tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 14674: Cardiac Infiltration is an Independent Risk Factor of Poor Survival after Liver Transplantation in Transthyretin Amyloidosis
Authors: Vincent Algalarrondo, Teresa M Antonini, Madalina Dasoveanu, Sylvie Dinanian, Denis Chemla, Abdeslam Bouzeman, Ludivine Eliahou, Armelle Arnoux, Francois Rouzet, David Adams, Didier Samuel, Michel S Slama
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background:  Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (HA-TTR) is an autosomic dominant disease caused by mutated TTR, leading to both polyneuropathy and infiltrative cardiomyopathy. By removing the main source of mutated TTR, liver transplantation (LT) improves patient9s prognosis. Our aim was to document the influence of cardiac and neurological status on survival after LT.   Method:  In HA-TTR patients having been liver-transplanted since 1993 in our French reference center, survival was analyzed by using a multivariate Cox model including age, sex, mutation type and preoperative characteristics including neurological Norris score, relative wall thickness (RWT) measured by echocardiography and invasive intraventricular pressures . ROC curves (5-year survival) were also obtained.   Results:  The present interim analysis included 155 HA-TTR patients (46±13 yrs, 67% Val30Met mutation). During a mean follow-up of 77±56 months, 43 patients died (1-year survival 92±2%, 5-year survival 79±4%, 10-year survival 66±5%). Non survivors were older, mostly males, with less frequent Val30Met mutation, lower Norris score, thicker cardiac walls and higher LV and RV pressures. Multivariate analysis indicated that RWT and Norris score were independent predictors of death (RWT; HR=87, 95%IC: 8-900, P=0.0002; Norris score: HR=0.94, 95%IC: 0.9-0.98, P=0.002) while age, sex and mutation type were not. The 5-year survival following LT was 23±12% for patients with RWT>0.526 and Norris score   Conclusion:  Cardiac infiltration and the severity of polyneuropathy were independent risk factors of poor survival in liver-transplanted patients with HA-TTR.
Bone marrow carcinosis in breast cancer: Clinical presentation, treatment, and prognosis—A single institution review of 22 cases.
Authors: H. Kopp, K. Krauss, T. N. Fehm, A. Staebler, J. Zahm, L. Kanz, F. Mayer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e11514 Background: Development of bone marrow carcinosis (BMC) is a rare event in the course of metastatic breast cancer. There are little data regarding its clinical presentation, prognosis, optimal treatment, and associated complications. We analyzed 22 breast cancer patients (pts) with proven BMC diagnosed at our institution between 1995 and 2009. Methods: The data were gathered from pts' charts after approval of the institutional review board. In view of the limited number of cases, a purely descriptive analysis was performed. BMC was assumed in case of histologic or cytologic evidence of diffuse bone marrow infiltration by carcinomatous cells (17 pts) or in case of appearance of erythroblasts in the peripheral blood smear in pts with otherwise unexplained cytopenia (5 pts). Results: All pts presented with osseous metastases at the time of diagnosis of BMC. Anemia was the most prominent hematologic sign present in 77% followed by thrombocytopenia. Cytotoxic treatment was offered to 95% of pts. The majority showed an improvement of their cytopenias following treatment (10 out of 14 anemic pts, 6 out of 9 thrombocytopenic pts, all 4 leukopenic pts). The complication rate was acceptable with only 5 grade 3 or 4 events related to cytopenias (febrile neutropenia, bleeding). Estimated median overall survival from the date of BMC diagnosis was 19 months. After 4 years, 20% of the pts were still alive. Conclusions: We conclude that bone marrow carcinosis in breast cancer has to be considered in particular in pts with bone metastases and otherwise unexplained cytopenia. The peripheral blood smear can serve as a simple diagnostic tool. Cytopenia should not prevent from treating these pts even with aggressive combination regimens, as improvement of marrow function can be achieved in the majority of pts and long lasting survival is possible. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
<i>Helicobacter pylori</i>activates the TLR2/NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-18 axis to induce regulatory T-cells, establish persistent infection and promote tolerance to allergens
Authors: Katrin N Koch, Anne Müller
Journal: Gut Microbes (2015)

The Gram-negative bacterium Helicobacter pylori is both a normal constituent of the human gastric microbiota as well as a pathogen tightly associated with severe gastric disorders. The ability of H. pylori to activate the inflammasome and caspase-1 in antigen-presenting and other cells, and the resulting processing and release of caspase-1-dependent cytokines, impacts both the immunomodulatory and pathogenic activities of H. pylori. This article summarizes recent insights by us and others on the bacterial and host prerequisites of inflammasome activation. H. pylori predominantly activates the NLRP3 inflammasome through a process that requires TLR2-dependent licensing. We identified the urease enzyme, a colonization determinant known to be required for acid adaptation, as critically required for activation of the TLR2/NLRP3/caspase-1 axis. The phenotypes of urease mutants, as well as mouse strains defective for TLR2 or NLRP3, are discussed with respect to their ability to support persistent colonization, immune tolerance and immunity to H. pylori.
Bedside Ultrasonography for Diagnosis of Septic Shock—Reply
Authors: Christopher W. Seymour, Matthew R. Rosengart
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
An RT-PCR-based multi-gene prognostic signature predicts distant metastasis of node negative, ER positive breast cancer from FFPE sections
Authors: K. F. Lau, A. Wang, K. Chew, H. Dai, T. Hastie, B. Brandt, F. Waldman, J. Sninsky
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

506 Background: Gene expression profiles have been shown to predict distant metastasis risk in breast cancer patients. For routine medical practice, molecular prognostic tests need to be able to quantify metastasis risk with readily available samples and optimally employ regulatory-approved platforms. Methods: 142 early stage, N-, ER+, untreated breast cancer patients were chosen. Mean age was 61.8 (31 - 89) yrs with 72% &gt; 55 yrs. RNA was isolated from 4×10 μm FFPE sections. Using real-time RT-PCR, 200 genes selected from van ‘t Veer et al, Dai et al, Paik et al and additional candidate genes were profiled. Primary endpoint was distant metastasis free survival. A prognostic signature was identified using semi-supervised principal component method. Metastasis score (MS) was calculated from gene expression levels. Results: We identified a unique 15-gene prognostic signature and 3 normalization genes. Probability of metastasis for any time period can be calculated from MS and was evaluated for 2, 5, and 10 yrs. Using median of MS to stratify patients, the high-risk group had a hazard ratio (HR) of 4.1 (95%CI 1.77–9.54, p = 0.001) vs. the low-risk group. 5-yr and 10-yr metastasis free survival rates (std. error) were 0.76 (0.053) and 0.62 (0.064) in the high-risk group and 0.96 (0.025) and 0.90 (0.038) in the low-risk group. Multivariate Cox regression analyses indicated that molecular signature had independent prognostic value with HR of 2.97 (95%CI 1.17 - 7.52, p = 0.022) after adjusting for age, tumor size and grade. Molecular signature was more prognostic in the low-grade subgroup (HR = 6.85, 95%CI 1.81–25.88) than an unstratified analysis. AUC at 5 yr was 0.65 and 0.60 for molecular signature and Adjuvant Online (AO) respectively. The prognosticator combining both had AUC of 0.67. 10-yr metastasis probabilities from MS and AO have low correlation (R 2 =0.17). Conclusions: A prognostic signature based upon mRNA expression of 15 genes has been identified using FFPE sections with RT-PCR for early stage, N-, ER+ patients. Metastasis score that quantifies distant metastasis risk for any time period, not confounded with any treatment effect, can help clinicians and patients to choose among different therapeutic options. (Lau and Wang contribute equally) [Table: see text]
Do we follow the national guidelines for ICD (intercostal chest drain) insertion: A study in a district general hospital (DGH) in East of England
Authors: Venu Sirpa, Y. Htwe, K. Falzon, Subramani Durairaj
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Aim:  To determine the compliance of ICD insertion in accordance with 2003 British Thoracic Society (BTS) guidelines.   Methodology:  Retrospective analysis of all the ICDs inserted from Oct 09 to Feb 10 at a DGH in Norfolk, UK. We analysed the indications, seniority of the person performing the procedure, consent obtained, analgesia and complications encountered.   Results:  28 Patients underwent ICD insertion.The indication for ICD insertion was non malignant effusion in 43% (12), pneumothorax in 32% (9) and malignant pleural effusion in 25% (7). The ICD was performed by SpR in 36% (10),SHO in 28% (8) and F1in 36% (10). Consent was obtained verbally in 47% (13), in writing in 32% (9) and not recorded in 21% (6). Ultrasound guidance was utilized in choosing the site of insertion in only 21% (6). All the patients 100% (28) had check CXR done following the ICD insertion. 75% (21) of the patients were given pre procedure analgesia.The ICDs were complicated by surgical emphysema in 11% (3) and pneumothorax in 11% (3). ICD was reinserted in 18% (5) as the tube fell out accidentally. No major complications of ICD were encountered.   Conclusion:  BTS standards were achieved suboptimally in obtaining the written consent and poorly in utilization of ultrasound for ICD insertion. Most of the ICDs were inserted by the seniors or under their supervision therefore we proved the complication rate is lower and in accordance with the BTS standards. Education of the BTS guidelines to the junior staff and utilization of ultrasound will improve the safety of the procedure. We will reaudit after increasing the usage of the ultrasound for ICD insertion hoping to find better results.
Twelve-Month Estrogen Levels in Premenopausal Women With Hormone Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer Receiving Adjuvant Triptorelin Plus Exemestane or Tamoxifen in the Suppression of Ovarian Function Trial (SOFT): The SOFT-EST Substudy
Authors: Meritxell Bellet, Kathryn P. Gray, Prudence A. Francis, István Láng, Eva Ciruelos, Ana Lluch, Miguel Angel Climent, Gustavo Catalán, Antoni Avella, Uriel Bohn, Antonio González-Martin, Roser Ferrer, Roberto Catalán, Analía Azaro, Agnita Rajasekaran, Josefa Morales, Josep Vázquez, Gini F. Fleming, Karen N. Price, Meredith M. Regan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

To describe estradiol (E2), estrone (E1), and estrone sulfate (E1S) levels during the first year of monthly triptorelin plus exemestane or tamoxifen and to assess possible suboptimal suppression while receiving exemestane plus triptorelin.Premenopausal patients with early breast cancer on the Suppression of Ovarian Function Trial who selected triptorelin as the ovarian suppression method and were randomly assigned to exemestane plus triptorelin or tamoxifen plus triptorelin were enrolled until the target population of 120 patients was reached. Blood sampling time points were 0, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, and 48 months. Serum estrogens were measured with a highly sensitive and specific assay. This preplanned 12-month analysis evaluated E2, E1, E1S, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone levels in all patients and the proportion of patients with E2 levels greater than 2.72 pg/mL at any time point during treatment with exemestane plus triptorelin.One hundred sixteen patients (exemestane, n = 86; tamoxifen, n = 30; median age, 44 years; median E2, 51 pg/mL; 55% prior chemotherapy) started triptorelin and had one or more samples drawn. With exemestane plus triptorelin, median reductions from baseline E2, E1, and E1S levels were consistently ≥ 95%, resulting in significantly lower levels than with tamoxifen plus triptorelin at all time points. Among patients on exemestane plus triptorelin, 25%, 24%, and 17% had an E2 level greater than 2.72 pg/mL at 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively. Baseline factors related to on-treatment E2 level greater than 2.72 pg/mL were no prior chemotherapy (P = .06), higher body mass index (P = .05), and lower follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone (each P < .01).During the first year, most patients on exemestane plus triptorelin had E2 levels below the defined threshold of 2.72 pg/mL, consistent with levels reported in postmenopausal patients on aromatase inhibitors, but at each time point, at least 17% of patients had levels greater than the threshold.
Abstract P2-14-04: Is the combination of fat grafts and platelet rich plasma effective and safe? An experimental study in rats
Authors: Ruffo Freitas-Junior, Alexandre R Blumenschein, Marise AR Moreira, Maria-Auxiliadora PC Cysneiros, Roseana N Pereira
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Autologous fat grafts and lipofilling can be used for breast reconstruction after breast conserving therapy. Fat is considered an ideal filler because of its low cost, ease of harvest, abundance in the human body and low immunogenic and allergic reaction due to its autologous nature. Platelet rich plasma (PRP) is a plasma fraction, with platelet count above baseline, generally obtained via centrifugation of blood. PRP theoretically promotes tissue regeneration due to fact that it concentrates a greater amount of growth factors essential in the process of tissue regeneration and neovascularization. This paper aims to examine if the association of fat grafts and PRP improves graft viability in female rats, through an experimental, randomized and blinded study, which involved 47 animals. These animals underwent fat graft harvest from their inguinal fat deposits and fat grafting subcutaneously to their cranial region. In 22 animals the fat graft was mixed with PRP and in 25 the fat was grafted by itself. After a 100 day period, the animals were sacrificed and the fat grafts were analyzed using scores from 0 (absent) to 4 (abundant), in optical microscopy by two independent and blinded pathologists, by means of the following variables: fat graft cell viability, fat necrosis, tissue inflammation and fibrosis. Regarding fat graft cell viability, the PRP group scored moderate/abundant in 63% of the cases and the fat graft only group scored absent/slight in 72% of the cases (p&amp;lt;0.05). The PRP group presented lower fat necrosis scores and lower tissue inflammation scores when compared to the fat graft only group (p&amp;lt;0.05). The presence of tissue fibrosis was rarely observed in both groups. Tumors (dermoid cysts) within the fat grafts were observed in 3 animals in which the grafts were mixed with PRP. It is concluded that PRP improves the viability and integration of fat grafts in rats, but more studies are needed to fully understand the exact mechanisms that lead to this improvement and assess the safety of the method for use in humans. Citation Format: Ruffo Freitas-Junior, Alexandre R Blumenschein, Marise AR Moreira, Maria-Auxiliadora PC Cysneiros, Roseana N Pereira. Is the combination of fat grafts and platelet rich plasma effective and safe? An experimental study in rats [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-14-04.
Abstract 11279: Heart Type Fatty Acid-Binding Protein is a Factor for Predicting Concomitant Presence of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients With Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
Authors: Akira Funayama, Tetsu Watanabe, Yoichiro Otaki, Satoshi Nishiyama, Hiroki Takahashi, Takanori Arimoto, Tetsuro Shishido, Takuya Miyamoto, Isao Kubota
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is not unusual to find such aneurysms accompanied by coronary artery disease (CAD). However, no risk factors that allow the prediction of accompanying CAD among AAA patients have yet been identified. Heart type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) is available as indicators of myocardial damage. Recent reports suggest that H-FABP can be a factor for predicting the severity and prognosis in patients with CAD. This study dissected AAA cases and considered whether H-FABP may be a predictive factor in the concomitant presence of CAD. Methods: The study focused on 90 patients awaiting surgery for AAA, who underwent coronary angiography examinations for the purpose of undergoing the detailed examination of the coronary artery. H-FABP and a range of other blood sampling markers were measured, and the patients were divided into groups according to the concomitant presence of CAD. Results: Forty cases tested positive for CAD. The H-FABP of the CAD group was compared wit...
Competing Actions of Type 1 Angiotensin II Receptors Expressed on T Lymphocytes and Kidney Epithelium during Cisplatin-Induced AKI
Authors: Jiandong Zhang, Nathan P. Rudemiller, Mehul B. Patel, QingQing Wei, Norah S. Karlovich, Alexander D. Jeffs, Min Wu, Matthew A. Sparks, Jamie R. Privratsky, Marcela Herrera, Susan B. Gurley, Sergei A. Nedospasov, Steven D. Crowley
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2016)

Inappropriate activation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) contributes to many CKDs. However, the role of the RAS in modulating AKI requires elucidation, particularly because stimulating type 1 angiotensin II (AT 1 ) receptors in the kidney or circulating inflammatory cells can have opposing effects on the generation of inflammatory mediators that underpin the pathogenesis of AKI. For example, TNF- α is a fundamental driver of cisplatin nephrotoxicity, and generation of TNF- α is suppressed or enhanced by AT 1 receptor signaling in T lymphocytes or the distal nephron, respectively. In this study, cell tracking experiments with CD4-Cre mT/mG reporter mice revealed robust infiltration of T lymphocytes into the kidney after cisplatin injection. Notably, knockout of AT 1 receptors on T lymphocytes exacerbated the severity of cisplatin-induced AKI and enhanced the cisplatin-induced increase in TNF- α levels locally within the kidney and in the systemic circulation. In contrast, knockout of AT 1 receptors on kidney epithelial cells ameliorated the severity of AKI and suppressed local and systemic TNF- α production induced by cisplatin. Finally, disrupting TNF- α production specifically within the renal tubular epithelium attenuated the AKI and the increase in circulating TNF- α levels induced by cisplatin. These results illustrate discrepant tissue–specific effects of RAS stimulation on cisplatin nephrotoxicity and raise the concern that inflammatory mediators produced by renal parenchymal cells may influence the function of remote organs by altering systemic cytokine levels. Our findings suggest selective inhibition of AT 1 receptors within the nephron as a promising intervention for protecting patients from cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.
Two adhesion molecules: New serological diagnostic breast cancer biomarkers
Authors: Vathany Kulasingam, Eleftherios Diamandis
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

AACR Annual Meeting-- Apr 12-16, 2008; San Diego, CA

4437 

The discovery of new serological breast cancer biomarkers that are suitable for early disease diagnosis may ultimately lead to improved patient management and outcomes. Unfortunately, other than definitive diagnosis by biopsy and histopathology, no diagnostic or screening test is presently suitable for early detection of breast cancer. Newer methods with improved sensitivity and specificity are clearly needed to identify women with early stage breast cancer. We have previously performed a proteomic analysis of the conditioned media of breast cancer cell lines to yield a number of promising candidate markers. In this study, we measured, by immunoassays, human activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) and B-cell adhesion molecule (BCAM) concentrations in serum of apparently healthy women and women with breast cancer. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of these tests were calculated and compared to those of the classical breast tumor marker CA 15-3. For ALCAM, at 90% specificity, the sensitivity for breast cancer diagnosis (all stages) was 91% whereas for BCAM at 90% specificity, the sensitivity for breast cancer diagnosis (all stages) was 34%. More importantly, at 90% specificity for ALCAM, the sensitivity of the test for breast cancer diagnosis in cancer patients where CA 15-3 is normal (<30 units/mL) was 78%, illustrating that ALCAM can identify a considerable number of patients who will be missed by CA 15-3 testing. We conclude that serum ALCAM and/or BCAM concentrations appear to be new biomarkers for breast cancer and may have value for disease diagnosis. The combined analysis of these novel biomarkers plus CA 15-3 and the development of a multivariate statistical model may lead to a superior clinical tool in comparison to currently used individual markers such as CA 15-3.
Ischemia-Modified Albumin Levels in Patients with Acute Decompensated Heart Failure Treated with Dobutamine or Levosimendan: IMA-HF Study
Authors: Yüksel Çavuşoğlu, Sule Korkmaz, Selda Demirtaş, Erkan Gencer, Hatice Sasmaz, Fezan Mutlu, Mehmet Birhan Yilmaz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Addition of Lenalidomide (LEN) to Azacitidine (AZA) (Combined vs Sequential Treatment) in High-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS): A Randomized Phase II Multicenter Study
Authors: Carlo Finelli, Cristina Clissa, Matilde Y Follo, Marta Stanzani, Paolo Avanzini, Costanza Bosi, Barbara Castagnari, Anna Candoni, Monica Crugnola, Maria Benedetta Giannini, Marco Gobbi, Giovanna Leonardi, Gian Matteo Rigolin, Patrizia Tosi, Giuseppe Visani, Lucio Cocco, Michele Cavo, Domenico Russo
Journal: Blood (2014)