tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Schmorl Nodes Can Cause Increased 68Ga DOTATATE Activity on PET/CT, Mimicking Metastasis in Patients With Neuroendocrine Malignancy
Authors: Georgios Z. Papadakis, Corina Millo, Ulas Bagci, Samira M. Sadowski, Constantine A. Stratakis
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

Schmorl node (SN) is the herniation of the nucleus pulposus through the cartilaginous and bony endplate into the adjacent vertebral body. It is documented that SNs produce areas of moderately increased 18F-FDG uptake. We present a case of a patient with history of neuroendocrine tumor, who underwent 68Ga DOTATATE PET/CT for follow-up, showing increased focal vertebral uptake suggestive of bone metastasis. CT revealed typical findings of an SN. The presented case indicates that SNs should be considered when encountering focally increased skeletal uptake in 68Ga DOTATATE PET/CT studies, which can mimic metastasis in patients with history of neuroendocrine tumors.
Kids Talk: implementation of a safe place for the children of caregivers with cancer
Authors: C. Dieterich, S. Morrey, D. S. Dizon, R. Strenger, C. O. Granai, R. Cohen, D. Thompson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

8189 Background: Having a caregiver with cancer can cause significant emotional distress in children with issues related to the threat of death, recurrence, and a stable home life. It has been reported that these experiences may have important repercussions later in life. KidsTalk was designed as a system which allows the kids to meet and share their fears and experiences as they relate to their loved one’s diagnosis with cancer. Methods: Eligible kids were identified by internal referrals and outreach activities. Sessions were lead by a licensed independent clinical social worker (LISW) with supervision from a clinical psychologist. Sessions were structured around group rules decided upon by members participating in that particular session. Objectives for each meeting were defined and activities catalogued. Feedback from the primary caregiver was provided as part of the program. Results: From January to December 2004, 14 children (6 Male 8 Female) participated in the program, representing eight families. In all cases, it was the mother diagnosed with cancer (7 with breast cancer, 1 with sarcoma). Twenty-four sessions have been held, of which the average participation was 12. Reasons given for coming to KidsTalk were: 1) “safe place to talk about mom’s cancer”; 2) “allowed me to be “normal” without worrying about mom’s cancer”; 3) “helped me to express my feelings openly without getting in trouble”; 4) “gave me a chance to learn more about what mom was going through” Parental feedback suggested that KidsTalk successfully promoted open communication about mom’s cancer. Parents also felt this group allowed them to be more expressive about their own disease with their children. Of these 8 families, one has experienced the death of the mother. This brother and sister pair were transitioned from KidsTalk to individual therapy sessions. Discussion: KidsTalk provides an unmet need in Rhode Island for the children of caregivers diagnosed with cancer. Our experience suggests that these kids have issues relating to guilt, fear, and isolation that require attention in a safe and supportive environment. Feedback from both the children and their parents have been uniformly positive. Illustrations of activities will be presented. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Diverse and altered distribution patterns of TLR5 and TLR7 in the distal lung of COPD patients
Authors: Medya Shikhagaie, Michiko Mori, Cecilia Andersson, Anders Bergqvist, Claes Göran Löfdahl, Jonas Erjefält
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Activation of the innate immune system in the distal lung is a hallmark of COPD. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) trigger innate immune responses to pathogens. Although COPD patients are susceptible to infections, the distribution patterns of TLRs at different stages of disease have remained poorly studied. The present study characterizes TLR5 and TLR7 in the distal lung of COPD patients.

Methods: GOLD I (n=6), GOLD II-III (n=13), GOLD IV patients (n=8), and controls (never smokers and smokers) (n=13) were enrolled in this study. Immunohistochemical staining was used to identify TLR5 and TLR7 positive cells.

Results: TLR5 immunoreactivity was identified in sub-epithelial glands, airway smooth muscle, CD68+ macrophages, CD138+ plasma cells, CD208+ type II pneumocytes and the small airway epithelium. In control subjects and mild COPD epithelial TLR5 had a foremost apical distribution. In contrast, in advanced COPD the distribution of epithelial TLR5 shifted into a distinct basolateral expression that was higher in GOLD IV (p=0.002) compared to controls. TLR7 displayed a peri-nuclear expression in the small airway epithelium irrespective of the study group. However, the total epithelial TLR7-immunoreactivity was upregulated in GOLD IV-patients compared to never smokers (p=0.009). TLR7 expression was also detected in S100B+ nerve cells, CD68+ macrophages, B- and T-lymphocytes, and CD56+ NK cells.

Conclusion: Both epithelial TLR5 and TLR7 are upregulated in advanced COPD. Whether the altered expression reflects a natural adaption to the increased pathogen burden in advanced COPD or is part of a dysfunctional immune-regulation in COPD remains to be determined.
Skin recurrences after breast-conserving therapy for early-stage breast cancer.
Authors: I Gage, S J Schnitt, A Recht, A Abner, S Come, L N Shulman, J M Monson, B Silver, J R Harris, J L Connolly
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

To assess the frequency and prognosis of skin recurrences after breast-conserving therapy (BCT) compared with other breast recurrences.From 1968 to 1986, 1,624 patients with unilateral stage I or II breast cancer treated with BCT at the Joint Center for Radiation Therapy (Boston, MA) underwent gross tumor excision and received a dose of > or = 60 Gy to the tumor bed. Skin recurrences (SR) were defined as breast recurrences without associated parenchymal disease. An invasive breast recurrence with any parenchymal disease noted clinically or radiographically was scored as an other breast recurrence (OBR). Median follow-up for survivors was 137 months.SR represented 8% (18 of 229) of all breast recurrences and occurred in 1.1% of all patients. The outcome after local recurrence was different for patients with SR and invasive OBR. Patients with SR more frequently had uncontrolled local failure (50%; 9 of 18) than did patients with OBR (14%; 26 of 188) (P = .0007). Forty-four percent (8 of 18) of patients with SR had distant metastasis simultaneously or within 2 months of the recurrence compared with 5% (9 of 188) of invasive OBR patients (P < .0001). For patients without distant metastasis at the time of recurrence, the 5-year actuarial rate of development of distant metastasis was 60% for SR patients compared with 39% for invasive OBR patients (P = .07), and the corresponding 5-year actuarial survival rates beyond the time of local failure were 51% and 79%, respectively (P = .06).In contrast to other types of invasive breast recurrence after breast-conserving therapy, skin recurrences are rare and are associated with a significantly higher rate of distant metastasis and uncontrolled local disease as well as a lower rate of survival.
Intermittent androgen deprivation therapy (IADT) for patients with non-metastatic prostate cancer: A retrospective review
Authors: R. So-Rosillo, E. J. Small, V. Weinberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

15635 Background: IADT is a therapeutic option frequently utilized in men with progressive non-castrate prostate cancer (PCa) which, compared to continuous ADT, may result in an improvement in quality of life while potentially prolonging time to androgen independence (AI). Methods: The records of 43 consecutive men with non-metastatic progressive non-castrate PCa treated with IADT were analyzed. 21 men had received no prior primary treatment (tx), and 22 had developed recurrent disease after previous local therapy. Therapy for this cohort of patients (pts) consisted of combined androgen blockade for 32 pts and a leutenizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist alone for 11. Pts were allowed to come off androgen deprivation (AD) when (a) PSA became undetectable, (b) after 9 to 12 months (mos) of receiving AD, (c) or per patient request. AD was re-initiated when (a) serum PSA reached 50% or greater of the pre-tx level, (b) at physician discretion, or (c) at patient's request. A tx cycle was defined as the number of months on tx plus the number of months off tx until the reinstitution of AD. Progressive disease and AI were defined by consensus criteria (climbing PSA despite AD). Results: Follow up ranged from 18 to 153 mos (median 68.2 mos) from the start of tx. Pts received from 1 to 10 cycles (median 4), with a median cycle length of 19 mos. The median pre-tx PSA value was 8.9, and the median nadir serum PSA level with ADT was 0.09 and was reached within an average of 6.4 mos (range 2–25) after beginning tx. Pts spent an average of 50.7% of time on hormones and 49.3% off hormones. Eleven pts developed AI progressive disease, with a median time to progression of 47 mos. When examining for potential characteristics that contributed to AI, such as duration of ADT, PSA at start of therapy, nadir PSA, stage, or Gleason score, no consistent patterns of failure emerged. Conclusions: IADT appears to be a viable tx option for men with non-metastatic progressive non-castrate PCa, resulting in prolonged duration of response. However, with a median follow up of nearly 6 years, AI still develops in over a quarter of pts, at a median of 47 months from starting ADT. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Outcomes and toxicities among octogenarians and nonagenarians with colorectal cancer (crc) treated with chemotherapy or concurrent chemoradiation - a single institution study
Authors: J. Yu, N. M. Reddy, A. Rajput, J. Smith, G. Yang, M. Fakih
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

13514 Background: Chemotherapy is associated with an improved overall survival with acceptable toxicities in patients ≥ 70 years. However, little to no data exists regarding feasibility and tolerability of chemotherapy and/or radiation in CRC patients ≥ 80 years. The purpose of this study was to identify the trends of increased toxicity in this subgroup of patients. Methods: A retrospective study on patients ≥ 80 yrs treated for CRC with either chemotherapy alone or chemoradiation during the period of 1996- 2005 at Roswell Park Cancer Institute was conducted. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: 29 patients were identified. 8 patients were diagnosed as having rectal cancer and received combined chemoradiation. 21 patients had colon cancer and received chemotherapy alone either in the adjuvant or metastatic setting. The median age was 82 years (range: 80–93). The median survival for all stages receiving chemo and/or radiation therapy was 37 months (95% CI: 27–53). The median survival for patients with stage IV disease was 6 months (95% CI: 5–33). Grade III/IV GI toxicities were seen in 59% (95% CI: 37–72%) of patients. Grade III/IV hematologic toxicities were seen in 17% (95% CI: 8–37%) of patients. Empiric chemotherapy dose reductions were implemented, starting the first cycle, in 90% (95% CI: 72–96%)of patients. Therapy had to be withheld in 34% (95% CI: 19–52%) of patients by more than 1 week due to toxicities in the first 2 months of treatment. Conclusions: Our study, demonstrates a higher rate of toxicities than previously reported for patients ≥ 70 years. This has occurred despite an initial dose-reduction in the majority of the treated population (90%). Octogenarian and nonagenarian CRC patients experienced a higher rate of GI toxicities during treatment, some of which were life threatening. This data supports the urgent need to conduct prospective studies to identify treatment recommendations for patients ≥ 80. Data from larger elderly phase II studies with median ages &lt; 80 should not be extrapolated to octogenarians and nonagenarians. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A phase II study of biweekly docetaxel and vinorelbine for hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC)
Authors: S. Vázquez Estévez, J. Mel Lorenzo, E. Álvarez Gómez, G. Quintero Aldana
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

14529 Background: Docetaxel is active in HRPC alone, with prednisone, and with estramustine. We evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of its combination with vinorelbine, another active drug in HPRC. Methods: Patients with metastatic HRPC, no praevious chemotherapy, ECOG PS=0–2 and adequate organ function were included. Docetaxel was administered at 40 mg/m 2 and vinorelbine at 20 mg/m 2 days 1 and 14. Cycles were repeated every 28 days until disease progression, occurrence of unacceptable toxicity or voluntary withdrawal. A maximum of 6 cycles was allowed. Results: A total of 25 patients were included, with median age73 years (61–81) and ECOG PS 0–1 in 96% of patients. Median number of metastatic lesion was 1 (84% of patients), located in bone (96%), lymph nodes (12%), pleural effusion (4%) and liver (4%). A total of 128 cycles (median 5, range 2–9) and 243 infusions (median 10, range 4–17) were administered. Median relative dose intensity for both drugs was 91.68%. Toxicity: Grade III/IV hematologic toxicity per patient was neutropenia (48%) and anemia (4%). Febrile neutropenia was observed in 2 patients. Grade III/IV non-hematologic toxicity per patient was asthenia (8%), diarrhea (4%) and constipation (4%). There were no toxic deaths. Efficacy: Of 22 evaluable patients (3 have just begun chemotherapy), 1 achieved CR, 12 PR, 5 SD and 4 progressed (PSA response), resulting in an ORR of 59% (95% CI: 38.5–79.6%). Median TTP were 340 days (95% CI: 274.47–405.53). Median OS has not been achieved. Mean OS was 765.8 days (95% CI: 590.84–940.76). Conclusions: Biweekly docetaxel and vinorelbine is an active and feasible regimen in HRPC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Usefulness of procalcitonin for the decision of antibiotic treatment in ICU patients
Authors: Nathalie Layios, Bernard Lambermont, Didier Ledoux, Philippe Morimont, Paul Massion, Christophe Garweg, Frédéric Frippiat, Monique Nys, Jean-Paul Chapelle, Pierre Damas
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2009)
Active surveillance in low-risk patients with prostate cancer: preliminary analysis of predictive factors associating with deferred treatment
Authors: R. Valdagni, N. Nicolai, T. Rancati, S. Stagni, S. Villa, M. Colecchia, S. Donegani, N. Bedini, L. Catena, G. Procopio, R. Salvioni
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

16047 Background: Active surveillance (AS) protocols aim to detect patients (pts) with indolent disease, whom a radical therapy could be spared to. We report preliminary analysis of factors potentially correlating with the possibility of deferring treatment (DFT). Methods: Since 2005 AS has been proposed to low-risk pts as an alternative to active treatment(s). Entry criteria: informed consent, initial PSA (iPSA) ≤10 ng/ml, clinical stage ≤T2a (1992 TNM), Gleason Pattern Score ≤3+3 (no GP ≥ 4), positive biopsy cores ≤20%, max core length containing cancer ≤ 50%. Follow-up (fu) is scheduled as follows: PSA and DRE every 3 mos, TRUS every 6 mos, re-biopsy every yr for the 1st 2 yrs and every 2 yrs afterwards. Pts drop out the study due to PSA doubling time (DT) ≤ 2 yrs, total PSA > 10 ng/ml, disease upgrading and/or upsizing at re-biopsy, pt's choice. The individual predicted PSA evolution over time is calculated using the Klotz formulae (J Urol 2006). Results: Between 03/2005 and 12/2007, SA was proposed to 192 pts and was accepted by 80 pts (fu: 1–39 mos, median 12 mos). 20/80 pts dropped out the study after 5- 24 mos: 2 pts due to PSADT, 2 to PSA > 10 ng/ml, 6 to upgrading and 8 pts due to disease upsizing; 2 pts entered a watchful waiting program due to worsening of their performance status. 18/20 pts underwent DFT: 10 pts chose EBRT, 2 BRT and 6 radical prostatectomy. To date, no unfavorable outcome has been observed. PSA velocity, iPSA and age did not significantly associate with DFT, while PSADT < 3 yrs showed a trend towards significance (p=0.07) when compared with PSADT ≥3 yrs or negative (DFT in 35.7% vs 21% of pts, respectively). When considering PSA evolution over time using the Klotz formulae, 7/38 pts were classified as at high risk (HR) of progression, 19/38 were at low risk and 12/38 pts were at intermediate risk. 6/7 pts at HR of progression dropped out form SA protocol. Conclusions: AS was accepted by half of eligible pts. Due to the still limited number of pts, we did not detect any significant correlation between DFT and iPSA, PSADT, age or PSA velocity. The use of Klotz formulae seems to be a promising tool to identify pts at HR for disease progression. The study is partly supported by Fondazione Italo Monzino, Milan, Italy No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Adjuvant treatment for early epithelial ovarian cancer: Results of two randomised clinical trials comparing cisplatin to no further treatment or chromic phosphate (32P)
Authors: G Bolis, N Colombo, S Pecorelli, V Torri, S Marsoni, C Bonazzi, S Chiari, G Favalli, G Mangili, M Presti
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1995)
Cytogenetic Studies in 45 Patients With Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: J Whang-Peng, E J Freireich, J J Oppenheim, E Frei, J H Tjio
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1969)

The chromosomes of bone marrow and peripheral blood were studied in 45 unselected patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia. Eighteen had no detectable chromosome abnormality in either leukemic or somatic cells. Five of these had detectable Philadelphia chromosome-positive cells after receiving leukocyte transfusions from chronic myelocytic leukemia donors. Six others, who had no abnormalities of their cells, were studied only in remission. Three patients had congenital cytogenetic abnormalities. Five had a wide range of chromosome distribution associated with intensive chemotherapy. These chromosome abnormalities readily reverted in 2 of these 5 patients with cessation of therapy. Thirteen subjects had cytogenetic abnormalities in their leukemic cells. These consisted of aneuploid cell lines found more frequently during the final 2 months of the patient's life than during the initial 6 weeks of illness. In these individuals, there was no apparent relationship between chromosome abnormalities and therapy. Once these abnormalities appeared, they tended to persist. None of these patients had the same chromosomal abnormalities; therefore, no unique chromosomal abnormalities were found in acute lymphocytic leukemia. These aneuploid cell lines probably represent selected outgrowth of abnormal cells during the disease. In all our patients, including those on intensive chemotherapy, the incidence of minor and major chromosome aberrations was not significant.
<i>Spine Patch</i>
Authors: Carrie A. Butt
Journal: JAMA (2016)

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Survival in patients with multiple myeloma receiving zoledronic acid: Stratification by baseline bone alkaline phosphatase levels
Authors: J. Berenson, N. Shirina, Y. M. Chen, M. Dimopoulos
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

7505 Background: Zoledronic acid is indicated for the treatment of bone metastases in patients with multiple myeloma and has been demonstrated to reduce the risk of skeletal morbidity. However, it is unknown whether there is a survival benefit secondary to the reduction in skeletal complications. To assess the effect of zoledronic acid on survival in patients with multiple myeloma, we conducted a retrospective analysis of a subset of patients in a large, randomized, controlled trial. Methods: Survival data were analyzed for multiple myeloma patients (n = 209) treated with zoledronic acid 4 mg (n = 107) or pamidronate 90 mg (n = 102) who had at least 1 post-baseline safety evaluation and information on baseline bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP) levels (a marker of bone metabolism). Patients were retrospectively stratified by baseline BALP levels according to the following criteria: low BALP (&lt; 146 U/L) and high BALP (≥ 146 U/L). Survival data were analyzed over 25 months on study. Results: The overall survival rate at 25 months was significantly higher in patients treated with zoledronic acid compared with pamidronate (76% versus 63%; P = .038, Cox regression). Among patients who had a low baseline BALP level, the survival rates were similar for both treatment groups. However, among patients with a high baseline BALP level, zoledronic acid treatment significantly improved survival at study end compared with pamidronate (82% versus 55%; P = .048, log-rank test). Conclusions: This exploratory analysis suggests that zoledronic acid treatment may improve survival compared with pamidronate, and this effect was observed primarily in patients who had a high baseline BALP level, indicating more aggressive osteolytic disease. [Table: see text]
Randomized phase 1 study of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase δ inhibitor idelalisib in patients with allergic rhinitis
Authors: Friedrich Horak, Kamal D. Puri, Bart H. Steiner, Leanne Holes, Guan Xing, Petra Zieglmayer, René Zieglmayer, Patrick Lemell, Albert Yu
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)