tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract MP016: Innovation in Exercise: Increasing Capacity of Sedentary Obese Women with Cooling
Authors: Stacy T Sims, Sandra Tsai, Marcia L Stefanick
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Barriers to physical activity for obese women include overheating, sweating, fatigue, exhaustion, and rapid heart rate. Adipose tissue acts as a thermal insulator, promoting a greater heat load on the nonfat tissues, reducing heat tolerance; exercise causes a rise in body temperature with an inability to dissipate heat contributing to reduced exercise tolerance. With difficulties of thermoregulation in the sedentary obese population, the aspect of attenuating the discomfort thus associated may encourage continuation of exercise. A heat sink applied to palmar surfaces extracts heat and cools the venous blood, reducing thermal strain by enhancing the volume of cooled venous return. We hypothesized that palmar cooling using a rapid thermal exchange device (RTX) during exercise would attenuate the thermal discomfort of exercise of sedentary obese women, improving exercise tolerance. Methods: To examine whether palmar cooling would impact exercise tolerance in obese women, 24 healthy women aged 30–45 years, with no history of long term structured exercise, a body mass of 120–135% above ideal and/or BMI between 30 and 34.9 were recruited. Women were randomized into a cooling (RXT with 16°C water circulating) or a control (RTX with 37°C water circulating) group and attended 3 exercise sessions a week for 3-months (12 weeks). Each session was comprised of 10 min body weight exercises, 25–45 min treadmill walking at 70–85% HRR with the RTX device, and 10 min of core strengthening exercises. The performance marker was a 1.5 mi walk for time; conducted on the first and last days of the intervention. Mixed models were used to model each of the outcomes as a function of thermal strain, time and treatment with covariates of speed, heart rate, distance, and the interaction of the main effects included in the model. Results: Groups were matched at baseline for key variables (time for 1.5 mile walk test, resting and exercising heart rate [HR], blood pressure [BP], waist circumference [WC], body weight, body mass index [BMI]). Among the cooling group, time to complete the 1.5mile walk test was significantly faster (31.6 ± 2.3 vs. 24.6 ± 2.5 min, pre vs. post, P&lt; 0.01). A greater average exercising HR was observed (136 vs. 154 bpm, pre vs. post, P &lt;0.001), with a significant reduction in WC (41.8 ± 3.1 vs. 39.1 ± 2.2 inches, pre vs. post, P&lt; 0.01) and resting BP (139/84 ± 124/70 mmHg, pre vs. post, P &lt; 0.025). There were no significant differences observed in the control group. Conclusion: Results indicate that exercise tolerance in obese women improved with cooling during exercise, more so than those women who did not have cooling. An improvement in blood pressure, heart rate, waist circumference, and overall aerobic fitness was observed. These findings suggest that by reducing thermal discomfort during exercise, tolerance increases, thus improving cardiovascular parameters of obese women.
The Sequencing of Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy after Conservative Surgery for Early-Stage Breast Cancer
Authors: Abram Recht, Steven E. Come, I. Craig Henderson, Rebecca S. Gelman, Barbara Silver, Daniel F. Hayes, Lawrence N. Shulman, Jay R. Harris
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Patients with early-stage breast cancer who are at substantial risk for systemic metastases are increasingly treated with breast-conserving therapy and adjuvant chemotherapy. However, the optimal sequencing of chemotherapy and radiation therapy is not clear.
UK adheres to Formula One exemption
Authors: J. Warden
Journal: BMJ (1997)

The first British government to support a ban on tobacco advertising will enter negotiations in Europe on 4 December with reservations that could delay the ban. This is due to the Labour government's insistence that Formula One motor racing should be exempted from a ban (15 November, p 1251).

While the government seeks approval by the European Health Council for a directive imposing a comprehensive advertising ban, it emerged last week that it wants grand prix motor racing to be given a permanent exemption and to be subject to only voluntary controls. The public health minister, Tessa Jowell, told a committee of MPs that the directive must safeguard the position of Formula One as well as meet public health concerns that smoking should be reduced. She was uncertain if a common position would be agreed next week.

In Britain the issue has gone wider, with suspicions that the government was …
P03.06 * INDUCTION OF A GFP POSITIVE GLIOMA CELL LINE - A NEW TOOL FOR EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES
Authors: H. Nittby, G. Skagerberg, K. Fornvik, P. Ericsson, Z. Xue, H. Sjogren, B. Widegren, L. G. Salford
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: Many studies have been performed in animal models in the search for possible treatment alternatives against malignant astrocytomas, including glioblastoma multiforme. One of the key problems when treating patients with malignant gliomas is that despite being able to remove the major bulk of the tumour, we know that tumour cells have already spread throughout the brain. In animal models, this is not often discussed, since the major focus is on survival during the study time. We therefore felt that there is a need to design a model where it is more obvious how effective the treatment is also against the satellite tumour cells, and therefore have developed a GFP positive tumour line. METHOD: Five homozygous GFP positive Fischer 344 rats were treated with ENU during pregnancy. Of the offspring, 19 rats developed CNS tumours. Of these, we chose those with tumours growing intracerebrally for further culturing. The tumour cells were transplanted to new recipients. Out of these, we have defined a cell line (NS1), which originated in pons, and reliably generates tumours when transplanted s.c. and i.c. RESULTS: Our new GFP positive cell line was transplanted into GFP negative Fischer 344 rats, and resulted in brain tumours also here. The tumours were analyzed in fluoroscence microscope and glioma markers were investigated. CONCLUSION: With a new GFP positive tumour cell line we have a new tool for investigations of the migrating tumour cells in experimental model. With this, our hope is that treatment protocols will more easily evaluate not only the effect on survival but also whether satellite cells are targeted or not.
Long-Term Survival after Ablation of the Atrioventricular Node and Implantation of a Permanent Pacemaker in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Cevher Ozcan, Arshad Jahangir, Paul A. Friedman, Philip J. Patel, Thomas M. Munger, Robert F. Rea, Margaret A. Lloyd, Douglas L. Packer, David O. Hodge, David L. Hayes, Bernard J. Gersh, Stephen C. Hammill, Win-Kuang Shen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

In patients with atrial fibrillation that is refractory to drug therapy, radio-frequency ablation of the atrioventricular node and implantation of a permanent pacemaker are an alternative therapeutic approach. The effect of this procedure on long-term survival is unknown.We studied all patients who underwent ablation of the atrioventricular node and implantation of a permanent pacemaker at the Mayo Clinic between 1990 and 1998. Observed survival was compared with the survival rates in two control populations: age- and sex-matched members of the Minnesota population between 1970 and 1990 and consecutive patients with atrial fibrillation who received drug therapy in 1993.A total of 350 patients (mean [+/-SD] age, 68+/-11 years) were studied. During a mean of 36+/-26 months of follow-up, 78 patients died. The observed survival rate was significantly lower than the expected survival rate based on the general Minnesota population (P<0.001). Previous myocardial infarction (P<0.001), a history of congestive heart failure (P=0.02), and treatment with cardiac drugs after ablation (P=0.03) were independent predictors of death. Observed survival among patients without these three risk factors was similar to expected survival (P=0.43). None of the 26 patients with lone atrial fibrillation died during follow-up (37+/-27 months). The observed survival rate among patients who underwent ablation was similar to that among 229 controls with atrial fibrillation (mean age, 67+/-12 years) who received drug therapy (P=0.44).In the absence of underlying heart disease, survival among patients with atrial fibrillation after ablation of the atrioventricular node is similar to expected survival in the general population. Long-term survival is similar for patients with atrial fibrillation, whether they receive ablation or drug therapy. Control of the ventricular rate by ablation of the atrioventricular node and permanent pacing does not adversely affect long-term survival.
Abstract 160: Altered levels of circulating microRNAs in the plasma of non-small cell lung cancer patients: Potential as biomarker
Authors: Xuemin Qian, Naomi Fujioka, Robert Kratzke, Wayne W. Xu, Tamene Melkamu, Fekadu Kassie
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract The development of molecular markers for lung cancer could offset the deficiencies of currently available early detection and staging approaches. To this end, blood markers are particularly attractive since samples are obtained in a minimally invasive way at any stage of lung carcinogenesis. In this study we compared the levels of 10 microRNAs (miR-21, miR-31, miR-155, miR-147, miR-218, miR-377, miR-551b*, miR-569, miR-1283, and miR-1468) in the blood plasma of 27 non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and 38 healthy controls, using quantitative reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), to determine if these miRNAs might have a diagnostic value for NSCLC. The results of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), which measures the ability of the test to correctly classify those with and without the disease, were 0.98, 1.00, 0.8, and 0.98 for miR-21, miR-155, miR-377 and miR-1468, respectively, indicating that plasma levels of miR-21, miR-155, miR-377 and miR-1468 are powerful discriminators between patients and controls. At the optimum cutoff point for the cycle threshold (CT) value of the four miRNAs, the sensitivities of miR-21, miR-155, miR-377 and miR-1468 were 92.5%, 100%, 84%, and 100%, respectively; the corresponding values for the test specificity were 100%, 100%, 88%, and 100%, respectively. These results indicate the great potential of miR-21, miR-155, miR-377 and miR-1468 as diagnostic markers for NSCLC but need to be proved in prospective studies with larger samples. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 160. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-160
Evolution des brûlures caustiques du tube digestif supérieur (TDS): à propos de 483 cas
Authors: N Oumnia, M Lahcene, A Tebaibia, N Matougui, MA Boudjella, B Touchene
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

But: Le but de ce travail est de rapporter notre expérience des brûlures caustiques du tube digestif supérieur et d'analyser l'évolution des lésions.
PREOPERATIVE ATRIAL FIBRILLATION INCREASES MORTALITY AFTER TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT FOR SEVERE AORTIC STENOSIS
Authors: Kashish Goel, Kevin Greason, Rakesh Suri, Vuyisile Nkomo, Verghese Mathew, Stephen Cha, Bernard Gersh, David Holmes, Charanjit Rihal, Rowlens Melduni
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Abstract 4804: Glycoproteomic analysis of lung cancer malignant pleural effusions identify glycosylated proteins being produced by metastatic tumor cells
Authors: Suzanne Miyamoto, Ken Yoneda, Renee Ruhaak, Carol Stroble, Carlito B. Lebrilla, David Gandara
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Malignant pleural effusions are produced in late stage metastatic lung cancer. We have obtained malignant pleural effusions from lung cancer patients. The specimens are separated into fluid and cells and the cells are grown in culture in a non-adherent manner. The original pleural effusion fluid and the conditioned media harvested from the tumor cells growing in culture are analyzed by glycoproteomic methods to identify glycosylated proteins being produced by the tumor cells. The cells are grown in culture with defined media in a non-adherent manner for an extended period of time to enrich for the tumor cell populations. These cells are phenotypically characterized for lung, epithelial and tumor markers by immunohistochemistry and/or flow cytometry. Conditioned media is collected from the growing cells and along with the original pleural effusion fluid and the tumor cells analyzed for glycosylated proteins using lectin chromatography followed by the use of glycomic and proteomic methods to analyze N- and O-linked glycans and proteins present in these samples. Our early results indicate that cancer glycosylated proteins CA125 (MUC16), MUC1 and fibronectin are present in the conditioned media samples obtained from the different pleural effusion tumor cell cultures that can also be measured in the original pleural effusion fluids. Not all pleural effusion tumor cells produce the same cancer biomolecules. Interestingly if the tumor cells produced CA125 (MUC16) in their culture media, CA125 was also detected in the original pleural effusion fluid confirming that the biomolecules in the fluid originated from the tumor cells. Another patient sample produced mostly MUC1, but much CA125. Fibronectin was also produced by these cells. Glycomic analysis of the samples shows an enrichment of certain glycan groups (high mannose, fucosylated and sialytic acid) in the conditioned media samples when compared with the original pleural effusion fluid samples showing that these glycan groups and the proteins to which they are attached originate from the tumor cells present in the malignant pleural effusions. The use of malignant pleural effusions from lung cancer patients provides us with an excellent opportunity to study metastatic tumor cells and their local environment without the need for scarce tissue specimens. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4804. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4804
Phase I Study of Patritumab (U3-1287) in Combination with Erlotinib in Japanese Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: H. Murakami, N. Yamamoto, K. Kudo, M. Nishio, H. Kaneda, K. Nakagawa, H. Horinouchi, T. Tamura
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2013)
USEFULNESS OF ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE DIFFUSENESS AND VOLUME BY CORONARY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY FOR PREDICTING CORONARY LESION-SPECIFIC ISCHEMIA BY FRACTIONAL FLOW RESERVE
Authors: Asim Rizvi, Ibrahim Danad, Jackie Szymonifka, Donghee Han, Ji Hyun Lee, Laura Mauri, Martin Leon, Fay Lin, Briain O. Hartaigh, James Min
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Increased Tc-99m MIBI Uptake in Atelectatic Lung: A Pitfall in Scintigraphic Evaluation of Central Bronchogenic Carcinoma
Authors: A Sarikaya, G Pekindil, F G Gümüŝer, T F Cermik, N Erkmen, A Alemdar, M Kaya, G Altun, S Berkarda
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1998)

Tc-99m MIBI accumulation was seen in both tumor and atelectasis in two patients with central bronchogenic carcinoma and in one patient with atelectasis due to tuberculosis. These cases illustrate that Tc-99m MIBI also can accumulate in atelectasis caused by either benign or malignant lung lesions and that this accumulation may overestimate the extent of the tumor or may lead to a misdiagnosis. These potential pitfall should be considered in interpretation of Tc-99m MIBI scintigraphy in patients with lung cancer.
Central Scar in Hepatic Focal Nodular Hyperplasia Revealed by Scintigraphy
Authors: Y Ogawa, I Sakamoto, T Fukuda, A Aziz, R Hashmi, K Hayashi, S Okudaira
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

The authors report a case of focal nodular hyperplasia that showed normal uptake of hepatocyte-specific ligand, Tc-99m galactosyl human serum albumin, and increased radiocolloid uptake. A focal photopenic area in the lesion was shown on SPECT images on both studies. Pathological evaluation of the surgically resected specimen confirmed that the photopenic area corresponded to a central stellate scar.
A Stepwise Approach Using Metabolic Volume and SUVmax to Differentiate Malignancy and Dysplasia From Benign Colonic Uptakes on 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Jong-Ryool Oh, Jung-Joon Min, Ho-Chun Song, Ari Chong, Ga-Eon Kim, Chan Choi, Ji-Hyoung Seo, Hee-Seung Bom
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

The purpose of this study was to suggest a new diagnostic strategy using metabolic volume (MV) and maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) to differentiate malignancy and dysplasia from benign colonic 2-deoxy-2-18F-fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) uptakes.From records of 21,317 consecutive FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scans at 2 centers, 102 focal colonic lesions in 99 patients investigated by colonoscopy and histopathologic examination were eligible for this retrospective study. SUVmax and MV were compared according to colonoscopic and histopathologic results. Firstly, dysplasia was separated from malignancy and benign lesions. Secondly, malignancy and benign lesions were separated from each other. The better parameters of each step were determined, and a diagnostic strategy was developed from their combination.A total of 102 incidental colonic FDG uptakes were revealed as 32 malignancies, 43 dysplasias, and 27 benign lesions. MV better differentiated dysplasia from malignancy and benign lesions (cutoff value, ≤3.14 cm3; area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve [AUC] = 0.947), and SUVmax better differentiated malignancy from benign lesions (cutoff value, >9.1; AUC = 0.934). Overall, the stepwise algorithm using MV and SUVmax (AUC = 0.886) was superior to single measurements of SUVmax (AUC = 0.750) and MV (AUC = 0.714) for differentiating malignancy and dysplasia from benign lesions; sensitivity: 92%, specificity: 85%, accuracy: 90%, positive predictive value: 94%, negative predictive value: 79%.The stepwise approach using MV and SUVmax was able to differentiate malignancy and dysplasia from benign colonic FDG uptakes on PET/CT. Colonic FDG uptake with MV ≤3.14 cm3 had a high probability of dysplasia. MV >3.14 cm3 and SUVmax >9.1 indicated malignancy, whereas MV >3.14 cm3 and SUVmax ≤9.1 indicated benign lesions.
Abstract 62: Inhibition of <i>Men1-</i>deficient tumor growth by inactivation of the Rbp2 histone demethylase
Authors: Wenchu Lin, Joshua Francis, Hideo Watanabe, Qin Yan, William G. Kaelin, Matthew Meyerson
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Abstract: Mutation of the tumor suppressor gene MEN1 causes both human inherited and somatic tumors in multiple endocrine tumors. Dissection of mechanism on MEN1 tumor model will shed light on tumor biology and the targeting therapies on neuroendocrine tumors lacking Men1. Loss of tumor suppressor menin may be tumorigenic because it leads to decreased histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation and therefore decreased expression of specific genes such as CDKN1B. Reversing the tumorigenesis caused by menin deficiency might therefore be achieved by inhibition of histone H3 lysine 4 demethylation. Rbp2 (also known as KDM5A) is an excellent candidate for such a demethylase because loss of the Rbp2 gene leads to increased expression of CDKN1B. Using a tissue-specific knockout approach, I have disrupted Men1 alone or both Men1 and Rbp2 in mouse pancreatic islets through RIP-Cre transgene (RIP = “rat insulin promoter”) and have observed that loss of Rbp2 dramatically inhibits tumor growth in Men1-deficient islets. Histological assays have found that 100 percent of Men1f/f RIP-Cre mice (13 out of 13) at 10 months old or older harbor tumors of the pancreatic islets, whereas only 7 out of 21 Men1f/f; Rbp2f/f RIP-Cre mice contain tumors or large hyperplastic islets. Furthermore, Inactivation of Rbp2 extends the life span of Men1-deficient mice. The median survival age of Men1f/f RIP-Cre mice in this cohort is 313 days, the median survival age of Men1f/f; Rbp2f/f RIP-Cre (n=72) is 486 days (p&amp;lt;0.0001). In addition, a number of targets shared by both Men1 and Rbp2 have been identified via expression profiling. Studies from this project may provide insight to the cause of endocrine tumors and may develop a molecular target for treatment of endocrine tumors and the MEN-1 syndrome through modulation of histone methylation. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 62. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-62
Race and literacy effects on prostate cancer biology and access
Authors: E. A. Lyons, S. J. Knight, M. S. Wolf, A. Arseven, R. M. Golub, K. Kramer, K. M. Colella, P. Ray, J. Cleofe, C. L. Bennett
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

6019 Background: African Americans present with a higher stage of disease for prostate cancer. Multivariate analysis indicates that low literacy rather than race, is the most likely predictor of advanced stage (Bennett, JCO 1998). We evaluate the relation of race and literacy with Gleason score, PSA level and treatment. Methods: Newly diagnosed prostate cancer patients were recruited from three Chicago Hospitals (N=143), including two equal access healthcare systems. Patients completed a demographic questionnaire and a literacy evaluation, using a 66 word standard list, the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine (REALM). Stage of presentation and treatment decision were abstracted from medical records. Results: Patients were primarily African American (76%), of lower socioeconomic status (72%) with an income < $20,000, with low literacy skills (65% with <9th grade) and were older than 65 years of age (60%). Bivariate analysis indicated that race and low literacy were significantly associated with Gleason score and PSA respectively. In a multivariate analysis using literacy, race and age, low literacy was the only significant predictor of PSA > 10ng/mL (OR= 2.8, 95% CI: 1.1–7.7). Of literay, race and age, race was the only predictor for a high Gleason score (OR= 3.0, 95% CI: 1.2–7.1). Neither race nor literacy were significant predictors of treatment for younger or older patients. Conclusions: Low literacy, rather than African American race, is the most significant predictor of elevated PSA at presentation, while race is the most significant predictor of a high gleason score. In order to increase informed decision making about PSA screening, new strategies for health communication need to address the needs of men with lower literacy levels. No significant financial relationships to disclose.