tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Eating disorders in males: a report on 135 patients
Authors: D J Carlat, C A Camargo, D B Herzog
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1997)

The goal of this study was to better understand the etiology, clinical characteristics, and prognosis of eating disorders in males.All males with eating disorders who had been treated at Massachusetts General Hospital from Jan. 1, 1980, to Dec. 31, 1994, were identified. Hospital charts and psychiatric departmental records were reviewed to verify that the eating disorders met DSM-IV criteria and to abstract demographic and clinical data.One hundred thirty-five males with eating disorders were identified, of whom 62 (46%) were bulimic, 30 (22%) were anorexic, and 43 (32%) met criteria for an eating disorder not otherwise specified. There were marked differences in sexual orientation by diagnostic group; 42% of the male bulimic patients were identified as either homosexual or bisexual, and 58% of the anorexic patients were identified as asexual. Comorbid psychiatric disorders were common, particularly major depressive disorder (54% of all patients), substance abuse (37%), and personality disorder (26%). Many patients had a family history of affective disorder (29%) or alcoholism (37%).While most characteristics of males and females with eating disorders are similar, homosexuality/bisexuality appears to be a specific risk factor for males, especially for those who develop bulimia nervosa. Future research on the link between sexual orientation and eating disorders would help guide prevention and treatment strategies.
Microbes and asthma: Opportunities for intervention
Authors: Hermelijn H. Smits, Pieter S. Hiemstra, Clarissa Prazeres da Costa, Markus Ege, Michael Edwards, Holger Garn, Peter H. Howarth, Tuomas Jartti, Esther C. de Jong, Rick M. Maizels, Ben J. Marsland, Henry J. McSorley, Anne Müller, Petra I. Pfefferle, Huub Savelkoul, Jürgen Schwarze, Wendy W.J. Unger, Erika von Mutius, Maria Yazdanbakhsh, Christian Taube
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Glucose-6-Phosphate Phosphohydrolase Activity in Erythrocytes of Cancer Patients and Blood, Liver, and Brain of Tumor-Bearing Rats
Authors: L Ababei, M Moisiu, G Chisleag
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1971)

Journal Article Glucose-6-Phosphate Phosphohydrolase Activity in Erythrocytes of Cancer Patients and Blood, Liver, and Brain of Tumor-Bearing Rats Get access L. Ababei, L. Ababei The Institute of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, and the Institute of Medical Research of the S.R.R. Academy, Iasi, Romania Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M. Moisiu, M. Moisiu The Institute of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, and the Institute of Medical Research of the S.R.R. Academy, Iasi, Romania Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Gh. Chisleag Gh. Chisleag The Institute of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, and the Institute of Medical Research of the S.R.R. Academy, Iasi, Romania Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 47, Issue 4, October 1971, Pages 741–745, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/47.4.741 Published: 01 October 1971 Article history Received: 16 December 1970 Accepted: 02 July 1971 Published: 01 October 1971
Missed opportunities to diagnose COPD
Authors: David Price, David Halpin, Robert Winter, Susan L. Hill, Eric Bateman, Daryl Freeman, Dermot Ryan, Matthew Kearney, Kevin Holton, Annie Burden, Julie von Ziegenweidt, Laurence Mascarenhas, Alison Chisholm, Rupert Jones
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Rationale: Early diagnosis and intervention in the management of symptomatic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may reduce the associated impact on patients and economic burden on health systems.

Objective: Characterise healthcare utilisation in the yrs preceding a definitive COPD diagnosis to identify “red flags” that may aid in earlier diagnosis.

Method: Retrospective observational study using pooled routine practice data from the General Practice and Optimum Patient Care Research Databases. Patients were: ≥40 years, received a COPD diagnosis between 1990–2009; were prescribed ≥2 COPD therapies in the yr following diagnosis, and had ≥2yrs of continuous practice data prior to their diagnosis. Non-routine healthcare resource utilisation was monitored in the yrs preceding COPD diagnosis.

Results: 38,859 eligible patients: 52.6% male, diagnosis with COPD at median (IQR) age of 68 (60–75) years. In the 2yrs prior to diagnosis, 56.4% consulted on multiple (≥2) occasions for lower respiratory (LR) complaints, 26.5% for lower respiratory tract infections. Of these, 34.5% received multiple prescriptions for oral steroids (71.4%) and/or antibiotics (82.5%). These patients also recorded more respiratory outpatient visits over the 10yrs, and inpatient hospitalisations over the 4yrs, prior to diagnosis. Significantly more patients diagnosed in secondary care (or within 2-weeks of a hospital admission) had received multiple LR prescriptions in the prior 2yrs than patients diagnosed in primary care (40.7%vs34.5% p=0.007).

Conclusion: The data suggest increased use of non-routine respiratory resource by patients in the 2- to 10-yrs prior to their COPD diagnosis suggesting opportunities for earlier COPD diagnosis and/or assessment may be missed in the UK.
Lectin-Binding Sites in Preneoplastic and Neoplastic Lesions of Human and Rodent Respiratory Tracts234
Authors: Mitsutoshi Shiba, Takashi Ohiwa, Andres J. P. Klein-Szanto
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)

Journal Article Lectin-Binding Sites in Preneoplastic and Neoplastic Lesions of Human and Rodent Respiratory Tracts Get access Mitsutoshi Shiba, Mitsutoshi Shiba Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Takashi Ohiwa, Takashi Ohiwa Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Andres J. P. Klein-Szanto Andres J. P. Klein-Szanto Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 72, Issue 1, January 1984, Pages 43–51, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/72.1.43 Published: 01 January 1984 Article history Received: 28 January 1983 Accepted: 21 July 1983 Published: 01 January 1984
Abstract 17664: Outcomes of Chest Pain Calls to an Advice and Appointment Call Center
Authors: Reena Bhargava, Tanya L Temkin, Bruce Fireman, Eleanor Levin, Debbie Amaral
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Telephone triage of chest pain (CP) can provide appropriate emergent referral in an Advice and Appointment Call Center (AACC) using electronic medical records (EMR) and advice nurses (RN) consultin...
TIM-3 Is Highly Expressed On Blast Cells In Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Caixia Li, Xiao Yu, Yibei Zhu, Xiaojin Wu, Xiao Ma, Hong Liu, Lu Ye, Chao Ma, Rui Xia, Aining Sun, Changgeng Ruan, Suning Chen, Wu Depei
Journal: Blood (2013)
Abstract 10606: More Frequent Self-Testing of Prothrombin Time Results in Improved Time in Target Range
Authors: David B Matchar, Rowena Dolor, Alan Jacobson, Sean Love, Robert Edson, Lauren Uyeda, Site Investigators
Journal: Circulation (2012)

BACKGROUND: Anticoagulation (AC) is effective in reducing thromboembolic events for individuals with atrial fibrillation (AF) or mechanical heart valve (MHV), but maintaining patients in target ran...
Interesting case of lymphocytosis and splenomegaly
Authors: Selina J Chavda, Claire Dearden
Journal: BMJ (2016)

An 81 year old woman was referred to haematology with a six month history of fever, 7 kg weight loss, night sweats, and abdominal distension. She was otherwise fit and well; she had no travel history of note and did not smoke or drink alcohol.

On examination, she had massive splenomegaly palpable to the level of the umbilicus. The examination was otherwise normal and she had no palpable lymphadenopathy in the cervical, axillary, or inguinal regions.

Blood results showed haemoglobin 119 g/L (reference range 123-167), white blood cell count 68.0×109/L (3.5-11), lymphocytes 53.0×109/L (1.0-3.0), neutrophils 4.1×109/L (2.0-7.0), monocytes 6.8×109/L (0.2-1.0), and platelets 134×109/L (150-410). Urea, creatinine, and liver function tests were normal. A peripheral blood smear was performed (fig 1). Flow cytometry showed that 60% of total peripheral blood leucocytes were CD19, CD20, CD22, CD79b, CD25, CD11c, and CD103 positive surface immunoglobulin …
Patients Homozygous For Codon 8 (–AA) Frame-Shift β0-Thalassemia Mutation With Markedly Increased HbF
Authors: Zhihua Jiang, Hong-yuan Luo, Nasir Al-Allawi, Sule Unal, Fatma Gumruk, Leonor Osorio-Almeida, Lance Davis, Tasha Morrison, Andrew D. Campbell, Martin H. Steinberg, Patrick G Gallagher, Bernard G. Forget, David H.K. Chui
Journal: Blood (2013)
Duodeno-gastric Reflux and Gastric Adenomas: A Scintigraphic Study in Patients with Familial Adenomatous Polyposis
Authors: A D Spigelman, M Granowska, R K S Phillips
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1991)

To test whether the presence of gastric adenomas (dysplasia) was associated with gastric reflux of duodenal contents, six patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) who had gastric adenomas and nine matched FAP patients without gastric adenomas underwent scintigraphic duodeno-gastric reflux scanning. Reflux was graded 0–6, where 0=no reflux, 1=intermittent reflux into antrum only, 2=prolonged reflux into antrum only, 3=intermittent reflux into body, 4=prolonged reflux into body, 5=intermittent reflux into body and fundus, and 6=prolonged reflux into body and fundus. FAP patients with gastric adenomas had more severe reflux (median 6, range 4–6) than did controls (median 3, range 0–6; P=0.009, Mann-Whitney U test). These results are consistent with a role for bile in the development of gastric adenomatous polyps and suggest that bile is involved in the dysplasia-carcinoma sequence.
Reduced mucin sulfonation and impaired intestinal barrier function in the hyposulfataemic NaS1 null mouse
Authors: P A Dawson, S Huxley, B Gardiner, T Tran, J L McAuley, S Grimmond, M A McGuckin, D Markovich
Journal: Gut (2009)

<h3>Objective:</h3> Sulfate (SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>) is an abundant component of intestinal mucins and its content is decreased in certain gastrointestinal diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease. In this study, the hyposulfataemic NaS1 sulfate transporter null (<i>Nas1</i><sup>−/−</sup>) mice were used to investigate the physiological consequences of disturbed sulfate homeostasis on (1) intestinal sulfomucin content and mRNA expression; (2) intestinal permeability and proliferation; (3) dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis; and (4) intestinal barrier function against the bacterial pathogen, <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i>. <h3>Methods:</h3> Intestinal sulfomucins and sialomucins were detected by high iron diamine staining, permeability was assessed by fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)–dextran uptake, and proliferation was assessed by 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation. <i>Nas1</i><sup>−/−</sup> and wild-type (<i>Nas1</i><sup>+/+</sup>) mice received DSS in drinking water, and intestinal damage was assessed by histological, clinical and haematological measurements. Mice were orally inoculated with <i>C jejuni</i>, and intestinal and systemic infection was assessed. Ileal mRNA expression profiles of <i>Nas1</i><sup>−/−</sup> and <i><i>Nas1</i></i><sup>+/+</sup><i>mice were determined by cDNA microarrays and validated by quantitative real-time PCR.</i> <h3>Results:</h3> <i>Nas1</i><sup>−/−</sup> mice exhibited reduced intestinal sulfomucin content, enhanced intestinal permeability and DSS-induced colitis, and developed systemic infections when challenged orally with <i>C jejuni</i>. The transcriptional profile of 41 genes was altered in <i>Nas1</i><sup>−/−</sup> mice, with the most upregulated gene being pancreatic lipase-related protein 2 and the most downregulated gene being carbonic anhydrase 1 (<i>Car1</i>). <h3>Conclusion:</h3> Sulfate homeostasis is essential for maintaining a normal intestinal metabolic state, and hyposulfataemia leads to reduced intestinal sulfomucin content, enhanced susceptibility to toxin-induced colitis and impaired intestinal barrier to bacterial infection.
The potential lethal consequences of rabies vaccine avoidance and dog smuggling in Europe
Authors: Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers, Amandine Gagneux-Brunon, Aymeric Cantais, Fathia Daoud, Pascale Fouilloux, Anne Fresard, Celine Cazorla, Matthieu Witz, Gwenael Monnier, Nathalie Guerson, Nathalie Ragozin, Perrine Parize, Herve Bourhy, Laurent Dacheux, Nathalie Pihier, Alexandra Septfons, Marie Guichard, Frederic Lucht
Journal: Journal of Infection (2016)
Correlation Between Disparity for the Minor Histocompatibility Antigen HA-1 and the Development of Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease After Allogeneic Marrow Transplantation
Authors: Li-Hui Tseng, Ming-Tseh Lin, John A. Hansen, Ted Gooley, Ji Pei, Anajane G. Smith, Emily G. Martin, Effie W. Petersdorf, Paul J. Martin
Journal: Blood (1999)
Abstract P4-03-02: Up-classification of suspicious breast masses using opto-acoustic imaging
Authors: PT Lavin, AT Stavros, MJ Ulissey
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Purpose: Breast cancer diagnostic methodologies have been optimized to achieve increased sensitivity at the expense of relatively low specificity. Seno Medical's opto-acoustic (OA) imaging fuses real time co-registered, temporally interleaved laser optic and ultrasound imaging showing dual functional (hemoglobin de-oxygenation) and morphology findings for breast masses using a hand-held probe. We present data from the PIONEER Pilot study (n=100). We have shown improved specificity for OA relative to the ultrasound component (IUS) and the site determination by conventional diagnostic ultrasound (CDU). We now examine the BI-RADS upgrades for 36 malignant masses achieved by OA versus IUS and the site determinations using CDU. Materials and Methods: A total of 7 independent registration readers (IRRs) blindly assessed all 36 malignant masses using IUS first and OA second without any knowledge of clinical data or outcome. Among the cancers, there were 2 BI-RADS 4b, 12 BI-RADS 4c, and 22 BI-RADS 5 according to participating site radiologists' CDU evaluations. IRRs trained to identify and score three OA internal features and two OA external features for all masses were immediately offered the results of two nomograms based on their OA feature scores to predict the Probability of Malignancy (POM), which was then used to assign a BI-RADS category. Results: Combining data from all 7 readers, OA findings enabled upgrades of site CDU-determined BI-RADS categories 43% of the time for BI-RADS 4b and 29% for BI-RADS 4c; in contrast, the overall percentages of IUS upgrades versus site CDU were 21% for BI-RADS 4b and 10% for BI-RADS 4c. Overall, 12% of all OA reads resulted in upgrades in contrast to 4.4% for IUS compared to site CDU BI-RADS classifications. Relative to IUS, the overall percentages of OA upgrades were 58% for BI-RADS 4b and 34% for BI-RADS 4c. OA has comparable sensitivity to IUS. Conclusions: OA was more likely than IUS to result in a BI-RADS upgrade of a malignant mass. If subsequently confirmed, OA findings may help identify more cancers prior to biopsy. The 2,095 PIONEER Pivotal Study will allow for confirmation. Clinical Relevance: The ability to upgrade BI-RADS 4b and 4c for cancer masses is an unmet need. If verified, these findings could provide additional evidence to confirm a malignant mass earlier and spare subsequent diagnostic evaluations. This may help plan the efficient identification and excision of malignant masses. Citation Format: Lavin PT, Stavros AT, Ulissey MJ. Up-classification of suspicious breast masses using opto-acoustic imaging. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-03-02.
Significance of normal serum prostate-specific antigen in the follow-up period after definitive radiation therapy for prostatic cancer.
Authors: M J Zelefsky, S A Leibel, K E Wallner, W F Whitmore, Z Fuks
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1995)

PURPOSE To determine the prognostic significance of a normal serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level in patients with prostatic cancer with long-term follow-up evaluation after radiotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS PSA information was available in 403 patients (38%) who were treated with pelvic lymph node dissection and retropubic radioactive iodine-125 implantation. One hundred eighty-two patients had a normal serum PSA level (&lt; or = 4.0 ng/mL) the first time this test was conducted during the follow-up period, designated PSA-1. RESULTS Among patients with PSA-1 values &lt; or = 1.0 ng/mL, the 5-year PSA relapse-free survival rate was 85% compared with 27%, respectively, among those with PSA values in the higher range of normal (P &lt; .00001). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that only a PSA-1 value greater than 1.0 to &lt; or 4.0 (P &lt; .00001) and grade II/III histology (P = .009) had a negative impact on continued PSA relapse-free survival. The only independent variable identified by a multivariate analysis to affect local relapse-free survival (LRFS) was a PSA-1 value greater than 1.0 to &lt; or = 4.0 ng/mL (P &lt; .004), while high-grade histology (P &lt; .0001) and local failure (P &lt; .001) were the only significant variables to affect distant metastases-free survival (DMFS). CONCLUSION Patients with PSA values &lt; or = 1.0 ng/mL are significantly less likely to have a subsequent relapse after therapy than those with levels greater than 1.0 to &lt; or = 4.0 ng/mL. Continuously maintained PSA levels of &lt; or = 1.0 ng/mL after treatment may serve as an end point for early evaluation of the efficacy of experimental radiotherapy protocols in prostate cancer.
Adverse drug effects following oseltamivir mass treatment and prophylaxis in a school outbreak of 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) in June 2009, Sheffield, United Kingdom
Authors: M Strong, J Burrows, E Stedman, P Redgrave
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2010)

During the containment phase of the 2009 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic, mass treatment and prophylaxis with oseltamivir was used to control an outbreak of pandemic influenza in a primary school in Sheffield, United Kingdom, where ten cases of pandemic influenza had been laboratory confirmed over a three day period in June 2009. A subsequent cross-sectional survey showed that 51 of 297 (17%) pupils and 10 of 58 (17%) reported an influenza-like illness. The most common symptoms were headache, cough, fever, tiredness, sore throat and nausea. Fifty-three staff and 273 pupils took oseltamivir for treatment or prophylaxis. Of this group, 41% (113/273) of pupils and 47% (25/53) of staff reported adverse effects. Overall, 14% (37/273) of pupils and 20% (11/53) of staff did not complete the course of oseltamivir, primarily due to adverse effects. Nausea, vomiting and rash were statistically significantly associated with failing to complete the course of oseltamivir. Given the potential for side effects from oseltamivir, particularly among those without influenza who receive the drug for prophylaxis, our findings have two important implications. Firstly, the benefits of mass treatment in an outbreak setting must clearly be greater than the benefits of targeted treatment. Secondly, any large scale regional or state level system for distribution of antiviral drugs for treatment should ideally include a robust quantification of an individual s probability of infection with influenza virus in order to avoid unnecessary treatment.
Optimal duration of G-CSF prophylaxis after docetaxel (D) + epirubicin (E) in metastatic breast cancer (MBC): Prediction using a mathematical model
Authors: G. Freyer, O. Trédan, C. Meille, D. Barbolosi, B. Tranchand, P. Girard, A. Iliadis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

2044 Background: Optimal duration of G-CSF prophylaxis after chemotherapy remains unknown. The study objectives were 1) to build a mixed - phenomenological/non-phenomenological - model describing the pharmacokinetic (PK) - pharmacodynamic (PD) relationships of D + E + lenograstim, including antitumor effect and haematological toxicity, 2) to predict using this model the optimal G-CSF administration schedule: duration and depth of neutropenia. Methods: The multicompartment model included D and E PK characteristics, tumor growth, blood progenitors maturation and elimination process, G-CSF effects and cytotoxicity. Clinical data regarding chemotherapy administration and blood cell counts were obtained in 65 pts (Viens et al, Am J Clin Oncol. 2001), as well as data on the PD effect of lenograstim in healthy volunteers (Chugaï laboratories). The PK parameters of D and E were found in previously published studies. The PD impact of D and E was extrapolated from in vitro studies testing those drugs separately and in combination. Data were included into the model and analyzed using MATLAB software. Results: We obtained a final model fitting the individual data. The impact of lenograstim on the depth and the duration of neutropenia was confirmed as we observed a 50% increase in the neutrophils Area Under the Curve at each cycle. The best schedule was lenograstim starting at day 5 for 5 consecutive injections. A 10-injections schedule did not add any benefit. Conclusions: Short-duration of G-CSF therapy might not be inferior to “classical” 10–15 days duration. Monitoring haematological toxicity using a mathematical model in the clinical setting seems feasible. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 980: Nicotine Activates p44/42 MAPK Signaling in Vascular Smooth Cells and Exacerbates Vascular Inflammation and Neointimal Formation after Vascular Injury
Authors: Roberto I Vazquez-Padron, Yuntao Wei, Dania Mateo, Mireya Hernandez, Ivo Pestana, Sen Li, Sashi Salgar, Si M Pham
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Objectives: Cigarette smoking is implicated in the formation of occlusive vascular diseases. However, the effect of nicotine on development of neointima has not been well studied. We hypothesized t...
Modeling lung cancer with CRISPR/Cas9
Authors: Joana A. Vidigal, Danilo Maddalo, Eusebio Manchado, Carla P. Concepcion, Ciro Bonetti, Yoon-chi Han, Paul Ogrodowski, Natasha Rekhtman, Elisa De Stanchina, Scott Lowe, Andrea Ventura
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2016)
Data too important to share: do those who control the data control the message?
Authors: Peter Doshi
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Hydroxyethyl starch solutions for fluid resuscitation fell from grace in 2013 after European and American regulators issued severe warnings about their safety. But the academic investigators that led a landmark trial that helped precipitate this downfall are refusing to share their data. Is this acceptable? <b>Peter Doshi</b> reports
Specific Carcinogenic Effect of N -Methyl- N -nitrosourea on the Midventral Sebaceous Gland of the Gerbil ( Meriones unguiculatus )
Authors: Hermann Haas, Jörn Hilfrich, Norbert Kmoch, Ulrich Mohr
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

Gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus), given N-methyl-N-nitrosourea iv once weekly for 15 weeks at doses related to the mean lethal dose, developed tumors of the species-specific midventral sebaceous gland. These neoplasms were more frequent in males than females and were histologically classified as sebaceous adenomas or carcinomas of varying differentiation.