tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Health economics: implications for novel antirheumatic therapies
Authors: A Kavanaugh
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2005)

This paper discusses the pharmacoeconomics issues relating to the use of the newer therapies for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), namely the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors.of recent studies have provided some evidence regarding the cost effectiveness of these agents. However, as the use of TNF inhibitors evolves--including their use in other systemic inflammatory diseases--this will be influenced by several factors including treatment of patients with early RA, longer term treatment, problems related to toxicity, quality of life, productivity, and market forces. Thus, pharmacoeconomic considerations are likely to remain a central factor in the use of novel therapies in rheumatology, and awareness about these will aid clinicians to select the most favourable therapies for their patients with arthritis.
Lifestyle contributes most to distribution of cancer, report says
Authors: Adrian O'Dowd
Journal: BMJ (2005)

More than 17 400 deaths a year in the United Kingdom from cancer could be prevented if all areas of the country matched those with the lowest mortality, says a new cancer atlas published this week.

Lifestyle rather than where people live contributes most to the national variation in incidence of cancer, the atlas produced by the Office for National Statistics shows, but a north-south divide exists for some cancers.

The comprehensive picture of rates of the 21 most common cancers between 1991 and 2000 across the UK as well as Ireland confirms that areas with high levels of socioeconomic deprivation tend to be the places with the highest cancer incidence and mortality.

The atlas shows a strong link …
Gap Junction–Mediated Import of MicroRNA from Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Can Elicit Cell Cycle Quiescence in Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Philip K. Lim, Sarah A. Bliss, Shyam A. Patel, Marcelo Taborga, Meneka A. Dave, Larissa A. Gregory, Steven J. Greco, Margarette Bryan, Prem S. Patel, Pranela Rameshwar
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Bone marrow (BM) metastasis of breast cancer (BC) can recur even decades after initial diagnosis and treatment, implying the long-term survival of disseminated cancer cells in a dormant state. Here we investigated the role of microRNAs (miRNA) transmitted from BM stroma to BC cells via gap junctions and exosomes in tumor cell quiescence. MDA-MB-231 and T47D BC cells arrest in G(0) phase of the cell cycle when cocultured with BM stroma. Analyses of miRNA expression profiles identified numerous miRNAs implicated in cell proliferation including miR-127, -197, -222, and -223 targeting CXCL12. Subsequently, we showed that these CXCL12-specific miRNAs are transported from BM stroma to BC cells via gap junctions, leading to reduced CXCL12 levels and decreased proliferation. Stroma-derived exosomes containing miRNAs also contributed to BC cell quiescence, although to a lesser degree than miRNAs transmitted via gap junctions. This study shows that the transfer of miRNAs from BM stroma to BC cells might play a role in the dormancy of BM metastases.
VASCULAR COMPLICATIONS OF TRANSFEMORAL AORTIC VALVE IMPLANTATION WITH THE EDWARDS-SAPIEN™ PROSTHESIS
Authors: Jorge Salgado-Fernandez, Nicolas Vazquez-Gonzalez, Oscar Prada-Delgado, Rodrigo Estevez-Loureiro, Ramon Calviño-Santos, Pablo Piñon-Esteban, Jose Joaquin Cuenca-Castillo, Maria Jose Martinez-Sapiña Llanas, Francisco Jose Pombo-Felipe, Antonio Toral-Perez, Alfonso Castro-Beiras
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
The intrinsic cost of cognitive control
Authors: Wouter Kool, Matthew Botvinick
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2013)

Abstract Kurzban and colleagues carry forward an important contemporary movement in cognitive control research, tending away from resource-based models and toward a framework focusing on motivation or value. However, their specific proposal, centering on opportunity costs, appears problematic. We favor a simpler view, according to which the exertion of cognitive control carries intrinsic subjective costs.
Analyzing the brain
Authors: Peter Gouras
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2000)

Neural organization describes an approach to analyzing neural function in anatomically defined subsystems in the brain, the hippocampus, cerebellum, sensory systems, thalamus, basal ganglia, and cerebral cortex, combining information on neurocircuitry with mathematical models that link structure with function. It is an up-to-date source on the major schemes and background for neural modeling of the central nervous system and is combined with a Web site that includes tutorials and on-line modeling possibilities.
Disinfectant use as a risk factor for atopic sensitization and symptoms consistent with asthma: an epidemiological study
Authors: L. Preller, G. Doekes, D. Heederik, R. Vermeulen, P.F.J. Vogelzang, J.S.M. Boleij
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1996)

Exposure to some nonallergenic compounds has been shown to increase the risk of atopic sensitization and asthmatic symptoms. In order to gain more insight into the largely unknown aetiology of respiratory symptoms in pig farmers, we studied the role of nonallergic exposure. We evaluated associations between chronic respiratory symptoms, specific and total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels, use of disinfectants, and endotoxin exposure levels in a population of 194 Dutch pig farmers. Atopic sensitization (defined as increased production of IgE to common allergens) was found to occur more frequently in farmers who used disinfectants containing quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) (odds ratio (OR) 7.4; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.3-43.1). ORs for other disinfectants ranged 2.3-4.1 (NS). Atopic sensitization was not found to occur more frequently in farmers with a high endotoxin exposure. The use of disinfectants was only related to respiratory symptoms consistent with asthma in atopics. This is illustrated by the significantly elevated ORs for farmers with IgE to common allergens (house dust mite, grass pollen, birch pollen), and who used disinfectants containing QACs, in the total population and in a subgroup of the total population restricted according to bronchial hyperresponsiveness to histamine (symptomatics with a provocation dose of histamine producing a > or = 10% decrease in forced expiratory volume in one second (PC10) < or = 16 mg.mL-1, compared with asymptomatics with a PC10 > 16 mg.mL-1) (OR 4.4, 95% CI 1.3-14.6; and OR 8.2, 95% CI 1.6-42.6, respectively). Atopy and use of QACs and endotoxin exposure level taken individually were not associated with respiratory symptoms. A combination of atopic sensitization and high endotoxin exposure (> 101 ng.m-3) was strongly associated with respiratory symptoms in the restricted population (OR 6.1; 95% CI 1.0-36.2). Our results suggest that occupational exposure to nonallergenic agents (disinfectants) may induce immunoglobulin E sensitization to common aeroallergens, and that the combination of atopy and exposure to nonallergenic agents (disinfectants and endotoxin) is an important risk factor for development of symptoms consistent with asthma.
Psychological impact of acne on 21st-century adolescents: decoding for better care
Authors: O. Revol, N. Milliez, D. Gerard
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2015)

The psychological consequences of acne have been the subject of many studies. As a particularly visible skin disorder, acne complicates the daily lives of adolescents who are undergoing multiple transformations: physical, intellectual and emotional. While it is well established that acne can be responsible for depression and low self-esteem, it is likely that this impact is aggravated by the sociological evolution of adolescents in the 21st century. Understanding the codes of adolescents today (who can be characterized as being more concerned by their appearance than previous generations at the same age) allows us to optimize our medical approach to acne and facilitates treatment compliance and adherence.
Markers of airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness in patients with well-controlled asthma
Authors: J.D. Leuppi, C.M. Salome, C.R. Jenkins, H. Koskela, J.D. Brannan, S.D. Anderson, M. Andersson, H.K. Chan, A.J. Woolcock
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2001)

In steroid-naïve asthmatics, airway hyperresponsiveness correlates with noninvasive markers of airway inflammation. Whether this is also true in steroid-treated asthmatics, is unknown. In 31 stable asthmatics (mean age 45.4 yrs, range 22–69; 17 females) taking a median dose of 1,000 µg inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) per day (range 100–3,600 µg·day −1 ), airway responsiveness to the “direct” agent histamine and to the “indirect” agent mannitol, lung function (forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV 1 ), forced vital capacity (FVC), peak expiratory flow (PEF)), exhaled nitric oxide (eNO), and number of inflammatory cells in induced sputum as a percentage of total cell count were measured. Of the 31 subjects, 16 were hyperresponsive to mannitol and 11 to histamine. The dose-response ratio (DRR: % fall in FEV 1 /cumulative dose) to both challenge tests was correlated (r=0.59, p=0.0004). However, DRR for histamine and DRR for mannitol were not related to basic lung function, eNO, per cent sputum eosinophils and ICS dose. In addition, NO was not related to basic lung function and per cent sputum eosinophils. In clinically well-controlled asthmatics taking inhaled corticosteroids, there is no relationship between markers of airway inflammation (such as exhaled nitric oxide and sputum eosinophils) and airway responsiveness to either direct (histamine) or indirect (mannitol) challenge. Airway hyperresponsiveness in clinically well-controlled asthmatics appears to be independent of eosinophilic airway inflammation.
Role of dietary, adipose, and endogenously synthesized fatty acids in the pathogenesis of the alcoholic fatty liver.
Authors: C S Lieber, N Spritz, L M DeCarli
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1966)

The fatty liver associated with alcoholism has been shown to be due not only to nutritional de- ficiencies (2) but also to direct effects of ethanol itself (3, 4).The origin of the fatty acids ac- cumulating in the liver, however, remains the subject of much debate (4-7).Administration of a single large dose of ethanol to rats was found to result in the deposition in the liver of fatty acids similar in composition to adipose tissue, leading to the concept that increased peripheral fat mobilization is responsible for the alcoholic fatty liver (8).On the other hand, studies of the effect of ethanol on free fatty acid (FFA) con- centrations (9, 10), arteriovenous differences across extremities (9), and FFA turnover (11) have indicated either no effect or even a de- crease in peripheral fat mobilization.To resolve these differences, we undertook the present study in which direct comparison was made of the fatty acid compositions of liver and adipose tissue lipids after acute or prolonged ethanol intake with low- fat or fat-containing diets.It was confirmed that, in rats, the administration of a single large dose of *
Utility of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in patients with tuberculous intrathoracic lymphadenopathy: a multicentre study
Authors: N. Navani, P. L. Molyneaux, R. A. Breen, D. W. Connell, A. Jepson, M. Nankivell, J. M. Brown, S. Morris-Jones, B. Ng, M. Wickremasinghe, A. Lalvani, R. C. Rintoul, G. Santis, O. M. Kon, S. M. Janes
Journal: Thorax (2011)

Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) has emerged as an important tool for the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer but its role in the diagnosis of tuberculous intrathoracic lymphadenopathy has not been established. The aim of this study was to describe the diagnostic utility of EBUS-TBNA in patients with intrathoracic lymphadenopathy due to tuberculosis (TB).
American Cancer Society Guidelines for Breast Screening with MRI as an Adjunct to Mammography
Authors: D. Saslow, C. Boetes, W. Burke, S. Harms, M. O. Leach, C. D. Lehman, E. Morris, E. Pisano, M. Schnall, S. Sener, R. A. Smith, E. Warner, M. Yaffe, K. S. Andrews, C. A. Russell
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (2007)

CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians publishes information about the prevention, early detection, and treatment of cancer, as well as nutrition, palliative care, survivorship, and additional topics of interest related to cancer care.
A Neoadjuvant/Adjuvant Randomized Trial of Colorectal Cancer Patients Vaccinated with an Anti-Idiotypic Antibody, 105AD7, Mimicking CD55
Authors: Gustav J. Ullenhag, Ian Spendlove, Nicholas F.S. Watson, Adrian A. Indar, Mukul Dube, Richard A. Robins, Charles Maxwell-Armstrong, John H. Scholefield, Lindy G. Durrant
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Purpose: To assess the tolerability and effectiveness of 105AD7 vaccination in colorectal cancer patients. 105AD7 is a human anti-idiotypic antibody mimicking CD55, a glycoprotein, which is more than expressed on colorectal cancer cells and protects them from attack by complement. Experimental Design: Colorectal cancer patients (n = 67) eligible for primary surgery were randomized to receive the anti-idiotypic antibody 105AD7±Bacillus Calmette-Guerin/alum or to no treatment (control group). The immunizations were given i.d./i.m. before surgery and continued for a period of 2 years. The patients were monitored in enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT; γ-IFN), proliferation assay, and Luminex cytokine assays. Results: No serious adverse events were recorded. Of the 32 investigated immunized patients, 14 (44%) were considered to be responders in the ELISPOT assay. Induced proliferative responses were noted in 17 of 40 (43%) monitored patients. There was no correlation between the ELISPOT and proliferation assays. Luminex analyses revealed tumor necrosis factor-α and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor responses not only to the vaccine but also toward the native antigen CD55 in 9 of 13 (69%) patients. Conclusions: Immune responses to vaccination were induced in a majority of monitored patients measured by ELISPOT and proliferation assay. The lack of correlation between the ELISPOT and proliferation assays may reflect the fact that the two methods measure different T-cell responses and highlights the importance of multiple readouts in evaluating a potential cancer vaccine. Responses to both the anti-idiotype and the CD55 antigen were measurable, adding support to the use of CD55 as a target in cancer treatment.
Periarteritis nodosa presenting as a breast lesion: report of a case and review of the literature
Authors: R.M. Trueb, E.P. Scheidegger, M. Pericin, A. Singh, U. Hoffmann, G. Sauvant, G. Burg
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

Journal Article Periarteritis nodosa presenting as a breast lesion: report of a case and review of the literature Get access R.M. Trüeb, R.M. Trüeb Departments of Dermatology and Dr R.M.Trüeb. E‐mail: ramitru@derm.unizh.ch Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E.P. Scheidegger, E.P. Scheidegger Departments of Dermatology and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Pericin, M. Pericin Departments of Dermatology and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Singh, A. Singh Internal Medicine, Division of Angiology, University Hospital of Zürich, Gloriastrasse 31, CH‐8091 Zürich, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar U. Hoffmann, U. Hoffmann Internal Medicine, Division of Angiology, University Hospital of Zürich, Gloriastrasse 31, CH‐8091 Zürich, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Sauvant, G. Sauvant Internal Medicine, Division of Angiology, University Hospital of Zürich, Gloriastrasse 31, CH‐8091 Zürich, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Burg G. Burg Departments of Dermatology and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 141, Issue 6, 1 December 1999, Pages 1117–1121, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1999.03216.x Published: 01 December 1999
Fever and right upper quadrant pain in a 24-year-old male
Authors: V T F Cheung, D Joshi, Z Amin, G J Webster
Journal: Gut (2014)

A 24-year-old male presented with a 4-week history of right upper quadrant pain, lethargy, pyrexia, night sweats, anorexia and weight loss. Past medical history included Coeliac disease (compliant with a gluten free diet) and liver cysts. On examination the patient had a temperature of 38.2°C and tender hepato-splenomegaly. Blood tests showed bilirubin 16 μmol/L (normal range 10–20 μmol/L), ALT 28 IU/L (normal range 10–50 IU/L), ALP 274 IU/L (normal range 40–129 IU/L), albumin 48 g/L (normal range 34–50 g/L), GGT 205 (normal range 10–71 IU/L), INR 1.05 (normal range 0.9–1.1), WCC 14 (normal range 3–10 × 109) and CRP 199 mg/L (normal range …
Screening for and Management of Obesity in Adults: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement
Authors: Virginia A. Moyer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

Description: Update of the 2003 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation statement on screening for obesity and overweight in adults. Methods: The USPSTF reviewed new evidence on the benefits and harms of screening and primary care–feasible or referable nonsurgical weight-loss interventions. Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends screening all adults for obesity. Clinicians should offer or refer patients with a body mass index of 30 kg/m2 or higher to intensive, multicomponent behavioral interventions (B recommendation).
Breast Self-Examination in Relation to the Occurrence of Advanced Breast Cancer
Authors: P. A. Newcomb, N. S. Weiss, B. E. Storer, D. Scholes, B. E. Young, L. F. Voigt
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Two hundred nine female enrollees of the Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound who developed advanced-stage breast cancer during the period 1982-1988 were interviewed about their practice of breast self-examination (BSE), use of other breast cancer screening modalities, and medical and reproductive histories. Each subject's description of how she performed the examination was scored according to her mention of up to 10 recommended BSE techniques. A random sample of 433 women without advanced-stage breast cancer from the same population was interviewed for comparison. Relative to women not practicing BSE, the risk of advanced-stage breast cancer among BSE users was 1.15 (95% confidence interval, 0.73-1.81). Frequency of BSE did not differ between women with advanced-stage breast cancer and control subjects, whether in all subjects or in subgroups defined by age, use of mammography, or frequency of clinical breast examinations. While self-described proficiency in BSE was generally low in both case and control subjects, the small percentage of women reporting more thorough self-examinations, regardless of frequency, had about a 35% decrease in the occurrence of advanced-stage breast cancer compared to women who did not perform BSE. These results suggest that, while carefully performed BSE may avoid the development of some advanced-stage breast cancers, BSE as practiced by most Seattle-area women is of little or no benefit.
Real-time PCR assay based on the differential expression of microRNAs and protein-coding genes for molecular classification of formalin-fixed paraffin embedded medulloblastomas
Authors: Ratika Kunder, Rakesh Jalali, Epari Sridhar, Aliasgar Moiyadi, Naina Goel, Atul Goel, Tejpal Gupta, Rahul Krishnatry, Sadhana Kannan, Purna Kurkure, Chandrashekhar Deopujari, Prakash Shetty, Naresh Biyani, Andrey Korshunov, Stefan M. Pfister, Paul A. Northcott, Neelam Vishwanath Shirsat
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2013)

Medulloblastoma has recently been found to consist of 4 molecularly and clinically distinct subgroups: WNT, Sonce hedgehog (SHH), Group 3, and Group 4. Deregulated microRNA expression is known to contribute to pathogenesis and has been shown to have diagnostic and prognostic potential in the classification of various cancers. Molecular subgrouping and microRNA expression analysis of 44 frozen and 59 formalin-fixed paraffin embedded medulloblastomas from an Indian cohort were carried out by real-time RT-PCR assay. The differential expression of 9 microRNAs in the 4 molecular subgroups was validated in a set of 101 medulloblastomas. The tumors in the WNT subgroup showed significant (P < .0001) overexpression of miR-193a-3p, miR-224, miR-148a, miR-23b, and miR-365. Reliable classification of medulloblastomas into the 4 molecular subgroups was obtained using a set of 12 protein-coding genes and 9 microRNAs as markers in a real-time RT-PCR assay with an accuracy of 97% as judged by the Prediction Analysis of Microarrays. Age at diagnosis, histology, gender-related incidence, and the relative survival rates of the 4 molecular subgroups in the present Indian cohort were found to be similar to those reported for medulloblastomas from the American and European subcontinent. Non-WNT, non–SHH medulloblastomas underexpressing miR-592 or overexpressing miR-182 were found to have significantly inferior survival rates, indicating utility of these miRNAs as markers for risk stratification. The microRNA based real-time PCR assay is rapid, simple, inexpensive, and useful for molecular classification and risk stratification of medulloblastomas, in particular formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissues, wherein the expression profile of protein-coding genes is often less reliable due to RNA fragmentation.
Two cases of cutaneous umbilical endosalpingiosis
Authors: G.K. Perera, K.M. Watson, J. Salisbury, A.W.P. Du Vivier
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Journal Article Two cases of cutaneous umbilical endosalpingiosis Get access G.K. Perera, G.K. Perera Departments of Dermatology and Histopathology, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, Camberwell, London SE5 9RS, U.K G.K.Perera. E‐mail: gayathriperera@aol.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K.M. Watson, K.M. Watson Departments of Dermatology and Histopathology, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, Camberwell, London SE5 9RS, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Salisbury, J. Salisbury Departments of Dermatology and Histopathology, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, Camberwell, London SE5 9RS, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.W.P. Du Vivier A.W.P. Du Vivier Departments of Dermatology and Histopathology, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, Camberwell, London SE5 9RS, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 151, Issue 4, 1 October 2004, Pages 924–925, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2004.06138.x Published: 01 October 2004 Article history Accepted: 01 March 2004 Published: 01 October 2004
Highly aggressive leiomyosarcoma associated with Lynch II syndrome: increasing the range of extracolonic cancers related with hereditarynon-polyposis colonic cancer
Authors: V. Medina Arana, Y. Barrios del Pino, C. García-Castro, J.J. González-Aguilera, A. Fernández-Peralta, F. González Hermoso
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2002)