tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinical, electrocardiographic and echocardiographic abnormalities in Latin American migrants with newly diagnosed Chagas disease 2005-2009, Barcelona, Spain
Authors: L Valerio, S Roure, M Sabrià, X Balanzó, X Vallès, L Serés
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2011)

Following Latin American migration, Chagas disease has inevitably appeared in non-endemic countries in Europe and elsewhere. New policies are necessary to prevent transmission in those countries but the long, often undetected chronic period of the early stages of the disease also renders epidemiological studies important. The main objective of our study was to determine the presence of clinical, electrocardiogram (ECG) and echocardiographic abnormalities in a population of Latin American migrants infected with Trypanosoma cruzi at the moment of diagnosis. We performed a hospital-based observational study of 100 adult patients with newly diagnosed Chagas infection between January 2005 and December 2009. Thirty-seven patients were classified within the Brazilian Consensus on Chagas cardiomyopathy early cardiac stages (A or B1) and 49 presented pathological findings (stage B2) according to the Panamerican Health Organization Classification. Overall, 49 patients showed ECG and/or echocardiographic alterations. The presence of ECG and ecocardiographic alterations were significantly associated (p=0.038). The most frequent ECG and echocardiographic findings were right bundle branch block (12 cases) and impaired left ventricular wall relaxation (24 cases), respectively. In conclusion, ECG and echocardiographic alterations coherent with Chagas cardiomyopathy were found in a large proportion of newly diagnosed Latin American migrants infected with T. cruzi. In the mid-term, Chagas disease might become an important cause of chronic cadiomyopathy in our attendance area.
Interleukin-6 Overcomes p21WAF1 Upregulation and G1 Growth Arrest Induced by Dexamethasone and Interferon-γ in Multiple Myeloma Cells
Authors: Mitsuyoshi Urashima, Gerrard Teoh, Dharminder Chauhan, Yasutaka Hoshi, Atsushi Ogata, Steven P. Treon, Robert L. Schlossman, Kenneth C. Anderson
Journal: Blood (1997)
High-dose treatment with ADXS11-001, a listeria monocytogenes (Lm)-listeriolysin O (LLO) immunotherapy, in women with cervical cancer
Authors: Sharad Ghamande, David Mauro, Cheryl Price, Donna Wheatley, John Janik, Samir N Khleif
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2015)

Meeting abstracts Survival of patients with persistent and recurrent cervical cancer is dismal, and improvement remains a large unmet need. ADXS11-001 is a live, attenuated, bioengineered Lm -LLO immunotherapy for the treatment of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancers such as cervical
WITHDRAWN: Antitumor activity of folate-appended methyl-β-cyclodextrin in mice xenografted human solid tumor cells
Authors: Yuki Yamashita, Nao Tanaka, Risako Onodera, Keiichi Motoyama, Taishi Higashi, Hidetoshi Arima
Journal: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2015)

This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy.
Risk-based Patient Selection for Magnetic Resonance Imaging-targeted Prostate Biopsy after Negative Transrectal Ultrasound-guided Random Biopsy Avoids Unnecessary Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scans
Authors: Arnout R. Alberts, Ivo G. Schoots, Leonard P. Bokhorst, Geert J. van Leenders, Chris H. Bangma, Monique J. Roobol
Journal: European Urology (2015)
Characteristics and Short-Term Prognosis of Perioperative Myocardial Infarction in Patients Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery
Authors: P.J. Devereaux, Denis Xavier, Janice Pogue, Gordon Guyatt, Alben Sigamani, Ignacio Garutti, Kate Leslie, Purnima Rao-Melacini, Sue Chrolavicius, Homer Yang, Colin MacDonald, Alvaro Avezum, Luc Lanthier, Weijiang Hu, Salim Yusuf
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

Little is known about the characteristics and short-term prognosis of perioperative myocardial infarction (MI) in the setting of noncardiac surgery. In this multinational study of 8351 patients und...
Comparison between the effects of aerobic and breathing exercises on clinical and psychosocial morbidity in asthmatic patients
Authors: Milene Saccomani, Karen Evaristo, Marcos Rojo, Danilo F. Santaella, Alberto Cukier, Rafael Stelmach, Milton A. Martins, Celso R.F. Carvalho
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Aerobic and breathing exercises are the most used worldwide non-pharmacological strategies in the treatment of asthmatic patients; however, the comparison between both interventions has never been investigated.  Objective:  To compare the effect of aerobic and breathing exercises on clinical control, psychosocial morbidity and exercise capacity in asthmatic patients.  Methods:  Fifty patients with moderate or severe persistent asthma were randomized into Breathing (BG;n=24) or Aerobic Group (AG;n=26). BG performed yoga-breathing exercises while AG performed treadmill exercise beginning at 60% of the maximum predicted heart rate. Both interventions lasted 24 sessions (2xweek,40 min/session,3 months). Before and after interventions, patients fulfilled: asthma control (ACQ), health related quality of life (AQLQ) and anxiety and depression (HAD) questionnaires. Maximal aerobic capacity (Shuttle walking test) was also evaluated.  Results : No difference between groups was detected at baseline (p>0.05). Both groups similarly improved HAD score and all AQLQ domains: limitations, symptoms and emotional function (p>0.05). In addition, both interventions also improved asthma control and exercise capacity; however, patients from AG presented a higher improvement in both outcomes (respectively, ACQ, AG=1.9±1.1 vs. BG=1.6±0.9 score and Shuttle test, AG=98±16.2 meters vs. BG=70±24.4; p Conclusion:  Aerobic and breathing training have similar benefits on psychosocial morbidities but aerobic brings more benefits on asthma control and exercise capacity in patients with moderate and severe asthma.
A novel fully human monoclonal antibody that neutralizes multiple human IFN-α subtypes effectively: a candidate therapy for SLE
Authors: Shuang Wang, Peng Du
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2015)

Meeting abstracts Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic, heterogeneous autoimmune disease, and there is no specific drug for its effective treatment, which may be because of its complexity on pathogenic mechanism. A multitude of studies of SLE in the last decade have accentuated a central role
Raccoon Rabies Epizootic—United States, 1993
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Outcomes After Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy or Radiofrequency Ablation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Daniel R. Wahl, Matthew H. Stenmark, Yebin Tao, Erqi L. Pollom, Elaine M. Caoili, Theodore S. Lawrence, Matthew J. Schipper, Mary Feng
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

Data guiding selection of nonsurgical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are lacking. We therefore compared outcomes between stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for HCC.From 2004 to 2012, 224 patients with inoperable, nonmetastatic HCC underwent RFA (n = 161) to 249 tumors or image-guided SBRT (n = 63) to 83 tumors. We applied inverse probability of treatment weighting to adjust for imbalances in treatment assignment. Freedom from local progression (FFLP) and toxicity were retrospectively analyzed.RFA and SBRT groups were similar with respect to number of lesions treated per patient, type of underlying liver disease, and tumor size (median, 1.8 v 2.2 cm in maximum diameter; P = .14). However, the SBRT group had lower pretreatment Child-Pugh scores (P = .003), higher pretreatment alpha-fetoprotein levels (P = .04), and a greater number of prior liver-directed treatments (P < .001). One- and 2-year FFLP for tumors treated with RFA were 83.6% and 80.2% v 97.4% and 83.8% for SBRT. Increasing tumor size predicted for FFLP in patients treated with RFA (hazard ratio [HR], 1.54 per cm; P = .006), but not with SBRT (HR, 1.21 per cm; P = .617). For tumors ≥ 2 cm, there was decreased FFLP for RFA compared with SBRT (HR, 3.35; P = .025). Acute grade 3+ complications occurred after 11% and 5% of RFA and SBRT treatments, respectively (P = .31). Overall survival 1 and 2 years after treatment was 70% and 53% after RFA and 74% and 46% after SBRT.Both RFA and SBRT are effective local treatment options for inoperable HCC. Although these data are retrospective, SBRT appears to be a reasonable first-line treatment of inoperable, larger HCC.
Taxanes versus S-1 as the first-line chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer (SELECT BC): an open-label, non-inferiority, randomised phase 3 trial
Authors: Tsutomu Takashima, Hirofumi Mukai, Fumikata Hara, Nobuaki Matsubara, Tsuyoshi Saito, Toshimi Takano, Youngjin Park, Tatsuya Toyama, Yasuo Hozumi, Junji Tsurutani, Shigeru Imoto, Takanori Watanabe, Yoshiaki Sagara, Reiki Nishimura, Kojiro Shimozuma, Yasuo Ohashi
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2015)
Quantitative Whole Body Autoradiography (QWBA) Analysis Reveals That CPX-351 Shifts the Exposure of Cytarabine (Cyt) and Daunorubicin (Daun) Away from Many Tissues While Providing Prolonged Exposure to Cytotoxic Drug Concentrations in the Bone Marrow Compared to Conventional Free Drug Administration
Authors: Lawrence D Mayer, Nicole Sadowski, Paul Tardi, Xiaowei Xie, Donna Cabral-Lilly, Dennis Heller
Journal: Blood (2014)
Sequence evolution of the porB gene of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Neisseria meningitidis: evidence of positive Darwinian selection.
Authors: N H Smith, J Maynard Smith, B G Spratt
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1995)

Protein 1 (PI) is a major porin of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Neisseria meningitidis and is encoded by a single locus, porB. Alleles of the porB locus of N. gonorrhoeae are assigned to two homology groups, PI(A) and PI(B), on the basis of immunological and structural similarity. In a like manner, alleles of the porB locus of the closely related bacterium, N. meningitidis, are allocated into class 2 and class 3 homology groups. An individual strain of N. gonorrhoeae or N. meningitidis expresses either one or other of these porin homology groups but never both, and the antigenic reactions of these highly diverse outer membrane proteins form part of the N. gonorrhoeae and N. meningitidis serotyping schemes. A comparison of the number of synonymous and nonsynonymous substitutions per site between the two most divergent alleles of each of these four groups of porB alleles shows that PI(A) alleles have accumulated significantly more nonsynonymous substitutions per site than synonymous substitutions. In contrast the distribution of synonymous and nonsynonymous substitutions between alleles of class 2 and class 3 porins are not significantly different from random. We localize the regions of the PI(A) alleles with an excess of amino acid changes to the surface-exposed loops of these outer membrane proteins and suggest that positive Darwinian selection for diversity, driven by the human immune system, can most easily explain the allelic polymorphism and the pattern of synonymous and nonsynonymous substitutions.
How Metaphors About the Genome Constrain CRISPR Metaphors: Separating the “Text” From Its “Editor”
Authors: S. C. Nelson, J.-H. Yu, L. Ceccarelli
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2015)

O'Keefe and colleagues (2015) present a thought-provoking analysis of metaphors used to discuss CRISPR in lay media, arguing that those currently in circulation fall short of accurately representin...
Consumption of seafood and preterm delivery
Authors: M. Odent
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The anticancer prodrug 7-ethyl-10-[4-(1-piperidino)-1-piperidino-]carbonyloxycamptothecin (CPT-11) is a highly effective camptothecin analog that has been approved for the treatment of colon cancer. It is hydrolyzed by carboxylesterases to yield 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN-38), a potent topoisomerase I poison. However, upon high-dose intravenous administration of CPT-11, a cholinergic syndrome is observed that can be ameliorated by atropine. Previous studies have indicated that CPT-11 can inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and here, we provide a detailed analysis of the inhibition of AChE by CPT-11 and by structural analogs. These studies demonstrate that the terminal dipiperidino moiety in CPT-11 plays a major role in enzyme inhibition, and this has been confirmed by X-ray crystallographic studies of a complex of the drug with <i>Torpedo californica</i> AChE. Our results indicate that CPT-11 binds within the active site gorge of the protein in a fashion similar to that observed with the Alzheimer drug donepezil. The 3D structure of the CPT-11/AChE complex also permits modeling of CPT-11 complexed with mammalian butyrylcholinesterase and carboxylesterase, both of which are known to hydrolyze the drug to the active metabolite. Overall, the results presented here clarify the mechanism of AChE inhibition by CPT-11 and detail the interaction of the drug with the protein. These studies may allow the design of both novel camptothecin analogs that would not inhibit AChE and new AChE inhibitors derived from the camptothecin scaffold.
Iloprost Inhibits Inositol-1,4,5-Trisphosphate-Mediated Calcium Mobilization Stimulated by Angiotensin II in Cultured Preglomerular Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
Authors: KIT E. PURDY, WILLIAM J. ARENDSHORST
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2001)

Abstract. In a previous study of cultured preglomerular vascular smooth muscle cells, it was demonstrated that, although the stable prostacyclin analog iloprost alone had no effect on the intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca 2+ ] i ), it did significantly attenuate the increase in [Ca 2+ ] i stimulated by angiotensin II (AngII). In this study, the mechanisms by which iloprost interacts with calcium signaling pathways stimulated by AngII were examined. [Ca 2+ ] i was assessed using the calcium-sensitive fluorescent dye fura-2. Initial studies identified two major components of the [Ca 2+ ] i response to AngII in this homogeneous preparation of vascular smooth muscle cells from renal resistance vessels. Mobilization of internal stores was evident as an immediate TMB-8-sensitive peak increase in [Ca 2+ ] i (52 ± 6 to 297 ± 26 nM, P &lt; 0.001) in a calcium-free medium. After [Ca 2+ ] i had returned to baseline levels during continued AngII stimulation, a nifedipine-sensitive entry pathway was revealed by the sustained stimulatory effect of added external calcium, which increased [Ca 2+ ] i to 112 ± 13 nM ( P &lt; 0.001). Coadministration of iloprost with AngII attenuated both the immediate peak (154 ± 14 nM) and sustained plateau (61 ± 9 nM) phases. Increases in endogenous levels of cAMP induced by the phosphodiesterase inhibitor milrinone mirrored the actions of iloprost, suggesting that the prostacyclin analog exerted its actions via cAMP activation. Blockade of cAMP-dependent protein kinase with KT 5720 reversed the effects of both iloprost and milrinone. When iloprost or milrinone was introduced after the initial mobilization peak had dissipated, the plateau phase of calcium entry was unchanged (92 ± 9 nM). The concept that iloprost does not directly modulate calcium entry was further supported by data showing that the activation of L-type calcium channels by BAY-K 8644 was unchanged during iloprost treatment. On the basis of the observation that iloprost did not alter thapsigargin stimulation of Ca 2+ -ATPase activity, it is concluded that the actions of cAMP are distinct from increasing calcium uptake into the sarcoplasmic reticulum. This study provides new information on the ability of iloprost to primarily attenuate inositol-1,4,5-triphosphate-mediated calcium mobilization via cAMP, with secondary inhibition of L-type calcium entry channels. These data clarify the mechanism by which prostaglandins buffer AngII constriction in resistance arterioles.
ESEN: a comparison of vaccination programmes – Part three : measles mumps and rubella
Authors: D Lévy-Bruhl, R Pebody, I Veldhuijzen, M Valenciano, K Osborne
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1998)

Cet article est le dernier d une serie de trois articles portant sur la comparaison, dans huit pays (Danemark, Angleterre et Pays de Galles, Finlande, France, Allemagne, Italie, Suede et Pays-Bas), des programmes vaccinaux et de l impact epidemiologique d
T’ai chi benefits some patients with chronic conditions, review concludes
Authors: Jacqui Wise
Journal: BMJ (2015)

T’ai chi can improve physical performance of patients with certain chronic conditions without exacerbating their pain or making them breathless, concludes a systematic review and meta-analysis published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine .1

The Chinese martial art t’ai chi consists of slow, gentle, and flowing movements that involve strengthening, balance, postural alignment, mind concentration, relaxation, and breath control.

Canadian researchers examined the current evidence on the …
Phylogenetic analysis of the outer-membrane-protein genes of Chlamydiae, and its implication for vaccine development.
Authors: W M Fitch, E M Peterson, L M de la Maza
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1993)

Examination of 18 complete and 6 partial sequences of the major outer-membrane protein from 24 chlamydiae isolates was used to reconstruct their evolutionary relationships. From this analysis, assuming that the clades with 100% bootstrap support are correct, come the following conclusions: (1) The tree of these sequences is not congruent with the phylogeny of the hosts, and thus host switching would seem to have occurred, thereby limiting the extent to which there has been coevolution of parasite and host. (2) The tree is also noncongruent with clustering by type of cell infected, thereby limiting the extent to which there has been coevolution of parasite and the cell type that it infects. (3) The tree is also noncongruent with clustering by the organ infected (eyes or genitalia), thereby limiting the extent to which there has been coevolution of parasite and the organ that it infects. (4) The tree is also noncongruent with genital strains arising from lymphogranuloma venereum strains. (5) The tree is also noncongruent with the geographic site at which the isolates were obtained, thereby limiting the extent of divergence explained by geographic separation. (6) There are estimated to be 185 amino acid positions that are invariable (as opposed to unvaried) in the major outer-membrane protein. There are 10 unvaried positions in the variable domains, of which 9 appear to be invariable, giving some reason to hope that development of a vaccine might be possible. (7) The rate of change of this protein is too small to see increased divergence over the time span of isolation of these genes, giving hope to any vaccine having longevity. Bootstrapping supports those portions of the tree on which the first five conclusions above depend. The picture that these results provide is more one of pathogen versatility than one of coevolutionary constraints. In addition, we examined 10 60-KDa, outer-membrane protein-2 genes, all but one of which were from these same strains. The tree was not, among the trachomatis strains, congruent with the major-outer-membrane protein tree, suggesting that gene exchange could be occurring among strains. Moreover, there is an apparent slowdown in divergence in this gene, among the trachomatis strains.
A Reengineered Hospital Discharge Program to Decrease Rehospitalization
Authors: Brian W. Jack, Veerappa K. Chetty, David Anthony, Jeffrey L. Greenwald, Gail M. Sanchez, Anna E. Johnson, Shaula R. Forsythe, Michael K. Paasche-Orlow, Christopher Manasseh, Stephen Martin, Larry Culpepper
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

Emergency department visits and rehospitalization are common after hospital discharge. Jack and colleagues demonstrated that a nurse discharge advocate and clinical pharmacist working together to c...