tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The binding of human lactoferrin to mouse peritoneal cells.
Authors: J L Van Snick, P L Masson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1976)

Human iron-saturated Lf (FeLf), which was labeled with 125I or 50Fe, was found to combine with the membrane of mouse peritoneal cells (MPC) which consisted of 70% macrophages. The following experimental data suggested the involvement of a specific receptor. (a) The binding of FeLf to MPC reached a saturation point. (b) The binding of radioactive FeLf was inhibited by preincubating the cells with cold FeLf but not with human Tf, human aggregated and nonaggregated IgG, or beef heart cytochrome c (c) Succinylation and carbamylation of FeLf resulted in a loss of its inhibiting activity on the binding of radioactive FeLf. Removal of neuraminic acid from FeLf increased its inhibitory activity. (d) The ability of apoLf to inhibit the binding of FeLf to MPC was significantly lower than that of FeLf. The existence of a Lf receptor capable of concentrating Lf released from neutrophils on the membrane of macrophages could explain the apparent blockade of the release of iron from the reticuloendothelial system, which accounts for the hyposideremia of inflammation. A receptor for FeLf was also found on mouse peritoneal lymphocytes. The affinity constant of FeLf for both lymphocytes and macrophages was 0.9 X 12(6) liter/mol. Howerver, macrophages bound three times more FeLf molecules (20 X 10(6)) per cell than did lymphocytes (7 X 10(6)).
Comparison of the Scanning Peripheral Anterior Chamber Depth Analyzer and the Modified van Herick Grading System in the Assessment of Angle Closure
Authors: Mani Baskaran, Francis T.S. Oen, Yiong-Huak Chan, Sek-Tien Hoh, Ching-Lin Ho, Kenji Kashiwagi, Paul J. Foster, Tin Aung
Journal: Ophthalmology (2006)
China to stop using organs from executed prisoners for transplantations
Authors: S. D. L. Xu
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Interferon (IFN) has long been recognized to downregulate cytochrome P450-mediated drug metabolism. Some investigations have shown that induced P450 enzymes tend to be more resistant to the depressant effect of IFN, whereas constitutive forms of P450 are uniformly depressed by IFN. We examined the effect of varying the period of induction of P450 proteins (CYP1A1, CYP2B, and CYP2E1) in two animal species. In mice, the IFN inducer polyinosinic acid-polycytidylic acid depressed the constitutive and induced enzyme activities of ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase, benzyl-oxyresorufin O-dealkylase, and p-nitrophenol hydroxylase at all levels of induction. The depression of P450 proteins (CYP1A1, CYP2B10, and CYP2E1) was confirmed by immunoblotting. In contrast, the downregulation of the same enzyme activities observed at 0 and 24 hr of induction did not occur after 48 or 72 hr of induction in the rat. Immunoblotting confirmed that CYP1A1, CYP2B1, and CYP2E1 levels were downregulated in control and at low levels of induction, but were not affected at high levels of induction. The response of constitutive enzyme activities to downregulation by IFN was not influenced by any of the induction protocols in rats or mice. Thus, cytochrome P450 induction does not invariably confer resistance to IFN-mediated downregulation of the enzymes, and the mechanism of induction does not determine the response to IFN. It seems that the species and duration or level of induction are the major influences on the observed response of P450 enzymes to IFN-evoked downregulation.
Administration of cyclosporine for 24 months compared with 6 months for prevention of chronic graft-versus-host disease: a prospective randomized clinical trial
Authors: Emin Kansu, Ted Gooley, Mary E. D. Flowers, Claudio Anasetti, H. Joachim Deeg, Richard A. Nash, Jean E. Sanders, Robert P. Witherspoon, Frederick R. Appelbaum, Rainer Storb, Paul J. Martin
Journal: Blood (2001)
Allergic reactions to drugs: involvement of T cells
Authors: W. J Pichler
Journal: Thorax (2000)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> The problem of deciphering how low-level patterns (action potentials in the brain, amino acids in a protein, etc.) drive high-level biological features (sensorimotor behavior, enzymatic function) represents the central challenge of quantitative biology. The lack of general methods for doing so from the size of datasets that can be collected experimentally severely limits our understanding of the biological world. For example, in neuroscience, some sensory and motor codes have been shown to consist of precisely timed multi-spike patterns. However, the combinatorial complexity of such pattern codes have precluded development of methods for their comprehensive analysis. Thus, just as it is hard to predict a protein’s function based on its sequence, we still do not understand how to accurately predict an organism’s behavior based on neural activity. Here we derive a method for solving this class of problems. We demonstrate its utility in an application to neural data, detecting precisely timed spike patterns that code for specific motor behaviors in a songbird vocal system. Our method detects such codewords with an arbitrary number of spikes, does so from small data sets, and accounts for dependencies in occurrences of codewords. Detecting such dictionaries of important spike patterns – rather than merely identifying the timescale on which such patterns exist, as in some prior approaches – opens the door for understanding fine motor control and the neural bases of sensorimotor learning in animals. For example, for the first time, we identify differences in encoding motor exploration versus typical behavior. Crucially, our method can be used not only for analysis of neural systems, but also for understanding the structure of correlations in other biological and nonbiological datasets.
High p27<sup>Kip1</sup> Expression Predicts Superior Relapse-Free and Overall Survival for Premenopausal Women With Early-Stage Breast Cancer Receiving Adjuvant Treatment With Tamoxifen Plus Goserelin
Authors: Gudrun Pohl, Margaretha Rudas, Otto Dietze, Sigurd Lax, Eva Markis, Robert Pirker, Christoph C. Zielinski, Hubert Hausmaninger, Ernst Kubista, Hellmut Samonigg, Raimund Jakesz, Martin Filipits
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

To determine the predictive value of p27Kip1 in premenopausal women with early-stage hormone receptor-positive breast cancer.We retrospectively examined tumor specimens from 512 patients with breast cancer who were enrolled onto Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group (ABCSG) Trial 5. In this trial, premenopausal, hormone receptor-positive breast cancer patients with stage I and II disease were randomly assigned to receive either 5 years of tamoxifen plus 3 years of goserelin or six cycles of cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil. p27Kip1 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry, and its association with clinical outcome was determined. Statistical analyses were performed to test for interaction between p27Kip1 status and treatment.High p27Kip1 expression (nuclear p27Kip1 staining in >/= 50% of tumor cells) independently predicted superior relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in both the total study population (RFS: relative risk [RR], 0.53; 95% CI, 0.34 to 0.82; P =.004; OS: RR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.15 to 0.58; P <.001) and patients treated with combination endocrine therapy (RFS: RR, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.16 to 0.63; P =.001; OS: RR, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.05 to 0.53; P =.003). The interaction between p27Kip1 expression and treatment was statistically significant for RFS (P =.04) but not for OS (P =.27).High p27Kip1 expression was an independent predictor of responsiveness to hormonal therapy and thus may be useful for the selection of premenopausal women with early-stage hormone receptor-positive breast cancer for adjuvant combination endocrine therapy.
Postmenopausal hormone therapy and colorectal cancer risk by molecularly defined subtypes among older women
Authors: David Limsui, Robert A Vierkant, Lori S Tillmans, Alice H Wang, Daniel J Weisenberger, Peter W Laird, Charles F Lynch, Kristin E Anderson, Amy J French, Robert W Haile, Lisa J Harnack, John D Potter, Susan L Slager, Thomas C Smyrk, Stephen N Thibodeau, James R Cerhan, Paul J Limburg
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Background</h3> Postmenopausal hormone (PMH) therapy may reduce colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, but existing data are inconclusive. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate associations between PMH therapy and incident CRC, overall and by molecularly defined subtypes, in the population-based Iowa Women9s Health Study of older women. <h3>Methods</h3> Exposure data were collected from Iowa Women9s Health Study participants (55–69 years) at baseline (1986). Archived, paraffin-embedded tissue specimens for 553 CRC cases were collected and analysed to determine microsatellite instability (MSI-L/MSS or MSI-H), CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP-negative or CIMP-positive) and <i>BRAF</i> mutation (<i>BRAF</i>-wildtype or <i>BRAF</i>-mutated) status. Multivariable Cox regression models were fit to estimate RRs and 95% CIs. <h3>Results</h3> PMH therapy (ever vs never use) was inversely associated with incident CRC overall (RR=0.82; 95% CI 0.72 to 0.93), with a significantly lower risk for MSI-L/MSS tumours (RR=0.75; 95% CI 0.60 to 0.94), and borderline significantly lower risks for CIMP-negative (RR=0.79; 95% CI 0.63 to 1.01) and <i>BRAF</i>-wildtype (RR=0.83; 95% CI 0.66 to 1.04) tumours. For PMH therapy &gt;5 years, the subtype-specific risk estimates for MSI-L/MSS, CIMP-negative and <i>BRAF</i>-wildtype tumours were: RR=0.60, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.91; RR=0.68, 95% CI 0.45 to 1.03; and RR=0.70, 95% CI 0.47 to 1.05, respectively. PMH therapy was not significantly associated with the MSI-H, CIMP-positive or <i>BRAF</i>-mutated CRC subtypes. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In this prospective cohort study, PMH therapy was inversely associated with distinct molecularly defined CRC subtypes, which may be related to differential effects from oestrogen and/or progestin on heterogeneous pathways of colorectal carcinogenesis.
NOD.c3c4 congenic mice develop autoimmune biliary disease that serologically and pathogenetically models human primary biliary cirrhosis
Authors: Junichiro Irie, Yuehong Wu, Linda S. Wicker, Daniel Rainbow, Michael A. Nalesnik, Raphael Hirsch, Laurence B. Peterson, Patrick S.C. Leung, Chunmei Cheng, Ian R. Mackay, M. Eric Gershwin, William M. Ridgway
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2006)

Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is an autoimmune disease with a strong genetic component characterized by biliary ductular inflammation with eventual liver cirrhosis. The serologic hallmark of PBC is antimitochondrial antibodies that react with the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, targeting the inner lipoyl domain of the E2 subunit (anti–PDC-E2). Herein we demonstrate that NOD.c3c4 mice congenically derived from the nonobese diabetic strain develop an autoimmune biliary disease (ABD) that models human PBC. NOD.c3c4 (at 9–10 wk, before significant biliary pathology) develop antibodies to PDC-E2 that are specific for the inner lipoyl domain. Affected areas of biliary epithelium are infiltrated with CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells, and treatment of NOD.c3c4 mice with monoclonal antibody to CD3 protects from ABD. Furthermore, NOD.c3c4-scid mice develop disease after adoptive transfer of splenocytes or CD4+ T cells, demonstrating a central role for T cells in pathogenesis. Histological analysis reveals destructive cholangitis, granuloma formation, and eosinophilic infiltration as seen in PBC, although, unlike PBC, the extrahepatic biliary ducts are also affected. Using a congenic mapping approach, we define the first ABD (Abd) locus, Abd1. These results identify the NOD.c3c4 mouse as the first spontaneous mouse model of PBC.
Taking up physical activity in later life and healthy ageing: the English longitudinal study of ageing
Authors: Mark Hamer, Kim L Lavoie, Simon L Bacon
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2013)

Background Physical activity is associated with improved overall health in those people who survive to older ages, otherwise conceptualised as healthy ageing. Previous studies have examined the effects of mid-life physical activity on healthy ageing, but not the effects of taking up activity later in life. We examined the association between physical activity and healthy ageing over 8 years of follow-up. Methods Participants were 3454 initially disease-free men and women (aged 63.7±8.9 years at baseline) from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, a prospective study of community dwelling older adults. Self-reported physical activity was assessed at baseline (2002–2003) and through follow-up. Healthy ageing, assessed at 8 years of follow-up (2010-2011), was defined as those participants who survived without developing major chronic disease, depressive symptoms, physical or cognitive impairment. Results At follow-up, 19.3% of the sample was defined as healthy ageing. In comparison with inactive participants, moderate (OR, 2.67, 95% CI 1.95 to 3.64), or vigorous activity (3.53, 2.54 to 4.89) at least once a week was associated with healthy ageing, after adjustment for age, sex, smoking, alcohol, marital status and wealth. Becoming active (multivariate adjusted, 3.37, 1.67 to 6.78) or remaining active (7.68, 4.18 to 14.09) was associated with healthy ageing in comparison with remaining inactive over follow-up. Conclusions Sustained physical activity in older age is associated with improved overall health. Significant health benefits were even seen among participants who became physically active relatively late in life.
Proteomic investigation in blood of patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia
Authors: Larissa Muravluyova, Vilen Molotov-Luchanskiy, Dmitriy Kluyev
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

The aim of the study was to determine albumin, C-reactive protein (CRP) and the modified proteins in the blood of patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP). There were 2 groups: 19 patients with IIP (moderate severity, respiratory failure of second degree) and 32 healthy persons as control subjects. The diagnosis of IIP was exposed on the basis of clinical observation and verified by computed tomography. All patients have had IIP duration at least 4 years. Albumin, CRP, reactive carbonyl derivates of proteins (RCD) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) were measured in plasma. The concentration of RCD and AOPPs were measured following the protocol of R.L. Levine et al. (1990) and Witko-Sarsat et al (1996).

The concentration of albumin was lower compared control ones (by 27%). At the same time the CRP level in plasma of 50% patients was higher compared with control ones. The tendency to increasing of RCD and significant growth of AOPPs (by 3 times, p< 0.001) in plasma of patients compared with control ones. The preferential accumulation of AOPPs may be considered as one of mediator of IIP progression.
Perception of and adaptation to rectal isobaric distension in patients with faecal incontinence
Authors: L Siproudhis, E Bellissant, F Juguet, H Allain, J-F Bretagne, M Gosselin
Journal: Gut (1999)

Perception of, and adaptation of the rectum to, distension probably play an important role in the maintenance of continence, but perception studies in faecal incontinence provide controversial conclusions possibly related to methodological biases. In order to better understand perception disorders, the aim of this study was to analyse anorectal adaptation to rectal isobaric distension in subjects with incontinence.Between June 95 and December 97, 97 consecutive patients (nine men and 88 women, mean (SEM) age 55 (1) years) suffering from incontinence were evaluated and compared with 15 healthy volunteers (four men and 11 women, mean age 48 (3) years). The patients were classified into three groups according to their perception status to rectal isobaric distensions (impaired, 22; normal, 61; enhanced, 14). Anal and rectal adaptations to increasing rectal pressure were analysed using a model of rectal isobaric distension.The four groups did not differ with respect to age, parity, or sex ratio. Magnitude of incontinence, prevalence of pelvic disorders, and sphincter defects were similar in the incontinent groups. When compared with healthy controls, anal pressure and rectal adaptation to distension were decreased in incontinent patients. When compared with incontinent patients with normal perception, patients with enhanced perception experienced similar rectal adaptation but had reduced anal pressure. In contrast, patients with impaired perception showed considerably decreased rectal adaptation but had similar anal pressure.Abnormal sensations during rectal distension are observed in one third of subjects suffering from incontinence. These abnormalities may reflect hyperreactivity or neuropathological damage of the rectal wall.
A randomized, controlled comparative study of the wrinkle reduction benefits of a cosmetic niacinamide/peptide/retinyl propionate product regimen vs. a prescription 0·02% tretinoin product regimen
Authors: J.J.J. Fu, G.G. Hillebrand, P. Raleigh, J. Li, M.J. Marmor, V. Bertucci, P.E. Grimes, S.H. Mandy, M.I. Perez, S.H. Weinkle, J.R. Kaczvinsky
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Journal Article A randomized, controlled comparative study of the wrinkle reduction benefits of a cosmetic niacinamide/peptide/retinyl propionate product regimen vs. a prescription 0·02% tretinoin product regimen Get access J.J.J. Fu, J.J.J. Fu Private practice, Mason, OH, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G.G. Hillebrand, G.G. Hillebrand The Procter & Gamble Company, 11510 Reed Hartman Highway, Cincinnati, OH 45241‐9974, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. Raleigh, P. Raleigh The Procter & Gamble Company, 11510 Reed Hartman Highway, Cincinnati, OH 45241‐9974, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Li, J. Li The Procter & Gamble Company, 11510 Reed Hartman Highway, Cincinnati, OH 45241‐9974, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.J. Marmor, M.J. Marmor The Procter & Gamble Company, 11510 Reed Hartman Highway, Cincinnati, OH 45241‐9974, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar V. Bertucci, V. Bertucci University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.E. Grimes, P.E. Grimes UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S.H. Mandy, S.H. Mandy University of Miami, Miami, FL, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.I. Perez, M.I. Perez Columbia University, New York, NY, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S.H. Weinkle, S.H. Weinkle Private practice, Bradenton, FL, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ... Show more J.R. Kaczvinsky J.R. Kaczvinsky The Procter & Gamble Company, 11510 Reed Hartman Highway, Cincinnati, OH 45241‐9974, U.S.A. Joseph R. Kaczvinsky. E‐mail: kaczvinsky.jr@pg.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 162, Issue 3, 1 March 2010, Pages 647–654, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09436.x Published: 01 March 2010
Increased Mitochondrial DNA Content in Saliva Associated with Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Wei-Wen Jiang, Brett Masayesva, Marianna Zahurak, Andre Lopes Carvalho, Eli Rosenbaum, Elizabeth Mambo, Shaoyu Zhou, Khalid Minhas, Nicole Benoit, William H. Westra, Anthony Alberg, David Sidransky, Wayne Koch, Joseph Califano
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Alterations of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have been described in human tumors and in other tissues in association with smoking exposure. We did quantitative PCR of cytochrome c oxidase I (Cox I) and cytochrome c oxidase II (Cox II) genes on oral rinse samples obtained from 94 patients with primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) and a control group of 656 subjects. Mitochondrial DNA/nuclear DNA in saliva from HNSC patients and controls in relationship to smoking exposure, ethanol intake, and tumor stage were examined. Mean levels of Cox I and Cox II in saliva samples were significantly higher in HNSC patients: Cox I, 0.076 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.06-0.09] and Cox II, 0.055 (95% CI, 0.04-0.07) in comparison with controls Cox I, 0.054 (95% CI, 0.05-0.06), P &amp;lt; 0.0001 and Cox II, 0.046 (95% CI, 0.04-0.05), P = 0.003 (t test). MtDNA levels were elevated in primary tumors when compared with matched, pretreatment saliva and significant correlation was noted (Cox I, r = 0.30, P = 0.005 and Cox II r = 0.33, P = 0.002, respectively, Pearson's correlation). On univariate analysis, smoking, age, HNSC diagnosis, and advanced stage of HNSC were associated with higher level of mtDNA content in saliva. Multivariate analysis showed a significant and independent association of HNSC diagnosis, age, and smoking with increasing mtDNA/nuclear DNA for Cox I and Cox II. mtDNA content alteration is associated with HNSC independently of age and smoking exposure, can be detected in saliva, and may be due to elevation in mtDNA content in primary HNSC.
What to do about the “weekend effect”
Authors: Fiona Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Does being admitted to hospital at the weekend increase your risk of dying in the next 30 days compared with admission during the week? If so, is your death avoidable, and would a fully operational seven day service prevent it? A new Analysis article by Nick Freemantle and colleagues sheds some light on these questions but leaves many more to be answered (doi:10.1136/bmj.h4596).

The findings confirm these authors’ previous work published in 2012 (doi:10.1258/jrsm.2012.120009). They find that patients admitted on Saturdays and Sundays have an increased relative risk of death of 10% and 15%, respectively. They also find a smaller increased risk of …
Screening for sleep-disordered breathing in neuromuscular disease using a questionnaire for symptoms associated with diaphragm paralysis
Authors: J. Steier, C.J. Jolley, J. Seymour, H. Teschler, Y.M. Luo, M.I. Polkey, J. Moxham
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2010)

Patients with neuromuscular disease (NMD) are at risk of developing sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) following respiratory muscle involvement. We hypothesised that a questionnaire based on clinical symptoms and signs of diaphragm weakness can be used to screen for SDB in such patients. We developed a self-administered multiple choice questionnaire containing five questions (Sleep-Disordered Breathing in Neuromuscular Disease Questionnaire (SiNQ)-5), scoring 0–10 points. 125 patients were enrolled: 32 with respiratory muscle weakness, 35 subjects with normal respiratory muscle strength and 58 patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). All subjects underwent full polysomnography. NMD patients with involvement of the respiratory muscles scored mean± sd 6.8±2.3 out of 10 points, significantly higher than both OSA patients 2.5±2.3 and normal subjects 1.0±2.0 (p&lt;0.001). A score of five or more points in the SiNQ-5 had a sensitivity of 86.2%, specificity of 88.5%, positive predictive value of 69.4% and a negative predictive value of 95.5% to identify NMD with combined SDB. A short self-administered questionnaire, the SiNQ-5, based on clinical symptoms can reliably screen for SDB in patients with diaphragm weakness. However, comorbidities, such as heart failure, that have symptoms influenced by posture could alter diagnostic accuracy.