tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Study of Mitotic Rate in Renewal Zones of Nondiseased Portions of Gastric Mucosa in Cases of Peptic Ulcer and Gastric Cancer, With Observations on Differentiation and So-Called “Intestinalization” of Gastric Mucosa&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Harald Teir, Toimi Räsänen
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1961)

The mitotic rate in the zone of renewal was determined in the body and pyloric mucosa and in areas of so-called intestinalization outside the actual disease process in human stomachs removed, partially or totally, for duodenal ulcer (32 cases), gastric ulcer (35 cases), and gastric cancer (17 cases). In the material from stomachs of gastric-ulcer and cancer patients the mitotic rate in the body and pyloric mucosa was of the same magnitude and was highly significant (P<0.001) since it doubled that of corresponding sites in material from duodenal-ulcer patients. In all the material, the mitotic rate in the pylorus was significantly higher (P<0.01) than that of the body. Also, the mitotic rate in intestinal-type glands in material from gastric-ulcer and cancer patients was slightly greater than in materials from duodenal-ulcer patients. Intestinal-type glands in the pyloric region were observed in 78 percent of the cancer, 60 percent of the gastric-ulcer, and 25 percent of the duodenal-ulcer groups. They were more numerous in the pyloric part than in the body mucosa, and considerably more profuse in the first 2 groups. Intestinalization of the gastric mucosa has been considered primarily a sign of general differentiation disturbance. Gastric-ulcer and cancer stomachs showed, in addition to intestinalization in the superficial epithelium, incomplete cell differentiation and numerous pyknotic and karyorrhectic cells. These changes were rare in duodenal-ulcer cases. The highest incidence of cell renewal, of intestinal-type ephithelium and other differentiation disturbances, and of stomach cancer occurred in the same age group and may be related phenomena.
Abstract 14048: The Functional Crosstalk Between YAP and FoxO1 in Mediating the Oxidative Stress Response During Ischemia/Reperfusion in the Heart
Authors: Dan Shao, Peiyong Zhai, Junichi Sadoshima
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Lats2, a serine/threonine kinase and a component of the Hippo pathway, plays an important role in mediating myocardial cell death in response to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) by negatively regulating ...
Hypothesised mechanisms of swimming-related death: a systematic review
Authors: Chad A Asplund, Lawrence L Creswell
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2016)

Background Recent reports from triathlon and competitive open-water swimming indicate that these events have higher rates of death compared with other forms of endurance sport. The potential causal mechanism for swimming-related death is unclear. Objective To examine available studies on the hypothesised mechanisms of swimming-related death to determine the most likely aetiologies. Material and methods MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (1950 to present) were searched, yielding 1950 potential results, which after title and citation reviews were reduced to 83 possible reports. Studies included discussed mechanisms of death during swimming in humans, and were Level 4 evidence or higher. Results A total of 17 studies (366 total swimmers) were included for further analysis: 5 investigating hyperthermia/hypothermia, 7 examining cardiac mechanisms and responses, and 5 determining the presence of pulmonary edema. The studies provide inconsistent and limited-quality or disease-oriented evidence that make definitive conclusions difficult. Conclusions The available evidence is limited but may suggest that cardiac arrhythmias are the most likely aetiology of swimming-related death. While symptoms of pulmonary edema may occur during swimming, current evidence does not support swimming-induced pulmonary edema as a frequent cause of swimming-related death, nor is there evidence to link hypothermia or hyperthermia as a causal mechanism. Further higher level studies are needed.
Abstract P046: Circulating Levels of Persistent Organic Pollutants are Related to the Change in Lipids During 5 Years Follow Up
Authors: Monica Lind, Samira Salihovic, Bert v Bavel, Lars Lind
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: When reporting circulating levels of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), usually lipid-normalized values are given. However, animal experiments and some human data support the view that exposure to POPs might change lipid values. The aim of the present study is to investigate if POP levels could predict future change in lipids levels. Methods: In the population-based Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS) study, lipids were measured at age 70 and at age 75 in 598 subjects without lipid-lowering medication. Twenty-one different POPs, including 16 PCBs, three pesticides (HCB, DDE and TNK), one dioxin (OCDD) and one brominated compound (BDE47) were analyzed by high-resolution chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC/ HRMS) at age 70. Results: Strong relationships were seen between the baseline levels of PCBs 194, 206 and 209 and the degree of increase in total serum cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol during the 5 year follow-up. These relationships were generally stronger when lipid-normalized levels were used compared to wet-weight based levels. On the contrary, both HCB and TNK levels were inversely related to the change in LDL-cholesterol, with strongest associations found using wet-weight based levels. PCBs 194, 206 and 209 were inversely related to the change in HDL-cholesterol. None of the POPs were related to the change in serum triglycerides. Conclusion: POPs are related to the future change in lipids. This might explain why POP exposure previously has been linked to atherosclerosis and future cardiovascular disease. It might also question the use of lipid-normalization when studying relationships between POPs and metabolic diseases.
Reply to Azmi et al.
Authors: Lorenzo Fuccio, Leonardo Frazzoni, Alessandro Mussetto
Journal: Endoscopy (2016)

We appreciate the interest of Azmi et al. in our recently published study [1], which allows us to underline several aspects and implications of the main findings of our study. Our study is the first randomized non-inferiority trial comparing low-volume versus high-volume preparations in the so-called “hard to prepare” patients. Indeed, it has been demonstrated that a history of colorectal resection represents an independent predictor for inadequate colon cleansing [2] [3]. Nowadays, splitting the dose of bowel preparation is the recommended standard of practice [4].
Nobel's day on recent advances in cancer research
Authors: A Mantovani
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1993)

The June 7-10th Symposium on 'Recent Advances in Cancer Research', organized by Lorenzo Moretta in San Remo, Italy, on the occasion of Nobel's day, designated cancer genetics and tumor immunology as forefront areas in fundamental cancer research. While the central importance of oncogenes is obvious, this is less the case for the immunology of tumors, which has long been an area of descriptive phenomenology, wild speculation and unfulfilled expectation. The recent molecular identification of genes encoding a human melanoma antigen recognized by T cells, and of cytokines involved in the tumor-host interaction justifies renewed oncological interest in this area.
Hepatitis B virus basal core promoter/precore mutants and association with liver cirrhosis in children with chronic hepatitis B virus infection
Authors: Y.W. Zhong, F.L. Di, C. Liu, X.C. Zhang, J.F. Bi, Y.L. Li, S.Q. Wu, H. Dong, L.M. Liu, J. He, Y.M. Shi, H.F. Zhang, M. Zhang
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2015)
Immunoaffinity Chromatography of Carcinogen DNA Adducts With Polyclonal Antibodies Directed Against Benzo[&lt;italic&gt;a&lt;/italic&gt;]pyrene Diol-epoxide-DNA&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: B Tierney, A Benson, R C Garner
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1986)

Polyclonal antibodies specific for (±)-trans-7β,8α-dihydroxy- 9α,10α-oxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene [(BPDE) CAS: 58917-67-2]-DNA adducts were obtained from the sera of New Zealand White rabbits immunized with BPDE-DNA. These antibodies did not recognize benzo[a]pyrene [(BP) CAS: 50-32-8] or DNA alone or other carcinogen adducts, such as aflatoxin (CAS: 1402-68-2)-DNA or aminopyrene (CAS: 58-15-1)-DNA, up to the concentrations used. In a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, 0.18 µg BPDE-DNA/ml (single stranded), equivalent to 7 pmol BPDE adduct, caused 50% inhibition with this antibody. (When referring to the DNA content of BPDE-DNA, the authors gave the concentration in µg/ml; when referring to the BPDE content of BPDE-DNA, the authors gave the concentration as pmol/ml.) Chemical and enzymic modifications of the BPDE-DNA substrate suggested that the epitope for the antibody is greater than that represented by a BPDE-nucleoside adduct. The specific BPDE-DNA antibodies were covalently bound to cyanogen bromide-activated Sepharose 4B, and the extent of ligand binding to the immunoaffinity column was measured with the use of [3H]BPDE-DNA as substrate. Maximum binding to the immunoaffinity column was obtained after DNase 1 digestion of [3H]BPDE-DNA: The bound adducts could be readily eluted from the column with 50 mM NaOH. The binding of DNase 1-digested [3H]BPDE-DNA to the immunoaffinity column was dose related and not affected by the addition of unmodified DNA. The columns have proven to be reusable. Samples of [3H]BP-DNA isolated from the skin of mice treated topically with either 0.75 µmol [3H]BP/mouse or 1.5 µmol [3H]BP/mouse were examined by immunoaffinity chromatography. Binding values of 6.0 and 12.2 pmol BP/mg DNA were obtained; these values from immunoaffinity chromatography were slightly lower than those determined by high-pressure liquid chromatography analysis (9 and 17 pmol BP/mg DNA). With chemically reacted BPDE-DNA, around 70% of that applied was retained by immunoaffinity chromatography, whereas with [3H]BP-DNA isolated from the in vivo treatment of mouse skin, only 40% was retained—a possible reflection of the greater heterogeneity of the in vivo BP-DNA adducts. This immunoaffinity chromatography technique should prove useful in the selective examination of levels of BPDE-DNA adducts present in biological samples.
A Bayesian Phase II Randomized Trial of Azacitidine Versus Azacitidine + Vorinostat in Patients with Newly Diagnosed AML or High-Risk MDS with Poor Performance Status, Organ Dysfunction, or Other Comorbidities
Authors: Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Xuelin Huang, Monica Cabrero, Courtney D. DiNardo, Naveen Pemmaraju, Naval G. Daver, Gautam Borthakur, William G Wierda, Tapan Kadia, Yesid Alvarado, Jorge E. Cortes, Nitin Jain, Farhad Ravandi, Elias Jabbour, Mark Brandt, Troy Sneed, Victoria Sukholutsky, Sherry Pierce, Zachary Bohannan, Hagop M. Kantarjian
Journal: Blood (2014)
MLL1 and DOT1L cooperate with meningioma-1 to induce acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Simone S. Riedel, Jessica N. Haladyna, Matthew Bezzant, Brett Stevens, Daniel A. Pollyea, Amit U. Sinha, Scott A. Armstrong, Qi Wei, Roy M. Pollock, Scott R. Daigle, Craig T. Jordan, Patricia Ernst, Tobias Neff, Kathrin M. Bernt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2016)

Meningioma-1 (MN1) overexpression is frequently observed in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and is predictive of poor prognosis. In murine models, forced expression of MN1 in hematopoietic progenitors induces an aggressive myeloid leukemia that is strictly dependent on a defined gene expression program in the cell of origin, which includes the homeobox genes Hoxa9 and Meis1 as key components. Here, we have shown that this program is controlled by two histone methyltransferases, MLL1 and DOT1L, as deletion of either Mll1 or Dot1l in MN1-expressing cells abrogated the cell of origin-derived gene expression program, including the expression of Hoxa cluster genes. In murine models, genetic inactivation of either Mll1 or Dot1l impaired MN1-mediated leukemogenesis. We determined that HOXA9 and MEIS1 are coexpressed with MN1 in a subset of clinical MN1hi leukemia, and human MN1hi/HOXA9hi leukemias were sensitive to pharmacologic inhibition of DOT1L. Together, these data point to DOT1L as a potential therapeutic target in MN1hi AML. In addition, our findings suggest that epigenetic modulation of the interplay between an oncogenic lesion and its cooperating developmental program has therapeutic potential in AML.
Biochemical and Ultrastructural Studies on Estrogen-Induced Pituitary Tumors in F344 Rats<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref>
Authors: Alejandro F. de Nicola, Irene von Lawzewitsch, Susana E. Kaplan, Carlos Libertun
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1978)

The hormone function, the metabolism of nucleic acids, and the ultrastructure of estrogen-induced pituitary tumors and of normal glands were examined in male F344 rats. The tumors had a high capacity for prolactin (PRL) synthesis, and the plasma levels of PRL were elevated 65-fold to 100-fold in the tumor-bearing animals. Uridine uptake and phosphorylation to nucleotides, as well as uridine incorporation into total RNA, were similar in tumors and normal glands, whereas [3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA was double in the former group as compared to the latter. After a [3H]uridine pulse, labeled RNA turnover was different in tumors and normal glands. Electron microscopy of the tumors revealed hypertrophy, degranulation, and hyperplasia of cells producing PRL with proliferation of their ergastoplasm in whorls. Other pituitary cell types were reduced in number. It is suggested that the whorl configuration caused the high rate of protein and PRL synthesis as well as the changes in RNA metabolism displayed by the tumors.
Effect of Oxygen Desaturations on Subsequent Medical Visits in Infants Discharged From the Emergency Department With Bronchiolitis
Authors: Tania Principi, Allan L. Coates, Patricia C. Parkin, Derek Stephens, Zelia DaSilva, Suzanne Schuh
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2016)

Reliance on pulse oximetry has been associated with increased hospitalizations, prolonged hospital stay, and escalation of care.To examine whether there is a difference in the proportion of unscheduled medical visits within 72 hours of emergency department discharge in infants with bronchiolitis who have oxygen desaturations to lower than 90% for at least 1 minute during home oximetry monitoring vs those without desaturations.Prospective cohort study conducted from February 6, 2008, to April 30, 2013, at a tertiary care pediatric emergency department in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, among 118 otherwise healthy infants aged 6 weeks to 12 months discharged home from the emergency department with a diagnosis of acute bronchiolitis.The primary outcome was unscheduled medical visits for bronchiolitis, including a visit to any health care professional due to concerns about respiratory symptoms, within 72 hours of discharge in infants with and without desaturations. Secondary outcomes included examination of the severity and duration of the desaturations, delayed hospitalizations within 72 hours of discharge, and the effect of activity on desaturations.A total of 118 infants were included (mean [SD] age, 4.5 [2.1] months; 69 male [58%]). During a mean (SD) monitoring period of 19 hours 57 minutes (10 hours 37 minutes), 75 of 118 infants (64%) had at least 1 desaturation event (median continuous duration, 3 minutes 22 seconds; interquartile range, 1 minute 54 seconds to 8 minutes 50 seconds). Among the 118 infants, 59 (50%) had at least 3 desaturations, 12 (10%) had desaturation for more than 10% of the monitored time, and 51 (43%) had desaturations lasting 3 or more minutes continuously. Of the 75 infants who had desaturations, 59 (79%) had desaturation to 80% or less for at least 1 minute and 29 (39%) had desaturation to 70% or less for at least 1 minute. Of the 75 infants with desaturations, 18 (24%) had an unscheduled visit for bronchiolitis as compared with 11 of the 43 infants without desaturation (26%) (difference, -1.6%; 95% CI, -0.15 to ∞; P = .66). One of the 75 infants with desaturations (1%) and 2 of the 43 infants without desaturations (5%) were hospitalized within 72 hours (difference, -3.3%; 95% CI, -0.04 to 0.10; P = .27). Among the 62 infants with desaturations who had diary information, 48 (77%) experienced them during sleep or while feeding.The majority of infants with mild bronchiolitis experienced recurrent or sustained desaturations after discharge home. Children with and without desaturations had comparable rates of return for care, with no difference in unscheduled return medical visits and delayed hospitalizations.
Association of Epstein-Barr virus genome with mixed cellularity and cellular phase nodular sclerosis Hodgkin's disease subtypes
Authors: M. Boiocchi, V. de Re, R. Dolcetti, A. Carbone, A. Scarpa, F. Menestrina
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1992)

Association of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome with Hodgkin's disease (HD) histological subtypes was investigated using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A highly significant association of EBV genome with the mixed cellularity (MC) subtype (10 positive out of 15 cases; 66%) was observed, suggesting a possible etiopathogenetic role of EBV in the induction of this subset. By contrast, a markedly lower frequency of association with EBV genome was found in nodular sclerosis (NS) (12 positive out of 46 cases; 26%) and in nodular lymphocytic predominance (NLP) (0 positive out of 5 cases) HD subtypes. In addition, in the NS series, the presence of EBV genome was mainly restricted to the 'cellular phase' NS subset. This finding strengthens the possibility, suggested by clinico-pathological features and survival rates, that 'cellular phase NS' is a disease more akin to MC than to typical NS HD.
Aprepitant for the Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting with a Moderately Emetogenic Chemotherapy: a Multicenter, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Randomized Study in Japanese Gynecologic Patients Receiving Paclitaxel and Carboplatin
Authors: H. Yahata, K. Sonoda, H. Kobayashi, M. Shimokawa, T. Ohgami, T. Saito, S. Ogawa, K. Sakai, A. Ichinoe, Y. Ueoka, Y. Hasuo, M. Nishida, R. Oishi, K. Kato
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
PU.1 cooperates with IRF4 and IRF8 to suppress pre-B-cell leukemia
Authors: S H M Pang, M Minnich, P Gangatirkar, Z Zheng, A Ebert, G Song, R A Dickins, L M Corcoran, C G Mullighan, M Busslinger, N D Huntington, S L Nutt, S Carotta
Journal: Leukemia (2016)
Neuroblastoma, Wilms' Tumor, and Cytomegalovirus 1
Authors: Pauline Wertheim, P. A. Voute
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

The possibility that neuroblastomas and Wilms' tumors are induced by cytomegalovirus (CMV) was raised and discussed. A large percentage of patients with these tumors have complement-fixing antibodies against CMV. A hypothesis was presented.
<i>Annals</i>Graphic Medicine: Not the Needle! A Day in the Life of Someone Living With Diabetes
Authors: Catherine H.Y. Yu, Julie H.Y. Man
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2016)

Web Exclusives1 March 2016Annals Graphic Medicine - Not the Needle! A Day in the Life of Someone Living With DiabetesFREECatherine H.Y. Yu, MD and Julie H.Y. Man, MScCatherine H.Y. Yu, MDSearch for more papers by this author and Julie H.Y. Man, MScSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/G15-0015 SectionsAboutVisual Abstract ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Video. Annals Graphic Medicine - Not the Needle! A Day in the Life of Someone Living With Diabetes Conceived, written, and edited by Catherine H.Y. Yu, MD, and drawn and animated by Julie H.Y. Man, MSc. (Duration 1:16)Annals Graphic Medicine brings together original graphic narratives, comics, animation/video, and other creative forms by those who provide or receive health care. They address medically relevant topics—whether they be poignant, thought-provoking, or just plain entertaining. Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Disclosures: Authors have disclosed no conflicts of interest. Forms can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=G15-0015.Author Information: Dr. Catherine Yu is an endocrinologist with an interest in the role of integrative health informatics tools in patient and clinician education and behavior change. Julie Man is a designer who strives to make complex data more accessible through visual communication, appropriately used media/methods, and an in-depth understanding of the target audience and their needs (julieman.com).Corresponding Author: Catherine H.Y. Yu, MD; e-mail, [email protected]ca.Author Contributions: Conception and design: J.H.Y. Man, C.H.Y. Yu.Drafting of the article: C.H.Y. Yu.Critical revision for important intellectual content: C.H.Y. Yu.Final approval of the article: J.H.Y. Man, C.H.Y. Yu.Obtaining of funding: C.H.Y. Yu.Administrative, technical, or logistic support: J.H.Y. Man, C.H.Y. Yu.Conceived, written, and edited by Catherine H.Y. Yu, MD, and drawn and animated by Julie H.Y. Man, MSc. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited by“Brought to life through imagery” – animated graphic novels to promote empathic, patient-centred care in postgraduate medical learnersGraphic Stories as Cultivators of Empathy in Medical Clerkship Education“There’s no billing code for empathy” - Animated comics remind medical students of empathy: a qualitative study 1 March 2016Volume 164, Issue 5Page: GM1KeywordsBehaviorConflicts of interestDisclosureHealth careHealth informatics ePublished: 1 March 2016 Issue Published: 1 March 2016 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2016 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
Mortality From Multiple Myeloma Among North Carolina Furniture Workers
Authors: D J Tollerud, L A Brinton, B J Stone, J K Tobacman, W A Blattner
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

The risk of multiple myeloma among furniture workers was investigated in a case-control study with the use of death certificate statements on occupation in North Carolina counties with heavy employment in furniture-manufacturing industries. From computerized mortality listings, 301 male deaths from multiple myeloma were identified, and 858 controls were selected from deaths due to other causes; controls were matched by sex, race, county of usual residence, age at death, and year of death. Employment in the furniture industry was associated with a nonsignificant excess risk of multiple myeloma [relative risk (RR) = 1.3], particularly among subjects who died before age 65 (RR = 1.7) and among those born before 1905 (RR = 1.5). A significantly elevated risk (RR = 5.4) was seen for furniture workers who were born before 1905 and died prior to age 65. Unexpectedly, farmers were found to have a significantly decreased risk of multiple myeloma (RR = 0.6). The finding of an elevated risk of myeloma in earlier cohorts of furniture workers may be a clue to the nature of the environmental exposure.