tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PI3K/AKT/mTOR‐dependent stabilization of oncogenic far‐upstream element binding proteins in hepatocellular carcinoma cells
Authors: Jana Samarin, Vibor Laketa, Mona Malz, Stephanie Roessler, Ilan Stein, Elad Horwitz, Stephan Singer, Eleni Dimou, Antonio Cigliano, Michaela Bissinger, Christine Susanne Falk, Xin Chen, Steven Dooley, Eli Pikarsky, Diego Francesco Calvisi, Carsten Schultz, Peter Schirmacher, Kai Breuhahn
Journal: Hepatology (2015)

Transcription factors of the far‐upstream element‐binding protein (FBP) family represent cellular pathway hubs, and their overexpression in liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC]) stimulates tumor cell proliferation and correlates with poor prognosis. Here we determine the mode of oncogenic FBP overexpression in HCC cells. Using perturbation approaches (kinase inhibitors, small interfering RNAs) and a novel system for rapalog‐dependent activation of AKT isoforms, we demonstrate that activity of the phosphatidylinositol‐4,5‐biphosphate 3‐kinase/AKT pathway is involved in the enrichment of nuclear FBP1 and FBP2 in liver cancer cells. In human HCC tissues, phospho‐AKT significantly correlates with nuclear FBP1/2 accumulation and expression of the proliferation marker KI67. Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibition or blockade of its downstream effector eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E activity equally reduced FBP1/2 concentrations. The mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin diminishes FBP enrichment in liver tumors after hydrodynamic gene delivery of AKT plasmids. In addition, the multikinase inhibitor sorafenib significantly reduces FBP levels in HCC cells and in multidrug resistance 2‐deficient mice that develop HCC due to severe inflammation. Both FBP1/2 messenger RNAs are highly stable, with FBP2 being more stable than FBP1. Importantly, inhibition of phosphatidylinositol‐4,5‐biphosphate 3‐kinase/AKT/mTOR signaling significantly diminishes FBP1/2 protein stability in a caspase‐3/‐7‐dependent manner. Conclusion: These data provide insight into a transcription‐independent mechanism of FBP protein enrichment in liver cancer; further studies will have to show whether this previously unknown interaction between phosphatidylinositol‐4,5‐biphosphate 3‐kinase/AKT/mTOR pathway activity and caspase‐mediated FBP stabilization allows the establishment of interventional strategies in FBP‐positive HCCs. (H epatology 2016;63:813–826)
Suicide, affective disorder, and women physicians
Authors: G A Carlson, D C Miller
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1981)

Recent publications have noted a rate of suicide for women physicians considerably higher than that for women in the general population. The authors comment on some of the methodologic problems involved in this research and discuss the interaction between affective disorder and suicide as but a partial explanation of the higher risk of suicide among women physicians. The authors conclude that a number of risk factors are involved both in the relatively high lethality rate of some groups of professional women and in the relatively low lethality rate of women in general.
Comparison and analysis of the prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection by region in the Republic of Korea during 2005-2012
Authors: Hae-Sook Shon, Hwa Young Choi, Jang Rak Kim, So Yeon Ryu, Youn-Jae Lee, Myeong Jin Lee, Hyun Ju Min, Jun Lee, Yeong Jun Song, Moran Ki
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2015)

This study compared the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the Republic of Korea and estimated the high-risk regions and towns.National Health Insurance Service data for 8 years from 2005 to 2012 were used. The subjects of the study had visited medical facilities and been diagnosed with or received treatment for acute or chronic HCV as a primary or secondary disease according to ICD-10 codes of B17.1 or B18.2, respectively. Any patient who received treatment for the same disease multiple times during 1 year was counted as one patient in that year. To correct for the effect of the age structure of the population by year and region, the age-adjusted prevalence was calculated using the direct method based on the registered population in 2010.The overall prevalence of HCV infection among Korean adults (>20 years old) increased from 0.14% in 2005 to 0.18% in 2012. The sex-, age-, and region-adjusted prevalence in 2012 was 0.18%. The prevalence was highest in Busan, Jeonnam, and Gyeongnam, and there were towns with noticeably higher prevalences within these regions: Jindo (0.97%) in Jeonnam, Namhae (0.90%) in Gyeongnam, and Seo-gu (0.86%) in Busan.The prevalence of HCV infection differs by regions as well as towns in the Republic of Korea, and is highest in Busan, Jeonnam, and Gyeongnam. The reasons for the high prevalence in these specific regions should be identified, since this could help prevent HCV infections in the future. In addition, active surveillance and treatment policies should be introduced to stop any further spread of infection in these high-prevalence regions.
Evidence that Dry January changes behaviour for good
Authors: Jackie Ballard
Journal: BMJ (2016)

The aim of Alcohol Concern’s Dry January campaign over the past four years has been to start a new conversation about alcohol, to get people thinking and talking about their drinking, and ultimately to inspire behaviour change.1 An estimated two million people took up the challenge in 2015.2

This challenge is not a detox or for those with dependency issues—it’s aimed at the huge number of people who are steadily drinking a bit too …
Role for Tyrosine Phosphorylation and Lyn Tyrosine Kinase in Fas Receptor-Mediated Apoptosis in Eosinophils
Authors: Hans-Uwe Simon, Shida Yousefi, Birgit Dibbert, Holger Hebestreit, Martina Weber, Donald R. Branch, Kurt Blaser, Francesca Levi-Schaffer, Gary P. Anderson
Journal: Blood (1998)
Aspirin for Cancer Prevention
Authors: Eduardo Vilar, Karen Colbert Maresso, Ernest T. Hawk
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition: Tumor Specificity of Cellular and Serum-Blocking Reactions in Human Melanoma, Breast Cancer, and Colorectal Cancer&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: W J Halliday, T A Koppi, J M Khan, N C Davis
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

Blood samples were obtained from hosptial patients suspected of having cancer (colorectal carcinoma, breast carcinoma, or melanoma) or from patients after surgical treatment for these cancers. Leukocytes were tested for reactivity with appropriate tumor extracts by leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI), without knowledge of the diagnosis. Leukocytes from each patient were tested with the specific related extract corresponding to the suspected tumor type and with at least one unrelated extract. Each patient's serum was tested for its effect on the adherence of autologous leukocytes with specific tumor extract. Detailed leukocyte adherence data are presented for each of the 110 patients. Of the 75 patients eventually diagnosed as having cancer of one of the above types, 67 (89.3%) gave positive specific LAI reactions and only 5 (6.7%) reacted nonspecifically. Of the 35 patients with benign, unrelated, or unidentified disease, 10 (28.6%) gave positive reactions; most of these were patients with benign breast disease reacting with breast tumor extract. Leukocyte reactions with related extracts were almost always blocked by autologous serum (only two exceptions). When tested with allogeneic leukocytes reacting with their corresponding extracts, sera never blocked leukocytes of a different tumor type; in some cases they also failed to block leukocytes of the same tumor type although autologous leukocytes were blocked.
Gfi1 As a Novel Prognostic Marker and Tumor Suppressor In Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Judith Hönes, Lacramioara Botezatu, Amos Zeller, Lars C. Michel, Christian Thiede, Renata Köster, Andre Görgens, Bert A. van der Reijden, Bertram Opalka, Klaus Lennartz, Peter J. M. Valk, Bernd Giebel, Karen Fischer, Basri Adiprasito, Michael Heuser, Bob Löwenberg, Joop H. Jansen, Gerhard Ehninger, Ulrich Dührsen, Cyrus Khandanpour
Journal: Blood (2013)
Metabolic reprogramming in glioblastoma: the influence of cancer metabolism on epigenetics and unanswered questions
Authors: Sameer Agnihotri, Gelareh Zadeh
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

A defining hallmark of glioblastoma is altered tumor metabolism. The metabolic shift towards aerobic glycolysis with reprogramming of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, regardless of oxygen availability, is a phenomenon known as the Warburg effect. In addition to the Warburg effect, glioblastoma tumor cells also utilize the tricarboxylic acid cycle/oxidative phosphorylation in a different capacity than normal tissue. Altered metabolic enzymes and their metabolites are oncogenic and not simply a product of tumor proliferation. Here we highlight the advantages of why tumor cells, including glioblastoma cells, require metabolic reprogramming and how tumor metabolism can converge on tumor epigenetics and unanswered questions in the field.
Canine Thyroid Neoplasms: Epidemiologic Features 2
Authors: Howard M. Hayes, Joseph F. Fraumeni
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

A retrospective study of medical records from twelve veterinary university hospitals-clinics yielded 144 dogs with a confirmed diagnosis of a thyroid neoplasm (25 adenomas and 119 carcinomas). Forty-five of these dogs had additional primary neoplasms. As in man, associated tumors suggested the inherited multiple endocrine adenomatosis, type 1, and a possible syndrome of thyroid and chemoreceptor lesions. Although the female preponderance of human thyroid cancer was not seen in dogs, females showed a much sharper increase in risk with advancing age than did males. Three breeds (beagle, boxer, and golden retriever) had a significantly greater risk for thyroid carcinoma than did all dogs combined, whereas miniature and toy poodles had a low risk. The function of thyroiditis in the origin of thyroid cancer, as suggested by reports of thyroid carcinoma in people with Hashimoto's disease, may be clarified by follow-up studies of beagles which are prone to Hashimoto-type thyroiditis.
Most melanoma patients have few moles, study finds
Authors: Ingrid Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Patients with melanoma tend to have few moles, and these are rarely atypical, research published in JAMA Dermatology has found.1

However, younger patients (aged under 60) with more numerous atypical moles tended to have thicker tumours (≥2.01 mm), which are considered an indicator of poorer prognosis, even if they had few moles overall.

Previous studies have associated the number of total …
Abstract 4688: The Impact of Marfan Syndrome on Arterial Stiffness and Endothelial Function: The Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases
Authors: Stella Brilli, Dimitris Tousoulis, Charalambos Antoniades, George Hatzis, Nikos Ioakeimidis, Charalambos Vlachopoulos, Georgia Papazoglou, Nikos Papageorgiou, Elli Stefanadi, Christodoulos Stefanadis
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Marfan syndrome is characterised by high risk of aortic dissections and increased cardiovascular risk. However, the impact of Marfan syndrome on endothelial function and arterial stiffness is unclear, while the role of matrix metalloproteinases is unknown. We examined the impact of Marfan syndrome on the elastic properties of the arterial tree, and vascular endothelial function, and we evaluated the potential role of matrix metalloproteinases in these effects. Methods: The study population consisted of 17 subjects with Marfan syndrome, aged 26.6±2.3 years old, with BMI 20.5±1.03Kg/m2 and 22 healthy individuals matched for gender, age (26.4±0.78 years old, p=NS) and BMI (22.4±0.86 Kg/m2). Arterial stiffness was evaluated by measuring carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), while augmentation pressure and augmentation index (AIx) were also determined, as measures of arterial wave reflections. Endothelial function was evaluated by determining flow mediated dilation (FMD) in the brachial artery while matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) levels were determined by ELISA. Results: Patients with Marfan syndrome had significantly lower pulse pressure in the radial artery (41.0±1.07mmHg) compared to controls (51.3±4.4mmHg). In addition, patients had higher AIx (17.6±2.4%) and augmentation pressure (5.44±0.65mmHg) compared to controls (7.72±3.43% and 2.41±1.14mmHg respectively, p&lt;0.05 for both). However, the difference in PWV between patients and controls did not reach statistical significance (6.33±0.33 vs 5.96±0.23m/s respectively, p=NS). Patients with Marfan syndrome had lower FMD (2.05±1.13%) and higher plasma MMP-9 (827±70ng/ml) compared to controls (6.8±2.3% p&lt;0.05 and 326±50ng/ml, p&lt;0.01). Conclusions: Marfan syndrome is associated with increased MMP-9 levels, as well as with elevated augmentation index and augmentation pressure compared to healthy individuals, matched for age, gender and body mass index. Moreover, flow-mediated dilation is also impaired in these subjects. These findings suggest that Marfan syndrome directly affects the elastic properties and endothelial function of the arterial tree, with matrix metalloproteinases being important mediators in the pathophysiology of this syndrome.
Association of primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma (PMBL) in children (C) and adolescents (A) with a significantly inferior prognosis: Final results of the FAB/LMB 96 trial
Authors: M. Gerrard, I. Waxman, R. Sposto, A. Auperin, L. Harrison, R. Pinkerton, S. L. Perkins, K. McCarthy, M. Raphael, C. Patte, M. S. Cairo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

10001 Background: Single pediatric cooperative group studies have demonstrated an EFS ranging from 65 - 75% in C &amp; A with large cell lymphomas arising in the mediastinum (Lones/Cairo et al, J Clin Oncol, 2000; Burkhardt/Reiter et al, Br J Haematol, 2005; Seidman/Reiter et al, J Clin Oncol, 2003). Recently, Staudt and Shipp have independently demonstrated that following gene expression profiling by oligonucleotide microarray that PMBL resembles more like classical Hodgkin lymphoma than diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with enhanced NF-κB pathway gene expression (Rosenwald et al, J Exp Med, 2003; Abramson et al, Blood, 2005). It remains to be determined what the optimal therapy for C &amp; A with PMBL is and if poor outcome subgroups can be identified. Methods: We analyzed the results of C &amp; A with PMBL treated with group B therapy on FAB/LMB 96 (Patte/Cairo et al, Blood, 2007). Results: There were 528 patients with stage III/IV disease treated on group B therapy on FAB/LMB 96 resulting in a 2 yr EFS of 84% (CI 95 : 82–86%). Forty-two of these patients had PMBL; M/F: 26/16; 10 - 14 vs 15 -19 yrs: 28/14; and LDH &lt; 2 vs ≥ 2 upper normal: 20/22. Response to COP reduction: 1 CR (100%), 33 IR (20–99%) and 7 NR (&lt; 20%). There was no significant difference in EFS with respect to age, gender, COP response and initial LDH. 5 yr EFS and OS were 54% (CI 95 : 38–68%) and 73% (CI 95 : 56–84%), respectively. 5 yr EFS was significantly inferior compared to the remainder of the other patients with stage III disease treated on group B therapy (54%: CI 95 38–68% vs 85%: CI 95 81–88%) (p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: PMBL in C &amp; A is associated with a significantly inferior EFS compared to other histological forms of stage III/IV mature B-NHL. Alternate treatment strategies including consideration of underlying biological differences need to be developed to improve EFS in C &amp; A with this poor-risk sub-group of mature B-NHL. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Daily physical activity is associated with muscle function, health status and fatigue in COPD
Authors: Wytske A. Altenburg, Mathieu H.G. de Greef, Linda Bossenbroek, Bertine M.J. Flokstra-de Blok, Nick H.T. ten Hacken, Johan B. Wempe
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  Daily physical activity (DPA) level is an increasingly important clinical outcome in COPD research and management. In contrast to exercise capacity, the association of DPA with muscle function, health status and fatigue, has not been investigated extensively.   Aim:  To investigate if DPA is associated with muscle function, health status and fatigue in mild to very severe COPD patients.   Methods:  In a cross-sectional analysis we included 84 COPD patients (49 male, GOLD I (n=5), II (n=25), III (n=32), IV (n=22), mean age 59±11 years, FEV 1  46±18% pred) who were entering a pulmonary rehabilitation program. DPA was measured with a pedometer (DigiWalker SW-200), muscle force with a handheld dynamometer and muscle endurance with the chair-stand test and the arm-curl test. Health status was assessed with the Groningen Activity Restriction Scale (GARS), Saint George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) and RAND-36, and fatigue with the Dutch Exertion and Fatigue Scale (DEFS).   Results:  Mean DPA was 3302±2098 steps/day. Significant Spearman9s correlations (p   Conclusion:  Low DPA associates with low muscle force and endurance, low physical functioning and high fatigue in mild to very severe COPD patients. Whether these variables contribute to the development of a low DPA level in COPD patients should be investigated in longitudinal studies.
Performance status, quality of life, and survival in patients with advanced cancer referred to palliative care: A pilot study.
Authors: Stephanie Gilbertson-White, Michelle Weckmann, Heidi Donovan, Paula R Sherwood
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

77 Background: Patients with advanced cancer often need specialized palliative care (PC) for aggressive symptom management as their cancer progresses. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of following patients with advanced cancer referred to PC for symptom management. The aims are to: 1) describe survival status at 12-wks post PC referral, and 2) compare time to PC referral, performance status, and quality-of-life (QOL) at baseline across survival status groups. Methods: Patients (N=20) with advanced cancer newly referred to PC were recruited. Date of cancer diagnosis, date of referral to PC, and survival status were abstracted from the medical record. The number of weeks was calculated from the date of cancer diagnosis to the date of PC referral. Palliative Performance Status (PPS) scale was used to measure performance status. Higher % scores indicate better performance status. SF-36 was used to measure QOL. Higher scores indicate higher perceived QOL. Results: At 12-weeks post PC referral, 6 patients were alive, 8 patients were lost to follow-up, and 6 patients had died. Missed appointments with PC or cessation of cancer treatments were primary reasons patients were lost to follow-up. Patients alive at 12-wks had the best PPS scores at baseline (mean=58%) and the shortest length of time between cancer diagnosis and PC referral (mean=81.5 wks). Patients lost to follow-up had the worst PPS scores at baseline (mean=44%) and the longest time to PC referral (mean=745 wks). No differences were found on the SF-36 subscale scores. Conclusions: Performance status was a strong predictor of survival status at 12-wks post PC referral. Patients with the longest time between diagnosis and PC referral were most likely to be lost to follow-up. All patients with advanced cancer reported significant declines in QOL. Further research is needed to understand how time to PC referral is associated with missed appointments or decisions to stop cancer treatments. Prospective research from the time of diagnosis with advanced cancer through the end-of-life is needed to better understand how PC can help maintain performance status and QOL for as long as possible.
The "relief effect": a sociobiological model for neurotic distress and large-group therapy
Authors: M Galanter
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1978)

The author discusses the new discipline of sociobiology. He develops the hypothesis that relief of neurotic distress may be associated with experiencing social affiliation and presents data that demonstrate a decline in neurotic symptom intensity in individuals who joined a cohesive religious sect. Anthropological and ethological evidence for the adaptive value of this "relief effect" provides a basis for the evolution of this trait. The author proposes a corresponding model for psychotherapy in large groups.
A Case of Asymptomatic Venous Air Embolism Demonstrated on 18F FDG PET/CT
Authors: Danijela Dejanović, Louise Alslev, Elisabeth Abrahamsson, Junia Costa, Annika Loft
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

We present the findings on F FDG PET/CT in connection with iatrogenic venous air embolism. The patient was referred for a posttreatment evaluation PET/CT for peripheral T-cell lymphoma. On the PET images, an intense FDG-uptake was seen in the injected vein. Simultaneous non-contrast-enhanced CT showed air bubbles of various sizes within the affected veins. Because no intravenous contrast was administered, we conclude that the source of venous air embolism was either the insertion of the peripheral intravenous cannula and/or the injection of F FDG, via a power injector, 1 hour before the scan.
P98 Predictors of early hepatic artery thrombosis after primary liver transplantation: a cohort multi-centre study
Authors: M Dawwas, A Gimson
Journal: Gut (2010)

Introduction  Hepatic artery thrombosis (HAT) is one of the most catastrophic complications of liver transplantation. The risk factors for this complication have rarely been assessed in the setting of a large risk-adjusted analysis.  Method  Using the United Kingdom and Ireland Liver Transplant Database, we sought to identify the incidence of and independent risk factors for early (=3 months) HAT among 6297 adult first single-organ liver transplant recipients during the period 1 March 1994–31 March 2006. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression models were fitted to examine the association between early HAT and a wide-range of recipient, donor and graft risk factors.  Results  The incidence of early HAT in this cohort was 3.6%. Multivariable analysis identified the following independent risk factors for early HAT: recipient diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (OR 1.64 95% CI 1.08 to 2.47), primary sclerosing cholangitis (OR 1.86 95% CI 1.24 to 2.81), recipient requirement for preoperative renal support (OR 1.81 95% CI 1.26 to 2.60), use of reduced vs whole graft (OR 2.53 95% CI 1.40 to 4.57), use of multiple vs single HA anastomosis (OR 1.55 95% CI 1.11 to 2.18), lower donor weight (p  Conclusion  Our findings suggest that early HAT is predominantly a technical complication that is independent of recipient, donor and graft characteristics. HAT risk-stratification based on the results of this analysis could help identify patients who may benefit from increased surveillance for this complication and/or institution of appropriate prophylactic antithrombotic therapy.