tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Autologous Humoral Response to Human Gliomas and Analysis of Certain Cell Surface Antigens: In Vitro Study With the Use of Microcytotoxicity and Immune Adherence Assays23
Authors: Hugh B. Coakham, Paul L. Kornblith, Eugene A. Quindlen, Linda A. Pollock, William C. Wood, Liane C. Hartnett
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

In 25 patients with intracranial gliomas, the autologous humoral response was studied in vitro with the use of microcytotoxicity (MC) and immune adherence (IA) assays. Antibodies were detected to autologous cultures in 44% of the cases by MC and in 50% by IA. These positive responses occurred in statistically different groups of patients, which suggested that different functional types of antibody were involved. Direct testing and absorption experiments showed that antibody was not significantly directed against autologous fibroblasts. Autologous cytotoxic antibodies were detected by 67% of astrocytoma cases and in only 10% of patients harboring a glioblastoma, the most anaplastic tumor of the glioma series. By means of the IA assay, absorption experiments were performed with the use of adult and fetal brains and cultures of autologous and allogeneic gliomas and fibroblasts. In this serologic system, the types of antigenic expression of a human glioma could be categorized as follows: 1) highly restricted glioma antigen(s), 2) common glioma antigen(s), 3) neurectoderm-derived antigen(s), and 4) brain and fibroblast-associated oncofetal antigen(s). The common glioma antigen and oncofetal antigen appeared to be qualitatively different, and the glioma antigen was expressed in uncultured tumor tissue.
Registry of Gastric Cancer Treatment Evaluation (REGATE): Regional differences in surgical approaches.
Authors: M. Ter-Ovanesov, J. Kulig, F. Munasypov, Y. Bang, S. Yalcin, A. Roth, J. R. Zalcberg, E. B. Ecstein-Fraïssé, C. Wu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

4078 Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies and surgical resection is the treatment of choice and the gold standard for resectable cases. The REGATE international disease registry was designed to report patterns of treatment for patients (pts) with GC. Assessment of surgical approaches and their geographic variations may help to improve pt care. Methods: From August 2004 to July 2008, 10,124 pts with primary GC were enrolled in REGATE; data were collected at an initial visit and after an observation period of <10 months. GC prevalence in the 22 participating countries informed sample size. Global and regional data for surgical treatment in pts with GC are reported. Baseline characteristics, staging, diagnosis and nonsurgical treatments are described elsewhere. Results: Analyses were performed for 9,965 pts (98%) who had documentation on actual treatment received in Europe (E), Asia-Pacific (AP), Latin America (LA), on the Indian subcontinent (IS) and in North Africa (NA). Overall, surgery with curative intent was the most planned (68%) and performed (70%) treatment. Higher proportions of pts in E (35%) and AP (36%) had surgery alone than in LA (18%), NA (14%), and on the IS (9%). Almost all pts in E, LA, and NA (98–100%) had open surgery compared with 86% in AP and 67% on the IS; the remaining pts had laparoscopic surgery. Surgical techniques varied by region, and 83–90% of pts who had surgery had lymph node (LN) dissection, except on the IS (56%). Pathological AJCC staging was I 27%, II 17%, III 30% and IV 25%. In E, LA, NA and on the IS, most pts were stage III (31–43%), whereas most AP pts (45%) were stage I. Conclusions: Analyses of data from the REGATE registry show that while surgery remains the primary treatment for GC, there are regional differences in the approaches to surgical treatment, incidence of curative surgery, the surgical techniques used, frequency of R0 resection and the extent of LN dissection. E AP LA IS NA N (%) 3,181 (32) 3,082 (31) 1,943 (19) 1,135 (11) 624 (6) Surgery: Planned (%) 72 79 65 37 56 Actual (%) 72 80 65 36 64 Patients with surgery (N) 2016 2278 988 307 311 Gastrectomy total/subtotal (%) 63/37 28/72 57/42 14/86 46/52 R0 resection (%) 82 89 82 83 66 D2 LN dissection (%) 66 77 62 34 29 Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration sanofi-aventis sanofi-aventis sanofi-aventis sanofi-aventis sanofi-aventis
Combination of Gefitinib and Pemetrexed Prevents the Acquisition of TKI Resistance in NSCLC Cell Lines Carrying EGFR- Activating Mutation
Authors: Silvia La Monica, Denise Madeddu, Marcello Tiseo, Valentina Vivo, Maricla Galetti, Daniele Cretella, Mara Bonelli, Claudia Fumarola, Andrea Cavazzoni, Angela Falco, Andrea Gervasi, Costanza Annamaria Lagrasta, Nadia Naldi, Elisabetta Barocelli, Andrea Ardizzoni, Federico Quaini, Pier Giorgio Petronini, Roberta Alfieri
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2016)
Abstract 11324: Intracoronary Gene Delivery of VEGF-B167, a Selective VEGFR-1 Agonist, Exerts Potent Therapeutic Effects in Dogs With Pacing-Induced Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Felix Woitek, Lorena Zentilin, Jeffrey C Powers, Marykathryn Hurst, Nadja Ring, Amy Lam, Anna M Kulczycki, Abelkarim Sabri, Sandhya Vallem, Nicholas E Hoffman, Muniswamy Madesh, Mauro Giacca, Fabio A Recchia
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Vascular endothelial growth factor-B (VEGF-B) activates cytoprotective/antiapoptotic and minimally angiogenic mechanisms via VEGFR-1 receptors. Hypothetically, such properties render VEGF-B an idea...
Measurement of Depth, Thrust and Thoracic Impedance During Mechanical Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: Is Thoracic Impedance a Potential Indicator of Effective External Cardiac Massage in a Porcine Model of Cardiac Arrest?
Authors: R. Di Maio, A. Howe, P. Crawford, D. Brody, C. Navarro, D. McEneaney, Eddie Clutton, J. Anderson, J. Adgey
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Purpose of the Study: The 2010 AHA guidelines currently recommend a depth of at least 2 inches (5cm) during external cardiac massage. The purpose of this study was to determine if the use of an alt...
I Almost Missed It
Authors: Susan A. Glod
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2016)

Ad Libitum15 March 2016I Almost Missed ItSusan A. Glod, MDSusan A. Glod, MDFrom Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center Hershey, Pennsylvania.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M15-3121 Audio Reading - “I Almost Missed It” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "I Almost Missed It," by S.A. Glod. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail I almost missed it,The moment you first reached for his hand.Your sudden movement was reflectedIn the sleek curve of the smartphoneThat represented one of your children.I almost missed it,The moment you first stifled a sob.I was bent over the row of screens on the bedside tableAnswering all of their spoken questionsWhile failing to answer any of the unspoken ones.I almost missed it,The moment you first knew he was dying.We were all there in the room with youWhen you began to grieveAlone. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center Hershey, Pennsylvania.Current Author Address: Susan A. Glod, MD, Division of General Internal Medicine, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Mail Code H106, 500 University Drive, PO Box 850, Hershey, PA 17033-0850; e-mail, [email protected]psu.edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “I Almost Missed It” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "I Almost Missed It," by S.A. Glod. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 March 2016Volume 164, Issue 6Page: 441KeywordsChildren ePublished: 15 March 2016 Issue Published: 15 March 2016 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2016 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Authors’ reply to House
Authors: Veronica Ranieri, Helen Barratt, Naomi Fulop, Geraint Rees
Journal: BMJ (2016)

We agree with House that the topic of gender merits further attention in relation to early career clinical academic development.1 2 Our editorial emerged from a scoping review we recently conducted, which examined the factors that influence clinical academic career advancement in early career researchers. We were constrained from writing about each …
For Debate: Collecting ethnic group data for inpatients: is it useful?
Authors: C. Hilton
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Since April last year British hospitals have had to collect data on the ethnic group of every patient. Patients must categorise their own ethnic group using the categories of the 1991 census. Claire Hilton argues that such data collection is unhelpful and will not meet its stated aim of helping to provide equitable access to NHS services for all ethnic groups. Self categorisation is unreliable, and the number of ethnic groups available is inadequate, in particular for the white population. Additional data on the size of each ethnic group in the local population and on rates of illness in particular groups are necessary to assess whether services are being provided equitably. Moreover, ethnicity is a multidimensional concept, and information on patients' language and cultural and religious practices, as well as their place of origin, is necessary if services are to be culturally sensitive.
Ethical issues in family planning for hospitalized psychiatric patients
Authors: H Grunebaum, V Abernethy
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1975)

The authors present guidelines based on their experience with a family planning program for patients in mental hospitals. They believe that informed consent for these patients should include an adequate knowledge base, the patients' competence to make decisions, and the absence of coercion. Among safeguards are the reversibility of contraceptive procedures, the separation of the family planning counselor from the treatment staff to avoid possible covert coercion, and careful choice of the stage of hospitalization at which counseling occurs. The authors examine the implications of a patient's refusal to use contraception, noting the impossibility of involuntary contraception and the ethical and legal problems regarding sterilization procedures.
Gelatin Sheet Incorporating Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Enhances Healing of Devascularized Sternum in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Atsushi Iwakura, Yasuhiko Tabata, Nobushige Tamura, Kazuhiko Doi, Kazunobu Nishimura, Tatsuo Nakamura, Yasuhiko Shimizu, Masatoshi Fujita, Masashi Komeda
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background Poor healing of the sternum often limits the use of bilateral internal thoracic arteries (BITAs) after coronary bypass surgery in diabetic patients. We have reported that a gelatin sheet that incorporates basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) accelerates sternal healing after BITA removal in normal rats. This study evaluated the effects of the above method for sternal healing in diabetic animals. Methods and Results Diabetic Wistar rats with blood glucose levels &gt;400 mg/dL and body-weight loss &gt;20 g were established by a single intravenous injection of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg). After median sternotomy and BITA removal, 16 diabetic rats received either a gelatin sheet that incorporated bFGF (100 μg/sheet) on the posterior table of the sternum (FGF group, n=9) or no gelatin sheet (control, n=7). Peristernal blood flow, as measured by a noncontact laser Doppler 4 weeks after surgery in the FGF group, recovered to the preoperative level (106±10% versus 82±9%, P &lt;0.01), and marked angiogenesis was also observed around the sternum in the FGF group (30.5±3.2 versus 15.8±2.7 vessels/unit area, P &lt;0.01). Deep sternal wound complications developed in 5 control rats but only in 1 rat in the FGF group ( P &lt;0.05). In the FGF group, histological examination showed improved sternal healing (excellent in 6 rats and slow/poor healing in 3). Bone mineral content as assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptometry was greater in the FGF group (75.9±18.1 versus 48.9±10.7 mg, P &lt;0.05). Bone mineral density of the sternum was similar between the 2 groups. Conclusions A gelatin sheet that incorporates bFGF may offset sternal ischemia and accelerate sternal bone regeneration and healing, even in diabetic patients.
Early Stages of &lt;italic&gt;N&lt;/italic&gt;-2-Fluorenylacetamide-Induced Hepatocarcinogenesis in Male and Female Rats and Effect of Gonadectomy on Liver Neoplastic Conversion and Neoplastic Development&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: S Katayama, T Ohmori, Y Maeura, T Croci, G M Williams
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)

The early stages of N-2-fluorenylacetamide [(2-FAA) CAS: 59-96-3]-induced liver carcinogenesis in inbred F344 male and female rats and the effect of gonadectomy on liver carcinogen biotransformation capability and hepatocarcinogenesis were studied. Feeding of 2-FAA induced more altered hepatocellular foci characterized by exclusion of cellular iron and gamma-glutamyl-transferase activity in male rats than in female rats. At 6-22 weeks after cessation of carcinogen exposure, only males developed liver neoplastic nodules. Liver cytochrome P450, aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase, and uridine-5'-diphosphateglucuronosyltransferase activity toward p-nitrophenol, but not phenolphthalein, were greater in males than in females. Gonadectomy of males reduced the activities that were greater than in females, whereas none was significantly altered by gonadectomy of females. Gonadectomy of male rats prior to 2-FAA feeding suppressed the induction of both altered foci and neoplastic nodules, whereas in female rats gonadectomy prior to 2-FAA feeding enhanced the induction of foci. Gonadectomy of males after administration of 2-FAA slightly enhanced the persistence of foci at 6 and 12 weeks after removal of carcinogen, but it did not affect their persistence by 22 weeks post carcinogen or the incidence of neoplastic nodules. However, only the males that were gonadectomized after receiving 2-FAA developed hepatocellular carcinomas at 22 weeks. Gonadectomy of females after receiving 2-FAA did not affect the persistence of foci, and no liver neoplasms developed. Thus gonadectomy of male rats, which reduced liver carcinogen metabolism, when done before carcinogen feeding had the greatest effect on hepatocarcinogenesis.
Obstructive sleep apnoea and frequency of occupational injury
Authors: A J Hirsch Allen, Julie E Park, Patrick R Daniele, John Fleetham, C Frank Ryan, Najib T Ayas
Journal: Thorax (2016)

<h3>Abstract</h3> We sought to determine whether patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) are at increased risk of occupational injury (OI). Patients referred to the University of British Columbia Hospital Sleep Laboratory for suspected OSA (May 2003 to July 2011 were recruited and rates and types of validated OI (that caused at least 1 day of disability) in the 5 years prior to polysomnography were calculated. In a sample of 1236, patients with OSA were twice as likely (OR=1.93, 95% CI 1.06 to 3.50, p=0.03) to suffer at least one OI compared with patients without OSA. This association was attenuated (OR=1.76, CI 0.86 to 3.59, p=0.12) after controlling for confounders. In a secondary analysis, patients with OSA were almost three times more likely (OR=2.88, CI 1.02 to 8.08, p=0.05) to suffer from an injury more likely related to reduced vigilance (eg, a fall or commercial motor vehicle crash) when compared with patients without OSA, and this again was attenuated after controlling for confounders (OR=2.42, CI 0.085 to 6.93, p=0.10).
Empyema necessitatis: A rare entity
Authors: Kalliopi Athanassiadi, Stavroula Boulia, Iosif Galinos, Ilias Samiotis, Irini Mavromati, Theodoros Kakkavas, Vassilis Papastamopoulos, Maria Mis
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Empyema necessitatis is a rare complication of empyema in which the pleural infection spreads outside of the pleural space to involve the soft tissues of the chest wall. The most common cause of empyema necessitatis is mycobacterial infection, streptococus and staphylococcus infection. We present our experience in treating empyema necessitatis.  MATERIAL & METHOD: Out of 350 patients treated for postpneumonic empyema, 7 presented with empyema necessitatis. There were male ranging in age from 45 to 67 years and all but one were immunocompromized patients, either HIV-positive or drug addicted. The diagnosis was put during clinical examination and was confirmed by CT scan and paracentesis. All patients were primary drained and then were led to the operating room and submitted to mini-thoracotomy, drainage and decortication by using a videothoracoscope.  RESULTS: There was no mortality, while one of patients due to uncontrolled sepsis at the time of presentation needed a prolonged stay at the ICU. The hospitalization ranged from 10 to 31 days and there was no recurrence in a follow up of 6 months.  CONCLUSION: Empyema necessitatis should be suspected in any patient with pulmonary symptoms presenting with a chest wall mass as well as in patients with known skin and soft tissue infections of the chest wall. Imaging studies and sampling of the lesions by aspiration or biopsy are the mainstays of diagnosis. Appropriate antimicrobial therapy and surgical drainage of the empyema are the mainstays to a successful outcome in cases of empyema necessitatis.
Combination Treatment for HCV
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Soluble Adenylyl Cyclase Regulates Bile Salt‐Induced Apoptosis in Human Cholangiocytes
Authors: Jung‐Chin Chang, Simei Go, Dirk R. de Waart, Patricia Munoz‐Garrido, Ulrich Beuers, Coen C. Paulusma, Ronald Oude Elferink
Journal: Hepatology (2016)

Anion exchanger 2 (AE2), the principal bicarbonate secretor in the human biliary tree, is down‐regulated in primary biliary cholangitis. AE2 creates a “bicarbonate umbrella” that protects cholangiocytes from the proapoptotic effects of bile salts by maintaining them deprotonated. We observed that knockdown of AE2 sensitized immortalized H69 human cholangiocytes to not only bile salt‐induced apoptosis (BSIA) but also etoposide‐induced apoptosis. Because the toxicity of etoposide is pH‐independent, there could be a more general mechanism for sensitization of AE2‐depleted cholangiocytes to apoptotic stimuli. We found that AE2 deficiency led to intracellular bicarbonate accumulation and increased expression and activity of soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC), an evolutionarily conserved bicarbonate sensor. Thus, we hypothesized that sAC regulates BSIA. H69 cholangiocytes and primary mouse cholangiocytes were used as models. The sAC‐specific inhibitor KH7 not only reversed sensitization to BSIA in AE2‐depleted H69 cholangiocytes but even completely prevented BSIA. sAC knockdown by tetracycline‐inducible short hairpin RNA also prevented BSIA. In addition, sAC inhibition reversed BSIA membrane blebbing, nuclear condensation, and DNA fragmentation. Furthermore, sAC inhibition also prevented BSIA in primary mouse cholangiocytes. Mechanistically, sAC inhibition prevented Bax phosphorylation at Thr167 and mitochondrial translocation of Bax and cytochrome c release but not c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase activation during BSIA. Finally, BSIA in H69 cholangiocytes was inhibited by intracellular Ca 2+ chelation, aggravated by thapsigargin, and unaffected by removal of extracellular calcium. Conclusions: BSIA is regulated by sAC, depends on intracellular Ca 2+ stores, and is mediated by the intrinsic apoptotic pathway; down‐regulation of AE2 in primary biliary cholangitis sensitizes cholangiocytes to apoptotic insults by activating sAC, which may play a crucial role in disease pathogenesis. (H epatology 2016;64:522‐534)
METB-04COULD ALTERED FATTY ACID AND EICOSANOID METABOLISM PROVIDE NOVEL THERAPEUTIC TARGETS IN BRAIN TUMOURS?
Authors: Alexandros Panagopoulos, Renata Gomes, Fernando Almeida, Felipe Souza, Jose Veiga, Alison Colquhoun
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and most malignant glioma of the central nervous system. Meningiomas derived from the arachnoid cap cells are less aggressive tumours but atypical and malignant meningiomas have similar migratory, invasive and highly proliferative properties to that of GBMs and are also particularly difficult to treat. Recent investigations in our laboratory have focussed on the eicosanoid pathways present in gliomas and meningiomas. Techniques used include qRT-PCR, Immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, ESI-LC-MS/MS, GCMS and cell migration assays. We have identified several of the eicosanoids involved in the control of both cell proliferation and apoptosis in glioma cells. A strong relationship was found between prostaglandins of the E series and their receptors, and cell migration in GBM-derived cells. qRT-PCR analyses have identified mRNA's correlated with differences in survival in GBM patients. GCMS and ESI-LC-MS/MS analyses, to profile the fatty acids and eicosanoids present in primary brain tumours, have shown significant differences between tumour types and among tumour grades. High grade tumours have significantly altered HODE, HETE and HEPE contents in comparison with lower grade tumours. We are currently investigating the role of eicosanoids in the control of ABC transporters in glioma cells and primary brain tumours. The expression and activity of ABCB and ABCC transporters were altered by the presence of cyclooxygenase (COX) 1 and 2 inhibitors. The improved response to chemotherapeutic drugs found after interfering with eicosanoid production supports the hypothesis that altered eicosanoid metabolism could be an important approach to adjuvant therapy, which may lead to improvements in patient response to drug treatment in the future. Financial support: FAPESP, CAPES, CNPq.