tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Milan PM10 induces the release of microparticles by human mononuclear cells
Authors: Tommaso Neri, Eleonora Marta Longhin, Silvia Petrini, Maurizio Gualtieri, Stefania Lombardi, Yuri Carmazzi, Balia Cristina, Valentina Scalise, Marina Camatini, Roberto Pedrinelli, Pierluigi Paggiaro, Alessandro Celi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background:  Cell derived microparticles (MP, 0.05-1μm) are released through exocytic budding of plasma membrane following cell stimulation. MP are involved in blood coagulation and inflammation. Chemical and physical cell activation and apoptosis can lead to MP formation; however, the mechanisms that lead to MP formation are not completely elucidated. Particulate matter (PM) is a mixture of solid and liquid particles suspended in the air, originated from a variety of sources. Their chemical and physical compositions depend on location, season and weather. Exposure to PM10 has been associated with increased cardiopulmonary morbidity and mortality.  The observation that PM10 induces cytosolic calcium mobilization, a well known mechanism of MP formation, is consistent with the hypothesis that PM induces the generation of MP.   Aim:  To investigate whether PM10 induces the generation of procoagulant MP by human mononuclear cells (HMC).   Methods:  The generation of MP by HMC was investigated through a cytofluorimetric analysis. HMC derived MP were discriminated first by size, as events conforming to a light scatter distribution within the 0.5-0.9 μm bead range in a SSC vs. FSC window and further identified as CD14 and annexin V positive events after incubation with fluorescein isothyocianate (FITC)-annexin V and allophycocyanin (APC)-anti CD14 Ab, in a APC vs. FITC window.   Results:  Milan PM10 (10μg/cm² for 1h) induces the generation of procoagulant MP by HMC (baseline=182.7±36.19 vs PM10=4278±2372, events CD14+/annexinV+; mean±SEM).   Conclusions:  PM10-mediated generation of procoagulant MP might contribute to understand the possible correlation between PM exposure and cardiopulmonary diseases.
Correction--malignant glioma.
Authors: J O Atiba, F L Meyskens
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1997)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1997.15.3.1286 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 9060576 Correction--malignant glioma. J O AtibaxJ O AtibaSearch for articles by this author , F L Meyskens JrxF L Meyskens JrSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1997.15.3.1286 PDF "Correction--malignant glioma.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 15(3), pp. 1286–1287© 1997 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
A phase II study of preoperative chemotherapy with S-1 (S) and cisplatin (P) followed by D3 gastrectomy for gastric cancer (GC) with extensive lymph node metastasis (ELM): Survival results of JCOG0405.
Authors: T. Yoshikawa, K. Nakamura, A. Tsuburaya, T. Sano, J. Mizusawa, H. Katai, A. Kurita, I. Uyama, E. Nomura, M. Sasako
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

70 Background: GC with ELM, especially in case of M1(LYM), is regarded unresectable in many countries, while challenge is ongoing in Japan to treat them by intensive chemotherapy followed by super extended surgery. In our previous phase II study (JCOG0001) for the same population, iritotecan plus P (IP) chemotherapy followed by surgery showed remarkable survival of 27.0% at 3 years but its toxicity led to rather high treatment related death (TRD). Development of safer and more effective treatment is urged. Methods: Eligibility criteria included histologically proven gastric adenocarcinoma; bulky nodal involvement around major branched arteries to the stomach and/or para-aortic nodal metastases; cM0 (except para-aortic nodes); negative lavage cytology; not linitis plastica type; PS of 0 or 1. Patients (pts) received two or three 28- day cycles of induction chemotherapy of S (80 mg/m 2 from day 1 to 21) and P (60 mg/m 2 on day 8), and then underwent D3 gastrectomy. Primary endpoint was R0 resection and key secondary endpoint was 3-year survival. Other secondary endpoints included response rate and adverse events. Results: Between 02/2005 and 06/2007, 53 pts were enrolled and 2 pts were ineligible. Only surrogate endpoints of efficacy and feasibility were reported in ASCO-GI 2008, which included clinical response of 64.7%, R0 of 82.4%, pathological response of 51.0%, and no TRD with low toxicities. The 3-year overall survival, which we first clarified in this report, was 58.8% (95% CI, 44.1-70.9%). Conclusions: Preoperative SP followed by D3 gastrectomy demonstrated excellent 3-year survival with low mortality compared with preoperative IP, which was far better result than expected against this unresectable population. This multimodal treatment is highly promising for GC with ELM. [Table: see text]
Prostatectomy at high- versus low-volume centers: A decision analysis.
Authors: Afsaneh Barzi, Eric A. Klein, Tanya B. Dorff, David I. Quinn, Sarmad Sadeghi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

175 Background: Greater experience improves the oncological outcomes of radical prostatectomy (RP) for prostate cancer; however, it is not clear whether referring patients to a high volume center (HVC) for RP is cost effective. This study aims to investigate this question. Methods: We assumed status quo wherein 50% of RPs occur at an HVC and the other 50% occur in less experienced hands (scenario one or “referent scenario”). We then modeled increasing the share of RPs at an HVC by 10% increments (scenarios two, three, and four). Assuming that a lower probability of prostate-specific antigen recurrence (PSAR) is the only advantage of more experienced surgeons, the savings that would result from fewer recurrences, avoidance of salvage radiation therapy (SRT) and management of fewer men with metastatic cancer were calculated. A breakeven analysis using incremental referral costs and a cost effectiveness analysis (CEA), adding the incremental effectiveness measured in years in the no evidence disease (NED) state and the expected difference in overall survival (OS), were performed to determine the breakeven point and the range of the maximum referral costs to an HVC. Results: At five years 8.2% of patients will experience PSAR in the referent scenario versus 6.9% in scenario four. More patients would have PSAR in a low-volume center (LVC) setting after RP. Assuming 37% of these patients would receive SRT and those who will develop metastatic disease will receive treatment, this incremental cost discounted at 3% is $265, $456, and $609 per RP for scenario four at 5, 10, and 15 years, respectively. These figures will be $177, $309, and $415 and $86, $152, and $205 at 5, 10, and 15 years for scenarios three and two, repectively. Breakeven analysis shows that over 15 years, savings from referring patients to an HVC would offset up to $2,000 per RP in initial referral costs. This figure remains stable for scenarios two, three, and four. CEA shows that the range for maximum costs of referral assuming a willingness to pay of $50,000 per year are $4,300 to $23,700 at 15 years of follow up. Lower PSAR rates for LVCs, or using the lower SRT or treatment of metastasis costs result in smaller values for breakeven referral costs. Conclusions: Performing RPs at an HVC is associated with significant savings that offset the initial referral costs and may be cost effective beyond the breakeven point.
Influence of social adaptation of tuberculosis patients on the TB form and a chemotherapy outcomes
Authors: Mikhail Chernov, Sergey Strerlikov, Elena Bogorodskaya
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

The problem of chemotherapy (CT) efficiency in pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients is one of the most burning one at the organization of TB aid.

Aims and objectives. Connection between social adaptation and stages of PTB (presence of SS+ (sputum smear positive) and cavitary lesions) have been studied. The CT efficiency in the patients with SS- (sputum smear negative) and without lung cavity decay, and in the patients with SS+ and lung cavitary lesions, receiving CT regimen 1 have been assessed.

Methods. Data of 2663 newly detected PTB patients, registered in 2008, from 8 regions of the Russian Federation have been studied. Patients with less severe TB forms (SS- and without lung cavity decay) were selected in the group 1 (467 persons), and the patients with extended TB forms (SS+, cavitary lesions) - in the group 2 (255 persons).

Results. In group 1, there were 41,1 %, [95% CI 36.6-45.6] of socially-adapted patients (SAP) (workers, employees, students) and 40.5 %, [95%CI 36.0-44.9] of socially-vulnerable patients (SVP) (jobless). In group 2, there were 24,3 % [95%CI 19.0-29.5] SAP and 53.3 % [95%CI 47.1-59.4] SVP. CT efficiency in group 1 was 92,7 % [95%C I 90.3-95.1], in group 2 - 69 % [95%CI 63.3-74.7]. In group 2, CT efficiency in SVP was 58,2 % [95%CI 49.9-66.4], and in SAP -78.7 % [95%CI 68.4-89.0], p<0,05.

Conclusions. In SAP, detection of TB with SS- and without lung cavity decay and effective treatment are more frequent, than in SVP. Therefore TB patient social support measures should be brought into all TB programs.
Induction chemoradiotherapy and surgical resection for non-small cell lung carcinomas of the superior sulcus (pancoast tumors): Mature results of National Cancer Institute (INCa)-Brazil
Authors: C. Amaral, I. Small, D. B. Olmedo, A. Sousa, E. Toscano, P. Sousa, H. Pelluso, C. G. Ferreira, A. Sales, M. Zukin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

17124 Background: The established treatment for T3 Pancoast tumors, radiation plus surgery, leads to a 50% R0 resection rate and a 30% 5 year survivals. T4 tumors are usually unresectable and incurable. Our group retrospectively analyzed the feasibility and efficacy of induction chemoradiotherapy plus surgery for T3 and T4 tumors. Methods: Eligible patients (pts) had biopsy proven, untreated, T3–4N0–1 Pancoast tumors. Induction therapy was cisplatin (50 mg/m 2 , days 1,8,29,36) and etoposide (50 mg/m 2 , days 1–5, 29–33) (PE) given concurrently with radiation (45 Gy, 25 daily fractions). Thoracotomy was done within 5 weeks of induction therapy for stable or responding disease. All pts were to receive postoperative chemotherapy (PE ×2). Median follow up was 19 months. Results: From 4/01–6/05, 13 eligible pts were enrolled: 6 men, 7 women, median age 53 years; 9 T3, 4 T4. All pts (100%) completed induction therapy. Grade 3–4 toxicities were neutropenia (n = 2), anemia (n = 1), fatigue (n = 1), esophagitis (n = 5). All pts had thoracotomy, 13 had R0 resection. Pathologic CR was found in 3 (23.1%), minimal microscopic disease in 1 (7.7%). Postoperative chemotherapy completed by only 1/13 pts. Median survival was not reached and Median Disease free (DFS) and 2 year overall survivals (OS) were 26 months (CI 95% 13.6–38.4) 67% for all pts, respectively. Relapse sites were brain only (n = 3) and local only (n = 1). Conclusion: This combined modality therapy was well tolerated and leads to high rates of complete resection, OS and local control that are strikingly better than with radiation and surgery. These results obtained in a population with T3 and T4 tumors reproduced those of the SWOG study in terms of resectability, safety and short-term survival Of note is the poor adherence to postoperative chemotherapy in this population. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 309: In vivo Regeneration of Small-Diameter Arteries Using a Novel Tissue-Engineered Biodegradable Vascular Graft without ex vivo Cell Seeding
Authors: Takenori Yokota, Hajime Ichikawa, Gorou Matsumiya, Kei Torikai, Katsukiyo Kitabayasi, Kouichirou Hirakawa, Yoshiki Sawa
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Background: In the area of vascular surgery, vascular prostheses made from ePTFE or Dacron are clinically used for the reconstruction of large-diameter arteries. However, these synthetic materials are not suitable in the case of small-diameter arteries (
Rape in a Learning-Disabled Woman
Authors: Mary Cole
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2001)

Jean O'Hara and Hemmie Martin report a multi-agency approach to a learning-disabled woman who had been raped (May 2001 JRSM, pp. 245-6). I noted that the case did not go to court. I wonder if the prosecution could have gone ahead under the 1956 Sexual Offences Act? This states it is an offence for a man to have sexual intercourse with a woman who is defective. The term defective is now obsolete, but has the same definition as severe mental impairment under the 1983 Mental Health Act, without the need to show abnormally aggressive or seriously irresponsible conduct. In this case there seems to have been ample forensic evidence that sexual intercourse had occurred and DNA evidence to back up the client's testimony naming the man concerned. There is an assumption within this Act that the woman concerned cannot competently consent, which makes the intercourse consequently unlawful.
Prognostic significance of epithelitis by concurrent cetuximab and radiotherapy (RT) for locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients (Pts).
Authors: J. J. Grau, A. Tagliapietra, E. Verger, M. Caballero, C. Muñoz, L. Alos
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

5594
Nècropsy: A Guide for Students of Anatomic Pathology
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The influence of radiotherapy technique and dose on the patterns of failure for mesothelioma patients following extrapleural pneumonectomy
Authors: A. M. Allen, R. Den, J. S. Wong, P. A. Janne, D. Zurakowski, R. Soto, R. Bueno, D. J. Sugarbaker, E. H. Baldini
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

7094 Background: Extrapleural pneumonectomy (EPP) is an effective treatment of pleural mesothelioma(MPM). We present a comparison of moderate-dose hemithoracic radiation (MDRT) to high-dose hemithoracic radiation (HDRT) following EPP for MPM. Methods: From 7/94 to 4/04, 39 pts underwent EPP and adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) at DFCI/BWH. From 1994–2002, MDRT, 30Gy to the hemithorax with boosts to the mediastinum or chest wall to 40–54 Gy was given, generally with concurrent chemotherapy (CT). Beginning in 2003, HDRT to 54 Gy as published by Yajnik et al (IJROBP 03’) was given with sequential CT. Results: Thirty-nine pts received RT following EPP. Median age was 59 yrs (range 44–77). Histology was epithelial in 25 (64%) pts and mixed/sarcomatoid in 14 (46%) pts. Twenty-four pts were treated with MDRT. 19 pts received concurrent platinum-based CT with MDRT. Three received cyclophosphomide, adriamycin and cisplatin (CDDP) CT prior to radiotherapy and 2 did not receive CT. 14 pts (39%) were treated with HDRT. 10/14 received sequential CDDP/gemcitabine, 4 received CDDP/pemetrexed and 1 patient received intraoperative CDDP. The median follow-up was 20 mos (range, 6–73 mos). Overall survival (OS) was 19 mos (95% CI, 14–24 mos). The median times to distant failure (DF) and local recurrence (LR) were 20 mos (95% CI, 14–26 mos) and 26 mos (95% CI, 16–36 mos), respectively. No significant differences in outcome between the two radiotherapy regimens were seen. One patient died of radiation-induced liver disease, one of pneumonitis and one of an MI. Four pts who received HDRT are alive and NED. On univariate and multivariate analysis mixed histology was predictive of DF and OS (p &lt; .006; p &lt; .004). Neither RT technique nor type of CT were predictive of LF, DF, or OS. The patterns of failure are in the table below. Conclusions: HDRT appears to limit in field local failures as compared to MDRT. Distant failure remains a significant challenge, with half of the patients experiencing distant failure. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Identification of occult prostate malignancy using a stereotactic transperineal prostate biopsy technique
Authors: B. J. Moran, M. H. Braccioforte
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

15520 Background: This study investigates the detection rate of non-palpable, isoechoic occult prostate malignancy using a stereotactic transperineal prostate biopsy (STPB) technique in patients with previously negative transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy. Methods: 327 consecutive patients with continued rising total prostate specific antigen (PSA) with a minimum of 1 prior benign transrectal prostate biopsy (range 1–8), underwent STPB at a single out-patient institution between 05/2004 and 11/2006. Median patient age, total PSA and prostate volume and number of specimens obtained were 62 years, 8.3 ng/ml, 46.1 cm 3 and 40 specimens, respectively. Similar to a prostate brachytherapy procedure, the prostate was positioned on the implant grid. Specimens were obtained according to x, y, and z coordinates from eight equal octants with pathology reported accordingly. A greater number of specimens were obtained from the apical half than the basilar half of the prostate; this was attributed to smaller glands in which the apical specimens sufficiently sampled the anterior curvature of the gland. Results: STPB yielded adenocarcinoma in 125/327 (38%) patients. The number of biopsy cores obtained per patient approximated the prostate gland volume in cm 3 . Multivariate analysis (paired samples t-tests) demonstrated there was a significant difference in detection rates with the apex having a higher incidence of malignancy than the base of the prostate gland (p=.000). Furthermore, the anterior apex harbored significantly more adenocarcinoma when compared to the posterior apex (p=.026) ( Table 1 ). Conclusions: STPB is efficacious for diagnosis of non-palpable, isoechoic occult prostate malignancy. A possible explanation for the significant finding in this study that occult malignancies occupy a higher percentage of apical biopsies using STPB may be related to difficulty and limitations of apical sampling using a standard transrectal biopsy approach. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Isotope Dilution Determinations and Other Studies of Cytidine Diphosphate Choline, Cytidine Diphosphate Ethanolamine, Deoxycytidine Diphosphate Choline, and Deoxycytidine Diphosphate Ethanolamine in Liver and Liver Tumors
Authors: W C Schneider
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1971)
Epstein-Barr Virus and Herpesvirus saimiri: Sensitivity to Interferons and Interferon Inducers2
Authors: Edward Lvovsky, Paul H. Levine, David Fuccillo, Dharam V. Ablashi, Zakir H. Bengali, Gary R. Armstrong, Hilton B. Levy
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

The in vitro sensitivity of oncogenic herpesviruses, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and Herpesvirus saimiri (HVS) to human interferon produced by normal human leukocytes (Le), lymphoblastoid cell lines (LYI), and diploid fibroblasts (Fi) was studied. Four virus strains were used: HVS S295C, the highly oncogenic HVS S396-O, the transforming B95-8 strain of EBV, and the nontransforming P3HR1 strain of EBV. All interferons were active when applied to the cells after absorption of HVS and P3HR1-EBV, although different amounts were required to achieve 50% inhibition of HVS-induced cytopathic effect or EBV-induced early antigen (EA) expression. Transformation of human umbilical cord blood lymphocytes (HCBL) by the B95-8 strain of EBV was prevented only by Le and LYI. In these experiments, the most effective inhibitor of the oncogenic herpesviruses was Le, and the least effective was Fi. The effect of polynucleotides poly(I).poly(C) and the complex of poly(I).poly(C) with poly-L-lysine and carboxymethylcellulose on HVS and EBV was also studied. Their inhibitory action was proportionate to the ability of herpesvirus-infected cells to produce interferon. Thus owl monkey kidney cells, which produce relatively high levels of interferon, required nanogram quantities of polynucleotides to become resistant to HVS. Transformation of HCBL by B95-8-EBV was also prevented by poly(I).poly(C). In Raji cells superinfected with P3HR1-EBV, polynucleotides failed to stimulate interferon, and higher EBV-induced EA expression was observed. The percentage of P3HR1 and Raji cells spontaneously expressing EBV-associated antigens remained unchanged after exposure to either interferon or polynucleotides.
Correlation of chromosome abnormalities with patient characteristics, histologic subtype, and induction success in children with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia.
Authors: W G Woods, M E Nesbit, J Buckley, B C Lampkin, S McCreadie, T H Kim, S Piomelli, J H Kersey, S Feig, I Bernstein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1985)

Cytogenetic analyses of bone marrow cells were performed in 195 children with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) at diagnosis, as part of Childrens Cancer Study Group Study No. 251. Ninety-six patients (49%) exhibited clonal abnormalities, including trisomy 8 in 18 patients, t(8;21) in 11, t(15;17) in seven, loss of a sex chromosome in seven, monosomy 7 in seven, and the Philadelphia chromosome in four. Clonal abnormalities were found significantly more often in younger patients. Furthermore, recurring cytogenetic abnormalities tended to correlate with specific ages. For example, t(8;21) was associated significantly with children over four years of age, while -7 associated with overall loss of genetic material from the long arm of chromosome 7 (7q) and 11q- were associated significantly with younger children. Recurring chromosome abnormalities also correlated with specific ANLL histologic subtypes, such as t(8;21) with acute myelogenous leukemia and t(15;17) with acute promyelocytic leukemia. Presence or absence of cytogenetic abnormalities was compared with the ability of patients to achieve remission. Individuals exhibiting clonal abnormalities in bone marrow cells had an equally likely chance of achieving remission (74%) as those individuals with normal karyotypes (75%). Nonrandom chromosome abnormalities associated with a high induction success rate included +8 with a 94% induction success rate (P = .13) and t(8;21) with a 91% success rate (P = .46). Patients exhibiting the -7 abnormality associated with overall loss of 7q had a significantly less successful induction outcome, with only 28% achieving remission (P = .02); three of seven patients with t(15;17) died during induction therapy.
Reply to the letter to the editor ‘Plasma vemurafenib concentrations in advanced BRAFV600mut melanoma patients: impact on tumor response and tolerance’ by Funck-Brentano et al.
Authors: E. Funck-Brentano, J.C. Alvarez, C. Longvert, E. Abe, A. Beauchet, P. Saiag, C. Funck-Brentano
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)