tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The effect of alternate furrow irrigation under different nutritional element supplies on some agronomic traits and seed qualitative parameters in corn (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Mohammad Nasri, Mansoureh Khalatbari, Hossein Aliabadi Farahani
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

A new irrigation method under different nutritional element supplies for maize production was designed and tested for some agronomic traits and seed qualitative parameters with a split-plot field experiment. Irrigation was applied through furrows in three ways as the main plots: alternate furrow irrigation (AFI), fixed furrow irrigation (FFI), and conventional furrow irrigation (CFI). AFI means that one of the two neighboring furrows was alternately irrigated during consecutive watering. FFI means that irrigation was fixed to one of the two neighboring furrows. CFI was the conventional way where every furrow was irrigated during each watering. Each irrigation method was further divided into five sub-treatments with different fertilizer combinations: (1) P+N (control) (2) P+N+K (3) P+N+K+Zn (4) P+N+K+Zn+B (5) P+N+K+Zn+B+Fe. The results indicate that water stress effects caused by furrow irrigation on yield may be alleviated by more frequent irrigation intervals. We concluded that AFI is a way to save water in arid areas where maize production relies heavily on repeated irrigation. Fertilized combinations influenced dry matter partitioning to seed filling. Thus, sufficient both macro and micro nutritional elements increased harvest index which was mostly due to more number of seeds per row than higher individual grain weight. Complete fertilizer combination increased total above ground biomass through more radiation use efficiency and by increasing leaf area. In order to utilize the water sources efficiently and increase corn production under limited water supply, we propose the use of circular irrigation care along with instance, K, Zn, B and Fe fertilizer.

	 

	Key words: Alternate furrow irrigation, corn (Zea mays L.), fertilizer combination,water stress.
Quality of life measurement: bibliographic study of patient assessed health outcome measures
Authors: A. Garratt
Journal: BMJ (2002)

To assess the growth of quality of life measures and to examine the availability of measures across specialties.Systematic searches of electronic databases to identify developmental and evaluative work relating to health outcome measures assessed by patients.Types of measures: disease or population specific, dimension specific, generic, individualised, and utility. Specialties in which measures have been developed and evaluated.3921 reports that described the development and evaluation of patient assessed measures met the inclusion criteria. Of those that were classifiable, 1819 (46%) were disease or population specific, 865 (22%) were generic, 690 (18%) were dimension specific, 409 (10%) were utility, and 62 (1%) were individualised measures. During 1990-9 the number of new reports of development and evaluation rose from 144 to 650 per year. Reports of disease specific measures rose exponentially. Over 30% of evaluations were in cancer, rheumatology and musculoskeletal disorders, and older people's health. The generic measures--SF-36, sickness impact profile, and Nottingham health profile--accounted for 612 (16%) reports.In some specialties there are numerous measures of quality of life and little standardisation. Primary research through the concurrent evaluation of measures and secondary research through structured reviews of measures are prerequisites for standardisation. Recommendations for the selection of patient assessed measures of health outcome are needed.
Quality of Life in Ovarian Cancer Patients: Comparison of Paclitaxel Plus Cisplatin, With Cyclophosphamide Plus Cisplatin in a Randomized Study
Authors: Andrea Bezjak, Dongsheng Tu, Monica Bacon, David Osoba, Benny Zee, Gavin Stuart, Josee-Anne Roy, Martine Piccart, Elizabeth Eisenhauer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

Formal quality-of-life (QOL) assessments may contribute important information on patient symptoms. Despite many trials of systemic chemotherapy in ovarian cancer, reports of its effect on QOL are few.QOL was assessed in an Intergroup randomized trial comparing paclitaxel plus cisplatin to cyclophosphamide plus cisplatin in women with advanced ovarian cancer. One hundred fifty-two eligible patients accrued in Canada completed the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire C30 and a trial-specific checklist at baseline (after surgical debulking) and at regular intervals during and after chemotherapy. Mean change scores over time in the two arms were calculated.Compliance with QOL questionnaire completion was excellent (81% to 93%). In general, deterioration was seen in the QOL domains immediately after chemotherapy (day 8 of cycle 1), followed by clinically meaningful improvements compared with baseline (change scores > or = 10) in both arms during the treatment period in a number of domains and items, including global QOL, emotional function, social function, fatigue, pain, sleep, constipation, appetite, abdominal swelling, and abdominal cramps. Improvements in global QOL persisted for the duration of follow-up. More neurosensory effects and myalgia were documented in the paclitaxel arm; however, this did not adversely affect global or other domains of QOL and improved once chemotherapy was completed.Improvement from baseline in QOL measures was seen in both treatment arms. The greater neurologic and muscle toxicity of paclitaxel did not adversely influence QOL. QOL data can contribute useful information on the experience of symptoms and their time course, which may assist patients and physicians in their discussion about the anticipated effects of therapy.
Evidence for Mendelian Inheritance in the Pathogenesis of Lung Cancer
Authors: T. A. Sellers, J. E. Bailey-Wilson, R. C. Elston, A. F. Wilson, G. Z. Elston, W. L. Ooi, H. Rothschild
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Segregation analyses that allowed for variable age of onset of lung cancer and smoking history were performed on 337 families, each ascertained through a lung cancer proband. Results indicated compatibility of the data with mendelian codominant inheritance of a rare major autosomal gene that produces earlier age of onset of the cancer. Segregation at this putative locus could account for 69% and 47% of the cumulative incidence of lung cancer in individuals up to ages 50 and 60, respectively. The gene was involved in only 22% of all lung cancers in persons up to age 70, a reflection of an increasing proportion of noncarriers succumbing to the effects of long-term exposure to tobacco. [J Natl Cancer Inst 82: 1272–1279, 1990]
Reconstitution of Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Expression Rescues Colorectal Carcinoma Cells from <i>In vitro</i> Senescence: Evidence against Immortality as a Constitutive Trait of Tumor Cells
Authors: Piero Dalerba, Cristiana Guiducci, Pietro Luigi Poliani, Ingrid Cifola, Mariella Parenza, Milo Frattini, Gianfrancesco Gallino, Ileana Carnevali, Ilvia Di Giulio, Salvatore Andreola, Claudia Lombardo, Licia Rivoltini, Tamás Schweighoffer, Filiberto Belli, Mario P. Colombo, Giorgio Parmiani, Chiara Castelli
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Although in vitro establishment of new colorectal carcinoma (CRC) cell lines is an infrequent event, we have observed that primary cultures of CRC can be repeatedly and reproducibly initiated following in vitro plating of tumor-derived epithelial cells. These cultures, however, usually display a short life span as they undergo a limited number of cell passages before entering a state of irreversible growth arrest. In this study, we show that short-lived CRC primary cultures lack constitutive telomerase activity and undergo a senescence process characterized by progressive telomere shortening. Moreover, transduction of these cells with a retroviral vector encoding human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) is sufficient to reconstitute telomerase activity and allow immortalization. Detailed molecular characterization of hTERT-immortalized CRC cell lines confirms their individual tumor origin by showing expression of colonic epithelial differentiation markers, such as cytokeratin-20 (CK20), full match with class I and class II human leukocyte antigen genotyping of autologous B-lymphoblastoid cells, and presence of somatic mutations in key cancer genes (KRAS2, APC) identical to those of the corresponding autologous original tumor tissues. Moreover, functional characterization of hTERT-immortalized CRC cell lines shows that they have a transformed phenotype, being able to form colonies in soft agar and tumors in severe combined immunodeficient mice. Most interestingly, immunohistochemical analysis of original tumor tissues indicates that short-lived CRC primary cultures, although hTERT-negative in vitro, derive from hTERT-positive tumors. Taken together, our data show that, in a least subset of CRC, biochemical pathways involved in maintenance of telomere length, such as telomerase, are not activated in a constitutive way in all tumor cells.
Influence of the Implantable Cardioverter/Defibrillator on Sudden Death and Total Mortality in Patients Evaluated for Cardiac Transplantation
Authors: Michael O. Sweeney, Jeremy N. Ruskin, Hasan Garan, Brian A. McGovern, Mary L. Guy, David F. Torchiana, Gus J. Vlahakes, John B. Newell, Marc J. Semigran, G. William Dec
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background Implantable cardioverter/defibrillators (ICDs) may reduce sudden tachyarrhythmic death in patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction. It is uncertain whether this improves survival, particularly in patients awaiting cardiac transplantation. Methods and Results The effect of treatment for spontaneous ventricular arrhythmias (ICD [n=59], antiarrhythmic drugs [n=53], or no antiarrhythmic treatment [n=179]) on total mortality and mode of cardiac death was analyzed in 291 consecutive patients evaluated for cardiac transplantation between January 1986 and January 1995. There were 109 deaths (37.4%) (63 [21.6%] sudden, 40 [13.7%] nonsudden, and 6 [2.1%] noncardiac) during mean follow-up of 15 months (range, 1 to 118 months). Baseline clinical variables, medical therapies for heart failure, and actuarial rates of transplantation were similar between treatment groups. Kaplan-Meier sudden death rates were lowest in the ICD group, intermediate in the no antiarrhythmic treatment group, and highest in the drug treatment group throughout follow-up (12-month sudden death rates, 9.2%, 16.0%, and 34.7%, respectively; P =.004). Total mortality and nonsudden death rates did not differ. Cox proportional-hazards model revealed that antiarrhythmic drug treatment was associated with sudden death (relative risk, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.04 to 3.39; P =.04) and ICD was associated with nonsudden death (relative risk, 2.26; 95% CI, 1.12 to 4.62; P =.02). Conclusions Sudden death rates were lowest in patients treated with ICDs compared with drug treatment or no antiarrhythmic treatment. However, although ICDs reduced sudden death in selected high-risk patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction, the effect on long-term survival was limited, principally by high nonsudden death rates.
Abstract 249: Mir-211 Regulates Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Migration Through Stat5a
Authors: Xin Yang Hu, Panpan Chen, Yan Wu, Wei Zhu, Jian-an Wang
Journal: Circulation Research (2014)

Background: Efficacy of intravenous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) administration for myocardial infarction (MI) is limited by low cell migration to the damaged myocardium. Our previous study demostrated that migration ability of MSCs enhanced by hypoxia preconditioning (HPC). miRNA microarray displayed that miR-211 exhibited most significant change between HPC and normoxia cultured MSCs. The aim of this study is to study whether and how miR-211 regulate MSCs migration. Methods: In vitro, transwell assay were used to assess the migration ability of MSC moduated by miR-211 using overexpressing and knockdown lentivirus. The target gene of miR-211 predicted by Targetscan were verified by PCR, western blot and lucifurase assay. Chromatin immunoprecitation (ChiP) were used to explore the transcription factors that regulate the expression of miR-211. To evaluate the effect of miR-211 on MSCs migration in vivo, miR-211-mimic and miR-211-shRNA male MSCs were intravenously delivered 24h after MI, the engraft cells were detected by RT-PCR of SRY gene. Results: Quatitative RT-PCR showed that miR-211 expression of MSCs upregulated by HPC. MiR-211 mimic improved MSCs migration by 31.03% (p&lt;0.05), however, knockdown miR-211 using shRNA attenuated MSCs migration ability significantly. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A (STAT5A) was predicted as one of miR-211 target genes, PCR and Western blot showed miR-211 overexpression dramatically decreased STAT5A expression, while miR-211 knockdown upregulated STAT5A. The luciferase assay showed the similar results. Transwell assay showed that STAT5A knockdown reverse the inhibition of MSCs migration induced by miR-211-shRNA. Intrestingly, ChiP assay showed that STAT5A can combine to the promoter of miR-211, which lead to the regulation of miR-211 transcription. In vivo data showed that MiR-211 overexpression enhanced MSCs homing to ischemic myocardium, and miR-211 overexprssing MSCs improved cardiac function 28days post-MI. However, miR-211 knockdown decreased MSCs homing and hampered cardiac function recovery. Conclusions: These results indicate that miR-211 has important role in regulating MSCs migration through targeting STAT5A, meanwhile STAT5A regulated miR-211 transcription.
Estrogen Receptor β2 Negatively Regulates the Transactivation of Estrogen Receptor α in Human Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Chunyan Zhao, Jason Matthews, Michel Tujague, Jinghong Wan, Anders Ström, Gudrun Toresson, Eric W-F. Lam, Guojun Cheng, Jan-Åke Gustafsson, Karin Dahlman-Wright
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Estrogens, by binding to and activating two estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ), are critically involved in the development of the mammary gland and breast cancer. An isoform of ERβ, ERβ2 (also called ERβcx), with an altered COOH-terminal region, is coexpressed with ERα in many human breast cancers. In this study, we generated a stable cell line from MCF7 breast cancer cells expressing an inducible version of ERβ2, along with endogenous ERα, and examined the effects of ERβ2 on the ERα protein levels and function. We showed that ERβ2 inhibited ERα-mediated transactivation via estrogen response element and activator protein-1 sites of reporter constructs as well as the endogenous genes pS2 and MMP-1. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed that ERβ2 expression caused a significant reduction in the recruitment of ERα to both the pS2 and MMP-1 promoters. Furthermore, ERβ2 expression induced proteasome-dependent degradation of ERα. The inhibitory effects of ERβ2 on ERα activity were further confirmed in HEK293 cells that lack functional endogenous ERs. We also showed that ERβ2 can interact with ERα both in vitro and in mammalian cells, which is compatible with a model where ERβ2/ERα heterodimers are targeted to the proteasome. Finally, in human breast cancer samples, we observed that expression of ERβ2 significantly correlated with ERα-negative phenotype. Our data suggest that ERβ2 could influence ERα-mediated effects relevant for breast cancer development, including hormone responsiveness. [Cancer Res 2007;67(8):3955–62]
SYMPOSIUM ON CORONARY HEART DISEASE
Authors: E. COWLES ANDRUS
Journal: Circulation (1960)

No technic or procedure yet devised surpasses the carefully taken clinical history in the diagnosis of angina pectoris. The electro-cardiogram recorded during an attack, occurring with the patient's ordinary activity or, in the few instances in which it is indicated after standard exercise, is particularly helpful. The ballistocardiogram, though of suggestive value in some instances, has not yet achieved that degree of correlation with clinical findings to be uniformly valuable as a diagnostic tool, in view of the progressive increase in the proportion of abnormal records in the years beyond 40. The fact remains that the incidence of severe coronary atherosclerosis is so high, particularly among men 45 years of age and older, as to demand continual effort to differentiate angina pectoris from other types of chest discomfort, to detect its earliest manifestations, or even to search out some refinement of diagnostic technic that may predict the consequences of coronary artery disease before coronary insufficiency has supervened.
EFFECT OF ACTINOMYCIN D ON RNA SYNTHESIS AND ANTIBODY FORMATION IN THE ANAMNESTIC RESPONSE IN VITRO
Authors: J. Donald Smiley, John G. Heard, Morris Ziff
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1964)

Antibody synthesis in anamnestic lymphoid cells, measured by incorporation of leucine-C14 into specific antibody, was inhibited at moderate concentrations of actinomycin D. This was accompanied by marked inhibition of synthesis of RNA as measured by incorporation of H3-cytidine monophosphate. However, at low concentrations of actinomycin D, antibody synthesis was unaffected or even increased while RNA synthesis continued to be inhibited. The results obtained suggest that messenger RNA for antibody synthesis, either because it is relatively stable or present in excess, does not become a limiting factor until its synthesis is maximally inhibited. Puromycin, an inhibitor of amino acid coupling, abolished antibody synthesis in low concentration. 6-Mercaptopurine had no effect on the synthesis of antibody or RNA even at high concentration. The data obtained support the view that antibody synthesis follows pathways similar to those utilized for the formation of other types of proteins.
Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Reconstruction With Contegra Bovine Valved Conduit
Authors: Davide Calvaruso, Antonio Rubino, Salvatore Ocello, Adriano Cipriani, Carlo F. Marcelletti
Journal: Circulation (2008)

A 11-year-old boy affected by truncus arteriosus (type 1) underwent a late complete repair in another institution.The right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction was performed with an 18-mm Contegra conduit (Medtronic Inc, Minneapolis, Minn) despite its contraindication in cases of pulmonary hypertension.An additional apical muscular ventricular septal defect was closed with a percutaneous device.His postoperative course was uneventful.At 18 years of age, he was referred to our institution for right ventricular dilatation and conduit endocarditis.A group D streptococcus was isolated on blood culture.Echocardiography and cardiac catheterization showed right ventricular dilatation, isosystemic right ventricular pressure, and aneurysmal dilatation of the conduit extending from the ventricular anastomosis.Computed tomography confirmed the angiographic findings, recording a giant aneurysm of the conduit (7.43ϫ9.59ϫ10.26cm) (Figure 1).This required urgent conduit replacement with a 25-mm Hancock (Figure 2).After surgery, a left lung atelectasia occurred.Vascular lesions may obstruct the bronchial tubes by compression.
Antioxidants protect podocyte foot processes in puromycin aminonucleoside-treated rats.
Authors: S D Ricardo, J F Bertram, G B Ryan
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1994)

Whether a reduction in urinary protein excretion in rats coadministered puromycin aminonucleoside and antioxidants was associated with a reduction in alterations to glomerular epithelial cell (podocyte) ultrastructure was examined. Daily urinary protein excretion was measured in rats that received a single i.v. injection of saline or puromycin aminonucleoside with or without coadministration of antioxidants. The coadministration of alpha-tocopherol/ascorbic acid, dimethyl thiourea, or superoxide dismutase to puromycin aminonucleoside-treated rats reduced proteinuria by approximately 90, 40, and 60%, respectively, over the 18-day period studied. For a second group of rats, daily urinary protein excretion was measured and kidneys were processed for light microscopy and transmission and scanning electron microscopy 4, 5, and 10 days after injection. Transmission electron microscopic morphometric analysis of glomeruli from puromycin aminonucleoside-treated rats coadministered antioxidants revealed significantly reduced foot process effacement on Days, 4, 5, and 10 compared with rats that received puromycin aminonucleoside alone. Thus, at Day 10, puromycin aminonucleoside-treated rats coadministered alpha-tocopherol/ascorbic acid, dimethyl thiourea, or superoxide dismutase contained 90, 74, and 88% (P < 0.01 in all cases) more glomerular epithelial cell filtration slits per unit length of glomerular basement membrane than rats treated with puromycin aminonucleoside alone. In contrast, by scanning electron microscopy, the antioxidants were found to provide no protection against the changes occurring in glomerular epithelial cell bodies and major processes. These results provide further evidence of a role for reactive oxygen species in puromycin aminonucleoside nephrosis and indicate that the antioxidants provide protection against the changes occurring in glomerular epithelial cell foot processes.
Thrombin--an effective treatment for gastric variceal haemorrhage.
Authors: S G Williams, R A Peters, D Westaby
Journal: Gut (1994)

The optimum treatment of gastric varices has still to be defined. Lesser curve gastric varices may be treated by injection sclerotherapy, but this has a limited role in the treatment of fundal gastric varices. Surgical intervention is commonly needed but carries a high mortality in patients with advanced liver disease. This study evaluated the use of thrombin for the treatment of gastric varices in 11 consecutive patients (nine with fundal, two with high lesser curve varices), identified as having bled from this site. Bovine thrombin (1000 U/ml) was injected intravariceally (mean volume 5.5 ml, range 2-10 ml) producing initial haemostasis in all 11 cases. Varices were considered thrombosed or obliterated in all patients after a median of two injection episodes (range 1-3). After a median follow up of nine months only one patient had rebled from a gastric varix. Thrombin may represent a valuable alternative injectate for the treatment of gastric varices.