tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Typing of the enigmatic<i>Propionibacterium acnes</i>
Authors: M. Kilian, H.B. Lomholt
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2015)

Journal Article Typing of the enigmatic Propionibacterium acnes Get access M. Kilian, M. Kilian Department of Biomedicine Faculty of Health Aarhus University Wilhelm Meyers allé 4 DK‐8000 Aarhus C Denmark https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5861-0472 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H.B. Lomholt H.B. Lomholt Department of Biomedicine Faculty of Health Aarhus University Wilhelm Meyers allé 4 DK‐8000 Aarhus C Denmark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 172, Issue 5, 1 May 2015, Page 1181, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.13771 Published: 01 May 2015
Injury prevention in paediatric sport-related injuries: a scientific approach
Authors: C A Emery
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2009)

][3][4][5][6][7] Canadian studies report that 30-40% of youth (ages 11-18 years) seek medical attention for a sport injury annually. 2 7While physical activity prevents all-cause morbidity associated with a sedentary lifestyle, injuries can become a barrier to physical activity.Injury prevention in youth is a critical issue in healthcare and in the promotion of health and wellness in our communities, and is becoming a public health priority. 8-9However, there is a discrepancy between the amount of research in this area and the public health burden of injury in youth sport where injuries are often predictable and preventable. 10An interdisciplinary and rigorous scientific approach is critical to understanding the complexity of injury risks, prevention and safety policies related to sport injury in youth.Studies that examine prevention strategies are paramount in establishing best practices for prevention in youth sport for healthcare practitioners, sport and health administrators, policy makers, athletes, coaches, parents and the public.The results of research in this area are often pivotal in decisions made to continue, discontinue, allocate or reduce funds from given public health, sport and healthcare programmes.As such, a rigorous methodological approach to research in injury prevention in youth sport is essential to inform practice and policy most appropriately.
PRESERVATION OF STOCK CULTURES OF BACTERIA BY FREEZING AND DRYING
Authors: Homer F. Swift
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1921)

Attention is called to the fact that bacteria may be preserved for a long time by desiccation in the frozen state. It has been shown that it is necessary to maintain the frozen condition until desiccation is complete; if the fluid melts before the moisture is completely removed, the organisms are killed, probably because of the concentration of the salts upon the surface of the bacteria. By the simple expedient of immersing the tubes of organisms in glycerol contained in a desiccator and subsequently keeping the whole apparatus in a salt-ice mixture until drying is complete, the organisms are easily maintained in the frozen state, and dry properly. Bacteria preserved in this manner retain their cultural, biochemical, and immunological characters for prolonged periods.
Identification of Promiscuous KIF20A Long Peptides Bearing Both CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell Epitopes: KIF20A-Specific CD4+ T-cell Immunity in Patients with Malignant Tumor
Authors: Yusuke Tomita, Akira Yuno, Hirotake Tsukamoto, Satoru Senju, Yasuhiro Kuroda, Masatoshi Hirayama, Atsushi Irie, Kenta Kawahara, Junji Yatsuda, Akinobu Hamada, Hirofumi Jono, Koji Yoshida, Takuya Tsunoda, Hirotsugu Kohrogi, Yoshihiro Yoshitake, Yusuke Nakamura, Masanori Shinohara, Yasuharu Nishimura
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Purpose: To identify long peptides (LP) derived from a novel tumor-associated antigen (TAA), kinesin family member 20A (KIF20A), which induce tumor-specific T-helper type 1 (TH1) cells and CTLs. Experimental Design: We combined information from a recently developed computer algorithm predicting HLA class II–binding peptides with KIF20A-derived CTL-epitope sequences presented by HLA-A2 (A*02:01) or HLA-A24 (A*24:02) to select candidate promiscuous TH1-cell epitopes containing CTL epitopes. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) derived from healthy donors or patients with head-and-neck malignant tumor (HNMT) were used to study the immunogenicity of KIF20A-LPs, and the in vitro cross-priming potential of KIF20A-LPs bearing CTL epitopes. We used HLA-A24 transgenic mice to address whether vaccination with KIF20A-LP induces efficient cross-priming of CTLs in vivo. The TH1-cell response to KIF20A-LPs in HNMT patients receiving immunotherapy with TAA-derived CTL-epitope peptides was analyzed using IFN-γ enzyme-linked immunospot assays. Results: We identified promiscuous KIF20A-LPs bearing naturally processed epitopes recognized by CD4+ T cells and CTLs. KIF20A-specific CTLs were induced by vaccination with a KIF20A-LP in vivo. KIF20A expression was detected in 55% of HNMT by immunohistochemistry, and significant frequencies of KIF20A-specific TH1 cell responses were detected after short-term in vitro stimulation of PBMCs with KIF20A-LPs in 50% of HNMT patients, but not in healthy donors. Furthermore, these responses were associated with KIF20A expression in HNMT tissues. Conclusions: These are the first results showing the presence of KIF20A-specific TH1 cell responses in HNMT patients and underline the possible utility of KIF20A-LPs for propagation of TH1 cells and CTLs. Clin Cancer Res; 19(16); 4508–20. ©2013 AACR.
Predicting Adolescent Violence: Impact of Family History, Substance Use, Psychiatric History, and Social Adjustment
Authors: Ralph E Tarter, Levent Kirisci, Michael Vanyukov, Jack Cornelius, Kathleen Pajer, Gavin D Shoal, Peter R Giancola
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2002)

The aim of this study was to provisionally develop an efficient screening method to detect adolescents at high risk for committing a violent act by young adulthood. In addition, the authors sought to use this screening instrument, in conjunction with child and parent psychopathology and substance abuse data, to determine the accuracy of violent outcome predictions.The probands were men with a lifetime history of DSM-III-R substance use disorder (N=38) and men with no adult psychiatric disorder (N=61). Their biological sons were studied at two time points. At age 12-14, the offspring completed a 13-item Violence Proneness Scale, which was derived by using items from the revised Drug Use Screening Inventory. The occurrence of violent acts was then assessed at a follow-up evaluation when the offspring were 19 years of age.Among the offspring, a DSM-III-R axis I psychiatric disorder and a Violence Proneness Scale score of 10 or higher at age 12-14 predicted a violent outcome by age 19. The overall accuracy of prediction was 77%. Sensitivity was 81%, and specificity was 76%. Substance use disorder or psychopathology in the probands or substance use frequency in the children did not contribute to the prediction of violence.The brief Violence Proneness Scale, which measures school and peer adjustment, in conjunction with a childhood psychiatric history may constitute an efficient screening procedure for identifying youth who are at high risk for committing acts of violence.
Exome sequencing identifies MLL2 mutations as a cause of Kabuki syndrome
Authors: Sarah B Ng, Abigail W Bigham, Kati J Buckingham, Mark C Hannibal, Margaret J McMillin, Heidi I Gildersleeve, Anita E Beck, Holly K Tabor, Gregory M Cooper, Heather C Mefford, Choli Lee, Emily H Turner, Joshua D Smith, Mark J Rieder, Koh-ichiro Yoshiura, Naomichi Matsumoto, Tohru Ohta, Norio Niikawa, Deborah A Nickerson, Michael J Bamshad, Jay Shendure
Journal: Nature Genetics (2010)
Establishment of Micrometastatic Carcinoma Cell Lines: a Novel Source of Tumor Cell Vaccines
Authors: K. Pantel, A. Dickmanns, A. Zippelius, C. Klein, J. Shi, W. Hoechtlen-Vollmar, G. Schlimok, D. Weckermann, R. Oberneder, E. Fanning, G. Riethmuller
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1995)

Cancer cells of microscopic metastases can be envisaged as ideal constituents for the development of a genetically modified, autologous tumor cell vaccine. However, their extremely low number has thus far blocked this approach.The aim of this study was to culture micrometastatic tumor cells present in bone marrow of patients with various forms of epithelial cancer and to thereby establish immortalized cell lines.Bone marrow aspirates from the upper iliac crest of 152 patients with cancer of the prostate, kidney, lung, breast, or colorectum were cultured at 1 x 10(7) to 6 x 10(7) mononuclear cells (MNC) per flask in fetal calf serum-containing RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10 ng/mL epidermal growth factor and 10 ng/mL basic fibroblast growth factor. The proliferation of epithelial cells on extracellular matrix-coated plates was monitored by sampling and staining aliquots with cytokeratin-specific antibodies. After 3-6 weeks in culture, the cells were transferred to Petri dishes, and 200-300 epithelial cells per plate were microinjected with DNA encoding for the simian virus 40 (SV40) large T antigen. Cells were screened at various time points for expression of large T antigen and epithelial markers, such as cytokeratins, prostate-specific antigen, prolactin-inducible protein, or intestinal-specific annexin; their bone marrow-seeking potential was tested in immunodeficient SCID (i.e., severe combined immunodeficiency) mice given subcutaneous transplants of the immortalized cells.Prior to culture, more than 90% of all samples presented with fewer than 10 tumor cells per 8 x 10(5) MNC. In 68 cases (44.7%), the established culture conditions allowed a two to four log transient expansion of these cells with rather small differences among the tumor types studied. Epidermal growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor were found to be essential for this culture system. After microinjection of the propagated cells with T-antigen DNA, permanent cell lines were obtained; some of these cell lines (prostate and lung cancer cell lines) are now beyond culture passage 80. The cells showed no notable changes in the pattern of expressed epithelial antigens and were able to disseminate into bone marrow in SCID mice.This procedure allows the selective immortalization of micrometastatic carcinoma cells. Integration of SV40 DNA and expression of T antigen did not substantially change the epithelial phenotype of the propagated cells.The established system will allow an in-depth molecular analysis of human micrometastatic cancer cells and could become a useful source for the generation of autologous tumor cell vaccines.
At-TAX: a whole genome tiling array resource for developmental expression analysis and transcript identification in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Sascha Laubinger, Georg Zeller, Stefan R Henz, Timo Sachsenberg, Christian K Widmer, Naïra Naouar, Marnik Vuylsteke, Bernhard Schölkopf, Gunnar Rätsch, Detlef Weigel
Journal: Genome biology (2008)

Gene expression maps for model organisms, including Arabidopsis thaliana, have typically been created using gene-centric expression arrays. Here, we describe a comprehensive expression atlas, Arabidopsis thaliana Tiling Array Express (At-TAX), which is based on whole-genome tiling arrays. We demonstrate that tiling arrays are accurate tools for gene expression analysis and identified more than 1,000 unannotated transcribed regions. Visualizations of gene expression estimates, transcribed regions, and tiling probe measurements are accessible online at the At-TAX homepage.
Suitability of the upper back for corticosteroid vasoconstrictor assay
Authors: P. Duhra, K. S. Ryatt
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

Journal Article Suitability of the upper back for corticosteroid vasoconstrictor assay Get access P. Duhra, P. Duhra The Skin Hospital George Road Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 1BR, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. S. Ryatt K. S. Ryatt The Skin Hospital George Road Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 1BR, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 119, Issue 3, 1 September 1988, Pages 406–407, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1988.tb03238.x Published: 01 September 1988
Clinical progression and virological failure on highly active antiretroviral therapy in HIV-1 patients: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Bruno Ledergerber, Matthias Egger, Milos Opravil, Amalio Telenti, Bernard Hirschel, Manuel Battegay, Pietro Vernazza, Philippe Sudre, Markus Flepp, Hansjakob Furrer, Patrick Francioli, Rainer Weber
Journal: The Lancet (1999)
Regulation of JAK3 expression in human monocytes: phosphorylation in response to interleukins 2, 4, and 7.
Authors: T Musso, J A Johnston, D Linnekin, L Varesio, T K Rowe, J J O'Shea, D W McVicar
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1995)

The Janus family of kinases (JAKs) has been shown to be involved in the signal transduction of a number of cytokine receptors. Recently, we have cloned a novel JAK family member, JAK3, that is expressed in natural killer and activated T cells and is coupled functionally and physically to the interleukin 2 (IL-2) receptor in these cells. Here we report that JAK3 was expressed at low but detectable levels in human monocytes. In contrast, JAK3 expression was strongly induced during activation by interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) or lipopolysaccharide. Moreover, JAK3 became tyrosine phosphorylated in response to IL-2, IL-4, and IL-7 but not response to IFN-gamma or granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Together, these findings suggest that JAK3 is functionally important in activated monocytes and cells of the myeloid lineage and is involved in signaling responses of cytokines that use the common gamma-chain of the IL-2 receptor.
Prognosis for Coronary Stenoses in Patients With Diabetes and Silent Myocardial Ischemia
Authors: Emmanuel Cosson, Michel Guimfack, Jacques Paries, Frédéric Paycha, Jean-Raymond Attali, Paul Valensi
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

Silent myocardial ischemia (SMI) is common in patients with diabetes (1–4). The prognostic value of SMI, evidenced by exercise electrocardiogram (ECG) stress test (5) and thallium 201 myocardial scintigraphy (6), as well as their association (7) in asymptomatic diabetic patients, has recently been demonstrated. About 50% of the patients with SMI exhibit angiographically normal coronary arteries (1,2). In these patients, endothelial dysfunction and abnormalities of coronary microcirculation may be involved (8). So far, the respective roles played by these functional disorders, by the demonstrated silent coronary stenoses, or by both in the poor prognosis of SMI are still unknown.

The aim of this …
Influence of Site Classification on Cancer Incidence Rates: An Analysis of Gastric Cardia Carcinomas
Authors: D. A. Corley, A. Kubo
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2004)

Background: Recent reports suggest that the incidences of cardia and gastroesophageal junction carcinomas have increased markedly. The influence of improvements in cancer site classification (i.e., from no specific site to a specific site) on these incidence rates is unknown. Methods: We analyzed data for all gastric cancers reported to the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) cancer registries from 1974 through 1998. We compared incidence figures adjusted for improvements in site classification with the standard unadjusted incidence rates traditionally reported from SEER data. All analyses used two-sided statistical tests. Results: Among white males, the proportion of gastric cancers with an unspecified location decreased from 38% from 1974 to 1976 to 14% in 1996 to 1998. Between 1974–1976 and 1996–1998, the adjusted cardia cancer incidence rate for white males was unchanged (5.3% increase, from 3.6 to 3.8 per 100 000 population/year, respectively; P = .59), whereas the unadjusted cardia cancer incidence rate underwent a statistically significant increase (77% increase, from 1.9 to 3.4 per 100 000 population/year, respectively; P <.001). During the same period, the adjusted noncardia gastric cancer incidence rate in white males decreased from 6.8 to 3.8 per 100 000 population/year ( P <.001), an absolute decrease more than twice as large as that seen using standard unadjusted SEER data (from 4.5 to 3.2 per 100 000 population/year; P <.001). Similar findings were observed for black males. Conclusions: Improved specification of gastric cancer sites may largely account for the purported increase in cardia cancer incidence in recent decades. Noncardia gastric cancer incidence may be decreasing much more rapidly than previously appreciated. These results illustrate the potentially large influence of changes in site classification on some cancer incidence rates.
Regulation of matrix metalloproteinase MT1-MMP/MMP-2 in cardiac fibroblasts by TGF-β1 involves furin-convertase
Authors: P STAWOWY, C MARGETA, H KALLISCH, N SEIDAH, M CHRETIEN, E FLECK, K GRAF
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2004)

Heart failure is characterized by an imbalance of matrix synthesis/turnover, finally resulting in fibrosis. Cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts play a pivotal role in the remodeling process. Cardiac remodeling involves the expression of TGF-beta1 and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in cardiac fibroblasts (CFBs). Furin, a subtilisin/kexin-like proprotein convertase (PC), activates TGF-beta1 and membrane-bound MT1-MMP, which facilitates pro-gelatinase A (MMP-2) activation. Even though several reports identified TGF-beta1 as a pro-fibrotic cytokine in the heart, it increases MMP-activity and cell migration/invasion in several cell types. The present study was done to investigate the contribution of TGF-beta1 and furin to CFBs MMP-activity and motility.Stimulation of CFBs from adult Sprague-Dawley rats with TGF-beta1 (20 ng/ml) induced furin, but had no effect on the closely related PC5. Inhibition of furin inhibited angiotensin II-induced TGF-beta1 activation, indicating that TGF-beta1 amplifies its activating convertase in CFBs. Pretreatment of CFBs with TGF-beta1 (20 ng/ml, 24 h) increased their migration by about two-fold (p<0.05), which was accompanied by an enhanced expression and activity of MT1-MMP and MMP-2. Brefeldin A (BFA), a Golgi-disturbing agent, inhibited MT1-MMP activation, indicating that it occurs in the trans-Golgi network (TGN), where furin is concentrated and colocalized with MT1-MMP. Inhibition of furin significantly inhibited TGF-beta1-induced MT1-MMP/MMP-2 activation. Furthermore, inhibition of furin attenuated TGF-beta1-enhanced migration on gelatin-coated membranes (p<0.05). This was comparable to the effects of the MMP-inhibitor GM6001, pointing out that MMPs are major mediators of TGF-beta1-enhanced CFB motility.We demonstrate that TGF-beta1 induces MMP-activity in CFBs, thereby facilitating CFBs motility. Furthermore, TGF-beta1 amplifies its activating convertase furin, which is also required for MT1-MMP/MMP-2 activation in CFBs. Thus, furin is central for TGF-beta1 and MT1-MMP activation and might be a novel target in cardiac remodeling.
Preventing Renal Complications in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Anthony Barnett
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2006)

Patients with type 2 diabetes are prone to hypertension and persistent protein leakage from the kidney (microalbuminuria or macroalbuminuria). A progressive decline in renal function can lead to overt diabetic nephropathy and ESRD. The likelihood of cardiovascular disease also is increased. Control of hypertension is paramount to prevent these life-threatening complications. Agents that target the renin-angiotensin system—angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers—have been shown to be renoprotective. The groundbreaking Diabetics Exposed to Telmisartan And enalaprIL (DETAIL) trial was designed to address the absence of comparative data on the long-term effects of an angiotensin II receptor blocker versus an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor on renoprotection and survival in 250 patients with hypertension and early type 2 diabetic nephropathy. The primary purpose of the 5-yr double-blind, double-dummy, randomized study was to establish whether 40 to 80 mg of telmisartan conferred similar (i.e., noninferior) renoprotection to 10 to 20 mg of enalapril as determined by the change from baseline in GFR, measured by the plasma clearance of iohexol. Secondary end points included the emergence of ESRD and all-cause mortality. Telmisartan was not inferior to enalapril in reducing the decline in GFR: Mean annual declines in GFR were 3.7 and 3.3 ml/min per 1.73 m2 with telmisartan and enalapril, respectively. During the 5-yr study period, no patient developed a serum creatinine >200 μmol/L, and none required dialysis. There were only six deaths in each treatment group during the study, with half being due to cardiovascular events.
Phase II trial of tipifarnib and radiation in children with newly diagnosed diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas
Authors: D. A. Haas-Kogan, A. Banerjee, T. Y. Poussaint, M. Kocak, M. D. Prados, J. R. Geyer, M. Fouladi, A. Broniscer, J. E. Minturn, I. F. Pollack, R. J. Packer, J. M. Boyett, L. E. Kun
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2011)

We performed a phase II study to assess the efficacy and toxicity of tipifarnib, a farnesyltransferase inhibitor, administered with radiation therapy (RT) in children with newly diagnosed diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas. Children 3-21 years old with pontine gliomas (BSGs) were treated with concurrent tipifarnib and RT, followed by adjuvant tipifarnib. Tipifarnib was taken orally twice daily (125 mg/m2/dose) during RT; after RT, it was taken at 200 mg/m2 twice daily for 21 days, in 28-day cycles. Initial and follow-up neuroimaging was centrally reviewed. Forty eligible patients (median age, 5.5 years; range, 3.3–16.5 years) had a median progression-free survival of 6.8 months (range, 0.2-18.6 months) and median overall survival of 8.3 months (range, 0.2-18.6 months). Kaplan–Meier estimates (± standard error) of 1-year progression-free and overall survival were 12.9% ±4.9% and 34.3% ±7.4%, respectively. A single patient remained on tipifarnib without progression at the completion of the study, two years after initiation of treatment. Seven patients were without disease progression for at least six months, three of whom remained controlled for more than a year. The most frequent toxicity was grade 3 lymphopenia. We documented a single instance of "pseudoprogression" by neuroimaging review. We found no discordance among 3 approaches to defining disease progression: as interpreted by treating institutions (based on clinical status and/or imaging) and by central review (using bi-dimensional tumor "area" versus volumetric measurements). For children with diffuse BSGs, tipifarnib administered with irradiation offered no clinical advantage over historical controls. Biopsies and molecular analyses of pediatric BSGs are vital for identification of new agents and for rational use of targeted agents.