tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
URINARY ALBUMIN EXCRETION PREDICTS RAPID PROGRESSION OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME
Authors: Shunsuke Kataoka, Noriaki Iwahashi, Masaomi Gohbara, Eiichi Akiyama, Nobuhiko Maejima, Kengo Tsukahara, Kiyoshi Hibi, Masami Kosuge, Kazuo Kimura, Satoshi Umemura
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Proper Relief of Cancer Pain Is Worldwide Concern
Authors: F. X. Mahaney
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1995)

Journal Article Proper Relief of Cancer Pain Is Worldwide Concern Get access Francis X. Mahaney, Jr. Francis X. Mahaney, Jr. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 87, Issue 7, 5 April 1995, Pages 481–483, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/87.7.481 Published: 05 April 1995
Duodenal perforation as a consequence of biliary stent migration can occur regardless of stent type or duration
Authors: Mohamad Zein, Vivek Kumbhari, Alan Tieu, Payal Saxena, Ahmed Messallam, Alba Azola, Zhiping Li, Matthew Weiss, Mouen Khashab
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Biliary stents are the preferred method of managing malignant and benign biliary obstruction [1]. However, they are not without potential complications, including occlusion, migration, and intestinal perforation [1]. We report two cases of duodenal perforation as a result of migration of metal and plastic biliary stents.
OP0153 The art of tapering glucocorticoids (GC): A systematic review of studies reporting tapering strategies and outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA):
Authors: E.R. Volkmann, S. Rezai, D.E. Furst, T. Woodworth
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Strategies to taper GC in RA vary considerably and the effects of different tapering strategies on clinical outcome measures are unknown. <h3>Objectives</h3> To identify GC tapering studies and to evaluate their comparative efficacy and safety with respect to clinical outcomes. <h3>Methods</h3> We conducted a systematic literature search in PubMed and Cochrane Central to identify publications from January 1972 to February 2011. Search terms comprised 3 blocks: disease (RA), intervention (GC and related terms) and outcome (withdrawal/tapering). To maximize our yield, tapering was defined as decreasing to 7.5 or 0 mg daily. The review was divided into 3 stages: titles, abstracts, and full articles. Each was assessed by 2 team members and rejected if it fulfilled one of the following exclusion criteria: (1) Not pertaining to adults with RA, (2) Not a case-control study, cohort study, clinical trial, database/registry, (3) Not pertaining to GC withdrawal, (4) Extension study. Discordant assessments were resolved by a third party arbiter (DEF). <h3>Results</h3> From an initial listing of 1265 articles, 6 articles met review criteria; each described a different tapering strategy (Table). All were randomized controlled trials. Only 1 study described an objective disease activity measure (DAS44) used to guide the GC taper.<sup>2</sup> Only 4 studies reported whether patients successfully tapered/withdrew GC. Among the 251 patients who initiated a taper, 54 (22%) failed to taper/withdraw. Studies with the lowest failure rates included patients with early RA (&lt;1yr), while studies with the highest failure rates included patients with longer disease durations (&gt;1yr). One study compared baseline disease characteristics of patients who successfully versus unsuccessfully tapered and showed that successful tapering was associated with younger age and premenopausal status.<sup>3</sup> No studies compared clinical outcome measures or adverse events in patients who successfully versus unsuccessfully tapered. <h3>Conclusions</h3> There is marked variability in reported GC tapering regimens and many patients fail to withdraw from GC. Well-designed studies, considering age and disease duration, are needed to determine effective and safe strategies for tapering GC. <h3>References</h3> Lancet 1997;350:309-18. Arthritis Rheum 2005;52:3381-90. Scand J Rheumatol 2007;36:351-8. Ann Rheum Dis 2008;67:656–63. Ann Rheum Dis 2009;68:1715-1720. Brit J of Rheumatol 1998;37:930-936. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
IMPACT OF RENAL FUNCTION ON SURVIVAL AFTER TRANS-CATHETER AORTIC VALVE IMPLANTATION: AN ANALYSIS OF THE UNITED KINGDOM REGISTRY
Authors: Colin Dominic Chue, Charles J. Ferro, Mark A. de Belder, Neil E. Moat, Olaf Wendler, Uday Trivedi, Peter F. Ludman, Jonathan N. Townend
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
AB0478 Anca associated vasculitis presenting with anterior ischemic optic neuropathy
Authors: K. Manchegowda, S. Kallankara
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuritis (AION) is caused by arteritic and non arteritic factors. Giant Cell Arteritis is one of the well-recognised causes of arteritic AION. AION is a rare but recognised manifestation of ANCA associated vasculitis. <h3>Objectives</h3> We present a rare case of ANCA associated vasculitis presenting with AION <h3>Methods</h3> 65 years old gentleman with no previous co morbidity, but history of nasal crusting, presented to a neighbouring District General Hospital in November 2011 with night sweats and loss of weight. Investigations returned negative for infections/malignancies. He was found to be positive for MPO antibody and was discharged with Prednisolone 30 mgs OD and outpatient appointment for IV Cyclophosphamide. He presented to our department 2 days later with sudden loss of vision in right eye, shortness of breath and decreased sensation and paraesthesia in both hands. Further investigations revealed raised CRP 135 mg/L, impaired renal functions with Serum Creatinine of 130μmol/l, confirmed ANCA positivity for p-ANCA and pathological urinary cast. High resolution CT thorax revealed interstitial lung infiltrates. Nerve conduction study confirmed sensory polyneuropathy with bilateral mononeuritis multiplex of median nerve. Ophthalmological assessment revealed AION of right eye secondary to ANCA associated vasculitis. <h3>Results</h3> Patient was commenced on IV methyl prednisolone at 1mg/kg/day for 3 days followed by IV cyclophosphamide 750mg. A week later he developed similar visual symptoms in left eye, and further evaluation confirmed AION. Patient received further IV methylprednisolone for 3 days and plasmapheresis. Following this he received 6 cycles of IV cyclophosphamide as per BSR guidelines on management of ANCA associated vasculitis. There was no significant improvement in his vision and he was registered blind. However the pulmonary infiltrates subsided completely and renal functions normalised. The sensory neuropathy has shown a steady improvement. Azathioprine was tried as maintenance treatment but stopped due to recurrent respiratory tract infections. Currently patient is in remission on Mycophenolate Mofetil 2 grams/day and tapering dose of oral prednisolone. <h3>Conclusions</h3> ANCA associated vasculitis can present with AION. Early referral to a tertiary centre is essential as the disease can run an aggressive course. <h3>References</h3> Duran et al. ANCA-associated small vessel vasculitis presenting with ischemic optic neuropathy. Neurology2004;62(1):152-3 Shichinohe N et al. Arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy with positive myeloperoxidase antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2010;54(4):344-8 <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> Department of Rheumatology, Department of Ophthalmology and Department of Renal Medicine, Hull Royal Infirmary, Hull and East Yorkshire Hospital NHS Trust, Hull. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Rupture of the Heart after Myocardial Infarction
Authors: John F. Maher, G. Kenneth Mallory, Gustave A. Laurenz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

CARDIAC rupture with hemorrhage into the pericardium has long been recognized as a dramatic and rapidly fatal complication of myocardial infarction. Despite its invariably fatal termination, rupture of the heart has attracted the interest of physicians since its original description by Harvey1 in 1647.At the Mallory Institute, the pathological department of the Boston City Hospital, interest in this subject was renewed by the observation of several cases of cardiac rupture in rapid succession. This suggested an increased frequency of this complication and presented the possibility that newly introduced methods of therapy favor cardiorrhexis.It was thus considered that a . . .
S46 Activation of TGF- by airway smooth muscle cells via the V 5 integrin in asthmatic airway remodelling
Authors: A. L. Tatler, A. E. John, L. Jolly, A. J. Knox, L. Pang, G. Jenkins
Journal: Thorax (2010)

Airway remodelling is a common feature of severe asthma. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a pro-fibrotic, pleiotropic cytokine implicated in airway remodelling. TGF-β is sequestered in the extracellular matrix as a latent complex and requires activation to function. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) causes TGF-β activation in airway epithelial cells. The study aims were to investigate the effect of LPA on TGF-β activation by ASM cells in asthma. TGF-β activation was assessed by a reporter cell co-culture assay, by determining expression of the TGF-β-inducible gene plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI1) and by detecting the nuclear translocation of Smad proteins. The effect of LPA on TGF-β activation in asthma was investigated by comparing the responses of ASM cells from non-asthmatic (n=3) and asthmatic (n=3) donors. TGFb activation was also assessed using a chronic ovalbumin model of airway remodelling in mice. LPA induced a time, and concentration, dependent increase in TGF-β activation by ASM cells that was abrogated by an integrin αVβ5 antibody. An inhibitor of cytoskeletal reorganisation inhibited the effects of LPA. Furthermore, the β2-agonist formoterol inhibited LPA-induced PAI1 expression. Primary asthmatic ASM cells activated more TGF-β via αVβ5 in response to LPA than control cells, however they did not express more αVβ5 on the cell surface. Phosphorylation of Smad2 and expression ofpai1 in the lungs was increased in a chronic ovalbumin model of asthmatic airway remodelling in mice. Furthermore, αVβ5 integrin staining and α-smooth muscle actin staining in the ASM layer around the airways is increased in this model. Collectively, these data show that ASM cells can activate TGF-β via the αVβ5 integrin and highlight a novel pathway of TGF-β activation in ASM cells, which may be important in development of asthmatic airway remodelling.
Recurrences after Oral and Genital Herpes Simplex Virus Infection
Authors: William E. Lafferty, Robert W. Coombs, Jacqueline Benedetti, Cathy Critchlow, Lawrence Corey
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

We prospectively followed 39 adults with concurrent primary herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection (12 with HSV type 1 and 27 with HSV type 2) of the oropharynx and genitalia, caused by the same virus in each person, to evaluate the influence of viral type (HSV-1 vs. HSV-2) and site of infection (oropharyngeal vs. genital) on the frequency of recurrence. The subsequent recurrence patterns of HSV infection differed markedly according to viral type and anatomical site. Oral–labial recurrences developed in 5 of 12 patients with HSV-1 and 1 of 27 patients with HSV-2 (P<0.001). Conversely, genital recurrences developed in 24 of 27 patients with HSV-2 and 3 of 12 patients with HSV-1 (P<0.01). The mean rate of subsequent genital recurrences (due to HSV-1 and HSV-2) was 0.23 per month, whereas the mean rate of oral–labial recurrences was only 0.04 per month (P<0.001). The mean monthly frequencies of recurrence were, in order, genital HSV-2 infections, 0.33 per month; oral–labial HSV-1 infections, 0.12 per month; genital HSV-1 infections, 0.020 per month; and oral HSV-2 infections, 0.001 per month (P<0.01 for each comparison). We conclude that the likelihood of reactivation of HSV infection differs between HSV-1 and HSV-2 infections and between the sacral and trigeminal anatomical sites. The six-fold more frequent clinical recurrence rate of genital HSV infections as compared with oral–labial HSV infections may account for the relatively rapid increase in the prevalence of clinically recognized genital herpes in recent years. (N Engl J Med 1987; 316:1444–9.)
Lesson of the month: selective use of cyclophosphamide in pregnancy for severe autoimmune respiratory disease
Authors: Catherine Nelson-Piercy, Sangita Agarwal, Boris Lams
Journal: Thorax (2016)

We present the cases of two pregnant women who developed severe respiratory compromise in mid pregnancy, one due to rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease associated with mixed connective tissue disease and one secondary to diffuse alveolar haemorrhage due to antiglomerular basement membrane disease. Both were treated with high-dose steroids followed by pulsed intravenous cyclophosphamide. Both women went onto have live births although one baby was growth restricted and preterm. Neither baby had any evidence of congenital abnormalities.
PTH-153 Three Year Experience in a Nurse Led Telephone Clinic: a Retrospective Study of a District General Gastroenterology Clinic.
Authors: M Vinayaga-Pavan, V Morgan, D Suri
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> With the demand for patient choice and increasing numbers of outpatients being reviewed in secondary care, a nurse led telephone clinic has proved to be an important part of patients care<sup>1</sup>. Our clinic was first developed in 2009 as a way of providing more efficient follow up care to our patients post procedure. <h3>The Aim</h3> of this study was to identify and analyse the current use of our telephone clinic and the type of patients and conditions that are managed by the nursing team. <h3>Methods</h3> A retrospective study of all patients enrolled between May 2009 and November 2012 to the telephone clinic (TC) was completed. Demographics, procedure referral reason, attendance and outcome data were analysed. This was compared with our current face to face outpatients (FTFOP) data. Costs of care were estimated using data sourced from NHS tariff 2011–12. <h3>Results</h3> There were 1021 individual appointments made of which 807 (79%) appointments were completed, 57 messages were left and 82 patients were unable to be contacted. FTFOP non attendance rate was 28% vs 20% for the telephone clinic. 54.3% of patients were female vs 63.7% in FTFOP. The majority of patienits, (85%) were called with the primary reason of test results. 5.6% of patients were contacted with the primary objective of review and advice. Patients problems were seperated where possible into catagories 3.4% hepatobiliary, 5.8% indeterminate, 42% Lower Gastrointestinal (GI), 49% upper GI. Particular common complaints being addressed included dyspepsia, 19.4% of total patient referral reasons and 7.4% change in bowel habit. 77% of patients were discharged after the telephone consultation with 3.3% given an open appointment. 9.3% required specific timed follow up in FTFOP. With current tariffs for non face to face out patient appointments at £55.15 vs FTFOP of £141.44 we expect initial annual savings based on an average of 235 consultations a year of £20,278.15. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The telephone clinic has provided a useful adjunct in patient to provider care. The data haves shown that a variety of conditions can be successfully managed and relatively few patients require subsequent follow up in a face to face consultation. The clinic seems to be particularly useful in dealing with clinical symptoms which have algorithmic management, such as dyspepsia. Non-attendance rates were comparable. Patients have anecdotally liked the service for its efficiency and time saving approach. Development of this service will include increased monitoring of patient symptoms as a primary reason for review and integration to the email helpline service established since 2008. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>Reference</h3> Impact of a nurse-led telephone clinic on quality of IBD care Sharon Gethins<i> et al.</i> Gastrointestinal Nursing, Vol. 5, Iss. 1, 18 Jan 2007, pp 34 – 39
CORRELATION OF BONE SCINTIGRAPHY WITH MRI
Authors: Patrick M. Colletti, Patrick Ford, Janak K. Raval, Robert C. Benson, Roger M. Kerr, William D. Boswell, Michael E. Siegel
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

Colletti, Patrick M.; Ford, Patrick; Raval, Janak K.; Benson, Robert C.; Kerr, Roger M.; Boswell, William D. Jr.; Siegel, Michael E. Author Information
Serum Erythropoietin Levels after Renal Transplantation
Authors: C H Sun, H J Ward, W L Paul, M A Koyle, N Yanagawa, D B Lee
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

We measured serum erythropoietin levels serially in 31 renal-transplant recipients treated with cyclosporine, using the recently developed recombinant human erythropoietin-based radioimmunoassay. The mean (+/- SEM) serum erythropoietin concentration in these patients before transplantation (14 +/- 2 U per liter) was similar to that in normal subjects who did not have anemia. A transient postoperative 9-fold increase (range, 0- to 74-fold) in the serum erythropoietin levels was followed by a smaller (3-fold) and sustained (28 +/- 3 days) second elevation. The initial increase occurred in the absence of graft function and was not accompanied by an erythropoietic response, whereas the second increase was associated with graft recovery and the complete resolution of the anemia. Serum erythropoietin levels returned to normal as the hematocrit rose above 0.32. Thereafter, the hematocrit continued to rise toward normal, while the serum erythropoietin levels remained normal. The patients in whom erythrocytosis or iron-deficiency anemia developed had persistently elevated serum erythropoietin levels. We conclude that in patients who have undergone renal transplantation, slight increases in endogenous erythropoietin levels induce erythropoiesis to the same extent as do large doses of exogenous erythropoietin in patients with uremia. Moreover, once initiated, erythropoiesis in renal-transplant recipients may be sustained by normal serum erythropoietin levels. These results suggest that the restoration of renal function improves the erythropoietic response to erythropoietin.
Abstract 121: Markers of cell proliferation and growth as potential preneoplastic biomarkers of risk for colorectal neoplasms.
Authors: Huakang Tu, Jill Woodard, Carrie Daniel, Amparo Gonzalez-Feliciano, Thomas Ahearn, Roberd M. Bostick
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: Increased colorectal epithelial cell proliferation and growth are early, common events in sporadic colorectal cancer. To assess the potential of cell proliferation and growth markers as pre-neoplastic biomarkers of risk for colorectal neoplasms, we conducted a pilot, colonoscopy-based case-control study (n = 51 cases and 154 controls) of incident, sporadic colorectal adenoma. Methods: We evaluated transforming growth factor alpha (TGFα), TGFβ1, and telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) expression in normal-appearing mucosa from the rectum and ascending and sigmoid colon using automated immunohistochemistry and quantitative image analysis in a subset of cases and controls (n = 40 and 46, respectively). Mean differences in staining batch-standardized biomarker labeling optical density between cases and controls were assessed using analysis of covariance, and associations of the biomarkers with adenomas were assessed using unconditional logistic regression. Results: In the normal rectal mucosa, hTERT expression was 13% (P = 0.06) higher in cases than in controls, and higher hTERT expression (above the median in controls) was associated with a three-fold increased risk of colorectal adenoma (OR = 3.28, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04 – 10.35). TGFα expression was 31% (P = 0.25) higher in cases than in controls, and higher TGFα expression was associated with a 44% increased risk of colorectal adenoma (OR = 1.44, 95% CI 0.50 – 4.16). TGFβ1 expression alone and the ratio of TGFα to TGFβ1 expression were 3% (P = 0.86, OR = 0.91, 95% CI 0.39 – 2.11) and 61% (P = 0.30, OR = 1.23, 95% CI 0.45 – 3.36), respectively, higher in cases than in controls. Conclusions: These preliminary data suggest that hTERT and TGFα expression and, perhaps especially, the balance of TGFα and TGFβ1 expression in the normal rectal mucosa may be directly associated with risk for incident, sporadic colorectal neoplasms, providing support for further investigation of these markers as potential biomarkers of risk for colorectal neoplasms. Citation Format: Huakang Tu, Jill Woodard, Carrie Daniel, Amparo Gonzalez-Feliciano, Thomas Ahearn, Roberd M. Bostick. Markers of cell proliferation and growth as potential preneoplastic biomarkers of risk for colorectal neoplasms. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 121. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-121
Increased Maternal Age and the Risk of Fetal Death
Authors: Ruth C. Fretts, Julie Schmittdiel, Frances H. McLean, Robert H. Usher, Marlene B. Goldman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Although the fetal death rate has declined over the past 30 years among women of all ages, it is unknown whether particular characteristics of the mother, such as age, still affect the risk of fetal death. We undertook a study to determine whether older age, having a first child (nulliparity), or other characteristics of the mother are risk factors for fetal death.
IMPACT OF CLINICAL PRESENTATION ON ISCHEMIC AND BLEEDING OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS RECEIVING 6 OR 24 MONTH DURATION OF DUAL ANTIPLATELET THERAPY AFTER STENT IMPLANTATION: A PRE-SPECIFIED ANALYSIS FROM THE (PROLONGING DUAL ANTIPLATELET TREATMENT AFTER GRADING STENT-INDUCED INTIMAL HYPERPLASIA) PRODIGY TRIAL
Authors: Francesco Costa, Pascal Vranckx, Sergio Leonardi, Elisabetta Moscarella, Giuseppe Andò, Paolo Calabrò, Giuseppe Oreto, Felix Zijlstra, Marco Valgimigli
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)