tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Improvement in Exercise Tolerance and Symptoms of Congestive Heart Failure During Treatment With Candesartan Cilexetil
Authors: G.A.J. Riegger, H. Bouzo, P. Petr, J. Münz, R. Spacek, H. Pethig, V. von Behren, M. George, H.-J. Arens
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —The renin-angiotensin system plays an important part in the pathogenesis of congestive heart failure (CHF). This study evaluated the effect of an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist on exercise tolerance and symptoms of CHF. Methods and Results —In this multicenter, double-blind, parallel-group study, 844 patients with CHF were randomized to 12 weeks’ treatment with placebo (n=211) or candesartan cilexetil 4 mg (n=208), 8 mg (n=212), or 16 mg (n=213) after a 4-week placebo run-in period. Changes in exercise time, Dyspnea Fatigue Index score, NYHA functional class, and cardiothoracic ratio were determined. Candesartan cilexetil produced a dose-related improvement in exercise time. For the intention-to-treat population, the increase produced by candesartan cilexetil 16 mg was significantly greater than that produced by placebo (47.2 versus 30.8 seconds, P =0.0463). All doses of candesartan cilexetil significantly improved the Dyspnea Fatigue Index score relative to placebo. NYHA class improved more frequently in the candesartan cilexetil groups; the differences relative to placebo were not significant. The decrease in cardiothoracic ratio with candesartan 4 to 16 mg was small but statistically significant compared with placebo (all P &lt;0.05). In all candesartan cilexetil groups, plasma renin activity and angiotensin II levels increased from baseline and aldosterone levels decreased in the 8- and 16-mg treatment groups. Candesartan cilexetil was well tolerated at all doses. Conclusions —In summary, treatment with candesartan cilexetil demonstrated significant improvements in exercise tolerance, cardiothoracic ratio, and symptoms and signs of CHF and was well tolerated.
Ionic requirements of the endothelin response in aorta and portal vein.
Authors: R Borges, D V Carter, H von Grafenstein, J Halliday, D E Knight
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

The vasoconstrictor responses of isolated rat portal vein and aorta to synthetically prepared endothelin are investigated. Both preparations respond to 10(-9) M levels of the peptide although the aortic response is more sustained than that of the portal vein. Endothelin-evoked contractions, unlike those evoked by scorpion alpha-toxins (which are homologous to endothelin) or by veratridine, are insensitive to tetrodotoxin or to the removal of sodium ions from the tissue-bathing medium. Contractile responses to endothelin may still be observed in high-potassium depolarizing medium and are not dependent on the presence of extracellular chloride; however, the responses are dependent on the presence of extracellular calcium and are blocked by nitrendipine, nifedipine, or nickel. Endothelin-evoked uptake of 45Ca into aortic tissue is also independent of extracellular sodium or potassium and is blocked by nifedipine. These data strongly suggest that endothelin acts at a site closely coupled to the calcium channel and that depolarization by sodium influx through voltage-dependent channels is not involved in endothelin-induced vasoconstriction.
Divergent Expression Patterns of miR164 and CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON Genes in Palms and Other Monocots: Implication for the Evolution of Meristem Function in Angiosperms
Authors: H. Adam, M. Marguerettaz, R. Qadri, B. Adroher, F. Richaud, M. Collin, A.-C. Thuillet, Y. Vigouroux, P. Laufs, J. W. Tregear, S. Jouannic
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2010)

des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.
Transcriptional code and disease map for adult retinal cell types
Authors: Sandra Siegert, Erik Cabuy, Brigitte Gross Scherf, Hubertus Kohler, Satchidananda Panda, Yun-Zheng Le, Hans Jörg Fehling, Dimos Gaidatzis, Michael B Stadler, Botond Roska
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2012)
Pharmacology and Physiology of Human Adrenergic Receptor polymorphisms
Authors: Kersten M. Small, Dennis W. McGraw, Stephen B. Liggett
Journal: The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology (2003)

Adrenergic receptors are expressed on virtually every cell type in the body and are the receptors for epinephrine and norepinephrine within the sympathetic nervous system. They serve critical roles in maintaining homeostasis in normal physiologic settings as well as pathologic states. These receptors are also targets for therapeutically administered agonists and antagonists. Recent studies have shown that at least seven adrenergic receptor subtypes display variation in amino acid sequence in the human population due to common genetic polymorphisms. Variations in potential regulatory domains in noncoding sequence are also present. Here, we review the consequences of these polymorphisms in terms of signaling, human physiology and disease, and response to therapy.
Severe Exacerbations and Decline in Lung Function in Asthma
Authors: Paul M O'Byrne, Søren Pedersen, Carl Johan Lamm, Wan C Tan, William W Busse
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2008)

To evaluate the association between asthma exacerbations and the decline in lung function, as well as the potential effects of an inhaled corticosteroid, budesonide, on exacerbation-related decline in patients with asthma.To determine whether severe asthma exacerbations are associated with a persistent decline in lung function.The START (inhaled steroid treatment as regular therapy in early asthma) study was a 3-year, randomized, double-blind study of 7,165 patients (5-66 yr) with persistent asthma for less than 2 years, to determine whether early intervention with low-dose inhaled budesonide prevents severe asthma-related events (exacerbations requiring hospitalization or emergency treatment) and decline in lung function.There were 315 patients who experienced at least one severe asthma exacerbation, of which 305 were analyzable, 190 in the placebo group and 115 in the budesonide group. In the placebo group, the change in post-bronchodilator FEV(1) % predicted from baseline to the end of the study, in patients who did or did not experience a severe exacerbation was -6.44% and -2.43%, respectively (P < 0.001). A significant difference was seen in both children and in adults, but not in adolescents. In the budesonide group, the change in the post-bronchodilator FEV(1) % predicted in patients who did or did not experience a severe exacerbation was -2.48% and -1.72%, respectively (P = 0.57). The difference in magnitude of reduction afforded by budesonide, in patients who experienced at least one severe asthma-related event compared with those who did not, was statistically significant (P = 0.042).Severe asthma exacerbations are associated with a more rapid decline in lung function. Treatment with low doses of inhaled corticosteroid is associated with an attenuation of the decline.
Transport of paclitaxel (Taxol) across the blood-brain barrier in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Stephan Fellner, Björn Bauer, David S. Miller, Martina Schaffrik, Martina Fankhänel, Thilo Spruß, Günther Bernhardt, Claudia Graeff, Lothar Färber, Harald Gschaidmeier, Armin Buschauer, Gert Fricker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

Paclitaxel concentrations in the brain are very low after intravenous injection. Since paclitaxel is excluded from some tumors by p-glycoprotein (p-gp), the same mechanism may prevent entry into the brain. In vitro, paclitaxel transport was examined in capillaries from rat brains by confocal microscopy using BODIPY Fl-paclitaxel. Western blots and immunostaining demonstrated apical expression of p-gp in isolated endothelial cells, vessels, and tissue. Secretion of BODIPY Fl-paclitaxel into capillary lumens was specific and energy-dependent. Steady state luminal fluorescence significantly exceeded cellular fluorescence and was reduced by NaCN, paclitaxel, and SDZ PSC-833 (valspodar), a p-gp blocker. Leukotriene C4 (LTC4), an Mrp2-substrate, had no effect. Luminal accumulation of NBDL-cyclosporin, a p-gp substrate, was inhibited by paclitaxel. In vivo, paclitaxel levels in the brain, liver, kidney, and plasma of nude mice were determined after intravenous injection. Co-administration of valspodar led to increased paclitaxel levels in brains compared to monotherapy. Therapeutic relevance was proven for nude mice with implanted intracerebral human U-118 MG glioblastoma. Whereas paclitaxel did not affect tumor volume, co-administration of paclitaxel (intravenous) and PSC833 (peroral) reduced tumor volume by 90%. Thus, p-gp is an important obstacle preventing paclitaxel entry into the brain, and inhibition of this transporter allows the drug to reach sensitive tumors within the CNS.
Can dog allergen alone, if combined with indoor pollution, be responsible for asthma in children?
Authors: G. Liccardi, I. Annesi-Maesano, A. Salzillo, G. D'Amato
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

We thank R.P. Young and co-workers for their comments on our recent article [1].As we highlighted in our article, there are two recent reports indicating that single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor (AGER) gene, which encodes the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE), are associated with changes in measurements of airflow obstruction [2,3].The findings reported by R.P. Young and co-workers in their correspondence add to these earlier studies and shed light on the genetic basis by which cigarette smoke exposure leads to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in some individuals, while ''resistant smokers'' maintain normal lung function.
Direct Ex Vivo Analysis of Activated, Fas-sensitive Autoreactive T Cells in Human Autoimmune Disease
Authors: Katarzyna D. Bieganowska, Lara J. Ausubel, Yalda Modabber, Elissa Slovik, Wells Messersmith, David A. Hafler
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1997)

The frequency of clonally expanded and persistent T cells recognizing the immunodominant autoantigenic peptide of myelin basic protein (MBP)p85-99 was directly measured ex vivo in subjects with typical relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (MS). T cells expressing mRNA transcripts encoding T cell receptor (TCR)-α and -β chains found in T cell clones previously isolated from these subjects recognizing the MBPp85-99 epitope were examined. In contrast to frequencies of 1 in 105–106 as measured by limiting dilution analysis, estimates of the T cell frequencies expressing MBPp85-99–associated TCR chain transcripts were as high as 1 in 300. These high frequencies were confirmed by performing PCR on single T cells isolated by flow cytometry. MBPp85-99 TCR transcripts were present in IL-2 receptor α–positive T cells which were induced to undergo Fas-mediated cell death upon antigen stimulation. These data demonstrate that at least a subpopulation of patients with MS can have a very high frequency of activated autoreactive T cells.
The Branch-Site Test of Positive Selection Is Surprisingly Robust but Lacks Power under Synonymous Substitution Saturation and Variation in GC
Authors: Walid H. Gharib, Marc Robinson-Rechavi
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2013)

Positive selection is widely estimated from protein coding sequence alignments by the nonsynonymous-to-synonymous ratio ω. Increasingly elaborate codon models are used in a likelihood framework for this estimation. Although there is widespread concern about the robustness of the estimation of the ω ratio, more efforts are needed to estimate this robustness, especially in the context of complex models. Here, we focused on the branch-site codon model. We investigated its robustness on a large set of simulated data. First, we investigated the impact of sequence divergence. We found evidence of underestimation of the synonymous substitution rate for values as small as 0.5, with a slight increase in false positives for the branch-site test. When dS increases further, underestimation of dS is worse, but false positives decrease. Interestingly, the detection of true positives follows a similar distribution, with a maximum for intermediary values of dS. Thus, high dS is more of a concern for a loss of power (false negatives) than for false positives of the test. Second, we investigated the impact of GC content. We showed that there is no significant difference of false positives between high GC (up to ∼80%) and low GC (∼30%) genes. Moreover, neither shifts of GC content on a specific branch nor major shifts in GC along the gene sequence generate many false positives. Our results confirm that the branch-site is a very conservative test.
The impact of endogenous annexin A1 on glucocorticoid control of inflammatory arthritis
Authors: Hetal B Patel, Kristin N Kornerup, Andre' LF Sampaio, Fulvio D'Acquisto, Michael P Seed, Ana Paula Girol, Mohini Gray, Costantino Pitzalis, Sonia M Oliani, Mauro Perretti
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2012)

Objectives To establish the role and effect of glucocorticoids and the endogenous annexin A1 (AnxA1) pathway in inflammatory arthritis. Methods Ankle joint mRNA and protein expression of AnxA1 and its receptors were analysed in naive and arthritic mice by real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. Inflammatory arthritis was induced with the K/BxN arthritogenic serum in AnxA1 +/+ and AnxA1 −/− mice; in some experiments, animals were treated with dexamethasone (Dex) or with human recombinant AnxA1 or a protease-resistant mutant (termed SuperAnxA1). Readouts were arthritic score, disease incidence, paw oedema and histopathology, together with pro-inflammatory gene expression. Results All elements of the AnxA1 pathway could be detected in naive joints, with augmentation during ongoing disease, due to the infiltration of immune cells. No difference in arthritis intensity of profile could be observed between AnxA1 +/+ and AnxA1 −/− mice. Treatment of mice with Dex (10 µg intraperitoneally daily from day 2) afforded potent antiarthritic effects highly attenuated in the knockouts: macroscopic changes were mirrored by histopathological findings and pro-inflammatory gene (eg, Nos2) expression. Presence of proteinase 3 mRNA in the arthritic joints led the authors to test AnxA1 and the mutant SuperAnxA1 (1 µg intraperitoneally daily in both cases from day 2), with the latter one being able to accelerate the resolving phase of the disease. Conclusion AnxA1 is an endogenous determinant for the therapeutic efficacy of Dex in inflammatory arthritis. Such an effect can be partially mimicked by application of SuperAnxA1 which may represent the starting point for novel antiarthritic therapeutic strategies.
Steroid resistant pleural effusion in systemic lupus erythematosus treated with tetracycline pleurodesis.
Authors: M H Gilleece, C C Evans, R C Bucknall
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1988)

A 26 year old woman had recurrent unilateral pleural effusions secondary to active systemic lupus erythematosus. The effusions were resistant to conventional treatment with steroids but did not recur after tetracycline pleurodesis.
Platelet-rich plasma usage in orthopaedics and sports medicine
Authors: Daniel Thomas Eglinton
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2011)

Lecture 22 It's been almost 50 years since the discovery of BMPs in the 1960s. Despite the advances in technology we still remain in the infancy period concerning the development of the vast potential available from growth factors. A plethora of articles on platelet-derived growth factors have recently begun appearing in all areas of medicine. The results, techniques and experiences of the examiners have been varied. There have been very few physicians that have believed and used this technology since its inception 17 years ago, and still remain committed to its uses today. This lecture will provide a review of the biology of BMPs and a literature review, 17 years of experience with its use in orthopaedics disorders, as well as a treatment protocol. Details on injection technique utilising C-arm and ultrasound guidance will also be discussed. Current treatment regimens are costly, and variable in their results. It is the hope of many that these technologies will allow us to be proactive instead of reactive, therefore, taking the costly care out of the healthcare industry. For those of us that have tried this primordial soup, we feel its time to lead, follow, or get out of the way, as this technology is here to stay.
Defining the Eye-of-the-Tiger Sign—Reply
Authors: Sanjay Pandey, Debra L. Byler, Mark Hallett
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
TREATMENT OF COMPLEX CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES AND METABOLIC SYNDROME: 3-YEAR RESULTS COMPARING OUTCOMES OF CARDIAC SURGERY AND PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION IN THE SYNTAX STUDY
Authors: Michael J. Mack, Adrian P. Banning, Patrick W. Serruys, Friedrich W. Mohr, Marie-Claude Morice, Yves Taeymans, Guido Van Nooten, Gianfederico Possati, Filippo Crea, Kristin L. Hood, Katrin Leadley, Keith D. Dawkins, Pieter Kappetein
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
GROα Is Highly Expressed in Adenocarcinoma of the Colon and Down-Regulates Fibulin-1
Authors: Yu Wen, Sarah F. Giardina, David Hamming, Jennifer Greenman, Emmanuel Zachariah, Manny D. Bacolod, Hao Liu, Jinru Shia, Peter S. Amenta, Francis Barany, Phillip Paty, William Gerald, Daniel Notterman
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Purpose: The growth-related oncogene α (GROα) is a secreted interleukin-like molecule that interacts with the CXCR2 G-protein–coupled receptor. We found that the mRNA and protein products of GROα are more highly expressed in neoplastic than normal colon epithelium, and we studied potential mechanisms by which GROα may contribute to tumor initiation or growth. Experimental Design: Cell lines that constitutively overexpress GROα were tested for growth rate, focus formation, and tumor formation in a xenograft model. GROα expression was determined by Affymetrix GeneChip (241 microdissected colon samples), real-time PCR (n = 32), and immunohistochemistry. Primary colon cancer samples were also employed to determine copy number changes and loss of heterozygosity related to the GROα and fibulin-1 genes. Results: In cell cultures, GROα transfection transformed NIH 3T3 cells, whereas inhibition of GROα by inhibitory RNA was associated with apoptosis, decreased growth rate, and marked up-regulation of the matrix protein fibulin-1. Forced expression of GROα was associated with decreased expression of fibulin-1. Expression of GROα mRNA was higher in primary adenocarcinomas (n = 132), adenomas (n = 32), and metastases (n = 52) than in normal colon epithelium (P &amp;lt; 0.001). These results were confirmed by real-time PCR and by immunohistochemistry. Samples of primary and metastatic colon cancer showed underexpression of fibulin-1 when compared with normal samples. There were no consistent changes in gene copy number of GROα or fibulin-1, implying a transcriptional basis for these findings. Conclusion: Elevated expression of GROα is frequent in adenocarcinoma of the colon and is associated with down-regulation of the matrix protein fibulin-1 in experimental models and in clinical samples. GROα overexpression abrogates contact inhibition in cell culture models, whereas inhibition of GROα expression is associated with apoptosis. Importantly, coexpression of fibulin-1 with GROα abrogates key aspects of the transformed phenotype, including tumor formation in a murine xenograft model. Targeting GRO proteins may provide new opportunities for treatment of colon cancer.
The sleepy patient: Evaluation and management
Authors: Richard P. Allen
Journal: Clinical Psychology Review (1986)

Abstract   Problems of excessive sleepiness are common in our society, significant for psychological as well as medical treatment, and often denied or minimized by patients. In some cases this symptom indicates a life-threatening sleep disorder. Excessive sleepiness, when suggested by history, should, therefore, be carefully reviewed for differential diagnosis and for severity following procedures like those discussed below. Behavioral and psychological treatments are often the most appropriate initial intervention; a sleep disorders center consultation may be helpful. In more severe or special cases, a sleep disorders center referral is essential. Guidelines are presented to assist the clinical psychologist in treatment and/or referral of these patients.
<i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection and acid secretion in patients with duodenal ulcer in Japan
Authors: T CHIBA, T WATANABE, T ITO
Journal: Gut (2001)

Editor,— Helicobacter pylori infection affects gastric acid secretion of the host in various ways. For example, corpus gastritis and subsequent development of mucosal atrophy induced by H pylori infection result in decreased acid secretion.1 In contrast, several investigators have reported elevated acid secretion in patients with duodenal ulcer (DU) which is decreased by H pylori eradication with simultaneous reduction of serum gastrin.2 ,3 Supporting these data, Iijima et al ((2000) Gut 46:20–6; [OpenUrl][1][PubMed][2][Web of Science][3]) reported that eradication of H pylori was accompanied by an increase in acid secretion in patients with gastric ulcer (GU) in whom corpus gastritis and/or atrophy are frequently observed, whereas acid secretion decreased after eradication in those with DU. However, in countries such as Japan where corpus gastritis and mucosal atrophy are common among patients infected with H pylori , the situation is not as simple. We performed a similar study by measuring basal acid output (BAO) and maximum acid output (MAO) using pentagastrin administration before and six months after eradication in Japanese patients with GU (n=21) and DU (n=22). In both … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DAmerican%2BJournal%2Bof%2BClinical%2BPathology%26rft.stitle%253DAm%2BJ%2BClin%2BPathol%2Btemp%26rft.aulast%253DRuiz%26rft.auinit1%253DB.%26rft.volume%253D105%26rft.issue%253D1%26rft.spage%253D96%26rft.epage%253D101%26rft.atitle%253DAntral%2Batrophy%252C%2BHelicobacter%2Bpylori%2Bcolonization%252C%2Band%2Bgastric%2BpH.%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F8561094%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=8561094&link_type=MED&atom=%2Fgutjnl%2F48%2F6%2F871.atom [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=A1996TQ29000015&link_type=ISI