tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
CELLS INVOLVED IN THE IMMUNE RESPONSE
Authors: Nabih I. Abdou, Maxwell Richter
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1969)

Irradiated rabbits given allogeneic bone marrow cells from normal adult donors responded to an injection of sheep red blood cells by forming circulating antibodies. Their spleen cells were also capable of forming many plaques using the hemolysis in gel technique, and were also capable of undergoing blastogenesis and mitosis and of incorporating tritiated thymidine upon exposure to the specific antigen in vitro. However, irradiated rabbits injected with allogeneic bone marrow obtained from rabbits injected with sheep red blood cells 24 hr prior to sacrifice (primed donors) were incapable of mounting an immune response after stimulation with sheep red cells. This loss of reactivity by the bone marrow from primed donors is specific for the antigen injected, since the immune response of the irradiated recipients to a non-cross-reacting antigen, the horse red blood cell, is unimpaired. Treatment of the bone marrow donors with high-titered specific antiserum to sheep red cells for 24 hr prior to sacrifice did not result in any diminished ability of their bone marrow cells to transfer antibody-forming capacity to sheep red blood cells. The significance of these results, with respect to the origin of the antigen-reactive and antibody-forming cells in the rabbit, is discussed.
Sex hormone regulation of in vitro immune response. Estradiol enhances human B cell maturation via inhibition of suppressor T cells in pokeweed mitogen-stimulated cultures.
Authors: T Paavonen, L C Andersson, H Adlercreutz
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1981)

The effects of the main male and female sex hormones, testosterones and estradiol, in pokeweed mitogen (PWM)-stimulated cultures of human blood lymphocytes were studied. We found that the addition of physiological concentrations of estradiol (780-2,600 pmol/liter) to PWM cultures significantly increased the accumulation of immunoglobulin M-containing and -secreting cells detected by immunofluorescence and/or by the reversed protein-A plaque assay. The dose range of estradiol that induced enhanced B cell maturation did not affect the proliferative response. Estradiol displayed the same effect in vitro on lymphocytes from both men and women. Fractionation of lymphocyte subpopulations before culturing revealed that estradiol does not display a direct mitogenic or stimulatory effect of B cells. Instead, estradiol inhibits the suppressive activity of a radio-sensitive (1,000 rad) subset of T lymphocytes bearing Fc-receptors for immunoglobulin G. Nontoxic concentrations fo testosterone did not influence the in vitro B cell maturation. These observations provide a cellular basis for the differences in the immunoreactivities of males and females. The estradiol-induced inhibiton of suppressor T cells might be important for the pathogenesis of various autoimmune disorders.
Delayed-type hypersensitivity to allogeneic cells in mice. III. Sensitivity to cell-surface antigens coded by the major histocompatibility complex and by other genes.
Authors: F I Smith, J F Miller
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1979)

DTH could be induced to cell-surface antigens coded by either H-2 or non-H-2 genes. Sensitivity was more readily induced across I region than across K- or D-region differences. The presence of an I-region difference during sensitization did not significantly increase the DTH response to K- or D-region-coded antigens. Macrophage processing appeared to be the major route of sensitization to background antigens. Thus, high levels of sensitivity were achieved equally well using viable or disrupted cells, the response was independent of the H-2 haplotype of the allogeneic cells, and transfer was restricted to the K end of the host H-2 complex. Although sensitization to H-2 antigens was obtained with disrupted cells, transfer of sensitivity against viable cells was unrestricted. This suggests a minor role for macrophage processing in sensitization to H-2 antigens.
History of Past Sexual Abuse in Married Observant Jewish Women
Authors: Rachel Yehuda, Michelle Friedman, Talli Y Rosenbaum, Ellen Labinsky, James Schmeidler
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2007)

The authors examined instances of past sexual abuse and related demographic characteristics in the self-reports of a select group of married observant Jewish women.Orthodox Jewish married women (N=380) ages 19 to 58 responded to advertisements asking them to complete an anonymous questionnaire about sexual experiences, including sexual abuse.Sexual abuse was reported by 26% of the respondents surveyed, with 16% reporting abuse occurring by the age of 13. More ultra-Orthodox Jews reported abuse than modern-Orthodox Jews. Women who were raised observant reported significantly less childhood sexual abuse than those who became observant later in life. Sexual abuse was associated with increased treatment-seeking for depression, marital counseling, or other emotional or psychological problems.While observant Jewish women live in a culture defined by a high degree of adherence to specific laws of conduct, including rules designed to regulate sexual contact, sexual abuse of various types still exists among them.
Detection of ALK Gene Rearrangement in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Comparison of Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization and Chromogenic In Situ Hybridization with Correlation of ALK Protein Expression
Authors: Hyojin Kim, Seol-Bong Yoo, Ji-Young Choe, Jin Ho Paik, Xianhua Xu, Hiroaki Nitta, Wenjun Zhang, Thomas M. Grogan, Choon-Taek Lee, Sanghoon Jheon, Jin-Haeng Chung
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)
Women in sport
Authors: R Carbon
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2006)

Edited by Barbara L Drinkwater. Published by Blackwell Publishing, Melbourne, Australia, 2000, pp 661. £90.00 (hardcover). ISBN 06320845

As part of the The encyclopaedia of sport series from the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and International Federation of Sports Medicine, this volume was published six years ago. It is perhaps this that makes reviewing such a large tome (650 pages) from a rapidly changing subject difficult; one expects the title “encyclopaedia” to give timeless statements of fact that perhaps as yet are not attainable.

As a case in point, the chapter on gender verification (written very much from the viewpoint of the author) clearly went to press just as the IOC ceased gender testing at the 2000 Games and is now largely historical. What the author cannot have hoped to predict was the inclusion of transsexuals by the very next Games in Athens; it will be interesting when history records the first transsexual Olympic medal.

Rather than …
Adipose Tissue Invariant NKT Cells Protect against Diet-Induced Obesity and Metabolic Disorder through Regulatory Cytokine Production
Authors: Lydia Lynch, Michael Nowak, Bindu Varghese, Justice Clark, Andrew E. Hogan, Vasillis Toxavidis, Steven P. Balk, Donal O’Shea, Cliona O’Farrelly, Mark A. Exley
Journal: Immunity (2012)
PROPERTIES OF THE CAUSATIVE AGENT OF A CHICKEN TUMOR
Authors: James B. Murphy, Ernest Sturm
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1932)

The inhibiting factor present in certain relatively slow-growing strains of Chicken Tumor I and in Chicken Tumor X is adsorbed from extracts of the desiccated tumors by aluminum hydroxide (Willstätter Type C) and can be released in effective quantities from this combination by treatment with basic sodium phosphate.
A screen of the complete protein kinase gene family identifies diverse patterns of somatic mutations in human breast cancer
Authors: Philip Stephens, Sarah Edkins, Helen Davies, Chris Greenman, Charles Cox, Chris Hunter, Graham Bignell, Jon Teague, Raffaella Smith, Claire Stevens, Sarah O'Meara, Adrian Parker, Patrick Tarpey, Tim Avis, Andy Barthorpe, Lisa Brackenbury, Gemma Buck, Adam Butler, Jody Clements, Jennifer Cole, Ed Dicks, Ken Edwards, Simon Forbes, Matthew Gorton, Kristian Gray, Kelly Halliday, Rachel Harrison, Katy Hills, Jonathon Hinton, David Jones, Vivienne Kosmidou, Ross Laman, Richard Lugg, Andrew Menzies, Janet Perry, Robert Petty, Keiran Raine, Rebecca Shepherd, Alexandra Small, Helen Solomon, Yvonne Stephens, Calli Tofts, Jennifer Varian, Anthony Webb, Sofie West, Sara Widaa, Andrew Yates, Francis Brasseur, Colin S Cooper, Adrienne M Flanagan, Anthony Green, Maggie Knowles, Suet Y Leung, Leendert H J Looijenga, Bruce Malkowicz, Marco A Pierotti, Bin Teh, Siu T Yuen, Andrew G Nicholson, Sunil Lakhani, Douglas F Easton, Barbara L Weber, Michael R Stratton, P Andrew Futreal, Richard Wooster
Journal: Nature Genetics (2005)
Thymidylate Synthase Expression in Colon Carcinomas with Microsatellite Instability
Authors: Frank A. Sinicrope, Rafaela L. Rego, Kevin C. Halling, Nathan R. Foster, Daniel J. Sargent, Betsy La Plant, Amy J. French, Carmen J. Allegra, John A. Laurie, Richard M. Goldberg, Thomas E. Witzig, Stephen N. Thibodeau
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Purpose: Colon cancer cells with high-frequency microsatellite instability (MSI-H) display resistance to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) that can be reversed by restoring DNA mismatch repair (MMR) proficiency. Given that thymidylate synthase (TS) is inhibited by 5-FU, we studied the relationship between MSI and TS expression, and the prognostic effect of these and other markers (i.e., p53 and 17p allelic imbalance). Experimental Design: Dukes' stage B2 and C colon carcinomas (n = 320) from participants in 5-FU-based adjuvant therapy trials were analyzed for MSI and 17p allelic imbalance. Expression of MMR (hMLH1, hMSH2), TS, and p53 proteins were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Correlations between markers and associations with overall survival were determined. Results: Of 320 cancers studied, 60 (19%) were MSI-H. TS expression variables were similar in MSI-H and microsatellite stable/low-frequency MSI (MSS/MSI-L) cancers, and unrelated to MMR proteins. MSI-H tumors had lower stage (P = 0.0007), fewer metastatic lymph nodes (P = 0.004), and improved overall survival (P = 0.01). Loss of MMR proteins was also associated with better overall survival (P = 0.006). None of the TS variables were prognostic. Histologic grade (P = 0.0008) and nodal status (P = 0.0002) were associated with overall survival, in contrast to 17p allelic imbalance or p53. Only MSI status or loss of MMR proteins, histologic grade, and tumor stage were independent markers for overall survival. Conclusions: MSI-H tumors show earlier stage at presentation and better stage-adjusted survival rates. MSI status and TS expression were unrelated and TS was not prognostic, suggesting that TS levels cannot explain therapeutic resistance to 5-FU reported in MSI-H colon cancers.
Safety of formoterol in asthma clinical trials
Authors: Malcolm Sears, Finn Radner
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background:  We have previously reported safety data through 2006 from all AstraZeneca-sponsored, randomised, controlled, parallel-group trials with 3-12 months duration with formoterol. Data from 2007-2011 trials have now been added.   Methods:  Risks associated with formoterol relative to non-LABA-treatments (ICS, SABA, placebo), salmeterol treatments, and conventional best practice, were assessed using rate and rate ratios for multiple safety endpoints.   Results:  The 2007-2011 data added 15 trials and 22,509 patients including 17,447 treated with formoterol (all with concomitant ICS), increasing the combined dataset to 79 trials and 94,683 patients, of whom 67,380 received formoterol (94% using ICS). There were no asthma-related deaths in the new trials. In total, there were 8 asthma-related deaths among the formoterol-treated patients (exposure 33,700 years), vs. 2 among the non-LABA treated patients (N=18,740; exposure 9500 years) (RR 1.13; 95% CI: 0.23–10.9).  No increased risk was observed for formoterol vs. non-LABA treatments for all-cause mortality (RR 0.94; 95% CI: 0.52–1.80), cardiac mortality (RR 0.47; 95% CI: 0.19–1.22), or cardiac-related SAEs (RR 0.94; 95% CI: 0.52–1.80). Asthma-related SAEs were significantly reduced for formoterol vs. non-LABA treatment (RR 0.63; 95% CI: 0.53–0.75).  The new trials added a substantial number of black patients to the dataset, but no increased risk for asthma-related SAEs was observed for this subgroup in the combined dataset.   Conclusion:  Use of formoterol in asthma patients, most using ICS, is not associated with any increased risk of asthma- or cardiac-related deaths or SAEs.
European framework to decrease the burden of TB/HIV
Authors: P. de Colombani, N. Banatvala, R. Zaleskis, D. Maher
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2004)

Tuberculosis (TB) in Europe is declining in countries in western and central Europe, but the burden is still high and increasing in eastern Europe. HIV/AIDS is increasing dramatically in eastern Europe. HIV-related tuberculosis (TB/HIV) morbidity and mortality are expected to accelerate significantly in the future. This framework aims to guide European countries in developing their national plan for reducing TB/HIV morbidity and mortality. It results from an extensive consultation process undertaken by the World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe and by those responsible for HIV/AIDS and TB programmes and their partners. It builds on strategies developed globally and in Europe for TB control and for HIV/AIDS prevention and care. This framework sets out the rationale for effective collaboration between HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis national programmes. It identifies five strategic components (political commitment, collaborative prevention, intensified case-finding, coordinated treatment and strengthened surveillance) and eight key operations (central coordination, policy development, surveillance, training, supply management, service delivery, health promotion and research).
Asthmatic Airway Neutrophilia after Allergen Challenge Is Associated with the Glutathione <i>S</i>-Transferase M1 Genotype
Authors: Aimee Hoskins, Sara Reiss, Pingsheng Wu, Ning Chen, Wei Han, Rui-hong Do, Rasul Abdolrasulnia, Ryszard Dworski
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2012)

Asthma is a heterogeneous lung disorder characterized by airway inflammation and airway dysfunction, manifesting as hyperresponsiveness and obstruction. Glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) is a multifunctional phase II enzyme and regulator of stress-activated cellular signaling relevant to asthma pathobiology. A common homozygous deletion polymorphism of the GSTM1 gene eliminates enzyme activity.To determine the effect of GSTM1 on airway inflammation and reactivity in adults with established atopic asthma in vivo.Nineteen GSTM1 wild-type and eighteen GSTM1-null individuals with mild atopic asthma underwent methacholine and inhaled allergen challenges, and endobronchial allergen provocations through a bronchoscope.The influx of inflammatory cells, panels of cytokines and chemokines linked to asthmatic inflammation, F(2)-isoprostanes (markers of oxidative stress), and IgE were measured in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid at baseline and 24 hours after allergen instillation. Individuals with asthma with the GSTM1 wild-type genotype had greater baseline and allergen-provoked airway neutrophilia and concentrations of myeloperoxidase than GSTM1-null patients. In contrast, the eosinophilic inflammation was unaffected by GSTM1. The allergen-stimulated generation of acute-stress and proneutrophilic mediators, tumor necrosis factor-α, CXCL-8, IL-1β, and IL-6, was also greater in the GSTM1 wild-type patients. Moreover, post-allergen airway concentrations of IgE and neutrophil-generated mediators, matrix metalloproteinase-9, B-cell activating factor, transforming growth factor-β1, and elastase were higher in GSTM1 wild-type individuals with asthma. Total airway IgE correlated with B-cell activating factor concentrations. In contrast, levels of F(2)-isoprostane were comparable in both groups. Finally, GSTM1 wild-type individuals with asthma required lower threshold concentrations of allergen to produce bronchoconstriction.The functional GSTM1 genotype promotes neutrophilic airway inflammation in humans with atopic asthma in vivo.
Universal Drug Coverage and Socioeconomic Disparities in Major Diabetes Outcomes
Authors: Gillian L. Booth, Phoebe Bishara, Lorraine L. Lipscombe, Baiju R. Shah, Denice S. Feig, Onil Bhattacharyya, Arlene S. Bierman
Journal: Diabetes Care (2012)

OBJECTIVE Due in large part to effective pharmacotherapy, mortality rates have fallen substantially among those with diabetes; however, trends have been less favorable among those of lower socioeconomic status (SES), leading to a widening gap in mortality between rich and poor. We examined whether income disparities in diabetes-related morbidity or mortality decline after age 65 in a setting where much of health care is publicly funded yet universal drug coverage starts only at age 65. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study using administrative health claims from Ontario, Canada. Adults with diabetes (N = 606,051) were followed from 1 April 2002 to 31 March 2008 for a composite outcome of death, nonfatal acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and nonfatal stroke. SES was based on neighborhood median household income levels from the 2001 Canadian Census. RESULTS SES was a strong predictor of death, nonfatal AMI, or nonfatal stroke among those &amp;lt;65 years of age (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.51 [95% CI 1.45–1.56]) and exerted a lesser effect among those ≥65 years of age (1.12 [1.09–1.14]; P &amp;lt; 0.0001 for interaction), after adjusting for age, sex, baseline cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes duration, comorbidity, and health care utilization. SES gradients were consistent for all groups &amp;lt;65 years of age. Similar findings were noted for 1-year post-AMI mortality (&amp;lt;65 years of age, 1.33 [1.09–1.63]; ≥65 years of age, 1.09 [1.01–1.18]). CONCLUSIONS Observed SES differences in CVD burden diminish substantially after age 65 in our population with diabetes, which may be related to universal access to prescription drugs among seniors.
Health needs assessment: Development and importance of health needs assessment
Authors: J. Wright, R. Williams, J. R Wilkinson
Journal: BMJ (1998)

A 47-year-old man presented with complaints of breakthrough seizures, psychiatric and behavioural changes and catatonic features. MRI of the brain showed mild cerebral and right hippocampal atrophy, while the electroencephalogram showed intermittent right temporal slowing. With a presumed diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis, he was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and methylprednisolone, which significantly improved the symptoms. Serological testing later was positive for antileucine-rich glioma inactivated 1 antibody. Two months after the initial presentation, patient had a relapse of the symptoms without any further episodes of seizures. Repeat MRI of the brain showed a significant rapidly progressive diffuse cortical atrophy and hippocampal atrophy, more prominent on the right side along with hydrocephalus ex vacuo when compared with the initial MRI. He is currently on monthly IVIG therapy. At 4 months follow-up from the second imagining study, the patient had persistent MRI findings.
Helicobacter pylori Seropositivity as a Risk Factor for Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: R. Z. Stolzenberg-Solomon, M. J. Blaser, P. J. Limburg, G. Perez-Perez, P. R. Taylor, J. Virtamo, D. Albanes
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2001)

Background: Pancreatic cancer is among the most fatal cancers worldwide and one for which few preventable risk factors have been established. Gastric carriage of Helicobacter pylori, particularly cytotoxin-associated gene-A-positive (CagA+) strains, is known to be a risk factor for peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer and may have a similar etiologic relationship with pancreatic cancer. Methods: We investigated the association of H. pylori carriage and exocrine pancreatic cancer in a nested case–control study within the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study cohort of 29 133 male Finnish smokers aged 50–69 years at baseline. Case subjects (n = 121) were matched on date of baseline serum collection, study center, age, trial intervention, and completion of the dietary questionnaire to 226 control subjects who were alive at the time the matching case subject was diagnosed and who remained free of cancer, during up to 10 years of follow-up. Levels of immunoglobulin G antibodies to H. pylori whole-cell and CagA+ antigens from stored baseline serum were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Smoking-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by use of conditional logistic regression. Statistical tests were two-sided. Results: Seroprevalence of H. pylori was 82% and 73% among case and control subjects, respectively. Compared with seronegative subjects, those with H. pylori or CagA+ strains were at statistically significantly elevated risk of pancreatic cancer (OR = 1.87 [95% CI = 1.05 to 3.34]; OR = 2.01 [95% CI = 1.09 to 3.70], respectively). Conclusions: Our findings support a possible role for H. pylori carriage in the development of exocrine pancreatic cancer.
Prostate-specific Antigen (PSA) Testing Is Prevalent and Increasing in Stockholm County, Sweden, Despite No Recommendations for PSA Screening: Results from a Population-based Study, 2003–2011
Authors: Tobias Nordström, Markus Aly, Mark S. Clements, Caroline E. Weibull, Jan Adolfsson, Henrik Grönberg
Journal: European Urology (2012)
Inhibition of In Vitro Friend Murine Leukemia Virus Infection of Lipopolysaccharide-Activated B-Cells With Concanavalin A&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Bowen, Debra L., Isaak, Dale D., Cerny, Jan
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

Journal Article Inhibition of In Vitro Friend Murine Leukemia Virus Infection of Lipopolysaccharide-Activated B-Cells With Concanavalin A Get access Debra L. Bowen, Debra L. Bowen 3Harvard Medical School IV, Boston, Mass. 02115. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Dale D. Isaak, Dale D. Isaak 4Department of Microbiology, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave., Boston, Mass. 02115. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jan Cerny Jan Cerny 7 4Department of Microbiology, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave., Boston, Mass. 02115. 7Address reprint requests to Dr. Cerny. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 62, Issue 6, June 1979, Pages 1497–1502, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/62.6.1497 Published: 01 June 1979 Article history Received: 11 July 1978 Accepted: 22 November 1978 Published: 01 June 1979
Task Force 7: Pediatric Cardiology Fellowship Training in Pulmonary Hypertension, Advanced Heart Failure, and Transplantation
Authors: Steven A. Webber, Daphne T. Hsu, D. Dunbar Ivy, Thomas J. Kulik, Elfriede Pahl, David N. Rosenthal, W. Robert Morrow, Jeffrey A. Feinstein
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
RNA-mediated interference and reverse transcription control the persistence of RNA viruses in the insect model Drosophila
Authors: Bertsy Goic, Nicolas Vodovar, Juan A Mondotte, Clément Monot, Lionel Frangeul, Hervé Blanc, Valérie Gausson, Jorge Vera-Otarola, Gael Cristofari, Maria-Carla Saleh
Journal: Nature Immunology (2013)