tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Expression of the Disintegrin Metalloprotease, ADAM-10, in Prostate Cancer and Its Regulation by Dihydrotestosterone, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, and Epidermal Growth Factor in the Prostate Cancer Cell Model LNCaP
Authors: Daniel R. McCulloch, Pascal Akl, Hemamali Samaratunga, Adrian C. Herington, Dimitri M. Odorico
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract Purpose: The disintegrin metalloprotease ADAM-10 is a multidomain metalloprotease that is potentially significant in tumor progression due to its extracellular matrix-degrading properties. Previously, ADAM-10 mRNA was detected in prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines; however, the presence of ADAM-10 protein and its cellular localization, regulation, and role have yet to be described. We hypothesized that ADAM-10 mRNA and protein may be regulated by growth factors such as 5α-dihydrotestosterone, insulin-like growth factor I, and epidermal growth factor, known modulators of PCa cell growth and invasion. Experimental Design: ADAM-10 expression was analyzed by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry in prostate tissues obtained from 23 patients with prostate disease. ADAM-10 regulation was assessed using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR and Western blot analysis in the PCa cell line LNCaP. Results: ADAM-10 expression was localized to the secretory cells of prostate glands, with additional basal cell expression in benign glands. ADAM-10 protein was predominantly membrane bound in benign glands but showed marked nuclear localization in cancer glands. By Western blot, the 100-kDa proform and the 60-kDa active form of ADAM-10 were synergistically up-regulated in LNCaP cells treated with insulin-like growth factor I plus 5α-dihydrotestosterone. Epidermal growth factor also up-regulated both ADAM-10 mRNA and protein. Conclusions: This study describes for the first time the expression, regulation, and cellular localization of ADAM-10 protein in PCa. The regulation and membrane localization of ADAM-10 support our hypothesis that ADAM-10 has a role in extracellular matrix maintenance and cell invasion, although the potential role of nuclear ADAM-10 is not yet known.
Epidemiology of pneumothorax – finally something solid out of thin air
Authors: R J Hallifax, N M Rahman
Journal: Thorax (2015)

Pneumothorax is a common pathology.Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) conventionally refers to patients with no underlying lung disease, while those with established lung pathology are classified as secondary spontaneous pneumothorax (SSP).Commonly quoted estimates of incidence of spontaneous pneumothoraces are based on studies that are often many years old and from single centres 45 years ago in the USA 1 and 30 years ago in Sweden: 2 with a reported overall incidence of 18-24 per 100 000 cases per annum for men and 1.2-6 per 100 000 for women and that of PSP as 7.4-18 cases (age-adjusted incidence) and 1.2-6 cases per 100 000 population per year for men and women, respectively. 1 2More recently, Gupta et al 3 published the largest epidemiological dataset based on General Practice Research Database and Hospital Episode Statistics over 4 years in the UK.Mortality data were based on the Office of National Statistics data from 1950 to 1997 for all deaths from pneumothorax. 3The combined hospital admission rates for PSP and SSP in this study were 16.7 per 100 000 for men and 5.8 per 100 000 for women, with corresponding mortality rates of 1.26 per million and 0.62 per million per annum. 3There have been no large-scale epidemiological publications since, with most subsequent data being case series based.Into this void, in Thorax, Bobbio et al 4 present 4 years' data (2008-2011) from the French national dataset: "Programme de Médicalisation des Systèmes d'Information".Based upon nearly 60 000 hospital admission episodes, this represents the largest epidemiological study of pneumothorax to date, and the authors should be congratulated on this large piece of precise epidemiological work.The authors report an annual rate of pneumothorax of 22.7 per 100 000 population, with a male-to-female ratio of 3.3:1, consistent with previous studies.
Lack of association betweenIL-15genetic variants and progression of joint destruction in Japanese patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Shinji Yoshida, Katsunori Ikari, Koichiro Yano, Yoshiaki Toyama, Atsuo Taniguchi, Hisashi Yamanaka, Shigeki Momohara
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

Recently, Knevel et al 1 reported that interleukin 15 ( IL-15 ) genetic variants are associated with progression of joint destruction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) enrolled in a European multicohort study. IL-15 is a proinflammatory cytokine that is overexpressed in patients with RA. Overproduction of IL-15 is thought to induce T cell activation and proliferation, possibly contributing to the pathogenesis of RA.2 ,3 Some variants of genetic predisposition factors for RA are restricted to particular ethnic groups, revealing the presence of genetic heterogeneity.4 ,5 We investigated the associations between IL-15 genetic variants and progression of joint destruction in Japanese patients with RA.

We studied 865 patients with RA for whom Sharp/van der Heijde (SHS) scores of the hands were available at a disease duration of 5 years. DNA samples of the subjects were obtained from the Institute of Rheumatology Rheumatoid Arthritis (IORRA) cohort study DNA collection.6 All of the patients …
Establishment of standardised SLA/LP immunoassays: specificity for autoimmune hepatitis, worldwide occurrence, and clinical characteristics
Authors: M Baeres, J Herkel, A J Czaja, I Wies, S Kanzler, E L R Cancado, G Porta, M Nishioka, T Simon, C Daehnrich, W Schlumberger, P R Galle, A W Lohse
Journal: Gut (2002)

Antibodies to soluble liver antigen/liver pancreas (SLA/LP) are specific markers of autoimmune hepatitis. Their target antigen has recently been cloned.To establish standardised immunoassays using the recombinant antigen, and to assess the frequency and significance of seropositivity in patients from different countries.An enzyme linked immunoassay was developed using purified recombinant antigen and validated by testing sera from 200 healthy blood donors and 1026 patients with various liver and non-liver diseases. The assay was then applied to 454 sera from 419 patients with autoimmune hepatitis from different countries. All sera were also tested by inhibition immunoassay and western blot.Antibodies were reliably detected by the recombinant immunoassay and occurred exclusively in patients with autoimmune liver disease. Twenty three of 149 patients from the USA (15%), 23/132 from Brazil (17%), 21/108 from Germany (19%), and 2/30 from Japan (7%) were seropositive. Clinical features at presentation were similar between seropositive and seronegative patients. However, relapse after corticosteroid withdrawal or during maintenance therapy occurred more commonly in seropositive patients.Antibodies to SLA/LP can be reliably detected by these standardised immunoassays based on recombinant antigen. Antibodies to SLA/LP occur with similar frequencies in different geographical regions, races, and age groups, and are of exquisite diagnostic specificity. Whether SLA/LP positive patients represent a clinically distinct subgroup remains to be determined; relapse during treatment reduction appeared to be more common in the SLA/LP group.
Polymorphisms in Inflammation Genes and Bladder Cancer: From Initiation to Recurrence, Progression, and Survival
Authors: Dan Leibovici, H. Barton Grossman, Colin P. Dinney, Randal E. Millikan, Seth Lerner, Yunfei Wang, Jian Gu, Qiong Dong, Xifeng Wu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

Purpose Since chronic inflammation contributes to tumorigenesis, we hypothesized that the risk and clinical outcome of bladder cancer (BC) might be modulated by genetic variations in inflammation genes. Methods Using the TaqMan method, we genotyped single nucleotide polymorphisms in interleukin (IL) -6 (−174 G→C), IL-8 (−251 T→A), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α; −308 G→A), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARG; Pro12Ala), and determined their associations with BC initiation and clinical outcome. Results We found that the IL-6 variant genotype (C/C) was associated with an increased BC risk (OR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.25 to 2.51). There were joint effects between the variant IL-6 genotypes and smoking status, and between the variant genotypes of IL-6 and other genes. To assess effect on recurrence, we grouped non-muscle-invasive BC patients according to intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) treatment status: no BCG, induction BCG (iBCG), and maintenance BCG (mBCG). In the Cox proportional hazards model, the variant IL-6 genotype was associated with an increased recurrence risk (hazard ratio [HR], 4.60; 95% CI, 1.24 to 17.09) in patients receiving mBCG. The variant PPARG genotype was associated with a reduced recurrence risk (HR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.20 to 0.86) among untreated patients. In patients with non-muscle-invasive BC, the variant IL-6 genotype was associated with an increased progression risk (HR, 1.88; 95% CI, 0.80 to 4.11). In patients with invasive BC, variant IL-6 was associated with improved 5-year overall and disease-specific survival (HR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.19 to 0.94 and HR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.15 to 1.00, respectively). Conclusion Inflammation gene polymorphisms are associated with modified BC risk, treatment response, and survival.
Excess maternal transmission of type 2 diabetes. The Northern California Kaiser Permanente Diabetes Registry.
Authors: A J Karter, S E Rowell, L M Ackerson, B D Mitchell, A Ferrara, J V Selby, B Newman
Journal: Diabetes Care (1999)

OBJECTIVE: To assess excess maternal transmission of type 2 diabetes in a multiethnic cohort. Previous studies have reported higher prevalence of diabetes among mothers of probands with type 2 diabetes than among fathers. This analysis is vulnerable to biases, and this pattern has not been observed in all populations or races. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We assessed evidence for excess maternal transmission among 42,533 survey respondents with type 2 diabetes (probands) by calculating the prevalence of diabetes in their siblings and offspring. To assess data quality, we evaluated completeness of family history data provided. Accuracy of family information reported by probands was also evaluated by comparing survey responses in a subsample of 206 probands with family histories modified after further interviews with relatives. RESULTS: Siblings (n = 60,532) of probands with affected mothers had a greater prevalence of diabetes (20%) than those with affected fathers (17%) (P &amp;lt; 0.001 for adjusted odds ratios). Prevalence of diabetes was higher among the offspring (n = 72,087) of female (3.4%) versus male (2.2%) probands (P &amp;lt; 0.001 for adjusted odds ratios). These patterns were evident in all races and both sexes; however, the effect size was clinically insignificant in African-Americans and male offspring. In general, probands provided more complete data about diabetes status for the maternal arm of the pedigree than the paternal arm. Completeness of knowledge was not related to proband sex, but was related to education and race, and inversely to age. Accuracy of proband-reported family history was consistently good (kappa statistics generally &amp;gt; 0.70). CONCLUSIONS: Excess maternal transmission was observed in all races and both sexes, although the size of the excess was negligible in African-Americans and male offspring. Potential reporting and censoring biases are discussed.
Solid-Organ Transplantation in HIV-Infected Patients
Authors: Scott D Halpern, Peter A Ubel, Arthur L Caplan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Many centers do not consider asymptomatic HIV-positive patients to be candidates for solid-organ transplantation, although there are no data to indicate that the outcome of transplantation is worse among these patients than among other transplant recipients. This Sounding Board reviews the ethical arguments for considering tranplantatation in patients with HIV infection as similar to transplantation in patients with other chronic illnesses.
Stage II Testicular Seminoma: Patterns of Recurrence and Outcome of Treatment
Authors: Peter W.M Chung, Mary K Gospodarowicz, Tony Panzarella, Michael A.S Jewett, Jeremy F.G Sturgeon, Betty Tew-George, Andrew J.S Bayley, Charles N Catton, Michael F Milosevic, Malcolm Moore, Padraig R Warde
Journal: European Urology (2004)
Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in infected and uninfected diabetic foot ulcers
Authors: N. Tentolouris, G. Petrikkos, N. Vallianou, C. Zachos, G.L. Daikos, P. Tsapogas, G. Markou, N. Katsilambros
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2005)
Phase I Clinical Trial of an Adenovirus/Prostate-Specific Antigen Vaccine for Prostate Cancer: Safety and Immunologic Results
Authors: David M. Lubaroff, Badrinath R. Konety, Brian Link, Jack Gerstbrein, Tammy Madsen, Mary Shannon, Jeanne Howard, Jennifer Paisley, Diana Boeglin, Timothy L. Ratliff, Richard D. Williams
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Purpose: We performed a phase I clinical trial of adenovirus/prostate-specific antigen (PSA) vaccine in men with measurable metastatic hormone-refractory disease. Experimental Design: Men with measurable metastatic disease received one vaccine injection. Toxicity, immune responses, changes in PSA doubling times, and patient survival were assessed. Thirty-two patients with hormone-refractory metastatic prostate cancer were treated with a single s.c. vaccine injection at one of three dose levels, either as an aqueous solution or suspended in a Gelfoam matrix. All patients returned for physical and clinical chemistry examinations at regular intervals up to 12 months after injections. Results: The vaccine was deemed safe at all doses in both administration forms. There were no serious vaccine-related adverse events; the most prevalent were localized erythema/ecchymoses and cold/flu-like symptoms. Anti-PSA antibodies were produced by 34% of patients and anti-PSA T-cell responses were produced by 68%. PSA doubling time was increased in 48%, whereas 55% survived longer than predicted by the Halabi nomogram. Conclusions: The adenovirus/PSA vaccine was proven safe with no serious vaccine-related adverse events. The majority of vaccinated patients produced anti-PSA T-cell responses and over half survived longer than predicted by nomogram. Although the latter data are only derived from a small number of patients in this phase I trial, they are encouraging enough to pursue further studies. (Clin Cancer Res 2009;15(23):7375–80)
From TEM to TME
Authors: Ronan Cahill
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Single agent rituximab in patients with follicular or mantle cell lymphoma: clinical and biological factors that are predictive of response and event-free survival as well as the effect of rituximab on the immune system: a study of the Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (SAKK)
Authors: M. Ghielmini, K. Rufibach, G. Salles, L. Leoncini-Franscini, C. Léger-Falandry, S. Cogliatti, M. Fey, G. Martinelli, R. Stahel, A. Lohri, N. Ketterer, M. Wernli, T. Cerny, S.-F. Hsu Schmitz
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2005)
Occurrence and correlates of fatigue in psoriatic arthritis
Authors: J A Husted, B D Tom, C T Schentag, V T Farewell, D D Gladman
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2008)

To determine the relationship between fatigue and disease-related and psychosocial variables in psoriatic arthritis (PsA).499 patients attending the University of Toronto PsA Clinic were administered the modified fatigue severity scale (mFSS). At the time of mFSS administration, clinical and laboratory measures of disease activity and damage were recorded. Linear regression models were used to examine the cross-sectional relationship between disease-related and psychosocial variables and mFSS scores.At least moderate fatigue occurred in 49.5% of patients and severe fatigue in 28.7%. Univariately the vast majority of variables were significantly associated with mFSS scores. The final multivariate model was composed of female sex, the medical outcome survey short form 36 (SF-36) pain and mental health scales, the number of fibromyalgia tender points, the health assessment questionnaire (HAQ) and "ever used" methotrexate, and explained 54.5% of the variation in mFSS scores. The SF-36 mental health scale played the largest role in the multivariate model, uniquely accounting for 6.6% of the variation in the fatigue severity scale. The disease-related factors significant at the univariate level did not achieve statistical significance in the context of HAQ and pain measures.Fatigue is a common symptom in PsA, and is associated, in a multivariate model, with pain, female sex, physical functional disability, medication status and psychological distress. Fatigue appears to provide some information that does not overlap with the core set of outcome domains in PsA.
A simple method for measuring DNA synthesis in epidermis and sebaceous glands and its application in chalone assays
Authors: A.L. THORNLEY, D.J. SPARGO, E.B. LAURENCE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1977)

Liquid scintillation counting and autoradiography were used to measure DNA synthesis (3H-TdR uptake and incorporation) by the epidermis and the sebaceous glands in mouse pinna skin. Using this approach it has been possible to show that a chalone-like inhibitor of DNA synthesis acts rapidly to restrict the flow of epidermal G1 cells into S-phase. The point of action within the cell cycle is probably at the G1-S phase 'boundary'. The technique described is sufficiently sensitive to be used for measuring small alterations in DNA synthesis in short-term experiments and for long-term experiments in which the size of the progenitor cell population is altered by systemic or topical administration of compounds influencing DNA synthesis.
Interleukin-2 regulates CC chemokine receptor expression and chemotactic responsiveness in T lymphocytes.
Authors: P Loetscher, M Seitz, M Baggiolini, B Moser
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1996)

Several studies have shown that CC chemokines attract T lymphocytes, and that CD45RO+, memory phenotype cells are considered to be the main responders. The results, however, have often been contradictory and the role of lymphocyte activation and proliferation has remained unclear. Using CD45RO+ blood lymphocytes cultured under different stimulatory conditions, we have now studied chemotaxis as well as chemokine receptor expression. Expression of the RANTES/MIP-1 alpha receptor (CC-CKR1) and the MCP-1 receptor (CC-CKR2) was highly correlated with migration toward RANTES, MCP-1, and other CC chemokines, and was strictly dependent on the presence of IL-2 in the culture medium. Migration and receptor expression were rapidly downregulated when IL-2 was withdrawn, but were fully restored when IL-2 was added again. The effect of IL-2 could be partially mimicked by IL-4, IL-10, or IL-12, but not by IL-13, IFN gamma, IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, or by exposure to anti-CD3, anti-CD28 or phytohemagglutinin. Activation of fully responsive lymphocytes through the TCR/CD3 complex and CD28 antigen actually had the opposite effect. It rapidly downregulated receptor expression and consequent migration even in the presence of IL-2. In contrast to the effects on CC chemokine receptors, stimulation of CD45RO+ T lymphocytes with IL-2 neither induced the expression of the CXC chemokine receptors, IL8-R1 and IL8-R2, nor chemotaxis to IL-8. The prominent role of IL-2 in CC chemokine responsiveness of lymphocytes suggests that IL-2-mediated expansion is a prerequisite for the recruitment of antigen-activated T cells into sites of immune and inflammatory reactions.
Prospective Randomized Multicenter Trial of Empirical Antitachycardia Pacing Versus Shocks for Spontaneous Rapid Ventricular Tachycardia in Patients With Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators
Authors: Mark S. Wathen, Paul J. DeGroot, Michael O. Sweeney, Alice J. Stark, Mary F. Otterness, Wayne O. Adkisson, Robert C. Canby, Koroush Khalighi, Christian Machado, Donald S. Rubenstein, Kent J. Volosin
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Successful antitachycardia pacing (ATP) terminates ventricular tachycardia (VT) up to 250 bpm without the need for painful shocks in implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) patients. Fast VT (FVT) >200 bpm is often treated by shock because of safety concerns, however. This prospective, randomized, multicenter trial compares the safety and utility of empirical ATP with shocks for FVT in a broad ICD population.We randomized 634 ICD patients to 2 arms-standardized empirical ATP (n=313) or shock (n=321)-for initial therapy of spontaneous FVT. ICDs were programmed to detect FVT when 18 of 24 intervals were 188 to 250 bpm and 0 of the last 8 intervals were >250 bpm. Initial FVT therapy was ATP (8 pulses, 88% of FVT cycle length) or shock at 10 J above the defibrillation threshold. Syncope and arrhythmic symptoms were collected through patient diaries and interviews. In 11+/-3 months of follow-up, 431 episodes of FVT occurred in 98 patients, representing 32% of ventricular tachyarrhythmias and 76% of those that would be detected as ventricular fibrillation and shocked with traditional ICD programming. ATP was effective in 229 of 284 episodes in the ATP arm (81%, 72% adjusted). Acceleration, episode duration, syncope, and sudden death were similar between arms. Quality of life, measured with the SF-36, improved in patients with FVT in both arms but more so in the ATP arm.Compared with shocks, empirical ATP for FVT is highly effective, is equally safe, and improves quality of life. ATP may be the preferred FVT therapy in most ICD patients.
Paths of Resistance to EGFR Inhibitors: Is NF Enough?
Authors: Ophélia Maertens, Karen Cichowski
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2014)

Abstract Summary: Although the majority of patients with EGFR-mutant lung cancer respond well to EGF receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), all patients eventually develop resistance. The mechanism of acquired resistance is still unknown for a considerable subset of cases. This study reveals the NF1 tumor suppressor gene as a new mediator of resistance to EGFR TKIs and provides a mechanistic rationale for developing combination therapies. Cancer Discov; 4(5); 519–21. ©2014 AACR. See related article by de Bruin et al., p. 606