tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Radio-frequency ablation (RFA) is equivalent in therapeutic effect but safer compared to microwave coagulation therapy (MCT) for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: T. Beppu, T. Masuda, T. Ishiko, H. Hayashi, S. Sugiyama, K. Doi, H. Takamori, K. Kanemitsu, M. Hirota, H. Baba
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

15064 Background: Radio-frequency ablation (RFA) and microwave coagulation therapy (MCT) have been developed as a useful locoregional treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It is still unclear which ablation therapy is superior for the patients with HCC, from the viewpoint of not only short term but also long term outcome. Methods: Between January 1991 and December 2005, 430 patients with HCC were treated with ablation therapy (230 RFA and 200 MCT) in our institution. Enroll criteria of this therapy were as follows; 1) unresectable HCCs, 2) each smaller than 3 cm, 3) up to three nodules, 4) without vascular invasion. Either percutaneous (P), endoscopic (E) or open (O) approach was selected individually based on location, size, number, or other factors. Treatment was repeated until complete ablation of HCC. Results: 1. Proportion of Child B or C was 62% and 60%; Stage III or IV was 56% and 58% in the patients with RFA and MCT, respectively. 2. Average tumor size and tumor number was 27mm/2.5 and 26mm/1.9 in the two groups. 3. Approaches were P: 55%, E: 33%, O: 12% in RFA and P: 48%, E: 30%, O: 22% in MCT. 4. Number of treatment was 1.1 in RFA and 1.2 in MCT. 5. Recurrence rate at the therapeutic site was 8% in RFA and 12% in MCT. Especially, endoscopic RFA provided a quite low recurrence rate (3%). 6. Cumulative 5-year survival was 52% versus 45% in the two groups. 7. Complication rate was significantly lower in RFA (5%) compared to MCT (11%). Intraabdominal tumor seeding (1% in MCT) and liver abscess formation (4% in MCT) was never encountered in RFA. Conclusions: Radio-frequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma is a safer procedure and can provide a similar favorable long- term prognosis compared to microwave coagulation therapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 15418: Long Term Air Pollution Exposure and Blood Pressure in the Sister Study
Authors: Victor C Van Hee, Stephanie H Chan, Adam A Szpiro, Assaf P Oron, Lisa A DeRoo, Stephanie J London, Joel D Kaufman, Dale P Sandler
Journal: Circulation (2012)

BACKGROUND: Exposure to air pollution has been associated with cardiovascular (CV) morbidity & mortality. There is evidence that acute exposure to fine particulate matter air pollution (PM2.5) and ...
Regulation of Myosin Phosphatase Through Phosphorylation of the Myosin-Binding Subunit in Platelet Activation
Authors: Keiji Nakai, Yoshinori Suzuki, Hisakazu Kihira, Hideo Wada, Masanori Fujioka, Masaaki Ito, Takeshi Nakano, Kozo Kaibuchi, Hiroshi Shiku, Masakatsu Nishikawa
Journal: Blood (1997)
A Federated Network for Translational Cancer Research Using Clinical Data and Biospecimens
Authors: Rebecca S. Jacobson, Michael J. Becich, Roni J. Bollag, Girish Chavan, Julia Corrigan, Rajiv Dhir, Michael D. Feldman, Carmelo Gaudioso, Elizabeth Legowski, Nita J. Maihle, Kevin Mitchell, Monica Murphy, Mayurapriyan Sakthivel, Eugene Tseytlin, JoEllen Weaver
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Advances in cancer research and personalized medicine will require significant new bridging infrastructures, including more robust biorepositories that link human tissue to clinical phenotypes and outcomes. In order to meet that challenge, four cancer centers formed the Text Information Extraction System (TIES) Cancer Research Network, a federated network that facilitates data and biospecimen sharing among member institutions. Member sites can access pathology data that are de-identified and processed with the TIES natural language processing system, which creates a repository of rich phenotype data linked to clinical biospecimens. TIES incorporates multiple security and privacy best practices that, combined with legal agreements, network policies, and procedures, enable regulatory compliance. The TIES Cancer Research Network now provides integrated access to investigators at all member institutions, where multiple investigator-driven pilot projects are underway. Examples of federated search across the network illustrate the potential impact on translational research, particularly for studies involving rare cancers, rare phenotypes, and specific biologic behaviors. The network satisfies several key desiderata including local control of data and credentialing, inclusion of rich phenotype information, and applicability to diverse research objectives. The TIES Cancer Research Network presents a model for a national data and biospecimen network. Cancer Res; 75(24); 5194–201. ©2015 AACR.
French parliament passes law to allow sedation at end of life
Authors: Anne Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2016)

France’s parliament has approved a law that will allow terminally ill patients to be put into deep sedation, stopping short of legalising assisted dying or euthanasia.

The law was introduced by two MPs: Alain Claeys, of the ruling Socialist Party, and Jean Leonetti, a cardiologist and member of the Union for a Popular Movement. It was passed by the upper and lower chambers of the National Assembly after a yearlong passage through parliament.

Patients will be able to request “deep and continued sedation, altering consciousness until death,” but only when …
Abstract 12169: LDL-C Levels and Treatment Patterns Among Adults With Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia in the United States: Data From the CASCADE-FH Registry
Authors: Emil M deGoma, Zahid S Ahmad, Emily O'Brien, Iris Kindt, Peter Shrader, Connie B Newman, Yashashwi Pokharel, Daniel J Rader, Patrick M Moriarty, Samuel S Gidding, P. Barton Duell, Michael D Shapiro, MacRae F Linton, Christie M Ballantyne, Danielle Duffy, Seth J Baum, Linda C Hemphill, William A Neal, Lisa C Hudgins, Catherine D Ahmed, Katherine A Wilemon, Matthew T Row, Joshua W Knowles
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: In the US, LDL-C levels and treatment patterns of patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) – a group prioritized for statin therapy in the 2013 ACC/AHA cholesterol guidelines – remain poorly described. In 2013 the FH Foundation launched the CAscade SCreening for Awareness and DEtection (CASCADE) of FH Registry, the only active US FH patient registry addressing this knowledge gap. Methods: We conducted a 2-year (2013-2015) cross-sectional analysis among 1,295 adults with heterozygous FH enrolled in the CASCADE FH Registry from 10 US lipid clinics. Results: Mean (SD) age at enrollment was 54 (16) years; mean age at FH diagnosis was 45 (19) years; 59% were female; and 80% were white. Mean pretreatment and post-treatment LDL-C levels were 256 (66) and 156 (71) mg/dl, respectively. At enrollment, 43% of patients were taking high-intensity statin therapy; 25% were not taking a statin; and 45% received &gt;1 LDL-lowering therapy. Among FH patients on LDL-lowering therapy, 25% achieved an LDL-C &lt;100 mg/dl, and 41% achieved a ≥50% LDL-C reduction (Table). Factors associated with a ≥50% LDL-C reduction included high-intensity statin use (adjusted OR 2.24, 95% CI 1.47-3.42) and use of &gt;1 LDL-lowering therapy (1.94, 1.29-2.93) (Figure). Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) was present in 37%, of whom 44% achieved a ≥50% LDL-C reduction and 9% achieved an LDL-C &lt;70 mg/dl. Conclusions: Despite the high prevalence of ASCVD, several care gaps exist for FH patients enrolled in the CASCADE US registry: lack of early diagnosis, insufficient use of high-intensity statin therapy, and failure to achieve adequate LDL-C reductions.
High Incidence of Ependymomas Induced by BK Virus, a Human Papovavirus: Brief Communication2
Authors: A. Corallini, G. Barbanti-Brodano, W. Bortoloni, W. Bortoloni, I. Nenci, E. Cassai, M. Tampieri, M. Portolani, M. Borgatti
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

Ependymomas were produced in 44 of 50 Syrian golden hamsters and in 9 of 31 outbred Swiss mice inoculated intracerebrally with high-titer, purified BK virus (BKV). Tumors contained a T-antigen that reacted with BKV-specific T-antibody in immunofluorescence and complement-fixation tests. A proportion of tumor-bearing animals had antibodies to BKV T-antigen in their sera. BKV could be rescued from two tumor cell lines by Sendal virus-mediated fusion with Vero cells. A low, or lack of, oncogenic activity was displayed by BKV inoculated sc, ip, or iv.
Somatic mutations in young-onset colorectal cancer unrelated to hereditary syndromes: A comparative study using high-depth targeted exome sequencing.
Authors: Y. Nancy You, Kyle Chang, Ken Chen, Amir Mehdizadeh, Amanda Cuddy, Christopher Hanyoung Lieu, Kenna Rael Shaw, Eduardo Vilar Sanchez, Cathy Eng
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

623 Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is being increasingly diagnosed among young adults, but known hereditary syndromes do not account for the majority of these cases. Young patients often present with metastatic disease and exhibit aggressive clinical courses. We aimed to elucidate the potentially unique biology of young-onset CRC. Methods: Patients diagnosed with metastatic CRC prior to age 40 without a known predisposing syndrome (young-onset) were compared to similar patients diagnosed after age 60 (later-onset). Primary and/or metastatic tumor tissues from 19 young- and 51 later-onset patients underwent targeted exome sequencing on a panel of 200 genes using Illumina HiSeq2000 performed by the Institute of Personalized Cancer Therapeutics of MD Anderson Cancer Center. Sequencing was to an average depth of 800x; single nucleotide variations (SNVs) were called according to in-house algorithms. Results: The median age of patients with young-onset CRCs was 34 years (interquartile range: 31-37), while that of later-onset CRCs was 66 years (IQR: 62- 72). The primary CRC was in the rectum in 30% of the young- vs. 16% of the later-onset cases. The overall mutational rate as measured by the number of SNVs per patient (median: 7 vs. 9) did not differ significantly between the groups. However, the median allelic frequency of SNVs was higher in the young-onset group (0.34 vs. 0.17%), suggesting differing patterns of tumor heterogeneity. Genes known to be associated with CRC carcinogenesis were mutated at different proportions (Table); SMAD4, mismatch repair genes (MSH6, MLH1, MSH2), ARID1A, IGF1R and KITappear to be more frequently mutated among the young. Conclusions: This exploratory study suggests that the somatic mutation profiles are distinct between young- vs. later-onset CRCs. More in-depth analysis of the genomic landscape of young-onset CRCs may reveal distinct and novel therapeutic avenues. [Table: see text]
Physicians’ involvement in implementation of evidence-based cancer guidelines: A qualitative case study in a French regional network promoting excellence in cancer care (ONCORA)
Authors: P. Biron, I. Ray-Coquard, P. Castel, F. Farsi, A. Lurkin, G. de Laroche, J. Y. Blay, T. Philip
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

6102
Erythematous Papules and Plaques on the Cheeks
Authors: Asuka Tsuji, Akane Minagawa, Ryuhei Okuyama
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2016)

A man presented with a 3-year history of recurring erythematous papules on the bilateral cheeks, despite topical steroid therapy, without any additional symptoms. Polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia was found on serum protein electrophoresis. What is your diagnosis?
Investigation of peptomimetics of GD2 antibodies as targeted therapy against human small cell lung cancer in-vitro
Authors: J. Wan, H. U. Saragovi, H. Conway, L. Ivanisevic
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

13128 Background: GD2 is a well-established target that has been validated for neuroblastoma and small cell lung cancer. The therapeutic and diagnostic use of monoclonal antibodies directed to GD2 in small cell lung cancer is well documented. It has been shown that the binding of GD2 monoclonal antibodies alone can induce growth suppression and cell death of small cell lung cancer cells in-vitro. Our laboratory has developed synthetic small molecule peptomimetics as ligands of GD2. Peptomimetics have favorable in-vivo pharmacological properties compared to antibodies with no immunogenicity, longer half-lives, low toxicity, good tissue penetration, biodistribution and high target selectivity. This study proposed to determine the efficacy of peptomimetics of GD2 antibodies against small cell lung cancer cells in-vitro. Methods: 2 human cell lines were studied. H69 is a classic small cell lung cancer and H82 is a morphological variant small cell lung cancer both of which have been reported in the literature to express GD2. Cell surface expression of ganglioside GD2 was analyzed by flow cytometry (FACScan, BD Biosciences) using GD2 mAB 3F8 and GD2 mAB ME361. Cell proliferation was assessed using standard MTT assays with serum containing medium and cultured for approximately 3 doubling times for each cell line. The cell lines were exposed to increasing doses of GD2 specific peptomimetic to a maximum of 25 uM with controls including serum containing media with and without a GD2 negative peptomimetic and assessed for cell proliferation. Results: GD2 expression was confirmed for both cell lines- H69 and H82 using FACs. Exposure of the GD2 specific peptomimetic clearly caused growth suppression on the range of 35–40% when compared to controls. A dose response relationship was demonstrated with a plateau beyond 10 uM concentrations. Each experiment repeated ≥ 3 occasions. Conclusions: We have shown that attachment of GD2 specific peptomimetics can cause decreased cell proliferation in 2 small cell lung cancer cell lines H69 and H82. We have shown that there is a dose response relationship by which these compounds reduce cell viability. Peptomimetics of GD2 antibodies show promise as a targeted therapy for small cell lung cancer in-vitro and warrant further study. [Table: see text]
Sixty seconds on . . . the Cancer Drugs Fund
Authors: Nigel Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Since its creation in 2010, £1.27bn. It has treated 80 000 people, roughly, so the average has been £16 000 per patient.

Impossible to say. Nobody has followed up the patients assiduously enough to put a value on the benefits.

You may think so. The Public Accounts Committee found that the Department of Health and NHS …
Randomized, active-controlled study of denosumab (AMG 162) in breast cancer patients with bone metastases not previously treated with intravenous (IV) bisphosphonates (BP)
Authors: A. Lipton, C. Alvarado, R. De Boer, G. G. Steger, K. S. Tonkin, A. Kinsey, M. Fan, S. Jun
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

512 Background: Receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) is a key mediator of osteoclast formation, function, and survival. Denosumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody, binds and inhibits RANKL, thus suppressing excess osteoclastic activity associated with bone metastases. We report interim efficacy and safety results of an ongoing, phase 2 study of denosumab in IV BP treatment-naïve women with advanced breast cancer and bone metastases (BM). Methods: Eligible patients (pts; age ≥ 18 yrs with breast cancer; confirmed BM; naive to IV BP therapy) were stratified by chemo- or hormonal therapy and randomized to 1 of 6 cohorts (5 denosumab [double blind]; 1 IV BP [open label]; see table ). The primary endpoint was the % change from baseline (BL) to week 13 in the resorption marker, urinary N-telopeptide (uNTx), corrected for creatinine. Also evaluated were % of pts with ≥ 65% decrease in uNTX from BL, time to a 65% reduction in uNTx, % of pts with ≥ 1 skeletal-related event (SRE), and safety. Results: In total, 255 pts (∼40/cohort) were enrolled. Mean age was 57 to 59 yrs (denosumab cohorts) vs 52 yrs (BP). Most pts had &gt; 2 sites of BM (denosumab, 74%; BP, 81%); 51% and 49% received concurrent chemo- or hormonal therapy, respectively. As shown in the efficacy table , the 120 mg Q4W dose resulted in the greatest % decrease from BL in uNTx. At data cutoff, the % of all denosumab pts with ≥ 1 SRE was 9% (20/212) vs 16% (7/43) of BP pts. Commonly reported adverse events (AE) among all pts included nausea, vomiting, asthenia, diarrhea, and bone pain. Of 198 denosumab pts tested, none developed anti-denosumab antibodies. Conclusion: In this interim analysis, denosumab resulted in rapid and sustained suppression of bone turnover and was at least as effective as IV BP at reducing the risk of SREs, with a safety profile similar to that seen in advanced breast cancer pts receiving cancer treatment. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
Abstract 14192: The Relationship of Body Fat Distribution Measured by Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry With the Extent of Coronary Atherosclerosis
Authors: Se Jun Park, Hong Seok Lim, Jin Sun Park, Hyoung Mo Yang, Byoung Joo Choi, So Yeon Choi, Gyo Seung Hwang, Joon Han Shin, Seung Jea Tahk
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Body fat distribution (BFD) especially, visceral fat accumulation is closely related to cardiovascular disease than the amount of total body fat itself. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between BFD and the extent of coronary atherosclerosis. Methods: We measured total body fat and regional body fat distribution using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometery in 769 patients (445 male, age 59±10 years) who underwent their first coronary angiography. The extent of coronary atherosclerosis was assessed using Gensini score based on the quantitative coronary angiography results. The coronary artery tree was divided into 14 segments and each of these segments was scored from 1 to 32 depending on the most severe stenosis using the following system: 1 = stenosis 1% to 25%, 2 = stenosis between 26% and 50%, 4 = stenosis between 51% and 75%, 8 = stenosis 76% to 90%, 16 = stenosis 91% to 99% and 32 = total occlusion. The Gensini score was generated as the sum of the scores in all segments. Results: Mean Gen...
The tumor suppressor PTEN has a critical role in antiviral innate immunity
Authors: Shun Li, Mingzhu Zhu, Ruangang Pan, Ting Fang, Yuan-Yuan Cao, Shuliang Chen, Xiaolu Zhao, Cao-Qi Lei, Lin Guo, Yu Chen, Chun-Mei Li, Eija Jokitalo, Yuxin Yin, Hong-Bing Shu, Deyin Guo
Journal: Nature Immunology (2015)
Purification and Immunologic Evaluation of Human Melanoma-Associated Antigens 2 3
Authors: R. P. McCabe, S. Ferrone, M. A. Pellegrino, D. H. Kern, E. C. Holmes, R. A. Reisfeld
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1978)

Journal Article Purification and Immunologic Evaluation of Human Melanoma-Associated Antigens Get access R. P. McCabe, R. P. McCabe 4Department of Molecular Immunology, Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation, La Jolla, Calif. 92037 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar S. Ferrone, S. Ferrone 4Department of Molecular Immunology, Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation, La Jolla, Calif. 92037 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M. A. Pellegrino, M. A. Pellegrino 4Department of Molecular Immunology, Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation, La Jolla, Calif. 92037 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D. H. Kern, D. H. Kern 6Department of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Calif. 90024 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar E. C. Holmes, E. C. Holmes 6Department of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Calif. 90024 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. A. Reisfeld R. A. Reisfeld 4Department of Molecular Immunology, Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation, La Jolla, Calif. 92037 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 60, Issue 4, April 1978, Pages 773–777, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/60.4.773 Published: 01 April 1978 Article history Received: 22 August 1977 Accepted: 10 November 1977 Published: 01 April 1978
Abstract P319: Improvement in Depressive Symptoms in Elderly Cardiac Patients after Cardiac Rehabilitation
Authors: Bharathi Reddy, Kiseok Lee, Nancy Rullo, Donna Cheslik Candy, John P Nicholson
Journal: Circulation (2012)

BACKGROUND: Depression effects at least 18% of patients with known coronary artery disease (CAD) and is associated with an increased risk of future cardiac events. There is a strong association between depression and cardiac mortality in patients with known heart disease and these symptoms are very common in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). With the significant prevalence of depression in cardiac patients studies have shown that comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs resulted in beneficial effects on clinical symptomatology and clinical depression in these patients. HYPOTHESIS: The purpose of this study was to assess the improvement of depressive symptoms using PHQ-9 mood scale among younger patients (≤ 55 years of age) and older patients (≥ 70 years of age) enrolled in the CR program at the Cardiac Health Center (CHC) of New York Hospital Queens (NYHQ). METHODS: The study sample comprised of 237 participants who were enrolled and completed 36 sessions of CR at the CHC from 2007-2009. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the PHQ-9 prior to admission and upon completion of the CR program. Patients were categorized into two groups in relation to their age as younger patients (≤ 55 years of age) and older patients (≥70 years of age). RESULTS: Out of 237 patients, 91 patients are ≤55 years of age (38.4%), and 51 patients are ≥ 70 years of age (21.5%). Prior to the start of CR the mood scores of younger patients were 10.11 ± 6.33 and the older patients were 9.00 ± 3.34. After the completion of CR the mood scores of younger patients were 6.11 ± 7.18 and the older patients were 2.94 ± 3.99. Both groups showed significant improvement in their mood scores after CR. Younger patients Δ 4.00 ± 2.16 and elder patients Δ 6.06 ± 1.15. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the study confirm that CR improves depressive symptoms in both younger and older patients groups. Although both groups started with comparable mood scores, older patients showed significant improvement in mood scores compared to younger patients. Studies have shown improvement in exercise capacity in the elderly population after CR. Elderly patients need to be encouraged to participate in CR programs as improvements in depressive symptoms along with functional capacity after CR translate into a more productive and satisfying lifestyle and improved quality of life.