tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Routine Use of Zoledronic Acid in Early-Stage Breast Cancer
Authors: Kathleen Harnden, Kimberly Blackwell
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2015)

Zoledronic acid, a potent nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate, plays a key role in preventing complications of bone metastases in metastatic breast cancer, but its affect on early-stage breast cancer has been unclear. The preclinical data supporting the anticancer effects of zoledronic acid are compelling and several recent clinical trials have suggested that it reduces breast cancer recurrence in certain patient subgroups. Given these anticancer effects and reasonable safety profile, this therapeutic option could be discussed with patients. This article focuses on the results of supporting preclinical and clinical data evaluating the role of zoledronic acid in adjuvant breast cancer therapy.
Determinants of lymph node yield in colorectal cancer: Analysis of 9,867 patients from prospective Australian databases
Authors: P. Gibbs, C. Platell, N. Reiger, I. Skinner, I. Jones, D. Wattchow, F. Chen, D. Compston, U. Suthar, S. Kosmider
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

4047 Background: For colorectal cancer (CRC) lymph node yield (LNY) is a measure of quality of care, and also a strong prognostic factor. Small series suggest that multiple clinical and pathologic factors may influence LNY, but the true impact of these has yet to be defined. Methods: Analysis of prospective CRC databases from 11 centres in Australia between 1/2000 - 12/2007. Results: 9,867 cases, 5,121M : 4,362F, were identified where detail regarding age, sex, tumour site, differentiation, and use of radiation therapy (RT) was available. Overall median LNY was 12 (range 0 - 174), with the median varying from 10–15 per centre (p<.0001). Tumour stage and differentiation did not influence node yield, but all other factors examined did (as shown in Table). For patients with rectal cancer the LNY was impacted by type of operation performed and use of preoperative RT. Multivariate analysis will be presented. A nomogram has been developed to predict lymph node yield for a specific patient. Conclusion: Multiple clinicopathologic factors affect LNY, with specific subgroups of patients having widely divergent yields. Median Node yield P value Sex <.01 Male 11 Female 12 Age <.01 < 50 y.o 13 50 - 65 y.o. 12 65 - 75 y.o 12 > 75 y.o. 11 Site <.01 Right colon (n=3,554) 13 Left colon (n=3,294) 11 Rectum (n=3,019) 11 No radiotherapy 11 Preoperative RT 10 Rectal cancer operation <.01 Low anterior resection 13 Ultralow AR 11 APR 10 (no RT), 8 (+ RT) No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Modification of Pancreatic Carcinogenesis in the Hamster Model. VIII. Inhibitory Effect of Exogenous Insulin<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref><xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3">3</xref>
Authors: P M Pour, K Stepan
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)

The effect of exogenous insulin, which has been known to suppress beta-cell function of islets, was investigated on pancreatic carcinogenesis induced by N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl) amine [(BOP) CAS: 60599-38-4; 2,2'-dioxo-N-nitrosodipropylamine]. Three groups of Syrian golden hamsters were treated sc once with BOP (20 mg/kg body wt) simultaneously with (group 1), 120 minutes before (group 2), or 120 minutes after (group 3) a single sc injection of porcine insulin (5 U/kg body wt). Group 4 was a BOP-treated control. Survivors were killed 46 weeks after BOP administration, and the pancreas, common duct, and gallbladder were examined histologically. When given 120 minutes before or after BOP, insulin inhibited the induction of benign and malignant pancreatic lesions in a statistically significant fashion. However, the simultaneous administration of BOP also led to similar (although not statistically significant) results as did the administration of insulin 120 minutes after BOP. Insulin also seemed to inhibit tumor induction in the common duct and gallbladder, regardless of when it was administered; however, the differing incidence was statistically significant only in hamsters from group 3 killed at the experiment's end. The overall data suggest that the inhibitory effect of exogenous insulin on pancreatic carcinogenicity is not merely through islet cells, but rather through other (or additional) mechanisms.
The hormone replacement therapy opposed to low dose tamoxifen (HOT) study: safety data from an ongoing phase III trial
Authors: B. Bonanni, B. Santillo, D. Serrano, N. Rotmensz, M. Muraca, A. Vella, C. Belloni, A. Ponti, U. Veronesi, A. Decensi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

1514 Background: Primary prevention trials have shown that tamoxifen (T) lowers ER+ breast cancer (BC) incidence by 48%. While the IBIS I update showed mixed findings, the Italian trial showed an interesting positive risk/benefit ratio in T and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) users: fewer BC, endometrial cancer comparable to placebo, and no cardiovascular diseases (CVD) excess. In a phase II study, low dose T and HRT showed a safe gynecological profile and did not increase menopausal symptoms. Moreover low dose T maintains the same antiproliferative effects as the standard dose. To improve BC prevention and quality of life (QoL) in menopausal women we started a multicentric, phase III trial of low dose T in HRT users. Methods: current or de novo HRT users are randomized to T 5 mg/day or placebo for 5 yrs. The primary aim is the reduction of invasive or in situ BC. Secondary aims are: safety, gene polymorphisms (SNPs) correlated to BC risk and T activity. In a subgroup transvaginal ultrasound (TvUS) and endometrial biopsy is being performed after 3 years of treatment to monitor endometrial effects. Results: as of December 31 2006, 1870 women were enrolled, of which 21% were hysterectomized. Median age is 53 years (33–72), BMI is &lt;25 in 66%, =25&lt;30 in 26%, &gt;30 in 8%. Current or de novo users are 80% and 20%. 84% participants have at least one follow-up visit. 128 subjects performed already the 3 years TvUS and endometrial biopsy: so far no atypical hyperplasia or cancer was found. A modest increase of menopausal symptoms was observed (hot flashes 42% vs 52%, night sweating 39% vs 44%). Drop-outs are 23%, of which 13% due to AE including: 21 cancers (12 invasive BC, 1 DCIS), 13 CVD (3 VTE), 9 gynecological (5 endometrial polyps). Conclusions: combination of low dose T and HRT has reasonable safety profile, we have reached almost 1,900 women on study and AE rate is very low. These unblinded findings support the safety of the association of HRT and T. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Gene—Milk Agent Relationship in Mammary-Tumor Development
Authors: Walter E. Heston, Margaret K. Deringer, Howard B. Andervont
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1945)

Gene—Milk Agent Relationship in Mammary-Tumor Development Get access Walter E. Heston, Walter E. Heston senior geneticist National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, United States Public Health Service Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Margaret K. Deringer, Margaret K. Deringer research fellow National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, United States Public Health Service Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Howard B. Andervont Howard B. Andervont principal biologist National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, United States Public Health Service Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 5, Issue 4, February 1945, Pages 289–307, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/5.4.289 Published: 01 February 1945
Interleukin-13 inhibits interleukin-2-induced proliferation and protects chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells from in vitro apoptosis
Authors: N Chaouchi, C Wallon, C Goujard, G Tertian, A Rudent, D Caput, P Ferrera, A Minty, A Vazquez, JF Delfraissy
Journal: Blood (1996)
Association of Body Composition With Survival and Locoregional Control of Radiotherapy-Treated Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Aaron J. Grossberg, Sasikarn Chamchod, Clifton D. Fuller, Abdallah S. R. Mohamed, Jolien Heukelom, Hillary Eichelberger, Michael E. Kantor, Katherine A. Hutcheson, G. Brandon Gunn, Adam S. Garden, Steven Frank, Jack Phan, Beth Beadle, Heath D. Skinner, William H. Morrison, David I. Rosenthal
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2016)

Major weight loss is common in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) who undergo radiotherapy (RT). How baseline and posttreatment body composition affects outcome is unknown.
Dynamic light application therapy to reduce the incidence and duration of delirium in intensive-care patients: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Koen S Simons, Robert J F Laheij, Mark van den Boogaard, Miriam A M Moviat, Anne J Paling, Florens N Polderman, Frans W Rozendaal, Geertruda A M Salet, Johannes G van der Hoeven, Peter Pickkers, Cornelis P C de Jager
Journal: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2016)
Deglycosylated bleomycin has the antitumor activity of bleomycin without pulmonary toxicity
Authors: Olivier Burgy, Guillaume Wettstein, Pierre S. Bellaye, Nathalie Decologne, Cindy Racoeur, Françoise Goirand, Guillaume Beltramo, Jean-François Hernandez, Abderraouf Kenani, Philippe Camus, Ali Bettaieb, Carmen Garrido, Philippe Bonniaud
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2016)

Deglycobleomycin retains the antitumor activity of bleomycin but lacks any detectable toxic effects in the lung.
ALCOHOL IN THE TROPICS.
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Everolimus in patients with advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNET): Updated results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter phase III trial (RADIANT-3).
Authors: M. H. Shah, T. Ito, C. Lombard-Bohas, E. M. Wolin, E. Van Cutsem, C. Sachs, R. E. Winkler, J. Lincy, T. J. Hobday, J. C. Yao
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

158 Background: There is an unmet medical need for effective treatments for patients with advanced pNET. Systemic therapies for advanced pNET are limited both by toxicity and efficacy. Everolimus, an oral mTOR inhibitor, has shown promising antitumor activity in 2 phase II studies, leading to further investigation in the largest phase III randomized controlled trial completed in pNET patients. Methods: Patients with advanced low- or intermediate-grade pNET were randomly assigned to everolimus 10 mg/d orally + best supportive care (BSC; n = 207) or placebo + BSC (n = 203). Long-acting somatostatin analogs (SSAs) were permitted as BSC during the study. The primary endpoint was progression free survival (PFS). At progression (RECIST), patients could be unblinded and those randomly assigned to placebo were offered open-label everolimus. Results: Compared with placebo, everolimus reduced the risk of progression by 65% and increased median PFS by more than 6 months, from 4.6 to 11.0 months (HR = 0.35; 95% CI: 0.27-0.45; p &lt; 0.0001), by investigator review (primary endpoint). Median PFS by central review was consistent (HR = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.26 to 0.44; p &lt; 0.001] in favor of everolimus. Eighteen-month PFS estimates were 34% for everolimus (95% CI: 26-43) vs 9% (95% CI: 4-16) for placebo. Everolimus demonstrated a significant PFS benefit across all patient subgroups according to baseline characteristics and prior SSA use. Prior SSA use was 49% in the everolimus arm and 50% in the placebo arm. Updated analyses of the impact of concomitant SSA will be reported. The most common drug-related adverse events were stomatitis, rash, diarrhea, fatigue, and infections (primarily upper respiratory); most were grade 1 or 2. Stomatitis (6.9% vs 0%), anemia (6% vs 0%), and hyperglycemia (5% vs 2%) were the most common grade 3-4 events. Conclusions: Everolimus significantly prolonged PFS compared with placebo in patients with advanced pNET in this large phase III clinical trial. This benefit was seen across all patient subgroups. Treatment resulted in a significant 6.4-month prolongation in median PFS. Everolimus had an acceptable and predictable safety profile. [Table: see text]
Accuracy of TNM staging system in prognostic stratification of stage IV digestive endocrine tumors.
Authors: E. Merola, F. Panzuto, M. Rinzivillo, R. Valente, C. Bestani, G. Capurso, G. delle Fave
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e14588 Background: Digestive endocrine tumors (dETs) are in 40%-60% of cases advanced at diagnosis. TNM staging system includes in stage IV all pts with metastases (METs), but its prognostic role according to METs site is unknown. Our aim was to evaluate accuracy of TNM to predict clinical outcome in stage IV dETs. Methods: Retrospective analysis of single-center dETs database. Inclusion of stage IV sporadic pancreatic ETs (PETs) and intestinal carcinoids (CTs) divided in: group 1, limited to the liver ≤ 5 METs; group 2, limited to the liver > 5 METs; group 3, extra-abdominal METs. Prognostic factors and survival (svv) assessed to determine clinical outcome. Results: 47/269 (17.4%) pts excluded (missing information or MEN-I syndrome). 94/222 (42.3%) pts included: 49% female, median age 53 yrs (range 21-77). 47% PETs and 53% CTs, median size 3 cm (0.8-12). According to TNM, they were: T1 3%; T2 30%; T3 20%, T4 47%, N1 64%, all M1. 30% group 1, 63% group 2, 7% group 3. Median Ki67 4% (1%-95%). According to G grading system, 42% G1 (Ki67 ≤ 2%), 43,5% G2 (Ki67 3%-20%), 14,5% G3 (Ki67 > 20%). Significant risk factors for svv: PETs vs. CTs (HR 3,8; 95%CI 1.7-8.4; p < 0.001), G3 vs. G1 (HR 10.0; 95%CI 3,4-29,5; p < 0.001), G2 vs. G1 (HR 1.44; 95%CI 0.5-3.8; p = 0.472), group 3 vs. 1 (HR 28.4; 95%CI 3.3-243.8; p = 0.02), group 2 vs. 1 (HR 2.3; 95%CI 0.9-5.9; p = 0.06), group 3 vs. 2 (HR 5.2; 95%CI 1.8-14.6; p = 0.001). Overall 5-yr svv: 67%. Different svv for: primary site (p < 0.001; 5-yr svv PETs/CTs: 45%/84%), G (p < 0.001; 5-yr svv G1/G2/G3: 81%/67%/10%), disease spread (p < 0.001; 5-yr svv group 1/2/3: 85%/63%/28%). Conclusions: In this set of dETs, 42.3% were stage IV at diagnosis. TNM could be improved identifying 3 subgroups with different prognosis (only liver METs, ≤ 5 / only liver METs, > 5/extra-abdominal METs). Primary tumor site, G and disease extent are significant risk factors for svv. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 16534: Remodeling of Intimal Matrix by C. Pneumoniae-infected Macrophages
Authors: Shankar J Evani, Shatha Dallo, Anand K Ramasubramanian
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Chlamydia pneumoniae, an intracellular pulmonary pathogen, is considered an important risk factor for atherosclerosis through the mechanisms is poorly understood. Infected monocytes from the lung enter atherosclerotic foci, and create a pro-inflammatory environment in the intima. Here, we tested the hypothesis that C. pneumoniae infection contributes to intimal matrix remodeling using a 3D model. Methods: Primary human monocytes infected with C. pneumoniae (either live of heat-killed organisms) at an MOI-1 were embedded in type I collagen matrix. Between 1 to 9 days, we analyzed the kinetics of MMP and cytokine release, cell migration, and structural and mechanical characteristics of the matrix by ELISA, microscopy and rheometry, respectively – with or without specific inhibitors of molecular mechanisms. All experiments were performed with at least 3 donors in triplicates; and statistical significance was assessed by Student’s t -test or ANOVA. Results: We observed that the infection of macrophages encapsulated in a 3D collagen matrix promote: (i) the production of MMP and pro-inflammatory cytokines; (ii) the remodeling process including degradation, aggregation and realignment of fibers (Fig. A); (iii) an increase in macrophage podosomal extensions and microenvironmental interactions; (iv) the collective, coordinated migration of macrophages to form focal clusters (Fig. B); and (v) an increase in the elastic modulus (Fig. C). We observed that these changes were more pronounced in live than in heat-killed infection. Further, inhibition of MMP, chemotactic stimuli and cell migratory signaling attenuates matrix remodeling. Significance: Our results provide novel insights into the role of infection and the mechanisms in modulating atherosclerotic progression, which may provide an attractive new approach to not only test the infectious burden hypothesis but also for the prevention and/or treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Determinants of Ovarian Cancer Risk. I. Reproductive Experiences and Family History&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: D W Cramer, G B Hutchison, W R Welch, R E Scully, K J Ryan
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1983)

Reproductive experiences and family history were assessed in 215 white females with epithelial ovarian cancer and in 215 control women matched by age, race, and residence. Pregnancy exerted a strong protective effect against ovarian cancer, which increased with the number of live-born children. After adjustment for parity, an effect of age at first live birth and breast-feeding was not apparent. Menstrual events did not differ significantly between cases and controls, although cases were more likely to have had an earlier menopause and less likely to have had a surgical menopause. Women with ovarian cancer had more frequently used menopausal hormones in cyclic fashion compared to controls. Regarding family history, women with ovarian cancer more frequently reported consanguinity in their ancestry and a highly frequency of primary relatives with cancer of the colon, lung, ovary, and prostate gland.
Does a popular documentary about a “life saving” heart scan promote overtreatment?
Authors: Jeanne Lenzer
Journal: BMJ (2015)

A new documentary film, The Widowmaker , has split the cardiology community with its enthusiastic promotion of coronary computed tomography scanning. The dramatic, 93 minute film has made its way on to Netflix, Amazon instant play, iTunes, GooglePlay, and other media platforms. Director Patrick Forbes uses big name celebrities (Gillian Anderson and Larry King), an emotive narrative, and decisive editing to drive home the film’s central claim: that millions of young, healthy, asymptomatic people have unexpectedly dropped dead from myocardial infarction and most of these deaths could have been prevented by screening for coronary calcium using CT scanning.

The documentary has received rave reviews in the US. The Hollywood Reporter opined that the scans “have been opposed for years by the health care industry for reasons that have far more to do with commerce than science.” A reviewer in Los Angeles Times described it as “lucid and important work.”

The only note of uncertainty came from Neil Genzlinger, the New York Times reviewer, who praised the film as “commendable” but also wrote, “the film’s only problem is that it may leave you so skeptical that you’re not sure you’re getting the unbiased story on the scan, either.”

The storyline of the film is simple: the bad guys are greedy “interventionists” who want to profit from treating people with advanced coronary disease; the good guys are the “preventionists,” like the film’s protagonist, Matthew Budoff, who has championed calcium CT scanning as …
WT1 Expression In Acute Myeloid Leukaemia: A Useful Marker For Improving Therapy Response Evaluation
Authors: Chiara Frairia, Semra Aydin, Ludovica Riera, Ernesta Audisio, Stefano D'Ardia, Bernardino Allione, Barbara Nicolino, Clara Pecoraro, Alessandro Busca, Chiara Della Casa, Filippo Marmont, Umberto Vitolo
Journal: Blood (2013)
A phase I trial for the treatment of purine analog-refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia using autologous T cells genetically targeted to the B cell specific antigen CD19
Authors: R. J. Brentjens, D. Hollyman, M. Weiss, J. Stefanski, M. Przybylowski, S. Bartido, O. Borquez-Ojeda, C. Taylor, M. Heaney, I. Riviere, M. Sadelain
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

3045 Background: We have developed a novel immunotherapy strategy based on the genetic modification of patient T cells to recognize the B cell-specific cellular antigen CD19, expressed on B cell tumors, through the retroviral expression of a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for CD19 (19–28z). Methods: We have initiated a clinical trial utilizing 19–28z+ autologous T cells in patients with purine analog-refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) (IRB #06–138). Enrolled patients initially undergo a leukopheresis procedure in order to obtain T cells. T cells are isolated and activated using Dynabeads ClinExVivo CD3/CD28 magnetic beads. Activated T cells are subsequently transduced with the CD19 specific 19–28z CAR using cGMP gammaretroviral vector stocks generated in our facility, and expanded utilizing a WaveTM bioreactor platform-based rapid expansion protocol. To assess safety, patients enrolled in the first cohort of this trial received an infusion of the lowest planned dose of modified T cells alone, subsequent cohorts will receive infusions of 19–28z+ T cells at the lowest planned dose level following escalating doses of cyclophosphamide chemotherapy followed by escalating doses of T cells after cyclophosphamide. Results: Patients treated in the first cohort with the lowest modified T cell dose alone experienced grade 2 fevers and rigors during infusion but no dose limiting toxicities. Treated patients variably experienced decrease in lymph node size, decreased CD19+ B cell numbers in the peripheral blood, and a decreased dependence on red blood cell transfusions. Conclusions: Infusion of genetically modified T cells targeted to CD19 is well tolerated in patients with refractory CLL with objective evidence of anti-tumor responses. We plan to enroll patients on the second planned cohort of this trial wherein patients will receive prior lymphodepleting chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide. The trial presented here is both the first to utilize gene modified autologous T cells for the treatment of CLL, as well as the first to target CD19+ tumors utilizing a rapid T cell expansion protocol, which represents a promising and novel treatment approach for patients with B cell malignancies. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Stroma and the search for common ground: Plumbism or promiscuity?
Authors: K. T Weber
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1995)

Journal Article Stroma and the search for common ground: Plumbism or promiscuity? Get access Karl T Weber Karl T Weber University of Missouri-Columbia, Division of Cardiology, Room MA432 Medical Sciences Building, Columbia, MO 65212, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 29, Issue 3, March 1995, Pages 330–335, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6363(96)88589-0 Published: 01 March 1995 Article history Received: 18 October 1994 Accepted: 03 January 1995 Published: 01 March 1995