tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The development of healthy tennis clubs in the Netherlands
Authors: Babette M Pluim, Jane Earland, Nicole E Pluim
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2013)

To explore the factors that facilitate or hinder the development of healthy tennis clubs in the Netherlands and to identify suitable interventions that would help clubs to reach 'healthy club' status.A maximum variation, purposive sampling strategy was used to identify and recruit board members (n=16) from 10 Dutch tennis clubs. Data were collected using in-depth interviews based on an interview guide. The interviews explored what steps the clubs had taken to create a healthy tennis club, and what the respondents perceived to be the barriers to reaching healthy club status. The data were analysed using thematic content analysis. An ecological model was used to frame the interpretation of the themes and guide the development of the interventions.Four emerging themes were identified: provision of healthy foods, injury prevention and health services, social health and safety around the club. The main facilitators were found to be support from club management, having appropriate policies in place and having appointed officers. The main barriers were identified as a lack of policy templates, inadequate knowledge of coaches on injury prevention and injury management and fragmented access to relevant information.Guided by an ecological model, this study demonstrates the many factors that influence tennis clubs and the individual members of a healthy tennis club. Using this model, a multilevel intervention framework has been created that could be used by the Royal Netherlands Lawn Tennis Association to increase the number of healthy tennis clubs in the Netherlands.
Reduction of Tumstatin in Asthmatic Airways Contributes to Angiogenesis, Inflammation, and Hyperresponsiveness
Authors: Janette K Burgess, Sarah Boustany, Lyn M Moir, Markus Weckmann, Justine Y Lau, Karryn Grafton, Melissa Baraket, Philip M Hansbro, Nicole G Hansbro, Paul S Foster, Judith L Black, Brian G Oliver
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2009)

Angiogenesis is a prominent feature of remodeling in asthma. Many proangiogenic factors are up-regulated in asthma, but little is known about levels of endogenous antiangiogenic agents. Collagen IV is decreased in the airway basement membrane in asthma. It has six alpha chains, of which the noncollagenous domain-1 domains have endogenous antiangiogenic properties.To study the expression of the noncollagenous domain-1 of the alpha3 chain of collagen IV, tumstatin, in the airways of subjects with and without asthma and to examine the potential for tumstatin to regulate angiogenesis and inflammation.We used immunohistochemistry and dot blots to examine the expression of tumstatin in bronchial biopsies, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and serum. We then used an in vitro angiogenesis assay and a murine model of allergic airways disease to explore tumstatin's biological function.The level of tumstatin is decreased 18-fold in the airways of patients with asthma but not in subjects without asthma, including those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, and bronchiectasis. In vitro, recombinant tumstatin inhibited primary pulmonary endothelial cell tube formation. In a mouse model of chronic allergic airways disease, tumstatin suppressed angiogenesis, airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammatory cell infiltration, and mucus secretion and decreased levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and IL-13.The observation that tumstatin is decreased in asthmatic airways and inhibits airway hyperresponsiveness and angiogenesis demonstrates the potential use of antiangiogenic agents such as tumstatin as a therapeutic intervention in diseases that are characterized by aberrant angiogenesis and tissue remodeling, such as asthma.
The Serological and Molecular Epidemiology of GB Virus C/Hepatitis G Virus Infection in a Hepatitis C and B Endemic Area
Authors: M.-L. Yu, W.-L. Chuang, C.-Y. Dai, S.-N. Lu, J.-H. Wang, J.-F. Huang, S.-C. Chen, Z.-Y. Lin, M.-Y. Hsieh, J.-F. Tsai, L.-Y. Wang, W.-Y. Chang
Journal: Journal of Infection (2001)
Relapsing polychondritis: autoimmunity to type II collagen and treatment with cyclosporin A
Authors: A. ANSTEY, S. MAYOL, K. MORGAN, R.B. CLAGBE, D.D. MUNRO
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1991)

Summary A case of relapsing polychondritis (RPC) with strongly positive antibodies to both native and denatured type II collagen is reported. This is only the second report of the use of cyclosporin A in the treatment of RPC.
NKAP is required for T cell maturation and acquisition of functional competency
Authors: Fan-Chi Hsu, Anthony G. Pajerowski, Molly Nelson-Holte, Rhianna Sundsbak, Virginia Smith Shapiro
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2011)

Newly generated T cells are unable to respond to antigen/MHC. Rather, post-selection single-positive thymocytes must undergo T cell maturation to gain functional competency and enter the long-lived naive peripheral T cell pool. This process is poorly understood, as no gene specifically required for T cell maturation has been identified. Here, we demonstrate that loss of the transcriptional repressor NKAP results in a complete block in T cell maturation. In CD4-cre NKAP conditional knockout mice, thymic development including positive selection occurs normally, but there is a cell-intrinsic defect in the peripheral T cell pool. All peripheral naive CD4-cre NKAP conditional knockout T cells were found to be functionally immature recent thymic emigrants. This defect is not simply in cell survival, as the T cell maturation defect was not rescued by a Bcl-2 transgene. Thus, NKAP is required for T cell maturation and the acquisition of functional competency.
Urgent action is needed to help debt ridden hospital trust to survive
Authors: A. O'Dowd
Journal: BMJ (2012)

A hospital trust with large debts that could threaten its future must be given help urgently by the government, local commissioners, and regulators to help it become financially secure again, concludes the public spending watchdog.

The National Audit Office has highlighted the financial crisis at Peterborough and Stamford Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, which in 2011-12 had a debt of £46m—22% of its turnover and the worst in the NHS that year—and which is set to rise to more than £50m in 2012-13.

The watchdog published a report on 29 November in which it analysed the financial problems at the trust, which has struggled to maintain its finances since entering into a private finance initiative (PFI) scheme in 2007 to build a new hospital.1 …
No protection by oral terbutaline against exercise-induced asthma in children: a dose-response study
Authors: G Fuglsang, B Hertz, EB Holm
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1993)

We wanted to assess the protective effects on exercise-induced asthma as well as the clinical efficacy and safety of increasing doses of a new sustained-release formulation of terbutaline sulphate, in 17 asthmatic children aged 6-12 yrs (mean 9 yrs). Placebo, 2, 4 and 6 mg terbutaline were given b.i.d. for 14 days, in a randomized, double-blind, cross-over design. At the end of each two week period, an exercise test was performed and plasma terbutaline was measured. Compared with placebo, no significant effect was seen on asthma symptoms monitored at home, or on exercise-induced asthma. The percentage falls in FEV1 after the exercise test were 36, 35, 27 and 28%, after placebo, 4, 8 and 12 mg terbutaline.day-1, respectively. There was no correlation between plasma terbutaline and dose of terbutaline. A small but statistically significant dose-related increase in morning and evening peak expiratory flow (PEF) recordings occurred, but the incidence of side-effects also increased with the dose given. There was a trend towards more side-effects when the high doses were used, and two patients withdrew from the study because of side-effects at this dose. It is concluded that continuous treatment, even with high doses of oral terbutaline, does not offer clinically useful protection against exercise-induced asthma.
A comparison of two depths of prolonged neuromuscular blockade induced by cisatracurium in mechanically ventilated critically ill patients
Authors: Franck Lagneau, Gilles D'honneur, Benoît Plaud, Jean Mantz, Thierry Gillart, Philippe Duvaldestin, Jean Marty, Nathalie Clyti, Jean-Louis Pourriat
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2002)
Stimulation of lymphangiogenesis via VEGFR-3 inhibits chronic skin inflammation
Authors: Reto Huggenberger, Stefan Ullmann, Steven T. Proulx, Bronislaw Pytowski, Kari Alitalo, Michael Detmar
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2010)

The role of lymphangiogenesis in inflammation has remained unclear. To investigate the role of lymphatic versus blood vasculature in chronic skin inflammation, we inhibited vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor (VEGFR) signaling by function-blocking antibodies in the established keratin 14 (K14)–VEGF-A transgenic (Tg) mouse model of chronic cutaneous inflammation. Although treatment with an anti–VEGFR-2 antibody inhibited skin inflammation, epidermal hyperplasia, inflammatory infiltration, and angiogenesis, systemic inhibition of VEGFR-3, surprisingly, increased inflammatory edema formation and inflammatory cell accumulation despite inhibition of lymphangiogenesis. Importantly, chronic Tg delivery of the lymphangiogenic factor VEGF-C to the skin of K14-VEGF-A mice completely inhibited development of chronic skin inflammation, epidermal hyperplasia and abnormal differentiation, and accumulation of CD8 T cells. Similar results were found after Tg delivery of mouse VEGF-D that only activates VEGFR-3 but not VEGFR-2. Moreover, intracutaneous injection of recombinant VEGF-C156S, which only activates VEGFR-3, significantly reduced inflammation. Although lymphatic drainage was inhibited in chronic skin inflammation, it was enhanced by Tg VEGF-C delivery. Together, these results reveal an unanticipated active role of lymphatic vessels in controlling chronic inflammation. Stimulation of functional lymphangiogenesis via VEGFR-3, in addition to antiangiogenic therapy, might therefore serve as a novel strategy to treat chronic inflammatory disorders of the skin and possibly also other organs.
Reduction in Life-Threatening Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias in Statin-Treated Patients With Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy Enrolled in the MADIT-CRT (Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial with Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy)
Authors: Jonathan Buber, Ilan Goldenberg, Arthur J. Moss, Paul J. Wang, Scott McNitt, W. Jackson Hall, Michael Eldar, Alon Barsheshet, Michael Shechter
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Retractions in Gut 10 years after publication
Authors: M. J G FARTHING
Journal: Gut (2001)

It is with great regret that I include in this issue of the journal a retraction order for a paper authored by Dr Anjan Banerjee and Professor Tim Peters, which was published in Gut in 1990 when they were employed by King’s College Hospital. Dr Banerjee wrote to me immediately following the decision by the Professional Conduct Panel of the General Medical Council (GMC) that he had been found guilty of serious professional misconduct and had been suspended for a period of 12 months. He indicated that he wished to retract the paper written by himself and Professor Tim Peters, “Experimental non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug induced enteropathy in the rat—similarities to inflammatory bowel disease and effect of thromboxane synthetase inhibitors” (Gut 1990;31:1358–64) in which it was judged that he had falsified data. He also indicated that he wished to retract an abstract “Sulphasalazine reduces indomethacin induced changes in small intestinal permeability in man” (Banerjee A, Sherwood R, Rennie JA, Peters TJ. Gut 1990;31:A593) which had been published in Gut as part of the proceedings of the Spring British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) meeting in Warwick 1990. However, Dr Banerjee and colleagues had indicated to the BSG that they wished to withdraw this abstract before the meeting took place and, although it was not presented at the meeting, the copy had already gone to press and therefore appeared in the journal. Thus for 10 years these reports, now deemed to contain falsified data, have remained within the biomedical literature.
Possible Role of Telomerase Activation in the Cancer Predisposition of Patients With Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancers
Authors: Ann-Joy Cheng, Tzu-Chien V. Wang, Lai-Chu See, Reiping Tang, Jeng-Yi Wang
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1998)

Background: Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer syndrome (HNPCC syndrome; also called Lynch syndrome) is one of the most common cancer predisposition syndromes. Most cases of cancer associated with this syndrome are due to the inheritance of germline mutations in genes that encode proteins required for DNA mismatch repair; defects in these proteins allow mutations to accumulate more rapidly in the DNA and influence the rate of cancer development. Recent studies indicate that the reactivation of the activity of telomerase, an enzyme involved in the synthesis of chromosomal ends, in somatic cells may play a role in carcinogenesis. In this study, we evaluated the expression of telomerase in normal and cancerous colorectal tissue specimens from HNPCC and non-HNPCC patients. Methods: The polymerase chain reaction-based telomeric repeat amplification protocol was used to assay telomerase activity in colorectal tissue specimens from 33 non-HNPCC patients (23 normal, 26 polyps, and 37 cancer specimens) and from 24 HNPCC patients (24 normal, 0 polyps, and 28 cancer specimens). Results: Thirty-one of 37 carcinoma samples from 18 non-HNPCC patients and 27 of 28 carcinoma samples from 24 HNPCC patients were found to be positive for telomerase activity. Whereas only one of 23 normal mucosa samples from 23 non-HNPCC patients was found to have (weak) telomerase activity, eight of 24 normal mucosa samples from 24 HNPCC patients were positive for telomerase; the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (two-sided P = .0226). Implication: This study generates the hypothesis that genetic defects in individuals with HNPCC syndrome facilitate the reactivation of telomerase activity, a process which may be associated with their predisposition to develop cancer.
Childbearing attitudes and decisions of young breast cancer survivors: a systematic review
Authors: V. Goncalves, I. Sehovic, G. Quinn
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2013)

BACKGROUNDYoung breast cancer survivors often need to deal with adverse effects of treatments on fertility and complex reproductive decisions. In this systematic review, we highlight what is known about childbearing and parenthood attitudes and decisions of young breast cancer survivors from their own perspective.
Daily chlorhexidine bathing to reduce bacteraemia in critically ill children: a multicentre, cluster-randomised, crossover trial
Authors: Aaron M Milstone, Alexis Elward, Xiaoyan Song, Danielle M Zerr, Rachel Orscheln, Kathleen Speck, Daniel Obeng, Nicholas G Reich, Susan E Coffin, Trish M Perl
Journal: The Lancet (2013)
Transfer of Glyburide and Glipizide Into Breast Milk
Authors: Denice S. Feig, Gerald G. Briggs, Jennifer M. Kraemer, Peter J. Ambrose, David N. Moskovitz, Michael Nageotte, Diane J. Donat, Guadalupe Padilla, Stephanie Wan, Julia Klein, Gideon Koren
Journal: Diabetes Care (2005)

OBJECTIVE—To determine if glyburide and glipizide are excreted into breast milk and if breast-feeding from women taking these drugs causes infant hypoglycemia. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We studied eight women who had received a single oral dose of 5 or 10 mg glyburide. Drug concentrations were measured in maternal blood and milk for 8 h after the dose. In a separate study, five women were given a daily dosage (5 mg/day) of glyburide or glipizide, starting on the first postpartum day. Maternal blood and milk drug concentrations and infant blood glucose were measured 5–16 days after delivery. RESULTS—In the single-dose glyburide study, the mean maximum theoretical infant dose (MTID) as a percent of the weight-adjusted maternal dose (WAMD) was &amp;lt;1.5 and &amp;lt;0.7% for the 5- and 10-mg doses, respectively. For the five women taking daily dosages, the mean MTID as a percent of the WAMD was &amp;lt;28% for glyburide and &amp;lt;27% for glipizide. The high estimates were due to the insensitivity of the assay. Neither glyburide nor glipizide were detected in breast milk in either study and blood glucose was normal in the three infants (one glyburide and two glipizide) who were wholly breast-fed when the drug concentrations were at steady state. CONCLUSIONS—Neither glyburide nor glipizide were detected in breast milk, and hypoglycemia was not observed in the three nursing infants. Both agents, at the doses tested, appear to be compatible with breast-feeding.
Incidence and Prognostic Impact of Amenorrhea During Adjuvant Therapy in High-Risk Premenopausal Breast Cancer: Analysis of a National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group Study—NCIC CTG MA.5
Authors: Wendy R. Parulekar, Andrew G. Day, Jon A. Ottaway, Lois E. Shepherd, Maureen E. Trudeau, Vivien Bramwell, Mark Levine, Kathleen I. Pritchard
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

To investigate the therapeutic impact of chemotherapy-induced amenorrhea in premenopausal patients with breast cancer.We conducted a retrospective cohort study of a National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group phase III trial involving premenopausal patients randomized to receive cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil (CMF), versus intensive cyclophosphamide, epirubicin, and fluorouracil (CEF). The objectives of our study were to describe the incidence of amenorrhea at 6 and 12 months post-random assignment and to determine the association of amenorrhea with relapse-free and overall survival.Data on 442 patients were used in our analyses. Despite the higher cumulative dose of cyclophosphamide in the CMF treatment arm, at 6 months post-random assignment, the rate of amenorrhea was higher in the CEF group (relative risk, 1.2; 95% CI, 1.0 to 1.3), with no difference at 12 months. In the receptor-positive subgroup, 6-month amenorrhea rates were not associated with prognosis. In contrast, amenorrhea at 12 months was significantly associated with relapse-free survival (hazard ratio, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.32 to 0.82; P = .005) and overall survival (hazard ratio, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.22 to 0.72; P = .002).Late chemotherapy-induced amenorrhea seems to be associated with improved outcome in patients with premenopausal, receptor-positive breast cancer.
Cardioprotection by long-term ETA receptor blockade and ACE inhibition in rats with congestive heart failure: mono- versus combination therapy
Authors: D Fraccarollo
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2002)

Objectives: We investigated the effects of long-term endothelin A (ETA) receptor blockade and ACE inhibition, either alone or in combination, on the hemodynamics, neurohormonal activation and cardiac remodeling in rats with congestive heart failure (CHF) after extensive myocardial infarction (MI). Methods: Rats were treated with placebo, the ETA antagonist LU135252 (30 mg/kg/d), the ACE inhibitor trandolapril (0.3 mg/kg/d), or a combination of both for 11 weeks, starting 7 days after MI. Results: Despite comparable effects on left ventricular (LV) systolic pressure among all drug treatments, only combined ETA and ACE inhibition significantly reduced LV end-diastolic pressure (P<0.01), improved LV dP/dtmax (P<0.01) and normalized sympathetic activation (P<0.05) in rats with CHF. The combination therapy was more effective in reducing type I and III collagen mRNA levels, MMP-2 zymographic activity and collagen accumulation in the surviving LV myocardium. Moreover, the increases in cardiac β-myosin heavy chain and skeletal α-actin mRNAs, markers of hypertrophy or failure, were attenuated to a greater degree by the combination therapy than monotherapy, whereas right ventricular hypertrophy and ANF mRNA upregulation were significantly (P<0.01) prevented only by combined ETA and ACE inhibition. Conclusion: Long-term combined ETA receptor and ACE inhibition improved cardiac failure after extensive MI more effectively than monotherapy. We show additive effects on LV fibrosis and fetal gene expression. ETA receptor antagonists could be a therapeutical option in CHF in addition to an ACE inhibitor.
Immunosuppression without steroids in liver transplantation is safe and reduces infection and metabolic complications: Results from a prospective multicenter randomized study
Authors: Laura Lladó, Xavier Xiol, Joan Figueras, Emilio Ramos, Roberto Memba, Teresa Serrano, Jaume Torras, Agustin Garcia-Gil, Ignacio Gonzalez-Pinto, Jose Castellote, Carme Baliellas, Joan Fabregat, Antoni Rafecas, None the THOSIN Study Group
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
Social Support and Cancer Screening Among Older Black Americans
Authors: S H Kang, J R Bloom
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

Age-adjusted cancer mortality is 27% higher for Black Americans than for the general U.S. population, which may result from inappropriate use of cancer detection tests. Social support has been shown to affect adjustment to breast cancer and survival, but it has not been studied as a predictor of use of preventive health care services in the older population. Our hypothesis is that larger social networks are associated with greater utilization of cancer-screening tests in the older population.The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between social support and use of cancer-screening tests among older Black Americans.Data for this study were obtained from a 1986 baseline survey evaluation of a community intervention program to increase cancer awareness and a 1991 end-point survey of use of cancer detection tests. Our study sample consisted of 617 Black Americans aged 55 years or older who lived in San Francisco (Calif.), the control community, and in Oakland (Calif.), the target community for intervention. The survey included measures of 1) social network characteristics, as determined by a modified version of Berkman and Syme's Social Network Index; 2) demographic characteristics; and 3) use of six cancer-screening tests--mammography, occult blood stool examination, cervical smear, clinical breast examination, digital rectal examination, and sigmoidoscopy.Multiple logistic regression analysis of the Social Network Index results indicated statistically significant positive associations of social support with the use of mammography and occult blood stool examination but not with the other cancer-screening tests. There were statistically significant associations between having HMO (Health Maintenance Organization) insurance and increased use of mammography and occult blood stool examination, compared with having Medi-Cal or other insurance. The interval between the surveys had a statistically significant positive association with use of mammography. These significant associations were not explained by differences in the other variables, which included health status, age, gender, education, type of health insurance, interval between the surveys, and a regular source of care.Social support seems to be associated with increased use of mammography and occult blood stool examinations among older Black Americans.Interventions designed to increase utilization of social networks may be an effective way to increase use of cancer screening, which may ultimately lead to reduced mortality from cancer.