tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Lipomatous Hypertrophy of the Atrial Septum
Authors: C. Basso, R. Barbazza, G. Thiene
Journal: Circulation (1998)

A 74-year-old woman with a history of lung tuberculosis, peptic ulcer, diabetes mellitus (type 2), and progressive deterioration of psychomotor activity died after admission to hospital for acute bronchitis.A basal ECG showed sinus rhythm, heart rate of 88 bpm, and P-wave abnormalities consisting of amplitude Ͼ2.5 mm in lead II, duration Ͼ100 ms, and "notching" configuration.Lipomatous hypertrophy of the atrial septum was found incidentally at autopsy, with a mass 3ϫ2 cm in size.In vitro nuclear magnetic resonance of a heart specimen showed (Fig 1a) a round mass of bright intensity similar to epicardial fat within the atrial septum, corresponding to the grossly evident lipomatous accumulation (Fig 1b). 1,2 histological examination (Fig 1c), the nonencapsulated mass contained mature adipocytes with intermingled myocytes and mild interstitial fibrosis (Azan stain).
Metabolic syndrome and chronic hepatitis B: is the evidence enough?
Authors: Henry Lik-Yuen Chan, Grace Lai-Hung Wong, Vincent Wai-Sun Wong
Journal: Gut (2010)

We appreciated the interest and comment of Li and colleagues on our recent publication.1 We would like to acknowledge the results from the Taiwanese longitudinal studies concerning the effect of fatty liver, obesity and type 2 diabetes on the risk of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. This evidence echoed the conclusion of the present study that metabolic syndrome increased the risk of liver cirrhosis in CHB.

In the present cross-sectional study, the causal …
Prognostic factors for recurrence after conservative treatment in a series of 119 patients with stage I serous borderline tumors of the ovary
Authors: C. Uzan, E. Muller, A. Kane, A. Rey, S. Gouy, S. Bendiffallah, P. Duvillard, R. Fauvet, E. Darai, P. Morice
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2013)
High-Dose Celecoxib and Metronomic “Low-dose” Cyclophosphamide Is an Effective and Safe Therapy in Patients with Relapsed and Refractory Aggressive Histology Non–Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Authors: Rena Buckstein, Robert S. Kerbel, Yuval Shaked, Rakesh Nayar, Cindy Foden, Ruth Turner, Christine R. Lee, Diane Taylor, Liying Zhang, Shan Man, Sylvain Baruchel, Diana Stempak, Francesco Bertolini, Michael Crump
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

Angiogenesis is increased in aggressive histology non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and may be a target with selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition and metronomic chemotherapy.We assessed response, toxicity, and biomarkers of angiogenesis to low-dose cyclophosphamide (50 mg p.o. o.d.) and high-dose celecoxib (400 mg p.o. b.i.d.) in adult patients with relapsed or refractory aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in a multicenter phase II prospective study.Thirty-two of 35 patients (median age, 62 years) are evaluable for response. Patients had primarily relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (63%) were heavily pretreated (median of three regimens) and high risk (79% international prognostic index, >or=2) and 34% were relapsed after autologous stem cell transplant. With a median follow-up of 8.4 months, the overall best response rate is 37% (2 complete clinical response/complete clinical response unconfirmed and 9 partial response), with 22% achieving stable disease. Median overall and progression-free survivals are 14.4 and 4.7 months, respectively. The median response duration was 8.2 months. The most common toxicity was skin rash (40%); myelosuppression and gastrointestinal side effects were uncommon. Three patients developed deep vein thromboses and two heavily pretreated patients developed treatment-related acute myelogenous leukemia or myelodysplasia after 3.7 and 12 months of therapy. Circulating endothelial cells and their precursors declined and remained low in responders, whereas plasma vascular endothelial growth factor trended to decline in responding patients but increase in nonresponders. Trough celecoxib levels achieved targeted "antiangiogenic" levels.Low-dose cyclophosphamide and high-dose celecoxib is well tolerated and active in pretreated aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Close surveillance for arterial and venous thrombotic events is recommended. The decline in circulating endothelial cells and their precursors suggests that this combination may be working by inhibiting angiogenesis but should be validated in a larger patient sample.
Does anti-mutated citrullinated vimentin have additional value as a serological marker in the diagnostic and prognostic investigation of patients with rheumatoid arthritis? A systematic review
Authors: J J Luime, E M Colin, J M W Hazes, E Lubberts
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2009)

Objective: To review the diagnostic and prognostic value of anti-mutated citrullinated vimentin (MCV) in rheumatoid arthritis, taking into account the already available serology. Methods: Medline was searched via PubMed (1966 to May 2008) for anti-MCV and related terms, arthritis and arthropathies. Studies with anti-MCV, arthritis/arthropathy, and primary data on diagnosis and/or prognosis were included. Their methodological quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS) instrument for diagnostic studies and the modified Hayden list for prognostic studies. Results: Of 14 eligible studies, 11 included diagnostic data and 3 included prognostic data. No study evaluated anti-MCV as an added diagnostic test to the already available anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) and rheumatoid factor serology. One study included the optimal patient spectrum resulting in a sensitivity of 0.59 and specificity of 0.98. A total of 10 diagnostic case-control studies using the same anti-MCV kit showed a sensitivity of 0.64–0.84 and a specificity of 0.79–0.96. This almost equalled the performance of anti-CCP in the same studies. The prognostic evaluation of anti-MCV was limited by differences in study methodology, outcome and statistical modelling. Individual studies showed moderate associations for anti-MCV and radiological progression with the strength of the association comparable to that of anti-CCP. Conclusions: Study heterogeneity, choice of study population and methodological limitations limited overall conclusions about the true diagnostic and prognostic test performance of anti-MCV. Evidence from the diagnostic case-control studies suggests that anti-MCV may be used as an alternative for anti-CCP.
Efficient and Stable Transduction of Cardiomyocytes After Intramyocardial Injection or Intracoronary Perfusion With Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus Vectors
Authors: Eric C. Svensson, Deborah J. Marshall, Karen Woodard, Hua Lin, Fang Jiang, Lein Chu, Jeffrey M. Leiden
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —The delivery of recombinant genes to cardiomyocytes holds promise for the treatment of a variety of cardiovascular diseases. Previous gene transfer approaches that used direct injection of plasmid DNA or replication-defective adenovirus vectors have been limited by low transduction frequencies and transient transgene expression due to immune responses, respectively. In this report, we have tested the feasibility of using intramyocardial injection or intracoronary infusions of recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors to program transgene expression in murine cardiomyocytes in vivo. Methods and Results —We constructed an rAAV containing the LacZ gene under the transcriptional control of the cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter (AAV CMV-LacZ ). We then injected 1×10 8 infectious units (IU) of this virus into the left ventricular myocardium of adult CD-1 mice. Control hearts were injected with the Ad CMV-LacZ adenovirus vector. Hearts harvested 2, 4, and 8 weeks after AAV CMV-LacZ injection demonstrated stable β-galactosidase (β-gal) expression in large numbers of cardiomyocytes without evidence of myocardial inflammation or myocyte necrosis. In contrast, the Ad CMV-LacZ -injected hearts displayed transient β-gal expression, which was undetectable by 4 weeks after injection. Explanted C57BL/6 mouse hearts were also perfused via the coronary arteries with 1.5×10 9 IU of AAV CMV-LacZ and assayed 2, 4, and 8 weeks later for β-gal expression. β-Gal expression was detected in &lt;1% of cardiomyocytes at 2 weeks after perfusion but was detected in up to 50% of cardiomyocytes 4 to 8 weeks after perfusion. Conclusions —Direct intramyocardial injection or coronary artery perfusion with rAAV vectors can be used to program stable transgene expression in cardiomyocytes in vivo. rAAV appears to represent a useful vector for the delivery of therapeutic genes to the myocardium.
α-synuclein locus duplication as a cause of familial Parkinson's disease
Authors: Marie-Christine Chartier-Harlin, Jennifer Kachergus, Christophe Roumier, Vincent Mouroux, Xavier Douay, Sarah Lincoln, Clotilde Levecque, Lydie Larvor, Joris Andrieux, Mary Hulihan, Nawal Waucquier, Luc Defebvre, Philippe Amouyel, Matthew Farrer, Alain Destée
Journal: The Lancet (2004)
Phase II Study of Gemcitabine (2',2'-Difluorodeoxycytidine) in Previously Treated Ovarian Cancer Patients
Authors: B. Lund, O. P. Hansen, K. Theilade, M. Hansen, J. P. Neijt
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1994)

Platinum-containing combination chemotherapy has resulted in improved survival rates in patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma, but the majority of the patients still die of their disease. It is therefore important to develop new non-cross-resistant drugs. Gemcitabine (2',2'-difluorodeoxycytidine) has shown a broad spectrum of antineoplastic activity in tumor cell cultures in vitro and in animal tumor models. Clinical activity also has been reported in a variety of solid tumor types.Our purpose was to assess the clinical activity of gemcitabine in previously treated ovarian cancer patients and to further characterize the toxicity of the compound.Gemcitabine (800 mg/m2) was given intravenously once a week for 3 consecutive weeks, followed by 1 week of rest. A maximum of two different prior treatment regimens was allowed. Response was assessed by pelvic examination and/or ultrasound and computed tomography scans every other course.Fifty patients were eligible; 35 (70%) had bulky disease (tumor greater than 5 cm in diameter). All patients had received prior platinum-containing combination chemotherapy. Forty-two patients were assessable for response. Eight (19%) of the 42 patients (95% confidence interval = 9%-34%) achieved a partial response, with a median response duration of 8.1 months (range, 4.4-12.5 months). All responders started treatment with gemcitabine within 6 months of prior treatment, and seven of the eight responders were resistant to first-line platinum-containing combination chemotherapy. Overall median time to progression was 2.8 months (range, 0.2 12.5 months), and overall median survival was 6.2 months (range, 0.2-26.0 months). Forty-eight patients were assessable for toxicity. Leukocytopenia and thrombocytopenia were the main toxic effects that caused dose omissions (27% and 14%, respectively) and dose reductions (37% and 21%, respectively). A transient mild flu-like syndrome occurred in 28% of the patients, and treatment-related peripheral edema developed in 22%. Grade 1 hematuria (53% of patients), grade 1-2 proteinuria (79% of patients), and liver toxicity that was mostly grade 1-2 (59% of patients) were also observed.Gemcitabine is a well-tolerated new drug with activity in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer patients.Confirmatory trials are needed, and the activity of gemcitabine in previously untreated patients should be assessed.
Longitudinal study of birth weight and adult body mass index in predicting risk of coronary heart disease and stroke in women
Authors: Janet W Rich-Edwards, Ken Kleinman, Karin B Michels, Meir J Stampfer, JoAnn E Manson, Kathryn M Rexrode, Eileen N Hibert, Walter C Willett
Journal: BMJ (2005)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives</b> To determine whether birth weight and adult body size interact to predict coronary heart disease in women, as has been observed for men. To determine whether birth weight and adult body size interact to predict risk of stroke. <b>Design</b> Longitudinal cohort study. <b>Setting and participants</b> 66 111 female nurses followed since 1976 who were born of singleton, term pregnancies and reported their birth weight in 1992. <b>Main outcome measures</b> 1504 events of coronary heart disease (myocardial infarction or sudden cardiac death) and 1164 strokes. <b>Results</b> For each kilogram of higher birth weight, age adjusted hazard ratios from prospective analysis were 0.77 (95% confidence interval 0.69 to 0.87) for coronary heart disease and 0.89 (0.78 to 1.01) for total stroke. In combined prospective and retrospective analysis, hazard ratios were 0.84 (0.76 to 0.93) for total stroke, 0.83 (0.71 to 0.96) for ischaemic stroke, and 0.86 (0.66 to 1.11) for haemorrhagic stroke. Exclusion of macrosomic infants (&gt; 4536 g) yielded stronger estimates. Risk of coronary heart disease was especially high for women who crossed from a low centile of weight at birth to a high centile of body mass index in adulthood. The association of lower birth weight with increased risk of stroke was apparent across categories of body mass index in adults and was not especially strong among heavier women. <b>Conclusions</b> Higher body mass index in adulthood is an especially strong risk factor for coronary heart disease among women who were small at birth. In this large cohort of women, size at birth and adiposity in adulthood interacted to predict events of coronary heart disease but not stroke events.
The Importance of Caloric Restriction in the Early Improvements in Insulin Sensitivity After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery
Authors: Kerem Ozer, Shadi Abdelnour, Ajjai S. Alva
Journal: Diabetes Care (2010)

We commend Isbell et al. (1) on an important study on the immediate weight loss–independent effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and caloric restriction on glucose metabolism. The study, along with others (2), adds to the increasing understanding of changes in insulin resistance postbariatric surgery. However, the criteria applied to select the …
Health-Related Quality of Life Results in Pathologic Stage C Prostate Cancer From a Southwest Oncology Group Trial Comparing Radical Prostatectomy Alone With Radical Prostatectomy Plus Radiation Therapy
Authors: Carol M. Moinpour, Katherine A. Hayden, Joseph M. Unger, Ian M. Thompson, Mary W. Redman, Edith D. Canby-Hagino, Betsy A. Higgins, Jerry W. Sullivan, Dianne Lemmon, Sheila Breslin, E. David Crawford
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

To compare short- and long-term effects of adjuvant treatment versus observation after surgery on health-related quality of life (HRQL) of prostate cancer patients.The Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) intergroup trial compared radical prostatectomy (RP) plus observation versus RP plus adjuvant radiation therapy (RT). Two-hundred seventeen of 425 therapeutic trial patients were eligible and registered to the HRQL study. Patients completed the SWOG Quality of Life Questionnaire (emotional, physical, social, and role function; general symptom status; treatment/disease-specific symptoms; and global HRQL [GHRQL]) at baseline, 6 weeks, 6 months, and annually for 5 years. Prespecified outcomes were three genitourinary symptoms (bowel function tenderness, frequent urination, and erectile dysfunction [ED]) and measures of physical and emotional function. Adjustments were made for the baseline score.Patients receiving adjuvant RT reported worse bowel function (through approximately 2 years) and worse urinary function. There were no statistically significant differences for ED. GHRQL was initially worse for the RP+RT arm but improved over time and was better at the end of the period than the GHRQL reported for RP alone (treatment arm x time interaction, P = .0004). Symptom distress was significantly worse for the RP+RT arm compared with the RP alone arm, but the treatment arms did not differ with respect to other general measures of HRQL.The addition of RT to surgery resulted in more frequent urination, as well as early report of more bowel dysfunction, although bowel function differences disappeared over the 5-year period. The addition of RT did not negatively impact ED.
Prognosis of Aortic Intramural Hematoma With and Without Penetrating Atherosclerotic Ulcer
Authors: Fumikiyo Ganaha, D. Craig Miller, Koji Sugimoto, Young Soo Do, Hiroki Minamiguchi, Haruo Saito, R. Scott Mitchell, Michael D. Dake
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background — Advances in imaging techniques have increased the recognition of aortic intramural hematomas (IMHs) and penetrating atherosclerotic ulcers (PAUs); however, distinction between IMH and PAU remains unclear. We intended to clarify differences between IMH coexisting with PAU and IMH not associated with PAU by comparisons of clinical features, imaging findings, and patient outcome to derive the optimal therapeutic approach. Methods and Results — We performed a retrospective analysis of 65 symptomatic patients with aortic IMH. There were 34 patients with IMH associated with PAU (group 1) and 31 patients with IMH unaccompanied by PAU (group 2). Involvement of the ascending aorta (type A) was more frequent in group 2 (8 of 31, 26%), whereas most of the patients in group 1 had exclusive involvement of the descending aorta (type B) (31of 34, 91%). Patients were subdivided into 2 categories, those with clinical progression and those with stable disease. Forty-eight percent of patients in group 1 and 8% in group 2 were in the progressive category ( P =0.002). Clinical and radiological findings were compared between those group 1 patients who had a progressive disease course (n=12) and those who were stable (n=13). Sustained or recurrent pain ( P &lt;0.0001), increasing pleural effusion ( P =0.0003), and both the maximum diameter ( P =0.004) and maximum depth ( P =0.003) of the PAU were reliable predictors of disease progression. Conclusions — This study suggests a difference in disease behavior that argues for the prognostic importance of making a clear distinction between IMH caused by PAU and IMH not associated with PAU. IMH with PAU was significantly associated with a progressive disease course, whereas IMH without PAU typically had a stable course, especially when limited to the descending thoracic aorta.
Inhibition of the Intrinsic Apoptosis Pathway Downstream of Caspase-9 Activation Causes Chemotherapy Resistance in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Saskia A.G.M. Cillessen, Corine J. Hess, Erik Hooijberg, Kitty C.M. Castricum, Pim Kortman, Fedor Denkers, Wim Vos, Mark A. van de Wiel, Gerrit J. Schuurhuis, Gert J. Ossenkoppele, Chris J.L.M. Meijer, Joost J. Oudejans
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Purpose: Inhibition of the apoptosis cascade is an important cause of therapy resistance in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL). In this study, we investigated possible mechanisms and expression levels of apoptosis-related genes in the apoptosis pathway that may be responsible for differences in chemotherapy sensitivity between DLBCL patients. Experimental Design: Twenty-eight DLBCL patient samples were investigated for their expression levels of apoptosis-related genes using reverse transcription-multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification analysis. Functional analysis of the intrinsic, caspase-9–mediated pathway was done using fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis, Western blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry. Results: Two DLBCL groups were identified: one with low expression levels of both proapoptotic and antiapoptotic genes and one group with high expression levels of these genes. DLBCL with high expression levels of proapoptotic and antiapoptotic genes frequently seemed to be refractory to clinical chemotherapy. Functional analysis in these latter DLBCL samples and DLBCL cell lines with comparable expression profiles revealed high levels of spontaneous caspase-9 activity without induction of apoptosis, indicating disruption of the apoptosis pathway downstream of caspase-9 activation. This disruption of the apoptosis pathway could be restored using a small-molecule XIAP antagonist. Conclusions: We conclude that the intrinsic, caspase-9–mediated apoptosis pathway is constitutively activated in part of chemotherapy-refractory DLBCL with concomitant downstream inhibition of the convergence apoptosis pathway and that inhibition of XIAP might be an alternative therapy for chemotherapy-refractory DLBCL.
Feasibility and diagnostic performance of the FibroScan XL probe for liver stiffness measurement in overweight and obese patients
Authors: Robert P. Myers, Gilles Pomier–Layrargues, Richard Kirsch, Aaron Pollett, Andres Duarte–Rojo, David Wong, Melanie Beaton, Mark Levstik, Pam Crotty, Magdy Elkashab
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

Failure of liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by transient elastography (TE, FibroScan) and unreliable results occur in ≈ 5% and 15% of patients, respectively, mainly due to obesity. In this multicenter study, we evaluated the feasibility and performance of the novel FibroScan XL probe in 276 patients with chronic liver disease (42% viral hepatitis, 46% nonalcoholic fatty liver disease [NAFLD]) and a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 28 kg/m(2) . Patients underwent liver biopsy and TE with the standard M and XL probes. TE failure was defined as no valid LSMs and unreliable examinations as <10 valid LSMs or an interquartile range (IQR)/LSM >30% or success rate <60%. Probe performance for diagnosing ≥ F2 fibrosis and cirrhosis (F4) versus biopsy were examined using areas under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC). FibroScan failure was less frequent with the XL probe than the M probe (1.1% versus 16%) and the XL probe was more often reliable (73% versus 50%; both P < 0.00005). Reliable results with the XL probe were obtained in 61% of patients in whom the M probe was unreliable. Among 178 patients with ≥ 10 valid LSMs using both probes, liver stiffness was highly correlated between probes (ρ = 0.86; P < 0.0005); however, median liver stiffness was lower using the XL probe (6.8 versus 7.8 kPa; P < 0.00005). The AUROC of the XL and M probes were similar for ≥ F2 fibrosis (0.83 versus 0.86; P = 0.19) and cirrhosis (0.94 versus 0.91; P = 0.28).Compared with the M probe, the FibroScan XL probe reduces TE failure and facilitates reliable LSM in obese patients. Although the probes have comparable accuracy, lower liver stiffness cutoffs will be necessary when the XL probe is used to noninvasively assess liver fibrosis.