tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Uselessness of serous CA125 in clinical evaluation of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM)
Authors: F. Sperandi, A. Marino, C. Pinto, B. Melotti, V. Mutri, F. L. Rojas Llimpe, S. Giaquinta, A. Martoni
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

7286 Background: Clinical practice and limited series showed an increase of serous CA125 levels in MPM. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential role of serous CA125 determination in MPM clinical evaluation. Methods: Between January 2000 and October 2004, in 50 consecutive pts CA125 was measured at diagnosis, during chemotherapy and after operation in case of surgery, by immunochemiluminescent assay. Pt characteristics were: 37 (74%) men, 13 (26%) women; median age 65 years (37–77); median Karnofsky PS 90 (70–100); IMIG stage: 6 (12%) I, 13 (26%) II, 16 (32%) III, 15 (30%) IV; histologic subtype: 43 (86%) epithelial, 5 (10%) mixed and 2 (4%) sarcomatous. Chemotherapy regimens were: CP+GEM followed by MMM (34 pts), CP+MTA (8 pts), CP+GEM (5 pts), MTA (2 pts), GEM (1 pt). Results: At diagnosis, in only 18 pts (36%) CA125 was > 35 U/ml (normal value). There was no correlation between basal mean CA125 and disease stage: 20.7 (7–65) at stage I, 143.7 (8–1424) at stage II, 50.4 (3–191) at stage III, 46.1 (3–349) at stage IV. The analysis of histologic subtype showed a correlation between CA125 levels and histologic pattern: epithelial (mean 84.5; range 3–1424), mixed (mean 45.4; range 21–66), sarcomatous (mean 15.9; range 3–29). In 25 unresectable pts, treated with first line chemotherapy, the correlation between objective responses and CA125 was as follows: reduction in 1 (from 349 to 7), stabilization in 5 and increase in 1 (from 15 to 47) out of 7 pts with CR/PR; reduction in 1 (from 1424 to 924), stabilization in 8 and increase in 5 out of 14 pts with SD; reduction in 1 (from 58 to 12) and stabilization in 3 out of 4 pts with PD. Only 1 out of 6 pts with resectable disease treated with multidisciplinary approach with no macroscopic residual disease had CA125 reduction after treatment (from 191 to 15). In all 50 pts there was no correlation between basal CA125 and OS (p=0,9; Cox regression test). Conclusions: These data suggest uselessness of serous CA125 dosage in diagnosis, staging and clinical evaluation of pts with MPM. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
10-year follow-up of the efficacy of clodronate on bone mineral density (BMD) in early stage breast cancer
Authors: T. Saarto, L. Vehmanen, C. Blomqvist, I. Elomaa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

676 Background: We have previously reported that clodronate prevents bone loss in breast cancer patients (JCO 1997;15:1341, BJC 1997;75(4):602 and EJC 2001;37:2373). Here we report the 10-year follow-up data. Methods: 268 pre- (PRE) and postmenopausal (POST) node positive breast cancer patients were randomized to clodronate (CL), orally 1.6 g daily, or control groups for 3 years. PRE were treated with adjuvant chemotherapy and POST with antiestrogens (AE), tamoxifen 20 mg or toremifene 60 mg, for 3 years. The BMD of the lumbar vertebrae L1–4 (BMDLS) and femoral neck (BMDFN) was measured before the treatment and at 1, 2, 3, 5 and 10 years. 93 patients were eligible for 10-year analyses: 53 PRE and 40 POST. 132 patients had metastatic disease or died and 39 were either lost to follow-up or had to be excluded because having diseases or medications that influences bone metabolism. Results: PRE: BMDLS decreased -12.4% in the control and −8.7% in the CL group in 10 years: from 0 to 3 years −6.9 % vs. −4.2% and from 3 to 10 years −5.5% and −4.5%, respectively. BMDFN decreased −8.8% and −7.2%: from 0 to 3 years −2.9% vs. −2.6% and from 3 to 10 years −5.9% vs. −4.6%, respectively. POST: BMDLS decreased −3.0% in the AE and −1.7% in the AE+CL group in 10 years: from 0 to 3 years −1.5% vs. + 1.2% and from 3 to 10 years −1.5% vs. −2.9%, respectively. BMDFN decreased −7.7% and −6.0%: from 0 to 3 years −0.1% vs. +1.9% and from 3 to 10 years −7.6% vs. −7.9%, respectively. These differences do not reach statistical significance. At 10-years 18 patients had osteoporosis in LS and 15 in FN. Only 4 patients who had osteoporosis at 10 years had normal BMD before the therapy. Conclusions: As reported previously, clodronate prevents the bone loss during treatment in pre- and postmenopausal women. This beneficial effect seems to be maintained at least for 7 years after treatment termination in premenopausal. In postmenopausal women the effect seems to diminish within time. Due to small numbers of patients these differences are no longer statistically significant. Patients at risk of developing osteoporosis are among those who has pretreatment osteopenia i.e. baseline BMD measurement has predictive value. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
The offspring of alcoholics: a critical review
Authors: N El-Guebaly, D R Offord
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1977)

In their review of the literature on the effects of parental alcoholism on the offspring of alcoholics, the authors focus on sample collection, criteria used for the diagnosis of parental alcoholism, and definitions of "emotional disturbances." Studies are grouped according to age of offspring; within each age group, the various approaches to the issue are described. The authors suggest a need for more carefully controlled studies using blind data collection and clear operational definitions. In addition, the "risk" status of offspring of alcoholics should be compared to that of children whose parents have other types of serious psychiatric disturbance. Although the literature has focused on the "casualties," the authors note that much could be learned from studies of the "successes"--those children who do not seem to be at increased risk for pychosocial illness despite the alcoholism of their parents.
Grief and loss among Eskimos attempting suicide in western Alaska
Authors: R J Gregory
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

Data were collected prospectively from psychiatric evaluations performed on 53 consecutive Eskimos in the Bering Strait region who attempted suicide. Depressive diagnoses were common (N = 49). Thirty-seven (70%) of the attempts were preceded by a recent interpersonal loss. Sixty percent of the patients had lost a parent during childhood. Poor affective relatedness, especially around issues of loss, was noted in most of the patients. Thus, both multiple losses and limited grieving mechanisms may be important risk factors for attempted suicide in this population.
포스터전시 : 우리나라 만성간질환 환자에서 C형간염바이러스 감염의 위험인자: 증례-대조군 연구 (초)
Authors: 김종엽, 조주희, 배시현, 김영석, 이한주, 김진욱, 정숙향
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2010)
The impact of breast care nurses on early-stage breast cancer patients' perception of quality of care: The results of a multilevel regression analysis.
Authors: C. Kowalski, S. Diener, P. Steffen, R. Wuerstlein, N. Harbeck, H. Pfaff
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

6061 Background: So far, few studies have investigated the impact of specially trained breast care nurses on patients' perception of care. The aim of this study was to investigate whether early-stage breast cancer patients have a more positive perception of quality of care if breast care nurses are employed in the treating breast centers, while controlling for relevant patient and hospital characteristics. Methods: Multilevel regression analysis was performed combining two datasets: survey data provided by early-stage breast cancer patients on their perception of quality of care and data on hospital characteristics provided by the administration of the breast centers in which the patients were treated. Results: Data from 2,265 patients from 84 hospitals were analyzed using multilevel logistic regression models. Patient satisfaction with care was significantly higher in hospitals that employed breast care nurses at the time of the survey (OR: 1.74; CI: 1.21-2.51). Other hospital characteristics (number of hospitals per breast center, teaching status, DMP hospital, clinical trials) were not associated with satisfaction with care. On the patient level, satisfaction with care was significantly higher if the patients were native speakers of German (OR: 2.27; CI: 1.46-3.53) and significantly lower if patients were (partly) privately insured (OR: 0.80; 0.63-1.00). Satisfaction with care was not found to be significantly associated with cancer stage, type of surgery or age. Cross-level interaction effects suggest that satisfaction with care in hospitals employing breast care nurses is only increased in native speakers of German. Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrate that patient satisfaction with care is higher if breast care nurses are employed in the treating hospital. However, this satisfaction is only higher in native speakers of German. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
The effect of preoperative albendazole treatment on the cuticular membrane of the pulmonary hydatid cysts
Authors: Ozan Usluer, Ozgur Samancilar, Kenan Can Ceylan, Seyda Kaya
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background: In this study, the effect of preoperative albendazole treatment on the tensile forces of the cuticular membrane of the pulmonary hydatid cysts is investigated.

Methods: A prospective study on the forty-four patients operated for pulmonary hydatid cysts between January 2009 and November 2010 is planned. The study is approved by the ethics comitte of our centre. Seventeen patients having 20 cysts in the group A operated after three cycles of peroral 10mg/kg/day albendazole treatment where the 27 patients having 29 cysts in group B are operated without any preoperative administration of albendazole. Tensile stress tests were carried out on the exised cuticular membrane for the both groups on the fresh tissue.

Results: The results of this study have shown that the tensile strength of the cuticular membrane of the cysts excised from group A is lesser than group B and the difference between the two groups is statistically significant.

Conclusion: Albendazole treatment decreases the tensile strength of the cuticular membrane of the pulmonary hydatid cysts which may lead to perforation. The patients should be operated as soon as possible without any preoperative medical treatment in order to prevent the complication of the cyst before the definitive surgical treatment.
Green tea increases the effectiveness of tamoxifen
Authors: Maryam R. Sartippour, David Heber, Liping Zhang, Ming Lu, Mai N. Brooks
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 46, 2005

5182 

Current breast cancer prevention surgical or medical strategies for high risk women are traumatic, and involve serious side effects. Therefore, it is crucial to identify alternative methods to prevent breast cancer or reduce risk. Studies in our laboratory have provided evidence that green tea extract inhibits breast cancer growth via a direct anti-proliferative effect on the tumor cells, as well as an indirect suppressive effect on the endothelial cells. Recently we investigated whether green tea would increase the effectiveness of the commonly used chemopreventive drug tamoxifen. In vitro proliferation assays showed that green tea extract decreased the ED50 (50% effective dose) of tamoxifen in both estrogen-receptor positive human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 and in HUVEC (human umbilical vein endothelial cells). Green tea also increased the TUNEL-positive apoptosis exerted by tamoxifen on MCF-7 cells. In mouse experiments, the combination of green tea and tamoxifen suppressed breast cancer xenograft growth more efficiently than either agent alone. This combination decreased the overall vessel density in treated mouse tumors (16.5 ± 1.5 vessels per high power field), compared to the control group (30.7 ± 2.2 vessels per high power field). Treated tumor specimens also showed less Estrogen receptor alpha, and more TUNEL-positive apoptosis. Further studies may lead to the adaptation of combination regimens that are more effective and less toxic.
High training workloads alone do not cause sports injuries: how you get there is the real issue
Authors: Tim J Gabbett, Billy T Hulin, Peter Blanch, Rod Whiteley
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2016)

Clinicians or strength and conditioning professionals who prescribe training workloads aim for workloads that are high enough to improve fitness (ie, performance), but not so high as to risk injury. At the extremes, no training results in an unprepared athlete, whereas an overuse injury is, by definition, an error in training prescription.1 Banister et al 2 first described an athlete's training state as the difference between positive (ie, ‘fitness’) and negative (ie, ‘fatigue’) influences. To quantify this concept, ‘fitness’ was represented as the workload (an arbitrary ‘training impulse’) of the athlete over a 3–6 weeks period and ‘fatigue’ was represented by the workload performed over a shorter time frame of 1 week. We recommend the terms ‘chronic workload’ for the longer window of training (ie, Banister's ‘fitness’) and ‘acute workload’ for the immediate window of training (ie, Banister's ‘fatigue’) (figure 1). High chronic workloads (ie, intense training), combined with reductions in acute workloads before important competition (ie, taper), would be expected to improve sporting performance.2



Figure 1 
Acute and chronic workloads and the calculation of the acute:chronic workload ratio as a …
Oral fingolimod in primary progressive multiple sclerosis (INFORMS): a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Fred Lublin, David H Miller, Mark S Freedman, Bruce A C Cree, Jerry S Wolinsky, Howard Weiner, Catherine Lubetzki, Hans-Peter Hartung, Xavier Montalban, Bernard M J Uitdehaag, Martin Merschhemke, Bingbing Li, Norman Putzki, Fonda C Liu, Dieter A Häring, Ludwig Kappos
Journal: The Lancet (2016)
Cytogenetic Diagnosis of Cancer: Abnormalities of Chromosomes and Polyploid Levels in the Bone Marrow of Patients With Small Cell Anaplastic Carcinoma of the Lung&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: D H Wurster-Hill, L H Maurer
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1978)

The chromosomes of metastatic cells and polyploid levels in the bone marrow of 26 patients with small cell anaplastic carcinoma were studied by direct bone marrow preparation and trypsin-Giemsa banding. Eighteen of these patients had received no tumor therapy and 8 had had chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy; 18 patients, including 5 who had received therapy, had karyotypic abnormalities with or without elevation of the polyploid level. Modal numbers and chromosome abnormalities were highly variable in treated and untreated patients. Modes ranged from hypodiploid to polyploid, but polyploid modes were the most frequently observed abnormal modes. Polyploid modes were not seen, however, in post-therapy patients with the exception of one who had received radiation therapy to the mediastinum for only 4 days prior to withdrawal of the specimen for chromosome analysis. Ten patients had elevated polyploid levels that ranged from 4.24 to 44.8% and always occurred in conjunction with karyotypic abnormalities. Both aneusomy (abnormal number) of normal chromosomes and structural aberrations (markers) occurred frequently. Some markers were consistent within an individual, but other variable aberrations were also typically present. Very few markers were common to 2 or more patients. The no. 1 chromosome participated in marker formation in 14 of the 18 patients with karyotypic abnormalities. Of the 26 patients, 5 were negative for metastasis to the marrow by pathologic examination but positive by cytogenetic diagnosis, whereas none were positive by pathologic examination and negative by cytogenetic diagnosis; this demonstrated that cytogenetics may be used as a rapid adjunct diagnostic procedure for the detection of metastasis in the marrow.
S10 The Impact of Omalizumab on Lung Function and Quality of Life in Patients with Severe Allergic Asthma in UK Clinical Practice: A multi-centre prospective observational study – APEX II
Authors: R Niven, R Kurukulaaratchy, L Heaney
Journal: Thorax (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> A previous retrospective UK study (APEX I) demonstrated omalizumab significantly reduced oral corticosteroid (OCS) use, exacerbations, lung function and quality of life (QoL in severe allergic asthmatic (SAA) patients. <h3>Aim</h3> This multi-centre observational study was conducted to confirm the observed retrospective findings prospectively. <h3>Methods</h3> Retrospective data were collected 12 months prior to and prospective data were collected 12 months following omalizumab initiation in SAA patients ≥16 years. The primary endpoint was the change in mean daily oral corticosteroid (OCS) dosage. Secondary endpoints included changes in lung function, ACT and AQLQ scores and missed days in education/work and employment in the 12 months pre and post omalizumab initiation. <h3>Results</h3> 258 patients were enrolled from 22 UK centres (January 2012–February 2015); mean age 44.7 years (±SD 14.2), 65% females, mean asthma duration 25.1 years (±SD 15.1) For the ITT population (n = 235), 82.4% of patients were classified as responders. At 12 months, mean daily OCS dose significantly decreased by 16% from 10.3 mg/day (±7.1) to 8.7 mg/day (±8.6) (n = 211, p &lt; 0.001) and 61.6% of patients stopped OCS or reduced OCS dose by ≥20%. The mean (±SD) FEV<sub>1</sub> significantly increased from 66.9% (±19.35%) to 71.3% (±20.9%) in the 12 months post compared to pre- omalizumab initiation (p &lt; 0.001 n = 118). Comparing the 12 months periods prior to and following initiation of omalizumab, the mean ACT score improved from 9.8 (±4.3) to 14.4 (±5.7) (n = 162, p &lt; 0.001) and the mean AQLQ score improved from 3.2 (±1.3) to 4.4 (±1.5) (n = 161, p &lt; 0.001). There was a significant decrease in missed days from work/education following omalizumab initiation (12 months pre-omalizumab: 14.65 days; 12 months post-omalizumab 6.22 days with p &lt; 0.01; n = 63). For 93 patients unemployed/not in education at the study start, 72 were unemployed/not in education at study end. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The data prospectively confirm that omalizumab is associated with significant reduction in OCS use, lung function, ACT, AQLQ and days missed from work/education.
Abstract P296: Racial Differences in Hyperglycemia: Comparative Prognostic Value of Traditional and Nontraditional Glycemic Markers
Authors: Christina M Parrinello, Nisa M Maruthur, A. R Sharrett, Ronald Klein, Richard Bergenstal, Morgan E Grams, Josef Coresh, Elizabeth Selvin
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Associations of nontraditional measures of hyperglycemia with clinical outcomes in blacks and whites are unknown and could help address the debate over race-specific cut-points for hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Methods: We included 9,434 white and 2,898 black participants from the ARIC Study with measures of HbA1c, fructosamine, glycated albumin and 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) at visit 2 (1990-92). Diagnosed diabetes was defined by self-reported physician diagnosis of diabetes or glucose-lowering medication use. We created cut-points for the nontraditional markers corresponding to accepted HbA1c clinical cut-points. For each glycemic marker, we used Cox models to assess adjusted associations with incident coronary heart disease (CHD), ischemic stroke, heart failure and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) through 2011; and logistic regression for concurrent retinopathy. We included an interaction term for category of glycemia and race. Results: Median levels in blacks versus whites without diagnosed diabetes were 5.7 and 5.4% for HbA1c; 234 and 225 μmol/L for fructosamine; 13.3 and 12.5% for glycated albumin; and 17.3 and 19.0 μg/mL for 1,5-AG, respectively. Median levels in blacks versus whites with diagnosed diabetes were 8.8 and 7.4% for HbA1c; 344 and 292 μmol/L for fructosamine; 22.5 and 17.7% for glycated albumin; and 3.5 and 6.6 μg/mL for 1,5-AG, respectively. Associations of hyperglycemia, as assessed by different glycemic markers, with CHD and ESRD were similar by race (p-values for interaction &gt;0.20, Figure ). Results were similar for stroke, heart failure and retinopathy (p-values for interaction &gt;0.10). Conclusions: Blacks had consistently higher levels of glycemia than whites as assessed by higher HbA1c, fructosamine, and glycated albumin, and lower 1,5-AG. However, associations of all glycemic markers with outcomes were similar by race. Our results support the use of similar clinical cut-points for diagnosis and management of diabetes using HbA1c in blacks and whites.
The occurrence of pneumonia in COPD patients treated with salmeterol xinafoate 50mcg/fluticasone propionate 250mcg (SFC250) - Interim report of post-marketing surveillance in Japan
Authors: Yoriko Morioka, Terufumi Hara, Hideo Kikkawa, Hideki Hitosugi, Pascal Yoshida
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Design: This was a non-interventional, observational, post-marketing surveillance conducted in Japan in a clinical practice setting.  Method: Patients with COPD who were new users of SFC250 were enrolled. This report focuses on whether there is an association of COPD treatment with ICS and pneumonia as suggested in the literature. The history of pneumonia in 1 year prior to and after starting SFC250 was collected retrospectively and prospectively along with additional safety information.  Result: 1,420 case cards were collected as of 31st October 2011, and 1,358 patients were eligible for safety evaluation. 78.4% were 65 years or older. 246 adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were reported in 181 patients. Most frequently reported ADRs were clinical bacterial pneumonia 4.9%, dysphonia 3.2%, bronchitis 1.2% and pneumonia (other) 0.8%. In 1,350 patients who were treated with SFC250 for any duration, diagnosis of pneumonia was reported as an adverse event in 8.4% of patients in the prior year, and 8.4% after starting SFC250. For the 922 patients were treated with SFC250 for 1 year, the diagnosis of pneumonia was made in 8.7% and 7.3% of patients in the year prior to and after starting SFC250, respectively. Pneumonia was more frequent in patients who had a hospitalization, lower BMI, longer duration of COPD, ex-smoker, severe COPD and patients with complication. The trend was the same in the year prior to and post SFC250.  Conclusions: In clinical practice setting, the frequency of pneumonia was comparable before and after starting SFC250.