tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
OP0162 Acute Coronary Syndrome in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Are Patients Diagnosed Today Also at Increased Risk?
Authors: M. Holmqvist, L. Ljung, J. Askling
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> We and others have previously demonstrated an increased risk of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) compared to the general population, already within a few years of RA diagnosis. With implementation of more intense therapeutic options and more intense treatment strategies in early RA, risk data from historical RA populations may no longer adequately reflect risks in contemporary patient cohorts. <h3>Objectives</h3> To assess whether patients diagnosed with RA in recent years also are at increased risk of ACS even shortly after RA diagnosis. <h3>Methods</h3> From the Swedish Rheumatology Quality Register, we assembled an incident RA-cohort consisting of patients diagnosed 1997 through 2012 within one year of symptom onset (n 13,128), and a general population comparator (n 113,990, matched 1:10 on year of birth, sex, and area of residency). Information on first time hospitalizations for ACS (ICD 10 codes I21 and I20.0) through 2012 was retrieved from the Swedish Patient register. Individuals with a history of ACS were excluded. Hazard Ratios (HR) were estimated using Cox models taking calendar period of RA diagnosis and RA duration into account. All models were adjusted for the matching factors, age and educational level. <h3>Results</h3> Mean age at RA diagnosis was 57 years, 70% were women. The proportion of patients who initiated a DMARD therapy within the first year following diagnosis increased from 76% 1997-2001 to 89% (2002-2006) and 85% 2007-2012. Among those, the proportion who initiated MTX increased from 60% via 83% to 90%. Median (interquartile range) follow up was 5.3 (6.6) years in both RA patients and comparators. During the entire follow-up of 766,483 person years, 624 RA patients and 3,629 comparators were hospitalized with an incident first-time ACS, overall HR of 1.46 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.34-1.59). Those diagnosed with RA 2007-2012 had similar HRs as patients diagnosed 1997-2001 (table). Patients diagnosed 2007-2012 had a 40% increased risk of ACS 1-&lt;5 years after RA diagnosis, which was also true for patients diagnosed with RA 1997-2001. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Despite intensified and improved treatment strategies in recent years, the short-term risk increase for ACS remains. Identification of and intervention against ACS risk factors should thus be part of early RA management. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Siglec-Engaging Tolerance-Inducing Antigenic Liposomes (STALs) in the Prevention of Peanut Allergy
Authors: Kelly Orgel, Shiteng Duan, James C. Paulson, A. Wesley Burks, Brian P. Vickery, Michael D. Kulis, Matthew S. Macauley
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Preeclampsia and Congenital Heart Defects
Authors: Kristoffer Brodwall, Gottfried Greve, Nina Øyen
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Extramedullary Sites of Involvement in Hematologic Malignancies
Authors: Roger G. Owen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

Article Tools DIAGNOSIS IN ONCOLOGY Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2002.20.1.342 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 11773189 Extramedullary Sites of Involvement in Hematologic Malignancies Case 2. Lymphocyte Morphology in Splenic Marginal Zone Lymphoma Roger G. OwenxRoger G. OwenSearch for articles by this author Show More The General Infirmary at Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2002.20.1.342 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2002 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Sexual Activity during Pregnancy
Authors: Jaroslava Lidova, Alzbeta Stara, Antonin Kouba, Josef Velisek
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

Pregnancy is usually associated with significant regression in genito-genital intercourse frequency, sexual desire and satisfaction. The aim of the study was to determine women's sexual habits during the third trimester of gestation and to compare their sexual activity before the current pregnancy and during previous pregnancies in case of multiparas.The study material consisted of women in the third trimester of pregnancy, recruited from the Outpatient Clinic of the 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw between January 2013 and February 2014, who filled out a self-prepared questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of three parts: demographic data, sexual activity prior to current pregnancy and during gestation, including sexual positions and sources of knowledge regarding the subject. The survey involved 25 questions and was distributed among 220 patients, out of which 165 were returned and 149 properly filled out and analyzed.The average age of the respondents was 29.6 ± 4.85 years; the majority (78.8%) were in an uncomplicated pregnancy. The decrease in sexual activity was evident in all age groups--the majority usually had sex 1 to 3 times a month in contrast to 1-2 times a week prior to conceiving. Sexual activity decreased significantly with increasing age. The main reasons for abandoning sexual activity included: decreased libido (35.5%), the doctor's suggestion (29%) and fears concerning child's health (29%). During pregnancy the frequency of vaginal intercourse significantly decreased (100% prior to vs. 86.6% during pregnancy; p < 0.001); as did oral sex (44.3% vs. 29.5%; p = 0.043) and anal sex (12% vs. 5.4%; p = 0.02). 54% of the respondents declared reduced satisfaction with sexual life during pregnancy in comparison with the previous period; almost half (43.5%) felt less attractive while pregnant. The same claim was related to libido--it decreased in 58.8% of respondents. Multiparas tended to have sexual intercourses less often in consecutive pregnancies (41.2%) or with an equal frequency (35.3%). The main source of knowledge about sexual life during pregnancy listed by women included internet and other media (63.5%), while medical staff was mentioned by 30%.Sexual activity decreases during gestation, however, it often result from an increased fear for the child and lack of possibilities to confront and broaden the knowledge on this subject. The role of medical staff in consulting sexual activity problems is insufficient.
Lesson of the Week: Recurrent pelvic endometriosis and bilateral ureteric obstruction associated with hormone replacement therapy
Authors: R J Brough, K O'Flynn
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Between 2.5% and 15% of women of reproductive age have endometriosis,1 yet the ureter is only rarely affected.2 We report the case of a patient presenting with bilateral ureteric obstruction secondary to recurrent endometriosis. She had previously undergone a total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophrectomy for endometriosis and had been taking unopposed oestrogen for postmenopausal symptoms in the five years after surgery.

A 47 year old health care worker was suddenly admitted to hospital; she complained of three months of increasing bilateral loin pain, change in bowel habit, and general malaise. Six years earlier she had had a hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophrectomy for endometriosis. Surgery showed that she had extensive disease in the pelvis with adhesions obliterating the pouch of Douglas. She was given a six month course of danazol because of the likelihood of residual disease. Histological examination of the ovaries and uterus showed extensive endometriosis affecting the peritoneum and both ovaries, with haemorrhagic adhesions throughout the specimen. Hormone replacement therapy in the form of a combined oestrogen and progestogen pill was offered after the course of danazol, but the patient declined.

Two years after surgery she complained …
Loss of Adult Cardiac Myocyte GSK-3 Leads to Mitotic Catastrophe Resulting in Fatal Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Jibin Zhou, Firdos Ahmad, Shan Parikh, Nichole E. Hoffman, Sudarsan Rajan, Vipin K. Verma, Jianliang Song, Ancai Yuan, Santhanam Shanmughapriya, Yuanjun Guo, Erhe Gao, Walter Koch, James R. Woodgett, Muniswamy Madesh, Raj Kishore, Hind Lal, Thomas Force
Journal: Circulation Research (2016)

Rationale: Cardiac myocyte–specific deletion of either glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3α and GSK-3β leads to cardiac protection after myocardial infarction, suggesting that deletion of both isoforms may provide synergistic protection. This is an important consideration because of the fact that all GSK-3–targeted drugs, including the drugs already in clinical trial target both isoforms of GSK-3, and none are isoform specific. Objective: To identify the consequences of combined deletion of cardiac myocyte GSK-3α and GSK-3β in heart function. Methods and Results: We generated tamoxifen-inducible cardiac myocyte–specific mice lacking both GSK-3 isoforms (double knockout). We unexpectedly found that cardiac myocyte GSK-3 is essential for cardiac homeostasis and overall survival. Serial echocardiographic analysis reveals that within 2 weeks of tamoxifen treatment, double-knockout hearts leads to excessive dilatative remodeling and ventricular dysfunction. Further experimentation with isolated adult cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts from double-knockout implicated cardiac myocytes intrinsic factors responsible for observed phenotype. Mechanistically, loss of GSK-3 in adult cardiac myocytes resulted in induction of mitotic catastrophe, a previously unreported event in cardiac myocytes. Double-knockout cardiac myocytes showed cell cycle progression resulting in increased DNA content and multinucleation. However, increased cell cycle activity was rivaled by marked activation of DNA damage, cell cycle checkpoint activation, and mitotic catastrophe–induced apoptotic cell death. Importantly, mitotic catastrophe was also confirmed in isolated adult cardiac myocytes. Conclusions: Together, our findings suggest that cardiac myocyte GSK-3 is required to maintain normal cardiac homeostasis, and its loss is incompatible with life because of cell cycle dysregulation that ultimately results in a severe fatal dilated cardiomyopathy.
Cardiovascular disease in the tropics. III. Blood pressure and hypertension.
Authors: A. G. Shaper
Journal: BMJ (1972)

In most populations the mean blood pressure level in males and females rises progressively with increasing age. This gradual increase in blood pressure is not a benign process and there is an increasing morbidity and mortality as the pressure rises, even at levels which most clinicians would accept as normal. There is no clear dividing line in these populations between normal and abnormal, and most workers would agree that what we call es sential hypertension represents the upper end of a frequency distribution curve. Nevertheless, there are communities in whom blood pressure does not rise with age and in whom the problem of essential hypertension and its complications appears to be virtually non-existent. I must emphasize that in the vast majority of tropical communities blood pressure patterns are similar to those seen in the economically advanced countries of the world. I am speaking of the exceptional minorities.
Cocaine psychoses: a continuum model
Authors: R M Post
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1975)

The author describes an orderly progression of clinical syndromes (euphoria, dysphoria, paranoid psychosis) with cocaine use that is related to dosage, chronicity, and genetic and experiential predispositions. That affective alternations are caused by a drug which also produces a schizophreniform psychosis suggests a continuum with implications for understanding the endogenous psychoses. The author emphasizes that alternations in the same neurotransmitter substances may be involved in these multiple psychiatric syndromes, which contrasts with previous "one illness, one transmitter" models.
Abstract 36: Sedentary Behavior and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Among US Hispanic/Latino Adults: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)
Authors: Qibin Qi, Garrett Strizich, Gina Merchant, Christina Buelna, Sheila F Castañeda, Linda C Gallo, Jianwen Cai, Marc D Gellman, Carmen Isasi, Ashley E Moncrieft, Lisa A Sanchez-Johnsen, Neil Schneiderman, Robert Kaplan
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Sedentary behavior is recognized as a distinct construct that is qualitatively different from lack of physical activity and it has been suggested to be associated with increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases. Data on relationship between objectively measured sedentary behavior and cardiometabolic biomarkers are sparse, especially among US Hispanics/Latinos. Methods: Sedentary behavior and physical activity were measured using Acticala accelerometers for a 7-day period in 12,443 participants from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, a population-based study of Hispanics/Latinos aged 18-74 years recruited from randomly selected households in 4 US cities conducted between 2008 and 2011. Participants with at least 10-hour/day of accelerometer wear on at least three days were included in the current analysis. Sedentary behavior was defined as average accelerometer counts per minute <100. Sedentary time was standardized to 16-hour/day of wear time. Results: The mean sedentary tim...
KLF4 Is Essential for Induction of Cellular Identity Change and Acinar-to-Ductal Reprogramming during Early Pancreatic Carcinogenesis
Authors: Daoyan Wei, Liang Wang, Yongmin Yan, Zhiliang Jia, Mihai Gagea, Zhiwei Li, Xiangsheng Zuo, Xiangyu Kong, Suyun Huang, Keping Xie
Journal: Cancer Cell (2016)
P101 FK stimulation of hepatitis C virus-specific and nonspecific peripheral blood mononuclear cell of patients on waiting list to evaluate and tailor immunosuppresion before orthotopic liver transplantation
Authors: A Perrella, G Ioia, C Esposito, O Cuomo
Journal: Gut (2010)

Introduction  We previously found that FK did not induce a severe reduction of immune response compared to other clacineurin inhibitor (ILTS 2009 oral presentation).  Aim  We aimed to evaluate the in vitro effect of tacrolimus on hepatitis C virus (HCV)-specific immune response by ELISpot to establish early the possible effect of immunosuppression and so tailoring immunosuppressive schedule before OLTx to minimize or delay HCV recurrence.  Method  Twenty-five HCV+ve patients (20 male and 5 female) on waiting list were enrolled. Blood samples were taken and at least on 2–2.5×10 5  cells per well ELISpot was performed to evaluate IFN-specific response after coculturing with 1 ng/ml or 5 ng/ml of FK for 24 h. CMV and a specific stimulation with PMI-Ionomicin were used as control on HCV patients. Ten healthy donors were used as control.  Results  After 24 h of FK stimulation, PMA-Ion IFN-response was reduced in all patients (p  Conclusion  Based on these results and our previous data, ELISpot assay before OLTx may useful to establish the impact of immunosuppressive schedule. In those having a major reduction of HCV specific immune response after CNI stimulation (FK) a different drug should be used to minimize or delay the possible HCV recurrence. Further studies are required to establish in vitro effects.
Variability of prostate brachytherapy preimplant dosimetry: A multi-institutional analysis
Authors: G. Merrick, W. Butler, K. Wallner, J. Blasko, J. Michalski, J. Aronowitz, P. Grimm, B. Moran, P. McLaughlin, J. Usher, Z. Allen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

4558 Background: To conduct a multi-institutional comparison of prostate brachytherapy preimplant dosimetry for Pd-103 and I-125. Methods: Eight experienced brachytherapists submitted Pd-103 and I-125 monotherapeutic and boost preimplant dosimetry plans for central review. All 32 plans were calculated using the same transrectal ultrasound volumetric study. Seeds of any strength were acceptable, but were restricted to Theraseed Model 200 (Theragenics, Inc, Buford, GA) and Amersham Oncoseed 6711 (Oncura, Plymouth Meeting, PA). The dosimetric analysis included evaluation of target volume, target to prostate ratio, target length, number of needles, seed activity, number of seeds, total activity, total activity divided by treatment planning volume, the use of extracapsular seeds, and average treatment margins (defined as the perpendicular distance between the prostate capsule and the 100% isodose line). Prostate coverage was defined in terms of V100/150/ 200/300 and D100/90/50 while urethral dosimetry consisted of UV100/150/200 and UD90/50. Results: The mean planning target volume to prostate volume ratio varied dramatically (mean 1.29, range 0.99 - 1.76) with the target length ranging from 3.5 to 4.5 cm. Although the prostate V100 was > 95% in all cases, the V150 ranged from 29.9 to 92.1% and the V200 from 6.72% to 52.5%. The urethra V100 was 100% in all cases with 6 of the 8 brachytherapists limiting the UV150 to < 3%. However, the median urethral dose varied by up to 50%. Treatment margins also varied significantly (average 3.98 mm, range 0.32 - 7.68 mm). All brachytherapists used extracapsular seeds with five implanting > 25% of the seeds in extracapsular locations (range 6.4% - 58.2%). In addition, significant variability existed in the number of needles, the number of seeds, and seed strength. Conclusions: This study highlights that although prostate brachytherapy prescription doses are uniform, substantial variability exists regarding target volume, seed strength, dose homogeneity, treatment margins and extracapsular seed placement. The standardization of preimplant dosimetry is essential for meaningful multi-institutional comparisons of biochemical outcomes and morbidity. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Induction of Pancreatic Carcinomas in Rats With &lt;italic&gt;N&lt;/italic&gt;-Nitroso(2-hydroxypropyl)(2-oxopropyl)amine: Histopathology&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: D S Longnecker, B D Roebuck, E T Kuhlmann, T J Curphey
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

The carcinogenicity of N-nitroso(2-hydroxypropyl)(2-oxopropyl)amine (HPOP) for rat pancreas was evaluated. Two-week-old male LEW rats were given a single ip injection of HPOP, 160 mg/kg body weight; the rats were autopsied 4, 6, or 12 months later. Histologic examination showed that the pancreata contained multiple foci of atypical acinar cells and nodules of atypical acinar cells (AACN), acinar cell adenomas, localized carcinomas, and carcinomas. The incidence of carcinomas was 77%. The carcinomas were composed of poorly differentiated acinar cells and ductlike structures. Pancreatic ducts were unaffected. The prominence of AACN, the histologic type of the neoplasms, and the absence of hyperplastic changes in ductal epithelium suggest that the pancreatic carcinomas were derived from acinar cells. The incidence of liver cell carcinomas and pulmonary adenomas was similar to that of localized pancreatic carcinomas. Neoplasms of other organs were less frequent. HPOP has been shown to induce pancreatic carcinomas in hamsters but has not previously been reported to be a pancreatic carcinogen in rats.
Modulation of insulin-like growth factors (IGF I-II) and IGF binding-protein 3 (IGFBP-3) through exercise training in women with breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Authors: Jose F Meneses-Echavez, Robinson Ramirez-Velez, Emilio Gonzalez-Jimenez, Jacqueline Schmidt Rio-Valle, Maria Jose Sanchez Perez, Esther Molina Montes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

120 Background: Epidemiological data suggest that Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and IGF binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) are associated with breast cancer risk, apoptosis and other carcinogenic mechanisms. This metaanalysis evaluates the effects of exercise interventions in controlling serum concentrations of Insulin-like growth factors (IGF1-IGF2) and IGFBP-3 in women with breast cancer. Methods: We incorporated the PRISMA statement. Databases of MEDLINE, Ovid, EMBASE and Cochrane Central Registers were searched to identify randomized controlled trials until March 2014, reporting effect estimates for IGF-1, IGF-2, IGFBP-3 and other secondary outcomes such as insulin, glucose and waist circumference as a body composition measure. An Inverse of variance (IV) with Mantel–Haenszel method was selected for analysis, and a random-effects models were used to assess the pooled estimates in addition to sensitivity analyses, whilst heterogeneity was evaluated using the Chi 2 test (P&lt;0.10) and I 2 statistics (I 2 &gt;50%).STATA 12.0 was used for metaanalysis procedures. Results: Six studies were included in the pooled analysis involving 321 patients. Effect estimates showed that exercise training improved IGF-1 (MD= -12.9, 95CI% -16.73 to -9.14, P&lt;0.001), IGF-2 (MD= -43.4, 95CI% -58.5 to -28.3, P&lt;0.001), IGFBP-3 (MD= -0.61, 95CI% -0.69 to -0.53, P&lt;0.001) and waist circumference (MD= -1.133, 95CI% -2.20 to -0.05, P=0.03) in women with breast cancer. Conversely, non-significant differences were observed for Insulin (MD= 0.046, 95CI% -0.24 to 0.34, P=0.7), Glucose (MD=0.22, 95CI% -0.32 to 0.78, P=0.419) and Insulin Resistance (MD= 0.64, 95CI% -0.006 to 1.29, P= 0.06). There was no evidence of publication bias. Conclusions: Exercise is an effective and safe intervention in improving the serum concentrations of insulin like growth factors (IGF1-IGF2) and IGFBP-3 in women with breast cancer, strengthening the physiological effects of exercise in regulating cellular proliferation and apoptosis in breast cancer. Further evidences are encouraged.