR3 are both RNA‐sensing TLRs, this suggests that endogenous RNA ligands present in the inflamed joint promote arthritis development. These findings may be relevant to human RA, since RNA capable of activating TLR7 and TLR3 is present in synovial fluid and TLR7 and TLR3 are up‐regulated in the joints of RA patients.