tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of Ovariectomy on Preneoplastic Nodule Formation and Maintenance in the Mammary Glands of Carcinogen-Treated Rats&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Leonard J. Beuving
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1969)

In view of the known hormone-dependency of carcinogen-induced rat mammary tumors, the effect of ovariectomy on the initiation, formation, and maintenance of the preneoplastic lesion, the hyperplastic alveolar nodule, was studied. Initiation of mammary cell alterations in Lewis rats by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene did not require concomitant action of ovarian hormones, although minimum prior exposure of the animal to these hormones may still be essential. The survival and maintenance of preneoplastic cells, whether in the form of nodule progenitors, hyperplastic nodules, or hyperactive nodule outgrowths, were not affected by ovariectomy. On the other hand, the hormonal milieu provided by the ovaries was necessary for multiplication of altered cells leading to nodule formation, as well as for outgrowth of nodules and tumor growth.
EPIG-18PYROSEQUENCING ANALYSIS OF THE MGMT PROMOTER METHYLATION STATUS IN NEWLY DIAGNOSED GLIOBLASTOMA CORRELATES WITH VOLUMETRIC CHANGES OF UNRESECTED ENHANCED LESIONS IN MRI AFTER STANDARD RADIATION AND TEMOZOLOMIDE THERAPY
Authors: Masamichi Takahashi, Yuko Matsushita, Yasuji Miyakita, Makoto Ohno, Takahiro Ogawa, Sakura Kuzuoka, Shunichiro Miki, Koichi Ichimura, Yoshitaka Narita
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

BACKGROUND: Although it is recognized that methylation status of MGMT promoter is predictive for the response to temozolomide in newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM), at least in elderly patients, there is no study examining the ability of quantitative MGMT methylation status to predict volumetric changes of residual tumor in magnetic resonance images (MRIs) after surgery, radiation and temozolomide therapy. In this study, we performed retrospective volumetric analysis of the residual tumor in glioblastoma patients and investigated the relationship of MGMT status assessed by pyrosequencing. METHOD: Among 160 newly diagnosed GBM patients treated in our institute since 2006, volumetric analysis of the residual tumor was performed retrospectively in patients who were with residual unresected tumors after surgery, treated with standard radiation and temozolomide therapy. Patients who were without residual tumors or treated with bevacizumab were excluded. The MGMT methylation status was quantitatively assessed by averaging methylation at the 16 CpG sites measured by pyrosequencing. Enhanced tumor volume in MRI was measured at four time points of pre-operation, beginning of the treatments, three and six months after the initial treatment. RESULT: Forty four patients were enrolled (M:F = 25:19, median age: 61 y.o., median KPS: 70). The quantitative MGMT methylation data and tumor volume ratio, normalized to pre-treatment volume, were significantly correlated at 3 and 6 months after the initial treatment (p = 0.0002 and 0.0004, respectively). For the response rate, patients with lower MGMT methylation than 10% showed more progressive disease (defined as more than 50% gain in tumor volume) compared to patients with higher MGMT methylation than 10% at 3 and 6 months after initial treatment (3 months: 67.9% vs 18.8%, 6 months: 70.8% vs 15.4%, respectively). CONCLUSION: Quantitative MGMT methylation status analyzed by pyrosequencing may be useful to predict disease progression in glioblastomas treated with partial tumor removal followed by radiation and temozolomide therapy.
Abstract 10186: Treatment of Patients Recently Admitted for Acute Heart Failure Based on NT-proBNP Plasma Levels Measurements. Results of a Prospective, Randomized, Single-centre Trial.
Authors: Marco Metra, Franca Pagani, Valentina Lazzarini, Luca Bettari, Graziella Bonetti, Silvia Bugatti, Carlo Lombardi, Elena Pezzotti, Luigi Caimi, Livio Dei Cas
Journal: Circulation (2010)
1,6-Dinitropyrene: Mutagenicity in <italic>Salmonella</italic> and Carcinogenicity in BALB/c Mice<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref>
Authors: Hiroshi Tokiwa, Takeshi Otofuji, Kazumi Horikawa, Shigeji Kitamori, Hisashi Otsuka, Yoshiki Manabe, Takemi Kinouchi, Yoshinari Ohnishi
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)

In tests on the carcinogenicity of 1,6-dinitropyrene [(1,6-DNP) CAS: 42397-64-8] and 1-nitropyrene [(1-NP) CAS: 5522-43-0], 0.1 mg of each compound was inoculated sc into BALB/c mice once a week for 20 weeks. In the group given injections of 1,6-DNP the first tumor appeared on day 112, and 10 of the 20 mice developed tumors at the injection site by 45 weeks after the first injection. However, no tumors were induced in any of the mice that received injections of 1-NP. All of the induced tumors were transplantable for more than five generations in male BALB/c mice. Most of the tumors showed the characteristic histologic features of malignant fibrous histiocytoma.
Acute Differentiation Syndrome Is a Biological Consequence Of Treatment With Azanucleoside In Isocitrate Dehydrogenase-1 (IDH-1) and SFR2 mutated Myelodysplasia Derived Acute Myelogenous Leukemia
Authors: Gustavo A. Rivero, Dangayach Priti, Jun Zhang, Marylin Li
Journal: Blood (2013)
Sudden cardiac death associated with physical exertion in the US military, 2005–2010
Authors: Darlene P Smallman, Bryant J Webber, Edward L Mazuchowski, Ann I Scher, Sam O Jones, Joyce A Cantrell
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2015)

Background Sudden cardiac death associated with physical exertion (SCD/E) is a complicated pathophysiological event. This study aims to calculate the incidence rate of SCD/E in the US military population from 2005 to 2010, to characterise the demographic and cardiovascular risk profiles of decedents, and to evaluate aetiologies of and circumstances surrounding the deaths. Methods Perimortem and other relevant data were collected from the Armed Forces Medical Examiners Tracking System, Armed Forces Health Longitudinal Technology Application, and Defense Medical Epidemiology Database for decedents meeting SCD/E case definition. Incidence rates were calculated and compared using negative binomial regression. Results The incidence of SCD/E in the Active Component (ie, full-time active duty) US military from 2005 to 2010 was 1.63 per 100 000 person-years (py): 0.98 and 3.84 per 100 000 py in those aged &lt;35 and ≥35 years, respectively. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease was the leading cause of death overall (55%) and in the ≥35-year age group (78%), whereas the leading cause of death in the &lt;35-year age group (31%) could not be precisely determined and was termed idiopathic SCD/E (iSCD/E). SCD/E was more common in males than females (incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 5.28, 95% CI 2.16 to 12.93) and more common in blacks than whites (IRR=2.60, 95% CI 1.81 to 3.72). All female cases were black. Conclusions From 2005 to 2010, the incidence of SCD/E in US military members aged &lt;35 years was similar to most reported corresponding civilian SCD rates. However, the leading cause of death was iSCD/E and not cardiomyopathy. Improved surveillance and age-based prevention strategies may reduce these rates.
Second Line Therapy with Sunitinib As Single Agent in Patients with Advanced Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma (Update on Sun-Ck Phase Ii Trial)
Authors: C. Neuzillet, J. Seitz, L. Fartoux, D. Malka, G. Lledo, A. Tijeras-Raballand, A. De Gramont, M. Ronot, M. Bouattour, C. Dreyer, A. Amin, P. Bourget, A. Hadengue, N. Roldan, B. Chibaudel, E. Raymond, S. Faivre
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Third-party payers: to pay or not to pay
Authors: S S Sharfstein
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1978)

Insurance companies have traditionally been wary of providing coverage for mental illness for two reasons: 1) they fear that people would bring a mental illness on themselves or would use treatment for self-actualization, and 2) they fear the risk of providing never-ending treatment for "incurable" illness. The author states that the insurers' fears are groundless but suggests that psychiatrists research the utilization and costs of their treatments in insurance plans collaboratively with the actuaries who determine policy and premiums. Retrospective and prospective criteria for outcome and effectiveness of psychiatric treatment must be developed and applied.
NESARC Findings on Increased Prevalence of Marijuana Use Disorders—Reply
Authors: Richard A. Grucza, Arpana Agrawal, Laura J. Bierut
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Clinical questions and "real" research
Authors: J S Strauss, H Hafez
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1981)

Clinical experiences and the questions they generate are a rich potential source for increased understanding of psychopathology and its treatment. Yet a chasm frequently appears to exist isolating clinical observations from the "real" research viewed as essential to developing and testing their implications. This report suggests that a concept of real research limited to large-sample elaborate studies is too narrow for optimal progress in the field. Research principles for developing a clinical intuition systematically, in the clinical context, are described. The important values as well as limitations of this kind of research are noted.
DAFODIL: A novel liposome-encapsulated synergistic combination of doxorubicin and 5FU for low dose chemotherapy
Authors: Kathryn M. Camacho, Stefano Menegatti, Douglas R. Vogus, Anusha Pusuluri, Zoë Fuchs, Maria Jarvis, Michael Zakrewsky, Michael A. Evans, Renwei Chen, Samir Mitragotri
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2016)
Polysome Profiling Links Translational Control to the Radioresponse of Glioblastoma Stem-like Cells
Authors: Amy Wahba, Barbara H. Rath, Kheem Bisht, Kevin Camphausen, Philip J. Tofilon
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Changes in polysome-bound mRNA (translatome) are correlated closely with changes in the proteome in cells. Therefore, to better understand the processes mediating the response of glioblastoma to ionizing radiation (IR), we used polysome profiling to define the IR-induced translatomes of a set of human glioblastoma stem-like cell (GSC) lines. Although cell line specificity accounted for the largest proportion of genes within each translatome, there were also genes that were common to the GSC lines. In particular, analyses of the IR-induced common translatome identified components of the DNA damage response, consistent with a role for the translational control of gene expression in cellular radioresponse. Moreover, translatome analyses suggested that IR enhanced cap-dependent translation processes, an effect corroborated by the finding of increased eIF4F–cap complex formation detected after irradiation in all GSC lines. Translatome analyses also predicted that Golgi function was affected by IR. Accordingly, Golgi dispersal was detected after irradiation of each of the GSC lines. In addition to the common responses seen, translatome analyses predicted cell line–specific changes in mitochondria, as substantiated by changes in mitochondrial mass and DNA content. Together, these results suggest that analysis of radiation-induced translatomes can provide new molecular insights concerning the radiation response of cancer cells. More specifically, they suggest that the translational control of gene expression may provide a source of molecular targets for glioblastoma radiosensitization. Cancer Res; 76(10); 3078–87. ©2016 AACR.
Strategies for Colon Cancer Screening With Considerations of Cost and Access to Care
Authors: Randall W. Burt
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2010)

Burt's central research interest is to define new colon cancer susceptibility genes.Related projects include study of genetic environmental interactions and gene-gene interactions that give rise to colon cancer.His chief clinical focus is on cancer prevention through appropriate screening for colorectal and other cancers, with particular attention given to increased risk factors in inherited and non-inherited polyposis syndromes.Dr. Burt has been a principal investigator on several large NIH studies of colon cancer and has authored or co-authored numerous textbook chapters and articles in major scientific journals, several of which are considered seminal.He is the recipient of several teaching awards at the University of Utah and is also Senior Director for Prevention and Outreach at Huntsman Cancer Institute and Director of the institute's Familial Colon Cancer Clinic.The ideas and viewpoints expressed in this commentary are those of the author and do not necessarily represent any policy, position, or program of the NCCN.
Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in a phase III AXIS trial of axitinib versus sorafenib as second-line therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC).
Authors: D. Cella, B. Escudier, B. I. Rini, C. Chen, H. Bhattacharyya, J. C. Tarazi, B. Rosbrook, S. Kim, R. J. Motzer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

4504 Background: In a global, randomized, phase III trial of axitinib vs sorafenib as second-line therapy for mRCC (Rini et al, ASCO 2011), axitinib was superior to sorafenib in the primary endpoint of median progression-free survival (PFS) (6.7 vs 4.7 mo; HR 0.665, p<0.0001). Patient-reported kidney-specific symptom and function assessments were secondary endpoints. Methods: 723 patients were randomized to receive axitinib 5 mg BID or sorafenib 400 mg BID. Patient questionnaires (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Kidney Cancer Symptom Index [FKSI-15] and its disease-related symptoms subscale [FKSI-DRS] were administered on Cycle 1 Day 1 before dosing, every 4 weeks while on study, at end of study treatment/withdrawal, and 28 days after last dose. A priori statistical methods included a repeated measures analysis using a mixed effects model and an analysis of time to deterioration (TTD) using survival analysis methods. TTD was defined as a composite endpoint of death/progression/worsening in FKSI, whichever occurred first. The clinically important change in FKSI-15 and FKSI-DRS were predefined as repeated decreases of ≥5 and ≥3 points, respectively. Results: Completion rates for questionnaires during treatment were ~90%. Overall estimated means in the FKSI-15 and FKSI-DRS mixed-effects models were similar between treatments. The composite TTD endpoint, using FKSI-15 or FKSI-DRS, showed a 25% risk reduction for axitinib vs sorafenib (p=0.0001 for both comparisons; Table). Conclusions: Axitinib treatment resulted in PROs comparable to sorafenib in patients being treated for second-line mRCC. The PFS benefit demonstrated by axitinib is accompanied by a delay in worsening of the composite endpoint of advanced RCC symptoms, progression, or death compared with sorafenib. Composite TTD, mo FKSI-15 FKSI-DRS Percentile 50% 75% 50% 75% Axitinib (361) 2.8 6.5 2.8 6.6 Sorafenib (362) 2.3 4.7 2.8 4.8 HR 0.76 0.75 (95%CI) (0.681-0.878) (0.650-0.875) P 0.0001 0.0001
Abstract 12064: Living with Significant Other is Associated with Lower Risk for Emergency Readmission after Unstable Angina&Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Patricia R Harris, Barbara J Drew
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction:  Patients who are diagnosed with unstable angina (UA) or non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (non-STEMI) are at risk for repeated acute cardiac episodes resulting in emergent rehospitalization. American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology practice guidelines recommend use of risk stratification prior to hospital discharge; however, the importance of identifying patients’ social support for follow-up planning is not emphasized.   Hypothesis:  UA and non-STEMI patients who live with significant others are less likely to return to the Emergency Department (ED) for acute cardiac-related events within one year.   Methods:  Secondary analysis was conducted of data from a prospective clinical trial (IMMEDIATE AIM Study, RO1HL69753), in which patients presenting to the ED with chest pain were enrolled and followed for one year. A total of 166 patients with UA or non-STEMI and 1-year outcome data were included in the present analysis. Hazard over time analyses were performed to assess whether living with a significant other was associated with cardiac-related ED readmission during the follow-up period. Significant other was defined as spouse, partner, child, or other care provider.   Results:  Multivariate Cox Regression analyses controlling for gender, race, discharge diagnosis, and Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) risk score revealed that patients who lived with a significant other were less likely to return to the ED for an acute cardiac event within one follow-up year. Living with a significant other was a significant independent contributor to the statistical model (hazard ratio =.47, 95% confidence interval .29 - .75, p=.002). Overall sensitivity and specificity of the model was 73% (C-statistic=.73).   Conclusions:  In patients with UA or non-STEMI, living without a significant other confers a 2 times greater relative risk of ED cardiac-related readmittance compared with patients who live with a significant other. Prospective clinical trials are needed to identify what the beneficial “active ingredients” are in living with a significant other and to develop interventions to reduce risk for patients who do not have a significant other living arrangement.
IRF8 Restrains Monocyte-Dendritic Cell Progenitors from Differentiating into Neutrophils by Inhibiting C/EBPα Activity
Authors: Daisuke Kurotaki, Michio Yamamoto, Akira Nishiyama, Kazuhiro Uno, Haruka Sasaki, Keiko Ozato, Tomohiko Tamura
Journal: Blood (2013)
US areas with highest heart death rates have shifted from north east to south
Authors: Michael McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Although heart disease death rates in the United States have markedly declined overall during the past four decades, rates have fallen faster in the north than in the south, a study by researchers from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has found.1

The CDC researchers analyzed death records at the county level in the 48 contiguous states from 1973 to 2010. They found that in the 1970s the largest concentrations of counties with high death rates from heart …
Abstract B2-35: Efficient exploration of multi-cancer networks by generalized covariance selection and interactive web content
Authors: Teresia Kling, Patrik Johansson, Jose Sanchez, Voichita D. Marinescu, Rebecka Jornsten, Sven Nelander
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Statistical network modeling techniques are increasingly important tools to analyze cancer genomics data. However, current tools for network construction and interpretation are not designed to work across multiple diagnoses and technical platforms, thus limiting their applicability to comprehensive pan-cancer datasets such as the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Here, we describe a novel strategy to construct and analyze integrative network models heterogeneous data from multiple cancers. First, we introduce a generalization of sparse inverse covariance selection (SICS) designed to integrate genetic, epigenetic and transcriptional data from multiple cancers into a comparative network. The algorithm is shown to be statistically robust, effective at detecting direct pathway links in data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and uses a new strategy involving non-informative priors to balance different cancers and data types. Second, we propose to rationalize the interpretation of the derived networks by a new and publicly accessible tool (cancerlandscapes.org), in which derived models are explored as interactive web content, linked to several pathway and pharmacological databases. To evaluate the performance of the method, we constructed a model of genetic, epigenetic and transcriptional data for eight TCGA cancers, using data from 3900 patients. The derived model rediscovered known mechanisms and contained interesting predictions. Possible applications include the prediction of regulatory relationships between genes in particular cancers, comparison of network modules in across multiple forms of cancer, and identification of drug targets in relation to network structure. Citation Format: Teresia Kling, Patrik Johansson, Jose Sanchez, Voichita D. Marinescu, Rebecka Jornsten, Sven Nelander. Efficient exploration of multi-cancer networks by generalized covariance selection and interactive web content. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Computational and Systems Biology of Cancer; Feb 8-11 2015; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(22 Suppl 2):Abstract nr B2-35.
Fluorocoxib A loaded nanoparticles enable targeted visualization of cyclooxygenase-2 in inflammation and cancer
Authors: Md. Jashim Uddin, Thomas A. Werfel, Brenda C. Crews, Mukesh K. Gupta, Taylor E. Kavanaugh, Philip J. Kingsley, Kelli Boyd, Lawrence J. Marnett, Craig L. Duvall
Journal: Biomaterials (2016)
Communicating Antitachycardia Pacing-Enabled Leadless Pacemaker and Subcutaneous Implantable Defibrillator
Authors: Fleur V.Y. Tjong, Tom F. Brouwer, Kirsten M. Kooiman, Lonneke Smeding, Brendan Koop, Brian Soltis, Allan Shuros, Arthur A.M. Wilde, Martin Burke, Reinoud E. Knops
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Self-defeating personality disorder and DSM-III-R: development of the diagnostic criteria
Authors: F Kass, R L Spitzer, J B Williams, T Widiger
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1989)

One of the major controversies during the development of DSM-III-R was the possible inclusion of self-defeating personality disorder. The authors review the clinical literature that serves as the conceptual basis for this diagnosis. The development of the diagnostic criteria is described, including the rationale for specific criteria and the objections raised by opponents of the category. The authors describe how some of these objections led to changes in the diagnostic criteria in an attempt to distinguish self-defeating personality disorder from normal reactions to victimization and abuse.
Reliability of sexual risk behavior interviews with psychiatric patients
Authors: K McKinnon, F Cournos, H F Meyer-Bahlburg, J R Guido, L R Caraballo, E S Margoshes, R Herman, R S Gruen, T M Exner
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

Test-retest interviews examining recent sexual activity were administered to 27 severely ill psychiatric patients after stabilization. Three reports were judged to be questionable. For the 16 sexually active patients among the remaining 24, high test-retest reliability was found for number of sexual partners, frequency of episodes, and proportions of episodes involving vaginal intercourse and use of condoms. The interviews did not exacerbate psychiatric symptoms.