tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Further Observations on the Inhibition of Tumor Growth by Corynebacterium parvum With Cyclophosphamide. V. Comparison of the Effects of Tilorone Hydrochloride, Levamisole, Methanol-Soluble Fraction of Mycobacterium butyricum, BCG, and a Nonviable Aqueous Ether Extract of Brucella abortus Preparation in Treatment of Mice With Tumors2
Authors: Bernard Fisher, James Linta, James Hanlon, Elizabeth Saffer
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1978)

In a murine system, when Corynebacterium parvum was used in combination with cyclophosphamide (CY), the inhibition of tumor growth (TG) was greater than when either agent was used alone. An effort was made to enhance the effectiveness of the combination by variation of the administration of both components and by substitution for or addition to CY of different chemotherapeutic agents. This report presents results of investigations in which attempts were made to improve the immunotherapy component of the combination by either substitution of other systemically administered nonspecific immunomodulators for C. parvum or by use of these immunomodulators in conjunction with C. parvum. Immunomodulators chosen for evaluation were those that had been used as antitumor agents in animal systems, had been clinically studied, and were presumed to have variable mechanisms of action. Despite diversity of dosages and schedules of administration, none of the immunomodulators used alone or substituted for C. parvum in combination with CY was as effective as, or more effective than, C. parvum. The addition of the agents to either C. parvum or to C. parvum combined with CY was also without benefit in improving the control of TG. The findings obtained with the use of each of the immunomodulators alone support our contention that immunotherapy by itself is in most circumstances likely to be an ineffectual form of therapy, and they suggest that little justification exists for the simultaneous use of more than one systemically administered nonspecific immunomodulator.
Korean National Health Insurance Database
Authors: Dong Wook Shin, BeLong Cho, Eliseo Guallar
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
The importance of histology when evaluating the cost-effectiveness of pemetrexed plus cisplatin as first-line therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: C. E. Muehlenbein, R. W. Klein, A. M. Liepa, S. M. Babineaux, R. C. Wielage, L. S. Schwartzberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e17533 Background: A recent randomized phase III study was the first to report survival differences between first-line platinum doublets based on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) histology (Scagliotti et al, J Clin Oncol. 2008). Here, we estimate the cost-effectiveness of cisplatin/pemetrexed (Cis/Pem) compared to other common regimens in an overall NSCLC population and in histology subgroups. Methods: A semi-Markov model was developed to compare the two-year impact of Cis/Pem to cisplatin/gemcitabine (Cis/Gem), carboplatin/paclitaxel (Carb/Pac) and carboplatin/paclitaxel/bevacizumab (Carb/Pac/Bev) from the US payer perspective. Data from the randomized controlled clinical trial and a mixed treatment comparison model (Vansteenkiste et al, Proc. ITOC 2008) provided clinical inputs. Medicare reimbursement rates were used to determine drug costs. A retrospective claims database analysis was used to obtain estimates of other direct NSCLC-related costs, including drug administration and toxicity management. Nonsquamous histology subgroups explored were adenocarcinoma, large cell and not otherwise specified (NOS). Comparisons with Carb/Pac/Bev were limited to the nonsquamous histology subgroup. Results: In all patients regardless of histology, using Cis/Pem led to an incremental cost per life-year gained (LYG) of $104,577 vs. Cis/Gem and $231,291 vs. Carb/Pac. In the subset of patients with nonsquamous NSCLC (adenocarcinoma, large cell, or NOS), the incremental cost per LYG was $83,537 vs. Cis/Gem and $178,613 vs. Carb/Pac. Further specifying the population to include only those with adenocarcinoma or large cell NSCLC yielded an incremental cost per LYG of $72,325 vs. Cis/Gem and $132,547 vs. Carb/Pac. The incremental cost per LYG for Carb/Pac/Bev vs. Cis/Pem was more than $300,000. Conclusions: In an unselected advanced NSCLC population, Cis/Pem may not be considered cost-effective for first-line therapy; however, in its licensed indication of nonsquamous NSCLC, it can be considered cost-effective and even more so for patients with adenocarcinoma or large cell carcinoma. This analysis emphasizes the importance of histology in identifying the appropriate patient for Cis/Pem first-line chemotherapy. [Table: see text]
Precision Medicine and Low- to Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Abdul Rehman, Muhammad Awais, Noor Ul-Ain Baloch
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Chemotherapy ordering process: Safety and efficiency considerations
Authors: B. S. Shaikh, R. B. Mowat, D. D. Parr
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

6110 Background: Antineoplastic therapy is generally considered high-risk treatment due to the narrow therapeutic margin. Recently, safety-related consequences of medication errors involving antineoplastic agents have become the major focus of quality improvement in health care settings in the United States. Methods: In 1995 a group, consisting of medical oncologists from TCI, oncology nurses and pharmacists from FH met to review the safety and efficiency of the chemotherapy ordering process. Because errors can result from illegibility due to individually handwritten chemotherapy orders, computerized preprinted orders (CPO) were developed. A standard chemotherapy ordering process for both inpatient and outpatient settings was formulated. CPOs were piloted for inpatients receiving chemotherapy. These orders include premedication, antiemetics, drug dosage, dilution, infusion rate, and proper administration sequence. Chemotherapy regimens were categorized by tumor types. Because the practice of oncology is a dynamic process, new chemotherapy regimens are included regularly in the CPO process. Over 145 chemotherapy and supportive care regimens are available as of December 2003. This process was extended to the outpatient setting at FH in February 2003 and at all affiliated outpatient clinics. CPOs were placed on a common computer drive for accessibility at multiple locations and were write-protected. Additionally, CPOs were transferred to a removable external drive for portability, enabling use by physicians at their offices. Results: Since this process was initiated no major error related to chemotherapy has been reported. There have been 79 inpatient and about 2200 outpatient chemotherapy treatments since this process was initiated. Conclusions: To improve safety of the chemotherapy process, we developed standardized CPO. We believe its implementation has decreased the potential for errors related to chemotherapy administration. To increase accessibility, we plan to transfer this process to the use of portable handheld devices and to incorporate it onto our secure website so it can be accessed via the Internet from any of our sites in the future. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
The attitude of physicians for asthma treatment and results in the inhaler market between 2004-2009 in Turkey
Authors: Sedat Altin, H. Volkan Kara
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

We evaluated the effects Turkey Conversion Programme in Health in 2004 on drug market used for treatment of asthma.  We analyzed the data from IMS the programme following the drug market and the data from the Social Security Institution (SSI) for comparative studies.  In 2004 SSI paid nearly 4.0 billion Euro for drugs which increased to 8,5 billion (110%).Inhaler dust asthma drugs was 88.9 million and increased to 280.6 million (3.16 fold). Drug prescribed was 6.037.172 and increased to 20.848.085 boxes (3.45 fold).In the market of subgroup for inhaler dust asthma drugs distribution was; the rescue drugs 31.5%, combined drugs 17.7%, nebules 10.5%.The rates in 2009 were 20.2%, 29.6% and 18% respectively. Economically distribution was; 48.4% for combined drugs, 6.3% for nebules and 6.3% for rescue drugs.Rates for 2009 were 58.4%, 9.2% and 4.1%.The number of rescue drugs increased from 1.901.938 boxes to 4.220.664 (2.22 folds). The financial increase was 4.62 fold from 5.570.177 to 25.739.326.The number for nebules was 631.184 and increased to 3.762.806 (5.96 fold) the cost for them was 5.570.177 increased to 25.739.326 (4.62 fold).The combined drug subgroup the number of prescriptions were 1.066.486 increased to 6.178.315 (5.79 fold).The cost was 43.006.559 and increased to 163.814.343.  There has been an increase in the costs for inhaler drugs used for asthma treatment.Our analyses showed that this increase mostly caused by increase in the number of prescribed combined drugs. This increase we believe decreased the need for rescue drugs but had no effect on the nebules that has been used
Tumor Lysis Syndrome After STI571 in Philadelphia Chromosome–Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Eldad J. Dann, Riva Fineman, Jacob M. Rowe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

Article Tools SPECIAL DEPARTMENTS Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2002.20.1.354 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 11773197 Tumor Lysis Syndrome After STI571 in Philadelphia Chromosome–Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Eldad J. DannxEldad J. DannSearch for articles by this author , Riva FinemanxRiva FinemanSearch for articles by this author , Jacob M. RowexJacob M. RoweSearch for articles by this author Show More Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2002.20.1.354 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2002 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Clinical metagenomic identification of Balamuthia mandrillaris encephalitis and assembly of the draft genome: the continuing case for reference genome sequencing
Authors: Alexander L. Greninger, Kevin Messacar, Thelma Dunnebacke, Samia N. Naccache, Scot Federman, Jerome Bouquet, David Mirsky, Yosuke Nomura, Shigeo Yagi, Carol Glaser, Michael Vollmer, Craig A. Press, Bette K. Kleinschmidt-DeMasters, Samuel R. Dominguez, Charles Y. Chiu
Journal: Genome Medicine (2015)

Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a rare, often lethal, cause of encephalitis, for which early diagnosis and prompt initiation of combination antimicrobials may improve clinical outcomes. In this study, we sequenced a full draft assembly of the Balamuthia mandrillaris genome (44.2 Mb in size) from a rare survivor of PAM, and recovered the mitochondrial genome from six additional Balamuthia strains. We also used unbiased metagenomic next-generation sequencing (NGS) and SURPI bioinformatics analysis to diagnose an ultimately fatal case of Balamuthia mandrillaris encephalitis in a 15-year-old girl. Comparative analysis of the mitochondrial genome and high-copy number genes from six additional Balamuthia mandrillaris strains demonstrated remarkable sequence variation, and the closest Balamuthia homologs corresponded to other amoebae, hydroids, algae, slime molds, and peat moss. Real-time NGS testing of hospital day 6 CSF and brain biopsy samples detected Balamuthia on the basis of high-quality hits to 16S and 18S ribosomal RNA sequences present in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) nt reference database. The presumptive diagnosis of PAM by visualization of amoebae on brain biopsy histopathology and NGS analysis was subsequently confirmed at the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) using a Balamuthia-specific PCR assay. Retrospective analysis of a day 1 CSF sample revealed that more timely identification of Balamuthia by metagenomic NGS, potentially resulting in a better clinical outcome, would have required availability of the complete genome sequence. These results underscore the diverse evolutionary origins of Balamuthia mandrillaris, provide new targets for diagnostic assay development, and will facilitate further investigations of the biology and pathogenesis of this eukaryotic pathogen. The failure to identify PAM from a day 1 sample without a fully sequenced Balamuthia genome in the database highlights the critical importance of whole-genome reference sequences for microbial detection by metagenomic NGS.
Margaret McCartney: Early cancer diagnosis: how low should we go?
Authors: Margaret McCartney
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Harpal Kumar, chief executive of Cancer Research UK, recently lectured at the Royal College of General Practitioners’ annual conference. My blood pressure rose steadily throughout.

He said GPs should ensure that 75% of our patients take up their invitations to cancer screening. He also said that the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence’s new threshold for cancer risk that should trigger referral (3%) may need to be lowered, as a recent study had found that patients at lower risk wanted to be investigated.1

But what is the “right” level of risk at which to investigate?2 Even if the computer tools slowly being introduced to estimate risk thresholds for symptoms are eventually shown to improve …
Correlation of differential expression of NALP7 and NALP11 with glucocorticoid sensitivity in multiple myeloma cell lines
Authors: S. Ma, N. Krett, S. T. Rosen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

19516 Background: Glucocorticoids (GC) are effective anti-myeloma therapy. However, GC-resistance almost invariably develops. To study the mechanism of GC-resistance in multiple myeloma, we compared the gene expression profiles of the clinically relevant myeloma clones derived from the same patient which are either sensitive (MM.1S) or resistant (MM.1R) to GC-induced apoptosis and growth inhibition. Methods: The MM.1 cell lines were previously described. cDNA microarray analysis was conducted using the GeneChip Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array (Affymetrix). Gene expression of individual genes were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR using gene- specific primer-probe sets (Applied Biosystems), with relative gene expression level normalized to an internal control (RNaseP). Gene knock- down or overexpression was achieved by transfecting MM.1 cells with gene-specific siRNA (Invitrogen) or cDNA expression construct, respectively. Results: By cDNA microarray analysis, we identified NALP7 and NALP11 among the few genes that showed most significant differential levels of expression between the sensitive and resistant myeloma lines. Both genes belong to the NALP gene family implicated in innate immunity. We confirmed with qPCR that NALP7 expression was significantly decreased whereas NALP11 expression was markedly increased in GC-resistant MM.1 cells compared to the GC-sensitive MM.1 cells. We further showed that both genes are down-regulated by GC treatment. Next, we investigated the biological significance of the NALP genes by altering the NALP gene expression level using transfection. Suppression of NALP7 by siRNA-mediated gene knock-down or exogenous overexpression of NALP11, either alone or in combination, did not alter the GC-sensitivity of MM.1S cells, suggesting that altering NALP7 and NALP11 expression is not sufficient to induce GC resistance. Conclusions: Our studies demonstrated that the differential expression of two NALP family genes, NALP7 and NALP11, correlates with GC sensitivity in myeloma, and that both genes are regulated by glucocorticoid signaling. The biological significance of their differential regulation in myeloma remains to be determined. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
LUD01–014: Phase 1/2 study of chimeric monoclonal antibody cG250 in combination with vinblastine in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (ARCC)
Authors: S.-E. Al-Batran, A. Neumann, A. Atmaca, M. Ruppert, J. Karbach, G. Ritter, E. Hoffman, L. Old, A. Knuth, E. Jaeger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

2531 Background: To asses the safety and efficacy of the combination of cG250 and vinblastine in patients (pts) with ARCC. Methods: Eighteen pts with ARCC of clear cell histology and measurable disease were included. Pts received intravenous doses of cG250, 10 mg/m2, and vinblastine, 5 mg/m2, weekly for 8 weeks (wks) followed by a 2-wk rest period (one cycle). Pts were evaluated for toxicity and the development of human antichimeric antibody (HACA) prior to each treatment, and for response after each cycle. Treatment was continued unless pts had disease progression or limiting toxicity. Results: All pts were evaluable for toxicity and 16/18 for response. Pts characteristics were: gender (male-10, female-8); median age 63 (48–84); median Karnofsky performance status 90%. Nine pts received 1 cycle; 7/18 pts received ≥2 and 4/18 ≥3 cycles. WHO III/IV toxicities were anemia and neutropenia in 2/18 pts (11%) and 5/18 pts (28%), respectively. Other toxicities included WHO I/II fatigue in 6/18 pts (33%) and I/II neuropathy in 2/18 pts (11%). Of 18 pts, 4 pts are still on study and 14 have withdrawn (9 for PD during the 1st cycle, 3 for PD diagnosed after the 2nd cycle, and 2 at their own discretion). HACA were not developed. SD was observed in 7/16 (44%), and PD in 9 evaluable pts (56%). In 3 pts SD lasted 12+, 12.8+, and 17.8 months. For assessable pts followed longer than 12 months (10 pts), the 1-year progression free survival (PFS) rate was 30%. Median survival has not been reached yet. Conclusions: cG250 in combination with vinblastine is feasible and safe. A high rate of SD with prolonged PFS was observed that warrants further confirmation in a randomized phase II trial. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Structured approach to improving wait times and overall customer service in an oncology outpatient phlebotomy department.
Authors: Patrick M. Forde, Kitty Violette, Karen Maylor, Barbara Kasecamp, Beth Rushworth, Cheryl Jefferson, Joan Wilmore, John H. Fetting, Richard Dean, Suzanne Cowperthwaite, Sharon Krumm
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

77 Background: Demands on the Johns Hopkins phlebotomy service have increased exponentially over the past several years leading to increased patient (pt) waiting times and reduced patient and staff satisfaction. Methods: The goal of our project was to reduce waiting times for outpatient phlebotomy to &lt;30 mins for 90% of pts by May 2013 using a multi-disciplinary lean sigma approach. The following interventions were implemented - Two weekly multidisciplinary lean sigma meetings; Move to set appointment times; Twice daily staff "huddles" to plan the work schedule; Ensure a minimum of 8 phlebotomists on duty daily; Expand training for clinical assistants (CAs) to access VADs; Introduce pager system for pts to reduce needless waiting; Introduce leadership positions among phlebotomy and CA staff to manage change. Results: Within 6 months of these concerted efforts wait times have reduced to &lt;30 mins and patient satisfaction scores for &gt;90% of pts are very good or excellent. Conclusions: Difficult problems such as increasing patient demand with constrained resources can be ameliorated with a multidisciplinary structured approach. The project as outlined may serve as a template for other oncology services dealing with the increasing demands of an aging population in a time of increasingly limited resources.