tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A review of brief individual psychotherapies
Authors: Robert J. Ursano, Robert C. Hales
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1986)

The authors review and contrast four brief individual psychodynamic psychotherapies: focal, anxiety-provoking, time-limited, and broad-focus. They also summarize the techniques associated with two other brief individual psychotherapies that rely less on psychodynamic techniques: interpersonal psychotherapy and cognitive therapy. They find that differences among the therapies in the timing and type of interventions are at times more striking than the differences in their goals or identified problem areas. The authors also discuss educational and cost/benefit issues associated with the brief psychotherapies and recommend further empirical studies to determine the most effective brief therapy for selected psychiatric disorders.
Increased Immunogenicity of a Spontaneous Variant Clone of the 13762A Rat Mammary Adenocarcinoma&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: J W Kreider, G L Bartlett
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

The 13762A rat mammary adenocarcinoma is weakly immunogenic and spontaneously metastasizes to regional lymph nodes and lungs. A clone (18A) was isolated from the parental tumor, which grew for 3 weeks in normal F344 rats, forming tumors up to 2-3 cm and some nodal metastases, and then completely regressed. Pretreatment of recipient rats with 450 rad permitted progressive growth and death due to metastases. The behavior of 18A has been stable during a period of 120 days in continuous culture or for 6 in vivo passages in irradiated rats. Regression of 18A was associated with intense tumor mononuclear leukocytic infiltration, whereas parental tumors of the same size recruited few leukocytes. Regressions occurred when 18A cells were placed intradermally, sc, or im, but iv injections were not rejected. Parental tumors grew progressively at all sites. Regressor rats were specifically immune to challenge with both 18A and parental tumor but not to an unrelated mammary carcinoma (R3230AC). Irradiated 18A tumor cell vaccines protected recipients against challenge with parental tumor, but similar vaccines of irradiated parental tumor cells were ineffective. The systemic adoptive transfer of immune lymphocytes more strongly inhibited the growth of established (7 days) 18A than parental tumor. It was concluded that the parental 13762A tumor contained stable variants that were significantly more immunogenic and more susceptible to immune attack than the parental tumor. Such variant tumor lines may be useful in the study of the host response to metastasis.
Outbreak of Kyasanur Forest disease (monkey fever) in Sindhudurg, Maharashtra State, India, 2016
Authors: P Awate, P Yadav, D Patil, A Shete, V Kumar, P Kore, J Dolare, M Deshpande, S Bagde, G Sapkal, Y Gurav, D T Mourya
Journal: Journal of Infection (2016)
Ipsilesional anodal tDCS enhances the functional benefits of rehabilitation in patients after stroke
Authors: Claire Allman, Ugwechi Amadi, Anderson M. Winkler, Leigh Wilkins, Nicola Filippini, Udo Kischka, Charlotte J. Stagg, Heidi Johansen-Berg
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2016)

Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can boost the effects of motor training and facilitate plasticity in the healthy human brain. Motor rehabilitation depends on learning and plasticity, and motor learning can occur after stroke. We tested whether brain stimulation using anodal tDCS added to motor training could improve rehabilitation outcomes in patients after stroke. We performed a randomized, controlled trial in 24 patients at least 6 months after a first unilateral stroke not directly involving the primary motor cortex. Patients received either anodal tDCS (n= 11) or sham treatment (n= 13) paired with daily motor training for 9 days. We observed improvements that persisted for at least 3 months post-intervention after anodal tDCS compared to sham treatment on the Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) and Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT) but not on the Upper Extremity Fugl-Meyer (UEFM) score. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed increased activity during movement of the affected hand in the ipsilesional motor and premotor cortex in the anodal tDCS group compared to the sham treatment group. Structural MRI revealed intervention-related increases in gray matter volume in cortical areas, including ipsilesional motor and premotor cortex after anodal tDCS but not sham treatment. The addition of ipsilesional anodal tDCS to a 9-day motor training program improved long-term clinical outcomes relative to sham treatment in patients after stroke.
Disaster at Buffalo Creek. Discussion of the Buffalo Creek disaster: the course of psychic trauma
Authors: L Rangell
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1976)

The specific contribution of the psychiatrist to the team study of the human disaster at Buffalo Creek focuses on the course of psychic trauma. The initial violent intrusion by the flood waters was followed by a second phase of the traumatic cycle, the physical dislocation of the survivors, with disruption of their "ground" and "surround." During this long subsequent period the level of trauma did not recede but kept rising, although at a slower pace. Distant effects of the trauma may succeed the more immediate ones. The finite psychic space of the survivors is encroached upon by traumatic memories for an indefinite period of time, leaving fewer resources available for normal effective living. The absorption and merging of traumatic stimuli into a traumatophilia poses still another potential problem. The unprecedented legal decision as to the linear effects of psychic trauma on a succession of connected individuals will need further interdisciplinary clarification.
Neoadjuvant chemoradiation (CRT) with or without panitumumab (Pan) in patients with K-ras-unmutated, locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC): A randomized multicenter phase II trial (SAKK 41/07).
Authors: D. Helbling, G. Bodoky, O. Gautschi, H. Sun, F. Bosman, B. Gloor, R. Burkhard, R. C. Winterhalder, A. Madlung, D. Rauch, P. Saletti, L. A. Widmer, M. M. Borner, D. Baertschi, P. Yan, D. Koeberle
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

3546 Background: Disappointingly low rates of pathologic complete remission (pCR) have been noted in several phase II studies in patients (pts) with LARC and unselected K-ras tumor status when combining CRT with the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor cetuximab. Pan is a fully human monoclonal antibody binding to the EGFR. Methods: Patients with centrally tested K-ras unmutated, mrT3-4 and/or mrN+ disease, without distant metastases were recruited in 19 centers. Treatment consisted of CRT (1.8 Gy for 25 days) with capecitabine (825mg/m2 bid day1-35) in the standard arm (arm B). Pan (6mg/m2) was added on days -7, 7, 21, 35, 49 in arm A. Surgical resection was performed on day 77 (+/- 7 days). All pts received preemptive treatment including doxycyline and skin care. Primary endpoint was pathological complete tumour response (pCR) prospectively defined as grade 3 (near complete regression) or 4 (complete regression) in the histological grading of regression according to Dworak classification (DC). Central pathology review for DC grade 2 or 3 was performed (completed for all pts arm B, all but 3 arm A). Early secondary endpoints were sphincter preservation, R0 resection, downstaging and safety. Results: 68 pts (40 arm A, 28 arm B) were randomized into two parallel treatment groups. Median CRT doses were similar in both arms (45 Gy RT, capecitabine 92.7% vs. 94.0%). Median Pan dose was 88%. Most common CTC (v 3.0) grade 3/4 toxicities in arm A/B (% of pts) were: diarrhea 20/6, hand-foot-syndrome 2/0, fatigue 2/0, acneiform skin rash 2/0, anastomotic leaks 15/4. One death of unknown reason occurred in arm A, one pts was ineligible in arm B. pCR-rate was was 56% (arm A, based on 36 pts, CI 95% [38, 72]%) and 44 % (arm B, based on 27 pts, CI 95% [25, 65]%); 4/5 pts had DC 4 and 16/5 pts had DC3. Sphincter preservation was achieved in 71/70%, R0 resection 87/93% and downstaging in 87/85%. Conclusions: Addition of Pan to CRT in K-ras unmutated LARC pts is feasible at increased toxicity and resulted in a higher than expected pCR rate, mostly due to grade 3 DC. Further investigations of this active regimen in K-ras selected LARC tumours are warranted.
Phase II trial of weekly docetaxel and gemcitabine as first line therapy for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: G. McNeill, S. Kalmadi, M. Davis, D. Peereboom, D. J. Adelstein, R. M. Bukowski, T. Mekhail
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

17076 Background: A platinum doublet has been the standard treatment for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and good performance status. This treatment results in almost a doubling of 1-year survival, along with an improvement in quality of life despite treatment related toxicities. However, platinum based treatment is associated with significant toxicity. Methods: In this trial, we prospectively evaluated a weekly regimen of docetaxel and gemcitabine for advanced NSCLC from December 2001 to January 2005. The endpoints of this study included objective response rate, survival and toxicity. Forty-two patients with previously untreated, advanced NSCLC with PS 0–1 were included. Patients received docetaxel (36 mg/m 2 ) and gemcitabine (600 mg/m 2 ) on days 1,8 and 15 of a 28-day cycle. Responses were assessed every two cycles. Results: The median age was 63 years; with 22 males and 20 females; 67% were &gt;60 years old; and 38 patients had stage IV disease. In the intent-to-treat (ITT) analysis of response, 16 patients had a partial response (38%) and 15 patients had stable disease (36%). The 1-year survival was 48%; median survival for all patients was 11.3 months and the median progression-free survival was 5.1 months. Toxicities (&gt; grade 3) included neutropenia (29%), asthenia (26%), thrombocytopenia (14%), diarrhea (14%), pneumonitis (7%), peripheral neuropathy (5%), peripheral edema (5%), nail changes (2%), and myositis (2%). Conclusions: This study demonstrated that this non-platinum doublet (docetaxel + gemcitabine) given on a weekly schedule for advanced NSCLC was well tolerated with efficacy comparable to platinum based chemotherapy regimens. [Table: see text]
PTU-225 Strategies to improve response rates to patient reported outcome measures in a surgical rct
Authors: J Wood, H Bruhn, JA Cook, A McDonald, J Norrie, AJ Watson
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Difficulties achieving high response rates to patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) within clinical research are well recognised. The eTHoS trial, which compares Stapled Haemorrhoidopexy with Traditional Haemorrhoidectomy for the treatment of grade II-IV haemorrhoids, is no exception. Early response rates to postal PROMs on quality of life (distributed at 12 and 24 months post-randomisation) showed that their return was respectively only 67% (112/166) and 45% (5/11). Monetary incentives may improve such responses.<sup>1</sup>High value incentives may have a greater overall effect than lower value incentives,<sup>2</sup>however evidence from RCTs is limited. We examined whether introducing monetary incentives affected response rates from subsequent postal PROMs in a subset of the eTHoS cohort. <h3>Method</h3> Two studies were conducted. In the first (which began in June 2013), participants (n = 326) were randomly allocated to one of 4 groups: 1) no incentive; 2) £5 gift voucher enclosed with 12 and 24 month questionnaires; 3) £5 gift voucher at 12 months only; 4) £5 gift voucher at 24 months only. In the second, participants are sent a £30 gift voucher on receipt of completed questionnaires (12 and /or 24 months). This study began in October 2014 and is expected to run until end of eTHoS follow up (June 2016). At the time of study design (July 2014), the 24 month postal PROMs response rate was 60% (with 440 patients yet to reach 24 months). Primary analyses for our first study examined effects of a £5 gift voucher incentive at 12 and/or 24 months on response rates to postal PROMs. A secondary analysis will examine a non-randomised comparison on response rates of incentives vs. no incentives. For study 2, primary analyses will examine the effect of a £30 gift voucher at 12 and/or 24 months on questionnaire response rates. The trial team also employed traditional methods in an attempt to improve postal response rates including implementing a shortened reminder questionnaire, database provision to allow participants to complete questionnaires online, and administering a study newsletter one week before the 12 and 24 month PROMs were due. <h3>Results</h3> Study1 ceased in October 2014 as there appeared to be little benefit; response rates at 12 months remained lower than expected, 77% (267/347) and at 24 months, 66% (75/113). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Further data showing secondary analysis results and preliminary outcomes from our second study will be presented (strategies employed in the eTHoS trial which aimed to boost response rates will be discussed). <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>References</h3> Edwards PJ, <i>et al</i>.<i>Cochrane Database of Syst Rev</i>2009:MR000008 Brueton V, <i>et al</i>. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013:MR000032
PWE-004 AK155: a candidate gene for inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: J S R Jennings, J Hamlin, P A Robinson, M A Hull, P D Howdle, A F Markham
Journal: Gut (2010)

<h3>Introduction</h3> AK155 (interleukin-26) is a member of the “IL-10 superfamily”. It maps to the IBD2 locus (chromosome 12q15). AK155 is expressed by Th1 and Th17 lymphocytes. The receptor is expressed on epithelial cells, including colon carcinoma and keratinocyte-derived cell lines.1 Activation of the receptor complex results in secretion of IL-10 and IL-18 with surface expression of CD54.1 AK155 mRNA expression is elevated in Crohn9s colitis. This expression correlates with IL-8 and IL-22.2 <h3>Methods</h3> We sequenced AK155 from genomic DNA (gDNA) of patients with IBD to identify novel disease-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). These were then used for allele association studies. gDNA was obtained from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 30 IBD patients (15 UC and 15 CD). Combinations of primers were used which amplified the open reading frame, introns 1, 2 and 4, 35 base pairs of the 59UTR immediately proximal to the start codon, 115 bp of intron 3 and 124 bp of the 39UTR beyond the stop codon. PCR products were sequenced using the ABI 377 automated sequencer. <h3>Results</h3> Four novel SNPs were identified. Each SNP was found in a single individual from the 30 patients studied. The first coding SNP (C87T) in exon one was silent. The second coding SNP (C316T) in exon three lead to a substitution in the amino acid sequence of AK155 of an arginine residue to a cysteine. The other two SNPs were identified within introns two and three. The C316T SNP polymorphism was used for an allelic association study in IBD. gDNA samples were obtained from 130 IBD patients and 50 controls. The C316T SNP was identified in one of the 130 patients and no control. This patient was a 38-year-old woman with Crohn9s colitis. C316T is in proximity to the intron two SNP but again the intronic SNP was identified in a single individual from the 180 samples. Each SNP was checked on five separate occasions using different oligonucleotide primer combinations and DNA polymerase enzymes. It was identified with each of these sequencing primers and polymerase combinations. <h3>Conclusion</h3> AK155 is both a positional and functional candidate gene for IBD. We were unable to identify a disease-associated polymorphism. There are limitations to the techniques used to perform our association studies. We are limited by the numbers of patients and genetically heterogeneous nature of our IBD population. We believe these SNPs should be studied in large numbers of multiply affected families.
Increase in Nonspecific Adsorptive Endocytosis in Anthracycline-and Vinca Alkaloid-Resistant Ehrlich Ascites Tumor Cell Lines2
Authors: Maxwell Sehested, Torben Skovsgaard, Bo van Deurs, Henrik Winther-Nielsen
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1987)

Numerous biochemical and drug transport studies have focused on the role of the plasma membrane or membrane-associated processes in anthracycline and vinca alkaloid resistance. Cationized ferritin, which binds electrostatically to anionic sites on the plasma membrane, was used as a membrane marker in a morphometrical ultrastructural study. The nonspecific adsorptive endocytosis was significantly increased in Ehrlich ascites tumor cell lines resistant to daunorubicin (DNR), doxorubicin, vincristine, and vinblastine compared to that in sensitive cells. Thus cells resistant to DNR internalized 2.04% of their plasma membrane per minute, in contrast to 1.17% in sensitive cells. Because the measured cell surface areas in sensitive and resistant cells were unchanged during the experiments, increased membrane traffic (recycling) from intracytoplasmic compartments to the plasma membrane must have occurred in resistant cells. Possible implications of these findings include 1) a resistance-linked phenotype without significance for resistance per se, 2) an increase in membrane repair, and 3) a connection between increased membrane traffic and increased active drug extrusion in resistant cells.
Immunoliposome-mediated drug delivery to Plasmodium -infected and non-infected red blood cells as a dual therapeutic/prophylactic antimalarial strategy
Authors: Ernest Moles, Patricia Urbán, María Belén Jiménez-Díaz, Sara Viera-Morilla, Iñigo Angulo-Barturen, Maria Antònia Busquets, Xavier Fernàndez-Busquets
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2015)
High dose proton beam therapy (PBT) for stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: K. Nihei, T. Ogino, S. Ishikura, H. Nishimura
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

7226 Background: Proton beam has a distinctive depth-dose curve that enables us to deliver higher doses to the tumor without increasing doses to the surrounding normal tissues. We retrospectively evaluated the safety and efficacy of high dose PBT in patients with stage I NSCLC. Methods: Between December 1999 and December 2003, 37 patients with stage I NSCLC were treated by PBT in our institution. The indication of PBT were 1) clinical stage I NSCLC, 2) PaO2 ≥ 60 torr, 3) medically inoperable, or refusal of surgery, 4) performance status 0–2, 5) written informed consent. The target volume was defined as the gross tumor volume plus appropriate margins for subclinical tumor extension, set-up error and respiratory motion. Treatment was performed using respiratory gating. A total dose of 70 - 94 GyE was delivered in 20 fractions over 4 to 5 weeks. Kaplan-Meier method and CTC version 2.0 were used to assess survival and toxicity. Results: Patients characteristics were as follows: median age 75 years (range, 63 to 87); male/female, 30/7; Stage IA/IB, 17/20; squamous/ adenocarcinoma/ others, 15/15/7; medically inoperable/refusal of surgery, 23/14; total dose 70/80/88/94 GyE, 3/17/16/1. The response rate was 86% (95% confidence interval (CI), 71 to 96%). With a median follow-up period of 24 months (range, 3 to 57 months), the 2-year local progression-free and overall survivals were 94% (95%CI, 86 to 100%) and 82% (95% CI, 68 to 97%), respectively. No acute grade ≥ 2 toxicity was observed. Late grade 2 and grade 3 pulmonary toxicities were observed in 3 and 3 patients, respectively. The 2-year loco-regional progression-free survivals in stage IA and IB patients were 94% and 62%, respectively. Five of 6 patients who suffered late grade ≥ 2 pulmonary toxicity had stage IB disease. Conclusions: PBT is a promising treatment modality for stage I NSCLC, although loco-regional recurrences and late pulmonary toxicities in stage IB patients were substantial. Further investigation of PBT for stage I NSCLC is warranted. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Utility of combination therapy with ribavirin plus interferon in chronic hepatitis C patients previously resistant to interferon
Authors: Santino Marchi, A. Ricchiuti, P. Ciccorossi, S. Petruccelli, P. Arpe, M. Bellini, F. Costa, F. Maggi, M. L. Vatteroni, R. Morganti, Mauro Pistello, M. Bendinelli, G. Maltinti
Journal: Hepatology (1997)
Annals On Being a Doctor Story Slam - Doctor, I Want My Husband Back
Authors: John M. Spandorfer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2016)

Web Exclusives19 January 2016Annals On Being a Doctor Story Slam - Doctor, I Want My Husband BackFREEJohn M. Spandorfer, MDJohn M. Spandorfer, MDFrom the Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/V15-0017 SectionsAboutVisual Abstract ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Video. Annals On Being a Doctor Story Slam - Doctor, I Want My Husband Back This story, "Doctor, I Want My Husband Back," by Dr. John M. Spandorfer, is from the Annals On Being a Doctor Story Slam held on 18 November 2015 in Philadelphia, with support from the Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation. (Duration 6:15)Building on the popular Annals feature “On Being a Doctor,” storytellers share stories about the experience of doctoring on video.For more videos from and information on Annals On Being a Doctor Story Slam, visit go.annals.org/StorySlam. Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From the Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.Note: This story is from the Annals On Being a Doctor Story Slam held on 18 November 2015 in Philadelphia, with support from the Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation.Corresponding Author: John M. Spandorfer, MD, Thomas Jefferson University, 833 Chestnut Street, Suite 701, Philadelphia, PA 19107; e-mail, john.[email protected]edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 19 January 2016Volume 164, Issue 2Page: SS6 ePublished: 19 January 2016 Issue Published: 19 January 2016 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2016 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
Antiserum Against Leukemia Cell Ferritin as a Diagnostic Tool for Malignant Neoplasms2
Authors: Wataru Mori, Hideo Asakawa, Tomoya Taguchi
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

The specific antiserum against a type of ferritin that is especially common to leukemia cells and the placenta was used to test, by countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis, sera from humans with various diseases. The best results were obtained with leukemia; patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia in blastic phase, acute myelogenous leukemia, lymphogenous leukemia, and unclassifiable juvenile leukemia frequently showed a positive reaction, but patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia in static phase did not. The average incidence of positive reaction among all leukemia patients was 54.0%. Patients with other malignant tumors (i.e., multiple myeloma, malignant lymphoma and carcinomas of the stomach, rectum, and liver) also often showed a positive reaction. The average incidence of positive reaction among all the patients with malignant diseases of the hematopoietic system, except for leukemia, was 34.3%, and that among patients with nonhematologic malignant neoplasms was 36.8%. However, the incidence of a positive reaction in patients with benign diseases and healthy individuals was less than 3%.