tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 14363: The Impact of Timing on Carotid Artery Stenting in the Symptomatic Population
Authors: Nicholas J Ruggiero, Brian G Hynes, Kevin F Kennedy, Joseph M Garasic, Kenneth Rosenfield
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: The optimal timing of carotid artery stenting (CAS) after transient ischemic attack (TIA) or stroke (CVA) is unknown. Analysis of carotid endarterectomy trials suggests that surgical in...
Establishing and Delivering Quality Radiation Therapy in Resource-Constrained Settings: The Story of Botswana
Authors: Jason A. Efstathiou, Magda Heunis, Talkmore Karumekayi, Remigio Makufa, Memory Bvochora-Nsingo, David P. Gierga, Gita Suneja, Surbhi Grover, Joseph Kasese, Mompati Mmalane, Howard Moffat, Alexander von Paleske, Joseph Makhema, Scott Dryden-Peterson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

There is a global cancer crisis, and it is disproportionately affecting resource-constrained settings, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Radiotherapy is a critical and cost-effective component of a comprehensive cancer control plan that offers the potential for cure, control, and palliation of disease in greater than 50% of patients with cancer. Globally, LMICs do not have adequate access to quality radiation therapy and this gap is particularly pronounced in sub-Saharan Africa. Although there are numerous challenges in implementing a radiation therapy program in a low-resource setting, providing more equitable global access to radiotherapy is a responsibility and investment worth prioritizing. We outline a systems approach and a series of key questions to direct strategy toward establishing quality radiation services in LMICs, and highlight the story of private-public investment in Botswana from the late 1990s to the present. After assessing the need and defining the value of radiation, we explore core investments required, barriers that need to be overcome, and assets that can be leveraged to establish a radiation program. Considerations addressed include infrastructure; machine choice; quality assurance and patient safety; acquisition, development, and retention of human capital; governmental engagement; public-private partnerships; international collaborations; and the need to critically evaluate the program to foster further growth and sustainability.
Central Sleep-disordered Breathing Predicts Incident Atrial Fibrillation in Older Men
Authors: Anna M. May, Terri Blackwell, Peter H. Stone, Katie L. Stone, Peggy M. Cawthon, William H. Sauer, Paul D. Varosy, Susan Redline, Reena Mehra
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2015)

Although research supports a sleep-disordered breathing and atrial fibrillation association, prospective data examining sleep-disordered breathing predicting incident atrial fibrillation are lacking.To investigate sleep-disordered breathing indices as predictors of incident atrial fibrillation.A cohort (n = 843) of ambulatory older men without prevalent atrial fibrillation was assessed for baseline sleep indices: apnea-hypopnea index, central sleep apnea (central apnea index, ≥5 vs. <5), central sleep apnea or Cheyne-Stokes respiration, obstructive apnea-hypopnea index, and percentage of sleep time with less than 90% oxygen saturation. Incident clinically symptomatic adjudicated or self-reported atrial fibrillation outcome was ascertained (mean follow-up, 6.5 ± 0.7 yr). We used logistic regression models adjusted for age, race, body mass index, cardiopulmonary disease, alcohol use, pacemaker, cholesterol, cardiac medications, and alternate apnea type for obstructive and central apnea. Age interaction terms and median age-stratified analyses were performed.Central sleep apnea (odds ratio [OR], 2.58; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18-5.66) and Cheyne-Stokes respiration with central sleep apnea (OR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.13-4.56), but not obstructive apnea or hypoxemia, predicted incident atrial fibrillation. Central apnea, Cheyne-Stokes respiration, and sleep-disordered breathing-age interaction terms were significant (P < 0.05). Unlike the case with younger participants, among participants aged 76 years or older (albeit with small atrial fibrillation counts), atrial fibrillation was related to central apnea (OR, 9.97; 95% CI, 2.72-36.50), Cheyne-Stokes respiration with central apnea (OR, 6.31; 95% CI, 1.94-20.51), and apnea-hypopnea index (OR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.08-1.39 [per 5-unit increase]).In older men, central apnea and Cheyne-Stokes respiration predicted increased atrial fibrillation risk, with findings being strongest in older participants in whom overall sleep-disordered breathing also increased atrial fibrillation risk.
Anti-VEGF Pharmacotherapy as an Alternative to Panretinal Laser Photocoagulation for Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Timothy W. Olsen
Journal: JAMA (2015)

From 1976 to 1981, the results of the Diabetic Retinopathy Study identified that panretinal laser photocoagulation (PRP) for high-risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) reduced the rate of severe visual acuity loss by more than 50% compared with the natural history of the disease. 1,2 The Diabetic Retinopathy Study identified 4 key risk features of PDR (retinal neovascularization [NV]; NV within 1 disc diameter of the optic disc [NVD]; severe NV [NVD >¼ to ⅓ disc diameters or NV elsewhere >½ disc diameter]; and preretinal or vitreous hemorrhage) and indicated that the presence of 3 or more risk factors constituted high-risk characteristics for developing severe vision loss. 3 The results of the Diabetic Retinopathy Study have served as the basis for the accepted standard of care in the management of PDR for decades. In this issue of JAMA, the investigators from the Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network (DRCR.net) present the results of a clinical trial comparing PRP and intravitreous ranibizumab among patients with PDR. 4 This noninferiority study included 305 adults with PDR, including 89 participants who had both eyes enrolled, for a total of 394 study eyes. Patients in the ranibizumab group (n = 191 eyes) received intravitreous ranibizumab (0.5 mg) (and PRP if treatment failed) and received ranibizumab as needed for diabetic macular edema, whereas patients in the PRP group (n = 203 eyes) re
MAb therapy against the IFN-α/β receptor subunit 1 stimulates arteriogenesis in a murine hindlimb ischaemia model without enhancing atherosclerotic burden
Authors: Paul F.A. Teunissen, Marieke C. Boshuizen, Maurits R. Hollander, Paul S. Biesbroek, Nina W. van der Hoeven, Jan-Quinten Mol, Marion J. Gijbels, Saskia van der Velden, Tineke C. van der Pouw Kraan, Anton J. Horrevoets, Menno P. de Winther, Niels van Royen
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2015)

AimsIFN-beta (IFNβ) signalling is increased in patients with insufficient coronary collateral growth (i.e. arteriogenesis) and IFNβ hampers arteriogenesis in mice. A downside of most pro-arteriogenic agents investigated in the past has been their pro-atherosclerotic properties, rendering them unsuitable for therapeutic application. Interestingly, type I IFNs have also been identified as pro-atherosclerotic cytokines and IFNβ treatment increases plaque formation and accumulation of macrophages. We therefore hypothesized that mAb therapy to inhibit IFNβ signalling would stimulate arteriogenesis and simultaneously attenuate—rather than aggravate—atherosclerosis.
A prospective comparison of neuropsychologic performance of children surviving leukemia who received 18-Gy, 24-Gy, or no cranial irradiation.
Authors: R K Mulhern, D Fairclough, J Ochs
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1991)

To compare the late neuropsychologic toxicities of CNS prophylaxis for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), longitudinal assessments were performed on three groups of patients: those who received repeated courses of moderate-dose (1 g/m2) intravenous (IV) and intrathecal methotrexate (IT MTX) without cranial irradiation (MTX group, n = 26), those who received IT MTX and 18 Gy cranial irradiation (18-Gy group, n = 23), and those who received IT MTX and 24 Gy cranial irradiation (24-Gy group, n = 28). All patients were free of CNS leukemia at diagnosis and had remained in continuous, complete remission 5 to 11 years (median, 7.4 years) following CNS prophylaxis. An analysis of serial intelligence quotient (IQ), achievement, and neuropsychologic studies revealed no significant influence of either age at CNS prophylaxis or CNS prophylaxis group on any neuropsychologic outcome measure. After adjusting for changes in IQ test versions that were necessitated by advancing patient age, no statistically significant declines in Verbal, Performance, or Full Scale IQs were noted for the three CNS treatment groups. However, comparisons of group means masked declines in individual children; 22% to 30% of children exhibited a clinically significant deterioration (greater than or equal to 15 points) in uncorrected IQ values over the study period. Female sex was associated with an increased risk of deterioration in Verbal IQ, but we were unable to identify risk factors associated with other declines in intellect and achievement. The inability to reliably predict individual patients at risk for clinically significant neuropsychologic toxicities on the basis of age at diagnosis or specific method of CNS prophylaxis suggests that other etiologic factors must be explored as the basis for these changes, such as ecologic factors and chemotherapy during the continuation phase of treatment.
Partnership with UK health bodies is to bring 11 new institutes to India
Authors: S. Bagcchi
Journal: BMJ (2015)

A strategic partnership with the United Kingdom worth a £1bn (€1.4bn; $1.5bn) investment to the Indian healthcare system is set to establish 11 institutes of health in India.

After the Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s recent visit to the UK an implementation task force was formed by the governments of both countries to create arms of UK universities, companies, and NHS organisations in India.1 

The partnership is working with Healthcare UK, …
News
Authors: S Connor
Journal: BMJ (1993)

WHO's election throws agency into bitter turmoilThis week the executive board of the World Health Organisation will decide who will be the organisation's director general for the next five years.Usually a routine event, this election is throwing the UN's largest agency into turmoil.Battle lines have been drawn behind the two main candidates-the incumbent, Dr Hiroshi Nakajima, and his former deputy, Dr Mohamed Abdelmoumene.The build up to the vote, scheduled for 20 January, has left WHO's staff committee split, the secretariat demoralised, and the Japanese government accused of foul play and abuse of power.In the words of the chairman of WHO's staff committee, Dr Jan Stjernsward, "never before has health been so adversely politicised."There is nothing unusual in the incumbent director general standing for re-election: the last director general, Dr Halfden Mahler, remained in office for three terms.What is unprecedented is the strength of feeling against Dr Nakajima (Dr Mahler's re- election was in each case unopposed) and the ferocity of the lobbying.Last September the United States and the 12 countries of the European Community took the unheard of step of declaring their opposition to Dr Nakajima's re-election, saying that it would not be "in the best interests of the organisation."The Scandinavian countries have now joined the coalition in favour of Dr Abdelmoumene.Japan is the only major in- dustrial nation still supporting Dr Nakajima.Japan's spirited defence of its man is not easily explained.Within the UN Japan is already well represented by the much respected Japanese high commissioner for refugees, Dr Sadako Ogata.Yet reports in the press, confirmed by diplomats at Euro- pean and American missions in Geneva, suggest that the Japanese government has been pressurising the poorer members of the executive board, threatening to withdraw trade agreements unless they vote for Dr Nakajima.The Japanese foreign ministry argues that Dr Nakajima has not been in office long enough for his efforts to bear fruit.The European and American camps in Geneva are anxious that their stance should not appear anti-Japanese.But behind the diplomatic expressions of support for Dr Abdelmoumene there is anger at what they believe is Japan's abuse of power.
Male fertility following cancer chemotherapy.
Authors: R L Schilsky
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1989)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1989.7.3.295 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 2645384 Male fertility following cancer chemotherapy. R L SchilskyxR L SchilskySearch for articles by this author Show More University of Chicago. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1989.7.3.295 First Page PDF © 1989 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
at the side of the bed
Authors: Mary Bascom Migeon
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Ad Libitum17 November 2015at the side of the bedMary Bascom Migeon, MDMary Bascom Migeon, MDFrom Seattle, Washington.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M15-1702 Audio Reading - “at the side of the bed” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "at the side of the bed," M.B. Migeon. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail the end table holdsa glass of fresh watera book or two unreadand the small bell to ringshould he need herin the edge of the lamp's lightshe watched his eyesclose in blind reflectiontil his body stilled—out of habitshe gave his handthe brisk shakefor when he snoredor needed to get goingat the kitchen counterher body bendsto wring out her griefher rounded backbare of his hand'sawkward pat patto the back of the housepine needles scatteron the wooden stairsa nail sticks up sharpwhere a grandchild might stepand in the kitchenthe sink doesn't drainas fast as it should Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Seattle, Washington.Current Author Address: Mary Bascom Migeon, MD; e-mail, [email protected]com. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “at the side of the bed” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "at the side of the bed," M.B. Migeon. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 17 November 2015Volume 163, Issue 10Page: 804KeywordsHabits ePublished: 17 November 2015 Issue Published: 17 November 2015 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2015 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
TCLP: an online cancer cell line catalogue integrating HLA type, predicted neo-epitopes, virus and gene expression
Authors: Jelle Scholtalbers, Sebastian Boegel, Thomas Bukur, Marius Byl, Sebastian Goerges, Patrick Sorn, Martin Loewer, Ugur Sahin, John C. Castle
Journal: Genome Medicine (2015)

Human cancer cell lines are an important resource for research and drug development. However, the available annotations of cell lines are sparse, incomplete, and distributed in multiple repositories. Re-analyzing publicly available raw RNA-Seq data, we determined the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) type and abundance, identified expressed viruses and calculated gene expression of 1,082 cancer cell lines. Using the determined HLA types, public databases of cell line mutations, and existing HLA binding prediction algorithms, we predicted antigenic mutations in each cell line. We integrated the results into a comprehensive knowledgebase. Using the Django web framework, we provide an interactive user interface with advanced search capabilities to find and explore cell lines and an application programming interface to extract cell line information. The portal is available at http://celllines.tron-mainz.de.
Immunogenicity, drug trough levels and therapeutic response in patients with rheumatoid arthritis or ankylosing spondylitis after 24-week golimumab treatment
Authors: Der-Yuan Chen, Yi-Ming Chen, Wei-Ting Hung, Hsin-Hua Chen, Chia-Wei Hsieh, Yi-Hsing Chen, Wen-Nan Huang, Tsu-Yi Hsieh
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

Golimumab, a fully humanised antitumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF)-α monoclonal antibody, has been proven effective in the treatment of both rheumatoid arthritis (RA)1 and ankylosing spondylitis (AS).2 As with other anti-TNF-α inhibitors, golimumab may elicit antidrug antibodies (ADAb), leading to pharmacokinetic changes.3 ,4 With the limited data regarding the immunogenicity of golimumab,1 ,2 ,5 we aim to evaluate the relations among ADAb, serum drug trough levels, therapeutic response and methotrexate (MTX) dosage in golimumab-treated patients.

We initially enrolled 78 biologic-naive patients who started golimumab therapy at a dosage of 50 mg given subcutaneously once a month. Two patients with AS were lost to follow-up due to skin reactions at the 2nd and 3rd month, respectively. Hence, the remaining 76 patients (33 RA and 43 AS) completed the 24-week treatment course, and were eligible for this study. Serum ADAb levels and drug trough levels were determined at week 24 of golimumab therapy by bridging ELISA and capture ELISA (Progenika Biopharma SA, Derio, Spain), respectively, a modified version of the method used in our previous study.6 A positive ADAb result was defined as a titre >30 arbitrary unit/mL in combination with a golimumab level <5.0 μg/mL. Because all of the enrolled patients were …
An outbreak of hospital-acquired Staphylococcus aureus skin infection among newborns, Nan Province, Thailand, January 2008
Authors: V Pawun, C Jiraphongsa, S Puttamasute, R Putta, A Wongnai, T Jaima, P Tithsayatikom, S Wattanasri
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2009)

In January 2008, we investigated a cluster of neonates with bullous impetigo in a hospital of northern Thailand in order to control the outbreak and identify a potential source of the infection. We reviewed medical records and working timetables of healthcare workers (HCWs) and conducted a case-control study. We performed an environmental study and took bacteriological samples from HCWs and equipments. According to our case definitions, we identified 16 confirmed cases and 14 probable cases. The attack rate was 42%. Most cases had skin blisters (28 cases) followed by pustules (five cases) and exfoliation (three cases). The location of the lesion was the trunk (17 cases), neck (14 cases) or armpits (nine cases). Nineteen cases had symptoms onset after discharge from hospital. Median age at onset was 4 days. The strain isolated from an infected newborn shared the same phage type as the contaminated equipment. Insufficient hand hygiene was an observed risk behaviour of HCWs and visitors. Exposure to a nasal carrier of Staphylococcus aureus (adjusted OR: 80.3, 95% CI: 4.8 - 1350.3) and ward sharing with a symptomatic case (adjusted OR: 35.6, 95% CI: 1.9 - 654.7) increased the risk of acquiring the infection. The outbreak ended abruptly after implementation of hand hygiene practices and equipment cleaning.
Proposal of a Twin Aarginine Translocator System-Mediated Constraint against Loss of ATP Synthase Genes from Nonphotosynthetic Plastid Genomes
Authors: Ryoma Kamikawa, Goro Tanifuji, Sohta A. Ishikawa, Ken-Ichiro Ishii, Yusei Matsuno, Naoko T. Onodera, Ken-Ichiro Ishida, Tetsuo Hashimoto, Hideaki Miyashita, Shigeki Mayama, Yuji Inagaki
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2015)

Organisms with nonphotosynthetic plastids often retain genomes; their gene contents provide clues as to the functions of these organelles. Yet the functional roles of some retained genes-such as those coding for ATP synthase-remain mysterious. In this study, we report the complete plastid genome and transcriptome data of a nonphotosynthetic diatom and propose that its ATP synthase genes may function in ATP hydrolysis to maintain a proton gradient between thylakoids and stroma, required by the twin arginine translocator (Tat) system for translocation of particular proteins into thylakoids. Given the correlated retention of ATP synthase genes and genes for the Tat system in distantly related nonphotosynthetic plastids, we suggest that this Tat-related role for ATP synthase was a key constraint during parallel loss of photosynthesis in multiple independent lineages of algae/plants.
Oestrogen enhances cardiotoxicity induced by Sunitinib by regulation of drug transport and metabolism
Authors: Pamela Ann Harvey, Leslie Anne Leinwand
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2015)

To define the molecular mechanisms of cardiotoxicity induced by Sunitinib and to identify the role of biological sex in modulating toxicity.Exposure of isolated cardiomyocytes to plasma-relevant concentrations of Sunitinib and other tyrosine kinase inhibitors produces a broad spectrum of abnormalities and cell death via apoptosis downstream of sexually dimorphic kinase inhibition. Phosphorylation of protein kinase C and phospholipase γ abrogates these effects for most tyrosine kinase inhibitors tested. Female sex and estradiol cause increased cardiotoxicity, which is mediated by reduced expression of a drug efflux transporter and a metabolic enzyme. Female but not male mice exposed to a 28-day course of oral Sunitinib exhibit similar abnormalities as well as functional deficits and their hearts exhibit differential expression of genes responsible for transport and metabolism of Sunitinib.We identify the specific pathways affected by tyrosine kinase inhibitors in mammalian cardiomyocytes, interactions with biological sex, and a role for oestrogen in modulating drug efflux and metabolism. These findings represent a critical step toward reducing the incidence of cardiotoxicity with tyrosine kinase inhibitor chemotherapeutics.