tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of Screening for Partner Violence on Women's Quality of Life
Authors: Joanne Klevens, Romina Kee, William Trick, Diana Garcia, Francisco R. Angulo, Robin Jones, Laura S. Sadowski
Journal: JAMA (2012)

<h3>Context</h3>Although partner violence screening has been endorsed by many health organizations, there is insufficient evidence that it has beneficial health outcomes.<h3>Objective</h3>To determine the effect of computerized screening for partner violence plus provision of a partner violence resource list vs provision of a partner violence list only on women's health in primary care settings, compared with a control group.<h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3>A 3-group blinded randomized controlled trial at 10 primary health care centers in Cook County, Illinois. Participants were enrolled from May 2009-April 2010 and reinterviewed 1 year (range, 48-56 weeks) later. Participants were English- or Spanish-speaking women meeting specific inclusion criteria and seeking clinical services at study sites. Of 3537 women approached, 2727 were eligible, 2708 were randomized (99%), and 2364 (87%) were recontacted 1 year later. Mean age of participants was 39 years. Participants were predominantly non-Latina African American (55%) or Latina (37%), had a high school education or less (57%), and were uninsured (57%).<h3>Intervention</h3>Randomization into 3 intervention groups: (1) partner violence screen (using the Partner Violence Screen instrument) plus a list of local partner violence resources if screening was positive (n = 909); (2) partner violence resource list only without screen (n = 893); and (3) no-screen, no-partner violence list control group (n=898).<h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3>Quality of life (QOL, physical and mental health components) was the primary outcome, measured on the 12-item Short Form (scale range 0-100, mean of 50 for US population).<h3>Results</h3>At 1-year follow-up, there were no significant differences in the QOL physical health component between the screen plus partner violence resource list group (n = 801; mean score, 46.8; 95% CI, 46.1-47.4), the partner violence resource list only group (n = 772; mean score, 46.4; 95% CI, 45.8-47.1), and the control group (n = 791; mean score, 47.2; 95% CI, 46.5-47.8), or in the mental health component (screen plus partner violence resource list group [mean score, 48.3; 95% CI, 47.5-49.1], the partner violence resource list only group [mean score, 48.0; 95% CI, 47.2-48.9], and the control group [mean score, 47.8; 95% CI, 47.0-48.6]). There were also no differences between groups in days unable to work or complete housework; number of hospitalizations, emergency department, or ambulatory care visits; proportion who contacted a partner violence agency; or recurrence of partner violence.<h3>Conclusions</h3>Among women receiving care in primary care clinics, providing a partner violence resource list with or without screening did not result in improved health.<h3>Trial Registration</h3>clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00526994
Outcomes Following Endovascular vs Open Repair of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm&lt;subtitle&gt;A Randomized Trial&lt;/subtitle&gt;
Authors: Frank A. Lederle
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Limited data are available to assess whether endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) improves short-term outcomes compared with traditional open repair.To compare postoperative outcomes up to 2 years after endovascular or open repair of AAA in a planned interim report of a 9-year trial.A randomized, multicenter clinical trial of 881 veterans (aged > or = 49 years) from 42 Veterans Affairs Medical Centers with eligible AAA who were candidates for both elective endovascular repair and open repair of AAA. The trial is ongoing and this report describes the period between October 15, 2002, and October 15, 2008.Elective endovascular (n = 444) or open (n = 437) repair of AAA.Procedure failure, secondary therapeutic procedures, length of stay, quality of life, erectile dysfunction, major morbidity, and mortality.Mean follow-up was 1.8 years. Perioperative mortality (30 days or inpatient) was lower for endovascular repair (0.5% vs 3.0%; P = .004), but there was no significant difference in mortality at 2 years (7.0% vs 9.8%, P = .13). Patients in the endovascular repair group had reduced median procedure time (2.9 vs 3.7 hours), blood loss (200 vs 1000 mL), transfusion requirement (0 vs 1.0 units), duration of mechanical ventilation (3.6 vs 5.0 hours), hospital stay (3 vs 7 days), and intensive care unit stay (1 vs 4 days), but required substantial exposure to fluoroscopy and contrast. There were no differences between the 2 groups in major morbidity, procedure failure, secondary therapeutic procedures, aneurysm-related hospitalizations, health-related quality of life, or erectile function.In this report of short-term outcomes after elective AAA repair, perioperative mortality was low for both procedures and lower for endovascular than open repair. The early advantage of endovascular repair was not offset by increased morbidity or mortality in the first 2 years after repair. Longer-term outcome data are needed to fully assess the relative merits of the 2 procedures.clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00094575.
Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Dalteparin for the Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism in Acutely Ill Medical Patients
Authors: Alain Leizorovicz, Alexander T. Cohen, Alexander G.G. Turpie, Carl-Gustav Olsson, Paul T. Vaitkus, Samuel Z. Goldhaber
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Considerable variability exists in the use of pharmacological thromboprophylaxis among acutely ill medical patients, partly because clinically relevant end points have not been fully assessed in this population. We undertook an international, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial using clinically important outcomes to assess the efficacy and safety of dalteparin in the prevention of venous thromboembolism in such patients.Patients (n=3706) were randomly assigned to receive either subcutaneous dalteparin 5000 IU daily or placebo for 14 days and were followed up for 90 days. The primary end point was venous thromboembolism, defined as the combination of symptomatic deep vein thrombosis, symptomatic pulmonary embolism, and asymptomatic proximal deep vein thrombosis detected by compression ultrasound at day 21 and sudden death by day 21. The incidence of venous thromboembolism was reduced from 4.96% (73 of 1473 patients) in the placebo group to 2.77% (42 of 1518 patients) in the dalteparin group, an absolute risk reduction of 2.19% or a relative risk reduction of 45% (relative risk, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.38 to 0.80; P=0.0015). The observed benefit was maintained at 90 days. The overall incidence of major bleeding was low but higher in the dalteparin group (9 patients; 0.49%) compared with the placebo group (3 patients; 0.16%).Dalteparin 5000 IU once daily halved the rate of venous thromboembolism with a low risk of bleeding.
Response of Cloudman S91 Melanoma Cells to Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone: Enhancement by Cytochalasin B2
Authors: Jewel Plummer Cobb, Anne McGrath, Nancy Willetts
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

Cloudman S91 mouse melanoma cells treated for 5 days with melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH), cytochalasin B (CB), or both, exhibited changes in cell volume, population, nucleation, and pigment production. Cells treated with CB or CB in combination with MSH were eight to nine times larger, rounder, multinucleated, and heavily pigmented. CB alone increased melanin and DNA per nucleus threefold. CB in combination with MSH increased melanin per nucleus 30-fold. Data on DNA per nucleus suggest that CB-treated cells remained in the G2 phase longer than did control cells. MSH alone caused a reduction in cell population and a fourfold increase in melanin per nucleus.
Quantitative Proteomics Identifies Vasopressin-Responsive Nuclear Proteins in Collecting Duct Cells
Authors: Laura K. Schenk, Steven J. Bolger, Kelli Luginbuhl, Patricia A. Gonzales, Markus M. Rinschen, Ming-Jiun Yu, Jason D. Hoffert, Trairak Pisitkun, Mark A. Knepper
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2012)

Vasopressin controls transport in the renal collecting duct, in part, by regulating transcription. This complex process, which can involve translocation and/or modification of transcriptional regulators, is not completely understood. Here, we applied a method for large-scale profiling of nuclear proteins to quantify vasopressin-induced changes in the nuclear proteome of cortical collecting duct (mpkCCD) cells. Using stable isotope labeling and tandem mass spectrometry, we quantified 3987 nuclear proteins and identified significant changes in the abundance of 65, including previously established targets of vasopressin signaling in the collecting duct. Vasopressin-induced changes in the abundance of the transcription factors JunB, Elf3, Gatad2b, and Hmbox1; transcriptional co-regulators Ctnnb1 (β-catenin) and Crebbp; subunits of the Mediator complex; E3 ubiquitin ligase Nedd4; nuclear transport regulator RanGap1; and several proteins associated with tight junctions and adherens junctions. Bioinformatic analysis showed that many of the quantified transcription factors have putative binding sites in the 5′-flanking regions of genes coding for the channel proteins Aqp2, Aqp3, Scnn1b (ENaCβ), and Scnn1g (ENaCγ), which are known targets of vasopressin. Immunoblotting demonstrated that the increase in β-catenin in nuclear fractions was accompanied by an even larger increase in its phosphorylated form (pSer552). The findings provide a new online database resource for nuclear proteomics (http://helixweb.nih.gov/ESBL/Database/mNPD/) and generate new hypotheses regarding vasopressin-mediated transcriptional regulation in the collecting duct.
Effects of Air Pollution on Heart Rate Variability: The VA Normative Aging Study
Authors: Sung Kyun Park, Marie S. O’Neill, Pantel S. Vokonas, David Sparrow, Joel Schwartz
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2004)

Reduced heart rate variability (HRV), a marker of poor cardiac autonomic function, has been associated with air pollution, especially fine particulate matter [< 2.5 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5)]. We examined the relationship between HRV [standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN), power in high frequency (HF) and low frequency (LF), and LF:HF ratio] and ambient air pollutants in 497 men from the Normative Aging Study in greater Boston, Massachusetts, seen between November 2000 and October 2003. We examined 4-hr, 24-hr, and 48-hr moving averages of air pollution (PM2.5, particle number concentration, black carbon, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide). Controlling for potential confounders, HF decreased 20.8% [95% confidence interval (CI), 4.6-34.2%] and LF:HF ratio increased 18.6% (95% CI, 4.1-35.2%) per SD (8 microg/m3) increase in 48-hr PM2.5. LF was reduced by 11.5% (95% CI, 0.4-21.3%) per SD (13 ppb) increment in 4-hr O3. The associations between HRV and PM2.5 and O3 were stronger in people with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and hypertension. The associations observed between SDNN and LF and PM2.5 were stronger in people with diabetes. People using calcium-channel blockers and beta-blockers had lower associations between O3 and PM2.5 with LF. No effect modification by other cardiac medications was found. Exposures to PM2.5 and O3 are associated with decreased HRV, and history of IHD, hypertension, and diabetes may confer susceptibility to autonomic dysfunction by air pollution.
Efficacy of fludarabine and mitoxantrone (FN) combination regimen in untreated indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphomas
Authors: P.L. Zinzani, M. Magagnoli, M. Bendandi, F. Gherlinzoni, G. Fraternali Orcioni, C. Cellini, V. Stefoni, S.A. Pileri, S. Tura
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2000)
Brief Report: Lack of Replication of an Association Between Anti–Citrullinated Fibrinogen and Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Ariana Montes, Alfonso Corrales, Manuel Calaza, Raquel Lopez‐Mejias, Jose A. Parra, Miguel A. González‐Gay, Antonio González
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2015)

Results of a recent study suggested that the excess cardiovascular (CV) risk observed in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) could be partially explained by the presence of immune complexes of antibodies against citrullinated proteins that locally promote and perpetuate inflammation and progression of atherosclerotic plaques. The present study was undertaken to attempt to replicate one of the observations supporting this hypothesis, i.e., association between anti-citrullinated fibrinogen (anti-Cit-fibrinogen) positivity and subclinical atherosclerosis.Three surrogate markers of atherosclerosis were assessed in 124 RA patients with no previous history of CV events: carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) assessed by carotid ultrasonography, carotid plaques assessed by carotid ultrasonography, and Coronary Artery Calcification Score (CACS) determined by multidetector computed tomography (CT) scanning. We analyzed the relationship of these 3 subclinical atherosclerosis markers to the presence and levels of autoantibodies, including anti-Cit-fibrinogen, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide 2 (anti-CCP-2), and rheumatoid factor (RF).Carotid plaques and CIMT >0.90 mm were present in 69.4% and 15.3%, of the patients, respectively, and the CACS was moderate or high in 21.0%. None of these surrogate markers of atherosclerosis showed a significant association with positivity for or the level of anti-Cit-fibrinogen antibodies (either against the whole protein [present in 33.9% of the patients] or against an immunodominant peptide [present in 23.4%]), anti-CCP-2 (present in 60.7%), or RF (present in 58.1%) in this series of patients with RA.Our results do not support the notion that there is a relationship between anti-Cit-fibrinogen antibodies and subclinical atherosclerosis in RA, thus calling into question the claim that these antibodies have a role in the increased risk of CV disease observed in patients with RA.
Sustainability of Reductions in Malaria Transmission and Infant Mortality in Western Kenya With Use of Insecticide-Treated Bednets
Authors: Kim A. Lindblade, Thomas P. Eisele, John E. Gimnig, Jane A. Alaii, Frank Odhiambo, Feiko O. ter Kuile, William A. Hawley, Kathleen A. Wannemuehler, Penelope A. Phillips-Howard, Daniel H. Rosen, Bernard L. Nahlen, Dianne J. Terlouw, Kubaje Adazu, John M. Vulule, Laurence Slutsker
Journal: JAMA (2004)

ContextInsecticide-treated bednets reduce malaria transmission and child morbidity and mortality in short-term trials, but this impact may not be sustainable. Previous investigators have suggested that bednet use might paradoxically increase mortality in older children through delayed acquisition of immunity to malaria.ObjectivesTo determine whether adherence to and public health benefits of insecticide-treated bednets can be sustained over time and whether bednet use during infancy increases all-cause mortality rates in older children in an area of intense perennial malaria transmission.Design and SettingA community randomized controlled trial in western Kenya (phase 1: January 1997 to February 2000) followed by continued surveillance of adherence, entomologic parameters, morbidity indicators, and all-cause mortality (phase 2: April 1999 to February 2002), and extended demographic monitoring (January to December 2002).ParticipantsA total of 130 000 residents of 221 villages in Asembo and Gem were randomized to receive insecticide-treated bednets at the start of phase 1 (111 villages) or phase 2 (110 villages).Main Outcome MeasuresProportion of children younger than 5 years using insecticide-treated bednets, mean number of Anopheles mosquitoes per house, and all-cause mortality rates.ResultsAdherence to bednet use in children younger than 5 years increased from 65.9% in phase 1 to 82.5% in phase 2 (P<.001). After 3 to 4 years of bednet use, the mean number of Anopheles mosquitoes per house in the study area was 77% lower than in a neighboring area without bednets (risk ratio, 0.23; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.15-0.35). All-cause mortality rates in infants aged 1 to 11 months were significantly reduced in intervention villages during phase 1 (hazard ratio [HR], 0.78; 95% CI, 0.67-0.90); low rates were maintained during phase 2. Mortality rates did not differ during 2002 (after up to 6 years of bednet use) between children from former intervention and former control households born during phase 1 (HR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.86-1.19).ConclusionsThe public health benefits of insecticide-treated bednets were sustained for up to 6 years. There is no evidence that bednet use from birth increases all-cause mortality in older children in an area of intense perennial transmission of malaria.
MOTOR PERFORMANCE IN THE CONTEXT OF MENTAL-LINGUISTIC AND MEDICAL FINDINGS IN FIRST GRADERS
Authors: Janine Oelze, Nadine Richter, Henry Schulz
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2013)

Background Especially in childhood, motor and cognitive functions are thought to address similar brain areas and thus seem to be interrelated. 3 Further a close link between brain function and the skeletal muscle system as well as the cardiovascular system is accepted. 2 A correlation between the concentration and the coordinative performance is also being assumed in adolescents. 1 Methods The KOMPASS project (complex general school examination) investigates the motor performance (DMT 6–18), the movement behaviour (parents questionnaire) and the health status (school entrance examination) of first graders in the city of Chemnitz. 2.774 children (6.8±0.4 years, BMI 15.5±1.8 kg/m2) were tested and 2.035 parents were interviewed since 2010. The standard school entrance examination was conducted in 3.739 children. 1.901 parents gave their consent for merging the various data records. Results The motor performance of the first graders in the test tasks: 20 meter sprint (Z-value 99.1±9.1), side jumps (Z-value 103.5±11.3), broad jump (Z-value 101.8±10.7), sit-ups (Z-value 99.4±8.9), stand and reach (Z-value 102.2±10.2) and 6 minute run (Z-value 101.6±10.3) was average. They achieved performances above average in the tasks balancing backwards (Z-value 106.2±11.6) and press-ups (Z-value 108.4±11.6). Within the school entrance examination speech disorders were diagnosed in 40.8%, deficits of visual perception in 26.0% and behavioural disorders in 16.7% of all children. Some kind of supportive interventions were received by 15.9% of all first graders. Those mental-linguistic findings showed a highly significant negative relationship with the motor performance (R=0.257; p&lt;0.01) in the multiple regression analysis. A highly significant negative correlation was also found between the motor performance and the medical findings: decrease of visual acuity (24.0%), impairment of seeing stereo (3.5%) and deficits in fine or gross motor skills (35.7% and 23.8%)(R=0.380; p&lt;0.01). Discussion/Conclusions Various studies suggest a close relationship between brain function and physical performance. The results of the KOMPASS project confirm this nexus of cognitive function and physical performance in children without being able to prove a causal relationship.
Binding of bullous pemphigoid and pemphigus vulgaris sera to SCaBER cell line in an ELISA
Authors: A.L. COOK, R.B. MALLETT, T.H.P. HANAHOE, R.J. PYE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1989)

Specific antibodies present in the sera of patients with bullous pemphigoid or pemphigus vulgaris were detected in an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) employing a squamous carcinoma cell line, SCaBER, as substrate. Bullous pemphigoid sera bound preferentially to permeabilized cells, suggesting that the antigens are largely intracellular. The assay may prove to be a useful addition to current methods of detecting circulating antibodies in these patients.
A SEVERE CASE OF HYPOGLYCAEMIA
Authors: H. C. Barlow
Journal: BMJ (1927)

7HYPOGLYCAEMIA.[ MEDICAL JOURAL 833 and mnaintain weight on a surprisinlgly low calorie initake.This seemed to apply specially to the elderly " hepatic " type, several of whom were able to do their housework on a diet barely sufficient-on the Aub Dubois staindard-for their basal metabolic requirements.Not all the elderly cases were subjected to the full dietarv rimle.In some cases " restriction of bread and potato " w-as considered sufficient, and in one or two no dietary regulationl was imposed.In7sulin1.The use of insulinin the clinic had to be modified by the two considerations of safety anld expense.With regard to the first, it is olNrious that some few of the patients attend- ing such a clinic as this are quite u-nfitted to be allowed to administer insulin' to themiselves, excelt in cases of absolute necessity.This difficulty was in one or two cases obviated by hav-ing the injections giveni by the patient's own doctor, but this plan is obviously unisatisfactory, and, in general, patients of this type were treated oni dietetic lines alone.The expense of insulln tlherapy was a bar to its use in many cases.Patients who were insured personis were, of course, able to obtaiin supplies free, but in other cases the supply had often to be limited, or its
The Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 promotes vascular cell growth and locomotion by engaging the α5β1 and αvβ3 integrins and by mobilizing sequestered basic fibroblast growth factor
Authors: Giovanni Barillari, Cecilia Sgadari, Valeria Fiorelli, Felipe Samaniego, Sandra Colombini, Vittorio Manzari, Andrea Modesti, Bala C. Nair, Aurelio Cafaro, Michael Stürzl, Barbara Ensoli
Journal: Blood (1999)
Increased Atherosclerotic Lesion Formation and Vascular Leukocyte Accumulation in Renal Impairment Are Mediated by Interleukin-17A
Authors: Shuwang Ge, Barbara Hertel, Ekaterina K. Koltsova, Inga Sörensen-Zender, Jan T. Kielstein, Klaus Ley, Hermann Haller, Sibylle von Vietinghoff
Journal: Circulation Research (2013)

Atherosclerosis is a major cause of death in patients with chronic kidney disease. Chronic inflammation of the arterial wall including invasion, proliferation, and differentiation of leukocytes is important in atherosclerotic lesion development. How atherosclerotic inflammation is altered in renal impairment is incompletely understood.This study analyzed leukocytes of the atherosclerotic aorta in mice with impaired and normal renal function and studied a mechanism for the alteration in aortic myeloid leukocytes.Unilateral nephrectomy significantly decreased glomerular filtration rate and increased atherosclerotic lesion size and aortic leukocyte numbers in 2 murine atherosclerosis models, apolipoprotein E (Apoe(-/-)) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-deficient (LDLr(-/-)) mice. The number of aortic myeloid cells increased significantly. They took-up less oxidized LDL, whereas CD11c expression, interaction with T cells, and aortic T cell proliferation were significantly enhanced in renal impairment. In human peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures, chronic kidney disease serum decreased lipid uptake and increased human leukocyte antigen II (HLA II) expression. Supplementation with interleukin-17A similarly increased HLA II and CD11c expression and impaired oxidized LDL uptake. Interleukin-17A expression was increased in atherosclerotic mice with renal impairment. Ablation of interleukin-17A in LDLr(-/-) mice by lethal irradiation and reconstitution with Il17a(-/-) bone marrow abolished the effect of renal impairment on aortic CD11b(+) myeloid cell accumulation, CD11c expression, and cell proliferation. Atherosclerotic lesion size was decreased to levels observed in normal kidney function.Kidney function modifies arterial myeloid cell accumulation and phenotype in atherosclerosis. Our results suggest a central role for interleukin-17A in aggravation of vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis in renal impairment.