tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Low Expression of Tim-3 in Patients with Maculopapular Exanthema (EMP) Induced By Drugs Can Impaired Disease Control.
Authors: Tahia D. Fernandez, Francisca Palomares, Maria Salas, Inmaculada Doña, Esther Barrionuevo, Adriana Ariza, Raquel Jurado, Miguel Blanca, Cristobalina Mayorga, María José Torres
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Inhibition of B16-BL6 Melanoma Growth in Mice by Methionine-Enkephalin&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: A J Murgo
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

The antitumor effect of methionine-enkephalin [( Met]enkephalin) was demonstrated in C57BL/6J mice inoculated with B16-BL6 melanoma cells. Local subcutaneous tumor growth was inhibited with a 50-micrograms dose daily for 7 or 14 days. The antitumor effect of [Met]enkephalin was inhibited by the administration of the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone. Naloxone alone had no significant effect on tumor growth.
Autopsy Proven Pulmonary Embolism in Hospital Patients: Are We Detecting Enough Deep Vein Thrombosis?
Authors: D A Sandler, J F Martin
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1989)

To investigate the present status of pulmonary embolism as a cause of death in a general hospital patient population, a 5-year retrospective study of all autopsy reports and associated hospital records was undertaken. Pulmonary embolism was thought to be the cause of death in 239 of 2388 autopsies performed (10%): 15% of these patients were aged less than 60 years and 68% did not have cancer. Of these patients, 83% had deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) in the legs at autopsy, of whom only 19% had symptoms of DVT before death. Only 3% of patients who had DVT at autopsy had undergone an investigation for such before death. Twenty-four per cent of patients who died from pulmonary embolism had undergone surgery a mean of 6.9 days before. Screening tests for DVT should be applied widely in the hospital population.
Epidemiology, Risk Assessment of Environmental Carcinogens and Polymorphism in Childhood Leukemia and Solid Tumors: A Study from Gwangju-Chonnam Area, Korea
Authors: Hae In Jang, Joo Hyun Cho, Hee Jo Baek, Dong Kyun Han, Hyeoung Joon Kim, Il Kwon Lee, Jai Dong Moon, Hoon Kook
Journal: Blood (2014)
Pre-clinical evidence for nab-paclitaxel efficacy in the treatment of adrenocortical cancer
Authors: M. J. Demeure, E. Stephan, P. Gonzales, H. Han, K. Delgiorno, C. S. Grant, S. Gately, J. M. Trent, D. D. Von Hoff
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

22070 Background: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare and lethal cancer with an average incidence of 0.7 in 1 million. Response to current standard therapy including mitotane is approximately 22%. Expression profiling analysis of human tumors has identified potential therapeutic targets which were then tested in in vitro and in vivo systems. Methods: RNA samples from 25 ACC tumors and 4 normal adrenal glands were profiled on both the Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2 and Agilent 22K element expression arrays. Novel therapeutic targets identified were tested in comparison with mitotane in two ACC cell lines (H295R and SW-13) in vitro and in vivo in a Scid mouse xenograft system. Protein levels of selected genes were subsequently assayed by IHC of a xenograft tumor TMA. Results: Expression of SPARC (secreted protein acidic rich in cysteine), an albumin binding matrix protein involved in cell structure and cell cycle progression, is upregulated within the ACC tumor population 1.50 + 0.81 (μ+SD) and 3.54+ 2.37 (μ+SD) fold on the Affymetrix and Agilent platforms, respectively. The anti-microtubular drugs paclitaxel and nanoparticle albumin bound paclitaxel (ABRAXANE®) exhibited in vitro inhibition of H295R and SW-13 cells at IC50 concentrations of 0.33 μM and 0.0078 μM for paclitaxel and 0.35 μM and 0.0087 μM for nab-paclitaxel compared to mitotane concentrations of 15.9 μM and 46.4 μM. IHC staining of treated xenograft tumors shows no induction of MDR1 with nab-paclitaxel treatment. Conclusions: Biological insight garnered through expression profiling of ACC tumors supports the clinical investigation of nab-paclitaxel use in the treatment of ACC in which there is over-expression of SPARC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Association of Cryoprecipitate and Tranexamic Acid With Improved Survival Following Wartime Injury: Findings From the MATTERs II Study
Authors: Denise M. Goodman
Journal: JAMA (2013)

An abstract of a study by Roberts et al investigating the association of cardiac disease with amnestic and nonamnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI and naMCI, respectively) is presented. Of 1,450 participants without MCI or dementia at baseline, 366 developed MCI. Cardiac disease was associated with an increased risk of naMCI (hazard ratio, 1.77[95% CI, 1.16-2.72]). However, the association varied by sex (P= .02 for interaction). Cardiac disease was associated with an increased risk of naMCI (hazard ratio, 3.07 [95% CI, 1.58-5.99]) for women but not for men (hazard ratio, 1.16 [95% CI, 0.68-1.99]). Cardiac disease was not associated with any type of MCI or with aMCI.
Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome or Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome—Reply
Authors: Derek M. Sorensen
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
An open-label, multicenter phase II trial of sunitinib for patients with chemorefractory metastatic gastric cancer.
Authors: M. H. Moehler, J. T. Hartmann, F. Lordick, S. Al-Batran, P. Reimer, T. Trarbach, M. P. Ebert, S. Daum, M. Weihrauch, P. R. Galle
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e14503 Background: Since sunitinib is effective in metastatic renal cancer and GIST tumors, we evaluated tolerability and efficacy of sunitinib for the first time in highly pretreated caucasian patients (pts) with unresectable metastatic (met.) adenocarcinoma of stomach, esophagogastric junction or lower oesophagus. Methods: 52 caucasian pts were included after documented resistance to 5-FU, cisplatin, oxaliplatin, irinotecan and/or doxetacel. Inclusion criteria were KPS ≥ 70, measurable lesions and adequate organ functions. Sunitinib was given 50 mg/day for 4 weeks with 2 weeks rest (4+2). In case of toxicity, dosage was reduced to 37.5 or 25 mg. Treatment continued until progression or non-tolerable side effects. Tumor assessments were performed after cycle 1, 2, 4 etc. Results: The analysis refers to 51 of 52 pts because 1 pt had no tumor and was thus excluded. Pts (median age 59 years, range 28-81, KPS 90%, gastric 69%, esophagogastric 21%, lower oesophagus 10%) were resistant to median 2 (range 1-6) therapies. Median treatment time was 28 days (range 1-260) and median cycles were 1 (1-6). 38 serious adverse events (SAE) occured in 25 subjects. Thereof 4 SAEs were possibly related assessed to sunitinib (anaemia, vomiting and headache, vomiting, pneumonia, each 1 subject). 1 SAE was judged to be probably related to sunitinib (thrombocytopenia and epistaxis). No SUSAR occurred. The outcome of 12 SAEs was fatal due to progression of disease (10), cholangitis (1) and peritonitis/bacterial sepsis (1). With regard to survival, 9 pts experienced early death (= within 60 days after start of treatment). Among 38 response-evaluable pts, 2 pts had PR and 10 had SD as best reponse. Median PFS was 42 days (CI: 37-60). Due to few omitted tumor assessments PFS may be overestimated. Median OS was 177 days (CI: 106-278). The estimated 1-year survival rate is 23.7 % (CI: 12.8-36.6%). Conclusions: Sunitinib therapy was well tolerated in caucasian patients with highly pretreated chemorefractory gastric cancer. As sunitinib alone was associated with tumor control in some patients, future studies should focus on evaluating the combination of sunitinib with other effective drugs for esophagogastric cancer. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Pfizer, Roche Bayer, Pfizer Pfizer
Deferasirox In The Treatment Of Iron Overload During Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPN)
Authors: Roberto Latagliata, Chiara Montagna, Raffaele Porrini, Sabrina Crescenzi Leonetti, Pasquale Niscola, Fabrizio Ciccone, Antonio Spadea, Massimo Breccia, Angela Rago, Francesca Spirito, Michele Cedrone, Marianna De Muro, Marco Montanaro, Alessandro Andriani, Antonino Bagnato, Enrico Montefusco, Giuseppe Cimino, Giuliana Alimena
Journal: Blood (2013)
A randomised trial of hypertonic saline during hospitalisation for exacerbation of cystic fibrosis
Authors: Ruth L Dentice, Mark R Elkins, Peter G Middleton, Jennifer R Bishop, Peter A B Wark, Douglas J Dorahy, Christopher J Harmer, Honghua Hu, Peter T P Bye
Journal: Thorax (2016)

The mucoactive effects of hypertonic saline should promote exacerbation resolution in people with cystic fibrosis (CF).To determine the effects of hypertonic saline inhalation during hospitalisation for exacerbation of CF on length of stay, lung function, symptoms, oxygenation, exercise tolerance, quality of life, bacterial load and time to next hospitalisation.132 adults with an exacerbation of CF were randomised to inhale three nebulised doses a day of either 4 mL 7% saline or a taste-masked control of 0.12% saline, throughout the hospital admission. The primary outcome measure was length of hospital stay.All participants tolerated their allocated saline solution. There was no significant difference in length of stay, which was 12 days in the hypertonic saline group and 13 days in controls, with a mean between-group difference (MD) of 1 day (95% CI 0 to 2). The likelihood of regaining pre-exacerbation FEV1 by discharge was significantly higher in the hypertonic saline group (75% vs 57%), and the number needed to treat was 6 (95% CI 3 to 65). On a 0-100 scale, the hypertonic saline group had significantly greater reduction in symptom severity than the control group at discharge in sleep (MD=13, 95% CI 4 to 23), congestion (MD=10, 95% CI 3 to 18) and dyspnoea (MD=8, 95% CI 1 to 16). No significant difference in time to next hospitalisation for a pulmonary exacerbation was detected between groups (HR=0.86 (CI 0.57 to 1.30), p=0.13). Other outcomes did not significantly differ.Addition of hypertonic saline to the management of a CF exacerbation did not reduce the length of hospital stay. Hypertonic saline speeds the resolution of exacerbation symptoms and allows patients to leave hospital with greater symptom resolution.ACTRN12605000780651.
Inhibition of DNA Synthesis of Synchronized RSa Cells by Human Leukocyte Interferon2
Authors: Akira Fuse, Tsuguo Kuwata
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

A human leukocyte interferon preparation suppressed DNA synthesis and subsequent mitosis of synchronously growing virus-transformed human RSa cells. DNA synthesis was inhibited completely when interferon was added to cell cultures in late G1 phase, but was not so inhibited when interferon was added in G1/S boundary phase. Overall protein synthesis was reduced only slightly by interferon treatment. The findings suggested that critical events leading to the inhibition of DNA synthesis and subsequent mitosis by interferon action take place in late G1 phase or S phase.
Abstract 2942: High Mortality Rates are Associated with Withdrawal of Beta Blockers and Ace Inhibitors in Chemotherapy-Induced Heart Failure
Authors: Ashish Shukla, S Wamique Yusuf, Iyad Daher, Daniel Lenihan, Jb Durand
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Beta blockers (BB) and ACE inhibitors (ACE) are recommended for management of left ventricular (LV)dysfunction including patients with chemotherapy-induced cardiomyopathy (CCM). There is a scarcity of data for the long term requirement of these medications in cancer patients, and the effect of their withdrawal after improvement of LV function is unknown. We report a cohort study involving patients with CCM on BB and ACE who underwent withdrawal of these medications and their outcome. Methods: In a cohort of patients with CCM stabilized on BB (commonly carvedilol) and ACE, sixteen patients were identified that had therapy withdrawn and then presented with acute heart failure. Patients resumed BB and ACE therapy and outcomes of LV function and survival were evaluated. The change in LVEF by ECHO was compared using paired t-test, with a matched control population with t-test and survivability compared and calculated using Kaplan-Meier estimates and log rank test. Results: A total of 48 patients, case (n=16) and matched control (n=32), on maximal tolerated doses of ACE+BB, mean EF of 49.62% Upon withdrawal mean EF decreased to 30.62% (p&lt;0.0001). Nine patients died within six months of discontinuation of therapy, three of sudden cardiac death. Reinstitution of carvedilol+ACE improved LVEF to a mean of 45% (p&lt;0.0001). Discussion: This study demonstrates acute deterioration in cardiac function and survival upon withdrawal of BB and ACE in patients with CCM, and a mortality of 56.25% for case patients and 28.12% for control patients. These data indicate that BB and ACE are pivotal in cancer patients with CCM and necessitates their indefinite use.
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of Tremelimumab for Second-Line and Third-Line Treatment of Unresectable Pleural or Peritoneal Mesothelioma
Authors: A. Scherpereel, R. Cornelissen, A. Di Pietro, H.L. Kindler, K. Nackaerts, S.J. Antonia, L. Calabrò, D. Fu, P.B. Robbins, R. Ibrahim, M. Maio
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Predicting risk of estrogen receptor positive breast cancers in postmenopausal women
Authors: R. T. Chlebowski, G. L. Anderson, D. S. Lane, A. Aragaki, T. Rohan, S. Yasmeen, G. Sato, C. A. Rosenberg, F. A. Hubbell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

1507 Background: Chemoprevention strategies for estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancers are emerging, especially for postmenopausal women, but require methods of targeting appropriate populations. Our objective was to improve the Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Tool [Gail Model (GM)] for estimating ER+ breast cancer risk. Methods: A prospective cohort involving 161,809 postmenopausal women aged 50–79 years, (93,676 in the observational study (OS) and 68,132 in clinical trials (CT)) at Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) Clinical Centers had comprehensive assessment of lifestyle, medication use and breast cancer risk factors. Breast cancer risk from the GM and other models incorporating additional or fewer risk factors and five year incidence of ER + and ER negative (ER-) invasive breast cancers were determined. Main outcome measures were concordance statistics for models predicting breast cancer risk. Results: Of 148,266 women meeting eligibility criteria, (no prior breast cancer and/or mastectomy), 3,236 developed breast cancer. Chronological age and age at menopause, both GM components, were significantly associated with only ER+ but not ER- breast cancer risk (p&lt;0.05 for heterogeneity test). The GM predicted population-based ER+ cancer risk with reasonable accuracy (concordance statistic 0.60, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.58 to 0.62) but for ER- cancers, the results were equivalent to chance allocation (concordance statistic 0.49, 95% CI 0.45 to 0.54). For ER+ cancers, no additional risk factors improved the GM prediction. However, a simpler model, developed in the OS and tested in the CT population, including only age, family history, and benign breast biopsy was comparable to GM in ER+ breast cancer prediction (concordance statistics 0.58, 95% CI 0.56 to 0.60). Using this model, all women ≥ 55 years old (or ≥ 60 year old if African American) with either a prior breast biopsy or first degree breast cancer family history had five year breast cancer risk of ≥ 1.8%. Conclusions: In postmenopausal women with comprehensive mammography use, the GM identifies populations at increased risk for ER+ breast cancer but not for ER- cancer. A model with fewer variables provides a simpler alternative for identifying populations appropriate for breast cancer chemoprevention interventions. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
miR-181a negatively regulates NF-κB signaling and affects activated B-cell–like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma pathogenesis
Authors: Goldi A. Kozloski, Xiaoyu Jiang, Shruti Bhatt, Jose Ruiz, Francisco Vega, Rita Shaknovich, Ari Melnick, Izidore S. Lossos
Journal: Blood (2016)
MultiDimensional ClinOmics for Precision Therapy of Children and Adolescent Young Adults with Relapsed and Refractory Cancer: A Report from the Center for Cancer Research
Authors: Wendy Chang, Andrew S. Brohl, Rajesh Patidar, Sivasish Sindiri, Jack F. Shern, Jun S. Wei, Young K. Song, Marielle E. Yohe, Berkley Gryder, Shile Zhang, Kathleen A. Calzone, Nityashree Shivaprasad, Xinyu Wen, Thomas C. Badgett, Markku Miettinen, Kip R. Hartman, James C. League-Pascual, Toby N. Trahair, Brigitte C. Widemann, Melinda S. Merchant, Rosandra N. Kaplan, Jimmy C. Lin, Javed Khan
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Purpose: We undertook a multidimensional clinical genomics study of children and adolescent young adults with relapsed and refractory cancers to determine the feasibility of genome-guided precision therapy. Experimental Design: Patients with non-central nervous system solid tumors underwent a combination of whole exome sequencing (WES), whole transcriptome sequencing (WTS), and high-density single-nucleotide polymorphism array analysis of the tumor, with WES of matched germline DNA. Clinically actionable alterations were identified as a reportable germline mutation, a diagnosis change, or a somatic event (including a single nucleotide variant, an indel, an amplification, a deletion, or a fusion gene), which could be targeted with drugs in existing clinical trials or with FDA-approved drugs. Results: Fifty-nine patients in 20 diagnostic categories were enrolled from 2010 to 2014. Ages ranged from 7 months to 25 years old. Seventy-three percent of the patients had prior chemotherapy, and the tumors from these patients with relapsed or refractory cancers had a higher mutational burden than that reported in the literature. Thirty patients (51% of total) had clinically actionable mutations, of which 24 (41%) had a mutation that was currently targetable in a clinical trial setting, 4 patients (7%) had a change in diagnosis, and 7 patients (12%) had a reportable germline mutation. Conclusions: We found a remarkably high number of clinically actionable mutations in 51% of the patients, and 12% with significant germline mutations. We demonstrated the clinical feasibility of next-generation sequencing in a diverse population of relapsed and refractory pediatric solid tumors. Clin Cancer Res; 22(15); 3810–20. ©2016 AACR.
Reversible increase in serum alpha-fetoprotein content associated with hepatic dysfunction during chemotherapy for seminoma.
Authors: J L Grem, D L Trump
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1986)

Serial monitoring of the serum content of the beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (beta hCG) and alpha-fetoprotein (alpha FP) is useful in the initial staging of germ cell tumors and assessing the response to treatment. An increase in either marker during or following treatment almost always heralds disease progression and indicates the need for additional therapy. We report two patients in whom substantial increases in the serum content of AFP occurred during chemotherapy for advanced seminoma. Hepatic dysfunction was present in both patients; in one patient, a chronic carrier of hepatitis B virus, the liver dysfunction was associated with reactivation of hepatitis B manifested by anicteric hepatitis and hepatitis B e antigen positivity. Marked tumor regression had occurred in both patients, and chemotherapy was discontinued in spite of the elevated alpha FP level. The alpha FP content in the serum gradually returned to normal, and hepatic dysfunction resolved. Both patients remain free of disease 15 and 17 months following the last chemotherapy treatment. These cases illustrate that hepatic dysfunction and alpha FP production may occur during chemotherapy and that increases in serum alpha FP content must be interpreted with caution since the elevated alpha FP level does not always indicate progression of germ cell tumors.
Scotland's progress in putting policy about physical activity into practice
Authors: Andrew Murray, Catherine Calderwood, Niamh O'Connor, Nanette Mutrie
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2016)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b>: To assess alternatives to measuring ambulatory pressure, whichbest predicts response to treatment and adverse outcome. <b>Setting</b>: Three general practices in England <b>Design</b>: Validation study <b>Participants</b>: Patients with newly diagnosed high or borderline high bloodpressure; patients receiving treatment for hypertension but with poor control. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: Overall agreement with ambulatory pressure; prediction of high ambulatory pressure (&gt;135/85 mm Hg) and treatment thresholds. <b>Results</b>: Readings made by doctors were much higher than ambulatory systolic pressure (difference 18.9 mm Hg, 95% confidence interval 16.1 to 21.7), as were recentreadings made in the clinic outside research settings (19.9 mm Hg,17.6 to 22.1). This applied equally to treated patients with poor control (doctor <i>v</i> ambulatory21.4 mm Hg, 17.3 to 25.4). Doctors9 and recent clinic readings ranked systolic pressure poorly compared with ambulatory pressure and other measurements (doctor <i>r</i>=0.46; clinic 0.47; repeated readings by nurse 0.60; repeated self measurement 0.73; home readings 0.75) and were not specific at predicting high blood pressure(doctor 26%; recent clinic 15%; nurse 72%; patient in surgery 81%; home 60%), with poor likelihood ratios for a positive test (doctor 1.2; clinic 1.1; nurse 2.1, patient in surgery 4.7; home 2.2). Nor were doctor or recent clinic measures specific in predicting treatment thresholds. <b>Conclusion</b>: The “white coat” effect is important in diagnosing and assessing control of hypertension in primary care and is not a research artefact. If ambulatory or home measurements are not available, repeated measurements by the nurse or patient should result in considerably less unnecessary monitoring, initiation, or changing of treatment. It is time to stop using high blood pressure readings documented by general practitioners to make treatment decisions