tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Heterogeneity in type IIB von Willebrand disease: Two unrelated cases with no family history and mild abnormalities of ristocetin‐induced interaction between von willebrand factor and platelets
Authors: A. B. Federici, P. M. Mannucci, R. Bader, R. Lombardi, A. Lattuada
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1986)

Abstract Two patients from two separate families were diagnosed as having type IIB von Willebrand disease, because they had lifelong bleeding tendencies, prolonged bleeding times, no large von Willebrand factor multimers, and low levels of ristocetin cofactor in plasma with heightened ristocetin‐induced platelet aggregation. There was no history of bleeding, and no laboratory abnormalities were found in the parents and sibship of either propositi, in contrast with the autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance usually observed in type IIB von Willebrand disease. Abnormalities of ristocetin‐induced von Willebrand factor‐platelet interactions were less severe than in a patient from a previously reported family with type IIB von Willebrand disease studied in parallel. The peculiar features of these cases provide additional evidence of the existence of heterogeneity within this variant.
Abstract 1375: Cardiac Overexpression of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 in Transgenic Mice Prevents Cardiac Dysfunction and Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Hajime Morimoto, Masafumi Takahashi, Hirohiko Ise, Atsushi Izawa, Minoru Hongo, Pappachan E Kolattukudy, Uichi Ikeda
Journal: Circulation (2006)
Local Complications of Ulcerative Colitis: Stricture, Pseudopolyposis, and Carcinoma of Colon and Rectum
Authors: F. T. de Dombal, J. McK. Watts, G. Watkinson, J. C. Goligher
Journal: BMJ (1966)

The general use of cyclodextrins in drug formulations is reviewed. The ability of cyclodextrins to form reversible inclusion complexes with many drugs can eliminate various undesirable physicochemical properties. While β-cyclodextrin is extremely useful in many of these applications, it is toxic when given parenterally, precluding its use in i.v. and other formulations. Chemically modified cyclodextrins such as 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin are amorphous isomeric mixtures which are potent complexing agents and innocuous when administered i.e., either acutely or subchronically. The use of these modified cyclodextrins in parenteral formulations and to solubilize and stabilize various proteins and peptides is presented.
THE EPITHELIUM OF THE BUCCAL MUCOSA
Authors: W. THOROLD QUAIFE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1908)

Journal Article THE EPITHELIUM OF THE BUCCAL MUCOSA Get access W. THOROLD QUAIFE, M.B. Ch.M.(Syd.), D.T.M.&H.(Camb.) W. THOROLD QUAIFE, M.B. Ch.M.(Syd.), D.T.M.&H.(Camb.) Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 20, Issue 12, 1 December 1908, Pages 389–394, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1908.tb16540.x Published: 01 December 1908
Neurohormonal Activation and the Chronic Heart Failure Syndrome in Adults With Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Aidan P. Bolger, Rakesh Sharma, Wei Li, Marjolein Leenarts, Paul R. Kalra, Michael Kemp, Andrew J.S. Coats, Stefan D. Anker, Michael A. Gatzoulis
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background — Neurohormonal activation characterizes chronic heart failure, relates to outcome, and is a therapeutic target. It is not known whether a similar pattern of neurohormonal activation exists in adults with congenital heart disease and, if so, whether it relates to common measures of disease severity or whether cardiac anatomy is a better discriminant. Methods and Results — Concentrations of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), endothelin-1 (ET-1), renin, aldosterone, norepinephrine, and epinephrine were determined in 53 adults with congenital heart disease, comprising 4 distinct anatomic subgroups (29 female; 33.5±1.5 years of age; New York Heart Association class 2.0±0.1, mean±SEM) and 15 healthy control subjects (8 female; 32.3±1.3 years of age). Systemic ventricular function was graded by a blinded echocardiographer as normal or mildly, moderately, or severely impaired. Adults with congenital heart disease had elevated levels of ANP (56.6 versus 3.1 pmol/L), BNP (35.8 versus 5.7 pmol/L), ET-1 (2.5 versus 0.7 pmol/L, all P &lt;0.0001), renin (147 versus 16.3 pmol/L), norepinephrine (2.2 versus 1.6 pmol/L, both P &lt;0.01) and aldosterone (546 versus 337 pmol/L, P &lt;0.05). There was a highly significant stepwise increase in ANP, BNP, ET-1, and norepinephrine according to New York Heart Association class and systemic ventricular function, with even asymptomatic patients having evidence of significant neurohormonal activation. In contrast, there was no direct relationship between the 4 anatomic subgroups and any of the neurohormones studied. Conclusions — Neurohormonal activation in adult congenital heart disease bears the hallmarks of chronic heart failure, relating to symptom severity and ventricular dysfunction and not necessarily to anatomic substrate. Neurohormonal antagonism across this large and anatomically diverse population should be considered.
A comment on the routine testing of sunglasses in photochemotherapy
Authors: B. L. DIFFEY, J. A. MILLER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1980)

An estimate of the UV transmission of sunglasses is often made in Dermatology Departments by employing the irradiation source used for PUVA therapy and a UV‐A meter. The object of making these measurements is to assess the UV opacity of the glasses in natural sunlight. The present communication examines the adequacy of this simple experimental technique and concludes that, in general, the results obtained are unlikely to lead to a misleading impression.
Short- and Long-Term Success of Substrate-Based Mapping and Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia
Authors: Atul Verma, Fethi Kilicaslan, Robert A. Schweikert, Gery Tomassoni, Antonio Rossillo, Nassir F. Marrouche, Volkan Ozduran, Oussama M. Wazni, Samy C. Elayi, Luis C. Saenz, Stephen Minor, Jennifer E. Cummings, J. David Burkhardt, Steven Hao, Salwa Beheiry, Patrick J. Tchou, Andrea Natale
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Background— Multiple morphologies, hemodynamic instability, or noninducibility may limit ventricular tachycardia (VT) ablation in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD). Substrate-based mapping and ablation may overcome these limitations. We report the results and success of substrate-based VT ablation in ARVD. Methods and Results— Twenty-two patients with ARVD were studied. Traditional mapping for VT was limited because of multiple/changing VT morphologies (n=14), nonsustained VT (n=10), or hemodynamic intolerance (n=5). Sinus rhythm CARTO mapping was performed to define areas of “scar” (&lt;0.5 mV) and “abnormal” myocardium (0.5 to 1.5 mV). Ablation was performed in “abnormal” regions, targeting sites with good pace maps compared with the induced VT(s). Linear lesions were created in these areas to (1) connect the scar/abnormal region to a valve continuity or other scar or (2) encircle the scar/abnormal region. Eighteen patients had implanted cardioverter defibrillators, 15 had implanted cardioverter defibrillator therapies, and 7 had sustained VT (6 with syncope). VTs (3±2 per patient) were induced (cycle length, 339±94 ms), and scar was identified in all patients. Scar areas were related to the tricuspid annulus, proximal right ventricular outflow tract, and anterior/inferior-apical walls. Lesions connected abnormal regions to the annulus (n=12) or other scars (n=4) and/or encircled abnormal regions (n=13). Per patient, a mean of 38±22 radiofrequency lesions was applied. Short-term success was achieved in 18 patients (82%). VT recurred in 23%, 27%, and 47% of patients after 1, 2, and 3 years’ follow-up, respectively. Conclusions— Substrate-based ablation of VT in ARVD can achieve a good short-term success rate. However, recurrences become increasingly common during long-term follow-up.
Prophylactic Chemotherapy of Superficial Transitional Cell Bladder Carcinoma: an EORTC Randomized Trial Comparing Thiotepa, an Epipodophyllotoxin (VM26) and TUR Alone
Authors: C.C. Schulman, M. Robinson, L. Denis, P. Smith, G. Viggiano, M. de Pauw, O. Dalesio, R. Sylvester
Journal: European Urology (1982)
RETRACTED ARTICLE: MiR-362-5p promotes the malignancy of chronic myelocytic leukaemia via down-regulation of GADD45α
Authors: Peng Yang, Fang Ni, Rui-qing Deng, Guo Qiang, Hua Zhao, Ming-zhen Yang, Xin-yi Wang, You-zhi Xu, Li Chen, Dan-lei Chen, Zhi-jun Chen, Li-xin Kan, Si-Ying Wang
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2015)

Abstract Background MicroRNAs (miR, miRNAs) play pivotal roles in numerous physiological and pathophysiological contexts. We investigated whether miR-362-5p act as an oncogene in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) and aimed to understand its potential underlying mechanisms. Methods We compared the miR-362-5p expression levels between CML and non-CML cell lines, and between fresh blood samples from CML patients and normal healthy controls using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and Annexin V-FITC/PI analyses were used to measure the effects of miR-362-5p on proliferation and apoptosis, and Transwell assays were used to evaluate migration and invasion. A xenograft model was used to examine in vivo tumourigenicity. The potential target of miR-362-5p was confirmed by a luciferase reporter assay, qPCR and western blotting. Involvement of the JNK 1/2 and P38 pathways was investigated by western blotting. Results miR-362-5p was up-regulated in CML cell lines and fresh blood samples from CML patients, and was associated with Growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible ( GADD ) 45α down-regulation. Inhibition of miR-362-5p simultaneously repressed tumour growth and up-regulated GADD45α expression in a xenograft model. Consistently, the knockdown of GADD45α expression partially neutralized the effects of miR-362-5p inhibition. Furthermore study suggested that GADD45α mediated downstream the effects of miR-362-5p, which might indirectly regulates the activation of the JNK 1/2 and P38 signalling pathways. Conclusion miR-362-5p acts as an oncomiR that down-regulates GADD45α , which consequently activates the JNK 1/2 and P38 signalling. This finding provides novel insights into CML leukaemogenesis and may help identify new diagnostic and therapeutic targets.
Effectiveness of helmets in skiers and snowboarders: case-control and case crossover study
Authors: Brent E Hagel, I Barry Pless, Claude Goulet, Robert W Platt, Yvonne Robitaille
Journal: BMJ (2005)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b> To determine the effect of helmets on the risk of head and neck injuries in skiers and snowboarders. <b>Design</b> Matched case-control and case crossover study. <b>Setting</b> 19 ski areas in Quebec, Canada, November 2001 to April 2002. <b>Participants</b> 1082 skiers and snowboarders (cases) with head and neck injuries reported by the ski patrol and 3295 skiers and snowboarders (controls) with non-head or non-neck injuries matched to cases at each hill. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Estimates of matched odds ratios for the effect of helmet use on the risk of any head or neck injury and for people requiring evacuation by ambulance. <b>Results</b> The adjusted odds ratio for helmet use in participants with any head injury was 0.71 (95% confidence interval 0.55 to 0.92), indicating a 29% reduction in the risk of head injury. For participants who required evacuation by ambulance for head injuries, the adjusted odds ratio for helmet use was 0.44 (0.24 to 0.81). Similar results occurred with the case crossover design (odds ratio 0.43, 0.09 to 1.83). The adjusted odds ratio for helmet use for participants with any neck injury was 0.62 (0.33 to 1.19) and for participants who required evacuation by ambulance for neck injuries it was 1.29 (0.41 to 4.04). <b>Conclusions</b> Helmets protect skiers and snowboarders against head injuries. We cannot rule out the possibility of an increased risk of neck injury with helmet use, but the estimates on which this assumption is based are imprecise.
Transcriptional Programs following Genetic Alterations in<i>p53</i>,<i>INK4A</i>, and<i>H-Ras</i>Genes along Defined Stages of Malignant Transformation
Authors: Michael Milyavsky, Yuval Tabach, Igor Shats, Neta Erez, Yehudit Cohen, Xiaohu Tang, Marina Kalis, Ira Kogan, Yosef Buganim, Naomi Goldfinger, Doron Ginsberg, Curtis C. Harris, Eytan Domany, Varda Rotter
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract The difficulty to dissect a complex phenotype of established malignant cells to several critical transcriptional programs greatly impends our understanding of the malignant transformation. The genetic elements required to transform some primary human cells to a tumorigenic state were described in several recent studies. We took the advantage of the global genomic profiling approach and tried to go one step further in the dissection of the transformation network. We sought to identify the genetic signatures and key target genes, which underlie the genetic alterations in p53, Ras, INK4A locus, and telomerase, introduced in a stepwise manner into primary human fibroblasts. Here, we show that these are the minimally required genetic alterations for sarcomagenesis in vivo. A genome-wide expression profiling identified distinct genetic signatures corresponding to the genetic alterations listed above. Most importantly, unique transformation hallmarks, such as differentiation block, aberrant mitotic progression, increased angiogenesis, and invasiveness, were identified and coupled with genetic signatures assigned for the genetic alterations in the p53, INK4A locus, and H-Ras, respectively. Furthermore, a transcriptional program that defines the cellular response to p53 inactivation was an excellent predictor of metastasis development and bad prognosis in breast cancer patients. Deciphering these transformation fingerprints, which are affected by the most common oncogenic mutations, provides considerable insight into regulatory circuits controlling malignant transformation and will hopefully open new avenues for rational therapeutic decisions.
Effector and Memory CTL Differentiation
Authors: Matthew A. Williams, Michael J. Bevan
Journal: Annual Review of Immunology (2006)

Technological advances in recent years have allowed for an ever-expanding ability to analyze and quantify in vivo immune responses. MHC tetramers, intracellular cytokine staining, an increasing repertoire of transgenic and "knockout" mice, and the detailed characterization of a variety of infectious models have all facilitated more precise and definitive analyses of the generation and function of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). Understanding the mechanisms behind the differentiation of effector and memory CTL is of increasing importance to develop vaccination strategies against a variety of established and emerging infectious diseases. This review focuses on recent advances in our understanding of how effector and memory CTL differentiate and survive in vivo in response to viral or bacterial infection.
Watchdog calls on NHS to focus on outcomes and not administration
Authors: A. O'Dowd
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The NHS and local authorities in the United Kingdom should focus on the human side of health and social care, looking in particular at outcomes, when making financial decisions, a report from a public spending watchdog says.

The Audit Commission has called on the NHS and local authorities to look at how their joint funding can improve people’s lives, rather than concentrate on the mechanics of joint financing …
Evidence for sensory nerve involvement in cutaneous reactive hyperemia in humans.
Authors: S W Larkin, T J Williams
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

To study the involvement of local sensory nerves in reactive hyperemia, laser-Doppler measurements of skin blood flow were recorded in locally anesthetized and untreated forearm sites in eight volunteers after 90, 180, and 360 seconds of arrested forearm blood flow. The reactive hyperemia increased in magnitude and duration in response to increasing occlusion periods. However, maximum postocclusion flows in the untreated site of 31 +/- 5%, 38 +/- 6%, and 49 +/- 5% (mean +/- SEM) flux were significantly greater than the 14 +/- 3% (P &lt; .005), 20 +/- 4% (P &lt; .005), and 25 +/- 5% (P &lt; .001) flux seen in the anesthetized sites. The duration of the hyperemia was also shortened from 139 +/- 26 seconds in the untreated site to 61 +/- 17 seconds (after the 360-second occlusion, P &lt; .02) in the anesthetized sites. The anesthesia did not alter the increase in local blood flow induced by intradermally injected calcitonin gene-related peptide. Topically applied capsaicin induced a localized increase in blood flow that was unaffected by anesthesia and a surrounding flare that was abolished by the treatment. The results show that local anesthesia can significantly inhibit reactive hyperemia by a mechanism that does not alter the vasodilation induced by exogenous calcitonin gene-related peptide or the localized capsaicin-induced release of vasodilators from sensory nerves. Indomethacin was also found to be effective in suppressing reactive hyperemia. The evidence suggests that postocclusion reactive hyperemia in human forearm skin is mediated by a local reflex involving sensory nerves and a cyclooxygenase product, probably a vasodilator prostaglandin.
Locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer: role of induction chemotherapy in resectable N2 disease
Authors: M.R. Migliorino, L. De Petris, S. De Santis, A. Cipri, R. Belli, S. Condò, O. Ariganello, M. Di Molfetta, A. Saponiero, F. de Marinis
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2006)
Does fish oil lower blood pressure? A meta-analysis of controlled trials.
Authors: M C Morris, F Sacks, B Rosner
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUND In a meta-analysis of 31 placebo-controlled trials on 1356 subjects, we examined the effect of omega-3 fatty acids in fish oil on blood pressure by grouping studies that were similar in fish oil dose, length of treatment, health of the subjects, or study design. METHODS AND RESULTS The mean reduction in blood pressure caused by fish oil for the 31 studies was -3.0/-1.5 mm Hg (95% confidence intervals: systolic blood pressure: -4.5, -1.5; diastolic blood pressure: -2.2, -0.8). There was a statistically significant dose-response effect when studies were grouped by omega-3 fatty acid dose: -1.3/-0.7 mm Hg at doses &lt; or = 3 g/d, -2.9/-1.6 mm Hg at 3.3 to 7 g/d, and -8.1/-5.8 mm Hg at 15 g/d. Both eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid were significantly related to blood pressure response. There was no effect on blood pressure in eight studies of "healthy" persons (mean reduction, -0.4/-0.7 mm Hg) at an overall mean dose of 4.2 g omega-3 fatty acids/d. By contrast, there was a significant effect of -3.4/-2.0 mm Hg in the group of hypertensive studies with a mean fish oil dose of 5.6 g/d and on systolic blood pressure only in six studies of hypercholesterolemic patients (-4.4/-1.1 mm Hg) with a mean dose of 4.0 g/d. A nonsignificant decrease in blood pressure was observed in four studies of patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (-6.3/-2.9 mm Hg). Variations in the length of treatment (from 3 to 24 weeks), type of placebo, and study design (crossover or parallel groups) did not appear to account for inconsistent findings among studies. CONCLUSIONS There is a dose-response effect of fish oil on blood pressure of -0.66/-0.35 mm Hg/g omega-3 fatty acids. The hypotensive effect may be strongest in hypertensive subjects and those with clinical atherosclerotic disease or hypercholesterolemia.
Characteristics and Impact of Drug Detailing for Gabapentin
Authors: Michael A Steinman, G. Michael Harper, Mary-Margaret Chren, C. Seth Landefeld, Lisa A Bero
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2007)

Sales visits by pharmaceutical representatives ("drug detailing") are common, but little is known about the content of these visits or about the impact of visit characteristics on prescribing behavior. In this study, we evaluated the content and impact of detail visits for gabapentin by analyzing market research forms completed by physicians after receiving a detail visit for this drug.Market research forms that describe detail visits for gabapentin became available through litigation that alleged that gabapentin was promoted for "off-label" uses. Forms were available for 97 physicians reporting on 116 detail visits between 1995 and 1999. Three-quarters of recorded visits (91/116) occurred in 1996. Two-thirds of visits (72/107) were 5 minutes or less in duration, 65% (73/113) were rated of high informational value, and 39% (42/107) were accompanied by the delivery or promise of samples. During the period of this study, gabapentin was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration only for the adjunctive treatment of partial seizures, but in 38% of visits (44/115) the "main message" of the visit involved at least one off-label use. After receiving the detail visit, 46% (50/108) of physicians reported the intention to increase their prescribing or recommending of gabapentin in the future. In multivariable analysis, intent to increase future use or recommendation of gabapentin was associated with receiving the detail in a small group (versus one-on-one) setting and with low or absent baseline use of the drug, but not with other factors such as visit duration, discussion of "on-label" versus "off-label" content, and the perceived informational value of the presentation.Detail visits for gabapentin were of high perceived informational value and often involved messages about unapproved uses. Despite their short duration, detail visits were frequently followed by physician intentions to increase their future recommending or prescribing of the drug.
Results of a prospective randomized clinical trial of doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD) followed by radiation therapy (RT) versus ABVD alone for stages I, II, and IIIA nonbulky Hodgkin disease
Authors: David J. Straus, Carol S. Portlock, Jing Qin, Jane Myers, Andrew D. Zelenetz, Craig Moskowitz, Ariela Noy, André Goy, Joachim Yahalom
Journal: Blood (2004)