tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
High Response Rate to Cisplatin/Etoposide Regimen in Childhood Low-Grade Glioma
Authors: Maura Massimino, Filippo Spreafico, Graziella Cefalo, Riccardo Riccardi, John David Tesoro-Tess, Lorenza Gandola, Daria Riva, Antonio Ruggiero, Laura Valentini, Elena Mazza, Lorenzo Genitori, Concezio Di Rocco, Piera Navarria, Michela Casanova, Andrea Ferrari, Roberto Luksch, Monica Terenziani, Maria Rosa Balestrini, Cesare Colosimo, Franca Fossati-Bellani
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

The aim of this study was to avoid radiotherapy and to induce an objective response in children with low-grade glioma (LGG) using a simple chemotherapy regimen based on cisplatin and etoposide.Thirty-four children (median age, 45 months) with unresectable LGG were treated with 10 monthly cycles of cisplatin (30 mg/m(2)/d on days 1 to 3) and etoposide (150 mg/m(2)/d on days 1 to 3). Tumor originated in the visual pathway in 29 patients, in the temporal lobe in two, in the frontal lobe in two, and in the spine in one. Eight children were affected by neurofibromatosis type 1. Objective tumor response and toxicity were evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging and neurologic and functional tests at 3-month intervals.An objective response was obtained in 24 (70%) of 34 patients, whereas the others had stable disease. None of the children were electively irradiated. In 31 previously untreated children, overall survival was 100% and progression-free survival was 78% at 3 years, with a median follow-up of 44 months. Acute toxicity was unremarkable; 28% patients evaluated for acoustic neurotoxicity revealed a loss of perception of high frequencies.Cisplatin and etoposide combined treatment is one of the most active regimens for LGG in children and allows avoidance of radiotherapy in the vast majority of patients.
Reasons for abortion.
Authors: D G Clyne
Journal: BMJ (1970)

biopsy specimens, examined with the electron microscope, have indeed revealed the presence of viral formations of 800-1600 A, resembling myxovirus-coronavirus structures (Fig.).It may help to recall that coronaviruses were only recently recognized as an independent viral unit distinct from myxoviruses in the light of serological findings.4Our own observations, and the contribu- tions of Drs.Spencer and Andersen, suggest that the myxovirus-coronavirus organisms that we have detected may be involved in the genesis of hepatitis, with azathioprine acting as an activator and revealer of viruses already present in the liver.Further evidence in favour of a relationship between myxovirus- coronavirus organisms and hepatitis is pro- vided by Dr. A. J. Zuckerman and others (31 January, p. 262), who found a coronavirus in the serum of a chronic hepatitis patient, and by Holmes et al.,5 who found one in the serum of two acute hepatitis patients reacting positively for Australia antigen.-I am, etc.,
Pancreatic Tumor Suppression by Benzyl Isothiocyanate Is Associated with Inhibition of PI3K/AKT/FOXO Pathway
Authors: Srinivas Reddy Boreddy, Kartick C. Pramanik, Sanjay K. Srivastava
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2011)

Our previous studies have shown that benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) suppress pancreatic cancer growth by inducing apoptosis but the molecular mechanism was unclear. In this study we hypothesized the involvement of PI3K/AKT/FOXO pathway in BITC-induced apoptosis.Mice were implanted BxPC-3 tumor xenografts and orally gavaged with 12 μmol BITC. Plasma and tumor BITC concentration was estimated by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. BxPC-3 and PanC-1 cells were used to elucidate PI3K/AKT/FOXO pathway. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), DNA binding activity, immunofluorescence, and gene transfection were used to delineate the mechanism.BITC-treated mice showed 43% less tumor growth as compared with control mice and correlated well with the therapeutic concentrations of 6.5 μmol/L BITC achieved in plasma and 7.5 μmol/g BITC in tumor tissue. Western blot analyses and immunohistochemistry revealed that tumors from BITC-treated mice showed reduced phosphorylation of PI3K, AKT, PDK1, mTOR, FOXO1, and FOXO3a and increased apoptosis. Complementing our in vivo results, we made similar observations in a dose- and time-dependent manner in BITC-treated BxPC-3 and Panc-1 cells. Binding of FOXO1 with 14-3-3 proteins was also reduced drastically by BITC treatment indicating nuclear retention of FOXO1 and this observation was further confirmed with EMSA, immunofluorescence, DNA binding, and upregulation of FOXO-responsive proteins Bim, p27, and p21 in BxPC-3 cells. Overexpression of AKT by transient transfection significantly blocked the modulation of FOXO proteins and protected the cells from BITC-mediated apoptosis and growth suppression.Our results provide convincing evidence on the involvement of PI3K/AKT/FOXO pathway in BITC-mediated pancreatic tumor growth suppression.
Pulmonary function, CT and echocardiographic abnormalities in sickle cell disease
Authors: Alan Lunt, Sujal R Desai, Athol U Wells, David M Hansell, Sitali Mushemi, Narbeh Melikian, Ajay M Shah, Swee Lay Thein, Anne Greenough
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To test the hypothesis that vascular abnormalities on high-resolution CT (HRCT) would be associated with echocardiographic changes and lung function abnormalities in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) and the decline in lung function seen in SCD patients. <h3>Methods</h3> HRCT, echocardiography and lung function assessments were made in 35 adults, 20 of whom had previously been assessed a median of 6.6 years prior to this study. The pulmonary arterial dimensions on HRCT were quantified as the mean segmental pulmonary artery/bronchus (A/B) ratio and the summated cross-sectional area of all pulmonary vessels &lt;5 mm in diameter (cross-sectional area (CSA)&lt;5 mm%). <h3>Results</h3> The segmental A/B ratio was negatively correlated with FEV<sub>1</sub>, vital capacity (VC), forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of VC (FEF<sub>25/75</sub>) and arterial oxygen saturation (SpO<sub>2</sub>) and positively with the residual volume: total lung capacity ratio (RV:TLC) and respiratory system resistance (Rrs). CSA&lt;5 mm% was negatively correlated with FEV<sub>1</sub>, FEF<sub>25/75</sub> and SpO<sub>2</sub> and positively with RV, RV:TLC and respiratory system resistance (Rrs). There were significant correlations between cardiac output assessed by echocardiography and the segmental A/B ratio and CSA&lt;5 mm%. Lung function (FEV<sub>1</sub> p=0.0004, VC p=0.0347, FEF<sub>25/75</sub> p=0.0033) and the segmental A/B ratio (p=0.0347) and CSA&lt;5 mm% (p&lt;0.0001) significantly deteriorated over the follow-up period. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Abnormalities in pulmonary vascular volumes may explain some of the lung function abnormalities and the decline in lung function seen in adults with SCD.
Menstrual Cycle and Respiratory Symptoms in a General Nordic–Baltic Population
Authors: Ferenc Macsali, Cecilie Svanes, Robert B. Sothern, Bryndis Benediktsdottir, Line Bjørge, Julia Dratva, Karl A. Franklin, Mathias Holm, Christer Janson, Ane Johannessen, Eva Lindberg, Ernst R. Omenaas, Vivi Schlünssen, Elizabeth Zemp, Francisco Gómez Real
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2012)

There is little knowledge of variations in respiratory symptoms during the menstrual cycle in a general population, and potential modifying factors are not investigated.To investigate menstrual cycle variation in respiratory symptoms in a large general population, using chronobiology methodology, and stratifying by body mass index (BMI), smoking, and asthma status.A total of 3,926 women with regular cycles less than or equal to 28 days and not taking exogenous sex hormones answered a postal questionnaire regarding the first day of their last menstruation and respiratory symptoms in the last 3 days. Moving 4-day means were computed to smooth uneven records of daily sampling; best-fitting 28-day composite cosine curves were applied to each time series to describe rhythmicity.Significant rhythmic variations over the menstrual cycle were found in each symptom for all subjects and subgroups. Wheezing was higher on cycle Days 10-22, with a midcycle dip near the time of putative ovulation (approximately Days 14-16) in most subgroups. Shortness of breath was higher on days 7-21, with a dip just before midcycle in many subgroups. Cough was higher just after putative ovulation for subjects with asthma, BMI greater than or equal to 23 kg/m(2), and smokers, or just before ovulation and menses onset for low symptomatic subgroups.Respiratory symptoms varied significantly during the menstrual cycle and were most frequent from the midluteal to midfollicular stages, often with a dip near the time of ovulation. The patterns varied by BMI, smoking, and asthma status. These relations link respiratory symptoms with hormonal changes through the menstrual cycle and imply a potential for individualized chronotherapy for respiratory diseases.
Impact of Addition of Maintenance Therapy to Intensive Induction and Consolidation Chemotherapy for Childhood Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia: Results of a Prospective Randomized Trial, LAME 89/91
Authors: Yves Perel, Anne Auvrignon, Thierry Leblanc, Jean-Pierre Vannier, Gerard Michel, Brigitte Nelken, Virginie Gandemer, Claudine Schmitt, Jean-Pierre Lamagnere, Lionel De Lumley, Brigitte Bader-Meunier, Gerard Couillaud, Gerard Schaison, Judith Landman-Parker, Isabelle Thuret, Jean-Hugues Dalle, Andre Baruchel, Guy Leverger for the
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: To determine whether the use of maintenance therapy (MT) delivered after intensive induction and consolidation therapy confers any advantage in childhood acute myeloid leukemia (AML). PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 268 children with AML were registered in the Leucámie Aiquë Myéloïde Enfant (LAME) 89/91 protocol. This regimen included an intensive induction phase (mitoxantrone plus cytarabine) and, for patients without allograft, two consolidation courses, one containing timed-sequential high-dose cytarabine, asparaginase, and amsacrine. In the LAME 89 pilot study, patients were given an additional MT consisting of mercaptopurine and cytarabine for 18 months. In the LAME 91 trial, patients were randomized to receive or not receive MT. RESULTS: A total of 241 (90%) of 268 patients achieved a complete remission. The overall survival and event-free survival at 6 years were 60% ± 6% and 48% ± 6%, respectively. For the complete responders after consolidation therapy, the 5-year disease-free survival was not significantly different in MT-negative and in MT-positive randomized patients (respectively, 60% ± 19% v 50% ± 15%; P = .25), whereas the 5-year overall survival was significantly better in MT-negative randomized patients (81% ± 13% v 58% ± 15%; P = .04) due to a higher salvage rate after relapse. CONCLUSION: More than 50% of patients can be cured of AML in childhood. Either drug intensity or each of the induction and postremission phases may have contributed to the outstanding improvement in outcome. Low-dose MT is not recommended. Exposure to this low-dose MT may contribute to clinical drug resistance and treatment failure in patients who experience relapse.
Computationally Guided Photothermal Tumor Therapy Using Long-Circulating Gold Nanorod Antennas
Authors: Geoffrey von Maltzahn, Ji-Ho Park, Amit Agrawal, Nanda Kishor Bandaru, Sarit K. Das, Michael J. Sailor, Sangeeta N. Bhatia
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Plasmonic nanomaterials have the opportunity to considerably improve the specificity of cancer ablation by i.v. homing to tumors and acting as antennas for accepting externally applied energy. Here, we describe an integrated approach to improved plasmonic therapy composed of multimodal nanomaterial optimization and computational irradiation protocol development. We synthesized polyethylene glycol (PEG)-protected gold nanorods (NR) that exhibit superior spectral bandwidth, photothermal heat generation per gram of gold, and circulation half-life in vivo (t(1/2), approximately 17 hours) compared with the prototypical tunable plasmonic particles, gold nanoshells, as well as approximately 2-fold higher X-ray absorption than a clinical iodine contrast agent. After intratumoral or i.v. administration, we fuse PEG-NR biodistribution data derived via noninvasive X-ray computed tomography or ex vivo spectrometry, respectively, with four-dimensional computational heat transport modeling to predict photothermal heating during irradiation. In computationally driven pilot therapeutic studies, we show that a single i.v. injection of PEG-NRs enabled destruction of all irradiated human xenograft tumors in mice. These studies highlight the potential of integrating computational therapy design with nanotherapeutic development for ultraselective tumor ablation.
Altered composition of urinary excreted heparan sulfate in patients with emphysema
Authors: C.H.A. van de Lest, E.M.M. Versteeg, J.H. Veerkamp, J.H.M. Berden, J. van den Born, C.L.A. van Herwaarden, P.N.R. Dekhuijzen, A.H.M.S.M. van Kuppevelt
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)
Myoglobinemia in Inflammatory Myopathies
Authors: Lawrence J. Kagen
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Myoglobin was detected in the sera of patients with dermatomyositis, polymyositis, scleroderma, and systemic lupus erythematosus (LE) with active myopathy. Overall, myoglobinemia was detected in 74.1% of sera taken from patients with active myositis before therapy, with slightly greater frequency in the groups with dermatomyositis and polymyositis. With steroid therapy, this frequency fell to 43.4% and to 9.5% in patients in clinical remission not requiring therapy. Serum enzyme (creatine phosphokinase, lactic dehydrogenase, and SGOT) activity was higher in samples containing myoglobin, but there was considerable overlap between those with and without myoglobinemia. Sequential serum determinations in six patients demonstrated rapid reduction in the levels of serum myoglobin with therapy, usually before enzyme values had returned to normal. In one patient followed up for 30 months, myoglobinemia correlated with clinically observed exacerbations of rash and weakness to a greater degree than did enzyme determinations. (<i>JAMA</i>237:1448-1452, 1977)
Development of Carotid Intraplaque Hemorrhage Demonstrated by Serial Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: R.M. Kwee, F.H.B.M. Schreuder, W.H. Mess, R.J. van Oostenbrugge, V.H.J.M. Triebels, L.H. van den Akker, S. Heeneman, P.A.M. Hofman, J.M.A. van Engelshoven, J.E. Wildberger, M.E. Kooi
Journal: Circulation (2009)
Molecular evidence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in wild cervids and feeding Ixodes ricinus ticks from west-central Poland
Authors: J. Michalik, J. Stańczak, M. Racewicz, S. Cieniuch, B. Sikora, A. Szubert-Kruszyńska, R. Grochowalska
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2009)
Predictors of poor response to methotrexate in polyarticular-course juvenile idiopathic arthritis: analysis of the PRINTO methotrexate trial
Authors: I. Vilca, P. G. Munitis, A. Pistorio, A. Ravelli, A. Buoncompagni, B. Bica, L. Campos, R. Hafner, M. Hofer, S. Ozen, C. Huemer, S. C. Bae, F. Sztajnbok, O. Arguedas, I. Foeldvari, H. I. Huppertz, M. L. Gamir, B. Magnusson, F. Dressler, Y. Uziel, M. A. J. van Rossum, P. Hollingworth, G. Cawkwell, A. Martini, N. Ruperto
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2010)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To determine whether baseline demographic, clinical, articular and laboratory variables predict methotrexate (MTX) poor response in polyarticular-course juvenile idiopathic arthritis. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients newly treated for 6 months with MTX enrolled in the Paediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organization (PRINTO) MTX trial. Bivariate and logistic regression analyses were used to identify baseline predictors of poor response according to the American College of Rheumatology pediatric (ACR-ped) 30 and 70 criteria. <h3>Results</h3> In all, 405/563 (71.9%) of patients were women; median age at onset and disease duration were 4.3 and 1.4 years, respectively, with anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) detected in 259/537 (48.2%) patients. With multivariate logistic regression analysis, the most important determinants of ACR-ped 70 non-responders were: disease duration &gt;1.3 years (OR 1.93), ANA negativity (OR 1.77), Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ) disability index&gt;1.125 (OR 1.65) and the presence of right and left wrist activity (OR 1.55). Predictors of ACR-ped 30 non-responders were: ANA negativity (OR 1.92), CHAQ disability index&gt;1.14 (OR 2.18) and a parent9s evaluation of child9s overall well-being ≤4.69 (OR 2.2). <h3>Conclusion</h3> The subgroup of patients with longer disease duration, ANA negativity, higher disability and presence of wrist activity were significantly associated with a poorer response to a 6-month MTX course.
Kidney Disease, Hospitalized Hypertension, and Cardiovascular Events: Cause or Consequence?
Authors: Glenn M. Chertow, Tara I. Chang
Journal: Circulation (2010)

this issue of Circulation, Szczech et al 1 report selected results from the Studying the Treatment of Acute Hypertension (STAT) registry, a recently completed observational study whose goal is "to improve the understanding of the clinical condition of acute, severe hypertension . . .managed in a critical care setting and treated with intravenous antihypertensive therapy." 2 The STAT registry is sponsored by the Medicines Company, a publically traded entity focused on "advancing the treatment of critical care patients through the delivery of innovative, cost-effective medicines to the worldwide hospital marketplace." 3The stated goal of the analyses presented was to "define the risk among patients with acute severe hypertension and acute kidney injury (AKI), and the risk associated with both AKI and chronic kidney disease (CKD) on cardiovascular outcomes and mortality." 1 Although the extensive array of analyses presented by Szczech et al highlights an important area of investigation, readers should be circumspect about the conclusions reached.
Evidence of a Causal Role of Winter Virus Infection during Infancy in Early Childhood Asthma
Authors: Pingsheng Wu, William D. Dupont, Marie R. Griffin, Kecia N. Carroll, Edward F. Mitchel, Tebeb Gebretsadik, Tina V. Hartert
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2008)

Bronchiolitis during infancy is associated with an increased risk of childhood asthma. Whether winter viral infections cause asthma or are a manifestation of a predisposition to asthma development is unknown.To study the relationship of winter virus infection during infancy and the development of childhood asthma.We studied over 95,000 infants born between 1995 and 2000 and followed through 2005 who were enrolled in the Tennessee Medicaid program from birth through early childhood to determine whether infant birth in relationship to the winter virus peak alters the risk of developing early childhood asthma.Among 95,310 children studied during five winter virus seasons from birth through early childhood, the risk of developing asthma tracked with the timing of infant birth in relationship to the winter virus peak. Infant birth approximately 4 months before the winter virus peak carried the highest risk, with a 29% increase in odds of developing asthma compared with birth 12 months before the peak (adjusted odds ratio, 1.29; 95% confidence interval, 1.19-1.40). Infant age at the winter virus peak was comparable to or greater than other known risk factors for asthma.Timing of birth in relationship to winter virus season confers a differential and definable risk of developing early childhood asthma, establishing winter virus seasonality as a causal factor in asthma development. Delay of exposure or prevention of winter viral infection during early infancy could prevent asthma.
Outcomes after repeated resection for recurrent pulmonary metastases from colorectal cancer
Authors: J.S. Park, H.K. Kim, Y.S. Choi, K. Kim, Y.M. Shim, J. Jo, W.-Y. Lee, H.-K. Chun, Y.S. Park, W.K. Kang, J. Kim
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2009)
Unusual radiographic features in a female patient with ankylosing spondylitis.
Authors: T J Cunningham, P M Cumber, G Evison, P J Maddison
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1986)

A 71 year old woman suffering from ankylosing spondylitis with aggressive peripheral joint disease for 46 years developed unusual radiographic features in the hips and knees. The pathogenic processes responsible are uncertain, and no histology is yet available. Although she had been treated with radiotherapy to the knees, there was no similar history to explain the hitherto unreported appearance of the hips.
Extensive genomic and transcriptional diversity identified through massively parallel DNA and RNA sequencing of eighteen Korean individuals
Authors: Young Seok Ju, Jong-Il Kim, Sheehyun Kim, Dongwan Hong, Hansoo Park, Jong-Yeon Shin, Seungbok Lee, Won-Chul Lee, Sujung Kim, Saet-Byeol Yu, Sung-Soo Park, Seung-Hyun Seo, Ji-Young Yun, Hyun-Jin Kim, Dong-Sung Lee, Maryam Yavartanoo, Hyunseok Peter Kang, Omer Gokcumen, Diddahally R Govindaraju, Jung Hee Jung, Hyonyong Chong, Kap-Seok Yang, Hyungtae Kim, Charles Lee, Jeong-Sun Seo
Journal: Nature Genetics (2011)
Results and Expectations of Renal Transplantation
Authors: G. B. Helfrich
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I am writing in reference to the recent article entitled "Current Results and Expectations of Renal Transplantation" (1981;246: 1330), which reported the results of renal transplantation at large transplant centers. At Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC,we analyzed our data from a smaller transplant experience and would like to report that the results and expectations of renal transplantation from at least one smaller center show similar results in comparison with those reported from the larger centers. Follow-up of all 88 patients receiving transplants from October 1976 to October 1980 was 100% (Tables 1 through 3). In conclusion, analysis of our experience confirms the data presented in the article and may signify that the general experience with renal transplantation has improved notably.
Cost of NHS reforms could spiral if GPs decide to seek private sector support
Authors: A. O'Dowd
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The transition cost of the NHS reforms could be much higher than current government estimates if GP commissioning consortiums decide to go outside of the NHS for support, MPs have been told.

NHS chief executive David Nicholson told the parliamentary public accounts committee that the estimated cost of changing the way the NHS operates could rise depending on GPs’ choice.

MPs on the committee were quizzing Mr Nicholson on 25 January as part of their inquiry into the National Audit Office report National Health Service Landscape Review published on 20 January.

Mr Nicholson said the current estimate of the transition of the NHS reforms …
Isolated proximal tibiofibular joint dislocation in an elite rugby union player: Figure 1
Authors: S MacGiobain, J F Quinlan, N O’Malley, D Brophy, W R Quinlan
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2007)

The case is presented of a professional international rugby union player who sustained an isolated proximal tibiofibular dislocation in a training ground injury. Diagnosis was made based on clinical details, plain radiography and magnetic resonance imaging. An initial attempt at closed reduction failed. Open reduction and internal fixation were subsequently carried out. Following early rehabilitation, the patient made a successful try-scoring return to international rugby union.