tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Machine Perfusion or Cold Storage in Deceased-Donor Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Cyril Moers, Jacqueline M. Smits, Mark-Hugo J. Maathuis, Jürgen Treckmann, Frank van Gelder, Bogdan P. Napieralski, Margitta van Kasterop-Kutz, Jaap J. Homan van der Heide, Jean-Paul Squifflet, Ernest van Heurn, Günter R. Kirste, Axel Rahmel, Henri G.D. Leuvenink, Andreas Paul, Jacques Pirenne, Rutger J. Ploeg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

Static cold storage is generally used to preserve kidney allografts from deceased donors. Hypothermic machine perfusion may improve outcomes after transplantation, but few sufficiently powered prospective studies have addressed this possibility.In this international randomized, controlled trial, we randomly assigned one kidney from 336 consecutive deceased donors to machine perfusion and the other to cold storage. All 672 recipients were followed for 1 year. The primary end point was delayed graft function (requiring dialysis in the first week after transplantation). Secondary end points were the duration of delayed graft function, delayed graft function defined by the rate of the decrease in the serum creatinine level, primary nonfunction, the serum creatinine level and clearance, acute rejection, toxicity of the calcineurin inhibitor, the length of hospital stay, and allograft and patient survival.Machine perfusion significantly reduced the risk of delayed graft function. Delayed graft function developed in 70 patients in the machine-perfusion group versus 89 in the cold-storage group (adjusted odds ratio, 0.57; P=0.01). Machine perfusion also significantly improved the rate of the decrease in the serum creatinine level and reduced the duration of delayed graft function. Machine perfusion was associated with lower serum creatinine levels during the first 2 weeks after transplantation and a reduced risk of graft failure (hazard ratio, 0.52; P=0.03). One-year allograft survival was superior in the machine-perfusion group (94% vs. 90%, P=0.04). No significant differences were observed for the other secondary end points. No serious adverse events were directly attributable to machine perfusion.Hypothermic machine perfusion was associated with a reduced risk of delayed graft function and improved graft survival in the first year after transplantation. (Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN83876362.)
Spina Bifida Cured by Injection
Authors: J. R. Watt
Journal: BMJ (1873)

sages are relaxed.BIy this means the bougie is more easily intro- duced ; certainly requires less force in its use ; does not rouse or in- crease irrritation of the canal and interior of the uterus, probably even soothes them: and if there he any deposition of lymph environing the cervix, facilitates its absorption.It is satisfactory to observe that there is now a tendency to return to the more simple and less meddlesome treatment of uterine disease, and to discourage heroic modes, the details of which are sufficient to make one's hair stand on end.SPINA BIFJI)A CURED 13Y INJECTION.
Cotreatment with BCL-2 antagonist sensitizes cutaneous T-cell lymphoma to lethal action of HDAC7-Nur77–based mechanism
Authors: Jianguang Chen, Warren Fiskus, Kelly Eaton, Pravina Fernandez, Yongchao Wang, Rekha Rao, Pearl Lee, Rajeshree Joshi, Yonghua Yang, Ravindra Kolhe, Ramesh Balusu, Prasanthi Chappa, Kavita Natarajan, Anand Jillella, Peter Atadja, Kapil N. Bhalla
Journal: Blood (2008)
Does This Patient Have Hearing Impairment?
Authors: Akshay Bagai, Paaladinesh Thavendiranathan, Allan S Detsky
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Hearing impairment is prevalent among the elderly population but commonly underdiagnosed.To review the accuracy and precision of bedside clinical maneuvers for diagnosing hearing impairment.MEDLINE and EMBASE databases (1966 to April 2005) were searched for English-language articles related to screening for hearing impairment.Original studies on the accuracy or precision of screening questions and tests were included. Articles that used unaccepted reference standards or contained insufficient data were excluded. Medical Subject Headings or keywords used in the search included hearing loss, hearing handicap, hearing tests, tuning fork, deafness, physical examination, sensitivity, specificity, audiometry, tuning fork tests, Rinne, Weber, audioscope, Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly-Screening version, whispered voice test, sensorineural, and conductive.One author screened all potential articles and 2 authors independently abstracted data. Differences were resolved by consensus. Each included study (n = 24) was assigned a methodological grade.A yes response when asking individuals whether they have hearing impairment has a summary likelihood ratio (LR) of 2.5 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7-3.6); a no response has an LR of 0.13 (95% CI, 0.09-0.19). A score of 8 or greater on the screening version of the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly (HHIE-S) has an LR of 3.8 (95% CI, 3.0-4.8); a score less than 8 has an LR of 0.38 (95% CI, 0.29-0.51). An abnormal Weber tuning fork test response has an LR of 1.6 (95% CI, 1.0-2.3); a normal response has an LR of 0.70 (95% CI, 0.48-1.0). An abnormal Rinne tuning fork test response has LRs ranging from 2.7 to 62; a normal response has LRs from 0.01 to 0.85. Inability to perceive a whispered voice has an LR of 6.1 (95% CI, 4.5-8.4); normal perception has an LR of 0.03 (95% CI, 0-0.24). Not passing the audioscope test has an LR of 2.4 (95% CI, 1.4-4.1); passing has an LR of 0.07 (95% CI, 0.03-0.17).Elderly individuals who acknowledge they have hearing impairment require audiometry, while those who reply no should be screened with the whispered-voice test. Individuals who perceive the whispered voice require no further testing, while those unable to perceive the voice require audiometry. The Weber and Rinne tests should not be used for general screening.
Body Composition Indices in Women With Well-Controlled Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Marie-Christine Dubé, Denis Prud'homme, Simone Lemieux, Carole Lavoie, S. John Weisnagel
Journal: Diabetes Care (2008)

Changes associated with weight gain in intensive insulin therapy are similar to those seen in insulin resistance syndrome (1). However, the effect of abdominal adiposity in type 1 diabetes has been scarcely documented, especially in women. We conducted a pilot study to document the relationships between daily insulin dose, A1C, body composition, and lipid profile in 16 young (aged 28.1 ± 8.9 years) well-controlled (A1C 6.9 ± 0.7%) type 1 diabetic women.

BMI, waist …
In situ zymographic localisation of type II collagen degrading activity in osteoarthritic human articular cartilage
Authors: A J Freemont, R J Byers, Y O Taiwo, J A Hoyland
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1999)

<h3>OBJECTIVES</h3> Chondrocytic matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are believed to be important in osteoarthritic cartilage degradation. The cartilage lesion of osteoarthritis (OA) is focal and often progressive. During its development chondrocytes differentially up and down regulate production of mRNA for individual MMPs. This observation has potential implications for understanding the disease processes that lead to progressive cartilage loss in OA and designing appropriate targeted treatment. The complex regulation of MMP mediated effects means there is a pressing need to establish whether visualisation of MMP mRNA or protein equates to enzyme activity. The technique of in situ zymography (ISZ) offers a way of examining diseased human tissue for in vivo production of an excess of degrading enzyme over inhibitor. The primary objective of this study was to assess, and if positive follow, collagen II degrading activity in cartilage during development of the OA lesion. A secondary objective was to assess whether there was any correlation between sites of collagen II degrading activity and expression of the collagenase (MMP-13), recently implicated in type II collagen degredation in this lesion. <h3>METHODS</h3> Biopsied human normal and osteoarthritic cartilage, showing various degrees of damage, was examined by in situ zymography, with and without enzyme inhibitors, to establish sites of type II collagenase activity. Paired samples were probed for MMP-13 mRNA using <sup>35</sup>S-labelled oligonucleotide probes. Comparative analyses were performed. <h3>RESULTS</h3> In situ zymography showed collagen II degrading activity over chondrocytes only in osteoarthritic cartilage. Distribution and amount varied with the extent of cartilage damage and position of chondrocytes, being greatest in deep cartilage and in cartilage lesions where fissuring was occurring. The enzyme causing the degradation behaved as a matrix metalloproteinase. MMP-13 mRNA expression codistributed with the type II collagenase activity. <h3>CONCLUSION</h3> In OA, chondrocytes can degrade type II collagen. The type II collagen degrading activity varies in site and amount as the cartilage lesion progresses and throughout codistributes with MMP-13 mRNA expression.
Pigs might fly
Authors: M. A. Woodhead, A. Torres, S. Ewig
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2009)

here is a phrase in the English language: ''pigs might fly''.The phrase is used, since pigs will never fly, as a metaphor for something that will never, or is highly unlikely to ever happen.It is perhaps somewhat ironic then that although the pigs are not flying it is due to the interaction between pigs, as the source, and aviation, as the vector, that the current influenza outbreak has spread so rapidly around the world.It is reasonable to ask how this has come about and what the implications are for the respiratory community.Three criteria must be fulfilled for a pandemic to occur.First, a novel virus, to which a significant proportion of the world population have no immunity, must evolve.Secondly, this novel virus must have the capacity to cause human disease.Thirdly, and most critically, this virus must be easily transmissible between humans.Recent experience with avian influenza viruses has shown the development of novel and virulent viruses, which although able to cause very severe disease in humans, do not have the capacity to be transmitted easily from person to person.Many will not realise that human cases of avian influenza are continuing to occur in 2009, in Indonesia, China, Viet Nam and Egypt (http://www.who.int/csr/disease/avian_influenza/Timeline_09_03_23.pdf).However, infection is only occurring in those in direct contact with infected birds.The new H1N1 virus, that is believed to have evolved in pigs in Mexico, differs from the previous avian influenza viruses in that it is more easily transmissible between humans and this is why the current outbreak is occurring.
lnterferon-α in combination with corticosteroids improves systemic mast cell disease
Authors: E. Delaporte, E. Pierard, B.G. Wolthers, P. Desreumaux, A. Janin, A. Cortot, F. Piette, H. Bergoend
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1995)

Journal Article lnterferon‐α in combination with corticosteroids improves systemic mast cell disease Get access E. Delaporte, E. Delaporte Department of Dermatology A, HoCpital Cl. Huriez. CHRU. Lille. France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. Piérard, E. Piérard Department of Dermatology A, HoCpital Cl. Huriez. CHRU. Lille. France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B.G. Wolthers, B.G. Wolthers Central Clinical Chemical Laboratory, University Hospital, Groningen, the Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. Desreumaux, P. Desreumaux Department of Hepatogastroenterology. Hôpital Cl. Huriez, CHRU. Lille. France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Janin, A. Janin Department of Pathology C, CHRU, Lille, France. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Cortot, A. Cortot Department of Hepatogastroenterology. Hôpital Cl. Huriez, CHRU. Lille. France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F. Piette, F. Piette Department of Dermatology A, HoCpital Cl. Huriez. CHRU. Lille. France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. Bergoend H. Bergoend Department of Dermatology A, HoCpital Cl. Huriez. CHRU. Lille. France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 132, Issue 3, 1 March 1995, Pages 479–482, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1995.tb08689.x Published: 01 March 1995
IgG from patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension and/or systemic sclerosis binds to vascular smooth muscle cells and induces cell contraction
Authors: Guillaume Bussone, Mathieu C Tamby, Cynthia Calzas, Nada Kherbeck, Younes Sahbatou, Claire Sanson, Khaldoun Ghazal, Hanadi Dib, Babette B Weksler, Cédric Broussard, Franck Verrecchia, Azzedine Yaici, Véronique Witko-Sarsat, Gérald Simonneau, Loïc Guillevin, Marc Humbert, Luc Mouthon
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2011)

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterised by remodelling of pulmonary arteries with enhanced vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) contraction, migration and proliferation. The authors investigated the presence of antibodies to human VSMCs in the serum of patients with systemic sclerosis with or without PAH and idiopathic PAH (iPAH).Antibodies to VSMCs were detected by immunofluorescence in sera from healthy controls and patients with scleroderma without PAH, scleroderma-associated PAH and iPAH. Serum IgG from these patients induced contraction of VSMCs in a collagen matrix in contrast with IgG from healthy controls. Several protein spots of interest and target antigens were identified by two-dimensional immunoblotting and MS, including stress-induced phosphoprotein 1 and α-enolase. Finally, antibodies to stress-induced phosphoprotein 1 were detected by ELISA in sera from 84%, 76% and 24% of patients with scleroderma without PAH, scleroderma-associated PAH and iPAH, respectively, compared with only 3% of healthy controls.The authors have identified IgG that binds to VSMCs in the serum of patients with scleroderma and iPAH. These antibodies may be pathogenic by modulating vascular contraction. The target antigens of these antibodies are stress-induced phosphoprotein 1 and α-enolase.
Pulmonary sarcoidosis in children: a follow-up study
Authors: A. Baculard, N. Blanc, M. Boulé, B. Fauroux, K. Chadelat, L. Boccon-Gibod, G. Tournier, A. Clement
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2001)

Progression of pulmonary sarcoidosis in children remains poorly documented. The aim of this work was to gather follow-up information on pulmonary outcomes in children with sarcoidosis and to obtain data of relevance to a discussion of the optimal length and regimen of glucocorticoid therapy. In the present study, the authors experience of pulmonary sarcoidosis in 21 children referred to the paediatric pulmonary department over a 10-yr period is reported with a documented follow-up of at least 4 yr. Evaluation of the disease during the follow-up included analysis of clinical manifestations, chest radiographs, pulmonary function tests with measurements of the vital capacity (VC), dynamic lung compliance (CL,dyn), lung transfer for CO (TL,CO), and arterial blood gases, as well as bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) with determination of total and differential cell counts. After initial evaluation the decision was a careful observation of four children without therapy. Corticosteroid treatment was initiated in 17 children. Analysis of results indicated that after 6-12 months of treatment most clinical manifestations of the disease and chest radiograph abnormalities disappeared, and beneficial effects on VC and TL,CO were apparent. After 18 months of steroids no benefit on pulmonary function tests could be noticed, with mainly persistence of alterations of CL,dyn. Results of BAL studies documented the presence of an alveolitis with increased lymphocyte populations throughout the follow-up. Relapses were observed in four children during tapering of prednisone; they were not reported after discontinuation of steroid therapy. Taken together data obtained in the presented population can lead to the following suggestions for the management of pulmonary sarcoidosis in children. BAL should be performed at the initial evaluation to document alveolitis; however, nothing seems to be gained from repeating this investigation during follow-up in the absence of specific reasons. Once the decision to initiate glucocorticoid therapy is made, 18 months may be a reasonable treatment duration. Discontinuation of therapy can be decided even if the pulmonary function tests remain abnormal, but the child should then be carefully monitored for a relapse.
Innocent (Harmless) Heart Murmurs in Children
Authors: Ann R. Punnoose, Alison E. Burke, Robert M. Golub
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Innocent (Harmless) Heart Murmurs in ChildrenA murmur is the sound of blood flowing through the heart and the large blood vessels that carry the blood through the body.Murmurs can be a sign of a congenital (from birth) heart defect or can provide clues to illnesses that start elsewhere in the body and make the heart work harder, such as anemia or fever.In children, murmurs are often harmless and are just the sound of a heart working normally.These harmless murmurs are often called innocent or functional murmurs.Murmurs are easily heard in children because they have thin chests and the heart is closer to the stethoscope.When children have fevers or are scared, their hearts beat faster and murmurs can become even louder than usual.
Acute Appendicitis in Childhood
Authors: F. D. Hindmarsh
Journal: BMJ (1954)

BRONCHITIS M,:trial had industrial lung disease, and it is possible that such subjects may be less likely to respond to prophylactic chemotherapy than those who have not been exposed to a dust hazard.One of the sulphonamide series may not, in fact, have been the best drug to choose: the administration of drugs (such as penicillin) by injection was thought to be impracticable with working subjects, while the possible un- desirable side-effects of chloramphenicol (Franklin and Garrod, 1953) and aureomycin-apart from the expense of these two drugs-would hardly justify their use over pro- longed periods for prophylaxis, although good results have been claimed recently for the continuous administration of aureomycin in preventing acute respiratory infections in patients with congestive cardiac failure (McVay et al., 1953).The dosage of sulphonamide may have been inadequate to establish a sufficiently high blood level, and the production of sulphonanfi'de-resistant organisms may have been stimulated, but larger doses would probably have produced toxic effects.In conclusion it may be said that at present there is no evidence that a suitable drug for the prophylaxis of the acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis exists, but that if and when such evidence became available, as a result of a controlled trial, much disability might be prevented.In seek- ing such a drug much help would be obtained if more were known about the epidemiology, clinical types, bacteriology, and pathology of chronic bronchitis. SummaryThe acute exacerbations of " winter bronchitis " that occur in pneumoconiosis, emphysema, and " chronic bronchitis" are a serious problem.A controlled clinical trial is described in which subjects with various forms of chronic bronchitis were studied in three centres during the winters of 1951-2 and 1952-3.In all, 83 subjects were included.Of these, 42 were given 0.5 g. of sulphadimidine three times a day during the winter months and 41 were given inert tablets in the same way..A clinical assessment of the subjects was made at monthly intervals.Acute exacerbations of respiratory symptoms were classified as follows: (1) an acute " unmodified" attack of bronchitis; (2) a modified and less severe attack of bronchitis; (3) an attack of bronchial spasm; and (4) a head cold or " influenza."No evidence was found that sulphonamide was effec- tive in preventing the acute exacerbations of " winter bronchitis," but the trial was relatively insensitive.We acknowledge our indebtedness to Dr. C. M. Fletcher (pre- viously director of this unit), at whose instigation the trial was planned; to Dr. J.
Ulipristal Acetate versus Leuprolide Acetate for Uterine Fibroids
Authors: Jacques Donnez, Janusz Tomaszewski, Francisco Vázquez, Philippe Bouchard, Boguslav Lemieszczuk, Francesco Baró, Kazem Nouri, Luigi Selvaggi, Krzysztof Sodowski, Elke Bestel, Paul Terrill, Ian Osterloh, Ernest Loumaye
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

The efficacy and side-effect profile of ulipristal acetate as compared with those of leuprolide acetate for the treatment of symptomatic uterine fibroids before surgery are unclear.In this double-blind noninferiority trial, we randomly assigned 307 patients with symptomatic fibroids and excessive uterine bleeding to receive 3 months of daily therapy with oral ulipristal acetate (at a dose of either 5 mg or 10 mg) or once-monthly intramuscular injections of leuprolide acetate (at a dose of 3.75 mg). The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with controlled bleeding at week 13, with a prespecified noninferiority margin of -20%.Uterine bleeding was controlled in 90% of patients receiving 5 mg of ulipristal acetate, in 98% of those receiving 10 mg of ulipristal acetate, and in 89% of those receiving leuprolide acetate, for differences (as compared with leuprolide acetate) of 1.2 percentage points (95% confidence interval [CI], -9.3 to 11.8) for 5 mg of ulipristal acetate and 8.8 percentage points (95% CI, 0.4 to 18.3) for 10 mg of ulipristal acetate. Median times to amenorrhea were 7 days for patients receiving 5 mg of ulipristal acetate, 5 days for those receiving 10 mg of ulipristal acetate, and 21 days for those receiving leuprolide acetate. Moderate-to-severe hot flashes were reported for 11% of patients receiving 5 mg of ulipristal acetate, for 10% of those receiving 10 mg of ulipristal acetate, and for 40% of those receiving leuprolide acetate (P<0.001 for each dose of ulipristal acetate vs. leuprolide acetate).Both the 5-mg and 10-mg daily doses of ulipristal acetate were noninferior to once-monthly leuprolide acetate in controlling uterine bleeding and were significantly less likely to cause hot flashes. (Funded by PregLem; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00740831.).
Respiratory disease of workers harvesting grain.
Authors: C S Darke, J Knowelden, J Lacey, A Milford Ward
Journal: Thorax (1976)

The incidence of respiratory symptoms caused by grain dust during harvesting was surveyed in a group of Lincolnshire farmers. A quarter complained of respiratory distress after working on combine harvesters or near grain driers and elevators, with cough, wheezing, and breathlessness, sometimes so severe as to prevent work. The airborne dust around combine harvesters contained up to 200 million fungus spores/m3 air with Cladosporium predominant while drivers were exposed to up to 20 million spores/m3 air. Verticillium/Paecilomyces type spores, mostly from Verticillium lecanii, Aphanocladium album, and Paecilomyces bacillosporus, were abundant in the dust. Extracts of these species produced immediate weal reactions in skin tests, precipitin reactions with sera, and rapid decreases in FEV1 when inhaled by affected workers. There was no delayed reactions. Results suggest type I immediate hypersensitivity to the spores although the physical effect of a heavy dust deposit could be important. Drivers could be protected by cabs ventilated with filtered air.
The Role of Her2 in Locally Advanced Resectable Gastric Cancer as a Prognostic and Predictive Factor
Authors: Cinta Hierro Carbó, Francisco Javier Pérez Martín, Maria José Paules, Gloria Hormigo, Carla Bettonica, Núria Virgili, Jm Botargues, E. De Lama, Mariona Calvo, Maica Galán
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2013)