tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 351: Biophysical Cues From Nano Size Pillar Affect Character Of Human Endothelial Colony Forming Cells
Authors: Long-Hui Cui, Jung-Suk Kim, Hyung Joon Joo, Seung-Cheol Choi, Jong-Ho Kim, Ha-Rim Seo, Chi-Yeon Park, Ji-Hyun Choi, Soon Jun Hong, Kyu-Back Lee, Do-Sun Lim
Journal: Circulation Research (2014)

Background: Recently, biophysical cues from nano patterned surface received extra attention. Because, numerous cells in the human body is surrounded by the nano-microenvironment. Especially for the live cells biophysical cues from nanotopography is an important factor for cell motility and pathophysiology. Human Endothelial Colony Forming Cells (hECFCs) is human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) derived endothelial cell like cells which related with various disease occurrence. Methods: To investigate the effect of biophysical cues from nano size pillar surface, we use the novel nano size pillar surface culture dish in this experiment. The diameter size of nano pillar is 120nm to 360nm and we separate the gradient topography as High (280nm-360nm), Middle (200nm-280nm) and Low (120nm-200nm) respectively. hECFCs was derived from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMNCs) and cultured with EGM2-MV endothelial medium. Results: Attachment of hECFCs was decreased on the High (280nm-360nm) nano size pillar area. But, proliferation and apoptosis of hECFCs on the nano size pillar surface has no significant difference with hECFCs on the flat pattern. However, single cell morphology of hECFCs on the nano size pillar surface was distinct compared with hECFCs on the flat pattern. Finally, gene expression level of ROCK, Rho and Integrin family has changed on the nano size pillar surface. Conclusion: In this study we find that biophysical cues from nano size pillar surface can affect single cell morphology of hECFC and gene expression level. Further, through these several results we can know that ROCK family are related with biophysical cues from nanotopography and nano pillar diameter size can affect the optimal culture condition for hECFC.
Trends in national and state-level obesity in the USA after correction for self-report bias: analysis of health surveys.
Authors: Majid Ezzati, Hilarie Martin, Suzanne Skjold, Stephen Vander Hoorn, Christopher J L Murray
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2006)

To quantify population-level bias in self-reported weight and height as a function of age, sex, and the mode of self-report, and to estimate unbiased trends in national and state level obesity in the USA.Statistical analysis of repeated cross-sectional health examination surveys (the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey [NHANES]) and health surveys (the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System [BRFSS]) in the USA.The 50 states of the USA and the District of Columbia.In the USA, on average, women underreported their weight, but men did not. Young and middle-aged (<65 years) adult men over-reported their height more than women of the same age. In older age groups, over-reporting of height was similar in men and women. Population-level bias in self-reported weight was larger in telephone interviews (BRFSS) than in-person interviews (NHANES). Except in older adults, height was over-reported more often in telephone interviews than in-person interviews. Using corrected weight and height in the year 2000, Mississippi (30%) and Texas (31%) [corrected] had the highest prevalence of obesity for men; Texas (37%), Louisiana (37%), Mississippi (37%), District of Columbia (37%), Alabama (37%), and South Carolina (36%) for women.Population-level bias in self-reported weight and height is larger in telephone interviews than in-person interviews. Telephone interviews are a low-cost method for regular, nationally- and sub-nationally representative monitoring of obesity. It is possible to obtain corrected estimates of trends and geographical distributions of obesity from telephone interviews by using systematic analysis which measure weight and height from an independent sample of the same population.
Cross-Linking of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3—A Molecular Marker for the Photodynamic Reaction in Cells and Tumors
Authors: Barbara W. Henderson, Cecilia Daroqui, Erin Tracy, Lurine A. Vaughan, Gregory M. Loewen, Michele T. Cooper, Heinz Baumann
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Purpose: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) depends on the delivery of a photosensitizer to the target tissue that, under light exposure, produces singlet oxygen and other reactive oxygen species, which in turn cause the death of the treated cell. This study establishes a quantitative marker for the photoreaction that will predict the outcome of PDT. Experimental Design: Cells in tissue culture, murine s.c. tumors, and endobronchial carcinomas in patients were treated with PDT, and the noncleavable cross-linking of the latent signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) was determined. Results: Murine and human cancer cell lines reacted to PDT by an immediate covalent cross-linking of STAT3 to homodimeric and other complexes. The magnitude of this effect was strictly a function of the PDT reaction that is determined by the photosensitizer concentration and light dose. The cross-link reaction of STAT3 was proportional to the subsequent cytotoxic outcome of PDT. An equivalent photoreaction as detected in vitro occurred in tumors treated in situ with PDT. The light dose-dependent STAT3 cross-linking indicated the relative effectiveness of PDT as a function of the distance of the tissue to the treating laser light source. Absence of cross-links correlated with treatment failure. Conclusions: The data suggest that the relative amount of cross-linked STAT3 predicts the probability for beneficial outcome, whereas absence of cross-links predicts treatment failure. Determination of STAT3 cross-links after PDT might be clinically useful for early assessment of PDT response.
Simultaneous cancer of the pancreas occurring in husband and wife.
Authors: L J Ferguson, J M Watts
Journal: Gut (1980)

The simultaneous occurrence of cancer of the pancreas in husband and wife is reported. Both patients shared two dietary idiosyncrasies--namely, (1) the ingestion of copious amounts of margarine in which they cooked all their food and (2) the addition of 9coffee syrup9, a liquid concentrate of coffee, to their ground coffee before percolation. The possible role of the latter in the aetiology of pancreatic cancer is discussed.
Topical 5-fluorouracil to treat multiple or unresectable facial squamous cell carcinomas in xeroderma pigmentosum
Authors: Boussen Hamouda, Zwik Jamila, Rammeh Najet, Touati Slim, Nouira Rafiaa, Bouaouina Noureddine, El May Ahmed, Ferjaoui Mohamed, Kammoun Mohamed Ridha, Ladgham Abderrahman
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2001)
Influence of water diuresis on antimicrobial treatment of enterococcal pyelonephritis
Authors: Sandra P. Levison, Donald Kaye
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1972)

In the present studies, the effect of ampicillin (40 mg intramuscularly twice a day) in combination with water diuresis, produced by the ingestion of 5% dextrose in water, was determined on renal titers of enterococci after intravenous inoculation of 4 x 10(8)-2 x 10(9) enterococci into rats. Ampicillin injections with or without diuresis were started 4 or 21 days after initiation of infection and continued for 7 or 14 days. In comparison to controls (saline injections in rats drinking tap water), diuresis plus saline injections did not lower renal titers of enterococci. Injection of ampicillin in nondiuresing rats had little effect on renal titers of enterococci after 7 days of treatment started 4 or 21 days after initiation of infection. However, 2 wk of ampicillin therapy resulted in a significant decrease in renal titers. The addition of water diuresis to ampicillin treatment markedly potentiated the effect of ampicillin alone in decreasing renal titers of enterococci after 1 or 2 wk of therapy.These studies demonstrate that diuresis resulting from administration of dextrose in water plus ampicillin starting 4 or 21 days after intravenous injection of enterococci reduces renal titers more than ampicillin or diuresis alone.
How does dietary lipid lower blood alcohol concentrations?
Authors: A McFarlane, L Pooley, I M Welch, R D Rumsey, N W Read
Journal: Gut (1986)

To determine the mechanism, whereby food lowers blood alcohol concentrations, gastric emptying and blood alcohol profiles were measured in six healthy male volunteers after they had drunk a 200 ml solution of vodka and orange juice containing 0.5 g/kg alcohol. Subjects were studied on two separate occasions during infusion of isosmotic solutions of either Intralipid or saline into the ileum via an intestinal tube. Gastric emptying was significantly delayed by ileal infusion of fat emulsion and the peak blood alcohol concentration was significantly depressed. Similar effects were observed in three subjects when the solutions were infused into the duodenum. These results suggest that the reduction in alcohol absorption by food does not depend on the physical relationship between the alcohol and the food or between the food and the absorbing epithelium, but is probably caused by a delay in the delivery of alcohol to the small intestine, from where it is rapidly absorbed.
Variability of bronchodilator response and effects of inhaled corticosteroid treatment in obstructive airways disease. Dutch CNSLD Study Group.
Authors: H A Kerstjens, P L Brand, P H Quanjer, B A van der Bruggen-Bogaarts, G H Koeter, D S Postma
Journal: Thorax (1993)

BACKGROUND--In the day to day care of obstructive airways diseases (asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) important decisions such as disease classification and choice of therapy are based on assessment of the bronchodilator response. However, surprisingly little is known of the long term course of the bronchodilator response in patients with obstructive airways disease. METHODS--Data from a multicentre trial were used in which 274 patients aged 18-60 years with airways obstruction were selected with PC20 &lt; 8 mg/ml and FEV1 &lt; 95% CI of predicted. FEV1 was measured before and 20 minutes after 1000 micrograms terbutaline and 40 minutes after an additional 80 micrograms ipratropium bromide. Data were analysed from 185 patients who were followed up for 21 months (five measurements). Four different expressions of bronchodilator response (BDR) were examined for change under long term therapy, long term variability, and prognostic value in predicting response to inhaled corticosteroids. RESULTS--There was a significant reduction in BDR of 117 ml after three months of treatment with a beta 2 agonist plus a corticosteroid (BA + CS), but not after bronchodilators only. Significant reductions with BA + CS were also found in BDR as a percentage of initial FEV1, and in BDR as a percentage of predicted FEV1. Bronchodilator tests were quite variable (SD 186 ml or 11% of initial value) and less than half of the patients could consistently be classified as "irreversible" with recommended cutoff levels. The bronchodilator response at the start of the study proved to be a poor predictor of improvement in FEV1 under BA + CS treatment (correct prediction 60%). CONCLUSIONS--Bronchodilator responses decrease substantially with inhaled corticosteroid therapy, and within subject variability is considerable both in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Dichotomous decisions on whether patients are "irreversible" according to any single bronchodilator measurement should therefore be made with great caution. The bronchodilator response cannot be used accurately as a predictor of response to inhaled corticosteroids in obstructive airways disease.
SEQUENTIAL MECHANISMS IN THE ENHANCED ABSORPTION OF VITAMIN B12 BY INTRINSIC FACTOR IN THE RAT*
Authors: Bernard A. Cooper, William B. Castle
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1960)

Pernicious anemia, a clinical state of vitamin B12 deficiency, is characterized by a virtually complete absence of gastric intrinsic factor secretion, result- ing in marked inability of the patient to absorb the low concentrations of vitamin B12 present in usual dietary sources.Intrinsic factor deficiency is also produced by total gastrectomy in the rat and, as in the patient, can be temporarily abolished by the oral administration of intrinsic factor.A number of facts concerning the nature and function of in- trinsic factor have been discovered by observations on patients (1-2) and, recently, on gastrectomized rats (3-5).Intrinsic factor preparations of various species -man, hog, rat and dog-are capable of binding vitamin B12 (6-9) as are other substances such as food proteins which, however, lack intrinsic factor activity (10,11).Vitamin B12 bound by intrinsic factor is preferentially absorbed over unbound vitamin when both are simultaneously administered in pernicious anemia (12) as well as in the intes- tine of the gastrectomized rat (13).These facts suggest that normally the first task of the gastric intrinsic factor may be to compete for the vitamin B12 of ingested animal protein with which the vi- tamin is associated or bound.For convenience in reporting the present experiments, we shall refer to this competition as Phase I of the hypothetical action of intrinsic factor.That vitamin B12 bound to intrinsic factor is preferentially absorbed also suggests that the vitamin must approach, adhere to, and perhaps even penetrate the intestinal wall in combination with intrinsic factor.It has been stated that binding of vitamin B12 to rat intestinal segments in vitro is greatly enhanced by both hog (14) and rat (15) intrinsic factor-containing
Lymphoma in patients treated with anti-TNF: results of the 3-year prospective French RATIO registry
Authors: X Mariette, F Tubach, H Bagheri, M Bardet, J M Berthelot, P Gaudin, D Heresbach, A Martin, T Schaeverbeke, D Salmon, M Lemann, O Hermine, M Raphael, P Ravaud
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2009)

Objective: To describe cases of lymphoma associated with anti-TNF therapy, identify risk factors, estimate the incidence and compare the risks for different anti-TNF agents. Methods: A national prospective registry was designed (Research Axed on Tolerance of bIOtherapies; RATIO) to collect all cases of lymphoma in French patients receiving anti-TNF therapy from 2004 to 2006, whatever the indication. A case–control analysis was conducted including two controls treated with anti-TNF per case and an incidence study of lymphoma with the French population was used as the reference. Results: 38 cases of lymphoma, 31 non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) (26 B cell and five T cell), five Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) and two Hodgkin’s-like lymphoma were collected. Epstein–Barr virus was detected in both of two Hodgkin’s-like lymphoma, three of five HL and one NHL. Patients receiving adalimumab or infliximab had a higher risk than those treated with etanercept: standardised incidence ratio (SIR) 4.1 (2.3–7.1) and 3.6 (2.3–5.6) versus 0.9 (0.4–1.8). The exposure to adalimumab or infliximab versus etanercept was an independent risk factor for lymphoma in the case–control study: odds ratio 4.7 (1.3–17.7) and 4.1 (1.4–12.5), respectively. The sex and age-adjusted incidence rate of lymphoma was 42.1 per 100 000 patient-years. The SIR was 2.4 (95% CI 1.7 to 3.2). Conclusion: The two to threefold increased risk of lymphoma in patients receiving anti-TNF therapy is similar to that expected for such patients with severe inflammatory diseases. Some lymphomas associated with immunosuppression may occur, and the risk of lymphoma is higher with monoclonal-antibody therapy than with soluble-receptor therapy.
Response to MC Chamberlain: Convection-enhanced delivery of transforming growth factor- 2 inhibitor trabedersen for recurrent high-grade gliomas: efficacy real or imagined?, in reference to W Wick and M Weller: Trabedersen to target transforming growth factor- : when the journey is not the reward, in reference to Bogdahn et al. (Neuro-Oncology 2011;13:132-142)
Authors: U. Bogdahn
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2011)

We thank Dr. Chamberlain and Drs. Wick and Weller for their careful evaluation of our publication1 and their thoughtful comments. We would like to take the opportunity to respond to their comments to this randomized and controlled phase IIb trabedersen study.

Traditionally, drug development in oncology has been based on single-arm historically controlled phase II studies. To avoid the pitfalls associated with a single-arm design for phase II studies, randomization and a prospective control arm have been recommended to generate hypotheses that are to be confirmed in subsequent phase III studies.2,3

We therefore designed the trabedersen study in high-grade glioma as a randomized and active-controlled phase IIb study with high-quality standards, including central histopathology and central MRI reading.
Carbon monoxide–based therapy ameliorates acute pancreatitis via TLR4 inhibition
Authors: Jing Xue, Aida Habtezion
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

The protective role of hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) in various inflammatory conditions is mediated in part by its products, carbon monoxide (CO) and biliverdin. Here we investigated a therapeutic role for CO and CO-primed cells in acute pancreatitis (AP). In a mouse model of AP, treatment with CO-releasing molecule-2 (CORM-2) decreased mortality, pancreatic damage, and lung injury. CORM-2 decreased systemic inflammatory cytokines, suppressed systemic and pancreatic macrophage TNF-α secretion, and inhibited macrophage TLR4 receptor complex expression. In both human and mouse cells, CORM-2 inhibited endogenous and exogenous ligand-dependent TLR4 activation, which indicates that CORM-2 could be therapeutic for both early and late stages of AP, which involve sterile- and endotoxin-mediated inflammation, respectively. Mice engrafted with TLR4-deficient hematopoietic cells were protected against caerulein-induced AP. In the absence of leukocyte TLR4 expression, CORM-2 did not confer additional protection, which indicates that CORM-2-dependent effects are mediated via suppression of macrophage TLR4 activation. We determined that CO was directly responsible for the protective effects of CORM-2 in AP, as inactive forms of CORM-2 were ineffective. Importantly, adoptive transfer of CORM-2-primed cells reduced AP. Such a therapeutic approach would translate the beneficial effects of CO-based therapies, avoiding CO- or CO-RM-mediated toxicities in AP and a wide range of diseases.
Use of Bisphosphonates and Reduced Risk of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Gad Rennert, Mila Pinchev, Hedy S. Rennert, Stephen B. Gruber
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

Bisphosphonates are commonly used for the treatment of osteoporosis and bone metastases caused by breast cancer and were recently reported to be associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer, possibly acting through the mevalonate pathway, but their association with risk of other cancers is unknown.The Molecular Epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer study is a population-based, case-control study in northern Israel of patients with colorectal cancer and age-, sex-, clinic-, and ethnic group-matched controls. Long-term use of bisphosphonates before diagnosis was assessed in a subset of 933 pairs of postmenopausal female patients and controls, enrolled in Clalit Health Services, using computerized pharmacy records.The use of bisphosphonates for more than 1 year before diagnosis, but not for less than 1 year, was associated with a significantly reduced relative risk (RR) of colorectal cancer (RR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.35 to 0.71). This association remained statistically significant after adjustment in a model for vegetable consumption, sports activity, family history of colorectal cancer, body mass index, and use of low-dose aspirin, statins, vitamin D, and postmenopausal hormones (RR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.25 to 0.67). Concomitant use of bisphosphonates and statins did not further reduce the risk.The use of oral bisphosphonates for more than 1 year was associated with a 59% relative reduction in the risk of colorectal cancer, similar to the recently reported association of this drug class with reduction in breast cancer risk.
Rate Dependence of [Na <sup>+</sup> ] <sub>i</sub> and Contractility in Nonfailing and Failing Human Myocardium
Authors: Burkert Pieske, Lars S. Maier, Valentino Piacentino, Jutta Weisser, Gerd Hasenfuss, Steven Houser
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background — In the failing human heart, altered Ca 2+ homeostasis causes contractile dysfunction. Because Ca 2+ and Na + homeostasis are intimately linked through the Na + /Ca 2+ exchanger, we compared the regulation of [Na + ] i in nonfailing (NF) and failing human myocardium. Methods and Results — [Na + ] i was measured in SBFI-loaded muscle strips. At slow pacing rates (0.25 Hz, 37°C), isometric force was similar in NF (n=6) and failing (n=12) myocardium (6.4±1.2 versus 7.2±1.9 mN/mm 2 ), but [Na + ] i and diastolic force were greater in failing (22.1±2.6 mmol/L and 15.6±3.2 mN/mm 2 ) than in NF (15.9±3.1 mmol/L and 3.50±0.55 mN/mm 2 ; P &lt;0.05) myocardium. In NF hearts, increasing stimulation rates resulted in a parallel increase in force and [Na + ] i without changes in diastolic tension. At 2.0 Hz, force increased to 136±17% of the basal value ( P &lt;0.05), and [Na + ] i to 20.5±4.2 mmol/L ( P &lt;0.05). In contrast, in failing myocardium, force declined to 45±3%, whereas [Na + ] i increased to 27.4±3.2 mmol/L (both P &lt;0.05), in association with significant elevations in diastolic tension. [Na + ] i was higher in failing than in NF myocardium at every stimulation rate. [Na + ] i predicted in myocytes from Na + pipette -contraction relations was 8.0 mmol/L in NF (n=9) and 12.1 mmol/L in failing (n=57; P &lt;0.05) myocardium at 0.25 Hz. Reverse-mode Na + /Ca 2+ exchange induced significant Ca 2+ influx in failing but not NF myocytes, compatible with higher [Na + ] i in failing myocytes. Conclusions — Na + i homeostasis is altered in failing human myocardium. At slow heart rates, the higher [Na + ] i in failing myocardium appears to enhance Ca 2+ influx through Na + /Ca 2+ exchange and maintain sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ load and force development. At faster rates, failing myocytes with high [Na + ] i cannot further increase sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ load and are prone to diastolic Ca 2+ overload.