tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Outcome of Patients Treated With Repeat Percutaneous Coronary Intervention After Failure of γ-Brachytherapy for the Treatment of In-Stent Restenosis
Authors: Ross Prpic, Paul S. Teirstein, John P. Reilly, Jeffrey W. Moses, Prabhakar Tripuraneni, Alexandra J. Lansky, Joseph-Anthony Giorgianni, Shirish Jani, S. Chiu Wong, R. David Fish, Stephen Ellis, David R. Holmes, Dean Kereiakas, Richard E. Kuntz, Martin B. Leon
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Although (192)Ir intracoronary brachytherapy has been demonstrated to dramatically reduce the recurrence of in-stent restenosis, up to 24% of these patients will still require repeat target-vessel revascularization. The short- and long-term outcomes of repeat percutaneous intervention in this population have not been characterized.Analysis was performed of all patients enrolled in the GAMMA-I and GAMMA-II brachytherapy trials who underwent repeat percutaneous target lesion revascularization (TLR) because of restenosis. Subjects were divided into 2 cohorts: those who had received (192)Ir brachytherapy and those randomized to placebo. Forty-five (17.6%) of a total of 256 patients whose index treatment was intracoronary radiation therapy and 36 (29.8%) of 121 patients whose index treatment was placebo required repeat percutaneous TLR. The mean time to this first TLR was 295+/-206 days in the irradiated group and 202+/-167 days in the placebo group (P=0.03). Acute procedural success occurred in 100% of irradiated patients and 94% of placebo controls (P=0.19). After the first TLR, a subsequent TLR was required in 15 (33.3%) of 45 brachytherapy patients versus 17 (47.2%) of 36 placebo failure patients (P=0.26). There was no significant difference in time to second TLR between the 2 groups. Other long-term major adverse event rates in both groups were comparable to those of other contemporary angioplasty/stenting series.In those patients who "fail" (192)Ir intracoronary brachytherapy for in-stent restenosis, treatment with (192)Ir delays the time to first TLR. Additionally, repeat percutaneous intervention in these patients is safe and efficacious in the short term, with acceptable long-term results.
Conjoined twins, delivery and the memory of medicine
Authors: E S. Sills
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2005)

The book by Alice Dreger reviewed by Dr Kessel in the December 2004 JRSM1 is a wonderful portrayal of the painful curiosity, acclaim, and social stigma variously associated with conjoined twins, as well as the role of the heroic operations developed for their separation. Yet no single volume can include all cases of conjoined twins. Indeed, one set is regrettably underappreciated by modern sciences—the Blazek sisters of Bohemia (1878–1922). They represent an extreme manifestation of the terminal monogenital pygopagus subset of conjoined twins, with fusion of sacrum/pelves and a combined (septated) vagina. Indeed, the Blazek sisters stand out as the only known conjoined twins who themselves conceived and delivered a baby (a normal healthy male). Truly unique in the archive of medicine, one sister continued to menstruate through a shared vagina until the 32nd week of her conjoined twin's pregnancy. While the better known 'Siamese twins' Chang and Eng Bunker left historians a vast cultural legacy in all manner of poetry, portraiture and song, traces of the Blazek sisters (who likwise toured and exhibited extensively) have now all but vanished. Why has their story been forgotten? Although the Blazek's weaker marketing strategy might be to blame, the paucity of formal reports describing these twins in the medical literature certainly contributes to their present obscurity.2,3 Surprisingly, many 'comprehensive' obstetrics textbooks still miss this highly unusual reproductive accomplishment even in their footnotes. Nevertheless, in physiology it is from observations of the extreme where most is learned about what is possible among the ordinary. As the Blazek story slips into oblivion, our field risks losing another reminder that, even in the era before complex surgery, conjoined twins were not always consigned to an incomplete reproductive career.
Gastroscopy and gastric photography with the Olympus GTF-A
Authors: R. Cockel, C. F. Hawkins
Journal: Gut (1970)

One hundred patients were examined with the Olympus GTF-A fibregastroscope and gastrocamera. The entire stomach was seen in most cases; the technique permitting this is described in detail. The examination was most rewarding in patients with gastric haemorrhage and when radiology was equivocal. Advantages and disadvantages of the instrument are discussed.
Resminostat: Opening the door to epigenetic treatments for liver cancer
Authors: Jun Zhao, Matthew W. Lawless
Journal: Hepatology (2015)

Potential conflict of interest: Nothing to report. To the Editor: We read with great interest the comprehensive review by Mann1 detailing the molecular events of epigenetic regulation in liver disease, often associated with the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Disruption of epigenetic mechanisms has been proposed as a hallmark of carcinogenesis, specifically in HCC.2 Several lines of evidence have demonstrated that the aberrant expression of histone deacetylases (HDACs) is often associated with poor prognosis and survival rates in HCC.3 Targeting HDACs has been demonstrated as essential in controlling disease progression, sensitizing tumors to treatments and improving prognosis outcomes for patients.4 In this context, epigenetic medicine including HDAC inhibitors (HDACis) in its arsenal, is now considered a promising hope for HCC improving upon the poor 5‐year survival rate of between 6% and 11%. Indeed, HCC is a highly heterogeneous disease likely requiring multiple‐targeted therapeutic approaches, such as HDACis, as part of conventional treatment schemes for improved clinical outcomes. Resminostat is a novel oral pan‐HDACi currently in phase II clinical studies for HCC that specifically targets HDAC 1, 2, and 3, often overexpressed in liver cancer. A recent multicentered phase II SHELTER study carried out in 8 German and 6 Italian centres validated the efficacy and safety of resminostat for advanced HCC patients. In this study, patients were given resminostat in a 5‐day‐on and 9‐day‐off pattern along with sorafenib administration. Strikingly, the combination of resminostat and sorafenib yielded an unexpected 70% progression free survival (PFS) at 12 weeks. Moreover, treatment improved overall survival (OS) of HCC from 3 to 8 months.5 It is worth noting that another phase II clinical study demonstrated improvements to 6.6 months PFS and 4.1 months OS for HCC patients treated with belinostat (HDACi). Therefore, we want to emphasize with these clinical studies that epigenetic agents are already now opening the door to better treatment prospects for this devastating disease. Though much remains to be improved, specific biomarkers obtained from epigenetic profiling will allow better‐tailored pharmacological approaches, utilizing more‐specific agents that aim to extend OS even further. In conclusion, the emerging and rapidly growing epidrug field for HCC will no doubt give rise to improved therapeutic agents that can manipulate and ultimately conquer the aberrant landscape of the liver cancer epigenome.
Author's response: heterogeneity of change in LCI in patients with cystic fibrosis following antibiotic treatment
Authors: Alex Horsley
Journal: Thorax (2013)

I thank Yammine et al for their comments1 on our paper.2 In their interesting study, Yammine et al 1 have noted similar findings to those we described,2 albeit in a less severely affected and younger population of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. This raises important questions about what is happening in the lungs of CF patients during treatment for an exacerbation as well as the utility of lung clearance index (LCI) in this setting. It would appear that forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) is the more sensitive marker for change in this circumstance across a wide range of disease severities. Certainly the change in …
Which Hemostatic Markers Add to the Predictive Value of Conventional Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Disease and Ischemic Stroke?
Authors: Ann Smith, Chris Patterson, John Yarnell, Ann Rumley, Yoav Ben-Shlomo, Gordon Lowe
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Few studies have examined whether hemostatic markers contribute to risk of coronary disease and ischemic stroke independently of conventional risk factors. This study examines 11 hemostatic markers that reflect different aspects of the coagulation process to determine which have prognostic value after accounting for conventional risk factors.A total of 2398 men aged 49 to 65 years were examined in 1984 to 1988, and the majority gave a fasting blood sample for assay of lipids and hemostatic markers. Men were followed up for a median of 13 years, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) events were recorded. There were 486 CVD events in total, 353 with prospective coronary disease and 133 with prospective ischemic stroke. On univariable analysis, fibrinogen, low activated protein C ratio, D-dimer, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) were associated significantly with risk of CVD. On multivariable analyses with conventional risk factors forced into the proportional hazards model, fibrinogen, D-dimer, and PAI-1 were significantly associated with risk of CVD, whereas factor VIIc showed an inverse association (P=0.001). In a model that contained the conventional risk factors, the hazard ratio for subsequent CVD in the top third of the distribution of predicted risk relative to the bottom third was 2.7 for subjects without preexisting CVD. This ratio increased to 3.7 for the model that also contained the 4 hemostatic factors.Fibrinogen, D-dimer, PAI-1 activity, and factor VIIc each has potential to increase the prediction of coronary disease/ischemic stroke in middle-aged men, in addition to conventional risk factors.
Liver transplantation: Intraoperative changes in coagulation factors in 100 first transplants
Authors: Jessica H. Lewis, Franklin A. Bontempo, Sami A. Awad, Yoo Goo Kang, Joseph E. Kiss, Margaret V. Ragni, Joel A. Spero, Thomas E. Starzl
Journal: Hepatology (1989)

Six intraoperative blood samples were obtained at intervals from each of 100 individuals undergoing their first liver transplants. The patients fell into the following diagnostic categories: postnecrotic cirrhosis 28, primary biliary cirrhosis 20, sclerosing cholangitis 19, miscellaneous diseases 14, carcinoma/neoplasia 12 and fulminant hepatitis 7. Coagulation factor values in the initial (baseline) blood samples varied by patient diagnosis. In general, all factor levels were reduced except factor VIII:C, which was increased to almost twice normal. The slight intraoperative changes in factors II, VII, IX, X, XI and XII suggested that a steady-state relationship existed between depletion (consumption/bleeding) and repletion (transfusion, transit from extra- to intravascular space), even in the anhepatic state. In contrast, there were rapid and very significant falls in factor VIII and fibrinogen and a less pronounced decrease in factor V, all reaching their nadirs in early to mid-Stage III. The cause of these coagulation changes appears to be activation of the fibrinolytic system.
Stage pT0 in Radical Prostatectomy with No Residual Carcinoma and with a Previous Positive Biopsy Conveys a Wrong Message to Clinicians and Patients: Why Is Cancer Not Present in the Radical Prostatectomy Specimen?
Authors: Rodolfo Montironi, Liang Cheng, Antonio Lopez-Beltran, Marina Scarpelli, Roberta Mazzucchelli, Gregor Mikuz, Ziya Kirkali, Francesco Montorsi
Journal: European Urology (2009)
Potassium and chronic renal failure.
Authors: H. Yatzidis, D. Triantafillidis, S. Voudiclaris, C. Koutsoyannis
Journal: BMJ (1970)

should like to present a case of refractory hypertension in a patient despite long- term low sodium haemodialysis, which successfully responded to use of a potassiumfree dialysate, suggesting a possible rele- on 22 August
Cervical Cancer Screening in Average-Risk Women: Best Practice Advice From the Clinical Guidelines Committee of the American College of Physicians
Authors: George F. Sawaya, Shalini Kulasingam, Thomas D. Denberg, Amir Qaseem
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Description: The purpose of this best practice advice article is to describe the indications for screening for cervical cancer in asymptomatic, average-risk women aged 21 years or older. Methods: The evidence reviewed in this work is a distillation of relevant publications (including systematic reviews) used to support current guidelines. Best Practice Advice 1: Clinicians should not screen average-risk women younger than 21 years for cervical cancer. Best Practice Advice 2: Clinicians should start screening average-risk women for cervical cancer at age 21 years once every 3 years with cytology (cytologic tests without human papillomavirus [HPV] tests). Best Practice Advice 3: Clinicians should not screen average-risk women for cervical cancer with cytology more often than once every 3 years. Best Practice Advice 4: Clinicians may use a combination of cytology and HPV testing once every 5 years in average-risk women aged 30 years or older who prefer screening less often than every 3 years. Best Practice Advice 5: Clinicians should not perform HPV testing in average-risk women younger than 30 years. Best Practice Advice 6: Clinicians should stop screening average-risk women older than 65 years for cervical cancer if they have had 3 consecutive negative cytology results or 2 consecutive negative cytology plus HPV test results within 10 years, with the most recent test performed within 5 years. Best Practice Advice 7: Clinicians should not screen average-risk women of any age for cervical cancer if they have had a hysterectomy with removal of the cervix.
Genome Project Puts Ethics First; Moves To Set Guidelines
Authors: C. Vanchieri
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Journal Article Genome Project Puts Ethics First; Moves To Set Guidelines Get access Cori Vanchieri Cori Vanchieri Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 83, Issue 7, 3 April 1991, Pages 464–465, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.7.464-a Published: 03 April 1991
Patient Satisfaction and Its Relationship With Quality and Outcomes of Care After Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Douglas S. Lee, Jack V. Tu, Alice Chong, David A. Alter
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background— Patient satisfaction is a widely used measurement for the evaluation of medical care. We examined the extent to which quality of care received after acute myocardial infarction predicted subsequent patient satisfaction with care and whether patient satisfaction itself was associated with long-term survival after acute myocardial infarction. Methods and Results— In a longitudinal cohort of acute myocardial infarction, we examined the associations of patient-reported satisfaction with care with clinical characteristics, physical and psychological function measures, quality indicators of myocardial infarction care, and outcomes. Among 1933 eligible patients (mean age 62.9±12.8 years, 70.5% men), 1866 survey respondents were analyzed. Of the study cohort, 1711 (91.7%) reported that they were satisfied with their overall care. Patients who reported satisfaction with care were older (mean age 63.1±12.7 versus 60.1±13.3 years, P =0.005), had improved physical function, and were less likely to be depressed. Better physical function, measured by the Specific Activity Scale, predicted higher satisfaction, with an OR of 1.75 (95% CI 1.17 to 2.68, P =0.008) for intermediate versus poor function and 2.96 (1.39 to 7.34, P =0.009) for high versus poor function, after adjustment for age, sex, income tertile, and ethnicity. Depression was the major predictor of dissatisfaction with overall care, with an OR of 0.44 (95% CI 0.29 to 0.67, P &lt;0.001). Quality indicators for myocardial infarction care and clinical outcomes were not associated with patient satisfaction. Conclusions— Satisfaction with care was more likely in patients who were older, in those without depression, and in those with better functional capacity, but it was not associated with the quality of myocardial infarction care or survival.
EXCAVATOR: detecting copy number variants from whole-exome sequencing data
Authors: Alberto Magi, Lorenzo Tattini, Ingrid Cifola, Romina D’Aurizio, Matteo Benelli, Eleonora Mangano, Cristina Battaglia, Elena Bonora, Ants Kurg, Marco Seri, Pamela Magini, Betti Giusti, Giovanni Romeo, Tommaso Pippucci, Gianluca De Bellis, Rosanna Abbate, Gian Franco Gensini
Journal: Genome biology (2013)

Abstract Abstract We developed a novel software tool, EXCAVATOR, for the detection of copy number variants (CNVs) from whole-exome sequencing data. EXCAVATOR combines a three-step normalization procedure with a novel heterogeneous hidden Markov model algorithm and a calling method that classifies genomic regions into five copy number states. We validate EXCAVATOR on three datasets and compare the results with three other methods. These analyses show that EXCAVATOR outperforms the other methods and is therefore a valuable tool for the investigation of CNVs in largescale projects, as well as in clinical research and diagnostics. EXCAVATOR is freely available at http://sourceforge.net/projects/excavatortool/ .
Microarray Gene Expression Profiling of B-Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Subgroups Defined by Genomic Aberrations and <i>VH</i> Mutation Status
Authors: Christian Haslinger, Norbert Schweifer, Stephan Stilgenbauer, Hartmut Döhner, Peter Lichter, Norbert Kraut, Christian Stratowa, Roger Abseher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

Genomic aberrations and mutational status of the immunoglobulin variable heavy chain (VH) gene have been shown to be among the most important predictors for outcome in patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). In this study, we report on differential gene expression patterns that are characteristic for genetically defined B-CLL subtypes.One hundred genetically well-characterized B-CLL samples, together with 11 healthy control samples, were analyzed using oligonucleotide arrays, which test for the expression of some 12,000 human genes.Aiming at microarray-based subclassification, class predictors were constructed using sets of differentially expressed genes, which yielded in zero or low misclassification rates. Furthermore, a significant number of the differentially expressed genes clustered in chromosomal regions affected by the respective genomic losses/gains. Deletions affecting chromosome bands 11q22-q23 and 17p13 led to a reduced expression of the corresponding genes, such as ATM and p53, while trisomy 12 resulted in the upregulation of genes mapping to chromosome arm 12q. Using an unsupervised analysis algorithm, expression profiling allowed partitioning into predominantly VH-mutated versus unmutated patient groups; however, association of the expression profile with the VH mutational status could only be detected in male patients.The finding that the most significantly differentially expressed genes are located in the corresponding aberrant chromosomal regions indicates that a gene dosage effect may exert a pathogenic role in B-CLL. The significant difference in the partitioning of male and female B-CLL samples suggests that the genomic signature for the VH mutational status might be sex-related.
The Glucocorticoid Receptor Controls Hepatic Dyslipidemia through Hes1
Authors: Ulrike Lemke, Anja Krones-Herzig, Mauricio Berriel Diaz, Prachiti Narvekar, Anja Ziegler, Alexandros Vegiopoulos, Andrew C.B. Cato, Sebastian Bohl, Ursula Klingmüller, Robert A. Screaton, Karin Müller-Decker, Sander Kersten, Stephan Herzig
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2008)
Microalbuminuria in Type 1 Diabetes Is Associated With Enhanced Excretion of the Endocytic Multiligand Receptors Megalin and Cubilin
Authors: Kathryn M. Thrailkill, Teresa Nimmo, R. Clay Bunn, Gael E. Cockrell, Cynthia S. Moreau, Samuel Mackintosh, Ricky D. Edmondson, John L. Fowlkes
Journal: Diabetes Care (2009)

OBJECTIVE Proteinuria is the hallmark of diabetic nephropathy; yet, glomerular histology does not fully explain mechanisms contributing to proteinuria. Our objective was to identify proteins in the urine of individuals with type 1 diabetes and microalbuminuria that might implicate a mechanistic pathway operative in proteinuria. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Using a GeLC/MS platform proteomics approach, we compared the urine proteome from 12 healthy nondiabetic individuals, 12 subjects with type 1 diabetes yet normal urinary albumin excretion rates, and 12 subjects with type 1 diabetes and microalbuminuria (type 1 diabetes + microalbuminuria). RESULTS The abundance of megalin and cubilin, two multiligand receptors expressed in kidney proximal tubule cells and involved with the reuptake of filtered albumin and megalin/cubilin ligands, was significantly increased in type 1 diabetes + microalbuminuria urine, compared with both nonalbuminuric groups. CONCLUSIONS Aberrant shedding of megalin and cubilin could contribute to albuminuria in diabetes and to deficiency states of important vitamins and hormones.
Hexaminolevulinate-Guided Fluorescence Cystoscopy in the Diagnosis and Follow-Up of Patients with Non–Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: Review of the Evidence and Recommendations
Authors: J. Alfred Witjes, Juan Palou Redorta, Didier Jacqmin, Frank Sofras, Per-Uno Malmström, Claus Riedl, Dieter Jocham, Giario Conti, Francesco Montorsi, Harm C. Arentsen, Dirk Zaak, A. Hugh Mostafid, Marko Babjuk
Journal: European Urology (2010)
Risk Stratification of In-Hospital Mortality for Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
Authors: Edward L. Hannan, Chuntao Wu, Edward V. Bennett, Russell E. Carlson, Alfred T. Culliford, Jeffrey P. Gold, Robert S.D. Higgins, O. Wayne Isom, Craig R. Smith, Robert H. Jones
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)
Coeliac disease and risk of sepsis
Authors: J F Ludvigsson, O Olen, M Bell, A Ekbom, S M Montgomery
Journal: Gut (2008)

<h3>Objective:</h3> To examine the risk of subsequent sepsis in individuals with coeliac disease. <h3>Design:</h3> We used Swedish national health registers to identify 15 325 individuals with a diagnosis of coeliac disease (1964–2003) and 14 494 inpatient reference individuals. Cox regression estimated the hazard ratios (HRs) for subsequent sepsis. <h3>Results:</h3> Compared with inpatient reference individuals, individuals with coeliac disease were at increased risk of sepsis (HR = 1.6, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 1.2 to 1.9, p&lt;0.001). The highest risk estimates were seen for pneumococcal sepsis (HR = 2.5, 95% CI = 1.2 to 5.1, p = 0.014). Individuals with coeliac disease diagnosed in childhood were not at increased risk of subsequent sepsis (HR = 1.0, 95% CI = 0.6 to 1.9, p = 0.908). When individuals with coeliac disease were compared with reference individuals from the general population, coeliac disease was associated with an increased risk of sepsis (HR = 2.6, 95% CI = 2.1 to 3.0, p&lt;0.001). The HR for pneumococcal sepsis was 3.9 (95% CI = 2.2 to 7.0, p&lt;0.001). In this comparison, children with coeliac disease were also at an increased risk of sepsis (HR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.2 to 2.7, p = 0.003). <h3>Conclusion:</h3> This study showed a modestly increased risk of sepsis in patients with coeliac disease with the highest risk for pneumococcal sepsis. This risk increase was limited to those with coeliac disease diagnosed in adulthood. Potential explanations include hyposplenism, increased mucosal permeability and an altered composition of the intestinal glycocalyx in individuals with coeliac disease.