tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Use of a Vaginal Ring Containing Dapivirine for HIV-1 Prevention in Women
Authors: Jared M. Baeten, Thesla Palanee-Phillips, Elizabeth R. Brown, Katie Schwartz, Lydia E. Soto-Torres, Vaneshree Govender, Nyaradzo M. Mgodi, Flavia Matovu Kiweewa, Gonasagrie Nair, Felix Mhlanga, Samantha Siva, Linda-Gail Bekker, Nitesha Jeenarain, Zakir Gaffoor, Francis Martinson, Bonus Makanani, Arendevi Pather, Logashvari Naidoo, Marla Husnik, Barbra A. Richardson, Urvi M. Parikh, John W. Mellors, Mark A. Marzinke, Craig W. Hendrix, Ariane van der Straten, Gita Ramjee, Zvavahera M. Chirenje, Clemensia Nakabiito, Taha E. Taha, Judith Jones, Ashley Mayo, Rachel Scheckter, Jennifer Berthiaume, Edward Livant, Cindy Jacobson, Patrick Ndase, Rhonda White, Karen Patterson, Donna Germuga, Beth Galaska, Katherine Bunge, Devika Singh, Daniel W. Szydlo, Elizabeth T. Montgomery, Barbara S. Mensch, Kristine Torjesen, Cynthia I. Grossman, Nahida Chakhtoura, Annalene Nel, Zeda Rosenberg, Ian McGowan, Sharon Hillier
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

Antiretroviral medications that are used as prophylaxis can prevent acquisition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. However, in clinical trials among African women, the incidence of HIV-1 infection was not reduced, probably because of low adherence. Longer-acting methods of drug delivery, such as vaginal rings, may simplify use of antiretroviral medications and provide HIV-1 protection.
Mental health in cystic fibrosis: turning the tide
Authors: Trudy Havermans, Doris Staab
Journal: Thorax (2015)

In this issue the keenly awaited Mental Health Guidelines in Cystic Fibrosis (CF) are published.1 These guidelines are the result of the work of an international group of experts formed by the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation (CFF) and the European Cystic Fibrosis Society (ECFS). Fifteen years ago, the UK CF Trust Standards of Care described the important role played by a clinical psychologist as part of the CF multidisciplinary team.2 This role was reinforced in the ECFS 2005 Standards of Care document.3 The updated ECFS Best Practice Guidelines, published last year, made recommendations for surveillance and interventions to support patients and families with mental health problems.4 The CF community can be proud of their constant interest in and awareness of the psychological wellbeing of the patients they care for. In research, for more than 20 years a wide spectrum of topics have been studied, including quality of life, burden of treatment, treatment adherence, coping, life satisfaction, reproductive and sexual health, parenting, transition, end-of-life care etc. A recent (personal communication) survey by the Psychosocial Special Interest Group (working group of the ECFS) showed that 71 psychologist have dedicated hours to care for patients with CF (ranging from 10% to 100%) in 14 European countries. However, from a recent survey5 we also know that mental health care delivery in CF is inadequate and highly variable across care centres and countries. This survey was distributed by the CFF and ECFS to approximately …
Basal ganglia volumes and white matter hyperintensities in patients with bipolar disorder
Authors: E H Aylward, J V Roberts-Twillie, P E Barta, A J Kumar, G J Harris, M Geer, C E Peyser, G D Pearlson
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

Accumulating evidence suggests an association between abnormalities of the basal ganglia and affective disorders. The authors hypothesized that patients with bipolar disorder would demonstrate smaller basal ganglia volumes and a greater number of hyperintensities on magnetic resonance imaging than comparison subjects who were matched on age, race, sex, and education.Volumes of the caudate, putamen, and globus pallidus were measured in 30 patients with bipolar disorder and 30 matched normal comparison subjects. The presence, number, and location of hyperintensities were also assessed.Male patients with bipolar disorder demonstrated larger caudate volumes than male comparison subjects. Older, but not younger, patients with bipolar disorder demonstrated more hyperintensities than comparison subjects, primarily in frontal lobe white matter.These results are not consistent with those of previous studies showing reduced basal ganglia volume in subjects with affective disorders, but they are consistent with previous findings of increased white matter hyperintensities, especially in older patients with bipolar disorder. Considered together with results from other studies, the findings suggest that the nature of basal ganglia/subcortical white matter involvement may differ according to the type of depression (unipolar versus bipolar) and the age and sex of the patient.
Prolonged follow-up confirms that all-trans retinoic acid followed by chemotherapy reduces the risk of relapse in newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia. The French APL Group [letter]
Authors: P Fenaux, E Wattel, E Archimbaud, M Sanz, B Hecquet, N Fegueux, A Guerci, H Link, M Fey, S Castaigne
Journal: Blood (1994)
FGFR1 Is a Potential Prognostic Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Koos Koole, Diede Brunen, Pauline M.W. van Kempen, Rob Noorlag, Remco de Bree, Cor Lieftink, Robert J.J. van Es, René Bernards, Stefan M. Willems
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

FGFR1 is a promising therapeutic target in multiple types of solid tumors, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). FGFR inhibitors have shown great therapeutic value in preclinical models. However, resistance remains a major setback. In this study, we have investigated the prognostic value of FGFR1 expression in HNSCC, the therapeutic relevance of targeting FGFR with AZD4547, and potential resistant mechanisms.IHC and FISH were applied on tissue microarrays to investigate FGFR1 protein expression and FGFR1 gene copy numbers in 452 HNSCCs. The sensitivity of HNSCC cell lines to AZD4547, either as single or combination treatment with the EGFR inhibitor gefitinib, was assessed using long-term colony formation assays, short-term viability assays, and biochemical analysis.FGFR1 protein overexpression occurred in 82% (36/44) of human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive HNSCC and 75% (294/392) of HPV-negative HNSCC and relates with poor overall survival and disease-free survival in HPV-negative HNSCC [HR, 3.07; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.74-6.90; P = 0.001 and HR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.04-2.39; P = 0.033]. Moreover, the FGFR1 gene was amplified in 3% (3/110) of HPV-negative HNSCC. Treatment of the high FGFR1-expressing cell line CCL30 with AZD4547 reduced cell proliferation and FGFR signaling. Two FGFR-amplified cell lines, SCC147 and BICR16, were resistant to AZD4547 treatment due to EGFR signaling. Combined AZD4547 and gefitinib treatment synergistically inhibited the proliferation of resistant cell lines.Here, we identify high FGFR1 expression as a candidate prognostic biomarker in HPV-negative HNSCC. Furthermore, we provide a rationale for treating FGFR1-expressing HNSCC with the FGFR inhibitor AZD4547 and for combining AZD4547 and gefitinib in FGFR inhibitor-resistant HNSCC patients. Clin Cancer Res; 22(15); 3884-93. ©2016 AACR.
Level of circulating endothelial cells as new biomarker in patients with multiple myeloma, treated with bortezomib-pegylated liposomal doxorubicin-dexamethasone combination
Authors: A. Gevorgyan, V. Pitini, C. Arrigo, G. Altavilla, C. Naro, M. Alu, G. Procopio, E. Verzoni, M. Platania, E. Bajetta
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

17551 Background: Bortezomib is a proteasome inhibitor and has effects on both multiple myeloma (MM) tumor cells and stromal cells. Recent data suggests that relative levels of circulating endothelial cells (CECs) may serve as surrogate markers of myeloma activity. Hence, we assay the number of CECs by cell phenotype, to explore the activity and response to treatment with BMD (Bortezomib, Myocet, Dexametasone) in previously untreated MM patients. Methods: Twelve pts. with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma were enrolled in this study. Panel of monoclonal antibodies and appropriate analysis gates were used to enumerate CECs. Patients received Bortezomib 1.3 mg/m 2 on days 1, 4, 8 and 11, pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (30 mg/m 2 -Myocet) on day 1 and dexamethasone (40 mg/daily for 4days) for four cycles (q21) before Cyclophosphamide (5 g/m 2 ) and G-CSF mobilization, followed by peripheral blood stem cell collection. The pts received high-dose Melphalan (MEL200) with PBSC transplantation. Samples of healthy controls were used to compare CECs levels. Results: After the treatment with BMD 4 patients had a complete remission, 2 nCR, 5 VGPR and 1 PD. All pts. underwent PBSC mobilization and 11 out of 12 were mobilized, with a median of 3.50 × 10 6 CD34 + cells/Kg collected with a median of 2 (range 1–4) collection procedures. Responding pts. (11) received high-dose Melphalan with stem cell transplantation. The median time to reach neutrophil and platelet regeneration was 13.5 days and 13 days respectively. In healthy controls (N° 18) mean values of CECs were 0.05% (0.1–0.62). Before treatment with BMD mean CECs level in study patients was 0.79% (0.54–1.53). After BMD treatment CECs in responding pts. was 0.07% (0.1–0.70; p &lt; 0.01). Conclusion: BMD combination therapy in newly diagnosed MM pts. has a high response rate, it does not influence on subsequent stem cell collection, is associated with modest toxicity, furthermore, CECs value can serve as new biomarker for myeloma activity. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
General-practitioner Maternity Units
Authors: B N Littlepage
Journal: BMJ (1962)

A study of information available for monitoring care was made during 1974 in 46 general-practitioner maternity units in the South-west of England. The information available did not form an adequate basis for monitoring at area level. Although many deliveries take place in general-practitioner maternity units in the South-west, perinatal mortality rates are low. Transfer of babies to a consultant unit, after the delivery is, however, commoner than elsewhere in England and Wales.
Urinary Excretion by Cancer Patients of the Nucleosides N 2 , N 2 -Dimethylguanosine, 1-Methylinosine, and Pseudouridine 2
Authors: T. Phillip Waalkes, Stanley R. Dinsmere, John E. Mrochek
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

Through high-pressure, high-resolution, liquid ion exchange chromatography, in association with such analytic tools as gas chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and high- and low-resolution mass spectrometry, the nucleosides N2,N2-dimethylguanosine, 1-methylinosine, and pseudouridine, were identified and quantitatively determined in the urine of normal control subjects and patients with cancer. These nucleosides were derived primarily from transfer RNA, and their excretion reflected the turnover of that macromolecule. In this preliminary study of several types of malignancies, we noted increased excretion of these compounds in at least half of the patients, as compared with normal controls.
Results of CAV regimen (CCNU, Melphalan, and VP-16) as third-line salvage therapy for Hodgkin's disease
Authors: E Brusamolino, E Orlandi, A Canevari, E Morra, G Castelli, E P Alessandrino, G Pagnucco, P Bernasconi, C Astori, M Lazzarino
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1994)
Influence of Dietary Fat on Spontaneous Lesions of Syrian Golden Hamsters&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: D F Birt, P M Pour
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1983)

Dietary corn oil was consumed by Syrian golden hamsters at levels of 4.5 g [low fat (LF)] or 18 g [high fat (HF)]/385 kilocalories (kcal) from 3 to 7 weeks of age followed by a diet containing 9 g [medium fat (MF)]/385 kcal for life. In other groups MF diet was given from 3 to 7 weeks of age and followed by either LF or HF for life. A separate group was fed MF continuously after 3 weeks of age. Spontaneous lesions, which were altered by these dietary protocols, are reported. An HF diet fed after 8 weeks increased the incidence of flank organ hyperplasia and prostatitis, but it decreased prostatic fibrosis in males. Consumption of HF diets after 8 weeks by females increased survival and resulted in an elevated incidence of thyroid adenomas, ovarian cell hyperplasia, vaginal papillomas, and adrenal cortical cell adenomas. In age-adjusted data the increase in ovarian cell hyperplasia and adrenal cortical cell adenomas was shown to be due to HF diet and not to be a consequence of extended survival. Periodontitis and calcification of cardiac tissues decreased in hamsters fed HF diets after 8 weeks, but cell vacuolization and hyperplasia of the anterior pituitary gland and epithelial hyperplasia in the forestomach were increased. Salivary gland adenocarcinomas were observed only in hamsters fed HF diets. Feeding HF levels, either during weeks 3-7 or after week 8, decreased osteofibrosis and otitis media and increased urinary bladder epithelial hyperplasia, adrenal cortical cell lipomatosis, and bone chondrosis. Calcification of gastric and renal arteries decreased as dietary fat levels increased either before or after 8 weeks of age in males and only when fed after 8 weeks in females. Colitis and focal glandular hyperplasia of the colon mucosa were increased in both sexes by an HF diet being given before or after 8 weeks of age.
A Strong Correlation Between Spot Urine Protein To Creatinine Ratio and 24-Hour Urine Protein Quantification For Proteinuria Assessment In Patients With Plasma Cell Dyscrasia
Authors: Apuri Susmitha, Taiga Nishihori, Karen Lin, Rachid Baz, Binglin Yue, Jongphil Kim, Kenneth H. Shain, Elias Doumit, Jose L Ochoa-Bayona, Daniel M Sullivan, Melissa Alsina, Benjamin Djulbegovic
Journal: Blood (2013)
Ultrastructural Studies of Surface Features of Human Normal and Tumor Cells in Tissue Culture by Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy2
Authors: Matthew A. Gonda, Stuart A. Aaronson, Nelson Ellmore, Victor H. Zeve, Kunio Nagashima
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

Journal Article Ultrastructural Studies of Surface Features of Human Normal and Tumor Cells in Tissue Culture by Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy Get access Matthew A. Gonda, Matthew A. Gonda 3Frederick Cancer Research Center (Litton Bionetics, Inc.), P.O. Box B, Frederick, Md. 21701. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Stuart A. Aaronson, Stuart A. Aaronson 4NCI, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Bethesda, Md. 20014. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nelson Ellmore, Nelson Ellmore 5Hazelton Laboratories, 9200 Leesburg Pike, Vienna, Va. 22180. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Victor H. Zeve, Victor H. Zeve 4NCI, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Bethesda, Md. 20014. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Kunio Nagashima Kunio Nagashima 3Frederick Cancer Research Center (Litton Bionetics, Inc.), P.O. Box B, Frederick, Md. 21701. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 56, Issue 2, February 1976, Pages 245–263, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/56.2.245 Published: 01 February 1976 Article history Received: 01 May 1975 Accepted: 05 September 1975 Published: 01 February 1976
Expression of Myeloid Markers Lacks Prognostic Impact in Children Treated for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Italian Experience in AIEOP-ALL 88-91 Studies
Authors: Maria Caterina Putti, Roberto Rondelli, Maria Grazia Cocito, Maurizio Aricó, Laura Sainati, Valentino Conter, Cesare Guglielmi, Angelo Cantú-Rajnoldi, Rita Consolini, Andrea Pession, Luigi Zanesco, Giuseppe Masera, Andrea Biondi, Giuseppe Basso
Journal: Blood (1998)
Vital Signs: Preventing Antibiotic-Resistant Infections in Hospitals — United States, 2014
Authors: Lindsey M. Weiner, Scott K. Fridkin, Zuleika Aponte-Torres, Lacey Avery, Nicole Coffin, Margaret A. Dudeck, Jonathan R. Edwards, John A. Jernigan, Rebecca Konnor, Minn M. Soe, Kelly Peterson, L. Clifford McDonald
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2016)

Health care-associated antibiotic-resistant (AR) infections increase patient morbidity and mortality and might be impossible to successfully treat with any antibiotic. CDC assessed health care-associated infections (HAI), including Clostridium difficile infections (CDI), and the role of six AR bacteria of highest concern nationwide in several types of health care facilities.During 2014, approximately 4,000 short-term acute care hospitals, 501 long-term acute care hospitals, and 1,135 inpatient rehabilitation facilities in all 50 states reported data on specific infections to the National Healthcare Safety Network. National standardized infection ratios and their percentage reduction from a baseline year for each HAI type, by facility type, were calculated. The proportions of AR pathogens and HAIs caused by any of six resistant bacteria highlighted by CDC in 2013 as urgent or serious threats were determined.In 2014, the reductions in incidence in short-term acute care hospitals and long-term acute care hospitals were 50% and 9%, respectively, for central line-associated bloodstream infection; 0% (short-term acute care hospitals), 11% (long-term acute care hospitals), and 14% (inpatient rehabilitation facilities) for catheter-associated urinary tract infection; 17% (short-term acute care hospitals) for surgical site infection, and 8% (short-term acute care hospitals) for CDI. Combining HAIs other than CDI across all settings, 47.9% of Staphylococcus aureus isolates were methicillin resistant, 29.5% of enterococci were vancomycin-resistant, 17.8% of Enterobacteriaceae were extended-spectrum beta-lactamase phenotype, 3.6% of Enterobacteriaceae were carbapenem resistant, 15.9% of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were multidrug resistant, and 52.6% of Acinetobacter species were multidrug resistant. The likelihood of HAIs caused by any of the six resistant bacteria ranged from 12% in inpatient rehabilitation facilities to 29% in long-term acute care hospitals.Although there has been considerable progress in preventing some HAIs, many remaining infections could be prevented with implementation of existing recommended practices. Depending upon the setting, more than one in four of HAIs excluding CDI are caused by AR bacteria.Physicians, nurses, and health care leaders need to consistently and comprehensively follow all recommendations to prevent catheter- and procedure-related infections and reduce the impact of AR bacteria through antimicrobial stewardship and measures to prevent spread.
Tle3 is a Useful Surrogate Marker for Predicting Eribulin Chemo-Sensitivity in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Shinichiro Kashiwagi, Yuka Asano, Kento Kurata, Tamami Morisaki, Satoru Noda, Hidemi Kawajiri, Tsutomu Takashima, Naoyoshi Onoda, Masahiko Ohsawa, Kosei Hirakawa
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
SCell-Mediated Immune Response to Shope Fibroma Virus-Induced Tumors in Adult Rabbits&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Scott, Charles B., Holdbrook, Roxanne, Sell, Stewart
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

The parameters of cell-mediated immune responses of adult rabbits infected with Shope fibroma virus (SFV) were characterized by measurement of the size of local draining nodes, number of cells per lymph node, mitogen responses of lymphocytes, and kinetics of virus-specific cell-mediated lymphocytotoxicity (CML). In addition, the cytolytic effector population was characterized. After intradermal injections, tumors appeared within 3-4 days, reached maximum size in 10-12 days, and then regressed completely with 24 days. The size of local popliteal lymph nodes, in particular the diffuse cortex (paracortex), and the number of cells per node increased during tumor growth but then declined as the tumor regressed. Maximum specific CML to SFV-infected kidney cell monolayers (RK-13) occurred 10 days after inoculation of SFV and correlated with the initiation of tumor regression. Adult cytotoxic lymphocytes passed through nylon wool, and most of their activity was removed by treatment with antithymocyte globulin plus complement. Cytotoxic T-cells from SFV tumor-bearing rabbits killed only targets infected with SFV and not targets uninfected or infected with vaccinia virus. Therefore, T-cell-mediated virus-specific CML appeared as a major immune effector mechanism that correlated with tumor regression. However, antibody-dependent cell-mediated and NK cytotoxicity were also demonstrable. The presence of different cell-mediated cytotoxic mechanisms suggested a heterogeneity of effector mechanism.
From evaluation to continuous quality assurance of surveillance systems
Authors: G Krause
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2006)

Surveillance systems have been described as the nerve cells of public health with afferent arms receiving information, cell bodies analysing the information and efferent arms initiating appropriate action or further distribution of information [1]. Increasing numbers of scientific publications on the methodology and evaluation of surveillance systems seem to underline the importance of surveillance systems in public health. The most often cited references in these publications appear to be the definition of public health surveillance by Thacker and Berkelman [2] and variations thereof, and the recommendations for evaluating surveillance systems from 1988 [3] and its update from 2002 written by working groups at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in the United States[4].
Proteomic profiling of alveolar epithelial cells exposed to cigarette smoke extract
Authors: Alessandra Mossina, Juliane Merl, Oliver Vosyka, Oliver Eickelberg, Stefanie M. Hauck, Silke Meiners
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Cigarette smoke (CS) is the most relevant risk factor in the development of lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. CS contains more than 4000 chemicals, many of which are known to be strongly oxidizing and carcinogenic. These compounds can easily interact with proteins of the first environmental barrier of the lung, the epithelial cells, thereby inducing post-translational modifications and alterations of structure and abundance of proteins.  The aim of this study is to use label-free quantitative mass spectrometry (i.e. LC-MSMS) to globally assess changes in the proteomic profile of different cellular compartments of alveolar epithelial A549 cells after exposure to cigarette smoke extract (CSE).  We successfully enriched plasma membrane, cytosolic, nuclear and secreted proteins in different fractions that were subsequently analyzed by LC-MSMS. The performed fractionation workflow proved to be highly reproducible for the A549 cells and resulted in the identification of altogether more than 2000 proteins.  Using a comparative approach, we are currently investigating cell fractions from epithelial cells exposed to CSE. This will allow for the identification of altered protein profiles at plasma membranes, in the cytoplasm and nucleus as well as the analysis of differentially secreted proteins. Moreover, we aim for the identification of post-translational modifications of these affected proteins.  Ultimately, the results of this study may lead to the identification of affected cellular pathways, therefore improving our understanding of the effect of CS on the alveolar epithelial cells and consequently in the context of lung diseases.