tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Gastric Cancer, Version 2.2013
Authors: Jaffer A. Ajani, David J. Bentrem, Stephen Besh, Thomas A. D’Amico, Prajnan Das, Crystal Denlinger, Marwan G. Fakih, Charles S. Fuchs, Hans Gerdes, Robert E. Glasgow, James A. Hayman, Wayne L. Hofstetter, David H. Ilson, Rajesh N. Keswani, Lawrence R. Kleinberg, W. Michael Korn, A. Craig Lockhart, Kenneth Meredith, Mary F. Mulcahy, Mark B. Orringer, James A. Posey, Aaron R. Sasson, Walter J. Scott, Vivian E. Strong, Thomas K. Varghese, Graham Warren, Mary Kay Washington, Christopher Willett, Cameron D. Wright, Nicole R. McMillian, Hema Sundar
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2013)

The NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology for Gastric Cancer provide evidence- and consensus-based recommendations for a multidisciplinary approach for the management of patients with gastric cancer. For patients with resectable locoregional cancer, the guidelines recommend gastrectomy with a D1+ or a modified D2 lymph node dissection (performed by experienced surgeons in high-volume centers). Postoperative chemoradiation is the preferred option after complete gastric resection for patients with T3-T4 tumors and node-positive T1-T2 tumors. Postoperative chemotherapy is included as an option after a modified D2 lymph node dissection for this group of patients. Trastuzumab with chemotherapy is recommended as first-line therapy for patients with HER2-positive advanced or metastatic cancer, confirmed by immunohistochemistry and, if needed, by fluorescence in situ hybridization for IHC 2+.
Effects of a Single Dose of Cyclophosphamide on Various Organs in the Rat. II. Response of Urinary Bladder Epithelium According to Strain and Sex&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Leopold G. Koss, M.D., Pedro Lavin, M.D.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1970)

The effect on the urinary bladder epithelium of a single intraperitoneal dose (200 mg/kg) of cyclophosphamide was tested in male and female rats of Fischer 344 and Carworth Farm Norwegian (CFN) strains. There were marked differences in response to the drug according to sex. In the female, the initial epithelial necrosis was less extensive, epithelial regeneration was more rapid, and subsequent hyperplasia and atypia were less pronounced and of shorter duration. One week after injection, the histology of the bladder epithelium was close to normal in the female, whereas in the male the epithelium was still markedly hyperplastic and atypical. Although the hyperplasia post cyclophosphamide administration was somewhat more pronounced in the Fischer rats of both sexes, as compared with the CFN rats, the differences were not significant.
Role of Angiopoietin-1 (ANG1) in antiangiogenic cancer therapy - computer analysis of a physiologically based model of tumor angiogenesis
Authors: V. Vainstein, L. Arakelyan, G. Belilty, Y. Merbl, N. Dahan, Z. Agur
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

3095 Background: Inhibition of tumor angiogenesis is one of the intensively investigated new approaches for cancer treatment. ANG1 is a protein that promotes interaction of endothelial cells with pericytes and supports vascular maturation. Previously we analyzed tumor angiogenesis by constructing a detailed computer model of vascular tumor growth, which included the behavior of VEGF, PDGF, ANG1, ANG2, etc. The model simulations were successful in retrieving in vivo experimental results. In the current work we used the model to analyze the effect of ANG1 production on disease progression. Methods: Experimental individual growth curves of human ovarian carcinoma xenografts in nude mice were used to estimate parameters of tumor and vasculature dynamics. These parameters served as input to the aforementioned model, for simulating the stimulation or inhibition of ANG1 production. Results: Different individual tumor growth curves were retrieved with high precision, by individually estimated sets of dozens of model parameters. Analysis of these parameter sets showed that they varied only in the vascular density at the implantation site and in the tumor secretion rates of angiogenic factors; this variability sufficed for yielding the different growth curves. The modulation of ANG1 production appeared to have a complex effect: In rapidly growing tumors a specific ANG1 production level induced maximal tumor growth, while both higher and lower levels caused relative tumor growth suppression. In slow growing tumors inhibition of ANG1 production accelerated tumor growth, while its stimulation had little effect. Conclusions: Our analysis suggests that the induction as well as the inhibition of ANG1 production by tumor cells can have different and even opposite effects on tumor growth, depending on the patho-physiological conditions. Using medically retrievable parameters of tumor and vasculature dynamics our model can suggest optimal therapeutic interventions by ANG1 modulation. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Optimata Ltd. Optimata Ltd.
Abstract MP84: Incident Sleep-Disordered Breathing is Associated with Higher Blood Pressure and its Reactivity: Penn State Child Cohort
Authors: Edward O Bixler, Duanping Liao, Alexandros N Vgontzas, Fan He, Sol M Rodriguez-Colon, Susan Calhoun, Julio Fernandez-Mendoza
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Objectives: To examine the association between incident sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and blood pressure and blood pressure reactivity in a population based sample of adolescents. Methods: The Penn State Child Cohort is a general population based sample of 700 children aged 5-12 years at the baseline examination (2000-2005). Currently, 300 participants have completed their 8-year follow up examination. Blood pressure was assessed at follow up in the evening using an automated device prior to the sleep recording in three positions. Three assessments in the seated position were completed after 5 minutes of rest. This was followed by 3 assessments in the supine position after 5 minutes of rest. The averages of the 2 nd and 3 rd readings for both positions are reported. Finally the subject was asked to stand as fast as possible and 2 additional readings were completed immediately upon their foot hitting the floor. These two standing readings were averaged. The difference between standing and supine BP was used as measures of vascular reactivity. The age, gender and height adjusted mean level of BP measures comparing individuals with and without incident SDB (defined as Apnea Hypopnia Index, AHI&gt;5/hr) after excluding individuals with baseline SDB were calculated. Results: We observed no significant differences in diastolic blood pressure across the three positions. However, systolic blood pressure across all three positions and vascular reactivity were significantly elevated in those with incident SDB, as summarized in Table 1. Conclusion: In an 8-year followup of this population based sample of children, there was no persistence of SDB from baseline. Incident SDB (about 11%) was significantly associated with elevated systolic BP across all three positions. Further, SDB was associated with increased systolic BP reactivity, which has been associated with increased risk of CVD and the development of hypertension in adults.
Abstract 17247: Impact of Plaque Shift on Vascular Response in Reference Segments After DES Implantation: A 3D-IVUS Analysis from the J-DESsERT Trial
Authors: Hideki Kitahara, Katsuhisa Waseda, Kenji Sakamoto, Ryotaro Yamada, Ching-Chang Huang, Daisaku Nakatani, Kenji Sakata, Osami Kawarada, Paul G Yock, Yutaka Matsuyama, Hiroyoshi Yokoi, Masato Nakamura, Toshiya Muramatsu, Shinsuke Nanto, Peter J Fitzgerald, Yasuhiro Honda
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Previous studies have reported axial redistribution of plaque (plaque shift) into the reference segment during coronary stenting. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of ...
Transcending epithelial and intracellular biological barriers; a prototype DNA delivery device
Authors: Joanne McCaffrey, Cian M. McCrudden, Ahlam A. Ali, Ashley S. Massey, John W. McBride, Maelíosa T.C. McCrudden, Eva M. Vicente-Perez, Jonathan A. Coulter, Tracy Robson, Ryan F. Donnelly, Helen O. McCarthy
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2016)
Docetaxel, oxaliplatin, and capecitabine (TEX regimen) in patients with advanced or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal cancer (GC): Results from a phase II trial of the German AIO group.
Authors: D. Arnold, P. C. Thuss-Patience, A. Stein, W. Grothe, T. Seufferlein, A. Reinacher-Schick, M. Geissler, R. Hofheinz, M. H. Moehler, H. Schmoll
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

4099 Background: Three drug regimen of docetaxel with cisplatin and 5-FU is an established first line treatment for metastatic or locally advanced GC, improving overall survival and response rates, but also increasing the risk for significant toxicities compared to CF. The attempt to maintain the activity and to ameliorate tolerance has led to the development of a regimen with docetaxel (T), oxaliplatin (E) and capecitabine (X) in a phase I trial of our group (Grothe, ASCO 2006). Herewith, we report the primary endpoint of the phase II part. Methods: Pts with metastatic or locally advanced GC, adequate organ function, ECOG PS 0-2, and no prior chemotherapy (adjuvant allowed) were enrolled. TEX regimen was administered as defined: T 35 mg/m2 and E 70 mg/m2 on days (d) 1 and 8, with × 800 mg/m2 bid on d1-14 every 22 days. Toxicity assessment was done 3-weekly while CT scans were repeated 9-weekly. Results: 49 evaluable pts were enrolled between 09/2007 and 02/2009: 38 male/11 female, median age 60 (29-81) years, ECOG PS 0/1/2 61%/35%/4%, gastric/gastroesophageal 59%/41%, distant metastases 94%. The most common toxicities of the first 35 patients were already reported in the interim analysis (Moehler, ASCO 2009), and updated toxicity will be presented at the meeting. A median number of 6 cycles (range 1-14) were administered. Median follow-up is 20.4 (8.1-27.2) mos. Best tumor response assessment (RECIST): partial response: 45% (confirmed 28%) and stable disease 29%, progressive disease 10%, not available 16%. Primary endpoint Progression-free survival (PFS) rate after 6 mos. is 55%, median PFS of 6.3 (range 0-17.6) mos. Secondary resections (R0) were done in 8 pts (16%). Conclusions: TEX is an active and tolerable regimen, with comparable efficacy to other triplets with infusional 5-FU regarding PFS: DCF 5.6 mos. and FLOT 5.2 mos., respectively (Van Cutsem et al, J Clin Oncol 2006; Al Batran et al. in the phase II AIO trial, Ann Oncol 2008). However, TEX offers the benefit of an oral fluoropyrimidine. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Roche, sanofi-aventis Roche, sanofi-aventis Roche, sanofi-aventis
Effect of amphotericin B on water and urea transport in the inner medullary collecting duct.
Authors: Y Yano, J L Monteiro, A C Seguro
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1994)

The clinical usefulness of amphotericin B (AMP-B) is limited by its nephrotoxicity, as characterized by decreased RPF, decreased GFR, impaired urinary acidification, and potassium excretion defects. Defects of renal concentrating ability have been noted, but the mechanisms responsible for them have not been investigated. The chief objective of this research was to analyze directly the effect of AMP-B on arginine-vasopressin (AVP)- or dibutyrl cAMP (DcAMP)-stimulated water and urea transport of the inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) obtained from rats by the in vitro microperfusion technique. AMP-B (10(-5) M) added to the bath fluid in the absence of AVP did not impair the hydraulic conductivity (Lp) and the urea permeability (Pu) of rat IMCD. AMP-B (10(-5) M) added to the bath fluid decreased the AVP-stimulated Lp (x 10(-6) cm/s.atm) of rat IMCD from 19.41 +/- 2.19 to 10.00 +/- 1.39 (P < 0.001), and the reversibility of its action was observed during a third period when Lp increased to 19.80 +/- 2.19 (P < 0.001) after the initial conditions were restored. In addition, AMP-B reduced DcAMP-stimulated Lp from 20.95 +/- 1.75 to 10.52 +/- 0.71 (P < 0.01) in a reversible manner when the drug was withdrawn from the bath. AMP-B also decreased AVP-stimulated Pu (x 10(-5) cm/s) when added to the bath fluid from 36.60 +/- 2.05 to 29.88 +/- 1.36 (P < 0.001), and this effect was reversible after AMP-B was withdrawn from the bath (37.40 +/- 1.36; P < 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Systemic administration of RANKL overcomes the bottleneck of oral vaccine delivery through microfold cells in ileum
Authors: Sushila Maharjan, Bijay Singh, Tao Jiang, So-Yeon Yoon, Hui-Shan Li, Girak Kim, Min Jeong Gu, Soo Ji Kim, Ok-Jin Park, Seung Hyun Han, Sang-Kee Kang, Cheol-Heui Yun, Yun-Jaie Choi, Chong-Su Cho
Journal: Biomaterials (2016)
Abstract 28: Administration of Intravenous Ascorbic Acid Following Return of Spontaneous Circulation, with and Without Hypothermia, Improved Both Myocardial Dysfunction and Survival from Ventricular Fibrillation Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Min-Shan Tsai, Chien-Hua Huang, Chia-Ying Tsai, Chiung-Yuan Hsu, Wei-Tien Chang, Wen-Jone Chen
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background Our previous studies disclosed intravenous administration of ascorbic acid (AA) during CPR facilitates resuscitation and improves outcomes in VF cardiac arrest. However, the effect of AA administrated after ROSC and the interaction with hypothermia has not been clarified. Hypothesis Intravenous administration of AA after ROSC, with and without hypothermia, both can improve myocardial dysfunction and survival in VF cardiac arrest. Methods The animals were equally randomized to AA, hypothermia, AA+hypothermia and control groups. VF was induced and untreated for 5 minutes, followed by 1 minutes of CPR, and then one electrical shock of 5 J. After ROSC, the AA and AA+hypothermia group received intravenous administration of AA (100 mg/kg), and the hypothermia and control group received saline as placebo. In the hypothermia and AA+hypothermia groups, therapeutic hypothermia of 32°C was applied for 2 hours following ROSC. Malondialdehyde(MDA) of myocardium was assessed to determine oxidative stress. Results Within the first 2 hours, the control and the AA groups had higher heart rates than the hypothermia and AA+hypothermia groups. At the 4 th hour, the AA, hypothermia and AA+hypothermia groups had significant lower MDA concentration than the control group ( p &lt;0.05). The AA, hypothermia and AA+hypothermia groups had better dp/dt 40 and -dp/dt max than the control group, within 4 hours following ROSC (Table 1). Histological exam showed less myocytolysis in the AA, hypothermia and AA+hypothermia groups than in the control group. The AA, hypothermia and AA+hypothermia groups had better survival than the control group ( p &lt;0.05), but there was no difference between the AA, hypothermia and AA+hypothermia groups. Conclusion Intravenous administration of AA after ROSC, with and without hypothermia, both may improve myocardial dysfunction and survival in VF cardiac arrest.
MSI and epigenetic changes in colorectal cancers from African Americans
Authors: H. Ashktorab, D. Smoot, M. Fedelia-Lambert, J. Carethers, F. Giardiello
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

3570 Background: Microsatellite instability (MSI) is observed in sporadic Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) reflecting promoter hypermethylation of the DNA mismatch repair gene hMLH1. Additionally, p16 and hMLH1 can be inactivated by hypermethylation of its promoter region, which would abrogate its ability to regulate cell proliferation and the repair process. This study was setup to determine if MSI is common in colorectal cancers from AA patients and if MSI is associated simultaneously with p16 and hMLH1 gene silencing by methylation in the CRC from AA patients. Methods: Five microsatellite markers were used to evaluate (normal and colon cancer tissues from the same subjects, N=34) MSI status, p16 and hMLH1 promoter methylation status were determined following bisulfite modification of DNA and using methylation specific PCR, while immunohistochemistry was used to examine expression of hMLH1. Results: Twenty three cancers demonstrated MSI-H, two cancer demonstrated MSI-L and the remaining twenty six tumors were microsatellite stable (MSS). Most of the MSI-H tumors were proximal, well differentiated and highly mucinous. Most patients in the MSI-H group were females (70%) while most of the MSI-L group (100) was male. The p16 promoter was methylated in five of the 34 tumors (14%). Seventeen CRCs demonstrated MSI-H, three of which showed p16 promoter methylation (16%). Most of the tumors were hMLH1 methylated (70%). Tumors were mostly right handed. In total, 37% tumors (that were assayed by IHC) showed loss of staining for hMLH1 and most of them were MSI-H (57%). In addition, loss of MSH2 staining was observed in 43% of MSI-H. Conclusions: The incidence of MSI-H lesions was 2–3 fold higher (45%) in our study group compared to the data reported for the general population. This difference might reflect dietary differences or genetic polymorphisms that may be common in the AA population. Odds ratio analysis indicates that the chance of female patients having MSI-H was 2.3 times more than male patients (P< 0.03). The reason for this gender difference is unknown. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Impact of first-line and second-line PFS definitions within a randomized phase III trial in patients (pts) with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma (MPA)
Authors: L. Dahan, N. Methy, J. Seitz, E. Mitry, M. Ychou, M. Gasmi, J. Raoul, C. Mariette, L. Bedenne, F. Bonnetain
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e15583 Background: The FFCD phase III trial in pts with MPA comparing LV5FU2-P followed by gemcitabine (arm A) versus the opposite sequence (arm B) had failed to demonstrate a significant difference in median OS and PFS. The aim of this ancillary study was to investigate definitions of 1 st and 2 nd line PFS and their impacts on results. Methods: From 08/2003 to 05/2006, 202 pts with measurable MPA, PS 0–2, non prior CT were included in 33 centers, 102 in arm A and 100 in arm B. PFS1 in 1 st line was defined as time interval between randomization and progression (P) or death (D) during the 1 st line. Alive patients without P have been censored at the beginning of 2 nd line or at the last FU. PFS2 in 2 nd line was defined as time interval between randomization and P or D during the 2 nd line. Alive patients without P during 2 nd line have been censored at the last FU. For patients receiving only one line, PFS2 was defined as time interval between randomization and first P or D. Survival curves has been estimated using Kaplan Meier and compared using log-rank Tests. Strict ITT and modified ITT (ie pts receiving 2 lines) analyses were performed Results: Amongst the 202 pts after a median follow-up of 44 months, 69 pts (45 pts due to P) in Arm A and 55 pts (48 pts due to P) in Arm B have received a 2 nd line. Median PFS was respectively equal to 3.4 months in Arm A and 3.5 months in Arm B (Stratified Log-Rank p = 0.78). For PFS1 we observed 77 and 93 events respectively in Arm A and B. Median PFS1 was equal to 4.0 months in Arm A and 3.5 months in Arm B (Stratified Log-Rank p = 0.57). For PFS2 we observed 99 and 100 events respectively in Arm A and B. Median PFS2 was equal to 5.0 months in Arm A and 5.8 months in Arm B (Stratified Log-Rank p = 0.68). Restraining PFS2 amongst patients receiving 2 lines (N = 124 pts), we observed 67 and 55 events respectively in Arm A and B, median PFS2 was equal to 6.3 months in Arm A and 8.8 months in Arm B (Stratified Log-Rank p = 0.03) Conclusions: Our results suggest that PFS2 for patients receiving 2 lines was longer when pts received Gemcitabine in 1 st line. To be clinically meaningful definition of PFS1 and PFS2 should be optimized regarding censoring rules. New definitions should be proposed and assessed. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Molecular evolution of the period gene in Drosophila athabasca.
Authors: M J Ford, C K Yoon, C F Aquadro
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1994)

We measured nucleotide variability within and between the three semispecies of the Drosophila athabasca complex, at the period (per) gene by using a polymerase chain reaction-based four-cutter restriction-enzyme analysis. The levels of polymorphism varied considerably between the three semispecies. Our results for per, combined with previous data for X-linked allozymes, suggest that the X chromosome in the western-northern semispecies is less variable than expected under an equilibrium-neutral model. Both the pattern of divergence between the semispecies and a cladistic clustering of per haplotypes support the previously hypothesized grouping of eastern A and eastern B as the two most recently diverged semispecies. A 21-bp in-frame segment in the region of per which shares sequence similarity with the neuronal development gene single minded is deleted in all eastern A and eastern B flies examined but is present in all of the western-northern flies and all other published per sequences. Despite these hints that there may be significant differences at the per gene between the semispecies, especially the western-northern group versus the two eastern groups, there is no compelling evidence that per is involved in the mating song differences between the semispecies.
Tratamiento de primera línea del cáncer colorrectal metastásico con irinotecan, oxaliplatin y 5-fluorouracilo/leucovorin (FOLFOXIRI): resultados de un estudio fase II con un esquema bisemanal simplificado
Authors: G. Masi, G. Allegrini, S. Cupini, L. Marcucci, E. Cerri, I. Brunetti, E. Fontana, S. Ricci, M. Andreuccetti, A Falcone
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2005)
Food Allergen Labeling and Purchasing Habits in the US and Canada
Authors: Mary Jane Marchisotto, Laurie Harada, Opal Kamdar, Bridget Smith, Kemrani Khan, Scott H. Sicherer, Stephen L. Taylor, Veronica LaFemina, Maria Antonella Muraro, Susan Waserman, Ruchi Gupta
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Coagulation factor IX deficiency does not afford protection from pulmonary fibrosis in the experimental murine bleomycin model
Authors: Keren Borensztajn, Lin Cong, Bruno Crestani, Olivier Christophe, Arnold Spek
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction: Animal and human studies strongly suggest the importance of the coagulation cascade in acute and chronic lung injury. Indeed, beyond their role in hemostasis, coagulation factors can signal via their cellular receptors, the protease-activated receptors. We hypothesized that the absence of coagulation Factor(F)IX, which is essential for the activation of the coagulation cascade would reduce fibrosis development and progression.  Methods: We used the murine model of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in wild-type (WT; n=14) and FIX deficient mice (n=13). After 14 days, we assessed markers of tissue fibrosis, inflammatory cell influx in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and cytokines levels in the BALF, blood and lung homogenate of the animals.  Results: Mortality during the experiment was higher in the FIX deficient mice compared to wildtypes (23% versus 7%). The remaining FIX deficient mice (n=10) developed pulmonary fibrosis to a degree similar to WT (n=13). There was no significant difference in the Ashcroft score between WT and FIX deficient mice (4.011±0.4 versus 4.2±0.4), in the alpha-actin score (0.94±0.09 versus 0.70±0.07) and in the inflammatory cell number. In contrast, we observed in the plasma of the FIX deficient mice significant elevations in levels of cytokines IL-12, TNFα, IFNγ, MCP-1 and IL-6.  Conclusion: Mice with a congenital deficiency of FIX are not protected against bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. These data strongly argue against an important role of the blood coagulation cascade in the progression of pulmonary fibrosis, and raise important concernsabout the use of anticoagulant therapy in patients.