tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Kinetics of tumor size and peritumoral brain edema before, during, and after systemic therapy in recurrent WHO grade II or III meningioma
Authors: Julia Furtner, Veronika Schöpf, Katharina Seystahl, Emilie Le Rhun, Roberta Rudà, Ulrich Roelcke, Susanne Koeppen, Anna Sophie Berghoff, Christine Marosi, Paul Clement, Marina Faedi, Colin Watts, Wolfgang Wick, Riccardo Soffietti, Michael Weller, Matthias Preusser
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

The efficacy of systemic antineoplastic therapy on recurrent World Health Organization (WHO) grades II and III meningiomas is unclear. We performed a retrospective multicenter analysis of serial cranial MRI in patients with recurrent WHO II and III meningiomas treated with antineoplastic systemic therapies. Growth rates for tumor volume and diameter, as well as change rates for edema size, were calculated for all lesions. We identified a total of 34 patients (23 atypical, 11 anaplastic meningiomas) with a total of 57 meningioma lesions who had been treated at 6 European institutions. Systemic therapies included bevacizumab, cytotoxic chemotherapy, somatostatin analogues, and tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Overall, tumor growth rates decreased during systemic therapy by 51% for tumor diameter and 14% for tumor volume growth rates compared with the period before initiation of systemic therapy. The most pronounced decrease in meningioma growth rates during systemic therapy was evident in patients treated with bevacizumab, with a reduction of 80% in diameter and 59% in volume growth. Furthermore, a decrease in size of peritumoral edema after initiation of systemic therapy was exclusively observed in patients treated with bevacizumab (−107%). Our data indicate that systemic therapy may inhibit growth of recurrent WHO grades II and III meningiomas to some extent. In our small cohort, bevacizumab had the most pronounced inhibitory effect on tumor growth, as well as some anti-edematous activity. Prospective studies are needed to better define the role of medical therapies in this tumor type.
Authors’ reply: diagnostic challenges to be considered regarding Zika virus in the context of the presence of the vector Aedes albopictus in Europe
Authors: Giulietta Venturi, Lorenzo Zammarchi, Claudia Fortuna, Maria Elena Remoli, Eleonora Benedetti, Cristiano Fiorentini, Michele Trotta, Caterina Rizzo, Antonia Mantella, Giovanni Rezza, Alessandro Bartoloni
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2016)

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Abstract MP012: Sexual Maturation Independently Contributes to Adiposity Differences between African American and Caucasian Girls
Authors: Amanda E Staiano, Stephanie T Broyles, Alok K Gupta, Peter T Katzmarzyk
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction: The prevalence of obesity is higher among African American girls compared to Caucasian girls. However, on average, African American girls also reach puberty earlier. Hypothesis: Sexual maturation affects adiposity differences between African American and Caucasian girls. Methods: The sample included 117 African American and 82 Caucasian girls aged 5–18 years. Waist circumference (cm) was measured in our outpatient clinic. Total body fat (grams) was measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Abdominal subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue mass (SAT and VAT in grams) were measured by magnetic resonance imaging. Abdominal images were obtained between the highest point of the liver and the lower pole of the right kidney. Analyzed slices centered on the lumbar inter-vertebral space (L4-L5), were 4.76 cm apart, and depending on the participant’s stature included 2 slices below and 2–5 slices above the L4-L5 interspace. Sexual maturity (breast development on a scale of 1–5 according to the criteria by Tanner) was determined, either by self-report (ages &gt;9 years) or physician assessment (ages 5–9 years). Results: In linear regression models adjusted for age and race, sexual maturation significantly predicted waist circumference (beta=8.1, 95% CI=5.9 to 10.2), total body fat (beta=6767.2, 95% CI=4935.7 to 8598.8), SAT (beta=1988.4, 95% CI=1383.9 to 2592.9) and VAT (beta=56.6, 95% CI=36.8 to 76.4). African American girls had significantly higher waist circumference (p=0.0089), body fat (p=0.0171), and SAT (p=0.0184) compared to Caucasian girls when controlling for age only, but these ethnic differences attenuated to non-significance when sexual maturation was controlled. In linear regression models adjusted for age, sexual maturation, and body fat, although the race differences (African American compared to Caucasian girls) in SAT and waist circumference were attenuated, VAT was significantly lower (p&lt;.0001). Conclusion: Sexual maturity was a significant independent predictor of adiposity in African American and Caucasian girls. Controlling for sexual maturation attenuated the race difference in waist circumference, body fat, and SAT, whereas the race difference remained in VAT. In conclusion, these results indicate that it is important to consider differences in sexual maturation when evaluating differences in adiposity between African American and Caucasian girls.
Activation of JAK2 in Human Vascular Endothelial Cells by Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor
Authors: Raffaella Soldi, Luca Primo, Maria Felice Brizzi, Fiorella Sanavio, Massimo Aglietta, Nadia Polentarutti, Luigi Pegoraro, Alberto Mantovani, Federico Bussolino
Journal: Blood (1997)
An Epigenetic Reprogramming Strategy to Resensitize Radioresistant Prostate Cancer Cells
Authors: Claudia Peitzsch, Monica Cojoc, Linda Hein, Ina Kurth, Katrin Mäbert, Franziska Trautmann, Barbara Klink, Evelin Schröck, Manfred P. Wirth, Mechthild Krause, Eduard A. Stakhovsky, Gennady D. Telegeev, Vladimir Novotny, Marieta Toma, Michael Muders, Gustavo B. Baretton, Fiona M. Frame, Norman J. Maitland, Michael Baumann, Anna Dubrovska
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Radiotherapy is a mainstay of curative prostate cancer treatment, but risks of recurrence after treatment remain significant in locally advanced disease. Given that tumor relapse can be attributed to a population of cancer stem cells (CSC) that survives radiotherapy, analysis of this cell population might illuminate tactics to personalize treatment. However, this direction remains challenging given the plastic nature of prostate cancers following treatment. We show here that irradiating prostate cancer cells stimulates a durable upregulation of stem cell markers that epigenetically reprogram these cells. In both tumorigenic and radioresistant cell populations, a phenotypic switch occurred during a course of radiotherapy that was associated with stable genetic and epigenetic changes. Specifically, we found that irradiation triggered histone H3 methylation at the promoter of the CSC marker aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1), stimulating its gene transcription. Inhibiting this methylation event triggered apoptosis, promoted radiosensitization, and hindered tumorigenicity of radioresistant prostate cancer cells. Overall, our results suggest that epigenetic therapies may restore the cytotoxic effects of irradiation in radioresistant CSC populations. Cancer Res; 76(9); 2637-51. ©2016 AACR.
Low‐ and high‐risk human papillomavirus genotype infections in intra‐anal warts in <scp>HIV</scp> ‐positive men who have sex with men
Authors: M.L. Siegenbeek van Heukelom, O. Richel, H.J.C. Vries, M.M. Sandt, S. Beck, H.A.M. Munckhof, E.C. Pirog, M.N.C. Koning, J.M. Prins, K.D. Quint
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2016)

Anogenital warts are often presumed to represent nondysplastic or low-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia (LGAIN). We previously demonstrated that up to 20% of intra-anal warts in HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM) contain regions of high-grade AIN (HGAIN).To determine the causative human papillomavirus (HPV) types of low- and high- grade dysplastic areas in warts from HIV-positive MSM.A total of 42 intra-anal warts from 41 HIV-positive MSM were graded as nondysplastic, LGAIN or HGAIN. Whole-tissue sections (WTS) were analysed with the SPF10 polymerase chain reaction/LiPA25 HPV genotyping system. If the WTS contained multiple HPV types, dysplastic regions were isolated by laser capture microdissection (LCM) for HPV genotyping.Overall, 38 of 42 (91%) WTS tested positive for HPV DNA. Of these, 23 (61%) contained a single HPV type and 15 (39%) contained multiple HPV types. All LCM-selected regions contained no more than one HPV type. Ten of 42 (24%) WTS contained HGAIN disease, of which six (60%) were associated with a high-risk HPV (hrHPV) genotype. Twenty-three of 42 WTS contained LGAIN disease, of which two (9%) were associated with hrHPV. AIN lesions containing hrHPV types were identified using p16 staining.LGAIN lesions can be caused by high-risk HPV genotypes and vice versa. We therefore recommend routine follow-up and treatment of all dysplastic intra-anal warts for HIV-positive MSM.
Impact of conditioning intensity in T-replete haplo-identical stem cell transplantation for acute leukemia: a report from the acute leukemia working party of the EBMT
Authors: Marie T. Rubio, Bipin N. Savani, Myriam Labopin, Simona Piemontese, Emmanuelle Polge, Fabio Ciceri, Andrea Bacigalupo, William Arcese, Yener Koc, Dietrich Beelen, Zafer Gülbas, Depei Wu, Stella Santarone, Johanna Tischer, Boris Afanasyev, Christoph Schmid, Sebastian Giebel, Mohamad Mohty, Arnon Nagler
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2016)

Increasing numbers of patients are receiving haplo-identical stem cell transplantation (haplo-SCT) for treatment of acute leukemia with reduced intensity (RIC) or myeloablative (MAC) conditioning regimens. The impact of conditioning intensity in haplo-SCT is unknown. We performed a retrospective registry-based study comparing outcomes after T-replete haplo-SCT for patients with acute myeloid (AML) or lymphoid leukemia (ALL) after RIC (n = 271) and MAC (n = 425). Regimens were classified as MAC or RIC based on published criteria. A combination of post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PT-Cy) with one calcineurin inhibitor and mycophenolate mofetil (PT-Cy-based regimen) for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis was used in 66 (25 %) patients in RIC and 125 (32 %) in MAC groups. Patients of RIC group were older and had been transplanted more recently and more frequently for AML with active disease at transplant. Percentage of engraftment (90 vs. 92 %; p = 0.58) and day 100 grade II to IV acute GVHD (24 vs. 29 %, p = 0.23) were not different between RIC and MAC groups. Multivariable analyses, run separately in AML and ALL, showed a trend toward higher relapse incidence with RIC in comparison to MAC in AML (hazard ratio (HR) 1.34, p = 0.09), and no difference in both AML and ALL in terms of non-relapse mortality (NRM) chronic GVHD and leukemia-free survival. There was no impact of conditioning regimen intensity in overall survival (OS) in AML (HR = 0.97, p = 0.79) but a trend for worse OS with RIC in ALL (HR = 1.44, p = 0.10). The main factor impacting outcomes was disease status at transplantation (HR ≥ 1.4, p ≤ 0.01). GVHD prophylaxis with PT-Cy-based regimen was independently associated with reduced NRM (HR 0.63, p = 0.02) without impact on relapse incidence (HR 0.99, p = 0.94). These data suggest that T-replete haplo-SCT with both RIC and MAC, in particular associated with PT-Cy, are valid options in first line treatment of high risk AML or ALL.
A single-dose, crossover, placebo- and moxifloxacin-controlled study to assess the effects of neratinib (HKI-272) on cardiac repolarization in healthy adult subjects.
Authors: R. Abbas, B. A. Hug, C. Leister, J. Burns, D. Sonnichsen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e11070 Background: Neratinib is a potent, orally administered, irreversible pan-ErbB tyrosine kinase inhibitor that has shown antitumor activity in patients with advanced ErbB2+ breast cancer and is in phase III development. This study was conducted to assess the effects of therapeutic and supratherapeutic neratinib concentrations on cardiac repolarization in healthy adults, in accordance with ICH E14 guidelines. Methods: This was a 2-part, randomized, single-dose, double-blind, crossover, placebo- and open- label moxifloxacin-controlled study in healthy subjects. In part 1, subjects received placebo, moxifloxacin 400 mg, and neratinib 240 mg (therapeutic dose) following a high-fat meal. In part 2, following a washout period, subjects received placebo plus ketoconazole 400 mg (a potent inhibitor of neratinib metabolism) and neratinib 240 mg plus ketoconazole (supratherapeutic dose). Triplicate ECG readings were obtained. ANOVA was used to separately compare the baseline adjusted QTc intervals of 1) neratinib to placebo, and 2) neratinib plus ketoconazole to placebo plus ketoconazole. Assay sensitivity was evaluated by comparing moxifloxacin to placebo. The primary endpoint was QTcN (population-specific QT correction). PK/PD analyses and categorical summaries of interval data were performed. Results: Sixty (60) healthy subjects (median age: 36 y; range: 18-57 y) were enrolled in this study. The upper bounds of the 90% CI for QTcN were ≤ 10 ms at all postdose time-points for both the therapeutic and the supratherapeutic neratinib plasma concentrations. No relevant PK/PD relationship was observed between neratinib concentrations and QTc interval. No subjects had a QTcF, QTcI, or QTcN interval > 450 ms or a change from baseline > 30 ms. Moxifloxacin produced a significant increase in QTcN compared with placebo (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Therapeutic and supratherapeutic exposures of neratinib are not associated with QTc prolongation in healthy subjects. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Pfizer Pfizer
Targeting subclinical atherosclerosis
Authors: F G R Fowkes, J F Price, G C Leng
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Afifth of coronary deaths occur in those with no history of ischaemic heart disease, and the absolute number of coronary events is greater in the low risk population than in high risk groups. Risk scores cannot predict nearly half the future episodes of coronary heart disease.1The prevention of these acute events remains a major challenge.

Primary prevention, including health promotion in the community and multiple risk factor screening, has generally been disappointing2—major problem has been that people have found it difficult to change their lifestyles. On the other hand, some trials of single risk factor screening followed by medical treatment, rather than lifestyle changes, have shown a significant reduction in vascular events. For example, in the West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study screening and treating high serum cholesterol concentrations in 45-64 year old men led to a 31% reduction in cardiovascular …
<i>The BMJ</i>should be adventurous and lead the way on qualitative research
Authors: Kit Byatt
Journal: BMJ (2016)

This letter sets out the academic case for The BMJ to publish qualitative evidence and rebalance the incessant drive for quantitative data.1

Any clinician seeing real, unselected patients knows the bald numerical data of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses, while helpful, completely fail to capture the human dimension of clinical practice. Despite the extensive …
P0886 : Efficacy and safety of grazoprevir/elbasvir +/- RBV for 12 weeks in patients with HCV G1 or G4 infection who previously failed peginterferon/RBV: C-edge treatment-experienced trial
Authors: P. Kwo, E. Gane, C.-Y. Peng, B. Pearlman, J. Vireling, L. Serfaty, M. Buti, S. Shafran, P. Stryszak, L. Lin, J. Gress, M. Robertson, J. Wahl, E. Barr, B. Haber
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
Comparison Between Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (BM-MSC) and Lung Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (Lung-MSC) For Epithelial Regeneration
Authors: Mario Ricciardi, Martina Midolo, Giulio Bassi, Giorgio Malpeli, Francesco Bifari, Marco Chilosi, Marco Zanotto, Roberta Carusone, Jasmina Zanoncello, Giovanni Pizzolo, Mauro Krampera
Journal: Blood (2013)
Restraint-Induced Inhibition of 7,12-Dimethylbenz[&lt;italic&gt;a&lt;/italic&gt;]anthracene-Induced Mammary Tumors: Relation to Stages of Tumor Development
Authors: Benjamin H. Newberry
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1978)

Experiments on the use of chronically applied restraint to reduce the number of mammary tumors developing in response to treatment of rats with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene indicated that this inhibitory effect was largely due to restraint applied after the induction period; preinduction restraint and induction period restraint had no significant effect on tumor development. After termination of the restraint treatment, the rate at which new tumors appeared first increased and then decreased. Restraint did not affect the proportion of tumors regressing after ovariectomy.
Adenosine 3′:5′-Cyclic Monophosphate (cAMP)-Inducible Pyrimidine 5′-Nucleotidase and Pyrimidine Nucleotide Metabolism of Chick Embryonic Erythrocytes
Authors: Stefanie Dragon, Rainer Hille, Robert Götz, Rosemarie Baumann
Journal: Blood (1998)
Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in Europe for primary immunodeficiencies other than severe combined immunodeficiency: a report from the European Group for BMT and the European Group for Immunodeficiency
Authors: A Fischer, P Landais, W Friedrich, B Gerritsen, A Fasth, F Porta, A Vellodi, M Benkerrou, JP Jais, M Cavazzana-Calvo
Journal: Blood (1994)
Outcome and prognostic factors of bronchopulmonary neuroendocrine tumors (BNETS): a single institutional series
Authors: Charlotte Verroken, Birgitta I. Hiddinga, Liesbeth Ferdinande, Veerle Surmont, Frederic De Ryck, Karim Vermaelen, Karen Geboes, Jan P. Van Meerbeeck
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2013)
Study provides insufficient evidence of a link between clarithromycin and myocardial infarction
Authors: Zac Blake
Journal: BMJ (2016)

As a GP registrar who regularly prescribes antibiotics, I read Wong and colleagues’ paper on clarithromycin and cardiovascular outcomes and the associated editorial with interest.1 2

I disagree with the editorial in that the study contains only two, not three, separate study designs.

My main concern with the paper is that the second study design simply shows, using two statistical methods, that people with …
Is there a role for adjuvant chemotherapy in cervical cancer?
Authors: M S Piver
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1985)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1985.3.7.899 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 4020406 Is there a role for adjuvant chemotherapy in cervical cancer? M S PiverxM S PiverSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1985.3.7.899 PDF "Is there a role for adjuvant chemotherapy in cervical cancer?." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 3(7), pp. 899–900© 1985 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Percutaneous cementoplasty (PC) improves the quality of life (QOL) in patients (pts) with bone metastases: A retrospective analysis of 49 pts treated within a multidisciplinary team
Authors: A. Hugli, Y. Seium, B. Mermillod, M.-C. Verbist, S. Balmer, J.-P. Imbert, A.-P. Sappino, J.-B. Martin, P.-Y. Dietrich
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

8052 Background: Bone metastasis is a frequent complication of cancers, inducing pain, functional disability and worsening in QOL. Cementoplasty by percutaneous polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) implantation was introduced in the last few years but its actual impact on pain, performance status (PS) and functional disability is still poorly defined. Methods: Over a 16-month period, 97 pts with bone metastases were assessed by a multidisciplinary board (medical oncologists, radio-oncologists, orthopaedic surgeons, neurosurgeons, radiologists). PC was not done in 48 cases (13 for poor general condition, 6 for neurogenic pain, 5 for light pain, 6 for pain resolved by systemic treatment; 3 had surgical indications, 3 blastic lesions, 2 refused, 10 for other reasons). PC was performed in 49 pts. One to 9 bone lesions were injected percutaneously with PMMA under local or general anaesthesia. PS and visual analogue rate scale (VRS) were endpoints assessed before and after PC (7 days, 1 month). Results: Median age of the 49 pts was 63 yrs; disease originated in lung (n=15), breast (n=8), myeloma (n=5), prostate (n=5), colon (n=3), kidney (n=2), lymph nodes (n=2), others (n=9). VRS improved in 41/46 evaluable pts at 7 days, by at least 3 points for 27/41 and in 27/34 pts at 1 month after PC; no worsening was observed. PS improved in 28/46 pts at 7 days, and in 27/34 pts at 1 month after PC. For the entire cohort, PS improved by a median of 1 class. Only two pts deteriorated at 1 month, due to progressive disease. Conclusions: PC is a simple procedure allowing pain control and improvement in QOL. Its full potential should prospectively be explored inside multidisciplinary research groups to better define its place in the decisional algorithm of pain relief. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 11447: Low Incidence of Appropriate Therapy Following Defibrillator Implantation for Primary Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Amalie C Thavikulwat, Todd T Tomson, Bradley P Knight, Robert O Bonow, Lubna Choudhury
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a leading cause of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in young adults. Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) effectively terminate ventricular tachycardia (VT) and fibrillation (VF) that cause SCD, but the reported prevalence of and patient characteristics leading to appropriate ICD therapy in HCM have been variable. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that some risk factors may be more prevalent than others in patients with HCM who receive appropriate ICD therapy and that the overall incidence of appropriate therapy may be lower than that reported previously. Methods: We retrospectively studied all patients with HCM who were treated with ICDs at our referral center from 2000-2013 to determine the rates of appropriate and inappropriate ICD therapies. Results: Of 1136 patients with HCM, we identified 135 who underwent ICD implantation (125 for primary and 10 for secondary prevention), aged 18-81 years (mean 48±17) at the time of implantation. The mean follow-up time was 5.2±4.5 years. Appropriate ICD intervention occurred in 20 of 135 patients (2.8%/year) by providing a shock or antitachycardia pacing in response to VT or VF. The annual rate of appropriate ICD therapy was 2.4%/year for primary and 7.2%/year for secondary prevention devices. Commonly used risk factors were equally prevalent among patients who received appropriate therapy and those who did not; furthermore, the likelihood of receiving appropriate therapy in the presence of each risk factor was similar (Figure). Inappropriate ICD therapy occurred in 27 patients (3.8%/year). Conclusions: ICDs provide clear benefit to patients who experience life-threatening arrhythmias, particularly those being treated for secondary prevention. However, the appropriate therapy rate for primary prevention was lower than previously reported, and no single risk factor appeared to have stronger association with appropriate ICD therapy than others.