tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Concurrent validity and accuracy of the short-form of international physical activity questionnaire (SF-IPAQ) in a population of Spanish cancer survivors.
Authors: Ana Ruiz-Casado, Lidia Brea, Ana Soria, Maria Jesus Ortega, Hector Cebolla, Carmen Fiuza, Itziar Pagola, Isabel Palomo, Nuria Garatachea, Alejandro Lucia
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e20609 Background: International organizations recommend cancer survivors to engage in 150 minutes of moderate physical activity per week. The American Heart Association established the importance of regularly evaluating physical activity (PA) levels. The evaluation tool can be subjective (questionnaire) or objective (accelerometer, podometer, etc). SF-IPAQ evaluates PA in last seven days and it is one of most used in the world. However the evidence for using SF-IPAQ as an indicator of PA could be weak. No questionnaires have been validated in the Spanish population of cancer survivors. OBJECTIVE: To compare PA and sedentary time from self-administered, short version of the IPAQ with data from accelerometer and with physical fitness data in a sample of Spanish cancer survivors. Methods: 139 cancer survivors (18-65 year old) were randomly selected from the listings of an oncology clinic. Tumors best represented were breast and colon. They wore a triaxial accelerometer Actigraph GT3X (a minimum of 3 working days and 2 week-end days) and answered the SF-IPAQ. VO2maxwas estimated through the one-mile-test. Arm and leg strength were evaluated through dynamometer (kg) and test “sit to stand” (seconds) respectively. Results: IPAQ measures of moderate-vigorous PA (MVPA), vigorous PA (VPA) and sedentary time were only modestly correlated with the accelerometer measures (r = 0.35; r = -0.07; r = 0.29). Cancer survivors reported on average 297 min (5h)/day less sedentary time compared with the accelerometer measurements. They overestimated the MVPA in 7.5 hours per week (118%). SF-IPAQ MVPA and VPA were poorly correlated with physical fitness measured as estimated VO2max (r = 0.09 and 0.14), arm strength (0.03 and -0.02) and leg strength (0.00 and -0.02). 89% were active (according to WHO) based on accelerometer and 86% based on IPAQ (V = 0.28) Conclusions: The correlation between the SF-IPAQ and objective measures of activity (less than the recommended 0.5) or fitness (far below the recommended 0,40) was lower than the acceptable standard. Therefore we propose the use of objective measures instead of PA questionnaires to evaluate physical activity even in the clinical setting.
Correlation of overexpression of ATPase Na+/K+ transporting alpha 1 polypeptide with the diagnosis and clinical staging of esophageal cancer: A translational study.
Authors: I-Chen Wu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

66 Background: This study aims to identify the novel and potential upregulated genes related to secretionary or membranous proteins for the clinical diagnosis and staging of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods: By combining microarray-based screening, which contained at least 25,000 DNA oligonucleotide probes, of esophageal tumors from both N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine- and arecoline-induced F344 rats and 17 human ESCC specimens, we further confirmed the potential candidate genes by tissue arrays in 243 cancer tissues and 126 normal tissues of esophagus from Taiwan, Korea, and USA and by ELISA in 78 serum specimens of ESCC patients from Taiwan. Results: Four candidate genes, including ATP1A1, SPINT2, CMTM8, and AGR2, were chosen due to their up-regulation in more than half of 17 paired tissues from 17 ESCC patients in the microarray-based screening. The four genes were verified by RT-PCR and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining in ESCC tissue specimens and only ATP1A1 (ATPase Na+/K+ transporting alpha 1 polypeptide) expression was consistent and further studied. Among the 243 cancer tissues and 126 normal tissues of esophagus, we found that the positive expressions of ATP1A1 by IHC staining were 207 (85%) of 243 in cancer tissues and 88 (70%) of 126 in normal tissues. After adjusted for age and sex, ATP1A1 overexpression had a 3.2-time (95% CI = 1.8-5.6) to be likely in cancer tissues than in normal tissues. ATP1A1 expression was also correlated to the tumor stage by IHC staining. Using the median level of 1,465.0 pg/mL of serum ATP1A1 protein expression as the cut-off point, we found that patients with stage III-IV had a 2.91-fold (1.12-7.36) likely to have high serum ATP1A1 levels than those with stage I-II after adjusting for age and sex. Conclusions: ATP1A1 overexpression may serve as a potential noninvasive marker of the clinical diagnosis and staging for ESCC patients.
Impact of HIV infection and smoking on lung immunity and related disorders
Authors: Theresa M. Rossouw, Ronald Anderson, Charles Feldman
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2015)

HIV-infected persons not only have higher rates of smoking than the general population, but are also unusually vulnerable to the associated adverse health effects, both infective and noninfective in origin. Indeed, in the setting of well-organised care and availability of highly active antiretroviral therapy, HIV-infected smokers lose more life-years to smoking than to HIV infection per se , presenting a major challenge to healthcare providers. Not surprisingly, the respiratory system is particularly susceptible to the damaging interactive chronic inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects of HIV and smoking, intensifying the risk of the development of opportunistic infections, as well as lung cancer and obstructive lung disorders. The impact of smoking on the immunopathogenesis and frequencies of these respiratory conditions in the setting of HIV infection, as well as on the efficacy of antiretroviral therapy, represent the primary focus of this review.
Phase I study of fenretinide (4-HPR) oral powder in patients with recurrent or resistant neuroblastoma: New Approaches to Neuroblastoma Therapy (NANT) Consortium trial
Authors: A. Marachelian, M. H. Kang, K. Hwang, J. G. Villablanca, S. Groshen, K. K. Matthay, J. Maris, K. B. DeSantes, C. P. Reynolds, B. J. Maurer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

10009 Background: Fenretinide (4-HPR), a cytotoxic retinoid, achieved limited and variable plasma levels when tested in a corn oil-based capsule. 4HPR/Lym-X-Sorb (LXS) oral powder is a new formulation intended to increase bioavailability, especially in children. Methods: This trial sought to define the toxicities, dose limiting toxicities (DLTs), maximum tolerated dose (MTD), and pharmacokinetics of 4-HPR/LXS oral powder when given mixed in Slim-Fast nutritional shakes, twice a day for 7 days, every 21 days. Eligible patients had high-risk neuroblastoma with recurrent/progressive disease, or disease refractory or persistent after frontline therapy. Dose escalation was in 30% increments using the traditional 3 + 3 design. Plasma levels were measured by HPLC. Results: Thirty-two patients accrued to 8 Dose Levels (DL) (352 –2210 mg/m 2 /day); 30 patients were evaluable. No MTD was identified. There was a DLT elevation of alkaline phosphatase on DL1. No other DLT's were observed. Other toxicities included dry skin, elevated triglycerides, reversible nyctalopia, and transient transaminase elevation. Course 1 day 7 peak 4HPR plasma levels (Dose (mg/m2/day) - mean, (range)) were: 352 –6 μM (3.8–9.6); 458–11.5 μM (9.7–14.9); 595–17.6 μM (6–24.3); 774–15 μM (9.1–25.3); 1006–6.7 μM (5.2–9.2); 1308–13.9 μM (2.9–23.8); 1700–19.7 μM (17.3–24.3); and 2210–10.8 μM (4–16.5). Course 2 day 7 peak plasma levels trended higher than course 1 at DL5–8. Three patients with isolated bone marrow disease and one with MIBG avid bone lesions, had complete responses (DL4, DL4, DL7, DL8) receiving 10, 17, 18 and 10 courses of therapy, respectively. Six patients had stable disease for 4–27 courses (median 5.5) (DL3, DL4, DL4, DL5, DL6, DL8). Twenty patients had progressive disease. Central review of responses is pending. Conclusions: 4-HPR/LXS oral powder was well tolerated, obtained 2 - 5 fold higher 4HPR plasma levels than fenretinide capsules on the same dose and schedule (P &lt; 0.01), and showed anti-tumor activity (complete responses in 4/15 patients at DL4–8). Based on pharmacokinetic data, a recommended Phase II dose and schedule is 1700 mg/m 2 /day × 7days every 3 weeks. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 10169: Calcium Deposits in Heart Valves and Aortic Root, Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Subclinical Coronary Atherosclerosis, and the Risk of Future Cardiovascular Events
Authors: Hiroto Utsunomiya, Hideya Yamamoto, Hiroshi Tsushima, Yoji Urabe, Tatsuya Maruhashi, Ken Ishibashi, Naoya Mitsuba, Toshiro Kitagawa, Takayuki Hidaka, Yoshihiro Dohi, Satoshi Kurisu, Yukiko Nakano, Takafumi Ishida, Yasuki Kihara
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Aortic valve and root calcification (AVC, ARC) and mitral annular calcification (MAC) are sought to be a sign of aortosclerosis. However, limited information is currently available on a...
The safety and efficacy of pazopanib prior to planned nephrectomy in metastatic clear cell renal cancer.
Authors: Ekaterini Boleti, Naveed Sarwar, Robert R Jones, Simon Chowdhury, Simon J. Crabb, Jonathan Shamash, John Peters, Grenville Oades, Tim S. O'Brien, Dan Berney, Andrea Rockall, Thomas Powles
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

427 Background: The safety and efficacy of upfront pazopanib, prior to nephrectomy in metastatic clear cell renal cancer (mCRC), has not been prospectively evaluated. The toxicity profile of pazopanib potentially makes it an attractive agent in this setting. Methods: A single arm phase II study (PANTHER 2009-016675-29) evaluated 12–14 weeks of pazopanib prior to planned nephrectomy in untreated patients with metastatic clear cell renal cancer. Patients had MSKCC intermediate and poor risk disease. Pazopanibwas stopped for a minimum of 16 days during nephrectomy. FDG-PET and DCEMRI were performed on a subgroup of patients. The study follows a Simon 2 stage design and we present the results of the initial stage(n=34). Results: Overall 30 (88%) of patients obtained clinical benefit (by RECIST) prior to surgery. The partial response rate of the primary tumor was 21% by RECIST. No patients became inoperable due to local progression of disease. A nephrectomy was performed in 25 (74%) of patients. The reasons for not having surgery were patient choice (n=5) and progression of disease (n=4). Delayed wound healing, a post operative bleed and a post operative death occurred in 1patient each (4%). The median blood loss, hospital stay and surgical time were 350mls, 7 days and 180mins respectively. FDG-PET and DCE MRI responses were reported. Conclusions: This interim analysis suggest nephrectomy after upfront pazopanib can be performed safely in mRCC and obtains control of disease in the majority of patients.
Fire Hazard
Authors: Robert E. Johnstone
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Many over-the-counter lotions and tinctures are fire hazards, as evidenced by a patient I recently saw. A 64-year-old man suffered second-degree burns on his fingers in a home fire. He wrapped the burn sites in gauze soaked in Balsam of Myrrh. On the fifth day postburn, the patient lit a cigarette and the gauze exploded in flames. He sustained burns of his left hand considerably worse than the original injury. Balsam of Myrrh is an antiseptic solution containing 82% alcohol, which is the main combustible ingredient. The drug container warns "Keep away from fire," but this patient did not read the label. A similar incident could occur with many other topical antiseptics and analgesics.
Intrahepatic bile ducts are developed through formation of homogeneous continuous luminal network and its dynamic rearrangement in mice
Authors: Naoki Tanimizu, Kota Kaneko, Tohru Itoh, Norihisa Ichinohe, Masayuki Ishii, Toru Mizuguchi, Koichi Hirata, Atsushi Miyajima, Toshihiro Mitaka
Journal: Hepatology (2016)

The intrahepatic bile duct (IHBD) is a highly organized tubular structure consisting of cholangiocytes, biliary epithelial cells, which drains bile produced by hepatocytes into the duodenum. Although several models have been proposed, it remains unclear how the three‐dimensional (3D) IHBD network develops during liver organogenesis. Using 3D imaging techniques, we demonstrate that the continuous luminal network of IHBDs is established by 1 week after birth. Beyond this stage, the IHBD network consists of large ducts running along portal veins (PVs) and small ductules forming a mesh‐like network around PVs. By analyzing embryonic and neonatal livers, we found that newly differentiated cholangiocytes progressively form a continuous and homogeneous luminal network. Elongation of this continuous network toward the liver periphery was attenuated by a potent Notch‐signaling inhibitor N‐[N‐(3,5‐difluorophenacetyl)‐L‐alanyl]‐S‐phenylglycine t‐butyl ester. Subsequent to this first step, the fine homogenous network is reorganized into the mature hierarchical network consisting of large ducts and small ductules. Between E17 and E18, when the homogenous network is radically reorganized into the mature hierarchical network, bile canaliculi rapidly extend and bile flow into IHBDs may increase. When formation of bile canaliculi was blocked between E16 and E18 by a multidrug resistance protein 2 inhibitor (benzbromarone), the structural rearrangement of IHBDs was significantly suppressed. Conclusion : Establishment of the mature IHBD network consists of two sequential events: (1) formation of the continuous luminal network regulated by the Notch‐signaling pathway and (2) dynamic rearrangement of the homogeneous network into the hierarchical network induced by increased bile flow resulting from the establishment of hepatobiliary connections. (H epatology 2016;64:175–188)
Prognostic risk factors to predict final pathohistology in patients undergoing radical salvage prostatectomy for locally recurrent prostate cancer after radiation therapy
Authors: D. Pfister, C. Ohlmann, D. Sahi, U. Engelmann, A. Heidenreich
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

15544 Background: Radical salvage prostatectomy (sRPE) represents one local secondary treatment option with curative intent in patients failing radiation therapy for localized prostate cancer (PCA). Currently, there are very few studies correlating preoperative clinical and pathohistological variables with final pathohistology of sRPE specimens. It was the purpose of our study to identify prognosticators predicting organ confined and locally advanced PCA. Methods: 45 patients with biopsy-proven locally recurrent PCA underwent sRPE and extended pelvic lymphadenectomy (epLA) via a retropubic approach. Preoperative PSA, PSA doubling time, PSA prior to initial radiation therapy, biopsy Gleason score, number of positive biopsies, cT stage, 11 choline PET/CT findings, type of radiation therapy, neoadjuvant androgen deprivation were correlated with the pathohistological stage by uni- and multivariate analysis. Results: A total of 45 patients underwent sRPE and epLA; 16 (35.5%), 12 (26.6%) and 17 (37.8%) patients had undergone external beam radiation (EBRT), HDR and LDR brachytherapy, resp. The mean preop. serum PSA was 7.8 (2–24) ng/ml; mean biopsy Gleason score was 5.6 (4–9). We did not encounter significant intraoperative compliations, the mean blood loss was 490 (200–950) ml. A mean of 19 (10 - 32) lymph nodes were removed. Pathohistology showed stage pT1–2pN0 in 27 (60%), stage pT3a/b and pTxpN1 PCA in 9 (20%) and 9 (20%) of patients, respectively. Positive surgical margins were identified in 5 (11%) patients. By multivariate analysis the parameters significantly associated with organ confined PCA sRPE are PSADT &gt; 12 months, = 50% positive biopsy cores, biopsy Gleason score = 7 and previous LDR brachytherapy (pT1–2pN0R0 in all men); pre-radiation and preoperative PSA, PET/CT findings had no significant impact with final pTpN-stage. Conclusions: SRPE can be performed with a low morbidity in biopsy proven locally recurrent PCA after radiotherapy. The identified prognostic parameters will help to select patients most suitable for a local secondary surgical approach with curative intent. Especially in patients with local relapse following LDR brachytherapy sRPE represents a valuable treatment option. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Complemenary Therapies in Cancer Patients
Authors: Leonard R. Prosnitz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2001)

Article Tools SPECIAL DEPARTMENTS Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2001.19.2.598 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 11208861 Complemenary Therapies in Cancer Patients Leonard R. ProsnitzxLeonard R. ProsnitzSearch for articles by this author Show More Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2001.19.2.598 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2001 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
The simple repeat poly(dT-dG).poly(dC-dA) common to eukaryotes is absent from eubacteria and archaebacteria and rare in protozoans.
Authors: J Morris, S R Kushner, R Ivarie
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1986)

Genomic DNA from a wide variety of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms has been assayed for the simple repeat sequence poly(dT-dG).poly(dC-dA) by Southern blotting and DNA slot blot hybridizations. Consistent with findings of others, we have found the simple alternating sequence to be present in multiple copies in all organisms in the animal kingdom (e.g., mammals, reptiles, amphibians, fish, crustaceans, insects, jellyfish, nematodes). The TG element was also found in lower eukaryotes (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Neurospora crassa, and Dictyostelium discoideum) and at a much lower frequency in protozoans (Oxytricha fallux and Tetrahymena thermophila). The sequence was also repeated in high copy number in a higher plant (Zea mays) as well as at very high levels in a unicellular green alga (Chlamydomonas reinhardi). Although the copy number of the repeat per haploid genome was generally proportional to genome size, there was a greater-than-1,000-fold variation in the number of (TG)25/100-kb genomic DNA. By contrast, no eu-or archaebacterium--including Myxococcus xanthus, whose life cycle is very similar to that of the slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum, and Halobacter volcanii, whose genome contains other repeated sequences--was found whose genomic DNA contained this sequence in detectable amounts. A computer search also failed to find the TG element in human mitochondrial DNA.
Abstract 18099: Heart Rate and AV Delay Modify Left Ventricular Filling Vortex Properties
Authors: Yolanda Benito, Javier Bermejo, Marta Alhama, Raquel Yotti, Candelas Perez del Villar, Pablo Martinez-Legazpi, Ana Gonzalez-Mansilla, Alicia Barrio, Francisco Fernandez-Aviles, Juan Carlos del Alamo
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background:   Intraventricular flow generates vortex structures during rapid filling which grow during diastole and vanish during ejection. Vorticity has been proposed to increase global chamber efficiency by optimizing filling flow transportation and coupling kinetic energy to ejection. It also improves blood mixing avoiding stasis. Vorticity has been related to chamber geometrical properties, but the effects of electrical events have never been characterized. We have recently developed and validated a new method that allows measuring vortex properties by processing conventional transthoracic color-Doppler sequences.    Methods:   27 patients carrying an implantable CRT device were studied after AV optimization (AVOPT - iterative method), longest AV (AVLONG), shortest AV (AVSHORT), CRT off (CRToff), and DDD AVOPT at 100 beats per minute (100BPM). Two-dimensional B-mode and conventional color-Doppler sequences of the full LV were obtained from an apical long-axis (Lax) view during each phase. Time-resolved maps of the 2D velocity fields were generated at high temporal resolution (> 100 Hz) using custom software by computing the optimal solution to the continuity equation that minimizes numerical errors. Circulation, energy, position, and radius of the main (antero-septal) and secondary (infero-lateral) vortices were estimated along the cardiac cycle.    Results:   Compared to AVOPT, the main vortex component remained closer to the base during 100BPM (difference = -20% of Lax length, p    Conclusions:   Heart rate and AV synchronicity influence vortex dynamics. These novel aspects of diastolic function can be studied by fluid dynamic quantitative analysis of color-Doppler echocardiograms.
Sorafenib or placebo plus TACE with doxorubicin-eluting beads for intermediate stage HCC: The SPACE trial
Authors: Riccardo Lencioni, Josep M. Llovet, Guohong Han, Won Young Tak, Jiamei Yang, Alfredo Guglielmi, Seung Woon Paik, Maria Reig, Do Young Kim, Gar-Yang Chau, Angelo Luca, Luis Ruiz del Arbol, Marie-Aude Leberre, Woody Niu, Kate Nicholson, Gerold Meinhardt, Jordi Bruix
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2016)
Implications of Market Competition, Technology Adoption, and Cost for Surgical Patients
Authors: Joel T. Adler, David C. Chang
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2016)

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