tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Is it possible to decrease asthma severity by use of antidepressants
Authors: Maria N. Akulova, Svetlana I. Ovcharenko, Emma N. Ishchenko
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Aim:  To evaluate influence of asthma control including antidepressant fluvoxamine on asthma severity.   Methods:  42 patients with uncontrolled asthma were included into the study (23 men, age 25-71 years). 16 patients had hysterical depression, 12 patients - anxious-hysterical disorders and 14 - neurosis. Fluvoxamine 100-300 mg/daily (mean dose 200 mg/daily) was added for 6 weeks to complex asthma therapy (ICS and LABA in therapeutical doses) according to severity of asthma. Asthma control was evaluated twice in accordance with GINA criteria at baseline and after 6 weeks of treatment. Tolerability and safety was evaluated by side effects registration, change in initial asthma symptoms and laboratory data. Severity of depression and level of anxiety was evaluated by means of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HASD).   Results:  We observed significant improvement of spirometry parameters and asthma control after adding of fluvoxamine to complex asthma therapy. In most of the patients asthma was evaluated as controlled (19,1% - 8 patients) and partly controlled (47,6% - 20 patients). In 14 patients (33,3%) asthma was not controlled. These patients had combination of mental disorders. Significantly decreased score of depression (from 13,4 to 2,1) and anxiety (from 13,9 to 2,8) by HASD was also observed.   Conclusions:  Complex asthma therapy including antidepressant (fluvoxamine) improves asthma control and has an evidence of high efficacy.
Activated <i>KRAS</i> Cooperates with MLL-AF4 to Promote Extramedullary Engraftment and Migration of Cord Blood CD34+ HSPC But Is Insufficient to Initiate Leukemia
Authors: Cristina Prieto, Ronald W. Stam, Antonio Agraz-Doblas, Paola Ballerini, Mireia Camos, Julio Castaño, Rolf Marschalek, Aldeheid Bursen, Ignacio Varela, Clara Bueno, Pablo Menendez
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

The MLL-AF4 (MA4) fusion gene is the genetic hallmark of an aggressive infant pro-B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). Our understanding of MA4-mediated transformation is very limited. Whole-genome sequencing studies revealed a silent mutational landscape, which contradicts the aggressive clinical outcome of this hematologic malignancy. Only RAS mutations were recurrently detected in patients and found to be associated with poorer outcome. The absence of MA4-driven B-ALL models further questions whether MA4 acts as a single oncogenic driver or requires cooperating mutations to manifest a malignant phenotype. We explored whether KRAS activation cooperates with MA4 to initiate leukemia in cord blood-derived CD34(+) hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPC). Clonogenic and differentiation/proliferation assays demonstrated that KRAS activation does not cooperate with MA4 to immortalize CD34(+) HSPCs. Intrabone marrow transplantation into immunodeficient mice further showed that MA4 and KRAS(G12V) alone or in combination enhanced hematopoietic repopulation without impairing myeloid-lymphoid differentiation, and that mutated KRAS did not cooperate with MA4 to initiate leukemia. However, KRAS activation enhanced extramedullary hematopoiesis of MA4-expressing cell lines and CD34(+) HSPCs that was associated with leukocytosis and central nervous system infiltration, both hallmarks of infant t(4;11)(+) B-ALL. Transcriptional profiling of MA4-expressing patients supported a cell migration gene signature underlying the mutant KRAS-mediated phenotype. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that KRAS affects the homeostasis of MA4-expressing HSPCs, suggesting that KRAS activation in MA4(+) B-ALL is important for tumor maintenance rather than initiation. Cancer Res; 76(8); 2478-89. ©2016 AACR.
Do Proton Pump Inhibitors Increase the Risk of Dementia?
Authors: Lewis H. Kuller
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Perception of African American men of their likelihood of a cancer diagnosis at the time of prostate biopsy
Authors: W. Dale, J. Hemmerich, F. Ahmad, D. Meltzer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

6503 Background: Men are supposed to have an “informed discussion” before undergoing PCa screening. African Americans (AA) are diagnosed at later stages of prostate cancer (PCa) than their white counterparts. We studied racial differences in self-prediction compared with actual likelihood of positive biopsy. Method: Face-to-face surveys with patients (n = 172), referred after screening positive for possible PCa, were conducted in urology clinics at the time of biopsy. The surveys include socio-demographics, general anxiety (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), disease-specific anxiety (Memorial Anxiety Scale for Prostate Cancer), and self-estimated likelihood of a positive biopsy. Medical records were reviewed for biopsy results. Results: Average age was 63±7.9, AA comprised 39% of the sample, and 56% had at least a college degree. The overall rate of positive biopsy was 55%, with AA being much more likely to have a positive biopsy (70% vs. 44%; p&lt; 0.05). Despite being referred for biopsy for concern about PCa, 37% of the men indicated that they had a 0% likelihood of having prostate cancer (i.e. that it was impossible), and AA were more likely than whites to say this (58% vs. 24%; p &lt; 0.01). In a logistic regression with important covariates, patients’ ratings of their likelihood of PCa diagnosis were not predictive of a positive biopsy, while older age, higher PSA score, and lower self-rated health were. Generalized anxiety was not correlated with estimated likelihood of having PCa, but cancer-specific anxiety was correlated (p = 0.02). Neither was correlated with likelihood of having PCa. Conclusion: AA are more likely to have PCa at biopsy than whites. Both groups dramatically underestimate their statistical likelihood of having PCa at the time of biopsy. More concerning, AA estimates are lower, yet their likelihood is higher. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer
Authors: Hamdy Ali Mohammadien Mahmoud, Rex C. Yung
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the diagnostic yield of the real-time endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) in the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer.

Patients and methods: 134 patients with suspected lung cancer with mediastinal and/or hilar lymph nodes underwent EBUS-TBNA using the convex probe EBUS. All patients with negative EBUS-TBNA subsequently underwent the surgery or mediastinoscopy as a confirmatory test.

Results: One hundred thirty four patients underwent CP-EBUS-TBNA between December 2007 to December 2009. There were 233 mediastinal & hilar lymph nodes biopsied (stations: 2R-3,4R-73, 4L-21, 7-65, 10R-23, 10L-5, 11R-26, 11L-17). EBUS-TBNA revealed metastatic lymph node involvement in 54 of 134 patients (40.3%) and in 56 of 233 biopsies (24%). In 80 patients with negative or uncertain EBUS-TBNA who underwent subsequent surgery, mediastinoscopy, metastatic nodes were diagnosed in four patients (3%) in stations: (4R-2,4L-1 & 7-1). The false-negative results of biopsies were found only in small nodes <1cm. A diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and diagnostic accuracy of EBUS-TBNA was 93.1%, 100%, 100%, 94.5%,and 96.9%, respectively.there was no significant relation between lymph node location and EBUS-TBNA cytology results. No complications of EBUS-TBNA were observed.

Conclusion: EBUS-TBNA is an effective and safe technique for diagnosis & mediastinal staging in patients with lung cancer. In patients with negative results of EBUS-TBNA, surgical exploration of the mediastinum should be performed.
Psychiatrist is charged after 12 patient deaths
Authors: Owen Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2016)

A psychiatrist from Atlanta, Georgia, has been charged with prescribing pain drugs outside the usual course of professional practice after 12 of his patients died from drug overdoses.

Narendra Nagareddy was arrested when more than 40 agents from the Drug Enforcement Administration and other police agencies raided his office.

Clayton County police chief, Mike Register, told WSB-TV …
Antibodies as cytotoxic therapy.
Authors: R O Dillman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1994)

PURPOSE This review was conducted to characterize the results of trials of unconjugated monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of cancer. This survey does not cover antibodies conjugated to drugs, isotopes, or toxins. METHODS An English-language literature search was used to identify reports of trials of unconjugated monoclonal antibodies in patients with cancer. RESULTS Most trials have been pilot or phase I to II in nature. The most encouraging results have been described for various antibodies directed against lymphoma, and for certain monoclonal antibodies that bind to glycolipid antigens on melanoma, sarcoma, and neuroblastoma. Toxicity has not been a major problem with these reagents, but human antimouse antibodies have limited the potential application of murine reagents. CONCLUSION At present, there are no unconjugated monoclonal antibodies that have proven therapeutic benefit in hematologic malignancies or solid tumors. The most active areas of current interest relate to antibodies to various growth factor receptors and the testing of humanized antibodies.
Reirradiation and chemotherapy with ifosfamide, carboplatin and etoposide (ICE) for recurrent multiforme glioblastoma
Authors: A. Rodica Maricela, L. N. Minea, L. Oprea, T. Georgescu, I. Isacu, A. Tarlea, X. Bacinschi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

12508 Background: Despite different treatment options no standard treatment regimen is yet available for patient with recurrent glioblastoma, and the prognosis remain poor. In our study our aim was to assess the efficacy of a schedule consisted in Ifosfamide plus Carboplatine plus Etoposide in recurrent multiform glioblastoma patients. Methods: Between January 2002 - December 2006 32 patients have been treated for recurrent glioblastoma multiforme. They were 18 male and 14 female, with median age 44.6 years old (range 22–65 years old). The ECOG was 0–1-2 , 12/14/6 patients respectively. 15 of them received chronic corticotherapy. All patients were previously irradiated and they have inoperable recurrences. After the confirmation of recurrence 30 of them could be reirradiated with 30 Gy using conformal beam radiotherapy on the tumor bed. Three weeks after completion of radiotherapy they receive six cycles of chemotherapy consisted in Ifosfamide 1000 mg/sqm day 1–3 + Carboplatin 75 mg/sqm day 1–3 + Etoposide 75 mg/sqm day 1–3 every 4 weeks, according to hematological tolerance. Results: Reirradiation associated with ICE chemotherapy resulted in one complete remission, three partial remission, and 8 stable disease. All responders were 37.5%. 26 patients survived at least six month and 22 of them received all six cycles. One year survival rate was 21.8%. Progression-free survival at six month was 31.25%. The regimen was well tolerated with mild toxicities. Haematological toxicity gr.I-II 8 pts, gr.III-IV 3 pt; nonhaematological toxicity: fatigability gr.I-II 12 pts., gr.III-IV 2 pt, gr.III-IV 1 pt, nausea gr.I-II 9 pts, gr.III-IV 4 pt, renal toxicity grade I-II 3 patients, Neurological toxicity grade I-II 5 patients. Conclusions: The treatment scheme has been well tolerated. Results are similar with PCV regimen, even slightly better. This regimen should be reconsider for concomitant radiochemotherapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A phase I study of the CDK inhibitor dinaciclib (SCH 727965) administered every 3 weeks in patients (pts) with advanced malignancies: Final results.
Authors: M. M. Mita, A. C. Mita, J. Moseley, J. Poon, K. A. Small, Y. Jou, P. Kirschmeier, D. Zhang, P. Statkevich, K. K. Sankhala, J. Sarantopoulos, J. M. Cleary, L. R. Chirieac, S. Rodig, R. Bannerji, G. Shapiro
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

3080 Background: Dinaciclib is a potent and selective inhibitor of CDKs 1, 2, 5, and 9 with anti-tumor activity in multiple tumor cell lines and xenograft models. Methods: Dinaciclib is administered every 3 weeks in pts with advanced malignancies. Part 1: accelerated titration design to establish the RP2D of a 2-hr IV infusion. Part 2: 8 and 24-hr continuous IV infusions. Part 3: determined effect of the CYP3A4 inhibitor aprepitant on PK. PD assessments: ex vivo lymphocyte proliferation assay; FDG-PET/CT scans; and skin and/or tumor biopsies for IHC of cdk targets. Results: 81 pts treated. Part 1: Doses 1.85 to 58 mg/m2. RP2D 50 mg/m2. DLTs: non-neutropenic sepsis (1), neutropenic fever (2), neutropenia with pneumonia (1), hypotension (1), and rise in transaminases (3). Part 2: 7.4 and 10.4 mg/m2 well tolerated as 8- and 24-hr infusions, respectively. DLTs seen at lower doses with 8-hr and 24-hr vs 2-hr infusions. 8-hr DLTs: neutropenia with or without fever (5), hypotension (1), syncope (1), and elevated transaminases (2). 24-hr DLTs: rise in bilirubin (1) and delirium (1). Part 3: pts received dinaciclib 29.6 mg/m2 by 2-hr infusion +/- aprepitant. Among all pts, the most common treatment-related adverse events were nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, neutropenia, and fatigue. Dinaciclib was rapidly eliminated with a t1/2 of 1.4-3.3 hrs. Coadministration of aprepitant had no significant effect on PK. PD: Dose and infusion time correlated with degree and durability of suppression of lymphocyte proliferation. Tumor metabolic changes occurred in some pts by FDG-PET at day 8 but were not predictive of response. No objective responses by RECIST; SD ≥6 cycles (range 6-30) achieved in 10 pts. Pre/post tumor biopsies from 2 pts with melanoma show reduced phospho-Rb [pT356] post-treatment; total Rb was preserved. In 1 pt, p27 and p53 increased post-treatment, consistent with cdk2 and cdk9 inhibition. Analysis of skin biopsies ongoing. Conclusions: Dinaciclib has an acceptable safety profile at 50, 7.4 and 10.4 mg/m2 for 2-, 8- and 24-hr infusions, respectively, without PK interaction with aprepitant. Prolonged SD was achieved in some pts. Trials are ongoing in hematologic malignancies and melanoma.
Metabolic Relationships Between Tumor and Host During Massive Doses of Prednisone in Human Neoplastic Disease&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Donald M. Watkin, Jesse L. Steinfeld
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1964)

Metabolic balance studies were performed on 6 patients receiving prednisone: Four received 1000 mg daily doses for periods ranging from 8 to 13 days following 100 mg daily for 8 days; one received 1000 mg daily doses for 8 days and later 250 mg daily for 25 days; and one received 50 mg daily doses for 16 days and 100 mg daily for 8 days. Prednisone therapy induced objective reductions in the size of the neoplasms in patients with Hodgkin's disease, lymphosarcoma, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia, but not in 2 patients with multiple myeloma and 1 with prostatic carcinoma. Whereas 100 mg daily produced some desirable effects, 1000 mg daily doses were accompanied by numerous serious clinical complications. Metabolic studies indicated that prednisone in 1000 mg daily doses resulted in marked negative balances of N and P and marked positive balances of Na and Cl. Uric acid excretion rose precipitously in patients with susceptible tumors. The N/P balance ratios suggest the breakdown of normal tissue on 1000 mg daily doses. Energy balance calculations suggest a reduction in total energy expenditure and in the catabolism of fat characteristic of patients with neoplasia and an increase in protein catabolism by prednisone therapy at either the 100 or 1000 mg dose levels. Studies with I131-labeled albumin indicate an increased degradation, since total exchangeable albumin was decreased and albumin turnover increased with high doses of prednisone.
Correlation of computerized tomography measurement of visceral adiposity with plasma adiponectin levels and presence of metastatic disease in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: S. Chatterjee, N. Kleinmann, A. Kapoor, S. J. Hotte, J. H. Pinthus.
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

5118 Background: Obesity is a risk factor for renal cell carcinoma (RCC). A commonly used definition of obesity according to body mass index (BMI) is inaccurate. We have recently shown that plasma levels of adiponectin, a hormone secreted solely by adipocytes, inversely correlates to adverse prognostic factors in clear cell RCC. BMI had no effect on these factors. The purpose of this study was to develop a quantitative method of measuring visceral obesity and to correlate it to adiponectin levels and disease characteristics. Methods: Blood samples were collected pre-operatively from a cohort of 25 patients (11 with metastatic disease) all confirmed to have clear cell RCC at various stages. Visceral and peripheral fat content was measured using pre-operative CT. Three representive slices were analyzed, the top of L2 vertebral body, umbilicus and the anterior superior iliac spine. Each standardized image was digitally analyzed and tissue at fat density was extracted to create a composite. This image was separated into visceral and sub-cutaneous components and the number of pixels was counted in each image. The three slices were then digitally summed to create a surrogate score of visceral and peripheral fat. This score was correlated to plasma adiponectin levels, tumor size, grade, presence of metastasis and BMI. Results: Using linear regression analysis, plasma adiponectin correlated inversely with the size of the tumor (P<0.01) but not with BMI. BMI correlated strongly with CT total fat and peripheral fat measurements (P<0.01) but not visceral fat measurement. Similarly, visceral obesity correlated inversely with plasma adiponectin levels (p=0.04) and with the presence of metastasis (p=0.03 by logistic regression) but not with other prognostic factors. Conclusion: Using a novel and easily reproducible method to quantify adiposity we have shown that visceral obesity correlates with aggressive disease and lower levels of plasma adiponectin, a potential tumor suppressor, in RCC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 17729: Expression Profiles of Circulating MicroRNA in Heart Failure With Reduced and Preserved Ejection Fraction in Asia Population
Authors: Lee Lee Wong, Yei-Tsung Chen, Jia Yuen Lim, Michelle Mei-Yi Chan, Carolyn Su Ping Lam, Arthur Mark Richards
Journal: Circulation (2013)

The important roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in cardiovascular development and cardiac response to acute and chronic injury are increasingly being recognized. MiRNAs play important roles in cardiac diseases. Circulating miRNA signatures may offer diagnostic and pathogenic information. These circulating profiles in Heart Failure with Reduced (HFREF) or Preserved (HFPEF) ejection fraction remain to be defined.  We hypothesized that HFREF and HFPEF are associated with distinct circulating miRNA signatures that may offer insight into the underlying mechanisms distinguishing both phenotypes. MiRNA profiling was performed on plasma from 16 healthy controls, 18 HFREF and 13 HFPEF. MiRNAs levels were compared between healthy controls, HFREF, HFPEF and combined HF. The miRNAs that distinguished between HFREF and HFPEF were miR-103-2, -130b, -141, -143, -181c, -199a-5p, -200b, -223, -26b, -340 and -7-1 (p-values 0.001-0.049). Four such miRNAs were miR-130b, -143, -200b and -7-1 were highly differentially regulated in HFPEF as compared to control (p-values 0.001-0.03). The miRNAs that distinguished HFREF from control were let-7f, miR-103, -145, -193b and -339-5p (p-values 0.01-0.049). The miRNAs distinguished HF from control were let-7d, miR-126, -143, -181a, -30b, -30d, -345 and -376b (p-values 0.001-0.042). These miRNAs signatures with highly predicted target associated with neurohormone were selected for ongoing validation in a larger sample size study. MiR-143 with the predicted targets of natriuretic peptide B (BNP) and natriuretic peptide receptor C (NPR3) was found to be highly dysregulated in in-vitro model. Cardiomyocytes were subjected to hypoxic condition at 0.2 % of oxygen over 2 and 120 hours. MiR-143 expression was significantly regulated in correlation with NPR3 level. Ongoing functional assay will further decipher the biological function of miR-143.  This study shows specific plasma miRNA signatures that could be valuable biomarkers to distinguish between HFREF and HFPEF and from control. This is the first study in Asia to undertake a comparison of miRNA profiles in patients of these two phenotypes. Further study in in-vitro model on miR-143 deciphers the plausible underlying mechanism that can lead to HF.
Intravenous ibandronate injections are at least as effective as daily oral ibandronate: consistent effect across subgroups
Authors: Jean-Yves Reginster, J. J. Stepan, J. Halse, C. Hughes, P. Mahoney, D. Masanauskaite, J. A. Stakkestad
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2005)
Reassessment of patient response to monoclonal antibody 3F8.
Authors: N V Cheung, H Lazarus, F D Miraldi, N A Berger, C R Abramowsky, U M Saarinen, T Spitzer, S E Strandjord, P F Coccia
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1992)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1992.10.4.671 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 1548529 Reassessment of patient response to monoclonal antibody 3F8. N V CheungxN V CheungSearch for articles by this author , H LazarusxH LazarusSearch for articles by this author , F D MiraldixF D MiraldiSearch for articles by this author , N A BergerxN A BergerSearch for articles by this author , C R AbramowskyxC R AbramowskySearch for articles by this author , U M SaarinenxU M SaarinenSearch for articles by this author , T SpitzerxT SpitzerSearch for articles by this author , S E StrandjordxS E StrandjordSearch for articles by this author , P F CocciaxP F CocciaSearch for articles by this author Show More https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1992.10.4.671 PDF "Reassessment of patient response to monoclonal antibody 3F8.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 10(4), pp. 671–672© 1992 by American Society of Clinical Oncology