tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Did we focus on the most important issues in the use of growth factors and stem-cell transplantation?
Authors: S C Gulati
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1994)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1994.12.4.650 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 7908688 Did we focus on the most important issues in the use of growth factors and stem-cell transplantation? S C GulatixS C GulatiSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1994.12.4.650 First Page PDF © 1994 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Primary side of origin affects the outcome of mCRC patients treated with first-line FOLFIRI plus bevacizumab independently of <i>BRAF</i> status and mucinous histology.
Authors: Fotios Loupakis, Dongyun Yang, Wu Zhang, Chiara Cremolini, Takeru Wakatsuki, Lisa Salvatore, Carlotta Antoniotti, Giuseppe Aprile, Marta Schirripa, Vincenzo Ricci, Sara Lucchesi, Gianluca Masi, Martin Karl Herbert Maus, Sara Lonardi, Yan Ning, Rita El-Khoueiry, Alfredo Falcone, Heinz-Josef Lenz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

3549 Background: Several studies tried to address the question of whether primary site of CRC could affect the outcome. Those analyses were limited by small sample size numbers and/or high degree of heterogeneity in stage and received treatments and/or limited information regarding molecular and pathologic features. Mucinous histology and BRAF mutations are more frequent in right-sided tumors and are both associated with worse outcome in the metastic setting. Methods: the analysis was conducted on a database of 455 mCRC prospectively enrolled in a pharmacogenetic translational study. Patients (pts) were treated with FOLFIRI/bevacizumab. Pts were excluded if data regarding mucinous histology and/or BRAF mutational status were lacking or if affected by synchronous right and left-sided tumors. Results: 200 pts were identified and included in the study. Mucinous histology, BRAF mutation and right-side primary were found in 35 (17.5%), 14 (7%) and 56 (28%) patients respectively. Right-side tumors were more frequently BRAF mutated (p&lt;0.001) and the association was still significant when adjusting for mucinous histology (p=0.001). There was a trend in the association between mucinous and side (p=0.082). At a multivariate analysis, pts with right-side primary were at higher risk of progression (HR=1.88 [95%CI: 1.25-2.84], p=0.0026) and death (HR=2.07 [95%CI: 1.23-3.49], p=0.006). At a prespecified analysis in the subgroup of non-mucinous and BRAF wild-type tumors, pts with right-side primary achieved median PFS and OS of 10.0 and 28.9 mos compared to 13.0 and 47.6 mos of left-side (PFS, right vs left: HR=1.87 [95%CI: 1.19-2.91], p=0.003; OS: HR=1.91 [95%CI: 1.07-3.39], p=0.022). This was again confirmed in a multivariate model. Conclusions: These data underline a possible strong impact of side on the outcome of mCRC treated with first-line FOLFIRI plus bevacizumab. To give a biological explanation for these results, a GWAS on germinal DNA and gene-expression analyses on tumors are ongoing. In order to clarify the prognostic vs predictive role to antiangiogenic treatments of this feature analyses from 2 phase III randomized trials have been planned.
The Outcome Of Patients With Post Transplant and Immunodeficiency Associated Lymphoproliferative Disorder: The BCCA Experience
Authors: Amrit Kahlon, Graham W. Slack, Yuhua Sun, Richard Klasa, Laurie H. Sehn, Diego Villa, Tamara Shenkier, Randy D. Gascoyne, Joseph M. Connors, Kerry J. Savage
Journal: Blood (2013)
Erlotinib at a dose of 25 mg daily for non-small cell lung cancers with EGFR mutations.
Authors: W. Yeo, G. J. Riely, B. Yeap, M. W. Lau, J. Warner, K. A. Bodio, M. G. Kris, W. Pao, S. Kobayashi, D. B. Costa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

7572 Background: The tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) gefitinib and erlotinib are effective in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutations. The usual clinical dose of gefitinib (250 mg/day) is only one third of its maximum tolerated dose (MTD), while the dose of erlotinib (150 mg/day) is at its MTD. In NSCLC cell lines both TKIs have similar micromolar (μ M) inhibitory concentrations. We explored if erlotinib at 25 mg/day (trough serum concentration similar to gefitinib 250 mg/day) would be efficacious in EGFR mutated NSCLC. Methods: To study inhibitory concentrations of gefitinib and erlotinib, we exposed EGFR mutated cell lines (HCC827, H3255, PC-9, H1975) to increasing concentrations of these TKIs. Further on, we performed a retrospective evaluation of seven patients with advanced EGFR mutated (exon 19 deletions and L858R) NSCLC that were given erlotinib at 25 mg/day as their first EGFR TKI. Results: Gefitinib and erlotinib generated similar inhibitory curves across our panel of EGFR mutated NSCLC cell lines with overlapping mean IC50 95% confidence intervals (CI) for HCC827, PC-9 and H1975. Both drugs also displayed a high degree of correlation in mean IC50 (Pearson's r = 0.99, p = 0.0417). Of the 7 patients, 5 (71.5%) had partial responses to erlotinib 25 mg/day. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 17 months (95% CI, 6 months – not reached). Toxicities were minimal with only 2 (28.5%) patients having a rash and none experiencing (0%) diarrhea. Conclusions: In patients with NSCLC and EGFR activating mutations, a dose of erlotinib 25 mg/day leads to impressive response rates and PFS similar to the growing experience with gefitinib 250 mg/day and erlotinib 150 mg/day. Identifying prospectively the clinically active dose ranges of erlotinib and gefitinib will help further personalize care for patients with tumors harboring EGFR mutations. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration MolecularMD
Female doctors and scientists in US lag in faculty promotions and research funding, studies find
Authors: Michael McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Female doctors who are on the faculty of US medical schools are substantially less likely than men to be full professors, even after accounting for factors such as age, specialty, and measures of research productivity, a new US study has found. A second study found that female junior scientists conducting basic research received significantly less start-up funding from their institutions than did men. The studies were published in the 15 September issue of JAMA .

For the first study Anupam Jena, of Harvard Medical School in Boston, Massachusetts, and colleagues analyzed a database of 91 073 physician faculty members.1 The database included detailed information on their sex, age, years since residency completion, specialty, scientific authorship, National Institutes of …
Effects of Antileukemic Agents on the Respiratory Activity of Murine Lymphocytic Leukemia L12102
Authors: Michael T. Goodman, Roser M. Folk, G. Adolph Ackerman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

The effects of antileukemic agents on the respiratory activity, viability, and morphology of murine lymphocytic leukemia L1210 were investigated. Oxygen consumption rates of a standard concentration (30X106 cells/ml) of leukemic cells were monitored after 1 hour of incubation in vitro at 37° C with antileukemic agents of the nitrogen mustard (mechlorethamine, chlorambucil, cyclophosphamide), methanesulfonate (busulfan), and nitrosourea (NSC 409962, NSC 93184, NSC 95441, NSC 88104, NSC 84954) classes by use of an oxygen electrode system. These rates were compared to the oxygen consumption rates of suspensions exposed to buffer control media. Mechlorethamine, chlorambucil, and each nitrosourea compound produced a significant, dose-dependent depression in respiratory activity, whereas cyclophosphamide and busulfan failed to affect cell respiration, even at high dose levels. Impairment of cell viability was dose dependent and correlated with changes in oxygen uptake but was proportionately less than the degree of depression in oxygen utilization. Morphologic alterations characterized by mitochondrial damage, cytoplasmic vacuolization, and increased cellular adhesion paralleled inhibition of oxidative metabolism and loss of cell viability. This study indicates that oxygen probe analysis might facilitate evaluation of the antitumor potential of antileukemic agents.
EULAR recommendations for the management of familial Mediterranean fever
Authors: Seza Ozen, Erkan Demirkaya, Burak Erer, Avi Livneh, Eldad Ben-Chetrit, Gabriella Giancane, Huri Ozdogan, Illana Abu, Marco Gattorno, Philip N Hawkins, Sezin Yuce, Tilmann Kallinich, Yelda Bilginer, Daniel Kastner, Loreto Carmona
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is the most common monogenic autoinflammatory disease, but many rheumatologists are not well acquainted with its management. The objective of this report is to produce evidence-based recommendations to guide rheumatologists and other health professionals in the treatment and follow-up of patients with FMF. A multidisciplinary panel, including rheumatologists, internists, paediatricians, a nurse, a methodologist and a patient representative, was assembled. Panellists came from the Eastern Mediterranean area, Europe and North America. A preliminary systematic literature search on the pharmacological treatment of FMF was performed following which the expert group convened to define aims, scope and users of the guidelines and established the need for additional reviews on controversial topics. In a second meeting, recommendations were discussed and refined in light of available evidence. Finally, agreement with the recommendations was obtained from a larger group of experts through a Delphi survey. The level of evidence (LoE) and grade of recommendation (GR) were then incorporated. The final document comprises 18 recommendations, each presented with its degree of agreement (0–10), LoE, GR and rationale. The degree of agreement was greater than 7/10 in all instances. The more controversial statements were those related to follow-up and dose change, for which supporting evidence is limited. A set of widely accepted recommendations for the treatment and monitoring of FMF is presented, supported by the best available evidence and expert opinion. It is believed that these recommendations will be useful in guiding physicians in the care of patients with FMF.
A Rapid Neutralization Test for Antibodies to Bovine Leukemia Virus, With the Use of Rhabdovirus Pseudotypes
Authors: J Závada, L Cerný, Z Závadová, J Bozonová, A D Altstein
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

Two rhabdoviruses, vesicular stomatitis (type Indiana) and Chandipura viruses, formed pseudotype particles with envelope antigens provided by bovine leukemia virus (BLV). The pseudotypes are infectious for calf, human, mink, and rat cells, but the most sensitive indicator proved to be the Vero cells. Infectivity of the pseudotypes was increased by DEAE-dextran present during adsorption. Sera of spontaneously infected cattle contained high titers (some over 1/10,000) of antibodies neutralizing the pseudotypes, whereas sera of cattle from uninfected herds possessed no neutralizing activity in 1/10 dilution. The neutralization of these pseudotypes can serve as a rapid and sensitive test for the detection of antibodies in the cattle infected with BLV.
Prognostic impact of postoperative radiation in patients with radical esophagectomy and pathologic lymph nodes positive esophageal cancer.
Authors: Yaping Xu, Xiaojiang Sun, Yuanda Zheng
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

101 Background: Though postoperative radiation for esophageal cancer is offered in selected cases, there is conﬂicting evidence as to whether it improves overall survival (OS). We performed a retrospective investigation to analyze the prognosis impact of adjuvant radiation in a large cohort of patients. Methods: From 2002 to 2008, 545 patients underwent radical esophagectomy (R0) with or without postoperative radiation were eligible for retrospectively analysis. Patients were grouped to surgery only (n=346) and surgery plus postoperative radiation therapy (PORT) (n=199). Radiation dose was 50 Gy in 25 fractions. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analysis were used to compare OS. Results: The use of PORT was associated with signiﬁcantly improved OS ( p =0.006). The median OS was 31 months in the group receiving PORT and 21 months in the group undergoing surgery alone. The addition of PORT improved OS at 3 years from 38.3 to 45.8% compared with surgery alone. For American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage III esophageal cancer (T1-2N2M0, T3N1-2M0, T4N1-3M0), there was signiﬁcant improvement on OS ( p &lt; 0.001) in PORT group, for not only metastatic lymph-node ratio &lt;0.25 ( p = 0.047), but also metastatic lymph-node ratio &gt;0.25 ( p = 0.013). However, for stages IIB disease (T1-2N1M0) there was no signiﬁcant differences. Conclusions: This large population-based analysis supports the use of PORT for pathologic lymph nodes positive stage III esophageal cancer. Our results suggest that a subset of such patients may benefit from aggressive local therapy.
The triple-negative (TN) treatment approach in Italy, from NEMESI, a retrospective observational study on early breast cancer (EBC) management.
Authors: M. Clavarezza, P. Pronzato, G. Altavilla, D. Amoroso, E. Simoncini, V. Lorusso, F. Testore, A. Bologna, D. Dondi, G. Mustacchi, S. Supekar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e11037 Background: The optimal adjuvant treatment approach for TN EBC is not clear. NEMESI assessed the clinical practices adopted by Italian Oncologists with regard to EBC. Methods: The retrospective study included at least 1,500 cases, derived from 30 consecutive patients undergoing adjuvant treatment for EBC between January 1st and June 30th, 2008, in each of 50 Italian Oncology Centers licensed by the Italian Association of Medical Oncology and distributed in northern, central, and southern Italy with institution types, IRCCS, private, universities, and hospitals. Inclusion criteria: age ≥18 years, surgery for EBC, histological diagnosis (stage I-II TNM AJCC version VI), at least one cycle of adjuvant chemotherapy, and/or hormone therapy. TN definition: ER and PgR <10% by IHC and HER2<3+ by IHC and/or FISH not amplified. Results: A total of 1,895 patients from 63 centers have been included; data are presented for 1,542 patients. The TN status was available for 11.9% of patients (183/1542), with primitive tumor median dimension of 2.1 cm, and the following pT status: pT1mic+pT1a+pT1b+pT1c: 60.1% (14.2% <1 cm); pT2/pT3/pT4b: 39.9%. 22.4% of TN had ER1-9%. All 183 TN patients received treatment, of whom 162 (88.5%) received chemotherapy. Anthracycline and taxane regimens were used in 46 (25.1%) patients, of whom 78.2% received docetaxel. The most frequently used regimens were AC/EC or FEC followed by docetaxel (30/46; 65.2%). Conclusions: Treatment of TN EBC is influenced by recurrence risk pN 2-3 stages. In the pN0 category anthracycline regimens were the most prevalent EC/AC or FEC followed by docetaxel was the most used anthracycline-taxane chemotherapy. The use of anthracycline-taxane combinations increases with risk. Study sponsored by sanofi-aventis Italy. pN CMF-like Anthracyclines Anthracyclines + taxanes Taxanes N N % N % N % N % pN0 21 19.6 60 56.6 21 19.8 5 4.0 107 pN1 8 4.6 17 38.6 17 38.6 2 4.5 44 pN2 1 14.3 1 14.3 5 71.4 0 0.0 7 pN3 0 0.0 0 0.0 3 75.0 1 25.0 4 Total 30 18.4 78 48.1 46 28.2 8 5.3 162 Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration sanofi-aventis
Salivary Biomarkers for Detection of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a Taiwanese Population
Authors: Frederico Omar Gleber-Netto, Maha Yakob, Feng Li, Ziding Feng, Jianliang Dai, Huang-Kai Kao, Yu-Liang Chang, Kai-Ping Chang, David T.W. Wong
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

This study evaluated the discriminatory power of salivary transcriptomic and proteomic biomarkers in distinguishing oral squamous cell carcinoma cases from controls and potentially malignant oral disorders (PMOD).A total of 180 samples (60 OSCC patients, 60 controls, and 60 PMOD patients) were used in the study. Seven transcriptomic markers (IL8, IL1β, SAT1, OAZ1, DUSP1, S100P, and H3F3A) were measured using qPCR, and two proteomic markers (IL8 and IL1β) were evaluated by ELISA.Among 7 transcriptomic markers, transcript level of DUSP1 was significantly lower in OSCC patients than in controls and PMOD patients. Between the proteomic markers, the protein concentration of IL8 and IL1β was significantly higher in OSCC patients than controls and dysplasia patients. Univariate fractional polynomial (FP) models revealed that salivary IL8 protein (IL8p) has the highest AUC value between OSCC patients and controls (0.74) and between OSCC and PMOD patients (0.72). Applying a 2-marker FP model, salivary IL8p combined with IL1β gave the best AUC value for discrimination between OSCC patients and controls, as well as the IL8p combined with H3F3A mRNA, which gave the best AUC value for discrimination between OSCC and PMOD patients. Multivariate models analysis combining salivary analytes and risk factor exposure related to oral carcinogenesis formed the best combinatory variables for differentiation between OSCC versus PMOL (AUC = 0.80), OSCC versus controls (AUC = 0.87), and PMOD versus controls (AUC = 0.78).The combination of transcriptomic and proteomic salivary markers is of great value for oral cancer detection and differentiation from PMOD patients and controls. Clin Cancer Res; 22(13); 3340-7. ©2016 AACR.
A Clinicopathological Study of Small Intestinal Perforations in Patients with Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis
Authors: Shin Saito, Kentaro Kurashina, Shiro Matsumoto, Yasunaru Sakuma, Seiji Minota, Masahiro Iwamoto, Daisuke Matsubara, Noriyoshi Fukushima, Hisanaga Horie, Yoshinori Hosoya, Alan K. Lefor, Naohiro Sata
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Co-expression of ErbB-4 and ErbB-2 in prostate cancer: In vitro and clinical studies
Authors: D. Sarid, A. Vexler, A. Starr, S. Marmor, M. Inbar, R. Ben-Yosef
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

9646 Background: Clinical and experimental data suggest that ErbB family is involved in both cancer progression and treatment response. The expression rate of ErbB-2 in prostate cancer ranged from 8 to 15% in various studies and no data is available for ErbB-4. Methods: We evaluated the expression of ErbB-4 and ErbB-2 in specimens of prostate cancer patients by using imunnohistochemistry (IHC) (polyclonal antibody, Santa Cruz, CA). In addition, we tested several prostate cancer cell lines for ErbB-4 expression using both IHC and immunoprecipitation (IP) techniques and their proliferation rate using XTT test. Results: Twenty-nine patients were enrolled to this study. Nineteen patients have a Gleason score of 5–7 and 10 patients have a score of 8–10. PSA at diagnosis was 20 in 17, 5 and 7 patients respectively. ErbB-2 expression (weakly positive) was documented in only 3 (3/29, 10%) patients. ErbB-4 expression was highly positive in 9 (9/29, 31%) patients, moderately and weakly positive in 5 (5/29, 17%) patients each, and negative in the remaining 10 (10/29, 35%) patients. Comparison between patients with ErbB-4 positive (n=14) and ErbB-4 negative (n=15) staining revealed similar distribution of Gleason score and PSA levels. Three prostate cancer cell lines (PC3, Du145 and CL-1) demonstrated positive expression of ErbB-4 tested by both IHC and IP. Seven cell clones derived from CL-1 prostate cancer cell line showed different expression of ErbB-4 that ranged from negative to highly positive staining. There was a high correlation (r=0.85) between the positive expression and the proliferation rate of these Cl-1 sub-clones. Conclusions: High expression of ErbB-4 and low expression of ErbB-2 was found in prostate cancer patients. There is no correlation between high Gleason score/high PSA level and ErbB-4 positive expression. High expression of ErbB-4 in cell lines is in correlation with high proliferation rate. These clinical and laboratory findings suggested that ErbB-4 may have an important role in prostate cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Physical activity level and the slow gait speed phenotype in COPD
Authors: Jane L. Canavan, Samantha S.C. Kon, Mehul S. Patel, Sarah E. Jones, Claire M. Nolan, Amy L. Clark, Michael I. Polkey, William D.-C. Man
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Introduction   Usual gait  is a predictor of adverse outcomes in community dwelling older adults (Studenski 2011). We have recently described the  gait speed phenotype (usual walking     Aims and objectives   To determine if COPD patients with a slow usual four metre gait  (4MGS) have reduced PA levels compared with those with preserved gait speed.   Methods   In 125 COPD patients, spirometry, incremental shuttle walk (ISW), 4MGS, MRC Dyspnoea score (MRC), St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) and PA using an accelerometer (SWA: Sensewear®) were measured. Indices of PA included average daily step count, time spent and active energy expenditure in moderate intensity. Patients were stratified according to 4MGS (slow:  0.80m/s). Between groups comparisons were made using Mann Whitney tests.   Results   Daily SWA wear time was >23 hours. Data is presented as median (25 th , 75 th  percentiles). Slow gait  patients (n=29) had significantly reduced ISW (115m (80, 165) vs. 290m (220, 380) p   Conclusion   The  gait speed phenotype is associated with significantly reduced PA in COPD.
EUROCHIP: Cancer health indicators
Authors: I. H. Kunkler, F. Berrino, P. Baili, A. Micheli
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

6131 Background: In spite of the importance of cancer in Europe (2.6 million new cases per year), a European cancer monitoring system has not yet been implemented. A large-scale Health Monitoring Programme (HMP) of EU health indicators for all diseases has been established. Aim: to produce a comprehensive list of health indicators in 4 domains (prevention, epidemiology, screening, treatment and clinical aspects) pertaining to cancer as a contribution to the HMP. Its final goal will be to find information able to describe differences and also to promote actions that would reduce inequalities in cancer management. Methods: prioritisation of health indicators by 130 experts (clinicians, epidemiologists, economists, policy makers) in all EU countries with support of a methodology group. Final list drawn from maximum consensus for each indicator. Results: High priority given to: Prevention: indicators on lifestyle (diet, alcohol consumption, smoking, physical activity, occupational and environmental exposure to carcinogens); Epidemiology: cancer incidence, prevalence, survival and mortality, and stage of cancer disease for a group of major cancer sites; Prediagnostic phase (screening): diffusion in the population of mass screening tests for breast, colo-rectal and cervical cancers; Treatment: delay in cancer diagnosis, diffusion of best oncology practice and diffusion of the radiation equipment in the population. EUROCHIP-2 aims to extend the EUROCHIP system to a larger network of all EU countries, check quality and standardisation of available cancer data, initiate data collection in new areas to improve international comparisons. Conclusion: EUROCHIP has produced the first comprehensive health monitoring indicators for cancer in Europe. No significant financial relationships to disclose.