tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Recombinant follicle stimulating hormone (rFSH; Puregon) in assisted reproduction: More oocytes, more pregnancies. Results from five comparative studies
Authors: H J Out, B M Mannaerts, S G Driessen, H J Coelingh Bennink
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (1996)

The clinical assessment of recombinant follicle stimulating hormone (rFSH; Puregon) in assisted reproduction technologies such as in-vitro fertilization (IVF) has probably been the most extensive clinical trial programme ever performed for the evaluation of a new fertility drug. It started with a pilot study to evaluate the potential of rFSH to stimulate the ovaries in the absence of luteinizing hormone (LH) - using various gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists. After it became clear that FSH-induced steroidogenesis was not jeopardized even after severe pituitary supression, comparisons between rFSH and urinary FSH or human menopausal gonadotrophins were made using different GnRH agonists or no agonists at all. In addition, the effects of the route of administration (s.c. or i.m.) were assessed. The study with the strongest statistical power to truly assess clinically relevant differences between rFSH and urinary FSH included ~1000 patient cycles. It indicated that after rFSH treatment, significantly more oocytes were retrieved, more embryos obtained and, as a result, more pregnancies achieved when the results of the cryoprogramme were included.
Breaking Up Prolonged Sitting With Standing or Walking Attenuates the Postprandial Metabolic Response in Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Acute Study
Authors: Joseph Henson, Melanie J. Davies, Danielle H. Bodicoat, Charlotte L. Edwardson, Jason M.R. Gill, David J. Stensel, Keith Tolfrey, David W. Dunstan, Kamlesh Khunti, Thomas Yates
Journal: Diabetes Care (2015)

OBJECTIVE To determine whether breaking up prolonged sitting with short bouts of standing or walking improves postprandial markers of cardiometabolic health in women at high risk of type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Twenty-two overweight/obese, dysglycemic, postmenopausal women (mean ± SD age 66.6 ± 4.7 years) each participated in two of the following treatments: prolonged, unbroken sitting (7.5 h) or prolonged sitting broken up with either standing or walking at a self-perceived light intensity (for 5 min every 30 min). Both allocation and treatment order were randomized. The incremental area under the curves (iAUCs) for glucose, insulin, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), and triglycerides were calculated for each treatment condition (mean ± SEM). The following day, all participants underwent the 7.5-h sitting protocol. RESULTS Compared with a prolonged bout of sitting (iAUC 5.3 ± 0.8 mmol/L ⋅ h), both standing (3.5 ± 0.8 mmol/L ⋅ h) and walking (3.8 ± 0.7 mmol/L ⋅ h) significantly reduced the glucose iAUC (both P &amp;lt; 0.05). When compared with prolonged sitting (548.2 ± 71.8 mU/L ⋅ h), insulin was also reduced for both activity conditions (standing, 437.2 ± 73.5 mU/L ⋅ h; walking, 347.9 ± 78.7 mU/L ⋅ h; both P &amp;lt; 0.05). Both standing (−1.0 ± 0.2 mmol/L ⋅ h) and walking (−0.8 ± 0.2 mmol/L ⋅ h) attenuated the suppression of NEFA compared with prolonged sitting (−1.5 ± 0.2 mmol/L ⋅ h) (both P &amp;lt; 0.05). There was no significant effect on triglyceride iAUC. The effects on glucose (standing and walking) and insulin (walking only) persisted into the following day. CONCLUSIONS Breaking up prolonged sitting with 5-min bouts of standing or walking at a self-perceived light intensity reduced postprandial glucose, insulin, and NEFA responses in women at high risk of type 2 diabetes. This simple, behavioral approach could inform future public health interventions aimed at improving the metabolic profile of postmenopausal, dysglycemic women.
A recently evolved hexose transporter variant confers resistance to multiple pathogens in wheat
Authors: John W Moore, Sybil Herrera-Foessel, Caixia Lan, Wendelin Schnippenkoetter, Michael Ayliffe, Julio Huerta-Espino, Morten Lillemo, Libby Viccars, Ricky Milne, Sambasivam Periyannan, Xiuying Kong, Wolfgang Spielmeyer, Mark Talbot, Harbans Bariana, John W Patrick, Peter Dodds, Ravi Singh, Evans Lagudah
Journal: Nature Genetics (2015)
Immunodeficiency diseases
Authors: R. H. Buckley
Journal: JAMA (1992)

ALTHOUGH more than 50 genetically determined immunodeficiency syndromes have been reported since 1952,<sup>1</sup>defects in immunity were considered rare until the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) emerged over 10 years ago.<sup>2</sup>This growing list of diseases now encompasses all major components of the immune system, including lymphocytes, phagocytic cells, and complement proteins.<sup>1,3-5</sup> <h3>EVALUATION OF THE PATIENT WITH RECURRENT INFECTIONS</h3> It is essential that the clinical and laboratory tests selected for immunologic assessment be broadly informative, reliable, and cost-effective. Most of these disorders can be ruled out at little cost to the patient if the proper choice of screening tests is made (Table 2-1). A complete blood cell count and erythrocyte sedimentation rate are among the most cost-effective screening tests. If the erythrocyte sedimentation rate is normal, chronic bacterial infection is unlikely. If the absolute neutrophil count is normal, congenital and acquired neutropenias and severe chemotactic defects are eliminated.
Integrated genomic characterization of IDH1-mutant glioma malignant progression
Authors: Hanwen Bai, Akdes Serin Harmancı, E Zeynep Erson-Omay, Jie Li, Süleyman Coşkun, Matthias Simon, Boris Krischek, Koray Özduman, S Bülent Omay, Eric A Sorensen, Şevin Turcan, Mehmet Bakırcığlu, Geneive Carrión-Grant, Phillip B Murray, Victoria E Clark, A Gulhan Ercan-Sencicek, James Knight, Leman Sencar, Selin Altınok, Leon D Kaulen, Burcu Gülez, Marco Timmer, Johannes Schramm, Ketu Mishra-Gorur, Octavian Henegariu, Jennifer Moliterno, Angeliki Louvi, Timothy A Chan, Stacey L Tannheimer, M Necmettin Pamir, Alexander O Vortmeyer, Kaya Bilguvar, Katsuhito Yasuno, Murat Günel
Journal: Nature Genetics (2015)
National outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium (Dutch) phage-type 132 in the Netherlands, October to December 2009
Authors: J Whelan, H Noel, I Friesema, A Hofhuis, C  M de Jager, M Heck, A Heuvelink, W van Pelt
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2010)

Between October and December 2009, 23 cases of Salmonella Typhimurium (Dutch) phage type 132, each with an identical multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) profile (02-20-08-11-212), were reported from across the Netherlands. A case–control study was conducted using the food-consumption component of responses to a routine population-based survey as a control group. The mean age of cases was 17 years (median: 10 years, range: 1–68). Sixteen cases were aged 16 years or under. Raw or undercooked beef products were identified as the probable source of infection. Consumers, in particular parents of young children, should be reminded of the potential danger of eating raw or undercooked meat.
Characterization of Tumor Size Changes Over Time from the Phase 3 Study of (E7080) Lenvatinib in Differentiated Cancer of the Thyroid (Select)
Authors: B. Robinson, M. Schlumberger, L.J. Wirth, C. Dutcus, B.D.L. Heras, J. Zhu, M.H. Taylor, S.-. Kim, M.K. Krzyzanowska, J. Capdevila, S. Sherman, M. Tahara
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Tumor immunologic heterogeneity influences response to radiation and combination immunotherapy
Authors: Todd Aguilera, Marjan Rafat, Mihalis Kariolis, Rie von Eyben, Edward Graves, Amato Giaccia
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2015)

Meeting abstracts Clinical trials of CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies (Ab) have shown responses limited to 10-30% of patients. Increasing evidence suggests radiation (RT) can enhance responses to checkpoint therapies. However, understanding of tumor-derived factors that influence response is
SN-38-loaded nanofiber matrices for local control of pediatric solid tumors after subtotal resection surgery
Authors: Carles Monterrubio, Guillem Pascual-Pasto, Francisco Cano, Monica Vila-Ubach, Alejandro Manzanares, Paula Schaiquevich, Jose A. Tornero, Alejandro Sosnik, Jaume Mora, Angel M. Carcaboso
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)
Screening for Abnormal Blood Glucose and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement
Authors: Albert L. Siu
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Update of the 2008 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation on screening for diabetes in asymptomatic adults.The USPSTF reviewed the evidence on screening for impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, and type 2 diabetes in asymptomatic, nonpregnant adults who are at average or high risk for diabetes and its complications.This recommendation applies to adults aged 40 to 70 years seen in primary care settings who do not have symptoms of diabetes and are overweight or obese.The USPSTF recommends screening for abnormal blood glucose as part of cardiovascular risk assessment in adults aged 40 to 70 years who are overweight or obese. Clinicians should offer or refer patients with abnormal blood glucose to intensive behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthful diet and physical activity. (B recommendation).
Preoperative Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Contralateral Breast Cancer Occurrence Among Older Women With Breast Cancer
Authors: Shi-Yi Wang, Jessica B. Long, Brigid K. Killelea, Suzanne B. Evans, Kenneth B. Roberts, Andrea Silber, Cary P. Gross
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) detects occult contralateral breast cancers (CBCs) in women with breast cancer, but the impact of detection on long-term CBC events is unclear. We examined whether MRI use decreases the occurrence of CBCs and the detection of stages II to IV disease among women who develop a CBC.Analyzing the SEER-Medicare database, we assessed overall, synchronous (< 6 months after primary cancer diagnosis), and subsequent (ie, metachronous) stage-specific CBC occurrences in women who were diagnosed with stages I and II breast cancer during 2004-2009 and who were observed through 2011.Among 38,971 women with breast cancer, 6,377 (16.4%) received preoperative MRI. After propensity score matching, and compared with women who did not undergo MRI, preoperative MRI use was significantly associated with a higher synchronous CBC detection rate (126.4 v 42.9 per 1,000 person-years, respectively; hazard ratio, 2.85; P < .001) but a lower subsequent CBC detection rate (3.3 v 4.5 per 1,000 person-years, respectively; hazard ratio, 0.68; P = .002). However, the 5-year cumulative incidence of CBC remained significantly higher among women undergoing MRI compared with those not undergoing MRI (7.2% v 4.0%, respectively; P < .001). The analyses of projected CBC events for 10,000 patients who receive MRI indicated that, after a 5-year follow-up, MRI use would detect an additional 192 in situ CBCs (95% CI, 125 to 279) and 120 stage I CBCs (95% CI, 62 to 193) but would not have a significant impact on stages II to IV CBC occurrences (∼ 6; 95% CI, -21 to 47).An increased synchronous CBC detection rate, attributable to MRI, was not offset by a decrease of subsequent CBC occurrence among older women with early-stage breast cancer, suggesting that preoperative MRI in women with breast cancer may lead to overdiagnosis.
Challenging Roadblocks to Cancer Cure
Authors: Massimo Loda
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

The Pezcoller Symposium in Trento, Italy, June 2015, focused entirely on the question of why advanced cancer cure is so uncommon despite the extraordinarily rapid growth of invaluable therapeutic information. Participants were asked to define and to critically evaluate real and potential obstacles to permanent disease eradication. High-level concepts on potential road blocks to cures as well as opportunities for intervention in diverse areas of investigation ranging from genomic alterations to metabolism, microenvironment, immunity, and mechanotransduction were discussed. Provocative concepts and novel therapeutic avenues were proposed. What follows is a critical analysis of the highlights of this meeting. Cancer Res; 76(17); 4924-30. ©2016 AACR.
Type I Interferon Inhibition of MicroRNA‐146a Maturation Through Up‐Regulation of Monocyte Chemotactic Protein–Induced Protein 1 in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Bo Qu, Jianchang Cao, Feifei Zhang, Huijuan Cui, Jialin Teng, Jia Li, Zheng Liu, Chris Morehouse, Bahija Jallal, Yuanjia Tang, Qiang Guo, Yihong Yao, Nan Shen
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2015)

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by the uncontrolled production of inflammatory cytokines, among which type I interferon (IFN) is recognized as a crucial pathogenic factor. The expression of microRNA-146a (miR-146a) is reduced in the white blood cells of SLE patients and accounts for their overactivated inflammatory responses. However, the mechanism of the reduction of miR-146a is still not fully understood. This study was undertaken to test whether the key pathogenic cytokine, type I IFN, is responsible for the dysregulation of miR-146a in SLE.Gene and protein expression was measured in all cells by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Northern blotting, or Western blotting. In THP-1 cells, expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-induced protein 1 (MCPIP-1) was knocked down with a lentivirus encoding a short hairpin RNA targeting MCPIP1. The cells were pretreated with type I IFN and assessed for gene expression levels of miR-146a. White blood cells from patients with SLE were analyzed for the expression of the IFN-inducible genes MCPIP1 and miR-146a, and the gene expression data were compared for correlation.Pretreatment of THP-1 cells with type I IFN attenuated the induction of miR-146a posttranscriptionally, by down-regulating the expression of pre-miR-146a but not pri-miR-146a or its original unspliced transcript. Expression of MCPIP-1, which was enhanced by type I IFN, was found to be responsible for the inhibition of miR-146a. In white blood cells from patients with SLE, MCPIP1 expression was elevated, and its expression correlated positively with the IFN score and negatively with the miR-146a transcript level.Type I IFN inhibits the maturation of miR-146a through the up-regulation of MCPIP-1, and thus contributes to the uncontrolled inflammation and excessive inflammatory gene expression in SLE.
Polycystic kidney disease. 1
Authors: P C Harris, C J Ward, B Peral, J Hughes
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1995)

The identification of the primary defect in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) by biochemical methods has proved difficult because of the complexity of the cystic kidney. However, by the use of the genetic method of positional cloning, a gene accounting for approximately 85% of ADPKD, PKD1, has now been identified in the chromosome region 16p13.3. Its exact location was pinpointed because it was bisected by a chromosome translocation; members with the balanced exchange had PKD1. The PKD1 gene encodes an approximately 14-kb transcript, but full characterization was complicated, because most of the gene lies in a genomic region that is duplicated elsewhere on chromosome 16; the duplicate area encodes three genes with substantial homology to PKD1. At present, only seven mutations of PKD1 have been characterized and these are clustered in the nonduplicated, 3' end of the gene. However, a number of patients with large deletions of the PKD1 and adjacent tuberous sclerosis 2 (TSC2) genes, who have tuberous sclerosis and severe childhood-onset polycystic kidney disease, have also been described. Recently, the entire sequence of the PKD1 transcript and the genomic region containing the gene have been determined. The PKD1 gene covers approximately 52 kb of genomic DNA and is divided into 46 exons. The transcript is approximately 14.15 kb, and the predicted protein polycystin is 4302/3 amino acids with a calculated mass of approximately 460 kd. Polycystin contains several distinctive extracellular domains, including a flank-leucine rich repeat-flank domain, a C-type lectin, 16 approximately 85-amino-acid units that are similar to immunoglobulin repeats, four fibronectin Type III-related domains, and a low-density lipoprotein A domain. The C-terminal third of the protein has multiple hydrophobic regions, and modeling of this region suggests the presence of many transmembrane domains and a cytoplasmic C terminus. Hence, polycystin is probably an integral membrane protein with multiple extracellular domains that are involved in cell-cell and/or cell-matrix interactions. The ADPKD phenotype suggests that polycystin may play a role in cell-matrix communication, which is important for normal basement membrane production and for controlling cellular differentiation.
Site-Specific Drug-Releasing Polypeptide Nanocarriers Based on Dual-pH Response for Enhanced Therapeutic Efficacy against Drug-Resistant Tumors
Authors: Yaqiong Dong, Jun Yang, Hongmei Liu, Tianyou Wang, Suoqin Tang, Jinchao Zhang, Xin Zhang
Journal: Theranostics (2015)

To enhance effective drug accumulation in drug-resistant tumors, a site-specific drug-releasing polypeptide system (PEG-Phis/Pasp-DOX/CA4) was exploited in response to tumor extracellular and intracellular pH.This system could firstly release the embedded tumor vascular inhibitor (CA4) to transiently 'normalize' vasculature and facilitate drug internalization to tumors efficiently, and then initiate the secondary pH-response to set the conjugated active anticancer drug (DOX) free in tumor cells.The encapsulated system (PEG-Phis/DOX/CA4), both CA4 and DOX embedding in the nanoparticles, was used as a control.Comparing with PEG-Phis/DOX/CA4, PEG-Phis/Pasp-DOX/CA4 exhibited enhanced cytotoxicity against DOX-sensitive and DOX-resistant cells (MCF-7 and MCF-7/ADR).Moreover, PEG-Phis/Pasp-DOX/CA4 resulted in enhanced therapeutic efficacy in drug-resistant tumors with reduced toxicity.These results suggested that this site-specific drug-releasing system could be exploited as a promising treatment for cancers with repeated administration.
Alitretinoin: treatment for refractory palmoplantar keratoderma
Authors: H.K. Park, E.J. Kim, J.Y. Ko
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2015)

Journal Article Alitretinoin: treatment for refractory palmoplantar keratoderma Get access H.K. Park, H.K. Park Department of Dermatology Hanyang University College of Medicine Seoul 133‐792 South Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E.J. Kim, E.J. Kim Department of Dermatology Hanyang University College of Medicine Seoul 133‐792 South Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.Y. Ko J.Y. Ko Department of Dermatology Hanyang University College of Medicine Seoul 133‐792 South Korea Correspondence: Joo Yeon Ko. E‐mail: drko0303@hanyang.ac.kr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 174, Issue 5, 1 May 2016, Pages 1143–1144, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.14327 Published: 01 May 2016
&lt;italic&gt;Brief Communication:&lt;/italic&gt; Serum Levels of &lt;italic&gt;N&lt;/italic&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, &lt;italic&gt;N&lt;/italic&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;-Dimethylguanosine and Pseudouridine as Determined by Radioimmunoassay for Patients With Malignancy&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: L Levine, T P Waalkes, L Stolbach
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

A sensitive, rapid, and specific radioimmunoassay procedure was used to determine levels of N2,N2-dimethylguanosine and pseudouridine in sera of patients with acute leukemia and breast cancer. Elevated levels of both nucleosides were above standard deviations of the normal mean for patients in both disease categories.
Oral Cancer Chemoprevention—The End of EPOC, the Beginning of an Epoch of Molecular Selection
Authors: Julie E. Bauman, Jennifer Grandis
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
The Immunobiology of Photodynamic Therapy: The Potential for Therapeutic Intervention in Lung Cancer
Authors: Susan Moffatt-Bruce
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2012)

Studies have shown that photodynamic therapy (PDT) causes or enhances an antitumor immune response. Moving from a mouse model in lung cancer to a translational approach, researchers are conducting an ongoing observational study to determine whether the immune response in patients with lung cancer treated with PDT is mediated by a T-cell phenotype, which may result in decreased tumor size and potentially improve survival. Preliminary findings focus on certain inflammatory cytokines that may be predictive of these T-cell phenotypes, such as interleukin (IL)-12, IL-4, T-regulatory cells, and T helper 17 cells. Correlation of the immunobiology of PDT associated with outcomes and surrogate markers may allow clinicians to predict improvement in patients treated with PDT and improve prognostic counseling.
Dipipanone Hydrochloride as an Adjunct to Anaesthesia in Obstetrics and Surgery
Authors: D. J. Coleman, J. Levin, P. O. Jones
Journal: BMJ (1957)

Mrmr,& JOUTRNAL transient epithelitis, which subsided within the next weeks.No evidence of more severe tissue reaction was observed.None of the patients treated experienced radiation sickness characterized by the symptoms of lassitude, anorexia, nausea, or vomiting.We know that the number of patients studied is not large enough or the time of observation long enough for con- clusive evaluation of this method of treatment.However, we feel that the results to date are encouraging.Complete regression of the'tumour was accomplished in cases of really superficial lesions.It is realized that any anatomical classification based on cystoscopic findings is subject to error.None the less, we believe that when the clinical findings are favourable this therapy should be considered as a primary measure. SummaryIntracavitary instillation of colloidal radioactive gold (""Au) was used for treatment of patients with multiple papillomata of the bladder.Approximately 300 mc. of gold was instilled into the bladder for four to six hours to deliver a dose of about 4,000 to 5,000 r to the bladder epithelium.The treatment had no harmful side-effects locally or on the general condition of the patient.Three selected cases suitable for radioactive gold therapy are briefly reported;It is our impression that this method is an excellent type of irradiation for really superficial malignant lesions.The method was used for treatment of multiple papillomatosis of the bladder alone or in conjunction with surgery. REFERENCES