tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Proton pump inhibitors are associated with risk of chronic kidney disease, study finds
Authors: Jacqui Wise
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Proton pump inhibitor use is associated with a 20-50% higher risk of incident chronic kidney disease, an observational US study published in JAMA Internal Medicine has found. However, the authors said that further research was needed to determine whether the link is causal.1

Researchers followed up 10 482 participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study for a median of 13.9 years and found that the risk of chronic kidney disease was 50% higher in self reported proton pump inhibitor users than in non-users.

They found 56 incident chronic kidney events among …
NKTT120 Reduces iNKT Cells without Dose Limiting Toxicity in Stable Adult Sickle Cell Patients in a Phase 1 Trial
Authors: Elaine M. Majerus, Kenneth I. Ataga, Elliott Vichinsky, Cheryl A. Eaton, Rosemary Mazanet, David G. Nathan, Joshua J. Field
Journal: Blood (2014)
Alban Avelino John Barros D'Sa
Authors: S. H. B. D. I. J. B. D'Sa
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Alban Avelino John Barros D’Sa was born in Nairobi, Kenya, to a Goan Catholic family. The family later moved to Kisumu, a port on Lake Victoria, where Alban was educated and completed his O level examinations in December 1953.

Alban had an ambition to become a doctor from the age of only 5. However, the economic circumstances of his family were such that he was not able to pursue this passion initially, but, doing what he believed in above all, he placed his family above his own needs. Rather than to pursue his dream, he therefore went to Nairobi Teacher Training College after his O levels and started working as a teacher at the age of 18 years and one month—to keep the family afloat. He started supporting his parents immediately, and he cared for his mother until she died at age 89 in 1998. He supported his brothers and sisters through their education, including two brothers who were studying in Britain; this was made more difficult as his own father was unable to continue working.

After five years of teaching, and only after his brothers and sisters had completed their studies, Alban was finally able to pursue his own, still cherished, dream of studying medicine. His determination and passion to become a doctor were such that he was prepared to negotiate any obstacle. UK medical schools insisted on a second language at O level, which he did not have: so, while he was applying to do A levels, …
Birth Characteristics of Women Dying From Breast Cancer&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Susan J. Standfast, M.D.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1967)

Data From birth certificates of 229 white women dying from breast cancer in upstate New York at ages 40–44 and a matched control group from the same birth cohort demonstrated a differential risk of death from breast cancer associated with mother's age at birth of the study subject. The relative risk of dying from breast cancer increased with increasing maternal age beyond 30 years. This association with maternal age was independent of birth order and was most pronounced for women who had never married. The breast cancer cases also included an excess of women born in urban areas. The effect of residence was independent of maternal age. No association was noted between death from breast cancer and month of birth or plurality.
Nurse-like cells impact on disease progression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: F Boissard, C Laurent, A G Ramsay, A Quillet-Mary, J-J Fournié, M Poupot, L Ysebaert
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2016)

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not.The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Nurse-like cells impact on disease progression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
BIRC6-ALK, a Novel Fusion Gene in ALK Break-Apart FISH-Negative Lung Adenocarcinoma, Responds to Crizotinib
Authors: Ling Shan, Peidi Jiang, Feng Xu, Weilong Zhang, Lei Guo, Jian Wu, Yixin Zeng, Yuchen Jiao, Jianming Ying
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2015)
The psychodynamic formulation: its purpose, structure, and clinical application
Authors: S Perry, A M Cooper, R Michels
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1987)

The authors present a brief written psychodynamic formulation that focuses on central conflicts, anticipates transferences and resistances, and helps guide all psychiatric treatments. After placing the presenting problem in the context of the patient's life and identifying nondynamic determinants of the psychopathology, the formulation explains the development of central conflicts and their repetitive effect on the patient's behavior. It concludes by describing how these conflicts will be manifested in treatment. Three sample formulations and their application are presented to illustrate the value of this clinical tool.
An epidemiologic study of the effect of adjuvant radiotherapy on 2D tumor characteristics and prognosis of contralateral breast cancer (CBC).
Authors: M. E. Sandberg, M. Hartman, S. Eloranta, A. Ploner, P. Hall, K. Czene
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

538 Background: The scatter dose to the opposite breast during adjuvant radiotherapy is approximately 2-3 Gy. Several studies have investigated the potential risk of CBC by adjuvant radiotherapy to the breast, but with inconclusive results, it has not earlier been studied if the prognosis after the CBC could be affected by radiotherapy, should the CBC after all occur. Methods: We used a cohort of all women with CBC during 1976-2005 in Stockholm, Sweden with > 3 months between their cancers (n = 827), for which both register and medical records information were available. Poisson regression was used to calculate the incidence rate ratio (IRR) for distant metastasis within 5 years, adjusted for tumor characteristics of both cancers, calendar period and age at diagnosis of the first. Logistic regression was used to calculate the odds of a patient having worse tumor characteristics at her second cancer compared to at her first, adjusted for calendar period and age at first diagnosis. Finally, Poisson regression was used to estimate the time to the second cancer, adjusted for age, ER-status and stage. Results: We found a strong interaction between radiotherapy and time between the first and second cancer (latency time). For the patients with latency time < 5 years we saw an increased IRR of metastasis of 2.08 (95% CI:1.32-3.23) for women treated with radiotherapy compared to those not treated. Logistic regression also showed a strong interaction with latency time, for CBCs patients with latency < 5 years there was an odds ratio of 2.27 (95% CI:1.18-4.34) for having a worse stage and odds ratio of 2.27 (95% CI:1.20-4.26) for having worse grade, at the second cancer. For all three analysis, we saw no effect of radiotherapy for patients with latency > 5 years. Finally, for patients treated with radiotherapy, time to the second cancer significantly decreased by 24%. Conclusions: We observe a twofold risk for metastasis within 5 years, and for the second cancer to be of worse stage and grade, compared to the first, for CBC patients treated with radiotherapy for their first cancer and had the second cancer occurring within 5 years. The radiotherapy-treated patients also had shortened time to the second cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Long term opioid analgesic use is linked to increased risk of depression, study shows
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2016)

The long term use of prescription opioid analgesics is associated with increased risk of new onset depression, shows an analysis of three large US healthcare databases.1

Researchers retrospectively analysed data on adults who had had opioids prescribed to treat pain for the first time in three separate US healthcare systems. They studied data on 70 997 patients from the Veterans Health Administration from 2000 to 2012, as well as 13 777 patients from Baylor Scott and White Health …
Abstract 5503: Panaxynol, a potential treatment for colitis, selectively targets pro-inflammatory macrophages for DNA damage and apoptosis
Authors: Anusha Chaparala, Deepak Poudyal, Xiangli Cui, Bin Li, Erin E. Witalison, Taixing Cui, Lorne J. Hofseth
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that has been associated with a high risk for colorectal cancer. Since available conventional treatments provide mostly modest relief and are paired with a high risk of side effects, complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs) can offer a safe and effective option for the treatment of IBD. Earlier studies in our lab have shown that American Ginseng can suppress colitis and also prevent colitis-associated colon cancer in mice. During the process of isolating active ingredients from this plant, Panaxynol was identified as a key component. Panaxynol has been shown to have anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties, but it has not been studied in macrophage-driven autoimmunity models. Here, we study the effects of Panaxynol on macrophages and other cell lines in an attempt to understand its mechanism of action. We show that Panaxynol induces DNA damage and apoptosis in macrophages in a dose-dependent manner using phosphorylated γ-H2AX detection and TUNEL assays, respectively. Importantly, DNA damage and apoptosis were induced in other cell types (e.g. epithelial cells and fibroblasts) only when using higher doses of Panaxynol (&amp;gt;50μM). Co-culture experiments confirm that Panaxynol selectively targets macrophages in the presence of colon cancer cells. To explore mechanisms, we asked whether Panaxynol inhibits the STAT1 pathway. Results showing an inhibition of STAT1 phosphorylation are consistent with the hypothesis. We plan to extend these studies to an in vivo mouse model of DSS-induced colitis in order to understand the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of Panaxynol. Positive outcomes from this study can potentially serve as a model for the treatment of colitis and other autoimmune diseases (at least partly) associated with macrophage dysfunction. Citation Format: Anusha Chaparala, Deepak Poudyal, Xiangli Cui, Bin Li, Erin E. Witalison, Taixing Cui, Lorne J. Hofseth. Panaxynol, a potential treatment for colitis, selectively targets pro-inflammatory macrophages for DNA damage and apoptosis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 5503. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-5503
Primary lymphoma of bone in children.
Authors: W L Furman, S Fitch, H O Hustu, T Callihan, S B Murphy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1989)

Primary lymphoma of bone (PLB) occurs infrequently in children. Between January 1962 and November 1988, 395 children with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) were treated at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital. Eleven of these patients (2.8%) presented with a bone primary, usually in the femur (eight of 11 patients). The median age of these seven boys and four girls at presentation was 13 years (range, 5.5 to 19 years). Seven patients had one or more additional bones involved. All patients had high-grade lymphomas based on the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Working Formulation. The histologic subtypes included six large-cell lymphomas, three lymphoblastic lymphomas, one small-noncleaved, non-Burkitt's lymphoma, and one unclassifiable lymphoma. Treatment consisted of multiagent chemotherapy combined with local radiation therapy in seven of 11 patients. Six of 10 children who received chemotherapy as a component of their initial therapy, including all who presented with localized tumor, are alive with no evidence of disease 2+ to 85+ months (median, 42.5 months) after cessation of treatment; one patient has just completed chemotherapy. Each of the four patients who died showed leukemic conversion 5 to 11 months after diagnosis, and three died of progressive disease. One patient died of sepsis during chemotherapy-induced neutropenia with no evidence of disease at necropsy. We conclude that optimal therapy for PLB, as with all other forms of NHL, should focus on the histologic subtype and stage of disease.
Prognostic significance of histopathologic response to chemotherapy in nonmetastatic Ewing's sarcoma of the extremities.
Authors: P Picci, B T Rougraff, G Bacci, J R Neff, L Sangiorgi, A Cazzola, N Baldini, S Ferrari, M Mercuri, P Ruggieri
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1993)

To evaluate more accurately the effectiveness of preoperative chemotherapy in the treatment of patients with Ewing's sarcoma, we studied histopathologically the chemotherapeutic response and correlated it to oncologic outcome.Between June 1983 and December 1989, 68 patients with nonmetastatic Ewing's sarcoma of the extremities were treated at our institute with preoperative chemotherapy (without radiation therapy) and surgery. The specimens were retrospectively evaluated for areas of viable tumor cells and graded from I to III (macroscopic, microscopic, or no residual disease, respectively) in a blinded fashion. Clinical follow-up data were available on all patients for a mean of 60 months (range, 32 to 111).This histopathologic analysis was strongly correlated with oncologic outcome (P = .004). Patients who demonstrated grade III response (no identifiable viable tumor nodules present) had improved 5-year disease-free survival rates as compared with patients with grade II (microscopic nodes present; P = .023; 90% v 53%) and grade I responses (macroscopic nodules present; P = .0003; 90% v 32%). Patients with grade II necrosis had statistically improved survival rates over those with grade I necrosis (53% v 32%; P = .074).This new histopathologic analysis technique for the evaluation of neoadjuvant chemotherapy effectiveness (which does not rely on tumor volume for its assessment) is a valuable prognostic indicator for patients with Ewing's sarcoma treated with surgery. Based on this preliminary report, cases of grade I or II chemotherapeutic tumor response should be considered clinical failures and a different, more aggressive postoperative chemotherapy regimen should be considered.
Progressive Increase Of Thymoglobulin Severe Infusion Reactions Used In The Conditioning Regimen Of Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation. Comparative Study Between 2004 and 2012
Authors: Lucrecia Yanez, Brenda López Pereira, Arancha Bermudez, Andres Insunza, Carlos Richard, Mario Gonzalez Ruiz, Esmeralda Cuaresma, Eulogio Conde
Journal: Blood (2013)
Effects of Combined Treatment With Arsenic Trioxide and Itraconazole in Patients With Refractory Metastatic Basal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Mina S. Ally, Katherine Ransohoff, Kavita Sarin, Scott X. Atwood, Melika Rezaee, Irene Bailey-Healy, Jynho Kim, Philip A. Beachy, Anne Lynn S. Chang, Anthony Oro, Jean Y. Tang, A. Dimitrios Colevas
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2016)

Tumor resistance is an emerging problem for Smoothened (SMO) inhibitor-treated metastatic basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Arsenic trioxide and itraconazole antagonize the hedgehog (HH) pathway at sites distinct from those treated by SMO inhibitors.To determine whether administration of intravenous arsenic trioxide and oral itraconazole in patients with metastatic BCC is associated with a reduction in GLI1 messenger RNA expression in tumor and/or normal skin biopsy samples.Five men with metastatic BCC who experienced relapse after SMO inhibitor treatment underwent intravenous arsenic trioxide treatment for 5 days, every 28 days, and oral itraconazole treatment on days 6 to 28. Data were collected from April 10 to November 14, 2013. Follow-up was completed on October 3, 2015, and data were analyzed from June 5 to October 6, 2015.The primary outcome was the change in messenger RNA levels of the GLI family zinc finger 1 (GLI1) gene (HH-pathway target gene) in biopsy specimens of normal skin or BCC before and after treatment. Secondary objectives were evaluation of tumor response and tolerability.Of the 5 patients (mean [SD] age, 52 [9] years; age range, 43-62 years), 3 completed 3 cycles of treatment and 2 discontinued treatment early owing to disease progression or adverse events. Adverse effects included grade 2 transaminitis and grade 4 leukopenia with a grade 3 infection. Overall, arsenic trioxide and itraconazole reduced GLI1 messenger RNA levels by 75% from baseline (P < .001). The best overall response after 3 treatment cycles was stable disease in 3 patients.Targeting the HH pathway with sequential arsenic trioxide and itraconazole treatment is a feasible treatment for metastatic BCC. Although some patients experienced stable disease for 3 months, none had tumor shrinkage, which may be owing to transient GLI1 suppression with sequential dosing. Continuous dosing may be required to fully inhibit the HH pathway and achieve clinical response.
NCCN: Touched by Cancer
Authors: Joan S. McClure
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2015)

Joan S. McClure, MS, is Senior Vice President of Clinical Information and Publications for NCCN. Ms. McClure’s group develops the NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines), associated NCCN Guidelines for Patients, the NCCN Drugs & Biologics Compendium (NCCN Compendium), NCCN Chemotherapy Orders Templates (NCCN Templates), the NCCN Biomarkers Compendium, and JNCCN—Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Ms. McClure also serves as a member of the Executive Editorial Board for JNCCN. Ms. McClure has led NCCN’s efforts to develop quality measures based on the NCCN Guidelines in collaboration with ASCO and Ingenix, and to incorporate NCCN’s information into third party decision support systems aimed at improving quality care. Ms. McClure previously managed national oncology information programs for patients, health professionals, and the public on contracts with the NCI and supported the FDA in identifying and developing standards for medical and toxicology data used for submission to regulatory authorities in the United States, Europe, and Japan. She earned her MS degree from the University of Maryland, College Park. NCCN: Touched by Cancer
Neuroendocrine risk factors of suicidal behavior
Authors: R Ostroff, E Giller, K Bonese, E Ebersole, L Harkness, J Mason
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1982)

Three of 22 subjects in a study of neuroendocrine correlates of clinical change made serious suicide attempts, 2 of which were lethal. The suicidal subjects had significantly higher 24-hour urinary cortisol levels and significantly lower 24-hour urinary norepinephrine-to-epinephrine ratios than the nonsuicidal patients had. Although the cortisol finding confirms earlier reports, the norepinephrine-to-epinephrine ratio finding is new. The results support the concept that the clinical utility of neuroendocrine measures is enhanced by using a multihormonal profile.
Cbl-b silenced human NK cells respond stronger to cytokine stimulation
Authors: Guenther Lametschwandtner, Monika Sachet, Isabella Haslinger, Hannes Mühleisen, Hans Loibner
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2015)

Meeting abstracts The E3 ubiquitin ligase cbl-b has been identified as an important gatekeeper limiting T cell activation and more recently also NK cell activation. Hence, cbl-b deficient NK cells displayed stronger anti-tumor responses and this has been linked to a key role of cbl-b for modulation
Reply
Authors: Mario Marzilli, C. Noel Bairey Merz, William E. Boden, Robert O. Bonow, Paola G. Capozza, William M. Chilian, Anthony N. DeMaria, Giacinta Guarini, Alda Huqi, Doralisa Morrone, Manesh R. Patel, William S. Weintraub
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Abstract 18627: Cellular Encapsulation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Enhances Cardiac Repair in a Rat Model of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Rebecca DLevit, NataliaLandazuri, Edward APhelps, Milton EBrown, AndresGarcia, Michael EDavis, GigiJoseph, RobertLong, Collin JWeber, Susan ASafley, Jonathan DSuever, Alicia NLyle, W. RobertTaylor
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Stem cell therapies for myocardial repair have shown promise in preclinical trials, but lower than expected retention and viability of transplanted cells. In an effort to improve this, we employed an alginate encapsulation strategy for human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and attached them to the heart with a biocompatible PEG hydrogel patch in a rat MI model. Encapsulation allows for diffusion of pro-angiogenic cytokines and growth factors made by the hMSCs while maintaining them at the site of implantation. Animals were treated as follows: (1) MI only, (2) MI + gel, (3) MI + gel + empty capsules, (4) MI + gel + 1x106 non-encapsulated hMSCs or (5) MI + gel + 1x106 hMSCs encapsulated in alginate. Cells were tracked using bioluminescence (BLI) and cardiac function measured by echo and CMR. Animals treated with encapsulated hMSCs in the patch had a large increase in microvascular density in the peri-infarct area (828 ± 56 vessels/mm2; n = 6; p < 0.01) compared to other groups (MI: 121 ± 10, MI + gel: 153 ± ...
Doxorubicin and dose-escalated cyclophosphamide with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor for the treatment of hormone-resistant prostate cancer.
Authors: E J Small, S Srinivas, B Egan, A McMillan, T P Rearden
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1996)

PURPOSE The goals of this study were to define the efficacy and toxicity of doxorubicin and dose-escalated cyclophosphamide (Cy) along with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in the treatment of hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC), to determine the maximal-tolerated dose (MTD) of Cy in this regimen, and to evaluate the impact of prior pelvic irradiation (XRT) on MTD and toxicity. PATIENTS AND METHODS Thirty-five patients were treated every 21 days with fixed-dose doxorubicin (40 mg/m2) and Cy 800 to 2,000 mg/m2 (in a cohort dose-escalation schema) along with G-CSF. RESULTS Five of 15 patients (33%) with measurable disease obtained an objective response. Sixteen of 35 patients (46%) had a greater than 50% decrease in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level (95% confidence interval [CI], 28.8% to 63.4%). Ten of 35 patients (28.6%) had a greater than 75% decrease in PSA level. The median survival time was 11 months. The median survival duration of patients with a greater than 50% decrease in PSA level was 23 months, versus a median survival time of 7 months in patients without a PSA response (P = .02). Although 33% of cycles were associated with grade 4 neutropenia, febrile neutropenia occurred in only 7.8% of all cycles. Thrombocytopenia and anemia were rare. Nonhematologic toxicity was minimal. Patients who had received prior pelvic XRT had a lower Cy MTD, but their hematologic toxicity was not appreciably different. CONCLUSION This is a well-tolerated, active regimen for the treatment of HRPC. Toxicity was not different in patients with prior pelvic XRT, although these patients had a lower MTD.
Stop smoking services are under threat owing to budget cuts
Authors: Jacqui Wise
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Funding for smoking cessation services is being cut in around 40% of local authorities in England, a report by Action on Smoking and Health, commissioned by Cancer Research UK, has found.1

The report is based on a survey of staff in charge of tobacco control services conducted in summer 2015, two years after the transfer of responsibility and resources for public health to local government. There were 118 respondents to the survey, a response rate of 86%. The respondents represented 126 local authorities, 83% of …