tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Antitumor Activity of Vitamin A and Its Derivatives&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;1&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Yasutoshi Muto, Hisataka Moriwaki
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)

Studies were conducted for investigation of the inhibitory effect on the development of experimental tumors of the skin and liver with vitamin A-like compounds, with a particular focus on a new synthetic derivative of the polyprenoic acid 3,7,11,15-tetramethy 1-2,4,6,10.14-hexadecapentaenoic acid (E-5166). Incidence of skin papilloma, chemically induced in mice, was significantly influenced by dietary vitamin A contents. When given orally at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight, β-carotene regressed the skin papilloma to some extent (—16% at 14 days), although its effect was much weaker than that of E-5166 (—43%). E-5166 also significantly reduced tumor incidences of experimental hepatomas induced by chemical carcinogen in rats as well as in “spontaneous” hepatoma-bearing mice (C3H/HeNCrj) genetically determined. Further chemical studies revealed that retinol was locally deficient in the hepatomas but not in adjacent normal livers: In particular, anhydroretinol was newly detected in the tumors of spontaneous hepatoma-bearing mice, suggesting increased conversion of retinol into the inactive metabolite. Moreover, cellular retinoid-binding protein, F-type (an oncofetal protein), also newly appeared exclusively in the hepatoma tissues, suggesting that the preventive effect of E-5166 on hepatocarcinogenesis was mediated, at least in part, through its binding with the new retinoid receptor.
Doxorubicin plus dacarbazine for the treatment of desmoid tumors in association with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP)
Authors: M. Gega, H. Yanagi, M. Noda, R. Yoshikawa, T. Yamamura
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

3609 Background: Desmoid tumors are locally aggressive tumors and sometimes fatal for FAP patients with the tumors that are not amenable to surgery or radiation therapy. We investigated the efficacy of a chemotherapeutic regimen which included doxorubicin and dacarbazine, for inoperable desmoid tumors associated with FAP. Methods: Seven out of 11 (of 120 FAP) patients, with symptomatic, unresectable desmoid tumors associated with FAP and unresponsive to conventional hormone therapy, were enrolled. A chemotherapy regimen of 4–5 cycles of doxorubicin (dose ranging from 20 mg/m2) and dacarbazine (150 mg/m2) in divided doses 5 days of continuous infusion every 28 days, followed by a COX-2 inhibitor, meloxicam (400 mg/m2). The primary endpoint was relapse free survival. Secondary endpoints included toxicity, clinical improvement and tumor regression assessed by computed tomography. Results: In each of the seven cases, significant tumor regression was seen clinically and radiologically. Three of these patients showed CR. Progression free survival was 64.0 (22.5–97.5) M. All seven patients are alive without tumor progression.Three cases showed Grade 3 adverse events with no treatment death. Conclusions: A chemotherapeutic regimen of doxorubicin and dacarbazine followed by meloxicam for desmoid tumors associated with FAP is an effective and safe treatment, and may provide long-term clinical benefits. The chemotherapy should be started early in cases of symptomatic desmoid tumor unresponsive to conventional medical therapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
End of life care is more hospital-centric in England than in US, research finds
Authors: Jacqui Wise
Journal: BMJ (2016)

The United States has the lowest proportion of over 65s with cancer who die in acute care hospitals, a comparison of seven developed countries published in JAMA has shown.1

The first international comparative study of care practices at the end of life compared Belgium, Canada, England, Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, and the US, using registry data from 2010.

End of life care was found to be more hospital-centric in Belgium, Canada, England, Germany, …
Abstract 18231: Intraventricular Velocity Gradient of the Blood Flow during Isovolumic Relaxation is Useful to Assess Left Ventricular Suction
Authors: Shohei Kikuchi, Kazuaki Wakami, Shuichi Kitada, Tomonori Sugiura, Toshihiko Goto, Tomomitsu Tani, Nobuyuki Ohte
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction:  Newly developed software Vector Flow Mapping (VFM, Hitachi-Aloka) enables us to assess the blood flow velocity vectors that are computed from conventional color Doppler (CD) imaging data at any phase of a cardiac cycle without angle dependency. Some previous studies reported that the blood flow toward left ventricular (LV) apex during isovolumic relaxation (IR) phase was observed using CD imaging. We investigated whether the velocity gradient of this flow had any relations with LV systolic and early diastolic function.   Methods:  Study subjects consisted of 37 patients who underwent diagnostic cardiac catheterization and CD imaging on the same day. Nine of them had prior myocardial infarction, while remaining 28 had no localized LV wall motion abnormality. CD images were acquired in the apical 3-chamber view using an echo equipment Prosound afla10TM (Hitachi-Aloka). The analyses for flow velocity vector were performed offline using an echo image analyzer (DAS-RS1TM, Hitachi-Aloka). A sampling line was set parallel to blood flow stream during IR from apex to the level of mitral annulus. We obtained the intraventricular velocity gradient during IR (IVG-IR) with respect to distance (that is ∂v/∂x) as follows: peak velocity on the sampling line divided by the distance from apex to the point where the velocity peak was observed. LV pressure wave was obtained using a catheter-tipped micromanometer, and then the first derivative of LV pressure (dP/dt) and a time constant τ of LV pressure decay during IR were calculated. LV volumes were obtained by left ventriculography. LV end-systolic volume was indexed to the body surface area of each patient (LVESVI).   Results:  IVG-IR had significant correlations with both peak negative dP/dt and time constant τ (r=0.66, p   Conclusions:  This study indicates that good LV contraction enhances LV early diastolic function trough the blood flow toward the LV apex during IR from the base. The IVG-IR may be a surrogate parameter that reflects the magnitude of LV suction.
Improved risk assessment in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia based on sex-specific molecular profiling
Authors: I. Tinhofer, G. Rubenzer, C. Holler, M. Stoecher, A. Egle, R. Greil
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

7090 Background: B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) is a heterogeneous disease with some patients having an indolent course and others a rapidly progressing one. As underlying molecular mechanisms of differential disease activity, genomic aberrations, the mutational status of the variable region of the immunoglobulin heavy chain (Ig VH) and distinct expression levels of Zap-70 and CD38 have recently been identified, and their capacity to interact with survival and proliferation signals of B-CLL cells has directly been linked to progression and response to therapy. Although male sex has also been identified as risk factor for a more aggressive disease in B-CLL, the molecular basis for this interaction remains elusive. Methods: We compared the prognostic value of the above-mentioned molecular risk factors between female (n=88) and male patients with B-CLL (n=116). Differences in their frequency was evaluated using the Chi-square test. Their impact on treatment-free and overall survival of patients was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test. The prognostic value of each molecular risk parameter in female and male patients was determined using the Cox proportional hazards regression model. Results: High CD38 expression (=30%), unmutated Ig VH gene (=98%) and unfavorable genetic aberrations (i.e. del17p, del11q or tri12) detected in the neoplastic clone identified patients with significantly shortened treatment-free survival, irrespective of the sex of patients. In contrast, Zap70 expression in more than 20% of B-CLL cells was negatively associated with treatment-free survival only in female (RR: 3.5, 95% CI 1.5 –7.9, P=.003) but not in male patients (RR: 1.6, 95% CI 0.9 –2.9, P=.089). In addition, we identified high CD38 expression in T-cells as independent negative prognostic marker in male (RR: 2.8, 95% CI 1.5 –5.0, P=.0006) but not in female patients (RR: 1.9, 95% CI 0.8 –4.6, P=.17). Based on these results we developed a novel sex-adapted algorithm for improved risk assessment in B-CLL. Conclusions: We identified sex-specific differences in the prognostic value of Zap-70 and CD38 in B-CLL. Whether this can be explained by modulation of their specific signaling pathways by sex hormones will have to be addressed in future studies. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Effect of dexamethasone (DEX) dose modification on osteonecrosis (ON) risk associated with intensified therapies for standard risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia (SR-ALL): A report from the Children’s Oncology Group (COG) study AALL0331.
Authors: Leonard A. Mattano, Meenakshi Devidas, Alison M. Friedmann, Elizabeth A. Raetz, Stephen Hunger, Naomi Joan Winick, William L. Carroll, Kelly W. Maloney
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

10002 Background: ON is a known toxicity of childhood ALL therapy, particularly in patients (pts) &gt;9 years (y). Intensified use of DEX, methotrexate (MTX), and asparaginase (ASNase) may increase the risk of developing ON among B-precursor NCI SR-ALL pts despite their younger age. Methods: Newly diagnosed SR-ALL pts 1-9y enrolled on AALL0331 between 4/05 and 5/10 were prospectively monitored for symptomatic ON within three treatment cohorts risk-stratified by clinical, cytogenetic, and early response criteria. ON sites were confirmed by imaging. SR-Low (SRL) pts were randomized to standard therapy +/- 4 additional doses of PEG-ASNase. SR-Average (SRA) pts were randomized (2x2) to standard therapy +/- an intensive consolidation (IC) +/- an augmented interim maintenance/delayed intensification (AIM/ADI). SR-High (SRH) pts all received IC and two AIM/ADI phases. After 6/08, alternate week DEX (AWD, days 1-7/15-21) replaced continuous DEX (days 1-21) during DI, and escalating-dose MTX replaced oral MTX during IM. All pts received DEX days 1-28 during induction and 5-day pulses every 4 weeks during maintenance. Results: Overall ON cumulative incidence (CI) at 5y was 2.7% (133/5261), correlating with sex (F 3.7%, M 1.9%, p&lt;0.0001), age (1-2y 0.8%, 3-4y 2.0%, 5-6y 3.3%, 7-9y 7.8%, p&lt;0.0001), and risk group (SRL 2.6%, SRA 2.9%, SRH 5.7%, p=0.0009). Before 6/08, ON CI was higher for SRA pts given intensive vs standard consolidation (5.8% vs 1.9%, p=0.002), and trended higher for SRL pts given additional PEG-ASNase (4.0 vs 2.3%, p=0.09). Use of AWD significantly reduced ON CI at 3y among SRH pts (7.4% vs 1.5%, p=0.003) and further reduced ON events in SRL/SRA pts. Conclusions: Young children receiving intensified therapy for SR-ALL therapy are at risk for ON. Extended exposure to PEG-ASNase is a likely contributing factor, possibly by potentiating DEX exposure during DI. ON risk can be significantly reduced by using AWD during DI, which is now COG standard of care. Clinical trial information: NCT00103285.
Combined modality therapy in esophageal cancer.
Authors: L H Einhorn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1990)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1990.8.7.1286 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 2358843 Combined modality therapy in esophageal cancer. L H EinhornxL H EinhornSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1990.8.7.1286 PDF "Combined modality therapy in esophageal cancer.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 8(7), pp. 1286–1287© 1990 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Elementary Technique in Histology and Bacteriology
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Phase I trial of IL-2 plasmid DNA with electroporation in metastatic melanoma
Authors: J. M. Richards, R. Gonzalez, P. Schwarzenberger, E. Whitman, K. Stardal, C. Westhoff, R. Moss, L. Strause, L. Selk
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

8578 Background: Significant toxicity limits the systemic delivery of high-dose recombinant Interleukin-2 (IL-2). An alternative method for extended dosing of IL-2 that may reduce toxicity is by intratumoral injection of IL-2 plasmid DNA (pDNA) with electroporation (EP). Methods: A phase I dose-escalation trial is ongoing in subjects with metastatic melanoma to evaluate the safety of intratumoral delivery of IL-2 pDNA (VCL-IM01, Vical Inc., San Diego, CA) followed by EP (MedPulser DNA EPT System, Inovio, San Diego, CA). Eligible subjects have recurrent metastatic melanoma; an injectable lesion = 1 cm 2 and &lt; 25 cm 2 ; ECOG 0 or 1; LDH = 1.5 × ULN, and no brain or liver metastases. In the dose-escalation stage of the trial, 3 subjects in each dose cohort received up to 2 cycles of treatment, each consisting of 4 weekly injections followed by a 4-week observation period. Dose levels included 0.5, 1.5, 5.0 mg/tumor, and 15.0 mg (5 mg in each of 3 tumors). A safety assessment was conducted for each cohort prior to enrollment of the next cohort. In the 2 nd trial stage, 17 subjects are to be enrolled at the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). The observation period is shortened to 2 weeks between cycles. For all subjects, safety is assessed at every visit. Results: 12 subjects (7 male, 5 female) were enrolled in the dose escalation stage, 3 subjects at each dose. Ages range from 38 to 86 years. No Grade 3 or 4 adverse events (AEs) were reported related to study drug or procedures. All related AEs (12 reported) were Grade 1: 5 related to study drug, 4 to the EP procedure, and 3 to both. Injection site pain was the most common AE. No dose-limiting toxicities occurred; thus the MTD was defined as the 15 mg dose (5 mg/tumor in 3 tumors). To date, 6/17 subjects in Stage 2 of the trial (5 mg/tumor, up to 3 tumors injected) have been enrolled with no Grade 3 or 4 AEs related to study drug or injection/EP procedures. Physicians have observed responses in treated and untreated lesions. Overall response data will be presented. Conclusions: Intratumoral administration of IL-2 pDNA with EP appears safe and well tolerated in 18 patients with metastatic melanoma when given up to a 15 mg dose (5 mg/tumor). Preliminary indications of decreased tumor size suggest local and systemic activity of IL-2 pDNA with EP. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 13151: Gestational Hypertension May be a Good Clue to Predict Developement of Left Ventricular Dysfunction
Authors: Yasuyo Komoriya, Hisashi Umeda, Takashi Okajima, Kazumasa Suga, Kazutaka Hayashi, Shinjiro Miyata, Hiroshi Miyake, Ryoji Ishiki, Mitsunori Iwase
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is known as a rare cause of heart failure affecting pregnant women without any history of cardiac disease. However, we don’t have any clues to predict a...
Effect Of MYD88 Mutation In CLL On IRAK4 and BTK Inhibition In Vitro
Authors: Bethany Tesar, Divya Chaudhary, Lillian Werner, Reina Improgo, Nathalie Pochet, Stacey M Fernandes, Kevin Hoang, Alexander R. Vartanov, Donna L. Romero, Shaughnessy D. Robinson, Donna S. Neuberg, William F. Westlin, Jennifer R. Brown
Journal: Blood (2013)
Effect of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Immunization in Marmosets Infected Experimentally With &lt;italic&gt;Herpesvirus saimiri&lt;/italic&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: V Schauf, L Falk, F Deinhardt
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

Eight white-lipped marmosets immunized with BCG and 3 sham-immunized marmosets were studied after inoculation with Herpesvirus saimiri (HVS). BCG immunization had no significant influence on the incidence of infection by HVS, incidence of fatal malignant lymphoma, time of leukemia onset, development or titer of HVS antibodies, or average survival time. One BCG-immunized, HVS-infected marmoset failed to develop malignant lymphoma, whereas the remaining 10 HVS-infected marmosets died of malignant lymphoma. Prolonged survival occurred also in 1 marmoset immunized with BCG 100 days after HVS inoculation. The development and disappearance of lymphocyte reactivity to tuberculin were followed in 4 BCG-immunized marmosets.
Metastatic Thyroid Adenocarcinomas in a Captive Population of Kelp Bass, &lt;italic&gt;Paralabrax clathratus&lt;/italic&gt;
Authors: G C Blasiola, J C Turnier, E E Hurst
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

In 1976, a spontaneous outbreak of thyroid adenocarcinoma occurred in a captive population of kelp bass, Paralabrax clathratus. Of 180 adult fish that died over 18 months, more than 100 had thyroid lesions. Nodules varied in size, consisted microscopically of diffusely expansive sheets of thryoid-like follicles, were present in the gill filaments, and projected from the floor of the pharynx into the buccal cavity. Although few of the morphologic criteria for malignancy existed in individual cells, the metastatic nature of the neoplasms was evidenced by the focal presence of follicles within the internal organs of many fish. Local invasiveness to surrounding tissue as well as metastases to distant organs suggested the designation of carcinoma, although some specimens could be classified as simple hyperplasias alone. The tumors may have developed from such hyperplastic tissue, and the etiology was possibly linked to a deterioration of water quality, with the potential presence of single- or multiple-factored carcinogens or goitrogens. This report is the first known documentation of thyroid neoplasia in this species of serranid.
Association of early post-transplant interferon levels and CMV infection after HSCT
Authors: E. Padron, J. Schold, J. Dallas, J. Levine, V. A. Reddy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

7095 Background: Interferons are an important family of proteins secreted by activated T-cells and NK cells making them vital for viral defense. We hypothesize that those with high interferon levels would have lower rates of CMV infection. We investigate their association with CMV infection in patients after allogenic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Methods: Patients were included in the study if recipients and/or donors were CMV sero-positive prior to transplant. The study examined the association of early IFN- γ levels (defined at 4 days post-transplantation) with clinical outcomes of CMV, AGVHD, relapse and death in myeloablative transplants. Early IFN levels were categorized into low (=0 units), mid (=1 unit), high (>1 unit) and examined with outcomes based on Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard models. Results: A total of 81 patients were examined, 44% had no IFN detectable at 4 days post- transplant (low group), 23% had mid and 32% had high levels. Patients with high levels of IFN had significantly greater onset of CMV in Kaplan- Meier models (p=0.02). The multivariate model demonstrated a 2-fold relative hazard for CMV onset in high IFN groups (AHR=2.0, 95% C.I. 1.0- 3.9) relative to the low group (p=0.05) with adjustment for age and transplant relation. Onset of AGVHD, relapse, and death were not significantly different between groups. Conclusions: Higher post-transplant interferon levels are associated with an increase in CMV infection. Contrary to our hypothesis, that IFN would be protective against CMV, our results indicate a risk of CMV reactivation with higher levels of IFN. There is in vitro evidence suggesting that CMV upregulates expression of interferons. Our observations might reflect this association and could be important in early detection of potential CMV infection, leading to potential preemptive and therapeutic strategies. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Cutaneous involvement of disseminated adenovirus infection in an allogeneic stem cell transplant recipient
Authors: A. Keyes, M. Mathias, F. Boulad, Y.J. Lee, M.A. Marchetti, A. Scaradavou, B. Spitzer, G.A. Papanicolaou, I. Wieczorek, K.J. Busam
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2015)

Infection by human adenoviruses can lead to significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised hosts, such as allogeneic stem cell transplant (SCT) recipients, with limited effective treatment options. Specific cutaneous manifestations of disseminated adenovirus infection are not well described. We report a woman in her twenties who received an allogeneic T-cell-depleted peripheral blood SCT for the treatment of severe aplastic anaemia and, 5 months post-transplant, was hospitalized for severe systemic adenovirus infection with progressive involvement of the colon, liver and lungs. Despite therapy with intravenous cidofovir, oral brincidofovir and intravenous immunoglobulin, she had progression of adenoviraemia and dissemination of adenoviral disease. The patient developed a progressive rash characterized by keratotic papules that began on the palms and soles and spread to the entire body. Histopathological examination of skin biopsies of individual skin lesions from the palm and abdomen showed focal acantholytic dyskeratosis and keratinocytes with hyperchromatic nuclei. Several keratinocyte nuclei were immunoreactive for adenovirus. The patient was further treated with ribavirin and adenovirus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes but experienced multisystem progression of adenovirus infection culminating in death.
Nitrosation of d-N,N'-Bis(1-hydroxymethylpropyl)ethylenediamine, an Antitubercular Drug
Authors: Ruggero Montesano, Helmut Bartsch, Henriette Brésil
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

The nitrosation of d-N,N′ -bis(1-hydroxymethylpropyl) ethylenediamine, a widely used antitubercular drug, in buffered aqueous solution with a 1 or 2 M excess of sodium nitrite yielded a dinitroso derivative; the reaction gave a maximal yield at pH 3 after 60 minutes. The new compound was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared, UV, and mass spectrometric analyses as d-N,N′ -bisnitroso-N,N′ -bis(1-hydroxymethylpropyl)ethylenediamine. It was converted into d-N,N′ -bisnitroso-N,N′-bis(1-acetoxymethylpropyl)ethylenediamine. Mice given orally 70–80 mg/kg of the dinitroso derivative developed severe liver necrosis.