tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Association of Surgeons in Training Conference: #ASiT2015 Glasgow
Authors: V.J. Gokani, A.J. Beamish, P. Sinclair, A. Robson, R.L. Harries
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2015)

The Association of Surgeons in Training (ASiT) is a professional body and registered charity working to promote excellence in surgical training for the benefit of junior doctors and patients alike. ASiT is in-dependent of the National Health Service (NHS), Surgical Royal Colleges, and specialty associations and represents trainees in all ten surgical specialties. ASiT was delighted to welcome a number of distinguished guests and speakers to Glasgow for #ASiT2015. The theme of 'The Future of Surgery' delved into challenges surgical training faces, exciting developments into using technology to help patients, a glance at the past with the development of the Glasgow Coma Score and whether mortality truly is the future of measured outcomes. More than £3500 of prizes was awarded by the incoming President, Miss. Rhiannon Harries to the highest scoring papers presented selected from over 1000 abstracts submitted.
Activation of 5-Lipoxygenase and Related Cell Membrane Lipoperoxidation in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: MAURO MACCARRONE, MASSIMO TACCONE-GALLUCCI, CARLO MELONI, NELLA COCOCCETTA, SIMONE MANCA DI VILLAHERMOSA, CARLO U. CASCIANI, ALESSANDRO FINAZZI-AGRO
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1999)

Abstract. Lipid peroxidation was shown at the membrane level in peripheral blood cells of patients hemodialyzed on cuprophan dialyzers, and was mainly attributable to the generation of conjugated hydroperoxides in the lipid bilayer. The oxidative index ( i.e. , the A 234/205 ratio) of membrane lipids was 3.2-fold higher in hemodialysis patients than in healthy control subjects, and also the level of leukotriene B 4 was significantly increased (up to 1.7-fold over control). Both membrane peroxidation and release of leukotriene B 4 were linked to upregulation of 5-lipoxygenase activity (up to 2.4-fold over control) and expression at the protein level (up to 1.9-fold). Vitamin E, the most important lipophilic antioxidant, prevented both membrane peroxidation and release of leukotriene B 4 by inhibiting 5-lipoxygenase activity without affecting enzyme expression. Similar results were observed in patients hemodialyzed on polymethylmetacrylate membranes, but in this case the activation of 5-lipoxygenase was less pronounced. The use of a purified 5-lipoxygenase demonstrated that vitamin E was a reversible inhibitor of enzyme activity (IC 50 = 35 ± 4 μM), further characterized as noncompetitive (Ki = 30 ± 3 μM). Taken together, the results reported here shed some light on the mechanism responsible for the oxidative damage in hemodialysis. Moreover, the beneficial effect of vitamin E described here may have relevance for the therapy of patients with kidney disease.
Oncolytic adenovirus improves anti-tumor efficacy of adoptive T cell therapy by breaking tumor-induced immunosuppression and peripheral tolerance
Authors: Siri Tähtinen, Susanna Grönberg-Vähä-Koskela, Dave Lumen, Maiju Merisalo-Soikkeli, Mikko Siurala, Anu J Airaksinen, Markus Vähä-Koskela, Akseli Hemminki
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2015)

Meeting abstracts Adoptive T cell therapies (ACT) using genetically re-directed blood T cells have shown exceptional efficacy in the treatment of CD19-expressing hematological malignancies. In contrast, rapid progress in the development of approaches to treat solid tumors have provided proof-of-
The cognitive-spiritual dimension – an important addition to the assessment of quality of life: Validation of a questionnaire (SELT-M) in patients with advanced cancer
Authors: B. van Wegberg, M. Bacchi, P. Heusser, S. Helwig, R. Schaad, E. von Rohr, J. Bernhard, C. Hürny, M. Castiglione, Th. Cerny
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1998)
Bichat guidelines for the clinical management of anthrax and bioterrorism-related anthrax
Authors: P Bossi, A Tegnell, A Baka, F van Loock, J Hendriks, A Werner, H Maidhof, G Gouvras
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2004)

The spore-forming Bacillus anthracis must be considered as one of the most serious potential biological weapons. The recent cases of anthrax caused by a deliberate release reported in 2001 in the United States point to the necessity of early recognition of this disease. Infection in humans most often involves the skin, and more rarely the lungs and the gastrointestinal tract. Inhalational anthrax is of particular interest for possible deliberate release: it is a life-threatening disease and early diagnosis and treatment can significantly decrease the mortality rate. Treatment consists of massive doses of antibiotics and supportive care. Isolation is not necessary. Antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin are recommended for post-exposure prophylaxis during 60 days.
Vitamin D insufficiency is common and associated with complications in cystic fibrosis
Authors: J E Ostberg
Journal: Thorax (2009)

Vitamin D insufficiency (VDI) contributes to low bone mineral density (BMD) in adults with cystic fibrosis (CF). Vitamin D may improve skeletal/respiratory muscle function and upregulate antimicrobial peptides, improving immunity. This 2-year retrospective study reviewed medical records of 185 adults of mean (SD) age 29 (9) years with CF. Parameters of bone health and the relationship between vitamin D status and …
HLA Class II Restricted T-Cell Reactivity to a Developmentally Regulated Antigen Shared by Leukemic Cells and CD34+ Early Progenitor Cells
Authors: Tuna Mutis, Ellen Schrama, Simone A.P. van Luxemburg-Heijs, J.H.F Falkenburg, Cornelis J.M. Melief, Els Goulmy
Journal: Blood (1997)
The Mammoth in the Room
Authors: Daniel Goodenberger
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Ad Libitum1 December 2015The Mammoth in the RoomDaniel Goodenberger, MDDaniel Goodenberger, MDFrom St. Louis, Missouri.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M14-1586 Audio Reading - “The Mammoth in the Room” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "The Mammoth in the Room," by D. Goodenberger. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail At the elevator, waiting, aged hip unquiet, urging patience. He approaches—didn'tI see you in the GI lab when I had my colonoscopy, talking to Dr. D?Ah—probably about shared ultrasound, uncovering cancer high and low, between us. Here to see him?No, my first chemo. Colon? Lung, in the center of my chest, like my fist, they can't remove it.Testing—Alk1 negative, awaiting … EGFR? Hope the side effects are not too bad.Buttercups froze in my mouth as Berezovska's malignant chill embraced us;Freezing the smile upon my face, making solid his brittle hope, and erasing my arthritic pain. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From St. Louis, Missouri.Current Author Address: Daniel Goodenberger, MD; e-mail, daniel.[email protected]gov. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “The Mammoth in the Room” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "The Mammoth in the Room," by D. Goodenberger. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 December 2015Volume 163, Issue 11Page: 835KeywordsColonColonoscopyEstimated glomerular filtration rateHipLungsMouthThoraxUltrasound imaging ePublished: 1 December 2015 Issue Published: 1 December 2015 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2015 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Multiplexed Dosing Assays by Digitally Definable Hydrogel Volumes
Authors: Adele Faralli, Fredrik Melander, Esben Kjær Unmack Larsen, Sergey Chernyy, Thomas L. Andresen, Niels B. Larsen
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2015)

Stable and low‐cost multiplexed drug sensitivity assays using small volumes of cells or tissue are in demand for personalized medicine, including patient‐specific combination chemotherapy. Spatially defined projected light photopolymerization of hydrogels with embedded active compounds is introduced as a flexible and cost‐efficient method for producing multiplexed dosing assays. The high spatial resolution of light projector technology defines multiple compound doses by the volume of individual compound‐embedded hydrogel segments. Quantitative dosing of multiple proteins with a dynamic range of 1–2 orders of magnitude is demonstrated using fluorescently labeled albumins. The hydrogel matrix results from photopolymerization of low‐cost poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylates (PEGDA), and tuning of the PEGDA composition enables fast complete dosing of all tested species. Dosing of hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds is demonstrated using two first‐line chemotherapy regimens combining oxaliplatin, SN‐38, 5‐fluorouracil, and folinic acid, with each compound being dosed from a separate light‐defined hydrogel segment. Cytotoxicity studies using a colorectal cancer cell line show equivalent effects of dissolved and released compounds. Further control of the dosing process is demonstrated by liposomal encapsulation of oxaliplatin, stable embedding of the liposomes in hydrogels for more than 3 months, and heat‐triggered complete release of the loaded oxaliplatin.
Linezolid in drug-resistant tuberculosis: haste makes waste
Authors: Sourin Bhuniya, Prasanta Raghab Mohapatra, Manoj Kumar Panigrahi, Priyadarshini Behera, Gourhari Pradhan
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2015)

Hughes et al. [1] should be commended for their interesting short study on evaluating the efficacy of linezolid in drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB). However, there are some points of concern that need to be discussed. A recent systematic review and meta-analysis cautions the use of linezolid in multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB because of the frequency and severity of adverse events ( i.e. peripheral and optic neuropathy, myelosuppression and gastrointestinal disorders), despite its excellent efficacy. This robust study recommends the use of linezolid in only severe and difficult-to-treat cases but under strict supervision [2]. The use of linezolid should be preserved for XDR-TB and complicated drug-resistant-TB only <http://ow.ly/Tzg66>
Blood levels of chemotherapeutic agents and clinical outcome.
Authors: J R Bertino
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1987)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1987.5.7.996 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 3598617 Blood levels of chemotherapeutic agents and clinical outcome. J R BertinoxJ R BertinoSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1987.5.7.996 PDF "Blood levels of chemotherapeutic agents and clinical outcome.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 5(7), p. 996© 1987 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Synergistic effect of recombinant interferon-gamma and interleukin-3 on the growth of immature human hematopoietic progenitors
Authors: Y Kawano, Y Takaue, A Hirao, T Abe, S Saito, K Matsunaga, T Watanabe, M Hirose, T Ninomiya, Y Kuroda
Journal: Blood (1991)
Human immunodeficiency virus in injecting drug users in Europe following a reported increase of cases in Greece and Romania, 2011
Authors: A Pharris, L Wiessing, O Sfetcu, D Hedrich, A Botescu, A Fotiou, G K Nikolopoulos, M Malliori, M Salminen, J E Suk, P Griffiths, M J van de Laar
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2011)

Greece and Romania reported an increased number of HIV cases among injecting drug users (IDUs) during 2011. Most European countries reported no changes in the rate of newly diagnosed cases of HIV or HIV prevalence in IDUs; however, six countries did report increases and several additional countries reported increases in injecting risk indicators or low coverage of prevention services. These indicate a potential risk for increased HIV transmission and future outbreaks unless adequate prevention is implemented.
Bereavement Is Associated with an Increased Risk of HPV Infection and Cervical Cancer: An Epidemiological Study in Sweden
Authors: Donghao Lu, Karin Sundström, Pär Sparén, Katja Fall, Arvid Sjölander, Joakim Dillner, Nathalie Ylitalo Helm, Hans-Olov Adami, Unnur Valdimarsdóttir, Fang Fang
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Grief over the loss of a family member may cause physical and mental illness, but an association between bereavement and cancer risk has not been established. Based on the Swedish National Cervical Screening Register (1969-2011) including 14,011,269 smears from 2,466,107 women, we conducted two nested case-control studies to examine the associations of bereavement (i.e., loss of a family member due to death) with abnormal cytology (390,310 first abnormal and 1,951,319 normal smears) and in situ/invasive cervical cancer (75,128 case and 375,640 control women), both individually matched on year of birth and screening adherence. Among 1,696 of the control women, we further investigated bereavement in association with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, both HPV16 and other HPV types. Bereavement was consistently associated with a 4% to 9% increased risk for first abnormal cytology, in situ and invasive cervical cancer (all P < 0.02). The associations became stronger when multiple losses, loss of child, sibling or spouse, and loss due to unnatural cause were analyzed separately (P for trend or difference < 0.0001), and for women with high screening adherence (P for difference < 0.05). Among 1,696 women who had not developed cervical cancer, we further investigated the link between bereavement and HPV infection. Bereavement was associated with a 62% increased risk of HPV16 infection, high viral load, and recurrent infection, and was also more strongly associated with HPV infections designated as high-risk compared with low-risk determinants of cervical carcinogenesis. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that bereavement is associated with an increased risk of developing cervical cancer. Further, they suggest that this association may be attributed to stress-induced oncogenic HPV infections.
CRISPR-Cas Gene Editing to Cure Serious Diseases: Treat the Patient, Not the Germ Line
Authors: Ante S. Lundberg, Rodger Novak
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2015)

CRISPR-Cas9 is a powerful new technique that allows for precise editing of DNA, the genetic code in all the cells of our body. It is also broadly available and easy to use, which has raised the fea...
Low Levels of Brain Protein Linked to PTSD
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Relationship Between Cesarean Delivery Rate and Maternal and Neonatal Mortality
Authors: George Molina, Thomas G. Weiser, Stuart R. Lipsitz, Micaela M. Esquivel, Tarsicio Uribe-Leitz, Tej Azad, Neel Shah, Katherine Semrau, William R. Berry, Atul A. Gawande, Alex B. Haynes
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Based on older analyses, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that cesarean delivery rates should not exceed 10 to 15 per 100 live births to optimize maternal and neonatal outcomes.To estimate the contemporary relationship between national levels of cesarean delivery and maternal and neonatal mortality.Cross-sectional, ecological study estimating annual cesarean delivery rates from data collected during 2005 to 2012 for all 194 WHO member states. The year of analysis was 2012. Cesarean delivery rates were available for 54 countries for 2012. For the 118 countries for which 2012 data were not available, the 2012 cesarean delivery rate was imputed from other years. For the 22 countries for which no cesarean rate data were available, the rate was imputed from total health expenditure per capita, fertility rate, life expectancy, percent of urban population, and geographic region.Cesarean delivery rate.The relationship between population-level cesarean delivery rate and maternal mortality ratios (maternal death from pregnancy related causes during pregnancy or up to 42 days postpartum per 100,000 live births) or neonatal mortality rates (neonatal mortality before age 28 days per 1000 live births).The estimated number of cesarean deliveries in 2012 was 22.9 million (95% CI, 22.5 million to 23.2 million). At a country-level, cesarean delivery rate estimates up to 19.1 per 100 live births (95% CI, 16.3 to 21.9) and 19.4 per 100 live births (95% CI, 18.6 to 20.3) were inversely correlated with maternal mortality ratio (adjusted slope coefficient, -10.1; 95% CI, -16.8 to -3.4; P = .003) and neonatal mortality rate (adjusted slope coefficient, -0.8; 95% CI, -1.1 to -0.5; P < .001), respectively (adjusted for total health expenditure per capita, population, percent of urban population, fertility rate, and region). Higher cesarean delivery rates were not correlated with maternal or neonatal mortality at a country level. A sensitivity analysis including only 76 countries with the highest-quality cesarean delivery rate information had a similar result: cesarean delivery rates greater than 6.9 to 20.1 per 100 live births were inversely correlated with the maternal mortality ratio (slope coefficient, -21.3; 95% CI, -32.2 to -10.5, P < .001). Cesarean delivery rates of 12.6 to 24.0 per 100 live births were inversely correlated with neonatal mortality (slope coefficient, -1.4; 95% CI, -2.3 to -0.4; P = .004).National cesarean delivery rates of up to approximately 19 per 100 live births were associated with lower maternal or neonatal mortality among WHO member states. Previously recommended national target rates for cesarean deliveries may be too low.
Finding the Common Thread in Rare Diseases
Authors: Eric K. Nakakura
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2015)

Soft-tissue sarcomas are extremely rare, with an estimated 11 930newcases in theUnitedStates in2015, representing less than 1% of all new cancer cases.1 They are a heterogeneous group of diseases with more than 80 different histologic types and subtypes that have widely different clinical behaviors andoutcomes.2 Leiomyosarcomas involving the inferiorvenacava (IVC)are the rarest of the rare; even at tertiary referral centers, no more than approximately 1 case per year is seen.3 In this issue of JAMA Surgery, Roland et al4 describe one of the largest singleinstitution reviews of leiomyosarcomas arising from the IVC and other vessels, adding to our very limited understanding of these rare diseases. For all surgeonswho resect retroperitoneal neoplasms, an important take-home point is preoperative recognition and preparation.5 Consider the possibility of a leiomyosarcoma in the IVCwhen imagingshowsaright-sidedretroperitonealmass abutting the IVC (especially if no lumen is present at the site of contact) or an intraluminal IVC mass,6 and anticipate the complex surgical issuespotentially necessary for removal (eg, ligation, patch, or graft of IVC;managementof renal veins; hepatectomy; or cardiopulmonary bypass). A complete resection, performed safely, is the only chance for long-term survival.3 However, local and distant recurrences are common, so better adjuvant therapies are needed. Site is an important prognostic factor for soft-tissue sarcomas.2 The series of patients in Roland et al4 includes patientswith leiomyosarcomas arising fromthe IVC (n = 42) and patientswith leiomyosarcomas arising fromother vessels, includingsaphenous, femoral, renal,andupper-extremityveins.4 Certainly, the surgical complexity of resecting a leiomyosarcoma in the IVC is much greater than the surgical complexity of resecting one arising from an upper-extremity vein. Other factors, suchasunique tumorbiology,mayalso affect theoutcomes of patients with leiomyosarcomas arising from different vessels, so it may not be appropriate to lump all these heterogeneous sites together. Nevertheless, Roland et al4 should be applauded for their immunohistochemical studies seeking to identify the specificmolecular alterations thatmaybedriving tumorprogression and thatmay serve aspotential targets for therapy.4 Leiomyosarcomas arising from various vessels may share key signaling pathways that drive other forms of cancer. As new therapies targeting these signaling pathways are developed, there is the hope of improving the outcome of patients with cancer, including those patients with extremely rare types of cancer that share these molecular alterations.
Exploratory Analysis of a Prognosis Predictive Model for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Treated with Chemotherapy
Authors: Mamoru Tanaka, Hozumi Kumagai, Junji Kishimoto, Satomi Mukaide, Hisanobu Oda, Kenji Mitsugi, Akitaka Makiyama, Masato Komoda, Hitoshi Kusaba, Eishi Baba
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
A Pilot Study to Investigate Factors to Predict the Effect of Fulvestrant 500Mg Treatment in Postmenopausal Patients with Tam or Ai-Resistant Estrogen Receptor Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: S. Noda, Y. Asano, K. Kurata, T. Morisaki, S. Kashiwagi, H. Kawajiri, T. Takashima, N. Onoda, K. Hirakawa
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)