tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Risk Factors for Breast Cancer in Women in Northern Alberta, Canada, as Related to Age at Diagnosis&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: J H Lubin, P E Burns, W J Blot, A W Lees, C May, L E Morris, J F Fraumeni
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

A population-based case-control study involving interviews with 577 female breast cancer patients and 826 controls in northern Alberta. Canada, revealed that some determinants of breast cancer varied according to age. Among women under age 45, risk factors included a younger age at menarche, late age at last birth, high parity, and recent use of oral contraceptives. At older ages risk was related to natural as opposed to surgical menopause, late age at first birth, low parity, late age at natural menopause, and tonsillectomy. At all ages there was an increased risk of breast cancer associated with difficulty in conceiving, benign breast disease, not having breast fed, and a history of breast cancer among mothers or sisters. For some variables the age differences were pronounced; the combination of low parity and late age at first birth was associated with a sevenfold increase in breast cancer risk at risk at ages 55-80 but a slight decrease at ages under 45. The effect of tonsillectomy steadily increased with age and represents a new lead, but certain features of the data suggest that the link to oral contraceptives among among younger women and the inverse relation to breast feeding at all ages may not be causal. Even though design limitations (cases interviewed in a different setting from controls) appeared not to influence conclusions, the results may have been subjected to interview bias and thus should be interpreted cautiously.
Mitochondrial iron chelation ameliorates cigarette smoke–induced bronchitis and emphysema in mice
Authors: Suzanne M Cloonan, Kimberly Glass, Maria E Laucho-Contreras, Abhiram R Bhashyam, Morgan Cervo, Maria A Pabón, Csaba Konrad, Francesca Polverino, Ilias I Siempos, Elizabeth Perez, Kenji Mizumura, Manik C Ghosh, Harikrishnan Parameswaran, Niamh C Williams, Kristen T Rooney, Zhi-Hua Chen, Monica P Goldklang, Guo-Cheng Yuan, Stephen C Moore, Dawn L Demeo, Tracey A Rouault, Jeanine M D'Armiento, Eric A Schon, Giovanni Manfredi, John Quackenbush, Ashfaq Mahmood, Edwin K Silverman, Caroline A Owen, Augustine M K Choi
Journal: Nature Medicine (2016)
Results of a phase I study of inhaled doxorubicin combined with docetaxel and cisplatin for advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: G. A. Otterson, M. A. Villalona-Calero, A. Grainger, W. Hicks, J. Murren, J. Schiller, M. Gerber, J. Ellerton
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

7231 Background: The addition of targeted agents to the treatment of advanced NSCLC has failed to improve results seen with chemotherapy alone. Targeted delivery of agents to the lung through inhalation has shown promise. We have reported the results of a phase I study of inhaled doxorubicin (DOX) in patients with advanced cancers affecting the lungs. 7.5 mg/m2 was the recommended phase II dose, with minimal systemic toxicity. DLT was found in the lungs at higher doses. Using the Oncomyst delivery device we designed a combination trial of DOX, docetaxel (D) and cisplatin (P) administered every three weeks. Patients and Methods: Patients were required to have advanced, previously untreated NSCLC, acceptable organ function, including PFT criteria of ≥50% predicted FVC, FEV1 and DLCO, and resting and exercise oxygen saturation of ≥90% and 85%, respectively. D/P were administered at 75 mg/m2 in standard fashion. We performed a 2-level phase I portion starting at 6.0 mg/m2 of DOX, given prior to D/P, with escalation to 7.5 mg/m2 if this was safe. Results: To date, we have treated 17 patients (40 cycles at level 1, 25 at level 2). 1 patient experienced febrile neutropenia during cycle 1, and had their D reduced by 25%. 1 patient had grade 3 nausea and vomiting after cycle 2 and had 25% reduction of P. One patient (at 6.0 mg/m2) had interstitial infiltrates prior to cycle 2 (unchanged PFTs), but also had tracheal narrowing that led to hypoventilation. This patient was taken off study. An additional 3 patients were treated at this dose level with no further pulmonary problems. To date eight patients have been treated at the 7.5 mg/m2 dose level with ∼20% drop in DLCO occurring in two patients. Overall, 4 patients had PD (after 1–3 cycles) and 2 required thoracic radiation therapy with no undue complications. 4 patients had PR, and 6 patients had SD for up to 6 cycles. 3 patients are not evaluable for tumor response. Several patients have had asymptomatic ≥20% decreases in FVC, FEV1 or DLCO on study or 6–8 weeks following their last treatment with further PFT monitoring. Conclusions: We conclude that it is safe to administer DOX with IV D and P in patients with advanced NSCLC, and the ongoing phase II dose of inhaled doxorubicin is 6 mg/m2. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Zivena
Long-term use of indwelling multipurpose silastic catheters in pediatric cancer patients treated with aggressive chemotherapy.
Authors: M S Cairo, S Spooner, L Sowden, G A Bennetts, B Towne, F Hodder
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1986)

We studied the complications related to the use of 53 multipurpose silastic catheters (MSC) placed in 46 pediatric cancer patients over a 1-year period. We documented the longest duration of catheter placement in the pediatric oncology literature. There were 7,650 Broviac days (range, 9 to 365 days; mean, 163 days) with 255 patient months of catheter use and a mean of 5.5 months per catheter. Of the 53 MSCs, 90% were Broviacs (72% adult size, 18% pediatric size) and 10% Hickman. There were 23 episodes of bacteremias or 0.31 episodes per 100 days of catheter use. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were isolated in 20% of the episodes of bacteremia. Only 34% had an absolute granulocyte count (AGC) (Polymorphonuclear cells [PMN] + band cells) less than 500 in the 23 MSCs with bacteremia. Ten percent were removed: 4% for mechanical problems, 6% for bacteremia unresponsive to appropriate antibiotic therapy. There were no deaths related to bacteremia, embolism, or vascular damage. This study demonstrated that despite the recent use of more aggressive immunosuppressive therapy, the incidence of MSC bacteremias was 43%, similar to earlier National Cancer Institute studies (39%) American Society of Clinical Oncology, (abstract C-219, 1982). Based on these findings, we have currently modified our MSC care and have recently throughout the past 6 months reduced our infectious complication rate by 50%.
Reasons of failure to quit smoking: A cross sectional survey in major cities of Pakistan
Authors: Muhammad Irfan, Ahmed Suleman Haque, Safia Awan, Javaid A. Khan
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Tobacco dependence is a chronic relapsing disease which is potentially treatable. It kills a third to half of its users and most die on average 10-15 years prematurely. Majority of smokers would like to quit but are unable to because variety of reasons.

Aims

To assess factors associated with failure to quit smoking among current smokers / tobacco users in major cities of Pakistan.

Methods

Free health camps supervised by a physician and manned by trained staff were held across major cities of Pakistan. All consenting participants were administered a self-reporting questionnaire and had there exhaled carbon monoxide level measured.

Results

12969 participants were interviewed. 99.3% (12872) were men. Mean age (SD) was 31.4± 10 years (Range 13-85). 66.1 % smoked tobacco where as 12.6% used smokeless tobacco and 20.5% both. Average duration of smoking was 8.8 ± 6.5 years (Range 0.25 - 40). Measured exhaled carbon monoxide (ppm) was 12 ± 8 (Range 0 - 215).

12633 (97.4%) participants wanted to quit. 12708 (98%) had received some form of advice to quit. 81.6% had tried smoking cessation pharmacotherapy. Reasons cited for failing to quit were dependence 1965(15.2%), unknown reason 1622 (12.5%), friends / peer pressures 1554 (12%), family related anxiety 771 (5.9%), work related anxiety 681 (5.3%), changes in mood 390 (3%) and weight gain 82 (0.6%)

Conclusion

A vast majority of participants wanted to quit tobacco use regardless of age, gender or years of usage. Nearly everyone had received advice about quitting, and more than three quarter had tried smoking cessation pharmacotherapy. Three commonest reasons cited for failing to quit were dependence, unknown reason and friend/peer pressure.
Molecular profiling of smoking-related non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) phenotypes.
Authors: J. H. Strickler, W. Mostertz, M. Stevenson, J. Crawford, N. Ready, W. Barry, A. Potti
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

7611 Background: Tobacco exposure has a profound influence on the molecular biology of NSCLC. In this study, gene expression arrays were used: 1) to define distinct molecular sub-phenotypes that drive the biology of NSCLC in smokers versus never smokers; and 2) to combine an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway signature with EGFR mutation status to predict response to an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (gefitinib). Methods: Clinically annotated genomic data from 680 patients with stage I-IIIA adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma were analyzed. Signatures representing oncogenic pathway deregulation (β-CAT, E2F1, Myc, Ras, Src, EGFR, and STAT3) and tumor biology (chromosomal instability [CIN], epigenetic stem cell [EPI], invasiveness [IGS], tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α], and wound healing [WH]) were applied to these samples to define sub-phenotypes. Multivariate analyses were then performed to evaluate the clinical relevance of pathway-based prognostic clusters. Finally, in vitro gefitinib inhibitory concentration (IC50) data was obtained for 26 NSCLC cell lines for which corresponding gene expression data was available. The ability of an EGFR pathway signature to predict response to gefitinib was evaluated. Results: WH (p < 0.01), TNF-α (p < 0.01), STAT3 (p < 0.001), and CIN (p < 0.01) pathways were significantly up-regulated in smokers, as compared to the activation of EPI (p < 0.01) and E2F1 (p < 0.05) pathways in never-smokers. Furthermore, using 60-month overall survival as a clinical endpoint, multivariate analyses confirmed the relevance of pathway-based sub-phenotypes (p < 0.001), HR: 1.59 (95% CI: 1.2-2.1). Finally, by combining EGFR mutation status with predicted EGFR pathway activation, sensitivity for predicting response to gefitinib was increased from 38% to 67% without compromising specificity (90% vs. 88%). Conclusions: Gene expression data demonstrates unique patterns of oncogenic pathway activation in never smokers versus smokers, and can further stratify patients into high and low risk cohorts. The combination of established molecular markers with gene expression data may enhance the therapeutic index of targeted therapies. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Safety and Efficacy of Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization (Tace) in Unresectable Biliary Cancer
Authors: A. Galiano, F. Daniel, G. Ramondo, M. Polacco, F. Battaglin, A. Roma, E. Pizzirani, F. Bergamo, G. Crivellari, E. Gringeri, S. Lonardi, U. Cillo, V. Zagonel, C. Aliberti
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Concomitant cisplatin-docetaxel chemotherapy with 3-D conformal radiotherapy followed by adjuvant cisplatin-docetaxel chemotherapy in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer: Toxicity and tolerability
Authors: Y. Bolukbasi, D. Yalman, G. Cok, T. Goksel, R. Uslu, S. Ozkok
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

7600 Background: To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of concomitant cisplatin-docetaxel chemotherapy (CT) with 3-D conformal radiotherapy (RT) and adjuvant cisplatin-docetaxel CT in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Twenty-two CT and RT-naïve patients with a Karnofsky Performance Status ≥ 80% were included in this study. Patients received weekly cisplatin (20 mg/m2) + docetaxel (20 mg/m2) concomitant with RT and 4 cycles of adjuvant cisplatin (75 mg/m2) + docetaxel (75 mg/m2)/q 4 weeks. Median total dose of RT, without elective nodal irradiation, was 70 Gy (range: 66–76 Gy) with 2 Gy daily fractions. Results: Twenty-one patients were male and the median age was 55 (range: 43–71). Histologically 12 were NSCLC, 8 were squamous cell carcinoma, 1 was adenocarcinoma, and 1 was large cell carcinoma. Four patients had stage IIIA and 18 had stage IIIB disease. Median cycles of concomitant CT was 6 (range:4–7). Carboplatin was given instead of cisplatin to one patient due to renal toxicity. Amifostine was administered to 12 (54.5%) patients. After radiochemotherapy grade 3 thrombocytopenia was seen in one patient, grade 3 esophagitis in 3 patients and grade 3 radiation pneumonitis in 3 patients. Adjuvant CT was not administered to four patients- two due to the development of brain metastases during the first month after radiochemotherapy, one due to patient refusal and one due to grade 3 radiation pneumonitis. Two patients had died because of infection after 2 cycles of adjuvant CT. Sixteen patients completed the whole therapy. Only one patient had grade 3 neutropenia. Response to whole therapy was as follows: complete response 31.8% (7/22), partial response 36.4% (8/22), stable disease 4.5% (1/22). Median follow-up duration was 14 months (range: 6- 27). Local recurrence was detected in 6 patients and distant metastasis 6 patients. Eight patients had died. One year overall survival rate was 81.8%. Conclusions: Concomitant cisplatin-docetaxel CT with 3-D conformal RT followed by adjuvant cisplatin-docetaxel was found to be tolerable and feasible in locally advanced NSCLC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Lymphoid-Restricted Development From Multipotent Candidate Murine Stem Cells: Distinct and Complimentary Functions of the c-kit and flt3-Ligands
Authors: Ole Johan Borge, Jörgen Adolfsson, Annica Mårtensson, Inga-Lill Mårtensson, and Sten E.W. Jacobsen
Journal: Blood (1999)
The price of success.
Authors: S M Grunberg, H Burris, R Livingston
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1995)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1995.13.3.797 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 7884441 The price of success. S M GrunbergxS M GrunbergSearch for articles by this author , H Burris 3rdxH Burris 3rdSearch for articles by this author , R LivingstonxR LivingstonSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1995.13.3.797 PDF "The price of success.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 13(3), pp. 797–798© 1995 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Abstract 18628: Effects of Renal Sympathetic Denervation in Resistant Hypertension on Myocardial Structure, Function and Perfusion: A Serial CMR Study
Authors: Ramesh G Chokka, Sinny Delacroix, Shweta Sahay, Adam J Nelson, Joanne Nimmo, Dennis T Wong, Adil Rajwani, Angelo Carbone, Kerry Williams, Elizabeth O Lau, Cary Hata, Peter Chen, Karen S Teo, Stephen G Worthley
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Single arm studies have demonstrated that renal denervation results in a significant reduction in blood pressure in patients with resistant hypertension. Echocardiographic studies have also shown improvements in simple cardiac indices associated with this procedure. However, the potential benefits on myocardial perfusion have never been assessed. This trial studied the effects of renal sympathetic denervation on myocardial structure, function and perfusion using CMR.

Methods: A total of 15 patients with treatment resistant hypertension were recruited for renal sympathetic denervation in this study. Myocardial perfusion was assessed with adenosine stress first pass perfusion imaging, performed at baseline and at six months and analysed using Qmass software v7.2. CMR indices included, LVESVi, LVEDVi, LVEF, LVSV, Left Atrial Volume Index (LAVi’s), and T1 mapping.

Results: Renal denervation resulted in a significant reduction of mean office blood pressures from 183/101 ± 19/14 mmHg to 142/83 ± 22/18 mmHg 6 months after procedure (p < 0.05). Myocardial perfusion reserve index improved from 2.2 ± 1 units at baseline to 2.9 ± 1 units 6 months following renal denervation. There was a decrease in LVESVi from baseline to six months post procedure (25 ± 13 ml/m2 vs 21 ± 9 ml/m2) p=0.03 LVEDVi also decreased, but non-significantly, from 78 ± 18 ml/m2 to 73 ± 17 ml/m2 (p=0.07). Likewise, there was a 10% decline in LAVi from 49 ± 12ml/m2 to 44 ±12 ml/m2 at 6 months (p=0.03). These changes were accompanied by significant improvement in LVEF from 68 ± 10 % to 72 ± 9 % (p=0.01). T1 mapping failed to detect fibrosis in these patients at baseline and therefore there was no change in this parameter during this period.

Conclusion: This study demonstrates that renal sympathetic denervation improves myocardial perfusion as assessed by CMR. Furthermore, there are associated improvements in cardiac volumes and function.
Lumiliximab with fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab (FCR) for patients with relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
Authors: S. O’Brien, J. C. Byrd, T. J. Kipps, A. Forero-Torres, I. W. Flinn, D. I. Wynne, A. Molina
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

6597 Background: Lumiliximab, an anti-CD23 monoclonal antibody, had pharmacologic activity and an outstanding safety profile in a recently completed phase 1, single-agent study. Based on evidence of clinical activity, favorable safety profile, and preclinical data suggesting synergy with both fludarabine and rituximab, we initiated a combination study of lumiliximab with FCR in previously treated patients. Methods: Patients ≥18 years of age with relapsed CD23 + B-cell CLL were eligible for this open-label, dose-escalation, phase 1/2 study. Sample size was planned for ≤37 patients. Patients received either 375 mg/m 2 or 500 mg/m 2 of lumiliximab in combination with each 28-day cycle of FCR for 6 cycles. Primary objectives were to determine the safety profile, recommended phase 2 dose, and clinical activity of lumiliximab with FCR. Results: Accrual began in June 2004; 30 of the 31 patients were enrolled by December 2005; data are available for 28 patients. No dose-limiting toxicity was noted in the phase 1 component (375 mg/m 2 dose, n=3, and 500 mg/m 2 dose, n=6) and 500 mg/m 2 was chosen for the phase 2 dose. All enrolled patients had progressive, symptomatic CLL as defined by NCI criteria, median 2 prior treatments (range, 1 to 9), median age 58, 64% males, 96% WHO performance status of ≤1. Seventeen patients experienced CTC Grade 3 or 4 adverse events (hematologic toxicity typically associated with FCR). Sixteen patients completed ≥3 cycles of treatment and were evaluated for response using NCI-WG criteria: 7 (44%) patients with confirmed complete responses (CRs); 1 with unconfirmed CR (pending marrow confirmation), 3 with partial responses (PRs), 4 with PRs awaiting confirmation, and 1 with disease progression. Twelve patients are not yet evaluable for response. Conclusions: Lumiliximab in combination with FCR is well tolerated and may enhance the activity of FCR for treatment of patients with progressive CLL after prior therapy. [Table: see text]
Reduced therapy for Wilms' tumor: analysis of treatment results from a single institution.
Authors: J A Wilimas, E C Douglass, S Lewis, D Fairclough, G Fullen, D Parham, A P Kumar, H O Hustu, I Fleming
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1988)

From 1968 to 1986, 192 patients from 0 to 17 years of age were enrolled in three consecutive protocol-controlled studies of Wilms' tumor at St Jude Children's Research Hospital. Tumors were completely excised at the time of diagnosis whenever possible, and patients were subsequently treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy according to the initial extent of disease. All patients received dactinomycin and vincristine, with doxorubicin added to the regimens in studies 2 and 3. Chemotherapy was extended to 18 months in study 2 (n = 53), but was limited to 12 months for most patients in study 3 (n = 107). In the third study, radiation was eliminated altogether for patients with stage I or II tumors and was reduced to 12 Gy for those with more advanced disease. Intensification of chemotherapy in study 2 improved the 5-year relapse-free survival rate over that in study 1 (82% v 52%), but the accompanying increase in toxicity was considered unacceptable. Comparison of 2-year relapse-free survival rates in studies 2 and 3 indicated that the reduction of therapy in the latter trial did not jeopardize disease control: 88% v 86% for patients with stage II or III disease, favorable histology; 75% v 57% for the same stages, unfavorable histology; and 57% v 61% for stage IV patients. At least 80% of all patients enrolled in study 3 will be long-term survivors. We conclude that rescheduling of effective antitumor drugs and eliminating or reducing radiotherapy are feasible alternatives in the treatment of Wilms' tumor with favorable histologic features.
Near-tetraploid acute myeloid leukemias: An EGIL retrospective study of 29 cases
Authors: P. Lemez, M.-C. Bene, L. Campos, G. Castoldi, A. Derolf, R. Garand, T. Haas, T. Haferlach
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

6686 Background: Acute myeloid leukemias (AML) with near-tetraploidy (NT: 80–104 chromosomes, without aberrant near-diploid metaphases) were described in about 35 patients. The aim of the study was to collect laboratory and clinical data of patients with these rare types of AML. Methods: We describe 29 cases with NT-AML collected by the EGIL in a retrospective multicenter study from 8 European countries diagnosed between 1984 and 2003. Results: Three NT-AML cases were misdiagnosed as lymphoblastic malignancies. Imunophenotyping and liquid cultures of blasts with a phorbol TPA was essential for diagnosis in 13 and 2 cases, respectively. Twenty-three cases with M0-M5 AML (12 M0, 3 M1, 2 M2, 2 M4, 3 M5, 1 NOS), 19–83 (median 64) years old, exhibited erythroid and/or megakaryocytic (EM) dysplasia, CD34+ and other similarities and may represent a category of multi-lineage NT-AML M0-M5. Multi-lineage involvement was also found in 3 M6 and 1 M7 cases. Ten females, 36–83 (median 70.5) years old, were significantly older (p=0.031) than 17 males, 19–83 (median 59) years old. In 10 cases older than 60 years we diagnosed a secondary NT-AML that developed after chemo-and/or radiotherapy or after 2–7 months of a myelodysplasia. Complete remission (CR) was reached in 6 of 9 cases with M0-M5 AML younger than 60 years treated with intensive cytosine arabinoside and an anthracycline based therapy. Their median survival was 25.3 months with 3 cases having been at their 1st continuous CR after autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) for 21–54 months demonstrating the efficacy of this treatment modality. Only 3 of 7 cases older than 60 years with de novo M0-M5 AML reached CR and survived 15–32 months. None of cases with secondary M0-M5 AML reached CR. Their survival was short as that of M6 and M7 cases. Another category may represent a 67-year old patient with AML M0 without EM-dysplasia (single-lineage AML) who survived 80 months after standard dose chemotherapy. Conclusions: Among NT-AML patients the worst prognosis exhibit those with secondary multi-lineage M0-M5, M6, M7; a somewhat better prognosis cases with de novo multi-lineage M0-M5, especially after ASCT at the 1st CR. The best prognosis may exhibit patients with single-lineage NT-AML. No significant financial relationships to disclose.