tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Lithium chloride antileukemic activity in acute promyelocytic leukemia is GSK-3 and MEK/ERK dependent
Authors: F Zassadowski, K Pokorna, N Ferre, F Guidez, L Llopis, O Chourbagi, M Chopin, J Poupon, P Fenaux, R Ann Padua, M Pla, C Chomienne, B Cassinat
Journal: Leukemia (2015)
Comparison of MR/Ultrasound Fusion–Guided Biopsy With Ultrasound-Guided Biopsy for the Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer
Authors: M. Minhaj Siddiqui, Soroush Rais-Bahrami, Baris Turkbey, Arvin K. George, Jason Rothwax, Nabeel Shakir, Chinonyerem Okoro, Dima Raskolnikov, Howard L. Parnes, W. Marston Linehan, Maria J. Merino, Richard M. Simon, Peter L. Choyke, Bradford J. Wood, Peter A. Pinto
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Targeted magnetic resonance (MR)/ultrasound fusion prostate biopsy has been shown to detect prostate cancer. The implications of targeted biopsy alone vs standard extended-sextant biopsy or the 2 modalities combined are not well understood.To assess targeted vs standard biopsy and the 2 approaches combined for the diagnosis of intermediate- to high-risk prostate cancer.Prospective cohort study of 1003 men undergoing both targeted and standard biopsy concurrently from 2007 through 2014 at the National Cancer Institute in the United States. Patients were referred for elevated level of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) or abnormal digital rectal examination results, often with prior negative biopsy results. Risk categorization was compared among targeted and standard biopsy and, when available, whole-gland pathology after prostatectomy as the "gold standard."Patients underwent multiparametric prostate magnetic resonance imaging to identify regions of prostate cancer suspicion followed by targeted MR/ultrasound fusion biopsy and concurrent standard biopsy.The primary objective was to compare targeted and standard biopsy approaches for detection of high-risk prostate cancer (Gleason score ≥ 4 + 3); secondary end points focused on detection of low-risk prostate cancer (Gleason score 3 + 3 or low-volume 3 + 4) and the biopsy ability to predict whole-gland pathology at prostatectomy.Targeted MR/ultrasound fusion biopsy diagnosed 461 prostate cancer cases, and standard biopsy diagnosed 469 cases. There was exact agreement between targeted and standard biopsy in 690 men (69%) undergoing biopsy. Targeted biopsy diagnosed 30% more high-risk cancers vs standard biopsy (173 vs 122 cases, P < .001) and 17% fewer low-risk cancers (213 vs 258 cases, P < .001). When standard biopsy cores were combined with the targeted approach, an additional 103 cases (22%) of mostly low-risk prostate cancer were diagnosed (83% low risk, 12% intermediate risk, and 5% high risk). The predictive ability of targeted biopsy for differentiating low-risk from intermediate- and high-risk disease in 170 men with whole-gland pathology after prostatectomy was greater than that of standard biopsy or the 2 approaches combined (area under the curve, 0.73, 0.59, and 0.67, respectively; P < .05 for all comparisons).Among men undergoing biopsy for suspected prostate cancer, targeted MR/ultrasound fusion biopsy, compared with standard extended-sextant ultrasound-guided biopsy, was associated with increased detection of high-risk prostate cancer and decreased detection of low-risk prostate cancer. Future studies will be needed to assess the ultimate clinical implications of targeted biopsy.clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00102544.
Interaction between preprandial and postprandial rectal sensory and motor abnormalities in IBS
Authors: Hans Törnblom, Lukas Van Oudenhove, Jan Tack, Magnus Simrén
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Background and aims</h3> Rectal sensory and motor interactions in patients with IBS have not been studied in detail. The aim of this study was to evaluate fasting and postprandial rectal sensorimotor characteristics and their interactions in IBS compared with healthy controls. <h3>Design</h3> We included 274 patients with IBS and 34 controls. All subjects underwent a rectal barostat study before and 60 min after a standardised liquid meal (800 kcal; 60% fat). Sensory thresholds, intensity of sensations, viscerosomatic referral and compliance were measured. During 15 min before the first distension sequence and until 50 min after meal intake, rectal balloon volumes were registered in 5 min intervals at operating pressure to quantify rectal tone. Mixed models were used to analyse the rectal tone response over time. <h3>Results</h3> Rectal sensory thresholds and compliance were decreased and viscerosomatic referral areas increased in patients with IBS compared with controls. Meal intake increased rectal sensitivity, compliance and referral areas in patients and controls and the same proportions of patients were hypersensitive to distension before and after meal intake. There was a higher basal rectal tone in IBS and a significantly different rectal tone response after meal intake in patients with IBS compared with controls and, interestingly, also in IBS with rectal hypersensitivity (defined in the preprandial state), compared with normosensitive patients. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Meal intake affects rectal sensorimotor function in IBS and health. Importantly, the rectal tone responses to a high-caloric meal are different between patients with IBS and controls, as well as between hypersensitive and normosensitive patients with IBS.
Evolutionary relatedness of some primate models of Plasmodium.
Authors: A P Waters, D G Higgins, T F McCutchan
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1993)

Primate--and, specifically, monkey--malaria infections are commonly used for understanding the pathology of and immune response to the human disease because they are thought to resemble most closely the host-parasite relationship found in humans. Plasmodium cynomolgi is used extensively as a model for the human parasite, P. vivax, and P. knowlesi is used primarily as a model for the development of erythrocytic-stage vaccines. Both of these simian parasites can naturally infect man, resulting in mildly symptomatic episodes of the disease. The phylogenetic relationship between these two simian parasites and previously characterized Plasmodium species, including P. vivax, was examined by comparison of the asexually expressed small-subunit ribosomal RNA genes. Our analysis confirmed that P. vivax is most closely related to P. cynomolgi and that it remains an appropriate model of the human pathogen. Furthermore, with P. knowlesi and P. fragile, these two species form a group of closely related species, distant from other Plasmodium species. What is considered to be the most ancient of the human malaria pathogens, P. malariae, was also included in the analysis and does not group at all with other simian or human parasites.
Effects of bradykinin on coronary blood flow and vasomotion in transplant patients
Authors: Eduardo Aptecar, Emmanuel Teiger, Patrick Dupouy, Christophe Benvenuti, Morton J Kern, Javier Woscoboinik, Said Sediame, Jean Marc Pernes, Alain Castaigne, Daniel Loisance, Jean-Luc Dubois-Randé
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2000)
The Role of Psychiatric Disorders in Predicting Drug Dependence Treatment Outcomes
Authors: Wilson M. Compton III, Linda B. Cottler, Jacqueline L. Jacobs, Arbi Ben-Abdallah, Edward L. Spitznagel
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2003)

OBJECTIVE: Previous research has demonstrated that psychiatric disorders are common among people who abuse alcohol and drugs, but few studies have examined the relationship of psychiatric disorders to drug treatment outcome. The authors conducted such an examination. METHOD: They successfully reinterviewed 401 drug-dependent subjects (94% of the baseline in-treatment sample) and determined their drug abuse status at follow-up 12 months later. RESULTS: Analyses indicated that several baseline psychiatric disorders predicted worse outcomes at follow-up. Major depression predicted using a larger number of substances and having more drug dependence diagnoses and symptoms. Alcohol dependence predicted more dependence diagnoses, antisocial personality disorder predicted using a larger number of substances, and generalized anxiety disorder predicted having more dependence diagnoses. Outcomes among men were more closely associated with psychiatric status than outcomes among women, except for phobias, which predicted a better outcome among women. CONCLUSIONS: These results are unique in their assessment of individuals dependent on illicit substances. Overall, the authors found that women with phobias had better outcomes and that men with psychiatric disorders in general, men with major depression, and men with antisocial personality disorder had worse outcomes.
<i>ADAM33</i> Is Not Associated with Asthma in Puerto Rican or Mexican Populations
Authors: Denise L. Lind, Shweta Choudhry, Ngim Ung, Elad Ziv, Pedro C. Avila, Keyan Salari, Connie Ha, Elizabeth G. Lovins, Natasha E. Coyle, Sylvette Nazario, Jesus Casal, Alfonso Torres, Jose R. Rodriguez-Santana, Henry Matallana, Craig M. Lilly, Jorge Salas, Moises Selman, Homer A. Boushey, Scott T. Weiss, Rocio Chapela, Jean G. Ford, William Rodriguez-Cintron, Edwin K. Silverman, Dean Sheppard, Pui-Yan Kwok, Esteban González Burchard
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2003)

A recent study identified the ADAM33 gene as a promising candidate contributing to asthma. In Puerto Rican and Mexican populations, we have genotyped six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that were used in the Genetics of Asthma in Latino Americans Study. We chose to study these two populations because in the United States, Puerto Ricans have the highest asthma prevalence, morbidity, and mortality and Mexicans the lowest. We used the transmission disequilibrium test to analyze associations between the ADAM33 gene variants and asthma, asthma severity, bronchodilator responsiveness, and total IgE levels using single SNPs, two to six SNP combinations, and specific haplotypes in 583 trios (proband with asthma and both biological parents). We also genotyped matched control samples to allow case–control analyses. None of the transmission disequilibrium test or case–control results showed significant association in either population. We found no evidence for association of single SNPs with asthma severity, bronchodilator response, or IgE levels in Mexicans or in the combined population. Two SNPs showed a modest association in Puerto Ricans, insignificant when the number of comparisons was taken into account. We conclude that the ADAM33 gene is not an important risk factor for asthma or for asthma-associated phenotypes in Mexicans or in Puerto Ricans.
Regulation of Fc fragment-induced murine spleen cell proliferation.
Authors: E L Morgan, W O Weigle
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1980)

Murine splenic lymphocytes proliferate in response to supernatant material derived from Fc fragment-pulsed splenic adherent cells. The stimulatory supernatant results from the interaction of Fc fragments with adherent cells or adherent cell supernate. Isolation of the stimulatory material in the supernate by Sephadex chromatography revealed that the mitogenic component was a cleavage product of Fc with a mol wt of approximately 14,000. The spleen cell type responsible for the generation of mitogenic Fc subfragments appears to be a macrophage. Unstimulated macrophages release an active supernate without being exposed to Fc fragments. The supernate of unstimulated macrophages apparently contain an enzyme which is capable of cleaving Fc fragments into the 14,000-mol wt mitogenic molecules. The spleen cell population induced to proliferate in response to the adherent cell supernate is present in T-cell depleted and Sephadex G-10 filtered cell preparations. Depletion of cells bearing immunoglobulin on their surfaces results in a reduced proliferative response to the mitogenic supernatant material indicating that it is probably a B cell.
On the persistence of positive patch test reactions to balsam of Peru, turpentine and nickel
Authors: J.C.A. teLINTUM, J.P. NATER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1973)

Journal Article On the persistence of positive patch test reactions to balsam of Peru, turpentine and nickel Get access J.C.A. TeLINTUM, J.C.A. TeLINTUM Department of Dermatology; State University, Groningen, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.P. NATER J.P. NATER Department of Dermatology; State University, Groningen, The Netherlands Requests for reprints: J.P. Nater, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Oostersingel 59, Groningen, The Netherlands. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 89, Issue 6, 1 December 1973, Pages 629–634, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1973.tb07590.x Published: 01 December 1973 Article history Accepted: 04 May 1973 Published: 01 December 1973
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION IN ENVIRONMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY
Authors: L. G. Costa
Journal: The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology (1998)

Signal transduction is the process by which specific information is transferred from the cell surface to the cytosol and ultimately to the nucleus, leading to changes in gene expression. Since these chains of biochemical and molecular steps control the normal function of each cell, disruption of these processes would have a significant impact on cell physiology. Some of the major signal transduction pathways are briefly reviewed. The interactions of four chemicals (lead, ethanol, polychlorinated biphenyls, and trimethyltin) with different cell signaling systems, particularly the phospholipid hydrolysis/protein kinase C pathway, are discussed. The possible causal relationship of such cellular and molecular interactions with known signs and symptoms of neurotoxicity are highlighted.
Activating Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ Mutant Promotes Tumor Growth <i>In vivo</i> by Enhancing Angiogenesis
Authors: Lifeng Tian, Jie Zhou, Mathew C. Casimiro, Bing Liang, John O. Ojeifo, Min Wang, Terry Hyslop, Chenguang Wang, Richard G. Pestell
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is expressed in a variety of cancer cells. The addition of ligand activates the receptor by inducing a conformational change in the receptor, which can be recapitulated by mutation. To investigate the role of activated PPARγ signaling in breast cancer, we compared the function of a constitutively active PPARγ (PγCA) mutant with the wild-type PPARγ in ErbB2-induced mammary tumorigenesis in vivo. Tumor cells transduced with either PPARγ or PγCA were implanted into immunocompetent FVB mice. Enhanced tumor growth was observed in PγCA-transduced cells, which was associated with increased angiogenesis and endothelial stem cells as evidenced by increased number of cells stained with von Willebrand factor, c-Kit, CD133, and CD31. Genome-wide expression profiling identified a group of genes within the angiogenesis pathway, including Angptl4, as targets of activated PPARγ; PγCA also induced Angptl4 protein secretion in ErbB2-transformed mammary epithelial cells. Angptl4 promoted vascular endothelial cell migration; conversely, immunodepletion of Angptl4 reduced PγCA-mediated cellular migration. Collectively, these studies suggest that activated PPARγ induces Angptl4 to promote tumor growth through enhanced angiogenesis in vivo. [Cancer Res 2009;69(24):9236–44]
Emotion Deficits in People with Schizophrenia
Authors: Ann M. Kring, Ori Elis
Journal: Annual Review of Clinical Psychology (2012)

Translational research on emotion in schizophrenia has revealed deficits in emotion perception and expression, as well as intact areas, including emotional experience and brain activation in the presence of emotionally evocative material. Yet, a closer look at emotional experience reveals that all is not well in the experience domain. People with schizophrenia have difficulty anticipating emotional events and maintaining or savoring their emotional experiences, as evidenced in behavioral, psychophysiological, and brain imaging studies. Furthermore, people with schizophrenia have difficulty integrating emotion perception with context and reporting on feelings that are differently valenced than presented emotional stimuli. Differences in brain activation are typically observed in areas tightly coupled with cognitive control, such as the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and thus the latest research on emotion in schizophrenia explicitly integrates emotion and cognition. Translational research holds promise to identify when in the course of the disorder emotion deficits emerge and to develop more effective interventions for schizophrenia.
Comparative study of glass and antimony electrodes for continuous oesophageal pH monitoring.
Authors: Y Vandenplas, R Helven, H Goyvaerts
Journal: Gut (1991)

Oesophageal pH monitoring data are influenced by numerous patient or technique related factors, or both. In this study, data recorded with glass microelectrodes or antimony electrodes, both with external cutaneous Ag/AgCl reference electrodes, connected to two different recording devices are compared. Pearson correlation coefficients regarding the reflux index (% of the investigation time with a pH less than 4) ranged from poor to excellent (0.55 to 1.00). Differences in data recorded with glass electrodes are not significantly dependent on the recording device (r:0.93 to 1.00 for the reflux index). The correlation between data simultaneously recorded with antimony electrodes is lower, although not significantly different for the reflux index (0.90). Correlation between data recorded with glass and antimony probes is rather poor (0.55 to 0.70). Therefore data recorded with antimony electrodes cannot be compared with those recorded with glass electrodes. The mean pH recorded with glass electrodes is lower than that with antimony probes.
Extracorporeal photopheresis as a curative treatment strategy in non epidermotropic T-cell lymphoma and large granular lymphocyte leukemia
Authors: F. Garban, S. Carras, P. Drillat, M.C. Jacob, B. Fabre, M. Callanan, S. Courby, C. Makowski, J.Y. Cahn, R. Gressin
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)
Gestational Age at Birth and Outcomes After Neonatal Cardiac Surgery
Authors: John M. Costello, Sara K. Pasquali, Jeffrey P. Jacobs, Xia He, Kevin D. Hill, David S. Cooper, Carl L. Backer, Marshall L. Jacobs
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background— Gestational age at birth is a potentially important modifiable risk factor in neonates with congenital heart disease. We evaluated the relationship between gestational age and outcomes in a multicenter cohort of neonates undergoing cardiac surgery, focusing on those born at early term (ie, 37–38 weeks’ gestation). Methods and Results— Neonates in the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Congenital Heart Surgery Database who underwent cardiac surgery between 2010 and 2011 were included. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the association of gestational age at birth with in-hospital mortality, postoperative length of stay, and complications, adjusting for other important patient characteristics. Of 4784 included neonates (92 hospitals), 48% were born before 39 weeks’ gestation, including 31% at 37 to 38 weeks. Compared with a 39.5-week gestational age reference level, birth at 37 weeks’ gestational age was associated with higher in-hospital mortality, with an adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of 1.34 (1.05–1.71; P =0.02). Complication rates were higher and postoperative length of stay was significantly prolonged for those born at 37 and 38 weeks’ gestation (adjusted P &lt;0.01 for all). Late-preterm births (34–36 weeks’ gestation) also had greater mortality and postoperative length of stay (adjusted P ≤0.003 for all). Conclusions— Birth during the early term period of 37 to 38 weeks’ gestation is associated with worse outcomes after neonatal cardiac surgery. These data challenge the commonly held perception that delivery at any time during term gestation is equally safe and appropriate and question the related practice of elective delivery of fetuses with complex congenital heart disease at early term.
Relationship Between Quantitative Estrogen and Progesterone Receptor Expression and Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER-2) Status With Recurrence in the Arimidex, Tamoxifen, Alone or in Combination Trial
Authors: Mitch Dowsett, Craig Allred, Jill Knox, Emma Quinn, Janine Salter, Chris Wale, Jack Cuzick, Joan Houghton, Norman Williams, Elizabeth Mallon, Hugh Bishop, Ian Ellis, Denis Larsimont, Hironobu Sasano, Pauline Carder, Antonio Llombart Cussac, Fiona Knox, Valerie Speirs, John Forbes, Aman Buzdar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

To determine the relationship between quantitative estrogen-receptor (ER) and progesterone-receptor (PgR) expression and human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER-2) status with time to recurrence (TTR) in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive primary breast cancer treated with anastrozole or tamoxifen as adjuvant therapy.Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor blocks were retrospectively collected from patients in the monotherapy arms of the Arimidex, Tamoxifen Alone or in Combination (ATAC) trial and centrally tested for ER, PgR and HER-2. ER and PgR were scored using continuous scales and HER-2 was scored as 0 to 3+ with 2+ cases being analyzed by fluorescence in situ hybridization.Blocks were collected from 2,006 of 5,880 eligible patients. Tissue was assessable and ER and/or PgR positivity confirmed centrally in 1,782 cases. In these, TTR was longer for anastrozole than for tamoxifen by a similar extent to that in the overall trial. None of the three biomarkers identified a set of patients with differential benefit from anastrozole over tamoxifen. Patients with low ER, low PgR, and high HER-2 expression had a poorer prognosis with either drug. Only 2.6% of patients in the highest quartile of PgR experienced recurrence after 5 years, compared with 13.2% in the lowest quartile.Quantitative expression of ER and PgR and HER-2 status did not identify patients with differential relative benefit from anastrozole over tamoxifen: TTR was longer for anastrozole than for tamoxifen in all molecular subgroups. Low ER or PgR or high HER-2 expression are associated with a high risk of recurrence with either anastrozole or tamoxifen.
Incompletely Penetrant PKD1 Alleles Mimic the Renal Manifestations of ARPKD
Authors: Mihailo Vujic, Christina M. Heyer, Elisabet Ars, Katharina Hopp, Arseni Markoff, Charlotte Örndal, Bengt Rudenhed, Samih H. Nasr, Vicente E. Torres, Roser Torra, Nadja Bogdanova, Peter C. Harris
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2010)

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), caused by mutation in PKD1 or PKD2, is usually an adult-onset disorder but can rarely manifest as a neonatal disease within a family characterized by otherwise typical ADPKD. Coinheritance of a hypomorphic PKD1 allele in trans with an inactivating PKD1 allele is one mechanism that can cause early onset ADPKD. Here, we describe two pedigrees without a history of cystic kidney disease that each contain two patients with onset of massive PKD in utero. The presentations were typical of autosomal recessive PKD (ARPKD) but they were not linked to the known ARPKD gene, PKHD1. Mutation analysis of the ADPKD genes provided strong evidence that both families inherited, in trans, two incompletely penetrant PKD1 alleles. These patients illustrate that PKD1 mutations can manifest as a phenocopy of ARPKD with respect to renal involvement and highlight the perils of linkage-based diagnostics in ARPKD without positive PKHD1 mutation data. Furthermore, the phenotypic overlap between ARPKD and these patients resulting from incomplete penetrant PKD1 alleles support a common pathogenesis for these diseases.