tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Government is accused of manipulating figures on NHS winter pressures
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2015)

A row has erupted over the monitoring of the NHS during the winter months after key figures on waiting times were dropped from weekly updates.

NHS England maintains that the changes to winter performance figures are designed to reduce the administrative burden on hospitals during their busiest time of year. But the government has been accused of covering up poor performance in an attempt to limit bad news.

In September NHS England said that weekly data on how hospitals are performing, which will appear from 11 December, would be changing. The agency has since confirmed that …
Carfilzomib and dexamethasone versus bortezomib and dexamethasone for patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (ENDEAVOR): a randomised, phase 3, open-label, multicentre study
Authors: Meletios A Dimopoulos, Philippe Moreau, Antonio Palumbo, Douglas Joshua, Ludek Pour, Roman Hájek, Thierry Facon, Heinz Ludwig, Albert Oriol, Hartmut Goldschmidt, Laura Rosiñol, Jan Straub, Aleksandr Suvorov, Carla Araujo, Elena Rimashevskaya, Tomas Pika, Gianluca Gaidano, Katja Weisel, Vesselina Goranova-Marinova, Anthony Schwarer, Leonard Minuk, Tamás Masszi, Ievgenii Karamanesht, Massimo Offidani, Vania Hungria, Andrew Spencer, Robert Z Orlowski, Heidi H Gillenwater, Nehal Mohamed, Shibao Feng, Wee-Joo Chng
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2015)
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study of triptolide-loaded liposome hydrogel patch under microneedles on rats with collagen-induced arthritis
Authors: Gui Chen, Baohua Hao, Dahong Ju, Meijie Liu, Hongyan Zhao, Zhongping Du, Jizi Xia
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2015)

Triptolide (TP), a major active component of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.F. (TWHF), is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, it has a narrow therapeutic window due to its serious toxicities. To increase the therapeutic index, a new triptolide-loaded transdermal delivery system, named triptolide-loaded liposome hydrogel patch (TP-LHP), has been developed. In this paper, we used a micro-needle array to deliver TP-LHP to promote transdermal absorption and evaluated this treatment on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of TP-LHP in a rat model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). The pharmacokinetic results showed that transdermal delivery of microneedle TP-LHP yielded plasma drug levels which fit a one-compartment open model. The relationship equation between plasma concentration and time was C=303.59×(e(-0.064t) -e(-0.287t) ). The results of pharmacodynamic study demonstrated that TP-LHP treatment mitigated the degree of joint swelling and suppressed the expressions of fetal liver kinase-1, fetal liver tyrosine kinase-4 and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in synovium. Other indicators were also reduced by TP-LHP, including hyperfunction of immune, interleukin-1β and interleukin-6 levels in serum. The therapeutic mechanism of TP-LHP might be regulation of the balance between Th1 and Th2, as well as inhibition of the expression and biological effects of vascular endothelial growth factor.
A new outbreak of brucellosis in Bulgaria detected in July 2015 – preliminary report
Authors: Rumiana Nenova, Iskra Tomova, Raina Saparevska, Todor Kantardjiev
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2015)

During July 2015 a brucellosis outbreak was detected in Kyustendil district, west Bulgaria. As of 15 August, 31 patients have been diagnosed all with an epidemiological connection to Rila town. Patients have not travelled/worked abroad. Breeding family-owned goats and/or improper use of their milk appear to be the main risk factors for transmission of the infection. This second autochthonous brucellosis outbreak in Bulgaria since 2006, affects the western part of the country.
Angiogenic Type I Collagen Extracellular Matrix Integrated with Recombinant Bacteriophages Displaying Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
Authors: Junghyo Yoon, Nuriye Korkmaz Zirpel, Hyun‐Ji Park, Sewoon Han, Kyung Hoon Hwang, Jisoo Shin, Seung‐Woo Cho, Chang‐Hoon Nam, Seok Chung
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2015)

Here, a growth‐factor‐integrated natural extracellular matrix of type I collagen is presented that induces angiogenesis. The developed matrix adapts type I collagen nanofibers integrated with synthetic colloidal particles of recombinant bacteriophages that display vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The integration is achieved during or after gelation of the type I collagen and the matrix enables spatial delivery of VEGF into a desired region. Endothelial cells that contact the VEGF are found to invade into the matrix to form tube‐like structures both in vitro and in vivo, proving the angiogenic potential of the matrix.
Babies sleeping with parents and sudden infant death syndrome
Authors: N Carter
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Plan represents considerable privatisationEditor-Dixon and Dewar's editorial welcomes the considerable injection of money promised in the NHS plan and claims that the plan is true to the NHS's founding principles. 1 Yet Aneurin Bevan's greatest achievement, and not one demanded of him by the Beveridge report, was the nationalisation of hospitals.He recognised that ownership was important, because with ownership comes control.The NHS plan promises 100 new hospitals by 2010 (69 of which are already in the pipeline).This will involve £7bn of new investment under the private finance initiative.Together with the new plans for some NHS operating to be carried out in the private sector, the NHS plan represents a larger privatisation than even the Tories planned.Curiously, the plan also recognises the failure of past privatisations.I remember unsuccessfully voting against the privatisation of cleaning at the London Hospital when I was a board member of the old Tower Hamlets Health Authority.Squalid wards followed, and they remain with us now.The plan recognises that this policy was a disaster.Altogether £30m of cash is to be injected into hospital trusts before the next election to pay for the consequences of this mistaken minor privatisation.How much money will we have to spend in five, 10, or 20 years' time to correct the disastrous policy of major privatisation that we are now heading for?Mr Milburn, think again, before it is too late.
Genotypic anomaly in Ebola virus strains circulating in Magazine Wharf area, Freetown, Sierra Leone, 2015
Authors: Saskia L Smits, Suzan D Pas, Chantal B Reusken, Bart L Haagmans, Peirro Pertile, Corrado Cancedda, Kerry Dierberg, Isata Wurie, Abdul Kamara, David Kargbo, Sarah L Caddy, Armando Arias, Lucy Thorne, Jia Lu, Umaru Jah, Ian Goodfellow, Marion P Koopmans
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2015)

The Magazine Wharf area, Freetown, Sierra Leone was a focus of ongoing Ebola virus transmission from late June 2015. Viral genomes linked to this area contain a series of 13 T to C substitutions in a 150 base pair intergenic region downstream of viral protein 40 open reading frame, similar to the Ebolavirus/H.sapiens-wt/SLE/2014/Makona-J0169 strain (J0169) detected in the same town in November 2014. This suggests that recently circulating viruses from Freetown descend from a J0169-like virus.
O 6-Benzylguanine Potentiates the In Vivo Toxicity and Clastogenicity of Temozolomide and BCNU in Mouse Bone Marrow
Authors: Nachimuthu Chinnasamy, Joseph A. Rafferty, Ian Hickson, John Ashby, Helen Tinwell, Geoffrey P. Margison, T. Michael Dexter, Leslie J. Fairbairn
Journal: Blood (1997)
STUDIES ON INFLAMMATION
Authors: Valy Menkin
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1931)

Microscopic studies show the presence of a network of fibrin within the tissues and numerous thrombosed lymphatics at the site of inflammation. Precipitated iron compounds, possibly coagulated horse serum, or particulate matter caught in this fibrinous reticulum will disseminate less readily than trypan blue from the site of inflammation. Trypan blue injected at the periphery of an inflamed area fails to enter the site of inflammation. This failure of penetration is caused by the occlusion of lymphatic vessels and by the presence of a fine network of fibrin in the tissue spaces of the inflamed area. Fixation of foreign substances by the inflammatory reaction is therefore primarily due to mechanical obstruction caused by a network of fibrin and by thrombosed lymphatics at the site of inflammation. There is another phase of the problem which still requires more accurate information. This concerns the relation between exudation from blood vessels and changes in flow of lymph from the inflamed area. Further experiments are being conducted to investigate this question. The reaction of fixation which occurs extremely early in the inflammatory process circumscribes the irritating substance and allows a definite period of time for the leucocytes to assemble for the purpose of phagocytosis. It is through a delicate regulating mechanism of this kind that, to use the expression of Opie (7), "the vital organs are protected at the expense of local injury."
Pimping in Medical Education
Authors: Cian P. McCarthy, John W. McEvoy
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Suppression of the noninvolved pair of the myeloma isotype correlates with poor survival in newly diagnosed and relapsed/refractory patients with myeloma
Authors: Heinz Ludwig, Dejan Milosavljevic, Oscar Berlanga, Niklas Zojer, Wolfgang Hübl, Veronique Fritz, Stephen Harding
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2015)

Heavy light chain (HLC) assays allow precise measurement of the monoclonal and of the noninvolved polyclonal immunoglobulins of the same isotype as the M-protein (e.g., monoclonal IgAκ and polyclonal IgAλ in case of an IgAκ myeloma), which was not possible before. The noninvolved polyclonal immunoglobulin is termed 'HLC-matched pair'. We investigated the impact of the suppression of the HLC-matched pair on outcome in 203 patients with multiple myeloma, a phenomenon that likely reflects the host's attempt to control the myeloma clone. Severe (>50%) HLC-matched pair suppression was identified in 54.5% of the 156 newly diagnosed patients and was associated with significantly shorter survival (45.4 vs. 71.9 months, P = 0.019). This correlation was statistically significant in IgG patients (46.4 vs. 105.1 months, P = 0.017), but not in patients with IgA myelomas (32.9 vs. 54.1 months, P = 0.498). At best response, HLC-matched pair suppression improved only in patients with ≥VGPR, indicating partial or complete humoral immune reconstitution during remission in those with excellent response. Severe HLC-matched pair suppression retained its prognostic impact also during follow-up after first response. In the 47 pretreated patients with relapsed/refractory disease, a similar correlation between severe HLC suppression and survival was noted (22.8 vs. not reached, P = 0.028). Suppression of the polyclonal immunoglobulins of the other isotypes than the myeloma protein correlated neither with HLC-matched pair suppression, nor with outcome. Multivariate analysis identified severe HLC-matched pair suppression as independent risk factor for shorter survival, highlighting the impact of isotype specific immune dysregulation on outcome in multiple myeloma.
Ipilimumab Therapy in Patients With Advanced Melanoma and Preexisting Autoimmune Disorders
Authors: Douglas B. Johnson, Ryan J. Sullivan, Patrick A. Ott, Matteo S. Carlino, Nikhil I. Khushalani, Fei Ye, Alexander Guminski, Igor Puzanov, Donald P. Lawrence, Elizabeth I. Buchbinder, Tejaswi Mudigonda, Kristen Spencer, Carolin Bender, Jenny Lee, Howard L. Kaufman, Alexander M. Menzies, Jessica C. Hassel, Janice M. Mehnert, Jeffrey A. Sosman, Georgina V. Long, Joseph I. Clark
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2015)

Ipilimumab and other immune therapies are effective treatment options for patients with advanced melanoma but cause frequent immune-related toxic effects. Autoimmune diseases are common, and the safety and efficacy of ipilimumab therapy in patients with preexisting autoimmune disorders is not known.To determine the safety and efficacy of ipilimumab therapy in patients with advanced melanoma with preexisting autoimmune disorders.Retrospective review of patients with advanced melanoma and preexisting autoimmune disorders who received ipilimumab at 9 academic tertiary referral centers from January 1, 2012, through August 1, 2015. The data analysis was performed on August 24, 2015.Ipilimumab therapy.Safety, in terms of frequency of autoimmune flares and conventional immune-related adverse events (irAEs), and efficacy, in terms of response rates and overall survival, were evaluated descriptively.Of the 30 patients who received ipilimumab (17 [57%] male; median [range] age, 59.5 [30-80] y), 6 had rheumatoid arthritis, 5 had psoriasis, 6 had inflammatory bowel disease, 2 had systemic lupus erythematosus, 2 had multiple sclerosis, 2 had autoimmune thyroiditis, and 7 had other conditions. Thirteen patients (43%) were receiving immunosuppressive therapy at the time of initiation of ipilimumab therapy, most commonly low-dose prednisone or hydroxychloroquine. With ipilimumab treatment, 8 patients (27%) experienced exacerbations of their autoimmune condition necessitating systemic treatment; all were managed with corticosteroids. Conventional grade 3 to 5 irAEs occurred in 10 patients (33%) and were reversible with corticosteroids or with infliximab therapy in 2 cases. One patient with baseline psoriasis died of presumed immune-related colitis after a 1-week delay prior to reporting symptoms. Fifteen patients (50%) had neither autoimmune disease flares nor irAEs. Six patients experienced an objective response (20%), including 1 with a durable complete response.To our knowledge, this is the largest series of patients with preexisting autoimmune disease treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Ipilimumab was clinically active and was associated with exacerbations of autoimmune disease and conventional ipilimumab-induced irAEs that were readily manageable with standard therapies when started in a timely fashion. Ipilimumab therapy may be considered in this setting with vigilant clinical monitoring.
Value of 3D TEE for LAA Morphology
Authors: Margot Sommer, Adalbert Roehrich, Florian Boenner, Joel Aissa, Patric Kröpil, Gerald Antoch, Pablo Verde, Christian Ohmann, Jan Balzer, Dong-In Shin, Christian Meyer, Malte Kelm, Eva S Kehmeier
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2015)
Natural interferon-alpha in combination with melphalan/prednisone versus melphalan/prednisone in the treatment of multiple myeloma stages II and III: a randomized study from the Myeloma Group of Central Sweden
Authors: A Osterborg, M Bjorkholm, M Bjoreman, G Brenning, K Carlson, F Celsing, G Gahrton, G Grimfors, H Gyllenhammar, R Hast
Journal: Blood (1993)
Prognostic value of CA 19-9 kinetics during gemcitabine-based chemotherapy in patients with advanced cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Jae Woo Lee, Jun Hyuk Son, Ban Seok Lee, Sang Hyub Lee, Dong Kee Jang, Kwang Hyun Chung, Ji Kon Ryu, Yong-Tae Kim
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome
Authors: Derek M. Sorensen
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Adenosine Stress and Rest T1 Mapping Can Differentiate Between Ischemic, Infarcted, Remote, and Normal Myocardium Without the Need for Gadolinium Contrast Agents
Authors: Alexander Liu, Rohan S. Wijesurendra, Jane M. Francis, Matthew D. Robson, Stefan Neubauer, Stefan K. Piechnik, Vanessa M. Ferreira
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2015)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of T1 mapping at rest and during adenosine stress as a novel method for ischemia detection without the use of gadolinium contrast.In chronic coronary artery disease (CAD), accurate detection of ischemia is important because targeted revascularization improves clinical outcomes. Myocardial blood volume (MBV) may be a more comprehensive marker of ischemia than myocardial blood flow. T1 mapping using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is highly sensitive to changes in myocardial water content, including MBV. We propose that T1 mapping at rest and during adenosine vasodilatory stress can detect MBV changes in normal and diseased myocardium in CAD.Twenty normal controls (10 at 1.5-T; 10 at 3.0-T) and 10 CAD patients (1.5-T) underwent conventional CMR to assess for left ventricular function (cine), infarction (late gadolinium enhancement [LGE]) and ischemia (myocardial perfusion reserve index [MPRI] on first-pass perfusion imaging during adenosine stress). These were compared to novel pre-contrast stress/rest T1 mapping using the Shortened Modified Look-Locker Inversion recovery technique, which is heart rate independent. T1 values were derived for normal myocardium in controls and for infarcted, ischemic, and remote myocardium in CAD patients.Normal myocardium in controls (normal wall motion, MPRI, no LGE) showed normal resting T1 (954 ± 19 ms at 1.5-T; 1,189 ± 34 ms at 3.0-T) and significant positive T1 reactivity during adenosine stress compared to baseline (6.2 ± 0.5% at 1.5-T; 6.3 ± 1.1% at 3.0-T; all p < 0.0001). Infarcted myocardium showed the highest resting T1 of all tissue classes (1,442 ± 84 ms), without significant T1 reactivity (0.2 ± 1.5%). Ischemic myocardium showed elevated resting T1 compared to normal (987 ± 17 ms; p < 0.001) without significant T1 reactivity (0.2 ± 0.8%). Remote myocardium, although having comparable resting T1 to normal (955 ± 17 ms; p = 0.92), showed blunted T1 reactivity (3.9 ± 0.6%; p < 0.001).T1 mapping at rest and during adenosine stress can differentiate between normal, infarcted, ischemic, and remote myocardium with distinctive T1 profiles. Stress/rest T1 mapping holds promise for ischemia detection without the need for gadolinium contrast.
Sample Size Calculations for Detecting Disease‐Modifying Osteoarthritis Drug Effects on Knee Replacement Incidence in Clinical Trials: Data From the Osteoarthritis Initiative
Authors: Janina S. Ried, Klaus Flechsenhar, Eckart Bartnik, Daniel Crowther, Axel Dietrich, Felix Eckstein
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2015)

Objective To evaluate the extent to which the current designs of clinical trials in knee osteoarthritis (OA) permit detection of a therapeutic effect of disease‐modifying OA drugs (DMOADs) on the incidence of knee replacement, and to provide estimates of the required sample sizes. Methods We selected distinct subcohorts of the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI), based on available information on eligibility criteria for clinical knee OA trials ( ClinicalTrials.gov ) and additional subcohorts stratified for age, sex, and the severity of radiographic OA. The observed incidence of knee replacement in these OAI subcohorts was used to estimate the expected incidence of knee replacement in the control group of a clinical trial. Based on this estimate, the sample sizes required to detect hypothetical treatment effects on the incidence of knee replacement were calculated, assuming observation periods of 2, 5, or 7 years. Results The cumulative knee replacement incidence rates in the OAI subcohorts ranged from 0.9% to 12.9%. The corresponding sample sizes required to detect 50% improvement by the DMOAD, with a power of 80% and 95% confidence, were 5,459 and 362, respectively. Including only women with advanced age and radiographic OA increased the incidence of knee replacement and decreased the required sample size. Conclusion The sample sizes that are commonly used in clinical trials do not enable the effects of a DMOAD on incident knee replacement to be detected with sufficient power and confidence. The estimated incidence rates of knee replacement and the corresponding sample sizes are important for informing the design of trials for disease course–modifying effects as well as for socioeconomic evaluation of a DMOAD in terms of preventing knee replacement.
Endocardial Notch Signaling in Cardiac Development and Disease
Authors: Guillermo Luxán, Gaetano D’Amato, Donal MacGrogan, José Luis de la Pompa
Journal: Circulation Research (2015)

The Notch signaling pathway is an ancient and highly conserved signaling pathway that controls cell fate specification and tissue patterning in the embryo and in the adult. Region-specific endocardial Notch activity regulates heart morphogenesis through the interaction with multiple myocardial-, epicardial-, and neural crest–derived signals. Mutations in NOTCH signaling elements cause congenital heart disease in humans and mice, demonstrating its essential role in cardiac development. Studies in model systems have provided mechanistic understanding of Notch function in cardiac development, congenital heart disease, and heart regeneration. Notch patterns the embryonic endocardium into prospective territories for valve and chamber formation, and later regulates the signaling processes leading to outflow tract and valve morphogenesis and ventricular trabeculae compaction. Alterations in NOTCH signaling in the endocardium result in congenital structural malformations that can lead to disease in the neonate and adult heart.