tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Melanoma Gene Expression Markers for Surveillance of Epidermolysis Bullosa Nevi Malignant Transformation
Authors: Ji Won Ahn, Katherine Johnson, Laurie L. Kohen, Marsha L. Chaffins, Tor Shwayder
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2016)

treatment).Owing to her history of isotretinoin-associated PTC, an initial neurology consultation and monthly ophthalmology examinations were performed throughout the isotretinoin treatment period.She experienced dramatic acne improvement with only mild residual scarring.The only adverse effect was skin dryness, which resolved after isotretinoin therapy was completed.Discussion | Pseudotumor cerebri is characterized by symptoms of increased intracranial pressure: headache, visual disturbances (blurry vision, diplopia), nausea and vomiting, and stiff neck. 1 It is commonly idiopathic, primarily affecting women of childbearing age who are overweight.Less frequently, it can occur in association with other disease conditions (usually endocrinologic abnormalities such as polycystic ovarian syndrome). 2espite many anecdotal reports of drug-associated PTC, there are 4 primary drug classes that are considered by experts to have a true association with PTC 1,3 : (1) tetracyclines, including doxycycline and minocycline; (2) oral retinoids; (3) recombinant growth hormone; and (4) corticosteroids (following withdrawal).Cross-reactivity between these drug classes in patients with drug-associated PTC has not been reported.Symptoms usually regress completely after discontinuation of the drug therapy. 1,4he pathophysiological mechanisms of drug-associated PTC are not fully understood.It has been postulated that tetracyclines may reduce cerebrospinal fluid outflow at the arachnoid villi, while oral retinoids (through excess retinols and retinol-binding protein) may be directly toxic to arachnoid villi function. 5,6 We report safe use of isotretinoin in 3 patients with histories of drug-associated PTC.When acne warrants isotretinoin treatment, a patient history of PTC should not preclude its use if careful surveillance for PTC recurrence can be conducted.Baseline evaluation by ophthalmology and/or neurology services should be considered.
Alteration of Biologic Behavior of a Rat Leukemia by Different Routes of Passage2
Authors: Michiko Aoshima, Motoi Ishidate
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

Two clonal leukemia cell lines exhibiting diploidy or tetraploidy were isolated separately from a mother cell population of rat myelogenous leukemia DBLA-6 (induced by 1-butyl-1-nitrosourea), and their biologic characteristics altered during serial iv or ip passages in Donryu rats were examined. In early generations after the establishment of the clones, leukemia-inducing capacities were clearly demonstrated only in the diploid clone and were characterized as follows: a) release of leukemia cells into the peripheral blood after inoculation, and b) infiltration, and growth of leukemia cells in the bone marrow and spleen. After repeated iv passages, however, leukemia-inducing capacity was greater not only in the diploid but also in the tetraploid clone. By serial ip passages, this capacity was never acquired but was gradually lost even in the diploid clone. Cell electrophoretic mobility, cell size, or susceptibility to chemotherapeutic agents were also modified. There was a strong correlation between the routes of passage and the direction of the changes: The iv route enhanced or the ip route suppressed the leukemia-inducing capacity. Chromosome constitutions were also changed.
제10차 춘계 학술대회 초록집 : 구연 9 ; 간경변증을 동반한 B형 간염 환자에서 Lamivudine 내성 후 Adefovir 구조 요법
Authors: 장윤정, 이지연, 임형준, 유상균, 서연석, 연종은, 변관수, 김진용, 박영태, 이창홍
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2004)
Identification of Pathways to Asthma Severity in Inner-City Children
Authors: Andrew H. Liu, Denise C. Babineau, Rebecca A. Zabel, Edward M. Zoratti, Jacqueline A. Pongracic, George T. O'Connor, Robert A. Wood, Gurjit K. Khurana Hershey, Carolyn Kercsmar, Rebecca S. Gruchalla, Meyer Kattan, Stephen J. Teach, Samuel J. Arbes, Peter J. Gergen, Alkis Togias, Cynthia Visness, William W. Busse
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Relation of tumor vascularity to effect of gemcitabine in pancreatic carcinomas: Value of contrast-enhanced harmonic ultrasonography
Authors: M. Kitano, H. Sakamoto, Y. Suetomi, T. Nishio, T. Nishio, Y. Takeyama, M. Kudo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

4114 Background: Most ductal adenocarcinomas of the pancreas are hypovascular as compared with the surrounding parenchyma on dynamic CT. Coded phase-inversion harmonic ultrasonography more clearly depicts fine vessels in pancreatic tumors after the infusion of ultrasound contrast than dynamic CT. In the present study, we observed the vascularity of pancreatic tumors by means of this technique and investigated its usefulness for evaluation of response to gemcitabine. Methods: Thirty-three patients with inoperable pancreatic carcinomas were enrolled in this study. They received gemcitabine (1 g/m 2 ) 3 times in a cycle (4 weeks). Contrast-enhanced harmonic ultrasonography (CE-US) was performed immediately before the fist cycle and after completing each cycle, by the use of a GE LOGIQ 9 Series unit. We classified patients into 2 groups according to the changes of tumor vascularity observed by CE-US. Group A represents those with tumors in which tumor vascularity was increased during a certain period after the chemotherapy. Group B represents those with tumors in which tumor vascularity was not increased throughout the observation period. Tumor makers (serum CEA, CA19–9, Span-1 and Dupan-2) and median survival time (MST) were employed for the evaluation of therapeutic response and compared between the 2 groups. Results: CE-US demonstrated the increase of tumor vascularity after the chemotherapy in 17 of 33 patients (Group A). MST in the Group A (306 days) was significantly longer than that in the Group B (187 days). The reduction of tumor makers (reduction by 50 % of either serum CEA, CA19–9, Span-1 or Dupan-2) was observed in all patients (17/17) in the group A and in 25 % of patients (4/16) in the group B. The increase of tumor vascularity was noted when the tumor makers were reduced. The increased vascularity turned to decline in parallel with the tumor progression. Conclusion: CE-US is useful for the evaluation of chemotherapeutic response in terms of vascularity. The increased vascularity in pancreatic carcinomas after the chemotherapy may represent the improvement of vascular sclerosis and tumor invasion in small arterioles. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Use of chemotherapy and immunotherapy in the last two months of life in a French institutional anticancer center, 2008-2009.
Authors: D. E. Coeffic, C. Castillo, C. Sebban, C. Garnier, I. Menard, O. Brun, L. Dupuy, D. Fric, C. Leyronnas, D. Assouline
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e19656 Background: Despite improvements in the outcome of solid malignancy, a great number of patients (pts) will died from their affliction. The timing for cessation of oncologic treatment is difficult to establish. Furthermore, It would be useful, to have economic data of the end of life (EOL). This approach is rarely achieved in a French system of care. Methods: In order to collect data about therapy in the EOL and to understand the decision process, we performed a study in a French anticancer center. Results: From November 2008 to May 2009, we observed all adult pts treated in one single institution by at least one chemotherapy regimen for solid malignancy died from the evolution of disease, therapy-related complications or secondary neoplasm. 62 pts died in this period. Median age at death was 69. Colorectal (7), breast (8), lung (8) and head and neck (8) cancer were 50 % of the pts. Median time between diagnosis and death was 25.2 months. Median time between diagnosis of metastases and death was 11.4 months. Pts have received a median line of treatment of 2.5, 14 pts received 4 line or more. 54 pts died of terminal disease, although 8 pts died of acute complications. Among the 62 pts, 29% received chemotherapy or immunotherapy the last 4 wks and 48% the last 8 wks, corresponding to 726,22 € and 1566,37 € per treated pts. Among pts received therapy the last 8 wks, median time between last regimen and death was 13 days. As we found no toxic deaths, 2 pts died just after chemotherapy (3 and 1 days). We can estimate that 29% of the 62 pts had received a probably useless or nonevaluated therapy for efficacy, the last 4 wks. No predictive clinical factors have been found to understand the decision process. No correlation has been found between demographic characteristics of medical doctor and the decision process. 95% of pts have been informed of prognosis, in the last 4 wks. In 90% of pts, relatives and/or pts have been associated to decision of treatment. Conclusions: These preliminary data suggest, in EOL, the requirement to use evaluated clinical scale to indicate oncologic treatment, the need to evaluate toxic deaths, and to assess pertinence and efficacy of chemotherapy or biotherapy, including an economic approach. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Pulse photodynamic therapy reduces inflammation without compromising efficacy in the treatment of multiple mild actinic keratoses of the face and scalp: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: S.R. Wiegell, B. Petersen, H.C. Wulf
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2016)

The main side-effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT) for actinic keratoses (AKs) are post-treatment erythema and oedema, and pain during illumination. Severe erythema after PDT enhances the down time associated with the treatment.To evaluate in a randomized intraindividual study whether pulse-PDT and corticosteroid pulse-PDT would reduce treatment-induced erythema compared with conventional PDT.Twenty-two patients with multiple mild AKs on the face and scalp were treated with methyl aminolaevulinate (MAL)-PDT in three similar areas. Two areas were incubated with MAL for 30 min (pulse-PDT) and one area was incubated with MAL for 3 h (conventional PDT). All areas were illuminated with red light after 3 h. In one of the pulse-PDT areas a superpotent corticosteroid was applied before and just after PDT (S-pulse-PDT).Pulse-PDT significantly reduced PDT-induced erythema (P = 0·020), and erythema was even further reduced by S-pulse-PDT (P < 0·001). The complete lesion response rate 3 months after PDT did not differ significantly between the three treated areas.Pulse-PDT and S-pulse-PDT reduced erythema 24 h after treatment of multiple mild AKs on the face and scalp. The use of a short MAL application time and topical corticosteroid did not affect the efficacy of PDT and may be an easy way to make PDT treatment of large visible areas more acceptable.
The incidence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 variants of unknown significance varies in different ethnic populations
Authors: D. M. Opatt, M. Morrow, M. Daly
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

10002 Background: BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in the general population are rare. Women with these mutations have a significantly increased risk of invasive breast and ovarian cancer (65–85% and 15–65% cumulative lifetime risk, respectively). Variants of unknown significance (VUS), which are of uncertain clinical importance, account for up to 50% of all identified BRCA1 and BRCA2 sequence alterations 1 . Methods: Pooled data from all patients presenting to Fox Chase Cancer Center for genetic counseling was examined. Patients underwent genetic testing after detailed genetic counseling. Clinical data, including gender, ethnic background, and personal history of cancer, and total number of patients tested were collected. Results: A total of 1,765 women and 236 men underwent genetic testing. The distribution of ethnicity was: &lt;1% Asian, 2.7% African American, &lt;1% Hispanic, 2.4% other or of more than one ethnicity, 83% White, and 11% unknown. Mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 were seen in 13% of the women and 2.7% of the men. VUS were seen in 6.2% of the women and .15% of the men. Of the women positive for a VUS, 2.4% were Asian, 18.1% were African American, 5.5% were Hispanic, 4.7% were more than one ethnicity, 66.9% were White, and 2.4% were Unknown ethnicity. Only .15% of the men tested were positive for a VUS, all of whom were White. Of the 51 African American women tested, 45.1% were positive for a VUS while only 5.5% of the 1,503 White women tested were positive (p&lt;0.0001). Of the females testing positive for a VUS, a personal history of breast cancer was seen in 66.7% of Asians, 78.3% of African Americans, 100% of Hispanics, 83.3% of those more than one race, 61% of Whites, and none of the people of unknown ethnic origin. One of three men testing positive for a VUS reported a history of breast cancer. Conclusions: Identification of VUS occurred disproportionately in African Americans, occurring ten times more often in African American women than White women in our study. Studies to improve classification of VUS as deleterious or neutral are needed to enhance the utility of genetic testing for women at risk, particularly those of African American ethnicity. 1 Goldman, DE et al. Am. J. Hum. Genet., 2004. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
2016 Classification Criteria for Macrophage Activation Syndrome Complicating Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology/Paediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organisation Collaborative Initiative
Authors: Angelo Ravelli, Francesca Minoia, Sergio Davì, AnnaCarin Horne, Francesca Bovis, Angela Pistorio, Maurizio Aricò, Tadej Avcin, Edward M. Behrens, Fabrizio De Benedetti, Lisa Filipovic, Alexei A. Grom, Jan‐Inge Henter, Norman T. Ilowite, Michael B. Jordan, Raju Khubchandani, Toshiyuki Kitoh, Kai Lehmberg, Daniel J. Lovell, Paivi Miettunen, Kim E. Nichols, Seza Ozen, Jana Pachlopnik Schmid, Athimalaipet V. Ramanan, Ricardo Russo, Rayfel Schneider, Gary Sterba, Yosef Uziel, Carol Wallace, Carine Wouters, Nico Wulffraat, Erkan Demirkaya, Hermine I. Brunner, Alberto Martini, Nicolino Ruperto, Randy Q. Cron
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2015)

Objective To develop criteria for the classification of macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) in patients with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Methods A multistep process, based on a combination of expert consensus and analysis of real patient data, was conducted. A panel of 28 experts was first asked to classify 428 patient profiles as having or not having MAS, based on clinical and laboratory features at the time of disease onset. The 428 profiles comprised 161 patients with systemic JIA–associated MAS and 267 patients with a condition that could potentially be confused with MAS (active systemic JIA without evidence of MAS, or systemic infection). Next, the ability of candidate criteria to classify individual patients as having MAS or not having MAS was assessed by evaluating the agreement between the classification yielded using the criteria and the consensus classification of the experts. The final criteria were selected in a consensus conference. Results Experts achieved consensus on the classification of 391 of the 428 patient profiles (91.4%). A total of 982 candidate criteria were tested statistically. The 37 best‐performing criteria and 8 criteria obtained from the literature were evaluated at the consensus conference. During the conference, 82% consensus among experts was reached on the final MAS classification criteria. In validation analyses, these criteria had a sensitivity of 0.73 and a specificity of 0.99. Agreement between the classification (MAS or not MAS) obtained using the criteria and the original diagnosis made by the treating physician was high (κ = 0.76). Conclusion We have developed a set of classification criteria for MAS complicating systemic JIA and provided preliminary evidence of its validity. Use of these criteria will potentially improve understanding of MAS in systemic JIA and enhance efforts to discover effective therapies, by ensuring appropriate patient enrollment in studies.
COPD in elders (>80y.): Smoking and air pollution
Authors: Raffaele Giura, Walter Sgroni
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

We studied a group of Elders living in a Nursing home and affected by COPD.The diagnosis has been made in all of them five or more years ago.  63 Elders affected by COPD have been found among 282(>80 y.) admitted into our geriatric nursing home:22,3% of the total number.COPD has been associated to heart diseases(54%),cerebrovascular diseases(46%) and moderate or severe dementia(45%).  Concerning the Gender 17 are men and 46 women. For the age 18 are between 80/84 y.,25 between 85/89 y. and 20 over 90y.  Ex smokers(22): 6 m.and 3 w.in the first group,5 m. and 5 w. in the second, 1 m. and 2 w. in the third.No smokers(41):1 m. and 8 w.in the first,2 m. and 13 w. in the second,2 m. and 15 w. in the third.  No differences have been found between ex smokers and no smokers about the numbers of exacerbations of COPD and the supplement of oxygen in the last year.The drug more used has been Tiotropium(more than half of elders) while only in few cases Beta2 long-acting and inhaled corticosteroids.  Unfortunately in ten women, no-smokers,it has been impossibile to check their exposition to passive-smoke.  Conclusion: in women no smokers,without occupational exposures,ambient air pollution is a probable risk factor for the development of COPD.In our elders the evolution has been rather slow but has required continual treatment and has worsened their quality of life.  We thank dr.F.Grassi M.D.,dr.M.Guarisco M.D.,dr.F.Rossini M.D.,dr.M.Susta M.D.,dr.P.Tettamanti M.D. and dr.M.Vivona M.D.for their continuous team-work.
Thin-section computed tomography findings of patients with acute Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia with and without concurrent infection
Authors: Fumito Okada, Yumiko Ando, Asami Ono, Tomoko Nakayama, Haruka Sato, Ayaka Kira, Koichi Honda, Hiromu Mori
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Objectives: To compare the pulmonary thin-section computed tomography (CT) findings of patients with acute Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia with and without concurrent infection.

Methods: The study group comprised 86 patients with acute S. pneumoniae pneumonia, 36 patients with S. pneumoniae pneumonia combined with Haemophilus influenzae infection, 26 patients with S. pneumoniae pneumonia combined with Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection, and 22 patients with S. pneumoniae pneumonia combined with methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) infection. We compared the thin-section CT findings among the groups.

Results: Centrilobular nodules and bronchial wall thickening were also significantly more frequent in patients with pneumonia caused by concurrent infection (H. influenzae: p<0.001 and p<0.001, P. aeruginosa: p<0.001 and p<0.001, MSSA: p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively) than in those infected with S. pneumoniae alone. Cavity and bilateral pleural effusions were significantly more frequent in cases of S. pneumoniae pneumonia with concurrent P. aeruginosa infection than in cases of S. pneumoniae pneumonia alone (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively) or with concurrent H. influenzae (p<0.05 and p<0.001, respectively) or MSSA infection (p<0.05 and p<0.05, respectively).

Conclusions: When a patient with S. pneumoniae pneumonia has centrilobular nodules, bronchial wall thickening, cavity or bilateral pleural effusions on CT images, concurrent infection should be considered.
Distinct patterns of PSA modulation by single-agent sunitinib before combination with docetaxel and prednisone in patients with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPCa)
Authors: A. J. Zurita, N. D. Shore, M. F. Kozloff, C. W. Ryan, T. M. Beer, E. C. Maneval, I. Chen, C. J. Logothetis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

5134 Background: We are conducting a phase I study of the oral, multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor sunitinib malate in patients with CRPCa as a single agent lead-in, followed by combination with docetaxel and prednisone, to determine the optimal dose, safety, efficacy and pharmacokinetic profile of the combination. The lead-in with sunitinib alone was included to evaluate whether PSA is modulated differently than with imatinib (Mathew et al. JCO 2004;22:3323–9), and if this is predictive of response and toxicity to the combination. In addition to blocking PDGF signaling (imatinib), sunitinib also blocks VEGF. Preliminary safety and efficacy were previously reported (ASCO Prostate Symposium 2007). Here we present PSA modulation results. Methods: All patients receive a lead-in of daily sunitinib 50 mg for 4 weeks (wks) on, 2 wks off, prior to starting combination therapy. To date, 3 successive cohorts have received 60 mg/m 2 docetaxel every 3 wks combined with prednisone 5 mg bid and escalating sunitinib doses (12.5, 37.5 or 50 mg/d) on a 2/1 schedule (2 wks on, 1 wk off). An ongoing cohort is receiving 75 mg/m 2 docetaxel + 37.5 mg/d sunitinib. Dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) are evaluated over the first 3-wk cycle. Results: PSA results are available for 21 patients (pts) enrolled across the 4 cohorts (median age 68 yrs, PSA 42 ng/mL, Gleason score 8). Preliminary data showed 3 patterns of sunitinib-induced PSA modulation during the lead-in: PSA reduction (6 pts; mean decrease 37.8%; &gt;50% in 2 pts), initial increase followed by drop during the off-sunitinib period (10 pts; mean decrease 32.5%), and PSA increase (5 pts; mean increase 61%). Conclusions: Single-agent sunitinib induces PSA decline in a subset of patients with CRPCa in contrast to that observed with agents targeting PDGF or VEGF alone. The predictive value of the “lead-in PSA kinetics” in determining later response to the sunitinib plus docetaxel and prednisone combination will require completion of the study. These data support the hypothesis that blocking VEGFR may alter the phenotype of CRPCa and be synergistic with blocking PDGFR. [Table: see text]