tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
OP52THE ROLE OF DOCK4 IN CANCER CELL INVASION AND ANGIOGENESIS IN BREAST CANCER BRAIN METASTASES
Authors: Gary Grant, Renu Gahlaut, Sabu Abraham, Margherita Scarcia, Kathryn McMahon, Michael Grant, Rick Bagshaw, Christopher Marshall, Valerie Speirs, Susan Short, Mihaela Gorger, Georgia Mavria
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

INTRODUCTION: Development of brain metastatic lesions requires activation of signaling pathways for cancer cell invasion. Metastatic disease is intrinsically linked to endothelial cell activation for brain colonization and angiogenic growth for disease progression. DOCK180 family of Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) are implicated in invasion, and recent studies show they control blood vessel development. The study aims to elucidate the role of the Rac GEF DOCK4 in breast cancer brain metastases. METHOD: i) Patient samples were analysed for DOCK4 expression levels which were related to histological parameters in primary tumours, and expression levels in brain metastases, ii) the role of DOCK4 in the brain vasculature was studied in heterozygous Dock4 null mice and mouse model of breast cancer brain metastasis, iii) the DOCK4 signalling pathway was delineated using biochemical assays and proteomics approaches. RESULTS: i) Significant correlation was observed between DOCK4 expression and histological grade in primary breast tumours, independent of ER and LN status. There was a trend towards reduced survival in cases with moderate/ strong DOCK4 expression. Moderate/ strong DOCK4 expression was observed in brain metastases specimens. ii) There was significant decrease in brain blood vessel lumen size in Dock4 + /- mice and number of blood vessels with dilated lumens in EO771 intracranial tumours in Dock4 + /- mice. iii) DOCK4 interacts with the Cdc42 GEF DOCK9 and RhoG effector ELMO to control filopodia formation and blood vessel lumen morphogenesis. CONCLUSION: DOCK4 and interaction partners are potential targets and biomarkers in brain metastases through regulation of cancer cell invasion and angiogenesis.
Suicide in the psychiatric hospital
Authors: D A Schwartz, D E Flinn, P F Slawson
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1975)

The authors note that although the psychiatric hospitals is often used as a means of preventing the suicide of disturbed patients, some hospitalized patients succeed in committing suicide; such as an event is distressing for hospital staffs as well as for patients and families. However, the authors believe that the occasional occurrence of in-hospital suicide is inevitable. They present data on the frequency and characteristics of suicides among hospitalized psychiatric patients in Los Angeles County during the period from 1967 to 1972.?23AUTHOR
Posttransplant erythrocytosis
Authors: M A Perazella, M J Bia
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1993)

A case of posttransplant erythrocytosis in a 51-year-old diabetic man is described. This problem, which can occur in 5 to 15% of renal transplant patients, can result from a contracted plasma volume (diuretics, pressure natriuresis, or glycosuria) or from a true elevation in red blood cell mass. Once the diagnosis of true erythrocytosis is made by a radiolabeled red blood cell mass study, secondary causes such as hypoxia, liver disease, polycythemia rubra vera, renal artery stenosis, and cystic kidney disease should be excluded. Posttransplant erythrocytosis has only been observed in renal transplant recipients and appears to be more frequent with cyclosporine compared with azathioprine therapy. An inappropriately high level of erythropoietin has been described in some, but not all patients, suggesting stimulation of erythropoietin production as the mechanism. Posttransplant erythrocytosis can be associated with an increased incidence of thrombotic events. The presence of this potential complication has prompted intervention to maintain the hematocrit below 50 to 55%. Measures such as discontinuation of diuretics as well as better control of blood pressure and plasma glucose should be used to facilitate the correction of extracellular volume contraction. Phlebotomy has been the most accepted intervention to intermittently lower the hematocrit when needed, but this can lead to iron deficiency. Newer therapeutic modalities are now being used to treat the problem medically. Theophylline, which reduces adenosine-mediated erythropoietin synthesis, is effective but may be associated with side effects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Pathologic stages IA and IIA Hodgkin's disease: results of treatment with radiotherapy alone, 1968-1980.
Authors: S Hellman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1985)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1985.3.6.749 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 4009214 Pathologic stages IA and IIA Hodgkin's disease: results of treatment with radiotherapy alone, 1968-1980. S HellmanxS HellmanSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1985.3.6.749 PDF "Pathologic stages IA and IIA Hodgkin's disease: results of treatment with radiotherapy alone, 1968-1980.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 3(6), pp. 749–750© 1985 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Epidemiology of Clinical Oral Food Challenges (OFC) at Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital (TCH) Food Allergy Program: A Retrospective Chart Review
Authors: Kwei Akuete, Danielle Guffey, Charles G. Minard, Maria G. Buheis, Kristin H. Dillard, I. Celine Hanson, Lenora M. Noroski, Filiz O. Seeborg, Carla M. Davis
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
A Closed Chondromimetic Environment within Magnetic‐Responsive Liquified Capsules Encapsulating Stem Cells and Collagen II/TGF‐β3 Microparticles
Authors: Clara R. Correia, Sara Gil, Rui L. Reis, João F. Mano
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2016)

TGF‐β3 is enzymatically immobilized by transglutaminase‐2 action to poly( l ‐lactic acid) microparticles coated with collagen II. Microparticles are then encapsulated with stem cells inside liquified spherical compartments enfolded with a permselective shell through layer‐by‐layer adsorption. Magnetic nanoparticles are electrostatically bound to the multilayered shell, conferring magnetic‐response ability. The goal of this study is to engineer a closed environment inside which encapsulated stem cells would undergo a self‐regulated chondrogenesis. To test this hypothesis, capsules are cultured in chondrogenic differentiation medium without TGF‐β3. Their biological outcome is compared with capsules encapsulating microparticles without TGF‐β3 immobilization and cultured in normal chondrogenic differentiation medium containing soluble TGF‐β3. Glycosaminoglycans quantification demosntrates that similar chondrogenesis levels are achieved. Moreover, collagen fibrils resembling the native extracellular matrix of cartilage can be observed. Importantly, the genetic evaluation of characteristic cartilage markers confirms the successful chondrogenesis, while hypertrophic markers are downregulated. In summary, the engineered capsules are able to provide a suitable and stable chondrogenesis environment for stem cells without the need of TGF‐β3 supplementation. This kind of self‐regulated capsules with softness, robustness, and magnetic responsive characteristics is expected to provide injectability and in situ fixation, which is of great advantage for minimal invasive strategies to regenerate cartilage.
Auditing the <i>British Medical Journal</i>
Authors: K S Channer
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1994)

The purpose of this study was to audit the outcome in terms of change in practice of the published research from one volume of the British Medical Journal. All original papers and short reports from one Volume 296 of the British Medical Journal (BMJ) 1988 were read and classified into theoretical only, practical and theoretical and practical. Those papers with any practical message were reviewed by one of a panel of specialists in the subject of the paper to assess if the recommendation made by the paper had become common clinical practice. The results show that most papers originated from teaching centres and research institutes in the UK. Only 8% of main papers and 6% of short reports had a solely practical application, although a further 18% and 22% had practical elements. The majority of the recommendations aimed at changing practice were of relevance to hospital specialists rather than general practitioners (GPs). Of the papers with any practical implications 48% (12% of the total) of main papers and 41% (11% of the total) of short reports were considered to be current practice. The reasons why the papers failed to change practice are discussed. In conclusion, the majority of the original research papers published in the BMJ in 1988 were of a theoretical nature and only about 20% of papers made recommendations for a change in practice. About 50% of the recommendations are now current practice.
Phase II Trial of Temsirolimus for Relapsed/Refractory Primary CNS Lymphoma
Authors: Agnieszka Korfel, Uwe Schlegel, Ulrich Herrlinger, Martin Dreyling, Christian Schmidt, Luisa von Baumgarten, Antonio Pezzutto, Thomas Grobosch, Sied Kebir, Eckhard Thiel, Peter Martus, Philipp Kiewe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

Purpose In this phase II study (NCT00942747), temsirolimus was tested in patients with relapsed or refractory primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL). Patients and Methods Immunocompetent adults with histologically confirmed PCNSL after experiencing high-dose methotrexate-based chemotherapy failure who were not eligible for or had experienced high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem-cell transplant failure were included. The first cohort (n = 6) received 25 mg temsirolimus intravenously once per week. All consecutive patients received 75 mg intravenously once per week. Results Thirty-seven eligible patients (median age, 70 years) were included whose median time since their last treatment was 3.9 months (range, 0.1 to 14.6 months). Complete response was seen in five patients (13.5%), complete response unconfirmed in three (8%), and partial response in 12 (32.4%) for an overall response rate of 54%. Median progression-free survival was 2.1 months (95% CI, 1.1 to 3.0 months). The most frequent Common Toxicity Criteria ≥ 3° adverse event was hyperglycemia in 11 (29.7%) patients, thrombocytopenia in eight (21.6%), infection in seven (19%), anemia in four (10.8%), and rash in three (8.1%). Fourteen blood/CSF pairs were collected in nine patients (10 pairs in five patients in the 25-mg cohort and four pairs in four patients in the 75-mg cohort). The mean maximum blood concentration was 292 ng/mL for temsirolimus and 37.2 ng/mL for its metabolite sirolimus in the 25-mg cohort and 484 ng/mL and 91.1 ng/mL, respectively, in the 75-mg cohort. Temsirolimus CSF concentration was 2 ng/mL in one patient in the 75-mg cohort; in all others, no drug was found in their CSF. Conclusion Single-agent temsirolimus at a weekly dose of 75 mg was found to be active in relapsed/refractory patients with PCNSL; however, responses were usually short lived.
Regulatory Networks Governed by MicroRNAs in T-ALL Oncogenesis and Normal T-Cell Development
Authors: Joni Van der Meulen, Evelien Mets, Pieter Mestdagh, Peter Pipelers, Tom Taghon, David Camacho Trujillo, David Avran, Gert Van Peer, Nadine Van Roy, Olivier Thas, Yves Benoit, Jo Vandesompele, Bruce Poppe, Pieter Van Vlierberghe, Pieter Rondou, Jean Soulier, Frank Speleman
Journal: Blood (2011)
A Study of Tobacco Carcinogenesis. XIV. ERects of N '-Nitrosonornicotine and N '-Nitrosonanabasine in Rats 2
Authors: Dietrich Hoffmann, Ronald Raineri, Stephen S. Hecht, Robert Maronpot, Ernst L. Wynder
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

N'-Nitrosonornicotine (NNN) and N'-nitrosoanabasine (NAB) were synthesized and administered in drinking water to male Fischer rats for 30 weeks (total dose, 630 mg). 1,4-Dinitrosopiperazine (DNPI) served as the positive control. By 11 months, all surviving rats given NNN developed esophageal tumors (12/20); 1 had a pharyngeal tumor and 3 had invasive carcinomas originating in the nasal cavity. During the same time, only 1 of 20 rats given NAB developed esophageal tumors. Compared to the strong esophageal carcinogen DNPI, NNN was a moderately active and NAB a weak carcinogen. NNN (0.3-90 parts per million) in chewing tobacco was related to the observation that cancer of the oral cavity and esophagus in man was correlated with the chewing of tobacco.
Late Relapses in Stage I Testicular Cancer Patients on Surveillance
Authors: Mette Saksø Mortensen, Jakob Lauritsen, Maria Gry Gundgaard Kier, Mikkel Bandak, Ane Lindegaard Appelt, Mads Agerbæk, Niels Vilstrup Holm, Mette Moe Kempel, Hans von der Maase, Gedske Daugaard
Journal: European Urology (2016)
Cancer Cell Internalization of Gold Nanostars Impacts Their Photothermal Efficiency In Vitro and In Vivo: Toward a Plasmonic Thermal Fingerprint in Tumoral Environment
Authors: Ana Espinosa, Amanda K. A. Silva, Ana Sánchez‐Iglesias, Marek Grzelczak, Christine Péchoux, Karine Desboeufs, Luis M. Liz‐Marzán, Claire Wilhelm
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2016)

Gold nanoparticles are prime candidates for cancer thermotherapy. However, while the ultimate target for nanoparticle‐mediated photothermal therapy is the cancer cell, heating performance has not previously been evaluated in the tumoral environment. A systematic investigation of gold nanostar heat‐generating efficiency in situ is presented: not only in cancer cells in vitro but also after intratumoral injection in vivo. It is demonstrated that (i) in aqueous dispersion, heat generation is governed by particle size and exciting laser wavelength; (ii) in cancer cells in vitro, heat generation is still very efficient, but irrespective of both particle size and laser wavelength; and (iii) heat generation by nanostars injected into tumors in vivo evolves with time, as the nanostars are trafficked from the extracellular matrix into endosomes. The plasmonic heating response thus serves as a signature of nanoparticle internalization in cells, bringing the ultimate goal of nanoparticle‐mediated photothermal therapy a step closer.
Hell of a theory
Authors: Joachim I Krueger
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2016)

Abstract The theory of group-selected Big God religions is a master narrative of cultural evolution. The evidence is a positive manifold of correlated assumptions and variables. Although provocative, the theory is overly elastic. Its critical ingredient – belief in Big Gods – is neither necessary nor sufficient to account for in-group prosociality and discipline. Four specific issues illustrate this elasticity.
Risk of Herpes Zoster in Autoimmune and Inflammatory Diseases: Implications for Vaccination
Authors: Huifeng Yun, Shuo Yang, Lang Chen, Fenglong Xie, Kevin Winthrop, John W. Baddley, Kenneth G. Saag, Jasvinder Singh, Jeffrey R. Curtis
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2016)

Objective The herpes zoster (HZ) vaccine is recommended for adults in the US ages ≥60 years who do not have weakened immune systems. It is unclear how the risk of HZ varies according to age and disease conditions in younger patients with autoimmune or inflammatory (AI) diseases. This study was undertaken to evaluate the age‐stratified incidence of HZ in patients with AI diseases as compared to older adults for whom the HZ vaccine is currently recommended by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Methods Using linked data obtained from patients who were insured by US commercial and government health care plans during the period 2007–2010, 7 cohorts of patients with AI diseases were assembled: systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), psoriasis (PsO), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and gout. Two comparator cohorts were also assembled as controls: adult patients with diabetes and adult subjects without AI diseases or diabetic conditions. HZ was identified using diagnostic codes. Age‐specific incidence rates (IRs) of HZ were calculated and compared to the IRs of HZ in control subjects ages 61–70 years who were without AI diseases or diabetic conditions. Results After review of the linked data, the following number of enrollment periods were identified: 8,395 for patients with SLE, 7,916 for patients with IBD, 50,646 for patients with RA, 2,629 for patients with PsA, 4,299 for patients with PsO, 1,019 for patients with AS, 58,934 for patients with gout, 214,631 for control patients with diabetes, and 330,727 for control subjects without AI diseases and diabetic conditions. The respective highest and lowest IRs of HZ during the study were 19.9 per 1,000 person‐years in the SLE cohort and 6.8 per 1,000 person‐years in the gout cohort, as compared to an IR of 5.3 per 1,000 person‐years in control subjects without AI diseases or diabetic conditions. The age‐specific IRs of HZ in patients with RA and those with SLE ages ≥40 years were 1.5–2 times greater than those observed in older healthy adults (IR 8.5 per 1,000 person‐years), for whom the vaccine is currently recommended. Conclusion SLE, IBD, and RA are AI diseases associated with a higher risk of HZ compared to that in older adults for whom vaccination is currently recommended, suggesting that individuals with these conditions who are as young as age 40 years could potentially benefit from the HZ vaccine.
The LT1 and LT2 variants of the enterotoxigenic<i>Escherichia coli</i>(ETEC) heat-labile toxin (LT) are associated with major ETEC lineages
Authors: Enrique Joffré, Åsa Sjöling
Journal: Gut Microbes (2016)

The heat-labile toxin (LT) is one of the major virulence factors of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). We recently described that 20 polymorphic LT variants are present in ETEC strains isolated globally. Two of the variants, LT1 and LT2, are particularly common and we found that they were associated with clonal ETEC lineages that express the colonization factors (CFs), CFA/I, CS1+CS3, CS2+CS3, and CS5+CS6. ETEC expressing these CFs are frequently found among ETEC strains isolated from cases with diarrhea. ETEC expressing the colonization factors CS1+CS3, and CS2+CS3 are found in 2 discrete clonal lineages and express the LT1 variant and heat stable toxin (STh). Although they clearly are virulent they neither produce, nor secrete, high amounts of LT toxin. On the other hand ETEC strains expressing LT, STh, CFA/I and LT, STh, CS5+CS6, carry the LT2 variant and produce and secrete significantly more LT toxin. Despite differences in toxin production, LT1 and LT2 are found in ETEC lineages that have managed to spread globally confirming that these variants are important for ETEC virulence.
Analysis of Lectin Receptors on Rat Embryo Fibroblasts Transformed by Adenovirus 2&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: D H Boldt, S G Zimmer
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1983)

Transformation of rat embryo fibroblasts by human adenovirus type 2 (Ad2) results in the production of a series of cell lines that cover a spectrum of malignancy from nontumorigenic to highly tumorigenic in a single species. A panel of plant lectins was used to study surface characteristics of these cell lines that might correlate with tumorigenicity. Because of the complex nature of lectin-cell surface interactions, a number of parameters were determined; they included numbers and densities of lectin receptors, binding affinities, and receptor mobilities. The lectins from Lens culinaris, Lotus tetragonolobus, and Ricinus communis were found to be the most useful for differentiating among the various Ad2-transformed cell lines. In general, the more tumorigenic cell lines were characterized by high numbers of lectin receptors, high percentages of lectin-binding cells, and heterogeneous distributions of receptors from cell to cell. In contrast, the nontumorigenic and the weakly tumorigenic cell lines were characterized by low numbers of lectin receptors present on a minority of cells within each population and a more homogeneous distribution of these receptors from cell to cell. These data demonstrate that lectins can identify surface properties that appear to correlate with malignant potential in the Ad2-transformed cell lines.
Cumulative Corticosteroid Dose Over Fifty‐Two Weeks in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Pooled Analyses From the Phase III Belimumab Trials
Authors: Ronald F. van Vollenhoven, Michelle Petri, Daniel J. Wallace, David A. Roth, Charles T. Molta, Anne E. Hammer, Yongqiang Tang, April Thompson
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2016)

Objective To examine the effects of treatment with belimumab on corticosteroid dose in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) over 52 weeks in 2 randomized, controlled trials. Methods Data on patients who were taking corticosteroids at baseline in the Study of Belimumab in Subjects with SLE trials were pooled post hoc to compare patients who received belimumab 10 mg/kg plus standard therapy with those who received placebo plus standard therapy. The primary end point was cumulative change from baseline in corticosteroid dose (prednisone equivalent) through week 52. Further analyses specifically examined oral corticosteroid dose. Results At baseline, 966 of 1,125 patients (86%) were receiving corticosteroids (478 belimumab 10 mg/kg and 488 placebo). Most were women (94%), their mean age was 37.1 years, mean Safety of Estrogens in Lupus Erythematosus National Assessment version of the SLE Disease Activity Index score was 9.8, and mean corticosteroid dosage was 12.5 mg/day. Over 52 weeks, there was a smaller increase in mean cumulative corticosteroid dose for the belimumab group than for the placebo group (531.2 mg versus 916.3 mg; P &lt; 0.0001). Compared with placebo, the mean of all decreases in cumulative corticosteroid dose was higher with belimumab ( P = 0.0165), and the mean of all increases was lower ( P = 0.0005). More patients in the belimumab group had decreases in oral corticosteroid dose (38.5% versus 30.9%), and fewer had increases in dose (18.4% versus 30.7%), compared with placebo. Adverse events were comparable across groups. Conclusion Our findings show a significantly smaller increase in cumulative corticosteroid dose over 1 year, more patients with decreases in oral corticosteroid dose, and fewer patients with increases in oral corticosteroid dose in the belimumab group compared with the placebo group. These data suggest that belimumab may be steroid sparing.
Abstract 12181: Locally Applied Suramin inhibits Angiogenesis in Adventitia and Arterial Lesion Progression in Apolipoprotein E-deficient Mice
Authors: Kimie Tanaka, Yasunobu Hirata, Yasuhiko Tabata, Yasuyoshi Ouchi, Masataka Sata
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background:Exaggerated formation of vasa vasorum (VV) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Augmented angiogenesis by locally administrated basic fibroblast growth factor ...