tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Breast carcinoma with brain metastases: clinical analysis and immunoprofile on tissue microarrays
Authors: E. Brogi, C.G. Murphy, M.L. Johnson, A.K. Conlin, M. Hsu, S. Patil, M. Akram, T. Nehhozina, K.L. Jhaveri, C.A. Hudis, A.D. Seidman
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2011)
Regional Cell Proliferation in Microdissected Human Prostate Specimens after Heavy Water Labeling <i>In Vivo</i>: Correlation with Prostate Epithelial Cells Isolated from Seminal Fluid
Authors: Gregory M. Hayes, Jeff Simko, Daniel Holochwost, Kyle Kuchinsky, Robert Busch, Lisa Misell, Elizabeth J. Murphy, Peter Carroll, June Chan, Katsuto Shinohara, Marc K. Hellerstein
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2012)

Prostate cancer is detected with increasing frequency but has a highly variable natural history and prognosis and active surveillance of men with low-risk prostate cancer would benefit greatly from minimally invasive methods to identify progression. We describe here two novel in vivo metrics of cell proliferation in men with prostate neoplasia.Three groups of men drank heavy water, a nonradioactive, stable isotopic tracer for 14 to 28 days: (i) healthy men, (ii) men scheduled for transrectal core needle biopsy, and (iii) men scheduled for radical prostatectomy. Prostate epithelial cells (PEC) were isolated from ejaculated seminal fluid in all subjects. Histologically graded lesions were microdissected from tissue slides obtained from subjects undergoing surgery and proliferation rates were measured from isolated cells via mass spectrometry.Proliferation rates of seminal PEC in healthy men (0.10%-0.27%/d) were stable on repeat sampling. Rates above 0.34%/d were seen only in patients with cancer where rates increased progressively from normal tissue through benign prostate hyperplasia, prostate intraepithelial neoplasia, and tumor grades III and IV in all subjects. Seminal PEC kinetics correlated highly with the most proliferative microdissected region in each subject (r(2) = 0.94).Prostate cell proliferation can be measured in vivo from microdissected histopathology sections or noninvasively from seminal fluid where the latter reflects the most proliferative region of the gland. This approach may allow monitoring of progression in men with low-risk prostate cancer.
The contribution of megakaryocytes to liver fibrosis
Authors: J Thachil
Journal: Gut (2009)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Changes in land use trigger environmental changes that can lead to decreased biodiversity and species loss. The liver is an essential detoxification organ that reflects systemic physiological responses to environmental changes. Here, we tested whether land use changes influence the amount of substances from the hepatic cellular catabolism and melanomacrophages of five anuran species in the Brazilian Cerrado. We used routine histological and histochemical techniques. We then use recently developed ecological methods to relate functional traits to environmental variables. There was an increase in the amount of melanin in environments with high proportion of agriculture, as well as variation in the amount of lipofuscin and hemosiderin. Therefore, the area of melanomacrophages in the liver and the metabolic products in their cytoplasm can be used as biomarkers of environmental changes in regions with intense agricultural activities. Our results add a new perspective to the influence of land use changes on environmental health by highlighting the effect of environmental changes on internal morphological aspects of animals.
Serum lipids and depression
Authors: TimoE. Strandberg, Jaakko Valvanne, ReijoS. Tilvis, GeorgeDavey Smith, MartinJ. Shipley, Nick Payne, Paul Redgrave, M.J. Dealberto, P. Ducimetiere, F. Mainard, A. Alperovitch
Journal: The Lancet (1993)
COPD prevalence in a random population survey: a matter of definition
Authors: P. Shirtcliffe, M. Weatherall, S. Marsh, J. Travers, A. Hansell, A. McNaughton, S. Aldington, H. Muellerova, R. Beasley
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2007)

A recent American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society joint Task Force report recommends using a lower limit of normal (LLN) of forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity as opposed to a fixed ratio of &lt;0.7 to diagnose airflow obstruction, in order to reduce false positive diagnoses of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as defined by the Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD). To date, there is no reliable spirometry-based prevalence data for COPD in New Zealand and the effect of different definitions of airflow obstruction based on post-bronchodilator spirometry is not known. Detailed written questionnaires, full pulmonary function tests (including pre- and post-bronchodilator flow–volume loops) and atopy testing were completed in 749 subjects recruited from a random population sample. The GOLD-defined, age-adjusted prevalence (95% confidence interval) for adults aged ≥40 yrs was 14.2 (11.0–17.0)% compared with an LLN-defined, age-adjusted, post-bronchodilator prevalence in the same group of 9.0 (6.7–11.3)%. The prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease varied markedly depending on the definition used. Further research using longitudinal rather than cross-sectional data will help decide the preferred approach in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease prevalence surveys.
Treatment of Ebola virus infection with a recombinant inhibitor of factor VIIa/tissue factor: a study in rhesus monkeys
Authors: Thomas W Geisbert, Lisa E Hensley, Peter B Jahrling, Tom Larsen, Joan B Geisbert, Jason Paragas, Howard A Young, Terry M Fredeking, William E Rote, George P Vlasuk
Journal: The Lancet (2003)
Feasibility of family based screening for colorectal neoplasia: experience in one general surgical practice.
Authors: B M Stephenson, V A Murday, P J Finan, P Quirke, M F Dixon, D T Bishop
Journal: Gut (1993)

Relatives of patients with colorectal cancer have on average a two to threefold increased risk for developing bowel neoplasia although in some families the risk is much higher. This study examined the compliance for endoscopic screening and faecal occult blood testing among first degree relatives of patients with colorectal cancer to determine the feasibility of offering a screening service in a surgical practice. The endoscopic method (flexible sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy) offered depended upon the extent of family history. Spouses of patients were offered flexible sigmoidoscopy as a group for comparison. Compliance in first degree relatives was significantly higher than in spouses (69% v 47%, p &lt; 0.01) and among those relatives of patients who had died recently from colorectal cancer but time since diagnosis in the index case had no effect. Adenomas were found in 14 of 92 (15%) relatives and three of 30 (10%) spouses. It is estimated that, under our screening guidelines, every 100 patients with colorectal cancer would generate a list of 35-40 relatives who would be screened once by flexible sigmoidoscopy and perhaps 75, who because of their young age, might be screened twice in their lifetime. Also, from this same 100 patients, about 12-15 relatives would merit entry in a colonoscopic screening programme because of their more extensive family history. These results indicate that endoscopic screening of relatives of patients with colorectal cancer is feasible within a practice.
Relation between oesophageal acid exposure and healing of oesophagitis with omeprazole in patients with severe reflux oesophagitis.
Authors: R H Holloway, J Dent, F Narielvala, A M Mackinnon
Journal: Gut (1996)

BACKGROUND/AIMS--Reducing oesophageal acid exposure by suppressing acid secretion with omeprazole is highly effective in healing reflux oesophagitis. Some patients with severe oesophagitis, fail to heal and whether this results from inadequate acid suppression or other factors is unclear. The aim of this study, was to investigate the relation between oesophageal acid exposure and healing in patients with severe reflux oesophagitis treated with omeprazole. METHODS--Sixty one patients with grade 3 or 4 ulcerative oesophagitis were treated for eight weeks with omeprazole 20 mg every morning. Those patients unhealed at eight weeks were treated with 40 mg every morning for a further eight weeks. Endoscopy and 24 hour oesophageal pH monitoring were performed before treatment and at the end of each treatment phase while receiving treatment. RESULTS--Thirty per cent of patients failed to heal with the 20 mg dose. Unhealed patients had greater total 24 hour oesophageal acid exposure before treatment, and while receiving treatment also had greater acid exposure and a smaller reduction in acid exposure than did patients who healed. Forty seven per cent of the unhealed patients also failed to heal with the 40 mg dose. These patients had similar levels of acid exposure before treatment to those who healed, but had greater acid exposure while receiving treatment, particularly at night when supine. CONCLUSIONS--Patients with severe ulcerative oesophagitis who are refractory to omeprazole have greater oesophageal acid exposure while receiving treatment than responding patients. This is due to a reduced responsiveness to acid suppression, and is likely to be an important factor underlying the failure of the oesophagitis to heal.
Late pulmonary artery stump thrombosis with post embolic pulmonary hypertension after pneumonectomy
Authors: P A Thomas
Journal: Thorax (2006)

Ten years after right pneumonectomy for primary lung cancer, a 51 year old man developed a pulmonary artery stump thrombosis which produced microemboli in the remaining lung and, in turn, led to chronic pulmonary hypertension. This case strongly suggests that prolonged postoperative thromboembolic prophylaxis should be considered in patients undergoing right pneumonectomy.
Weekly docetaxel and capecitabine is not effective in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer: a phase II study
Authors: M. Orditura, E. Martinelli, G. Galizia, C. Carlomagno, G. Aurilio, L. Vecchione, Eva Lieto, S. De Placido, G. Catalano, F. Ciardiello, F. De Vita
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2006)
Abstract 2649: Development of an antibody-drug conjugate targeting TIM-1 for the treatment of ovarian and renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Lawrence J. Thomas, Laura Vitale, Thomas O'Neill, Ree Dolnick, Paul K. Wallace, Hans Minderman, Lauren E. Gergel, Eric M. Forsberg, James M. Boyer, James R. Storey, Russell A. Hammond, Jennifer Widger, Karuna Sundarapandiyan, Andrea Crocker, Henry C. Marsh, Tibor Keler
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 1 (TIM-1) is a type I transmembrane protein that was originally described as kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) due to its elevated expression in kidney and urine after renal injury. Tim-1 expression is also upregulated in several human cancers, most notably in renal cell and ovarian carcinomas, but has very restricted expression in healthy tissues thus representing a promising target for antibody mediated therapy. To this end we have developed a fully human monoclonal IgG1 antibody specific for extracellular domain of TIM-1. This antibody was shown to bind purified recombinant chimeric TIM-1-Fc protein and TIM-1 expressed on a variety of transformed cell lines, including Caki-1 (human renal clear cell carcinoma), IGROV-1 (human ovarian adenocarcinoma) and ACHN (human renal cell adenocarcinoma). Internalization studies using confocal microscopy revealed the antibody was rapidly internalized by cells in vitro, and the internalization was confirmed by quantitative imaging flow cytometry using ImageStream. An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) was produced with the anti-TIM-1 antibody covalently linked to a potent cytotoxin, monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), and designated CDX-014. The ADC was shown to exhibit in vitro cytostatic or cytotoxic activity against a variety of TIM-1 expressing cell lines, but not on TIM-1 negative cell lines. Using the Caki-1 and IGROV-1 xenograft models, CDX-014 showed significant anti-tumor activity in the range of 75-300 μg/dose given every four days for a total of four doses. Activities are on-going to support the manufacturing and IND-enabling studies in order to advance CDX-014 towards clinical studies in renal cell carcinomas and potentially other TIM-1 expressing tumors. Citation Format: Lawrence J. Thomas, Laura Vitale, Thomas O'Neill, Ree Dolnick, Paul K. Wallace, Hans Minderman, Lauren E. Gergel, Eric M. Forsberg, James M. Boyer, James R. Storey, Russell A. Hammond, Jennifer Widger, Karuna Sundarapandiyan, Andrea Crocker, Henry C. Marsh, Tibor Keler. Development of an antibody-drug conjugate targeting TIM-1 for the treatment of ovarian and renal cell carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2649. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2649
THE BEHAVIOR OF POX VIRUSES IN THE RESPIRATORY TRACT
Authors: John B. Nelson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1938)

A catarrhal reaction manifested by a coryza and a pneumonia of characteristic pathology was regularly produced in mice by the nasal instillation of vaccinia virus. Inoculation into embryonated eggs indicated that the virus entered the circulation as early as the 2nd day after injection. The vaccinial catarrh was readily transmissible by the passage of nasal exudate but not by contact. Dosage was important in establishing the virus in the nasal passages, the limiting dilution being approximately 10–3 of an egg membrane suspension (at least 1000 times the amount required to infect an embryonated egg). The morbidity rate was variable but in general high, reaching 70 per cent in 2 groups of 50 mice. An immunity which was effective against reinfection for several months but ultimately declined was attendant on recovery. The amount of virus required to produce this immunity was significantly less than the infective dosage.
Efficient Transduction of Simian Cells by HIV-1-based Lentiviral Vectors that Contain Mutations in the Capsid Protein
Authors: Maarten AN Rits, Karel A van Dort, Carsten Münk, Alexander B Meijer, Neeltje A Kootstra
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2007)

Recently, the cyclophilin A (CyPA)-binding region of the HIV-1 capsid protein was identified as a viral determinant involved in the post-entry restriction in Old World monkey cells. Here, we constructed a panel of HIV-1-based lentiviral vectors (LVs) that contain either mutations in the CyPA-binding region or the CyPA-binding region of the related viruses HIV-1 group O and HIV-2. We demonstrated that amino-acid changes in the CyPA-binding region of the capsid can alter the phenotype of the virus resulting in CyPA-independent infection in human cells and non-restricted infection in simian cells. Combining these data with the available structural data, we speculate that reduced affinity of the capsid for CyPA is associated with an unrestricted infection of simian cells. In addition, we observed that primary rhesus macaque peripheral blood mononuclear cells could be transduced efficiently by the LV that contained the CyPA-binding region of HIV-2. Therefore, this LV might be very useful for long-term safety studies in large animal models like rhesus macaques. Recently, the cyclophilin A (CyPA)-binding region of the HIV-1 capsid protein was identified as a viral determinant involved in the post-entry restriction in Old World monkey cells. Here, we constructed a panel of HIV-1-based lentiviral vectors (LVs) that contain either mutations in the CyPA-binding region or the CyPA-binding region of the related viruses HIV-1 group O and HIV-2. We demonstrated that amino-acid changes in the CyPA-binding region of the capsid can alter the phenotype of the virus resulting in CyPA-independent infection in human cells and non-restricted infection in simian cells. Combining these data with the available structural data, we speculate that reduced affinity of the capsid for CyPA is associated with an unrestricted infection of simian cells. In addition, we observed that primary rhesus macaque peripheral blood mononuclear cells could be transduced efficiently by the LV that contained the CyPA-binding region of HIV-2. Therefore, this LV might be very useful for long-term safety studies in large animal models like rhesus macaques.
Differentiating patients with glaucoma from glaucoma suspects and normal subjects by nerve fiber layer assessment with scanning laser polarimetry1,21Drs. Choplin and Lundy have no proprietary interest in any product discussed in this presentation, and this presentation is not intended to be a commercial endorsement of any product by the Navy or the United States government. Dr. Dreher is the President and Chief Executive Officer of Laser Diagnostic Technologies and has a proprietary interest in…
Authors: Neil T Choplin, Diane C Lundy, Andreas W Dreher
Journal: Ophthalmology (1998)
Direct proteasome-independent cross-presentation of viral antigen by plasmacytoid dendritic cells on major histocompatibility complex class I
Authors: Tiziana Di Pucchio, Bithi Chatterjee, Anna Smed-Sörensen, Sandra Clayton, Adam Palazzo, Monica Montes, Yaming Xue, Ira Mellman, Jacques Banchereau, John E Connolly
Journal: Nature Immunology (2008)
Pseudo-steroid resistant asthma
Authors: P. S Thomas, D. M Geddes, P. J Barnes
Journal: Thorax (1999)

<h3>BACKGROUND</h3> Steroid resistant asthma (SRA) represents a small subgroup of those patients who have asthma and who are difficult to manage. Two patients with apparent SRA are described, and 12 additional cases who were admitted to the same hospital are reviewed. <h3>METHODS</h3> The subjects were selected from a tertiary hospital setting by review of all asthma patients admitted over a two year period. Subjects were defined as those who failed to respond to high doses of bronchodilators and oral glucocorticosteroids, as judged by subjective assessment, audible wheeze on examination, and serial peak flow measurements. <h3>RESULTS</h3> In 11 of the 14 patients identified there was little to substantiate the diagnosis of severe or steroid resistant asthma apart from symptoms and upper respiratory wheeze. Useful tests to differentiate this group of patients from those with severe asthma appear to be: the inability to perform reproducible forced expiratory manoeuvres, normal airway resistance, and a concentration of histamine causing a 20% fall in the forced expiratory volume (FEV<sub>1</sub>) being within the range for normal subjects (PC<sub>20</sub>). Of the 14 subjects, four were health care staff and two reported childhood sexual abuse. <h3>CONCLUSION</h3> Such patients are important to identify as they require supportive treatment which should not consist of high doses of glucocorticosteroids and β<sub>2</sub> adrenergic agonists. Diagnoses other than asthma, such as gastro-oesophageal reflux, hyperventilation, vocal cord dysfunction and sleep apnoea, should be sought as these may be a cause of glucocorticosteroid treatment failure and pseudo-SRA, and may respond to alternative treatment.
Preoperative Chemotherapy in Primary Operable Breast Cancer: Results From the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Trial 10902
Authors: Jos A. van der Hage, Cornelis J.H. van de Velde, Jean-Pierre Julien, Michelle Tubiana-Hulin, Cecile Vandervelden, Luc Duchateau
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2001)

PURPOSE: To evaluate whether preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with primary operable breast cancer results in better overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival rates and whether preoperative chemotherapy permits more breast-conserving surgery procedures than postoperative chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Six hundred ninety-eight breast cancer patients (T1c, T2, T3, T4b, N0 to 1, and M0) were enrolled onto a randomized phase III trial that compared four cycles of fluorouracil, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide administered preoperatively versus the same regimen administered postoperatively (the first cycle administered within 36 hours after surgery). Patients were followed up for OS, progression-free survival (PFS), and locoregional recurrence (LRR). RESULTS: At a median follow-up of 56 months, there was no significant difference in terms of OS (hazards ratio, 1.16; P = .38), PFS (hazards ratio, 1.15; P = .27), and time to LRR (hazards ratio, 1.13; P = .61). Fifty-seven patients (23%) were downstaged by the preoperative chemotherapy, whereas 14 patients (18%) underwent mastectomy and not the planned breast-conserving therapy. CONCLUSION: The use of preoperative chemotherapy yields similar results in terms of PFS, OS, and locoregional control compared with conventional postoperative chemotherapy. In addition, preoperative chemotherapy enables more patients to be treated with breast-conserving surgery. Because preoperative chemotherapy does not improve disease outcome compared with postoperative chemotherapy, future trials should involve quality-of-life studies to investigate whether patients will benefit from this treatment modality.
Sympathetic Control of Lower Esophageal Sphincter Function in the Cat
Authors: Jacques Fournet, William J. Snape, Sidney Cohen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1979)

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of direct stimulation of the sympathetic nerves on the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) in the anesthetized cat. Neither unilateral nor bilateral cervical sympathectomy, or splanchnicectomy significantly modified basal LES pressure in animals with intact vagi, or animals having undergone bilateral cervical vagotomy. Electrical stimulation of the cut, peripheral, cervical sympathetic trunk increased mean arterial blood pressure, but had no effect on LES pressure or LES relaxation as induced by vagal stimulation. Stimulation of the central end of the cervical sympathetic trunk had no effect on LES pressure. Stimulation of the central end of the cut splanchnic nerve produced a decrease in LES pressure with a maximal response of 69.1±16.0% (mean±SEM). This inhibitory response was not modified by either propranolol or bilateral cervical vagotomy. Stimulation of the peripheral end of the cut, greater splanchnic nerve gave an increase in LES pressure with a maximal response of 38.2±7.19 mm Hg. Guanethidine, in the presence or absence of the adrenal glands, significantly augmented this excitatory response. This response was also slightly increased by phentolamine alone at 10 V, 1 Hz, but was not altered by propranolol. The excitatory response was completely antagonized by atropine or by trimethaphan camsylate. Stimulation of the peripheral end of the splanchnic nerve inhibited LES relaxation as induced by vagal stimulation. The results of this study suggest that: (a) the LES in the cat is not affected by either central or peripheral stimulation of the cervical sympathetic trunk; (b) the central portion of the splanchnic nerve carries an afferent inhibitory response to the LES through yet unknown pathways; (c) the peripheral splanchnic nerve carries an atropine-sensitive excitatory response to the LES; and (d) the splanchnic nerves may modulate LES relaxation as induced by vagal stimulation.
A NOTE ON THE AETIOLOGY OE ECZEMA
Authors: J. M. H. MACLEOD, I. MUENDE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1936)

Journal Article A NOTE ON THE AETIOLOGY OE ECZEMA Get access J. M. H. MACLEOD, J. M. H. MACLEOD Pathological Laboratory, St. John's Hospital for Skin Diseases Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I. MUENDE I. MUENDE Pathological Laboratory, St. John's Hospital for Skin Diseases Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 48, Issue 5, 1 May 1936, Pages 234–237, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1936.tb10333.x Published: 01 May 1936
Resistance to High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity and Insulin Resistance in Mice with Very Long-Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency
Authors: Dongyan Zhang, Jennifer Christianson, Zhen-Xiang Liu, Liqun Tian, Cheol Soo Choi, Susanne Neschen, Jianying Dong, Philip A. Wood, Gerald I. Shulman
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2010)