tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Social Support and the Persistence of Complaints in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Authors: J.B. Prins, E. Bos, M.J.H. Huibers, P. Servaes, S.P. van der Werf, J.W.M. van der Meer, G. Bleijenberg
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2004)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; Several studies suggested that the surroundings of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) patients are of importance in the persistence of complaints. Contrary to what was expected, participation in support groups has not led to clinical improvement. The purpose of the present study was to describe social support in CFS patients as compared with other fatigued and non-fatigued groups. Further, changes in social support and the influence of social support on the course of CFS over a period of more than 1 year were studied in patients with and without treatment. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; Baseline data were assessed in 270 CFS patients, 150 disease-free breast cancer patients, 151 fatigued employees on sick-leave and 108 healthy subjects using the Social Support List and Significant Others Scale. CFS patients were followed in cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT), guided support groups and natural course at 8 and 14 months. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; CFS patients and fatigued employees reported more negative interactions and insufficiency of supporting interactions than cancer patients and healthy controls. No differences in frequency of supporting interactions were found. Negative interactions decreased significantly after treatment with CBT, but did not change in support groups or natural course. In the natural course, higher fatigue severity at 8 months was predicted by more negative interactions at baseline. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; In CFS patients and fatigued employees, social support is worse than in disease-free cancer patients and healthy controls. Lack of social support was identified as a new factor in the model of perpetuating factors of fatigue severity and functional impairment in CFS.
Restoration of Taxol Sensitivity of Multidrug-Resistant Cells by the Cyclosporine SDZ PSC 833 and the Cyclopeptolide SDZ 280-446
Authors: B. Jachez, R. Nordmann, F. Loor
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

Journal Article Restoration of Taxol Sensitivity of Multidrug-Resistant Cells by the Cyclosporine SDZ PSC 833 and the Cyclopeptolide SDZ 280–446 Get access Bénédicte Jachez, Bénédicte Jachez Sandoz Pharma Ltd., Preclinical ResearchBasel, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Rene Nordmann, Rene Nordmann Sandoz Pharma Ltd., Preclinical ResearchBasel, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Francis Loor Francis Loor Immunology Laboratory, Strasbourg 1 University, Illkirch, France, and Preclinical ResearchSandoz Pharma Ltd., Basel Correspondence to : Francis Loor, Ph.D., Immunology Laboratory, Strasbourg 1 University BP 24, F. 67401 Illkirch, France. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 85, Issue 6, 17 March 1993, Pages 478–483, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.6.478 Published: 17 March 1993 Article history Received: 16 April 1992 Revision received: 23 November 1992 Accepted: 03 December 1992 Published: 17 March 1993
Angioscopic Prediction of Successful Dilatation and of Restenosis in Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty
Authors: Akira Itoh, Shunichi Miyazaki, Hiroshi Nonogi, Satoshi Daikoku, Kazuo Haze
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background Coronary angiography has been used to assess the anatomy of coronary artery and intraluminal pathological changes. However, it has several limitations in its diagnostic quality and sensitivity in the detection of intraluminal details. Angioscopy has enabled coronary artery lumens to be visualized directly and fine intraluminal morphological changes to be detected. The information obtained by angioscopy is expected to provide new insights into the mechanisms and pathophysiology of transluminal coronary angioplasty. Methods and Results Forty-seven patients (39 men and 8 women) with stable angina were enrolled in the present study. Angioscopy was performed before and after angioplasty with a 0.68-mm angioscope with a double–guiding catheter system. The patients who were successfully evaluated by angioscopy were divided into two groups according to the color of the lesion: group 1, mainly yellow; and group 2, white. Angiographic, angioscopic, and clinical parameters in the two groups were compared. Detailed angioscopic findings were obtained in 36 of the 47 patients (77%) before percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and in 24 of the 47 (51%) after PTCA. Yellow plaque were found in 13 of 36 (36%). Age, sex, presence of coronary risk factors, serum cholesterol level, and duration of angina showed no correlation with plaque color. The incidence rates of dissection and thrombi after angioplasty also were not different. Successful dilatation was achieved in 13 of 13 patients (100%) in group 1 and in 21 of 23 (91%) in group 2. The restenosis rate of group 1 was significantly lower than that in group 2 (16.7% versus 57.9%, P &lt;.05). Cox proportional hazards model revealed that plaque color was the independent variable associated with restenosis after PTCA ( P =.03). Conclusions The restenosis rate after successful balloon angioplasty differs, with the color of the target lesion being significantly higher in patients with solely white plaque. Therefore, angioscopic findings are highly predictive of restenosis.
Measurement of endothelial permeability to 125I-low density lipoproteins in rabbit arteries by use of en face preparations.
Authors: G A Truskey, W L Roberts, R A Herrmann, R A Malinauskas
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

A procedure of en face quantitative autoradiography of the endothelium (Hautchen preparations) was developed to examine regional variations in 125I-low density lipoprotein (125I-LDL) permeability in the arterial wall in vivo. Endothelial preparations from fixed arterial tissue and calibration standards consisting of known concentrations of 125I-albumin were dipped in nuclear emulsion, exposed for 1-3 months, developed, and stained with hematoxylin. Digital image analysis was used to analyze dark-field images of autoradiographs. Background grain densities on cold endothelial preparations were 30-100% higher than on glass, but the variability in grain densities on the two different surfaces was similar. Regression slopes of grain density versus concentration for calibration standards were the same for sections placed on cold tissue or glass. For 1-5-microns-thick calibration standards of the same concentration, the grain density was proportional to the total amount of radioactivity per unit area. The results indicated that errors arising from nonuniformities in preparation thickness were minimal, and permeabilities and intimal concentrations could be determined. Rabbits were killed 10 minutes after injection of 125I-LDL, and endothelial preparations were made. For regions of uniformly low grain density in the rabbit aorta, the 125I-LDL permeability was 1.9 +/- 0.8 x 10(-8) cm/sec, and the effective diffusion coefficient was 5.4 +/- 3.1 x 10(-10) cm2/sec. Errors in the estimated permeability arising from nonuniformities in tissue thickness were the same as the reported experimental variability. Analysis of elevated regions of permeability suggested that 125I-LDL was binding to the extracellular matrix. Approximately 25% of the sites of elevated grain density were associated with mitotic endothelial cells, and such regions had higher permeabilities than sites associated with nonmitotic cells. Around intercostal arteries, sites of highest permeability were distal and lateral to the vessels and occurred where lesions first develop in hypercholesterolemic rabbits.
ITS2 Database V: Twice as Much: Table 1.
Authors: Markus J. Ankenbrand, Alexander Keller, Matthias Wolf, Jörg Schultz, Frank Förster
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2015)

The internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) is a well-established marker for phylogenetic analyses in eukaryotes. A reliable resource for reference sequences and their secondary structures is the ITS2 database (http://its2.bioapps.biozentrum.uni-wuerzburg.de/). However, the database was last updated in 2011. Here, we present a major update of the underlying data almost doubling the number of entities. This increases the number of taxa represented within all major eukaryotic clades. Moreover, additional data has been added to underrepresented groups and some new groups have been added. The broader coverage across the tree of life improves phylogenetic analyses and the capability of ITS2 as a DNA barcode.
Natalizumab Induction and Maintenance Therapy for Crohn's Disease
Authors: William J. Sandborn, Jean Frédéric Colombel, Roberts Enns, Brian G. Feagan, Stephen B. Hanauer, Ian C. Lawrance, Remo Panaccione, Martin Sanders, Stefan Schreiber, Stephan Targan, Sander van Deventer, Ronald Goldblum, Darrin Despain, Gary S. Hogge, Paul Rutgeerts
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

Natalizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody against alpha4 integrin, inhibits leukocyte adhesion and migration into inflamed tissue.We conducted two controlled trials to evaluate natalizumab as induction and maintenance therapy in patients with active Crohn's disease. In the first trial, 905 patients were randomly assigned to receive 300 mg of natalizumab or placebo at weeks 0, 4, and 8. The primary outcome was response, defined by a decrease in the Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) score of at least 70 points, at week 10. In the second trial, 339 patients who had a response to natalizumab in the first trial were randomly reassigned to receive 300 mg of natalizumab or placebo every four weeks through week 56. The primary outcome was a sustained response through week 36. A secondary outcome in both trials was disease remission (a CDAI score of less than 150).In the first trial, the natalizumab and placebo groups had similar rates of response (56 percent and 49 percent, respectively; P=0.05) and remission (37 percent and 30 percent, respectively; P=0.12) at 10 weeks. Continuing natalizumab in the second trial resulted in higher rates of sustained response (61 percent vs. 28 percent, P<0.001) and remission (44 percent vs. 26 percent, P=0.003) through week 36 than did switching to placebo. Serious adverse events occurred in 7 percent of each group in the first trial and in 10 percent of the placebo group and 8 percent of the natalizumab group in the second trial. In an open-label extension study, a patient treated with natalizumab died from progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, associated with the JC virus, a human polyomavirus.Induction therapy with natalizumab for Crohn's disease resulted in small, nonsignificant improvements in response and remission rates. Patients who had a response had significantly increased rates of sustained response and remission if natalizumab was continued every four weeks. The benefit of natalizumab will need to be weighed against the risk of serious adverse events, including progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. (ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT00032786 and NCT00032799.)
Inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 in hematopoietic cells results in salt-sensitive hypertension
Authors: Ming-Zhi Zhang, Bing Yao, Yinqiu Wang, Shilin Yang, Suwan Wang, Xiaofeng Fan, Raymond C. Harris
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2015)

Inhibition of prostaglandin (PG) production with either nonselective or selective inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity can induce or exacerbate salt-sensitive hypertension. This effect has been previously attributed to inhibition of intrinsic renal COX-2 activity and subsequent increase in sodium retention by the kidney. Here, we found that macrophages isolated from kidneys of high-salt–treated WT mice have increased levels of COX-2 and microsomal PGE synthase–1 (mPGES-1). Furthermore, BM transplantation (BMT) from either COX-2–deficient or mPGES-1–deficient mice into WT mice or macrophage-specific deletion of the PGE2 type 4 (EP4) receptor induced salt-sensitive hypertension and increased phosphorylation of the renal sodium chloride cotransporter (NCC). Kidneys from high-salt–treated WT mice transplanted with Cox2–/– BM had increased macrophage and T cell infiltration and increased M1- and Th1-associated markers and cytokines. Skin macrophages from high-salt–treated mice with either genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of the COX-2 pathway expressed decreased M2 markers and VEGF-C production and exhibited aberrant lymphangiogenesis. Together, these studies demonstrate that COX-2–derived PGE2 in hematopoietic cells plays an important role in both kidney and skin in maintaining homeostasis in response to chronically increased dietary salt. Moreover, these results indicate that inhibiting COX-2 expression or activity in hematopoietic cells can result in a predisposition to salt-sensitive hypertension.
Effects of inhaled bronchodilators and corticosteroids on exercise induced arterial hypoxaemia in trained male athletes
Authors: A N H Hodges, B M Lynn, M S Koehle, D C McKenzie
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2005)

Objectives: To determine the effect of prophylactic treatment with an inhaled bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory on arterial saturation (Sa o 2 ) in trained non-asthmatic male athletes with exercise induced arterial hypoxaemia (EIAH). Methods: Nine male athletes (mean (SD) age 26.3 (6.7) years, height 182.6 (7.9) cm, weight 79.3 (10.5) kg, V o 2 max 62.3 (6.3) ml/kg/min, Sa o 2 min 92.5 (1.1)%) with no history of asthma were tested in two experimental conditions. A combination of a therapeutic dose of salbutamol and fluticasone or an inert placebo was administered in a randomised crossover design for seven days before maximal cycling exercise. Oxygen consumption (V o 2 ), ventilation (V e ), heart rate (HR), power output, and Sa o 2 were monitored during the exercise tests. Results: There were no significant differences between the drug (D) and placebo (P) conditions for minimal Sa o 2 (D = 93.6 (1.4), P = 93.0 (1.1)%; p = 0.93) V o 2 max (D = 61.5 (7.2), P = 61.9 (6.3) ml/kg/min; p = 0.91), peak power (D = 444.4 (48.3), P = 449.4 (43.9) W; p = 0.90), peak V e (D = 147.8 (19.1), P = 149.2 (15.5) litres/min; p = 0.82), or peak heart rate (D = 182.3 (10.0), P = 180.8 (5.5) beats/min; p = 0.76). Conclusions: A therapeutic dose of salbutamol and fluticasone did not attenuate EIAH during maximal cycling in a group of trained male non-asthmatic athletes.
Early pulmonary response to allergen is attenuated during acute emotional stress in females with asthma
Authors: B.L. Laube, B.A. Curbow, S.T. Fitzgerald, K. Spratt
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2003)

Some asthma patients and physicians who treat asthma have reported that stress worsens their disease. It has also recently been shown that chronic stressful life events increase airway inflammation 6–24 h after inhalation of antigen in patients with allergic asthma. However, there is no data regarding the effect of an acute stressor on the airway constriction that occurs within minutes of antigen inhalation (early pulmonary response) in this same population. The aim of this study was to examine this effect in eight females with allergic asthma. Each subject was challenged with increasing concentrations of inhaled allergen on a control visit (no stress) and on a stress visit, when they were asked to verbally recount an emotionally stressful situation between each concentration. Systolic (SP) and diastolic (DP) blood pressure, cardiac frequency (<i>f</i>c) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV<sub>1</sub>) were measured on both visits. SP, DP and <i>f</i>c were statistically increased on the stress visit as compared to control. Per cent decrease in FEV<sub>1</sub> at the same last dose of allergen was significantly less on the stress visit (11.2±7.0%) compared to control (15.0±8.7%). These findings suggest that the early pulmonary response to inhaled allergen is attenuated while verbally re­experiencing an acute emotional stressor in females with allergic asthma.
Limited Capability of Regional Lymph Nodes to Eradicate Metastatic Cancer Cells
Authors: Hiroshi Nagata, Tsunenori Arai, Yusuke Soejima, Hidekazu Suzuki, Hiromasa Ishii, Toshifumi Hibi
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract The capacity of lymph nodes to eradicate cancer is a controversial issue. The purpose of this study was to determine the interplay between tumor growth and host resistance at early stages of lymph node metastasis. A metastasis model was made in the rat mesenteric lymph node, and migration of cancer cells was visualized in vivo. The lymph node was removed for histologic analysis and cytokine measurement. Migrant cancer cells were initially arrested in the marginal sinus. After an initial increase, the number of cancer cells in the marginal sinus declined until 48 hours after inoculation. Germinal centers and lymphoid cells in the medulla proliferated before 48 hours. ED3+ macrophages incorporated apoptotic cancer cells, but significant cancer proliferation occurred after 4 days. Lymph nodes depleted of macrophages were massively invaded by cancer cells. Tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin (IL)-1β in the nodes transiently increased after 1 hour and 3 hours, respectively, and were expressed in ED3+ and ED2+ macrophages, respectively. These changes were followed by a transient increase in IL-2. Interferon-γ and IL-12 did not increase during the early stages of metastasis, but they decreased after 48 hours. In conclusion, the marginal sinus constitutes a mechanical barrier against cancer cell passage. Early pathological manifestations in the regional lymph node are consistent with those in cancer patients with improved survival. Parasinus macrophages play a role in the transient antimetastatic capability of the node, and cytokines secreted by these cells increased at the early stages of metastasis. Deterioration of cytokine induction may be responsible for subsequent cancer proliferation.
A randomised, double-blind, multicentre, parallel-group, prospective study comparing the pharmacokinetics, safety, and efficacy of CT-P13 and innovator infliximab in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: the PLANETAS study
Authors: Won Park, Pawel Hrycaj, Slawomir Jeka, Volodymyr Kovalenko, Grygorii Lysenko, Pedro Miranda, Helena Mikazane, Sergio Gutierrez-Ureña, MieJin Lim, Yeon-Ah Lee, Sang Joon Lee, HoUng Kim, Dae Hyun Yoo, Jürgen Braun
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To compare the pharmacokinetics (PK), safety and efficacy of innovator infliximab (INX) and CT-P13, a biosimilar to INX, in patients with active ankylosing spondylitis (AS). <h3>Methods</h3> Phase 1 randomised, double-blind, multicentre, multinational, parallel-group study. Patients were randomised to receive 5 mg/kg of CT-P13 (n=125) or INX (n=125). Primary endpoints were area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) at steady state and observed maximum steady state serum concentration (C<sub>max,ss</sub>) between weeks 22 and 30. Additional PK, efficacy endpoints, including 20% and 40% improvement response according to Assessment in Ankylosing Spondylitis International Working Group criteria (ASAS20 and ASAS40), and safety outcomes were also assessed. <h3>Results</h3> Geometric mean AUC was 32 765.8 μgh/ml for CT-P13 and 31 359.3 μgh/ml for INX. Geometric mean C<sub>max,ss</sub> was 147.0 μg/ml for CT-P13 and 144.8 μg/ml for INX. The ratio of geometric means was 104.5% (90% CI 94% to 116%) for AUC and 101.5% (90% CI 95% to 109%) for C<sub>max,ss</sub>. ASAS20 and ASAS40 responses at week 30 were 70.5% and 51.8% for CT-P13 and 72.4% and 47.4% for INX, respectively. In the CT-P13 and INX groups more than one adverse event occurred in 64.8% and 63.9% of patients, infusion reactions occurred in 3.9% and 4.9%, active tuberculosis occurred in 1.6% and 0.8%, and 27.4% and 22.5% of patients tested positive for anti-drug antibodies, respectively. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The PK profiles of CT-P13 and INX were equivalent in patients with active AS. CT-P13 was well tolerated, with an efficacy and safety profile comparable to that of INX up to week 30.
Depletion of B cells induces remission of autoimmune hepatitis in mice through reduced antigen presentation and help to T cells
Authors: Kathie Béland, Gabriel Marceau, Agathe Labardy, Sara Bourbonnais, Fernando Alvarez
Journal: Hepatology (2015)

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is known as a T cell–mediated disease. However, AIH patients refractory to conventional treatment have been successfully treated with anti‐CD20‐mediated B‐cell depletion. The aim of this project was to understand the immunological changes underlying the AIH remission caused by B‐cell depletion in an experimental model of AIH. C57BL/6 AIH mice, xenoimmunized with DNA coding for human liver antigens, were treated with a single dose of depleting mouse anti‐CD20 antibody at the peak of liver inflammation. Liver inflammation, alanine aminotransferase levels, chemokine (C‐X‐C) ligand 10 expression, and circulating B‐cell, autoantibody, and total immunoglobulin G levels were monitored following depletion. T‐cell and B‐cell phenotype and function were characterized. Administration of a single dose of anti‐CD20 resulted in a drastic reduction of liver inflammation accompanied by a significant reduction of alanine aminotransferase levels and of proinflammatory chemokine (C‐X‐C) ligand 10 expression. The treatment did not result in significant changes in total immunoglobulin G levels or autoantibodies. There were significantly more naive and less antigen‐experienced CD4 + and CD8 + T cells, and T‐cell proliferation was significantly reduced following anti‐CD20 treatment. B cells served as antigen‐presenting cells to CD4 + T cells. Anti‐CD20 treatment also led to a profound reduction of T follicular helper cells. Conclusion : B cells play an active role in the pathogenesis of AIH in antigen presentation processes and the modulation of T‐cell functions and influence the T follicular helper–cell population; this active role of B cells could explain the success of B‐cell depletion for remission of AIH despite its classification as a T cell–mediated autoimmune liver disease. (H epatology 2015;62:1511–1523)
Ambulatory haemodynamics in patients with COPD
Authors: Maath Alhaddad, Michelle John, Sam Hussain, Charlotte Bolton
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

While clinic-based assessments demonstrate increased resting aortic stiffness using pulse wave velocity (PWV) in patients with COPD compared to controls, there has been little reported on dynamic haemodynamics. We hypothesized that the 24 hour ambulatory haemodynamic and aortic PWV profile between patients and controls would also differ, reflecting increased cardiovascular risk.  Consenting subjects, with and without COPD, all with g10 smoking pack years, were recruited. Dynamic BP and aortic PWV (brachial oscillometry-based Mobil-o-graph® ambulatory blood pressure machine (ABPM)) were assessed over 24 hours. Day- and night-averaged readings were recorded.  Valid dynamic recordings were available in 20 patients and 19 controls, with similar age and % male, see Table. A trend of higher day- and night-averaged aortic PWV was observed in patients than controls, p= 0.17, and 0.07, respectively. Ambulatory BP was similar between groups.  Although seen in controls, pl0.01, there was no significant nocturnal dip in aortic PWV in the patients, p=0.07.  The Mobil-o-graph® ABPM is feasible in this pilot. It offers opportunity to assess the 24 hour profile of haemodynamics including aortic PWV in patients with COPD as opposed to one-off static measurements.