tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A pilot international survey of oncologists’ opinions and self-reported practice patterns on complementary and alternative medicine
Authors: R. T. Lee, F. J. Hlubocky, J. J. Hu, R. Stafford, C. K. Daugherty
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

19526 Background: Prior research has indicated that the prevalence of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use among cancer patients often exceeds 80%. Information about the prevalence of CAM use is important because many biologically-based therapies or alternative medical systems can potentially interfere with chemotherapy efficacy and increase the risk for treatment related toxicity and other complications. Methods: In 2004–2005, oncologists from the United States, mainland China, and Taiwan were surveyed regarding their perceptions and self-reported practice patterns regarding CAM. Results: A total 95 oncologists returned surveys providing a 38.2% response rate. Four out of five respondents (78%) felt unprepared to integrate CAM modalities into their practice. However, 71% reported they would allow CAM use during active cancer treatment, even in the setting of curable disease. Surveyed Chinese/Taiwanese oncologists were more likely than their US colleagues to inquire about their patients use of CAM (ask &gt;10% of patients) - 80.6% vs. 52.4% (p&lt;0.05). The same was true for individuals who felt their previous training had prepared them for CAM use, as compared to those who felt unprepared (80.9% vs. 57.0% (p&lt;0.01). Chinese/Taiwanese respondents felt no more prepared for CAM use than US respondents (25.8.1% vs. 20.6%, p=0.57), were less likely to report integrating CAM with curable disease (48.3% vs. 69.8%, p&lt;0.05), and were more likely to report concern about patients’ motivations for CAM use (83.9% vs. 46.8%, p&lt;0.01). Conclusions: Despite a stated lack of preparedness, the majority of surveyed oncologists would allow cancer patients with curable disease to integrate CAM therapies. Although routinely exposed to CAM modalities, such as traditional Chinese medicine, responding Chinese/Taiwanese oncologists felt just as unprepared as their US colleagues. In addition, increased concern about patients’ motivations was associated with decreased integration of CAM. Continued education is needed to improve oncologists’ knowledge about patients’ use of CAM. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Cytomegalovirus viral load and mortality after haemopoietic stem cell transplantation in the era of pre-emptive therapy: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Margaret L Green, Wendy Leisenring, Hu Xie, T Christopher Mast, Yadong Cui, Brenda M Sandmaier, Mohamed L Sorror, Sonia Goyal, Sezen Özkök, Jessica Yi, Farah Sahoo, Louise E Kimball, Keith R Jerome, Morgan A Marks, Michael Boeckh
Journal: The Lancet Haematology (2016)
Communication about physical activity in an underserved patient population
Authors: J. Carroll, R. Epstein, K. Fiscella, P. Jean-Pierre, C. Figueroa-Moseley, G. Morrow
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

17012 Background: Promoting physical activity may help reduce the incidence of several cancers. The 5A model, used to promote other patient behavior changes in clinical practice, may be applicable to physical activity. Our goal was to determine clinicians’ use of the 5A (Ask, Advise, Agree, Assist, Arrange) guidelines when communicating about physical activity and cancer risk with an underserved patient population. Methods: Analysis of 50 audiotaped transcribed office visits with adult patients and their clinicians in two community health centers in Rochester, NY. We conducted post-visit interviews to assess patient recall of communication about physical activity.We used descriptive statistics to assess patient demographics and the frequency of each of the 5As occurring in the audiotaped visits. Analysis of the transcripts of the visits explored other contextual factors related to use of the 5As for communication about physical activity and cancer risk. Results: Patients were predominantly female (70%) and were African American (50%), Caucasian (35%) and other/mixed ethnicity (15%). In the 50 office visits, there were twelve (24%) Ask, twelve (24%) Advise, three (6%) Agree, two (4%) Assist, and one (2%) Arrange statement. Physical activity communication was mostly (92%) clinician-initiated; the only discussion which included all 5As was patient-initiated. No discussion linked physical activity to cancer risk or cancer prevention. Patients recalling the most communication about physical activity with their clinician reported that it was contextualized to their specific health needs, included support and encouragement, and consisted of clear, simple advice. Conclusions: Communication about physical activity incorporating the Agree and Arrange steps of the 5As was infrequent. Cancer prevention interventions should target these steps and prompt the patient to initiate communication to improve physical activity in underserved populations. This project was supported by a grant from the National Cancer Institute, R25- CA102618. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Interim safety analysis of the randomized phase III PELICAN trial evaluating pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) versus capecitabine as first-line therapy for metastatic breast cancer
Authors: S. Al-Batran, S. Saupe, M. Schmidt, R. Kreienberg, B. Otremba, M. Warm, W. Lerbs, M. Untch, N. Harbeck
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

1118 Background: Treatment of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) focuses on relieving symptoms and extending life. Single-agent therapy is preferred in the first-line setting to reduce the risk of toxicity and maintain quality of life. The PELICAN trial was designed to evaluate efficacy and safety of first-line PLD vs capecitabine at standard approved dosages. Methods: PELICAN is an open-label, multinational, randomized, multicenter trial. MBC Patients (pts) were randomized to receive PLD (50 mg/m2 every 28 days) or capecitabine (1250 mg/m2 BID x 14 days every 21 days) until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary endpoint was to compare time to disease progression between treatment arms. Toxicity was evaluated continuously. Results: The study is still ongoing, but no longer recruiting. So far, 210 pts (PLD, 105; capecitabine, 105) were evaluated for safety, of whom 131 pts have already completed their treatment (83 for disease progression, 19 for toxicity, 5 died, 24 for other reasons). 90% of pts had ECOG performance status 1 or 2, and 79% were postmenopausal. Mean age was 61.5 years, and 34% received prior adjuvant anthracycline. Pts received a median of 4 cycles of PLD and a median of 5 cycles of capecitabine. Over 90% of pts in both groups experienced at least one adverse event (AE). Grade 3/4 AEs were reported in 99 patients (PLD, 44; capecitabine, 55). Hand foot syndrome (HFS) was the most common AE (grade 3: PLD 35%; capecitabine 19%), followed by diarrhea (grade 3/4: PLD, 0; capecitabine, 13%) and thromboembolic events (PLD, 0%; capecitabine, 9%). Other grade 3/4 AEs affected 1 week in 16%. Conclusions: Overall, first-line monotherapy with PLD or capecitabine at approved doses was maintainable for a median of about 4 months with manageable AEs. Interim safety results of the PELICAN trial show no unanticipated toxicity. Efficacy results will be available once all patients have completed their therapy. [Table: see text]
CBFB-MYH11 hypomethylation signature and PBX3 differential methylation revealed by targeted bisulfite sequencing in patients with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Hana Hájková, Markus Hsi-Yang Fritz, Cedrik Haškovec, Jiří Schwarz, Cyril Šálek, Jana Marková, Zdeněk Krejčík, Michaela Dostálová Merkerová, Arnošt Kostečka, Martin Vostrý, Ota Fuchs, Kyra Michalová, Petr Cetkovský, Vladimír Beneš
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2014)

Studying DNA methylation changes in the context of structural rearrangements and point mutations as well as gene expression changes enables the identification of genes that are important for disease onset and progression in different subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. The aim of this study was to identify differentially methylated genes with potential impact on AML pathogenesis based on the correlation of methylation and expression data. The primary method of studying DNA methylation changes was targeted bisulfite sequencing capturing approximately 84 megabases (Mb) of the genome in 14 diagnostic AML patients and a healthy donors' CD34+ pool. Subsequently, selected DNA methylation changes were confirmed by 454 bisulfite pyrosequencing in a larger cohort of samples. Furthermore, we addressed gene expression by microarray profiling and correlated methylation of regions adjacent to transcription start sites with expression of corresponding genes. Here, we report a novel hypomethylation pattern, specific to CBFB-MYH11 fusion resulting from inv(16) rearrangement that is associated with genes previously described as upregulated in inv(16) AML. We assume that this hypomethylation and corresponding overexpresion occurs in the genes whose function is important in inv(16) leukemogenesis. Further, by comparing all targeted methylation and microarray expression data, PBX3 differential methylation was found to correlate with its gene expression. PBX3 has been recently shown to be a key interaction partner of HOX genes during leukemogenesis and we revealed higher incidence of relapses in PBX3-overexpressing patients. We discovered new genomic regions with aberrant DNA methylation that are associated with expression of genes involved in leukemogenesis. Our results demonstrate the potential of the targeted approach for DNA methylation studies to reveal new regulatory regions.
Evaluation of comparative survival based on the AJCC 5th and 6th editions for breast cancer staging: 25 year experience in two southwest Washington state community cancer programs
Authors: E. Kim, P. Sanghvi, C. Marquez, C. R. Kim, C. R. Thomas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

6118 Background: The revised American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) sixth edition (6th ed.) cancer staging system increased stratification within breast cancer (BC) stages II and III defined by the AJCC 5th ed. system. The specific aim of this study was to determine and compare disease-free survival (DFS) for stage 0-III breast carcinoma between the 5th and 6th editions using retrospective data gathered from 1980–2004 in southwest Washington state (WA). Methods: 4,810 patients (pts) were identified using cancer registries at Saint John Medical Center in Longview, WA and Southwest Washington Medical Center in Vancouver, WA. Patients were restaged retrospectively using the 5th and 6th ed. systems. DFS was determined using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. Results: The age at diagnosis ranged 20–99 yrs, with a mean age = 60. The mean length for disease-free follow-up was 224 mos. Stage 0 and stage 1 criteria were unchanged between editions, and 10-yr DFS was 94% and 87% for stage 0 and stage 1, respectively. In stage II pts, 13% (199/1,519) were upstaged to stage III by the 6th ed. criteria, significantly improving the 10-yr DFS for stage II from 66% (5th ed.) to 72% (6th ed; p = 0.003). The majority, 85% (167/199), of pts upstaged were from the 539 classified as stage IIb disease by the 5th ed. This accompanied an increase in the 10-year DFS for stage IIb from 54% (fifth) to 62% (sixth; p = 0.046). The number of pts with stage III disease increased from 313 to 588 in the 6th ed. 10-year DFS increased from 30% to 36% (p = 0.025), respectively. Most of this increase resulted from changes within stage IIIa, as DFS increased from 32% to 41% (p = 0.046). When compared, DFS outcomes between stage IIIb and IIIc were not found to be statistically significant (p = 0.501). Conclusions: The AJCC 6th ed. system for BC provides greater distinctions between stages compared to the 5th ed., and reclassification results in significant changes in projected outcomes. However, the addition of the IIIc substage does not seem to show the same significant distinction when compared to the existing stage IIIb substage in outcomes. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
P228 Impact of social media on adult CF centres across the UK
Authors: G Fitch, C Etherington, P Whitaker, D Peckham
Journal: Thorax (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> People with chronic health conditions use social media to share experiences and seek advice from peers. Similarly healthcare organisations are using these tools to engage and communicate with patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the opinions of health care professionals on the use, motives and impact of social media used by patients and staff in UK CF centres. <h3>Methods</h3> Members of the Leeds adult CF MDT developed an online survey with 18 core questions relating to social media. The survey was sent to the clinical lead of each CF centre in the UK. The lead was asked to complete the survey and to pass it on to key members of their team to complete. Mixed methods were used with categorical, Likert and free text options. <h3>Results</h3> 66 respondents from 9 professional groups and 19 centres across the UK completed the questionnaire. 16/44 professionals had never used social media and 35/60 reported that their centre had no social media presence. There was belief that social media was having a negative impact on certain aspects of care including spreading inappropriate gossip and in some cases bullying. Only 30.2% of respondents felt social media had a positive impact at their centre in contrast to 73.3% of responders who felt social media had been used in a negative way. Verbal communication, directing individuals to use departmental social media channels and communication of acceptable behaviour to all patients via a website or newsletter were methods shared to deter negative content. Despite their negative experiences many felt social media had the potential to be a positive experience in areas such as communication with patients, education, adherence, peer support, amongst others. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Negative experiences involving social media use by patients predominate. Different methods to tackle these problems have been adopted. Sharing our experiences and being alert to such problems should help minimise distress in the future. Many potential areas of positive use exist and should be exploited.
Lenalidomide Plus Metronomic Cyclophosphamide for Heavely Pretreated Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma. a Phase Ii Trial
Authors: A. Rueda, R. Garcia-Sanz, M. Pastor Borgoñón, A. Salar, J. Labrador, C. Quero, M. Casanova, M. Provencio
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Multiplexed tissue biomarker imaging
Authors: Edward C. Stack, Periklis G. Foukas, Peter P. Lee
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2016)

Multiplexed Tissue Biomarker Imaging The detection of structural and functional proteins in cells within the tumor microenvironment in tissue samples is achieved by immunolabeling with specific antibodies. These target proteins are visualized with the subsequent application of either an enzymatic
Helminths are positively associated with atopy and wheeze in Ugandan fishing communities: results from a cross‐sectional survey
Authors: E. L. Webb, M. Nampijja, J. Kaweesa, R. Kizindo, M. Namutebi, E. Nakazibwe, G. Oduru, P. Kabubi, J. Kabagenyi, G. Nkurunungi, D. Kizito, L. Muhangi, M. Akello, J. J. Verweij, B. Nerima, E. Tukahebwa, A. M. Elliott
Journal: Allergy (2016)

Parasitic helminths are potent immunomodulators and chronic infections may protect against allergy-related disease and atopy. We conducted a cross-sectional survey to test the hypothesis that in heavily helminth-exposed fishing villages on Lake Victoria, Uganda, helminth infections would be inversely associated with allergy-related conditions.A household survey was conducted as baseline to an anthelminthic intervention trial. Outcomes were reported wheeze in last year, atopy assessed both by skin prick test (SPT) and by the measurement of allergen-specific IgE to dust mites and cockroach in plasma. Helminth infections were ascertained by stool, urine and haemoparasitology. Associations were examined using multivariable regression.Two thousand three hundred and sixteen individuals were surveyed. Prevalence of reported wheeze was 2% in under-fives and 5% in participants ≥5 years; 19% had a positive SPT; median Dermatophagoides-specific IgE and cockroach-specific IgE were 1440 and 220 ng/ml, respectively. S. mansoni, N. americanus, S. stercoralis, T. trichiura, M. perstans and A. lumbricoides prevalence was estimated as 51%, 22%, 12%, 10%, 2% and 1%, respectively. S. mansoni was positively associated with Dermatophagoides-specific IgE [adjusted geometric mean ratio (aGMR) (95% confidence interval) 1.64 (1.23, 2.18)]; T. trichiura with SPT [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.08 (1.38, 3.15)]; M. perstans with cockroach-specific IgE [aGMR 2.37 (1.39, 4.06)], A. lumbricoides with wheeze in participants ≥5 years [aOR 6.36 (1.10, 36.63)] and with Dermatophagoides-specific IgE [aGMR 2.34 (1.11, 4.95)]. No inverse associations were observed.Contrary to our hypothesis, we found little evidence of an inverse relationship between helminths and allergy-related outcomes, but strong evidence that individuals with certain helminths were more prone to atopy in this setting.
Interleukin-9 enhances interleukin-5 receptor expression, differentiation, and survival of human eosinophils
Authors: Abdelilah Soussi Gounni, Bernard Gregory, Esra Nutku, Fadi Aris, Koussih Latifa, Eleanor Minshall, Janet North, Jan Tavernier, Roy Levit, Nick Nicolaides, Douglas Robinson, Qutayba Hamid
Journal: Blood (2000)
Depressed Natural Killer and Lectin-Induced Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity in Cholesterol-Fed Guinea Pigs<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref><xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3">3</xref>
Authors: A K Duwe, M Fitch, R Ostwald
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)

Dunkin-Hartley and Hartley guinea pigs were fed a diet containing 1% cholesterol (C+) or a control diet (C−). The C+-fed guinea pigs showed a decrease in antitumor effector cell levels as measured by an in vitro 18-hour51Cr release assay. Natural killer (NK) activity fell rapidly after initiation of cholesterol feeding, decreasing to 25.6% of control levels by 2 weeks. While the interferon inducer polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid increased NK activity as much as 3.6-fold in controls, the NK levels in C+-fed animals were not increased. NK activity was lower in both spleen and peripheral blood of C+-fed animals and against K562, MOLT-3, HL-60, and Raji target cells. Lectin-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity was increased in the C+-fed group over the first 1–2 weeks on the diet, but it dropped to low levels by 6 weeks. Lipoprotein preparations from plasmas of both C+- and C−fed animals inhibited NK cell activity, but suppression was not due to lipoprotein cholesterol content. On the basis of lipoprotein protein, lipoproteins from C−fed animals were more suppressive. The results suggest that the decrease in cytotoxicity induced by dietary cholesterol is due to more than the high levels of plasma and lipoprotein cholesterol.
Outcomes of autologous bone marrow transplantation in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients who failed peripheral blood stem cell mobilization
Authors: C. B. Sola, L. Silva, R. Saliba, M. De Lima, S. Giralt, M. Qazilbash, R. Champlin, I. Khouri, U. Popat, C. Hosing
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

7040 Background: Patients (pts) with relapsed/refractory non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) who fail to mobilize adequate peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) often undergo bone marrow (BM) harvest for autologous transplantation. The outcome of these pts is not known. Methods: In this retrospective study (May 1996-September 2006), we identified 36 out of a total of 750 pts with advanced NHL, who failed to collect adequate PBSC and subsequently underwent BM harvest followed by ABMT. Decision to harvest BM was left to the treating clinician. Median age at transplant was 53 years (range 15–73). Twenty of 36 pts (55%) were male. Histology was intermediate grade in 31 (86%) patients and low grade in 5 (14%). Twelve pts (35%) had history of BM involvement with lymphoma. Median number of chemotherapy cycles received prior to mobilization was 3 (range 1–6). At the time of stem cell mobilization 18 (50%) were in complete remission (CR), 13 (37%) were in partial remission (PR) and 5 (13%) had progressive disease (PD). Twenty four (67%) pts underwent chemo-mobilization and 12 (33%) were mobilized with cytokines alone. Results: The median total nucleated cell dose and CD34+ cell dose harvested/kg were 3.72 x 10 8 (range 0.25–58.0) and 1.6 x 10 6 (range 0.03–5.8), respectively. After ABMT, 33 of 35 evaluable (94%) pts engrafted neutrophils with median time to ANC 0.5 x 10 9 /L of 23 days (range 8–47). Median time to platelet count 20 x 10 9 /L was 63 days (range 11–375). Two of 35 (6 %) evaluable pts failed to engraft. After ABMT, 25/36 (70%) pts achieved a CR. The incidence of NRM at 100 days was 15%. Sixteen (45%) pts relapsed at a median of 11 months (range 2–59) from ABMT. After a median follow-up of 34 months (range 0.4–100), the 3-year OS and DFS were 47% and 35%, respectively. Causes of death were: disease progression/relapse in 15 (60%), secondary malignancy in 3 (12%), multiorgan failure in 5 (20%), and unknown in 2 (8%). Conclusions: ABMT is feasible in pts who fail to mobilize adequate PBSC, however, these pts have longer time to engraftment. Although the CR rate after transplant is high, the NRM is higher than expected. Non-myeloablative allogeneic transplantation may provide better outcomes with similar toxicity and needs to be further studied. No significant financial relationships to disclose.