tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 18746: Variation in Intravenous Inotrope Use for Patients Hospitalized with Heart Failure: Data from Get withthe Guidelines
Authors: Larry A Allen, Gregg C Fonarow, Maria V Grau-Sepulveda, Adrian F Hernandez, Pamela N Peterson, Chohreh Partovian, Paul A Heidenrich, Deepak L Bhatt, Eric D Peterson, Harlan M Krumholz
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Data guiding the use of intravenous inotrope agents for patients hospitalized with heart failure (HF) are sparse. Guidelines crudely recommend inotrope use for highly selected patients with decompensated HF, hypotension, and evidence of end-organ hypoperfusion. Real-world patterns of inotrope use are not well characterized. Methods: We examined inotrope use for patients hospitalized with HF from 2005-2011 and enrolled in the Get With The Guidelines (GWTG-HF) registry. We used hierarchical logistic regression models to estimate risk-standardized hospital-level utilization rates of dobutamine, dopamine and milrinone, adjusting for clinical and demographic factors. Results: Overall, 7,909 of 130,224 (6.1%) of HF patients hospitalized at 240 GWTG participating centers received inotrope administration (dobutamine 44%, dopamine 24%, milrinone 17%, combination 15%). Rates of inotrope use were constant from 2005 to 2011. At the hospital level, risk-standardized institutional rates of inotrope rates use ranged from 0-34% (median 5.1%, 25th-75th percentile 2.0-9.9%, Figure). Hospital region, rural location, size, and academic status were not significantly associated with the use of an inotropic agent. Conclusion: Inotrope use during hospitalization varied markedly across participating hospitals. This degree of institutional variation, even after accounting for measured differences in case mix, suggests use patterns that are based to a greater degree on individual site propensity than by patient factors. The implications of these markedly different patterns of care are worthy of further investigation .
Abstract MP41: Health-related Quality of Life and Risk of Hypertension in the Community: A Prospective Analysis from the Western New York Health Study
Authors: Saverio Stranges, Lisa Rafalson, Richard Donahue
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Health-related Quality of Life and Risk of Hypertension in the Community: A Prospective Analysis from the Western New York Health Study Background: Measures of quality of life and health status are strong predictors of mortality and morbidity outcomes including cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, prospective epidemiological evidence from population-based studies on the potential impact of these measures on hypertension risk is scant. Objective: We sought to examine the independent role of measures of quality of life and health status on the risk of incident hypertension in a community-based sample from Western New York. Methods: A longitudinal analysis, over 6 years of follow-up, among 946 women and men (mean age 54.3 years) from the community, who were free of hypertension, CVD, and diabetes at the baseline examination, in the Western New York Health Study (WNYHS). Baseline variables included socio-demographics, anthropometrics, blood pressure, biomarker data, major behavioural risk factors, and measures of quality of life and health status, such as the physical and mental health component summaries of the short form-36 questionnaire (SF-36). Incident hypertension was defined as blood pressure &gt; or =140/90 or on antihypertensive medication at the follow-up visit. Results: The cumulative six year incidence of hypertension was 22.6% (214/942). In bivariate analyses, there were several baseline correlates of incident hypertension, including age, BMI, and baseline blood pressure levels in both sexes; whereas cigarette smoking, change in BMI, family history of hypertension, and the SF-36 physical score were all significantly associated with hypertension only among women. After multivariate adjustment, cigarette use at baseline (OR: 2.96, 1.35, 6.51), family history of hypertension (OR: 2.59, 1.52-4.42), BMI change since baseline (OR: 1.18, 1.06-1.31), and the SF-36 physical score (OR: 0.97, 0.94-0.99 for a unit change) were the only significant predictors of hypertension independent of age and baseline blood pressure levels in women. Conclusions: Results from this study suggest that measures of health-related quality of life may represent independent predictors of hypertension risk, at least among women, above and beyond the role of traditional risk factors, such as age, smoking, body weight, and familial predisposition.
C-Type Particles in Normal Human Placentas2
Authors: S. S. Kalter, R. J. Helmke, R. L. Heberling, M. Panigel, A. K. Fowler, J. E. Strickland, A. Hellman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

C-type particles were detected in 4 of 6 normal human placentas at the junction of the syncytiotrophoblast and the basement membrane. Budding and mature particles were more readily observed in nonterm placentas. A physiologic function for these particles is suggested.
Imaging and extent of surgical resection predict risk of meningioma recurrence better than WHO histopathological grade
Authors: William L. Hwang, Ariel E. Marciscano, Andrzej Niemierko, Daniel W. Kim, Anat O. Stemmer-Rachamimov, William T. Curry, Fred G. Barker, Robert L. Martuza, Jay S. Loeffler, Kevin S. Oh, Helen A. Shih, Mykol Larvie
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

Risk stratification of meningiomas by histopathological grade alone does not reliably predict which patients will progress/recur after treatment. We sought to determine whether preoperative imaging and clinical characteristics could predict histopathological grade and/or improve prognostication of progression/recurrence (P/R). We retrospectively reviewed preoperative MR and CT imaging features of 144 patients divided into low-grade (2007 WHO grade I; n = 118) and high-grade (2007 WHO grades II/III; n = 26) groups that underwent surgery between 2002 and 2013 (median follow-up of 49 months). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the risk factors most strongly associated with high-grade histopathology were male sex, low apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), absent calcification, and high peritumoral edema. Remarkably, multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis demonstrated that, in combination with extent of resection, ADC outperformed WHO histopathological grade for predicting which patients will suffer P/R after initial treatment. Stratification of patients into 3 risk groups based on non-Simpson grade I resection and low ADC as risk factors correlated with the likelihood of P/R (P < .001). The high-risk group (2 risk factors; n = 39) had a 45% cumulative incidence of P/R, whereas the low-risk group (0 risk factors; n = 31) had no P/R events at 5 years after treatment. Independent of histopathological grade, high-risk patients who received adjuvant radiotherapy had a lower 5-year crude rate of P/R than those without (17% vs 59%; P = .04). Patients with non-Simpson grade I resection and low ADC meningiomas are at significantly increased risk of P/R and may benefit from adjuvant radiotherapy and/or additional surgery.
PTU-250 Predictive factors for incisional hernia at the extraction site after laparoscopic right colectomy for cancer: a large observational study
Authors: S Stefan, A Shamali, D Pares, K Flashman, D O’Leary, J Conti, A Senapati, A Parvaiz, J Khan
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Incisional hernia at the extraction site (ESIH) is one of the common complications after laparoscopic colorectal resection. Information about the risk factors for ESIH could be useful in order to introduce preventive measures. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence and the risk factors for ESIH in a large cohort study. <h3>Method</h3> We reviewed a prospectively collected database from November 2006 to October 2013 including all patients who underwent elective laparoscopic right or extended right colectomy for cancer. Demographics, clinical data, length and site of extraction were included. All of patients have been followed up with a minimum of one year with CT scan. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for ESIH in these patients. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 292 patients were included. During a median follow-up of 42 months (range 12–96), 20 patients (6.8%) developed ESIH. The rate of ESIH was higher in the patients with umbilical midline incision (9.1%) than other sites (3.4%). However this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.062). In the multivariable analysis a BMI &gt; 30 (odds ratio [OR] = 3.76, 95% confidence interval CI 1.39–10.15; p = 0.009) and an incision length more than 5 cm (OR: 2.86, 95% CI: 1.077–7.60; p = 0.035) were significant predicting variables contributing to the risk of developing ESIH. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This study identified several factors that could be useful to introduce preventive measures in high risk patients such as mesh closure, reducing the length of incision by intracorporeal anastomosis and non-umbilical extraction site in high-risk patients. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Incomplete T-Cell Immune Reconstitution in Two Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II–Deficiency/Bare Lymphocyte Syndrome Patients After HLA-Identical Sibling Bone Marrow Transplantation
Authors: Barbara C. Godthelp, Marja C.J.A. van Eggermond, Ad Peijnenburg, Ilhan Tezcan, Stefaan van Lierde, Maarten J.D. van Tol, Jaak M. Vossen, Peter J. van den Elsen
Journal: Blood (1999)
The emerging role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in lung diseases
Authors: Saeed Kolahian, Hasan Halit Öz, Benyuan Zhou, Christoph M. Griessinger, Nikolaus Rieber, Dominik Hartl
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2016)

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are innate immune cells characterised by their potential to control T-cell responses and to dampen inflammation. While the role of MDSCs in cancer has been studied in depth, our understanding of their relevance for infectious and inflammatory disease conditions has just begun to evolve. Recent studies highlight an emerging and complex role for MDSCs in pulmonary diseases. In this review, we discuss the potential contribution of MDSCs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in lung diseases, particularly lung cancer, tuberculosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma and cystic fibrosis.
Increased Incidence of Mammary Tumors in Rats After Direct or Transplacental Exposure to 3-Hydroxyxanthine&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Anderson, Lucy M., Teller, Morris N., Budinger, John M., Brown, George B.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1978)

Rats were exposed directly or transplacentally to the carcinogenic purine N-oxide 3-hydroxyxanthine (3-OH-X). Among female noninbred Wistar rats given 3-OH-X sc, beginning at suckling or weaning ages, there was a significantly greater proportion of mammary tumor bearers and a higher mean number of mammary tumors per rat than among controls. This effect was seen even at low doses producing no other neoplasms such as hepatic carcinomas or fibrosarcomas and fibromas at the site of injection. Noninbred Sprague-Dawley rats, treated transplacentally with 3-OH-X by ip injection into pregnant females, also also had a significantly greater incidence of mammary tumors than did controls.
Pathologic activation of thrombopoietin receptor and JAK2-STAT5 pathway by frameshift mutants of mouse calreticulin
Authors: T Balligand, Y Achouri, C Pecquet, I Chachoua, H Nivarthi, C Marty, W Vainchenker, I Plo, R Kralovics, S N Constantinescu
Journal: Leukemia (2016)
Abstract 125: Cardiac Myosin Binding Protein-C Phosphorylation Is Critical for Normal Diastolic Function
Authors: Carl W Tong, Mohamed I Abdalla, Yang Liu, Himakarnika Alluri, David E Dostal, Patricia A Powers, Richard L Moss
Journal: Circulation Research (2012)

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) accounts for approximately 50% of all cases of heart failure, but there is no effective treatment of this disease. Cardiac myosin binding protein-C (MyBPC3) is a thick filament protein that is thought to slow cross-bridge cycling by inhibiting acto-myosin interaction. When phosphorylated, MyBPC3 releases its inhibition thereby accelerating cross-bridge cycling. Thus, we hypothesize that MyBPC3 phosphorylation enhances heart’s ability to relax (lusitropy). To test this idea, we expressed wild type MyBPC3(tWT), non-phosphorylatable MyBPC3(t3SA), and constitutively phosphorylated mimetic MyBPC3(t3SD) onto MyBPC3(-/-) mouse background. We used echocardiography, voluntary running, and measurements of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) for comparison. MyBPC3(t3SA) and MyBPC3(t3SD) hearts had similar ejection fraction as MyBPC3(tWT) hearts. MyBPC3(t3SA) hearts show depressed diastolic function revealed by slower myocardial tissue Doppler relaxation velocity at the mitral valve annulus (Ea) and an increased mitral blood flow/myocardium relaxation ratio (E/Ea). In contrast, MyBPC3(t3SD) hearts exhibited enhanced lusitropy with increased Ea and smaller E/Ea. Moreover, the findings of shorter 7-day average voluntary running distances, increased lung/body weight ratios, and increased BNP levels indicated heart failure in MyBPC3(t3SA) mice. Conversely, MyBPC3(t3SD) mice did not show signs of heart failure. Since cardiac function in MyBPC3(t3SA) mice resembles HFpEF and MyBPC3(t3SD) mice exhibit enhanced lusitropy, we conclude that phosphorylation of MyBPC3 is crucial for normal diastolic function.
Staying in EU is “no brainer” for UK science, says institute director
Authors: Gareth Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2016)

An eminent UK scientist has argued that there is no credible case for the country’s scientists to support leaving the European Union.

Paul Nurse, director of the Francis Crick Institute and former president of the Royal Society, said that anyone in the UK science and research disciplines who supported the so called “Brexit” was displaying “naivety” and “intellectual laziness.”

Speaking at the Science Media Centre in London on 26 February, Nurse pulled no punches in stating his view that science was crucial to the debate on whether the United Kingdom should remain a member of the EU, ahead of the 23 …
Comparative Benefits and Harms of Antidepressant, Psychological, Complementary, and Exercise Treatments for Major Depression: An Evidence Report for a Clinical Practice Guideline From the American College of Physicians
Authors: Gerald Gartlehner, Bradley N. Gaynes, Halle R. Amick, Gary N. Asher, Laura C. Morgan, Emmanuel Coker-Schwimmer, Catherine Forneris, Erin Boland, Linda J. Lux, Susan Gaylord, Carla Bann, Christiane Barbara Pierl, Kathleen N. Lohr
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Background: Primary care patients and clinicians may prefer options other than second-generation antidepressants for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). The comparative benefits and harms of antidepressants and alternative treatments are unclear. Purpose: To compare the benefits and harms of second-generation antidepressants and psychological, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), and exercise treatments as first- and second-step interventions for adults with acute MDD. Data Sources: English-, German-, and Italian-language studies from multiple electronic databases (January 1990 to September 2015); trial registries and gray-literature databases were used to identify unpublished research. Study Selection: Two investigators independently selected comparative randomized trials of at least 6 weeks' duration on health outcomes of adult outpatients; nonrandomized studies were eligible for harms. Data Extraction: Reviewers abstracted data on study design, participants, interventions, and outcomes; rated the risk of bias; and graded the strength of evidence. A senior reviewer confirmed data and ratings. Data Synthesis: 45 trials met inclusion criteria. On the basis of moderate-strength evidence, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and antidepressants led to similar response rates (relative risk [RR], 0.90 [95% CI, 0.76 to 1.07]) and remission rates (RR, 0.98 [CI, 0.73 to 1.32]). In trials, antidepressants had higher risks for adverse events than most other treatment options; no information from nonrandomized studies was available. The evidence was too limited to make firm conclusions about differences in the benefits and harms of antidepressants compared with other treatment options as first-step therapies for acute MDD. For second-step therapies, different switching and augmentation strategies provided similar symptom relief. Limitation: High dropout rates, dosing inequalities, small sample sizes, and poor assessment of adverse events limit confidence in the evidence. Conclusion: Given their similar efficacy, CBT and antidepressants are both viable choices for initial treatment of MDD. Primary Funding Source: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.
PWE-439 Delivering training in small intestinal capsule endoscopy: report of the inaugural uk regional deanery training day
Authors: R Carr, A Beale, RJ Makins
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Capsule endoscopy (CE) is widely used to image the small intestine. No formal training programme for CE exists in the UK, commercially run courses are available. The BSG CE group is developing formalised accreditation processes through which trainees will pass as part of their standard specialist training in gastroenterology, the level will depend on whether they wish to offer CE as a sub specialist interest. Regionally delivered training provides an opportunity to introduce CE, a valuable rsesource where training opportunities remain otherwise limited. We delivered the first regional training day in CE in January 2014 and describe its format and subsequent feedback. <h3>Method</h3> Health Education South West (Peninsula and Severn Deaneries) run combined specialist training days for gastroenterology trainees. In January 2014, we delivered the first regional training day on CE in the UK. Trainees attended as part of their bi-monthly regional training programme. The teaching was provided by a consultant gastroenterologist with a wide experience in capsule endoscopy, supported by two colleagues. Following an introductory lecture, each trainee had access to an individual laptop loaded with interpretation software. 15 cases were studied throughout the day, demonstrating a wide variety of small intestinal pathology commonly seen with CE. The trainees were asked to give feedback at the end of the day and subsequently asked to complete a follow up online survey regarding their CE experiences during the following year. <h3>Results</h3> 13 trainees attended (52%). Feedback on the day was graded as good/ very good (7/13) to excellent (4/13), 2 non responders. The use of individual laptops was particularly appreciated. 11 subsequently responded to the online survey (92%). All found the day useful. 3/11 (27%) intended to offer CE as a skill for Consultant applications. Prior to the session only 1 attendee had reported any CE, their training was adhoc informal departmental learning. This increased to 3 attendees at 1 year follow up (27%). Of those who had not reported any CE subsequently, 63% cited the reason as lack of the service at their current/ previous placement, whereas 38% had opportunity, but limited training time to do so. Trainee requests for CE after the training day increased by 27%, the majority of requests for iron deficiency anaemia. 56% of trainees felt a regional or national course such as this should be mandatory for all trainees and form part of core competence expected for CCT. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Regionally delivered CE training as part of specialist training programme offers a unique opportunity for CE training in a group environment, until now only available commercially. UK trainess should have access to such training as part of their structured specialist training programme. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Immunohistochemical detection of EGFRvIII and prognostic significance in patients with malignant glioma enrolled in NCCTG clinical trials
Authors: J. C. Buckner, K. D. Aldape, K. Ballman, B. W. Scheithauer, P. C. Burger, C. Giannini, P. L. Schaefer, R. B. Jenkins, C. D. James
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

1508 Background: Egf receptor variant III (vIII) is an aberrant tyrosine kinase that lacks a substantial portion of full length Egf receptor's extracellular domain, and has been suggested as being exclusively expressed in human glioblastoma. Little is known, however, with regard to the prognostic significance vIII expression in glioblastoma. Methods: To assess associations between vIII expression and malignant glioma classification, as well to asses its prognostic significance, tumor tissues were collected from malignant glioma patients enrolled in 10 prospective clinical trials, and these were examined for vIII expression by immunohistochemistry. Of the 168 evaluable specimens, 63 were classified as being of grade III malignancy (56 anaplastic astrocytomas and 7 anaplastic oligoastrocytomas), and 105 as grade IV tumors (glioblastoma multiforme), based on WHO criteria. All patients received radiation therapy and nitrosourea-based adjuvant chemotherapy without any difference in outcome related to treatment. Results: Incidence of vIII expression and associations with malignancy grade are as indicated in the table below. vIII expression was determined as being significantly associated with reduced survival in grade III tumors (0.0016), but not in patients with GBM (0.84). Patient age and performance status were determined as significant prognostic indicators for each group of tumors. Conclusions: Since the average survival of vIII-positive anaplastic glioma patients was only 7.2 months, as compared with 33.0 months for their vIII-negative counterparts, our results support vIII IHC as being a useful test for identifying anaplastic gliomas whose clinical behavior is consistent with that of GBM. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Merck Merck
Carcinogenic Response of Rainbow Trout (&lt;italic&gt;Salmo gairdneri&lt;/italic&gt;) to Aflatoxin Q&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and Synergistic Effect of Cyclopropenoid Fatty Acids&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN4"&gt;4&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: J. D. Hendricks, R. O. Sinnhuber, J. E. Nixon, J. H. Wales, M. S. Masri, D. P. H. Hsieh
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

Aflatoxin Q1 (AFQ1), the major microsomal biotransformation product of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) formed in vitro by monkey and human liver preparations, was fed to rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) in a semipurified diet at levels of 20 ppb for 1 year and 100 ppb for 10 months. As a test for carcinogenicity in hatched fish, it was also used at 1 ppm in a water solution and exposed for 1 hour to fertile trout eggs. The 20-ppb dietary exposure and 1-ppm egg exposure failed to elicit a carcinogenic response; however, the 100-ppb dietary exposure produced a 10.6% incidence of hepatocellular carcinomas at the end of 1 year. Administration of 50 ppm methyl sterculate, a cyclopropenoid fatty acid, in combination with 100 ppb AFQ1 resulted in a synergistic tumor response similar to that previously noted with administration of AFB1 plus aflatoxin M1. The tumor incidence was 89.1% in the fish on the combined diet. These results indicated that AFQ1 was approximately 100 times less carcinogenic than was AFB1. This comparison of carcinogenic potencies was very similar to the comparison of the relative mutagenicities of the two compounds in the Ames bacterial mutagen assay system.