tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Influence of midsole hardness of standard cushioned shoes on running-related injury risk
Authors: Daniel Theisen, Laurent Malisoux, Joakim Genin, Nicolas Delattre, Romain Seil, Axel Urhausen
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2013)

Background In this double-blind randomised controlled trial, we tested if leisure-time runners using shoes with less compliant midsoles have a higher running-related injury (RRI) risk. Method We provided 247 runners with standard running shoes having either a soft study shoes (soft-SS) or a hard study shoes (hard-SS) midsole and followed them prospectively for 5 months regarding RRI. All information about sports practice and injuries was uploaded on a dedicated internet platform and checked for consistency and completeness. RRI was defined as any first-time pain sustained during or as a result of running practice and impeding normal running activity for at least 1 day. Cox proportional hazards regressions were used to identify RRI risk factors. Result The type of study shoes used for running was not associated with RRIs (HR=0.92; 95% CI 0.57 to 1.48). The hard-SS had a 15% greater overall stiffness in the heel region. The two study groups were similar regarding personal and sports participation characteristics, except for years of running experience, which was higher (p&lt;0.05) in the hard-SS group. Global RRI incidence was 12.1 RRI/1000 h of running. No between-group differences were found regarding injury location, type, severity or category. Nevertheless, the adjusted regression model revealed positive associations with RRI risk for body mass index (HR=1.126; 95% CI 1.033 to 1.227), previous injury (HR=1.735; 95% CI 1.037 to 2.902) and mean session intensity (HR=1.396; 95% CI 1.040 to 1.874). Protective factors were previous regular running activity (HR=0.422; 95% CI 0.228 to 0.779) and weekly volume of other sports activities (HR=0.702; 95% CI 0.561 to 0.879). Conclusions Midsole hardness of modern cushioned running shoes does not seem to influence RRI risk.
STUDIES ON AN UNCOMPLICATED CORYZA OF THE DOMESTIC FOWL
Authors: John B. Nelson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1935)

The mucous surfaces of the nasal passages and orbital sinuses appear to afford particularly favorable conditions for the development of the fowl coryza bacillus. Injected in the nasal tract, in any appreciable number, the bacilli regularly develop and may continue to exist for a considerable period of time in spite of an active inflammatory reaction on the part of the host. The specific bacillus multiplies either sparsely or not at all when injected extranasally, regardless of the nature of the cellular surface with which it is brought in contact. If the locus of injection is in communication with the upper air passages, as in the case of the trachea, internal ear, and orbital cavity, the bacilli may be carried there, even in the absence of a local development, and produce a coryza. Introduction of the bacilli in loci not in communication with the upper air passages is followed by a nasal carriage only in the case of the peritoneal cavity. Following intraperitoneal injection, 7 of 12 birds showed the specific bacillus in the nasal passages and except in one instance without an accompanying inflammation.
A possible role for Epstein-Barr virus infection in COPD?
Authors: A. W. J. Bossink, M. Deege, S. F. T. Thijsen
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2008)

To the Editors :

We read with interest the paper by McManus et al. 1, which appeared in a recent issue of the European Respiratory Journal . It is indeed tempting to suggest a role for latent viral infections in the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection has been associated with several medical conditions, as pointed out by those authors. However, relatively little is known about …
Capecitabine in Combination with Radiotherapy as a Neoadjuvant Treatment in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: Results of a Phase II Trial
Authors: Tomas Salek, Zuzana Hlavata, Iveta Andrezalova Vochyanova, Jozef Dolinsky, Jozef Mardiak, Peter Pichna
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2013)
Principal component analysis for the comparison of metabolic profiles from human rectal cancer biopsies and colorectal xenografts using high-resolution magic angle spinning 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Authors: Therese Seierstad, Kathrine Røe, Beathe Sitter, Jostein Halgunset, Kjersti Flatmark, Anne H Ree, Dag Olsen, Ingrid S Gribbestad, Tone F Bathen
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2008)

This study was conducted in order to elucidate metabolic differences between human rectal cancer biopsies and colorectal HT29, HCT116 and SW620 xenografts by using high-resolution magnetic angle spinning (MAS) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and for determination of the most appropriate human rectal xenograft model for preclinical MR spectroscopy studies. A further aim was to investigate metabolic changes following irradiation of HT29 xenografts. HR MAS MRS of tissue samples from xenografts and rectal biopsies were obtained with a Bruker Avance DRX600 spectrometer and analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least square (PLS) regression analysis. HR MAS MRS enabled assignment of 27 metabolites. Score plots from PCA of spin-echo and single-pulse spectra revealed separate clusters of the different xenografts and rectal biopsies, reflecting underlying differences in metabolite composition. The loading profile indicated that clustering was mainly based on differences in relative amounts of lipids, lactate and choline-containing compounds, with HT29 exhibiting the metabolic profile most similar to human rectal cancers tissue. Due to high necrotic fractions in the HT29 xenografts, radiation-induced changes were not detected when comparing spectra from untreated and irradiated HT29 xenografts. However, PLS calibration relating spectral data to the necrotic fraction revealed a significant correlation, indicating that necrotic fraction can be assessed from the MR spectra.
Acute Intramural Hematoma of the Aorta
Authors: Arturo Evangelista, Debabrata Mukherjee, Rajendra H. Mehta, Patrick T. O’Gara, Rossella Fattori, Jeanna V. Cooper, Dean E. Smith, Jae K. Oh, Stuart Hutchison, Udo Sechtem, Eric M. Isselbacher, Christoph A. Nienaber, Linda A. Pape, Kim A. Eagle
Journal: Circulation (2005)

The definition, prevalence, outcomes, and appropriate treatment strategies for acute intramural hematoma (IMH) continue to be debated.We studied 1010 patients with acute aortic syndromes who were enrolled in the International Registry of Aortic Dissection (IRAD) to delineate the prevalence, presentation, management, and outcomes of acute IMH by comparing these patients with those with classic aortic dissection (AD). Fifty-eight (5.7%) patients had IMH, and this cohort tended to be older (68.7 versus 61.7 years; P<0.001) and more likely to have distal aortic involvement (60.3% versus 35.3%; P<0.001) compared with 952 patients with AD. Patients with IMH described more severe initial pain than did those with AD but were less likely to have ischemic leg pain, pulse deficits, or aortic valve insufficiency; moreover, they required a longer time to diagnosis and more diagnostic tests. Overall mortality of IMH was similar to that of classic AD (20.7% versus 23.9%; P=0.57), as was mortality in patients with IMH of the descending aorta (8.3% versus 13.1%; P=0.60) and the ascending aorta (39.1% versus 29.9%; P=0.34) compared with AD. IMH limited to the aortic arch was seen in 7 patients, with no deaths, despite medical therapy in only 6 of the 7 individuals. Among the 51 patients whose initial diagnostic study showed IMH only, 8 (16%) progressed to AD on a serial imaging study.The IRAD data demonstrate a 5.7% prevalence of IMH in patients with acute aortic syndromes. Like classic AD, IMH is a highly lethal condition when it involves the ascending aorta and surgical therapy should be considered, but this condition is less critical when limited to the arch or descending aorta. Fully 16% of patients have evidence of evolution to dissection on serial imaging.
Fast-food-based hyper-alimentation can induce rapid and profound elevation of serum alanine aminotransferase in healthy subjects
Authors: S. Kechagias, A. Ernersson, O. Dahlqvist, P. Lundberg, T. Lindstrom, F. H. Nystrom
Journal: Gut (2008)

<h3>Objective:</h3> To study the effect of fast-food-based hyper-alimentation on liver enzymes and hepatic triglyceride content (HTGC). <h3>Design:</h3> Prospective interventional study with parallel control group. <h3>Setting:</h3> University Hospital of Linköping, Sweden. <h3>Participants:</h3> 12 healthy men and six healthy women with a mean (SD) age of 26 (6.6) years and a matched control group. <h3>Intervention:</h3> Subjects in the intervention group aimed for a body weight increase of 5–15% by eating at least two fast-food-based meals a day with the goal to double the regular caloric intake in combination with adoption of a sedentary lifestyle for 4 weeks. <h3>Main outcome measures:</h3> Weekly changes of serum aminotransferases and HTGC measured by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy at baseline and after the intervention. <h3>Results:</h3> Subjects in the intervention group increased from 67.6 (9.1) kg to 74.0 (11) kg in weight (p&lt;0.001). Serum ALT increased from 22.1 (11.4) U/l at study start to an individual mean maximum level of 97 (103) U/l (range 19.4–447 U/l). Eleven of the 18 subjects persistently showed ALT above reference limits (women &gt;19 U/l, men &gt;30 U/l) during the intervention. Sugar (mono- and disaccharides) intake during week 3 correlated with the maximal ALT/baseline ALT ratio (r = 0.62, p = 0.006). HTGC increased from 1.1 (1.9)% to 2.8 (4.8)%, although this was not related to the increase in ALT levels. ALT levels were unchanged in controls. <h3>Conclusion:</h3> Hyper-alimentation <i>per se</i> can induce profound ALT elevations in less than 4 weeks. Our study clearly shows that in the evaluation of subjects with elevated ALT the medical history should include not only questions about alcohol intake but also explore whether recent excessive food intake has occurred.
Human aldose reductase expression accelerates diabetic atherosclerosis in transgenic mice
Authors: R. K. Vikramadithyan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2005)

Direct evidence that hyperglycemia, rather than concomitant increases in known risk factors, induces atherosclerosis is lacking. Most diabetic mice do not exhibit a higher degree of atherosclerosis unless the development of diabetes is associated with more severe hyperlipidemia. We hypothesized that normal mice were deficient in a gene that accelerated atherosclerosis with diabetes. The gene encoding aldose reductase (AR), an enzyme that mediates the generation of toxic products from glucose, is expressed at low levels in murine compared with human tissues. Mice in which diabetes was induced through streptozotocin (STZ) treatment, but not nondiabetic mice, expressing human AR (hAR) crossed with LDL receptor-deficient (Ldlr-/-) C57BL/6 male mice had increased aortic atherosclerosis. Diabetic hAR-expressing heterozygous LDL receptor-knockout mice (Ldlr+/-) fed a cholesterol/cholic acid-containing diet also had increased aortic lesion size. Lesion area at the aortic root was increased by STZ treatment alone but was further increased by hAR expression. Macrophages from hAR-transgenic mice expressed more scavenger receptors and had greater accumulation of modified lipoproteins than macrophages from nontransgenic mice. Expression of genes that regulate regeneration of glutathione was reduced in the hAR-expressing aortas. Thus, hAR increases atherosclerosis in diabetic mice. Inhibitors of AR or other enzymes that mediate glucose toxicity could be useful in the treatment of diabetic atherosclerosis.
Lineage Relationships and Differentiation of Natural Killer (NK) T Cells: Intrathymic Selection and Interleukin (IL)-4 Production in the Absence of NKR-P1 and Ly49 Molecules
Authors: Olivier Lantz, Lama I. Sharara, Florence Tilloy, Åsa Andersson, James P. DiSanto
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1997)

In this report, we have assessed the lineage relationships and cytokine dependency of natural killer (NK) T cells compared with mainstream TCR-αβ T cells and NK cells. For this purpose, we studied common γ chain (γc)-deficient mice, which demonstrate a selective defect in CD3− NK cell development relative to conventional TCR-αβ T cells. NK thymocytes differentiate in γc− mice as shown by the normal percentage of TCR Vβ8+ CD4−CD8− cells and the normal quantity of thymic Vα14–Jα281 mRNA that characterize the NK T repertoire. However, γc-deficient NK thymocytes fail to coexpress the NK-associated markers NKR-P1 or Ly49, yet retain characteristic expression of the cytokine receptors interleukin (IL)-7Rα and IL-2Rβ. Despite these phenotypic abnormalities, γc− NK thymocytes could produce normal amounts of IL-4. These results define a maturational progression of NK thymocyte differentiation where intrathymic selection and IL-4–producing capacity can be clearly dissociated from the acquisition of the NK phenotype. Moreover, these data suggest a closer ontogenic relationship of NK T cells to TCR-αβ T cells than to NK cells with respect to cytokine dependency. We also failed to detect peripheral NK T cells in these mice, demonstrating that γc-dependent interactions are required for export and/or survival of NK T cells from the thymus. These results suggest a stepwise pattern of differentiation for thymically derived NK T cells: primary selection via their invariant TCR to confer the IL-4–producing phenotype, followed by acquisition of NK-associated markers and maturation/export to the periphery.
Carbon Monoxide-Releasing Molecules
Authors: Roberto Motterlini, James E. Clark, Roberta Foresti, Padmini Sarathchandra, Brian E. Mann, Colin J. Green
Journal: Circulation Research (2002)

Carbon monoxide (CO) is generated in living organisms during the degradation of heme by the enzyme heme oxygenase, which exists in constitutive (HO-2 and HO-3) and inducible (HO-1) isoforms. Carbon monoxide gas is known to dilate blood vessels in a manner similar to nitric oxide and has been recently shown to possess antiinflammatory and antiapoptotic properties. We report that a series of transition metal carbonyls, termed here carbon monoxide-releasing molecules (CO-RMs), liberate CO to elicit direct biological activities. Specifically, spectrophotometric and NMR analysis revealed that dimanganese decacarbonyl and tricarbonyldichlororuthenium (II) dimer release CO in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, CO-RMs caused sustained vasodilation in precontracted rat aortic rings, attenuated coronary vasoconstriction in hearts ex vivo, and significantly reduced acute hypertension in vivo. These vascular effects were mimicked by induction of HO-1 after treatment of animals with hemin, which increases endogenously generated CO. Thus, we have identified a novel class of compounds that are useful as prototypes for studying the bioactivity of CO. In the long term, transition metal carbonyls could be utilized for the therapeutic delivery of CO to alleviate vascular- and immuno-related dysfunctions. The full text of this article is available at http://www.circresaha.org.
Ex vivo culture of Fancc-/- stem/progenitor cells predisposes cells to undergo apoptosis, and surviving stem/progenitor cells display cytogenetic abnormalities and an increased risk of malignancy
Authors: Xiaxin Li, Michelle M. Le Beau, Samantha Ciccone, Feng-Chun Yang, Brian Freie, Shi Chen, Jin Yuan, Ping Hong, Attilio Orazi, Laura S. Haneline, D. Wade Clapp
Journal: Blood (2005)
Effect of continuous positive airway pressure therapy on metabolic control in patients with morbid obesity and obstructive sleep apnoea
Authors: Neus Salord, Mercè Mayos, Ana M. Fortuna, Carmen Monasterio, Mercè Gasa, Cristina Esquinas, Perez Antonio, Josep M. Montserrat
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) is associated with an increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) even in morbidly obese (MO) patients. The aim of the study was to address whether CPAP treatment could improve metabolic profile in this population. METHODS:A prospective multicentre study was performed in 98 consecutive naive CPAP patients with severe OSA (AHI>30) included in a bariatric surgery program. Patients with previous known diabetes were excluded. Patients were randomized to conservative (CT) versus CPAP treatment. Anthropometrical data, blood pressure, fasting blood measurements, homeostasis model assessment and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were measured at baseline and after 12 weeks. MetS was defined according to National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Panel III modified criteria. RESULTS: 42 CPAP and 38 CT patients completed the study. Patients had an age of 46.7±9 years, 27.5% were men, they had a body mass index (BMI) of 47±6 kg/m 2 , a MetS prevalence of 79%, and an AHI of 56(40-86). Both groups presented a similar decrease of BMI (-0.97±2.6 vs -0.99±2.0,p=0.59). CPAP patients had a decrease in the altered OGTT %(from 49% to 26%, p=0,04), in MetS %(from 80,9% to 64%, p=0,039) and metabolic index (from 3(2-4) to 3(3-4),p=0,013). No changes were observed in CT group. When compared the differences between both treatments, only the changes in glucose after OGTT were significant (-0.52±1.57 vs 0.17±2.03, p=0.036). The difference on the reversal of MetS was not significant. CONCLUSIONS: In MO patients with severe OSA CPAP treatment at 3 months improved MetS but when compared to CT only the effect on OGTT remained significant.
BT-03 * TARGETED INHBITION OF HISTONE DEMETHYLASE ACTIVITY FOR THE TREATMENT OF PEDIATRIC BRAINSTEM GLIOMAS
Authors: N. Ander, R. Lerner, X. Huang, M. Tom, V. Ngo, D. Solomon, S. Mueller, P. Paris, Z. Zhang, N. Gupta, T. Waldman, S. Goldman, D. James, R. Hashizume
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

INTRODUCTION: Histone gene mutations occur in pediatric brainstem gliomas. The most common mutation, a substitution of methionine for lysine at position 27 (K27M) of H3.3 protein, one of the histone H3 family members, causes substantial reduction in histone H3 tri- and di-methylation of K27 in cellular chromatin. We hypothesize that increase histone methylation would be a unique epigenetic therapeutic approach for treating this cancer. METHODS: Histone H3.3 lysine 27 (H3K27) methylation status was evaluated by western blotting. Cell proliferation assays were performed to assess the response to pharmacological inhibition with GSKJ4, a selective inhibitor of H3K27 demethylase JMJD3 and genetic suppression using JMJD3 siRNA. Gene expression changes and sequence association of K27me3, as a result of GSKJ4 treatment, were examined in cells with the K27M mutation using CHIP sequence and gene expression array. In vivo tumor growth and response to therapy were quantitatively measured by bioluminescence imaging and animal survival. RESULTS: H3.3K27M mutant brainstem glioma cells showed global reduction of H3K27 methylation compared to H3.3 wild-type glioma cells. Pharmacologic inhibition and genetic suppression of the H3K27 demethylase JMJD3, had anti-tumor activities that are specific to glioma cells with K27M mutation. Inhibition of JMJD3 opposed the suppressive effect of K27M mutation on H3K27 tri- and di-methylation. GSKJ4 treatment reduced the growth rate of K27M brainstem glioma xenografts in mice, while promoted tumor cell death, and significantly extended animal survival. Gene expression array combined with CHIP sequence association of K27me3, as result of GSKJ4 treatment, revealed 25 genes for which there was a strong correlation between GSKJ4-associated gene expression changes and corresponding changes in K27me3 sequence association. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that pharmacologic modulation of histone K27 methylation by inhibiting the JMJD3 demethylase is a viable approach for treating with pediatric gliomas with H3F3A mutations.
Is There a Role for Radioguided Surgery With Iodine-Labeled Metaiodobenzylguanidine in Resection of Neuroendocrine Tumors?
Authors: Leonie T van Hulsteijn, Eleonora P M Corssmit, Bernies van der Hiel, Johannes W A Smit, Marcel P Stokkel
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

The aim of this study was to systematically review literature, exploring the role of radioguided surgery with iodine-labeled metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) in resection of neuroendocrine tumors.PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, COCHRANE, CINAHL, Academic Search Premier, ScienceDirect, Wiley, and references of key articles were searched to identify potentially relevant studies.Twenty studies were included. A total of 130 procedures in 120 patients were performed. Ninety percent of included studies concerned case reports or case series. It is described that radioguided surgery with iodine-labeled MIBG can improve the quality of macroscopic resection of neuroendocrine tumors in selected cases, ie, in cases where the tumor is small, nonpalpable, difficult to visualize on conventional imaging studies, or located in an area with adhesional scar tissue from previous surgery. However, in a substantial number of cases the gamma probe failed due to technical problems.Since there is limited evidence that radioguided surgery contributes substantially in resection of neuroendocrine tumors, we cannot advocate its use in general. However, we can conclude that it can seemingly improve the quality of resection in selected cases. When radioguided surgery is performed in neuroendocrine tumors, we advocate the use of I to label MIBG.
Autoimmune progesterone dermatitis responding to Tamoxifen
Authors: C.J.M. STEPHENS, F.T. WOJNAROWSKA, J.D. WILKINSON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1989)

A case of autoimmune progesterone dermatitis is described. Exacerbation occurred premenstrually and after intramuscular and oral challenge with synthetic progesterone. The condition failed to respond to oestrogen, but there has been a marked improvement with the antioestrogen drug Tamoxifen.
Protection Against Autoimmune Myocarditis by Gene Transfer of Interleukin-10 by Electroporation
Authors: Kenichi Watanabe, Mikio Nakazawa, Koichi Fuse, Haruo Hanawa, Makoto Kodama, Yoshifusa Aizawa, Toshio Ohnuki, Fumitake Gejyo, Hiroki Maruyama, Jun-ichi Miyazaki
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background — Although immunosuppressive therapy for myocarditis has attracted a great deal of attention, its effectiveness is controversial. Interleukin (IL)-10 has a variety of immunomodulatory properties. Among the nonviral techniques for gene transfer in vivo, the direct injection of plasmid DNA into muscle is simple, inexpensive, and safe. Methods and Results — We examined the applicability of murine IL-10 (mIL-10) gene transfer to the treatment of rats with experimental autoimmune myocarditis. Nine-week-old Lewis rats were inoculated with pig myosin (day 0). A plasmid vector expressing mIL-10 cDNA (800 μg per rat) was transferred into the tibialis anterior muscles by electroporation 3 times (5 days before immunization and at days 4 and 13); control rats received empty plasmid. Electroporation increased the serum mIL-10 levels to &gt;250 pg/mL. The 21-day survival rate in rats treated with mIL-10 cDNA was higher (15 of 15; 100%) than that of the control group (9 of 15; 60%). Furthermore, mIL-10 treatment significantly attenuated myocardial lesions and improved hemodynamic parameters. Conclusions — These findings showed that gene transfer into muscle by electroporation in vivo is an effective means of delivery of IL-10 for the treatment of autoimmune myocarditis.