tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Decreased β-Amyloid<sub>1-42</sub>and Increased Tau Levels in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients With Alzheimer Disease
Authors: Trey Sunderland, Gary Linker, Nadeem Mirza, Karen T Putnam, David L Friedman, Lida H Kimmel, Judy Bergeson, Guy J Manetti, Matthew Zimmermann, Brian Tang, John J Bartko, Robert M Cohen
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Alzheimer disease (AD) is characterized by pathological results at autopsy of amyloid plaques and tau-associated neurofibrillary tangles, but the clinical diagnosis of AD is determined on the basis of medical history, cognitive symptoms, and exclusionary criteria. The search for antemortem biomarkers is intense and has focused on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) beta-amyloid1-42 and tau proteins.To compare CSF beta-amyloid and tau levels in a new population of AD patients and controls. To perform a meta-analysis of studies of CSF beta-amyloid and tau levels in AD patients and controls.Cross-sectional study of the comparison of baseline CSF beta-amyloid1-42 and tau levels in AD patients and controls. Meta-analysis involved 17 studies of CSF beta-amyloid and 34 studies of CSF tau.Clinical research unit of the National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Md.The Geriatric Psychiatry Branch evaluated AD patients as inpatients at the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center between May 1985 and January 2001. A total of 203 patients participated in this study (131 with AD and 72 controls). None had other serious illnesses, and 31 of 131 AD cases had AD confirmed at autopsy. Meta-analysis provided an additional 3133 AD patients and 1481 controls.Levels of CSF beta-amyloid1-42 were measured by a sandwich enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay with a polyclonal capture antibody and a monoclonal detection antibody. Levels of CSF tau were measured with a standard commercial immunoassay.Levels of CSF beta-amyloid1-42 were significantly lower in the AD patients vs controls (mean [SD], 183 [121] pg/mL vs 491 [245] pg/mL; P<.001). Levels of CSF tau were significantly higher in AD patients (mean [SD], 587 [365] pg/mL vs 244 [156] pg/mL; P<.001). The cutpoints of 444 pg/mL for CSF beta-amyloid1-42 and 195 pg/mL for CSF tau gave a sensitivity and specificity of 92% and 89%, respectively, to distinguish AD patients from controls, which is comparable with rates with clinical diagnosis. Meta-analyses of studies comparing CSF beta-amyloid and tau levels in AD participants and controls confirmed an overall difference between levels in these 2 groups.Alzheimer disease is associated with a significant decrease in CSF beta-amyloid1-42 levels along with an increase in CSF tau levels. These findings suggest that the 2 measures are biological markers of AD pathophysiology. While these CSF measures may have a potential clinical utility as biomarkers of disease, the preliminary and retrospective nature of the findings, the absence of assay standardization, and the lack of comparison patient populations must be addressed in future studies testing the usefulness of these CSF measures for predictive, diagnostic, or treatment evaluation purposes.
Methods for computing the standard errors of branching points in an evolutionary tree and their application to molecular data from humans and apes.
Authors: M Nei, J C Stephens, N Saitou
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1985)

Statistical methods for computing the standard errors of the branching points of an evolutionary tree are developed. These methods are for the unweighted pair-group method-determined (UPGMA) trees reconstructed from molecular data such as amino acid sequences, nucleotide sequences, restriction-sites data, and electrophoretic distances. They were applied to data for the human, chimpanzee, gorilla, orangutan, and gibbon species. Among the four different sets of data used, DNA sequences for an 895-nucleotide segment of mitochondrial DNA (Brown et al. 1982) gave the most reliable tree, whereas electrophoretic data (Bruce and Ayala 1979) gave the least reliable one. The DNA sequence data suggested that the chimpanzee is the closest and that the gorilla is the next closest to the human species. The orangutan and gibbon are more distantly related to man than is the gorilla. This topology of the tree is in agreement with that for the tree obtained from chromosomal studies and DNA-hybridization experiments. However, the difference between the branching point for the human and the chimpanzee species and that for the gorilla species and the human-chimpanzee group is not statistically significant. In addition to this analysis, various factors that affect the accuracy of an estimated tree are discussed.
Clinical Characterization of Coronary Atherosclerosis With Dual-Modality OCT and Near-Infrared Autofluorescence Imaging
Authors: Giovanni J. Ughi, Hao Wang, Edouard Gerbaud, Joseph A. Gardecki, Ali M. Fard, Ehsan Hamidi, Paulino Vacas-Jacques, Mireille Rosenberg, Farouc A. Jaffer, Guillermo J. Tearney
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2016)
Physiological correlates of cancer-related fatigue in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients
Authors: T. Swanson, M. A. Dalzell, D. Small, N. MacDonald, H. Kreisman, D. St-Pierre
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

8525 Background: Fatigue is a debilitating consequence of lung cancer and its treatments. The etiology of fatigue is unclear, and our current knowledge does not point to logical interventions. In this study, global fatigue score was assessed using the Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI). A symptom questionnaire, as well as muscular and cardiorespiratory function, were assessed as potential contributors to the global fatigue score. Methods: Participants were evaluated by a physical therapist within the McGill Cancer Nutrition and Rehabilitation Program. Performance-based measures of physical function [upper limb strength and endurance (Jamar dynamometry), lower limb strength (30sec chair rise), cardiorespiratory function (2 minute walk -2MW)] and a symptom questionnaire [Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS)] were conducted at one point in time. Results: Eighty patients (43M:37F, mean age 68 ± 12 ) participated in the study. Forty-seven percent were actively receiving treatment at the time of assessment. On the BFI, 56% had moderate or severe fatigue and 88% indicated fatigue had interfered with their functioning during the past 24 hours. Global fatigue scores were unrelated to hand grip strength or endurance measurements but were significantly correlated with chair rise performance (R= -0.31, p&lt;0.05), 2MW (R= -0.31, p&lt;0.05), ESAS rating of pain (R=0.47, p&lt;0.01), overall ESAS rating of breathlessness (R= 0.59, p&lt;0.01), and ESAS rating of strength (R=0.58, p&lt;0.01). Multivariate regression analysis suggested the best model for global fatigue scores incorporates chair rise performance, 2MW performance, ESAS rating of strength and ESAS rating of shortness of breath (adjusted R sq = 0.68, p&lt;0.01). Conclusions: Fatigue is prevalent and impacts on the function of advanced NSCLC patients. Several key factors contribute to this fatigue, with muscular and cardiorespiratory restrictions playing an important role. Such findings may have clinical implications in the recommendations of rest and exercise to best manage fatigue. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Brief Communication: Proliferation of Preneoplastic Mammary Nodule Outgrowth in Mammary Fat Pads of BALB/c Mice in Organ Culture2
Authors: Rajendra G. Mehta, Linda L. Washburn, Patricia N. Young, Mihir R. Banerjee, Howard A. Bern
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

The whole “gland-free” inguinal (fourth) mammary fat pad of BALB/c mice containing a fragment of mammary nodule outgrowth transplanted 3 weeks earlier was incubated in hormone-supplemented medium. The nodule tissue responded to the growth-promoting action of the hormones and, after incubation for 12 days in organ culture, filled over 50% of the fat pad. However, when transplantation was done at the time of explantation, subsequent growth in vitro was not observed.
Role of Nonimmunized Macrophages in the Rejection of an Allotransplanted Lymphoma&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: K. Nomoto, R. K. Gershon, B. H. Waksman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1970)

The ability of normal macrophages to assist immune cells in tumor killing was investigated. Peritoneal exudate cells, lymph node cells, and spleen cells were obtained from tumor-bearing hamsters with high levels of concomitant immunity. These cells were mixed with tumor cells and inoculated subcutaneously into either 1) normal, 2) thymectomized and irradiated, or 3) thymectomized, irradiated, bone-marrowgrafted syngeneic recipients. In some experiments normal peritoneal exudate cells were added to the mixtures. The results showed that irradiation of the recipients decreased tumor killing. Neither bone marrow transfusion nor the addition of peritoneal exudate cells restored this deficiency. The addition of peritoneal exudate cells did, however, produce skin lesions similar in many ways to those seen in delayed hypersensitivity reactions. It was concluded that tumor killing was most likely accomplished by direct action of immune cells on their target cells, whereas the skin lesion was due to an indirect effect of this interaction on normal macrophages. The decreased ability of adoptively immunized, thymectomized, irradiated hamsters to reject the tumor was considered due to the absence of active immunization.
Abstract P045: Residential Traffic Exposure and Intima Media Thickness in Augsburg, Germany
Authors: Kathrin Wolf, Josef Cyrys, Matthias Birk, Christa Meisinger, Barbara Thorand, Rathmann Wolfgang, Joachim Thiery, Wolfgang Koenig, Joachim Seissler, Annette Peters
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background. It has been suggested that long-term exposure to air pollution may lead to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Hypotheses. In this study, we hypothesized that long-term residential traffic exposure enlarges of intima-media thickness (IMT). Methods. We used data on 2712 individuals aged 31 to 82 years who participated in the cross-sectional KORA F4 (2006–2008) survey conducted in the region of Augsburg, Germany. The residential traffic exposure was assessed by specifying daily traffic intensity of and distance to nearest street, and of daily traffic load (sum of product of traffic intensity and length of all street segments) and total road length within a buffer of 50 and rings of 50 to 100 and 100 to 300 meters around the residences. IMT was measured as mean of first cm of left and right common carotid artery segments from all angles (mm). We used linear regression adjusting for sex, age, adipositas, education, occupation, smoking status, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol and statin intake. Results. Road length within a radius of 50 meters of a person’s residence was associated with an increased IMT 1.2% (95% CI, 0.2% to 2.3%) per increase in 140 road length (m). Other measures of traffic exposures showed no or weaker effects; for example the traffic load within a radius of 50 meters of a person’s residence was associated with an increased IMT 0.3% (95% CI, -0.4% to 1.0%) per increase in 600 vehicles per kilometer. No difference was observed between men and women. Conclusions. Long-term residential exposure by road traffic may contribute to the development of atherosclerosis. Additional estimates for traffic related pollution may help interpreting the results of the KORA study.
Impact of time on cosmetic outcome following breast-conserving therapy.
Authors: F A Vicini, A Martinez
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1992)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1992.10.7.1201 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 1607924 Impact of time on cosmetic outcome following breast-conserving therapy. F A VicinixF A ViciniSearch for articles by this author , A MartinezxA MartinezSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1992.10.7.1201 PDF "Impact of time on cosmetic outcome following breast-conserving therapy.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 10(7), p. 1201© 1992 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
&lt;italic&gt;Brief Communication:&lt;/italic&gt; Aberrant Viruses in Cells Infected With Murine Sarcoma Virus-Feline Leukemia Virus&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: R Al-Adhami, A L Chapman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

This study describes an unusual type of virus seen when a feline leukemia virus (FeLY) pseudotype of murine sarcoma virus (MuSY) obtained by cocentrifugation procedures infected feline embryo cells (FEF) and two Crandell cat cell lines (CrFK1, CrFK2). When all three cell cultures were infected with MuSY-FeLY, only FEF and CrFK2 were transformed and only these showed normal and aberrant virus. The CrFKl infected with MuSY-FeLY did not transform but did replicate normal type-C virus with a 50-Å intermediate coat. The virus replicated in the two transformed lines showed three particles: a normal particle with a 50-Å intermediate coat, a normal particle with a 100-Å intermediate coat, and an aberrant particle with a 100-Å intermediate coat.
A 44-year-old mentally handicapped institutionalized man with acute circulatory collapse.
Authors: W Casscells, F Fuentes, D Mishkel, W E SooHoo
Journal: Circulation (1994)

PresentationA 44-year-old man with a history of hypothyroidism and seizure disorder presented to Hermann Hospital for further evaluation after being found unconscious.The patient, who was mentally handicapped and resided in a skilled nursing facility, had been in his usual state of health until the day of admission.Up to that time, he was able to perform limited self-care skills, walk and eat without assistance, and report daily to the nurse's station to receive prescribed medications.On the day of admission, he did not report as usual and was found in his room unresponsive, pale, and with cyanotic-appear- ing extremities.No peripheral pulse was palpated, and a blood pressure measurement could not be obtained.Emergency medical services (EMS) personnel arrived and immediately administered a bolus of 2.5 L normal saline; subsequently, a weak and rapid femoral pulse was appreciated, and blood pressure was measured at 110/60 mm Hg.No chest compressions were performed.ECG tracings obtained by EMS personnel were not available or reported.On arrival at the emergency department, the patient was awake and responsive but disoriented.He received 1 L of normal saline after the emergency placement of a central venous catheter.His femoral pulse was weak at 96 beats per minute, but peripheral pulses could not be felt.His systolic blood pressure measured 72 mm Hg by palpation.Respiratory rate was 20 breaths per minute.Rectal temperature measured 99.8°F.He was mildly dyspneic and tachypneic with change in position.On examination, no jugular venous distension was reported, heart sounds were not well characterized, breath sounds were audible but distant, and there was mild bilateral pedal edema.An emergency ECG revealed normal sinus rhythm, rate of 83 beats per minute, reduced voltage in the limb leads only, and no ST-segment or T-wave changes (Fig 1).Chest radiograph showed a
Evaluation of Left Atrial Degeneration for the Prediction of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Tomoki Kubota, Masanori Kawasaki, Nobuhiro Takasugi, Urara Takeyama, Yoshiyuki Ishihara, Munenori Okubo, Takahiko Yamaki, Shinsuke Ojio, Takuma Aoyama, Masazumi Arai, Kazuhiko Nishigaki, Genzou Takemura, Hisayoshi Fujiwara, Shinya Minatoguchi
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2009)
Beneficial Effects of Pet Ownership on Some Aspects of Human Health and Behaviour
Authors: James Serpell
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1991)

A 10-month prospective study was carried out which examined changes in behaviour and health status in 71 adult subjects following the acquisition of a new pet (either dogs or cats). A group of 26 subjects without pets served as a comparison over the same period. Both pet-owning groups reported a highly significant reduction in minor health problems during the first month following pet acquisition, and this effect was sustained in dog owners through to 10 months. The pet-acquiring groups also showed improvements in their scores on the 30-item General Health Questionnaire over the first 6 months and, in dog owners, this improvement was maintained until 10 months. In addition, dog owners took considerably more physical exercise while walking their dogs than the other two groups, and this effect continued throughout the period of study. The group without pets exhibited no statistically significant changes in health or behaviour, apart from a small increase in recreational walking. The results provide evidence that pet acquisition may have positive effects on human health and behaviour, and that in some cases these effects are relatively long term.
Non-myeloablative transplantation for solid tumors. Still a long way to go?
Authors: H. C. Schouten, R. L. H. Jansen, R. I. Lalisang, G. M. Bos
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

6629 Background: Many metastatic solid tumors are incurable using standard chemotherapy. New treatment options for these patients are urgently needed. Allogeneic T-cells may have a potential anti-tumor effect and may be exploited, especially because the treatment related mortality of allogeneic stem cell transplantation has decreased significantly since the introduction of non-myeloablative regimens. Methods: In a phase I-II study we treated patients with end-stage metastatic solid tumors with an allotransplant using HLA identical sibling donors. Pre-transplant conditioning consisted of Cyclophosphamide (60mg/kgx2) and Fludarabine (25mg/m2x5). GvHD prophylaxis consisted of standard Cyclosporine A/Methotrexate (days +1,+3,+6,+11). No T cell depletion was performed. Results: A total of 18 patients were treated between December 1999 and December 2003: breast cancer (n=11), melanoma (n=2) and renal cell (n=5). Median age was 52.5 yrs (33–64). In 10/14 evaluable pts more than 90% donor chimerism was observed. In one the graft was rejected resulting in autologous recovery. Pts with incomplete chimerism or rejection had received a graft consisting of less than 3.106 CD34 cells. With a median follow up of 194 days in 4/18 pts WHO 3–4 non-hematological toxicity was observed. Acute GvHD was observed in 4/18. Chronic GvHD was seen also in 4/18. Non-relapse mortality in breast cancer pts was 1/11. In contrast, in renal cell pts it was 4/5 and melanoma 1/2. Only in one pt with metastatic breast cancer an anti-tumor response was observed. Conclusions: Non-myeloablative transplants are not without significant toxicity and mortality. Appropriate patient selection may be necessary. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Association of season of birth with <scp>DNA</scp> methylation and allergic disease
Authors: G. A. Lockett, N. Soto‐Ramírez, M. A. Ray, T. M. Everson, C.‐J. Xu, V. K. Patil, W. Terry, A. Kaushal, F. I. Rezwan, S. L. Ewart, U. Gehring, D. S. Postma, G. H. Koppelman, S. H. Arshad, H. Zhang, W. Karmaus, J. W. Holloway
Journal: Allergy (2016)

Season of birth influences allergy risk; however, the biological mechanisms underlying this observation are unclear. The environment affects DNA methylation, with potentially long-lasting effects on gene expression and disease. This study examined whether DNA methylation could underlie the association between season of birth and allergy.
Favorable outcome with hyper-CVAD in lymphoblastic lymphoma (LL)
Authors: D. A. Thomas, J. Cortes, S. M. O'Brien, F. Giles, S. Faderl, S. Verstovsek, A. Ferrajoli, M. Beran, F. Cabanillas, H. Kantarjian
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

6597
Abstract P175: High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Mortality Prior to Age 90 in a Cohort of Male Physicians
Authors: Catherine Rahilly-Tierney, Howard D Sesso, J. Michael Gaziano, Luc Djousse
Journal: Circulation (2012)

BACKGROUND: Few studies have examined prospectively the relationship between baseline high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and longevity. OBJECTIVES: We sought to examine whether higher HDL levels were associated with lower risk of all-cause, cardiovascular (CVD), and non-CVD mortality prior to age 90 in the Physicians’ Health Study (PHS). METHODS: We considered a baseline cohort of 1351 PHS participants who provided bloods between 1997 and 2001 and were old enough to reach age 90 by March 4, 2009. Included subjects had complete baseline data on HDL and total cholesterol; lifestyle factors including smoking, exercise, alcohol consumption, and BMI; and comorbidities including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, congestive heart failure, cancer, and stroke. We used Cox proportional hazards to determine the HRs and 95% CIs for all-cause, CVD, and non-CVD mortality prior to age 90, adjusting for baseline age, co-morbidities, and non-HDL cholesterol. RESULTS: At baseline, the cohort had a mean (SD) age of 81.9 (2.9) years and a mean (SD) HDL cholesterol of 44.8(16.5) mg/dL. After a mean follow-up of 6.8 years (maximum 12.3 years), 501 (37.1%) of men died prior to age 90. In multi-variable adjusted analyses, men in the highest HDL-C quartile (≥54.1 mg/dL) had a 28% lower risk (HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.55-0.95) of all-cause mortality prior to age 90 compared to men in the lowest HDL-C quartile (&lt;32.8 mg/dL). From the lowest to highest HDL quartile, age-adjusted HR(95%CI) for CVD mortality prior to age 90 were 0.66 (0.44-0.99), 0.58 (0.38-0.90), and 0.53 (0.34-0.82) (p for trend 0.004). There was no significant association between baseline HDL cholesterol and non-CVD death. CONCLUSION: In a cohort of older male physicians with long-term follow-up, baseline HDL cholesterol was inversely associated with the risk of dying prior to age 90, largely explained by an inverse association between HDL and CVD mortality.