tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Vascularization in Primary Breast Carcinomas: Its Prognostic Significance and Relationship with Tumor Cell Dissemination
Authors: Hari Prasad Dhakal, Bjørn Naume, Marit Synnestvedt, Elin Borgen, Rolf Kaaresen, Ellen Schlichting, Gro Wiedswang, Assia Bassarova, Karl-Erik Giercksky, Jahn M. Nesland
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Purpose: The interaction between tumor cells, stroma, and endothelial cells is important for the dissemination of tumor cells. The aim of the present study is to examine vascularity in primary breast carcinomas and its prognostic significance and relationship with tumor cell dissemination. Experimental Design: A total of 498 invasive breast carcinomas were analyzed. Representative tumor sections were stained for CD34 and CD105, and vascularity was quantified by the Chalkley method. The relationship between Chalkley counts, vascular invasion, disseminated tumor cells (DTC) in the bone marrow, other clinicopathologic variables, and clinical outcome was evaluated. Results: High vascular grades determined by Chalkley counts were significantly associated with shorter distant disease–free survival and breast cancer–specific survival in all patients (P &amp;lt; 0.001, log-rank) and in node-negative patients not receiving adjuvant systemic therapy (P &amp;lt; 0.05). In multivariate analysis, both CD34 and CD105 Chalkley counts showed prognostic significance for distant disease–free survival (P = 0.014 and P = 0.026), whereas CD34 also showed prognostic significance for breast cancer–specific survival (P = 0.007). Vascular invasion and DTCs in the bone marrow showed independent prognostic significance. DTC did not discriminate survival for CD34 low Chalkley counts, whereas a very poor prognosis was observed for DTC-positive patients with high CD34 counts. In node-negative patients not receiving systemic chemotherapy, high CD34 and high CD105 counts in combination identified patients with unfavorable outcome, as opposed to all other CD34/CD105 combinations. Conclusions: Improved identification of risk groups could be obtained by adding CD34 and CD105 vascular analysis to DTC, vascular invasion, and other primary tumor factors. This may facilitate the selection of candidates for adjuvant systemic therapy.
A comparative radiological study of the pubic symphysis in rheumatic disorders.
Authors: D L Scott, C J Eastmond, V Wright
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1979)

Radiological abnormalities are often seen at the pubic symphysis in rheumatic disorders. In a radiological study of 120 patients with rheumatic diseases osteitis pubis with erosive and sclerotic changes was a feature of ankylosing spondylitis. Irregularity and subluxation were not related to osteitis pubis or diagnostic group but were common in females and had a possible association with previous pregnancy.
Phase I dose-finding study of paclitaxel with panitumumab, carboplatin and intensity-modulated radiotherapy in patients with locally advanced squamous cell cancer of the head and neck
Authors: L.J. Wirth, A.M. Allen, M.R. Posner, R.I. Haddad, Y. Li, J.R. Clark, P.M. Busse, A.W. Chan, L.A. Goguen, C.M. Norris, D.J. Annino, R.B. Tishler
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2009)
Patient-Reported Outcome (PRO) questionnaires for young to middle-aged adults with hip and groin disability: a systematic review of the clinimetric evidence
Authors: K Thorborg, M Tijssen, B Habets, E M Bartels, E M Roos, J Kemp, K M Crossley, P Hölmich
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2015)

To recommend Patient-Reported Outcome (PRO) questionnaires to measure hip and groin disability in young-aged to middle-aged adults.A systematic review was performed in June 2014. The methodological quality of the studies included was determined using the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments list (COSMIN) together with standardised evaluations of measurement properties of each PRO.Twenty studies were included. Nine different questionnaires for patients with hip disability, and one for hip and groin disability, were identified. Hip And Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS), Hip Outcome Score (HOS), International Hip Outcome Tool-12 (IHOT-12) and IHOT-33 were the most thoroughly investigated PROs and studies including these PROs reported key aspects of the COSMIN checklist. HAGOS and IHOT-12 were based on studies with the least ratings of poor study methodology (23% and 31%, respectively), whereas IHOT-33 and HOS had a somewhat larger distribution (46%). These PROs all contain adequate measurement qualities for content validity (except HOS), test-retest reliability, construct validity, responsiveness and interpretability. No information or poor quality rating on methodological aspects made it impossible to fully evaluate the remaining PROs at present.HAGOS, HOS, IHOT-12 and IHOT-33 can be recommended for assessment of young-aged to middle-aged adults with pain related to the hip joint, undergoing non-surgical treatment or hip arthroscopy. At present, HAGOS is the only PRO also aimed for young-aged to middle-aged adults presenting with groin pain and is recommended for use in this population.CRD42014009995.
2009 ACCF/AHA Focused Update on Perioperative Beta Blockade Incorporated Into the ACC/AHA 2007 Guidelines on Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation and Care for Noncardiac Surgery
Authors: Lee A. Fleisher, Joshua A. Beckman, Kenneth A. Brown, Hugh Calkins, Elliot L. Chaikof, Kirsten E. Fleischmann, William K. Freeman, James B. Froehlich, Edward K. Kasper, Judy R. Kersten, Barbara Riegel, John F. Robb
Journal: Circulation (2009)
Antifungal and antiviral chemotherapy
Authors: THOMAS J. PALLASCH
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2002)

Fungal and viral infections are difficult to treat, since fungal infections commonly rebound after suppression by the antifungal agent and current antiviral drugs are only virustatic, allowing the virus to reassert its pathogenicity if not eliminated by the host defenses. In addition, fungal infections commonly are associated with significant biofilms, retarding drug penetration, and the fluid nature of the oral cavity does not promote drug-fungus contact for long periods of time. Both mycotic and viral pathogens are developing sophisticated methods to elude the toxic effects of drugs intended to eliminate their existence. The drug therapy of oral fungal and viral infections is therefore limited but occasionally successful (more with fungal than viral infections) and is often relegated to palliative care. The specter of drug resistance and its promotion by prolonged, repetitive and frivolous use must always be foremost in the clinician's mind.
The selective and conjoint loss of red cell lipids
Authors: Richard A. Cooper, James H. Jandl
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1969)

The pattern of lipid loss from the membrane of red cells incubated in serum is influenced by the availability of glucose. Under homeostatic conditions with respect to glucose, cholesterol alone is lost. This results from esterification of free cholesterol in serum by the serum enzyme, lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase, and is associated with a proportional decrease in membrane surface area, reflected by an increased osmotic fragility. This selective loss of membrane cholesterol also occurs in hereditary spherocytosis (HS) red cells, even after incubation for 65 hr in the presence of glucose. The loss of free cholesterol from red cells relative to its loss from serum, under these conditions, is greatest at higher hematocrits, similar to those found in the spleen. Although the selective loss of membrane cholesterol increases the spherodicity of normal red cells, it does not lead to a change in their rate of glucose consumption, and both the loss of cholesterol and the increase in osmotic fragility are reversible in vitro. Moreover, normal red cells made osmotically fragile by cholesterol depletion in vitro rapidly become osmotically normal and survive normally after their reinfusion in vivo.In contrast to this selective loss of membrane cholesterol, red cells incubated in the absence of glucose lose both cholesterol and phospholipid. This occurs more rapidly in HS than normal red cells and is followed by a disruption of cation gradients and then by hemolysis. Cholesterol and phospholipid lost under these conditions is not restored during subsequent incubations in vitro. Selective loss of membrane cholesterol is a physiologic event secondary to an altered state of serum lipids. It is reversible both in vitro and in vivo and neither influences cellular metabolism nor impairs viability. Conjoint loss of phospholipid and cholesterol, however, results from intrinsic injury to the red cell membrane which results from prolonged metabolic depletion.
Long-Term Outcomes of Coronary-Artery Bypass Grafting versus Stent Implantation
Authors: Edward L. Hannan, Michael J. Racz, Gary Walford, Robert H. Jones, Thomas J. Ryan, Edward Bennett, Alfred T. Culliford, O. Wayne Isom, Jeffrey P. Gold, Eric A. Rose
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

Several studies have compared outcomes for coronary-artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), but most were done before the availability of stenting, which has revolutionized the latter approach.
Angiotensin II Induces Interleukin-6 Transcription in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Through Pleiotropic Activation of Nuclear Factor-κB Transcription Factors
Authors: Youqi Han, Marschall S. Runge, Allan R. Brasier
Journal: Circulation Research (1999)

Abstract —Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine expressed by angiotensin II (Ang II)-stimulated vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) that functions as an autocrine growth factor. In this study, we analyze the mechanism for Ang II-inducible IL-6 expression in quiescent rat VSMCs. Stimulation with the Ang II agonist Sar 1 Ang II (100 nmol/L) induced transcriptional expression of IL-6 mRNA transcripts of 1.8 and 2.4 kb. In transient transfection assays of IL-6 promoter/luciferase reporter plasmids, Sar 1 Ang II treatment induced IL-6 transcription in a manner completely dependent on the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) motif. Sar 1 Ang II induced cytoplasmic-to-nuclear translocation of the NF-κB subunits Rel A and NF-κB1 with parallel changes in DNA-binding activity in a biphasic manner, which produced an early peak at 15 minutes followed by a nadir 1 to 6 hours later and a later peak at 24 hours. The early phase of NF-κB translocation was dependent on weak simultaneous proteolysis of the IκBα and β inhibitors, whereas later translocation was associated with enhanced processing of the p105 precursor into the mature 50-kDa NF-κB1 form. Pretreatment with a potent inhibitor of IκBα proteolysis, TPCK, completely blocked Sar 1 Ang IIAng II-induced NF-κB activation and induction of endogenous IL-6 gene expression, which indicated the essential role of NF-κB in mediating IL-6 expression. We conclude that Ang II is a pleiotropic regulator of the NF-κB transcription factor family and may be responsible for activating the expression of cytokine gene networks in VSMCs.
Current status of lung transplantation
Authors: C.L. Lau, G.A. Patterson
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2003)

Two decades have passed since the first successful clinical lung transplant was performed in 1983, and, in the interim, lung transplantation has become the preferred treatment option for a variety of end-stage pulmonary diseases. Remarkable progress has been made in the field through refinement of technique and improved understanding of transplant immunology and microbiology. Unfortunately, donor shortages continue to limit the more widespread application of lung transplantation. In order to address this issue, marginal donors, living lobar and split lung donor techniques, and nonheartbeating donors have been used clinically to increase the number of donor lungs available. Chronic rejection of the lung allograft is currently the major hurdle limiting long-term survival. To date, prevention of known risk factors and treatment strategies have not lessened the devastating toll this process has on lung transplant survival. Better understanding of the cause of chronic rejection is needed in order to develop novel strategies for its treatment. Promotion of immune tolerance is a promising area that could potentially eliminate chronic rejection. The present article discusses recent advances in lung transplantation. It also details the major issues facing the field today. Only through continued clinical and experimental investigation will lung transplantation eventually reach its full potential.
Menstrual physiology: implications for endometrial pathology and beyond
Authors: Jacqueline A. Maybin, Hilary O.D. Critchley
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2015)

Each month the endometrium becomes inflamed, and the luminal portion is shed during menstruation. The subsequent repair is remarkable, allowing implantation to occur if fertilization takes place. Aberrations in menstrual physiology can lead to common gynaecological conditions, such as heavy or prolonged bleeding. Increased knowledge of the processes involved in menstrual physiology may also have translational benefits at other tissue sites. Pubmed and Cochrane databases were searched for all original and review articles published in English until April 2015. Search terms included 'endometrium', 'menstruation', 'endometrial repair', 'endometrial regeneration' 'angiogenesis', 'inflammation' and 'heavy menstrual bleeding' or 'menorrhagia'. Menstruation occurs naturally in very few species. Human menstruation is thought to occur as a consequence of preimplantation decidualization, conferring embryo selectivity and the ability to adapt to optimize function. We highlight how current and future study of endometrial inflammation, vascular changes and repair/regeneration will allow us to identify new therapeutic targets for common gynaecological disorders. In addition, we describe how increased knowledge of this endometrial physiology will have many translational applications at other tissue sites. We highlight the clinical applications of what we know, the key questions that remain and the scientific and medical possibilities for the future. The study of menstruation, in both normal and abnormal scenarios, is essential for the production of novel, acceptable medical treatments for common gynaecological complaints. Furthermore, collaboration and communication with specialists in other fields could significantly advance the therapeutic potential of this dynamic tissue.
A single T cell receptor recognizes structurally distinct MHC/peptide complexes with high specificity.
Authors: M D Tallquist, T J Yun, L R Pease
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1996)

The 2C T cell is a CD8+, alloreactive T cell, which recognizes cells bearing Ld and Kbm3 class I major histocompatability complex molecules. Here, we characterize an allopeptide, designated dEV-8, that is a ligand in the Kbm3 molecule for the 2C TCR but is not a ligand in the Ld molecule. By biochemical and immunological properties, dEV-8 is distinct from P2Ca, the Ld allopeptide that is also recognized by the 2C TCR. Using the deduced amino acid sequence of dEV-8, we isolate a candidate endogenous source of the peptide. The endogenous protein, MLRQ, contains a peptide sequence identical to dEV-8. This degenerate recognition of two distinct peptide/MHC complexes by a single TCR has important implications for understanding allorecognition.
Increased left ventricular emptying at maximal exercise after reduction in afterload.
Authors: K Andersen, H Vik-Mo
Journal: Circulation (1984)

Twelve healthy men were studied by M mode echocardiography during exercise to investigate the effect of afterload reduction on left ventricular function at maximal exertion. They performed two maximal exercise bicycle tests 4 hr apart while in the semisupine position and were given 20 mg nifedipine sublingually 30 min before the second test. During the first test end-systolic dimension decreased (p less than .01) and fractional shortening increased from rest to peak exercise (p less than .01), while end-diastolic dimension did not change significantly. At maximal exercise systolic blood pressure was lower after nifedipine than in the preceding control test (202 +/- 10 [mean +/- SD] vs 212 +/- 14 mm Hg; p less than .01), while heart rate was not significantly changed (168 +/- 15 vs 162 +/- 13 beats/min). End-systolic dimension was lower (25.6 +/- 3.3 vs 28.8 +/- 4.2 mm; p less than .01) and fractional shortening higher (50.7 +/- 6.0% vs 45.3 +/- 7.0%; p less than .01) while end-diastolic dimension was unchanged (52.3 +/- 1.9 vs 52.4 +/- 2.6 mm). Our data indicate increased left ventricular emptying at maximal exercise after nifedipine, most probably due to reduction in afterload.
Risk and Protective Factors for Falls From Furniture in Young Children
Authors: Denise Kendrick, Asiya Maula, Richard Reading, Paul Hindmarch, Carol Coupland, Michael Watson, Mike Hayes, Toity Deave
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2014)

<h3>Importance</h3> Falls from furniture are common in young children but there is little evidence on protective factors for these falls. <h3>Objective</h3> To estimate associations for risk and protective factors for falls from furniture in children aged 0 to 4 years. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> Multicenter case-control study at hospitals, minor injury units, and general practices in and around 4 UK study centers. Recruitment commenced June 14, 2010, and ended April 27, 2012. Participants included 672 children with falls from furniture and 2648 control participants matched on age, sex, calendar time, and study center. Thirty-five percent of cases and 33% of control individuals agreed to participate. The mean age was 1.74 years for cases and 1.91 years for control participants. Fifty-four percent of cases and 56% of control participants were male. Exposures included safety practices, safety equipment use, and home hazards. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Falls from furniture occurring at the child's home resulting in attendance at an emergency department, minor injury unit, or hospital admission. <h3>Results</h3> Compared with parents of control participants, parents of cases were significantly more likely not to use safety gates in the home (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.65; 95% CI, 1.29-2.12) and not to have taught their children rules about climbing on kitchen objects (AOR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.16-2.15). Cases aged 0 to 12 months were significantly more likely to have been left on raised surfaces (AOR, 5.62; 95% CI, 3.62-8.72), had their diapers changed on raised surfaces (AOR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.24-2.88), and been put in car/bouncing seats on raised surfaces (AOR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.29-3.27). Cases 3 years and older were significantly more likely to have played or climbed on furniture (AOR, 9.25; 95% CI, 1.22-70.07). Cases were significantly less likely to have played or climbed on garden furniture (AOR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.56-0.97). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> If estimated associations are causal, some falls from furniture may be prevented by incorporating advice into child health contacts, personal child health records, and home safety assessments about use of safety gates; not leaving children, changing diapers, or putting children in car/bouncing seats on raised surfaces; allowing children to play or climb on furniture; and teaching children safety rules about climbing on objects.
Odorant inhalation affects skin barrier homeostasis in mice and humans
Authors: M. Denda, T. Tsuchiya, K. Shoji, M. Tanida
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Journal Article Odorant inhalation affects skin barrier homeostasis in mice and humans Get access M. Denda, M. Denda Shiseido Research Center 2, 2‐12‐1 Fukuura, Kanazawa‐ku, Yokohama 236‐8643, Japan M.Denda. E‐mail: mitsuhiro.denda@to.shiseido.co.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Tsuchiya, T. Tsuchiya Shiseido Research Center 2, 2‐12‐1 Fukuura, Kanazawa‐ku, Yokohama 236‐8643, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Shoji, K. Shoji Shiseido Research Center 2, 2‐12‐1 Fukuura, Kanazawa‐ku, Yokohama 236‐8643, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Tanida M. Tanida Shiseido Research Center 2, 2‐12‐1 Fukuura, Kanazawa‐ku, Yokohama 236‐8643, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 142, Issue 5, 1 May 2000, Pages 1007–1010, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03486.x Published: 01 May 2000
Physiotherapy for adult patients with critical illness: recommendations of the European Respiratory Society and European Society of Intensive Care Medicine Task Force on Physiotherapy for Critically Ill Patients
Authors: R. Gosselink, J. Bott, M. Johnson, E. Dean, S. Nava, M. Norrenberg, B. Schönhofer, K. Stiller, H. van de Leur, J. L. Vincent
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2008)
Lithium Treatment Moderate-Dose Use Study (LiTMUS) for Bipolar Disorder: A Randomized Comparative Effectiveness Trial of Optimized Personalized Treatment With and Without Lithium
Authors: Andrew A. Nierenberg, Edward S. Friedman, Charles L. Bowden, Louisa G. Sylvia, Michael E. Thase, Terence Ketter, Michael J. Ostacher, Andrew C. Leon, Noreen Reilly-Harrington, Dan V. Iosifescu, Michael Pencina, Joanne B. Severe, Joseph R. Calabrese
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2013)

Personalized treatment of bipolar I or II disorder that includes lithium does not appear to be superior to individualized care using other evidence-based treatments. In a 6-month comparison study, the overall remission rate was 27%, with no difference in remission or adverse events between the lithium and nonlithium groups.
The action of -adrenoceptor antagonists on rat heart mitochondrial function in vitro: a comparison of propranolol, timolol, and atenolol
Authors: P J QUINN, E C CRUTCHER
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1984)

The effect of beta-adrenoceptor antagonists, propranolol, timolol and atenolol on functions of rat heart mitochondria in vitro was investigated. Concentrations of all three drugs less than 2 mmol X litre-1 did not affect rates of respiration of uncoupled intact mitochondria supported by substrates of alpha-oxoglutarate, pyruvate-malate or succinate. Inhibition was observed if mitochondria were broken to allow access of substrates and drugs into the mitochondria. Studies of the effect of drug concentration on NADH-supported oxygen uptake and NADH oxidase activity of submitochondrial particles produced from rat heart mitochondria showed a marked inhibition by propranolol: the effect of timolol and atenolol were much less marked and inhibition was only observed at relatively high concentrations of these drugs. Transfer of electrons through Complex I measured by the rate of reduction of ferricyanide by submitochondrial particles inhibited by rotenone and the lack of specific inhibition by propranolol of succinate supported respiration indicated that one site of drug action was between NADH dehydrogenase and its associated flavoprotein, possibly close to the site of rotenone inhibition.
The pro-angiogenic properties of multi-functional bioactive glass composite scaffolds
Authors: Lutz-Christian Gerhardt, Kate L. Widdows, Melek M. Erol, Charles W. Burch, José A. Sanz-Herrera, Ignacio Ochoa, Rolf Stämpfli, Iman S. Roqan, Simon Gabe, Tahera Ansari, Aldo R. Boccaccini
Journal: Biomaterials (2011)
The Serious Suicide Attempt: Epidemiological and Follow-Up Study of 886 Patients
Authors: DAVID H. ROSEN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1970)

Of 886 patients in Edinburgh who attempted suicide, 21 percent made serious attempts and 79 percent nonserious attempts. One-year follow-up revealed that patients making serious attempts had more than twice the suicide rate of the other group. The author feels that patients with depression or insomnia, or both, plus three or more other high-risk signs—older than 40 years; married; recently separated; widowed, retired, or living alone; middle class; good employment record—should be taken seriously, treated, and hospitalized if necessary.