tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Acute Hepatitis C
Authors: Jennie R. Orland, Teresa L. Wright, Stewart Cooper
Journal: Hepatology (2001)

To understand spontaneous and treatment-related recovery, continuing efforts should be directed toward the study of host-virus interactions during acute hepatitis C. A multidisciplinary approach will be required to generate suitable technical methods, increase clinician and lay awareness, and identify patients promptly following infection. In the confrontation between HCV and the human immune system, such an approach might tip the balance in our favor.
Cardiac Imaging for Risk Stratification in Diabetes
Authors: Jeroen J. Bax, Silvio E. Inzucchi, Robert O. Bonow, Joanne D. Schuijf, Michael R. Freeman, Eugene J. Barrett
Journal: Diabetes Care (2007)

Worldwide, 200 million individuals currently have diabetes, and projections by the World Health Organization and others suggest that its prevalence will exceed 300 million by 2025 and 360 million by 2030 (1,2). More than 90% of these individuals will have type 2 diabetes. Management guidelines in Europe (3) and the U.S. (4) consider type 2 diabetes to be a cardiovascular disease equivalent. These patients have a two- to fourfold higher risk of a cardiovascular event than nondiabetic patients. Importantly, cardiovascular death is the most common cause of mortality in the type 2 diabetic population (5). It has been estimated that after a myocardial infarction, 79% of diabetic patients die of cardiac complications (6). Accordingly, accurate cardiovascular risk stratification of patients with type 2 diabetes is needed. This can be problematic in that the clinical presentation and progression of coronary artery disease (CAD) differs between diabetic and nondiabetic patients. In addition to a higher prevalence of CAD (7), patients with diabetes experience more diffuse, calcified, and extensive CAD, more often have left ventricular dysfunction, often have more advanced coronary disease at the time of diagnosis, and more often experience silent ischemia. In addition, diabetic patients generally have a less favorable response to revascularization (with frequent need for repeat percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass grafting) and a reduced long-term survival.

Accordingly, early accurate diagnosis of CAD in patients with diabetes is needed, and reliable prognostication is mandatory. The American Diabetes Association has recommended an algorithm whereby symptomatic diabetic patients would be referred for either stress perfusion imaging or stress echo or evaluation by a cardiologist. The exception would be individuals with atypical chest pain and a normal electrocardiogram who might undergo a simple exercise stress test unless they have multiple other cardiovascular risk factors, in which case imaging …
Where in the world is the speed/accuracy trade-off?
Authors: P. A. Hancock, Willem B. Verwey
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1997)

Even though Plamondon's kinematic model fits the data well, we do not share the view that it explains movements other than ballistic ones. The model does not account for closed-loop control, which is the more common type of movement in everyday life, nor does it account for recent data indicating interference with ongoing processing.
Symptomatic Relief, but No Cure — The Obama Health Care Reform
Authors: Joseph R. Antos
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

Barack Obama has laid out a vision for reform that promises health insurance for (nearly) everyone, with coverage as good as that enjoyed by members of Congress. Joseph Antos argues that the Obama plan offers a host of policy proposals that address the symptoms but not the underlying disease that afflicts the health care system.
Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: an under-recognised consequence of PE
Authors: H C Barker
Journal: Thorax (2004)

▴ Pengo V, Lensing AWA, Prins MH, et al . Incidence of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension after pulmonary embolism. N Engl J Med2004;350:2257–64 [OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4] The risk of developing chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTPH) following pulmonary embolism (PE) has not been clearly defined. In this prospective study 223 patients diagnosed with a first symptomatic PE were followed for a median period of 94.3 months. Patients with conditions predisposing to non-thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension were … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DNew%2BEngland%2BJournal%2Bof%2BMedicine%26rft.stitle%253DNEJM%26rft.issn%253D0028-4793%26rft.aulast%253DPengo%26rft.auinit1%253DV.%26rft.volume%253D350%26rft.issue%253D22%26rft.spage%253D2257%26rft.epage%253D2264%26rft.atitle%253DIncidence%2Bof%2BChronic%2BThromboembolic%2BPulmonary%2BHypertension%2Bafter%2BPulmonary%2BEmbolism%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1056%252FNEJMoa032274%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F15163775%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1056/NEJMoa032274&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=15163775&link_type=MED&atom=%2Fthoraxjnl%2F59%2F8%2F656.atom [4]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=000221641900006&link_type=ISI
Amplification of MelanA messenger RNA in addition to tyrosinase increases sensitivity of melanoma cell detection in peripheral blood and is associated with the clinical stage and prognosis of malignant melanoma
Authors: None Schittek, None Bodingbauer, None Ellwanger, None Blaheta, None Garbe
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

An improved protocol for reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR), amplifying tyrosinase and MelanA/MART-1 mRNA from peripheral blood, was used to test 340 blood samples from 225 patients with malignant melanoma for the presence of circulating tumour cells. Positive results for tyrosinase or MelanA were obtained in 19% of patients in stage I (n = 74), 31% in stage II (n = 45), 29% in stage III (n = 48) and 52% in stage IV (n = 58). Amplification of MelanA in addition to tyrosinase resulted in a 30% enhanced sensitivity of melanoma cell detection compared with amplification of tyrosinase alone. The sensitivity was further enhanced by analysis of at least two blood samples per patient and performing at least two PCR analyses per sample. During a median follow-up of 4 months, patients with a positive PCR showed a 2.4-fold increased risk for relapse compared with PCR-negative patients. These data indicate that the detection of circulating melanoma cells in peripheral blood using our optimized protocol for RT–PCR correlated with the clinical stage of disease and is therefore likely to be a prognostic marker for recurrence. MelanA is a sensitive additional marker to tyrosinase in detecting micrometastases using RT–PCR.
Rheumatic tissues in antibiotic-free tissue culture.
Authors: B G Wedum
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1970)

Inthecourse ofstudies ontheaetiology ofrheumatic fever, anumberofbiopsied rheumatic tissues have beengrowninantibiotic-free tissue culture systems, withnonrheumatic tissues ascontrols. Kuttner (1958) attempted, without success, todemonstrate aviral agent inleft atrial appendage growninmedia containing antibiotics. Weiss, Florio, andLewis (1958) grewheart andskinfromrheumatic patients inmediacontaining streptococcal filtrates, with someevidence ofacytopathogenic effect. Antibiotics werealsousedinthemediainthese studies. Inthepresent investigation noantibiotics were used, sothat anybacterial agent, particularly haemolytic streptococci ortheir Lformscould bedemonstrated ifpresent.
WNT Signaling in Adult Cardiac Hypertrophy and Remodeling
Authors: Martin W. Bergmann
Journal: Circulation Research (2010)

On pathological stress, the heart reactivates several signaling pathways that traditionally were thought to be operational only in the developing heart. One of these pathways is the WNT signaling pathway. WNT controls heart development but is also modulated during adult heart remodeling. This review summarizes the currently available data regarding WNT signaling during left ventricular (LV) remodeling. Upstream, soluble frizzled-related proteins (sFRPs) block WNT-dependent activation of the canonical WNT pathway. By inhibition of WNT activation, these factors also reduce β-catenin-dependent transcription by altering the ratio of cytoplasmic/nuclear β-catenin. In experimental settings, sFRPs injected into the heart attenuated LV remodeling. sFRPs are secreted from autologous bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells. Disheveled is a signaling intermediate of both the canonical and noncanonical WNT pathway. Similarly to the effect of sFRP, depletion of a disheveled isoform attenuated LV remodeling. In contrast, disheveled activation led to progressive dilated cardiomyopathy. Inhibition of nuclear β-catenin signaling downstream of the canonical WNT pathway significantly reduced postinfarct mortality and functional decline of LV function following chronic left anterior descending coronary artery ligation. WNT signaling also affects mobilization and homing of bone marrow-derived vasculogenic progenitor cells. Finally, heart-specific WNT/β-catenin interaction partners have been identified that will possibly allow targeting this pathway in a tissue-specific manner. In summary, the WNT pathway plays a pivotal role in adult cardiac remodeling and may be suitable for therapeutic interventions. Currently, several molecular and cellular mechanisms whereby WNT inhibition attenuates LV remodeling are proposed. Reactivation of the developmental program to restore functional LV myocardium from resident precursor cells may significantly contribute to this process.
Similar prevalence of respiratory symptoms and atopy in Estonian schoolchildren with changing lifestyle over 4 yrs
Authors: M-A. Riikjarv, T. Annus, L. Braback, K. Rahu, B Bjorksten
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2000)

The prevalence of allergic sensitization and clinical manifestations is low in Eastern Europe, despite a continuous increase in industrialized countries with a market economy. The aim of the present study was to study changes in the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and atopic sensitization over time among schoolchildren in Estonia, in relation to environmental changes as the country transformed into a market economy. A cross-sectional study of 10-yr-old children was carried out between October 1996 and April 1997, employing a questionnaire regarding the prevalence of wheezing, rhinitis and itching rash (n=979) and skin-prick tests with seven inhalant allergens (n=640). The results were compared with those of a similar study performed in 1992-1993. The 12-month prevalence of wheeze was 8.3%, as compared to 9.4% in 1992-1993 (NS) and of asthma was 2.5 versus 3.2% (NS). The prevalence of a positive skin-prick test result was 14.3% in both studies. Furthermore, the prevalence of sensitivity to the individual allergens was similar, except for a significantly higher prevalence of dog sensitivity in 1996-1997 (4.7 versus 2.0%). The prevalence of respiratory and other potentially allergic symptoms, as well as the prevalence of atopic sensitization, remains low in Estonian 10-yr-old children, despite a changing lifestyle over the past 4 yrs. This could indicate that the time period was too short for environmental changes to affect the prevalence of allergy, or alternatively that risk factors associated with a "western lifestyle" are of particular significance earlier in life.
qBase relative quantification framework and software for management and automated analysis of real-time quantitative PCR data.
Authors: Jan Hellemans, Geert Mortier, Anne De Paepe, Frank Speleman, Jo Vandesompele
Journal: Genome biology (2007)

Abstract Although quantitative PCR (qPCR) is becoming the method of choice for expression profiling of selected genes, accurate and straightforward processing of the raw measurements remains a major hurdle. Here we outline advanced and universally applicable models for relative quantification and inter-run calibration with proper error propagation along the entire calculation track. These models and algorithms are implemented in qBase, a free program for the management and automated analysis of qPCR data.
Intratumoral anti-HuD immunotoxin therapy for small cell lung cancer and neuroblastoma
Authors: Debra Ehrlich, Bo Wang, Wei Lu, Peter Dowling, Ruirong Yuan
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2014)

Most patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) or neuroblastoma (NB) already show clinically detectable metastases at diagnosis and have an extremely poor prognosis even when treated with combined modalities. The HuD-antigen is a neuronal RNA-binding protein that is expressed in 100% of SCLC tumor cells and over 50% of neuroblastoma cells. The correlation between high titers of circulating anti-HuD antibodies in patients and spontaneous tumor remission suggests that the HuD-antigen might be a potential molecular target for immunotherapy. We have constructed a new antibody-toxin compound (called BW-2) by assembling a mouse anti-human-HuD monoclonal antibody onto streptavidin/saporin complexes. We found that the immunotoxin BW-2 specifically killed HuD-positive human SCLC and NB cancer cells at very low concentrations in vitro. Moreover, intratumoral immunotoxin therapy in a nude mouse model of human SCLC (n = 6) significantly reduced local tumor progression without causing toxicity. When the same intratumoral immunotoxin protocol was applied to an immunocompetent A/J mouse model of NB, significant inhibition of local tumor growth was also observed. In neuroblastoma allografted A/J mice (n = 5) treated twice with intratumoral immunotoxin, significant tumor regression occurred in over 80% of the animals and their duration of tumor response was significantly prolonged. Our study suggests that anti-HuD based immunotoxin therapy may prove to be an effective alternative treatment for patients with SCLC and NB.
Gastric potential difference and pH in ulcer patients and normal volunteers during Stroop's colour word conflict test.
Authors: L Hojgaard, F Bendtsen
Journal: Gut (1989)

Whether mental stress is important in the pathogenesis of gastric mucosal disorders is not clearly established. This study investigated the relationship between sympathetic activation caused by the Stroop9s colour word conflict test and gastric mucosal function, monitored by measuring the gastric mucosal electrical potential difference (PD). In 13 healthy volunteers and 12 duodenal ulcer patients gastric PD, pH, and heart rate were measured continuously during basal conditions, during mental stress evoked by the Stroop9s colour word conflict test, and after return to basal conditions. The volunteers fell into two groups: In seven no sympathetic activation was elicited as no changes in heart rate were demonstrated. Gastric pH was unchanged, and PD increased slightly. Sympathetic activation was elicited in the other six with increased heart rate by 18 (6) beats per min. Potential difference declined significantly during sympathetic activation (delta PD = -5 (2)mV, p less than 0.05). Gastric pH increased. Eleven of 12 ulcer patients had sympathetic activation accompanied by a decline in PD, and an increased pH. Sympathetic activation in ulcer patients and volunteers impaired gastric mucosal function, as shown by a decline in gastric PD.
Sequential therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication: is levofloxacin better?
Authors: A. Zullo, V. De Francesco, D. Vaira
Journal: Gut (2010)

We read with great interest the study by Romano et al on a modified sequential therapy regimen for Helicobacter pylori eradication.1 Basically, the trial showed that a novel levofloxacin-based regimen was more effective than the standard, clarithromycin-based sequential regimen, irrespective of levofloxacin dose used (250 mg or 500 mg twice daily). We thank the authors for seeking to improve the efficacy of sequential therapy. However, a note …
Adjuvant Chemotherapy With Gemcitabine and Long-term Outcomes Among Patients With Resected Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Helmut Oettle, Peter Neuhaus, Andreas Hochhaus, Jörg Thomas Hartmann, Klaus Gellert, Karsten Ridwelski, Marco Niedergethmann, Carl Zülke, Jörg Fahlke, Michael B. Arning, Marianne Sinn, Axel Hinke, Hanno Riess
Journal: JAMA (2013)

The prognosis for patients with pancreatic cancer is poor, even after resection with curative intent. Gemcitabine-based chemotherapy is standard treatment for advanced pancreatic cancer, but its effect on survival in the adjuvant setting has not been demonstrated.To analyze whether previously reported improvement in disease-free survival with adjuvant gemcitabine therapy translates into improved overall survival.CONKO-001 (Charité Onkologie 001), a multicenter, open-label, phase 3 randomized trial to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of gemcitabine in patients with pancreatic cancer after complete tumor resection. Patients with macroscopically completely removed pancreatic cancer entered the study between July 1998 and December 2004 in 88 hospitals in Germany and Austria. Follow-up ended in September 2012.After stratification for tumor stage, nodal status, and resection status, patients were randomly assigned to either adjuvant gemcitabine treatment (1g/m2 d 1, 8, 15, q 4 weeks) for 6 months or to observation alone.The primary end point was disease-free survival. Secondary end points included treatment safety and overall survival, with overall survival defined as the time from date of randomization to death. Patients lost to follow-up were censored on the date of their last follow-up.A total of 368 patients were randomized, and 354 were eligible for intention-to-treat-analysis. By September 2012, 308 patients (87.0% [95% CI, 83.1%-90.1%]) had relapsed and 316 patients (89.3% [95% CI, 85.6%-92.1%]) had died. The median follow-up time was 136 months. The median disease-free survival was 13.4 (95% CI, 11.6-15.3) months in the treatment group compared with 6.7 (95% CI, 6.0-7.5) months in the observation group (hazard ratio, 0.55 [95% CI, 0.44-0.69]; P < .001). Patients randomized to adjuvant gemcitabine treatment had prolonged overall survival compared with those randomized to observation alone (hazard ratio, 0.76 [95% CI, 0.61-0.95]; P = .01), with 5-year overall survival of 20.7% (95% CI, 14.7%-26.6%) vs 10.4% (95% CI, 5.9%-15.0%), respectively, and 10-year overall survival of 12.2% (95% CI, 7.3%-17.2%) vs 7.7% (95% CI, 3.6%-11.8%).Among patients with macroscopic complete removal of pancreatic cancer, the use of adjuvant gemcitabine for 6 months compared with observation alone resulted in increased overall survival as well as disease-free survival. These findings provide strong support for the use of gemcitabine in this setting.isrctn.org Identifier: ISRCTN34802808.
Ticks and photo safari in South Africa
Authors: O. Roux, F. Desruelles, P. Delaunay, Y. Le Fichoux, J.P. Ortonne
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Journal Article Ticks and photo safari in South Africa Get access O. Roux, O. Roux Departments of Dermatology and *Myco‐Parasitology, Hôpital de L'Archet, 151 Rte St Antoine de Ginestière, BP 3079, 06202 Nice cedex 3, France Correspondence: François Desruelles. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F. Desruelles, F. Desruelles Departments of Dermatology and *Myco‐Parasitology, Hôpital de L'Archet, 151 Rte St Antoine de Ginestière, BP 3079, 06202 Nice cedex 3, France Correspondence: François Desruelles. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. Delaunay, P. Delaunay Departments of Dermatology and *Myco‐Parasitology, Hôpital de L'Archet, 151 Rte St Antoine de Ginestière, BP 3079, 06202 Nice cedex 3, France Correspondence: François Desruelles. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Y. Le Fichoux, Y. Le Fichoux Departments of Dermatology and *Myco‐Parasitology, Hôpital de L'Archet, 151 Rte St Antoine de Ginestière, BP 3079, 06202 Nice cedex 3, France Correspondence: François Desruelles. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.P. Ortonne J.P. Ortonne Departments of Dermatology and *Myco‐Parasitology, Hôpital de L'Archet, 151 Rte St Antoine de Ginestière, BP 3079, 06202 Nice cedex 3, France Correspondence: François Desruelles. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 143, Issue 5, 1 November 2000, Pages 1109–1110, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03868.x Published: 01 November 2000
Antibody Blockade of Thrombospondin Accelerates Reendothelialization and Reduces Neointima Formation in Balloon-Injured Rat Carotid Artery
Authors: Donghui Chen, Takayuki Asahara, Kevin Krasinski, Bernhard Witzenbichler, Jihong Yang, Meredith Magner, Marianne Kearney, William A. Frazier, Jeffrey M. Isner, Vicente Andrés
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Remodeling of the extracellular matrix plays an important role during the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and restenosis. The matrix glycoprotein thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) inhibits endothelial cell proliferation and migration in vitro. In contrast, TSP1 facilitates the growth and migration of cultured vascular smooth muscle cells. Accordingly, we investigated the hypothesis that administration of anti-TSP1 antibody could facilitate reendothelialization and inhibit neointimal thickening in balloon-injured rat carotid artery.Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to left common carotid artery denudation, after which arteries were treated with C6.7 anti-TSP1 or control antibody. Evans blue dye staining 2 weeks after injury disclosed significantly increased reendothelialization in arteries treated with C6.7 antibody compared with the control group, and this effect was associated with increased number of proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive endothelial cells. In contrast, treatment with C6.7 antibody decreased the number of proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive vascular smooth muscle cells in the injured arterial wall. Neointimal thickening was correspondingly attenuated to a statistically significant degree in arteries receiving C6.7 antibody versus the control group at both the 2-week and 4-week time points.Intra-arterial delivery of antibody against TSP1 facilitated reendothelialization and reduced neointimal lesion formation after balloon denudation.