tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The effects of surface morphology on the aerosol performance of spray-dried particles within HFA 134a based metered dose formulations
Authors: Feifei Yang, Xiaobin Liu, Wei Wang, Chunyu Liu, Lihui Quan, Yonghong Liao
Journal: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2015)

The aim of this study was to produce fine particles with different corrugated degree of surface by spray-drying and to investigate the effect of surface morphology on in vitro aerosol performance of the particles within HFA 134a based metered dose formulations. Compositions of rizatriptan and scutellarin were spray-dried using different spray-drying parameters, and particles were suspended within HFA 134a. The surface morphology were determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while the aerodynamic performance of MDIs was evaluated using a next generation pharmaceutical impactor. The surface morphology of spray-dried particles could vary from smooth to moderately corrugated, and to raisin-like depending upon spray-drying parameters and preparation compositions. In general, increasing inlet temperature, decreasing feed concentration and/or adding leucine to the feed solution tended to increase the corrugated degree of particle surface. Deposition results indicated that raisin-like particle based MDIs for all compositions of the two drugs produced significantly better aerodynamic performance in terms of fine particle fractions and mass median aerodynamic diameters relative to the formulations of the corresponding smooth or slightly corrugated particles when the particle compositions were the same. The present results demonstrated that wrinkled particles increased fine particle fractions within surfactant-free MDI formulations.
Analysis of the use of HIV antibody testing in a Minnesota hospital
Authors: K. Henry
Journal: JAMA (1988)

We retrospectively studied the clinical use of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody serology at one 450-bed medical center and affiliated clinics from April 1985 through August 1986. No restrictions were placed on the use of HIV antibody serology during that time, although it was recommended that consent be obtained and risk-reduction information be provided. Testing was performed for 275 patients; results for 25 (9%) of these were positive. Nearly half (44%) of the patients had no recognized risk factor for HIV infection recorded in their charts. For an additional 44% of the patients, the test was medically indicated but consent and counseling were not documented. For only 10% of HIV antibody tests was there notation that consent was obtained and that risk-reduction information was provided. These results indicate that HIV antibody testing is often done without consent and that opportunities to provide risk-reduction counseling are being missed.  ( JAMA 1988;259:229-232)
Making Physical Activity Counseling a Priority in Clinical Practice
Authors: Kathy Berra, James Rippe, JoAnn E. Manson
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 1425: FBXO11 suppresses epithelial plasticity and proliferation by ubiquitinating the Snail family of transcription factors
Authors: Jianrong Lu, Yue Jin, Anitha K. Shenoy, Hao Chen, Huacheng Luo, Lizi Wu, Kamal A. Mohammed
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is central to embryonic development and carcinoma progression. The cell adhesion molecule E-cadherin critically maintains epithelial property and restricts epithelial cell proliferation and motility. The Snail family of transcription factors are core inducers of EMT in part through direct repression of E-cadherin transcription. The Snail factors are normally under tight control to safeguard epithelial identity and homeostasis. However, their physiological regulation remains largely elusive. In the present study, we show that the F-box protein FBXO11 binds to Snail in a phosphorylation-independent manner and targets it for ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation. FBXO11 promotes the degradation of other Snail family members Slug and SCRT1 as well. Overexpression of FBXO11 in mesenchymal cells reduces Snail protein abundance and activates E-cadherin transcription. Conversely, depletion of endogenous FBXO11 in epithelial cancer cells causes Snail protein accumulation, EMT, and tumor invasion. Human cancer-derived FBXO11 missense mutants are impaired to degrade Snail. In human cancer, FBXO11 expression correlates with E-cadherin, and decreased expression of FBXO11 is robustly associated with adverse clinical outcomes. Inactivation of FBXO11 in mice results in neonatal lethality, increased Snail and Slug protein levels, decreased E-cadherin expression, and epidermal hyperplasia, which phenotypically resemble epidermis-specific transgenic overexpression of Snail or deletion of E-cadherin. These findings establish FBXO11 as a physiological ubiquitin ligase of Snails that is indispensable for suppressing epithelial hyperproliferation and plasticity during embryonic development and carcinoma progression. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Jianrong Lu, Yue Jin, Anitha K. Shenoy, Hao Chen, Huacheng Luo,Lizi Wu, Kamal A. Mohammed. FBXO11 suppresses epithelial plasticity and proliferation by ubiquitinating the Snail family of transcription factors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 1425. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-1425
Effectiveness of an mHealth intervention to improve the cardiometabolic profile of people with prehypertension in low-resource urban settings in Latin America: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Adolfo Rubinstein, J Jaime Miranda, Andrea Beratarrechea, Francisco Diez-Canseco, Rebecca Kanter, Laura Gutierrez, Antonio Bernabé-Ortiz, Vilma Irazola, Ariel Fernandez, Paola Letona, Homero Martínez, Manuel Ramirez-Zea
Journal: The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (2015)
Neural crest-derived resident cardiac cells contribute to the restoration of adrenergic function of transplanted heart in rodent
Authors: Yuichi Tamura, Motoaki Sano, Hiroshi Nakamura, Kentaro Ito, Yusuke Sato, Ken Shinmura, Masaki Ieda, Jun Fujita, Hiroyuki Kurosawa, Satohi Ogawa, Shintaro Nakano, Masunori Matsuzaki, Keiichi Fukuda
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2015)

We investigated whether neural crest-derived cardiac resident cells contribute to the restoration of intrinsic adrenergic function following transplantation in mice. Transplanted heart shows partial restoration of cardiac adrenergic activity with time. Both the intrinsic cardiac adrenergic system and extrinsic sympathetic re-innervation contribute to neuronal remodelling in the transplanted heart. Little is known about the origin and function of the intrinsic system in the transplanted heart. Heart from the protein 0-Cre/Floxed-Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein double-transgenic mouse was transplanted onto the abdominal aorta of the non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient mouse to trace the fate of cardiac resident neural crest-derived cells. Sympathetic nerve fibres, which are predominantly localized to the epicardial surface of the heart, disappeared in the transplanted heart. Intramyocardial neural crest cells increased immediately, while neural crest-derived nucleated tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-immunoreactive cells increased over 2 weeks following transplantation. The mRNA expression levels of TH, dopamine-β-hydroxylase and phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase, and the tissue content of catecholamines in the transplanted hearts increased with time in association with an increase in the number of neural crest-derived nucleated TH-immunoreactive cells and tissue nerve growth factor levels. Iodine-123-metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy showed that the uptake ability of transplanted heart for catecholamines also recovered with time. Finally, the chronotropic response to tyramine both in vivo and ex vivo reappeared 2 weeks after transplantation. Neural crest-derived adrenergic cells increased following heart transplantation. The restoration of cardiac sympathetic activities in transplanted heart is tightly coupled with an increase in the number of neural crest-derived adrenergic cells.
Patient-reported outcomes with anastrozole versus tamoxifen for postmenopausal patients with ductal carcinoma in situ treated with lumpectomy plus radiotherapy (NSABP B-35): a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 clinical trial
Authors: Patricia A Ganz, Reena S Cecchini, Thomas B Julian, Richard G Margolese, Joseph P Costantino, Laura A Vallow, Kathy S Albain, Patrick W Whitworth, Mary E Cianfrocca, Adam M Brufsky, Howard M Gross, Gamini S Soori, Judith O Hopkins, Louis Fehrenbacher, Keren Sturtz, Timothy F Wozniak, Thomas E Seay, Eleftherios P Mamounas, Norman Wolmark
Journal: The Lancet (2015)
Nevada pays San Francisco $400 000 after admitting bussing mentally ill patients to other states
Authors: Owen Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2015)

A Nevada state psychiatric hospital put hundreds of unwanted patients on buses with one way tickets to distant states, often with no documentation and just a few hours’ worth of medicine, an investigation has found.

From 2008 to 2013 about 1500 patients from Rawson-Neal Psychiatric Hospital in Las Vegas were put in taxis bound for the Greyhound station, where the hospital had a standing contract with the bus company. Of these, 24 were sent to San Francisco, California, where 20 soon required treatment.

A further 19 were sent to Sacramento, California, where one patient attracted the attention of the local newspaper, the Sacramento Bee , which soon unraveled the full scope of the bussing scheme. San Francisco sued to recover its treatment costs, and, after two years of litigation, Nevada this week agreed to pay the city $400 000 (£260 000; €350 000). Nevada had spent $1.9m in legal costs fighting the suit, and the state may face further claims from other cities that …
Mitochondrial Dysfunction Induces Senescence with a Distinct Secretory Phenotype
Authors: Christopher D. Wiley, Michael C. Velarde, Pacome Lecot, Su Liu, Ethan A. Sarnoski, Adam Freund, Kotaro Shirakawa, Hyung W. Lim, Sonnet S. Davis, Arvind Ramanathan, Akos A. Gerencser, Eric Verdin, Judith Campisi
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2015)
Let’s leave “heartsink” behind
Authors: Simon Cocksedge
Journal: BMJ (2015)

A “holding relationship” is a less derogatory and demeaning term

“If I didn’t know his history, he would be the classic heartsink,” a prize winning essayist wrote this year.1 The word took me back more than 20 years, to weekly GP training seminars. “Heartsink” patients had just been described,2 and registrars spent entertaining hours outbidding each other for the best example of the day. Case after case was recounted, bemoaning the many failings of human nature witnessed by novice practitioners.

And yet this essay also brought back that niggling, unsettled feeling in my mind that this wasn’t the right word—and the sense that it was both derogatory and demeaning, saying more about doctors than their patients.

So I started listening for instances …
EGCG inhibits ephrin A1 mediated endothelial migration
Authors: Feng-Yao Tang, En-Pei Chiang, Chia-Hsin Shih
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 46, 2005

2028 

Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing capillaries, is essential for tumor progression and metastasis. Recent studies showed that the VEGF modulates the expression of ephrin A1 and mediates the activation of Eph A2 to regulate vascular remodeling in tumor neovascularization. Furthermore, activation of EphA2 modulated by ephrin A1 is required for the cell migration and sprouting of blood vessels during tumor neovascularization. It suggested an essential role of EphA2 receptor activation during tumor angiogenesis. Green tea catechin, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has been demonstrated as an effective anti-angiogenesis agent in previous studies. However, the inhibitory effect of green tea catechins on ephrin A1- mediated endothelial cell migration has not been demonstrated yet. Thus, we investigated the molecular mechanism of ephrin A1/Eph A2-stimulated cell migration and the inhibitory effects of EGCG in this study. Here we show that green tea catechin, EGCG, inhibited ephrin A1 -mediated endothelial cell migration and blocked the activation of Eph A2 during tumor angiogenesis. Ephrin A1- mediated cell migration required the activation of extracellular -regulated kinase (ERK-1/2) but not phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI-3K). Furthermore, we demonstrate that EGCG inhibited EphA2-mediated migration of endothelial cells by blocking the activation of ERK-1/2. Take together, these data indicated that ERK-1/2 protein as a potential new target for the therapeutic intervention in ephrin A1- mediated endothelial migration and a novel role of EGCG in anti-angiogenesis application.
Healy's editorial on serotonin and depression does a disservice to psychiatrists
Authors: A. E. Langford
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Healy does a great disservice to jobbing psychiatrists with his editorial on serotonin and depression, the marketing of a myth.1 By portraying them as “co-opted into a myth” about low levels of serotonin being the sole cause of depression he paints them as gullible. And by stating that this theory is “an easy shorthand …
Testicular carcinoma in situ in patients with extragonadal germ-cell tumours: the clinical role of pretreatment biopsy
Authors: S.D. Fosså, N. Aass, A. Heilo, G. Daugaard, N.E. Skakkebæk, A.E. Stenwig, J.M. Nesland, L.H.J. Looijenga, J.W. Oosterhuis
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2003)
Campylobacteriosis: the role of poultry meat
Authors: C.P.A. Skarp, M.-L. Hänninen, H.I.K. Rautelin
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2015)

The incidence of human infections caused by Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli, the main bacterial agents of gastrointestinal disease, has been increasing worldwide. Here, we review the role of poultry as a source and reservoir for Campylobacter. Contamination and subsequent colonization of broiler flocks at the farm level often lead to transmission of Campylobacter along the poultry production chain and contamination of poultry meat at retail. Yet Campylobacter prevalence in poultry, as well as the contamination level of poultry products, vary greatly between different countries so there are differences in the intervention strategies that need to be applied. Temporal patterns in poultry do not always coincide with those found in human infections. Studies in rural and urban areas have revealed differences in Campylobacter infections attributed to poultry, as poultry seems to be the predominant reservoir in urban, but not necessarily in rural, settings. Furthermore, foreign travel is considered a major risk factor in acquiring the disease, especially for individuals living in the northern European countries. Intervention strategies aimed at reducing Campylobacter colonization in poultry and focused at the farm level have been successful in reducing the number of Campylobacter cases in several countries. Increasing farm biosecurity and education of consumers are likely to limit the risk of infection. Overall, poultry is an important reservoir and source of human campylobacteriosis, although the contribution of other sources, reservoirs and transmission warrants more research.
Successful eradication of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus in chronically colonized cystic fibrosis patients
Authors: Eef Vanderhelst, Elke De Wachter, Julie Willekens, Walter Vincken, Anne Malfroot
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background: Chronic colonization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in patients with Cystic Fibrosis is an increasing clinical problem, and therapeutic options are limited. Chronic colonization with MRSA can be associated with accelerated decline in lung function; therefore eradication of MRSA is attempted in most CF centres today. The aim of this study was to determine whether it is possible to eradicate MRSA from airways of Cystic Fibrosis patients with prolonged combination of oral antibiotics.

Results: Eleven Cystic Fibrosis patients, (mean (± SD) age: 13.8(±12.6)years; mean FEV1: 89(±11)%pred) who were chronically colonized with MRSA, were treated for six months with rifampicin and fusidic acid Two patients had to switch to an alternative protocol, using rifampicin and clindamycin ,due to the resistance pattern of MRSA. Eradication was achieved in all patients even when significant time (range 18 months to 9 years) had elapsed from initial isolation. Side-effects were mild, and did not lead to therapy cessation.

View this table:

Demographic features





Conclusion: Chronic MRSA colonization can be cleared successfully using a combination of oral rifampicin and fusidic acid for six months.
In vivo adhesion of malignant B cells to bone marrow microvasculature is regulated by α4β1 cytoplasmic-binding proteins
Authors: M Martínez-Moreno, M Leiva, N Aguilera-Montilla, S Sevilla-Movilla, S Isern de Val, N Arellano-Sánchez, N C Gutiérrez, R Maldonado, J Martínez-López, I Buño, J A García-Marco, P Sánchez-Mateos, A Hidalgo, A García-Pardo, J Teixidó
Journal: Leukemia (2015)
Sixty seconds on . . . Lyme disease
Authors: Nigel Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2015)

You’re right. All sorts of ill defined symptoms are being blamed on chronic infection with Borrelia burgdorferi , the bacterium responsible for Lyme disease. It’s become an epidemic, in the press.

No. People do catch Lyme disease from tick bites, and the infection can be unpleasant and in some cases persistent, causing inflammatory arthritis and heart and nervous system …
Obesity and Bariatric Surgery Drive Epigenetic Variation of Spermatozoa in Humans
Authors: Ida Donkin, Soetkin Versteyhe, Lars R. Ingerslev, Kui Qian, Mie Mechta, Loa Nordkap, Brynjulf Mortensen, Emil Vincent R. Appel, Niels Jørgensen, Viggo B. Kristiansen, Torben Hansen, Christopher T. Workman, Juleen R. Zierath, Romain Barrès
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2015)
Functional Recovery of a Human Neonatal Heart After Severe Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Bernhard J. Haubner, Johanna Schneider, Ulrich Schweigmann, Thomas Schuetz, Wolfgang Dichtl, Corinna Velik-Salchner, Joerg-I. Stein, Josef M. Penninger
Journal: Circulation Research (2015)

Rationale : Cardiac remodeling and subsequent heart failure remain critical issues after myocardial infarction despite improved treatment and reperfusion strategies. Recently, cardiac regeneration has been demonstrated in fish and newborn mice after apex resection or cardiac infarctions. Two key issues remain to translate findings in model organisms to future therapies in humans: what is the mechanism and can cardiac regeneration indeed occur in newborn humans? Objective : To assess whether human neonatal hearts can functionally recover after myocardial infarction. Methods and Results : Here, we report the case of a newborn child having a severe myocardial infarction due to coronary artery occlusion. The child developed massive cardiac damage as defined by serum markers for cardiomyocyte cell death, electrocardiograms, echocardiography, and cardiac angiography. Remarkably, within weeks after the initial ischemic insult, we observed functional cardiac recovery, which translated into long-term normal heart function. Conclusions : These data indicate that, similar to neonatal rodents, newborn humans might have the intrinsic capacity to repair myocardial damage and completely recover cardiac function.
Mental health trust failed to investigate unexpected deaths, claims leaked report
Authors: Gareth Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2015)

A mental health trust in England failed to properly investigate the unexpected deaths of more than 1000 people between 2011 and 2015, a damning leaked report has claimed.

The report, obtained by the BBC,1 said that a “failure of leadership” at Southern Health NHS Foundation Trust had led to the deaths of patients with mental health illness and learning disabilities not being fully examined. The trust is one of the largest mental health trusts in England, providing services to around 45 000 patients across Hampshire, Dorset, Wiltshire, Oxfordshire, and Buckinghamshire.

The investigation, commissioned by NHS England and conducted by the auditing company Mazars, examined all deaths at the trust between April 2011 and March 2015. It found …