tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Histology, Histochemistry, and Acid Phosphatase of Noble (Nb) Rat Prostate Adenocarcinomas and Treatment of an Androgen-Dependent Nb Rat Prostate Adenocarcinoma&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Joseph R. Drago, M.D., Laurence B. Goldman, M.D., Robert E. Maurer, M.D., David D. Eckels, Ph.D., M. Eric Gershwin, M.D.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

For 17 months, Noble (Nb) rat prostate adenocarcinomas were evaluated in various experimental and therapeutic groups. Histologic evaluation of these tumors revealed them to be stable throughout more than 40 tumor transplant generations. The tumor growth pattern in unmanipulated Nb rats was also stable during that time, with less than 10% variation. The acid phosphatase content was determined with the use of the thymolphthalein method, which revealed production of acid phosphatase by these tumors. In addition, in approximately 22% of all Nb rats studied, animals given subcutaneous implants of these Nb rat prostate tumors developed pulmonary metastases. The autonomous tumors resulted in a much higher rate of metastases than did the hormonally dependent tumors: 35% versus 18%, respectively. Histochemical staining revealed acid phosphatase in the normal dorsolateral lobe of the Nb rat prostate gland and also in the prostate tumors. The reaction was more positive in the androgen-dependent tumors than in the autonomous ones. One androgen-dependent tumor, which mimics the humoral response of human prostate carcinoma, was chosen to evaluate treatment modalites, castration and chemotherapy (1,3bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea, adriamycin, and methotrexate). Results were significant with all modalities (P<0.001); however, chemotherapy was more efficacious than was castration in reducing tumor growth. These parameters helped to establish the Nb rat prostate adenocarcinoma model as appropriate for enhancing knowledge of human tumor biology and response to therapy.
Implementing a clinical pathway for quality-of-life diagnostics and therapy in follow-up of breast cancer patients
Authors: W. Lorenz, M. Klinkhammer-Schalke, B. Ernst, C. Jakob, B. Steinger, F. Hofstädter, M. Koller
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

758 Background: In order to integrate DRQL diagnostics into the guideline-based treatment of breast cancer patients a logistically refined clinical pathway was developed and implemented in the regional tumor center (population 2,3 millions) to diagnose and treat DRQL in breast cancer patients. Methods: Implementation from June 2003- Sept. 2004 included a prospective trial with 218 female patients (age 34–86 years), a multifaceted strategy (outreach visits, opinion leaders, CME in a quality circle) (Med Care 39, Suppl. 2, 85, 2000). The clinical pathway has been developed using the clinical algorithm methodology (Med. Dec. Mak. 12, 149,1992) and is here presented in narrative terms. Results: The clinical pathway starts in the clinic with DRQL questionnaire and health status by the physician. They are sent to the quality of life unit for producing the visual QL profiles and the expert report. The letter is sent to coordinating practitioners who decide either not to accept or to apply one or more of 5 therapeutic options (physiotherapy, psychotherapy, social support, pain therapy or nutrition/sports) or to send the patient to special health care providers for these options. A loop is built between quality of life unit and coordinating physician to ensure adherence to the system and initiating re-admission in 3,6,9 and 12 moths. The system was applied in 218 patients within 15 months. Structurally it included 5 clinical centers, the DRQL unit, 38 practitioners, 12 opinion leaders and 72 health care providers (specialists) for 5 therapeutic options. The complete clinical pathway can be depicted in the form of a clinical algorithm (not shown here), including 3 decision modes, 7 action boxes and one loop. Conclusion: DRQL was implemented successfully into standard follow up of breast cancer patients via a clinical pathway. The pathway guarantees state-of-the art therapy of all breast cancer patients treated within the tumor centre. The effectiveness of the clinical pathway is currently being evaluated by a randomized clinical trial. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
The correlation between hepatopulmonary syndrome and cirrhosis etiological diagnosis in candidates for liver transplantation at Santa Casa Hospital
Authors: Eduardo Garcia, Lucas Jesus de Medeiros, Fernanda Waltrick Martins, Taiane Francieli Rebelatto, Rangel Olsen de Carvalho, Ajácio Brandão
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background: Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is defined by a triad composed of liver disease, pulmonary vascular dilatation and changes in blood gases, characterized by alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient ≥15 mmHg or PaO2 <80mmHg. Liver cirrhosis of different etiologies is responsible for more than 90% of cases of HPS.

Objective: To correlate the prevalence of HPS to diagnosis of liver cirrhosis in patients for liver transplantation.

Methods: Cross sectional retrospective review of medical records of 90 patients with chronic liver disease undergoing liver transplantation at the Santa Casa Hospital (Porto Alegre -Brazil), from February 2002 to April 2009. The present study was approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee.

Results: Of the 90 individuals selected, 39 (43.3%) were diagnosed with HPS. Separated, then two groups: Group I (patients without HPS) and Group II (patients with HPS). Group I (n = 51): 47% (n=24) had liver cirrhosis by hepatitis C virus (HCV) alone, 7.8% (n=4) by alcohol alone and 21.6% (n=11) by association alcohol and HCV. Group II (n = 39): 33.3% (n=13) by HCV alone, 10.2% (n=4) by alcohol alone, 23.1% (n=9) by the association of HCV and alcohol. Thus, the total number of individuals with diagnosis of HCV, alone or in combination with other causes, was 35 (68.1%) and 25 (64.1%) in Group I and II, respectively; and for alcohol was the total of 15 patients (29.4%) in Group I and 13 patients (33.3%) in Group II.

Discussion: The prevalence for HCV and alcohol was similar between the groups. Thus, we can infer that the main risk factors, hepatitis C and alcohol, do not act as independent predictors for the development of HPS.
Pet Association With Selected Human Cancers: A Household Questionnaire Survey&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: B Hanes, M B Gardner, C G Loosli, G Heidbreder, B Kogan, H Marylander, R J Huebner
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1970)

Two household questionnaire surveys were done to ascertain the degree of family exposure to domestic cats, dogs, and parakeets in selected human “index” cancer households and control households. In the two surveys, 530 index and 1,042 comparison families were interviewed, including 208 with cases of leukemia, 195 of lymphoma, and 127 of sarcoma. In the first survey, failure to match control with index households for duration of residence at the present address led to a bias which accounted for an apparent excessive exposure to cats in families with lymphoma. In the second survey, a single control household, carefully matched for duration of residence, age, and sex of index, was selected for comparison with each index household interviewed. No difference in exposure to cats, dogs, or parakeets was found between the index patient households and matched control households. No statistically significant difference existed in the number of families with these pets, the average number of pets owned over the past decade, the average number of years that pets had been owned, the degree of handling of pets, or types of illness in household pets. No differences were found in the following conditions of cats: abscesses, fever, fur balls, lumps, bumps, malignancy, worms, and anemia. Also, no differences in similar conditions were found in dogs. Of the family members with cancer, 70–80% did not own cats. It is therefore unlikely that cats are a causal factor in the generality of human cancers.
Tumor Initiation by Apparently Noncarcinogenic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons2
Authors: John D. Scribner
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

Three hydrocarbons previously reported to be nontumorigenic initiated tumor formation in mouse skin. In addition, chrysene, benz[a]anthracene, dibenz[a,c]anthracene, and benzo[e]pyrene produced multiple papillomas when used as initiators in modest doses. Pyrene, anthracene, and anthanthrene showed borderline initiating activity. These findings generally agree with previously published calculations of the chemical reactivity of these and other unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbons, which postulated that substitutions at different positions in the hydrocarbons represent competing processes of activation for carcinogenesis and detoxication.
Use of I<sup>131</sup>-Labeled Protein in the Diagnosis of Pancreatic Insufficiency
Authors: Austin B. Chinn, Paul S. Lavik, Richard M. Stitt, G. Warren Buckaloo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

CHRONIC pancreatic insufficiency characteristically results in faulty digestion of fat and protein, with excessive loss of free fat and nitrogen in the stool. Accurate appraisal of the degree of fat and nitrogen loss necessitates metabolic-balance studies in which the amount ingested is compared with that excreted in the feces. The over-all problems connected with such observations make them too laborious and difficult to carry out in the hospital's general wards.Lavik and Miller1 have recently described experiments in dogs before and after pancreatectomy using a meal of I131-labeled protein. They observed that the rise in radioactivity in the blood after . . .
The Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor, Alisertib, Has Broad Activity In Nonclinical Models Of T-Cell Lymphoma and Is Highly Synergistic With Romidepsin, But Not With Pralatrexate Or The Proteasome Inhibitor, Ixazomib
Authors: Kelly Zullo, Luigi Scotto, Jennifer E. Amengual, Owen A. O'Connor
Journal: Blood (2013)
Phase II trial of amrubicin in patients with previously treated small cell lung cancer (SCLC)
Authors: T. Kato, H. Nokihara, Y. Ohe, N. Yamamoto, I. Sekine, H. Kunitoh, K. Kubota, Y. Nishiwaki, N. Saijo, T. Tamura
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

7061 Background: Amrubicin, a totally synthetic 9-amino-anthracycline, has been shown to have excellent antitumor activity as a single agent against previously untreated extensive-stage SCLC. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of amrubicin in patients with refractory or relapsed SCLC. Methods: Patients with histologically or cytologically confirmed SCLC, 20 to 74 years in age, performance status 0–2, with a history of receiving first- or second- line chemotherapy were eligible for the study. Amrubicin (45mg/m 2 /day) was administered on Days 1–3 every 3 weeks for four to six courses. The primary endpoint was the response rate (RR), and planned sample size for this phase II study was 33 patients (Simon’s two-stage minimax design). Results: From June 2003 to January 2005, 35 patients (26 males/9 females, median age, 64 years) were enrolled, and 34 of these patients were treated with the study drug. Four courses or more were administered in 59% (20/34) of the patients, and dose reduction was required in 52% (15/29) of the patients who had received 2 courses or more. Four complete responses and 14 partial responses were observed among the 34 treated patients, yielding a RR of 53% (95% confidence interval: 35.1%–70.2%). The median survival duration in the patients was 8.8 months, and the 1-year survival rate was 26%. Grade 3/4 leukopenia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia were observed in 76%, 97% and 38% of the patients, respectively. Febrile neutoropenia occurred in 12 patients (35%), and one patient died from treatment related pneumonia. Conclusion: Amrubicin (45mg/m 2 /day) was effective in patients with previously treated advanced SCLC, however, severe hematological toxicities occurred in some patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
The phylogenetic status of arthropods, as inferred from 18S rRNA sequences.
Authors: J M Turbeville, D M Pfeifer, K G Field, R A Raff
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1991)

Partial 18S rRNA sequences of five chelicerate arthropods plus a crustacean, myriapod, insect, chordate, echinoderm, annelid, and platyhelminth were compared. The sequence data were used to infer phylogeny by using a maximum-parsimony method, an evolutionary-distance method, and the evolutionary-parsimony method. The phylogenetic inferences generated by maximum-parsimony and distance methods support both monophyly of the Arthropoda and monophyly of the Chelicerata within the Arthropoda. These results are congruent with phylogenies based on rigorous cladistic analyses of morphological characters. Results support the inclusion of the Arthropoda within a spiralian or protostome coelomate clade that is the sister group of a deuterostome clade, refuting the hypothesis that the arthropods represent the "primitive" sister group of a protostome coelomate clade. Bootstrap analyses and consideration of all trees within 1% of the length of the most parsimonious tree suggest that relationships between the nonchelicerate arthropods and relationships within the chelicerate clade cannot be reliably inferred with the partial 18S rRNA sequence data. With the evolutionary-parsimony method, support for monophyly of the Arthropoda is found in the majority of the combinations analyzed if the coelomates are used as "outgroups." Monophyly of the Chelicerata is supported in most combinations assessed. Our analyses also indicate that the evolutionary-parsimony method, like distance and parsimony, may be biased by taxa with long branches. We suggest that a previous study's inference of the Arthropoda as paraphyletic may be the result of (a) having two few arthropod taxa available for analysis and (b) including long-branched taxa.
Alcohol Consumption and Breast Cancer
Authors: E B Harvey, C Schairer, L A Brinton, R N Hoover, J F Fraumeni
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1987)

The association between alcohol consumption and breast cancer was investigated in a case-control study involving 1,524 cases and 1,896 controls identified through a nationwide screening program. Ever drinking alcohol was not associated with any substantial increase in risk [odds ratio (OR) = 1.1; 95% confidence interval (Cl) = 1.0-1.3], but there was a significant trend in risk with increasing average weekly intake (P less than .04). Women who had one or fewer drinks daily (83% of all drinkers) did not experience any excess risk compared to nondrinkers, but significant excess risks were observed among those who drank from 1 to 2 (OR = 1.3; 95% Cl = 1.0-1.7) or more than 2 (OR = 1.7; 95% Cl = 1.2-2.4) drinks a day. An increased risk associated with alcohol consumption was evident only for those who drank at younger ages (less than 30 yr), regardless of current consumption. Alcohol effects were adjusted for a variety of factors, including reproductive history, were adjusted for a variety of factors, including reproductive history, socioeconomic indicators, and obesity, but none exerted any appreciable confounding influence. The results support an association between moderate alcohol consumption in early life and subsequent breast cancer risk, although interpretation should be cautious in the absence of dietary information.
Exploring Parents’ Adversities in Pediatric Primary Care
Authors: Megan H. Bair-Merritt, Barry Zuckerman
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Phase II study of recombinant alpha-2 interferon in resistant multiple myeloma.
Authors: J J Costanzi, M R Cooper, J H Scarffe, H Ozer, S S Grubbs, R W Ferraresi, R B Pollard, R J Spiegel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1985)

A multicenter phase II study of INTRON, recombinant alpha-2 interferon (Schering Corp, Kenilworth, NJ), in patients with relapsing or refractory myeloma was initiated. Patients received either intravenous therapy for two weeks followed by subcutaneous therapy or subcutaneous dosing from initiation of treatment. Of 38 evaluable patients, 19 were refractory and 19 had relapsed at entry. Twenty-five of 38 had received prior treatment with multiple drugs. Responses were seen among 2/19 refractory patients and 5/19 relapsing patients. Three of seven responders continue to respond for more than one year while receiving maintenance therapy. Most patients experienced improvement in bone pain, and one patient, with a complete response, had healing of bone lesions. Survival curves show a statistically significant improvement in survival for responders v nonresponders. INTRON was well-tolerated with only four patients discontinuing treatment due to adverse effects. Thirty-two percent of patients had hematologic toxicity requiring dose adjustment; however, there was no evidence of cumulative hematologic toxicity. No patients developed serum neutralizing factors to interferon. Additional trials are warranted to study the activity of INTRON in previously untreated patients.
Buspirone: sedative or stimulant effect?
Authors: R L Manfredi, A Kales, A N Vgontzas, E O Bixler, M A Isaac, C M Falcone
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1991)

The primary objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of initial and continued administration of buspirone on sleep induction and maintenance and sleep stage parameters, to determine the presence or absence of any drug-induced side effects, and to ascertain the presence or absence of sleep disturbances following abrupt withdrawal of the drug.Six insomniac subjects who had chronic complaints of difficulty falling asleep and/or staying asleep and who were in good physical health, were not suffering from any major mental disorders, and had not used any medication for at least the last month participated in a 16-night sleep laboratory protocol. The protocol consisted of 4 placebo-baseline nights, 7 nights on which buspirone, 10 mg at bedtime, was administered, and 5 placebo-withdrawal nights.Wake time after sleep onset increased moderately during the first 3 nights of drug administration (there was a marked and significant increase on the first night) and increased by lesser degrees with continued drug administration. Overall, reports of side effects were infrequent. Following drug termination, there was a delayed and mild increase in sleep difficulty above baseline.These data not only confirm that buspirone lacks sedative effects but also suggest that the drug may have stimulant properties. Further, these findings suggest that buspirone has limited usefulness in anxious patients with concomitant sleep difficulties.
Abstract 15235: Which is Better, Biodegradable-polymer Coated Biolimus A9-eluting Stents or Biocompatible Durable-polymer Coated Everolimus-eluting Stents?: Serial Optical Coherence Tomographic Evaluation
Authors: Ryu Shutta, Masami Nishino, Koji Yasumoto, Keisuke Yasumura, Hiroki Yorifuji, Kiyoshi Masuyama, Yu Nushiro, Taishi Kato, Akiko Idemoto, Akihiro Tanaka, Naotaka Okamoto, Naoki Mori, Takahiro Yoshimura, Nobuhiko Makino, Yasuyuki Egami, Jun Tanouchi
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: First generation drug-eluting stents (DES) have durable and non-biocompatible polymer, and their polymer can induce chronic inflammation and result in delayed neointimal coverage which may cause very late stent thrombosis (VLST). At present, second generation DESs including biodegradable-polymer coated biolimus A9-eluting stents (BES) whose polymer will be absorbed within twelve months, and biocompatible durable-polymer coated everolimus-eluting stents (EES) are available. However, comparison of BES and EES in terms of neointimal coverage is not fully investigated. Methods: We performed serial evaluation of neointimal coverage at 8 month (BES polymer still existed) and 20 month follow-up (BES polymer was absorbed) by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Study population consisted of 14 BESs (2243 struts / 250 cross-sections at 8 month, 2061 struts / 260 cross-sections at 20 month follow-up), and 10 EESs (1269 struts / 154 cross-sections at 8 month, 1229 struts / 158 cross-sections at 20 month f...
Early T-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children treated in AIEOP centres with AIEOP-BFM protocols: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Valentino Conter, Maria Grazia Valsecchi, Barbara Buldini, Rosanna Parasole, Franco Locatelli, Antonella Colombini, Carmelo Rizzari, Maria Caterina Putti, Elena Barisone, Luca Lo Nigro, Nicola Santoro, Ottavio Ziino, Andrea Pession, Anna Maria Testi, Concetta Micalizzi, Fiorina Casale, Paolo Pierani, Simone Cesaro, Monica Cellini, Daniela Silvestri, Giovanni Cazzaniga, Andrea Biondi, Giuseppe Basso
Journal: The Lancet Haematology (2016)