tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Epiglottic cyst: rare, but potentially dangerous
Authors: Urs Borner, Basile Nicolas Landis
Journal: Thorax (2015)

A 34-year-old woman presented with a foreign body feeling and slight sore throat without dysphagia or dyspnoea. The symptoms had occurred a week earlier. About 2 years earlier, she had similar symptoms, which resolved spontaneously. Examination showed a round mass located on the …
Therapy-Related Myeloid Neoplasms: Report Of The Italian Network On Secondary Leukemias
Authors: Luana Fianchi, Maria Teresa Voso, Anna Candoni, Gianluca Gaidano, Marianna Criscuolo, Giorgina Specchia, Enrico Maria Pogliani, Bruno Monarca, Luca Maurillo, Cristina Mecucci, Massimo Breccia, Franco Aversa, Pellegrino Musto, Michela Rondoni, Pasquale Niscola, Claudio Fozza, Rosangela Invernizzi, Antonio Spadea, Susanna Fenu, Gabriele Buda, Marco Gobbi, Valeria Santini, Stefano Mancini, Enrica Morra, Livio Pagano, Giuseppe Leone
Journal: Blood (2013)
Standardization of terminology in dermoscopy/dermatoscopy: Results of the third consensus conference of the International Society of Dermoscopy
Authors: Harald Kittler, Ashfaq A. Marghoob, Giuseppe Argenziano, Cristina Carrera, Clara Curiel-Lewandrowski, Rainer Hofmann-Wellenhof, Josep Malvehy, Scott Menzies, Susana Puig, Harold Rabinovitz, Wilhelm Stolz, Toshiaki Saida, H. Peter Soyer, Eliot Siegel, William V. Stoecker, Alon Scope, Masaru Tanaka, Luc Thomas, Philipp Tschandl, Iris Zalaudek, Allan Halpern
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2016)
Contraception after breast cancer: Results of a survey among French gynecologists.
Authors: H. Hocini, A. Hamy, A. Gorins, D. Serfaty, H. Abuellellah, B. Tournant, F. Perret, S. Bonfils, M. Espie
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

9044 Background: Due to the frequency of breast cancer, and to the high proportion of premenopausal women, contraception in survivors is a major concern. In contrast, literature data are dramatically nonexistent. Classical options included local methods, copper or hormonal (LNG) intrauterine devices (IUD). Little is known about the use of estroprogestins or progestative only contraception. The aim of this survey is to describe French current practice regarding contraception after breast cancer. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted between 1 June 2002 and 1 January 2003. Premenopausal patients with previous history of breast cancer, still menstruating, and consulting for contraception desire were included. 2,500 forms were sent to French gynecologist members of the GERM, FNCGM, and SFG, and 197 responses were obtained. Results: Median age was 38,6 years old. Tumor characteristics were invasive carcinoma (88%) versus in situ carcinoma (11.9%), N+ disease (18.9%) versus N-(48.6%), HR + (51.8%), HR- (15.1%). The main used contraception was intrauterine device (72.9%, n = 135), (copper 64.8%/ LNG 8.1%). Hormonal contraception was prescribed in 21.6%, (progestins n = 37 (20%) or estroprogestins, n = 3, (1.6%)). Condoms, local contraception or fallopian ligature were used in 11.8%. Ipsilateral (n = 13), contralateral (n = 2) or distant recurrence (n = 11) occurred in 26 patients (13%). The rates of relapse were respectively 3% in the progestin group, 7% in the LNG-IUD group, 17% with Cu-IUD, and 18% with the other methods (NS). No recurrence occurred in the estroprogestins group. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this study is the first one worldwide evaluating current contraception practice after breast cancer on a large cohort of patients. Due to the rareness of relapses, it is difficult to identify a correlation between contraception and relapse, though a trend to a lower frequency of recurrence (7%) was noted in the progestin group. Further data would be granted to evaluate efficacy and harmlessness of contraception in these patients. On behalf of the GERM (Groupe d'Etude et de Réflexion sur les Mastopathies), the SFG (Société Française de Gynécologie), and the FNCGM (Fédération Nationale des Collèges de Gynécologie Médicale). No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 255: Analysis of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Infants, Children and Adolescents in the Kyushu Area in Japan by Locally Obtained Data
Authors: Masao Yoshinaga, Shiro Ishikawa, Masanori Shida, Kiyomi Hoshiko, Shunichi Mochinaga, Shigetaka Nishihara, Susumu Shimada, Kazushi Takamura, Shigeru Honjo, Hitoshi Ganaha, Makoto Sunagawa, Toshiko Nakarai
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: The Fire and Disaster Management Agency of Japan launched a population-based cohort study of patients suffering from OHCA in 2005. However, more detailed data on each OHCA case may be required to determine any confounders present in each area to prevent locally occurring OHCA. Methods and Results: The Council for School-Based Screening Programs of the Kyushu Medical Associations started to obtain data of each case of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) &lt;20 years of age from school boards, school physicians, and local fire departments in the Kyushu area in 2012 using a questionnaire. The questionnaire asked information used in the Utstein form and more detailed situations about OHCA cases. In logistic regression analysis, age, sex, the location of OHCA (at home or not at home), the timing of OHCA (during sleep or not during sleep), the presence of resuscitation, and the use of an AED were used as dependent variables. Sixty-seven cases of OHCA were obtained in 2002 and 2003. The prevalence of OHCA in each Prefecture corresponded to 0.29 to 4.17 per 100,000 subjects (Okamoto et al. Circ J, 2013), indicating that less than half of the annual cases in Kyushu area were obtained. Of 67 cases of OHCA, 20, 7, 13, and 27 cases occurred in those aged 0, 1-5, 6-12, and 13-18 years, respectively. Of 40 cases of OHCA that occurred at home, 37 (93%) were fatal. Among 20 infant cases, 16 (80%) occurred during sleeping. Of 27 young adolescent cases, 5 were found dead in the bath. In logistic regression analysis, OHCA occurring at home was a sole predictive factor for death (p=0.000, 95% confidence interval: 4.4-73.1). Conclusions: To improve the prevalence and outcome of OHCA cases in the pediatric population, information on resuscitation should be provided to parents. New strategies for sudden infant death during sleeping should be examined, such as electrocardiographic screening at 1 month old (Schwartz PJ, et al. Circulation, 2009: Yoshinaga M, et al. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol, 2013). Bathing is at high risk of OHCA, not only in the elderly population, but also in the young population.
Skeletal-related events (SREs) and survival among elderly patients with stage IV prostate cancer (PCa) in SEER Medicare data.
Authors: Ebere Onukwugha, Young Kwok, Candice Yong, Christine Franey, C. Daniel Mullins, Brian S. Seal, Adriana Valderrama, Arif Hussain
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

249 Background: Skeletal-related events occurring among PCa patients with bone metastasis include radiation to the bone (RttB), pathological fracture, spinal cord compression (SCC), and bone surgery (BS). There is no validated algorithm for identifying RttB using claims data. We investigated the prevalence and mortality impact of SREs across alternative claims-based algorithms for identifying RttB. Methods: We analyzed data for stage IV PCa cases identified between 2005 and 2009 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry linked with Medicare claims. Fracture, SCC, and BS were identified from claims. Focusing on external beam radiation therapy, radiopharmaceutical therapy, intensity modulated radiotherapy and stereotactic radiosurgery, three approaches were created based on data visualization software: 1) radiation claim occurred after a claim with a bone metastasis (BM) code; 2) BM code directly coincided with the period of the radiation treatment episode; 3) either #2 or the duration of the radiation episode was less than or equal to 4 weeks. Regression models for all-cause mortality used these measures. Results: The study sample included 5,380 men with stage IV PCa. The median age of the sample was 77 years. All-cause mortality was 54% during median (mean) follow-up of 579 (656) days. The proportion who had any fracture, SCC, and BS was 23.2%, 6.3%, and 5.8%. Without taking BM code or duration of radiation into consideration, the proportion who received radiation therapy was 35%. Using approaches 1, 2 and 3 we have the following four results: 1) the proportion who received RttB was 22%, 18%, and 24%; 2) the prevalence of any SRE was 39%, 37%, and 41%; 3) among those with an SRE, the proportion receiving RttB was 57%, 50%, and 58%; 4) the adjusted hazard ratio (95% CI) associated with any SRE was 1.22 (1.13–1.33), 1.22 (1.12–1.33), and 1.25 (1.15–1.36). Conclusions: Among older men diagnosed with stage IV prostate cancer, approximately one in five men received palliative radiation and the mortality impact of skeletal-related events was comparable across alternative approaches to identifying palliative radiation.
The final stages of the global eradication of polio [editorial]
Authors: John Tj
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

In the final stages of the global eradication of poliomyelitis in the year 2000 a rapid decline in the rate of reported cases is noted.  However the virus is still transmitted within the confines of 30 countries in South Asia and West and Central Africa.  Although polio will also be eliminated in these regions it will take a little longer than projected.  In tracing the history of vaccination and reviewing past studies on vaccination issues in the use of oral poliovaccine (OPV) in vaccination programs are highlighted.  It is noted that continued use of OPV after the elimination of wild poliovirus will pose scientific ethical and practical problems; and that mucosal immunity provided by routine vaccination may be insufficient to interrupt transmission if wild virus is introduced from elsewhere.  Hence vaccination programs using OPV to eliminate disease caused by wild virus need not be continued.  Use of inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) is proposed.  Evidence indicates that IPV provides excellent mucosal protection with the consequent elimination of wild virus.  With this approach poliovirus vaccination will be synchronized with the schedule of other vaccinations in the Expanded Programme on Immunization and thus will enhance the program which has begun to lag in many countries.
Cardioprotection and safety of dexrazoxane (DRZ) in children treated for newly diagnosed T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) or advanced stage lymphoblastic leukemia (T-LL).
Authors: Barbara Asselin, Meenakshi Devidas, Tianni Zhou, Bruce M. Camitta, Steven E. Lipshultz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

9504 Background: POG 9404 evaluated the efficacy of DRZ as a cardioprotectant and its side effects in children receiving doxorubicin (DOX) as part of chemotherapy for T-ALL/T-LL. Methods: Between 6/1996 and 9/2001, 537 T-ALL/T-LL patients were treated with multi-agent chemotherapy that included 12 DOX doses of 30 mg/m 2 . Patients were randomized at diagnosis to treatment with or without DRZ (300 mg/m 2 IV immediately prior to each DOX dose). Cardiac effects were assessed by serial echocardiograph measurements of left ventricular (LV) function (fractional shortening) and structure (end-diastolic dimension, wall thickness, and mass). Adverse events, grades 3-5 were recorded using CTCAE version 2.0. Results: Five-year EFS was similar for the DRZ (0.77±0.03%) and no-DRZ (0.76±0.03%) groups (p=0.9). Acute cardiac toxicity occurred in 1 patient (arrhythmia) on DRZ and 4 patients treated without DRZ (1-arrhythmia, 3-decreased LV fractional shortening). At each of the three time-points post-baseline (end-induction, after the last DOX dose and two years post study entry) LV dimensions were larger from baseline for patients who did not receive DRZ. In univariate analyses, change in LV end-diastolic dimension from baseline was the only variable that was significantly different between DRZ and no-DRZ arms. This was true at each of the three time points (p=0.005-0.02). The frequencies of grade 3 or 4 toxicity (hematologic, infection, CNS events, mucositis) or death were similar in groups with or without DRZ (p&lt;0.24). There were 13 second malignancies, 10 patients had received DRZ and 3 had not (p=0.07). Conclusions: Our LV dimension measurements suggest that DRZ may protect against the early LV remodeling and enlargement that is seen with DOX cardiotoxicity. Addition of DRZ did not interfere with the anti-tumor efficacy of this DOX-containing, multi-agent regimen, and there was no significant increase in toxicities. An increased rate of second malignancies with DRZ did not reach conventional levels of statistical significance. The study was not powered to assess second malignancy rates and this trend is of unknown clinical significance.
PWE-365 Exploring adr performance in the nhs bowel scope programme
Authors: R Bevan, R Blanks, C Nickerson, J Patnick, R Loke, B Saunders, J Stebbing, R Tighe, A Veitch, CJ Rees
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> A new arm of the NHS Bowel Cancer Screening Programme began in 2013. One-off flexible sigmoidoscopy (FS) is to be offered to all 55 year olds. Six pilot sites were chosen to start this screening programme, with roll out to the rest of the country planned by 2016. A benchmark adenoma detection rate (ADR) for endoscopists within the programme is being discussed. <h3>Method</h3> The NHS Bowel Cancer Screening System database was interrogated for all FS performed at the pilot sites May ‘13-May 914. Data were extracted at procedural level. Participants aged 55 were included in analyses. Overall ADR was calculated. Data of endoscopists with ≥30 procedures were reviewed. Funnel plots were produced for ADR, and gender adjusted observed:expected adenoma detection ratio (GAADR). GAADR was calculated using the population risk of adenoma detection within the programme by gender, predicting how many adenomas each endoscopist should find based on case mix, and calculating the ratio of predicted:observed adenomas detected. Mean negative withdrawal time (time taken to withdraw scope when no adenoma/cancer detected) for each endoscopist was calculated and considered in 3 groups – those with GAADR &lt;0.85, 0.85 to &lt;1.1, and ≥1.1. <h3>Results</h3> 8582 subjects underwent FS, of which 8494 (99.0%) were aged 55. 4420 (52%) male, 4074 (48%) female. Adenomas were detected in 507 males (11.5%) vs 273 females (6.7%, p &lt; 0.001). 44 endoscopists performed ≥30 FS. These endoscopists performed 8256 FS (range 32–476). Overall programme ADR was 780/8494 (9.2%). GAADR mean 0.99 (range 0.00–2.05). Funnel plots were produced; Figure 1(a)shows ADR and Figure 1(b)shows GAADR by endoscopist, with control lines at 95% and 99.8%. Increased mean negative withdrawal time (WT) is associated with higher GAADR (2.63min when GAADR &lt;0.85, 3.02 min when 0.85 to &lt;1.1, and 3.25 min when ≥1.1). <h3>Conclusion</h3> These data show that for 55 year olds within the BowelScope programme, overall ADR is 9.2%. ADR between endoscopists varies, and reasons for these variations should be investigated and acted upon. There is a significant difference between adenoma detection in men and women, and as such, a gender adjusted ratio could be used when analysing individual endoscopists’ performance should their ADR fall below a defined benchmark. The funnel plots demonstrate most endoscopists performing within an acceptable range, and highlights those that may need further investigation. A similiar approach could be taken with regards to withdrawal times, and depth of insertion to establish the effect of these on ADR. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
WITHDRAWN: Preparation of surface-modified poly (d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) nano-particles for bone targeting
Authors: Thanh Tung Pham, Tuan Hiep Tran, Shiva Pathak, Hanh Thuy Nguyen, Shobha Regmi, Jong Oh Kim, Chul Soon Yong, Jee-Heon Jeong
Journal: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2015)

This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy.
Mre11 as a biomarker of platinum resistance in epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines.
Authors: B. Rungruang, P. Teng, B. L. Hood, M. Sun, M. S. Flint, N. W. Bateman, J. Jones-Laughner, G. L. Maxwell, T. C. Krivak, T. P. Conrads
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

e15527
The role of Src kinase in inspiratory resistive breathing induced acute lung injury
Authors: Dimitrios Toumpanakis, Panagiotis Zacharatos, Tatiana Michailidou, Theodoros Vassilakopoulos
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction: Inspiratory resistive breathing (IRB), a hallmark of obstructive pulmonary diseases, is characterized by large negative intrathoracic pressures and has been found to induce acute lung injury (ALI) in previously healthy rats. Src is a multifunctional kinase that is activated upon mechanical stress by phosphorylation. Aim: To investigate the role of Src in IRB-induced ALI. Methods: Anesthetized and tracheostomised rats were breathing spontaneously through a 2-way non rebreathing valve. The inspiratory port was connected to a resistance, setting peak tidal tracheal pressure at 50% of maximum (IRB). Quietly breathing animals served as controls. After 6 hours of IRB, the mechanics of the respiratory system were assessed with the forced oscillation technique. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed and total and differential cell count and total protein level were measured in BAL fluid. Activation of Src in the lung was detected by Western blot at 30min, 3 and 6 hours of IRB. Src inhibition was performed by an intraperitoneal injection of 1mg/kg of PP2, 30 min prior to IRB. Results: After 6 hours of IRB, increased tissue elasticity was measured, compared to control. Increased BAL cellularity was found, with raised numbers of both macrophages and neutrophils and total protein levels were elevated. Src activation was detected at 30 min of IRB. Inhibition of Src kinase attenuated the increase in tissue elasticity after 6 hours of IRB. Total cell count returned to control values with inhibition of Src kinase, with a decrease in both macrophage and neutrophil count. Total protein levels were not altered by Src inhibition. Conclusion: Src kinase activation partly mediates IRB induced ALI.
Abstract 17826: Age Difference in Plaque Characteristics of Culprit Lesions in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome: an Optical Coherence Tomography Study
Authors: Haibo Jia, Sining Hu, Tsunenari Soeda, Rocco Vergallo, Yoshiyasu Minami, Jinwei Tian, Shaosong Zhang, Bo Yu, Ik-Kyung Jang
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: The relationship between age and culprit plaque characteristics in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) has not been reported. Hypothesis: The characteristics of the culprit plaques differ between younger population and older population with ACS. Methods: We studied 154 patients with ACS who underwent OCT imaging before intervention. The distribution and plaque morphology of the culprit lesion were compared according to the age: Group A (65 years, n=44). Results: There were more smokers in Group A than in Group B and C (58.3% vs. 36.5% vs. 15.9%, p&lt;0.001). Plaque erosion was more frequently observed in the younger age group, whereas plaque rupture was more frequent in the older age group (Figure). The prevalence of calcified nodule was not different among the three groups (Figure). Other features of thin-cap fibroatheroma, thrombus, and macrophage infiltration showed no differences among the three groups. Conclusions: Plaque erosion was the primary cause for ACS in younger patients, whereas plaque rupture was more commonly observed in older patients.
Proteomic profiling of breast cancer serum via two-dimensional liquid-chromatography—tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Q. C. Ru, L. A. Zhu, J. Silberman, R. Mural, C. D. Shriver
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

542 Background: Discovering biomarkers for early cancer detection is a major goal of translational research. We have applied modern proteomic technology, two-dimensional liquid-chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (2-D LC-MS/MS), to large-scale breast cancer serum profiling. Methods: 189 human sera from breast disease or cancer patients (14 atypical hyperplasia, 63 benign, 29 DCIS, and 83 invasive CA) were analyzed via 2-D LC-MS/MS method. Patient ages ranged from 19 to 97 years, with a mean of 55. Ethnicities included African American, Asian, Hispanic, Native American, and Caucasian. This methodology utilizes only 10 μL of human serum per specimen. Every sample was run three times to ensure reproducibility and to maximize identification. The protein identification was conducted using the Bioworks Browser 3.1 and the IPI_human protein database (version 6.23.04) and filtered via HUPO criteria to ensure confidence. Results: 230 high-confidence proteins were identified from analyses of 189 sera. 26 common serum proteins were detected in all samples and 17 were found in two- or three- diagnostic stages. 83 proteins such as insulin receptor substrate 4, serine/threonine-protein kinase WNK4, DNA mismatch repair protein MSH6, and signal recognition particle 72 kDa protein were detected only in invasive sera. 30 proteins including breast carcinoma amplified sequence 3, uncharacterized bone marrow protein BM032, fibroblast growth factor receptor 2, and tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4 were detected only in DCIS sera. The 15 proteins detected only in atypical hyperplasia sera included cholecystokinin type A receptor and cell division cycle 2-related protein kinase 7. 59 proteins including serine/threonine protein phosphatase 6, probable transcription factor CST, insulin-like growth factor IA, and connective tissue growth factor were found in benign samples. Conclusions: Identification of signaling pathway/transcriptions proteins and cell cycle related proteins in breast cancer sera, and identification of breast cancer amplified sequence 3 proteins in the DCIS sera, suggest that high-throughput proteomic technologies like 2-D LC - MS/MS may facilitate the discovery of diagnostically useful breast cancer biomarkers. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
MRI parameters as a predictor of outcomes in advanced cervical carcinomas
Authors: C. C. Camisao, K. V. Lombardelli, S. Alves, A. M. Carvalho, C. A. Almeida, L. C. Zeferino
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

16593 Background: Chemotherapy treatment has been recently introduced for patients diagnosed with advanced cervical tumors that were previously treated exclusively with radiotherapy. MRI is the main imaging tool to evaluate pelvic response and predict therapeutic results and survival. Purpose: To determine if tumor volume and corporal invasion presence in Magnetic Resonance staging exam could be predictor of outcomes in advanced cervix carcinomas. Materials and Methods: Using RECIST criteria, 56 women diagnosed with advanced cervical tumors were studied prospectively. Patients underwent pelvic Magnetic Resonance at staging for measured tumor volume and identify tumoral corporal invasion. All the patients received the same treatment and underwent the same exam protocol with Phased-Array and endovenous contrast. RECIST criteria were applied so that the patients undergoing the combined treatment could have follow-up parameters. We correlated Magnetic Resonance parameters with outcomes after all treatment. Results: Tumor volume and corporal invasion proved to be excellent parameters to predict outcomes after combined chemo and radiotherapy. Patients who presented corporal invasion at the staging exam showed a worse prognostic even though they had complete response after brachytherapy. Also patients with tumor volume more than 100 cm3 had a bad response. Conclusion: Tumor volume and corporal invasion at staging Magnetic Resonance showed to be good parameters for predict outcomes in advanced cervical carcinomas. No significant financial relationships to disclose.