tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract MP94: Short Sleep Duration Modifies the Relationship Between Cognitive Impairment Associated with Cardiovascular Disease and All-cause Mortality
Authors: Julio Fernandez-Mendoza, Fan He, Alexandros N Vgontzas, Duanping Liao, Edward O Bixler
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Short sleep duration has been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease (CVD), cognitive impairment (CI) and mortality. However, the role of sleep duration in predicting mortality in the context of CVD and CI is still not well-understood. Hypothesis: Short sleep duration is a key effect modifier of the relationship between CI associated with CVD and all-cause mortality. Methods: We addressed this hypothesis in the Penn State Adult Cohort, a random, general population sample of 1,741 middle-aged adults who were studied in the sleep lab and followed-up for 15y. An in-lab, 8-hour polysomnography was performed to ascertain sleep duration. CI associated with CVD was defined by the presence of hypertension, diabetes, heart disease and/or stroke with impaired higher-order, executive cognitive functioning, including slow processing speed. We tested the interaction between sleep duration and CI associated with CVD on all-cause mortality with multiple logistic regression while adjusting for sex, age, race, obesity, smoking, cholesterol, depression, insomnia, dementia, and sleep apnea. Results: The odds of mortality associated with CI-alone, CVD-alone, and CI associated with CVD were 1.3 (95% CI: 0.7-2.4), 1.7 (95% CI: 1.1-2.8), and 4.6 (95% CI: 2.8-7.7), respectively. As shown in Figure 1, the interaction between CI associated with CVD and sleep duration was significant (p &lt; .01), indicating that the probability of mortality increased significantly as a function of shorter sleep duration in individuals with CI associated with CVD. Conclusion: We found that objective sleep duration modifies the relationship between CI associated with CVD and all-cause mortality in a dose-response manner. Short sleep duration in individuals with probable vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) may serve as a biomarker of the severity of central autonomic dysfunction. Future studies should examine whether improving sleep reduces the odds of mortality in individuals with VCI.
Genetic Counseling in Hemoglobin SC Disease: Data from the Belgian Registry
Authors: Phu-Quoc Lê, Alina Ferster, Laurence Dedeken, Laurence Rozen, Christiane Vermylen, Anna Vanderfaeillie, Sophie Huybrechts, Christine Devalck, Catherine Heijmans, Marie-Françoise Dresse, André Efira, Samantha Benghiat, Sophie Dupont, Beatrice Gulbis
Journal: Blood (2014)
Leukocyte Migration Inhibition of Tumor Antigen and Purified Protein Derivative Reactivity in Guinea Pigs Sensitized to Line 10 Hepatocarcinoma and BCG 2
Authors: J. L. McCoy, J. Brandhorst, M. G. Hanna
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1978)

Agarose microdroplet leukocyte migration inhibition (LMI) assays were performed to measure reactivity against line 10 hepatocarcinoma antigens and purified protein derivative (PPD) with the use of peripheral blood leukocytes from line 10 and/or BCG-sensitized syngeneic guinea pigs. The assay was quite sensitive and detected leukocyte migration inhibition with concentrations as low as 12.6 ng protein/ml of the crude sonicate of the line 10 tumor and 0.1 pg PPD. Specificity was shown by lack of reactivity in leukocytes of line 10 and/or BCG-sensitized animals with antigen preparations of L2C leukemia cells or normal syngeneic liver. Furthermore, leukocytes from normal control guinea pigs failed to react with any antigen. The results also suggested antigen cross-reactivity between line 10 tumor and BCG. Leukocytes from guinea pigs sensitized to only BCG became LMI reactive to the line 10 sonicate as well as PPD. No reactivity was observed with leukocytes of the animals in simultaneous tests with a sonicate of guinea pig L2C leukemia cells. The results demonstrated the usefulness of this microassay in detection of LMI reactivity with low antigen concentrations and small volumes of whole blood.
Initial Characteristics, Treatment and Prognosis Of Elderly (≥ 70 years) Patients With Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL): An Analysis Of a Series Of 367 Cases
Authors: Tycho Baumann, Julio Delgado, Rodrigo Santacruz, Alejandra Martínez-Trillos, Cristina Royo, Alba Navarro, Magdalena Pinyol, María Rozman, Cristina López, Neus Villamor, Marta Aymerich, Arturo Pereira, Anna Carrió, Emili Montserrat
Journal: Blood (2013)
Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Postthrombotic Syndrome
Authors: Atul Jain, Adam S. Cifu
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Brief Report: Six‐Week Treatment of Axial Spondyloarthritis Patients With an Optimal Dose of Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs: Early Response to Treatment in Signal Intensity on Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Sacroiliac Joints
Authors: G. Varkas, L. Jans, H. Cypers, L. Van Praet, P. Carron, D. Elewaut, F. Van den Bosch
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2015)

To evaluate the early effect of full-dose nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on the extent and intensity of bone marrow edema of the sacroiliac (SI) joints on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in axial spondyloarthritis (SpA).A single-center, 6-week study of a cohort of consecutive patients with clinically suspected axial SpA was conducted. A total of 117 patients were screened. Forty patients who were diagnosed as having axial SpA and had presented with a positive MRI of the SI joints as defined by the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) criteria were considered for a followup MRI after 6 weeks of an optimal dose of NSAIDs. Twenty patients completed the study. Disease activity was monitored by determining the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) score every 2 weeks and the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index score at baseline and week 6. NSAID intake was assessed by the ASAS NSAID index. Primary end points were improvement in bone marrow edema of the SI joints on MRI and BASDAI response at week 6.Approximately one-third of eligible patients newly diagnosed as having axial SpA were unable to continue the full-dose NSAID schedule. The median NSAID index was 97% in patients who completed the study. There was a reduction of 1.1 units (10.5%) in mean Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada (SPARCC) scores at week 6 in comparison to baseline (P = 0.032). Overall, only 30% of the patients (6 of 20) had a minimal clinically important difference of ≥2.5 in SPARCC score. However, 80% of the patients displayed high-intensity lesions on STIR images at baseline, which decreased significantly at week 6 (P = 0.011). There was a significant decrease in the relative intensity of the region of interest (P = 0.007) and a mean decrease of 0.6 in the BASDAI score per 2 weeks of therapy (P = 0.001). Only 29.4% of the patients met the BASDAI criteria for 50% improvement (BASDAI50) at week 6.Our findings indicate a high level of dropout among patients receiving full-dose NSAID therapy in daily practice. In those who tolerated NSAID therapy, there was no clinically relevant decrease in SPARCC scores and low BASDAI50 response. However, we found a decrease in signal intensity of bone marrow edema of the SI joints as an early response to 6 weeks of optimal NSAID therapy in patients newly presenting with axial SpA.
Abstract 18186: The Role of Vascular Smooth Muscle Kv 1.5 Channels in Coronary Metabolic Dilation
Authors: Vahagn A Ohanyan, Jordan Luli, Liya Yin, Suzanna Logan, Molly Enrick, Kelly Stevanov, Christopher L Kolz, John Kmetz, Ian Bratz, William M Chilian
Journal: Circulation (2013)

The coupling of flow to metabolism in the heart is termed coronary metabolic dilation and enables the proper supply of oxygen and nutrients to sustain cardiac function. Previously we found that mice null for Kv1.5 channels (Kv1.5 -/- ) have blunted metabolic dilation, and during high metabolic demand flow is insufficient to meet the needs of the myocardium leading to ischemia. However these mice were null for the channel in all organs, and the expression of Kv1.5 channels in cardiac myocytes, in addition to smooth muscle, is well established. For metabolic dilation, we hypothesized a scheme in which expression of Kv1.5 channels in smooth muscle is key for the process; therefore we determined if expression of the channels only in smooth muscle in the Kv1.5 -/- background would rescue the phenotype of impaired metabolic dilation. We created a line of transgenic mice with doxycycline inducible Kv1.5 channel expression in smooth muscle (SM22 promoter). Expression was induced by 7 days of doxycycline treatment and increased approximately 8-fold over that in wild type mice (WT). Myocardial blood flow was measured using contrast echocardiography. Myocardial blood flow and hemodynamic measurements were done at baseline and during norepinephrine (NE) injection (0.5-5 μg/kg/min) to increase metabolic demand as defined by the pressure rate product (PRP: mean arterial pressure x heart rate). As shown in the figure, blood flow during increased metabolism (PRP) was significantly decreased in Kv1.5 -/- mice compared to WT. In the transgenic mice with Kv1.5 overexpression, the coupling of flow to metabolism was increased during NE compared to WT and Kv1.5 -/- . Based on these data, we conclude that expression of Kv1.5 channels in vascular smooth muscle rescues the phenotype of impaired metabolic dilation in the coronary circulation of Kv1.5 -/- . These results suggest that Kv1.5 channels in vascular smooth muscle are critical for the coupling of flow to metabolism in the heart.
Inhibition of DNA Synthesis and Neoplastic Cell Growth by Vitamin A (Retinol)
Authors: A Lupulescu
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1986)

The inhibitory effect of vitamin A alcohol (retinol) on the DNA synthesis and neoplastic cell growth of chemically induced carcinomas (squamous cell carcinomas in Swiss male albino mice and basal cell carcinomas in inbred SD rats) by 3-methylcholanthrene [(MCA) CAS: 56-49-5] was studied. A marked inhibition of squamous cell carcinomas and basal cell carcinomas was observed following a combined administration of MCA and vitamin A (retinol) compared to the finding for animals treated with MCA alone (P less than .001). DNA radioactivity and autoradiographic studies with the use of [3H]thymidine showed a marked inhibition of DNA synthesis (twofold to threefold) in the neoplastic cell nuclei following a concomitant administration of vitamin A (retinol) and MCA (12%) as compared to the DNA synthesis following administration of MCA alone (31%) (P less than .001). Electron microscopic and cytologic observations revealed an advanced cytolysis and disorganization of neoplastic cells with reduction of polysomes, tonofilaments, and lysosome populations and mitochondrial alterations following vitamin A and MCA administration as compared to characteristic squamous neoplastic cells and basal neoplastic cells following MCA treatment alone. In addition, scanning electron microscopy revealed advanced changes of cell surfaces with reduction of microvilli and disorganization of cytoarchitecture. The present findings demonstrate that vitamin A exerts its anticarcinogenic effect by inhibiting DNA synthesis, disrupting cell surfaces, and possibly interfering with MCA metabolism in epidermal cells.
How Can Acute Mountain Sickness be Quantified at Moderate Altitude?
Authors: G Roeggla, M Roeggla, A Podolsky, A Wagner, A N Laggner
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1996)

Reports of acute mountain sickness (AMS) at moderate altitude show a wide variability, possibly because of different investigation methods. The aim of our study was to investigate the impact of investigation methods on AMS incidence. Hackett's established AMS score (a structured interview and physical examination), the new Lake Louise AMS score (a self-reported questionnaire) and oxygen saturation were determined in 99 alpinists after ascent to 2.94 km altitude. AMS incidence was 8% in Hackett's AMS score and 25% in the Lake Louise AMS score. Oxygen saturation correlated inversely with Hackett's AMS score with no significant correlation with the Lake Louise AMS score. At moderate altitude, the new Lake Louise AMS score overestimates AMS incidence considerably. Hackett's AMS score remains the gold standard for evaluating AMS incidence.
Annals On Being a Doctor Story Slam - Amazing Grace
Authors: Travis P. Baggett
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2016)

Web Exclusives19 January 2016Annals On Being a Doctor Story Slam - Amazing GraceFREETravis P. Baggett, MD, MPHTravis P. Baggett, MD, MPHFrom Massachusetts General Hospital and Boston Health Care for the Homeless Program, Boston, Massachusetts.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/V15-0014 SectionsAboutVisual Abstract ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Video. Annals On Being a Doctor Story Slam - Amazing Grace This story, "Amazing Grace," by Dr. Travis P. Baggett, is from the Annals On Being a Doctor Story Slam held on 18 November 2015 in Philadelphia, with support from the Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation. (Duration 5:19)Building on the popular Annals feature “On Being a Doctor,” storytellers share stories about the experience of doctoring on video.For more videos from and information on Annals On Being a Doctor Story Slam, visit go.annals.org/StorySlam. Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Massachusetts General Hospital and Boston Health Care for the Homeless Program, Boston, Massachusetts.Note: This story is from the Annals On Being a Doctor Story Slam held on 18 November 2015 in Philadelphia, with support from the Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation.Corresponding Author: Travis P. Baggett, MD, Massachusetts General Hospital and Boston Health Care for the Homeless Program, 50 Staniford Street, 9th Floor, Boston, MA 02114; e-mail, [email protected]harvard.edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 19 January 2016Volume 164, Issue 2Page: SS3KeywordsHealth care ePublished: 19 January 2016 Issue Published: 19 January 2016 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2016 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
Up to half of people shot dead by US police may have untreated mental illness, report estimates
Authors: Michael McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Between a quarter and a half of people shot dead by the police in the United States had an untreated mental illness, a new report has estimated. “Given the prevalence of mental illness in police shootings, reducing encounters between on-duty law enforcement and individuals with the most severe psychiatric diseases may represent the single most immediate, practical strategy for reducing fatal police shootings in the United States,” the report concluded.1

The use of deadly force by police has become a major topic of debate in the US after a spate of shootings, caught on cell phone videos by bystanders and posted on the internet, have shown police firing on people, some of whom were unarmed or appeared to pose no immediate threat to officers.

The …
Tobacco and Health
Authors: E. L. Wynder, D. Hoffmann
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

There are about 54 million smokers in the United States although overwhelming evidence shows that smoking is causatively related to lung cancer myocardial infarction and other diseases.  Public awareness campaigns have reduced the number of smokers among adults 33% for men 15% women but adolescent smoking rates continue to rise.  Effective educational programs must address the underlying causes of smoking and teach students to cope with the social and psychologic pressures that induce the habit.  For adults the traditional approaches to quitting are hypnosis group and individual counseling and learning theory strategy.  The long-term effects of these programs are not encouraging.  Reinforcement over a period of time is needed.  Less harmful cigarettes utilize tobacco flavoring agents the effects of which have yet to be tested.  Research has not proven the risk effects of low tar cigarettes but higher educated consumers especially men have chosen to use them.  Most patients who now have tobacco related diseases began by smoking nonfilter cigarettes.  A long-term smoking program administered by a professional would cost about $80 per year.
Racial Variations in Leukemia Incidence Among the Elderly
Authors: P McPhedran, C W Heath, J S Garcia
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1970)

Negroes over age 70 showed a striking reduction in overall leukemia incidence when compared with whites of the same age group. Incidence data for metropolitan Atlanta indicated that this reduction involved all types of leukemia and was not restricted to any single variety. This deficit of leukemia cases among elderly Negroes seems more likely to reflect socioeconomic factors, including reduced access to medical care, than any purely racial factor.
CD34+CD38-CD58- Candidate Leukemia-Initiating Cells Are Clinically Relevant With The Unfavorable Prognosis In Philadelphia Chromosome-Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Yuan kong, Ying-Jun Chang, Yan-rong Liu, Ya-zhe Wang, Qian Jiang, Hao Jiang, Ya-Zhen Qin, Jing Wang, Hong-Hu Zhu, Yue-Yun Lai, Lanping Xu, Dai-Hong Liu, Xiao-Jun Huang
Journal: Blood (2013)
Chromosome Studies in Adult Acute Leukemia
Authors: P. H. Fitzgerald, Angela Adams, F. W. Gunz, B.E.C.C.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1964)

Chromosome studies of 18 adults with acute leukemia are reported. Blood cultures showed few abnormalities, but abnormal genotypes were found in each of the 11 patients in whom direct examinations of the bone marrow were made. The chromosome abnormalities were unique in each patient and consisted of both numerical and structural changes; they could not be correlated with any clinical or hematologic features. When the marrow was examined repeatedly in individual patients, the abnormalities persisted regardless of the stage of the disease, though some diminution in their number occurred during remissions. The findings suggest that the chromosome abnormalities are intimately associated with, and perhaps an essential part of, the development of acute leukemia.
Diagnostic Dilemmas in Oncology
Authors: Hiroaki Nakamura, Masato Toyama, Kaori Uezu, Atsushi Nakamoto, Takayoshi Toda, Atsushi Saito
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2001)

Article Tools DIAGNOSIS IN ONCOLOGY Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2001.19.23.4340 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 11731517 Diagnostic Dilemmas in Oncology Case 1. Lung Cancer With Miliary Brain Metastases Undetected by Imaging Studies Hiroaki NakamuraxHiroaki NakamuraSearch for articles by this author , Masato ToyamaxMasato ToyamaSearch for articles by this author , Kaori UezuxKaori UezuSearch for articles by this author , Atsushi NakamotoxAtsushi NakamotoSearch for articles by this author , Takayoshi TodaxTakayoshi TodaSearch for articles by this author , Atsushi SaitoxAtsushi SaitoSearch for articles by this author Show More First Department of Internal Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2001.19.23.4340 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2001 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Diabetes Care and Impact of Vendor-Based Disease Management Programs
Authors: Ying-Ying Meng, Allison Diamant, Jenna Jones, Wenjiao Lin, Xiao Chen, Shang-Hua Wu, Nadereh Pourat, Dylan Roby, Gerald F. Kominski
Journal: Diabetes Care (2016)

We examined the existence of disparities in receipt of appropriate diabetes care among California's fee-for-service Medicaid beneficiaries and the effectiveness of a telephonic-based disease management program delivered by a disease management vendor on the reduction of racial/ethnic disparities in diabetes care.We conducted an intervention-control cohort study to test the effectiveness of a 3-year-long disease management program delivered to Medicaid fee-for-service beneficiaries aged 22 to 75 with a diagnosis of diabetes in Los Angeles and Alameda counties. The outcome measures were the receipt of at least one hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) test, LDL cholesterol test, and retinal examination each year. We used generalized estimating equations models with logit link to analyze the claims data for a cohort of beneficiaries in two intervention counties (n = 2,933) and eight control counties (n = 2,988) from September 2005 through August 2010.Racial/ethnic disparities existed in the receipt of all three types of testing in the intervention counties before the program. African Americans (0.66; 95% CI 0.62-0.70) and Latinos (0.77; 95% CI 0.74-0.80) had lower rates of receipt for HbA1c testing than whites (0.83; 95% CI 0.81-0.85) in the intervention counties. After the intervention, the disparity among African Americans and Latinos compared with whites persisted in the intervention counties. For Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders, the disparity in testing rates decreased. We did not find similar disparities in the control counties.This disease management program was not effective in reducing racial/ethnic disparities in diabetes care in the most racially/ethnically diverse counties in California.