tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Atrial metabolism and tissue perfusion as determinants of electrical and structural remodelling in atrial fibrillation
Authors: Dragan Opacic, Kelly A. van Bragt, Hussein M. Nasrallah, Ulrich Schotten, Sander Verheule
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2016)

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common tachyarrhythmia in clinical practice. Over decades of research, a vast amount of knowledge has been gathered about the causes and consequences of AF related to cellular electrophysiology and features of the tissue structure that influence the propagation of fibrillation waves. Far less is known about the role of myocyte metabolism and tissue perfusion in the pathogenesis of AF. However, the rapid rates of electrical activity and contraction during AF must present an enormous challenge to the energy balance of atrial myocytes. This challenge can be met by scaling back energy demand and by increasing energy supply, and there are several indications that both phenomena occur as a result of AF. Still, there is ample evidence that these adaptations fall short of redressing this imbalance, which may represent a driving force for atrial electrical as well as structural remodelling. In addition, several 'metabolic diseases' such as diabetes, obesity, and abnormal thyroid function precipitate some well-known 'culprits' of the AF substrate such as myocyte hypertrophy and fibrosis, while some other AF risk factors, such as heart failure, affect atrial metabolism. This review provides an overview of metabolic and vascular alterations in AF and their involvement in its pathogenesis.
Phase I and pharmacokinetic study of irinotecan (CPT-11) administered daily for three consecutive days every three weeks in patients with advanced solid tumors
Authors: G. Catimel, G.G. Chabot, J.P. Guastalla, A. Dumortier, C. Cote, C. Engel, A. Gouyette, A. Mathieu-Boué, M. Mahjoubi, M. Clavel
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1995)
A high serum level of YKL-40 in patients with cervical cancer is associated with short survival
Authors: A. Roslind, C. Palle, J. S. Johansen, I. J. Christensen, H. J. Nielsen, P. A. Price, D. L. Nielsen, B. J. Mosgaard
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

21004 Background: YKL-40 is secreted by tumor cells, macrophages and neutrophils. The exact function of YKL-40 in cancer is unknown. It may be a growth, differentiation or survival factor and play a role in angiogenesis. High serum levels of YKL-40 are associated with a poor prognosis in a variety of solid and hematological malignancies. The aim of this study was to examine if serum YKL-40 is a prognostic biomarker in patients with cervical cancer. Methods: YKL-40 was determined by ELISA (Quidel, Santa Clara, CA) in pretreatment serum samples from 116 patients with cervical cancer (FIGO stage Ia (N=5), Ib (N=55), II (N=27), III (N=25) and IV (N=4); median age 50, range 27–87 years). The median follow-up time was 3.2 years (range 2.1–4.4 years). 18 patients had a recurrence and 28 patients died. Results: Serum YKL-40 was increased (p&lt;0.001) in the patients with cervical cancer (median 76 μg/l, range 20–2310) compared to healthy women (43 μg/l, range 20–172). Serum YKL-40 was higher than the age-corrected 95 th percentile of serum YKL-40 in healthy women in 35% of the patients. Patients with high serum YKL-40 had significantly shorter survival than patients with normal serum YKL- 40 (HR=3.1, 95% CI: 1.5–6.5, p=0.002, logrank test). Univariate Cox analysis of serum YKL-40 (log transformed and treated as a continuous covariate) showed significant association with overall survival (HR=2.3, 95% CI: 1.7–3.2, p&lt;0.0001). Multivariate Cox analysis including stage, menopausal status and serum YKL-40 (log transformed and treated as a continuous covariate) showed that stage (stage II+III vs. I: HR=6.4, 95% CI: 1.8–22.5, p=0.004) and serum YKL-40 (HR=1.6, 95% CI: 1.1–2.4, p=0.02) were independent prognostic variables of overall survival. Univariate Cox analysis of serum YKL-40 (log transformed and treated as a continuous covariate) demonstrated a significant association with risk of recurrence (HR=1.7, 95% CI: 1.1–2.7, p=0.02). Conclusion: Serum YKL-40 is a prognostic biomarker of recurrence-free and overall survival in patients with cervical cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Chemotherapeutic results and prognostic factors of patients with advanced non-Hodgkin's lymphoma treated with VEPA or VEPA-M.
Authors: M Shimoyama, K Ota, M Kikuchi, K Yunoki, S Konda, K Takatsuki, M Ichimaru, M Ogawa, I Kimura, S Tominaga
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1988)

One hundred sixty-three patients with advanced non-Hodgkin's lymphoma including adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) were treated from 1981 to 1983 with VEPA (vincristine, cyclophosphamide, prednisolone, and doxorubicin) or VEPA-M (VEPA plus methotrexate) in randomized fashion after stratification by surface marker. The complete response (CR) rate and the 4-year survival rate of patients treated with VEPA-M was 62.2% and 36.9%, respectively, while for those treated with VEPA the rates were 51.9% and 26.6, respectively. The difference was not statistically significant, but pretreatment characteristics predictive for response and survival were interesting. Three factors, leukemic change, poor performance status (PS), and T cell marker, were negatively associated with both CR and survival rates, and high-grade pathology was adversely associated with survival rate in a multivariate analysis. These prognostic factors are somewhat different from those in Western lymphomas. This may be reflection of major differences in patients' characteristics between Japanese and Western lymphomas: in this study, there was a high incidence of T cell lymphoma/leukemia (50%) including ATL (33%), leukemic manifestation (34%), poor PS (34%), and a low incidence of follicular lymphoma (9%). The statistically significant three factors for both CR and survival rates were used to construct a model containing eight categories of patients at increasing risk for poor response and shortened survival. These categories were divided into four groups, with respective CR and 4-year survival rates of 91% and 73%, 67% and 35%, 27% and 7%, and 10% and 5%. Ninety-three patients in whom CR was induced by VEPA or VEPA-M therapy were evaluated for prognostic factors predictive for disease-free survival. A shorter period (less than 28 days) required to achieve CR, a clinical diagnosis of ATL, and a lower hemoglobin level were found to affect disease-free survival adversely. These results have important implications for both the design of prospective randomized therapeutic trials and the determination of optimal therapy for individual patients.
The role of MRI in therapy management in triple-negative (TN) breast cancer
Authors: B. Lex, V. Russu, M. Popovich, T. Gilster, K. Pfaffenberger, H. Volkholz, A. Tulusan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

11079 Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (estrogen receptor-negative, progesterone receptor-negative, and HER2-negative) is a high-risk breast cancer that lacks the benefit of specific therapy which targets these proteins. TN is associated with decreased survival. Data for defining the optimal systemic therapy in patients with TN are still missing. Reported clinical and pathological response rates in TN due to different chemotherapy schedules are rare and data are inconsistent. Our study group showed that MRI is an effective method to monitor the tumour-response in PST (Russu V et al. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 2004, abstract 9704). The aim of this study was to clarify the accuracy of MRI in monitoring the tumor-response to PST in TN. Methods: 43 female patients (range of age: 29a-67a) with TN (cT2 â€“ cT4) were examined with dynamic contrast enhanced MRI after PST. 34 patients were examined with MRI before and after PST. 12 patients were treated with sequential anthracyclin and taxan based chemotherapy and 31 with only anthracyclin based chemotherapy. 22 patients were premenopausal. 34 patients had ductal-invasive carcinomas, 9 lobular-invasive The measure of tumour-response to PST was graded in partial response (PR: &gt; 50% of tumour reduction mm 2 ), no change (NC: &lt; 50%) and complete response (CR: no evidence of residual tumour-cells). Results: Comparing tumour-size measured by MRI before and after PST 22 patients had PR and 7 CR. NC had 5. The histological tumour-size after PST strongly correlated with the size measured by MRI r = 0,931(pâ€ 0,001). Conclusions: MRI seems to be a useful method in monitoring the tumour-response to PST in TN. Further studies could find out if MRI is a suitable tool to detect chemotherapy-resistance very early in TN. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Childhood antecedents of antisocial behavior: parental alcoholism and physical abusiveness
Authors: V E Pollock, J Briere, L Schneider, J Knop, S A Mednick, D W Goodwin
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1990)

Hierarchical logistic regression was used to assess the independent and interactive effects of paternal alcoholism and physical child abuse on antisocial behavior in young adult men. Men with alcoholic fathers (N = 131) did not report or exhibit more antisocial behavior than comparison subjects (N = 70). Men with physical abuse histories, however, reported more aggressive and antisocial behaviors during a clinical interview and were rated by a clinical interviewer as more likely to act out aggression. Arrest records did not distinguish the groups. There was no evidence that paternal alcoholism and childhood victimization interacted to increase the risk of antisocial behavior.
Minute Virus of Mice. I. Procedures for Quantitation and Detection&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: John C. Parker, Sue S. Cross, Michael J. Collins, Jr., Wallace P. Rowe
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1970)

Because minute virus is highly prevalent in mice and transplantable mouse tumors, we compared the sensitivity of several techniques for virus detection. If inoculated into rapidly growing cultures of rat or mouse embryo, minute virus of mice induced a characteristic cytopathic effect and these cultures produced an immunofluorescent stainable antigen, a hemagglutinin, and a complement-fixation antigen. The cytopathic effect in rat-embryo tissue culture provided the most sensitive virus assay; however, there is evidence that the mouse antibody production test is more sensitive for detection of field strains of virus. For routine serodiagnostic studies, the hemagglutination-inhibition test seems best suited because it is fast, economical, and sensitive; but, for confirmatory tests, the indirect-fluorescent antibody test is recommended.
The German COPD cohort COSYCONET: Aims, methods and results of recruitment
Authors: Rudolf A. Jörres, Tobias Welte, Robert Bals, Hans-Ulrich Kauczor, Joachim Heinrich, Sven Gläser, Rolf Holle, Annika Müller-Heine, Frank Biertz, Armin Koch, Claus Vogelmeier, Cosyconet Study-Group
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background   The German COPD cohort study COSYCONET elucidates the relationship between lung disease, comorbidities and systemic inflammation. Recruitment started in 10/2010 and was completed in 12/2013 in 30 study centres; there are 4 follow-up visits covering 4.5 y. The study also comprises a biobank, image bank and data for health-economic analyses. Follow-up results will be compared with those of two population-based cohorts (KORA, SHIP). Here we present first data on the baseline characteristics of the COPD cohort.   Methods   Inclusion criteria were broad to cover the range of comorbidities. In each visit, patients are described by a battery of assessments including clinical history, lung function, blood samples, 6-minute walk distance, ECG, echocardiography and questionnaires covering quality of life, depression/anxiety, cognitive impairment, physical activity and risk for osteoporosis. Chest CTs are collected if available. Data are entered into eCRFs and subjected to several stages of quality control.   Results   Overall, 2745 subjects with a clinical diagnosis of COPD have been included (59% male; mean age 65 y (range 40-90, standard deviation 8.5). Of these, 10/36/28/7 % showed GOLD stages I-IV, respectively; 19 % were uncategorized, including former GOLD 0. Data completeness was approx. 97% for the items of the baseline visit; only echocardiography showed some heterogeneity.   Conclusion   The German COPD cohort comprises patients with advanced disease but also a high percentage of less severe COPD which seems to be well suited for studying the time course of lung disease and comorbidities in relation to each other.  Supported by Competence Network Asthma/COPD, funded by FM of Education and Research, FKZ 01GI0881.
MRX2843, a Novel Dual MerTK-FLT3 Inhibitor with Activity Against Resistance-Conferring FLT3 Mutations in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Katherine A Minson, Catherine C Smith, Alisa B. Lee-Sherick, Deborah DeRyckere, Elisabeth Lasater, Amanda A. Hill, Xiaodong Wang, Stephen V. Frye, H. Shelton Earp, Neil P. Shah, Douglas K. Graham
Journal: Blood (2014)
International Randomized Study of Interferon Vs STI571 (IRIS) 8-Year Follow up: Sustained Survival and Low Risk for Progression or Events in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in Chronic Phase (CML-CP) Treated with Imatinib.
Authors: Michael Deininger, Stephen G O'Brien, François Guilhot, John M Goldman, Andreas Hochhaus, Timothy P. Hughes, Jerald P. Radich, Alan K. Hatfield, Manisha Mone, Jeiry Filian, John Reynolds, Insa Gathmann, Richard A. Larson, Brian J. Druker
Journal: Blood (2009)
Men at higher risk of groin injuries in elite team sports: a systematic review
Authors: John William Orchard
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2015)

Groin injuries are common in sports, particularly multidirectional team sports, but incidence rates across sports other than football (soccer) have been poorly documented.A systematic review (initially using PubMed and SportDiscus databases) was performed to record incidence of groin and groin region injuries in sports. Inclusion criteria included presentation of groin injury incidence data for at least 10 team/squad seasons.Data from 31 studies were included. These used varying injury definitions and also considered varying injury categories from general to specific (all groin/hip region injuries, groin injuries, adductor muscle strains, intra-articular hip injuries). When playing the same sport, men had greater injury incidence of groin injury than women (relative risk, RR 2.45, 95% CI 2.06 to 2.92). Sports with high incidences of groin injury included ice hockey and the football codes. There is variation by player position for rate of groin injury in many sports. Hip injuries have become more commonly diagnosed over the past decade in Australian football (p=0.001) and other sports.There is moderate evidence that men have a higher risk of groin injury than women when playing the same sport. There is some evidence that hip injuries are being increasingly diagnosed in the subset of 'groin injuries' in recent years. It is recommended that injury epidemiology consensus statements aim to include a number of relevant sports to improve injury incidence comparisons among different sports.
Association of Patient Age at Gastric Bypass Surgery With Long-term All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality
Authors: Lance E. Davidson, Ted D. Adams, Jaewhan Kim, Jessica L. Jones, Mia Hashibe, David Taylor, Tapan Mehta, Rodrick McKinlay, Steven C. Simper, Sherman C. Smith, Steven C. Hunt
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2016)

Bariatric surgery is effective in reducing all-cause and cause-specific long-term mortality. Whether the long-term mortality benefit of surgery applies to all ages at which surgery is performed is not known.To examine whether gastric bypass surgery is equally effective in reducing mortality in groups undergoing surgery at different ages.All-cause and cause-specific mortality rates and hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated from a retrospective cohort within 4 categories defined by age at surgery: younger than 35 years, 35 through 44 years, 45 through 54 years, and 55 through 74 years. Mean follow-up was 7.2 years. Patients undergoing gastric bypass surgery seen at a private surgical practice from January 1, 1984, through December 31, 2002, were studied. Data analysis was performed from June 12, 2013, to September 6, 2015. A cohort of 7925 patients undergoing gastric bypass surgery and 7925 group-matched, severely obese individuals who did not undergo surgery were identified through driver license records. Matching criteria included year of surgery to year of driver license application, sex, 5-year age groups, and 3 body mass index categories.Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery.All-cause and cause-specific mortality compared between those undergoing and not undergoing gastric bypass surgery using HRs.Among the 7925 patients who underwent gastric bypass surgery, the mean (SD) age at surgery was 39.5 (10.5) years, and the mean (SD) presurgical body mass index was 45.3 (7.4). Compared with 7925 matched individuals not undergoing surgery, adjusted all-cause mortality after gastric bypass surgery was significantly lower for patients 35 through 44 years old (HR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.38-0.77), 45 through 54 years old (HR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.30-0.62), and 55 through 74 years old (HR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.31-0.79; P < .003 for all) but was not lower for those younger than 35 years (HR, 1.22; 95% CI, 0.82-1.81; P = .34). The lack of mortality benefit in those undergoing gastric bypass surgery at ages younger than 35 years primarily derived from a significantly higher number of externally caused deaths (HR, 2.53; 95% CI, 1.27-5.07; P = .009), particularly among women (HR, 3.08; 95% CI, 1.4-6.7; P = .005). Patients undergoing gastric bypass surgery had a significantly lower age-related increase in mortality than severely obese individuals not undergoing surgery (P = .001).Gastric bypass surgery was associated with improved long-term survival for all patients undergoing surgery at ages older than 35 years, with externally caused deaths only elevated in younger women. Gastric bypass surgery is protective against mortality even for older patients and also reduces the age-related increase in mortality observed in severely obese individuals not undergoing surgery.
Summary of the Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium Autoantibody Workshop
Authors: Stephen S. Rich, Patrick Concannon
Journal: Diabetes Care (2015)

The Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium (T1DGC) sponsored an Autoantibody Workshop, providing data from a large number of type 1 diabetes–affected sibling pair families with multiple autoantibodies assayed (both islet and nonislet targets) and extensive genetic and clinical information. Multiple groups analyzed the autoantibody data and various forms of genetic data. The groups presented their results at the T1DGC Autoantibody Workshop and compared results across genes and autoantibodies. The reports of the analyses of the autoantibody data with genetic information are contained as individual articles in this supplement. There were several consistent findings that emerged from the T1DGC Autoantibody Workshop. The human MHC (HLA genes) is the major contributor to variation in the presence of islet and nonislet autoantibodies in subjects with established type 1 diabetes. The contribution of non-MHC genes/variants to autoantibody prevalence is dependent on the set of single nucleotide polymorphisms tested, the autoantibody evaluated, and the inclusion criteria for sample selection. On the basis of these results, the HLA alleles DRB1*0101 and DRB1*0404 and the PTPN22 R620W variant are consistently associated with autoimmunity in the T1DGC Autoantibody Workshop data.
Selection on Mitochondrial Variants Occurs between and within Individuals in an Expanding Invasion
Authors: Lee A. Rollins, Andrew P. Woolnough, Benjamin G. Fanson, Michelle L. Cummins, Tamsyn M. Crowley, Alan N. Wilton, Ron Sinclair, Ashleigh Butler, William B. Sherwin
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2016)

Mitochondria are critical for life, yet their underlying evolutionary biology is poorly understood. In particular, little is known about interaction between two levels of evolution: between individuals and within individuals (competition between cells, mitochondria or mitochondrial DNA molecules). Rapid evolution is suspected to occur frequently in mitochondrial DNA, whose maternal inheritance predisposes advantageous mutations to sweep rapidly though populations. Rapid evolution is also predicted in response to changed selection regimes after species invasion or removal of pathogens or competitors. Here, using empirical and simulated data from a model invasive bird species, we provide the first demonstration of rapid selection on the mitochondrial genome within individuals in the wild. Further, we show differences in mitochondrial DNA copy number associated with competing genetic variants, which may provide a mechanism for selection. We provide evidence for three rarely documented phenomena: selection associated with mitochondrial DNA abundance, selection on the mitochondrial control region, and contemporary selection during invasion.
Treatment disparities in women ≥70 years old with breast cancer
Authors: C. W. Bailey, S. Asman, C. Schammel, N. Schisler, K. Arnold, L. Thompson, D. Schammel, D. Blackhurst, B. P. McKinley, S. D. Trocha
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

9545 Background: Elderly women (≥ 70 years of age) comprise approximately 28% of breast cancer cases diagnosed or treated in teaching hospitals in the United States. Given the expected growth in this population, and recent concern regarding healthcare disparities within cancer care, we conducted a single institution retrospective review of treatment patterns in elderly women with breast cancer. Methods: From 1/1/98 through 12/31/03, 314 women ≥ 70 yo with breast cancer (AJCC stages I-III) were treated at our institution. The Chi-square test for linear trend was used to assess the following factors by age group (70–75, 76–80, >80): tumor size, stage, breast conserving therapy (BCT), radiation (XRT), axillary evaluation (SLNB vs ALND), adjuvant hormonal (HT) and chemotherapy (CT). Five-year overall-survival was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and log rank testing was used to assess differences. Results: Of 314 cases, 55.7% were Stage I, 35.7% Stage II, and 8.6% Stage III. Overall, BCT was performed in 143 patients (46.5%); of these, 65.7% received XRT. 236 pts were hormone receptor positive (HRP) and only 24.6% received HT. SLNB was used only 15.6% vs ALND 60.5%; 23.9% of women did not receive any evaluation. BCT decreased with increasing stage: Stage I 57% and Stage II/III 33%. Tumor size significantly increased with age (p=0.006). Overall, axillary evaluation decreased with increasing age (87%, 82%, 57%; p <0.001), as did CT (18%, 14%, 3%; p=0.001). In Stage I, there were no treatment differences by age group. In Stage II/III, CT (40%, 24%, 2%; p<0.001) and XRT in BCT (75%, 100%, 33%; p=0.016) significantly decreased with increasing age. Five-year survival rates also differed by age group (78.8%, 61.1%, and 48.1%, p <0.001); estimates of median survival were 75 months in the 76–80 age group and 54 months in the >80 age group. Conclusions: We demonstrated among women ≥ 70 yo that tumor size increased with age. BCT, XRT and CT were delivered less frequently with increasing age. The majority of HRP pts did not receive HT, and surgical evaluation of the axilla was most commonly accomplished by ALND rather than SLNB. No significant financial relationships to disclose.