tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Renal Artery Stenosis—Reply
Authors: Peter W. de Leeuw, Cornelis T. Postma, Abraham A. Kroon
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Assessment of clinical response to ivacaftor with lung clearance index in cystic fibrosis patients with a G551D- CFTR mutation and preserved spirometry: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Jane Davies, Helen Sheridan, Nicholas Bell, Steve Cunningham, Stephanie D Davis, J Stuart Elborn, Carlos E Milla, Timothy D Starner, Daniel J Weiner, Po-Shun Lee, Felix Ratjen
Journal: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2013)
Informed Consent and the Implications for Statutory Rape Reporting in Research With Adolescents
Authors: Stacy Hodgkinson, Amy Lewin, Bora Chang, Lee Beers, Tomas Silber
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2014)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size FUNDINGThis commentary was supported by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1 TR000075). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
PWE-029 Objective assessment of physical activity as a measure of functional recovery and quality of life following oesophago-gastric cancer resection
Authors: R J E Skipworth, P Hendry, S Paterson-Brown, K C Fearon
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Functional recovery following surgery is determined by the interaction between pre-operative performance, post-operative catabolism, nutritional status, and mood. Physical activity (PA) is an important domain of health-related quality-of-life (HRQL), and may be a useful objective index of recovery. We aimed to use an accelerometer-based activity metre (ActivPAL) to monitor post-operative PA in oesophago-gastric (OG) cancer patients undergoing surgery with curative intent. <h3>Methods</h3> PA measures, including step count, time spent in various body positions, and energy expenditure of activity, were assessed over 7-day periods in patients undergoing oesophagectomy or gastrectomy (n=16). Nutritional status, HRQL (FAACT, FACIT-F and EORTC-QLQC30 questionnaires), and mood (HADS questionnaire) were also assessed. Time-points were pre-operatively and 1–2 weeks, 5–6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months post-operatively. <h3>Results</h3> Compared with pre-operative results, PA measures were decreased by 23–89% (p&lt;0.05) 1–2 weeks post-operatively, and were still decreased by 15–57% (p&lt;0.05) 5–6 weeks post-operatively. At 3 months, all PA measures except time spent upright (p=0.009) and time spent standing (p=0.013) had recovered. Measures of PA correlated positively with physical and functional domains of HRQL, including EORTC-QLQ30 Global Health Status, FAACT Trial Outcome Index (TOI) and FACIT-TOI (p&lt;0.001), and inversely with HADS-Depression (p&lt;0.001). <h3>Conclusion</h3> There is marked impairment of PA at the time of hospital discharge and a gradual recovery over 3–6 months. This carries significant implications in a disease where surgical patients may survive &lt;2 years. PA measures are suitable outcomes for evaluating the impact of enhanced recovery programmes on functional recovery and HRQL. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
A therapeutic conundrum: recurrent cystic-fibrosis-related haemoptysis complicated by acute pulmonary embolism: Figure 1
Authors: William G Flight, Rowland J Bright-Thomas, Stephen Butterfield, Andrew M Jones, A Kevin Webb
Journal: Thorax (2012)

The authors present the case of an older patient with cystic fibrosis (CF) and recurrent haemoptysis complicated by acute pulmonary embolism. The patient was treated successfully with a combination of anticoagulation and bronchial artery embolisation. The management of CF-related haemoptysis, the impact of an ageing CF population and the incidence of thromboembolic disease in CF are discussed.
Dietary fish oil stimulates hepatic low density lipoprotein transport in the rat.
Authors: M A Ventura, L A Woollett, D K Spady
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

These studies were undertaken to examine the effect of fish oil, safflower oil, and hydrogenated coconut oil on the major processes that determine the concentration of low density lipoprotein (LDL) in plasma, i.e., the rate of LDL production and the rates of receptor-dependent and receptor-independent LDL uptake in the various organs of the body. When fed at the 20% level, fish oil reduced plasma LDL-cholesterol levels by 38% primarily by increasing LDL receptor activity in the liver. Dietary safflower oil also increased hepatic LDL receptor activity; however, since the rate of LDL production also increased, plasma LDL-cholesterol levels remained essentially unchanged. Hydrogenated coconut oil had no effect on LDL receptor activity but increased the rate of LDL-cholesterol production causing plasma LDL-cholesterol levels to increase 46%. Dietary fish oil had no effect on the receptor-dependent transport of asialofetuin by the liver, suggesting that the effect of fish oil on hepatic LDL receptor activity was specific and not due to a generalized alteration in the physical properties of hepatic membranes. Finally, dietary fish oil increased hepatic cholesteryl ester levels and suppressed hepatic cholesterol synthesis rates, suggesting that the up-regulation of hepatic LDL receptor activity in these animals was not simply a response to diminished cholesterol availability in the liver.
Coupling between p210bcr-abl and Shc and Grb2 adaptor proteins in hematopoietic cells permits growth factor receptor-independent link to ras activation pathway.
Authors: T Tauchi, H S Boswell, D Leibowitz, H E Broxmeyer
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1994)

Enforced expression of p210bcr-abl transforms interleukin 3 (IL-3)-dependent hematopoietic cell lines to growth factor-independent proliferation. It has been demonstrated that nonreceptor tyrosine kinase oncogenes may couple to the p21ras pathway to exert their transforming effect. In particular, p210bcr-abl was recently found to effect p21ras activation in hematopoietic cells. In this context, experiments were performed to evaluate a protein signaling pathway by which p210bcr-abl might regulate p21ras. It was asked whether Shc p46/p52, a protein containing a src-homology region 2 (SH2) domain, and known to function upstream from p21ras, might form specific complexes with p210bcr-abl and thus, possibly alter p21ras activity by coupling to the guanine nucleotide exchange factor (Sos/CDC25) through the Grb2 protein-Sos complex. This latter complex has been previously demonstrated to occur ubiquitously. We found that p210bcr-abl formed a specific complex with Shc and with Grb2 in three different murine cell lines transfected with a p210bcr-abl expression vector. There appeared to be a higher order complex containing Shc, Grb2, and bcr-abl proteins. In contrast to p210bcr-abl transformed cells, in which there was constitutive tight association between Grb2 and Shc, binding between Grb2 and Shc was Steel factor (SLF)-dependent in a SLF-responsive, nontransformed parental cell line. The SLF-dependent association between Grb2 and Shc in nontransformed cells involved formation of a complex of Grb2 with c-kit receptor after SLF treatment. Thus, p210bcr-abl appears to function in a hematopoietic p21ras activation pathway to allow growth factor-independent coupling between Grb2, which exists in a complex with the guanine nucleotide exchange factor (Sos), and p21ras. Shc may not be required for Grb2-c-kit interaction, because it fails to bind strongly to c-kit.
A Rapid, High-Quality, Cost-Effective, Comprehensive and Expandable Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing Assay for Inherited Heart Diseases
Authors: Kitchener D. Wilson, Peidong Shen, Eula Fung, Ioannis Karakikes, Angela Zhang, Kolsoum InanlooRahatloo, Justin Odegaard, Karim Sallam, Ronald W. Davis, George K. Lui, Euan A. Ashley, Curt Scharfe, Joseph C. Wu
Journal: Circulation Research (2015)

Thousands of mutations across >50 genes have been implicated in inherited cardiomyopathies. However, options for sequencing this rapidly evolving gene set are limited because many sequencing services and off-the-shelf kits suffer from slow turnaround, inefficient capture of genomic DNA, and high cost. Furthermore, customization of these assays to cover emerging targets that suit individual needs is often expensive and time consuming.We sought to develop a custom high throughput, clinical-grade next-generation sequencing assay for detecting cardiac disease gene mutations with improved accuracy, flexibility, turnaround, and cost.We used double-stranded probes (complementary long padlock probes), an inexpensive and customizable capture technology, to efficiently capture and amplify the entire coding region and flanking intronic and regulatory sequences of 88 genes and 40 microRNAs associated with inherited cardiomyopathies, congenital heart disease, and cardiac development. Multiplexing 11 samples per sequencing run resulted in a mean base pair coverage of 420, of which 97% had >20× coverage and >99% were concordant with known heterozygous single nucleotide polymorphisms. The assay correctly detected germline variants in 24 individuals and revealed several polymorphic regions in miR-499. Total run time was 3 days at an approximate cost of $100 per sample.Accurate, high-throughput detection of mutations across numerous cardiac genes is achievable with complementary long padlock probe technology. Moreover, this format allows facile insertion of additional probes as more cardiomyopathy and congenital heart disease genes are discovered, giving researchers a powerful new tool for DNA mutation detection and discovery.
Neutrophil activation by the tissue factor/Factor VIIa/PAR2 axis mediates fetal death in a mouse model of antiphospholipid syndrome
Authors: Patricia Redecha, Claus-Werner Franzke, Wolfram Ruf, Nigel Mackman, Guillermina Girardi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2008)

Women with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), a condition characterized by the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL), often suffer pregnancy-related complications, including miscarriage. We have previously shown that C5a induction of tissue factor (TF) expression in neutrophils contributes to respiratory burst, trophoblast injury, and pregnancy loss in mice treated with aPL. Here we analyzed how TF contributes to neutrophil activation and trophoblast injury in this model. Neutrophils from aPL-treated mice expressed protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2), and stimulation of this receptor led to neutrophil activation, trophoblast injury, and fetal death. An antibody specific for human TF that has little impact on coagulation, but potently inhibits TF/Factor VIIa (FVIIa) signaling through PAR2, inhibited aPL-induced neutrophil activation in mice that expressed human TF. Genetic deletion of the TF cytoplasmic domain, which allows interaction between TF and PAR2, reduced aPL-induced neutrophil activation in aPL-treated mice. Par2–/– mice treated with aPL exhibited reduced neutrophil activation and normal pregnancies, which indicates that PAR2 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of aPL-induced fetal injury. We also demonstrated that simvastatin and pravastatin decreased TF and PAR2 expression on neutrophils and prevented pregnancy loss. Our results suggest that TF/FVIIa/PAR2 signaling mediates neutrophil activation and fetal death in APS and that statins may be a good treatment for women with aPL-induced pregnancy complications.
Reproductive outcome after PGD in couples with recurrent miscarriage carrying a structural chromosome abnormality: a systematic review
Authors: M. T. M. Franssen, A. M. Musters, F. van der Veen, S. Repping, N. J. Leschot, P. M. M. Bossuyt, M. Goddijn, J. C. Korevaar
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2011)

BACKGROUNDPreimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) has been stated to improve live birth rates compared with natural conception in couples with recurrent miscarriage (RM) carrying a structural chromosome abnormality. It is unclear to what extent this claim can be substantiated by evidence. A systematic review of the literature was performed on the reproductive outcome of these couples after natural conception or after PGD.
Are young female athletes at risk of amenorrhoea? analysis of body composition, nutritional and endocrine factors
Authors: K Lagowska, J Jeszka
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2011)

Background Specific type and amount of high intensity training in athletes especially beginning before puberty, reduced body weight and lower percentage of fat mass have been put forward as potential factors responsible for female athlete triad. Objective Estimation risk of amenorrhoea in female athletes with menstrual irregularity basis of results of body composition, nutritional and endocrine factors. Patients 58 athletes with menstrual irregularity aged 18.0 ± 2.2 years participated in the study. Design The nutritional status was evaluated based on the analysis of body composition using the bioelectrical impedance analysis method – percentage of adipose tissue (FM), fat free mass. Nutritional value was estimated by dietary records for seven consecutive days. Moreover, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol (E), progesterone (P) and serum leptin levels were measured. Results The first group included athletes from endurance disciplines emergency department (ED) while the other comprised female from weight category (WC) disciplines. Second classification was also used. In the first group athletes with LH/FSH &lt;0.6, diagnosed as a insufficiency of hypothalamus pituitary IH were included, while the other included female with LH/FSH&gt;0.6, diagnosed as a good results (GR). In case of hormones significant differences between groups with different disciplines in level of LH (ED: 4.0 ± 2.5 mlU/ml, WC: 5.6 ± 2.4.mlU/ml, p&lt;0.05) and FSH (ED: 4.8 ± 1.8 mlU/ml, WC: 6.3 ± 1.5 mlU/ml, p&lt;0.05) were found. What is more, IH athletes has significantly lower LH level compared with GR athletes (IH: 2.9 ± 1.0 mlU/ml, GR: 6.0 ± 2.6 mlU/ml, p&lt;0.05). FSH, LH, LH/FSH and leptin levels was positively correlated with energy and most of nutrients intake. Conclusion Diets of athletes with menstrual disorders were not properly balanced. Furthermore, athletes were characterised by low fat mass, low leptin level and inadequate relationship between level of gonadotrophins. Those factors can intensify menstrual disorders and lead to amenorrhoea.
High-Resolution Mapping of Tumor Redox Status by Magnetic Resonance Imaging Using Nitroxides as Redox-Sensitive Contrast Agents
Authors: Ken-ichiro Matsumoto, Fuminori Hyodo, Atsuko Matsumoto, Alan P. Koretsky, Anastasia L. Sowers, James B. Mitchell, Murali C. Krishna
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Purpose: There is considerable research directed toward the identification and development of functional contrast agents for medical imaging that superimpose tissue biochemical/molecular information with anatomical structures. Nitroxide radicals were identified as in vivo radioprotectors. Being paramagnetic, they can provide image contrast in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and electron paramagnetic resonance imaging (EPRI). The present study sought to determine the efficacy of nitroxide radioprotectors as functional image contrast agents. Experimental Design: Nitroxide radioprotectors, which act as contrast agents, were tested by EPRI and MRI to provide tissue redox status information noninvasively. Results: Phantom studies showed that the nitroxide, 3-carbamoyl-PROXYL (3CP), undergoes time-dependent reduction to the corresponding diamagnetic hydroxylamine only in the presence of reducing agents. The reduction rates of 3CP obtained by EPRI and MRI were in agreement suggesting the feasibility of using MRI to monitor nitroxide levels in tissues. The levels of 3CP were examined by EPRI and MRI for differences in reduction between muscle and tumor (squamous cell carcinoma) implanted in the hind leg of C3H mice simultaneously. In vivo experiments showed a T1-dependent image intensity enhancement afforded by 3CP which decreased in a time-dependent manner. Reduction of 3CP was found to be the dominant mechanism of contrast loss. The tumor regions exhibited a faster decay rate of the nitroxide compared to muscle (0.097 min-1 versus 0.067 min-1, respectively). Conclusions: This study shows that MRI can be successfully used to co-register tissue redox status along with anatomic images, thus providing potentially valuable biochemical information from the region of interest.
Mechanical and material properties of the subchondral bone plate from the femoral head of patients with osteoarthritis or osteoporosis
Authors: B. Li, R. M Aspden
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1997)

<h3>OBJECTIVE</h3> To determine the material properties of the subchondral bone plate in patients with osteoarthritis or osteoporosis. <h3>METHODS</h3> Femoral heads were obtained after surgical removal from age and sex matched groups of patients with either osteoporosis (OP), after a fractured neck of femur, or osteoarthritis (OA) and compared with a normal group. The mechanical stiffness, density, and composition of the subchondral bone plate from sites selected to represent areas of heavy, intermittent, and light loading were measured. <h3>RESULTS</h3> Overall, OP bone was the least stiff and dense, followed by OA bone; normal bone was stiffer and more dense (p &lt; 0.05). Though OP bone contained less mineral, the organic and water contents were increased in proportion suggesting no change in the relative amount of organic matrix. OA bone was also hypomineralised (p &lt; 0.05) but had different organic and water fractions suggesting a defect in the matrix. Site variation of most properties was small, though across all the groups the superior region was significantly stiffer than the inferior. <h3>CONCLUSION</h3> This study shows that subchondral bone plate is less stiff than normal in both OP and OA and so cannot, by itself, explain the preserving of the overlying cartilage in OP while aiding its destruction in OA. However, the subchondral bone plate is only one part of the bony structure of the femoral head and changes in the cancellous bone need to be considered. The generalised changes in bone composition found in patients with OA support the hypothesis that the disease could involve the bone in the primary pathogenesis.
Intestinal Bifidobacterium species induce varying cytokine production
Authors: Fang He, Hirotsugu Morita, Hideo Hashimoto, Masataka Hosoda, Jun-Ichi Kurisaki, Arthur C. Ouwehand, Erika Isolauri, Yoshimi Benno, Seppo Salminen
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2002)
Gene Expression Profiles Associated with Inflammation Fibrosis and Cholestasis in Mouse Liver after Griseofulvin
Authors: Timothy W Gant, Petra R Baus, Bruce Clothier, Joan Riley, Reginald Davies, David J Judah, Richard E Edwards, Elisabeth George, Peter Greaves, Andrew G Smith
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2003)

Erythropoietic protoporphyria patients can develop cholestasis, severe hepatic damage, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. We modeled this hepatic pathology in C57BL/6J and BALB/c mice using griseofulvin and analyzed 3,127 genes for alteration of expression in the liver before and during the onset of protoporphyria, cholestasis, inflammation, and hepatic fibrosis. The two mouse strains developed different levels of pathologic damage in response to the griseofulvin. Characteristic gene expression profiles could be associated with griseofulvin-induced gene expression, disruption of lipid metabolism, and the pathologic states of inflammation, early fibrosis, and cholestasis. Additionally, some genes individually indicated an alteration of homeostasis. or pathologic state; for example, fibroblast proliferation was potentially indicated by increased calcyclin (SA100a6) expression. Changes in cytochrome P450 (Cyp) gene expression were particularly pronounced, with increased expression of the Cyp2a, Cyp2b, and Cyp3a families. Decreased Cyp4a10 and Cyp4a14 expression was observed that could be associated with early pathologic change. A potential decrease in bile acid and steroid biosynthesis was indicated by the decreased expression of Cyp7b1 and Hsd3b4, respectively. DNA damage was indicated by induction of GADD45. This study illustrates how transcriptional programs can be associated with different stimuli in the same experiment. The time course of change in the gene expression profile compared with changes in pathology and clinical chemistry shows the potential of this approach for modeling causative, predictive, and adaptive changes in gene expression during pathologic change.