tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Acetazolamide in Sickle-Cell Anaemia
Authors: W. D. dos Santos, H. Lehmann
Journal: BMJ (1959)

Medical JaUmFin. 2 -Electrophoretic patterns (on starch gel), read- ing from left to right: CC, CS, SS, SJ (patient, AH, AA.Application at arrow.fast component in addition to haemoglobin S was found.The mobility of th._ component at pH 8.6 was about half way between A and H (Fig. 2).Blood samples were sent for reference purpeses t Dr. Lehmann. of London, and to Mr. Robinson, of Detroit They both reported that the fastmoving component was identical with haemoglobin.1. Scanning showed that the composition of the patient's naemoglobin was about 40% S and 60% 1 DisessionThe episodes of jaundices was not thought to be a k4de-cell crisis clinically, and this view would seem to be justified.In fact, the patient suffers no disability attributable to his blood condition.He has a. mild but wel-compensated haemolytic anaemia, which is similar to some of our cases of sickle-cell fbaemoglobin-C,disease.'In a series of 45 cases (Maciver and Went, 1958) of this latter condition a number were without any symptoms.Investigation of the patient's family was interesting bt -disappointing.Both pants were stated to be dead, and the patient has no children and no full brothers or siste However, his mother, who was of negro stock, -had six children by twk other fathers, oe of whom was Chinese.Both chiklren by the latter and two of the other thechidren had the tidLle-cellZ trait The tetaing chid showed normal 'haien lobin A 'only.It is justifiable to dedue from these findings that the mother carried an S gene.The father must therefore astre contributed thc J geneThe patient stted that hi-mother "got him it.Panama," and that his father was an Amrican resident ther.The predominantly Caucasian appearance-of the patient, taking ino account the negro mother,.tends to support this uosibility.To trace.the father or his relative would seem to be hopeles A case of e sickecell /haem.globia-Jdisease is -l. he interaction beween the genies for banmoglobin S am! J is not marked, resulting in a mild * i s_-comeo e bamnolytic a ia Family ioggest that the h
Tumor Cells Secrete Galectin-1 to Enhance Endothelial Cell Activity
Authors: Victor L. Thijssen, Batya Barkan, Hiroki Shoji, Ingrid M. Aries, Véronique Mathieu, Louise Deltour, Tilman M. Hackeng, Robert Kiss, Yoel Kloog, Françoise Poirier, Arjan W. Griffioen
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Tumor angiogenesis is a key event in cancer progression. Here, we report that tumors can stimulate tumor angiogenesis by secretion of galectin-1. Tumor growth and tumor angiogenesis of different tumor models are hampered in galectin-1-null (gal-1(-/-)) mice. However, tumor angiogenesis is less affected when tumor cells express and secrete high levels of galectin-1. Furthermore, tumor endothelial cells in gal-1(-/-) mice take up galectin-1 that is secreted by tumor cells. Uptake of galectin-1 by cultured endothelial cells specifically promotes H-Ras signaling to the Raf/mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) kinase (Mek)/Erk cascade and stimulates endothelial cell proliferation and migration. Moreover, the activation can be blocked by galectin-1 inhibition as evidenced by hampered membrane translocation of H-Ras.GTP and impaired Raf/Mek/Erk phosphorylation after treatment with the galectin-1-targeting angiogenesis inhibitor anginex. Altogether, these data identify galectin-1 as a proangiogenic factor. These findings have direct implications for current efforts on galectin-1-targeted cancer therapies.
CCR7-Dependent Cortex-to-Medulla Migration of Positively Selected Thymocytes Is Essential for Establishing Central Tolerance
Authors: Hirotsugu Kurobe, Cunlan Liu, Tomoo Ueno, Fumi Saito, Izumi Ohigashi, Natalie Seach, Rieko Arakaki, Yoshio Hayashi, Tetsuya Kitagawa, Martin Lipp, Richard L. Boyd, Yousuke Takahama
Journal: Immunity (2006)
Intra-graft expression of genes involved in iron homeostasis predicts the development of operational tolerance in human liver transplantation
Authors: Felix Bohne, Marc Martínez-Llordella, Juan-José Lozano, Rosa Miquel, Carlos Benítez, María-Carlota Londoño, Tommaso-María Manzia, Roberta Angelico, Dorine W. Swinkels, Harold Tjalsma, Marta López, Juan G. Abraldes, Eliano Bonaccorsi-Riani, Elmar Jaeckel, Richard Taubert, Jacques Pirenne, Antoni Rimola, Giuseppe Tisone, Alberto Sánchez-Fueyo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2011)

Following organ transplantation, lifelong immunosuppressive therapy is required to prevent the host immune system from destroying the allograft. This can cause severe side effects and increased recipient morbidity and mortality. Complete cessation of immunosuppressive drugs has been successfully accomplished in selected transplant recipients, providing proof of principle that operational allograft tolerance is attainable in clinical transplantation. The intra-graft molecular pathways associated with successful drug withdrawal, however, are not well defined. In this study, we analyzed sequential blood and liver tissue samples collected from liver transplant recipients enrolled in a prospective multicenter immunosuppressive drug withdrawal clinical trial. Before initiation of drug withdrawal, operationally tolerant and non-tolerant recipients differed in the intra-graft expression of genes involved in the regulation of iron homeostasis. Furthermore, as compared with non-tolerant recipients, operationally tolerant patients exhibited higher serum levels of hepcidin and ferritin and increased hepatocyte iron deposition. Finally, liver tissue gene expression measurements accurately predicted the outcome of immunosuppressive withdrawal in an independent set of patients. These results point to a critical role for iron metabolism in the regulation of intra-graft alloimmune responses in humans and provide a set of biomarkers to conduct drug-weaning trials in liver transplantation.
Prognostic significance of immunohistochemical biomarkers in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a study from the Lunenburg Lymphoma Biomarker Consortium
Authors: Gilles Salles, Daphne de Jong, Wanling Xie, Andreas Rosenwald, Mukesh Chhanabhai, Philippe Gaulard, Wolfram Klapper, Maria Calaminici, Birgitta Sander, Christoph Thorns, Elias Campo, Thierry Molina, Abigail Lee, Michael Pfreundschuh, Sandra Horning, Andrew Lister, Laurie H. Sehn, John Raemaekers, Anton Hagenbeek, Randy D. Gascoyne, Edie Weller
Journal: Blood (2011)
Lack of nasal carriage of novel corona virus (HCoV-EMC) in French Hajj pilgrims returning from the Hajj 2012, despite a high rate of respiratory symptoms
Authors: P. Gautret, R. Charrel, K. Belhouchat, T. Drali, S. Benkouiten, A. Nougairede, C. Zandotti, Z.A. Memish, M. al Masri, C. Gaillard, P. Brouqui, P. Parola
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2013)
Comparison of Mortality Risk for Dialysis Patients and Cadaveric First Renal Transplant Recipients in Ontario, Canada
Authors: CHRISTIAN G. RABBAT, KEVIN E. THORPE, J. DAVID RUSSELL, DAVID N. CHURCHILL
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2000)

Abstract. In population-based studies, renal transplantation has been shown to improve survival compared to dialysis patients awaiting transplantation in the United States. However, dialysis mortality in the United States is higher than in Canada. Whether transplantation offers a survival advantage in regions where dialysis survival is superior to that in the United States is uncertain. This study examines a cohort of 1156 patients who started end-stage renal disease (ESRD) therapy and were wait-listed for cadaveric renal transplantation in the province of Ontario, Canada between January 1, 1990 and December 31, 1994. Patients were followed from wait-listing for renal transplant ( n = 1156), to cadaveric first renal transplant ( n = 722), to death, or to study end (December 31, 1995). The annual crude mortality rates for wait-listed dialysis patients and transplanted patients were 5.0 and 3.4%, respectively. In Cox proportional hazards models, mortality in wait-listed patients was associated with increased age and diabetes, but not time from onset of ESRD to wait-listing. Factors associated with death following transplantation include older age, diabetes, and longer time spent on the waiting list before transplantation. In a time-dependent Cox regression model, the relative risk of death after transplantation compared to dialysis varied in a time-dependent manner. Covariates associated with increased risk included older age, diabetes, and time from onset of ESRD to wait-listing. The average relative risk (RR) of dying was 2.91 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.34 to 6.32) in the first 30 d after transplantation, but was significantly lower 1 yr after transplantation (RR 0.25; 95% CI, 0.14 to 0.42), indicating a beneficial long-term effect when compared to wait-listed dialysis patients. This long-term benefit was most evident in subgroups of patients with diabetes (RR 0.38; 95% CI, 0.17 to 0.87) and glomerulonephritis (RR 0.13; 95% CI, 0.04 to 0.39) as the cause of ESRD. The survival advantage associated with renal transplantation is evident in this cohort of patients with a lower wait-listed dialysis mortality than that reported previously in the United States. The magnitude of the treatment effect is consistent across studies.
Differential Expression of 2′,3′-Cyclic-Nucleotide 3′-Phosphodiesterase and Neural Lineage Markers Correlate with Glioblastoma Xenograft Infiltration and Patient Survival
Authors: Michael Zorniak, Paul A. Clark, Heather E. Leeper, Matthew D. Tipping, David M. Francis, Kevin R. Kozak, M. Shahriar Salamat, John S. Kuo
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2012)

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a poorly treated human brain cancer with few established clinically useful molecular prognostic markers. We characterized glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSC) according to developmental neural lineage markers and correlated their expression with patient survival.Immunoblot array of neural lineage markers classified five independently isolated human GSC lines into three classes exhibiting differential expression of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPC), astrocyte progenitor cells (APC), and neural progenitor cells (NPC) markers. Immunodeficient mice were orthotopically implanted with each cell line to evaluate tumor infiltration and recipient survival. 2',3'-Cyclic-nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNP) antigenic expression was used to evaluate a clinically annotated GBM tissue microarray with 115 specimens.We report that molecular classification of patient-derived GSCs using neural lineage markers show association with differential xenograft invasiveness, and also show significant correlation to survival in both the mouse model and human patients. Orthotopic implantation into immunodeficient mice showed Ki-67 proliferative index independent xenograft infiltration: class I GSCs (OPC and NPC positive) established focal lesions, class II GSCs (NPC positive) formed minimally invasive lesions, and class III GSCs (APC positive) established highly infiltrative lesions. The OPC marker, CNP also exhibited high expression in focal xenografts versus low expression in invasive xenografts. Differential CNP expression correlated with mouse model survival, and CNP immunoassay of a large GBM tissue microarray also showed significant differential patient survival.GSC classification with developmental neural lineage markers revealed CNP as a novel and potentially useful clinical prognosis marker, and suggests clinical importance for patient-specific GSC analysis.
Quality of Life for Women Diagnosed With Breast Carcinoma in Situ
Authors: Elizabeth B. Claus, Stacey Petruzella, Darryl Carter, Stanislav Kasl
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

Purpose Limited data exist on long-term quality of life (QOL) for women diagnosed with breast carcinoma in situ (BCIS). Participants and Methods The data are on 795 BCIS participants diagnosed among female residents of Connecticut from September 15, 1994 to March 14, 1998, and 702 controls frequency-matched to the case participants by 5-year age intervals and geography. These women were participants in a large, population-based case/control study and subsequent follow-up study. Telephone interviews at follow-up were used to collect data on QOL at 5 years from initial diagnosis or contact, using the Medical Outcomes Study, Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression, and CAGE (Cut down, Annoyed, Guilty, Eye-opener) alcohol consumption scales. QOL outcomes were compared by case/control status and by case treatment group: lumpectomy, lumpectomy with adjuvant radiation therapy, and mastectomy. Results At 5 years after diagnosis, women diagnosed with BCIS report levels of physical, emotional, and mental health functioning similar with those reported in a general healthy female population. Case participants and controls did not differ in reported levels of limitations due to physical health problems, bodily pain, social functioning, or overall physical functioning. Case participants who underwent lumpectomy with radiation reported lower levels of emotional functioning, general health perceptions, vitality, sexual interest, and overall mental health, as well as more depressive symptoms than did control subjects; although, the clinical significance of these statistical differences appears to be limited. Conclusion At 5 years after treatment, women diagnosed with BCIS report good physical and emotional functioning relative to control populations.
Elective Surgery in Dialysis Patients: Realistic Risk Information From the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Database
Authors: Lawrence B. Oresanya, Emily Finlayson
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2012)

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Hypoxia-Inducible miR-210 Regulates the Susceptibility of Tumor Cells to Lysis by Cytotoxic T Cells
Authors: Muhammad Zaeem Noman, Stéphanie Buart, Pedro Romero, Sami Ketari, Bassam Janji, Bernard Mari, Fathia Mami-Chouaib, Salem Chouaib
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment plays a central role in the evolution of immune escape mechanisms by tumor cells. In this study, we report the definition of miR-210 as a miRNA regulated by hypoxia in lung cancer and melanoma, documenting its involvement in blunting the susceptibility of tumor cells to lysis by antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). miR-210 was induced in hypoxic zones of human tumor tissues. Its attenuation in hypoxic cells significantly restored susceptibility to autologous CTL-mediated lysis, independent of tumor cell recognition and CTL reactivity. A comprehensive approach using transcriptome analysis, argonaute protein immunoprecipitation, and luciferase reporter assay revealed that the genes PTPN1, HOXA1, and TP53I11 were miR-210 target genes regulated in hypoxic cells. In support of their primary importance in mediating the immunosuppressive effects of miR-210, coordinate silencing of PTPN1, HOXA1, and TP53I11 dramatically decreased tumor cell susceptibility to CTL-mediated lysis. Our findings show how miR-210 induction links hypoxia to immune escape from CTL-mediated lysis, by providing a mechanistic understanding of how this miRNA mediates immunosuppression in oxygen-deprived regions of tumors where cancer stem-like cells and metastatic cellular behaviors are known to evolve. Cancer Res; 72(18); 4629–41. ©2012 AACR.
Total and High–Molecular Weight Adiponectin in Relation to Metabolic Variables at Baseline and in Response to an Exercise Treatment Program
Authors: Matthias Blüher, Aoife M. Brennan, Theodoros Kelesidis, Jürgen Kratzsch, Mathias Fasshauer, Susan Kralisch, Catherine J. Williams, Christos S. Mantzoros
Journal: Diabetes Care (2007)

Adiponectin, an adipocyte-secreted hormone, circulates in the serum in several multimeric forms. Compared with total adiponectin, high-molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin has been suggested to be a better predictor of metabolic parameters and insulin sensitivity in humans. Our objective was to compare total adiponectin with HMW adiponectin as predictors of metabolic variables and insulin sensitivity at both baseline and after an exercise intervention.We obtained blood samples from 60 men and women with normal glucose tolerance (n = 20), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (n = 20), or type 2 diabetes (n = 20) at baseline and after 4 weeks of training to measure metabolic variables. Using commercially available assays, we measured plasma total adiponectin using LINCO, Mediagnost, and ALPCO assays and HMW adiponectin using an ALPCO assay.HMW adiponectin and total adiponectin (ALPCO) had similar ability to predict the presence of insulin resistance. Total adiponectin, as measured by radioimmunoassay (LINCO) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (Mediagnost), correlated most strongly with measures of insulin sensitivity (P < 0.01) and lipid profile (P < 0.01) at baseline, showed greater improvements of adiponectin levels (P < 0.001), was more closely associated with improvements of lipid measures with exercise training (P < 0.01), and more accurately predicted insulin resistance and IGT in comparison with total adiponectin or HMW measured with the ALPCO ELISA.These results do not support the superiority of HMW over total adiponectin (measured using currently available assays) in assessing metabolic variables at baseline or in response to physical training. Moreover, there are significant differences in the ability of commercially available assays for total adiponectin to predict metabolic variables.
Effect of noninvasive ventilation on interleukin-8 in COPD exacerbation
Authors: Atefeh Fakharian, Farid Maleki, Esmaeil Mortaz, Mohammad Hashemian, Mohammad Reza Masjedi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

BACKGROUND : Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) as a major global health problem is the cause of a considerable number of admissions to emergency departments which are related to acute exacerbation. The intrinsic mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of COPD is partially unknown, however several immune disturbances have been shown to be associated with this disease.

AIM : The aim was to determine the serum level of Interleukin-8 (IL8) in acute exacerbation of COPD and after a period of treatment.

MATERIALS and METHODS : Two blood samples were taken from 27 COPD patients who had been hospitalized due to an exacerbation, the first at the beginning of admission and the other at the time of discharge after a 7-10 day period of non- invasive ventilation (NIV) as treatment. These samples were measured for serum levels of IL8.

RESULTS : serum levels of IL8 were significantly different at the time of acute exacerbation from the time of discharge after treatment ( p= 0.035 ). On average serum levels of IL8 were more at the time of admission in comparison with discharge.

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CONCLUSION : Since it is considered that immune reactions are involved in COPD, inflammatory assessments can be performed by means of some elements such as IL8, which levels increase and diminish with changes in inflammations. Through this method it may become possible to evaluate the severity of the disease and its response to treatment.
Hypoxaemia enhances peripheral muscle oxidative stress in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: C Koechlin
Journal: Thorax (2005)

Because oxidative stress affects muscle function, the underlying mechanism to explain exercise induced peripheral muscle oxidative stress in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is clinically relevant. This study investigated whether chronic hypoxaemia in COPD worsens peripheral muscle oxidative stress and whether an abnormal muscle inflammatory process is associated with it.Nine chronically hypoxaemic and nine non-hypoxaemic patients performed repeated knee extensions until exhaustion. Biopsy specimens were taken from the vastus lateralis muscle before and 48 hours after exercise. Muscle oxidative stress was evaluated by lipid peroxidation (lipofuscin and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs)) and oxidised proteins. Inflammation was evaluated by quantifying muscle neutrophil and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha levels.When both groups were taken together, arterial oxygen pressure was positively correlated with quadriceps endurance time (n = 18, r = 0.57; p < 0.05). At rest, quadriceps lipofuscin inclusions were significantly greater in hypoxaemic patients than in non-hypoxaemic patients (2.9 (0.2) v 2.0 (0.3) inclusions/fibre; p < 0.05). Exercise induced a greater increase in muscle TBARs and oxidised proteins in hypoxaemic patients than in non-hypoxaemic patients (40.6 (9.1)% v 10.1 (5.8)% and 51.2 (11.9)% v 3.7 (12.2)%, respectively, both p = 0.01). Neutrophil levels were significantly higher in hypoxaemic patients than in non-hypoxaemic patients (53.1 (11.6) v 21.5 (11.2) counts per fibre x 10(-3); p < 0.05). Exercise did not alter muscle neutrophil levels in either group. Muscle TNF-alpha was not detected at baseline or after exercise.Chronic hypoxaemia was associated with lower quadriceps endurance time and worsened muscle oxidative stress at rest and after exercise. Increased muscle neutrophil levels could be a source of the increased baseline oxidative damage. The involvement of a muscle inflammatory process in the exercise induced oxidative stress of patients with COPD remains to be shown.