tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylase in Human Bronchial Epithelium and Blood Monocyte&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn4"&gt;4&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: M W Kahng, M W Smith, B F Trump
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

The inducibility of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) in human bronchial epithelium and blood monocyte was studied in 11 immediate autopsy patients without lung cancer. When the bronchus was exposed to 10 microgram of benz[a]anthracene (BA)/ml medium in explant culture, the levels of AHH induction in the bronchus were 3- to 29-fold above control levels. The specific enzyme activity ranged from not detectable (i.e., < 0.14) to 2.9 nmol/hour/mg DNA in untreated tissue and from 1.2 to 30 nmol/hour/mg DNA in BA-treated bronchus. The optimum pH for the bronchus AHH was 7.7. Control AHH and BA-induced AHH in bronchus were both inhibited by 100 microM 7,8-benzoflavone in vitro. Induction of AHH in monocytes ranged from 1.5- to 30-fold above that of controls when the cells were exposed to 2 microgram of BA/ml medium in culture. The specific enzyme activity ranged from 1.6 to 19 pmol/hour/10(6) cells in untreated monocytes and from 5.8 to 53 pmol/hour/10(6) cells in BA-treated monocytes. The extent of AHH induction in monocytes depended on BA concentration (from 0.1 to 10.0 microgram) in a dose-related manner. AHH activity increased linearly with the number of monocytes (from 0.5 to 2x10(6)) in the assay system. 7,8-Benzoflavone inhibited the BA-induced but not the basal levels of monocyte AHH activity. The data are consistent with a correlation between the inducibility of AHH in human bronchus and blood monocyte from the same individual.
Response to: ‘Effects of colchicine on risk of cardiovascular events among patients with gout: as evidence accrues, is it time for a randomized trial?’ by Giannopoulos and Deftereos
Authors: Daniel H Solomon, Seoyoung C Kim
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

Response to: 'Effects of colchicine on risk of cardiovascular events among patients with gout: as evidence accrues, is it time for a randomized trial?' by Giannopoulos and DeftereosWe appreciate the interest of Drs Giannopoulos and Deftereos 1 in our recent paper; 2 they have been focused on colchicine's potential effects in cardiovascular disease in the general population.They inquired about the dosage, duration and indication for colchicine in our cohort.The mean dosage was approximately 0.5 mg per day, with some patients using it every other day and some twice daily.The median duration of colchicine users was approximately 1 year, but many did use it for shorter periods.We do not have information on the indications for use in our database but agree that the cardiovascular effects may differ based on its use for acute attacks or chronic prophylaxis.While we agree with Giannopoulos and Deftereos that mounting a randomised controlled clinical trial is difficult, several trials are currently enrolling non-gout patients testing the potential benefits of colchicine for secondary cardiovascular prevention (clinical trial # NCT02551094 and # NCT01906749).We believe that similar trials could be considered in patients with gout in whom colchicine is not infrequently part of chronic care.
Recognition by pregnancy serums of non-HL-A alloantigens selectively expressed on B lymphocytes.
Authors: R J Winchester, P Wernet, H G Kunkel, B Dupont, C Jersild, S M Fu
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1975)

A group of alloantibodies are found in pregnancy sera which react with antigens present on B lymphocytes and monocytes but are not detectable on the vast majority of unstimulated T cells. This specificity distinguishes them from HL-A antibodies which react with both cell types. They were readily recognized through indirect fluorescent antibody analysis by employing the combination of B-cell lymphoid lines and normal peripheral blood T cells. Different sera gave a variety of patterns of reactivity with a panel of 11 lymphoid lines. Similar differential patterns were also observed with normal B cells from different individuals particularly after concentrating the B cells. The antibodies were also cytotoxic to B cells and this procedure gave parallel results to the fluorescence method. The pattern of reactions obtained indicated a very heterogeneous system similar to that for HL-A. Special study of certain of the sera provided evidence that the lymphocyte-defined determinants of the mixed lymphocyte reaction system were involved. For convenience the term HL-B has been employed for these antigens.
Cerebellar Softening
Authors: B. Fairburn, L. C. Oliver
Journal: BMJ (1956)

Grade A Grade B Grade C Grade D Genital cancer .. I (1-5%) 25 (37.3%) 25 (37-3%) 16 (23 9%) No genital cancer 8 (3 4%) 132 (56-4%) 53 (22 6%) 4 (17 5%)was not a source of bias, for the average age of the patients with genital cancer was 57.0 years and that of the other women 56.1 years.Summary An investigation has been made into the post-menopausal production of oestrogen on a series of 353 women.The production of oestrogen was found to be high, 53 % of women showing evidence of considerable oestrogenic activity and only 20% showing none at all.The oestrogen production was not affected by the manner in which the menopause was achieved.Neither the ovary nor the adrenal was found to be a significant source of oestrogen after the menopause.Oestrogen did not appear to have an important part to play in either breast or female genital tract cancer.Part of this work was undertaken during
An Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group evaluation of combinations of methyl-CCNU, mitomycin C, Adriamycin, and 5-fluorouracil in advanced measurable gastric cancer (EST 2277).
Authors: H O Douglass, P T Lavin, A Goudsmit, D J Klaassen, A R Paul
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1984)

In a prospectively randomized trial, patients with advanced locally recurrent or metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma were randomized to receive 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and methyl-CCNU; 5-FU, Adriamycin (Adria Laboratories, Columbus, Ohio), and methyl-CCNU; 5-FU, Adriamycin, and mitomycin C; or Adriamycin and mitomycin C alone. One hundred eighty-three previously untreated evaluable patients were randomized among the four arms. An additional 39 patients previously treated with 5-FU, were assigned to treatment directly to Adriamycin and mitomycin C. Response rates were 14%, 29%, 39%, and 29%, respectively, among previously untreated patients and 21% for Adriamycin and mitomycin C among previously treated patients. 5-Fluorouracil, Adriamycin, and mitomycin C, the arm containing the largest number of responders (18), was the combination associated with the longest median survival. A larger proportion of patients in this arm survived one year or more. In addition, the 5-FU, Adriamycin, and mitomycin C program had the lowest rate of severe or worse toxicity of any of the treatments and was effective in patients who were less than fully ambulatory and in those who had lost weight. 5-Fluorouracil, Adriamycin, and mitomycin C appear to be a likely combination to be considered in a surgical adjuvant program.
Cellular Immune Responses To Vector In a Gene Therapy Trial For Hemophilia B Using An AAV8 Self-Complementary Factor IX Vector
Authors: Etiena Basner-Tschakarjan, Federico Mingozzi, Yifeng Chen, Amit Nathwani, Edward Tuddenham, Anne Riddell, Catherine Ng, Pradip Rustagi, Bertil Glader, Mark Kay, Ulrike M. Reiss, Arthur W. Nienhuis, Andrew Davidoff, Katherine A. High
Journal: Blood (2013)
West German Study Group Phase III PlanB Trial: First Prospective Outcome Data for the 21-Gene Recurrence Score Assay and Concordance of Prognostic Markers by Central and Local Pathology Assessment
Authors: Oleg Gluz, Ulrike A. Nitz, Matthias Christgen, Ronald E. Kates, Steven Shak, Michael Clemens, Stefan Kraemer, Bahriye Aktas, Sherko Kuemmel, Toralf Reimer, Manfred Kusche, Volker Heyl, Fatemeh Lorenz-Salehi, Marianne Just, Daniel Hofmann, Tom Degenhardt, Cornelia Liedtke, Christer Svedman, Rachel Wuerstlein, Hans H. Kreipe, Nadia Harbeck
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

The 21-gene Recurrence Score (RS) assay is a validated prognostic/predictive tool in early hormone receptor-positive breast cancer (BC); however, only a few prospective outcome results have been available so far. In the phase III PlanB trial, RS was prospectively used to define a subset of patients who received only endocrine therapy. We present 3-year outcome data and concordance analysis (among biomarkers/RS).Central tumor bank was established prospectively from PlanB (intermediate and high-risk, locally human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative BC). After an early amendment, HR-positive, pN0-1 patients with RS ≤ 11 were recommended to omit chemotherapy.From 2009 to 2011, PlanB enrolled 3,198 patients with a median age of 56 years; 41.1% had node-positive and 32.5% grade 3 disease. In 348 patients (15.3%), chemotherapy was omitted based on RS ≤ 11. After 35 months median follow-up, 3-year disease-free survival in patients with RS ≤ 11 and endocrine therapy alone was 98% versus 92% and 98% in RS > 25 and RS 12 to 25 in chemotherapy-treated patients, respectively. Nodal status, central and local grade, the Ki-67 protein encoded by the MKI67 gene, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, tumor size, and RS were univariate prognostic factors for disease-free survival; only nodal status, both central and local grade, and RS were independent multivariate factors. Histologic grade was discordant between central and local laboratories in 44%. RS was positively but moderately correlated with the Ki-67 protein encoded by the MKI67 gene and grade and negatively correlated with progesterone receptor and estrogen receptor.In this prospective trial, patients with enhanced clinical risk and omitted chemotherapy on the basis of RS ≤ 11 had excellent 3-year survival. The substantial discordance observed between traditional prognostic markers and RS emphasizes the need for standardized assessment and supports the potential integration of standardized, well-validated genomic assays such as RS with clinicopathologic prognostic factors for chemotherapy indication in early hormone receptor-positive BC.
Perioperative Cardiovascular Risk of Prior Coronary Stent Implantation Among Patients Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery
Authors: Karim D. Mahmoud, Saurabh Sanon, Elizabeth B. Habermann, Ryan J. Lennon, Kristine M. Thomsen, Douglas L. Wood, Felix Zijlstra, Robert L. Frye, David R. Holmes
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Adjuvant irradiation following mastectomy: where are we?
Authors: H B Muss
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1987)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1987.5.10.1500 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 3655854 Adjuvant irradiation following mastectomy: where are we? H B MussxH B MussSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1987.5.10.1500 PDF "Adjuvant irradiation following mastectomy: where are we?." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 5(10), pp. 1500–1501© 1987 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Epithelial Blood Group Antigens in Human Carcinomas of the Distal Colon: Further Studies on Their Pathologic Significance&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: M Abdelfattah-Gad, H Denk
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

Blood group antigen content of human carcinomas located in the distal large bowel (descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum) was determined by the specific red cell adherence reaction and was compared to several morphologic features of prognostic significance, e.g., differentiation, extent of tumor spread, peritumoral lymphoplasmocytlc infiltration, and growth patterns. About 50% of the carcinomas expressed blood group antigens in either diffuse or patchy distribution. Classification of tumors according to the extent of local spread revealed that 60% of Dukes stage A tumors were blood group antigen-negative, whereas 58% of those in Dukes stage B were positive. Dukes stage C lesions had an intermediate position, and this limits the prognostic usefulness of blood group antigen determinations. No significant correlations were found between blood group antigenicity and the degree of histologic differentiation, the degree of peritumoral lymphoplasmocytic infiltration, and the mode of tumor growth.
Efficacy of augmentation therapy for emphysema associated with α<sub>1</sub>-antitrypsin deficiency: enough is enough
Authors: Bruno Balbi, Ilaria Ferrarotti, Marc Miravitlles
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2015)

α1-Antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is an autosomal co-dominant genetic condition which is widely prevalent in populations of European descent [1]. The pathogenesis of AATD-related lung manifestations is related to a protease (namely neutrophil elastase)–antiprotease ( i.e. α1-antitrypsin, AAT) imbalance occurring in the respiratory system. In subjects with AATD this imbalance is usually caused by an enhanced burden of neutrophils, hence of neutrophil elastase, in the lung tissue, due to smoking and/or recurrent respiratory infections, and a variety of lung disorders may develop, predominantly lower lobe panacinar emphysema [2]. Augmentation therapy is effective in reducing the rate of decline of lung density in α1-antitrypsin deficiency <http://ow.ly/UXtMd>
Evidence That Amyloidogenic Light Chains Undergo Antigen-Driven Selection
Authors: Vittorio Perfetti, Paola Ubbiali, Maurizio Colli Vignarelli, Marta Diegoli, Roberta Fasani, Monica Stoppini, Antonella Lisa, Palma Mangione, Laura Obici, Eloisa Arbustini, Giampaolo Merlini
Journal: Blood (1998)
Abstract 58: Modeling Pathogenesis in Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Using Patient-Specific Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: Feng lan, Andrew Lee, Ping Liang, Enrique Navarrete, Li Wang, Han Leng, Veronica Sanchez, Michelle Yen, Yongming Wang, Patricia Nguyen, Ning Sun, Oscar Abilez, Richard Lewis, Yoshinori Yamaguchi, Euan Ashley, Donald Bers, Robert Robbins, Michael Longaker, Joseph Wu
Journal: Circulation Research (2012)

Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a prevalent familial cardiac disorder linked to development of heart failure, arrhythmia, and sudden cardiac death. Molecular genetic studies have demonstrated HCM is caused by mutations in genes encoding for the cardiac sarcomere. However, the pathways by which sarcomeric mutations result in myocyte hypertrophy and contractile abnormalities are not well understood. Methods: We aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of HCM through the generation of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) from dermal fibroblasts of a 10 member family, five of whom carry a hereditary HCM missense mutation (Arg663His) in the MYH7 gene. Results: As compared to control iPSC-CMs derived from healthy family members, HCM iPSC-CMs exhibited enlarged cell size, increased atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) expression, nuclear translocation of nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT), and aggravated contractile dysfunction in response to stimulation by β-adrenergic agonists. Interestingly, both video analysis of beating cells and whole cell patch clamping revealed arrhythmia in a significant portion of diseased iPSC-CMs at the single cell level. Ca 2+ imaging demonstrated elevated cytoplasmic Ca 2+ content and irregular transients in HCM iPSC-CMs prior to the onset of cellular hypertrophy, suggesting the HCM phenotype is triggered by dysfunction in Ca 2+ cycling. Treatment of irregular Ca 2+ homeostasis by the Ca 2+ channel blocker verapamil prevented development of cellular hypertrophy and arrhythmia. Conclusions: We hypothesize the cellular abnormalities observed in HCM iPSC-CMs are caused by deficiencies in Ca 2+ regulation. We anticipate our findings will elucidate the mechanisms underlying HCM development and identify novel targets for treatment of the disease.
Abstract P5-04-17: From transcriptome meta-analysis to targeted therapies in triple negative breast cancer
Authors: E Rozali, F Al-Ejeh
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer that urgently requires the identification and approval of novel targeted therapies. Even for breast cancer subtypes that have approved targeted therapies such as tamoxifen in ER+ and herceptin in HER2+ patients, there are a proportion of patients that do not respond to these therapies or develop resistance and succumb to metastatic recurrence. Thus, there is a clinical need to identify patients who do not benefit from current standard therapies and developing new strategies for therapy for non-responsive patients across all breast cancer subtypes. We hypothesised a potential prognostic and drug discovery approach by meta-analysis of multiple global gene expression profiles of breast cancer studies to identify significantly over- and under-expressed genes that associate with clinical outcomes (metastatic and/or death events within five years). These genes were filtered through 3 methods to annotate their predicted functions (1). The third and most generalised method identified a 133-gene signature set that was prognostic in all subtypes of breast cancer. These signatures, particularly with the devised score calculated as the ratio of the average expression of the over-expressed genes to the under-expressed genes, were patented (2). Of the 133 genes, we selected a 21-gene list representing novel and new targets in breast cancer drug development. The 21 genes were selected through an unbiased ranking of least-published cancer and non-cancer studies in PubMed. This poster reports the characterisation of these 21 genes as drug targets in TNBC. A siRNA screen measuring proliferation and viability (xCELLigence RTCA) was performed (2 siRNAs per gene) on 3 TNBC cell lines (MDAMB231, SUM159PT and BT549) and MCF10A. The top gene hits that show a dependence on cancer proliferation and viability were followed up with clonogenic assays, cell cycle profiles and apoptosis assays. Parallel to these experiments, a negative-selection clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) screen involving the 21 genes (6 constructs per gene) is currently underway on MDAMB231 cell line in vitro and in vivo to identify cancer dependence on these genes for survival and metastasis. References 1. Al-Ejeh, F., Simpson, P.T., Saunus, J.M., Klein, K., Kalimutho, M., Shi, W., Miranda, M., Kutasovic, J., Raghavendra, A., Madore, J., et al. 2014. Meta-analysis of the global gene expression profile of triple-negative breast cancer identifies genes for the prognostication and treatment of aggressive breast cancer. Oncogenesis 3:e124. 2. Al-Ejeh, F. 2015. PCT/AU2015/050096 (SUBMITTED). Citation Format: Rozali E, Al-Ejeh F. From transcriptome meta-analysis to targeted therapies in triple negative breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-04-17.
Current Smoking Habits in 1957
Authors: K. W. Cross, L. A. McDowell, E. Posner
Journal: BMJ (1958)

CHRONIC LYMPHATIC LEUKAEMIA BIJURNAL ciation of leukaemia with other forms of malignant disease is briefly discussed.She has remained free of symptoms and signs of her leukaemia for eight and a half years.In spite of a normal peripheral blood count, marrow aspiration reveals findings consistent with chronic lymphatic leukaemia.This lack of correlation as well as certain features affecting the prognosis in this disease is discussed.We thank Professor J. V. Dacie for advice; and Dr. C. D.Coyle, medical superintendent, Whittington Hospital, for his help in making available to us the early case notes on this patient.
Lack of consensus for usage of β-blockers in end-stage liver disease
Authors: Katrine H Thorhauge, Katrine P Lindvig, Wim Laleman, Paolo Angeli, Shivaram P Singh, Aleksander Krag
Journal: Gut (2016)

Lack of consensus for usage of β-blockers in end-stage liver diseaseThe decision of 'if and when' to stop nonselective β-blockers (NSBB) at certain stages of end-stage cirrhosis has been debated intensively and has generated a number of studies with various outcomes. 1 2Some studies demonstrated deleterious effects, others improved survival. 3 4However, nobody has looked into how these conflicting findings influence doctors and today's clinical practice when prescribing NSBB.Our hypothesis is that this ongoing controversy causes an unstandardised usage of NSBB depending on the individual clinician.To test this, we performed a survey consisting of 131 branched questions regarding the usage of NSBB in advanced cirrhosis.It was structured with potential contraindications or adverse events and the respondents were asked if they considered these as contraindications or not.Furthermore, they were questioned if NSBB should be reinstituted if the condition improved.The survey was subdivided in a section regarding patients not listed for transplantation, patients listed for transplantation, patients with Child-Pugh C cirrhosis and patients suffering from hepatocellular carcinoma.The survey was web-based on the project-redcap.org