tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea on Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Jonathan E. Shaw, Naresh M. Punjabi, Matthew T. Naughton, Leslee Willes, Richard M. Bergenstal, Peter A. Cistulli, Greg R. Fulcher, Glenn N. Richards, Paul Z. Zimmet
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2016)

There is uncertainty about the effects of treating obstructive sleep apnea on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.To determine whether treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in patients with type 2 diabetes improves glycemic control.In this trial, we randomized patients with type 2 diabetes and no previous diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea, with a glycated hemoglobin level of 6.5-8.5%, and an oxygen desaturation index of 15 or more events per hour to positive airway pressure therapy or to usual care.A total of 416 patients met the entry criteria as determined by each site and were randomized. Of the 298 participants who met centrally adjudicated entry criteria, no differences between the study groups were seen for change in glycated hemoglobin. Furthermore, there were no between-group differences when analyses were restricted to those with poorer baseline glycemic control, those with more severe sleep apnea, or those who were adherent to therapy. A greater fall in diastolic blood pressure occurred in the positive airway pressure group than in the usual care group (-3.5 mm Hg vs. -1.5 mm Hg; P = 0.07). This difference was significant in those who were adherent to positive airway pressure therapy (-4.4 mm Hg vs. -1.6 mm Hg; P = 0.02). There was a significant reduction in sleepiness in the positive airway pressure therapy group (P < 0.0001). Quality of life assessment revealed improvements in vitality, mental health, and mental component summary scores in the positive airway pressure therapy group.This trial showed no effect of positive airway pressure therapy on glycemic control in patients with relatively well-controlled type 2 diabetes and obstructive sleep apnea. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00509223).
Résultat du traitement par endoprothèse des sténoses œsophagiennes réfractaires: revue de la littérature et méta analyse
Authors: J. Branche
Journal: Endoscopy (2016)

Le traitement des sténoses œsophagiennes bénignes repose sur la dilatation endoscopique, avec une efficacité similaire des dilatations à la bougie ou au ballonnet hydrostatique. Plusieurs séances de dilatation sont souvent nécessaires pour un résultat prolongé. Après cinq dilatations endoscopiques et en cas de récidive, la sténose est considérée comme réfractaire. L'indication thérapeutique la plus courante est alors celle de la pose transitoire d'une prothèse œsophagienne. L'efficacité et la tolérance de cette stratégie est variable dans la littérature.
Urinary Glycosaminoglycans Predict Outcomes in Septic Shock and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Eric P. Schmidt, Katherine H. Overdier, Xiaojun Sun, Lei Lin, Xinyue Liu, Yimu Yang, Lee Anne Ammons, Terra D. Hiller, Matt A. Suflita, Yanlei Yu, Yin Chen, Fuming Zhang, Clay Cothren Burlew, Charles L. Edelstein, Ivor S. Douglas, Robert J. Linhardt
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2016)

Degradation of the endothelial glycocalyx, a glycosaminoglycan (GAG)-rich layer lining the vascular lumen, is associated with the onset of kidney injury in animal models of critical illness. It is unclear if similar pathogenic degradation occurs in critically ill patients.To determine if urinary indices of GAG fragmentation are associated with outcomes in patients with critical illnesses such as septic shock or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).We prospectively collected urine from 30 patients within 24 hours of admission to the Denver Health Medical Intensive Care Unit (ICU) for septic shock. As a nonseptic ICU control, we collected urine from 25 surgical ICU patients admitted for trauma. As a medical ICU validation cohort, we obtained serially collected urine samples from 70 patients with ARDS. We performed mass spectrometry on urine samples to determine GAG (heparan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, and hyaluronic acid) concentrations as well as patterns of heparan sulfate/chondroitin sulfate disaccharide sulfation. We compared these indices to measurements obtained using dimethylmethylene blue, an inexpensive, colorimetric urinary assay of sulfated GAGs.In septic shock, indices of GAG fragmentation correlated with both the development of renal dysfunction over the 72 hours after urine collection and with hospital mortality. This association remained after controlling for severity of illness and was similarly observed using the inexpensive dimethylmethylene blue assay. These predictive findings were corroborated using urine samples previously collected at three consecutive time points from patients with ARDS.Early indices of urinary GAG fragmentation predict acute kidney injury and in-hospital mortality in patients with septic shock or ARDS. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01900275).
5-Fluorouracil and folinic acid in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer: a randomized comparison. A Southwest Oncology Group Study.
Authors: G T Budd, T R Fleming, R M Bukowski, J D McCracken, S E Rivkin, R M O'Bryan, S P Balcerzak, J S Macdonald
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1987)

In order to determine the clinical applicability of the in vitro observation of enhanced cytotoxicity of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in the presence of excess reduced folates, the Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) performed a randomized trial evaluating two dose schedules of 5-FU and folinic acid (FA) in 128 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Of 125 eligible patients, 62 were randomized to receive bolus FA (200 mg/m2 days 1 through 4) in addition to 5-FU (1,000 mg/m2 days 1 through 4) by continuous four-day infusion (infusion arm), while 63 were randomized to receive bolus FA (200 mg/m2 days 1 through 5) in addition to 5-FU (325 mg/m2 days 1 through 5) by bolus injection (bolus arm). The toxicities of the two schedules differed, with stomatitis being more severe in the infusion arm and leukopenia being more severe in the bolus arm. The response rates and survival data for the two arms are nearly identical. The median survival of patients on the infusion arm is 11.0 months and of patients on the bolus arm, 10.3 months. The infusion arm produced one complete response (CR) and 12 partial responses (PRs), for a major response rate of 21% of eligible patients. The bolus arm produced three CRs and 11 PRs, for a major response rate of 22% of eligible patients. The response rate produced is minimally superior to recent cooperative group studies of colorectal cancer, but the response rate and survival experience are within the range of experience for treatment with 5-FU alone.
Medium-term Outcomes after Whole-gland High-intensity Focused Ultrasound for the Treatment of Nonmetastatic Prostate Cancer from a Multicentre Registry Cohort
Authors: Louise Dickinson, Manit Arya, Naveed Afzal, Paul Cathcart, Susan C. Charman, Andrew Cornaby, Richard G. Hindley, Henry Lewi, Neil McCartan, Caroline M. Moore, Senthil Nathan, Chris Ogden, Raj Persad, Jan van der Meulen, Shraddha Weir, Mark Emberton, Hashim U. Ahmed
Journal: European Urology (2016)
Abstract 14577: Racial Differences in Plaque Composition Among HIV Seropositive and Seronegative Men in the Multicenter Aids Cohort Study (MACS)
Authors: Elliott Miller, Xiuhong Li, Michelle Zikusoka, Frank Palella, Lawrence A Kingsley, Mallory D Witt, Richard T George, Lisa P Jacobson, Matthew Budoff, Wendy S Post
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Previous studies show that blacks have less coronary artery calcification (CAC) than whites. We evaluated plaque composition and stenosis using coronary CT angiography (CCTA) to evaluat...
Growth Inhibition of Estrogen-Sensitive Tumor Cells in Newborn Rats. Probable Role of Alpha-Fetoprotein2
Authors: Carlos Sonnenschein, Ana M. Soto
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

Journal Article Growth Inhibition of Estrogen-Sensitive Tumor Cells in Newborn Rats. Probable Role of Alpha-Fetoprotein Get access Carlos Sonnenschein, Carlos Sonnenschein 3Department of Anatomy, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave., Boston, Mass. 02111. 4Recipient of a fellowship from the Institut National de la Santé de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 34, Lyon, France; and PHS research career development award CA47410 from the National Cancer Institute. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Ana M. Soto Ana M. Soto 3Department of Anatomy, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave., Boston, Mass. 02111. 5Recipient of a fellowship from the Fondation de l'Industrie Pharmaceutique pour la Recherche, Paris, France. 6We thank Mr. C. L. Pecollet, Mr. M. Jakolewicz, and Mr. C. Ceurvels for their technical help. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 63, Issue 3, September 1979, Pages 835–841, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/63.3.835 Published: 01 September 1979 Article history Received: 28 November 1978 Accepted: 22 March 1979 Published: 01 September 1979
Reacquisition of RAI uptake in RAI-refractory metastatic thyroid cancers by pretreatment with the MEK inhibitor selumetinib.
Authors: Alan Loh Ho, Rebecca Leboeuf, Ravinder K. Grewal, Eric Jeffrey Sherman, Desiree Deandreis, Keith S. Pentlow, Robert Michael Tuttle, Matthew G. Fury, Julio Cezar M. Ricarte-Filho, David G. Pfister, Steven M. Larson, James A. Fagin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

5509^ Background: Therapies for radioactive iodine (RAI)-refractory thyroid cancers of follicular origin (TC-FCO) are desperately needed. TC-FCO mouse models show that blocking mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling with a MAP kinase kinase 1/2 (MEK1/2) inhibitor increases sodium iodide symporter expression and iodine incorporation. This 20 patient (pt) pilot study aimed to evaluate if the MEK1/2 inhibitor selumetinib (AZD6244, ARRY-142866) can reverse RAI-refractoriness in TC-FCO pts (NCT00970359). Methods: RAI-refractory TC-FCO disease was defined as: 1) non-RAI-avid lesion/s on a diagnostic or post-therapy RAI scan, 2) RAI-avid lesion/s that was stable or increased in size after RAI therapy, or 3) fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-avid lesion/s by positron emission tomography (PET) scan. rhTSH-stimulated lesional dosimetry with 124 I PET was performed prior to and after 4 weeks of treatment with selumetinib (75 mg orally bid). If the second 124 I PET scan predicted a lesional RAI dose of &gt; 2000 cGy, therapeutic RAI was administered while on the drug. Primary endpoints were to evaluate changes in tumor iodine uptake and RECIST response after RAI therapy; changes in serum thyroglobulin (TG) after RAI was a secondary endpoint. Results: 24 pts were enrolled, 22 eligible, and 20 evaluable. For the 20 evaluable pts, median age was 61 (range 44-77 yrs), 11 were men. 19 pts had tumors analyzed for BRAF and N-,K- RAS mutations. 8 pts had BRAF mutant (MUT), 11 BRAF wild-type (WT) tumors; 1 pt to be analyzed. Selumetinib increased 124 I uptake in 12 of the 20 pts (4 of 8 BRAF MUT; 8 of the 12 other pts). The 8 of those 12 pts achieving sufficient iodine avidity to warrant RAI therapy included all 5 pts known to be NRAS MUT to date and 1 BRAF MUT pt. Of the 7 pts who have received RAI, 5 had partial responses (PRs); 2 stable disease (SD). Mean percent reduction in TG in this group (pre- vs 2 months post- RAI) was 91%. No &gt; grade 2 CTCAE toxicities attributable to selumetinib were observed. 1 pt was diagnosed with myelodysplastic syndrome &gt; 51 weeks after RAI (unrelated to selumetinib). Conclusions: Selumetinib can enhance iodine uptake in a subset of RAI-refractory TC-FCO and may be particularly effective for RAS MUT tumors.
Abstract 12156: Chronic Nuclear Acidosis Defines Aging and Lifespan by Histone 4 Lysine 5 Acetylation in Mice
Authors: Tomohiro Osanai, Kei Izumiyama, Makoto Tanaka, Kazuo Murakami, Takahiko Kinjo, Tomohiro Tanno, Hirofumi Tomita, Akihiro Kobayashi, Ken Okumura
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Backgrounds:  A transient low pH stressor gives great impacts to the nucleus such as histone and DNA modulation, but little is known about whether and how chronic pH stressor affects aging and lifespan. We recently identified coupling factor 6 (CF6) induces long-term low pH in the cells by enhanced proton import through ecto-F1Fo complex and by reduced proton export through inhibition of Na+-K+ ATPase. Using CF6 overexpressing transgenic mice (TG), we analyzed how CF6 affects aging.   Methods and Results:  TG (n=20) manifested early senescence-associated phenotypes such as signs of hair graying and sparseness, resulting in shortened lifespan compared with wild-type mice (WT, n=13) (median values; 108±2 vs 131±11 weeks, p   Conclusions:  Acquired laminopathy by long-term low nuclear pH switched on aging by epigenetic mechanisms. These findings shed light on aging mechanism, and may provide a novel target for anti-aging therapy.
Effective Targeting Of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Initiating Activity With The Combination Of Arsenic Trioxide and Interferon Alpha
Authors: Rabab El Eit, Iskandarani Ahmad, Jessica Saliba, Mark Jabbour, Rami Mahfouz, Nizar Bitar, Hanadi ElAyoubi, Ghazi Zaatari, Francois-Xavier Mahon, Hugues de Thé, Ali Bazarbachi, Rihab Nasr
Journal: Blood (2013)
Dietary Practices of Early Life and Age at Death of Rats With Tumors&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: M H Ross, E D Lustbader, G Bras
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1983)

The association between the age at death of rats that develop spontaneous tumors and their early life dietary practices and growth responses was investigated. The data were obtained from outbred male Charles River CD Crl:COBS CD (SD)BR rats maintained for life on a self-selection dietary regimen that permitted them to regulate their protein intake apart from energy intake. A series of multivariable models was derived, after the rats were grouped by tumor type, that accurately accounted for the age of death of the individuals in each class. The models that explain the variance in death age of rats that develop tumors also differed from the combination of factors for rats that do not develop tumors but succumb to other age-related diseases. Although dietary protein and measures of growth are ubiquitous features in these models, no one set of idealized conditions for longevity can be proposed.
Impact of acute psychiatric inpatient treatment on major depression in late life and prediction of response
Authors: G S Zubenko, B H Mulsant, A H Rifai, R A Sweet, R E Pasternak, L J Marino, X M Tu
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

The authors conducted a prospective study to examine the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of elderly inpatients with major depression and their response to acute psychiatric hospitalization. The relation between the descriptive variables and clinical response was also investigated.The subjects were 205 consecutively admitted inpatients, whose mean age was 71 years, who met the DSM-III-R criteria for major depression. Each subject received detailed physical, psychiatric, and mental status examinations, along with quantitative assessments of psychiatric symptoms and cognitive performance at admission and at discharge. Management of physical problems was optimized, and patients were treated with a combination of somatic and psychotherapeutic interventions. The average duration of hospitalization was approximately 1 month.Despite considerable medical and psychiatric comorbidity, the patients responded well to treatment, as reflected by a 50% reduction in the average score on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Nearly one-half of the patients had experienced the resolution of their depressive symptoms by the time of discharge. Race, cognitive performance at admission, number of medical problems, use of ECT, and length of hospitalization independently contributed to the prediction of clinical response. Response to treatment was not related to the other sociodemographic variables examined or to any of the indexes of severity of depressive episode.Short-term psychiatric hospitalization offers an effective and efficient vehicle for the treatment of severe or complicated cases of major depression in the elderly, even when considerable medical and psychiatric comorbidity is present.
Preventing and Experiencing Ischemic Heart Disease as a Woman: State of the Science
Authors: Jean C. McSweeney, Anne G. Rosenfeld, Willie M. Abel, Lynne T. Braun, Lora E. Burke, Stacie L. Daugherty, Gerald F. Fletcher, Martha Gulati, Laxmi S. Mehta, Christina Pettey, Jane F. Reckelhoff
Journal: Circulation (2016)

HomeCirculationVol. 133, No. 13Preventing and Experiencing Ischemic Heart Disease as a Woman: State of the Science
Abstract 18187: Medicare Readmission Penalties: Worsening Cardiovascular Disease Outcome Disparities in a Low-Income Metropolitan Area?
Authors: Kim A Williams, Arshad A Javed, Amy M Horton
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Over 2,000 hospitals will reportedly forfeit more than $280 million in Medicare funds over the next year due to readmission penalties (RP) stimulated by the Affordable Care Act. Because key factors like socioeconomic status are not accounted for, it is suspected that RPs would target many safety-net hospitals that treat low-income patients with higher readmission rates, due to poor access to follow-up and medications. Objective: To evaluate the disparities between the RPs of poorer urban/inner-city hospitals (the Detroit Metropolitan Area, DMA) in comparison with those within the state of Michigan (MI), but outside of DMA. Methods: We analyzed the published Medicare RPs for 2013, which was based on 30-day readmission rates from 2008-2011 for congestive heart failure, pneumonia and acute myocardial infarction, attributing penalties ranging from 0 to 1% of all Medicare payments for 2013. We removed data from hospitals known to not serve patients with these illnesses (i.e., surgical or dedicated cancer hospitals). Results: Out of the 93 hospitals in the state of MI fitting these criteria, 5 were within the city of Detroit, 12 within the Detroit Medicare Region and 17 within the Detroit/Dearborn Region, which serves a similar population. No RP (0%) was given to 45 of 76 non-DMA hospitals, but to none of the 17 DMA hospitals (p &lt; 0.0001). The maximum penalty (1%) was received by 29% of DMA hospitals, compared with 22% of non-DMA hospitals. The average penalty in the DMA hospitals was 0.68%, but only 0.15% in non-DMA MI hospitals (p &lt; 0.001). Conclusion: RPs reduce Medicare payments to inner-city hospitals more than other hospitals in the state of MI. This may have the unintended consequence of further reducing access care from safety-net hospitals due to a) lack of funding for programs that can reduce recurrent illness post-discharge, b) incentives to stiffen criteria for admission to patients needing care, or c) resulting hospital closures.
Secondary malignancies of the penis and epididymis: a case report and review of the literature.
Authors: B L Powell, J B Craig, H B Muss
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1985)

A patient with carcinoma of the colon developed metastases to the penis and right epididymis. These two organs are rare locations for metastases and the concurrent involvement of both sites has not been previously described. Our patient and the results of a literature review are presented. Two hundred eighteen cases of penile and 37 separate cases of epididymal metastases were identified. The genitourinary and gastrointestinal tracts were the predominant sites of the primary malignancies. Presenting symptoms, the interval between diagnoses of the primary and metastatic lesions, and the therapy of the penile/epididymal deposits varied greatly. Surgical excision is the major mode of therapy; radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or hormonal therapy may be beneficial in selected cases. Survival among these patients is poor due to the presence in most patients of widespread metastases in addition to their genital lesions. However, instances of prolonged survival are noted in both groups. Patient characteristics and possible mechanisms of metastatic spread to the genitals are discussed.
Integration of 3D Printed and Micropatterned Polycaprolactone Scaffolds for Guidance of Oriented Collagenous Tissue Formation In Vivo
Authors: Sophia P. Pilipchuk, Alberto Monje, Yizu Jiao, Jie Hao, Laura Kruger, Colleen L. Flanagan, Scott J. Hollister, William V. Giannobile
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2016)

Scaffold design incorporating multiscale cues for clinically relevant, aligned tissue regeneration has potential to improve structural and functional integrity of multitissue interfaces. The objective of this preclinical study is to develop poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds with mesoscale and microscale architectural cues specific to human ligament progenitor cells and assess their ability to form aligned bone–ligament–cementum complexes in vivo. PCL scaffolds are designed to integrate a 3D printed bone region with a micropatterned PCL thin film consisting of grooved pillars. The patterned film region is seeded with human ligament cells, fibroblasts transduced with bone morphogenetic protein‐7 genes seeded within the bone region, and a tooth dentin segment positioned on the ligament region prior to subcutaneous implantation into a murine model. Results indicate increased tissue alignment in vivo using micropatterned PCL films, compared to random‐porous PCL. At week 6, 30 μm groove depth significantly enhances oriented collagen fiber thickness, overall cell alignment, and nuclear elongation relative to 10 μm groove depth. This study demonstrates for the first time that scaffolds with combined hierarchical mesoscale and microscale features can align cells in vivo for oral tissue repair with potential for improving the regenerative response of other bone–ligament complexes.