tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Mantle-cell lymphomas have more widespread disease and a slower response to chemotherapy compared with follicle-center lymphomas: results of a prospective comparative analysis of the German Low-Grade Lymphoma Study Group.
Authors: W Hiddemann, M Unterhalt, R Herrmann, H H Wöltjen, E D Kreuser, L Trümper, M Reuss-Borst, E Terhardt-Kasten, M Busch, A Neubauer, U Kaiser, R D Hanrath, H Middeke, G Helm, M Freund, H Stein, M Tiemann, R Parwaresch
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

PURPOSE To compare mantle-cell lymphomas (MCLs) and follicle-center lymphomas (FCLs) for their features of clinical presentation, response to chemotherapy, and prognosis on the basis of a prospective randomized clinical trial. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with MCL and FCL who entered onto the prospective randomized comparison of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone (COP) versus prednimustine and mitoxantrone (PmM) followed by a second randomization for interferon (IFN) maintenance versus observation only. RESULTS One hundred sixty-five of 234 patients had FCL and 45 of 234 patients had MCL. With FCL, both sexes were equally affected (men, 47%); patients with MCL were predominantly men (78%; P &lt; .0004) and had a higher median age (64 v 53 years; P &lt; .0001). Patients with MCL also had more widespread disease, reflected by the proportion of patients with two or greater extranodal manifestations (43% v 21%; P &lt; .005) and nine or greater involved nodal areas (64% v 45%; nonsignificant [NS]). Response to chemotherapy was significantly lower in patients with MCL (complete remission [CR] + partial remission [PR], 69% v 88%; P &lt; .05) and occurred at a slower pace. Patients with MCL also had a shorter event-free interval (median, 8 v 24 months; P &lt; .0001) and overall survival (median, 28 v 77 months; P &lt; .0001). In both subtypes, however, patients with less than two residual lymphoma manifestations in remission experienced a relatively good prognosis with an estimated 5-year survival of greater than 60% for MCL and greater than 75% for FCL. CONCLUSION MCL and FCL differ substantially in their features of presentation, response to chemotherapy, and long-term prognosis. The extent of residual disease after completion of chemotherapy discriminates patients with different prognosis and may be used for the stratification of postremission strategies.
Enumeration of Peripheral Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells Using Automated Hematology Analyzer, Sysmex-XN: A Multicenter Prospective Study
Authors: Ryuji Tanosaki, Yoshiki Okuyama, Tohru Iseki, Makoto Handa, Shuichi Kino, Tomoko Kumazawa, Shigeyoshi Yoshida, Kyoko Haraguchi, Naomi Shimizu, Shio Sakai, Naohide Watanabe, Tomoe Uemura, Katsuya Ikuta, Yoshie Kawahara, Kazuo Muroi, Tokiko Nagamura Inoue, Minoko Takanashi
Journal: Blood (2013)
Book Review: Injury Control—a Guide to Research and Program Evaluation
Authors: Ruth Brown
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2001)

Because serious injury is still quite uncommon in the UK, research on the subject presents difficulties of design and data collection. Now that simple preventive measures such as seat belts and helmets have achieved large falls in mortality, attention is switching to other sorts of outcome. In the published work worldwide, outcome studies of high quality are few: the focus is on medical management of trauma, and psychosocial aspects of injury suffer particular neglect. For the UK, guidelines have been issued on the management of trauma and on the design of trauma systems, but there is scant evidence that these will improve outcomes. What we need is good-quality evidence, and any help that we can get in designing the necessary studies is welcome. Injury Control contains much useful guidance. The focus on injury prevention and control allows helpful reallife illustrations and the reference lists are comprehensive.

The introduction reviews the history of injury research and is followed by a comprehensive review of existing scoring and coding systems, including current drawbacks and possible ways to avoid them. Further chapters look at data collection methods and the difficulties of data presentation, with examples from the literature. The text explores the benefits and drawbacks of each method and offers advice on when and how to use them. Statistical analysis is not addressed—a pity since the rest of the coverage is so comprehensive. Several chapters deal with research methodologies, including qualitative methods and systematic reviews. Although by no means complete in the descriptions, these are well referenced and are generic enough to be helpful resumes of the important features. The brief explanations allow the reader to gather an overview and to select a method; further reading is then indicated from the references listed. Guidelines or care pathways are very much in the news and the chapter on developing clinical decision rules is a clear account of the process, including a helpful checklist. Again, this is generic enough to be of use in many areas, both in emergency care and in elective work. Trauma performance improvement can be likened to clinical governance, with a need to be continually evaluating and improving performance. The chapter on this subject is the least helpful in the book, the authors failing to link what they say to the contents of other chapters.

Although outwardly the book is about injury, its style and breadth make it valuable to many other researchers. I anticipate that it will be borrowed many times by my colleagues to get ideas and general advice. I recommend it to anyone interested in trauma and to all A&E colleagues who have £60 to spare.
A rapid and cost-effective method for genotyping apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism
Authors: Li Zhong, Yong-Zhuang Xie, Tian-Tian Cao, Zongqi Wang, Tingting Wang, Xinxiu Li, Rui-Chi Shen, Huaxi Xu, Guojun Bu, Xiao-Fen Chen
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2016)

Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is a major cholesterol carrier and plays an important role in maintaining lipid homeostasis both in the periphery and brain. Human APOE gene is polymorphic at two single nucleotides (rs429358 and rs7412) resulting in three different alleles (ε2, ε3 and ε4). ApoE isoforms modulate the risk for a variety of vascular and neurodegenerative diseases; thus, APOE genotyping is crucial for predicting disease risk and designing individualized therapy based on APOE genotype. We have developed an APOE genotyping method that is based on allele-specific PCR methodology adapted to Real Time PCR monitored by TaqMan probe. Rather than using TaqMan probes specific for the two polymorphic sites, only one TaqMan probe is used as the polymorphic alleles are recognized by site-specific PCR primers. Each genotyping assay can be completed within 90 minutes and is applicable to high-throughput analysis. Using this protocol, we genotyped a total of 1158 human DNA samples and obtained a 100 % concordance with the APOE genotype determined by sequencing analysis. The APOE genotyping assay we have developed is accurate and cost-effective. In addition, our assay can readily be applied to genotyping large sample numbers. Therefore, our APOE genotyping method can be used for assessing the risk for a variety of vascular and neurodegenerative diseases that have been reported to be associated with APOE polymorphism.
Carcinogenesis With 3-Methylcholanthrene in Uterine Cervix of Mice Treated Neonatally With Estrogen&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: John-Gunnar Forsberg, Liv Stray Breistein
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1972)

Randombred female NMRI mice were treated neonatally with estradiol, and thread impregnated with 3-methylcholanthrene (MCA) in beeswax was inserted into the uterine cervix. The local irritation caused by the thread resulted in rapid epidermization in the common cervical canal. The natural squamous epithelium grew under the heterotopic columnar epithelium which was lost. The initial incidence of invasive lesions seen after insertion of the MCA thread in the estradiol-treated mice could have been influenced by the epidermization and a changed gonadotropin pattern. The persistent production of ovarian estrogen in the estradiol-treated animals seemed to retard cancer growth.
A Role for the Long Noncoding RNA SENCR in Commitment and Function of Endothelial Cells
Authors: Mounia Boulberdaa, Elizabeth Scott, Margaret Ballantyne, Raquel Garcia, Betty Descamps, Gianni D Angelini, Mairi Brittan, Amanda Hunter, Martin McBride, John McClure, Joseph M Miano, Costanza Emanueli, Nicholas L Mills, Joanne C Mountford, Andrew H Baker
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2016)

Despite the increasing importance of long noncoding RNA in physiology and disease, their role in endothelial biology remains poorly understood. Growing evidence has highlighted them to be essential regulators of human embryonic stem cell differentiation. SENCR, a vascular-enriched long noncoding RNA, overlaps the Friend Leukemia Integration virus 1 (FLI1) gene, a regulator of endothelial development. Therefore, we wanted to test the hypothesis that SENCR may contribute to mesodermal and endothelial commitment as well as in endothelial function. We thus developed new differentiation protocols allowing generation of endothelial cells from human embryonic stem cells using both directed and hemogenic routes. The expression of SENCR was markedly regulated during endothelial commitment using both protocols. SENCR did not control the pluripotency of pluripotent cells; however its overexpression significantly potentiated early mesodermal and endothelial commitment. In human umbilical endothelial cell (HUVEC), SENCR induced proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis. SENCR expression was altered in vascular tissue and cells derived from patients with critical limb ischemia and premature coronary artery disease compared to controls. Here, we showed that SENCR contributes to the regulation of endothelial differentiation from pluripotent cells and controls the angiogenic capacity of HUVEC. These data give novel insight into the regulatory processes involved in endothelial development and function.
How to improve communication between doctors and patients
Authors: C. Charles
Journal: BMJ (2000)

General practice p 1246 

Communication difficulties between doctors and patients have been looked at by researchers from several disciplines who have tried to explore why these occur. Mishler, for example, has argued that doctors and patients talk to each other with different voices.1 The voice of medicine is characterised by medical terminology, objective descriptions of physical symptoms, and the classification of these within a reductionist biomedical model.1 The voice of patients, on the other hand, is characterised by non-technical discourse about the subjective experience of illness within the context of social relationships and the patient's everyday world. Typically, doctors have more power than patients to structure the nature of the interaction between them. As a consequence, patients may feel that their voice is overridden, silenced, or stripped of personal meaning and social context. To improve communications between doctors and patients we need also to understand the nature of the decision making that is taking place in the consultation.

Two recent papers in the BMJ , one of them published this week (p 1246),focus on the type and frequency of communication misunderstandings experienced by general practitioners and their patients in 20 English general practices.2 …
Severe Illness from Methyl Bromide Exposure at a Condominium Resort — U.S. Virgin Islands, March 2015
Authors: Prathit A. Kulkarni, Mary Anne Duncan, Michelle T. Watters, Leah T. Graziano, Elena Vaouli, Larry F. Cseh, John F. Risher, Maureen F. Orr, Tai C. Hunte-Ceasar, Esther M. Ellis
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2015)

On March 22, 2015, the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) was notified by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) of four cases of suspected acute methyl bromide toxicity among family members vacationing at a condominium resort in the U.S. Virgin Islands. Methyl bromide is a pesticide that has been banned in the United States for use in homes and other residential settings. An investigation conducted by the U.S. Virgin Islands Department of Health (VIDOH), the U.S. Virgin Islands Department of Planning and Natural Resources (DPNR), and EPA confirmed that methyl bromide had been used as a fumigant on March 18 in the building where the family had been residing, 2 days before they were transported to the hospital; three family members had life-threatening illness. On March 25, 2015, a stop-use order for methyl bromide was issued by DPNR to the pest control company that had performed the fumigation. Subsequent investigation revealed that previous fumigation with methyl bromide had occurred on October 20, 2014, at the same condominium resort. In addition to the four ill family members, 37 persons who might have been exposed to methyl bromide as a result of the October 2014 or March 2015 fumigations were identified by VIDOH and ATSDR. Standardized health questionnaires were administered to 16 of the 20 persons for whom contact information was available; six of 16 had symptoms consistent with methyl bromide exposure, including headache and fatigue. Pest control companies should be aware that use of methyl bromide is banned in homes and other residential settings, and clinicians should be aware of the toxicologic syndrome that exposure to methyl bromide can cause.
Real-time-guided bone regeneration around standardized critical size calvarial defects using bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and collagen membrane with and without using tricalcium phosphate: an in vivo micro-computed tomographic and histologic experiment in rats
Authors: Khalid Al-Hezaimi, Sundar Ramalingam, Mansour Al-Askar, Aws S ArRejaie, Nasser Nooh, Fawad Jawad, Abdullah Aldahmash, Muhammad Atteya, Cun-Yu Wang
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2015)

The aim of the present real time in vivo micro-computed tomography (µCT) and histologic experiment was to assess the efficacy of guided bone regeneration (GBR) around standardized calvarial critical size defects (CSD) using bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), and collagen membrane (CM) with and without tricalcium phosphate (TCP) graft material. In the calvaria of nine female Sprague-Dawley rats, full-thickness CSD (diameter 4.6 mm) were created under general anesthesia. Treatment-wise, rats were divided into three groups. In group 1, CSD was covered with a resorbable CM; in group 2, BMSCs were filled in CSD and covered with CM; and in group 3, TCP soaked in BMSCs was placed in CSD and covered with CM. All defects were closed using resorbable sutures. Bone volume and bone mineral density of newly formed bone (NFB) and remaining TCP particles and rate of new bone formation was determined at baseline, 2, 4, 6, and 10 weeks using in vivo µCT. At the 10th week, the rats were killed and calvarial segments were assessed histologically. The results showed that the hardness of NFB was similar to that of the native bone in groups 1 and 2 as compared to the NFB in group 3. Likewise, values for the modulus of elasticity were also significantly higher in group 3 compared to groups 1 and 2. This suggests that TCP when used in combination with BMSCs and without CM was unable to form bone of significant strength that could possibly provide mechanical "lock" between the natural bone and NFB. The use of BMSCs as adjuncts to conventional GBR initiated new bone formation as early as 2 weeks of treatment compared to when GBR is attempted without adjunct BMSC therapy. The use of stem cells to accelerate bone regeneration has been monitored in real time in rats using three-dimensional imaging. The work was carried out by Khalid Al-Hezaimi and colleagues at King Saud University, Saudi Arabia, in collaboration with No-Hee Park of the University of California. Mesenchymal stem cells were harvested from rat hind leg bones. The researchers then drilled holes in rat skulls and filled them with stem cells covered with collagen membrane with and without tricalcium phosphate granules, or collagen membrane alone. Micro-computed tomography revealed that differentiation of stem cells into mature bone cells took approximately 2 weeks. Bone regeneration over a 10-week period was significantly faster with the stem cell treatments. Adding tricalcium phosphate weakened the regenerated bone, despite previous work suggesting it might promote bone cell formation
Harms of Intermittent vs Continuous Androgen-Deprivation Therapy for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Saroj Niraula, Ian F. Tannock
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Electronic Health Records as Sources of Research Data
Authors: Brent C. Opmeer
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ATP-binding cassette transporters in reproduction: a new frontier
Authors: E. Bloise, T.M. Ortiga-Carvalho, F.M. Reis, S.J. Lye, W. Gibb, S.G. Matthews
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2015)

The transmembrane ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters actively efflux an array of clinically relevant compounds across biological barriers, and modulate biodistribution of many physiological and pharmacological factors. To date, over 48 ABC transporters have been identified and shown to be directly and indirectly involved in peri-implantation events and fetal/placental development. They efflux cholesterol, steroid hormones, vitamins, cytokines, chemokines, prostaglandins, diverse xenobiotics and environmental toxins, playing a critical role in regulating drug disposition, immunological responses and lipid trafficking, as well as preventing fetal accumulation of drugs and environmental toxins. This review examines ABC transporters as important mediators of placental barrier functions and key reproductive processes. Expression, localization and function of all identified ABC transporters were systematically reviewed using PubMed and Google Scholar websites to identify relevant studies examining ABC transporters in reproductive tissues in physiological and pathophysiological states. Only reports written in English were incorporated with no restriction on year of publication. While a major focus has been placed on the human, extensive evidence from animal studies is utilized to describe current understanding of the regulation and function of ABC transporters relevant to human reproduction. ABC transporters are modulators of steroidogenesis, fertilization, implantation, nutrient transport and immunological responses, and function as 'gatekeepers' at various barrier sites (i.e. blood-testes barrier and placenta) against potentially harmful xenobiotic factors, including drugs and environmental toxins. These roles appear to be species dependent and change as a function of gestation and development. The best-described ABC transporters in reproductive tissues (primarily in the placenta) are the multidrug transporters p-glycoprotein and breast cancer-related protein, the multidrug resistance proteins 1 through 5 and the cholesterol transporters ABCA1 and ABCG1. The ABC transporters have various roles across multiple reproductive tissues. Knowledge of efflux direction, tissue distribution, substrate specificity and regulation of the ABC transporters in the placenta and other reproductive tissues is rapidly expanding. This will allow better understanding of the disposition of specific substrates within reproductive tissues, and facilitate development of novel treatments for reproductive disorders as well as improved approaches to protecting the developing fetus.