tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
High Ureteral Injuries
Authors: James D. Hardy
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Autotransplantation of the kidney provides a means of preserving renal function without nephrostomy when high ureteral injury cannot otherwise be corrected. A case is reported in which the right ureter, placed behind an aortic prothesis 6 yr earlier, was unwittingly severed during resection of a large aneurysmal homograft with insertion of a Teflon bifurcation replacement. The ureteroureteral anastomosis became strictured. The left kidney was hydronephrotic and right nephrostomy was associated with repeated infection. The right kidney was successfully transplanted to the right iliac fossa, the renal artery being anastomosed to the external iliac artery and the renal vein to the external iliac vein. The ureteral segment was readily implanted into the bladder. Postoperative studies revealed increasingly efficient function of the autotransplanted kidney as reflected by indigo carmine excretion, renal scanograms, and excretory urogram.
Acupuncture and Chinese herbal medicine in the treatment of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis: a randomized‐controlled clinical trial
Authors: B. Brinkhaus, J. Hummelsberger, R. Kohnen, J. Seufert, C.‐H. Hempen, H. Leonhardy, R. Nögel, S. Joos, E. Hahn, D. Schuppan
Journal: Allergy (2004)

Background: Patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) increasingly use complementary medicine. The aim of this study was to determine whether traditional Chinese therapy is efficacious in patients suffering from seasonal AR. Methods: Fifty‐two patients between the ages of 20 and 58 who had typical symptoms of seasonal AR were assigned randomly and in a blinded fashion to (i) an active treatment group which received a semi‐standardized treatment of acupuncture and Chinese herbal medicine, and (ii) a control group which received acupuncture applied to non‐acupuncture points in addition to a non‐specific Chinese herbal formula. All patients received acupuncture treatment once per week and the respective Chinese herbal formula as a decoction three times daily for a total of 6 weeks. Assessments were performed before, during, and 1 week after treatment. The change in severity of hay fever symptoms was the primary outcome measured on a visual analogue scale (VAS). Results: Compared with patients in the control group, patients in the active treatment group showed a significant after‐treatment improvement on the VAS ( P = 0.006) and Rhinitis Quality of Life Questionnaire ( P = 0.015). Improvement on the Global Assessment of Change Scale was noted in 85% of active treatment group participants vs 40% in the control group ( P = 0.048). No differences between the two groups could be detected with the Allergic Rhinitis Symptom Questionnaire. Both treatments were well‐tolerated. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that traditional Chinese therapy may be an efficacious and safe treatment option for patients with seasonal AR.
On Chronic Nasopharyngeal Infection, Chronic Toxaemia, and Distressed Heart in Children
Authors: C. P. Lapage
Journal: BMJ (1921)

DBatTm-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ know when this is goinfg to happen; and it is therefore seldom safe to order less than the three months' course from the date of the last relapse.The comparative virtues of the various einclhona alkaloids and their salts and of different modes of administration cannot be dealt with here; and discussion of the best means of treating tlle rare intractable cases would also be out of place, though I must repeat that in my opinion such are due to natural or acquired quinine resistance in the host and not in the parasite.It is a misfortune for the whole Empire that, in spite of the loss of millions of pounds over tlle Salonica malaria, more investigation on such points is not now being carried on.But our Governments are incorrigible on the subject of researchl.With regard to continuous medication in other infections, it appears to me probable that the quiek cures which are often reported (especially in spirochaete infections) are really due elliefly to the patient's parasiticidal bodies, to whiceh tlle curative"druLg only adds the finishing toueh.We may possibly, however, find drugs whieh possess more imiarked reduction rates (for multiplying parasites) than those slhown in tlle table.At our clinic many of us have had very encouraging results as regards intestinal amoebae from a form of continuous medication with ipecacuanha 8uggested by Colonel Drake-Brockman, and similar to that wlhiclh we employ in nialaria.I give from 3 to 10 grains of powdered ipecacuanha in pill, without anv adjuvant, on an empty stomiach at bedtime every niglt for month's without fail.Others give the drug in powder or cachet, or add small doses of Dover's powder.The principle involved seems to be the same as that which I have endeavouired to indicate, as briefly as possible, in this paper.
Calling on a million minds for community annotation in WikiProteins
Authors: Barend Mons, Michael Ashburner, Christine Chichester, Erik van Mulligen, Marc Weeber, Johan den Dunnen, Gert-Jan van Ommen, Mark Musen, Matthew Cockerill, Henning Hermjakob, Albert Mons, Abel Packer, Roberto Pacheco, Suzanna Lewis, Alfred Berkeley, William Melton, Nickolas Barris, Jimmy Wales, Gerard Meijssen, Erik Moeller, Peter Jan Roes, Katy Borner, Amos Bairoch
Journal: Genome biology (2008)

Abstract WikiProteins enables community annotation in a Wiki-based system. Extracts of major data sources have been fused into an editable environment that links out to the original sources. Data from community edits create automatic copies of the original data. Semantic technology captures concepts co-occurring in one sentence and thus potential factual statements. In addition, indirect associations between concepts have been calculated. We call on a 'million minds' to annotate a 'million concepts' and to collect facts from the literature with the reward of collaborative knowledge discovery. The system is available for beta testing at http://www.wikiprofessional.org .
Expression and function of soluble guanylate cyclase in pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: R. T. Schermuly, J-P. Stasch, S. S. Pullamsetti, R. Middendorff, D. Müller, K-D. Schlüter, A. Dingendorf, S. Hackemack, E. Kolosionek, C. Kaulen, R. Dumitrascu, N. Weissmann, J. Mittendorf, W. Klepetko, W. Seeger, H. A. Ghofrani, F. Grimminger
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2008)

Alterations of the nitric oxide receptor, soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) may contribute to the pathophysiology of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). In the present study, the expression of sGC in explanted lung tissue of PAH patients was studied and the effects of the sGC stimulator BAY 63-2521 on enzyme activity, and haemodynamics and vascular remodelling were investigated in two independent animal models of PAH. Strong upregulation of sGC in pulmonary arterial vessels in the idiopathic PAH lungs compared with healthy donor lungs was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry. Upregulation of sGC was detected, similarly to humans, in the structurally remodelled smooth muscle layer in chronic hypoxic mouse lungs and lungs from monocrotaline (MCT)-injected rats. BAY 63-2521 is a novel, orally available compound that directly stimulates sGC and sensitises it to its physiological stimulator, nitric oxide. Chronic treatment of hypoxic mice and MCT-injected rats, with fully established PAH, with BAY 63-2521 (10 mg·kg −1 ·day −1 ) partially reversed the PAH, the right heart hypertrophy and the structural remodelling of the lung vasculature. Upregulation of soluble guanylate cyclase in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells was noted in human idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension lungs and lungs from animal models of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Stimulation of soluble guanylate cyclase reversed right heart hypertrophy and structural lung vascular remodelling. Soluble guanylate cyclase may thus offer a new target for therapeutic intervention in pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Recovery After Prolonged Asystolic Cardiac Arrest in Profound Hypothermia
Authors: Frederick S. Southwick
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Asystole can be the presenting ECG finding of accidental hypothermia when the core temperature is less than 28 degrees C. Even two hours of persistent asystole does not represent irreversible cardiac compromise. With cardiopulmonary support and active rewarming, resuscitation and survival without serious sequelae can be achieved. Case reports and electrophysiology studies suggest that asystole is a primary manifestation of hypothermia potentiated by carbon dioxide retention. However, ventricular fibrillation in this setting is probably a secondary complication of resuscitation efforts, being precipitated by hypocapnic alkalosis, physical manipulation of the heart, and rewarming.
Doxorubicin versus doxorubicin and cisplatin in endometrial carcinoma: definitive results of a randomised study (55872) by the EORTC Gynaecological Cancer Group
Authors: M.S. Aapro, F.H. van Wijk, G. Bolis, B. Chevallier, M.E.L. van der Burg, A. Poveda, C.F. de Oliveira, S. Tumolo, V. Scotto di Palumbo, M. Piccart, M. Franchi, F. Zanaboni, A.J. Lacave, R. Fontanelli, G. Favalli, P. Zola, J.P. Guastalla, R. Rosso, C. Marth, M. Nooij, M. Presti, C. Scarabelli, T.A.W. Splinter, E. Ploch, L.V.A. Beex, W. ten Bokkel Huinink, M. Forni, M. Melpignano, P. Blake, P. Kerbrat, C. Mendiola, A. Cervantes, A. Goupil, P.G. Harper, C. Madronal, M. Namer, G. Scarfone, J.E.G.M. Stoot, I. Teodorovic, C. Coens, I. Vergote, J.B. Vermorken
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2003)
Role of nitric oxide in the vasodilator effect of recombinant human growth hormone in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: K J Osterziel, S M Bode-Böger, O Strohm, A E Ellmer, N Bit-Avragim, D Hänlein, M B Ranke, R Dietz, R H Böger
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2000)

Objective: Dilated cardiomyopathy is characterized by elevated arterial vascular resistance and impaired nitric oxide (NO)-dependent vasodilation. Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) has been shown to stimulate endothelial NO-synthase resulting in endothelium-dependent vasodilation. Growth hormone (GH) substitution therapy leads in GH-deficient patients to significant increases of IGF-I which may alter systemic vascular resistance by stimulating NO production. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of treatment with recombinant human growth hormone (GH) on NO production and NO-dependent vascular effects in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Methods: 50 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy were randomly assigned to double-blind treatment with 2 I.U. of GH or placebo for 3 months. Central hemodynamics were determined by Swan-Ganz catheter and cardiac output was obtained by the thermodilution method. Serum GH and IGF-I levels were measured and systemic NO production was determined from urinary nitrate and cyclic GMP excretion rates in 42 patients. Results: GH treatment caused in comparison to the placebo group a significant increase of IGF-I by 91 ng/ml (P=0.0001). Urinary excretion rates of nitrate and cyclic GMP increased also significantly by 38 μmol/mmol creatinine (P=0.027) and 65 nmol/mmol creatinine (P=0.003), respectively. The parallel increase of both marker molecules indicates increased systemic NO production during GH treatment. Conclusion: GH treatment induces a significant, but moderate increase of systemic NO production in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. This effect may be mediated by IGF-I stimulating endothelial NO synthase.
Letter: Influenza vaccination.
Authors: J Avison
Journal: BMJ (1973)

made monthly during the trial but in general they were badly recorded.Complete tablet counts were obtained for all 31 Glasgow patients but for only 6 of the 61 patients attending other centres, and the influence of the regularity of taking medication could not therefore be assessed.Data from Glasgow patients indicate that relapse was more likely in those patients who did not take their medication regularly, but the number of cases from this one centre was too small for any firm conclusion to be drawn.However, it would not be too surprising if patients took medication more regularly when regularly ask-d to return unused medication at each visit to the clinic.Dr. Leff bolsters his case by referring to the clinical arrangements made in Glasgow, and this requires some clarification.One of the difficulties in conducting this trial was that a great many patients referred to the
A good night for a bad day
Authors: L Guilleminault, M-H Sigmann, F Paganin
Journal: Thorax (2015)

A 40-year-old-man was admitted to the emergency department for sudden dyspnoea. He had no medical history. He had given up smoking a few years back having had a cigarette consumption of 10 packs/year. He stopped drinking alcohol 2 months ago. He had been a drug (heroin and cocaine) misuser for 15 years. Methadone had been introduced as a substitution therapy since 2012. He came back from a journey to China 1 month beforehand. The day of admission, he awoke with dyspnoea and a dry cough.

In the emergency room, he had no fever, and lung and cardiac auscultation was normal. Oxygen saturation was 94% and the respiratory rate was over 20/min. Laboratory findings showed an increase in the leucocyte count at 18.1 …
Metformin, Cancer, Alphabet Soup, and the Role of Epidemiology in Etiologic Research
Authors: Bruce B. Duncan, Maria I. Schmidt
Journal: Diabetes Care (2009)

Libby et al. (1), in this issue of Diabetes Care , report a lower incidence of a broad range of cancers among diabetic patients treated with metformin. Specifically, by linking data from a population-based diabetes registry with those from a drug use registry and a cancer registry, they effectively followed medication use in over 8,000 diabetic individuals and ascertained over 700 incident cancers. They found, over a 10-year period, that metformin use was associated with a 54% (95% CI 47–60) lower crude and a 37% (25–47) lower adjusted incidence of cancer. From the survival analysis they performed adjusting for age, sex, BMI, smoking status, and a social deprivation index, one can estimate the association in absolute terms: considering the cancer rate of 11.6% for non–metformin users, for every 23 patients receiving metformin in this cohort one fewer developed cancer (number needed to treat = 1/[0.37 × 0.116]). Their findings are internally consistent. In patients with the longest history of metformin use prior to cancer onset, incidence tended to be lowest. Metformin users who developed cancer also had a greater survival postdiagnosis. A protective association of similar degree was documented against lung, bowel, and breast cancer.

Because these findings come from a large cohort study constructed with record linkage rather than from a randomized clinical trial, they require trial confirmation prior to clinical application. Nevertheless, they add to a rapidly growing literature suggesting, on the basis of a plausible mechanism and consistent empirical findings in both laboratory animals and humans, that metformin not only exerts a major protective effect against the development of a wide range of cancers but also improves prognosis in those found to have these cancers.

In addition to a preliminary report based on the same diabetes registry (2), the findings of three other studies are in consonance …
Short <i>KIR</i> Haplotypes in Pygmy Chimpanzee (Bonobo) Resemble the Conserved Framework of Diverse Human <i>KIR</i> Haplotypes
Authors: Raja Rajalingam, Mei Hong, Erin J. Adams, Benny P. Shum, Lisbeth A. Guethlein, Peter Parham
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2001)

Some pygmy chimpanzees (also called Bonobos) give much simpler patterns of hybridization on Southern blotting with killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) cDNA probes than do either humans or common chimpanzees. Characterization of KIRs from pygmy chimpanzees having simple and complex banding patterns identified nine different KIRs, representing seven genes. Five of these genes have orthologs in the common chimpanzee, and three of them (KIRCI, KIR2DL4, and KIR2DL5) also have human orthologs. The remaining two genes are KIR3D paralogous to the human and common chimpanzee major histocompatibility complex A- and/or -B-specific KIRs. Within a pygmy chimpanzee family, KIR haplotypes were defined. Simple patterns on Southern blot were due to inheritance of "short" KIR haplotypes containing only three KIR genes, KIRCI, KIR2DL4, and KIR3D, each of which represents one of the three major KIR lineages. These three genes in pygmy chimpanzees or their corresponding genes in humans and common chimpanzees form the conserved "framework" common to all KIR haplotypes in these species and upon which haplotypic diversity is built. The fecundity and health of individual pygmy chimpanzees who are homozygotes for short KIR haplotypes attest to the viability of short KIR haplotypes, indicating that they can provide minimal, essential KIRs for the natural killer and T cells of the hominoid immune system.
Endothelial Cells Promote Cardiac Myocyte Survival and Spatial Reorganization
Authors: Daria A. Narmoneva, Rada Vukmirovic, Michael E. Davis, Roger D. Kamm, Richard T. Lee
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Endothelial-cardiac myocyte (CM) interactions play a key role in regulating cardiac function, but the role of these interactions in CM survival is unknown. This study tested the hypothesis that endothelial cells (ECs) promote CM survival and enhance spatial organization in a 3-dimensional configuration.Microvascular ECs and neonatal CMs were seeded on peptide hydrogels in 1 of 3 experimental configurations: CMs alone, CMs mixed with ECs (coculture), or CMs seeded on preformed EC networks (prevascularized). Capillary-like networks formed by ECs promoted marked CM reorganization along the EC structures, in contrast to limited organization of CMs cultured alone. The presence of ECs markedly inhibited CM apoptosis and necrosis at all time points. In addition, CMs on preformed EC networks resulted in significantly less CM apoptosis and necrosis compared with simultaneous EC-CM seeding (P<0.01, ANOVA). Furthermore, ECs promoted synchronized contraction of CMs as well as connexin 43 expression.These results provide direct evidence for a novel role of endothelium in survival and organization of nearby CMs. Successful strategies for cardiac regeneration may therefore depend on establishing functional CM-endothelium interactions.
BEAM-alemtuzumab reduced-intensity allogeneic stem cell transplantation for lymphoproliferative diseases: GVHD, toxicity, and survival in 65 patients
Authors: Rowena D. Faulkner, Charles Craddock, Jennifer L. Byrne, Prem Mahendra, Andrew P. Haynes, Hugh G. Prentice, Michael Potter, Antonio Pagliuca, Aloysius Ho, Stephen Devereux, Grant McQuaker, Ghulam Mufti, John Liu Yin, Nigel H. Russell
Journal: Blood (2003)
Available evidence and new biological perspectives on medical treatment of advanced thymic epithelial tumors
Authors: D. Serpico, A. Trama, E.R. Haspinger, F. Agustoni, L. Botta, R. Berardi, G. Palmieri, P. Zucali, R. Gallucci, M. Broggini, G. Gatta, U. Pastorino, G. Pelosi, F. de Braud, M.C. Garassino
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Membrane Proteinase 3 Expression in Patients with Wegener’s Granulomatosis and in Human Hematopoietic Stem Cell–Derived Neutrophils
Authors: Adrian Schreiber, Bjoern Otto, Xinsheng Ju, Martin Zenke, Ursula Goebel, Friedrich C. Luft, Ralph Kettritz
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2005)

A large membrane proteinase 3 (mPR3)-positive neutrophil subset (mPR3high) is a risk for Wegener's granulomatosis (WG). The relationship between mPR3 expression and clinical manifestations was investigated in 81 WG patients and mPR3 expression was studied in CD34+ stem cell-derived human neutrophils. The mPR3high neutrophil percentage correlated with renal function, anemia, and albumin at the time of presentation. The mPR3high neutrophil percentage and renal failure severity correlated directly after 5 yr. For elucidating mechanisms that govern mPR3 expression, studies were conducted to determine whether the genetic information that governs mPR3 expression resides within the neutrophils, even without stimuli possibly related to disease. CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells were differentiated to neutrophils, and their mPR3 expression was determined. A two-step amplification/differentiation protocol was used to differentiate human CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells into neutrophils with G-CSF. The cells progressively expressed the neutrophil surface markers CD66b, CD35, and CD11b. The ferricytochrome C assay demonstrated a strong respiratory burst at day 14 in response to PMA but none at day 0. Intracellular PR3 was detectable from day 4 by Western blotting. An increasing percentage of a mPR3-positive neutrophil subset became detectable by flow cytometry, whereas a second subset remained negative, consistent with a bimodal expression. Finally, human PR3-anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies induced a stronger respiratory burst, compared with human control IgG in stem cell-derived neutrophils. Taken together, these studies underscore the clinical importance of the WG mPR3 phenotype. The surface mPR3 on resting cells is probably genetically determined rather than being dictated by external factors.
Cutaneous IgA-associated vasculitis induced by alcohol
Authors: I.C. Chua, C.R. Aldridge, A.Y. Finlay, P.E. Williams
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

A patient with elevated levels of serum IgA developed purpuric lesions histologically resembling Henoch-Schönlein purpura brought on by consuming alcohol. Alcohol challenge with 5 units of alcohol reproduced the lesions, with a rapid rise of circulating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells followed by a fall of serum IgA and C3 concentration. The skin lesions and serum abnormalities resolved spontaneously within 6 weeks of the alcohol challenge.
Raman imaging at biological interfaces: applications in breast cancer diagnosis
Authors: Jakub Surmacki, Jacek Musial, Radzislaw Kordek, Halina Abramczyk
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2013)

Abstract Background One of the most important areas of Raman medical diagnostics is identification and characterization of cancerous and noncancerous tissues. The methods based on Raman scattering has shown significant potential for probing human breast tissue to provide valuable information for early diagnosis of breast cancer. A vibrational fingerprint from the biological tissue provides information which can be used to identify, characterize and discriminate structures in breast tissue, both in the normal and cancerous environment. Results The paper reviews recent progress in understanding structure and interactions at biological interfaces of the human tissue by using confocal Raman imaging and IR spectroscopy. The important differences between the noncancerous and cancerous human breast tissues were found in regions characteristic for vibrations of carotenoids, fatty acids, proteins, and interfacial water. Particular attention was paid to the role played by unsaturated fatty acids and their derivatives as well as carotenoids and interfacial water. Conclusions We demonstrate that Raman imaging has reached a clinically relevant level in regard to breast cancer diagnosis applications. The results presented in the paper may have serious implications on understanding mechanisms of interactions in living cells under realistically crowded conditions of biological tissue.