tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 5313: Sustained hypercalcemia primes non-invasive breast cancer cells for metastasis to high calcium microenvironments
Authors: Amos M. Sakwe, Rainelli B. Koumangoye, Josiah Ochieng
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Breast cancer frequently spreads to calcium-rich organs/metastatic sites such as skeletal tissues but the role of hypercalcemia in breast cancer progression remains poorly understood. While patients with metastatic or end-stage cancer are likely to become hypercalcemic, up to 30% of breast cancer patients develop cancer-induced hypercalcemia (CIH) in the absence of metastases or bone diseases. The resulting high extracellular ionized calcium (Ca2+) activates the calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) that not only promotes the proliferation of breast cancer cells but also the secretion of parathyroid hormone-related protein by the tumor cells. This suggests that CIH may promote both the vicious osteolytic cycle and breast cancer progression. In this study, we examined whether sustained hypercalcemia primes breast cancer cells for metastasis to high Ca2+ microenvironments. We demonstrate that sustained hypercalcemia enables Ca2+-sensitive non invasive breast cancer cells such as MCF-7 to become high Ca2+-adapted and that this adaptation is accompanied by increased motility and more aggressive growth (increased proliferation). Consistent with this observation, invasive and metastatic breast cancer cells are high Ca2+-adapted cells that efficiently grow over a wide range of Ca2+ concentrations (up to 10 mM). Interestingly, we also show that at high Ca2+ (5 mM) breast cancer cells expressing the Q1011E CaSR variant that is common among African Americans proliferate faster than those expressing the A986S CaSR variant that is common among Caucasians. These data suggest that differences in the adaptation of breast cancer cells to hypercalcemia due in part to the expression of distinct CaSR variants underlie the distinct race-related breast cancer outcomes. This work is funded by the following grants made available to JO: DOD-W81XWH-07-1-0254 and 1SC1CA134018-01 Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5313. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5313
Intramuscular transplantation of engineered hepatic tissue constructs corrects acute and chronic liver failure in mice
Authors: Nalu Navarro-Alvarez, Alejandro Soto-Gutierrez, Yong Chen, Jose Caballero-Corbalan, Wael Hassan, Satoru Kobayashi, Yoshitaka Kondo, Masaya Iwamuro, Kazuhide Yamamoto, Eisaku Kondo, Noriaki Tanaka, Ira J. Fox, Naoya Kobayashi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Identification of a Set of Seven Genes for the Monitoring of Minimal Residual Disease in Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Daniel Steinbach, Alexander Schramm, Angelika Eggert, Masanori Onda, Kristin Dawczynski, Andreas Rump, Ira Pastan, Susann Wittig, Nadine Pfaffendorf, Astrid Voigt, Felix Zintl, Bernd Gruhn
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Background: Monitoring of minimal residual disease (MRD) has become a strong diagnostic tool in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. It is used for risk-adapted therapy and for the recognition of pending relapses. In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), there is still a need for more suitable MRD markers. Experimental Design: A stepwise approach which combined genome-wide expression profiling, TaqMan low density arrays, and a TaqMan real-time PCR-based screening was used to identify new markers for the monitoring of MRD in AML. Leukemic cells from 52 children with AML and 145 follow-up samples from 25 patients were analyzed. Results: Seven genes were identified which are vastly overexpressed in many patients with AML compared with healthy bone marrow: CCL23, GAGED2, MSLN, SPAG6, and ST18 as well as the previously described markers WT1 and PRAME. The expression of all genes decreased to normal levels in patients who achieved a continuous complete remission. Elevated levels of at least one gene were found prior to relapse in 7 out of 10 patients who relapsed. Conclusions: This set of genes should allow a sensitive and specific monitoring of MRD in AML. Notably, some of these markers could also serve as therapeutic targets or might be involved in leukemogenesis. MSLN is already used as a target for immunotherapy in clinical trials in other malignancies.
Epidemiology and prognosis of coma in daytime television dramas
Authors: David Casarett, Jessica M Fishman, Holly Jo MacMoran, Amy Pickard, David A Asch
Journal: BMJ (2005)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b> To determine how soap operas portray, and possibly misrepresent, the likelihood of recovery for patients in coma. <b>Design</b> Retrospective cohort study. <b>Setting</b> Nine soap operas in the United States reviewed between 1 January 1995 and 15 May 2005. <b>Subjects</b> 64 characters who experienced a period of unconsciousness lasting at least 24 hours. Their final status at the end of the follow-up period was compared with pooled data from a meta-analysis. <b>Results</b> Comas lasted a median of 13 days (interquartile range 7-25 days). Fifty seven (89%) patients recovered fully, five (8%) died, and two (3%) remained in a vegetative state. Mortality for non-traumatic and traumatic coma was significantly lower than would be predicted from the meta-analysis data (non-traumatic 4% <i>v</i> 53%; traumatic 6% <i>v</i> 67%; Fisher9s exact test both P &lt; 0.001). On the day that patients regained consciousness, most (49/57; 86%) had no evidence of limited function, cognitive deficit, or residual disability needing rehabilitation. Compared with meta-analysis data, patients in this sample had a much better than expected chance of returning to normal function (non-traumatic 91% <i>v</i> 1%; traumatic 89% <i>v</i> 7%; both P &lt; 0.001). <b>Conclusions</b> The portrayal of coma in soap operas is overly optimistic. Although these programmes are presented as fiction, they may contribute to unrealistic expectations of recovery.
Estimation of serum fructosamine concentration as a screening test for diabetes mellitus.
Authors: R J Jarrett
Journal: BMJ (1983)

continue to see, patients with prolonged prothrombin times (120-180 s; normal, 12 s) without any clinical signs of bleeding, and others with short prothrombin times (17-19 s) who have haemorrhagic episodes.'Is it not time we were honest with ourselves and admitted that the committees on stan- dardisation of thromboplastin serve no real purpose?Despite many claims, the best thromboplastin reagent to use is that which, through experience, gives reasonable control to suit one's own patients.None of the thromboplastin reagents, standard or other- wise, can provide absolute criteria as to the occurrence of bleeding complications.
Antigenic drift as a mechanism for tumor evasion of destruction by cytolytic T lymphocytes
Authors: Xue-Feng Bai, Jinqing Liu, Ou Li, Pan Zheng, Yang Liu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

It is established that mutations in viral antigenic epitopes, or antigenic drifts, allow viruses to escape recognition by both Ab's and T lymphocytes. It is unclear, however, whether tumor cells can escape immune recognition via antigenic drift. Here we show that adoptive therapy with both monoclonal and polyclonal transgenic CTLs, specific for a natural tumor antigen, P1A, selects for multiple mutations in the P1A antigenic epitope. These mutations severely diminish T cell recognition of the tumor antigen by a variety of mechanisms, including modulation of MHC:peptide interaction and TCR binding to MHC:peptide complex. These results provide the first evidence for tumor evasion of T cell recognition by antigenic drift, and thus have important implications for the strategy of tumor immunotherapy.
Dasatinib preferentially induces apoptosis by inhibiting Lyn kinase in nilotinib-resistant chronic myeloid leukemia cell line
Authors: Seiichi Okabe, Tetsuzo Tauchi, Yuko Tanaka, Kazuma Ohyashiki
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2011)

Nilotinib is approved for treatment of newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and it is shown superiority over imatinib in first-line treatment for patients of CML. In this study, we established a nilotinib-resistant cell line, K562NR, and evaluated the resistance to nilotinib and efficacy of dasatinib. We found activation of Lyn plays a dominant role in survival of the nilotinib-resistant cell line. We found dasatinib induces the apoptosis of nilotinib-resistant cells and inhibits Lyn kinase activity. This novel nilotinib-resistant CML cell line may help to explore novel therapy for CML.
Pigmented Corneal Rings in Non-Wilsonian Liver Disease
Authors: C. RICHARD FLEMING
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

Kayser-Fleischer rings are pigmented corneal rings at the limbus of the cornea in Descemets membrane that have been deemed pathognomonic of Wilson's disease. However, we have observed four exceptions in patients with non-Wilsonian liver disease. Three patients had primary biliary cirrhosis and one patient had chronic aggressive hepatitis with cirrhosis. Pigmented corneal rings were seen only by slit-lamp examination. Hepatic, serum, and urinary copper and serum ceruloplasmin levels were significantly elevated in the patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Radiocopper (64Cu or 67Cu) studies in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis showed plasma disappearance curves which allowed a clear distinction from Wilson's disease in that all three patients with primary biliary cirrhosis showed a secondary rise in radiocopper that presumably represented copper incorporation into ceruloplasmin. In one patient, in whom 64Cu in ceruloplasmin was studied specifically, incorporation was found to be normal.
Serum Galectin-2, -4, and -8 Are Greatly Increased in Colon and Breast Cancer Patients and Promote Cancer Cell Adhesion to Blood Vascular Endothelium
Authors: Hannah Barrow, Xiuli Guo, Hans H. Wandall, Johannes W. Pedersen, Bo Fu, Qicheng Zhao, Chen Chen, Jonathan M. Rhodes, Lu-Gang Yu
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Purpose: Adhesion of disseminating tumor cells to the blood vascular endothelium is a pivotal step in metastasis. Previous investigations have shown that galectin-3 concentrations are increased in the bloodstream of patients with cancer and that galectin-3 promotes adhesion of disseminating tumor cells to vascular endothelium in vitro and experimental metastasis in vivo. This study determined the levels of galectin-1, -2, -3, -4, -8, and -9 in the sera of healthy people and patients with colon and breast cancer and assessed the influence of these galectins on cancer-endothelium adhesion. Experimental Design: Serum galectins and auto–anti-MUC1 antibodies were assessed using ELISA and mucin protein (MUC1) glycan microarrays, and cancer-endothelium adhesion was determined using monolayers of human microvascular lung endothelial cells. Results: The levels of serum galectin-2, -3, -4, and -8 were significantly increased up to 31-fold in patients with cancer and, in particular, those with metastases. As previously shown for galectin-3, the presence of these galectins enhances cancer-endothelium adhesion by interaction with the Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF; Galβ1,3GalNAcα-) disaccharide on cancer-associated MUC1. This causes MUC1 cell surface polarization, thus exposing underlying adhesion molecules that promote cancer-endothelium adhesion. Elevated circulating galectin-2 levels were associated with increased mortality in patients with colorectal cancer, but this association was suppressed when anti-MUC1 antibodies with specificity for the TF epitope of MUC1 were also present in the circulation. Conclusions: Increased circulation of several members of the galectin family is common in patients with cancer and these may, like circulating galectin-3, also be involved in metastasis promotion. Clin Cancer Res; 17(22); 7035–46. ©2011 AACR.
Real-Time Three-Dimensional Echocardiographic Study of Left Ventricular Function After Infarct Exclusion Surgery for Ischemic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: J. X. Qin, T. Shiota, P. M. McCarthy, M. S. Firstenberg, N. L. Greenberg, H. Tsujino, F. Bauer, A. Travaglini, K. J. Hoercher, T. Buda, N. G. Smedira, J. D. Thomas
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Infarct exclusion (IE) surgery, a technique of left ventricular (LV) reconstruction for dyskinetic or akinetic LV segments in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy, requires accurate volume quantification to determine the impact of surgery due to complicated geometric changes.Thirty patients who underwent IE (mean age 61+/-8 years, 73% men) had epicardial real-time 3-dimensional echocardiographic (RT3DE) studies performed before and after IE. RT3DE follow-up was performed transthoracically 42+/-67 days after surgery in 22 patients. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to compare the values before and after IE surgery and at follow-up. Significant decreases in LV end-diastolic (EDVI) and end-systolic (ESVI) volume indices were apparent immediately after IE and in follow-up (EDVI 99+/-40, 67+/-26, and 71+/-31 mL/m(2), respectively; ESVI 72+/-37, 40+/-21, and 42+/-22 mL/m(2), respectively; P:<0.05). LV ejection fraction increased significantly and remained higher (0.29+/-0.11, 0.43+/-0.13, and 0.42+/-0.09, respectively, P:<0.05). Forward stroke volume in 16 patients with preoperative mitral regurgitation significantly improved after IE and in follow-up (22+/-12, 53+/-24, and 58+/-21 mL, respectively, P:<0.005). New York Heart Association functional class at an average 285+/-144 days of clinical follow-up significantly improved from 3.0+/-0.8 to 1.8+/-0.8 (P:<0.0001). Smaller end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes measured with RT3DE immediately after IE were closely related to improvement in New York Heart Association functional class at clinical follow-up (Spearman's rho=0.58 and 0.60, respectively).RT3DE can be used to quantitatively assess changes in LV volume and function after complicated LV reconstruction. Decreased LV volume and increased ejection fraction imply a reduction in LV wall stress after IE surgery and are predictive of symptomatic improvement.
SELECTIVE DNA SYNTHESIS BY CELLS SPECIFICALLY LOCALIZING IN RESPONSE TO XENOGENEIC ERYTHROCYTES
Authors: Donald R. Thursh, Eugene E. Emeson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1973)

The present studies have shown that cells capable of specific localization in response to challenge with CRBC or SRBC synthesize DNA very rapidly during the period from 2-5 days (peak 3 days) post primary immunization. This has been done by incubating the antigenically stimulated lymphoid cells with [(3)H] or [(14)C]thymidine in vitro for 45 min before adoptive transfer to syngeneic recipients. Specifically localizing cells (SLC) labeled in this way may ultimately account for up to 50% of the (3)H or (14)C present in a set of specifically challenged lymph nodes 3 days later. The data presented are consistent with the hypothesis that SLC numerically constitute only a very small fraction of the total number of recirculating lymphocytes trapped in antigenically stimulated lymph nodes, and that the demonstration of specific localization therefore depends upon selectively labeling these SLC relative to other recirculating cells. Attempts to selectively label the RNA of SLC with the precursor uridine have to date met with only very limited success.
Efficacy of Benfluorex in Combination With Sulfonylurea in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Philippe Moulin, Marie Andre, Hasan Alawi, Lelita C. dos Santos, Abdul K. Khalid, Dragomir Koev, Ray Moore, Viorel Serban, Brigitte Picandet, Marie Francillard
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

OBJECTIVE—The aim of this study was to demonstrate the superiority of benfluorex over placebo as an add-on therapy in type 2 diabetic patients in whom diabetes is insufficiently controlled by sulfonylurea monotherapy and who have a limitation for the use of metformin. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Type 2 diabetic patients with HbA1c (A1C) (7–10%) who were receiving the maximum tolerated sulfonylurea dose and had a contraindication to or poor tolerance of metformin were randomly assigned (double blind) to receive benfluorex 450 mg/day (n = 165) or placebo (n = 160) for 18 weeks. The main efficacy criterion was A1C, analyzed as the change from baseline to the end of treatment using ANCOVA with baseline and country as covariates. Secondary criteria were fasting plasma glucose (FPG), insulin resistance, and plasma lipid level. RESULTS—Both groups were similar at baseline in the intention-to-treat population. A1C significantly decreased with benfluorex from 8.34 ± 0.83 to 7.52 ± 1.04% (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and tended to increase with placebo from 8.33 ± 0.87 to 8.52 ± 1.36% (NS), resulting in a mean adjusted difference between groups of −1.01% (95% CI −1.26 to −0.76; P &amp;lt; 0.001). The target A1C (≤7%) was achieved in 34% of patients receiving benfluorex versus 12% of patients receiving placebo. Significant between-group differences in favor of benfluorex were observed for mean FPG (−1.65 mmol/l) (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and for homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance. Overall tolerance was similar in both groups. Serious adverse events were more frequent in the benfluorex group, without evidence of causality relationship. CONCLUSIONS—Benfluorex as an add-on therapy was superior to placebo in lowering A1C with a between-group difference of 1% in type 2 diabetic patients whose disease was insufficiently controlled with sulfonylurea alone and in whom metformin was contraindicated or not tolerated.
Combined endobronchial and oesophageal endosonography for the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer
Authors: Peter Vilmann, Paul Frost Clementsen, Sara Colella, Mette Siemsen, Paul De Leyn, Jean-Marc Dumonceau, Felix J. Herth, Alberto Larghi, Enrique Vazquez-Sequeiros, Cesare Hassan, Laurence Crombag, Daniël A. Korevaar, Lars Konge, Jouke T. Annema
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2015)

New guidelines for combined endobronchial and oesophageal mediastinal nodal staging of lung cancer http://ow.ly/MwM4H
Induction of labour versus expectant monitoring for gestational hypertension or mild pre-eclampsia after 36 weeks' gestation (HYPITAT): a multicentre, open-label randomised controlled trial
Authors: Corine M Koopmans, Denise Bijlenga, Henk Groen, Sylvia MC Vijgen, Jan G Aarnoudse, Dick J Bekedam, Paul P van den Berg, Karin de Boer, Jan M Burggraaff, Kitty WM Bloemenkamp, Addy P Drogtrop, Arie Franx, Christianne JM de Groot, Anjoke JM Huisjes, Anneke Kwee, Aren J van Loon, Annemiek Lub, Dimitri NM Papatsonis, Joris AM van der Post, Frans JME Roumen, Hubertina CJ Scheepers, Christine Willekes, Ben WJ Mol, Maria G van Pampus
Journal: The Lancet (2009)
Selective Deficiency Of Prostaglandin E2 Uncovers A Dominant Effector Role For Thromboxane A2 In Allergen-induced Pulmonary Inflammation And Vascular Remodeling
Authors: T. Liu, C. Feng, T.M. Laidlaw, W. Xing, S. Shen, G. Milne, J.A. Boyce
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
Rice Consumption and Urinary Arsenic Concentrations in U.S. Children
Authors: Matthew A. Davis, Todd A. Mackenzie, Kathryn L. Cottingham, Diane Gilbert-Diamond, Tracy Punshon, Margaret R. Karagas
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2012)

Background: In adult populations, emerging evidence indicates that humans are exposed to arsenic by ingestion of contaminated foods such as rice, grains, and juice; yet little is known about arsenic exposure among children.Objectives: Our goal was to determine whether rice consumption contributes to arsenic exposure in U.S. children.Methods: We used data from the nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to examine the relationship between rice consumption (measured in 0.25 cups of cooked rice per day) over a 24-hr period and subsequent urinary arsenic concentration among the 2,323 children (6–17 years of age) who participated in NHANES from 2003 to 2008. We examined total urinary arsenic (excluding arsenobetaine and arsenocholine) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) concentrations overall and by age group: 6–11 years and 12–17 years.Results: The median [interquartile range (IQR)] total urinary arsenic concentration among children who reported consuming rice was 8.9 μg/L (IQR: 5.3–15.6) compared with 5.5 μg/L (IQR: 3.1–8.4) among those who did not consume rice. After adjusting for potentially confounding factors, and restricting the study to participants who did not consume seafood in the preceding 24 hr, total urinary arsenic concentration increased 14.2% (95% confidence interval: 11.3, 17.1%) with each 0.25 cup increase in cooked rice consumption.Conclusions: Our study suggests that rice consumption is a potential source of arsenic exposure in U.S. children.
Serum Albumin and Risk of Myocardial Infarction and All-Cause Mortality in the Framingham Offspring Study
Authors: Luc Djoussé, Kenneth J. Rothman, L. Adrienne Cupples, Daniel Levy, R. Curtis Ellison
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background— Coronary disease remains the leading cause of death in the United States. The association between serum albumin and cardiovascular disease remains controversial. We used data collected prospectively from participants of the Framingham Offspring Study to assess whether a lower concentration of serum albumin was associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and all-cause mortality. Methods and Results— During 21.9 years of mean follow-up, 280 cases of MI occurred. From the highest to the lowest tertile of serum albumin, crude incidence rates of MI were 26.7, 46.7, and 67.8 cases per 10 000 person-years, respectively, for men and 5.9, 15.0, and 16.8 cases per 10 000 person-years, respectively, for women. In a Mantel-Haenszel method adjusting for age, total cholesterol, and hypertension, lower serum albumin was associated with an increased risk of MI in both sexes. From the highest to the lowest tertile of albumin, the adjusted hazard ratios (95% CI) of MI were 1.0 (reference), 1.25 (0.84 to 1.84), and 1.49 (1.01 to 2.21), respectively, for men and 1.0, 1.79 (0.88 to 3.65), and 2.12 (1.06 to 4.27), respectively, for women. The albumin-MI association was stronger among hypertensive subjects in both sexes. In addition, low albumin was associated with an increased rate of all-cause mortality in women. Conclusions— Lower serum albumin concentrations appear to be associated with an increased risk of coronary disease in both sexes and with all-cause mortality in women and could help along with traditional risk factors in identifying people at risk of MI.