tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study of the Lymphocyte Transfer Test With Lymphocytes From Normal Donors and Cancer Patients&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: E. Robinson, M.D., A. Hochman, M.D.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1966)

Patients with cancer were subjected to two lymphocyte transfer tests; lymphocytes from a normal donor were injected into one arm and cells from a patient with cancer rnto the other. In 52 of 62 patients examined, normal lymphocytes produced a stronger reaction than did those obtained from cancer patients. It is suggested that the lymphocytes of cancer patients differ from those of normal individuals.
Do clinical trials of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) overestimate the actual response rates observed in clinical practice?
Authors: R. A. Dent, S. Verma, B. Fitzgerald, C. Halloway, L. Lickley, H. Kahn, F. Wright, J. P. Pignol, M. Trudeau, M. Lenis, M. Clemons
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

890 Background: Neoadjvuant chemotherapy (NAC) is an established standard of care for LABC. Evidence shows that both clinical (cCR) and pathologic (pCR) complete response predicts for locoregional recurrence, disease free and overall survival. However, the definition of pCR is not universal and there exists variation as to the inclusion of residual intraductal and microinvasive disease. Phase II and III trials with different NAC regimens report cCR rates of 60–80% with corresponding pCR rates of 10–39%. Purpose: To compare response rates of cCR and pCR in a prospectively collected patient cohort to those reported in the literature for women with LABC. Methods: Patients with clinical stage III and primary tumors greater than 5cm were defined as having LABC. 49 pts were treated between Sept 2003 & Nov 2004 and were eligible for the study. Two pts were excluded as one discontinued therapy secondary to mitral valve disease and the second moved out of the country to pursue alternative therapies. Results: Median pt age was 50 (range 27 to 76). Clinical staging at diagnosis showed 12% IIB, 48% IIIA, 34% IIIB and 6% IIIC. Eighty-eight percent were clinical stage III at presentation and of these, seven (15%) had T4d inflammatory breast cancers. Eighty three percent had clinical axillary node involvement, 51% of tumours were hormone receptor positive & 38% overexpressed her2neu. Thirty four pts (72%) received an anthracycline based regimen & thirteen pts (28%) received both a taxane and anthracycline based regimen. Following neoadjuvant chemotherapy, 32% of pts had a cCR and 26% had a cPR, for a total clinical response rate of 58%. pCR was seen in 4 (9%) pts. Conclusions: The cCR and pCR response rates in this study were 28% and 9% respectively. This is clearly lower than reported in clinical trials and may reflect the advanced nature of patients selected for neoadjuvant therapy in actual practice. Depending on the definition of pCR used in this study, the range of pCR varied from 4.2% to 10.6% (using definitions form Chevallier et al and NSABP-27 respectively). Thus, it is essential that the pathologic response definition used in each trial be considered when interpreting study outcomes. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Impact of endobronchial ultrasound guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) in the evaluation of mediastinal adenopathy in lung cancer
Authors: Niamh Coleman, Amanda Lavan, Killian Hurley, Ross Morgan
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction: TBNA is an established technique for sampling mediastinal nodes in the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer. The advent of EBUS-TBNA has allowed the respiratory physician to access more and sample smaller nodes than conventional TBNA.

Aims: To determine the diagnostic yield, sensitivity and specificity of conventional TBNA (cTBNA) and EBUS-TBNA in our unit.

Methods: Data collected included patient characteristics, nodes sampled, pathological diagnosis and clinical outcome. Following EBUS introduction, this data was collected prospectively over a 6 month period.

Results: 63 cTBNA procedures were performed in the months preceding EBUS introduction. The overall diagnostic yield was 71.43% (n=45) and 46.67% (n=21) of these specimens were from station seven. 78 specimens were acquired via EBUS-TBNA in the first 6 months of the programme. The diagnostic yield was 83.33% (n=65), 42.3% (n=32) samples were from station 7, 28.1% (n=22) from 4R, 5.1% (n=4) from 4L and 9% (n=7) from 10R. Sensitivity for cancer improved from 80.65% in the cTBNA group to 83.33% in the the EBUS-TBNA group despite a dip to 75% in the first 3 months of the programme when analysed seperately. Specificity was 100%. There were no major complications.

Conclusions: EBUS-TBNA was associated with improvement in diagnostic yield and sensitivity for lung cancer nodal involvement when compared to conventional technique. A clear learning curve was seen but overcome within 3 months. This improvement in yield and the ability to sample more nodal locations may reduce referral for surgical or repeat procedures.
Aggressiveness of cancer-care near the end of life
Authors: B. Keam, J. Kim, Y. Hong, S. Lee, D. Kim, S. Im, T. Kim, D. Heo, Y. Bang, N. Kim
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

6103 Background: The objective of this study were to observe the markers of aggressive care in cancer patients including appropriateness of chemotherapy and to evaluate the trends in cancer-care and to assess their association with the availability of related health care resources. Methods: We designed restrospective cohort composed of patients who diagnosed as metastatic cancer and received palliative chemotherapy at Seoul National University Hospital in 2002. Hematologic malignancy and hepatocellular carcinoma with local treatment alone were excluded. Two hundreds ninety eight patients who died of cancer were finally evaluated the appropriateness of cancer-care including chemotherapy. Results: The median duration of chemotherapy was 6.02 months (mo) compared to 8.67 mo of median overall survival. Median periods between last chemotherapy and death were 2.02 mo. Among the 298 patients, 50.3% of the patients received chemotherapy in the last two months of life. Furthermore, 17 patients (5.7%) died within 2 weeks after receiving chemotherapy. It seemed that the patients had not enough time to prepare the death with dignity. The mean number of regimens and cycles the patients had received were 1.83 and 5.52, respectively. However, timing of discontinuance chemotherapy did not affect use of chemotherapy that there was no difference in numbers of regimens and cycles according to months between last chemotherapy and death. The proportion with &gt;1 ER visit in the last months of life were 33.6% and average numbers of ER visits after cancer diagnosed were 1.72. Only 9.1% of patients referred to hospice center and 11.7% of patients agreed with written DNR. The lack of hospice centers and harmony with referring system in Korea might affect to this results. Conclusions: Among the patients who died of cancer, significant portion of patients received chemotherapy till the end of life as well as ER visiting. Relatively, hospice referral and discussions about DNR did not conducted well in end of life care. Not to interfere the dignity of life, the physicians should be concerned whether the patients dying of cancer are overtreated with chemotherapy and receiving the appropriate cancer-care. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Interim analysis from a prospective randomized trial of taxanes plus 5-FU in advanced gastric cancer
Authors: S. H. Park, M. J. Kim, M. Chung, W. K. Lee, S. M. Bang, E. K. Cho, D. B. Shin, J. H. Lee
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

4193 Background: Paclitaxel and docetaxel has been shown to be effective in some patients with advanced gastric cancer. We used a randomized phase II design to prospectively compare the toxicity and efficacy of taxanes (paclitaxel or docetaxel) plus 5-FU. Methods: Based on results from our previous phase I study, patients with metastatic or recurrent gastric cancer were randomly assigned to one of two treatments. A 2-stage study design was utilized. In the first stage, 25 patients were randomized to receive paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 or docetaxel 75 mg/m2 in combination with infusional 5-FU 500 mg/m2/day for 5 days. Treatment was repeated every 3 weeks. In the presence of one or more responses observed in each groups, additional 19x2 patients should be enrolled and treated, so that the probability of response rate is 10% or higher. Results: Of Among 11 patients assessable for response in the paclitaxel group, 2 (18%) patients responded. With docetaxel, 4 (33%) of 12 assessable patients responded. The median time to treatment failure was 3.5 (paclitaxel) and 4.4 months (docetaxel). In 97 treatment cycles delivered (median: 3 in paclitaxel group, 5 in docetaxel group), dose reduction was required in 31 (32%) cycles and median relative dose intensities for paclitaxel, docetaxel and 5-FU were 89%, 88% and 72%, respectively. One patient in each groups died of toxicity during treatment and there were 30 episodes (31%) of grade 3/4 toxicity primarily stomatitis, asthenia, and neutropenia. Conclusions: The combination with docetaxel and 5-FU suggests a trend towards better tolerability and efficacy. The reasons for the poor results in this patient population are unclear, given the relatively good performance status of the patients studied. Alterations in dosing schedule may be needed to enhance activity with tolerable side effects. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Symposium: 비알콜성 지방간 및 지방간염 : 비알코올성 지방간질환의 병발질환 및 대사이상
Authors: 조용균 ( Yong Kyun Cho )
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2010)

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a wide spectrum of diseases that are ranging from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis. NAFLD has been recognized as a hepatic feature of metabolic syndrome linked with insulin resistance. Recent evidence supports that NAFLD is associated with numerous systemic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, type 2 diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome. Therefore, NAFLD should be newly considered not only liver specific disease but also an early mediator of systemic metabolic disease. The underlying mechanisms and pathogenesis of harmful effect of NAFLD on other medical disorder are yet to be fully understood, major questions remain that must be solved to decreased morbidity and mortality from the spectrum of NAFLD. So further research is needed for future therapeutic strategies of NAFLD. This review focuses on the relationship between NAFLD and various comorbid disease and metabolic derangement.
Abstract 243: Bystander CPR May Not Improve Survival from Cardiac Arrest in Patients with Epilepsy
Authors: Eric Stecker, Audrey Uy-Evanado, Kyndaron Reinier, Carmen Teodorescu, Karen Gunson, Jonathan Jui, Sumeet Chugh
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) is the major cause of death among patients with epilepsy and occurs in the absence of a terminal seizure in approximately two-thirds. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of conventional cardiac arrest resuscitation factors (Utstein elements) in predicting survival among patients with epilepsy. Methods: This analysis was conducted as part of a large, ongoing, population-based study of SCA in the Northwest US (the Oregon Sudden Unexpected Death Study, community pop. approx. 1 million). Data were obtained from multiple sources (first responders, medical practitioners and medical examiner) between 2002 and 2011 for adult patients with attempted resuscitation. Those with non-cardiac causes of arrest (e.g. severe COPD or metastatic cancer) were excluded. Those with a history of infantile febrile seizures or alcoholic withdrawal seizures were considered non-epileptic. The impact of Utstein resuscitation factors on survival to hospital discharge among patients with epilepsy was evaluated, as were differences in survival for each Utstein factor among patients with and without epilepsy. Results: There were 63 patients with epilepsy and 1403 patients without epilepsy who underwent resuscitation for SCA. The overall survival rate among patients with epilepsy was lower (3% vs 12%, p=0.014) despite identical rates of ROSC (36%, p=0.91). Survival was unaffected by any Utstein variable (age, gender, initial arrhythmia, witnessed status, location, bystander CPR, response time) and was lower for epilepsy patients receiving bystander CPR than for non-epilepsy patients (table). Conclusions: SCA survival rates for patients with epilepsy are low and are not appreciably improved by conventional resuscitation techniques. It is important to explore the basis for these observations and consider modifications to EMS activation, response and post-resuscitation hospital care in order to improve survival for patients with epilepsy.
The psychology of psychology: A thought experiment
Authors: Stephen J. Ceci, Wendy M. Williams
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2015)

Abstract In the target article, Duarte et al. allege that the lack of political diversity reduces research efficacy. We pose a thought experiment that could provide an empirical test by examining whether institutional review board (IRB) members, granting agencies, and journal reviewers filter scientific products based on political values, invoking scientific criteria (rigor, etc.) as their justification. When these same products are cast in terms highlighting opposite values, do these people shift their decisions?
Phase III randomized trial of definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with FOLFOX or cisplatin and fluorouracil in esophageal cancer (EC): Final results of the PRODIGE 5/ACCORD 17 trial.
Authors: Thierry Conroy, Marie-Pierre Galais, Jean Luc Raoul, Olivier Bouche, Sophie Gourgou-Bourgade, Jean-Yves Douillard, Pierre-Luc Etienne, Valérie Boige, Isabelle Martel-Lafay, Pierre Michel, Carmen Llacer-Moscardo, Jocelyne Berille, Laurent Bedenne, Antoine Adenis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

LBA4003 The full, final text of this abstract will be available at abstract.asco.org at 12:01 AM (EDT) on Saturday, June 2, 2012, and in the Annual Meeting Proceedings online supplement to the June 20, 2012, issue of Journal of Clinical Oncology. Onsite at the Meeting, this abstract will be printed in the Saturday edition of ASCO Daily News.
Circulating immune complexes in childhood malignancies: a Pediatric Oncology Group study.
Authors: R P Castleberry, M R Duncan, S Stagno, D J Fernbach, V Land
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1983)

Pretreatment serum samples obtained at diagnosis from 89 children with various pediatric malignancies were examined for circulating immune complexes (CIC) using the [125I]Clq binding assay. The study population consisted of 35 children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), 22 children with acute non-lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), 24 with neuroblastoma (NB), and eight with osteosarcoma (OS). Concomitant quantitation of immunoglobulins was performed in 55 patients, revealing normal values for age. Increased levels of CIC at diagnosis were found in 9%, 22%, 42%, and 50% of children with ALL, AML, NB, and OS, respectively. Except for a higher proportion of CIC-positive patients observed in stage IV NB (nine of 17) compared to stage I-III NB (one of seven), no correlation was observed between initial CIC level and presenting clinical features, response to treatment, prognosis, or presence of infection. Longitudinal sampling of six NB and two OS patients did not reveal a clear relationship between disease activity and quantity of CIC. For the pediatric malignancies studied, these data demonstrate minimal value in quantitating CIC as a means of assessing disease activity or predicting response to treatment and are in contrast to the apparently adverse effect of elevated pretreatment CIC on response to therapy and survival observed in adults with ALL, AML, and OS.
Influence of SLC22A1 (hOCT1) polymorphisms on imatinib mesylate pharmacokinetics in Asian patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia.
Authors: O. Singh, A. Mahajan, R. D. Ramasamy, C. Chuah, B. Chowbay
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e13594 Background: This study aimed to explore the influence of SLC22A1 IVS2+797C>G (rs4646274) polymorphism on the pharmacokinetics of imatinib mesylate (IM) in Asian patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Methods: A total of 37 patients were enrolled in a prospective pharmacogenetic study conducted in patients with CML, all receiving IM median dose 400 mg/day (range: 300-800 mg/day). The median age and weight of patients were 49 years (range: 24-71 years) and 68 kg (range: 47-135.5 kg) respectively. The majority of the patients were Chinese (86.5%) followed by Malays (10.8%) and Indians (2.7%). IM pharmacokinetics (C0h, C2h, and CL) were determined in the CML patients. SLC22A1 polymorphism IVS2+797C>G (rs4646274) was determined in all patients. The nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test were used to find the association between rs4646274 genotype status and IM pharmacokinetics in the CML patients. Results: The genotype frequencies of rs4646274 SNP were CC (37.8%); CG (40.5%) and GG (21.7%). Patients carrying the IVS2+797CG genotype had significantly lower median concentration of IM at 0hrs [C0hrs (*10-6 1/ml); 2.93; range: 1.7-4.61], 2hrs [C2hrs (*10-6 1/ml); 4.38; range: 1.49-6.88] and higher clearance at 0 hrs [CL0hrs (*10-2 L/hr/mg); 3.29; range: 1.88-6.14] compared to patients containing CC genotype [C0hrs (*10-6 1/ml); 4.23; range: 2.77-6.69; (p=0.002)], [C2hrs (*10-6 1/ml); 5.78; range: 2.07-9.61; (p=0.01)] and [CL (*10-2 L/hr/mg); 2.07; range: 1.26-3.76; (p=0.018), respectively] and patients with GG genotypes [C0hrs (*10-6 1/ml); 5.39; range: 2.9-8.2; (p=0.002)], [C2hrs (*10-6 1/ml); 7.68; range: 4.16-12.9; (p=0.004)] and [CL (*10-2 L/hr/mg); 1.96; range: 0.95-3.59; (p=0.02), respectively]. No significant differences were found between genotype CC and GG for IM pharmacokinetics. Of the 35 patients in whom data on BCR-ABL transcript levels were available, 5 were in complete molecular remission and 21 were in major molecular remission. Conclusions: This exploratory study suggests that SLC22A1 IVS2+797C>G polymorphism may influence the pharmacokinetics of IM in CML patients. Future validation in a larger sample size is ongoing. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Phase II study of cytarabine and etoposide in children with refractory or relapsed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a study of the French Society of Pediatric Oncology.
Authors: J C Gentet, C Patte, E Quintana, C Bergeron, H Rubie, F Pein, M C Demaille, T Philip, C Raybaud
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1990)

Twenty-five children or adolescents with relapsed or refractory non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) were included in this phase II study of the combination of cytarabine (ARA-C) 50 mg/m2/d by 12 hours continuous infusion day 1 to day 5, ARA-C 3 g/m2/d in 3 hours day 1 to day 4, and etoposide (VP 16) 200 mg/m2 daily from day 1 to day 4. Twelve patients had B-cell, 12 T-cell, and one non-T, non-B-cell lymphoma; according to Murphy's staging system, 15 had stage III and nine stage IV disease with bone marrow involvement at diagnosis. All had previously received ARA-C by push or continuous infusion. Two patients had received epipodophyllotoxins. At the time of the study, three children had initial refractory disease, 18 were in first relapse (14 on therapy), two in first refractory relapse, and two in second relapse (on therapy). The overall response rate (RR) was 60%: eight complete responses (CRs), seven partial responses (PRs) (two became CRs after a second course). The RR was 66% (four CRs plus four PRs) in B-cell and 54% (four CRs, three PRs) in non-B-cell NHL. It was 20% (one PR per five patients) in initial or relapsed refractory disease. In four patients with measurable CNS disease, there were three CRs. Duration of response was nonassessable since all the responding patients received high-dose polychemotherapy followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) (five are alive with long follow-up [FU]). Toxicity was marked mostly by pancytopenia for 2 weeks, and half the patients encountered a grade-3 infection. One severe diarrhea was observed. In conclusion, high-dose ARA-C (HD-ARA-C) and VP 16 are an effective regimen in relapsed NHL, especially with CNS disease, and its toxicity is acceptable with regards to the prognosis of the disease.
Pananemia 2008 multicenter observational study on erythropoietin beta treatment in patients with cancer: Efficacy, patient satisfaction, and impact on psychological distress
Authors: S. Del Prete, R. Addeo, L. Leo, S. Cinieri, V. Lorusso, B. Vincenzi, M. Bianco, C. Savastano, V. Montesarchio, G. Filippelli
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e20695 Background: Cancer-related anemia, results in both a need for transfusions and a decreased functional capacity and quality of life. Treating anemia associated with chemotherapy and many cancers is often necessary. However, patient satisfaction with anemia treatment, and the possible correlation between anemia and psychological distress frequently present in these patients is limited by the lack of validated instruments. Methods: Between January 2008 and December 2008, 591 cancer patients in treatment with erythropoietin beta for anemia were targeted to complete the Psychological Distress Inventory (PDI), a 13-item self-administered questionnaire, and the Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire ( PSQ) at 4 week intervals, a 10-item, self-administered questionnaire. Data from weeks 5 and 9 were analyzed. Patients were required to receive at least four weekly injections of Epo, expecting to receive ≥ 8 additional weeks of chemotherapy, and able to complete questionnaires. Results: Among patients fulfilling eligibility criteria and having received at least four Epo Beta administrations, most (57.5%) of them were female, with a median age of 66 (52.4 - 76.5), and a median KPS of 85 (range: 50–100). 399 patients had a stage IV cancers. Hemoglobin values increased from mean baseline levels of 9.55 g/dL, to attain levels 10.31 at week 5, and 11.05 after 8 weeks of therapy; 247 (42%) patients received iron supplementation. For PDI, the overall response rate was 93 % (548/591) at baseline, 100 % (517/517) at week 5, and 99% (491/492) at week 9. The percentage of patients with psychological difficulties decreased during the treatment. For PSQ, the overall response rate was 100% (517/517) at week 5, and 100 % (492/492) at week 9. The PSQ questionnaires showed that a conspicuous group of patients (124/517) marked troubles to accept the treatment. Conclusions: Our results suggest that in anemic cancer patients psychological distress and anemia were related. PSQ reflect the burden of injection anemia treatment on cancer patients. Final data analysis will be presented. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Secondary acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood.
Authors: C B Pratt, C H Pui
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1992)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1992.10.5.866 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 1569459 Secondary acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood. C B PrattxC B PrattSearch for articles by this author , C H PuixC H PuiSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1992.10.5.866 PDF "Secondary acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 10(5), p. 866© 1992 by American Society of Clinical Oncology