tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Expressed emotion, perceived criticism, and relapse in depression: a replication in an Egyptian community
Authors: A Okasha, A S el Akabawi, K S Snyder, A K Wilson, I Youssef, A S el Dawla
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

The aims of this study were to determine the value of families' expressed emotion and patients' perception of family criticism in predicting relapse in Egyptian depressed patients and to evaluate transcultural differences in assessment of these measures.The subjects were 32 consecutive depressed patients from psychiatric clinics in Cairo and Ismailia, Egypt, who fulfilled the DSM-III-R criteria for major depression or bipolar disorder. An Arabic version of the Camberwell Family Interview was administered to key relatives of the depressed patients. Rating of expressed emotion was performed blindly by a qualified rater to assess levels of criticism, hostility, emotional overinvolvement, warmth, and positive remarks. Patient perception of family criticism (perceived criticism) was also assessed. All patients were followed up for 9 months to assess relapse and compliance with treatment.The relation of family criticism to relapse was statistically significant. Although this result replicates previous findings, the criticism level that best differentiated relapsers and nonrelapsers was a score of 7, which is much higher than previously reported in Western studies. This relation was not observed for other expressed emotion components. Also, no association between perceived criticism and relapse was detected.Expressed emotion is a prognostic factor that should be assessed with consideration of the specific culture and intrafamilial patterns. The use of perceived criticism in the prediction of relapse in depression is questionable. There is a need for a simplified, less time-consuming assessment tool that takes cross-cultural differences and specificities into consideration.
The global TRUST study of erlotinib in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: H. Groen, O. G. Arrieta, H. Riska, K. Horwood, P. Mali, M. Reck
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

19000 Background: Erlotinib significantly improved survival and quality of life while delaying symptom progression compared with placebo in patients (pts) with relapsed NSCLC (Shepherd et al, N Engl J Med 2005;353:123–32). An open-label, non-randomized global study (TRUST) was initiated for pts with advanced NSCLC. Methods: Pts with stage IIIB/IV NSCLC were eligible if they had failed on or were unsuitable for chemo-/radiotherapy. Oral erlotinib 150mg/d was given until progression or unacceptable toxicity. Results: As of October 2007, data were available for 6708 (95%) of 7043 pts registered in TRUST, with a median age of 63y (range 19–95). Baseline characteristics (%) were: male/female 61/39; Caucasian/Oriental/other 73/20/7; non-smoker/ex- or current-smoker/no data 30/69/<1; ECOG PS 0/1/2/3/no data 22/52/19/6/<1; adenocarcinoma/squamous-cell/other 55/24/21; stage IIIB/IV 22/78; erlotinib 1st/2nd/3rd-line/other 14/49/37/<1. Data on best tumor response were available for 5448 pts: 44 (<1%) had a CR, 642 (12%) had a PR and 3063 (56%) had SD (disease control rate [DCR = CR+PR+SD] = 69%). Median PFS according to RECIST was 14.1 wks (95% CI 13.3–14.9; n=6693). Overall survival data are not yet mature. Of 6267 pts for whom safety data were available, 52% had at least one adverse event (AE) of any cause and 11% had at least one erlotinib-related event other than the 15 most frequently occurring pre-specified in the protocol. Only 4% had ≥1 erlotinib-related serious AE, of which the most common was diarrhea (1%). Treatment was discontinued due to erlotinib-related AEs in 5% of pts, predominantly due to rash (n=102 all gr; n=60 gr 3/4) or diarrhea (n=74 all gr; n=42 gr 3/4). Erlotinib-related rash was observed in 70% of pts: the majority (83%) of these cases were gr 1/2. Updated overall efficacy results will be presented. Conclusions: These data from >6000 pts in the routine clinical setting are consistent with the positive results from the BR.21 study and confirm that erlotinib is an effective and well-tolerated option for pts with advanced NSCLC. Further analyses regarding specific subgroups and potential biomarkers for erlotinib will be presented separately. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Boehringer Ingelheim, Hoffmann-La Roche, Lilly Bayer HealthCare, Boehringer Ingelheim, Hoffmann-La Roche, Lilly Roche, Roche Netherlands Roche Roche
Medical Ethics
Authors: Robert M. Tenery
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
SURG-22SIGNIFICANCE OF MULTIMODAL ASSISTANT SYSTEMS FOR SURGERY OF GLIOBLASTOMA LOCATED IN ELOQUENT AREAS IN THE OUTCOME OF PATIENTS
Authors: Takanori Ohnishi, Shohei Kohno, Daisuke Yamashita, Satoshi Suehiro, Shiro Ohue
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

BACKGROUND: A goal of malignant glioma surgery is to maximally resect the tumor without neurological deficits. For doing so, multimodal assistant systems are essential, but their usefulness in the prognosis of the patients with glioblastomas (GB) at the eloquent areas (EA) is disputed. To clarify significance of multimodal assistant systems in glioma surgery, we investigated a resection rate, Karnofsky performance status (KPS), and survival in the patients with GB at the EA by comparing with those in the patients with GB at the non-EA. METHODS: Adult 74 patients with hemispheric GB who were received the tumor resection and followed by radio-chemotherapy (Stupp regimen) were enrolled in the study. Among these, 25 patients (34%) were GB in the EA (EA group) and 49 patients (66%) were GB in the non-EA (non-EA group). Multimodal assistant systems consisted of image-guided navigation, 5ALA-fluorescence visualization, and cortical/subcortical electrostimulation. Tumor resection rate, KPS, and survival (PFS, OS) in EA and non-EA groups were evaluated. RESULTS: Resection rates of EA group and non-EA group were 92.2% and 93%, respectively. In the EA group, KPS decreased a little 1 week after surgery, but returned to the preoperative level 1month after surgery. Both PFS and OS showed no significant difference between EA and non-EA groups (8.9M vs 10.4M, 14.3M vs 19.2M). In both EA and non-EA, resection rate greater than 95% showed significantly longer survival than partial resection. CONCLUSION: Multimodal assistant systems for glioma surgery was effective in the high resection rate of the tumor in the EA, resulting in longer survival of the patients with keeping their quality of life.
New Zealand's system has much to offer
Authors: T H Turner
Journal: BMJ (1995)

the percentage of appeals could be much higher than that found in Oxfordshire.The methodology in Bradley and colleagues' study is well thought through and easy to follow.Interestingly, however, they interviewed their patients on day 13 of the section.If these subjects had been interviewed at an earlier stage of their admission the results might have been different as the subjects' mental state would have been different and would have affected their concentra- tion, initiative, and response rate.Also, the sample was skewed as 40% of the initial sample was excluded.The authors' conclusions may not be fully justified.This is especially so as only four of the 28 subjects whom they interviewed subsequently appealed against their section.Recently, Blumental and Wesley found that the cost of mental health tribunals had risen considerably; they claimed that about £12m is spent annually in tribunals.2Despite these costs it is important to protect the civil liberties of patients.One way forward would be to carry out further audits in other districts and analyse ways of improving the rates of appeal.The Mental Health Commission could take a leading role in coordinating this.
IMGN779, a CD33-Targeted Antibody-Drug Conjugate (ADC) with a Novel DNA-Alkylating Effector Molecule, Induces DNA Damage, Cell Cycle Arrest, and Apoptosis in AML Cells
Authors: Watkins M Krystal, Russell Walker, Nathan Fishkin, Charlene Audette, Yelena Kovtun, Angela Romanelli
Journal: Blood (2015)
Waldenströms Macroglobulinemia Cell Lines Display Differential Surface Molecule Expression Reflecting Variability In Disease Biology and Potential Impact Of Therapeutic Stress
Authors: Kasyapa S. Chitta, Sharoon Akhtar, Maja Kuranz, Paul K. Wallace, Sikander Ailawadhi, Kena Miller, Candido E. Rivera, Gerardo Colon-Otero, Vivek Roy, Stephen M Ansell, Anne J. Novak, Peter Martin, Morton Coleman, Asher Chanan-Khan
Journal: Blood (2013)
Dermatological toxicities of panitumumab in the treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) from three clinical studies
Authors: D. A. Drelich, L. Rose, M. Ramirez, M. Jacobs, E. Mitchell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

14551 Introduction: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFr) expression in CRC is associated with metastatic potential and poor prognosis. Panitumumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody against EGFr, was approved for the treatment of patients with refractory mCRC. The main side effects of panitumumab include dermatological manifestations that have been termed “rash”. However, classification of the dermatological manifestations has not been clearly described. Methods: We summarized the dermatological manifestations of 19 patients from 3 clinical studies investigating the the safety and efficacy of panitumumab monotherapy in mCRC in a single institution. Two of these studies were open lable, phase 2 in design which enrolled patients with documented disease progression (PD) during or after adequate doses of fluoropyrimidine, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin chemotherapy. In the other panitumumab was given in combination with irinotecan or oxaliplatin with bevacuzumab, 5FU, and leucovorin. Pts received panitumumab at 6mg/kg Q2W until PD or intolerability. Skin assessments were made q2w. Results: Five patients were men (26%) and 14 (73%) women; 12 were Caucasian (63%) and 7 (36%) African American. The median age was 53 (Range 38–80). Tumor response, disease control, and skin manifestations did not correlate with tumor EGFr levels as assessed by immunohisxtochemistry (Dako EGFR pharmDx tm ). No enhancement of skin toxicity was observed when panitumumab was combined with chemotherapy. The median number of cycles received was 11 (Range 3–20). All pts experienced erythema; 17 macular/papular; 13 pustular; 18 acneiform rash; 15 pruritis; 3 honey crusting; 15 dry/flaking; 11 paronychia; 9 hirsuitism; 9 trichomegaly; and all 7 African American patients had significant hyperpigmentation. Photograph illustrations of each category and severity will be presented. Conclusion: Rash associated with panitumumab is common and can be classified according to the clinical dermatological manifestations; specific treatment strategies should be developed and evaluated accordingly. This is the first report of hirsuitism in women and hyperpigmentation in African Americans. [Table: see text]
Anal Carcinoma Therapy: Can We Improve on 5-Fluorouracil/Mitomycin/Radiotherapy?
Authors: Yixing Jiang, Heath Mackley, Hua Cheng, Jaffer A. Ajani
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2010)

Use of definitive chemoradiation as primary therapy for locoregional squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal has been the standard approach in the United States since the 1980s. Over the past several years, phase III studies have shown that combination mitomycin C (MMC) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) concurrent with radiotherapy had better outcomes than radiotherapy alone or 5-FU with radiotherapy. Two recent phase III studies using diverse treatment strategies showed that cisplatin and 5-FU were not superior to 5-FU and MMC; in one of the trials, use of cisplatin-based chemoradiation resulted in a higher rate of colostomy compared with mitomycin-based chemoradiation. MMC and 5-FU concurrent with radiotherapy remains standard care. Further improvement is likely depending on an increased understanding of the molecular biology of anal carcinoma and the addition of relevant biologic agents to chemoradiation to overcome chemoradiation resistance.
US researchers blocked from testing Cuban drug
Authors: Jeanne Lenzer
Journal: BMJ (2016)

The ongoing US blockade of Cuba is preventing US researchers from studying a drug they say is highly promising and could reduce the need for amputations caused by diabetic foot ulcers.

The drug, human recombinant epidermal growth factor (hrEGF), sold as Heberprot-P, was developed by Cuban researchers at the Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology in Havana. Cuban doctors say it has dramatically improved granulation of intractable diabetic foot ulcers.

Randomised placebo controlled trials of patients with Wagner grade 3-4 diabetic foot ulcers found that injections of hrEGF at 75 µg, three times per week, led to absolute risk …
17D yellow fever vaccine elicits comparable long-term immune responses in healthy individuals and immune-compromised patients
Authors: R.W. Wieten, A. Goorhuis, E.F.F. Jonker, G.J. de Bree, A.W. de Visser, P.J.J. van Genderen, E.B.M. Remmerswaal, I.J.M. ten Berge, L.G. Visser, M.P. Grobusch, E.M.M. van Leeuwen
Journal: Journal of Infection (2016)
Abstract 10: The Intrathoracic Pressure Regulator Improves Hemodynamics and 24-Hour Survival in a Pediatric Porcine Model of Severe Hemorrhagic Shock
Authors: Anja Metzger, Tim Matsuura, Scott McKnite, Bradley Marino, Vinay Nadkarni, Keith Lurie, Demetris Yannopoulos
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Hemorrhagic shock is a common cause of mortality and morbidity in the pediatric population. A new device, the intrathoracic pressure regulator (ITPR), lowers intrathoracic pressure (ITP...
Modified percutaneous assisted transprosthetic endoscopic therapy for transgastric ERCP in a gastric bypass patient
Authors: Ryan Law, Ian Grimm, Todd Baron
Journal: Endoscopy (2016)

A 67-year-old woman with history of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass presented for management of acute cholangitis. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) demonstrated extrahepatic bile duct dilatation. The results of her liver chemistry tests were aspartate aminotransferase (AST) 156 IU/L, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) 182 IU/L, total bilirubin 2.6 mg/dL, and alkaline phosphatase 319 IU/L. The patient underwent transgastric endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) using a modified technique merging percutaneous assisted transprosthetic endoscopic therapy (PATENT) [1] and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided sutured gastropexy for transgastric ERCP (ESTER) [2] ([Video 1]).
A5.13 Power-doppler ultrasound assessment of the joint-draining lymph node complex in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: F Benaglio, B Vitolo, C Bortolotto, F Zibera, M Todoerti, S Bugatti, F Calliada, R Caporali, C Montecucco, A Manzo
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

<h3>Background and objectives</h3> The afferent lymphatic system and the draining lymph node (LN)act as complementary check-points through progressive steps of the inflammatory and resolution processes. We have previously shown in a proof-of-concept study that LN Power Doppler ultrasound (PDUS) allows detection of qualitative changes in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study we developed a quantification approach for PDUS assessment of the inflammatory node and investigated its clinical and pathologic significance. <h3>Materials and methods</h3> Forty RA patients refractory to conventional DMARDs were evaluated through complete clinical and PDUS examination in hands/wrists and axillary LN. Twenty healthy individuals were recruited as controls. Thirty-one patients starting anti-TNF treatment were followed-up prospectively at weeks 4 and 24. Axillary LN were investigated by digital image analysis and semi-quantitatively focusing on volumetric measures, vascular perfusion and micro-structure of the lymphocyte-rich cortex. Patient-related US indices for each parameter were constructed for correlative, response-to-treatment and predictive analyses. <h3>Results</h3> LN perfusion and morpho-structural features demonstrated specific quantitative increase in RA LN leading to distinct sonotypes differentiating patients from controls. LN PDUS parameters showed however a high degree of heterogeneity with values exceeding the threshold of controls restricted to 42.5% of the cases. No differences in LN status were observed in relation to autoantibody positivity. LN indices showed instead a link with peripheral joint inflammation as inferred by the significant correlation (at systemic and ipsilateral level) between LN and peripheral joint PD (r = 0.35, p = 0.03). At week 24, 61.3% of the patients were EULAR responders. Patients with different treatment outcomes did not show any significant difference in baseline clinical features and joint US. In contrast, the LN PD index was significantly lower in non-responders (median [IQR] 0 [0–0.5] vs 2 [1–4.75], p = 0.007). Lack of changes of LN PD above the threshold of controls (PD index≤2) was the only predictor of failure to achieve response with an OR of 9.9 (p = 0.04). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Synchronised and longitudinal PDUS monitoring of joint inflammation and LN reactivity is an achievable goal in patients with RA. Lack of draining LN involvement in patients with active disease seems to associate with a less favourable anti-TNF treatment response.
Influenza leaves a TRAIL to pulmonary edema
Authors: Rena Brauer, Peter Chen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2016)

Influenza infection can cause acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), leading to poor disease outcome with high mortality. One of the driving features in the pathogenesis of ARDS is the accumulation of fluid in the alveoli, which causes severe pulmonary edema and impaired oxygen uptake. In this issue of the JCI, Peteranderl and colleagues define a paracrine communication between macrophages and type II alveolar epithelial cells during influenza infection where IFNα induces macrophage secretion of TRAIL that causes endocytosis of Na,K-ATPase by the alveolar epithelium. This reduction of Na,K-ATPase expression decreases alveolar fluid clearance, which in turn leads to pulmonary edema. Inhibition of the TRAIL signaling pathway has been shown to improve lung injury after influenza infection, and future studies will be needed to determine if blocking this pathway is a viable option in the treatment of ARDS.
Assessment of corticosteroid (CS)-associated adverse events (AEs) with long-term (LT) exposure to low-dose prednisone (P) given with abiraterone acetate (AA) to metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients (Pts).
Authors: Karim Fizazi, Kim N. Chi, Johann Sebastian De Bono, Leonard G. Gomella, Kurt Miller, Dana E. Rathkopf, Charles J. Ryan, Howard I. Scher, Neal D. Shore, Peter De Porre, Anil Londhe, Tracy McGowan, Nonko Pehlivanov, Robert Louis Charnas, Mary Beth Todd, Robert B. Montgomery
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

169 Background: AA is the prodrug of abiraterone, which inhibits CYP17A1 and testosterone synthesis and prolongs survival of mCRPC pts. A low dose of P is given when AA is administered to mCRPC pts. LT use of moderate-/high-dose CS has an established AE profile. We investigated whether LT use of low-dose P with or without AA led to CS-associated AEs. Methods: 2,267 mCRPC pts in COU-AA-301 and COU-AA-302 received 5 mg bid P, representing 2,006 pt-yrs of P exposure. 1,333 pts received AA + P. We utilized an inclusive Standardized MedDRA Queries–oriented approach to identify 112 preferred terms for known CS-associated AEs from both databases. CS-associated AEs during 3-mo exposure intervals and across all exposure to P were assessed. Results: The overall incidence of CS-associated AEs for any P exposure was 25%, 26%, and 23% for all pts, AA + P, and P alone, respectively. The incidence of grade ≥ 3 CS-associated AEs with any P exposure was 5%, 5%, and 4% for all pts, AA + P, and P alone, respectively. The most common grade ≥ 3 CS-associated AEs occurring in ≥ 0.1% of all pts were hyperglycemia (2%), cataract (0.4%), diabetes mellitus (0.4%), gastrointestinal hemorrhage (0.3%), adrenal insufficiency (0.1%), hip fracture (0.1%), melena (0.1%), and spinal osteoporotic compression fracture (0.1%). The overall incidence of weight increase (grade 1/2 only) was 4%, 4%, and 5% for all pts, AA + P, and P alone, respectively. Most were grade 1 (3.4%).When assessed by duration of exposure (3-mo intervals up to ≥30 mo), grade ≥ 3 CS-associated AEs fluctuated between 1% and 2%, but no discernable trend was observed. The observed change in weight from baseline showed no apparent increase over time. Conclusions: With over 2,000 pt-yrs of exposure, low-dose P given with or without AA is associated with an overall low incidence of CS-associated AEs. The frequencies of CS-associated AEs were low with increased duration of exposure to P. Clinical trial information: NCT00638690 , NCT00887198 .
An Ontario Clinical Oncology Group (OCOG) randomized controlled trial (RCT) assessing FDG PET/CT in resectable liver colorectal adenocarcinoma metastases (CAM).
Authors: C. Moulton, M. N. Levine, C. Law, R. Hart, L. Ruo, C. Gu, A. Hendler, K. Y. Gulenchyn, M. A. Haider, M. Marcaccio, V. Tandan, D. Quan, D. Jalink, R. Fairfull Smith, S. Hanna, P. D. Greig, M. Husien, T. Finch, J. A. Julian, S. Gallinger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

3520
Pharyngeal carriage of Neisseria species in the African meningitis belt
Authors: Kanny Diallo, Caroline Trotter, Youssouf Timbine, Boubou Tamboura, Samba O. Sow, Bassira Issaka, Ibrahim D. Dano, Jean-Marc Collard, Marietou Dieng, Aldiouma Diallo, Adane Mihret, Oumer A. Ali, Abraham Aseffa, Stephen L. Quaye, Akalifa Bugri, Isaac Osei, Kadidja Gamougam, Lodoum Mbainadji, Doumagoum M. Daugla, Galadima Gadzama, Zailani B. Sambo, Babatunji A. Omotara, Julia S. Bennett, Lisa S. Rebbetts, Eleanor R. Watkins, Maria Nascimento, Arouna Woukeu, Olivier Manigart, Ray Borrow, James M. Stuart, Brian M. Greenwood, Martin C.J. Maiden
Journal: Journal of Infection (2016)