tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PTU-201 The endoscopic cost of bariatric surgery
Authors: H Steed, H Golar, S Manjunath
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Complication rates of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (REYGB) vary from centre to centre, but anastomotic stricture is the commonest and is managed in the majority by endoscopic pneumatic dilatation. This study aimed to assess the endoscopic costs of REYGB surgery. <h3>Methods</h3> All patients undergoing REYGB surgery over a 29-month period were included (553) and were followed up retrospectively and prospectively for a minimum of 180 days to monitor for endoscopic procedures performed in relation to the REYGB. <h3>Results</h3> 113 patients had 147 endoscopic procedures, including 65 pneumatic dilatations, at a cost to the endoscopy department of £58 077 over a 29 month study period, with an average cost of £2003 a month or £105 per REYGB operation performed. One patient required three dilatations, two required six dilatations and the rest were dilated once, using a range of 11 mm to 16 mm balloons at the endoscopists discretion. Five patients had completely occluded anastomoses. The anastomotic stricture rate for the group was 11.39%. Three patients had acute ulceration at the anastomosis, giving a symptomatic ulcer rate of 0.7%. The delay in time from surgery to dilatation ranged from 4-5-6 days, with a mean of 94 days. 60% of anastomotic strictures occurred within 3 months, 78% within 4 months, 92% within 5 months and 95% within 6 months. <h3>Conclusion</h3> If bariatric surgery is performed locally then endoscopy departments must expect to factor in, not only the costs of dealing with actual complications, but also the cost of investigating for potential complications. The average cost to the endoscopy department per REYGB procedure performed is £105. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
IRON-SENSITIVE CARDIAC MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING FOR IMPROVED PREDICTION OF MALIGNANT VENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIAS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Ivan Cokic, Avinash Kali, Hsin-Jung Yang, Raymond Yee, Richard Tang, Mourad Tighiouart, Xunzhang Wang, Warren Jackman, Sumeet Chugh, James A. White, Rohan Dharmakumar
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
A memorable patient: The guiding hand
Authors: C. Davidson
Journal: BMJ (1998)

“What about his little arm, then?” It was some months since I had last seen the child, now seemingly healthy and normal after the grave illness which he had suffered earlier in the year. But his mother, far from expressing the happy thankfulness which I had expected, had something else to say. She pulled up a sleeve, and there at the bend of the elbow was a small scar, healing nicely but still a blemish in that clear infant skin. I looked at it tenderly. “I think it will gradually clear away as he gets older,” I said.

It had been a grim 24 hours. Barely conscious on admission, the baby had been vaccinated …
AB0207 Impaired inhibition on B cell activation by bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells with decreased CCL2 expression in MRL/LPR mice
Authors: N. Che, X. Li, L. Sun
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2012)

<h3>Background</h3> Bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are multipotent cells characterized by immunomodulatory properties and are therefore considered as a promising cell therapy for autoimmune diseases. It has been shown that BM-MSCs from healthy donors were able to inhibit the activation of B cells in vitro and in vivo. Our previous study revealed that BM-MSCs from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) possessed some dysfunctions. <h3>Objectives</h3> This study aimed to assess whether inhibition on B cell activation by BM-MSCs in MRL/lpr mice, an animal model of SLE, was impaired and the possible mechanisms involved in this process. <h3>Methods</h3> BM-MSCs were isolated and expanded from either C57BL/6J or MRL/lpr mice. The effects of BM-MSCs on the proliferation and differentiation to plasma cells of normal splenic B cell isolated from C57BL/6J mice were evaluated in vitro. And the differential expression of CCL2 on BM-MSCs from C57BL/6J or MRL/lpr mice was detected. Lupus mice were treated with these two different BM-MSCs respectively, and the levels of serum auto-antibodies and immunoglobulin deposition in the kidney were monitored. <h3>Results</h3> BM-MSCs from C57BL/6J mice inhibited the proliferation and differentiation to plasma cells of B cells in vitro. This inhibitory effect was mediated by soluble factors, including CCL2, as neutralizing CCL2 could abolish the suppressive effect on B cells mediated by normal BM-MSCs. Inhibition on B-cell proliferation and differentiation by BM-MSCs from MRL/lpr mice was impaired, partially resulted from down-regulated expression of CCL2. The addition of processed CCL2 restored inhibitory effects of BM-MSCs from MRL/lpr mice on B-cells. In vivo treatment with BM-MSCs from MRL/lpr mice did not reduce the levels of serum pathological antibody production and immunoglobulin deposition in the kidney compared with treatment with BM-MSCs from C57BL/6J mice. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our findings suggest that inhibitory effects of BM-MSCs on B-cell are mediated by soluble factors including CCL2. Impaired inhibition of BM-MSCs from MRL/lpr mice on B-cell maybe attributes to the down-regulation of CCL2 expression, which may play an important role in the pathogenesis of SLE. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Concerted action is needed to fight obesity, says chief medical officer
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2003)

More than a fifth of people in England are now obese, compared with just over one in 20 two decades ago, says the chief medical officer in his annual report.

He called on local and central government, the food and leisure industries, health trusts, and drug companies to help tackle the growing epidemic, which each year is responsible for 9000 premature deaths and costs the economy at least £2.5bn ($4.1bn; €3.6bn) through healthcare costs and absence …
THU0350 Reduced Thickness and Invasion of the Subchondral Bone Plate by Fibrous Tissue are Hallmarks of Joint Remodeling in Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: J. Bleil, H. Appel, R. Maier, J. Sieper, U. Syrbe
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> The mechanisms contributing to joint remodeling in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) are poorly defined. <h3>Objectives</h3> In order to understand the sequence of events leading to joint space narrowing and intraarticular joint ankylosis in AS we performed a histological study analyzing several histomorphometric and histomorphological features in zygapophyseal joints of AS patients in comparison to autopsy controls and patients with osteoarthritis. <h3>Methods</h3> Cartilage thickness, thickness of the subchondral bone and trabecular thickness were measured by histomorphometric analysis in zygapophyseal joints from 11 patients with AS, 9 patients with osteoarthritis (OA) and from 10 autopsy controls (CO). In addition, the proteoglycan content according to safranin O staining, apoptosis rates among chondrocytes according to caspase-3 expression and the number of osteoclasts were determined by histochemistry and immunohistochemistry. <h3>Results</h3> Cartilage thickness was significantly reduced in joints of both, AS (p=0.0109) and OA patients (p=0.0009), compared to autopsy controls. In contrast, thickness of the subchondral bone plate was only reduced in joints of AS patients compared to autopsy controls (p=0.0003), but not in OA patients (p=0.3664). The trabecular thickness in joints of AS patients was not different from autopsy controls (p=0.4273). Signs of cartilage damage were found in joints of AS patients, in particular in later stages of joint remodeling, i.e. in joints with completely fused joint spaces. Here proteoglycan loss was significantly enhanced compared to controls (p=0.0433) while chondrocyte apoptosis rates were not different (p=0.2176). In contrast to joints of OA patients, which showed proteoglycan loss and enhanced apoptosis primarily within the superficial cartilage layers, proteoglycan loss was dispersed through the whole cartilage area in joints of AS patients. Invasion of fibrous tissue originating from the subchondral bone marrow was found in AS and OA joints. In AS but not OA joints we observed clustering of osteoclasts at the edges of the fibrous tissue directed towards the joint space. <h3>Conclusions</h3> These data suggest that degradation of cartilage and of the subchondral bone plate are hallmarks of joint remodelling in AS. In particular loss of proteoglycans accompanies cartilage degradation in AS joints. The fibrous tissue originating from the bone marrow promotes degradation of the subchondral bone plate. Invasion of this fibrous tissue into the subchondral bone plate seems to be particularly promoted in joints of AS patients by clustering of osteoclasts at the edges of the fibrous tissue directed towards the cartilage or joint space. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Larger number of invariant natural killer T cells in PBSC allografts correlates with improved GVHD-free and progression-free survival
Authors: Florent Malard, Myriam Labopin, Patrice Chevallier, Thierry Guillaume, Alix Duquesne, Fanny Rialland, Sophie Derenne, Pierre Peterlin, Anne-Gaelle Leauté, Eolia Brissot, Marc Gregoire, Philippe Moreau, Philippe Saas, Béatrice Gaugler, Mohamad Mohty
Journal: Blood (2016)
CORONARY ARTERY CALCIUM PREDICTS ATHEROSCLEROTIC CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE (ASCVD) AT 10-YEARS: THE MULTI-ETHNIC STUDY OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS (MESA)
Authors: Matthew J. Budoff, Rebekah Young, Gregory Burke, John Carr, Bob Detrano, Aaron Folsom, Richard Kronmal, Joao Lima, Kiang Liu, Robyn McClelland, Erin Michos, Wendy Post, Steven Shea, Karol Watson, Nathan Wong
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Propofol-based deep sedation for endoscopic ultrasonography in sick patients in Thailand
Authors: Amornyotin Somchai
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Background and Aims: In a developing country, endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) procedure is being performed at increasing rate. However, there is no recent information on deep sedation of this procedure in sick patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of propofol-based deep sedation, and to compare between ASA physical status I-II and III-IV for EUS procedure in a teaching hospital in Thailand.
Abstract LB-182: Preoperative serum level of homocysteine is associated with survival of breast cancer among Korean women
Authors: Yunhee Lee, Sang-Ah Lee, Kyoung-Mu Lee, Ji-Young Lee, Hyuna Sung, Lian Li, Sue K. Park, Keun-Young Yoo, Dong-Young Noh, Sei-Hyun Ahn, Ji-Yeob Choi, Daehee Kang
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract The serum level of homocysteine is suggested to be related to inflammation, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. This study aimed to evaluate preoperative serum homocysteine level as biomarker for breast cancer prognosis. We measured serum homocysteine levels using the fluorescence polarization in 370 participants who were newly diagnosed and histopathologically confirmed breast cancer from hospitals located in Seoul, Korea between 2004 and 2007. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to investigate association between serum homocysteine level and disease free survival. The median concentration of homocysteine was 10.09 ng/mL and interquartile range was 8.4–12.6. Kaplan-Meier curves showed that the elevated concentration of homocysteine was associated with poor disease-free survival (log rank p = 0.02). In multivariate analysis using the Cox's proportional hazard regression model, patients with greater than median levels of homocysteine showed increased risk of breast cancer recurrence compared to the patients with lower levels of homocysteine after adjusting for factors related to prognosis (hazard ratio = 2.03; 95% confidence interval, 1.13–3.64; p = 0.02). These findings suggest that higher level of homocysteine may be associated with the poor prognosis of breast cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-182. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-LB-182
Pott's Disease of the Thoracic Spine
Authors: Soraya Jodra, Carlos Alvarez
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

A 20-year-old man originally from Bangladesh presented with a 6-month history of anorexia and weight loss. The physical examination was remarkable for a temperature of 39°C. Chest radiography showed a mass that appeared to be located in the posterior mediastinum.
Testicular Size in Klinefelter's Syndrome in Men over Fifty
Authors: Herbert A. Lubs
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

THE frequency and clinical behavior of Klinefelter's syndrome in infants and young men has been well studied, but little is known of the ultimate course of chromatin-positive males. Few patients over the age of fifty or with a fatal illness have been described. The basis of the diagnosis of Klinefelter's syndrome in young males is the presence of testes with the long diameter measuring less than 3.5 cm. Since no normal data on testicular size in males over fifty have been reported, and the primary basis of diagnosis is therefore unclear, it seems likely that the syndrome often goes undiagnosed, . . .
THU0253 ANTI-PM-SCL autoantibodies in polymyositis and dermatomyositis
Authors: L. Plestilova, K. Gheorghe, I.E. Lundberg, M. Vincze, K. Dankό, P. Charles, Z. Betteridge, N. McHugh, J. Vencovský
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are frequently accompanied by presence of autoantibodies. A correlation of anti-Jo-1 and anti-SRP antibody levels with disease activity and creatine kinase levels has been described. Recently a new anti-PM1α quantitative ELISA test detecting antibodies to the main epitope of PM-Scl-100 has become available. <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate the prevalence of anti-PM1α autoantibodies and association with clinical symptoms, clinical disease activity and serum CK in a multicenter myositis cohort. <h3>Methods</h3> Two hundred and thirty eight consecutive patients with established IIM (103 DM, 99 PM, 8 JDM, 3 IBM and 25 IIM/CTD-overlap syndrome) were tested for the presence of anti PM-Scl autoantibodies by immunoblot and by immunoprecipitation. Eight additional anti-PM-Scl positive sera were also obtained. Serum levels of anti-PM1α autoantibodies were detected by ELISA kit (Dr. FOOKE Laboratorien GmbH, Neuss, DE). Clinical data were derived from the Euromyositis database (www.euromyositis.eu). Global and organ clinical disease activities were assessed by Myositis Activity Assessment Tool (MYOACT) 10 cm visual analogue scales. <h3>Results</h3> 19/238 (8%) patients (11 DM, 2 PM and 6 IIM/CTD-overlap syndrome (3 DM + SSc, 2 PM + SSc, 1 PM + SjS)) were positive for anti-PM-Scl in immunoblot, immunoprecipitation and anti-PM1α ELISA. 19 PM-Scl+ were 16/181 women and 3/57 men, average age 50.5 years (22.0 – 74.2) and average disease duration 3.0 years (0 – 11.6 years). Good agreement between detection tests was found. The most common clinical features among anti-PM-Scl positive patients were muscle weakness (96%), interstitial lung disease (77%), Raynaud's phenomenon (69%) and mechanic's hands (65%). One patient had a cancer. Anti-PM1α levels correlated with serum CK activity in the DM group (p=0.041, r=0.533) and with constitutional disease activity and seriousness of dysphagia in the PM group (p=0.048, r=0.768 and p=0.007, r=0.927). Furthermore longitudinal change in anti-PM1α levels correlated with HAQ scores in the whole group (p=0.016, r=0.730) and with global disease activity score in DM group (p=0.023, r=0.685), but not with other MYOACT parameters. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Anti-PM-Scl autoantibodies are detected in 8% of patients with myositis. They are more frequent in those with DM and overlap syndromes. Presence of these autoantibodies is associated with muscle weakness, ILD, Raynaud's phenomenon and mechanic's hands. Anti-PM1α levels correlate with serum CK levels in DM and their change is correlated with change of HAQ scores in the whole group and with MYOACT scores in DM group. This suggests that the quantitative measurement of anti-PM-1α may be a useful tool in the assessment of patients with this syndrome. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Reply to Tamhane and McGwin
Authors: A. May
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

We thank Drs Tamhane and McGwin for their interest in our paper on argon plasma coagulation (APC) of small-bowel lesions during double-balloon enteroscopy [1] and for their points of criticism [2]. They state that there was no information on patients lost to follow-up, but in the paper it is mentioned at the beginning of the Results section that only 50 out of 63 patients could be enrolled into the analysis for several reasons including loss to follow-up. This means that patients for whom follow-up information was poor were excluded from the analysis.
AB0405 Factors associated with lupus nephritis in a highly admixed population
Authors: J. L. Pérez-Fernández, J. Amaya-Amaya, N. Molano-González, R.-D. Mantilla, A. Rojas-Villarraga, J.-M. Anaya
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the most serious complications of systemic lupus erythematous (SLE). Multiple clinical and serological risk and protective factors for LN have been identified in Caucasians. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study was to examine associated factors for LN in a new cohort of Latin American patients. <h3>Methods</h3> The study included 310 consecutive SLE patients (91% female, median age at onset: 38 years) followed at a single-center. The population means estimated autosomic Amerindian, European and African admixture are 26%, 63.5% and 10.6%, respectively and the means estimated X-chromosome admixture are 43.5%, 45.3% and 11.2%, respectively. LN was defined by the presence of active urinary sediment or proteinuria, nephritic or nephrotic syndrome, or a positive renal biopsy (ISN/RPS). Data were examined by bivariate and multiple correspondence analyses. Environmental exposure (i.e., ever smoke, coffee consumption, silicone implants, organic solvents, hair dye, and pesticides exposure) and cutaneous involvement (i.e., photosensitivity, oral ulcers, malar rash, urticary, discoid lupus, subacute lupus, and skin and oral ulcers) were examined by latent trait analysis using two-parameters logistic model through item response theory. Logistic regression analysis was done to assess the factors associated with LN. Interaction among biologically plausible variables was also evaluated. <h3>Results</h3> Nephritis was present in 46.5% of patients. Environmental factors (AOR: 1.64, 95%CI: 1.02-2.71, p=0.04), dyslipidemia (AOR: 18.1, 95%CI: 4.58-89.2, p&lt;0.001), pleural effusion (AOR: 3.1, 95%IC: 1.45-6.99, p=0.004) and psychosis (AOR: 5.9, 95%CI: 1.40-31.4, p=0.02) were positively associated with LN. In contrast, the presence of Sjögren's syndrome (SS, AECG 2002) disclosed a protective factor (AOR: 0.23, 95%CI: 0.06-0.73, p=0.01). In addition, dyslipidemic patients with short duration of disease and those with pleural effusion with cutaneous involvement exhibited a higher risk for LN. The coefficient of determination was 27%, indicating the multifactorial causation of LN. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Risk and protective factors for LN were confirmed in this admixed SLE population. These results may serve to define public health policies aimed to tight control the modifiable risk factors for LN. The search for additional factors for LN including genetics and epigenetics will improve our knowledge of this critical condition. Admixed populations can be a powerful resource for elucidating those factors. <h3>References</h3> Contreras G, et al. <i>Am J Phys Anthropol.</i> 2006; 69:1846–51. Rojas W, et al. <i>Kidney Int.</i> 2010; 143(1):13-20. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Abstract 3540: Characterization of a novel class of P70S6K in preclinical models
Authors: Gian Luca Araldi, Matthew Ronsheim, Nhut Diep, Ruth Guan, Yuriy Kalyan, Ira Liolis, Melanie Ronsheim, Fuxing Tang
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract P70S6K is a serine/threonine protein kinase responsible for the phosphorylation/ regulation of several important targets like S6, BAD, and IRS1/2. It acts downstream of the mammalian target of Rapamycin (mTOR) and regulates cell growth, proliferation, survival and migration via control of protein translation and a number of important downstream effectors. The over-expression of P70S6K confers clinical aggressiveness in solid tumors, and several findings using indirect inhibition (mTOR inhibitors) or biological tools (RNAi) suggest a critical role for p70S6K signaling in the regulation of invasion and cell motility, making selective inhibitors of this kinase potential anti-metastatic agents. A novel class of phthalazine derivatives were developed that are potent and selective inhibitors of P70S6K, with IC50s for P70S6K in the low nM to sub μμ ρανγε. We have used these inhibitors to further demonstrate and confirm the usefulness of this target for the treatment of metastatic cancers. The effect of the P70S6K inhibitors in regulating cell invasion and motility were determined in several breast (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468), prostate (DU-145, PC-3, and RWPE-2), and melanoma (A-375) cancer cell lines using the modified Boyden chamber assay. All the compounds tested showed dose-dependent inhibitory activity against tumor cell motility and invasion. The activity of these compounds is broad against all the cancer cell lines tested. The activity of our p70S6K inhibitors is comparable to Rapamycin and MEK inhibitors (PD325901), supporting the hypothesis that p70S6K may be a key component for both pathways. Besides the potent in vitro activity, our Lead compound was also effective in the systematic B16-F10 murine melanoma tumor model. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3540. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3540
Abstract 4131: Activation of PKC-delta inhibits apoptosis leading to mitomycin C resistance
Authors: Raju Khatri, Suryakant K. Niture, Anil K. Jaiswal
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Antioxidant-induced protein kinase C delta (PKCdelta) is known to phosphorylate cell survival transcription factor Nrf2. Phosphorylated Nrf2 translocates to the nucleus leading to coordinated activation of detoxifying enzyme gene expression. This mechanism is critical for protection against chemical and radiation stress and cell survival. Human breast cancer MCF-7 cells expressing endogenous PKCdelta, human breast cancer BT549 cells deficient in PKCdelta expression (PKCdelta-null) and BT549-C1 cells expressing cDNA derived PKCdelta demonstrated differential survival and apoptotic death responses to anti-tumor drug mitomycin C. MCF-7 and BT549-C1 cells expressing PKCdelta showed increased survival and decreased apoptotic cell death as compared with PKCdelta-null BT549 cells. The studies also demonstrated that mitomycin C induced serine40 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of Nrf2. Further studies determined that Nrf2 translocation in the nucleus led to an increase in Bcl2 and BclXL expression that contributed to the inhibition of apoptosis, increased cell survival and mitomycin C resistance. Interestingly, inclusion of antioxidant tert-butyl hydroquinone with mitomycin C further enhanced the PKCdelta effect on cell survival and apoptotic cell death. These results led to the conclusion that PKCdelta is endogenous factor in drug resistance and could serve as a therapeutic target. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4131.