tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Predictive factors of early death after a comprehensive geriatric assessment in elderly cancer patients.
Authors: Beatriz Jimenez-Munarriz, Rosario Madero, Ana M. Jimenez Gordo, MJ Molina-Garrido, Juana Saldana, Regina Girones, Javier De Castro, Virginia Martínez-Marín, Patricia Cruz, Mar Munoz Sanchez, Maite Antonio Rebollo, Beatriz Castelo, Marisa Torres, Andrés Redondo, Beatriz Martinez, Ana B. Custodio, Ismael Ghanem Canete, Elsa Bernal, Jaime Feliu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e20530 Background: Objective data for decision making about treatment options in the elderly population with cancer are lacking. The purpose of this study is to analyze predictive factors of early death ( < 6 months) in older patients after initiation of chemotherapy treatment. Methods: 126 cancer patients ≥ 70 years were enrolled between January of 2012 and December of 2014. This is a prospective cohort study approved by the ethics committee of La Paz University Hospital in Madrid, Spain. A comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) was completed before the treatment was started. Geriatric data (Short portable mental status questionnaire – Pfeiffer -, BMI, short physical performance battery –SPPB-, ADL, IADL, HDAS score, Charlson, VES-13 and the MOS social scale) were collected. Cancer characteristics, social, demographic and analytical data were also reviewed. Predictive factors of early death were obtained from a CGA results and traditional oncology measures. Results: Median age was 77 years (70-92), 64% of the patents were male, with advanced disease in 53% of patients. ECOG PS of 0/1/2 was seen in 30%/ 61% and 9% respectively. VES 13 ≥ 7 in 14%. ADL and IADL showed impairment in 17% and 49% of the patients respectively. Thirty seven (29%) of the patients had an early death. In the multivariate analysis, significant predictive factors for early death were: a diagnosis of lung cancer (odds ratio [OR],17.85; 95%CI,[2.86 to 111.40]), metastatic disease (OR 6.9; 95%CI,[1.98 to 24.3]), lower hemoglobin levels (OR 0.553; 95% CI, [0.388 to 0.79]), and higher bilirubin level (OR, 6.403; 95% CI, [1.22 to 33.43]). Interestingly no instrument of geriatric assessment proved capable of predicting survival in our series. ROC analysis showed a good discriminatory capacity (AUC = 0.860). Conclusions: Lung cancer, metastatic disease, hemoglobin and bilirrubin levels were independent predictive factors for early death in elderly cancer patients treated with chemotherapy.
Treatment Strategies for Myeloid Growth Factors and Intravenous Iron: When, What, and How?
Authors: Jeffrey Crawford, George M. Rodgers
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2014)

Myeloid growth factors can reduce the risk of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia (CIN) and thus impact the survival of patients with cancer. Patients should be assessed for risk, taking into consideration patient-related risk factors and chemotherapy regimens. Patients stratified as having at least a 20% risk for CIN should be considered for prophylactic growth factors. The NCCN Guidelines for Myeloid Growth Factors provide category 1 recommendations for the daily use of filgrastim, tbo-filgrastim, and pegfilgrastim. Cancer-related anemia can be treated with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents, red blood cell transfusion, or intravenous iron.
The minor house dust mite allergen Der p 13 is a fatty acid‐binding protein and an activator of a TLR2‐mediated innate immune response
Authors: P. Satitsuksanoa, M. Kennedy, D. Gilis, M. Le Mignon, N. Suratannon, W. T. Soh, J. Wongpiyabovorn, P. Chatchatee, M. Vangveravong, T. Rerkpattanapipat, A. Sangasapaviliya, S. Piboonpocanun, E. Nony, K. Ruxrungtham, A. Jacquet
Journal: Allergy (2016)

Abstract Background The house dust mite (HDM ) allergen Der p 13 could be a lipid‐binding protein able to activate key innate signaling pathways in the initiation of the allergic response. We investigated the IgE reactivity of recombinant Der p 13 (rDer p 13), its lipid‐binding activities, and its capacity to stimulate airway epithelium cells. Methods Purified rDer p 13 was characterized by mass spectrometry, circular dichroism, fluorescence‐based lipid‐binding assays, and in silico structural prediction. IgE‐binding activity and allergenic potential of Der p 13 were examined by ELISA, basophil degranulation assays, and in vitro airway epithelial cell activation assays. Results Protein modeling and biophysical analysis indicated that Der p 13 adopts a β‐barrel structure with a predominately apolar pocket representing a potential binding site for hydrophobic ligands. Fluorescent lipid‐binding assays confirmed that the protein is highly selective for ligands and that it binds a fatty acid with a dissociation constant typical of lipid transporter proteins. The low IgE‐binding frequency (7%, n = 224) in Thai HDM‐allergic patients as well as the limited propensity to activate basophil degranulation classifies Der p 13 as a minor HDM allergen. Nevertheless, the protein with its presumptively associated lipid(s) triggered the production of IL‐8 and GM‐CSF in respiratory epithelial cells through a TLR2‐, MyD88‐, NF‐kB‐, and MAPK‐dependent signaling pathway. Conclusions Although a minor allergen, Der p 13 may, through its lipid‐binding capacity, play a role in the initiation of the HDM‐allergic response through TLR2 activation.
Changes in Prescription and Over-the-Counter Medication and Dietary Supplement Use Among Older Adults in the United States, 2005 vs 2011
Authors: Dima M. Qato, Jocelyn Wilder, L. Philip Schumm, Victoria Gillet, G. Caleb Alexander
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

<h3>Importance</h3> Prescription and over-the-counter medicines and dietary supplements are commonly used, alone and together, among older adults. However, the effect of recent regulatory and market forces on these patterns is not known. <h3>Objectives</h3> To characterize changes in the prevalence of medication use, including concurrent use of prescription and over-the-counter medications and dietary supplements, and to quantify the frequency and types of potential major drug-drug interactions. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> Descriptive analyses of a longitudinal, nationally representative sample of community-dwelling older adults 62 to 85 years old. In-home interviews with direct medication inspection were conducted in 2005-2006 and again in 2010-2011. The dates of the analysis were March to November 2015. We defined medication use as the use of at least 1 prescription or over-the-counter medication or dietary supplement at least daily or weekly and defined concurrent use as the regular use of at least 2 medications. We used Micromedex to identify potential major drug-drug interactions. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Population estimates of the prevalence of medication use (in aggregate and by therapeutic class), concurrent use, and major drug-drug interactions. <h3>Results</h3> The study cohort comprised 2351 participants in 2005-2006 and 2206 in 2010-2011. Their mean age was 70.9 years in 2005-2006 and 71.4 years in 2010-2011. Fifty-three percent of participants were female in 2005-2006, and 51.6% were female in 2010-2011. The use of at least 1 prescription medication slightly increased from 84.1% in 2005-2006 to 87.7% in 2010-2011 (<i>P</i> = .003). Concurrent use of at least 5 prescription medications increased from 30.6% to 35.8% (<i>P</i> = .02). While the use of over-the-counter medications declined from 44.4% to 37.9%, the use of dietary supplements increased from 51.8% to 63.7% (<i>P</i> &lt; .001 for both). There were clinically significant increases in the use of statins (33.8% to 46.2%), antiplatelets (32.8% to 43.0%), and omega-3 fish oils (4.7% to 18.6%) (<i>P</i> &lt; .05 for all). In 2010-2011, approximately 15.1% of older adults were at risk for a potential major drug-drug interaction compared with an estimated 8.4% in 2005-2006 (<i>P</i> &lt; .001). Most of these interacting regimens involved medications and dietary supplements increasingly used in 2010-2011. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> In this study, the use of prescription medications and dietary supplements, and concurrent use of interacting medications, has increased since 2005, with 15% of older adults potentially at risk for a major drug-drug interaction. Improving safety with the use of multiple medications has the potential to reduce preventable adverse drug events associated with medications commonly used among older adults.
Association of Herpes Simplex Thymidine Kinase Gene With Chromosome #18 in Transformed Human Cells2
Authors: Mark A. McKinlay, Dwight E. Wilson, Betty Harrison, Susan Povey
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

Journal Article Association of Herpes Simplex Thymidine Kinase Gene With Chromosome #18 in Transformed Human Cells Get access Mark A. McKinlay, Mark A. McKinlay 3Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, N.Y. 12181. 4Present address: Department of Biochemical and Biophysical Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md. 21233. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Dwight E. Wilson, Dwight E. Wilson 5 3Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, N.Y. 12181. 5Address reprint requests to Dr. Wilson at Biology Department, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, N.Y. 12181. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Betty Harrison, Betty Harrison 6Birth Defects Institute, New York Division of Laboratories and Research, Albany, N.Y. 12208. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Susan Povey Susan Povey 7Medical Research Council, Human Biochemical Genetics Unit, University College London, London, England. 8We thank Dr. Robert Hughes for the gift of cell lines; Dr. Harry Roy, Dr. Charles Pfau, and Dr. Robert Trimble for helpful discussions; and Carol Whitkop for expert technical assistance. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 64, Issue 2, February 1980, Pages 241–248, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/64.2.241 Published: 01 February 1980 Article history Received: 04 May 1979 Accepted: 13 July 1979 Published: 01 February 1980
Central serotonergic hyperresponsivity in late-onset Alzheimer's disease
Authors: D M McLoughlin, J V Lucey, T G Dinan
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

The prolactin response to oral d-fenfluramine (30 mg) was measured in nine patients with late-onset Alzheimer's disease and in an elderly comparison group. The serotonin-mediated prolactin response was significantly greater in the patients with Alzheimer's disease than in the comparison group. This finding suggests that central serotonin responsivity is greater in Alzheimer's disease.
Abstract 12670: New-Onset AF Increases All-cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Death in a First-time Myocardial Infarction Population - A Nationwide Propensity Score Matched Study
Authors: Casper N Bang, Gunnar H Gislason, Anders M Greve, Christian A Bang, Alexander Lilja, Lars Kober, Christian Torp-Pedersen, Richard B Devereux, Kristian Wachtell
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: New-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with a high risk of death in myocardial infarction (MI) patients. However, previous studies report conflict and no data exist on causes ...
Basal Lamina Formation by Normal and Transformed Mouse Mammary Epithelial Cells Duplicated in Vitro&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: G David, B Van der Schueren, M Bernfield
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

Cells from low-passage (LP) cultures of a mouse mammary epithelial line (NMuMG cells) form a basal lamina when they are cultured on a type I collagen gel substratum. A high-passage (HP) strain of this line maintained the morphologic, serologic, and karyologic properties of the LP cells. For the determination of whether transformation of the NMuMG cells might lead to defects in the basal lamina, cells from LP cultures were compared in vivo and in vitro with cells of HP cultures for tumorigenicity, growth characteristics, and ability to form a lamina. The LP NMuMG cells had a typical epithelial morphology and showed no cytologic evidence of cancer. They formed an ultrastructurally normal continuous basal lamina in vivo when they were injected into athymic nude mice. In contrast, the HP cells were pleomorphic and highly invasive when injected into nude mice where they showed frequent and large basal lamina defects. These cells also accumulated only traces of lamina-like materials when cultured on a collagen gel, indicating that neoplastic transformation had markedly reduced the ability of NMuMG cells to form a basal lamina both in vivo and in vitro. Because the collagen gel culture system duplicated the in vivo situation with regard to basal lamina integrity, the basis for this lack of in vitro basal lamina formation may be physiologically relevant for the mechanism of malignant invasion.
Analysis of prognostic factors in patients with advanced relapsed/refractory NSCLC: Cox regression analysis of a randomized phase III trial comparing docetaxel and paclitaxel poliglumex (PPX)
Authors: P. Bonomi, C. Langer, M. O’Brien, K. O’Byrne, B. Bandstra, L. Paz-Ares, H. Ross, A. Sandler, M. Socinski
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

7040 Background: A phase III trial compared PPX to docetaxel as 2nd-line treatment in pts with relapsed/refractory advanced NSCLC (STELLAR 2). While overall survival was similar between arms, the need for supportive measures to manage the effects of myelosuppression was significantly reduced in the PPX arm. The current analysis was performed to evaluate determinants of survival in the 2nd-line treatment of NSCLC. Methods: STELLAR 2 enrolled 849 pts, 427 on PPX and 422 on docetaxel; all patients were included in the analysis. Randomization between the study arms was stratified by tumor stage, performance status (PS), start of frontline chemotherapy (&lt; 4 mo vs more than 4 mo), gender, and prior taxane therapy. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to evaluate the impact of baseline characteristics on overall survival (OS). Results: At randomization, 29% of pts had received prior taxane, 14% were PS2, 80% had stage IV disease, and 31% had started frontline therapy within the prior 4 months. Risk factors significantly affecting survival as determined by multivariate analysis are listed in the table . These factors were consistent when treatment was added to the model. Prior exposure to taxane was not predictive of survival; tumor stage was a significant univariate predictor (p=0.0349), but had relatively less impact in the multivariate model. Conclusion: These analyses identified several factors associated with reduced survival benefit from standard second line therapy. Consequently, alternative treatment strategies may be necessary in patients with poor prognosis. For example, more tolerable agents may enhance the benefit/toxicity ratio in these patients. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
Risk Factors in Scrotal Epithelioma
Authors: Hugh T Fay
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1978)

After reviewing its occurrence in older industries, five fatal cases and one non-fatal case of scrotal cancer, occurring in a light engineering factory from 1955-75, are described. Possible genetic factors, personal hygiene, protective clothing, prior development of keratoses on the forearms and the high ambient temperatures in a machine shop using bar automatic lathes are discussed. Results of analyses of new, used and reclaimed oils for polynuclear aromatic carcinogens in three different laboratories are given. The possibility of too-prolonged use of neat cutting oils and of conventional oil reclamation plants, leading to a dangerous accumulation of carcinogens, such as benzo{a)pyrene, is noted.
APOBEC3G Expression Correlates with T-Cell Infiltration and Improved Clinical Outcomes in High-grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma
Authors: Brandon Leonard, Gabriel J. Starrett, Matthew J. Maurer, Ann L. Oberg, Mieke Van Bockstal, Jo Van Dorpe, Olivier De Wever, Jozien Helleman, Anieta M. Sieuwerts, Els M.J.J. Berns, John W.M. Martens, Brett D. Anderson, William L. Brown, Kimberly R. Kalli, Scott H. Kaufmann, Reuben S. Harris
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

APOBEC3 DNA cytosine deaminase family members normally defend against viruses and transposons. However, deregulated APOBEC3 activity causes mutations in cancer. Because of broad expression profiles and varying mixtures of normal and cancer cells in tumors, including immune cell infiltration, it is difficult to determine where different APOBEC3s are expressed. Here, we ask whether correlations exist between APOBEC3 expression and T-cell infiltration in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), and assess whether these correlations have prognostic value.Transcripts for APOBEC3G, APOBEC3B, and the T-cell markers, CD3D, CD4, CD8A, GZMB, PRF1, and RNF128 were quantified by RT-qPCR for a cohort of 354 HGSOC patients. Expression values were correlated with each other and clinical parameters. Two additional cohorts were used to extend HGSOC clinical results. Immunoimaging was used to colocalize APOBEC3G and the T-cell marker CD3. TCGA data extended expression analyses to additional cancer types.A surprising positive correlation was found for expression of APOBEC3G and several T cell genes in HGSOC. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescent imaging showed protein colocalization in tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes. High APOBEC3G expression correlated with improved outcomes in multiple HGSOC cohorts. TCGA data analyses revealed that expression of APOBEC3D and APOBEC3H also correlates with CD3D across multiple cancer types.Our results identify APOBEC3G as a new candidate biomarker for tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes and favorable prognoses for HGSOC. Our data also highlight the complexity of the tumor environment with respect to differential APOBEC family gene expression in both tumor and surrounding normal cell types. Clin Cancer Res; 22(18); 4746-55. ©2016 AACR.
Replication of Mammary Tumor Virus in Tumor Cell Cultures: Dependence on Hormone-Induced Cellular Organization&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: McGrath, Charles M.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1971)

Journal Article Replication of Mammary Tumor Virus in Tumor Cell Cultures: Dependence on Hormone-Induced Cellular Organization Get access Charles M. McGrath Charles M. McGrath Department of Bacteriology and Immunology and the Cancer Research Genetics Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 47, Issue 2, August 1971, Pages 455–467, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/47.2.455 Published: 01 August 1971 Article history Received: 02 March 1971 Accepted: 03 May 1971 Published: 01 August 1971
Comparison of treatment regimens for pediatric lymphoblastic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a Childrens Cancer Group study.
Authors: D G Tubergen, M D Krailo, A T Meadows, J Rosenstock, M Kadin, M Morse, D King, P G Steinherz, J H Kersey
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1995)

PURPOSE Patients with lymphoblastic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (LB NHL) were randomized to treatment with either modified LSA2L2 or ADCOMP, which added daunorubicin (DAUN) and asparaginase (L-ASP) to the methotrexate (MTX), cyclophosphamide (CYT), vincristine (VCR), and prednisone (PRED) (COMP) regimen, in a clinical trial to determine the relative effectiveness and toxicity of the two regimens. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with LB NHL were eligible for this randomized study if they were less than 22 years of age at diagnosis and had &lt; or = 25% blasts in the bone marrow. Of 307 patients registered, 281 were fully eligible and assessable. Patients were stratified by extent of disease at diagnosis. RESULTS The 5-year event-free survival (EFS) rate for patients with localized disease was 84%, and for patients with disseminated disease, 67%. There were four relapses in 28 patients with localized disease. Two hundred six patients had mediastinal primary tumors and despite local radiation, 34 of 63 failures in these patients involved the primary tumor site with or without other involvement. After adjusting for extent of disease at diagnosis, the regimens did not differ significantly with respect to risk for adverse events. The acute toxicity was primarily neutropenia and thrombocytopenia, with greater initial toxicity in patients on the LSA2L2 regimen. Three patients developed acute myelogenous leukemia. CONCLUSION Long-term EFS in children with LB NHL can be achieved in the majority of patients. Disease progression, which includes recurrence at the primary tumor site, is a major cause of treatment failure in patients with mediastinal presentations. Addition of DAUN and L-ASP to the COMP regimen does not produce a more effective treatment than LSA2L2.
ATPS-17GLIOMA INITIATING CELLS CONTRIBUTE TO MALIGNANT TRANSFORMATION OF HOST GLIAL CELLS DURING TUMOR TISSUE REMODELING VIA PDGF SIGNALING
Authors: Jun Dong
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

BACKGROUND: Glioma initiating cells (GICs) play important roles in tumor initiation and progression. However, interactions between tumor cells and host cells of local tumor microenvironment kept largely unknown. Besides GICs and their progeny cells, whether adjacent normal glial cells contribute to tumorigenesis during glioma tissue remodeling deserve further investigation. METHODS: Red fluorescence protein (RFP) gene was stably transfected into human GICs cells lines SU3 and U87, then were transplanted intracerebrally into athymic nude mice with whole-body green fluorescence protein (GFP) expression. The interactions between GICs and host cells in vivo were observed during tissue remodeling processes initiated by hGICs. The biological characteristics of host glial cells with high proliferation capability cloned from the xenograft were further assayed. RESULTS: In SU3 initiated dual-fluorescence xenograft glioma model, part of host cells cloned from the intracerebral tumors were found acquiring the capability of unlimited proliferation. PCR and FISH results indicated that malignant transformed cells were derived from host cells, cell surface marker analysis showed these cells expressed murine oligodendrocyte specific marker CNP, and oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) specific markers PDGFR-αand NG2. Chromosomal analysis showed these cells were super tetraploid. In vivo studies showed they behaved high invasiveness activity and nearly 100% tumorigenic ratio. Compared with SU3 cells with higher PDGF-B expression, GICs derived from U87 cells with low level of PDGF-B expression, failed to induce host cell transformation. CONCLUSIONS: Primary high invasive GICs SU3 contribute to transformation of adjacent normal host glial cells in local tumor microenvironment possibly via PDGF/PDGFR signaling activation, which deserved further investigation.
Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia (Pjp) in Non-Hiv Infected Patients with Solid Tumor
Authors: Takafumi Koyama, Yuki Kasahara, Yasuyuki Shigematsu, Yoriko Hasegawa, Takao Fujisawa, Ayako Hiramatsu, Kotaro Matsumoto, Yukinori Ozaki, Ryuichi Sada, Yu Oyama
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Other studies have been done in humans and monkeys
Authors: B. A Golomb
Journal: BMJ (1996)

EDITOR,—Paul H A Steegmans and colleagues assert that theirs was the first study in humans to investigate the relation of serum cholesterol concentration to metabolism of serotonin and that only one study in monkeys has done so.1 However, two studies in humans bear on this issue, as does one study in primates that they fail …