tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Modified Ultrafiltration Reduces Morbidity After Adult Cardiac Operations
Authors: G B Luciani, T Menon, B Vecchi, S Auriemma, A Mazzucco
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Extracorporeal circulation contributes to morbidity after open-heart surgery by causing a systemic inflammatory reaction. Modified ultrafiltration is a technique able to remove the fluid overload and inflammatory mediators associated with use of cardiopulmonary bypass. It has been shown to reduce morbidity after cardiac operations in children, but the impact on adult cardiac procedures is unknown.Five hundred seventy-three consecutive adult patients were prospectively randomized to either ultrafiltration after cardiopulmonary bypass (treatment) or to no ultrafiltration (control). Parsonnet score was used to assess the severity of the patients' clinical conditions. Analysis was done with Student's t test or Mann-Whitney U test for continuous variables and Fisher's exact test or Pearson's chi(2) for discrete variables. Hospital mortality was 2.5% (7 of 284) in the treatment group versus 3.8% (11 of 289) in the control group (P=0.357). Hospital morbidity was lower in treated patients (66 of 284 [23.2%] versus 117 of 289 [40.5%], P=0.0001). Cardiac morbidity was similar (26 of 284 [9.1%] versus 35 of 289 [12.1%], P=0.251), whereas significantly lower rates of respiratory (20 of 284 [7.0%] versus 36 of 289 [12.5%], P=0.029), neurological (5 of 284 [1.8%] versus 14 of 289 [4.8%], P=0.039), and gastrointestinal (0 of 284 versus 4 of 289 [1.4%], P=0.044) complications were found in treated patients. Transfusion requirements were also lower in treated patients (1.66+/-2.6 versus 2.25+/-3.8 U/patient, P=0.039). Duration of intensive care (39.9+/-49.2 versus 46.3+/-72.8 hours, P=0.218) and hospital stay (7.6+/-3.5 versus 7.9+/-4.4 days, P=0.372) were comparable.Modified ultrafiltration after cardiopulmonary bypass is associated with a lower prevalence of early morbidity and lower blood transfusion requirements. The impact on length of hospital stay needs further analysis. Routine application of modified ultrafiltration after adult cardiac operations is warranted.
A phase II study of temozolomide in patients with newly diagnosed supratentorial malignant glioma before radiation therapy
Authors: Mark R Gilbert, Henry S Friedman, John F Kuttesch, Michael D Prados, Jeffrey J Olson, Gregory H Reaman, Sara L Zaknoen
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2002)

Temozolomide is a novel second-generation oral alkylating agent with demonstrated efficacy and safety in patients with recurrent glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and anaplastic astrocytoma (AA). A multicenter phase II trial was conducted to determine the efficacy and safety of temozolomide before radiotherapy in patients with newly diagnosed GBM and AA. Fifty-seven patients (51 adult, 6 pediatric) with newly diagnosed supratentorial GBM or AA were treated with temozolomide (200 mg/m2 per day for 5 consecutive days every 28 days) for a maximum of 4 cycles. All patients were then treated with external beam radiotherapy. Twenty-two patients (39%) achieved objective response, including 6 (11%) with complete response (CR) and 16 (28%) with partial response (PR). Additionally, 18 (32%) patients had stable disease (SD). Of 21 patients (18 adult, 3 pediatric) with AA, 2 (10%) achieved CR, 5 (24%) achieved PR, and 8 (38%) had SD. Among adult patients with AA, the median progression-free and overall survival rates were 7.6 and 23.5 months, respectively. Among 36 patients (33 adult, 3 pediatric) with GBM, 4 (11%) had CR, 11 (31%) had PR, and 10 (28%) had SD. The median progression-free and overall survival rates among adult patients with GBM were 3.9 and 13.2 months, respectively. Temozolomide was safe and well tolerated in adult and pediatric patients. Grades 3 and 4 adverse events were reported in 16 (28%) and 7 (12%) patients, respectively. Temozolomide was safe and effective in treating newly diagnosed GBM and AA before radiotherapy. This pre-irradiation treatment approach appears promising, but will require additional evaluation in comparative studies.
Dual-specificity phosphatase 1 as a pharmacogenetic modifier of inhaled steroid response among asthmatic patients
Authors: Ying Jin, Donglei Hu, Edward L. Peterson, Celeste Eng, Albert M. Levin, Karen Wells, Kenneth Beckman, Rajesh Kumar, Max A. Seibold, Gloria Karungi, Amanda Zoratti, John Gaggin, Janis Campbell, Joshua Galanter, Rocío Chapela, José R. Rodríguez-Santana, H. Geoffrey Watson, Kelley Meade, Michael LeNoir, William Rodríguez-Cintrón, Pedro C. Avila, David E. Lanfear, Esteban G. Burchard, L. Keoki Williams
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Independent Prognostic Value of Cardiac Troponin T in Patients With Confirmed Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Evangelos Giannitsis, Margit Müller-Bardorff, Volkhard Kurowski, Britta Weidtmann, Uwe Wiegand, Markus Kampmann, Hugo A. Katus
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Cardiac troponin T (cTnT) is a sensitive and specific marker, allowing the detection of even minor myocardial cell injury. In patients with severe pulmonary embolism (PE), myocardial ischemia may lead to progressive right ventricular dysfunction. It was therefore the purpose of this study to test the presence of cTnT and its prognostic implications in patients with confirmed PE.Fifty-six consecutive patients with confirmed PE were enrolled in this prospective study. PE was confirmed by pulmonary angiography, lung scan, or echocardiography and subsidiary analyses. Severity of PE was assessed by a clinical scoring system, and cTnT was measured within 12 hours after admission. cTnT was elevated (>/=0.1 microg/L) in 18 (32%) patients with massive and moderate PE but not in patients with small PE. In-hospital death (odds ratio 29. 6, 95% CI 3.3 to 265.3), prolonged hypotension and cardiogenic shock (odds ratio 11.4, 95% CI 2.1 to 63.4), and need for resuscitation (odds ratio 18.0, 95% CI 2.6 to 124.3) were more prevalent in patients with elevated cTnT. cTnT-positive patients more often needed inotropic support (odds ratio 37.6, 95% CI 5.8 to 245.6) and mechanical ventilation (odds ratio 78.8, 95% CI 9.5 to 653.2). After adjustment, cTnT remained an independent predictor of 30-day mortality (odds ratio 15.2, 95% CI 1.22 to 190.4).cTnT may improve risk stratification in patients with PE and may aid in the identification of patients in whom a more aggressive therapy may be warranted.
Improving prognosis in hepatorenal syndrome
Authors: P A MCCORMICK
Journal: Gut (2000)

See article on page 288 

Hepatorenal syndrome is a serious life threatening complication in end stage liver disease. A recent consensus conference has agreed definitions for hepatorenal syndrome and divided the syndrome into types I and II.1 Type I is characterised by rapidly progressive renal failure with a doubling of serum creatinine to a level greater than 2.5 mg/dl or a halving of creatinine clearance to less than 20 ml/min in less than two weeks. In type II, serum creatinine must be greater than 1.5 mg/dl or creatinine clearance <40 ml/min but is more slowly progressive with a correspondingly better prognosis. Most patients pass through a sequence of ascites, followed by refractory ascites, and then hepatorenal syndrome. A large prospective study including patients with ascites demonstrated that hepatorenal syndrome developed in 18% at one year and in 39% at five years.2 Prognosis was poor with median survival of 1.7 weeks and 90% mortality at 10 weeks. The pathogenesis of hepatorenal syndrome is believed to involve splanchnic vascular dilatation with resultant vasoconstriction in other vascular beds particularly affecting the kidney.1 Therapies such as head out water immersion or …
Productive Replication of Ebola Virus Is Regulated by the c-Abl1 Tyrosine Kinase
Authors: Mayra García, Arik Cooper, Wei Shi, William Bornmann, Ricardo Carrion, Daniel Kalman, Gary J. Nabel
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2012)

Ebola virus growth is regulated by a c-Abl tyrosine kinase, which modulates the viral protein VP40, and can be blocked by c-Abl antagonists.
Neurohormones regulate T cell function.
Authors: W Heagy, M Laurance, E Cohen, R Finberg
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1990)

In this communication we show that T cell locomotion is affected by direct interaction with neurohormones. Opioid peptides, including beta-END, MET-ENK, LEU-ENK, and related enkephalin analogues enhanced migration of human peripheral blood T lymphocytes. Activity was dependent on the peptide NH2-terminal sequence, stimulated by enkephalin analogues with specificity for classical delta or mu types of opiate receptor, and inhibited by the opiate receptor antagonist naloxone. Our studies suggest that such neuropeptides stimulate T cell chemotaxis by interaction with sites analogues to classical opiate receptors. We propose that the endogenous opioids beta-END, MET-ENK, and LEU-ENK are potent immunomodulating signals that regulate the trafficking of immune response cells.
NON-SPECIFIC PROTEIN THERAPY IN NEUROSYPHILIS
Authors: Harry Goldsmith
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1929)

First. In non-specific protein therapy (combined typhoid and paratyphoid vaccine) of cerebral syphilis and paresis, we have an excellent substitute for malarial inoculation. Second. In a series of fifty-five unselected cases treated by this means, results obtained compare quite favorably with malarial therapy, and appear superior to the other methods of treatment thus far advocated. Third. It is better tolerated more benign in action, can be given in advanced cases of syphilitic brain disease, also where malaria is not readily obtainable or is otherwise contra-indicated. Fourth. The average height of temperature in these cases was 103 degrees; the highest temperature registered being 108 degrees on two successive occasions in a recently treated patient on injections of only two hundred million dead bacilli at each injection. Fifth. The tolerance and reactions of the patient to this therapy are generally very good even with injections increased to three billion five hundred million dead bacilli per dose. Sixth. The secondary anemia and loss in weight is appreciably less marked than that encountered with the malaria inoculations and the patient's recovery from the effects of the treatment is often very rapid. Seventh. Serologically, the most striking reduction occurs in the colloidal mastic or gold curve test. In more than eighty per cent of the cases treated, modification occurred from a high paretic curve to a negative one. The average reduction however being to a luetic zone curve, varying degrees of modification may also occur in the Wassermann reactions of the blood and spinal fluids. Eighth. This treatment may be repeated a second or third time at intervals of two or more months with very little or no hazard to the patient. Ninth. Tables 1, 2 and 3 serve to show the various degrees of modification obtained in the serological findings, before and after treatment as compared with the clinical improvement manifested.
Abnormally high serum ferritin levels among professional road cyclists
Authors: H Zotter, N Robinson, M Zorzoli, L Schattenberg, M Saugy, P Mangin
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2004)

An international, longitudinal medical follow up examination of male professional road cyclists revealed excessively elevated serum ferritin levels.To evaluate the importance of elevated ferritin values among professional cyclists, their relationship with age and nationality, and their evolution over 3 years.Over 1000 serum ferritin values were collected. Other parameters were included in order to exclude conditions which might have increased ferritin levels without changing body iron stores.In 1999, over 45% of riders displayed ferritin values above 300 ng/ml and one fourth levels over 500 ng/ml. These percentages had decreased to 27% and 9%, respectively, 3 years later, while the overall average, which was above the normal limits in 1999, had decreased by 33% in 3 years. Older cyclists had higher ferritin values than younger cyclists. There was also a relationship between ferritin levels and the nationality of the cyclists. Analysis of 714 riders in 2000 and 2002 showed only a slight and insignificant decrease in the mean ferritin value although those with initially elevated iron stores had a much greater decrease.Professional road cyclists used excessive iron supplementation leading to high serum ferritin levels correlating with increased body iron stores. Although the situation progressively improved over 3 years, it remains worrying as increased body iron stores are related to health complications. Therefore, prevention in addition to the fight against doping should be a main goal of the UCI. Aggressive therapy for athletes with excessive ferritin values should be carried out at or before the end of their careers.
Investigation of genetic variation across the protein tyrosine phosphatase gene in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in the UK
Authors: A. Hinks, S. Eyre, A. Barton, W. Thomson, J. Worthington
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2006)

To investigate single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across the PTPN22 gene region in a UK cohort of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), to look for evidence of disease associations independent of the well-characterised R620W variant (rs2476601).951 RA cases in the UK satisfying American Rheumatism Association (ARA) criteria and 448 population controls were genotyped for 11 SNPs across the PTPN22 gene region using the Sequenom MassArray MassEXTEND technology. Allele, genotype and estimated haplotype frequencies of cases and controls were compared.In addition to the R620W (rs2476601) SNP, three SNPs were associated with RA in this study. The sole haplotype on which the associated T allele of R620W occurred was associated with RA; no other haplotypes showed a significant difference in frequencies between RA cases and controls.In contrast with a study of American patients with RA no evidence of association with PTPN22 independent of the well-characterised R620W variant was found, suggesting that in these patients this variant alone explains the association with the PTPN22 gene.
Psychophysiological Evidence of Altered Neural Synchronization in Cannabis Use: Relationship to Schizotypy
Authors: Patrick D. Skosnik, Giri P. Krishnan, Erin E. Aydt, Heidi A. Kuhlenshmidt, Brian F. O’Donnell
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2006)

Objective: Cannabis use may produce neurophysiological disturbances similar to those observed in schizophrenia, particularly in relation to altered neural synchronization. Therefore, the current experiment examined the effect of cannabis use on EEG neural synchronization using the auditory steady-state evoked potential. Method: Auditory steady-state evoked potentials were assessed using varying rates of stimulation (auditory click-trains of 20, 30, 40 Hz) in current cannabis users (N=17) and drug-naive comparison subjects (N=16). EEG spectral power and signal-to-noise ratio at each stimulation frequency were compared between groups. Results: Cannabis users showed decreased EEG power and signal-to-noise ratio at the stimulation frequency of 20 Hz. In addition, current cannabis users demonstrated increased schizotypal personality characteristics as assessed with the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire, which positively correlated with total years of cannabis use. Finally, within the cannabis group, 20-Hz power values were negatively correlated with Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire scores. Conclusions: These data provide evidence for neural synchronization and early-stage sensory processing deficits in cannabis use. This finding, along with the observed increased rates of schizotypy in cannabis users, adds support for a cannabinoid link to schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
Model-based analysis of two-color arrays (MA2C)
Authors: Jun S Song, W Evan Johnson, Xiaopeng Zhu, Xinmin Zhang, Wei Li, Arjun K Manrai, Jun S Liu, Runsheng Chen, X Shirley Liu
Journal: Genome biology (2007)

A novel normalization method based on the GC content of probes is developed for two-color tiling arrays. The proposed method, together with robust estimates of the model parameters, is shown to perform superbly on published data sets. A robust algorithm for detecting peak regions is also formulated and shown to perform well compared to other approaches. The tools have been implemented as a stand-alone Java program called MA2C, which can display various plots of statistical analysis for quality control.
Short-term clinical outcome of normotensive patients with acute PE and high plasma lactate
Authors: S. Vanni, D. Jimenez, P. Nazerian, F. Morello, M. Parisi, E. Daghini, M. Pratesi, R. Lopez, P. Bedate, J. L. Lobo, L. Jara-Palomares, A. K. Portillo, S. Grifoni
Journal: Thorax (2015)

Strategies for identifying normotensive patients with acute symptomatic PE at high risk of PE-related complications remain to be defined.This prospective cohort study aimed to determine the role of plasma lactate levels in the risk assessment of normotensive patients with acute PE. Outcomes assessed over the 7 days after the diagnosis of PE included PE-related mortality and haemodynamic collapse, defined as need for cardiopulmonary resuscitation, systolic blood pressure <90 mm Hg for at least 15 min, need for catecholamine administration, or need for mechanical ventilation.Between December 2012 and January 2014, the study enrolled 496 normotensive outpatients with acute symptomatic PE. PE-related complications occurred in 20 (4.0%; 95% CI 2.5% to 6.2%) of the 496 patients. These patients had higher baseline lactate levels (median 2.66 mmol/L; IQR 1.56-5.96 mmol/L) than patients without complications (1.20 mmol/L; IQR 1.20-2.00 mmol/L) (p<0.001). Overall, 135 patients (27.2%) had plasma lactate ≥2 mmol/L. Fourteen (10.4%) of them had PE-related complications versus 6 of 361 patients with low lactate (negative predictive value 98.3%; p<0.001). Patients with elevated plasma lactate had an increased rate of PE-related complications (adjusted OR 5.3; 95% CI 1.9 to 14.4; p=0.001) compared with those with low lactate. The combination of elevated plasma lactate with markers of right ventricular dysfunction (by echocardiogram) and myocardial injury (by cardiac troponin) was a particularly useful prognostic indicator (positive predictive value 17.9%; 95% CI 6.1% to 36.9%).Plasma lactate represents a powerful predictor of short-term PE-related complications and may provide guidance for decision-making in PE care.
Nuclear Hormone Receptor NR4A2 Is Involved in Cell Transformation and Apoptosis
Authors: Ning Ke, Gisela Claassen, De-Hua Yu, Aaron Albers, Wufang Fan, Philip Tan, Mirta Grifman, Xiuyuan Hu, Kristin DeFife, Vivian Nguy, Bernd Meyhack, Arndt Brachat, Flossie Wong-Staal, Qi-Xiang Li
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

HeLaHF cells are transformation revertants of cervical cancer HeLa cells and have lost anchorage-independent growth potential and tumorigenicity. Activation of tumor suppressor(s) was implicated previously in this transformation reversion. In this study, expression profiling analysis was carried out to identify potential oncogenes that are down-regulated in HeLaHF cells. We found that all three members of the NR4A1/Nur77/NGFIB orphan nuclear hormone receptor subfamily (NR4A1, NR4A2, and NR4A3) were down-regulated in the HeLaHF revertant. Small interfering RNA-mediated down-regulation of NR4A2 in HeLa cells, either transiently or stably, resulted in reduced anchorage-independent growth that was largely attributable to increased anoikis. Furthermore, down-regulation of NR4A2 as well as NR4A1 promoted intrinsic apoptosis. These phenotypes were also observed in several other experimental cancer cells, suggesting the observed apoptosis suppression is a more general property of NR4A2 and NR4A1. These phenotypes also suggest that the Nur77/NGFIB subfamily of orphan receptors exhibit certain oncogenic functionalities with regards to cell proliferation and apoptosis and could therefore be evaluated as potential cancer therapeutic targets.
Diet Soda Intake and Risk of Incident Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)
Authors: Jennifer A. Nettleton, Pamela L. Lutsey, Youfa Wang, João A. Lima, Erin D. Michos, David R. Jacobs
Journal: Diabetes Care (2009)

OBJECTIVE We determined associations between diet soda consumption and risk of incident metabolic syndrome, its components, and type 2 diabetes in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Diet soda consumption was assessed by food frequency questionnaire at baseline (2000–2002). Incident type 2 diabetes was identified at three follow-up examinations (2002–2003, 2004–2005, and 2005–2007) as fasting glucose &amp;gt;126 mg/dl, self-reported type 2 diabetes, or use of diabetes medication. Metabolic syndrome (and components) was defined by National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CI for type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and metabolic syndrome components were estimated, adjusting for demographic, lifestyle, and dietary confounders. RESULTS At least daily consumption of diet soda was associated with a 36% greater relative risk of incident metabolic syndrome and a 67% greater relative risk of incident type 2 diabetes compared with nonconsumption (HR 1.36 [95% CI 1.11–1.66] for metabolic syndrome and 1.67 [1.27–2.20] for type 2 diabetes). Of metabolic syndrome components, only high waist circumference (men ≥102 cm and women ≥88 cm) and high fasting glucose (≥100 mg/dl) were prospectively associated with diet soda consumption. Associations between diet soda consumption and type 2 diabetes were independent of baseline measures of adiposity or changes in these measures, whereas associations between diet soda and metabolic syndrome were not independent of these factors. CONCLUSIONS Although these observational data cannot establish causality, consumption of diet soda at least daily was associated with significantly greater risks of select incident metabolic syndrome components and type 2 diabetes.
Vascular Changes in Eyes Treated with Dexamethasone Intravitreal Implant for Macular Edema after Retinal Vein Occlusion
Authors: SriniVas Sadda, Ronald P. Danis, Rajeev R. Pappuru, Pearse A. Keane, Jenny Jiao, Xiao-Yan Li, Scott M. Whitcup
Journal: Ophthalmology (2013)