tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 206: Characterization of Glycocalyx Shedding in Trauma Patients
Authors: Elaheh Rahbar, Lisa A Baer, Bryan A Cotton, John B Holcomb, Charles E Wade
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: The endothelial glycocalyx layer is a key regulator of vascular permeability, cell adhesion, and inflammation. This organized mesh of membranous proteins is primarily composed of syndecan-1, hyaluronic acid (HA), heparan sulfate (HS) and chondroitin sulfate (CS). While many studies have observed increased shedding of syndecan-1 during hemorrhagic shock, none have investigated the other three components of the glycocalyx in response to injury. In this study, we characterized the shedding of all four primary components of the glycocalyx in trauma patients. Methods and Results: Plasma samples were collected from five healthy consented volunteers and 20 severely injured trauma patients upon admission to the emergency department. ELISA assays were performed to determine amounts of shed HA, HS, CS and syndecan-1 in plasma. Oncotic pressure and serum protein levels were also measured. Initial vital signs, routine laboratory values, and injury severity scores (ISS) were recorded. ANOVA was used to compare statistical significance between groups; median values are reported. We observed increased shedding of all four components compared to normal controls: 32.3 vs. 23.1 U/L of CS, 180 vs. 136.1 ng/ml of HS, 29.2 vs. 11.6 ng/ml of HA and 45.8 vs. 27 ng/ml of syndecan-1 (p&lt;0.05). Further, we found a correlation between ISS, plasma oncotic pressure, shed syndecan-1 and HA levels. Patients with reduced oncotic pressure (&lt;16 mmHg) had exponentially increased shedding of syndecan-1 (221.7 vs. 34.6 ng/ml, p=0.03) and HA (146 vs. 23.4 ng/ml, p=0.02), which correlated to higher ISS (34 vs. 19, p=0.04) compared to those with normal oncotic pressures. Surprisingly, CS and HS levels did not correlate with ISS and remained constant for all trauma patients. Conclusions: All four components of the glycocalyx are shed in trauma patients compared to normal controls. However, only syndecan-1 and HA shedding strongly correlated with increased severity of anatomic injury and reduced plasma oncotic pressure. These data suggest that syndecan-1 and HA could play a role in the restoration of the glycocalyx during hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation, especially in more severely injured patients who experience glycocalyx shedding and increased membrane permeability.
Prevention and Treatment of Cancer-Related Infections
Authors: Brahm H Segal, Alison G Freifeld, Lindsey Robert Baden, Arthur E Brown, Corey Casper, Erik Dubberke, Michael Gelfand, John N Greene, Michael G Ison, James I Ito, Judith E Karp, Daniel R Kaul, Earl King, Emily Mackler, Guido Marcucci, Jose G Montoya, Ashley Morris Engemann, Ken Rolston, Angelina S The
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2012)

Patients with cancer are at increased risk for developing infectious complications during the course of their disease and treatment. The following sections of the NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) for Prevention and Treatment of Cancer-Related Infections provide an overview of the risk factors for infectious complications, recommendations for infectious risk categorization, and strategies for prevention of infections in high-risk patient populations with cancer. Individualized risk evaluation for infections and incorporation of preventative measures are essential components of the overall spectrum of cancer care, and may contribute to optimizing treatment outcomes for patients.
Combined Drug and Immunostimulation Therapy Against a Syngeneic Murine Leukemia
Authors: John W. Pearson, Michael A. Chirigos, Sotiros D. Chaparas, Neal A. Sher
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Journal Article Combined Drug and Immunostimulation Therapy Against a Syngeneic Murine Leukemia Get access John W. Pearson, John W. Pearson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Michael A. Chirigos, Michael A. Chirigos Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Sotiros D. Chaparas, Sotiros D. Chaparas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Neal A. Sher Neal A. Sher Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 52, Issue 2, February 1974, Pages 463–468, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/52.2.463 Published: 01 February 1974 Article history Received: 06 July 1973 Accepted: 31 October 1973 Published: 01 February 1974
Serologic Responses to Murine Mammary Tumor Virus (MuMTV) in MuMTV-Exposed Laboratory Personnel2
Authors: Arnold S. Dion, Anthony J. Girardi, Carolyn C. Williams, Anthony A. Pomenti
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1986)

Journal Article Serologic Responses to Murine Mammary Tumor Virus (MuMTV) in MuMTV-Exposed Laboratory Personnel Get access Arnold S. Dion, Arnold S. Dion Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Anthony J. Girardi, Anthony J. Girardi Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Carolyn C. Williams, Carolyn C. Williams Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Anthony A. Pomenti Anthony A. Pomenti Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 76, Issue 4, April 1986, Pages 611–620, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/76.4.611 Published: 01 April 1986 Article history Received: 17 May 1985 Revision received: 23 October 1985 Accepted: 02 December 1985 Published: 01 April 1986
Treatment of the elderly when cure is the goal: The influence of age on treatment selection and efficacy for stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Authors: L. E. Coate, C. Massey, A. J. Hope, A. Pierre, A. Bezjak, N. B. Leighl, G. E. Darling, A. Sun, S. Keshavjee, F. A. Shepherd
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

7014 Background: Treatment of elderly patients with stage III NSCLC is controversial. Limited data exist since the elderly are under-represented in clinical trials. Methods: Following ethics approval, we performed a retrospective review of 1,302 stage III NSCLC patients, treated at our institution 1997-2007. Patients with “wet IIIB” and N2 discovered only postoperatively were excluded, leaving 637 who were classified by treatment plan: palliative (palliative chemotherapy or radiation [≤40 Gy]); nonsurgical (>40 Gy radiation ± chemotherapy); trimodality (chemotherapy, radiation, surgery). Demographics, treatment, toxicity, and survival were analysed by age: 0-65 (N=339), 66-75 (N=223), 76+ years (N=75) and compared using log-rank and univariate statistical tests. Results: Patients >65 were more likely to have poor performance status (PS, p<0.0001), multiple comorbidities (p<0.0001), and to receive palliative therapy only (p<0.0001). Older and younger patients treated with nonsurgical or surgical therapy with curative intent had similar rates of Gr3/4 toxicity (39%, (0-65) 43%, (66-75) 5%, (>75) p=0.18), and toxic death (4%, 4%, 0, p=0.49). Survival was worse with increasing age, p<0.0001, likely due to greater use of palliative treatment in the elderly. When survival of patients treated with curative intent was analyzed by age there was no difference between age groups for nonsurgical (p=0.11), or surgical (p= 0.57) therapy. Conclusions: In well-selected fit elderly patients combined modality therapy is tolerable and is associated with survival similar to that of younger patients. Variable Category 0-65 % 66-75 % 76+ % p value Sex F 41 38 41 0.70 M 59 62 59 ECOG PS 0 22 20 17 <0.0001 1 66 52 43 2+ 12 38 40 Histology Adeno 46 42 43 0.02 Squam 31 36 40 Other 13 22 17 Stage IIIA 51 51 53 0.82 IIIB 49 49 47 Comorbidity* 0 63 41 33 <0.0001 1-2 31 43 40 3+ 6 16 27 Treatment Palliative 14 37 69 <0.0001 Nonsurgical 46 39 21 Trimodality 40 24 10 Survival (mo) Palliative 7.8 7.0 11 0.64 Nonsurgical 17.4 12.6 20.0 0.11 Trimodality 33.4 28.6 27.7 0.57 * Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), adjusted for lung cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Use of routine chest radiography in the evaluation of fever in neutropenic pediatric oncology patients.
Authors: J Feusner, R Cohen, M O'Leary, B Beach
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1988)

Evaluation of febrile episodes in children who have become neutropenic during treatment for malignant disease has traditionally included radiography of the chest. It has been our impression that the yield of such examination is low. To test this hypothesis we reviewed all chest radiographs (CXRs) obtained in the above setting in our institution over the last 3 years. These radiographs were independently reviewed by two of us (R.C., J.F.). Sixty-one patients experienced 134 febrile neutropenic episodes for which a CXR was obtained. Only eight (6%) of these films revealed any abnormality. After careful review it was apparent that four of these radiographs did not represent a infectious process. Thus only four of 134 films (2.9%) indicated pulmonary infection as the probable cause of fever in the patient. All four of these patients had prominent respiratory signs or symptoms. Of patients who were febrile but without pulmonary signs/symptoms, only one of 49 had an abnormal radiograph. We feel that such a low yield (at most 2%) calls into question the routine practice of obtaining a CXR in the febrile neutropenic child who is otherwise asymptomatic.
Basal exon skipping and genetic pleiotropy: A predictive model of disease pathogenesis
Authors: Theodore G. Drivas, Adam P. Wojno, Budd A. Tucker, Edwin M. Stone, Jean Bennett
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2015)

Basal exon skipping, a mechanism by which a cell compensates for deleterious mutations, explains pleiotropic disease pathogenesis in patients with mutations in two different ciliopathy-associated genes.
Poster Session 1: Infections and Acute on Chronic Liver Failure
Journal: Hepatology (2014)

Background: Combined heart and liver transplantation (CHLT) is the treatment option for patients with end-stage heart and liver disease.This is a review of nine patients who underwent combined heart and liver transplant at a single center.Methods: We conducted a detailed retrospective examination of nine patients who underwent simultaneous combined heart and liver transplantation at our institution from 2004 to 2013.Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive and Kaplan-Meier analyses.Results: Eight patients received combined heart and liver transplantation and one patient received combined heart, liver and lung transplantation.Mean age was 53.2 + 11.3 years, 8 (78%) were male and 8 (78%) were white.Median biological MELD score was 13 (range, 6-20), and median BMI was 27 (range 15-31).Cardiac transplant indications were ischemic cardiomyopathy in 2 (22%), non-ischemic cardiomyopathy in 2 (22%), hemochromatosis in 3 (34%), ATTR-amyloidosis in 1 (11%) and pulmonary hypertension with end stage right heart failure in 1 (11%).All patients, but one with amyloidosis, had documented cirrhosis on liver biopsy.Eight (88%) patients had simultaneous heart and liver transplant within the same operation, while one patient had a heart and lung trans-plantation followed by a liver transplantation 24 hours apart.Observed patient year to date survival rates at 1, 3 and 5 years were 100%, 88% and 88% respectively, compared to our isolated heart transplant (n=222) at 91.6%, 77.5% and 71.1%.Among the nine patients who underwent CHLT, only two patients (22%) had one cardiac rejection episode based on biopsy (ISHLT grade 2R) in the presence of stable cardiac allograft function, and there were no liver rejection events in all nine patients.The mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) at 1-year follow-up was 63 ± 3%.At 5-year follow-up (n=6), there was no evidence of cardiac allograft vasculopathy by direct angiography.Five patients (55.6%) developed acute kidney injury requiring hemodialysis or renal replacement therapy within 30 days post transplantation.No patient developed endstage renal failure at the mean follow up of 59 + 36 months.Conclusion: With proper patient selection, favorable short and long-term outcomes can be achieved in patients who receive combined heart and liver transplantation.Post-transplant acute kidney injury is not uncommon, however it is not associated with long-term sequelae.MELD = Model for End-Stage Liver Disease BMI = Body Mass
Controversies in Management Psychotherapy - a luxury the NHS cannot afford? More expensive not to treat
Authors: J Holmes
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Psychotherapy is “the systematic use of a relationship between therapist and patient - as opposed to physical or social methods - to produce changes in cognition, feelings and behaviour.”1 Psychotherapy, or perhaps more usefully “the psychotherapies,” is a generic term covering a spectrum of treatments that can be grouped under four main headings: analytic therapy, cognitive behavioural therapy, systemic (or family) therapy, and creative therapies such as psychodrama and art therapy. Each of these can be brief or long term and delivered to individuals, couples, or families and groups. I shall consider the case for the psychotherapies under three main headings: empirical, economic, and ethical.

Controversy about the empirical evidence for the value of psychotherapy continues, although the debate has moved on considerably since Eysenck's ill fated attempt to discredit it in the 1950s. Meta-analysis has provided overwhelming evidence for the usefulness of psychotherapy, which produces “effect sizes” of around 0.8-1.0.2 This means that the average patient having psychotherapy does better than 85% of control subjects. This kind of outcome …
Ondansetron compatible with sodium acetate.
Authors: A R Hauser, L A Trissel, J F Martinez
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1993)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1993.11.1.197 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 8418236 Ondansetron compatible with sodium acetate. A R HauserxA R HauserSearch for articles by this author , L A TrisselxL A TrisselSearch for articles by this author , J F MartinezxJ F MartinezSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1993.11.1.197 PDF "Ondansetron compatible with sodium acetate.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 11(1), p. 197© 1993 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
The Interferon Gamma Gene Polymorphism In Acquired Aplastic Anemia and Its Association With HLA
Authors: Marco Aurelio Salvino, Marilda Souza Goncalves, Bruno A. V. Cerqueira, Larissa A Medeiros, Flavio Lins, Davi Solla, Adriano Alcantara, Marinho Marques, Alessandro Moura, Herbert Henrique Santos, Lais Guimaraes Souza, Juliana Andrade, Dora Marcia Alencar, Daniela Dourado, Phillip Scheinberg, Roberto Meyer
Journal: Blood (2013)
Risk-Tailored CNS Prophylaxis In 194 Patients With Diffuse Large B-CELL Lymphoma (DLBCL) Treated In The Rituximab ERA: Risk Definition By Clinical Variables and Ontogenic Stratification
Authors: Marta Bruno Ventre, Marco Foppoli, Giovanni Citterio, Giovanni Donadoni, Maurilio Ponzoni, Silvia Govi, Lydia Scarfò, Marianna Sassone, Federico Caligaris -Cappio, Andres J.M. Ferreri
Journal: Blood (2013)
Evaluation of exhaled NO measurement in the first line exploration of chronic cough in adults
Authors: Tatiana Lamon, Dany Brouquières, Roger Escamilla, Alain Didier
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction: Chronic cough is a common cause for consultation, often view as a difficult clinical problem. A stepwise approach may be useful to avoid performing expensive and sometimes invasive tests in many patients. The measurement of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is currently used to assess airway inflammation with an eosinophilic component especially in asthma. Nevertheless, its place for the investigation of chronic cough is still debated.  The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of high FeNO in chronic coughing patients and to describe their clinical, etiologic and functional characteristics.  Methods: One hundred patients referred for assessment of chronic cough underwent a FeNO measurement at the same time than a first line exploration by thoracic imaging and spirometry or plethysmography .  Results: Twenty five patients had a high FeNO (over 25ppb). For four of them, a specific diagnosis (COPD, Bronchiectasis, Interstitial disease) was made after the first line exams. Among the 21 remaining patients, 3 were considered as asthmatic and 6 had a cough-variant asthma after metacholine challenge was performed. Twelve patients didn9t have any bronchial hyperreactivity. All of them received an inhaled corticosteroid treatment. Improvement was observed in 10 of them.  Conclusions: Exhaled NO measurement is an interesting and easy tool to use in the first line exploration of chronic cough beside chest imaging and lung function tests. It allows to identify patients with high FeNO who can get few complementary investigations. In these selected patients, inhaled corticosteroids are usually effective.
Safety, trust, and money are uncomfortable bedfellows
Authors: Stephen Chapman, Therese Curtis
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Addressing safety should not need financial incentives

Safer prescribing has been an objective for physicians since Hippocrates. Yet medicines, although yielding massive net benefit at the population level, continue to cause harm to a considerable proportion of individual patients. Around 5% of hospital admissions could be associated with inappropriate prescribing.1 2 

So what reduces errors? The PINCER trial3 compared simple feedback on prescribing errors with a pharmacist led intervention involving feedback, educational outreach, and dedicated support to GP practices. After six months’ follow-up, patients in the pharmacist led group were significantly less likely to have triggered indicators of unsafe prescribing such as receiving a β blocker if they had asthma or an ACE inhibitor or loop diuretic without appropriate monitoring. In a linked paper, Stocks and colleagues (doi:10.1136/bmj.h5501)4 took this one step further and extrapolated the indicators developed from the PRACTICE study5 to a representative sample of over 500 general practices using the Clinical Practice Research Database.

Within the composite indicators are some uncomfortable figures—in some practices, nearly 20% of patients taking aspirin or clopidogrel …
VEGF-D expression predicts biochemical outcome in localized prostate cancer treated with external radiation: A ten-year cohort analysis
Authors: J. Coen, S. Bermudez, Y. Suzuki, C.-L. Wu, M. Zhang, A. Zietman, W. Shipley, A. Chakravarti
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

9660 Background: Vascular endothelial growth factor-D (VEGF-D) promotes both angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. It plays a role in solid tumor growth and metastatic dissemination as it is required for tumor vascularization and lymphatic development. VEGF-D expression is predictive of disease extent and outcome in a variety of human malignancies. This is the first study to evaluate its prognostic utility in patients with localized prostate cancer treated with external beam radiation therapy (EBRT). Methods: Tissue blocks were available for 42 patients treated with EBRT for T1–2 prostate cancer from 1991 to 1993. Follow-up was maximized resulting in a median follow-up of 103 months (range 5–126). Immunohistochemical staining (DAKO EnVision+) was performed with anti-VEGF-D polyclonal antibody (SantaCruz). Quantitative image analysis (Chromavision) was utilized to measure the percentage of cells staining for VEGF-D. Using the median of 60% as a cutpoint, cases were stratified into 2 groups based on the percent positivity (>60%, <60%). VEGF-D expression was correlated with clinical outcome at 10 years. Endpoints included local control (LC), distant metastasis free survival (DMFS), cause specific survival (CSS), salvage androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and biochemical disease free survival (bNED) using the ASTRO criteria. Results: Overall, 62% of tumors had > 60% positivity and 48% had <60%. Increased VEGF-D expression (>60% positivity) predicted a lower rate of biochemical control (9 vs 52%, p<0.002) and a higher rate of ADT (64 vs 33%) at 10 years as compared to lesser expression. Increased VEGF-D expression was not associated with significantly lower rates of DMFS (49 vs 78%, p=0.49), LC (73 vs 93%, p=0.21) or CSS (72 vs 92%, p=0.23). Conclusions: Increased VEGF-D expression predicted for higher rates of biochemical failure and initiation of ADT in this small cohort of patients treated with EBRT for localized prostate cancer. Further evaluation of this marker in larger cohorts is warranted in order to elucidate its role. It may serve as a marker of more aggressive disease and perhaps be a target for future therapeutics. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
An Anemia-Inducing Virus Derived From Tumors Caused by Murine Sarcoma Virus—Moloney&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: D O Taylor, N E Cremer, L S Oshiro, E H Lennette
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1972)

Cells from rat tumors induced by Moloney sarcoma virus were explanted and cultured in vitro. When cell-free fluids from the fifteenth in vitro passage were injected into newborn Osborne-Mendel (O/M) rats, severe anemia developed. Subsequent rat-plasma passages also induced anemia in O/M rats, but sarcomas were no longer observed. The agent causing the anemia was filterable and ether labile. It was contained in material banding at a density of 1.14–1.18 in which large numbers of C-type virus particles were observed. The agent was neutralized by Moloney leukemia virus antiserum, indicating it was closely related to the murine leukemia viruses. Sequential hematologic studies and necropsies demonstrated that while this agent produced erythroblastic splenomegaly and anemia, as observed with the Harvey strain of murine sarcoma virus, Kirsten murine erythroblastosis virus, and Friend and Rauscher leukemia viruses, distinct differences occurred in regard to development of sarcomas, osteolytic lesions, cystic lesions, and host susceptibility. Thus, it appears that an anemia-inducing virus, distinct from other strains of virus in the murine leukemia-sarcoma complex, has been found as a result of in vitro cultivation.
Clinical findings in a large cohort of adult patients (pts) with Hodgkin’s disease (Hd) in Argentina: A report from two institutions
Authors: E. L. Morgenfeld, M. Dragosky, S. Alcaraz, I. Annetta, R. Calmet, P. Luchetta, M. Marquez, E. Gil Deza, E. Rivarola, F. G. Gercovich
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

17570 Background: More than 20,000 new cases of HD are diagnosed each year all over Europe, Canada and the United States. Nevertheless, there are few reports in current literature showing data from large series in developing countries. Methods: The medical records of adult pts with an oncohaematologic diagnosis in two large oncological centers (HMC and IOHM) were reviewed. A period spanning the past 10 years was considered with the objective of measuring the incidence of HD. Oncologists in charge were asked to fill a form with the relevant clinical data. Results: Three hundred and fifty eight out of 1,884 medical records of pts with HD (19%) were retrieved (M: 55.2%/F: 44.8%). Seven pts were HIV positive. Bulky disease was present in 7,4%. The following table shows the main topics (See table ): Conclusions: Incidence of HD in our serie was similar to the published report. However, two important differences arose: it was not possible to notice neither the double curve described nor the usual histological subtype distribution (more MC than the expected frequency). According to previous reports, prevalence of NS was associated with mediastinal locations and younger pts. Actuarial survival must be presented. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.