tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Number of lymph nodes examined and prognosis among pathologically node-negative patients after preoperative chemoradiation for rectal cancer.
Authors: C. Tsai, C. H. Crane, J. M. Skibber, M. A. Rodriguez-Bigas, G. J. Chang, B. W. Feig, C. Eng, M. E. Delclos, S. Krishnan, P. Das
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

3593 Background: Preoperative chemoradiation for rectal cancer can decrease the number of evaluable lymph nodes. The prognostic role of lymph node retrieval and evaluation in rectal cancer patients undergoing preoperative chemoradiation is unclear. We evaluated the prognostic impact of the number of lymph nodes examined among rectal cancer patients that were pathologically node-negative (ypN0) after preoperative chemoradiation. Methods: Between 1990 and 2004, 372 patients with nonmetastatic rectal adenocarcinoma (5% cT2, 85% cT3, 10% cT4, 52% cN0, 46% cN1-2) underwent preoperative chemoradiation followed by mesorectal excision, and had pathologically node-negative (ypN0) disease. The median radiation dose was 45 Gy and 68% of the patients received adjuvant chemotherapy. Patients were followed for a median of 8.4 years. Results: The median number of lymph nodes examined following preoperative chemoradiation was 7 (range, 0-40). Patients with > 7 nodes examined had a higher 5-year rate of freedom from relapse (86% vs. 72%, log-rank p = 0.005) and cancer-specific survival (95% vs. 86%, log-rank p = 0.0004), but had similar overall survival (87% vs. 81%, log-rank p = 0.07) compared to patients with ≤ 7 nodes examined. Multivariate Cox proportional models adjusting for age, sex, race, clinical T and N stage, pathologic T stage, downstaging, distance from anal verge, adjuvant chemotherapy, and year of surgery demonstrated that patients with >7 nodes examined had a significantly lower risk of relapse (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.39, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.21-0.73, p = 0.003) and death from rectal cancer (HR = 0.45, 95% CI = 0.21-0.98, p = 0.04), but no significant difference in all-cause mortality (HR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.46-1.20, p = 0.23) compared to patients with ≤ 7 nodes examined. Conclusions: The number of lymph nodes examined was independently associated with disease relapse and cancer-specific survival in ypN0 rectal cancer patients treated with preoperative chemoradiation. Hence, the number of negative lymph nodes examined may be a prognostic factor in rectal cancer patients treated with preoperative chemoradiation. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Experimental Study of Hypersecretion of Mucus in the Bronchial Tree
Authors: L REID
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Molecular etiology of arthrogryposis in multiple families of mostly Turkish origin
Authors: Yavuz Bayram, Ender Karaca, Zeynep Coban Akdemir, Elif Ozdamar Yilmaz, Gulsen Akay Tayfun, Hatip Aydin, Deniz Torun, Sevcan Tug Bozdogan, Alper Gezdirici, Sedat Isikay, Mehmed M. Atik, Tomasz Gambin, Tamar Harel, Ayman W. El-Hattab, Wu-Lin Charng, Davut Pehlivan, Shalini N. Jhangiani, Donna M. Muzny, Ali Karaman, Tamer Celik, Ozge Ozalp Yuregir, Timur Yildirim, Ilhan A. Bayhan, Eric Boerwinkle, Richard A. Gibbs, Nursel Elcioglu, Beyhan Tuysuz, James R. Lupski
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2016)

Arthrogryposis, defined as congenital joint contractures in 2 or more body areas, is a clinical sign rather than a specific disease diagnosis. To date, more than 400 different disorders have been described that present with arthrogryposis, and variants of more than 220 genes have been associated with these disorders; however, the underlying molecular etiology remains unknown in the considerable majority of these cases.We performed whole exome sequencing (WES) of 52 patients with clinical presentation of arthrogryposis from 48 different families.Affected individuals from 17 families (35.4%) had variants in known arthrogryposis-associated genes, including homozygous variants of cholinergic γ nicotinic receptor (CHRNG, 6 subjects) and endothelin converting enzyme-like 1 (ECEL1, 4 subjects). Deleterious variants in candidate arthrogryposis-causing genes (fibrillin 3 [FBN3], myosin IXA [MYO9A], and pleckstrin and Sec7 domain containing 3 [PSD3]) were identified in 3 families (6.2%). Moreover, in 8 families with a homozygous mutation in an arthrogryposis-associated gene, we identified a second locus with either a homozygous or compound heterozygous variant in a candidate gene (myosin binding protein C, fast type [MYBPC2] and vacuolar protein sorting 8 [VPS8], 2 families, 4.2%) or in another disease-associated genes (6 families, 12.5%), indicating a potential mutational burden contributing to disease expression.In 58.3% of families, the arthrogryposis manifestation could be explained by a molecular diagnosis; however, the molecular etiology in subjects from 20 families remained unsolved by WES. Only 5 of these 20 unrelated subjects had a clinical presentation consistent with amyoplasia; a phenotype not thought to be of genetic origin. Our results indicate that increased use of genome-wide technologies will provide opportunities to better understand genetic models for diseases and molecular mechanisms of genetically heterogeneous disorders, such as arthrogryposis.This work was supported in part by US National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI)/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) grant U54HG006542 to the Baylor-Hopkins Center for Mendelian Genomics, and US National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) grant R01NS058529 to J.R. Lupski.
Age and gender-related peculiarities of multiple primary cancers (MPC) in the Altai Territory
Authors: E. L. Sekerzhinskaya, V. D. Petrova, A. F. Lazarev
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

1552 Background: Itis known that the age-related differences in cancer incidence become distinct among males and females above 30 years of age. The share of elderly females in the general population is growing due to anomaly high non-oncological mortality of able-bodied males. Methods: The data of the Altai territory cancer registry (1995–2008 y.y.) on 3861 patients with MPC were analyzed. Results: Three thousand seven hundred forty four patients (96.97%) had 2 MPC; 114 patients (2.95 %), 3; and 3 patients (0.07 %), 4. Among all the patients with MPC there were 50.58% females and 49.42 % males. The average age of patients with double MPC was 63.1 (varied from 14.4 to 82.6). The average age of patients with triple MPC was 63.0 (varied from 39.0 to 81.0). In most of the patients. cancers were diagnosed at the ages of 60 to 69, which is considered elderly in accordance with World Health Organization gerontological classification. Females prevailed over males among the patients at the ages of 30 to 39 (71.43% to 28.57%, p &lt; 0.05) as well as at the ages of 40 to 49 (69.34% to 30.66%, [p &lt;0.01). However, among the patients at the ages of 60 to 69, males amounted 55.69% in comparison with 44.31% of females (p &lt; 0.01). The was no significant difference between the number of females and males among the patients with MPC at the ages of 70 to 79. Conclusions: Thus, MPC were frequently registered in both males and females. Yet among the patients with MPC in elderly ages, there were more males than females. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
AFTER THE JUBILEE.
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
<i>“A Montrouge”—Rosa La Rouge</i>
Authors: Carrie A. Butt
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 15618: PCI Outcomes among Medicare Beneficiaries during Fiscal Year 2010 at Hospitals with and without Cardiac Surgery On-Site
Authors: Aaron D Kugelmass, Phillip P Brown, David J Cohen, Matthew R Reynolds, Steven D Culler, April W Simon
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Objective: The trend toward allowing PCI to be performed without on-site surgical backup (non-SOS) continues to be controversial. The purpose of this analysis is to report average risk-adjusted hos...
Activity of esorubicin in recurrent malignant lymphoma: a Southwest Oncology Group study.
Authors: T P Miller, S Dahlberg, S E Salmon, S K Williamson, R J Belt, B W Dana, R I Fisher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1991)

A phase II trial of esorubicin (4' deoxydoxorubicin) was conducted by the Southwest Oncology Group in 88 assessable patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and Hodgkin's disease (HD) at the time of first relapse. Esorubicin was administered at two dose levels: 25 mg/m2 for patients at risk for excessive myelosuppression, and at 30 mg/m2 for all others at 21-day intervals. Overall, 33 of 88 patients (38%) responded to treatment including three complete remissions (CRs; 3%) and 30 partial remissions (PRs; 34%), with the median duration of response lasting 6.2 months. Response rates did not differ significantly by histologic subtype: 31% of 26 patients with favorable NHL, 33% of 43 patients with unfavorable NHL, and 58% of 19 patients with HD. Twelve of 33 responding patients (36%) had relatively durable remissions lasting from 1 to more than 4 years. Leukopenia (less than 3,000 cells per microliter) was seen in 65 of 88 patients (74%) and was severe (less than 1,000 cells per microliter) in 20 of 88 patients (23%). Clinical signs or symptoms of congestive heart failure were not seen and the ejection fraction (EF) fell 10% to 20% in three patients. Esorubicin is an active agent in patients with NHL or HD at the time of first relapse.
The A2A adenosine receptor regulates the formation of new lymphatic vessels in inflammatory microenvironments
Authors: Bertrand Allard, John Stagg
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2015)

Meeting abstracts The formation of new lymphatic vessels, or lymphangiogenesis, is a natural process involved in tissue repair and in the resolution of inflammatory reactions. In some cancers, this process is exploited by the tumor to promote its growth and its metastatic dissemination. Our group
Abstract #4725: Enhanced expression of AREG and FGFR2 and increased activity of peptide growth factor signaling pathways induces resistance to fulvestrant and tamoxifen
Authors: Mohammad Atefi, Neil OBrien, Yasser Attiga, Margaret Kozak, Charles Ginther, Dennis Slamon
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

In the normal breast, estrogen (E2) induces mammary cell proliferation and mammary gland ductal elongation. In this process, E2 stimulation is the initiating event causing a subsequent stepwise release of growth factors such as AREG and FGFs from ER+ and breast stromal cells, respectively. The growth factors released from stromal cells stimulate breast stem cells to proliferate. In ER+ breast cancers, E2 also induces release of growth factors that function in autocrine loops causing tumor cells to proliferate. The ER antagonists tamoxifen and fulvestrant inhibit ER activities and block E2 induced proliferation of breast cancer cells. Despite the success of endocrine therapy, a large proportion of ER+ tumors eventually develop resistance to ER antagonists. We investigated mechanisms of acquired resistance to endocrine therapy by developing two resistant sub-lines from the highly tamoxifen and fulvestrant sensitive cell line, MCF-7. Microarray analysis and other confirmatory assays indicate that E2 independent expression of AREG is highly increased in the resistant sub-lines, MCF-7R1 and MCF-7R2. Moreover in comparison to the parental cell line, higher levels of FGFR2, FGFR3, p-ERK1/2 and p-AKT were detected in MCF-7R1 and MCF-7R2. Both resistant sub-lines showed greater sensitivity to inhibitors of AREG function, i.e. cetuximab and lapatinib. Moreover, inhibition of AREG expression by SiRNA decreased the resistance of MCF-7R1 and MCF-7R2 cell lines to fulvestrant by several fold. In addition, inhibition of FGFR2 expression by SiRNA also enhanced the sensitivity of MCF-7R1 and MCF-7R2 cell lines to ER antagonistic drug fulvestrant. As parental MCF-7 and three other ER+ cell lines were stimulated by AREG, FGFs or AREG plus FGFs, we found that in MCF-7 and two other cell lines (T-47D and ZR-75-1) combination of these growth factors significantly enhanced the E2 independent growth and resistance to ER antagonists. We, therefore conclude that ER+ tumor cells can acquire resistant to endocrine therapy by ER independent and autonomous production of AREG, overexpression of receptors for FGF growth factors and enhancing activity of peptide growth factor signaling.  Citation Information: In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr 4725.
Abstract 5415: Therapeutic effects of TOPK inhibitor on triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Jae-Hyun Park, Takashi Miyamoto, Yo Matsuo, Yusuke Nakamura
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract TOPK (T-LAK cell-originated protein kinase) is a novel mitotic kinase and frequently up-regulated in multiple types of cancer, including triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), but not expressed in normal organs except testis. We previously showed that knockdown of TOPK using siRNAs induced cytokinesis defect in dividing cancer cells with elongated intercellular bridge. In addition, we recently reported that a potent TOPK inhibitor (OTS964) caused the cytokinesis defect and subsequently induced apoptosis of cancer cells in vitro as well as in in vivo xenograft models of human lung cancer. More importantly, liposomal formulation of OTS964 led to complete regression of transplanted tumors without any detectable adverse reactions in mice. Since the TOPK gene is up-regulated in the great majority of TNBCs, we examined therapeutic effect of OTS964 on TNBC cell lines. Western blot analysis revealed that TOPK was highly expressed in all of five TNBC cell lines examined. OTS964 was effective to MDA-MB-231 cells with the IC50 value of 73 nM, and caused cytokinesis defect and apoptosis. Moreover, in MDA-MB-231 xenograft model, oral administration of 75 mg/kg OTS964 for 2 weeks achieved 65% tumor growth inhibitory (TGI) effect at day 15, without any body weight loss. Collectively, our findings imply that targeting TOPK is a very promising therapeutic option for the treatment of TNBC patients who still have very limited treatment modalities. Citation Format: Jae-Hyun Park, Takashi Miyamoto, Yo Matsuo, Yusuke Nakamura. Therapeutic effects of TOPK inhibitor on triple-negative breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 5415. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-5415
Second Cancers after Treatment for Hodgkin’s Lymphoma — Continuing Cause for Concern
Authors: John Radford, Dan L. Longo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

Long-term survival after a diagnosis of Hodgkin’s lymphoma depends on two interrelated factors — successful elimination of disease and the avoidance of treatment-related second cancers and cardiovascular disease. Ever since the importance of this balance between treatment efficacy and toxicity was recognized, attempts have been made to maintain or improve the former while reducing the latter. In particular, radiation field size and dose have been reduced, especially in early-stage disease,1 and alkylating agents are less commonly used than in earlier decades. The question is, how effective has this strategy been in terms of reducing the burden of life-threatening toxic effects . . .
Single dose electron beam radiation therapy for tumor wound seeding prophylaxis in mesothelioma
Authors: T. C. Lo, J. Cassady, J. F. Beamis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

7238 Background: Wound seeding by tumor cells in the course of malignant disease is a well-documented phenomenon. Mesothelioma is one of the malignancies notoriously known to manifest symptomatic tumor seeding along tissue tracks from thoracoscopy, chest tube or needle drainage of pleural effusion, or needle or open pleural biopsy. Prognosis of this disease is grave and survival is usually short. However, when a patient develops gross seeding presenting with a symptomatic chest wall mass from malignant mesothelioma, the pain is typically excruciating. Unfortunately treatment options at that point in time are very limited and mostly ineffective. In an attempt to prevent the development of wound seeding after a diagnostic or therapeutic procedure in the management of mesothelioma, we piloted a treatment program by irradiating the site of the wound using single dose electron beam and the results are presented. Methods: Eight patients with ages ranged form 52 to 80 years received chest wall irradiation to a total of 12 sites in an attempt to prevent wound seeding by tumor. All had a history of exposure to asbestos and a tissue diagnosis of mesothelioma. All patients received radiation therapy within 30 days after the procedure and all sites were treated with a 5-cm diameter cone. A single dose of 15 Gy using either 10 MeV or 12 MeV electron beam was delivered. Results: All but one patient have died with a median follow-up of 4 moths (range 2 to 16 months). No patient developed wound seeding by tumor cells. There was no treatment related complication. Conclusions: In this small series, it appears that prophylactic radiation therapy is effective in preventing wound seeding by tumor cells along tissue tracks in the management of mesothelioma. However, in view of the facts that mesothelioma is a rare tumor and the true incidence of wound seeding is unknown, a large-scale study on a multi-institutional level will be needed to assess the value of this unique treatment modality. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Autologous Blood Transfusion in Elective Orthopaedic Surgery
Authors: S E James, M A Smith
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1987)

Autologous blood transfusion is one of the most effective ways of avoiding the need for homologous transfusion and all its associated complications. Since the beginning of 1985, autotransfusions have been used in 48 patients undergoing total joint replacement, without significant complications. Their average haemoglobin level two weeks postoperatively was 11.3 mg/dl. We believe that this is a safe, effective and economical procedure which benefits both patients and medical staff, and its use should be more widespread.
The<i>MCT4</i>Gene: A Novel, Potential Target for Therapy of Advanced Prostate Cancer
Authors: Stephen Yiu Chuen Choi, Hui Xue, Rebecca Wu, Ladan Fazli, Dong Lin, Colin C. Collins, Martin E. Gleave, Peter W. Gout, Yuzhuo Wang
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

The management of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is a major challenge in the clinic. Androgen receptor signaling-directed strategies are not curative in CRPC therapy, and new strategies targeting alternative, key cancer properties are needed. Using reprogrammed glucose metabolism (aerobic glycolysis), cancer cells typically secrete excessive amounts of lactic acid into their microenvironment, promoting cancer development, survival, and progression. Cellular lactic acid secretion is thought to be predominantly mediated by MCT4, a plasma membrane transporter protein. As such, the MCT4 gene provides a unique, potential therapeutic target for cancer.A tissue microarray of various Gleason grade human prostate cancers was stained for MCT4 protein. Specific, MCT4-targeting antisense oligonucleotides (MCT4 ASO) were designed and candidate MCT4 ASOs checked for effects on (i) MCT4 expression, lactic acid secretion/content, glucose consumption, glycolytic gene expression, and proliferation of human CRPC cells and (ii) growth of PC-3 tumors in nude mice.Elevated MCT4 expression was associated with human CRPC and an earlier time to relapse. The treatment of PC-3, DU145, and C4-2 CRPC cultures with candidate MCT4 ASOs led to marked inhibition of MCT4 expression, lactic acid secretion, to increased intracellular lactic acid levels, and markedly reduced aerobic glycolysis and cell proliferation. Treatment of PC-3 tumor-bearing nude mice with the MCT4 ASOs markedly inhibited tumor growth without inducing major host toxicity.MCT4-targeting ASOs that inhibit lactic acid secretion may be useful for therapy of CRPC and other cancers, as they can interfere with reprogrammed energy metabolism of cancers, an emerging hallmark of cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 22(11); 2721-33. ©2016 AACR.