tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Demonstration of Two Distinct Antigens in Spent Tissue Culture Medium of a Human Malignant Melanoma Cell Line&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: R K Gupta, R F Irie, D O Chee, D H Kern, D L Morton
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

Spent tissue culture medium was used to define and isolate antigens associated with cultured human malignant melanoma cells (UCLA-SO-M14) grown in a serum-free, chemically defined medium (CDM). Antigenic activities of the spent CDM (M14-CDM) were monitored by complement fixation (CF) and Immune adherence. Allogeneic melanoma sera containing antibodies to oncofetal antigen (OFA) and tumor-associated antigen (TAA) were the source of specific antisera. The crude concentrated M14-CDM contained OFA and TAA. Extraction of partially purified M14-CDM with chloroform: methanol (C:M) separated OFA and TAA into C:M-insoluble and CM-soluble fractions, respectively. When tested by CF, 82% (74/90) of the melanoma sera reacted against the crude concentrated M14-CDM. In contrast, only 40% (36/90) and 29% (26/90) of these melanoma sera were reactive to the C:M-insoluble and C:M-soluble fractions, respectively. Absorption of the 90 melanoma sera with cultured lymphoblastoid cells from the melanoma serum donor (M14 melanoma cell line) reduced the positive incidence against concentrated M14-CDM to 58% (52/90), whereas reactions against the C:M fractions were almost unaffected. Of the 90 absorbed melanoma sera, 21% (19/90) reacted against the CM-insoluble (OFA) fraction but not against the C:M-soluble (TAA) fraction. Conversely, only 10% (9/90) of the sera reacted against TAA but not against OFA. About 19% (17/90) of the sera contained antibodies to both antigens. These results suggest that two distinct antigens, OFA and TAA, were separated from spent tissue culture medium of M14 cells.
Expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor family in tumor dissemination and disease free survival in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: J. S. Lam, J. T. Leppert, H. Yu, D. B. Seligson, J. Dong, S. Horvath, A. J. Pantuck, R. A. Figlin, A. S. Belldegrun
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

4538 Background: The Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) family includes distinct pathways to signal either angiogenesis or lymphangiogenesis. We evaluated the ability of protein expression of the VEGF family to predict the pattern of spread and disease free survival in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Methods: A tissue microarray was constructed from paraffin-embedded clear cell (n=340) RCC specimens from patients treated with nephrectomy. Immunohistochemistry was performed with antibodies directed against VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3. The percentage of tumor cells expressing each marker was scored in 3 locations and averaged. Expression of the receptors was also scored in tumor associated endothelium. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the ability of a marker to predict lymphatic or hematogenous metastases. Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to evaluate the association of each marker with disease-specific survival. Multivariate analysis included TNM stage, Fuhrman grade, and ECOG performance status. Results: Univariate predictors of hematogenous spread to distant metastases included VEGFR-1 (P=0.006) and VEGFR-2 (P=0.02). Neither marker remained significant in multivariate analysis. VEGF-A (P=0.009), VEGFR-1 (P=0.006) and low endothelial expression of VEGFR-3 (P=0.0003) were univariate predictors of lymph node involvement. Low VEGFR-3 expression remained independently significant in multivariate analysis (P=0.01). Univariate predictors of disease free survival included VEGF-A (P=0.0004), VEGFR-1 (P<0.0001), VEGFR-2 (P=0.01), and VEGFR-3 in tumor associated endothelium (P=0.008). VEGFR-3 remained an independent predictor of survival in multivariate analysis (P=0.02). Conclusions: Decreasing expression of VEGFR-3, thought to play a role in tumor escape to the lymphatic system, is an independent predictor of both nodal metastases and poor disease free survival. The relative expression of the VEGF mediated angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis pathways offers a molecular explanation for the pattern of spread of clear cell RCC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
7 年間無再発生存を得たfibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma の 1 例
Authors: 尾上俊介, 尾島英知, 鶴崎正勝, 江崎稔, 水口安則, 伴大輔, 小菅智男, 金井弥栄
Journal: Liver Cancer (2009)
Comparison of the International and American Systems for the Staging of Breast Cancer&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Calvin Zippin, Sc.D.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1966)

Proposals by the International Union Against Cancer and the American joint CommiHee on Cancer Staging and End Results Reporting for the staging of breast cancer differ in several respects. The major differences involved are in the staging of patients with large tumors and those with involvement of the supraclavicular lymph nodes. Patients with tumors exceeding 5 em and with no evidence of spread beyond the primary tumor are assigned to stage I and to stage III under the American and International systems, respectively. Patients with supraclavicular lymph node involvement but no other distant spread are assigned to stage III under the International system and to stage IV under the American rules. A study of clinical stage assignment and survival of 2,038 breast cancer patients has been carried out to assess the importance of differences in the two systems. Approximately one third of the cases assigned to International clinical stage III were assigned to other stages under the American rules, which indicated the need for standardization. Survival analysis suggested that the International rules on tumor size were more appropriate than the American. The survival curve of a small number of cases dependent for staging on supraclavicular lymph node involvement of the subjects was intermediate between the curves for those in stage III and those in stage IV, based on other criteria. The paper also discusses the number of stages to be on eluded in a system and procedures for determining stage groups.
Variation in mitochondrial cytochrome b sequence in natural populations of South American akodontine rodents (Muridae: Sigmodontinae).
Authors: M F Smith, J L Patton
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1991)

A 401-bp fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene was sequenced from polymerase chain reaction-amplified products for 20 natural populations representing 12 species of South American akodontine rodents (Muridae). Variation among these taxa increased with their hierarchical position, from comparisons within local populations to those among different genera. Two individuals from the same local population differed by less than 1% sequence divergence. Sequence divergence among geographic samples within a species was 0.25%-8%, while that among species was 3%-21%. Comparisons of the akodontine sequences with that for the house mouse show 21%-25% sequence difference. A parsimony-based phylogenetic analysis of the data supports the placement of the taxon Microxus within Akodon (sensu stricto), of Bolomys just outside the Akodon cluster, and of Chroeomys as a separate genus quite distinct from the other members of this group. This phylogenetic hypothesis is identical to that determined from electrophoretic data but is quite divergent from the present taxonomy of the group.
Restriction-map variation in the alcohol dehydrogenase region of Drosophila pseudoobscura.
Authors: S W Schaeffer, C F Aquadro, W W Anderson
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1987)

A 32-kb region including the Adh structural gene was analyzed with six restriction endonucleases in 20 lines of Drosophila pseudoobscura, one line of D. persimilis, and one line of D. miranda. Nineteen lines of D. pseudoobscura from a single population were estimated to be polymorphic at one in every 15 nucleotides (p = 0.066). Any two homologous chromosomes chosen at random were heterozygous at one in 48 (H = 0.021) nucleotides. Two small insertions of 50 and 200 bp were found approximately 7 kb upstream from the Adh transcript. High haplotype diversity and low linkage disequilibrium suggest that the polymorphic restriction sites around Adh have segregated almost randomly during the history of this D. pseudoobscura population and that the effects of inbreeding and periodic reduction of population size have been negligible. The restriction-endonuclease analysis for the Adh region of D. pseudoobscura stands in sharp contrast to the strong linkage disequilibrium, high levels of insertion/deletion polymorphism, and lower estimates of nucleotide polymorphism found for this same region in D. melanogaster. A phylogeny for the Adh haplotypes is consistent with an early divergence of D. miranda, while D. persimilis falls within the cluster of D. pseudoobscura haplotypes.
An international phase II study of an all-oral combination of oral vinorelbine (NVBo) and capecitabine (X) in HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC)
Authors: N. Tubiana-Mathieu, P. Bougnoux, D. Becquart, A. Chan, F. Majois, M. Espie, D. Aubert, G. Villanova, P. F. Conte
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

1056 Background: Oral chemotherapy (CT) is attractive for patients (pts) with MBC. The all-oral regimen of NVBo and X is active with good tolerability in MBC. We report efficacy and safety data from an international phase II study of NVBo plus X. Methods: Main eligibility criteria included: measurable HER2-negative, CT-naive MBC, relapse ≥6 months after completing (neo)adjuvant CT, Karnofsky PS ≥70%, age ≥18 years. Study treatment: 3-weekly cycles of NVBo 60 mg/m 2 (cycle 1) or 80 mg/m 2 (from cycle 2) d1 and d8, plus X 1,000 (750 if ≥ 65 years) mg/m 2 twice-daily d1–14. Treatment was continued until progression or unacceptable toxicity. Results: 55 pts were enrolled: median age: 58.5 years (41% ≥65); prior (neo)adjuvant CT in 63%; type of CT: anthracycline 67%, anthracycline + taxane 18%, CMF 15%; visceral involvement in 78%; &gt;2 metastatic sites in 46%. Median 6 cycles; median relative dose intensity: NVBo 88%, X 87%; NVBo dose escalated to 80 mg/m 2 in 94% of pts. G3/4 NCI CTC v2 adverse events (n=54): neutropenia 44% of pts, vomiting 9%, febrile neutropenia 7%, stomatitis 7%, asthenia 7%, infection with G3/4 neutropenia 4%, nausea 4%, diarrhea 4%, hand-foot syndrome 4%, thrombosis/embolism 4%. Efficacy (n=48 evaluable pts): objective response rate (RECIST) 44% (95% CI [29–59]), CR 2%, PR 42%, SD 35%, PD 21%, disease control (CR+PR+SD ≥6 months) 56%. Median time to objective response was 2.9 months. Because of short follow-up, progression-free survival, overall survival and duration of response data are not yet available. Conclusion: The all-oral combination of NVBo and X is an effective and well-tolerated first-line therapy for MBC. Based on these results and the high convenience of oral CT, evaluation of this regimen vs i.v. combinations in a randomized trial is ongoing. [Table: see text]
Abstract 20549: Patient-Specific CT Image-Based Engineering Analysis of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement - Implications for Aortic Root Rupture
Authors: Qian Wang, Caitlin Martin, Susheel Kodali, Jonathon Leipsic, Philipp Blanke, John Webb, Martin Leon, Mathew Williams, Charles Primiano, Wei Sun
Journal: Circulation (2014)
Response to Letter Regarding Article, “Advances in Therapeutic Interventions for Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension”
Authors: Edmund M.T. Lau, David Montani, Xavier Jaïs, Olivier Sitbon, Gérald Simonneau, Marc Humbert
Journal: Circulation (2015)

We thank Babu and colleagues for their interest in our recent review article on therapeutic interventions in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). 1 We agree that, despite emerging data supporting the beneficial effects of exercise training in PAH, more robust data from randomized, controlled trials are needed to clarify its exact role as an adjunct to medical therapy.To date, only 3 randomized controlled trials involving 77 patients have been reported in the literature on supervised exercise training in PAH, 2-4 albeit demonstrating consistent improvements in 6-minute walk distance and quality of life.Based on the findings of these randomized, controlled trials and other uncontrolled studies, the recent updated treatment algorithm of PAH has assigned a high level of evidence for exercise rehabilitation. 5It is important to recognize that exercise training programs differ substantially across studies, with some studies using an initial 3-week period of in-hospital training followed by further training at home. 2 We agree that such training protocols have obvious limitations for translation into healthcare systems worldwide, particularly in less well-resourced environments.It is our opinion that patients should first be optimized on PAH therapy by using an aggressive goal-oriented strategy before consideration for exercise rehabilitation.In addition, exercise rehabilitation should be conducted in a supervised setting by exercise therapists working in a multidisciplinary team with experience in the management of PAH patients, because adverse events such as syncope and supraventricular arrhythmias can occur during training.The optimal exercise modality, duration of training, and characteristics of supervision required for rehabilitating PAH patients are still unclear.Finally, the precise mechanisms through which exercise rehabilitation mediates its beneficial effects in PAH are also unclear; for example, it is undetermined whether exercise rehabilitation has a direct positive effect on central hemodynamics or right heart function.Further research is needed, and larger multicenter trials are eagerly awaited.
CD20+ B-cell depletion therapy suppresses murine CD8+ T-cell–mediated immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Li Guo, Rick Kapur, Rukshana Aslam, Edwin R. Speck, Anne Zufferey, Yajing Zhao, Michael Kim, Alan H. Lazarus, Heyu Ni, John W. Semple
Journal: Blood (2015)
Long-term treatment with dexamethasone induces senescence and progressive loss of proliferation potential in lung adenocarcinoma cells expressing high levels of the glucocorticoid receptor
Authors: Mugdha Patki, Yanfang Huang, Mike Wilson, Abby Fielder, Larry Matherly, Lisa Polin, Manohar Ratnam
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2016)
Nomogram for predicting 5-year survival after primary surgery for epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: D. Chi, O. Zivanovic, V. Kolev, C. Yu, D. A. Levine, Y. Sonoda, N. R. Abu-Rustum, J. Huh, R. R. Barakat, M. W. Kattan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

5523 Background: Nomograms have been shown to be superior to traditional staging systems for predicting an individual's probability of long-term survival. Our objective was to develop a nomogram based on established prognostic factors to predict the probability of 5-year disease-specific survival (DSS) after primary surgery for patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and to compare its predictive accuracy with the currently used FIGO staging system. Methods: We identified all pts with EOC who had their primary staging/cytoreductive surgery at our institution from January 1996-December 2004. DSS was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. We analyzed 28 clinical and pathologic factors for prognostic significance. Significant factors on univariate analysis were then included in the Cox proportional hazards regression model, which identified the factors to be used to construct the nomogram. The concordance index (CI) was used as an accuracy measure, with bootstrapping to correct for optimistic bias. Calibration plots were constructed. Results: There were 478 evaluable pts on the study. The median age was 58 years (range 25–96). The primary surgeon in all cases was an attending gynecologic oncologist. All patients received platinum-based systemic chemotherapy postop. DSS at 5 years was 52%. The most predictive nomogram was constructed using the following 7 predictor variables: age, ASA status, family history suggestive of hereditary breast/ovarian cancer syndrome, preoperative serum albumin level, FIGO stage, tumor histology, and residual disease status after primary surgery. This nomogram was internally validated using bootstrapping and shown to have excellent calibration with a bootstrap-corrected CI of 0.721. The CI for FIGO staging alone was significantly less at 0.62 (p = 0.002). Conclusions: We developed a nomogram to predict 5-year DSS after primary surgery for EOC. The nomogram uses 7 variables that are readily accessible, assigns a point value to each variable, and then predicts the probability of 5-year survival based on the total point value for an individual patient. This tool is more accurate than FIGO staging and should be useful for patient counseling, clinical trial eligibility determination, postop management, and follow-up. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Implementation of chemotherapy treatment plans (CTP) in a large comprehensive cancer center (CCC): The key roles of infrastructure and data sharing.
Authors: Julie M. Bryar, Carole Kathleen Dalby, Susan Anastas, Lauren Brady, Michael J. Hassett, Lawrence N. Shulman, Joseph O. Jacobson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

20 Background: ASCO recommends that prior to initiating chemotherapy, a synoptic CTP should be created. At a large CCC, there was no tool to consistently or clearly communicate chemotherapy plans within the electronic health record (EHR). Methods: In 2011, a structured tool was created in the EHR to document patient diagnosis, tumor characteristics, planned regimen, side effects, performance status, and other elements when starting a new chemotherapy. Completion of a CTP generates a synoptic note in the EHR, pre-populates a chemotherapy consent form and computerized chemotherapy ordering template, helping to integrate CTPs into normal workflow and removing steps for possible errors. Completed CTPs can be accessed by care team members and sent to external referring providers. Implementation strategy included education on the importance of and how to complete CTPs and sending monthly compliance reports to disease centers (DC) and regional sites (RS). Compliance was defined as number completed CTPs / number new chemotherapy starts. Results: The CTP tool was introduced in a staggered rollout in mid-2011 (compliance reporting began in 2012). Six DC and 3 RS presently complete and use CTPs. 3,569 CTPs were completed since 2012. The table shows compliance by quarter, demonstrating significant variation among DC and RS. We attribute increased compliance to introduction of formal feedback reports that allow for identification of high-volume providers not completing CTPs, triggering individual interventions, especially targeted re-education. We also suspect shared reporting led to competition among providers, further improving performance. No incentives were provided for CTP completion. Conclusions: By creating a tool within the existing workflow and providing formal feedback, CTPs have been implemented as a communication tool at a CCC. [Table: see text]
A phase I study of vorinostat (VOR) in combination with capecitabine (CAP) in patients (pts) with advanced solid tumors
Authors: P. Tang, A. Oza, C. Townsley, L. Siu, G. Pond, P. Sarveswaran, S. Webster, J. Zwiebel, E. Chen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

3576 Background: VOR (suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid; SAHA) is a small molecule inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC) that binds directly to the enzyme’s active site in the presence of a zinc ion. Aberrant HDAC activity has been implicated in a variety of cancers. The combination of 5-fluorouracil and VOR is synergistic in preclinical tumor models. Methods: This phase I study evaluated safety, tolerability, and the recommended phase II dose (RPTD) of VOR and CAP in pts with advanced solid tumors. VOR was administered orally daily while CAP was administered orally bid on days 1–14 of a 21 d cycle. Results: Three dose levels have been evaluated (VOR (mg/d)/CAP (mg/bid)): 300/750, 300/1,000 and 400/1,000. Twenty-three pts have been treated: 6M/17F, median age 59 (range 41–73), ECOG 0:1:2 = 9:13:1, prior therapy 1:2:3 or more = 3:7:13. Pts had colorectal cancer (n=6), nasopharyngeal (n=3) and various other tumors. A total of 104 cycles have been administered, with median = 2 (range 1–15). One dose limiting toxicity (DLT) (grade 3 diarrhea) occurred in 6 patients at dose level 1. No DLT were observed at dose level 2, and 2 DLTs (grade 3 fatigue and grade 3 nausea/vomiting) occurred at dose level 3. RPTD was determined to be VOR 300 mg/d and CAP 1,000 mg/bid. Most common toxicities of any grade and at least possibly attributable (n=22) are: thrombocytopenia (59% of pts), fatigue (55%), nausea (55%), vomiting (50%), hypoalbuminemia (45%), anemia (41%), diarrhea (41%), anorexia (41%), elevated creatinine (36%), lymphopenia (36%), hyponatremia (36%), and hyperglycemia (36%). Common grade 3 toxicities included: hand-foot syndrome (23% of pts), diarrhea (14%), fatigue (14%), and lymphopenia (14%). One pt died on study from ventricular fibrillation due to sotalol and hypocalcemia from pre-existing hypoparathyroidism. Five patients with various tumor types had PR (2 confirmed, 3 unconfirmed) (2 nasopharyngeal, 1 each of ovarian, endometrial and squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck). In addition, disease stabilization was seen in 12 patients. Conclusions: VOR and CAP are well tolerated, and this combination is active in several tumor types. Further evaluations of VOR and CAP are warranted. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 107: Apocynin Attenuates Isoproterenol-induced Myocardial Injury: Implications For Targeting Nadph Oxidase In Myocardial Fibrogenesis
Authors: Yu Chen, Jingang Cui, Qinbo Yang, Chenglin Jia, Minqi Xiong, Peiwei Wang, Teng Zhang
Journal: Circulation Research (2013)