tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Standard first-line chemotherapy with or without nintedanib for advanced ovarian cancer (AGO-OVAR 12): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial
Authors: Andreas du Bois, Gunnar Kristensen, Isabelle Ray-Coquard, Alexander Reuss, Sandro Pignata, Nicoletta Colombo, Ursula Denison, Ignace Vergote, Jose M del Campo, Petronella Ottevanger, Martin Heubner, Thomas Minarik, Emmanuel Sevin, Nikolaus de Gregorio, Mariusz Bidziński, Jacobus Pfisterer, Susanne Malander, Felix Hilpert, Mansoor R Mirza, Giovanni Scambia, Werner Meier, Maria O Nicoletto, Line Bjørge, Alain Lortholary, Martin Oliver Sailer, Michael Merger, Philipp Harter
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2015)
Topical Fluorometholone Protects the Ocular Surface of Dry Eye Patients from Desiccating Stress
Authors: José Pinto-Fraga, Alberto López-Miguel, María J. González-García, Itziar Fernández, Alberto López-de-la-Rosa, Amalia Enríquez-de-Salamanca, Michael E. Stern, Margarita Calonge
Journal: Ophthalmology (2015)
Sparing the region of the salivary gland containing stem cells preserves saliva production after radiotherapy for head and neck cancer
Authors: Peter van Luijk, Sarah Pringle, Joseph O. Deasy, Vitali V. Moiseenko, Hette Faber, Allan Hovan, Mirjam Baanstra, Hans P. van der Laan, Roel G. J. Kierkels, Arjen van der Schaaf, Max J. Witjes, Jacobus M. Schippers, Sytze Brandenburg, Johannes A. Langendijk, Jonn Wu, Robert P. Coppes
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2015)

Avoiding irradiation of the region of the parotid gland containing stem cells reduces the risk of xerostomia (dry mouth).
Managing oesophageal cancer in a resource poor setting - a Malawian example.
Authors: Alexander Thumbs, Eric Borgstein
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Cite this as: BMJ 2010;341:c6723 doi:10.1136/bmi.c6723 The incidence of cancer of the oesophagus is increasing worldwide.1 Countries with adequate resources now have a range of diagnostic and treatment options for patients with this disease; unfortunately the situation in resource poor settings is hugely different. Oesophageal cancer is the sixth most common cancer in Malawi2 with almost equal proportions in men and women. By contrast with western Europe, adenocarci noma is rare; more than 90% of patients present with squamous cell carcinoma. Accepted risk factors such as smoking and alcohol (especially home brewed spirit) play a part in the pathogenesis of this condition in Africa, as elsewhere, but other factors need to be considered human papillomavirus infection, nitrosamines from open fire cooking, and aflatoxins from stored maize.3 The clinical scenario is discouraging; patients present late with long standing, progressive dysphagia, many of them unable even to swallow their own saliva. Diag nostic facilities are limited. At a district level a simple barium swallow may be possible, but endoscopy is avail able only in the central hospitals. Patients need to be referred for this investigation, often to a distant centre where endoscopy lists are overcrowded and pathology services limited. As a result months are lost between the
Abstract 15178: Physical Activity Architecture and Endothelial Function in Older Adults: Importance of Activity in Bouts
Authors: Tisha M Suboc, Scott J Strath, Nora E Miller, Kodlipet Dharmashankar, Allison Couillard, Michael J Tanner, Kristoph Haak, Daniel R Knabel, Michael E Widlansky
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction: National recommendations for physical activity (PA) in adults ages ≥ 50 years include near daily moderate intensity PA (3-6 METs) of at least 30 minutes duration, approximated by an a...
A Phenome-Wide Association Study Identifies a Novel Asthma Risk Locus Near <i>TERC</i>
Authors: Dru D. Claar, Emma K. Larkin, Lisa Bastarache, Timothy S. Blackwell, James E. Loyd, Tina V. Hartert, Joshua C. Denny, Jonathan A. Kropski
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2015)
Engineered Viruses as Genome Editing Devices
Authors: Xiaoyu Chen, Manuel A F V Gonçalves
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2015)

Genome editing based on sequence-specific designer nucleases, also known as programmable nucleases, seeks to modify in a targeted and precise manner the genetic information content of living cells. Delivering into cells designer nucleases alone or together with donor DNA templates, which serve as surrogate homologous recombination (HR) substrates, can result in gene knockouts or gene knock-ins, respectively. As engineered replication-defective viruses, viral vectors are having an increasingly important role as delivery vehicles for donor DNA templates and designer nucleases, namely, zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) and clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-associated Cas9 (CRISPR-Cas9) nucleases, also known as RNA-guided nucleases (RGNs). We review this dual role played by engineered viral particles on genome editing while focusing on their main scaffolds, consisting of lentiviruses, adeno-associated viruses, and adenoviruses. In addition, the coverage of the growing body of research on the repurposing of viral vectors as delivery systems for genome editing tools is complemented with information regarding their main characteristics, pros, and cons. Finally, this information is framed by a concise description of the chief principles, tools, and applications of the genome editing field as a whole.
Quality of Care of and Outcomes for African Americans Hospitalized With Heart Failure
Authors: Clyde W. Yancy, William T. Abraham, Nancy M. Albert, Robert Clare, Wendy Gattis Stough, Mihai Gheorghiade, Barry H. Greenberg, Christopher M. O'Connor, Lilin She, Jie Lena Sun, James B. Young, Gregg C. Fonarow
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)
A phase Ib trial of combretastatin A- 4 phosphate (CA4P) in combination with carboplatin or paclitaxel chemotherapy in patients with advanced cancer
Authors: G. J. S. Rustin, P. D. Nathan, J. Boxall, L. Saunders, T. S. Ganesan, G. E. Shreeves
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

3103 Background: Preclinical models have demonstrated that the vascular disruptive agent CA4P has to be given in combination with cytotoxic drugs or radiotherapy to cause major tumour regression. Having shown in phase 1 trials that CA4P can disrupt tumour blood supply with acceptable toxicity, we have performed a dose escalation study, combining CA 4P with either paclitaxel or carboplatin. Methods: Three patients per cohort with advanced cancer were treated with CA 4P as a 10 minute infusion, 18–22 hours prior to either carboplatin or paclitaxel (table) and repeated 3 weekly. Results: Twenty one patients have so far been recruited. The only drug related grade 3 or 4 toxicity seen has been tumour pain (2), allergy to carboplatin (1), sensory neuropathy and alopecia related to paclitaxel (1), lymphopenia (1), transient dysphasia (1), increase in liver enzymes GGT (2) and alkaline phosphatase (1). There has been no cardiotoxicity and minimal myelosuppression. Mild malaise, nausea and transient headache are commonly seen after CA4P. Partial response according to RECIST or CA125 has been seen in 6/9 evaluable patients with ovarian cancer and a patient with rapidly progressive renal papillary carcinoma stabilized for 4 months. If no DLT is seen with the doublet containing CA4P 54 mg/m2, all 3 drugs will be given and CA4P doses could be escalated higher. Conclusions: The combination of CA4P with either carboplatin or paclitaxel is well tolerated and the anti-tumour activity seen requires further studies. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Oxigene Oxigene
WHOOPING-COUGH AND RICKETS.
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
TRAIP promotes DNA damage response during genome replication and is mutated in primordial dwarfism
Authors: Margaret E Harley, Olga Murina, Andrea Leitch, Martin R Higgs, Louise S Bicknell, Gökhan Yigit, Andrew N Blackford, Anastasia Zlatanou, Karen J Mackenzie, Kaalak Reddy, Mihail Halachev, Sarah McGlasson, Martin A M Reijns, Adeline Fluteau, Carol-Anne Martin, Simone Sabbioneda, Nursel H Elcioglu, Janine Altmüller, Holger Thiele, Lynn Greenhalgh, Luciana Chessa, Mohamad Maghnie, Mahmoud Salim, Michael B Bober, Peter Nürnberg, Stephen P Jackson, Matthew E Hurles, Bernd Wollnik, Grant S Stewart, Andrew P Jackson
Journal: Nature Genetics (2015)
Impact of a Biomarker-Based Strategy on Oncology Drug Development: A Meta-analysis of Clinical Trials Leading to FDA Approval
Authors: Denis L. Fontes Jardim, Maria Schwaederle, Caimiao Wei, J. Jack Lee, David S. Hong, Alexander M. Eggermont, Richard L. Schilsky, John Mendelsohn, Vladimir Lazar, Razelle Kurzrock
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2015)

Background:In order to ascertain the impact of a biomarker-based (personalized) strategy, we compared outcomes between US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)–approved cancer treatments that were studied with and without such a selection rationale.
DNA fingerprints from hypervariable mitochondrial genotypes.
Authors: J C Avise, B W Bowen, T Lamb
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1989)

Conventional surveys of restriction-fragment polymorphisms in mitochondrial DNA of menhaden fish (Brevoortia tyrannus/patronus complex) and chuckwalla lizards (Sauromalus obesus) revealed exceptionally high levels of genetic variation, attributable to differences in mtDNA size as well as in restriction sites. The observed probabilities that any two randomly drawn individuals differed detectably in mtDNA genotype were 0.998 and 0.983 in the two species, respectively. Thus, the variable gel profiles provided unique mtDNA "fingerprints" for most conspecific animals assayed. mtDNA fingerprints differ from nuclear DNA fingerprints in several empirical respects and should find special application in the genetic assessment of maternity.
Abstract 19210: Remote Ischemic Conditioning, Applied During Recurrent Coronary Thrombosis Mimicking Unstable Angina, Improves Coronary Patency
Authors: Karin Przyklenk, Peter Whittaker
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Evidence from our group revealed that the benefits of preconditioning ischemia extend beyond infarct size reduction via up-regulation of cardioprotective signaling. We found that brief antecedent ischemia: i) attenuates molecular indices of platelet activation-aggregation (i.e., P-selectin expression, fibrinogen binding); and thus ii) improves arterial patency in models mimicking unstable angina. However, two issues limit potential translation of this endogenous anti-platelet effect: the conditioning stimulus was applied directly to the heart, as a pretreatment . Our current aim was to establish whether brief ischemia applied at a remote site (skeletal muscle), after the onset of recurrent coronary thrombosis, would improve subsequent coronary patency. Methods: Recurrent platelet-mediated coronary thrombosis was initiated in anesthetized dogs by application of a stenosis at a site of vessel injury. At 1 h after injury + stenosis, dogs received: i) remote ischemic conditioning (RIC: 4 5-min episodes of bilateral hindlimb ischemia); or ii) a time-matched sham-control period. Coronary blood flow was monitored throughout the 1 h before treatment and for 2 h after the RIC/sham stimulus. Primary endpoints were: i) area of the flow-time profile (index of coronary patency, expressed as % of baseline flow); and ii) % duration of total thrombotic occlusion (flow=0). Results: Both groups displayed poor coronary patency during the 1 h pretreat period: flow-time area averaged 31-32%, and duration of total thrombotic occlusion was 19-25%. Patency remained unchanged in controls throughout the protocol. In contrast, RIC evoked an immediate attenuation of recurrent thrombosis: flow-time area was increased to 63±10% (p&lt;0.01) and duration of total occlusion was reduced to 4% (p=0.11). Conclusion: Remote ischemic conditioning, applied during episodes of recurrent platelet-mediated thrombosis mimicking unstable angina, improves subsequent coronary patency.
Passive smoking may influence respiratory allergic reaction
Authors: Tanja Pavlovic, Ljudmila Nagorni, Marija Mitic Milikic, Dejan Pavlovic
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

It has been proven that smoking boosts the symptoms of allergy; the smokers have higher bronchial responsiveness and tobacco smoking provokes a strong immunological imbalance to those exposed.  The aim of our study was to evaluate reactivity and sensitivity of respiratory tract in persons with the symptoms of allergic rhinitis and proven tobacco smoke allergy who are active smokers or passively exposed to tobacco smoke.   Materials and methods:  We evaluated 40 patients, average age 34 years divided into two groups: group I - active smokers (with average 16.4±8.7 package years) and group II – passive smokers. All subjects had symptoms of allergic rhinitis, local ORL findings that confirms excluded vasomotor rhinitis, positive Prick test on inhalation allergens of tobacco smoke and normal basal spirometry findings. Non-specific bronchoprovocative testing was done by intermittent inhalation of histamine in progressive grooving doze and result was expressed by the value of provocative doze by which the value of FEV1 was reduced by 20% of basal FEV1. Histamine responsiveness was analyzed using dose-response slope to describe each subject9s responsiveness (positive results were considered to be if reactivity was between 520-2000mcg).   Results:  Bronchial activity was confirmed in 58.2% in smoking group and 39.5% in non-smoking group. The degree of bronchial hypereactivity didn9t differ between groups, although provocative doze was in lower concentrations in smoking group, but difference wasn9t significant.   Conclusion:  Although we confirmed that smokers have higher degree of hypereactivity than non-smokers, our results in passive smokers group may implicate on significance of passive smoking.
Ventricular Unloading, Tissue Angiotensin II, Matrix Modulation, and Function During Left Ventricular Assist Device Support⁎⁎Editorials published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiologyreflect the views of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of JACCor the American College of Cardiology.
Authors: Bodh I. Jugdutt, Craig Butler
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2007)
Corrigendum to “Gene networks and transcription factor motifs defining the differentiation of human stem cells into hepatocyte-like cells” [J Hepatol 2015;63:934–942]
Authors: Patricio Godoy, Wolfgang Schmidt-Heck, Karthick Natarajan, Baltasar Lucendo-Villarin, Dagmara Szkolnicka, Annika Asplund, Petter Björquist, Agata Widera, Regina Stöber, Gisela Campos, Seddik Hammad, Agapios Sachinidis, Umesh Chaudhari, Georg Damm, Thomas S. Weiss, Andreas Nüssler, Jane Synnergren, Karolina Edlund, Barbara Küppers-Munther, David C. Hay, Jan G. Hengstler
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)

Gene networks and transcription factor motifs defining the differentiation of stem cells into hepatocyte-like cellsJournal of HepatologyVol. 63Issue 4PreviewPrimary human hepatocytes represent a well-established tool in pharmacology and toxicology [1] and have been applied for transplantation in metabolic liver diseases [2]. However, a major limitation is availability, since primary hepatocytes have to be isolated from surgically resected liver tissue [1]. Recently, protocols have been established and optimized to generate hepatocyte-like cells (HLC) from human embryonic stem cells (ESC) or human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) [3–7], and human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) [8,9]. Full-Text PDF Open Access An error was introduced in Fig. 4 of the original manuscript. Please find the corrected figure below. The authors apologize for any inconvenience.
Remodelling of elastic fibres in<i>striae gravidarum</i>
Authors: R.E.B. Watson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2015)

Journal Article Remodelling of elastic fibres in striae gravidarum Get access R.E.B. Watson R.E.B. Watson Centre for Dermatology Research Faculty of Medicine & Human Sciences Manchester Academic Health Science Centre The University of Manchester Manchester M13 9PT U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 173, Issue 6, 1 December 2015, Pages 1359–1360, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.14275 Published: 01 December 2015
Polyfunctional incompletely differentiated CD8+ T cells accumulates after adoptive transfer of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and establish immunological memory in patients with metastatic melanoma
Authors: Marco Donia, Julie Westerlin Kjeldsen, Rikke Andersen, Marie Christine Wulff Westergaard, Inge Marie Svane
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2015)

Meeting abstracts Infusion of highly heterogeneous populations of autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) can result in tumor regression of exceptional duration. Initial tumor regression has been associated to persistence of TILs shortly after infusion, but it is currently not clear
Personalized Cardiovascular Medicine Today
Authors: Alison Blaus, Rajanikanth Madabushi, Michael Pacanowski, Martin Rose, Robert N. Schuck, Norman Stockbridge, Robert Temple, Ellis F. Unger
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Over the past decade, personalized medicine has received considerable attention from researchers, drug developers, and regulatory agencies. Personalized medicine includes identifying patients most likely to benefit and those most likely to experience adverse reactions in response to a drug, and tailoring therapy based on pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamic response, as well. Perhaps most exciting is finding ways to identify likely responders through genetic, proteomic, or other tests, so that only likely responders will be treated. However, less precise methods such as identifying historical, demographic, or other indicators of increased or reduced responsiveness are also important aspects of personalized medicine. The cardiovascular field has not used many genetic or proteomic markers, but has regularly used prognostic variables to identify likely responders. The development of biomarker-based approaches to personalized medicine in cardiovascular disease has been challenging, in part, because most cardiovascular therapies treat acquired syndromes, such as acute coronary syndrome and heart failure, which develop over many decades and represent the end result of several pathophysiological mechanisms. More precise disease classification and greater understanding of individual variations in disease pathology could drive the development of targeted therapeutics. Success in designing clinical trials for personalized medicine will require the selection of patient populations with attributes that can be targeted or that predict outcome, and the use of appropriate enrichment strategies once such attributes are identified. Here, we describe examples of personalized medicine in cardiovascular disease, discuss its impact on clinical trial design, and provide insight into the future of personalized cardiovascular medicine from a regulatory perspective.
Abstract 12523: Crucial Role of SmgGDS in the Inhibitory Effects of Statins on Cardiac Hypertrophy and Fibrosis in Mice
Authors: Shun Kudo, Kimio Satoh, Shinichi Tanaka, Tatsuro Minami, Nobuhiro Kikuchi, Junichi Omura, Kota Suzuki, Shohei Ikeda, Hiroaki Shimokawa
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: We have previously demonstrated that small GTP-binding protein dissociation stimulator (SmgGDS) plays a crucial role in the pleiotropic effects of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) in mice and humans. In the present study, we tested our hypothesis that SmgGDS plays a crucial role in the inhibitory effects of statins on the development of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Methods &amp; Results: We administered angiotensin II (AngII, 2 mg/kg/day, 2 weeks) to SmgGDS-deficient ( SmgGDS +/- ) mice and littermate controls ( SmgGDS +/+ ), which were orally treated with either statins (atorvastatin 10 mg/kg/day or pravastatin 50 mg/kg/day, n=10 each group) or vehicle. AngII equally elevated systolic blood pressure and promoted cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in SmgGDS +/+ and SmgGDS +/- . Both statins significantly reduced LV wall thickness, cardiac myocyte cross-sectional area, and fibrotic area in AngII-infused SmgGDS +/+ mice (all P&lt;0.01). In contrast, the inhibitory effects of statins were absent in AngII-infused SmgGDS +/- mice. Additionally, statins significantly improved LV diastolic function (E/A) in SmgGDS +/+ mice (P&lt;0.01) but not in SmgGDS +/- mice. Interestingly, immunostaining revealed that SmgGDS was highly expressed in cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) in the heart of AngII-infused SmgGDS +/+ mice. Then, we harvested CFs from SmgGDS +/+ and SmgGDS +/- mice and stimulated them with AngII with or without statins. At baseline, SmgGDS +/- CFs showed significant increase in Rac1 expression (1.8-fold), ERK1/2 activity (4.0-fold), Rho-kinase activity (phospho-MYPT/total-MYPT, 1.4-fold) compared to SmgGDS +/+ CFs, whereas Akt activity was significantly less in SmgGDS +/- CFs compared to SmgGDS +/+ CFs (n=4, all P&lt;0.05). Statin treatment significantly reduced Rac1 expression in SmgGDS +/+ CFs (-30%, n=4, P&lt;0.05), which was not observed in SmgGDS +/- CFs, suggesting that SmgGDS mediates the inhibitory effects of statins on Rac1 signaling. Conclusions: These results indicate that SmgGDS plays a crucial role in the inhibitory effects of statins on cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, partly through inhibition of Rac1, Rho-kinase, and ERK1/2 pathways.