tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis and treatment of a case of cutaneous cytomegalovirus infection with a dramatic clinical presentation
Authors: A S Colsky, S M Jegasothy, C Leonardi, R S Kirsner, F A Kerdel
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1998)

<h2>Abstract</h2> A patient receiving long-term immunosuppressive treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus developed multiple large painful ulcers on her upper body. Histologic analysis showed cytopathic changes typical of cytomegalovirus infection that was confirmed by immunoperoxidase staining and polymerase chain reaction analyses. Treatment with ganciclovir and foscarnet resulted in clinical resolution. No recurrence was evident 6 months later. (J Am Acad Dermatol 1998;38:349-51.)
EG-08 * IDH MUTATIONS IN GLIOMAS ASSOCIATED WITH ENCHONDROMATOSIS
Authors: M. K. Nicholas, L. Joseph, S. Venneti, A. Daher, P. Pytel
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

The enchondromatoses, Ollier's disease and Maffucci syndrome, are non-heritable developmental disorders characterized by multiple enchondromas (Olllier's) in association with hemangiomas (Maffucci). Glial neoplasms are reported in both disorders but a pathogenic mechanism underlying this association has not been identified. We report a case of anaplastic astrocytoma in a 23 year old man with Maffucci syndrome whose tumor carried a substitution mutation of arginine for cysteine at position 132 (R132C) of the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) protein. This mutation, commonly found in Maffucci-associated enchondromas and hemangiomas, was not detected on routine immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis of the astrocytoma using the R132H mutation-specific antibody, commonly applied in clinical laboratories. The R132C mutation was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and subsequently confirmed using a SNaPshot assay. Because somatic mosaic IDH mutations are associated with enchondromas and hemangiomas in Maffucci syndrome, we looked for the R132C mutation in a hemangioma, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) and histologically normal brain surrounding the tumor from this patient. The mutation was present in the hemangioma, absent in PBMNC, and present in 2% of alleles in ‘normal’ brain. The low level in surrounding brain tissue is consistent with tumor cell infiltration, not mosaicism, as a S173T p53 mutation in the tumor showed similar results. Using IHC, we further demonstrated that the mutant IDH1 protein in this glioma functions as an oncometabolite. Two repressive histone trimethylation marks were strongly positive in the tumor, supporting a role for 2-hydroxyglutarate in the inhibition of histone demethylation. Together, these data demonstrate that an IDH1 mutation common in enchodromatoses underlies the association of glial tumors reported in both Ollier's disease and Maffucci syndrome.
Serotonergic mediation of postprandial colonic tonic and phasic responses in humans.
Authors: M R von der Ohe, R B Hanson, M Camilleri
Journal: Gut (1994)

This study examined the hypothesis that 5HT3 mechanisms mediate the postprandial gastrocolonic response in humans. Fasting and postprandial colonic tone and motility were studied in 12 healthy volunteers and the effects of a selective 5HT3 antagonist, ondansetron assessed in a double blind, randomised, placebo controlled fashion. A manometry barostat assembly was positioned in the transverse or descending colon to quantitate contractile activity fasting, after drug infusion and postprandially after a 1000 kcal meal. Fasting colonic tone and motility indices were similar in the placebo and ondansetron groups; ondansetron did not affect fasting motility. The placebo group showed a significant reduction in barostat balloon volume (signifying increased tone) from 232 ml (median, interquartile range (IQR) 179-261) during fasting to 181 ml (median, IQR 128-208) (postprandially) (p = 0.02). In contrast, the ondansetron group did not have a tonic colonic response (median 248 ml (IQR 199-300) fasting to median, 226 ml (IQR 185-290) postprandially) after the meal. Phasic volume events measured by the barostat increased postprandially in both groups. Postprandial motor activity measured by manometry increased significantly in the placebo group, but not in the ondansetron group. In conclusion, a 5HT3 mechanism participates in the physiological contractile responses in the human transverse and descending colon after ingestion of a high energy meal.
No Relation Between Cystic Fibrosis–Related Diabetes and Type 1 Diabetes Autoimmunity
Authors: Peter A. Gottlieb, Liping Yu, Sunanda Babu, Janet Wenzlau, Melena Bellin, Brigitte I. Frohnert, Antoinette Moran
Journal: Diabetes Care (2012)

Diabetes is the most common comorbidity in individuals with cystic fibrosis. The etiology is poorly understood. Data on the presence of diabetes autoantibodies are conflicting, and little is known about type 1 diabetes gene associations. Our goal was to determine the prevalence of antibodies and HLA haplotypes known to be associated with type 1 diabetes in cystic fibrosis–related diabetes (CFRD).

Patients with CFRD with fasting hyperglycemia were recruited from the University of Minnesota. Serum for antibodies and buffy coats for HLA were sent for analysis to the Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes (BDC). All patients gave informed consent. The Eisenbarth laboratory at BDC serves as the autoantibody/HLA reference laboratory for large national diabetes studies. Insulin, insulinoma-associated protein 2 (IA-2), GAD65, and zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8) autoantibodies were measured by radioimmunoassay …
Sarcomas of Soft Tissues After Vietnam Service
Authors: P Greenwald, B Kovasznay, D N Collins, G Therriault
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)

Sarcomas of Soft Tissues After Vietnam Service Get access Peter Greenwald, M.D., Dr. P.H., Peter Greenwald, M.D., Dr. P.H. 3 3Address reprint requests to Dr. Greenwald, Building 31, Room 4A32, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. 20205. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Beatrice Kovasznay, M.D., Ph.D., Beatrice Kovasznay, M.D., Ph.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Doris N. Collins, M.D., Doris N. Collins, M.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Gene Therriault, M.S.P.H. Gene Therriault, M.S.P.H. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 73, Issue 5, November 1984, Pages 1107–1109, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/73.5.1107 Published: 01 November 1984 Article history Received: 08 May 1984 Accepted: 03 July 1984 Published: 01 November 1984
Effect of lung transplantation on right and left ventricular volumes and function measured by magnetic resonance imaging.
Authors: S Globits, O C Burghuber, J Koller, P Schenk, H Frank, M Grimm, A End, D Glogar, H Imhof, W Klepetko
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

To evaluate the effect of lung transplantation on right ventricular (RV) and left ventricular (LV) volumes and function, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed in 11 patients before and 6 to 24 months after single (n = 7) or double (n = 4) lung transplantation as well as in 15 healthy control subjects. Prior to transplantation, RV end-diastolic (RVEDVI, ml/m2) and end-systolic (RVESVI, ml/m2) volume indices were significantly increased in patients compared with those in control subjects. RV ejection fraction (RVEF, %), although within the lower normal range, was significantly reduced. In contrast, LV volume indices (ml/m2) were significantly smaller in patients than in control subjects, whereas LV ejection fraction (LVEF, %) was not different from that in normal subjects. After lung transplantation, MRI revealed a significant reduction in RVEDVI from 73 +/- 29 to 54 +/- 14 (p = 0.03) and RVESVI from 38 +/- 23 to 20 +/- 6 (p = 0.01) with a concomitant significant increase in RVEF from 48 +/- 14 to 63 +/- 6 (p = 0.01). Consecutively, the LV expanded to normal (LVEDVI from 49 +/- 12 to 65 +/- 14, p = 0.01; LVESVI from 23 +/- 9 to 28 +/- 7, p = 0.05), whereas LVEF remained unchanged (55 +/- 9 versus 56 +/- 8).
Genome-wide association study identifies a susceptibility locus for thoracic aortic aneurysms and aortic dissections spanning FBN1 at 15q21.1
Authors: Scott A LeMaire, Merry-Lynn N McDonald, Dong-chuan Guo, Ludivine Russell, Charles C Miller, Ralph J Johnson, Mir Reza Bekheirnia, Luis M Franco, Mary Nguyen, Reed E Pyeritz, Joseph E Bavaria, Richard Devereux, Cheryl Maslen, Kathryn W Holmes, Kim Eagle, Simon C Body, Christine Seidman, J G Seidman, Eric M Isselbacher, Molly Bray, Joseph S Coselli, Anthony L Estrera, Hazim J Safi, John W Belmont, Suzanne M Leal, Dianna M Milewicz
Journal: Nature Genetics (2011)
Nocturia may be due to growing old
Authors: J. Blandy
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Table 1-Correlation coefficients between height and waist circumference in subjects identified by waist circum- ference action level 1 (94 cm in men and 80 cm in women) Men WomenWaist <94 cm Waist ¢94 cm Waist <80 cm Waist ¢80 cm Age (years) No
STUDIES ON THE PATHOGENESIS OF MENINGITIS. II. DEVELOPMENT OF MENINGITIS DURING PNEUMOCOCCAL BACTEREMIA*
Authors: Robert G. Petersdorf, David R. Swarner, Manuel Garcia
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1962)

In a previous publication we described an ex- perimental form of pneumococcal meningitis in dogs, which was produced by introduction of type III pneumococci into the subarachnoid space through a small midline burr hole placed equi- distant between the coronal and occipital sutures (1).The infection produced in this manner in- volved the entire neuraxis and, with the exception of marked changes in the spinal cord, closely resembled that found in man.It seems unlikely, however, that entry from the external environment is the only means by which bacteria enter the subarachnoid space.An alternative possibility is that the meninges are infected by way of the blood stream.The present paper is concerned with the development of meningitis during pneumococcal bacteremia in dogs.
Phase I Clinical Trial of a Selective Inhibitor of CYP17, Abiraterone Acetate, Confirms That Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Commonly Remains Hormone Driven
Authors: Gerhardt Attard, Alison H.M. Reid, Timothy A. Yap, Florence Raynaud, Mitch Dowsett, Sarah Settatree, Mary Barrett, Christopher Parker, Vanessa Martins, Elizabeth Folkerd, Jeremy Clark, Colin S. Cooper, Stan B. Kaye, David Dearnaley, Gloria Lee, Johann S. de Bono
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

Studies indicate that castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) remains driven by ligand-dependent androgen receptor (AR) signaling. To evaluate this, a trial of abiraterone acetate-a potent, selective, small-molecule inhibitor of cytochrome P (CYP) 17, a key enzyme in androgen synthesis-was pursued.Chemotherapy-naïve men (n = 21) who had prostate cancer that was resistant to multiple hormonal therapies were treated in this phase I study of once-daily, continuous abiraterone acetate, which escalated through five doses (250 to 2,000 mg) in three-patient cohorts.Abiraterone acetate was well tolerated. The anticipated toxicities attributable to a syndrome of secondary mineralocorticoid excess-namely hypertension, hypokalemia, and lower-limb edema-were successfully managed with a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist. Antitumor activity was observed at all doses; however, because of a plateau in pharmacodynamic effect, 1,000 mg was selected for cohort expansion (n = 9). Abiraterone acetate administration was associated with increased levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone and steroids upstream of CYP17 and with suppression of serum testosterone, downstream androgenic steroids, and estradiol in all patients. Declines in prostate-specific antigen >or= 30%, 50%, and 90% were observed in 14 (66%), 12 (57%), and 6 (29%) patients, respectively, and lasted between 69 to >or= 578 days. Radiologic regression, normalization of lactate dehydrogenase, and improved symptoms with a reduction in analgesic use were documented.CYP17 blockade by abiraterone acetate is safe and has significant antitumor activity in CRPC. These data confirm that CRPC commonly remains dependent on ligand-activated AR signaling.
Proteomic-Based Discovery and Characterization of Glycosylated Eosinophil-Derived Neurotoxin and COOH-Terminal Osteopontin Fragments for Ovarian Cancer in Urine
Authors: Bin Ye, Steven Skates, Samuel C. Mok, Nora K. Horick, Helene F. Rosenberg, Allison Vitonis, Dale Edwards, Patrick Sluss, Won K. Han, Ross S. Berkowitz, Daniel W. Cramer
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Purpose: The objective was to identify and characterize low molecular weight proteins/peptides in urine and their posttranslational modifications that might be used as a screening tool for ovarian cancer. Experimental Design: Urine samples collected preoperatively from postmenopausal women with ovarian cancer and benign conditions and from nonsurgical controls were analyzed by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Selected proteins from mass profiles were purified by chromatography and followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry sequence analysis. Specific antibodies were generated for further characterization, including immunoprecipitation and glycosylation. Quantitative and semiquantitative ELISAs were developed for preliminary validation in patients of 128 ovarian cancer, 52 benign conditions, 44 other cancers, and 188 healthy controls. Results: A protein (m/z ∼17,400) with higher peak intensities in cancer patients than in benign conditions and controls was identified and subsequently defined as eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN). A glycosylated form of EDN was specifically elevated in ovarian cancer patients. A cluster of COOH-terminal osteopontin was identified from two-dimensional gels of urine from cancer patients. Modified forms EDN and osteopontin fragments were elevated in early-stage ovarian cancers and a combination of both resulted to 93% specificity and 72% sensitivity. Conclusions: Specific elevated posttranslationally modified urinary EDN and osteopontin COOH-terminal fragments in ovarian cancer might lead to potential noninvasive screening tests for early diagnosis. Urine with less complexity than serum and relatively high thermodynamic stability of peptides or metabolites is a promising study medium for discovery of the novel biomarkers which may present in many nonurinary tract neoplastic diseases.
Tamsulosin treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia and risk of severe hypotension in men aged 40-85 years in the United States: risk window analyses using between and within patient methodology
Authors: S. T. Bird, J. A. C. Delaney, J. M. Brophy, M. Etminan, S. C. Skeldon, A. G. Hartzema
Journal: BMJ (2013)

<b>Objective</b> To characterize risk of hypotension requiring admission to hospital in middle aged and older men treated with tamsulosin for benign prostatic hyperplasia. <b>Design</b> Population based retrospective cohort study (between patient methodology) and self controlled case series (within patient methodology). <b>Setting</b> Healthcare claims data from the IMS Lifelink database in the United States. <b>Participants</b> Men aged 40-85 years with private US healthcare insurance entering the cohort at their first dispensing for tamsulosin or for a 5α reductase inhibitor (5ARI) between January 2001 and June 2011after a minimum of six months' enrolment. <b>Main outcomes measures</b> Hypotension requiring admission to hospital. Cox proportional hazards models estimated rate ratios at time varying intervals during follow-up: weeks 1-4, 5-8, and 9-12 after tamsulosin initiation; weeks 1-4, 5-8, and 9-12 after restarting tamsulosin (after a four week gap); and maintenance tamsulosin treatment (remaining exposed person time). Covariates included age, calendar year, demographics, antihypertensive use, healthcare use, and a Charlson comorbidity score. A self controlled case series, having implicit control for time invariant covariates, was additionally conducted. <b>Results</b> Among 383 567 new users of study drugs (tamsulosin 297 596; 5ARI 85 971), 2562 admissions to hospital for severe hypotension were identified. The incidence for hypotension was higher for tamsulosin (42.4 events per 10 000 person years) than for 5ARIs (31.3 events per 10 000 person years) or all accrued person time (29.1 events per 10 000 person years). After tamsulosin initiation, the cohort analysis identified an increased rate of hypotension during weeks 1-4 (rate ratio 2.12 (95% confidence interval 1.29 to 3.04)) and 5-8 (1.51 (1.04 to 2.18)), and no significant increase at weeks 9-12. The rate ratio for hypotension also increased at weeks 1-4 (1.84 (1.46 to 2.33)) and 5-8 (1.85 (1.45 to 2.36)) after restarting tamsulosin, as did maintenance tamsulosin treatment (1.19 (1.07 to 1.32)). The self controlled case series gave similar results as the cohort analysis. <b>Conclusions</b> We observed a temporal association between tamsulosin use for benign prostatic hyperplasia and severe hypotension during the first eight weeks after initiating treatment and the first eight weeks after restarting treatment. This association suggests that physicians should focus on improving counseling strategies to warn patients regarding the "first dose phenomenon" with tamsulosin.
Memory consolidation during sleep: A form of brain restitution
Authors: Bhavin R. Sheth
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2005)

Does sleep restore brain function or does it consolidate memory? I argue that memory consolidation during sleep is an offshoot of restitution. Continual learning causes local synapse-specific neural fatigue, which then masks expression of that learning, especially on time-limited tests of procedural skills. Sleep serves to restore the fatigued synapses, revealing the consolidation-based enhancement observed as a “latent” overnight improvement in learning.
Inefficiency of C3H/HeN Mice to Control Chlamydial Lung Infection Correlates with Downregulation of Neutrophil Activation During the Late Stage of Infection
Authors: Xiaofei Tang, Xiaokun Bu, Naihong Zhang, Xiaoxia Li, Huanjun Huang, Hong Bai, Xi Yang
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2009)
The Clinician as Investigator
Authors: Ellis W. Lader, Christopher P. Cannon, E. Magnus Ohman, L. Kristin Newby, Daniel P. Sulmasy, Robyn J. Barst, Joan M. Fair, Marcus Flather, Jane E. Freedman, Robert L. Frye, Mary M. Hand, Robert L. Jesse, Frans Van de Werf, Fernando Costa
Journal: Circulation (2004)
Phenotypic associations of genetic susceptibility loci in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Elena Sanchez, Ajay Nadig, Bruce C Richardson, Barry I Freedman, Kenneth M Kaufman, Jennifer A Kelly, Timothy B Niewold, Diane L Kamen, Gary S Gilkeson, Julie T Ziegler, Carl D Langefeld, Graciela S Alarcón, Jeffrey C Edberg, Rosalind Ramsey-Goldman, Michelle Petri, Elizabeth E Brown, Robert P Kimberly, John D Reveille, Luis M Vilá, Joan T Merrill, Juan-Manuel Anaya, Judith A James, Bernardo A Pons-Estel, Javier Martin, So-Yeon Park, So-Young Bang, Sang-Cheol Bae, Kathy L Moser, Timothy J Vyse, Lindsey A Criswell, Patrick M Gaffney, Betty P Tsao, Chaim O Jacob, John B Harley, Marta E Alarcón-Riquelme, Amr H Sawalha
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2011)

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a clinically heterogeneous autoimmune disease. A number of genetic loci that increase lupus susceptibility have been established. This study examines if these genetic loci also contribute to the clinical heterogeneity in lupus.
Surfactant Protein A Gene Deletion and Prognostics for Patients with Stage I Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Feng Jiang, Nancy P. Caraway, Benjamin Nebiyou Bekele, Hua-Zhong Zhang, Abha Khanna, Huijun Wang, Ruiyun Li, Ricardo L. Fernandez, Tanweer M. Zaidi, Dennis A. Johnston, Ruth L. Katz
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Purpose: The present study was conducted to determine clinical relevance of surfactant protein A (SP-A) genetic aberrations in early-stage non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Experimental Design: To determine whether SP-A aberrations are lung cancer–specific and indicate smoking-related damage, tricolor fluorescence in situ hybridization with SP-A and PTEN probes was done on touch imprints from the lung tumors obtained prospectively from 28 patients with primary NSCLC. To further define the clinical relevance of SP-A aberrations, fluorescence in situ hybridization was done on both tumor cells and adjacent bronchial tissue cells from paraffin-embedded tissue blocks from 130 patients NSCLC for whom we had follow-up information. Results: SP-A was deleted from 89% of cancer tissues and the deletion was related to the smoking status of patients (P &amp;lt; 0.001). PTEN was deleted from 16% in the cancer tissues and the deletion was not related to the smoking status of patients (P &amp;gt; 0.05). In the cells isolated from paraffin-embedded tissue blocks, SP-A was deleted from 87% of the carcinoma tissues and 32% of the adjacent normal-appearing bronchial tissues. SP-A deletions in tumors and adjacent normal-appearing bronchial tissues were associated with increases in the risk of disease relapse (P = 0.0035 and P &amp;lt; 0.001, respectively). SP-A deletions in the bronchial epithelium were the strongest prognostic indicators of disease-specific survival (P = 0.025). Conclusions: Deletions of the SP-A gene are specific genomic aberrations in bronchial epithelial cells adjacent to and within NSCLC, and are associated with tumor progression and a history of smoking. SP-A deletions might be a useful biomarker to identify poor prognoses in patients with NSCLC who might therefore benefit from adjuvant treatment.
Money and motivational activation
Authors: Arthur B. Markman, Serge Blok, John Dennis, Micah Goldwater, Kyungil Kim, Jeff Laux, Lisa Narvaez, Jon Rein
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2006)

Different aspects of people's interactions with money are best conceptualized using the drug and tool theories. The key question is when these models of money are most likely to guide behavior. We suggest that the Drug Theory characterizes motivationally active uses of money and that the Tool Theory characterizes behavior in motivationally cool situations.
Pregnant Women With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Risk of Preterm Birth
Authors: Kimberly Ann Yonkers, Megan V. Smith, Ariadna Forray, C. Neill Epperson, Darce Costello, Haiqun Lin, Kathleen Belanger
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2014)

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) occurs in about 8% of pregnant women. Stressful conditions, including PTSD, are inconsistently linked to preterm birth. Psychotropic treatment has been frequently associated with preterm birth. Identifying whether the psychiatric illness or its treatment is independently associated with preterm birth may help clinicians and patients when making management decisions.
Recurrence and Mortality Following Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions
Authors: Yaron Finkelstein, Erin M. Macdonald, Ping Li, Janine R. Hutson, David N. Juurlink
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are life-threatening conditions. Both primarily develop as idiosyncratic responses to drugs,1 resulting in extensive epidermal detachment. Recurrence has been reported in isolated cases, and the overall risk of recurrence is unknown. Given the rarity of SJS and TEN, valid inferences about recurrence rates require the study of large populations over an extended period. We examined the long-term risk of recurrence following a first SJS or TEN episode.