tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The use of statins may prolong survival of non-small cell lung cancer patients: Final update from 1,205 cases
Authors: A. S. Hanbali, D. Wang, M. Jankowski, E. Urbaez, A. Syed, S. Farhan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

7638 Background: Hypercholesterolemia is one of the most common morbidities in United States. Statins have been proven as effective cholesterol-lowering agents and have been widely used in this country. They have been reported reducing the incidence and risk of various cancer types. However, the impact of using statins on the survival of 407 patients with diagnosed non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was initially reported (Wang, et al. Abstract #7149, ASCO Meeting 2006). Methods: 1,233 patients with diagnosed non-small cell lung cancer were identified from the Tumor Registry at Henry Ford Health System between January 1999 and December 2004. The data from 1,206 patients were extracted from their available electronic medical records. Statistical analyses were performed and stratified for statin users versus non statin users. Results: Data from 1,205 eligible patients were included in this updated report. There were 391 patients with hypercholesterolemia, 250 of them were statin users at the time of their non-small cell lung cancer diagnosis. Average age was 68 (range 46–90) years for statin users and 65.9 (range 29–94) years for non statin users. Overall median survival of 1,205 subjects was 9.85 months. After stratifying for statin use, the median survival of statin users was 13.9 (95% C.I. 9.9 - 17.4) months while the median survival of non statin users was 9.6 (95% C.I. 8.1 - 10.4) months, with a P value of 0.0001. After having several prognostic variables (age, stage, co-morbids, other cancers, performance status, anti-cancer therapies, and serum albumin, etc.) adjusted, statin use still demonstrated protection from death with a hazard ratio of 0.74 (95% C.I. 0.59 - 0.95, P=0.017). Conclusion: The trend of survival benefit from NSCLC among statin users was shown in our previous report and it has maintained with further enhanced statistical significance in this update. Though statin use will unlikely become an independent anti-cancer regimen by itself, the choice of continuation of statin among NSCLC patients may still provide survival benefit to this population. The favorable impact of statin use on NSCLC patients is intriguing; a prospective study of co-morbidity management with statins in patients with non-small cell lung cancer is warranted. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 12775: The Impact of Spotty Calcification on Microstructures Within Thin-cap Fibroatheromas: Frequency Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Analysis
Authors: Yu Kataoka, Kiyoko Uno, Rishi Puri, E.Murat Tuzcu, Steven E Nissen, Stephen J Nicholls
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Thin-cap fibroatheroma (TCFA) is a vulnerable plaque phenotype, typically not heavily calcified. Small amounts of calcium in a spotty distribution have been reported as a morphological ...
Abstract 15504: Application of Combined use of Optical Coherence Tomography and Intravascular Ultrasound for the Diagnosis of Coronary Vulnerable Plaques: A Histological Validation Study
Authors: Takahiro Imanaka, Hiroyuki Hao, Kenichi Fujii, Masahiko Shibuya, Masashi Fukunaga, Kojiro Miki, Hiroto Tamaru, Daizo Kawasaki, Motomaru Masutani, Mitsumasa Ohyanagi, Tohru Masuyama
Journal: Circulation (2012)
Impact of restrictive civil commitment procedures on a prison psychiatric service
Authors: J C Bonovitz, E B Guy
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1979)

To assess the impact of restrictive civil commitment procedures, the authors studied the population of a prison psychiatric unit before and after the procedures were implemented. Their findings suggest that when the community finds it difficult to use the alternative of involuntary hospitalization, arrest and imprisonment are used to remove mentally ill people from the community.
Comprehensive analysis of ERCC, XPD, and XRCC polymorphisms: Association with clinical outcomes in patients with advanced gastric cancer
Authors: B. Keam, H. Kim, S. Im, H. Ham, S. Han, E. Cho, J. Lee, D. Oh, T. Kim, Y. Bang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

4649 Background: Platinum-DNA adducts are repaired by nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway, in which genes of the excision repair cross-complementation 1 (ERCC1), xeroderma pigmentosum group D (XPD) and X-ray repair cross-complementing group (XRCC) have an important role. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of these genes and the clinical outcomes to combination chemotherapy of 5-FU and oxaliplatin in advanced gastric cancer (AGC). Methods: We searched SNPs of NER pathway genes from database of the International Hapmap Project. Tagging SNPs and halpotype blocks were founded by linakage disequilibrium and haplotype analysis. Whole blood samples were obtained from the patients before chemotherapy. DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells and the genotyping was performed by SNaPshot methods. Seventy three metastatic or relapsed AGC patients received modified FOLFOX-6 as a first-line palliative chemotherapy and were analyzed. Results: By searching the database of the International Hapmap Project, we found 17 SNPs in ERCC, 69 SNPs in XPD, 78 SNPs in XRCC. We found that some SNPs played a role as a tagging SNP and belonged to haplotype block (5 tapping SNPs and one haplotype block in ERCC, 8 tapping SNPs and two haplotype blocks in XPD, 9 tapping SNPs and two haplotype block in XRCC). Tagging SNPs were analyzed and matched with clinical significance. Among the 22 tagging SNPs of NER pathway genes, only XPD-C156A SNP (rs238406) showed clinical correlation. AA genotype of XPD C156A showed higher response rate (CC: CA: AA= 29.2%: 43.3%: 63.2%, p=0.083) and toxicities (neutropenia of grade 3 or 4) (CC: CA: AA= 4.3%: 3.2%: 21.1%, p=0.060) than CC or CA genotypes. Conclusions: Our results suggest that some SNPs of ERCC, XPD and XRCC showed linkage disequilibrium and belonged to haplotype blocks. And XPD-C156A SNP showed clinical correlation in AGC patients treated with modified FOLFOX-6 regimen. These findings require independent prospective confirmation. [Table: see text]
A Canceropole Nord-Ouest multicenter phase II trial of high-dose imatinib mesylate in metastatic uveal melanoma
Authors: F. Mouriaux, C. Delcambre, X. Durando, S. Clisant, M. Hebbar, S. Négrier, C. Fournier, N. Isambert, E. Desrennes, N. Penel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

9061 Background: To date, there is no consensual and effective treatment for Metastatic Uveal Melanoma (MUM). Numerous preclinical data (for example, 75% of MUM express c-kit) suggest that Imatinib Mesylate (IM) may be a potential treatment for UMM. Methods: The primary objective of this 2-stage phase II trial was to determine the non-progression rate (RECIST) at 3 months for patients (pts) receiving IM at dose of 400 mg twice per day orally. Main inclusion criteria were: biopsy-proven MUM, no more than 1 previous systemic treatment line, adequate biological functions. The study was based on a Simon’s optimal design (P0=10%, P1=30%, α=5%,1-β=80%), which allowed a total of 29 pts to be enrolled, if at least 2 non-progressions would have beeen observed among the 10 first pts. Results: Ten assessable pts were enrolled over 12 months. Median duration of treatment was 8 weeks (range, 1–21 weeks). No objective response and only 1 stable disease (with duration of 5 months) were noted. No pt was found to be free of disease progression at 6 months. Five pts experienced grade 3 toxicities and 1 pt a grade 4 toxicity. These toxicities resulted in dose reductions in 2 cases. The most common severe adverse event was abdominal pain. The overall survival was 10.8 months. Conclusions: Despite promising preclinical data, IM is not an active single agent for MUM. This phase II clinical trial has been stopped at the first step. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Novartis
Seasonal Diagnosis of Hodgkin's Disease Among Young Adults&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: G R Newell, H K Lynch, J M Gibeau, M R Spitz
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

Among 3,707 incident cases of Hodgkin's disease analyzed by month of initially confirmed diagnosis, there was no evidence of seasonal variation for boys or girls (less than 15 yr old) or for older persons (greater than or equal to 40 yr old). However, for young adults (15-39 yr old) there was significant fluctuation of month of diagnosis. February was the month of peak diagnosis both among young men (P = .002) and among young women, although not significant at conventional levels (P = .30). This seasonal variation is consistent with the hypothesis that Hodgkin's disease in young adults is the rare manifestation of a prevalent infection with low pathogenicity.
Burkitt Lymphoma in New Guinea: Establishment of a Line of Lymphoblasts &lt;italic&gt;In Vitro&lt;/italic&gt; and Description of Their Fine Structure&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: J H Pope, B G Achong, M A Epstein, J Biddulph
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1967)

A case of lymphoma in New Guinea had clinical and histopathological features identical with those described for the Burkitt lymphoma in Africa. A strain of cells (QIMR-GOR) was established in vitro from the tumor and in its cultural characteristics resembled strains of African origin. In the electron microscope all the cells were uniform and had the fine structural characteristics of undifferentiated lymphoblasts. Annulate lamellae and projections of the nuclear envelope were also seen. These findings further confirm the similarity of the tumor in Africa and New Guinea. Although cells of the QIMR-GOR strain are known to carry a herpestype virus, no virus could be isolated in test tissue cultures, or mice, either from the original tumor or the cultured cells; attempts to isolate Mycoplasma were likewise negative.
Impact of PSA decrease at the end of radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer on clinical recurrence and specific cause survival
Authors: R. de Crevoisier, T. Messai, A. Plantade, K. Slimane, F. Eschwege, S. Koscielny, A. Bridier, P. Wibault, K. Fizazi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

15501 Background: The objective was to identify early predictors of outcome in a large retrospective series of patients treated by external beam radiotherapy only (without androgen deprivation). All the patients had a PSA at the 6 th week (PSA 6wRT ) in the course of RT. Methods: From 1990 to 2004, 409 pts with localized prostate cancer were treated by RT. Median pretreatment PSA (PSA preRT ) was 13 ng/mL (0.5–133). Clinical stage was T1 (26%), T2 (60%), and T3 (14%). Gleason score was 4–6 (59%), 7 (31%) and 8–10 (10%). Prognosis was classified as low risk (24%), intermediate (39%) and high risk (37%). The prostate received 65 Gy (2.5 Gy/day) (34%) or 70 Gy (2 or 2.5 Gy/day) (66%). Results: The median follow-up was 57 months (6–190). The median ratio of : PSA 6wRT / PSA preRT was 71% (1–374). The 5-year biochemical disease free survival (DFS) rates (RTOG-ASTRO 2006) by PSA 6wRT / PSA preRT &lt; 71% or ≥ 71% were: 66% (95% CI: 58–74) and 56% (95% CI: 48–64), respectively (Log rank, p=0.048),. The 5-year clinical (local or metastases) DFS rates by PSA 6wRT / PSA preRT &lt; 71% or ≥ 71% were: 96% (95% CI: 93–99) and 85% (95% CI: 79–91), respectively (p=0.03). In multivariate analysis, the prognostic values of PSA 6wRT / PSA preRT (as a continuous variable) on biochemical DFS, clinical DFS and cause specific survival are shown in the table . Conclusions: The PSA 6wRT / PSA preRT predicts for biochemical DFS, clinical DFS and cause specific survival in localized prostate cancer. This factor could be used to propose adjuvant treatment after radiotherapy, in case of high: PSA 6wRT / PSA preRT . [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Cystic fibrosis: a novel therapeutic angle or a false dawn
Authors: P M George
Journal: Thorax (2009)

Worldwide, approximately 10% of patients with cystic fibrosis have premature stop codons in the mRNA for the CFTR gene. These result in phenotypically severe variants of cystic fibrosis. PTC124 is a small molecule available as an oral preparation which allows the ribosome to selectively ignore these mutations and hence produce the functioning protein.

This prospective phase II trial recruited …
Predictive markers for the treatment of colorectal cancer with cetuximab
Authors: E. Razis, E. Briasoulis, I. Kostopoulos, M. Bobos, C. Christodoulou, D. Papamichael, S. K. Rigatos, P. Papakostas, P. Kosmidis, G. Fountzilas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

13500 Background: Cetuximab is an anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody with activity in colorectal cancer. Patients most likely to benefit should be identified using molecular markers. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on patients treated with cetuximab who had paraffin embedded tissue available for testing. Tumor specimens were tested for EGFR (31G7, Zymed), PTEN (28H6, Novocastra) and pAkt 1/2/3 (Thr 308, Santa Cruz) expression by IHC. The EGFR gene status was investigated by FISH (Vysis). Results: Seventy-two patients were identified. EGFR expression was detected in 32/68 patients tested. PTEN was positive in all cases tested (64/64) and pAkt in 52 of 64 patients, in &gt;70% of cells in 21/64 cases. Most patients were treated with cetuximab in various combinations, three patients received it as a single agent and 7 patients in more than one line of therapy. Median follow-up from diagnosis was 30.7 months and from Cetuximab initiation 6.9 months. Median survival from diagnosis has not been reached yet but from initiation of Cetuximab it is 13.6 months. 19 patients achieved a PR and 1 a CR. Most patients with PR were treated in first or second line however, 6 patients achieved a PR in 3 rd line and 3 in subsequent lines. The patient with complete response, was treated in first line with CPT 11 and Cetuximab. TTP was 7.4 months for patients treated with Cetuximab in 1st line, 7.5 in 2nd line and 5.3 in 3rd line. Survival did not correlate significantly with any of the immunohistochemically assessed parameters. TTP correlated significantly with pAkt overexpression for patients treated in 3 rd line (p=0.0065). The CR was seen in the only patient with EGFR amplification.The presence of skin toxicity did not correlate with response to therapy. Conclusions: Overexpression of pAkt may correlate with response to Cetuximab in colorectal cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 12796: Obesity in Young Men and Long-term Risk of Atrial Fibrillation: 33-Year Follow-up of 12,850 Young Healthy Men
Authors: Morten Schmidt, Hans Erik Botker, Lars Pedersen, Henrik T Sørensen
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background:  The association between body mass index (BMI) measured in young adulthood and long-term risk of atrial fibrillation has been examined for women, but not men. We examined the association between BMI in young men and the risk of atrial fibrillation before 55 years of age.   Methods:  We conducted a population-based cohort study of 12,850 males whose fitness for military service was examined by Draft Boards in Northern Denmark. Hospital diagnoses were obtained from the Danish National Registry of Patients, covering all Danish hospitals since 1977. We began follow-up on the 22nd birthday of each subject and continued until occurrence of atrial fibrillation, emigration, death, or 31 December 2010, whichever came first. Adjusting for cognitive score, education, and body height, we used Cox regression to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) associating BMI with atrial fibrillation occurrence.   Results:  The cohort consisted of 10,639 (83%) men of normal weight (BMI: 18.5 to ≤25.0 kg/m2), 617 (5%) underweight men (BMI: ≤18.5 kg/m2), 1,368 (11%) overweight men (BMI: 25.0 to ≤30.0 kg/m2), and 226 (2%) obese men (BMI: ≥30 kg/m2). The cohort contributed a total of 352,582 person-years of follow-up and mean follow-up time was 28 years. The number of patients developing atrial fibrillation was 125 among normal weight men, 8 among underweight men, 29 among overweight men, and 5 among obese men. The corresponding 33-year risk of atrial fibrillation was 2.5% (95% CI: 1.2%-3.9%) for normal weight men, 2.9% (95% CI: 0.8%-5.1%) for underweight men, 4.0% (95% CI: 2.2%-5.8%) for overweight men, and 4.2% (95% CI: 1.1%-7.4%) for obese men. With normal weight as reference, the adjusted HR for atrial fibrillation was 1.04 (0.51-2.12) for underweight men, 1.90 (1.27-2.86) for overweight men, and 2.05 (95% CI: 0.84-5.03) for obese men. In a linear regression model, the adjusted HR associating one unit increase in BMI with atrial fibrillation was 1.10 (1.05-1.15).   Conclusions:  Overweight and obesity in early adulthood strongly predicts atrial fibrillation before 55 years of age among men.
Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition to Myelin Basic Protein by Cancer Patients' T-Lymphocytes in Association With Class II Major Histocompatibility Antigens on Monocytes<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref>
Authors: D M Thomson, W J Halliday, K Phelan
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

Patients' leukocytes were shown to react consistently in tube leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) assays with myelin basic protein (MBP) at optimal concentration, whereas control leukocytes were nonreactive. Mononuclear cells from patients with cancer gave positive LAI reactions with MBP, but separated T-lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils did not. The mononuclear cell LAI responses were blocked by monoclonal antibody (MAb) to monomorphic determinant of class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens and to T4+ (Leu-3a+) and T3+ (Leu-4+) T-cell differentiation antigens but not by antibody to class I MHC antigens or T8+ (Leu-2a+) antigens. MBP was thus recognized by helper T-cells, requiring presentation in association with class II MHC determinants on monocytes. MAb to class I and class II MHC antigens and to T8+ (Leu-2a+), T4+ (Leu-3a+), and T3+ (Leu-4+) differentiation antigens did not negate LAI mediated by peripheral blood lymphocytes to organ-specific cancer neoantigens (OSN) of crude extracts of allogeneic cancer, which had previously been shown to react with cytophilic antibody on allogeneic monocytes. When membrane OSN and leukocytes were autologous, T8+ (Leu-2a+) phenotypic T-cells also mediated LAI that was blocked by anti-T8 (Leu-2a) and anti-T3 (Leu-4). LAI induced by MBP was also negated by drugs that antagonize thromboxane-leukotriene biosynthesis, indicating that, in common with other LAI reactions, the terminal mediators of nonadherence are oxidative metabolites of arachidonic acid. In addition to clarifying the role of MBP in the cellular in vitro immunoreactivity of cancer patients, the present observations have important implications for theories of LAI. Sensitized leukocytes have different mechanisms for the recognition of antigens in different forms, and the antigen-stimulated leukocytes produce mediators that in a final common pathway induce nonadherence of surrounding cells through leukotriene-like metabolites.
Comparison of Coronary Bypass Surgery with Angioplasty in Patients with Multivessel Disease
Authors: The Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation (BARI) Investigators
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Coronary-artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) are alternative methods of revascularization in patients with coronary artery disease. We tested the hypothesis that in selected patients with multivessel disease suitable for treatment with either procedure, an initial strategy of PTCA does not result in a poorer five-year clinical outcome than CABG.Patients with multivessel disease were randomly assigned to an initial treatment strategy of CABG (n = 914) or PTCA (n = 915) and were followed for an average of 5.4 years. Analysis of outcome events was performed according to the intention to treat.The respective in-hospital event rates for CABG and PTCA were 1.3 percent and 1.1 percent for mortality, 4.6 percent and 2.1 percent for Q-wave myocardial infarction (P < 0.01), and 0.8 percent and 0.2 percent for stroke. The five-year survival rate was 89.3 percent for those assigned to CABG and 86.3 percent for those assigned to PTCA (P = 0.19; 95 percent confidence interval of the difference in survival, -0.2 percent to 6.0 percent). The respective five-year survival rates free from Q-wave myocardial infarction were 80.4 percent and 78.7 percent. By five years after study entry, 8 percent of the patients assigned to CABG had undergone additional revascularization procedures, as compared with 54 percent of those assigned to PTCA; 69 percent of those assigned to PTCA did not subsequently undergo CABG. Among diabetic patients who were being treated with insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents at base line, a subgroup not specified by the protocol, five-year survival was 80.6 percent for the CABG group as compared with 65.5 percent for the PTCA group (P = 0.003).As compared with CABG, an initial strategy of PTCA did not significantly compromise five-year survival in patients with multivessel disease, although subsequent revascularization was required more often with this strategy. For treated diabetics, five-year survival was significantly better after CABG than after PTCA.
Does tetracycline prevent/palliate epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor-induced rash? A phase III trial from the North Central Cancer Treatment Group (N03CB)
Authors: A. Jatoi, K. Rowland, J. A. Sloan, H. M. Gross, P. A. Fishkin, S. P. Kahanic, P. J. Novotny, P. L. Schaefer, S. R. Dakhil, C. L. Loprinzi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

LBA9006 Purpose: Many patients who receive EGFR inhibitors develop an acneiform rash, and anecdotal reports suggest tetracycline is effective in treating it. To our knowledge, however, no rigorous trials have ever been published to substantiate this approach. This double- blinded, placebo-controlled trial was conducted to assess the role of tetracycline in preventing EGFR inhibitor-induced rash and/or reducing its severity. Methods: 61 patients were randomly assigned to tetracycline 500 mg orally twice a day×4 weeks versus an identical, similarly prescribed placebo. Eligibility criteria required all patients to have begun an EGFR inhibitor &lt;/= 7 days prior with no rash at study entry. Patients were to be followed for 8 weeks. Physician assessments of rash incidence, severity, and adverse events, occurred at 4 and 8 weeks. Patients completed a weekly rash diary, quality of life questionnaire (SKINDEX-16), and EGFR inhibitor compliance questionnaire. Thirty patients per group provides 90% power to detect a difference in rash incidence (the primary endpoint) of 40% between groups and of rejecting the null hypothesis of equal proportions with a type I error of 5% (2-sided). Results: Treatment arms were balanced on baseline characteristics, drop out rates, and rates of discontinuation of the EGFR inhibitor. Rash incidence was comparable across arms. Physicians reported that 16 tetracycline-treated patients (70%) and 22 placebo-exposed patients (76%) developed a rash (p=0.61). However, tetracycline appears to have lessened rash severity. By week 4, physician-reported grade 2 rash occurred in 17% of tetracycline-treated patients (n=4) and 55% of placebo- exposed patients (n=16); (p=0.04). Tetracycline-treated patients reported better scores on certain quality of life parameters (SKINDEX-16), such as skin burning or stinging, skin irritation, and being bothered by a persistence/recurrence of a skin condition. Adverse events were comparable across arms. Conclusion: Tetracycline did not prevent EGFR inhibitor-induced rashes. However, diminished rash severity and improved quality of life suggest this antibiotic merits further study. No significant financial relationships to disclose.