tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Gut microbiota produce alcohol and contribute to NAFLD
Authors: Lixin Zhu, Robert D Baker, Ruixin Zhu, Susan S Baker
Journal: Gut (2016)

The hypothesis that alcohol metabolism contributes to the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) dates back to 2000 when Cope et al 1 reported elevated alcohol concentration in the breath of ob/ob mice and demonstrated that breath alcohol concentration can be reduced by gut microbial intervention with neomycin. In the last 15 years, accumulating evidence in support of this hypothesis has been reported by several groups (reviewed at ref. 2), including the group led by Bergheim, who first reported elevated serum alcohol in NAFLD.3 Previous studies indicated that the elevated alcohol level in NAFLD is associated with increased representation of alcohol producing bacteria in the gut microbiome.4 ,5 However, a recent report by Bergheim and her colleagues suggested a very different mechanism for the …
The angiotensin receptor-associated protein Atrap is a stimulator of the cardiac Ca<sup>2+</sup>-ATPase SERCA2a
Authors: Katharina Mederle, Bernhard Gess, Florentina Pluteanu, Jelena Plackic, Klaus-Jürgen Tiefenbach, Alexandra Grill, Jens Kockskämper, Hayo Castrop
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2016)

The angiotensin II type 1 receptor-associated protein (Atrap) is highly expressed in the heart, but its function in the heart is unknown. We hypothesized that cardiac Atrap may interact with proteins other than the AT1 receptor. To identify potential novel interacting partners of Atrap, pull-down assays were performed. Sequencing by MALDI-MS of the isolated complexes showed that Atrap interacts with the cardiac Ca2+-ATPase SERCA2a. The interaction between Atrap and SERCA2a was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation and by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy. Atrap enhanced the SERCA-dependent Ca2+ uptake in isolated SR membrane vesicles. Furthermore, sarcomere shortenings and [Ca2+]i transients (CaTs) were determined in ventricular myocytes isolated from Atrap−/− and wild-type (WT) mice. The amplitudes of CaTs and sarcomere shortenings were similar in Atrap−/− and WT myocytes. However, the CaT decay and sarcomere re-lengthening were prolonged in Atrap−/− myocytes. To further evaluate the functional relevance of the Atrap-SERCA2a interaction in vivo, left-ventricular function was assessed in WT and Atrap−/− mice. The heart rates (564 ± 10 b.p.m. vs. 560 ± 11 b.p.m.; P = 0.80) and ejection fractions (71.3 ± 1.3 vs. 72 ± 1.8%; P = 0.79) were similar in WT and Atrap−/− mice, respectively (n = 15 for each genotype). However, the maximum filling rate (dV/dtmax) was markedly decreased in Atrap−/− (725 ± 48 µL/s) compared with WT mice (1065 ± 122 µL/s; P = 0.01; n = 15). We identified Atrap as a novel regulatory protein of the cardiac Ca2+-ATPase SERCA2a. We suggest that Atrap enhances the activity of SERCA2a and, consequently, facilitates ventricular relaxation.
Somatic Activating Mutations In CXCR4 Are Common In Patients With Waldenstrom’s Macroglobulinemia, and Their Expression In WM Cells Promotes Resistance To Ibrutinib
Authors: Yang Cao, Zachary Hunter, Xia Liu, Lian Xu, Guang Yang, Christina K Tripsas, Robert Manning, Christopher Patterson, Steven Peter Treon
Journal: Blood (2013)
Carcinogenicity Test of Two Unsaturated Derivatives of N -Nitrosopiperidine in Sprague-Dawley Rats 2
Authors: William Lijinsky, H. Wayne Taylor
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

Journal Article Carcinogenicity Test of Two Unsaturated Derivatives of N-Nitrosopiperidine in Sprague-Dawley Rats Get access William Lijinsky, William Lijinsky 3Carcinogenesis Program, Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn. 37830 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar H. Wayne Taylor H. Wayne Taylor 3Carcinogenesis Program, Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn. 37830 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 57, Issue 6, December 1976, Pages 1315–1317, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/57.6.1315 Published: 01 December 1976 Article history Received: 15 March 1976 Revision received: 25 May 1976 Published: 01 December 1976
Relationship Between Thiol Depletion and Chemosensitization in a Transplantable Murine Bladder Tumor&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: P Tomashefsky, M Astor, R D White
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

The effect of pretreating the C3H/He mouse MBT-2 tumor with diethyl maleate (DEM), buthionine-S R-sulfoximine (BSO), or misonidazole (MISO) before administration of cyclophosphamide (CTX) was studied with the use of tumor volume-doubling time delay as an endpoint. The kinetics of glutathione (GSH) depletion and regeneration in the tumor and in the host liver were determined after treatment with the thiol-depleting agents. CTX was administered at appropriate time points. MISO was the most effective chemosensitizer at a time point at which tumor GSH content was 80-85% of the control value. Both BSO and DEM were chemosensitizers in relation to the degree they had reduced tumor GSH levels. This chemosensitization was significant at 50% GSH reduction. By combining MISO and BSO at doses lower than previously used for each agent alone, highly effective sensitization of subsequent CTX was obtained.
CORONARY PRESSURE-FLOW DIAGRAMS DURING MAXIMAL VASODILATION AS ASSESSED BY TRANSESOPHAGEAL DOPPLER OF LEFT CORONARY-ARTERY - A NEW TOOL FOR EVALUATION OF ABSOLUTE CORONARY FLOW RESERVE
Authors: C Palombo, M Kozakova, C Vassalle, A Distante, Labbate
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1994)
Increased Oncogenicity and Synthesis of Herpesvirus Antigens in Hamster Cells Exposed to Herpes Simplex Type-2 Virus
Authors: Lŭda Kutinová, Vladimír Vonka, Jaroslav Broucek
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

When cells of a continuous line derived from hamster embryo fibroblasts and oncogenic for hamsters were exposed to ultraviolet-irradiated herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), infectious virus and the development of persistently infected cultures resulted. The culture was freed of infectious HSV by addition of HSV antibody or by incubation of the cells at higher temperature. Either treatment permitted the isolation of cell lines (denoted TR cells) that carried HSV-associated antigens and possessed an increased oncogenic potential for hamsters. HSV-associated antigens in TR cells were deteded by demonstration of HSV-neutralizing antibody in hamsters bearing tumors induced by TR cells. The neutralizing antibody was specific for type 2. All attempts to induce infectious HSV formation have failed. The possibility, that the mechanisms restricting HSV infection in the persistently infected culture may be paralleled in vivo by host defense reactions, was discussed.
Presence of renal artery stenosis may indicate risk
Authors: C. G Missouris, T. Buckenham, G. A Macgregor
Journal: BMJ (1996)

EDITOR,—N Mamode and colleagues' finding of an increased incidence of perioperative myocardial infarction in patients undergoing peripheral vascular surgery is important.1 The authors fail to point out, however, that these patients, in addition to having coronary artery disease, also have generalised vascular disease, which often affects the renal2 3 and carotid arteries. This may have important …
Asthmatics with high levels of serum surfactant protein D have more severe disease
Authors: Alida Benfante, Salvatore Battaglia, Stefania Principe, Chiara Di Mitri, Alessandra Paternò, Mario Spatafora, Nicola Scichilone
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2016)

Pulmonary surfactant is a mixture of lipids and surfactant-specific proteins that covers the alveolar surface, as well as the terminal conducting airways, lowering the surface tension at the air–liquid interface during breathing. The involvement of pulmonary surfactant in the pathophysiology of asthma has been suggested [1–4]. An interesting working hypothesis is that the surface tension of the peripheral airways is altered in asthma, because the inflammatory process affects the structure and function of surfactant, leading to excessive airway narrowing and features of air trapping. We explored whether serum levels of surfactant protein D (SP-D) in asthmatics are related to the severity of the disease. In addition, we aimed to assess whether serum SP-D correlated with functional abnormalities of peripheral airways. Serum surfactant protein D could serve as a biomarker of small airways damage and severity of asthma <http://ow.ly/YdeG9>
Psychiatric Diagnoses and Comorbidities in a Diverse, Multicity Cohort of Young Transgender Women
Authors: Sari L. Reisner, Katie B. Biello, Jaclyn M. White Hughto, Lisa Kuhns, Kenneth H. Mayer, Robert Garofalo, Matthew J. Mimiaga
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2016)

Transgender youth, including adolescent and young adult transgender women assigned a male sex at birth who identify as girls, women, transgender women, transfemale, male-to-female, or another diverse transfeminine gender identity, represent a vulnerable population at risk for negative mental health and substance use outcomes. Diagnostic clinical interviews to assess prevalence of mental health, substance dependence, and comorbid psychiatric disorders in young transgender women remain scarce. To report the prevalence of mental health, substance dependence, and comorbid psychiatric disorders assessed via clinical diagnostic interview in a high-risk community-recruited sample of young transgender women. Observational study reporting baseline finding from a diverse sample of 298 sexually active, young transgender women aged 16 through 29 years (mean age, 23.4 years; 49.0% black, 12.4% Latina, 25.5% white, and 13.1% other minority race/ethnicity) and enrolled in Project LifeSkills, an ongoing randomized controlled HIV prevention intervention efficacy trial in Chicago and Boston, between 2012 and 2015. Transfeminine gender identity. Age- and site-adjusted prevalence and comorbidities of mental health and substance dependence disorders assessed via the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview, including 1 or more diagnoses, 2 or more comorbid diagnoses, major depressive episode (current and lifetime), past 30-day suicidal risk (no/low risk vs moderate/high risk), past 6-month generalized anxiety disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder, and past 12-month alcohol dependence and nonalcohol psychoactive substance use dependence. Of the 298 transgender women, 41.5% of participants had 1 or more mental health or substance dependence diagnoses; 1 in 5 (20.1%) had 2 or more comorbid psychiatric diagnoses. Prevalence of specific disorders was as follows: lifetime and current major depressive episode, 35.4% and 14.7%, respectively; suicidality, 20.2%; generalized anxiety disorder, 7.9%; posttraumatic stress disorder, 9.8%; alcohol dependence, 11.2%; and nonalcohol psychoactive substance use dependence, 15.2%. Prevalence of psychiatric diagnoses was high in this community-recruited sample of young transgender women. Improving access to routine primary care, diagnostic screening, psychotherapy, and pharmacologic treatments, and retention in care in clinical community-based, pediatric, and adolescent medicine settings are urgently needed to address mental health and substance dependence disorders in this population. Further research will be critical, particularly longitudinal studies across development, to understand risk factors and identify optimal timing and targets for psychosocial interventions.
Photokeratitis Linked to Metal Halide Bulbs in Two Gymnasiums — Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 2011 and 2013
Authors: Lauren E. Finn, Jennifer Gutowski, Steve Alles, Naomi Mirowitz, Caroline Johnson, Kevin C. Osterhoudt, Ami Patel
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2016)

In December 2011 and December 2013, the Philadelphia Department of Public Health (PDPH) received separate reports of clusters of photokeratitis linked to gymnasium events. Photokeratitis, a painful eye condition resulting from unprotected exposure to ultraviolet radiation, has previously been linked to metal halide lamps with broken outer envelopes (1,2). To investigate the cause of these clusters and further characterize patients with photokeratitis, PDPH administered questionnaires to potentially exposed persons, established a case definition, and conducted environmental assessments of both gymnasiums. Because event attendee registration information was available, a cohort study was conducted to evaluate the 2011 cluster of 242 persons who met the photokeratitis case definition. A case-series investigation was conducted to evaluate the 2013 cluster of 20 persons who met the photokeratitis case definition for that event. These investigations indicated that Type R metal halide bulbs with broken outer envelopes found in both gymnasiums were the probable cause of the photokeratitis. The Food and Drug Administration has made a number of recommendations regarding the use of metal halide bulbs in facilities where bulbs are at elevated risk for breaking, such as schools and indoor sports facilities (3). Because Type R metal halide lamps do not self-extinguish once the outer envelope is broken, these bulbs should be removed from settings with a high risk for outer envelope rupture, such as gymnasiums, or should be placed within enclosed fixtures. In instances where these bulbs cannot be exchanged for self-extinguishing lamps, Type R lamps with a broken outer envelope should be replaced immediately to limit exposure to ultraviolet radiation. A broken outer envelope can be detected by the presence of glass on the floor, or visual examination of the bulb when the power is turned off. A broken outer envelope is difficult to detect when the lamp is emitting light.
Treosulfan Based Myeloablative Regimen Provides High Rate Of Allogeneic Engraftment and Low Toxicity In Patients With Advanced Myelofibrosis,
Authors: Simone Claudiani, Francesca Lunghi, Fabio Giglio, Giorgia Levati, Maria Teresa Lupo Stanghellini, Sarah Marktel, Matteo Carrabba, Chiara Bonini, Consuelo Corti, Magda Marcatti, Massimo Bernardi, Jacopo Peccatori, Fabio Ciceri
Journal: Blood (2013)
MCP-1-induced ERK/GSK-3β/Snail signaling facilitates the epithelial–mesenchymal transition and promotes the migration of MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cells
Authors: Shun Li, Juan Lu, Yu Chen, Niya Xiong, Li Li, Jing Zhang, Hong Yang, Chunhui Wu, Hongjuan Zeng, Yiyao Liu
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2016)
Comparison of respiratory virus infection between human nasal epithelial cell monolayer and air-liquid interface 3D culture
Authors: Kazuhiro Ito, Song Huang, Samuel Constant
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

RATIONAL  Viral infection has been implicated in exacerbations of COPD and asthma, and appropriate in vitro model is required to evaluate infectious mechanism and the efficacies of new therapy. In this study, we compared the replication of virus, such as human rhinovirus (HRV16), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV A2) and influenza virus (WSN33, H1N1) in 3D culture air-liquid interface human nasal epithelial cells (NEC-3D) and NEC monolayer culture (NEC-M).   Methods:  HRV16 (1MOI) and RSVA2 (0.1 MOI) (both from ATCC) and WSN33 (1 MOI) (HPA, UK) were infected to normal NEC-3D (Epithelix Sarl, MuciAir®) and NEC-M (Epithelix), and washed out with PBS after 1hr virus absorption. The cells were incubated further up to 10 days. The virus titre in culture supernatant was measured by serial dilutions CPE assay in Hela cells for HRV16, in Hep2 cells for RSV and MDCK cells for H1N1. The results were shown as Log, TCID 50  value/20uL. IL-8 was determined by ELISA.   Results:  HRV16 replicated in NEC-M and the TCID 50  was 3 at maximum. In contrast, HRV16 replicated well in NEC-3D, and TCID 50  reached to 6.3 at Day 6 post-infection. RSV A2 replicated well in both cells with peak TCID 50  of 4 in NEC-M and 5.3 in NEC-3D. WSN33 only weakly replicated in NEC-M with peak TCID 50  of 2, but it replicated well in NEC-3D with peak TCID 50  of 6.8 at Day 5. All virus induced IL-8 production by less than 10 fold in NEC-M and by 400 fold in NEC-3D over baseline.   Conclusions:  All respiratory virus used in this study replicated more in NEC-3D than NEC-M. This unique and robust 3D culture cell system (MuciAir®) will be a better in vitro model for evaluation of respiratory virus infection.
Aging and Cancerigenesis. II. Effect of Age on Phagocytic Activity of the Reticuloendothelial System and on Tumor Growth2
Authors: Tadao Aoki, Morris N. Teller, Mary-Lynn Robitaille
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1965)

A possible correlation between aging, phagocytic capacity of the reticuloendothelial system and growth of Ehrlich ascites tumor was studied in female Swiss ICR/Ha mice. In untreated mice, the phagocytic index K for clearance of colloidal carbon was greater in young adults (3 months old) than in older (8 or 18 months old) animals. Zymosan treatment caused the most significant increase in phagocytic activity in 3-month-old mice and least in 18-month-old mice. Intraperitoneal transplants of Ehrlich ascites tumor resulted in the most rapid proliferation in 18-month-old mice; the 3-month-oid animals maintained the largest K during tumor growth. Ehrlich ascites grew in all 8- and 18-month-old mice treated with zymosan, but was rejected in 6 of 41 young adults similarly treated. In this experiment, K for 3-month-old mice peaked a second time before decreasing gradually to its base level, in contrast to the maintenance of a moderately high phagocytic index in mice treated similarly with zymosan but not inoculated with tumor. Carbon clearance for the 8- and 18-month-old mice resembled that seen previously with zymosan alone.
PWE-198 Enhanced recovery after hepatobiliary surgery
Authors: M Jones, AR Dennison, C Pollard, S Noble, G Garcea
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Enhanced recovery (ER) pathways are well established in colorectal surgery. Application of the ER methods are becoming more common place in the field of hepatobiliary surgery. <h3>Method</h3> A prospective database was maintained of patients undergoing liver or pancreas resections after implementation of an ER protocol. This data was compared with a historical cohort from before implementation of the protocol. <h3>Results</h3> One hundred and three liver resection patients (88 open and 15 laparoscopic resections) and 67 pancreas resection patients (all open) were compared with 100 historical patients (50 liver resections and 50 pancreas resections). The overall length of stay was significantly decreased from 10 to 7 days after liver resection (p = 0.0293) and from 14 to 10 days after pancreatic resection (p = 0.0002) in patients following the ER protocol. The readmission rate was similiar pre and post intervention in both liver and pancreas resection cohorts (6.0% to 5.6% and 8.0% to 7.5% respectively). The overall mortality rate after implementation of the ER protocol was 0%. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This series demonstrates a significant reduction in the overall length of stay following liver and pancreatic resections using an enhanced recovery protocol, without adversely affecting the readmission or mortality rate. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Protein-gold clusters-capped mesoporous silica nanoparticles for high drug loading, autonomous gemcitabine/doxorubicin co-delivery, and in-vivo tumor imaging
Authors: Jonas G. Croissant, Dingyuan Zhang, Shahad Alsaiari, Jie Lu, Lin Deng, Fuyuhiko Tamanoi, Abdulaziz M. AlMalik, Jeffrey I. Zink, Niveen M. Khashab
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2016)
Potential Association Between Atrial Fibrillation and Dementia—Reply
Authors: Frank J. Wolters, Renée F. A. G. de Bruijn, M. Arfan Ikram
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2016)

In Reply We thank Chen and colleagues for their interest in our work1 and are pleased that our report triggers debate about the optimal treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) to prevent dementia, in addition to stroke and other thromboembolic complications of AF.
Galactomannan in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in non-hematological patients
Authors: J. Fortún, P. Martín-Dávila, E. Gomez Garcia de la Pedrosa, J.T. Silva, J. Garcia-Rodríguez, D. Benito, E. Venanzi, F. Castaño, M. Fernández-Ruiz, F. Lazaro, R. García-Luján, I. Quiles, J.J. Cabanillas, S. Moreno, J.M. Aguado
Journal: Journal of Infection (2016)
Mode of Action of Selenium Inhibition of 7,12-Dimethylbenz[&lt;italic&gt;a&lt;/italic&gt;]anthracene-Induced Mouse Mammary Tumorigenesis&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: H W Lane, D Medina
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

Possible mechanisms for the inhibitory effect of selenium on mouse mammary gland tumorigenesis were evaluated in two different mouse models, in 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene [(DMBA) CAS:57-97-6]treated and hormonally stimulated mammary glands with two dietary levels of Se (0.2 and 2.0 ppm). In (C57BL X DBA/2f)F1 (BD2F1) and BALB/c strains of female mice, Se at 2.0 ppm decreased mammary tumor incidences by 36 and 68%, respectively. Selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in the mammary glands of BD2F1 female mice decreased at 6 months of age and then increased to the highest levels at 9 months of age. Mammary glands from DMBA-treated mice had lower GSH-Px activity than those from control mice. The increase of dietary Se to 2.0 ppm did not overcome this DMBA effect. These results indicate that GSH-Px activity does not correlate with the tumorigenic inhibitory effects of Se. In the hormonally stimulated mammary gland, increasing dietary Se to 2.0 ppm increased GSH-Px activity threefold and decreased mammary-gland-membrane-localized lipid peroxidation by 16%. In vitro peroxidation of hormonally stimulated mammary glands was inversely proportional to the level of GSH present in the incubation mixture. The marginal decrease in lipid peroxidation found in the mammary glands exposed to 2.0 ppm Se could not explain the inhibitory effect of Se on tumorigenesis.
Ability to form an alliance with the therapist: a possible marker of prognosis for patients with antisocial personality disorder
Authors: L Gerstley, A T McLellan, A I Alterman, G E Woody, L Luborsky, M Prout
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1989)

Antisocial personality disorder is generally perceived to be refractory to treatment, particularly psychotherapy. In this study, the ability of 48 patients with this disorder to form a working relationship with a psychotherapist or drug counselor was examined in relation to outcome of 24 weeks of treatment evaluated at 7-month follow-up. Some antisocial patients were able to form working relationships with their therapists, and there was a significant association between the ability to form such a relationship and treatment outcome. Measures of this ability, such as the Helping Alliance Questionnaire, may help identify antisocial patients who can benefit from psychotherapy.
Paul Ehrlich
Authors: H. Dale
Journal: BMJ (1954)

This week there was held, in Frankfurt-on-Main and in Marburg, a joint centenary commemoration of the births of Paul Ehrlich and Emil von Behring.They appear to have been born on successive days, March 14 and 15, 1854; but the combined celebration recog- nized also, of course, the fact that both had contributed to a great and historic achievement in medical science.Their direct association lasted, indeed, for only a few years; but their names will