tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinical impact of irradiated lung volumetric modeling in adjuvant breast radiotherapy.
Authors: V. Shankar, R. Paliwal, C. Haritha, D. V. Mehta, S. N. Patel, P. V. Patel, N. Khara, A. Javia
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e11079 Background: To prospectively evaluate the dose-volume histogram (DVH) data of irradiated lung in adjuvant breast radiotherapy (ABR) using 3D-CRT technique; deduce the percent irradiated volume (PIV) from 2-D parameters using the modeling equations and analyse the clinical impact with respect to functional and radiological parameters. Methods: Patients beginning ABR between January 2007 and Dec. 2009 were prospectively reviewed. Patients included were women aged ≥ 18 years with ductal carcinoma in situ or stage I–III invasive carcinoma, who received radiotherapy using a 3D-CT technique to the breast or chest wall (2-field radiotherapy [2FRT]) with or without supraclavicular/postaxillary boost (4-field radiotherapy [4FRT]), to 50.4 Gy in 28 fr. Lung DVH parameters (V10, V20, V30, V40), 2D parameters (central lung depth [CLD], maximum lung depth [MLD], and lung length [LL]) are reported. Post treatment all patients underwent 3 monthly clinical/lung function/radiologic test and 6 monthly HRCT scan. Modelling equations to predict the PIV from 2D parameters was developed using linear regression analysis. The resultant functional and radiologic abnormalities over the follow-up period were analysed using Mann-Whitney U test. Binary logistic regression used to evaluate relationship between PIV and radiation pneumonitis (RP). Results: A total of 44 patients met the inclusion criteria: 6 had 2FRT, and 38 had 4FRT. With a median follow-up of 14 months, 3 patients reported mild respiratory symptoms at 1 month, which resolved completely at 3 months after radiotherapy. A significant decrease of FVC, FEV1, TLC and maximal flow rate was observed at 3 months, with partial/total recovery at 9 months in the women treated with 4-F RT, whereas no decrease of PFT's was evidenced in women treated exclusively with 2-F RT. Grade I Opacities detected by HRCT at 3 mo were present in 4 and 1 patient(s) (PIV 15-19.9 and mean lung dose 10.1-15) undergoing 4F-RT and 2-F RT, none of these opacities were detected by CXR. Conclusions: Within the range evaluated in this study, the 3D parameters (PIV) better predicted a early decrease in pulmonary function, although HRCT detected RP was observed only when more than 11% of the lung was irradiated in locoregional ABR. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Comparing utilities for advanced colorectal cancer valued from societal and cancer patients' perspectives using baseline data from the MAX study
Authors: M. R. Stockler, P. S. Grimison, T. J. Price, G. A. van Hazel, B. A. Robinson, A. Broad, V. Ganju, K. Wilson, V. Tunney, N. C. Tebbutt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

6504 Background: Utilities are needed to calculate quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) when comparing treatments in cancer trials. It is unclear if i) utilities should be based on the valuations of cancer patients or lay people; ii) utilities generated from cancer- specific questions discriminate between health states better than generic utilities. The purpose of this study was to compare utilities from 2 instruments based on different valuations, questions and algorithms. Methods: 430 patients about to start the MAX randomised trial of chemotherapy for advanced colorectal cancer completed 2 instruments at baseline. The EQ-5D uses generic items to generate utilities based on time-trade offs done by lay people. The Utility Based Questionnaire-Cancer (UBQ-C) uses cancer-specific items to generate utilities based on time trade offs done by cancer patients. Utilities were compared with paired t test & rank correlation. The ability of the EQ-5D and UBQ- C to discriminate by ECOG performance status (PS) and presence or absence of severe cancer-related symptoms was compared. Results: PS was 0 in 57%, 1 in 38%, & 2 in 5%. 18% had severe cancer-related symptoms. Utilities for the EQ-5D and UBQ-C were substantially correlated (r=0.64) but were significantly higher for the UBQ-C than EQ-5D (mean difference 0.16, 95% CI 0.14–0.18, p < 0.0001). Discriminative validity of both was excellent with p<0.0001 for all comparisons (table 1). Conclusion: Utilities were 20% higher with the UBQ-C compared to the EQ-5D and this could significantly alter results of decision analyses and economic analyses. Differences probably reflect the use of cancer patients rather than lay people for valuation, but the effect of different questions and algorithms cannot be determined from this dataset. The utilities derived from generic and cancer-specific items were both able to discriminate between cancer health states. Future work using longitudinal data from the MAX study will compare their responsiveness. Mean Utilities All patients EQ-5D UBQ-C 0.75 0.92 Performance status 0–1 0.77 0.92 2 0.40 0.76 Severe symptoms No 0.80 0.94 Yes 0.51 0.81 Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Roche Roche Roche Roche
Abstract 3118: Combined Assessment of Intima-Media Thickness and Echolucency of an Atherosclerotic Plaque in Carotid Artery has an Additive Value on Prediction of Future Coronary Events in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Carotid Atherosclerosis
Authors: Mitsumasa Hirano, Takamitsu Nakamura, Yoshinobu Kitta, Isao Takishima, Aritaka Makino, Keita Sano, Yasushi Kodama, Ken-ichi Kawabata, Jun-ei Obata, Kiyotaka Kugiyama
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Single ultrasound assessment of either intima-media thickness (IMT) or plaque echolucency of carotid artery is considered a surrogate for systemic atherosclerotic burden and provides prognostic information for coronary events. The assessment of IMT and plaque echolucency of carotid artery has the advantage of obtaining structural and compositional information on atherosclerotic plaques in a single session. This study examined the hypothesis that the combined ultrasound assessment of IMT and echolucency in a carotid artery may have an additive effect on the prediction of coronary events in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Ultrasound assessment of carotid IMT and plaque echolucency with integrated backscatter (IBS) analysis (intima-media IBS value minus adventitia IBS) was performed in 411 patients with CAD and carotid plaques (IMT ≥ 1.1 mm). The plaque with the greatest axial thickness in carotid arteries was the target for measurement of maximum IMT (plaque-IMTmax) and echolucency (lower IBS reflects echolucent plaque). All patients were prospectively followed up for 70 months or until the occurrence of one of the following coronary events: cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or unstable angina pectoris requiring revascularization. During follow-up, 49 coronary events occurred (cardiac death in 2, myocardial infarction in 10, unstable angina in 37). In a multivariate Cox hazards analysis, plaque-IMTmax and plaque echolucency (lower IBS value) were significant predictors of coronary events (HR; 1.82 and 0.85, 95% CI 1.2 – 2.9 and 0.80 – 0.91, respectively, both p &lt; 0.01) independently of age, LDL-C levels, and diabetes. When outcomes were stratified according to plaque-IMTmax and plaque echolucency in combination or alone, the combination of plaque-IMTmax and plaque echolucency was the strongest predictor of events, followed by plaque echolucency and plaque-IMTmax, on the basis of the c -statistic (area under the ROC curve; 0.80, 0.73, and 0.71, respectively). Combined ultrasound assessment of IMT and echolucency of carotid plaque had an additive value on the prediction of coronary events, and these simultaneous ultrasound measurements may be useful for risk stratification in CAD.
Assessment Of The Value Of a Day 14 Bone Marrow In Newly Diagnosed AML
Authors: Todd Allen Yezefski, Hu Xie, Pamela S. Becker, John M. Pagel, Roland B. Walter, Vicky Sandu, Paul C. Hendrie, Janis Abkowtiz, Frederick R. Appelbaum, Elihu H. Estey
Journal: Blood (2013)
Overexpression of p53 protein in a high-risk population of patients with superficial bladder cancer before and after bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy: correlation to clinical outcome.
Authors: L Lacombe, G Dalbagni, Z F Zhang, C Cordon-Cardo, W R Fair, H W Herr, V E Reuter
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1996)

PURPOSE We have previously demonstrated that p53 overexpression is predictive of disease progression and survival in Ta, Tis, and T1 tumors. Instillation of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is now accepted to be the most efficient adjuvant therapy for superficial bladder carcinoma. The aim of this study was to determine if p53 status, assessed before and after intravesical BCG therapy, can predict clinical outcome in a high-risk population of patients with superficial bladder carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS We examined 196 tissue specimens from 98 patients, obtained immediately before and after intravesical BCG therapy. The pretherapy population was composed of 22 Ta, 57 Tis, and 19 T1 tumors. After BCG, 66 specimens were TO and 32 had residual tumors. Nuclear p53 overexpression was analyzed in relation to time to disease progression and disease-specific survival. RESULTS The median follow-up duration was 44 months. The detection of nuclear p53 overexpression before BCG therapy did not predict response to BCG therapy. Pre-BCG p53 protein overexpression, response to BCG therapy, and pre-BCG stage were all independent markers of disease progression. In patients with residual disease after BCG therapy (nonresponders), multivariate analysis confirmed that posttherapy p53 overexpression was the only independent marker of disease progression. CONCLUSION In this high-risk population of patients with superficial bladder tumors, patients who have p53 nuclear overexpression in the tumor and stage T1 disease before BCG therapy are at high risk of disease progression. Furthermore, in the group of patients with residual disease after BCG therapy, p53 status is a better predictor of disease progression than post-BCG stage.
Systematic Method to Obtain Novel Genes That Are Regulated bymi Transcription Factor: Impaired Expression of Granzyme B and Tryptophan Hydroxylase in mi/mi Cultured Mast Cells
Authors: Akihiko Ito, Eiichi Morii, Kazutaka Maeyama, Tomoko Jippo, Dae-Ki Kim, Young-Mi Lee, Hideki Ogihara, Koji Hashimoto, Yukihiko Kitamura, Hiroshi Nojima
Journal: Blood (1998)
Neuroprotective effect of SSRI among 781 cancer patients receiving chemotherapy: A URCC CCOP Study
Authors: P. Jean-Pierre, S. Mohile, G. Morrow, C. Figueroa-Moseley, J. Berenberg, J. Atkins, M. Weiss
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

9512 Background: Cancer and its treatment impact important areas of cognitive function such as attention and memory, which are essential to patients effective psychosocial functioning and quality of life. Previous studies reported that 17% to 75% of cancer patients reported cognitive dysfunction during and after treatment. Few studies, however, have examined the effectiveness of pharmacological interventions to control cancer-related cognitive dysfunction (CRCD). The present study examines the effect of paroxetine hydrochloride (Paxil, P) on CRCD. Methods: The sample included 574 female and 207 male cancer patients between 22 and 87 years. Memory Problems was assessed using a Self-Reported Memory Problem (SRMP) measures derived from the Fatigue Symptom Checklist that relate to memory dysfunction. Cronbach coefficient alpha (α) and a principal components analysis (PCA) were conducted to determine reliability and appropriateness of the SRMP for this sample. A repeated measure ANOVA (r-ANOVA) and t-tests were used to assess changes in mean scores on the SRMP and the effect of P versus placebo. Depression was assessed using the CESD. Results: Scale reliability assessment showed α = .90, supporting the reliability of the SRMP. The PCA revealed a one-component structure that explained 72% of the variance. The r-ANOVA showed a significant difference between scores on the SRMP at baseline (after first chemotherapy cycle, and before P) and follow-up (after four cycles of chemotherapy, after P) (Wilks' Lambda = .99, F (1, 583) = 5.52, p = 0.02). The t-tests also showed a significant effect of P on CRMP (p &lt; 0.05). P had a significant effect after controlling for depression (p &lt; 0.001) Conclusions: CRCD is a serious problem for patients that can be alleviated by P. Future studies should examine the usefulness of other psychotropic agents and combined behavioral and pharmacologic interventions to control CRCD. Supported by NCI Grants U10CA37420, R25CA102618, and 3U01CA116924–04S1. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Differences in prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) between male and female patients with moderate and severe obstructive sleep apnea. The definition is certainly an important factor
Authors: Maria Xanthoudaki, Paschalis Steiropoulos, Evangelia Nena, Maria Antoniadou, Maria Manidou, Stavros Anevlavis, Marios Froudarakis, Georgios Kolios, Demosthenes Bouros
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background:  Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) has been associated with Metabolic Syndrome (MS). Aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of MS in OSA patients using the National Cholesterol Education Program9s Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) and International Diabetes Federation (IDF) definition of the MS.   Methods:  Newly diagnosed, moderate-to-severe, consecutive OSA patients were included. Anthropometric characteristics and cardiovascular risk factors were recorded. Both ATP III and IDF criteria were used for diagnosing MS.   Results:  A total of 410 patients (323 male) were included to the study. Mean age was 54.9±12.5 years, mean Body Mass Index (BMI) was 35.74±6.88 kg/m 2  and mean AHI was 50.5±24.7/hour. Using the IDF criteria, 41.5% of the patients (n=170) were diagnosed with MS, while using the ATP III definition, 157 patients (38.3%) met the criteria for MS.  In moderate (AHI 15-29.9/h) OSA subgroup (n=106), a significant difference was found in MS prevalence between men and women using either ATP III (50% of women vs. 24.3% of men; p=0.021) or IDF criteria (63.3% of women vs. 28% of men, p=0.001). In severe (AHI ≥30/h) OSA subgroup (n=304), prevalence of MS was higher in women when the ATP III definition was used (52.6% of women vs. 37.4% of men, p=0.037) but not when the IDF definition was used (54.4% of women vs. 39.8% of men; p=0.053).   Conclusion:  Among patients with moderate-to-severe OSA, MS is highly prevalent and women are at higher cardiovascular risk. However, the estimated prevalence of MS can be significantly affected when different criteria of MS (ATP III or IDF) are used.
Abstract 19801: Obesity, Insulin Resistance and Loss of Dipping are Associated With Pulse Wave Velocity in Prepubertal Children
Authors: Ana Luísa Costa, Liane Correia-Costa, Alberto Caldas Afonso, Franz Schaefer, António Guerra, Cláudia Moura, Cláudia Mota, Henrique Barros, José Carlos Areias, Ana Azevedo
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Arterial stiffness is a dynamic property of the vessels which reflects changes in their structure and function and pulse wave velocity (PWV) is a noninvasive and high-resolution technique to indirectly evaluate it. Childhood obesity is known to be associated with the development of several cardiovascular comorbidities and to the progression of atherosclerosis. Hypothesis: We aimed to compare carotid-femoral PWV between normal weight and overweight/obese prepubertal children and to evaluate its association with other cardiovascular risk factors. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 315 children aged 8-9 years that have been followed in the population-based birth cohort Generation XXI (Portugal). Anthropometrics, 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (BP) and PWV were measured. Classification of obesity was according to World Health Organization body mass index (BMI)-for-age reference values. Results: Compared to normal weight children, overweight and obese children presented significantly higher levels of PWV (4.95 (P25-P75: 4.61-5.23), 5.00 (4.71-5.33), 5.10 (4.82-5.50) m/sec, respectively; p for trend&lt;0.001). Significant positive correlations were found between PWV and total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting insulin and insulin resistance levels (estimated by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance - HOMA-IR) and with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. In a multivariate linear regression model adjusted for sex, age, height and 24-hour systolic BP z-score, the independent determinants of PWV were BMI, HOMA-IR and the absence of dipping pattern. Conclusions: The association between PWV and the loss of dipping and insulin resistance levels, independently of the BMI, reinforces the contribution of these comorbidities to vascular injury in early life. Longitudinal studies are needed to strengthen the role of PWV as a valid tool for risk stratification in children.
Phase II trial of sorafenib in advanced carcinoma of the urothelium (E 1804): A trial of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group
Authors: R. Dreicer, H. Li, M. N. Stein, R. P. DiPaola, M. Eleff, B. J. Roth, G. Wilding
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

5083 Background: Although advanced urothelial carcinoma is a moderately chemosensitive disease and cisplatin-based chemotherapy has relatively high objective response rates, there are limited effect therapeutic options for patients whose disease progresses following front-line therapy. None of the current second line chemotherapeutic regimens have been demonstrated to improve survival. Sorafenib is a small molecular inhibitor of Raf kinase, PDGF and VEGF receptor 2 & 3 kinases. We performed a phase II trial of sorafenib in patients with advanced urothelial cancer whose disease had progressed following platinum-based chemotherapy. Methods: Patients with TCC or mixed histologies containing TCC received sorafenib 400 mg twice daily. Dose reductions were permitted for grade 3 and 4 toxicities. Patients remained on treatment until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Standard RECIST criteria were used to assess response. The trial was designed using a two-stage design with 4-month PFS rate as the primary endpoint Results: Total accrual (allowing for ineligible pts) was 27 pts. First stage accrual was suspended for a pre-planned efficacy evaluation on October 30, 2006, criteria for continuing to the second stage of accrual were not met. Five patients were ineligible but were included in the toxicity analysis. Of the 22 eligible patients, all were ECOG PS of 0 or 1, three pts (14%) and 19 (86%) had 0 and 1 MSKCC risk factors respectively. Liver, bone and lung metastases were present in 10 (45%), 9 (41%), and 14 (64%) of patients respectively. A median of 1 cycles were administered (range, 1–4). The most common reasons for discontinuing treatment were progressive disease (68%) and toxicity (18%). There were no therapy related deaths, and common grade 3 toxicities included fatigue and hand-foot syndrome. There were no objective responses to therapy. Median PFS was 2.2 months (90% CI, 1.8–3.7 months). Two out of 21 patients were alive and progression-free at 4 months after registration. The 4-month PFS rate was 9.5% (90% exact binomial CI, 1.7%- 27.0%). Median survival was 6.8 months (90% CI, 5.7–8.5 months). Conclusions: Sorafenib as a single agent has minimal activity in patients with advanced urothelial cancer in the second line setting. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Merck, Novartis
A Final Report: Phase I/II Study of Sequential Azacitidine and Lenalidomide in Patients with Higher-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) and Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)
Authors: Courtney D. DiNardo, Naval Daver, Elias Jabbour, Tapan Kadia, Gautam Borthakur, Marina Konopleva, Naveen Pemmaraju, Hui Yang, Yue Wei, William G. Wierda, Carlos E. Bueso-Ramos, Keyur P. Patel, Jorge E. Cortes, Farhad Ravandi, Hagop Kantarjian, Guillermo Garcia-Manero
Journal: Blood (2014)
Insulin-like growth factor-1 for amelioration and prevention of radiation-induced kidney dysfunction
Authors: C. Nieder, L. Cai, W. A. Weber, S. Schill, S. Astner, N. H. Andratschke, M. Molls
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

9552 Purpose: To test whether insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) ameliorates or prevents radiation-induced kidney dysfunction and to establish the dose-effect relationship for this growth factor which has not previously been studied in conjunction with kidney irradiation. Background: The kidney is one of the most radiosensitive organs in the abdomen. Therefore, modification of its radiation response might improve the therapeutic ratio in the treatment of retroperitoneal tumors as well as gastric and other malignancies. Material and Methods: Adult female C3H mice were treated with single-fraction radiotherapy to the right kidney with doses of 10–17 Gy ± IGF-1. The kidney function was assessed prior to radiotherapy, 19 weeks thereafter and then every 6 weeks by means of 99mTc-DMSA scans, i.e. static scintigraphy. Maximum follow-up was 12 months. IGF-1 was given subcutaneously either concomitant to radiotherapy or after deterioration of the kidney function, i.e. after 5–6 months. At least 5 mice per group received concomitant IGF-1 starting 24h before irradiation for 3 days or 2 weeks. Delayed treatment after deterioration of the kidney function was administered over 4 weeks, immediately followed by repeat scans every 6 weeks. Doses of IGF-1 were 0.5–25 μg per injection. Results: The function of the irradiated kidney continuously declined during follow-up in all control groups in a dose-dependent fashion. Concomitant treatment with IGF-1 significantly reduced the number of mice with a severe decline, defined as loss of function of 50% or more. In contrast to controls, no statistically significant decline of the mean kidney function was observed in the best IGF-1 group. The best dose of IGF-1 was 5 μg per injection, administered over 2 weeks. Delayed treatment after deterioration of the kidney function was unable to restore the function regardless of the IGF-1 dose. Very few animals with delayed IGF-1 showed at least stabilisation of the compromised function. Conclusion: IGF-1 showed activity as a radioprotective agent when given concomitant to high-dose kidney irradiation. The optimum dose of IGF-1 was 5 μg per injection. In contrast, established renal insufficiency did not improve after IGF-1 treatment. No significant financial relationships to disclose.