tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Breast cancer submicrometastasis detection in sentinel lymph node by molecular biology techniques: A new tumor staging method?
Authors: F. Perazzo, V. Denninghoff V, A. Avagnina, F. Paesani, D. Allende, A. García, G. Crimi, E. Abalo, B. Elsner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

21120 Background: The purpose of this study was to analyze by molecular biology techniques (MBT) the presence of RNAm of mammaglobin (MAG) A and B in breast sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) by RT-PCR, and to correlate these findings with breast tumor characteristics. Methods: SLN from 51 patients with breast tumors smaller than or equal to 3 cm, with no palpable axillary lymphadenopathies were included. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE), immunohistochemistry study (IHC) and MBT were performed. Patients’ staging was assessed according to Saint Gallen's Consensus. Twenty-five patients had clinical follow-up. Results: HE showed metastasis in 4/51 cases, 5/51 were detected with IHC, and one of them negative for HE. MBT allowed the detection of 18/51 positive SN, which included the 5 above-mentioned cases. The other lymph nodes herein studied (33/51) showed no metastases with MBT. Patients’ mean age was 58 years, tumor's mean size was 0.96 cm. The average follow-up was 15 months (range: 1–29 months). The patient with a recurrence at 23 months of clinical follow-up was found to be the only one with HE (+), IHC (+), MAG-A (+) and MAG-B (+). Conclusions: SN study with HE fails to identify all SN with metastases. Immunohistochemistry and MBT increase metastasis detection. Multiplex RT-PCR technique for A and B MAG proves to be specific and sensitive. No direct relationship was found between the risk factors analyzed and the expression of MAG. Therefore, MAG could be used independently as a prognostic factor. The presence of hidden metastasis plays a significant role mainly in the overall survival rate of pre- and postmenopausal patients. This study will be useful to formulate hypotheses. Further research, including a larger population and a longer follow-up period, will be required to confirm these hypotheses. Should our findings be confirmed in the future, molecular biology determinations could modify patients staging and treatment. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract P048: Effect of Hurricane Katrina on Medication Adherence and Blood Pressure among Hypertensive Veterans
Authors: Angela M Thompson, M.A. Krousel-Wood, Hao Mei, Larry Webber, Jiang He, Lydia Bazzano
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background. An increase in cardiovascular events and blood pressure (BP) has been reported in the aftermath of major natural disasters. This increase may be due to acute psychological stress, physiologic suffering, or lack of appropriate healthcare services in these situations. Objectives. Using retrospective cohort data from the Veterans Administration, we examined the impact of Hurricane Katrina on medication adherence and BP control among 1000 hypertensive patients from New Orleans, Louisiana compared to 1000 patients from an area not affected by the hurricane, Alexandria, Louisiana. Methods. Antihypertensive medication refills were identified from electronic pharmacy records, and blood pressure readings recorded during routine examinations were extracted from electronic patient data. Adherence to antihypertensive medications was assessed using the medication possession ratio (MPR), a standard method of quantifying refills. MPR was classified as low (&lt;0.80) or high (≥0.80). Multivariable-adjusted regression methods were used to examine change in BP from the 6 months before the hurricane to 6 months after the hurricane. Results. In the year before Hurricane Katrina, the proportion of patients with low MPR was similar for patients in New Orleans (11.8% [106 of 902]) and Alexandria (11.3% [105 of 931], p-value=0.75 for group differences). In the year following the hurricane, there was a significant increase in the proportion of New Orleans patients with low MPR (24.1% [155 of 643]), compared to Alexandria (11.2% [94 of 838], p-value&lt;0.001 for group differences). The unadjusted mean (95% Confidence Interval) increase in BP from the pre-Katrina to post-Katrina period was 6.6 (4.7, 8.3) mmHg systolic/5.7 (4.6, 6.8) mmHg diastolic and 2.1 (0.8, 3.5) mmHg systolic/1.2 (0.4, 2.0) mmHg diastolic among patients in New Orleans and Alexandria, respectively (p-value&lt;0.001 for group differences). After adjustment for age, race, pre-Katrina BP, and post-Katrina MPR as a continuous variable, the mean increase in BP remained significantly higher among patients in New Orleans at 5.9 (4.3, 7.6) mmHg systolic/4.5 (3.5, 5.5) mmHg diastolic, compared to those in Alexandria where mean increase was 2.0 (0.8, 3.2) mmHg systolic /1.5 (0.7, 2.2) mmHg diastolic (p-value &lt; 0.001 for group differences). Conclusion. BP significantly increased among hypertensive veterans in New Orleans as compared to Alexandria after Hurricane Katrina. This increase was only in part explained by changes in medication adherence. Future disaster planning should provide veterans with a rapid and easily-available method of accessing medications and health services and should anticipate increased BP and potential cardiovascular events among patients with hypertension.
Inter-pathologist agreement of residual cancer burden (rcb) assessment in breast cancer after treatment with preoperative chemotherapy
Authors: F. Peintinger, C. Hatzis, J. Morkowski, R. Hubbard, C. T. Albarracin, G. Qureshi, L. Pusztai, W. F. Symmans
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

576 Background: The objective of the study was to evaluate the agreement of residual cancer burden (RCB) measurements—a method to quantify residual disease (RD) after preoperative chemotherapy—when assessed by different pathologists. Methods: One hundred cases with residual in situ, invasive, or metastatic carcinoma were selected from a previous published series. Pathology slides and reports were reviewed independently by four pathologists, including a fellow, a visitor, and two faculty at MDACC. Percent tumor cellularity, size of tumor bed, size of largest axillary metastasis and number of involved nodes were assessed separately by each pathologist and RCB categories were assigned to each case following calculation of the RCB index (www.mdanderson.org/breastcancer_RCB): RCB-0 corresponds to pCR, RCB-I to minimal RD, RCB-II to moderate RD and RCB-III corresponds to extensive RD. Inter-pathologist agreement in the assessment of the continuous RCB index and its components was evaluated based on the overall concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) and agreement in the RCB category assignments was assessed based on the kappa coefficient. Results: The overall CCC for the continuous RCB index among the four pathologists was 94.4%, with replicate assessments having excellent accuracy (99.4%) and good precision (95%). The overall kappa for the four RCB category assignments was 0.594 (95% CI 0.537 to 0.647), indicating very good overall agreement. Extensive RD was assessed most consistently (κ=0.69), whereas minimal RD assignment was the least consistent (κ=0.536). The greatest inter-observer variability was in the assessment of percent tumor cellularity (OCCC=65.3%) and to a lesser extent in the assessment of tumor bed size (OCCC=74.7%). For each observer, RCB index was prognostic for distant relapse-free survival (66 months median follow-up): HR 3.46 (95% CI 2.07 to 6.23), HR 2.84 (1.78 to 4.84), HR 2.78 (1.77 to 4.59), and HR 2.66 (1.68 to 4.49). Conclusions: The inter-observer agreement of the RCB index and RCB categories is high among pathologists, and the prognostic utility is consistent. RCB is a reliable quantitative measure of residual disease that can be consistently assessed by pathologists. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Nuvera Biosciences Inc. Nuvera Biosciences Inc.
A single-center study of the utility of squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCAg) levels in epidermoid carcinoma of the anal canal and margin (ECACM) treated with chemoradiation (CRT)
Authors: A. Swampillai, M. Williams, M. Osborne, S. Mawdsley, R. Hughes, M. Harrison, R. Glynne-Jones
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

4117 Background: SCCAg is a tumour marker expressed by ECACM, measured by microparticle enzyme immunoassay; normal range 0–150ng/dl. Methods: This retrospective study examined the role of SCCAg in staging and prediction of recurrence in 195 patients (pts); 76 m:119 f with ECACM treated 1997–2007. All 195 were treated with CRT- (50.4Gy in 28 fractions of 1.8 Gy with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) + mitomycin (MMC). Radiotherapy comprised the schedule of the UK Anal cancer Trial (ACT II). Variations included 5FU and cisplat, and capecitabine. 30 had neo-adjuvant chemotherapy followed by CRT and 3 pts had planned surgery followed by CRT. Median follow up was 36 months (range 1 - 168). Median age was 61 years (range 30 -91). In 149 pts with SCCAg samples taken prior to CRT, 107 had one or more samples taken at follow up at 3 - 6 monthly intervals. Clinical stage at diagnosis- Tx (6) T1 (28), T2 (80), T3 (65), T4 (16), N0 (126), N+ (66) Nx (3). Results: Mean baseline SCCAg by cT and cN stage were: T1 93 (ng/dl), T2 300, T3 607, T4 882, N0 376, N+ 529 (correlation coeff: T: 0.47, N: 0.33, both p&lt; 0.001). 135 patients had baseline SCCAg with a documented response on completion of CRT. The mean baseline SCCAg for pts achieving CR was 408 and non CR was 513 (p = 0.13). Sensitivity of baseline SCCAg to predict relapse was 0.56 (specificity 0.4). Sensitivity of two consecutive elevated SCC levels during the follow up period in patients who achieved a CR to predict for relapse was 0.56 and specificity 0.83. The positive likelihood ratio was 3.3 (1.8 - 6.1) and the negative was 0.53 (0.3 - 0.9). Conclusions: There is a correlation between T and N stage and baseline SCC. In follow-up, a sustained rise in SCCAg increases the odds of relapse three-fold. We recommend SCCAg measurement in the first year after CRT. [Table: see text]
Hyaluronic acid-shelled acid-activatable paclitaxel prodrug micelles effectively target and treat CD44-overexpressing human breast tumor xenografts in vivo
Authors: Yinan Zhong, Katharina Goltsche, Liang Cheng, Fang Xie, Fenghua Meng, Chao Deng, Zhiyuan Zhong, Rainer Haag
Journal: Biomaterials (2016)
Chemotherapy for induction of remission of childhood acute myeloid leukemia followed by marrow transplantation or multiagent chemotherapy: a report from the Childrens Cancer Group.
Authors: M E Nesbit, J D Buckley, S A Feig, J R Anderson, B Lampkin, I D Bernstein, T H Kim, S Piomelli, J H Kersey, P F Coccia
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1994)

PURPOSE In an effort to evaluate the usefulness of bone marrow transplantation, the Childrens Cancer Group (CCG) initiated a multiinstitutional study comparing bone marrow transplantation versus chemotherapy after successful induction of remission for previously untreated children and young adults with acute myeloid leukemia. PATIENTS AND METHODS From 1979 to 1983, 508 patients were entered onto this study and 490 were treated. After induction, patients with an HLA mixed leukocyte culture (MLC)-compatible sibling underwent bone marrow transplantation. Patients not eligible for bone marrow transplantation were eligible for randomization to two chemotherapy maintenance regimens. All patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation were conditioned with cyclophosphamide and total-body irradiation (TBI). Methotrexate was used to prevent or modify graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). RESULTS Three hundred eighty-one patients achieved bone marrow remission (78%). Eighty-nine patients had an HLA/MLC-compatible sibling donor and were eligible for bone marrow transplantation, and 252 had no match. Comparison of survival estimates for patients eligible for transplantation versus not eligible at 3 years (52% v 41%), 5 years (50% v 36%), and 8 years (47% v 34%) showed a significant difference in favor of bone marrow transplantation (P &lt; .05). Disease-free survival (DFS) demonstrated similar results. Application of a cure model to the results showed a better outcome for those eligible for transplantation (P = .04). Patients randomized between the two chemotherapy regimens did not show any significant difference between those treated with a continuous maintenance versus a cyclic regimen (P = .16). CONCLUSION Children and young adults who successfully achieved a remission with multiple-agent chemotherapy who had an HLA/MLC-compatible donor and were thus eligible for an allogeneic bone marrow transplant had better survival than those not eligible for transplantation.
Insights into the stem cell origin of human cancers by studying a registry of bone marrow and other organ transplant recipients who later developed solid cancers
Authors: S. H. Barsky, Y. Ye, Y. Xiao, K. Yearsley
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

11010 Background: The existence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in solid cancers has been presumed based on properties of self- renewal, multipotency and embryonal markers exhibited by tumor cell subpopulations in vitro. But the in vivo existence for CSCs is still unproven. Because of isolated reports of tumors of donor origin arising in transplant recipients and because of the stem cell implications of this finding, we studied a registry of transplant recipients who later developed solid cancers to investigate this issue. Methods: We studied 165 renal, 25 heart, 25 liver, 10 lung and 55 bone marrow transplant recipients. The solid cancers arising in these patients included skin, soft tissue, lung, liver, kidney, breast and others. 48% of these transplants were from different sex donors. We created a tissue microarray (TMA) consisting of the secondary solid cancers, adjacent normal tissues and control cancers from non-transplant patients. We conducted XY chromosome FISH and, in selected cases, microsatellite marker, ploidy and gene rearrangement studies. Results: Approximately 12% of the solid cancers arising in non-sex matched transplant recipients were of donor origin. The majority of these were in patients receiving a bone marrow transplant and were secondary cancers. This was seen in both female as well as male recipients. The numbers may actually have been higher than observed because some cancers of male origin spontaneously lost the Y chromosome. Conversely in some donor organs where primary solid cancers arose, the cancers were recipient in origin in 8% of the cases. In selected cases, microsatellite marker studies confirmed the FISH results of donor v. recipient origin. Ploidy and gene rearrangement studies excluded lymphocytic fusion or donor-recipient chimerism as mechanisms to explain the findings. Conclusions: Our studies suggest that solid cancers arising in transplant recipients can take origin from stem cells that are derived from either the transplanted organ (usually bone marrow) or the host. In either case these stem cells do not initially reside in the organ where the cancer developed. These observations could explain the rareness of transformation, tumor dormancy, local recurrence and distal metastasis. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Preoperative chemotherapy followed by surgery with possible postoperative radiotherapy in squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus: evaluation of the chemotherapy component.
Authors: R W Carey, A D Hilgenberg, E W Wilkins, N C Choi, D J Mathisen, H Grillo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1986)

Twenty-four patients with squamous cell cancer of the esophagus were entered into a treatment protocol consisting of preoperative chemotherapy (CT), surgical resection (SR), and possible postoperative CT or radiation therapy (RT) beginning August 1981. CT consisted of two cycles of 5-fluorouracil, 1,000 mg/m2, by continuous intravenous infusion for 4 days and cisplatin, 100 mg/m2, on day 4 with mannitol-induced diuresis at 4-week intervals. Postoperatively, RT was administered when resection margins were minimal or if paraesophageal nodes were abnormal; the RT consisted of 5,000 to 5,400 cGy to the tumor area plus a 800- to 1,200-cGy boost to known abnormal tumor margins. Nineteen of 24 patients were resectable (79%). There was one SR death (5%). One of 22 had a normal barium swallow post-CT, no visible tumor at SR, and no pathologic evidence of any residual disease. There was complete radiologic and gross clinical disappearance of tumor post-CT or post-SR in ten of 22 patients (45%). Four of 22 (18%) had greater than or equal to 50% regression, and five of 22 (23%) had no response. Toxicity of CT was mild. Eight of 19 patients (42%) received RT, and six of 19 (32%) received CT postoperatively. Sixteen of 24 (67%) are alive with a median duration of observation of 9.5 months. Eight of 24 (33%) are dead, five of whom had not responded to preoperative CT. Ten of 14 responders are alive and disease free. The mean survival time for nonresponders was 6.70 months and for responders, 20.40 months, with the longest survivor disease free at 45 months.
Distribution of multi-drug resistance-associated P-glycoprotein in normal and neoplastic human tissues
Authors: P van der Valk, C K van Kalken, H Ketelaars, H J Broxterman, G Scheffer, C M Kuiper, T Tsuruo, J Lankelma, C J Meijer, H M Pinedo
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1990)
Residual Thrombus Pattern in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Caused by Plaque Erosion Versus Plaque Rupture After Successful Fibrinolysis
Authors: Sining Hu, Taishi Yonetsu, Haibo Jia, Antonios Karanasos, Aaron D Aguirre, Jinwei Tian, Farhad Abtahian, Rocco Vergallo, Tsunenari Soeda, Hang Lee, Iris McNulty, Koji Kato, Bo Yu, Kyoichi Mizuno, Konstantinos Toutouzas, Christodoulos Stefanadis, Ik-Kyung Jang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Exogenous Estrogens and Other Risk Factors for Breast Cancer in Women With Benign Breast Diseases&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: D B Thomas, J P Persing, W B Hutchinson
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

A group of 1,439 white women who were initially treated for biopsy-proved benign breast diseases from 1942 to 1975 in a single private surgery practice were followed through 1976 for development of breast cancer. Information on age, parity, and use of noncontraceptive estrogens was collected on all women at the time of their initial benign lesions. At follow-up, ages at menarche, menopause, and birth of first child were obtained, as was information on use of estrogens after the initial lesion. Slides from the initial lesion were reinterpreted and classified by a panel of pathologists. The influence of gross and microscopic features of the initial benign conditions on subsequent risk of breast cancer was ascertained and reported previously. This paper presents results of additional analyses based largely on Cox's proportional hazards model. Risk of breast cancer was related to nulliparity and ages at menarche and birth of first child and to a lesser extent to age at artificial menopause. Exogenous estrogen taken prior to the initial benign lesion did not alter risk of breast cancer. Subsequent use, primarily of conjugated estrogens, eliminated the protective effect of an artificial menopause and appeared to act synergistically with epithelial hyperplasia or papillomatosis in the initial lesion and calcification of that lesion to increase the risk of breast cancer. A marked increase in risk of breast cancer in succeeding birth cohorts was unexpectedly found that could not be explained by temporal changes in any of the other risk factors considered.
Myocardial HER2 expression with 111In-DTPA-trastuzmab scan in patients shortly after anthracycline treatment
Authors: P. J. Perik, M. N. Lub-De Hooge, P. L. Jager, M. A. De Korte, J. A. Gietema, W. T. Van der Graaf, D. J. Van Veldhuisen, D. T. Sleijfer, E. G. De Vries
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

3057 Background: The monoclonal antibody trastuzumab, apart from antitumor effect, can induce cardiotoxicity, particularly when combined with anthracyclines. Myocardial HER2 upregulation may serve, transiently, as a compensatory mechanism induced by cardiac stress. Previously we showed in a xenograft model that 111 In-DTPA-trastuzumab scintigraphy can detect HER2 positive lesions (Br J Pharmacol 2004;143:99–106) but that myocardial 111 In-DTPA-trastuzumab uptake was found in only 1 of 17 anthracycline-pretreated HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer patients (ESMO 2004#50). This low number may be related to the long interval between anthracycline administration (median 11 months) and performed scan in these patients. To evaluate whether myocardial HER2 expression is induced by anthracyclines, we performed 111 In-DTPA-trastuzumab scans in patients shortly after anthracycline treatment. Methods: Patients who completed 4–6 cycles of anthracycline-based chemotherapy (&lt; 3 weeks after last dose) underwent gammacamera imaging 48 and 96 h after iv administration of 150 MBq 111 In-DTPA-trastuzumab (5mg). Results: 10 anthracycline-treated patients, 8 as adjuvant breast cancer treatment and 2 for metastatic sarcoma have been enrolled. Myocardial 111 In-DTPA-trastuzumab uptake was observed in 5/10 anthracycline-treated patients who all were without symptomatic cardiac dysfunction. Conclusions: Shortly after completion of anthracycline treatment myocardial HER2 overexpression was detectable in 50% of the patients. This may be a transient phenomenon. 111 In-DTPA-trastuzumab scan after anthracycline treatment prior to adjuvant trastuzumab may identify patients more susceptible for trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity. This important observation may add to optimal timing of trastuzumab therapy i.e. when HER2/neu expression in the heart is negative (again). [Table: see text]