tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P64 The impact of simple interventions on oxygen prescribing and monitoring: Audit of oxygen management in Central London Teaching Hospital
Authors: RAC Dimock, S Stuart, V Padmanaban, S Elkin
Journal: Thorax (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Oxygen is one of the most commonly used drugs, but one of the most poorly prescribed. National BTS audits show many patients receive oxygen without prescription<sup>1</sup>. Local historical data showed over 50% of patients were on oxygen without prescription and not titrated appropriately. Currently there are no targeted interventions to improve practice. We aimed to improve oxygen prescribing and monitoring through simple interventions. <h3>Methods</h3> For 5 weeks all patients on oxygen were audited using the BTS audit template. Prescriptions, written orders, target ranges and saturations were recorded, together with the ward and speciality. Nurses were also surveyed to gauge understanding of oxygen management. Subsequently, the key findings were emailed to clinical staff as a Clinical Governance issue and the results were presented to junior doctors, together with targeted teaching on oxygen prescribing. Oxygen "hangers" raising awareness of oxygen management were trialled on 5 medical wards, which were subsequently re-audited. <h3>Results</h3> 43% of patients on oxygen had a prescription with target range. A further 13% had a written order in the notes. Medical wards out-performed surgical wards (52% vs. 24%). Oxygen prescriptions were signed by nurses on just 5% of drug rounds. 45% of patients' saturations were out of range, with 61% of patients with saturations above the 88 92% target range. However, all surveyed nurses reported feeling confident titrating oxygen. Furthermore, 72% and 20% of nurses thought shortness of breath and anxiety were indications for oxygen respectively. Post-interventions, oxygen prescriptions increased by 35% and there was an increase in nurses signing prescriptions from 7% to 46%. 13% fewer patients' saturations were out of range. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This audit confirms the results of BTS national audit 2012<sup>1</sup> and NPSA rapid response report<sup>2</sup>that oxygen is poorly administered in NHS hospitals, putting patients, particularly those liable to CO<sub>2</sub> retention, at risk. We found that simple interventions raising awareness can have an impact and improve patient safety, although there is clearly room for further improvement, through further training for both clinicians and nurses. <h3>References</h3> 1. BTS National Emergency Oxygen Audit Report, May 2013, B. Ronan, O'Driscoll 2. NPSA Rapid Response Report Oxygen safety in hospitals, 2009
S64 Eosinophil Cationic Protein And Cytokine Analysis In Exhaled Breath Condensate In Paediatric Asthma
Authors: A. Whitehouse, R. Brugha, N. Mushtaq, I. Dundas, J. Grigg
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Sputum eosinophil counts are unstable in childhood asthma.<sup>1</sup> This makes sputum induction to quantify sputum eosinophils an unsuitable test to guide anti-inflammatory therapy.<sup>2</sup> While eosinophils may be cleared following apoptosis, free eosinophil granules, containing effector proteins, may persist in the airway lumen. We speculated that inflammatory mediators in exhaled breath condensate, released by eosinophils (such as eosinophil cationic protein (ECP)) could aid risk-profiling in children with asthma. We therefore sought to assess whether ECP is present in EBC from asthmatic children, alongside an assessment of pro-inflammatory cytokines. <h3>Methods</h3> Children with asthma aged 7–15 and age matched healthy controls underwent spirometry, sputum induction, collection exhaled breath condensate (EBC), and completed the childhood asthma control test. Exhaled breath was tested for eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) using an immunoassay. A cytokine analysis of the exhaled breath condensate was also carried out in addition to a sputum leucocyte differential. Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) was collected in an R-tube following manufacturer protocol,over 10 min. <h3>Results</h3> Sputum leucocyte counts were performed in 33 children with asthma. Suitable samples (visible airway plugs) were obtained from 14 children at baseline who concurrently provided EBC samples. Of these, 7/14 (50%) were eosinophilic and 7/14 (50%) were non-eosinophilic. The cytokine analysis showed that IL-4 did not differ between groups. IL-13 was raised in children who had sputum eosinophilia (2.54 ± 1.18 vs. 0.87 ± 1.49 pg/ml, mean±sd, p = 0.0387, unpaired t-test). Exhaled breath condensate was collected in 26 asthmatic children and 10 controls. ECP was detected in EBC from 5/26 asthmatic children and 0/10 healthy children. In 2 asthmatic children, detectable ECP was associated with sputum eosinophilia (&gt;2.5%). In one child ECP was detectable with no induced sputum eosinophils. (Table 1). <h3>Discussion</h3> ECP may be identified in EBC from children with asthma, and is not exclusively associated with concurrent sputum eosinophilia. Eosinophilia may be identified non-invasively by measuring Th2 cytokines in EBC. These techniques may provide additional insights into underlying airway inflammation and identify children who may benefit from specific anti-Th2 cytokine monoclonal antibody therapies. <h3>References</h3> Fleming L, Tsartsali L, Wilson N, Regamey N, Bush A. Sputum inflammatory phenotypes are not stable in children with asthma.<i> Thorax</i> 2012; 67: 675–681 Fleming L, Wilson N, Regamey N, Bush A. Use of sputum eosinophil counts to guide management in children with severe asthma.<i> Thorax</i> 2012; 67: 193–198
AB0589 Non-Infectious Aortitis: Still an Underdiagnosed Entity. Report of 32 Cases from A Single Center
Authors: J. Loricera, R. Blanco, J.M. Carril, I. Martínez-Rodríguez, J.L. Hernández, A. Canga, E. Peirό, J. Alonso-Gutiérrez, V. Calvo-Río, F. Ortiz-Sanjuán, M. Santos-Gόmez, C. Mata, T. Pina, M.C. González-Vela, N. Martínez-Amador, M.A. González-Gay
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Non infectious aortitis may present as an idiopathic isolated condition or associated with a wide spectrum of diseases. Aortitis often presents with nonspecific symptoms leading in many cases to an inappropriate diagnostic delay. <h3>Objectives</h3> Our aim was to analyze the clinical features and outcome of patients with aortitis in order to improve the diagnosis of this entity. <h3>Methods</h3> We studied 32 patients (22 women and 10 men) with a mean age of 68 years (range, 45-87 years) at the time of diagnosis. The median interval from the clinical onset to the diagnosis was 21 months. F18-FDG PET scan was the usual radiological method for diagnosing aortitis. <h3>Results</h3> The underlying conditions were: giant cell arteritis (n=13 cases); isolated polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) (n=11); Sjögren syndrome (n=2), Takayasu arteritis (TakA) (n=1); sarcoidosis (n=1), ulcerative colitis (n=1), psoriatic arthritis (n=1), and idiopathic aortitis (n=2). The most common clinical manifestations at diagnosis were: PMR features, often atypical in the clinical presentation (n=23 patients, 72%); diffuse lower limb pain (n=16 patients, 50%); constitutional symptoms (n=12 patients, 37%), inflammatory back pain (n=9 patients, 28%) and fever (n=7 patients, 22%). In most of the cases, serum acute phase reactants were increased, with a median erythrocyte sedimentation rate of 46 mm/1st hour and a median serum C-reactive protein of 1.5 mg/dL. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In conclusion, aortitis is not an uncommon disease. The diagnosis is often a challenge for the clinician. The presence of PMR features, in particular when they are atypical, unexplained low back or limb pain, constitutional symptoms along with increased acute phase reactants should be considered "red flags" to suspect the presence of an underlying aortitis. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> This study was supported by a grant from "Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias" PI12/00193 (Spain). This work was also partially supported by RETICS Programs, RD08/0075 (RIER) and RD12/0009/0013 from "Instituto de Salud Carlos III" (ISCIII) (Spain). <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2978
Abstract 5512: Mechanisms of inhibition of cancer cell growth and metastasis by novel small molecule compounds.
Authors: Abdelkader E. Ashour, Vino T. Cheryan, Shazia Jamal, Ahmed M. Alafeefy, Khairy M. Zoheir, Adel R. Abdallah, Arun K. Rishi
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The molecular complexity of cancers and therapy-associated side effects often limit effectiveness of many therapies, and warrant development of new agents for specific molecular targets while minimizing the off-target effects. Thus, our goal is to develop novel, safer and effective anti-cancer therapies on the basis of cell growth and survival inhibiting functions of an apoptosis regulatory protein, termed CARP-1. CARP-1 was identified by us as a novel target of select chemotherapy (adriamycin, etoposide, or Iressa)-dependent human breast cancer cell growth suppression. By conducting the high-throughput screening of chemical libraries, we identified a number of novel, small molecule compounds called CARP-1 Functional Mimetics (CFMs). MTT assay results showed that CFMs, as well as quinazoline analogues of CFMs, inhibited growth of a variety of cancer cells, including the drug-resistant breast cancer cell line MDA-MB 468, without affecting growth of immortalized mammary epithelial cells. Results of MTT assay indicated also that CFM-4 (1(2-chlorobenzyl)-5′-phenyl-3′H-spiro[indoline-3,2′-[1,3,4]thiadiazol]-2-one) was the most potent one. CFMs suppressed cancer cell growth in part by stimulating CARP-1 levels and promoting cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. RT-PCR assay results revealed that CFM-4 induced the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis via upregulation of TRAIL receptors, caspase-8 and caspase-3 which can then cleave multiple cellular proteins, leading to cancer cell death. Cancer-related deaths are often due to spread of cancers to other organ sites (metastasis) that involves invasion and movement of cancer cells through the nearby normal tissue and the lymph and blood vessels to reach other tissues to form secondary tumors. Here we also demonstrate that CFMs impact biological properties of cancer cells by inhibiting their movement and invasion through the membranes coated with the extra-cellular matrix. CFMs also inhibited abilities of cancer cells to grow as colonies in soft-agar. These proof-of-concept studies suggest that CFMs could induce cancer cell apoptosis and effectively inhibit migration and tumor-forming abilities of cancer cells. Thus CFMs or their analogues have potential as anti-cancer agents to target cancer cell proliferation, survival, migration, invasion and metastasis, and provide a strong basis for their development as anti-cancer agents. Citation Format: Abdelkader E. Ashour, Vino T. Cheryan, Shazia Jamal, Ahmed M. Alafeefy, Khairy M. Zoheir, Adel R. Abdallah, Arun K. Rishi. Mechanisms of inhibition of cancer cell growth and metastasis by novel small molecule compounds. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5512. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5512
Abstract 1292: Mutually exclusive expression of SOX2 and SOX9 in lung adenocarcinoma cells and its implications
Authors: Shih-Sheng Jiang, Wen-Tsen Fang, I-Shou Chang, Chih-Ting Huang
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract SOX family genes play critical roles in embryonic development, cell fate determination, differentiation, and proliferation. Some members of the SOX family, including SOX2 and SOX9, have been shown as hall marks of lung cancers. However, their roles in lung cancer formation or progression still need to be explored. Here we show an unique expression pattern of SOX2 and SOX9 in lung cancer cells. Using a series of previously established lung adenocarcinoma cell sub-lines which were sequentially selected for increasing cell invasiveness, we found that SOX9 was abundant in highly tumorigenic and invasive sub-lines whereas absent in less tumorigenic and low invasive ones. Interestingly, SOX2 and SOX9 were mutually exclusively expressed among those sub-lines. Forced expression and gene silencing experiments in those cell lines indicated that, while SOX9 is important for cancer cell proliferation, SOX2 is involved in regulation of cell invasion. The involvoed molecular pathways subject to regulations by SOX9 and SOX2 have been partially elucidated and will be demonstrated. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1292. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1292
Abstract 1986: GBM cell migration and proliferation is inhibited by crude <i>Rosa canina</i> plant extracts
Authors: Ombeni Idassi, Patrice Cagle, Ipek Goktepe, Patrick M. Martin
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) are aggressive and malignant tumors that develop in the brain. These tumors are characterized by increased rates of proliferation and invasive migration as well as angiogenesis. To date few therapeutic options exist for the treatment and management of GBMs, therefore we decided to investigate the anti-oncogenic properties of extracts from the rosehip plant. Rosehip extracts have been used for centuries as alternative therapies. Currently, rosehip extracts are being used as over the counter supplements and recent studies demonstrate that it has an anti-tumor effect. Therefore, we tested the anti-migratory and antiproliferative capacity of extracts from the rosehip (Rosa canina) plant in GBM cell lines. Three human GBM cell lines, U-251 MG, U-1242MG and A-172, were treated with rosehip extracts (1 mg/mL - 25ng/mL) and demonstrated a decrease in cell proliferation. The rosehip extract-mediated decrease in cell proliferation was equal to the decrease of cell proliferation observed when U0126 (10µM), a know inhibitor of GBM cell proliferation was utilized. Utilizing a fluorescent-based labeling strategy (Live-Dead Assay), we examined whether rosehip extracts prevented cell proliferation by initiating apoptosis. Pretreatment of the GBM cells with rosehip extracts (1 mg/mL - 25ng/mL) induced the inhibition of cell proliferation without promoting apoptosis; whereas, cells treated with staurosporine (1 µM), a known inducer of apoptosis, showed an increase in cell apoptosis. Additional studies demonstrated that rosehip extracts prevent GBM cell proliferation by decreasing the active state of MAPK and AKT. Furthermore, rosehip extract-treated GBM cells also prevent cell migration by regulating actin remodeling. Taken together, these data suggest that rosehip extracts inhibit cell proliferation via a cytostatic mechanism that does not by induce apoptosis while also serving as a migration inhibiting agent. These data suggest that, rosehip extracts may serve as an alternative, or supplement, to current therapeutic regimens for GBMs. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1986. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1986
Bilateral Stress Fracture of the Proximal Fibula in a Young Soccer Player on Bone Scanning
Authors: Virginia Peiro, Miguel Angel Herrador, Manuel Leyes, Pedro Guillen
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2003)

PEIRO, VIRGINIA M.D.*; HERRADOR, MIGUEL ANGEL M.D.†; LEYES, MANUEL M.D.†; GUILLEN, PEDRO M.D.† Author Information
Review of<i>Marihuana and Medicine</i>
Authors: Gabriel Nahas, Kenneth Sutin, William M. Bennett
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

To the Editor: At the end of his review of Marihuana and Medicine, Benson (Sept. 9 issue)1 states, “The editors' drug-control bias obscures the promise of drug development.” Dr. Benson is the senio...
Abstract 4987: Immunoscore of CD8/CD45RO in pre-operative biopsy specimens predicts TNM-stage in primary colorectal cancer.
Authors: Viktor H. Koelzer, Alessandro Lugli, Heather Dawson, Markus Borner, Daniel Inderbitzin, Inti Zlobec
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: Colonoscopy and biopsy are the standard procedure for primary diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC), but prognostic biomarkers based on biopsy material are still missing. The tumor microenvironment has been shown to play a major role in the pathogenesis of CRC. Therefore, we hypothesized that an immunoscore of CD8+ T-effector and CD45RO+ memory T-cell infiltrates in pre-operative biopsy specimens could have an impact on the pre-operative management of CRC patients by predicting TNM-stage. Methods: Intraepithelial (i) and stromal (s)CD8+ and CD45RO+ T-cells were visualized in biopsy specimens of 134 well characterized CRC patients by immunohistochemistry and quantified in 5 high-power-fields each of the highest density of immune cell infiltration. Cut-off scores for prediction of pN, pM and pT in the matched resection specimen were established using Classification and Regression Tree (CART) analysis. Infiltration of CD8+ and CD45RO+ T-cells in each compartment was assessed for prediction of TNM stage, lymphovascular invasion and tumor grade. Results: High numbers of infiltrating sCD45RO T-cells in biopsy material were associated with earlier T-stage in the matched resection specimen(p&amp;lt;0.0001) as well as with earlier tumor grade (p=0.0223) and absence of distant metastasis (p=0.0177; specificity=62.5% and positive predictive value (PPV)=93%). High total (t) numbers of infiltrating CD8-T cells in biopsy material were strongly predictive of absence of nodal metastasis (p=0.0182) as well as absence of lymphatic invasion (p=0.0201). Combined analysis of tCD8 and tCD45RO with pN led to 100% specificity and PPV. No association of CD8+ and CD45R0+ T-cell-infiltration with vascular invasion was observed. In contrast, absence of both CD8+ and CD45RO+ T-cells in pre-operative biopsies predicted frequent nodal and distant metastatic spread, advanced T-stage and lymphovascular invasion in the matched resection specimen. Conclusion: Total CD8 counts and sCD45RO in pre-operative biopsy specimens allows prediction of essential clinical characteristics of primary CRC in the matched resection specimen including full TNM-stage and lymphatic invasion. Analysis of total CD8+ and sCD45RO+ in pre-operative biopsies may thereby provide a decisive indicator for risk stratification of CRC patients in the preoperative setting. Citation Format: Viktor H. Koelzer, Alessandro Lugli, Heather Dawson, Markus Borner, Daniel Inderbitzin, Inti Zlobec. Immunoscore of CD8/CD45RO in pre-operative biopsy specimens predicts TNM-stage in primary colorectal cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4987. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4987
Abstract 5201: Erk activation of p21 activated kinase-1 is critical for medulloblastoma migration
Authors: Liangping Yuan, Tobey J. MacDonald
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract We previously identified that overexpression of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) is associated with metastatic medulloblastoma (MB) and showed that PDGF treatment increases ERK activity and promotes MB cell migration. In this study, we investigated whether ERK regulates Rac1/Pak1 signaling and is critically linked to MB cell migration. Herein we demonstrate that PDGF-BB treatment of MB cells induces concomitant activation of PDGFRβ, MEK1/ ERK, Rac1 and Pak1, but suppresses Rho activity, which together significantly promotes cell migration. Conversely, cells transfected with either PDGFRβ or Pak1 siRNA or treated with an inhibitor of Rac1 (NSC23766) or N-myristoyltransferase-1 (Tris-dipalladium) are unable to activate Rac1 or Pak1 in response to PDGF, and consequently, are unable to undergo PDGF-mediated cell migration. Furthermore, we also demonstrate that either chemical inhibition of MEK/ERK (U0126) or stable downregulation of PDGFRβ by shRNA similarly results in the loss of PDGF-induced ERK phosphorylation and abolishes Rac1/Pak1 activation and cell migration in response to PDGF. However, specific depletion of Pak1 by siRNA has no effect on PDGF-induced ERK phosphorylation, indicating that in MB cells ERK signaling is Pak1-independent, but PDGF-induced migration is dependent on ERK-mediated activation of Pak1. Finally, using tissue microarrays, we detect phosphorylated Pak1 in 53% of medulloblastomas and show that immunopositivity is associated with unfavorable outcome. We conclude that Rac1/Pak1 signaling is critical to MB cell migration and is functionally dependent on PDGFRβ/ERK activity. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5201.
IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE UN PROGRAMA DE FORMACIÓN EN CPRE: IMPLICACIÓN CLÍNICA Y REQUERIMIENTOS DE GESTIÓN
Authors: C Huertas Nadal, M Figa Francesch, M Pérez Contreras, O Miquel Cusachs, F Mohamed Embareck, S Virolés Torrent, F González-Huix
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Introducción: La CPRE es una técnica endoscópica que requiere un período de aprendizaje supervisado.
Cytokine release in patients with CLL treated with obinutuzumab and possible relationship with infusion-related reactions
Authors: Ciara L. Freeman, Franck Morschhauser, Laurie Sehn, Mark Dixon, Richard Houghton, Thierry Lamy, Günter Fingerle-Rowson, Elisabeth Wassner-Fritsch, John G. Gribben, Michael Hallek, Gilles Salles, Guillaume Cartron
Journal: Blood (2015)
Bone Metastases from Prostate Cancer
Authors: Garzon Garcia, Eduard Riera, Eulalia Valls, Marina Soler, Pere Bassa, Merce Moragas, Francisco Lomeña
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

Bone scintigraphy has been used extensively in prostate cancer patients to detect bone involvement. (11)C-choline PET/CT is indicated when a biochemical recurrence is suspected, as this procedure is able to detect local recurrence, lymph-node infiltration, and metastases.In cases where the results of these 2 procedures do not coincide, MRI is then usually performed. (18)F-fluoride may become an alternative to MRI for bone imaging.In our patient series, all bone lesions with (11)C-choline uptake were metastases. (18)F-Fluoride did not increase specificity of (11)C-choline but increased sensitivity of bone scintigraphy. CT helped in the interpretation of osteoarthritis and trauma lesions.