tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 13234: The Association Between Serum Potassium and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Alex Yang, Jiacong Luo, Donna E Jensen, Steven M Brunelli
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Patients with kidney disease often have high serum potassium (K) due to diminished excretory capacity. Hypothesis: We evaluated the association of high K with rates of arrhythmia and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE; composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, and arrhythmia). Methods: We studied a retrospective cohort of patients with eGFR &lt;60 mL/min/1.73m 2 between Jan-2009 and Jun-2013 (N=55,266). Patients were followed until the end of study (30-Jun-2013), death, end-stage renal disease, or transfer of care. Serum K, eGFR, and 13 covariates including demographics, prevalent comorbidities, and medication use (beta blockers, centrally acting calcium channel blockers, and loop and thiazide diuretics) were considered on a time-varying basis, updated for each K measurement. Results: At baseline, 15%, 4%, and 1% of patients had serum K 5.0-5.4, 5.5-5.9, and ≥6.0 mEq/L, respectively. Prevalence was greater in lower eGFR strata. Within each eGFR stratum serum K demonstrated U-shaped associations with rates of MACE and arrhythmia, displayed for eGFR &lt;30 mL/min/1.73m 2 . Compared to K 4.5-4.9 mEq/L, incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of MACE for K ≥6.0 mEq/L were 2.11 [95%CI, 1.68-2.65], 1.44 [1.12-1.84], 1.56 [1.11-2.17], and 2.11 [1.53-2.89] in the eGFR &lt;30, 30-39, 40-49, and 50-59 strata, respectively. K ≥6.0 mEq/L was associated with increased rate of arrhythmia in the lowest eGFR stratum (Figure); point estimates in other eGFR strata ranged from 1.39 to 1.53, but were not significant. Conclusions: K ≥6.0 mEq/L is associated with increased risk of MACE among patients with eGFR &lt;60 mL/min/1.73m 2 and with arrhythmia among patients with eGFR &lt;30 mL/min/1.73m 2 . Renal impairment should be considered when determining serum K targets with respect to cardiovascular risk.
Abstract 10: Antifibrotic Effect of CCN5 in a Murine Model of Heart Failure
Authors: Dongtak Jeong, Changwon Kho, Ahyoung Lee, Woo Jin Park, Roger Hajjar
Journal: Circulation Research (2012)

CCN family members are matricellular proteins with diverse roles in cell function. Recently, we showed that the differential expression of CCN2 and CCN5 during cardiac remodeling suggests that these two members of the CCN family play opposing roles during the development of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Since it is reported that an underlying morphological correlate of diastolic dysfunction is cardiac fibrosis, which leads to increased stiffness of the heart, we aimed to evaluate the role of CCN5 on cardiac fibrosis and function by the gene delivery using the cardiotropic AAV9 vector. We generated pressure-overload heart failure models in mouse by TAC operation. After 8-10 weeks of TAC on mice, HF was confirmed by Echocardiography. In those HF mice, AAV9-GFP (control) and AAV9-CCN5 were addressed by IV. Two more months later, cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography and invasive hemodynamics. Protein and RNA expression levels of CCN5, several types of collagen and conventional TGF-beta signaling related genes were evaluated by western blot and quantitative real time PCR analysis. First, we were able to achieve about 4-5 fold increase of CCN5 expression by AAV9-CCN5 injection without any change in heart function. Second, CCN5 expression level in blood was not significantly altered after AAV9-CCN5 gene transfer because it may be the result of the cardiac tropism of the vector used. The HF model by TAC surgery was confirmed with echocardiography (FS (%)). Overall average FS (%) in HF was 41.87+/− 5.27 (n=16) and in non-surgery control mice was 58.39 +/− 2.06(n=4). After AAV9 injection, cardiac function of CCN5 injected mice was sustained but AAV9-GFP injected mice showed severe cardiac dysfunction and dilation (AAV-GFP (24.29+/− 9.11) vs AAV-CCN5 (42.66 +/− 4.73)). Third, western blot analysis showed that the downstream effectors, namely TGF-beta signaling pathways were significantly down-regulated in CCN5 injected mice. In addition, fibrotic area of the heart was tremendously reduced. Finally, CCN5 expression is significantly decreased in human heart failure patients compared to those in nonfailing donors. Taken together our data would indicate that CCN5 may be a promising therapeutic target to reduce cardiac fibrosis.
Systems genetics identifies a convergent gene network for cognition and neurodevelopmental disease
Authors: Michael R Johnson, Kirill Shkura, Sarah R Langley, Andree Delahaye-Duriez, Prashant Srivastava, W David Hill, Owen J L Rackham, Gail Davies, Sarah E Harris, Aida Moreno-Moral, Maxime Rotival, Doug Speed, Slavé Petrovski, Anaïs Katz, Caroline Hayward, David J Porteous, Blair H Smith, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Lynne J Hocking, John M Starr, David C Liewald, Alessia Visconti, Mario Falchi, Leonardo Bottolo, Tiziana Rossetti, Bénédicte Danis, Manuela Mazzuferi, Patrik Foerch, Alexander Grote, Christoph Helmstaedter, Albert J Becker, Rafal M Kaminski, Ian J Deary, Enrico Petretto
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2015)
Delayed Antibiotic Prescribing Strategies—Time to Implement?
Authors: Amanda R. McCullough, Paul P. Glasziou
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
New Insight Into the Role of Aldosterone/Renin Ratio in Elevated Peripheral and Central Blood Pressure**Editorials published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiologyreflect the views of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of JACCor the American College of Cardiology.
Authors: Emmanuel L. Bravo, Mohammed A. Rafey
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Effect of sustained, low-dose curcumin on benzo[a]pyrene-induced tissue DNA adducts in rat model
Authors: Shyam Sunder Bansal, jeyaprakash Jeyabalan, Manicka Vadhanam, Ramesh Gupta
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

AACR Annual Meeting-- Apr 12-16, 2008; San Diego, CA

3816 

Intervention with natural or synthetic agent(s) is considered a useful strategy to prevent cancer development. Test agents are generally administered in the diet at high doses in order to achieve effective plasma concentration. We tested a novel hypothesis that agents administered systemically by polymer-based implants will lower the effective dose in diminishing carcinogen-induced DNA damage compared with dietary route. Female S/D rats were pretreated with curcumin either by diet (400 ppm, w/w) or by 1 cm polycaprolactone (PCL) implants entrapped with 20 mg curcumin. Implants were prepared by dissolving curcumin and PCL in appropriate solvents, melting the polymer following removal of the solvents, and extruding the molten material through a mold. Two weeks later, animals were challenged with a single intraperitoneal dose of benzo[ a ]pyrene (BP) (50 mg/kg). Animals were euthanized after 6 days and different tissues were collected. Analysis of the lung and liver DNA adducts by 32P-postlabeling showed that dietary curcumin inhibited the BP-induced DNA adducts by 45% and 83% in the lung and liver (65 ± 53 and 74 ± 110 adducts/109 nucleotides), respectively compared with sham treatment (117 ± 35 and 432 ± 118 adducts/109 nucleotides). The adduct inhibition also occurred in animals that received curcumin by polymeric implants, except that the degree of inhibition was 1.6 to 1.7-fold lower than the dietary administration. The lesser effectiveness of the implant route presumably stems from a low dose of curcumin delivered by the implant (~80 µg/rat/day) to combat against the bolus dose of BP. To test this hypothesis, animals pretreated with curcumin implants for two weeks were further treated with sustained, low dose of BP by polycaprolactone implant (1 cm implant entrapped with 10 mg BP) (Jeyabalan et al ., PAACR, submitted). Analysis of tissue DNA adducts by 32P-postlabeling 30 days post BP treatment showed 65% and 83% inhibition of adducts in the lung and liver (9 ± 5 and 4 ± 0.7 adducts/109 nucleotides), respectively compared with sham treatment (26 ± 5 and 23 ± 12 adducts/109 nucleotides). The average dose of curcumin over the duration of the study was ~110 µg/rat/day based on the amount left in the implants recovered from animals. Our data suggest that this polymer-based novel delivery system has the potential to apply to a host of plant-derived minor components for activity assessment in vivo that otherwise cannot be tested by the traditional dietary route due to their limited quantities, as well as to reduce toxicity of agents that need to be administered at high doses to achieve effective plasma concentration (Supported from the USPHS grants CA-90892, CA-118114 and CA-125152).
The PROSPECT of Changing Our Approach to Acute Coronary Syndromes⁎⁎Editorials published in JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging reflect the views of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging or the American College of Cardiology.
Authors: Michael E. Farkouh, Verghese Mathew
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2012)
Intracellular Phosphate Dynamics in Muscle Measured by Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy during Hemodialysis
Authors: Sandrine Lemoine, Thomas Fournier, Gabriel Kocevar, Amélie Belloi, Gabrielle Normand, Danielle Ibarrola, Dominique Sappey-Marinier, Laurent Juillard
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2015)

Of the 600–700 mg inorganic phosphate (Pi) removed during a 4-hour hemodialysis session, a maximum of 10% may be extracted from the extracellular space. The origin of the other 90% of removed phosphate is unknown. This study tested the hypothesis that the main source of phosphate removed during hemodialysis is the intracellular compartment. Six binephrectomized pigs each underwent one 3-hour hemodialysis session, during which the extracorporeal circulation blood flow was maintained between 100 and 150 ml/min. To determine in vivo phosphate metabolism, we performed phosphorous ( 31 P) magnetic resonance spectroscopy using a 1.5-Tesla system and a surface coil placed over the gluteal muscle region. 31 P magnetic resonance spectra (repetition time =10 s; echo time =0.35 ms) were acquired every 160 seconds before, during, and after dialysis. During the dialysis sessions, plasma phosphate concentrations decreased rapidly (−30.4 %; P =0.003) and then, plateaued before increasing approximately 30 minutes before the end of the sessions; 16 mmol phosphate was removed in each session. When extracellular phosphate levels plateaued, intracellular Pi content increased significantly (11%; P &lt;0.001). Moreover, β ATP decreased significantly ( P &lt;0.001); however, calcium levels remained balanced. Results of this study show that intracellular Pi is the source of Pi removed during dialysis. The intracellular Pi increase may reflect cellular stress induced by hemodialysis and/or strong intracellular phosphate regulation.
PET/CT imaging in patients with suspected recurrence of pancreatic cancer
Authors: R. Epelbaum, R. Bar-Shalom, Z. Keidar, D. Gaitini, R. Haddad, O. Israel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

14137 Background: The goal of the study was to review our clinical experience with 18 F-FDG PET/CT in patients (pts) with suspected recurrence of pancreatic cancer. Methods: Nine pts (M/F=3/6, age 47–73y) with increasing levels of CA 19–9 and/or CEA during follow-up and negative or equivocal CT scan were included. Seven pts were asymptomatic and 2 pts had mild abdominal pain. Previous treatment included pancreaticoduodenectomy in 6 pts and distal pancreatectomy in 3 pts. Adjuvant chemoradiation was given to 5 pts as well. Tumor markers first increased 2 to 14 months after the operation. CT scan was done within one month in all pts, and found to be normal in 6 pts and equivocal in 3 pts. PET/CT was performed one months (5 pts), 2 months (2 pts) and 3 months (2 pts) later. However, the last 2 pts had a 2 nd normal CT scan 1–2 months after the PET/CT. A final diagnosis of recurrence was confirmed by histopathology or by further clinical and radiologic follow up. Results: Of the 9 pts, 8 exhibited PET/CT findings consisted with recurrent cancer. Increased tracer uptakes with abnormal findings on CT were found in 5 pts with CT scan previously defined as normal ( 2 in tumor bed and 3 in distant sites, 1 liver, 1 liver and lymph nodes, 1 abdominal wall). PET/CT was also positive in 3 pts with equivocal CT findings (2 tumor bed, 1 liver with a new unsuspected positive site in tumor bed). Chemotherapy (followed by surgery in 1 pt and by radiation therapy in 1 pt, both with local recurrence) was instituted in 7 pts following PET/CT findings. One pt underwent resection of an isolated abdominal recurrence. After a median follow-up of 7 months (range, 4 -27 m) 4 pts had died of disease, 2 are alive with progressing disease, one has responded to treatment (PET/CT became normal) and one is undergoing ghemotherapy. One of the 9 pts had a false negative PET/CT test, as abdominal spread was later found by an additional CT scan, still with a 2 nd negative PET/CT image. Conclusions: PET/CT is a useful tool for detecting recurrent pancreatic cancer, and can demonstrate recurrence site when CT is non-diagnostic. Its impact on clinical management and treatment results should be further evaluated. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Reply to Michael Froehner, Rainer Koch, Manfred P. Wirth's Letter to the Editor re: Grace L. Lu-Yao, Peter C. Albertsen, Dirk F. Moore, Yong Lin, Robert S. DiPaola, Siu-Long Yao. Fifteen-year Outcomes Following Conservative Management Among Men Aged 65 Years or Older with Localized Prostate Cancer. Eur Urol 2015;68:805–11
Authors: Peter C. Albertsen, Grace L. Lu-Yao
Journal: European Urology (2015)
Abstract 12399: Differences in Culprit Plaque Morphology in Patients with ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction versus Non ST Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome: Optical Coherence Tomography Study
Authors: Haixia Liu, Jingbo Hou, Haibo Jia, Junying Kong, Rong Sun, Guangren Gao, Shaosong Zhang, Bo Yu, Ik-Kyung Jang
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Objective: To compare the differences in the culprit plaque morphology between patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and those with non ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE ACS). Methods: A total of 403 patients were enrolled in this study: 108 with STEMI and 295 with NSTE ACS. All patients underwent OCT during the acute phase. Results: Lipid plaques accounted for 92.6% and 86.1% of the culprit lesion in STEMI and NSTE ACS group, respectively. The STEMI patients had thinner fibrous cap (54.9±22.7 µm versus 75.4±38.7µm, P<0.001), greater lipid core arc (227.3±60.4°vs 213.6±55.6°,P<0.05) and longer lipid core length (15.6±6.8mm vs 13.3±7.4mm,P<0.01). The size of the ruptured cavity were greater in the STEMI than in the NSTE ACS group: depth (0.7±0.4.mm vs 0.6±0.5mm, P<0.05), the length (2.8±1.8mm vs 1.8±1.1mm, P<0.001) and average cross sectional area (0.9±0.7mm2 vs 0.6±0.6mm2,P<0.01). The rupture site was more frequently proximal to the minimal lumen in the STEMI group compared to ...
Alignment maps and homology analysis of the J-C intron in human, mouse, and rabbit immunoglobulin kappa gene.
Authors: S Karlin, G Ghandour
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1985)

The statistically significant shared oligonucleotides (block identities) of the intervening region (J5-C) in the human, mouse, and rabbit immunoglobulin (Ig)-kappa gene were determined. These identities maintain their order (do not cross) and never connect with any Ig-kappa segment external to the intron region. The two regions of pronounced similarity are (1) the vicinity of the established enhancer element (Queen and Baltimore 1983) and (2) a 200-bp region approximately 1 kb upstream that we have labeled the second enhancer element. Similarity is strong between the human and mouse sequences in the neighborhood of the first enhancer element and more pronounced between the human and rabbit sequences in the vicinity of the second enhancer region. The overall extent of similarity between the mouse and rabbit sequences is less than that between the human and mouse sequences and that between the human and rabbit sequences. All close and large dyad-symmetry pairings were ascertained and their possible relations to the enhancer elements discussed.
Cash bonanza for NHS
Authors: R. Klein
Journal: BMJ (2000)

News p 889 

By any standards the government's decision to inject £19.4 bn into Britain's NHS over the next four years1 —an annual average growth of 6.1% in real terms—is generous. No doubt it is not quite as generous as it looks: there will be much wrangling over the small print. Similarly, it may not bring Britain up to the European Union average of spending on health care,2 but there never was any rationale for setting this arithmetic artefact as a target in the first place. But, even allowing for such reservations, the NHS appears set for a period of sustained growth at an unprecedented rate. The prime minister has nailed his personal standard to the mast of the NHS, and if the ship goes down, so will his political reputation. Therein lies the surest guarantee of the NHS's future but also the greatest danger to it. The guarantee lies in the fact that Mr Blair has every incentive to use his personal authority to make a success of the NHS. The danger is that the pressures to “modernise” the NHS within a timetable laid down by the political election cycle will not only prove counterproductive but lead to disillusion.

The government's generosity …
Is consolidation chemotherapy after concurrent chemoradiotherapy beneficial for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer? A pooled analysis of the literature.
Authors: Satomi Yamamoto, Kazuyuki Tsujino, Masahiko Ando, Tomoya Kawaguchi, Akihito Kubo, Shunichi Isa, Yoshikazu Hasegawa, Sai-Hong Ignatius Ou, Minoru Takada, Takayasu Kurata
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

7000 Background: There is a growing interest on the efficacy of maintenance chemotherapy to metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and adjuvant chemotherapy to early stage NSCLC. However, the role of consolidation chemotherapy (CCT) after concurrent chemo-radiotherapy in locally advanced NSCLC is undetermined. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed for phase II/III trials examining survival of locally-advanced NSCLC treated with concurrent chemo-radiotherapy between January 1, 1995 and October 31, 2011. Median overall survival (mOS) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were collected from each study and pooled. We extracted log-transformated hazards and its standard errors under the assumption that survival follows an exponential distribution, and computed a pooled mOS and its 95% CI using random-effect model. Collected trial arms were divided into two groups by the presence of CCT: Arm with CCT (CCT+) and without CCT (CCT-). Results: Forty-five studies were identified including 9 phase III studies and 36 phase II studies with 51 arms (CCT+: 29, CCT-: 22). Clinical data were comparable in clinical stage, performance status, cancer histology, gender, and median age between the two groups. I 2 values for assessing heterogeneity were 15.3, 9.1 and 24.2% in overall, CCT+ and CCT- studies, respectively. There was no statistical difference in pooled mOS between CCT+ (18.5 month, 95%CI: 16.7-20.5) vs CCT- (18.1 month, 95%CI: 16.5-20.2). In regard to the ≥ grade 3 toxicities in pneumonitis, esophagitis, and neutropenia, there was no difference between the two groups throughout the whole treatment courses. In random effect models, predicted hazard ratio of CCT+ to CCT- was 0.98 (95%CI: 0.8-1.13, p=0.7574). These models estimated that addition of CCT could not yield more than 3 months of survival prolongation for patients with locally advanced NCSLC. Conclusions: The pooled analysis on publication basis failed to provide evidence that consolidation chemotherapy yields significant survival benefit for locally advanced NSCLC.
Feng-Cai Zhu: leading vaccine evaluation in China
Authors: Tony Kirby
Journal: The Lancet (2015)

Speaking with The Lancet just before he goes to Sierra Leone to coordinate an Ebola vaccine trial, it's clear that Feng-Cai Zhu is a humble man, yet he possesses a steely determination to end vaccine preventable illness both in his homeland of China and worldwide. Now Deputy Director of the Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention (JPCDC), in Nanjing, China, Zhu's work centres on developing vaccine science in China and ensuring infectious diseases are kept under control in Jiangsu Province.
Characteristics of Skin Lesions Associated With Anti–Tumor Necrosis Factor Therapy in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Isabelle Cleynen, Wouter Van Moerkercke, Thomas Billiet, Pieter Vandecandelaere, Niels Vande Casteele, Christine Breynaert, Vera Ballet, Marc Ferrante, Maja Noman, Gert Van Assche, Paul Rutgeerts, Joost J. van den Oord, Ann Gils, Siegfried Segaert, Séverine Vermeire
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Background: A subgroup of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treated with anti–tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antibodies develop skin lesions, but the lesions and their clinical course are not well-characterized. Objective: To describe patients treated with anti-TNF antibodies who did and did not develop skin lesions. Design: Retrospective cohort. Setting: Single IBD tertiary referral center. Patients: 917 consecutive patients with IBD who initiated anti-TNF therapy. Measurements: Skin lesions, patient demographic characteristics, treatments, clinical course, and serologic and genetic markers. Results: During a median follow-up of 3.5 years (interquartile range [IQR], 0.5 to 7.4 years), skin lesions associated with the use of anti-TNF therapy developed in 264 of 917 (29%) patients (psoriasiform eczema, 30.6%; eczema, 23.5%; xerosis cutis, 10.6%; palmoplantar pustulosis, 5.3%; psoriasis, 3.8%; other, 26.1%). Lesions typically developed at flexural regions, genitalia, and the scalp, especially the psoriasiform lesions. Thirty-one percent of women and 26% of men developed lesions. Median cumulative doses (2864 mg/y [IQR, 2203 to 3819 mg/y] and 2927 mg/y [IQR, 2377 to 3667 mg/y]) and trough levels (4.2 µg/mL [IQR, 2.6 to 5.8 µg/mL] and 4.0 µg/mL [IQR, 1.6 to 5.9 µg/mL]) of infliximab were similar in patients with and without lesions. All but 28 patients (11%) were successfully managed without needing to stop therapy because of lesions. Limitation: Retrospective nature and no matched control group of patients not receiving anti-TNF therapy. Conclusion: Skin lesions occur frequently in association with anti-TNF therapy but rarely require discontinuation of therapy. Close surveillance and early referral to a dedicated dermatologist are recommended. Primary Funding Source: Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Belgium; Geconcerteerde Onderzoekacties of KU Leuven; and Janssen Biologics.