tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
LIGAND-INDUCED MOVEMENT OF LYMPHOCYTE SURFACE MACROMOLECULES
Authors: Emil R. Unanue, Kenneth A. Ault, Morris J. Karnovsky
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1974)

Microscopic examination of spleen lymphocytes discloses a small number moving at random at a given time. The majority of lymphocytes with this spontaneous movement are thymic derived. Addition of anti-Ig antibodies stimulates random movement of B lymphocytes. This movement depends upon a bivalent antibody and a metabolically active cell. The movement is inhibited by DFP, suggesting the involvement of a serine esterase. Also the anti-Ig stimulated movement of the lymphocyte is inhibited by cytochalasin B or by not allowing the cells to settle onto a surface. Lymphocytes treated with DFP or cytochalasin B, or untreated lymphocytes in suspension, capped the anti-Ig-Ig complexes. Hence, one can dissociate the surface capping of anti-Ig-Ig complexes from cell movement. We postulate that capping may result from superficial movements of the surface and/or from membrane flow, both of which are not related to actual translation of the cell on a surface. Four effects have now been observed following combination of a ligand with the antigen receptor on the B lymphocytes: redistribution on the surface of the complexes; pinocytosis and catabolism; shedding into the extracellular environment; and stimulation of translational movement.
Randomised comparison of thalidomide versus placebo in toxic epidermal necrolysis
Authors: Pierre Wolkenstein, Jacques Latarjet, Jean-Claude Roujeau, Corinne Duguet, Sylvie Boudeau, Loöc Vaillant, Michel Maignan, Marie-Hélène Schuhmacher, Brigitte Milpied, Alain Pilorget, Hélène Bocquet, Christian Brun-Buisson, Jean Revuz
Journal: The Lancet (1998)
The immune response of allophenic mice to 2,4-dinitrophenyl (DNP)-bovine gamma globulin. I. Allotype analysis of anti-DNP antibody
Authors: CM Warner, TJ Berntson, L Eakley, JL McIvor, RC Newton
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1978)

The question of whether or not lymphoid cells can cooperate across a histocompatibility difference barrier has been studied in several laboratories. Using an adoptive transfer system, Katz et al. (1) first showed that T cells from (low responder × high responder) F(1) mice, primed to the terpolymer L-glutamic acid, L-lysine, L-tyrosine (GLT), could collaborate with 2,4-dinitrophenyl (DNP)-primed B cells from a high responder, but not a low responder strain, in response to DNP-GLT. The response to GLT is under H- 2-1inked Ir gene control. In contrast, studies with mouse bone marrow chimeras have shown that T cells can interact with H-2-histoincompatible B cells in response to antigens not under Ir gene control (2-4). Another type of chimera, the allophenic mouse, has been used to study possible histoincompatible cell interactions to a number of antigens, including DNP-L- glutamic acid, L-lysine, L-alanine; L-glutamic acid, L-alanine, L-tyrosine; L-glutamic acid, L-lysine, L-phenylalanine; and poly-L (Tyr, Glu)-poly D,L- Ala-poly-L-Lys[T,G)-A-L] (5-9). The response to each of these antigens is under H-2-1inked Ir gene control. It was initially reported (8, 9) that in allophenic mice containing both high and low responder cells, the antibody to (T,G)-A-L was of both the high and low responder allotype. This was interpreted to mean that high responder T cells had cooperated with low responder B cells across a histocompatibility difference barrier in the environment of the allophenic mice. However, Press and McDevitt (10) have recently reported that additional and more accurate analyses of these allophenic mouse sera failed to detect any anti-(T,G)-A-L antibody of the low responder allotype. Moreover, in an experiment using bone marrow chimeras, there was no low responder allotype antibody produced in response to (T,G)-A- L(10). The present study was undertaken to test the immune response of allophonic mice to an antigen, DNP-bovine gamma globulin (DNP(56)BGG), known to be controlled by genes both inside and outside the H-2 complex (11, 12).(1) When high and low responder cells to DNP(56)BGG are present in allophenic mice, only antibody of the high responder allotype is produced. The results suggest that cell cooperation in allophenic mice cannot occur across a histocompatibility difference barrier in response to an antigen whose genetic control is at least partially within the H-2 complex.
Galaxy: a comprehensive approach for supporting accessible, reproducible, and transparent computational research in the life sciences
Authors: Jeremy Goecks, Anton Nekrutenko, James Taylor
Journal: Genome biology (2010)

Abstract Increased reliance on computational approaches in the life sciences has revealed grave concerns about how accessible and reproducible computation-reliant results truly are. Galaxy http://usegalaxy.org , an open web-based platform for genomic research, addresses these problems. Galaxy automatically tracks and manages data provenance and provides support for capturing the context and intent of computational methods. Galaxy Pages are interactive, web-based documents that provide users with a medium to communicate a complete computational analysis.
Periodontal self‐care: evidence‐based support
Authors: Connie L. Drisko
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2013)

Abstract The focus of this review on periodontal self‐care will be based primarily on the results of systematic reviews and meta‐analyses. Based on the evidence gleaned from systematic reviews, it is notable that most authors of these reviews commented on the relatively small number of trials that could pass the quality‐assessment inclusion in the systematic review. Interproximal devices, namely interproximal brushes, are more effective for reducing interproximal plaque and gingivitis than are flossing or brushing alone. Some added benefit may be attributed to the use of rotational oscillation powered toothbrushes over manual toothbrushes. Recommendations by the dentist and dental hygienist to add one or more chemotherapeutic agents to the typical oral hygiene regimen has been shown, in systematic reviews and meta‐analyses, to reduce the level of plaque and gingival inflammation in patients. Oral irrigation does not seem to reduce visible plaque but does tend to reduce inflammation, determined by the presence of bleeding on probing, the gingival index score and probing depth measurements. To date, high‐quality evidence is either lacking or weak in some areas regarding the efficacy of self‐care and periodontal disease. Low educational attainment, smoking and socio‐economic status are related to adverse periodontal health outcomes. Variation in self‐esteem, self‐confidence and perfectionism are associated with oral health status and oral health behaviors. Better understanding of the psychological factors associated with oral hygiene would be of benefit in further developing strategies to help patients improve their oral hygiene in addition to helping professionals design better programs on prevention and education.
Octreotide Therapy for Tumor-Induced Osteomalacia
Authors: Jochen Seufert, Katja Ebert, Justus Müller, Jochen Eulert, Christian Hendrich, Edgar Werner, Norbert Schütze, Georg Schulz, Werner Kenn, Hubert Richtmann, Klaus-Dieter Palitzsch, Franz Jakob
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

This Brief Report describes a patient with the rare syndrome of tumor-induced osteomalacia, which is accompanied by phosphaturia and hypophosphatemia. Renal phosphate wasting, presumably caused by phosphatonins, was abolished by octreotide, a synthetic somatostatin analogue, before successful surgical removal of a benign hemangiopericytoma.
Cytomegalovirus in Renal Transplantation
Authors: DANIEL C. BRENNAN
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2001)

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) was first isolated from the salivary gland and kidney of two dying infants with cytomegalic inclusion bodies and reported in 1956 (1). Two other laboratories isolated CMV at approximately the same time. Thus, CMV was initially called "salivary gland virus" or "salivary gland inclusion disease virus". In 1960, Weller et al. (2) proposed the use of the term cytomegalovirus. Klemola and Kaarianinen (3) first described CMV mononucleosis, the principal presentation of previously healthy individuals, in 1965. CMV was first isolated in a renal transplant patient in 1965,
Serotypes of &lt;EMPH TYPE="ITAL"&gt;Chlamydia trachomatis&lt;/EMPH&gt; and Risk for Development of Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Tarja Anttila
Journal: JAMA (2001)

ContextHuman papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been established as a cause of cervical cancer. Epidemiologic studies suggest that Chlamydia trachomatis infection also confers increased risk for cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Whether this risk is serotype-specific is unknown.ObjectiveTo study the association between exposure to different C trachomatis serotypes and subsequent development of cervical SCC.Design and SettingLongitudinal, nested case-control study within a cohort of 530 000 women who provided samples to serum banks in Finland, Norway, and Sweden. The data files were linked to respective national cancer registries.SubjectsOne hundred twenty-eight women who had developed invasive cervical SCC at least 12 months following serum donation. Each case had 3 matched controls.Main Outcome MeasureRisk for the development of cervical SCC by IgG antibodies to 10 different C trachomatis serotypes, adjusted for antibodies to HPV types 16, 18, and 33 and for serum cotinine levels.ResultsOf specific C trachomatis serotypes, serotype G was most strongly associated with SCC (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 6.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.6-27.0). Other serotypes associated with SCC were I (OR, 3.8; 95% CI, 1.3-11.0) and D (OR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.3-5.6). Presence of serum IgG antibodies to more than 1 serotype increased the adjusted ORs for SCC (P&lt;.001 for trend).ConclusionsChlamydia trachomatis serotype G is most strongly associated with subsequent development of cervical SCC. Increasing numbers of exposures to different C trachomatis serotypes also increases risk. Our results strengthen the evidence that there is a link between past C trachomatis infection and cervical SCC.
Plasma membrane bleb formation and rupture: A common feature of hepatocellular injury
Authors: Gregory J. Gores, Brian Herman, John J. Lemasters
Journal: Hepatology (1990)

Plasma membrane blebbing, the development of blister-like or bubble-like protrusions on the cell surface, is an early morphological alteration of cell injury.During toxic, viral and hypoxic injury to hepatocytes, blebbing is a prominent and virtually universal phenomenon (vide infru).Information regarding blebbing is important to our understanding of the cell biology of liver injury and has many pathophysiological implications.Moreover, many new and recent developments have occurred in this area of hepatology in the past 10 yr.For these reasons, it is timely to summarize current knowledge regarding hepatocellular blebbing.Overall, we have emphasized those aspects of blebbing that are of particular interest to the hepatologist.In addition to being a significant morphological feature of liver injury, bleb formation also occurs in many other tissues during toxic and anoxic injury.Plasma membrane bleb formation has been well described in brain, heart and kidney tissue during cell injury (1-3).The formation of blebs may have unique injurious consequences specific for the organ in which they develop.For example, blebs developing during ischemic injury to proximal renal tubule cells may be shed into the tubules, promoting formation of tubular casts and obstruction of the tubules (3).However, some differences exist in bleb formation between the liver and other organs as will be emphasized in the sections that follow. DEFINITION AND MORPHOLOGYCell surface membrane blebbing was first reported in cultured chick embryo fibroblasts in 1923 by Lewis (4).He described the appearance of "fluid blebs" that flowed out from the edge of the cells in response to an alkaline
Chemokine CXCL10 Promotes Atherogenesis by Modulating the Local Balance of Effector and Regulatory T Cells
Authors: Eric A. Heller, Emerson Liu, Andrew M. Tager, Qian Yuan, Alexander Y. Lin, Neil Ahluwalia, Krister Jones, Stephanie L. Koehn, Vincent M. Lok, Elena Aikawa, Kathryn J. Moore, Andrew D. Luster, Robert E. Gerszten
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Studies to define the overall contribution of lymphocytes to lesion formation in atherosclerosis-susceptible mice have demonstrated relatively subtle effects; the use of lymphocyte-deficient mice, however, compromises both the effector and regulatory arms of the immune system. Here, we tested the hypothesis that deletion of CXCL10 (IP-10), a chemokine specific for effector T cells that has been localized within atherosclerotic lesions, would significantly inhibit atherogenesis.Compound deficient Apoe(-/-)/Cxcl10(-/-) mice fed a Western-style diet for either 6 or 12 weeks demonstrated significant reductions in atherogenesis as compared with Apoe(-/-) controls, as assessed by both aortic en face and cross-sectional analyses. Immunohistochemical studies revealed a decrease in the accumulation of CD4+ T cells, whereas quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of lesion-rich aortic arches demonstrated a marked reduction in mRNA for CXCR3, the CXCL10 chemokine receptor. Although overall T-cell accumulation was diminished significantly, we found evidence to suggest that regulatory T-cell (Treg) numbers and activity were enhanced, as assessed by increased message for the Treg-specific marker Foxp3, as well as increases in immunostaining for the Treg-associated cytokines interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-beta1. We also documented naturally occurring Treg cells in human atherosclerotic lesions.We provide novel evidence for a functional role for the effector T-cell chemoattractant CXCL10 in atherosclerotic lesion formation by modulating the local balance of the effector and regulatory arms of the immune system.
Sertraline Treatment of Generalized Social Phobia: A 20-Week, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study
Authors: Michael A. Van Ameringen, Roger M. Lane, John R. Walker, Rudradeo C. Bowen, Pratap Rao Chokka, Elliot M. Goldner, David G. Johnston, Yvon-Jacques Lavallee, Saibal Nandy, John C. Pecknold, Vratislav Hadrava, Richard P. Swinson
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2001)

OBJECTIVE: The authors evaluated the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of sertraline, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, in the treatment of generalized social phobia. METHOD: Adult outpatients with generalized social phobia (N=204) from 10 Canadian centers were randomly assigned to receive sertraline or placebo in a 2:1 ratio for a 20-week double-blind study following a 1-week, single-blind, placebo run-in. The initial dose of sertraline was 50 mg/day with increases of 50 mg/day every 3 weeks permitted after the fourth week of treatment (dosing was flexible up to a maximum of 200 mg/day). Primary efficacy assessments were the percentage of patients rated much or very much improved on the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) improvement item and the mean changes from baseline to study endpoint in total score on the social phobia subscale of the Marks Fear Questionnaire and total score on the Brief Social Phobia Scale. RESULTS: In intent-to-treat endpoint analyses of 203 of the patients, significantly more of the 134 patients given sertraline (N=71 [53%]) than of the 69 patients receiving placebo (N=20 [29%]) were considered responders according to their CGI improvement scores at the end of treatment. The mean reductions in the social phobia subscale of the Marks Fear Questionnaire and in the total score on the Brief Social Phobia Scale were 32.6% and 34.3% in the sertraline group and 10.8% and 18.6% in the placebo group, respectively. Analysis of covariance showed superiority of sertraline over placebo on all primary and secondary efficacy measures. Sertraline was well tolerated: 103 (76%) of the 135 sertraline-treated patients and 54 (78%) of the 69 placebo-treated patients completed the study. CONCLUSIONS: Sertraline is an effective treatment for patients with generalized social phobia.
Topical treatment of psoriatic plaques with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3: a cell biological study
Authors: M.J.P. GERRITSEN, H.F.C. RULO, I. VLIJMEN-WILLEMS, P.E.J. ERP, P.C.M. KERKHOF
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1993)

Journal Article Topical treatment of psoriatic plaques with 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3: a cell biological study Get access M.J.P. GERRITSEN, M.J.P. GERRITSEN Department of Dermatology, University of Nijmegen The Netherlands Dr M.J.P. Gerritsen, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101,6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H.F.C. RULO, H.F.C. RULO Department of Dermatology, University of Nijmegen The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I. VAN VLIJMEN‐WILLEMS, I. VAN VLIJMEN‐WILLEMS Department of Dermatology, University of Nijmegen The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.E.J. VAN ERP, P.E.J. VAN ERP Department of Dermatology, University of Nijmegen The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.C.M. VAN DE KERKHOF P.C.M. VAN DE KERKHOF Department of Dermatology, University of Nijmegen The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 128, Issue 6, 1 June 1993, Pages 666–673, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb00263.x Published: 01 June 1993 Article history Accepted: 05 October 1992 Published: 01 June 1993
Predictive Power of the Relative Lymphocyte Concentration in Patients With Advanced Heart Failure
Authors: Steve R. Ommen, David O. Hodge, Richard J. Rodeheffer, Christopher G. A. McGregor, Stephen P. Thomson, Raymond J. Gibbons
Journal: Circulation (1998)

The physiological stress suffered by patients with heart failure results in an increased production of cortisol and a shift in the leukocyte differential toward a decreased percentage of lymphocytes (%L). The purpose of this study was to determine the prognostic significance of a low %L in advanced heart failure.Patients evaluated in our cardiac transplantation clinic between April 1988 and July 1995 were retrospectively reviewed (n=263). Fifty-two patients were excluded because they had recent trauma, infection, surgery, myocardial infarction, corticosteroid use, or history of malignancy. In the remaining 211 patients, we used Cox proportional hazards analysis to examine the association between survival and transplant-free survival with baseline variables. Univariate analysis showed a significant association between time to death and %L (P=.004), New York Heart Association (NYHA) class (P=.002), and maximal oxygen uptake (P=.05). Univariate analysis of the end point of survival free from transplantation yielded similar results. One- and 4-year survival rates for patients with a low %L (<20.3%) were 78% and 34% compared with 90% and 73% for those with a normal %L. Multivariate analysis showed NYHA class (P<.008) and %L (P<.01) were independent predictors of survival and survival free from cardiac transplantation.The relative lymphocyte concentration is an inexpensive, readily available, simple prognostic marker in patients with symptomatic heart failure who do not have recent trauma, infection, surgery, myocardial infarction, corticosteroid use, or history of malignancy. It could be incorporated into clinical models to predict patient outcome and to aid in the selection of patients for cardiac transplantation.
Toll-Like Receptor 4 Promotes Tubular Inflammation in Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Miao Lin, Wai Han Yiu, Hao Jia Wu, Loretta Y.Y. Chan, Joseph C.K. Leung, Wo Shing Au, Kwok Wah Chan, Kar Neng Lai, Sydney C.W. Tang
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2011)

Inflammation contributes to the tubulointerstitial lesions of diabetic nephropathy. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) modulate immune responses and inflammatory diseases, but their role in diabetic nephropathy is not well understood. In this study, we found increased expression of TLR4 but not of TLR2 in the renal tubules of human kidneys with diabetic nephropathy compared with expression of TLR4 and TLR2 in normal kidney and in kidney disease from other causes. The intensity of tubular TLR4 expression correlated directly with interstitial macrophage infiltration and hemoglobin A1c level and inversely with estimated glomerular filtration rate. The tubules also upregulated the endogenous TLR4 ligand high-mobility group box 1 in diabetic nephropathy. In vitro, high glucose induced TLR4 expression via protein kinase C activation in a time- and dose-dependent manner, resulting in upregulation of IL-6 and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL-2) expression via IκB/NF-κB activation in human proximal tubular epithelial cells. Silencing of TLR4 with small interfering RNA attenuated high glucose–induced IκB/NF-κB activation, inhibited the downstream synthesis of IL-6 and CCL-2, and impaired the ability of conditioned media from high glucose–treated proximal tubule cells to induce transmigration of mononuclear cells. We observed similar effects using a TLR4-neutralizing antibody. Finally, streptozotocin-induced diabetic and uninephrectomized TLR4-deficient mice had significantly less albuminuria, renal dysfunction, renal cortical NF-κB activation, tubular CCL-2 expression, and interstitial macrophage infiltration than wild-type animals. Taken together, these data suggest that a TLR4-mediated pathway may promote tubulointerstitial inflammation in diabetic nephropathy.
Serologic identification of the human secondary B cell antigens. Correlations between function, genetics, and structure.
Authors: S Shaw, R DeMars, S F Schlossman, P L Smith, L A Lampson, L M Nadler
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1982)

The secondary B cell (SB) antigens are polymorphic HLA-linked antigens on human B cells and macrophages that are identified by primed T cell responses but are genetically distinct from the HLA-DR, MB, and MT antigens. Serologic identification of the SB molecule, using the monoclonal antibody ILR1, now makes it possible to correlate the function of these determinants in human T cell recognition with an Ia-like molecular structure and a genetic locus that marks a new HLA subregion. Three lines of evidence indicate that the ILR1 molecule identifies an epitope on some alleles of the SB gene: (a) the polymorphism of ILR1 -reactivity in the population correlates with SB2 SB3; (b) T cell proliferative response to SB2 and SB3 are specifically inhibited by ILR1; and (c) ILR1 reactivity is exactly concordant with the expression of SB2 in a panel of HLA-deletion mutant lymphoblastoid cell line. Together with previous studies, these results indicate that the SB antigens are on Ia-like molecules. Furthermore, the serologic studies of HLA-deletion mutant cell lines demonstrate that there are two HLA regions centromeric to HLA-B controlling expression of Ia-like molecules: a region toward HLA-B that controls expression of HLA-DR, and a region toward GLO that controls expression of SB.