tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ultrastructure of Gliomas Induced in Hamsters With Rous Sarcoma Virus
Authors: Emilio Bucciarelli, Giancarlo F. Rabotti, Albert J. Dalton
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1967)

The ultrastructure of gliomas induced in hamsters with intracerebral inoculation of Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) has been studied. The strains of RSV used in the present investigation were Bryan high-titer and Schmidt-Ruppin. A high degree of pleomorphism was recognized among the neoplastic cells. Nevertheless, the ultrastructural characteristics of most cells were consistent with those reported for neoplastic astrocytes in man and resembled normal protoplasmic and fibrillar astrocytes or had the characteristics of gemistocytic astrocytes. Mitosis of the glial cells and proliferation of the vascular stroma were particularly prominent, these characteristics being consistent with the diagnosis of malignant astrocytoma. “Nuclear bodies” and crystalline aggregates of unknown material were observed within the nuclei of the neoplastic cells. No virus particles with the morphology of the causative agent were found. The significance of the failure to find such particles in the hamster gliomas, though they were found in dog meningiomas induced with RSV, is discussed.
AB0766 Comparing Iphone Compass Application with Inclinometer and Universal Goniometer for the Assessment of Cervical Rotation in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: G. Kenar, B. Zengin, H. Yarkan, P. Cetin, I. Sari, F. Onen, N. Akkoc
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Cervical rotation reflects restriction of mobility in axial disease in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and it can be assessed in several approaches based on the use of either an inclinometer, a goniometer or a tape measure. New generations of smartphones are equipped with a gyroscope and an accelerometer which in combination with a smartphone9s operating system or specific software applications can be used for various inclinometric functions. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of the study was to assess the reliability and validity of using iphone built in compass application, as compared to using inclinometer and universal goniometer in the assessment of cervical rotation patients with AS. <h3>Methods</h3> The study sample included 30 AS patients (8 females, 22 males) with a mean age of 46.8 (±12.2). BASMI scores were obtained from patient charts. The mean BASMI score of AS patients was 37.6 (±30.6). Two examiners measured cervical rotation of each patient using iPhone4 compass application and also inclinometer and universal goniometer, twice with each method. A cap with a velcro patch on top and an iphone case with a Velcro patch on the bottom were used to stabilize the iphone9s position during measurements. Intra-rater and inter-rater reliability were examined with intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC). The agreements between the methods facing one another, were assessed by Bland-Altman method. <h3>Results</h3> We observed an excellent intra and inter-rater reliability in the whole study sample for all three methods (Table 1 and Table 2). Bland-Altman analysis showed a good agreement between the iphone and inclinometer methods with a mean difference (bias) of -5.6 for examiner 1 (95% CI -7.6 to -3.6) and -6.3 for examiner 2 (95% CI -8.8 to -3.8). Upper and lower limits of agreement were 4.9 (95% CI 1.4 to 8.3) and -16.2 (95% CI −19.6 to -12.7) for examiner, and 6.6 (95% CI 2.3 to 10.9) and -19.3 (95% CI -23.5 to -15.0) for examiner 2. Mean differences according to Bland-Altman analysis between the iphone and universal goniometer measurements were 2.3 for examiner 1 (95%CI -0.4 to 5.2) and 4.1 for examiner 2; between the universal goniometer and inclinometer were -8.0 for examiner 1 (95% CI -11.2 to -4.8) and -10.4 for examiner 2. <h3>Conclusions</h3> IPhone compass application is a simple and accessible way of measuring cervical rotation in patients with AS. Measurements acquired with iphone show excellent intra and inter-rater reliability and a good agreement with inclinometer and universal goniometer, with slightly lower values than obtained with inclinometer, and slightly higher values than with universal goniometer. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
A predictive computational framework for direct reprogramming between human cell types
Authors: Owen J L Rackham, Jaber Firas, Hai Fang, Matt E Oates, Melissa L Holmes, Anja S Knaupp, Harukazu Suzuki, Christian M Nefzger, Carsten O Daub, Jay W Shin, Enrico Petretto, Alistair R R Forrest, Yoshihide Hayashizaki, Jose M Polo, Julian Gough
Journal: Nature Genetics (2016)
Two heads better than one? Ipilimumab immunotherapy and radiation therapy for melanoma brain metastases
Authors: Kirtesh R. Patel, David H. Lawson, Ragini R. Kudchadkar, Bradley C. Carthon, Daniel E. Oliver, Derick Okwan-Duodu, Rafi Ahmed, Mohammad K. Khan
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

Melanoma is an aggressive malignancy with a deplorable penchant for spreading to the brain. While focal therapies such as surgery and stereotactic radiosurgery can help provide local control, the majority of patients still develop intracranial progression. Novel therapeutic combinations to improve outcomes for melanoma brain metastases (MBM) are clearly needed. Ipilimumab, the anticytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 monoclonal antibody, has been shown to improve survival in patients with metastatic melanoma, but many of these trials either excluded or had very few patients with MBM. This article will review the efficacy and limitations of ipilimumab therapy for MBM, describe the current evidence for combining ipilimumab with radiation therapy, illustrate potential mechanisms for synergy, and discuss emerging clinical trials specifically investigating this combination in MBM.
Complete surgical resection of residual melanoma metastasis and survival in stage IV patients following high-dose IL-2 therapy
Authors: B. Taback, J. Honeyman, C. Liu, G. DeRaffele, H. L. Kaufman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

20000 Patients diagnosed with systemic melanoma metastasis historically have a very poor prognosis. Immunotherapy with high-dose IL-2 (HD IL-2) is associated with improved overall survival (OS) in select patients who achieve a complete response (CR) and, to a lesser extent, a partial response (PR) following treatment. In order to evaluate the role of complete surgical resection of melanoma metastasis in patients with residual disease following HD IL-2 therapy, we retrospectively reviewed our database of 145 AJCC stage IV melanoma patients (97 males/ 48 females; mean age 52 yrs) treated at our institution from January 2002 to the present. A mean of 2.2 cycles of HD IL-2 were completed by the group. There were 3 treatment related deaths. The median follow-up for all patients was 7 months. Overall response rate was 14%, with 4% CR and 10% PR. Eleven patients (8 PR, 3 stable disease) were able to attain surgical complete response (sCR) with resection of residual disease following HD IL-2. There were no post-operative complications. The mean number of disease sites resected was 1.4 and were as follows: 6 lung, 2 lymph node, 5 soft tissue, 1 bowel, and 1 bone. The median overall survival was 8 mos for the entire group, but it has not yet been reached in patients achieving sCR after a mean follow-up of 31 mos (p< 0.001). An aggressive surgical approach in metastatic melanoma patients with limited sites of disease who achieve a PR or SD following HD IL-2 therapy that results in a sCR is associated with improved overall survival. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Rivaroxaban for Thromboprophylaxis in Patients Undergoing Total Hip Replacement: Comparison of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics with Once- and Twice-Daily Dosing.
Authors: Wolfgang Mueck, Bengt I. Eriksson, Lars C. Borris, Ola E. Dahl, Sylvia Haas, Menno V. Huisman, Ajay K. Kakkar, Peter Kälebo, Eva Muehlhofer, Frank Misselwitz
Journal: Blood (2006)
Methodologic issues in trials of antiemetics.
Authors: J L Pater, A R Willan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1984)

Studies of antiemetics require consideration of methodologic issues that may not be of concern in trials of antineoplastics. This paper illustrates how the strength of the results of these studies can be affected by (1) the types of patients studied, (2) the sample size, (3) the trial design, (4) the choice and definition of outcome measures, and (5) the method of analysis.
Serum prolactin in colorectal cancer patients promotes endothelial cell proliferation
Authors: M. Gutiérrez, C. González, B. Trejo, P. Luna, C. Clapp
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

9604 Background: Circulating PRL has been found to have prognostic impact in colorectal cancer patients, but no mechanism has been proposed for this association. Prolactin (PRL) and derived peptides participate in the regulation of angiogenesis. PRL stimulates blood vessel formation in the chick chorioallantoic membrane assay, whereas the 16-kDa N-terminal fragment of PRL inhibits neovascularization in this assay and angiogenesis in vitro. The purpose of this study was to test whether PRL actions in angiogenesis may contribute to its prognostic impact in colorectal cancer. Methods: We measured serum PRL and survival rates in 30 colorectal cancer patients, and investigated whether immuno-sequestration of PRL with anti-PRL antibodies or addition of exogenous PRL altered the ability of serum from these patients to stimulate the proliferation of umbilical vein endothelial cells in culture. Results: PRL concentrations ranged from 4.8 to 12.0 ng/ml. In Kaplan-Meier curves a significant positive association was observed between serum PRL levels (in terciles) and survival disadvantage (P = 0.03, Log-Rank test). Serum from colorectal cancer patients and controls stimulated the proliferation of endothelial cells. The mitogenic potency was greater (P=0.04, ANOVA) in serum from patients with higher PRL than with lower PRL levels and was also greater than serum from controls with either high or low PRL values. Anti-PRL antibodies, but not control antibodies, abolished this difference. In a different set of experiments, exogenous PRL stimulated the proliferation of endothelial cells when cultured with serum from patients with cancer (P=0.01, ANOVA) but had no effect on the proliferation of endothelial cells cultured with serum from controls. Conclusions: Prospective data support the association between higher, albeit normal, circulating PRL values and poor prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer. Manipulation of PRL concentrations through immunoneutralization or addition of exogenous PRL indicates that higher PRL levels are angiogenic in presence of serum from cancer patients but not from control patients. This angiogenic action of PRL may help explain the association between serum PRL and the progression of this disease. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Characterization of the Incidence and Management of Gastrointestinal Toxicity in the Phase 3 Panorama 1 Study of Panobinostat Plus Bortezomib and Dexamethasone Versus Placebo Plus Bortezomib and Dexamethasone in Patients with Relapsed or Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Paul G. Richardson, Vania T M Hungria, Sung-Soo Yoon, Meral Beksac, Meletios A. Dimopoulos, Ashraf Elghandour, Wieslaw Wiktor Jedrzejczak, Andreas Guenther, Thanyaphong Na Nakorn, Noppadol Siritanaratkul, Robert L. Schlossman, Jian Hou, Philippe Moreau, Sagar Lonial, Jae Hoon Lee, Hermann Einsele, Hans Salwender, Monika Sopala, Ashok Panneerselvam, Suman Redhu, Claudia Corrado, Florence Binlich, Jesus F. San Miguel
Journal: Blood (2014)
Why we can talk, debate, and change our minds: Neural circuits, basal ganglia operations, and transcriptional factors
Authors: Philip Lieberman
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2014)

Abstract Ackermann et al. disregard attested knowledge concerning aphasia, Parkinson disease, cortical-to-striatal circuits, basal ganglia, laryngeal phonation, and other matters. Their dual-pathway model cannot account for “what is special about the human brain.” Their human cortical-to-laryngeal neural circuit does not exist. Basal ganglia operations, enhanced by mutations on FOXP2, confer human motor-control, linguistic, and cognitive capabilities.
Neural Cell Adhesion Protein CNTN1 Promotes the Metastatic Progression of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Judy Yan, Diane Ojo, Anil Kapoor, Xiaozeng Lin, Jehonathan H. Pinthus, Tariq Aziz, Tarek A. Bismar, Fengxiang Wei, Nicholas Wong, Jason De Melo, Jean-Claude Cutz, Pierre Major, Geoffrey Wood, Hao Peng, Damu Tang
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Prostate cancer metastasis is the main cause of disease-related mortality. Elucidating the mechanisms underlying prostate cancer metastasis is critical for effective therapeutic intervention. In this study, we performed gene-expression profiling of prostate cancer stem-like cells (PCSC) derived from DU145 human prostate cancer cells to identify factors involved in metastatic progression. Our studies revealed contactin 1 (CNTN1), a neural cell adhesion protein, to be a prostate cancer-promoting factor. CNTN1 knockdown reduced PCSC-mediated tumor initiation, whereas CNTN1 overexpression enhanced prostate cancer cell invasion in vitro and promoted xenograft tumor formation and lung metastasis in vivo. In addition, CNTN1 overexpression in DU145 cells and corresponding xenograft tumors resulted in elevated AKT activation and reduced E-cadherin (CDH1) expression. CNTN1 expression was not readily detected in normal prostate glands, but was clearly evident on prostate cancer cells in primary tumors and lymph node and bone metastases. Tumors from 637 patients expressing CNTN1 were associated with prostate cancer progression and worse biochemical recurrence-free survival following radical prostatectomy (P < 0.05). Collectively, our findings demonstrate that CNTN1 promotes prostate cancer progression and metastasis, prompting further investigation into the mechanisms that enable neural proteins to become aberrantly expressed in non-neural malignancies.
Expression of A- and C-Type Particles in Early Mouse Embryos
Authors: David G. Chase, Lajos Pikó
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

Electron microscopy of early mouse embryos from the 1-cell stage to the blastocyst revealed 2 types of intracisternal A particles, a C-type particle budding into the extracellular space, and an endoplasmic reticulum-associated “dense-cored vesicle.” The morphology of these particles was described. The occurrence and frequency of the particles showed a marked dependence on the developmental stage of the embryo.
1,1-Dimethylhydrazine (Unsymmetrical) Carcinogenesis in Mice. Light Microscopic and Ultrastructural Studies on Neoplastic Blood Vessels2
Authors: Bela Toth
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

Administration of 0.01% unsymmet,rical 1,1-dimethylhydrazine in the drinking water of 5-week-old randombred Swiss mice throughout their lifetime induced tumors of blood vessels, lung, kidney, and liver. The incidences of tumors in these 4 tissues were: 79, 71, 10, and 6%, while in the untreated controls they were 2, 11, 0, and 0%, respectively. The vascular tumors occurred in the liver, muscle, heart, lung, and fat. Macroscopic, light and electron microscopic, and histochemical examinations of the vascular lesions revealed a morphology typical of angiosarcomas. The gross and histologic involvement of the tissues with the tumors is described and illustrated. The ultrastructure of hemorrhagic areas, angiosarcoma with its components, and the neoplastic endothelial cells and their associated structures and membranes are shown in detail. The findings of this study prove unequivocally the carcinogenicity of this important rocket propellent and provide further evidence for a possible relationship between the chemical structure of hydrazine derivatives and tumor development at specific organ site.
Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery in elderly patients with locally advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Analysis of feasibility, toxicity and factors predicting surgical resection and survival
Authors: R. M. D'Angelillo, L. Trodella, S. Ramella, A. Cesario, S. Margaritora, M. Ciresa, M. Massaccesi, G. Macis, G. Avvisati, P. Granone
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

7167 Background: Recent data have shown the benefit of adding surgery to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, however no data are available for multimodality treatment including surgery in elderly patients, as well as for factors influencing toxicity, surgical resection and survival. Methods: patients 65 years or older, ECOG 0–1, with confirmed NSCLC and deemed unresectable for stage IIIA or IIIB disease or resectable only by a pneumonectomy, were treated according to a combined chemoradiation protocol with Carboplatin (CBCDA) or Gemcitabine (GEM). CBCDA (70 mg/m2/c.v.i.) was administered during four days the first and last week of RT, while GEM (300mg/m2) was given weekly; invoved field radiotherapy have been applied (total dose: 50.4 Gy; 1.8 Gy/day). Pulmonary, esophageal, cardiac, hematological and skin toxicities were assessed. PS, number and type of comorbidities have been recorded for all patients. Results: 76 patients are evaluable; we have registered 6 (7.9%) events of hematological G3–4 toxicity and two (2.6%) for non-hematological one's. One patients experienced a toxic death. ORR to induction treatment was 72.6%. PS, number or type of comorbidities do not influence acute toxicity and response. 53 patients were judged operable, and 37 (69.8%) have been radically resected; 16 patients after pneumological and internistic evaluation have not been deemed eligible. PS and pulmonary comorbidities influenced the chance to perform surgery (P=0009 and P=0.014 respectively). Median survival was 20.3 months for all patients, and 30.4 for resected one's. Surgery was the major statistically influencing parameter for survival in the multivariate analysis. Conclusions: elderly patients with good PS and without pulmonary comorbidities could be selected for multimodality treatment. Age, PS, number and type of comorbidities do not influences toxicity and survival, while PS and pulmonary comorbidities are a limiting factor to surgery that multivariate analysis revealed as the major statistically influencing parameters for survival . No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Incidence of AIDS- and non-AIDS-defining malignomas in HIV-positive patients—A nation-wide German overview 2000–2002
Authors: F. A. Mosthaf, A. Goetzenich, N. J. Ostrop-Hanhoff, E. Wolf, H. Knechten, P. Von Wussow
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

7554 Background: The primary purpose of this study was to gather data on the epidemiology of AIDS- and non-AIDS-defining malignomas in HIV-positive patients nation-wide in Germany. The secondary objective was to obtain information on their therapy and outcomes. Methods: Surveys were conducted targeting all HIV-specialty clinics and ambulatory care centres as well as all members of the national society of oncologists (BNHO). The surveys requested information on all AIDS- and non-AIDS-defining hematological neoplasms and solid tumors over 3 years (2000–2002) in HIV-positive patients, their tumor stage, their treatments and their clinical course. Further parameters were the CDC (Center for Disease Control)-stage of the HIV-infection and for 2002 the sex of the patient. Results: 60 centres participated in the evaluation and provided 382 data sets. Two data sets were dismissed, where the diagnosis was not made within the defined time frame. Thus 380 data sets from 376 patients could be evaluated (4 patients had 2 malignomas). 180 (47.4%) were AIDS-defining as follows: 89 Kaposi Sarcomas, 82 aggressive B-cell lymphomas, 9 invasive cervix carcimomas. The B-cell lymphomas further included 19 Burkitt’s lymphomas, 8 Castleman diseases, 12 primary cerebral lymphomas. Among the 200 cases (52.6%) of non-AIDS defining malignomas were 133 solid tumors including 40 anal carcinomas (= 20.0% of all non-AIDS defining malignancies) and 67 hemoblastoses including 22 Hodgkin lymphomas (= 11% of all non-AIDS defining malignancies). Conclusions: Our observation showed an unexpected high incidence of non AIDS-defining malignomas over the 3-year time interval followed. Anal carcinomas and M. Hodgkin lymphomas in particular were markedly more prevalent in our HIV-positive cohort compared to published reports of the general population. A conservative estimate showed the incidence of Hodgkin lymphomas to be 6- to 17-times higher, and that of anal carcinomas to be 30- to 60-times elevated. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Correlation between expression of p53, EGFR, cell proliferation defined by Ki67, and survival in stage III/IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: G. B. Malika, K. Bouzid, G. R Baba-Ahmed, T Makhloufi, S Taright, R Amrane, D Hannoun
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

21181 Background: The aim of the study was to assess the relation between expression of EGFR, p53, cell proliferation defined by the monoclonal antibody Ki67 and survival of patients with non-small cell lung cancer stage III and IV. Methods: 80 patients were included in this study (male 72 / female 8); the median follow up was 15 months. All tumor samples were formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded. The expression of p53, EGFR and Ki 67 were assessed with the use of immunohistochemically (IHC). P53 was assessed in 66 cases, EGFR in 73 cases and cell proliferation defined by the monoclonal antibody Ki67 in 63 cases. Results: The expression of p53 was positive in 20 % of cases, EGFR was positive in 58,7 % of cases and cell proliferation in 40 % of cases. Survival was estimated from the date of first cycle of chemotherapy using median survival and the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis method. Conclusion: At this time of the study, there was no relation between expression of p53, EGFR, cell proliferation defined by ki67 and survival. Larger and longer follow-up studies may be needed to determine the prognostic role of expression of those factors in NSCLC. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Response to Comment on Haroon et al. Risk of Dementia in Seniors With Newly Diagnosed Diabetes: A Population-Based Study. Diabetes Care 2015;38:1868–1875
Authors: Nisha Nigil Haroon, Peter C. Austin, Baiju R. Shah, Jianbao Wu, Sudeep S. Gill, Gillian L. Booth
Journal: Diabetes Care (2016)

We appreciate the comments raised by Kawada (1) on our recent article (2) regarding one of our study’s findings that hypertension appeared to be protective rather than a risk factor for the incidence of dementia. We agree that this result is somewhat paradoxical and counterintuitive given that prior cardiovascular conditions (stroke, coronary artery disease, and peripheral vascular disease) and chronic kidney disease were associated with a greater …