tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Implications on chemotherapy dose selection of the 4-variable Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation (MDRD) for estimating renal function
Authors: M. J. Dooley, S. G. Poole, E. Stathakopoulos
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

2553 Background: Cockcroft and Gault equation (CG) has been utilised for estimating renal function (RF) in cancer patients. MDRD (Ann Intern Med 2006; 145: 247–254) has been recently advocated as the routine method of estimating RF from serum creatinine, however it was developed in patients with chronic renal disease. The aim was to determine concordance of dose selection between CG and MDRD for renally excreted chemotherapy drugs. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted utilising data from hospitalised patients undergoing pharmacokinetic drug dose monitoring at a single institution. CG was calculated using actual body weight. Serum creatinine (SeCr) was measured using Jaffe method and rounded up to 0.06mmol/L. Comparison was made with MDRD adjusted for patient body surface area. Impact on drug dosing was assessed through examination of concordance across renal function ranges utilised in practice for dose selection (<30mL/min, 30–49mL/min, ≥50mL/min). Results: 4,123 patients were included; 62% male; mean age 52.5yrs (range: 18–96yrs), weight 76.8kg (range: 28.9–245kg), height 174.9cm (range: 137–198cm), SrCr 0.085mmol/L (range: 0.06–0.98mmol/L). Mean creatinine clearance (CrCl) was 107.5mL/min (range: 5.7–362mL/min) using CG and mean GFR was 103.9mL (range: 4.7–173mL/min) using MDRD. Concordance between CG and MDRD, adjusted for patient body surface area, is shown in Table 1. Clinical application of MDRD rather than CG would result in 1 in 70 patients receiving a higher dose of chemotherapy and 1 in 200 a lesser dose. Concordance was less with increasing body mass index (BMI) and incorporation of ideal body weight (IBW) in CG. Gender did not influence concordance. Conclusions: There was a high level of concordance in chemotherapy dose selection using MDRD or CG. Impact on dose selection is greater for obese patients and when IBW is utilised in CG. Concordance between CG and MDRD for dose selection of renally excreted chemotherapy MDRD <30ml/min ≥30–49.9mls/min ≥50mls/min CG <30ml/min 72 pts (1.7%) 61 pts (1.5%) 3 pts (0.1%) ≥30–49.9 mls/min 19 pts (0.5%) 213 pts (5.2%) 208 pts (5.0%) ≥50mls/min 0 pts (0%) 71 pts (1.7%) 3,476 pts (84.3%) No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Expression of drug-resistance-related proteins in nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) patients treated with cisplatin-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy.
Authors: Y. Hwang, H. Lee, J. Jeong, S. Kang, M. Ahn, J. Han, J. Kim, C. Kim, J. Choi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

5551 Background: We evaluated the prognostic significance of excision repair cross-complementation group 1 protein (ERCC1), thymidylate synthase (TS), and Bax in patients with nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). Methods: Pretreatment tumor biopsy specimens from 41 patients with locally advanced NPC (stage I: 1, II: 10, III: 9, IV: 21 patients) were analyzed for ERCC1, TS and Bax expression by immunohistochemistry. All patients were treated with one cycle of induction chemotherapy (5-fluorouracil 1,000 mg/m2/day and cisplatin 20 mg/m2/day, days 1-4) followed by CCRT starting on day 22. CCRT consisted of radiotherapy (70Gy/35 fractions for 7 weeks) with cisplatin 20mg/m2/day for 4 days on weeks 1, 4, 7 of radiotherapy. Results: High expression of ERCC1, TS and low expression of Bax was observed in 25 (60%), 21 (51%) and 21 (51%) patients, respectively. High expression of ERCC1 was associated with WHO type 1 or 2 histology (p=0.045). Complete response was achieved in 34 patients (83%) after CCRT. With median follow up duration of 106 months (32-152 months) in survivors, 5-year overall survival (OS) of all patients was 53%. In univariate analysis, 5-year OS (75% versus 28%, p=0.005) was significantly inferior in patients with high expression of ERCC1, while high expression of TS and Bax were not correlated with patients outcome. In multivariate analysis, high expression of ERCC1 was a significant independent prognostic factor for poor OS (p=0.029) along with WHO type 1 or 2 histology. Conclusions: High expression of ERCC1 protein may be a useful prognostic factor for poor outcome in patients with locally advanced NPC treated with CCRT. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Promotional Effect of Sodium Barbiturate on Intestinal Tumors Induced in Rats by Dimethylhydrazine&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: M Pollard, P H Luckert
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

Journal Article Promotional Effect of Sodium Barbiturate on Intestinal Tumors Induced in Rats by Dimethylhydrazine Get access Morris Pollard, Morris Pollard Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Phyllis H. Luckert Phyllis H. Luckert Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 63, Issue 4, October 1979, Pages 1089–1092, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/63.4.1089 Published: 01 October 1979 Article history Received: 22 January 1979 Accepted: 30 March 1979 Published: 01 October 1979
Characterization of the insulin-like growth factor pathway in endometrial cancers
Authors: J. M. Cragun, A. Elahi, D. Boulware, C. Beam, R. Sayer, G. L. Maxwell, R. Sutphen, A. Berchuck, J. M. Lancaster
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

5082 Purpose: The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) family includes ligands, binding proteins, proteases and receptors that impact cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis in many human cancers. Recently, genome-wide expression analysis has demonstrated that several members of the IGF pathway may be involved in endometrial cancer pathogenesis. We sought to delineate the role of the IGF ligands, receptors (R) and binding proteins (BP) in endometrial carcinoma development and progression using quantitative PCR. Methods: We measured gene expression of 11 members of the IGF pathway in 59 endometrioid endometrial cancers and 3 normal endometrial samples. Gene expression was measured by quantitative PCR using the Applied Biosystems 7900HT MicroFluidic Card system. For each member of the IGF pathway, relative gene expression values were examined in normal endometrial tissue and endometrial cancer samples, and correlated with multiple clinico-pathologic variables. Multivariate analysis, Pearson r correlation coefficient and Wilcoxon rank sum test statistical analyses were performed. Results: Within cancers, multivariate analysis revealed significant association between race and 11 members of the IGF pathway (p=0.008). Preliminary univariate analysis revealed association between expression of IGF-1R, IGF-2R, IGF-BP3 and race (p=0.005, 0.014, 0.005). Expression was higher in African Americans in all three genes. Correlations in expression were identified between IGF-BP3 and IGF-2R (r=0.63, p<0.0001) and IGF-BP7 and IGF-1 (r=0.77, p<0.0001). IGF-1, IGF-BP4, IGF-BP5, and IGF-BP6 gene expression were lower in endometrial cancers compared to normal tissue (p=0.01, 0.02, 0.02, 0.006). Conclusion: We have characterized the interactions of members of the IGF pathway in endometrioid endometrial carcinomas. Our findings reveal a complex gene expression relationship between members of the IGF pathway and associations specific to African American race. These results support a significant role for the IGF family in endometrial cancer pathogenesis. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Outcome of nonmetastatic osteosarcoma (OS) in patients age 14 years and above: Single institution experience
Authors: M. A. Memon, S. Bazarbashi, R. Pant, M. Shaheen, A. Allam, F. Al Dayel, J. Ahmad
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

10546 Background: OS is the most common type of malignant bone cancer accounting for 35% of primary bone malignancies and is most common between the ages of 15 to 25. The incidence increases steadily with age, a relative dramatic increase in adolescence corresponds with the growth spurt. Addition of chemotherapy improves the overall survival and more patients are able to undergo limb salvage surgery. We report our experience in the outcome of treatment of OS in patients age 14 and above. Methods: Patients age 14 and above with diagnosis of localized OS seen between 1990–2006 were reviewed. Staging, chemotherapy and surgery all were done at our institution. Results: A total of 169 patients were identified (M: 111, F: 58), median age 19 (range 14–75), site: Femur:90, Tibia:35, Humrus:12, Fibula:3, Radius:1, others :28, location: proximal:56, distal:107, other:6, 136 present with pain and swelling. Treatment: 138 received doxorubicin and cisplatin (AP), 17:high dose methotrexate, 14:doxorubicin, cisplatin and methotrexate. Surgery limb salvage:99, amputation:52. Probability of overall survival 63% using KM, disease-free survival 40%. No difference in out come by sex and type of surgery. P value was significant for 6 cycles of AP compare to less than 6 cycles (0.0001), 600 mg total dose of cisplatin or less (0.014), total dose of adriamycin 450 mg or less (0.013). Conclusions: This is unique study because all patients are age 14 and above. The outcome is comparable to other published trial including patients less than 14 years. There is optimal dose of chemotherapy for favorable outcome. Even though addition of chemotherapy have improved the outcome, there is room for improvement and need for more clinical trials incorporating the currently available new agents including the targeted therapy and antiangiogenesis agents. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Survival of patients with testicular germ-cell tumors with poor prognosis secondary to liver metastases
Authors: J. Martinez-Cedillo, J. L. Aguilar, A. Morán-Mendoza, O. Arrieta, J. Cruz-Lòpez, G. Calderillo, A. Rivera-Lamas, M. Torreblanca-Montaño, F. Lara-Medina, J. G. De La Garza
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

14657 Background: Most patients with disseminated germ-cell tumor have an excellent prognosis with cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy, although there have been described certain subgroups with a worse prognosis. The presence of liver metastases (LM) represents an independent cause of poor prognosis. This study reviews the clinical course and treatment results of patients treated at Instituto Nacional de Cancerología de México (INCan-Mex). Methods: The records of all patients with germ-cell cancer and LM between 1992 and 2002 were reviewed. Age, primary site, metastases site, number of metastasis sites, histopathology type, serum tumor markers (STM) levels, liver functional assay, number of LM and used chemotherapy were examinated. The overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS) were analized with Kaplan-Meier method and Log Rank test. Results: Of 32 reviewed patients, median age was 24 (range 18–42 y). The primary site was testis in 27 patients and retroperitoneal in 5 patients. The number of metastasis sites was &gt; 3 en all cases. All patients had nonseminomatous component, predominating choriocarcinoma (82%) and seminoma (78%). The 60% of patients had STM of poor prognosis. 50% of the patients had abnormal liver functional assay. 25 cases (78%) had multiple LM. First line chemotherapy had complete response (CR) in 2 patients, partial response with STM negative (PRM-) in 12 cases, partial response with STM positive (PRM+) 8, and progression in 9 patients. All patients were treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy. No prognostic factors of chemotherapy response were determined. Only 11 cases underwent to resection surgery of retroperitoneal or pulmonary residual. No patients underwent to liver surgery. Five year OS of 32 cases were 50%, 34% with DFS, between the patients with superior response to chemotherapy (RC + PRM-) the OS and DFS was better in relation with minor response or progression (p &lt; 0.05). The cases with RC in liver (11) were 5-year OS 100% and DFS 66% (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: The clinical course and results of treatment in the 32 cases of the INCan-Mex were similar to the literature. This study represents the greatest individual serie reported. These patients with poor prognosis are candidates to innovative treatment modalities. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Contemporary insights into dissemination of primary non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of the spleen
Authors: V. Musteata
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

6675 Background: The aim of current researches was to study the mode and the steps of dissemination of primary splenic non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) in regard with its histological types. Methods: A representative group of 155 patients (age range 15 - 82 years) with primary NHL of the spleen was analyzed in our study. According to the N.C.I. Working Formulation, low-grade (LG) NHL were identified in 110 (70.9%) cases, and those high-grade (HG) - in 45 (29.1%). Staging was realized by means of conventional physical and X-ray examinations, computerized tomography, ultrasound and nuclear isotope scannings, bone marrow aspiration and biopsy, laparoscopy, exploratory laparotomy with splenectomy and lymph node biopsy. Stage IV disease was diagnosed in 107 (97.3%) patients with LG NHL, and in 38 (84.6%) with HG NHL. Results: LG splenic NHL showed the prevalent bone marrow (BM) involvement (99.1%), which had been the only one site of tumour dissemination in 24.3% of cases. The liver involvement was revealed in 58.3% of patients. The abdominal lymph node (ALN) and the peripheral lymph node (PLN) affection was registered in 40.0% and 30.8% of cases, respectively. The following combinations of the multiple extrasplenic sites of lymphomatous involvement mainly occurred: BM, liver and ALN - 13.3%, those followed by PLN - 11.4%, BM, liver and PLN - 9.6%, BM and ALN - 8.7%. HG splenic NHL demonstrated the predominant ALN (68.3%) and liver (65.8%) involvement. The BM affection (52.6%) proved to be less frequent. The PLN involvement occurred only in 28.9% of cases. The following combinations of the extrasplenic sites of the tumor dissemination mostly were detected: ALN, liver and BM - 15.6%, ALN, PLN and liver - 13.3%, ALN and BM - 11.1%, ALN and liver - 6.7%. Conclusions:In primary LG NHL of the spleen, early hematogenous dissemination in the BM was common, followed by the consecutive liver, ALN and PLN involvement. In primary HG splenic NHL, initial lymphogenous spread in the ALN was typical, with the following successive liver, BM and PLN involvement. The histology-respecting dissemination features of primary splenic NHL should be taken into consideration in the process of diagnosis and treatment. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
How specific and common is common coding?
Authors: Andries F. Sanders
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2001)

This commentary addresses three points. First, it is argued that the common coding principles, as developed in the target article, may supplement rather than replace stage views of human information processing. Second, the issue of the properties of an event code is briefly discussed. It is concluded that much remains to be specified so as to allow critical tests. Finally, the question of the limits of common coding is raised. It may be particularly relevant to direct perception and action coupling but less useful for the analysis of cognitive skills.
Incidence of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in peripheral blood of breast cancer patients at primary diagnosis—A potential tool for risk stratification
Authors: B. K. Rack, C. Schindlbeck, W. Janni, U. Jeschke, S. Hofmann, M. W. Beckmann, K. Pantel, W. Lichtenegger, H. Sommer, K. Friese
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

20053 Background: In metastatic breast cancer, CTCs have been proven an independent predictor for progression-free and overall survival (Cristofanilli, NEJM 2004). Therefore, we evaluated the role of CTCs in peripheral blood of breast cancer patients at primary diagnosis and during adjuvant systemic treatment within the Success-Trial (n = 3,658 pts). First results of the incidence of CTCs prior to chemotherapy will be presented here. Methods: The CellSearchSystem (Veridex) was used for isolation and enumeration of CTCs from 23 ml of peripheral blood. Briefly, after immunomagnetic enrichment with an anti-Epcam-antibody, cells were labelled with anti-cytokeratin (8,18,19) and anti-CD45 antibodies to distinguish epithelial cells and leukocytes. Patients had been accrued between September and December 2005. Results: We analyzed 124 breast cancer patients at the time of primary diagnosis. The majority of patients presented with small tumors (41% T1, 55% T2, 4% T3), and 32% were node-negative (45% N1, 14% N2, 9% N3). While a positive hormone receptor status was observed in 74% of patients and 31% were her2/neu positive, most tumors showed an intermediate or unfavourable grading (2% G1, 98% G2–3). In this patient group, 32% of patients (n = 40) presented with ≥1CTC in peripheral blood. In patients with the detection of CTCs, the mean number of cells was 5 (range 1–38). In 11 healthy individuals we found 1 CTC in one blood sample. The presence of CTCs did not correlated with tumor size (p = .39), presence of lymph node metastases (p = .25), histopathological grading (p = .33), hormone receptor status (p = .56) or her2/neu status of the primary tumor (p = .14). Conclusions: The isolation of CTCs from peripheral blood of primary breast cancer patients is feasible and might prove as an easy applicable and convenient technique to give further insight into the spread of the disease. The Success-Trial will investigate, whether CTCs can be used for risk stratification to more tailored treatment approaches and for the monitoring of treatment efficacy in individual patients. [Table: see text]
Evaluation of treatment patterns and disparities in commercially insured patients newly-diagnosed with breast cancer
Authors: L. J. Short, M. D. Fisher, P. Wahl, M. Kelly, S. White, N. A. Rodriguez, G. D. Lawless, O. W. Brawley
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

6593 Background: Higher mortality from breast cancer in African-Americans (AAs) compared to Caucasians (CAUs) has been attributed to, among AAs: 1) diagnosis at later stages; 2) less favorable biologic parameters (e.g., higher rate of estrogen receptor negativity); 3) a higher incidence of chemotherapy dose reduction and delay; and 4) a higher prevalence of comorbid conditions. We assessed these disparities in a fully insured population to identify opportunities for health plans to improve outcomes. Methods: Claims data were used to identify commercially insured patients in a Southern US health plan with newly-diagnosed breast cancer between 1/1/2000 and 12/31/2004. Medical chart review captured race, stage at diagnosis, estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor (ER/PR) status, and treatment received. Univariate tests and multivariate logistic regression modeling were used to evaluate the impact of race on staging, and treatment patterns. Results: AAs (n=99) were diagnosed at younger mean age (49.4 vs. 52.4 years; p<0.01) and later stage (p=0.008) compared to CAUs (n=476). Among patients with measured or documented ER/PR status (537/766; 70%), 73% (392/537) were ER/PR+ (56% AA vs. 75% CAU; p<0.01), and of these, 67% received hormone therapy. Adjusting for age, stage, geography, socioeconomic status, and ER/PR+ status, CAUs were twice as likely as AAs to receive hormone therapy (p=0.03). Chemotherapy dose reduction or delay occurred in ∼20% of patients overall (12% AA vs. 21% CAU; p=0.07). Prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher in AAs compared to CAUs (p<0.01). Conclusions: Factors portending worse prognosis for AAs with newly diagnosed breast cancer in a fully insured population include diagnosis at younger age, higher stage, higher prevalence of hormone negative disease, lower rates of hormone therapy for ER/PR+ members, and higher prevalence of hypertension. Interventions developed by health plans for AAs need to be culturally sensitive and include: 1) promotion of diagnosis at earlier stages; and 2) increasing the percentage of ER/PR+ patients that receive hormonal therapy; 3) management of comorbidities. For both AAs and CAUs, interventions are needed to decrease the percentage subjected to chemotherapy dose reductions and delays. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Amgen, Inc.
Short‐Term Total Hip Arthroplasty Outcomes in Patients With Psoriatic Arthritis or Psoriatic Skin Disease Compared to Patients With Osteoarthritis
Authors: Lisa A. Mandl, Rebecca Zhu, Wei‐Ti Huang, Meng Zhang, Michael M. Alexiades, Mark P. Figgie, Susan M. Goodman
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2015)

Outcomes of total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients with psoriasis have been poorly studied. This study was undertaken to assess whether patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) or those with cutaneous psoriasis (PsC) without evidence of inflammatory joint disease are at an increased risk for worse outcomes after THA as compared to patients with osteoarthritis (OA).Among subjects in a prospective THA registry, PsA and PsC cases were identified by International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes, and all cases were matched with patients with OA as controls. Analyses were performed to identify predictors of poor postoperative pain or function.Of the 289 potential cases of PsA or PsC, 63 with PsA and 153 with PsC were validated. Self-report data were available postoperatively from 75% of PsA patients, 69% of PsC patients, and 94% of OA controls. In total, 51% of PsA patients and 56% of PsC patients were male, compared to 45% of OA controls (P = 0.04). Body mass index was higher in those with PsA or PsC (P = 0.002 versus controls). There were no differences in race or education between the 3 groups. PsA patients and PsC patients had more comorbidities than OA controls. PsA patients were more likely than PsC patients and OA controls to be current or previous smokers. Moreover, 54% of PsA patients were being treated with biologics or nonbiologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, compared to 8% of PsC patients. There were no significant differences in pre- or postoperative Western Ontario and McMaster Universities OA Index scores for pain or function between the 3 groups. Short-Form 36 mental component summary scores were significantly better in the OA controls, both pre- and postoperatively (P = 0.006 and P < 0.001, respectively, versus PsA or PsC). EuroQol 5-domain health-related quality of life scores were significantly worse postoperatively for those with PsA or PsC (P < 0.0001 versus OA controls). In regression analyses, neither PsA nor PsC were risk factors for worse THA outcomes. Satisfaction with the outcomes of THA was similarly high among all 3 groups (P = 0.54).Neither PsA nor PsC are risk factors for poor outcomes after THA. This is important information to convey to patients with either PsA or PsC who are contemplating surgical intervention with THA.
αSMA+ Macrophages Skewed From Hematopoietic Stem Cells By Vitamin D3 Initiate Myelofibrosis and Subsequent Osteosclerosis
Authors: Kanako Wakahashi, Kentaro Minagawa, Noboru Asada, Yuko Kawano, Mari Sato, Hiroki Kawano, Akiko Sada, Shigeaki Kato, Kotaro Shide, Kazuya Shimoda, Toshimitsu Matsui, Yoshio Katayama
Journal: Blood (2013)