tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Editorial
Authors: C. SIDINEY BURWELL
Journal: Circulation (1957)

Constrictive PericarditisCONSTRICTIVE pericarditis has a long and interesting history, but the present discussion summarizes the concepts developed during the last third of a century, specifically since the classic publication by Volhard and Schmieden in 1923.1 By that date a number of operations had been successfully carried out in Europe.The first successful treatment of con- strictive pericarditis by operation in the United States was reported by White and Churchill in 1930.2In the years since, knowl- edge of this disease has been progressively ad- vanced by the observation of patients, by a study of the effects of various types of operation, and by physiologic measurements in man and in animals.These studies have made it possible to define the usual results of a con- stricting scar of the pericardium.A long series of instructive physiologic studies has thrown light on the hemodynamic results of such a constricting scar.Examples are the studies of Sawyer and his associates' with the cardiac catheter and the ingenious experiments of Isaacs, Carter, and Haller4 in producing constriction of each ventricle separately.These and other studies make it clear that while there may be some limitation to systolic emptying the major dysfunction in these patients is a restriction of diastolic filling.This restriction leads to a limited and essen- tially fixed stroke volume and to a persistent high ventricular filling pressure on both sides of the heart.This pressure is inevitably re- flected in high venous and capillary pressures in both the peripheral and pulmonary circuits.The restricted stroke volume usually leads to a low cardiac output per minute in spite of tachycardia.
Metabolomic Profile of Human Myocardial Ischemia by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Peripheral Blood Serum
Authors: Vicente Bodi, Juan Sanchis, Jose M. Morales, Vannina G. Marrachelli, Julio Nunez, Maria J. Forteza, Fabian Chaustre, Cristina Gomez, Luis Mainar, Gema Minana, Eva Rumiz, Oliver Husser, Inmaculada Noguera, Ana Diaz, David Moratal, Arturo Carratala, Xavier Bosch, Angel Llacer, Francisco J. Chorro, Juan R. Viña, Daniel Monleon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Serological abnormalities, including common idiotype PR4, in families with rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: P Youinou, W Williams, P Le Goff, N Tuaillon, J Jouquan, S Muller, D A Isenberg
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1989)

A broad range of autoreactivity among a group of 12 French patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 58 of their healthy first degree relatives has been identified. Over 15% of the patients were found to have antibodies to ssDNA, histone H1, H2A, and H2bB. Among the relatives, IgG and IgM rheumatoid factor and antibodies to ssDNA, H2A, and H4 were present in more than 10%. Even more remarkable, a common anti-DNA antibody idiotype designated PR4, known to be present in 70% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), was found in approximately 30% of both patients with RA and their healthy relatives. This is quite different from its lack of increased expression in relatives of patients with SLE and suggests that in the family members of those with RA a particular combination of environmental influence on germline gene expression is responsible.
Deregulation of the Pit-1 transcription factor in human breast cancer cells promotes tumor growth and metastasis
Authors: Isabel Ben-Batalla, Samuel Seoane, Tomas Garcia-Caballero, Rosalia Gallego, Manuel Macia, Luis O. Gonzalez, Francisco Vizoso, Roman Perez-Fernandez
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2010)

The Pit-1 transcription factor (also know as POU1F1) plays a critical role in cell differentiation during organogenesis of the anterior pituitary in mammals and is a transcriptional activator for pituitary gene transcription. Increased expression of Pit-1 has been reported in human tumorigenic breast cells. Here, we found that Pit-1 overexpression or knockdown in human breast cancer cell lines induced profound phenotypic changes in the expression of proteins involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion. Some of these protumorigenic effects of Pit-1 were mediated by upregulation of Snai1, an inductor of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. In immunodeficient mice, Pit-1 overexpression induced tumoral growth and promoted metastasis in lung. In patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast and node-positive tumor, high expression of Pit-1 was significantly correlated with Snai1 positivity. Notably, in these patients elevated expression of Pit-1 was significantly and independently associated with the occurrence of distant metastasis. These findings suggest that Pit-1 could help to make a more accurate prognosis in patients with node-positive breast cancer and may represent a new therapeutic target.
GSTM1(null) Has No Effect on the FEV1 Response to Acute Ozone Exposure but Significantly Affects the Proportion of Inflammatory Cells in the Airways of Allergic and Non Allergic Individuals
Authors: N.E. Alexis, H. Zhou, J.C. Lay, R. Devlin, S. Kleeberger, D.B. Peden
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
Impact of Early Coronary Artery Bypass Graft in an Unselected Acute Coronary Syndrome Patient Population
Authors: Pedro Monteiro
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Background— Performance of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) during an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is mainly used in high-risk patients. Although potentially life-saving, patients undergoing early CABG are traditionally associated with a worse outcome than those not requiring CABG. Is this really true in an unselected ACS population? The aim of this study was to evaluate, in an ACS population, if the performance of CABG during the index hospitalization influences in-hospital outcome. Methods and Results— Retrospective analysis of a nationwide database of 12 988 ACS patients admitted since 2002. Of those, 267 patients underwent CABG during the index hospitalization (group A) and 12 721 did not (group B). Group B patients were further divided in 2 subgroups: those submitted to percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) (group B 1 ; n=3948) during the index hospitalization and those not submitted to mechanical revascularization (group B 2 ; n =8773). Patients from group A more frequently had diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, and previous angina; they were also more often on cardiovascular medication before admission. Patients that underwent CABG were more often in Killip class IV at admission (4.8% versus 1.4% versus 2.0%); they also received more nitrates and catecholamines. Left ventricular function was better in group B 1 . Group A patients were more often on mechanical ventilation and intra-aortic pump and they had more in-hospital complications (31.1% versus 18.7% versus 17.3%), namely recurrent angina, re-infarction, and mechanical complications. They had a more severe coronary anatomy and the culprit lesion was more frequently on the left main (7.7% versus 0.5% versus 2.2%). However, their in-hospital mortality was significantly lower (1.1% versus 2.2% versus 6.8%; P &lt;0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that performance of early CABG was an independent predictor of lower mortality (odds ratio of 0.12), as were the use of low-molecular-weight heparins, beta-blockers, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. Conclusions— In unselected patients admitted for ACS, performance of early CABG, despite being performed in higher-risk patients, is associated with very low in-hospital mortality, even when compared with the mortality of lower-risk population not submitted to early CABG. Therefore, early performance of this procedure should be considered more often in eligible patients.
Phylogenetic Analyses of Nuclear, Mitochondrial, and Plastid Multigene Data Sets Support the Placement of Mesostigma in the Streptophyta
Authors: N. Rodriguez-Ezpeleta, H. Philippe, H. Brinkmann, B. Becker, M. Melkonian
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2006)

All extant green plants belong to 1 of 2 major lineages, commonly known as the Chlorophyta (most of the green algae) and the Streptophyta (land plants and their closest green algal relatives). The scaly green flagellate Mesostigma viride has an important place in the debate on the origin of green plants. However, there have been conflicting results from molecular systematics as to whether Mesostigma diverges before the Chlorophyta/Streptophyta split or is an early diverging flagellate member of the Streptophyta. Previous studies employed either a limited taxon sampling (plastid and mitochondrial genomes) or a small number of phylogenetically informative sites (single nuclear genes). Here, we use large data sets from the nuclear (125 proteins; 29,319 positions), mitochondrial (33 proteins; 6,622 positions), and plastid (50 proteins; 10,137 positions) genomes with an expanded taxon sampling (21, 13, and 28 species, respectively) to reevaluate the phylogenetic position of Mesostigma. Our study supports the placement of Mesostigma in the Streptophyta (as an early diverging lineage) and provides evidence that systematic biases have played a role in generating some of the previous conflicting results. Importantly, we demonstrate that using an increased taxon sampling as well as more realistic models of evolution allows increasing congruence among the nuclear, mitochondrial, and plastid data sets.
Type B Insulin-resistance syndrome: a cause of reversible autoimmune hypoglycaemia
Authors: Olivier Bourron, Martine Caron-Debarle, Miguel Hie, Zahir Amoura, Fabrizio Andreelli, Marine Halbron, Michelle Fonfrede, Gaëlle Leroux, Corinne Vigouroux, Agnès Hartemann
Journal: The Lancet (2014)
Overproduction of adenine deoxynucleosides and deoxynucletides in adenosine deaminase deficiency with severe combined immunodeficiency disease.
Authors: J Donofrio, M S Coleman, J J Hutton, A Daoud, B Lampkin, J Dyminski
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1978)

The deoxynucleotide, dATP, is elevated 50- to 1,000-fold above normal in erythrocytes, lymphocytes, and bone marrow from a child with adenosine deaminase deficiency and severe combined immunodeficiency disease. The child, when 17 mo of age, was also excreting approximately 30 mg of deoxyadenosine per day in urine (normal is less than 0.1 mg/day). Urinary excretion of uric acid was decreased. Elevated dATP levels in lymphocytes and bone marrow, and increased urinary excretion of deoxyadenosine, persisted despite hypertransfusion of the child with irradiated erythrocytes from a donor with normal adenosine deaminase. Overproduction of deoxynucleotides by increased salvage of adenosine appears to be the primary metabolic abnormality in patients with adenosine de aminase deficiency.
Unilateral progressive pigmented capillaropathy (Schamberg’s disease?) of the arm
Authors: V. Filo, Š. Galbavý, A. Filová, D. Borecká, V. Novotná
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

Journal Article Unilateral progressive pigmented capillaropathy (Schamberg’s disease?) of the arm Get access V. Filo, V. Filo Departments of Dermatology, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Š. Galbavý, Š. Galbavý Pathology and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Filová, A. Filová Haematology and Transfusiology, University Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia Correspondence: V.Filo, 1, Dermatovenerologická Klinika FN a LFUK, Mickiewiczova 13, 813 69 Bratislava, Slovakia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. Borecká, D. Borecká Departments of Dermatology, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar V. Novotná V. Novotná Departments of Dermatology, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 144, Issue 1, 1 January 2001, Pages 190–191, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2001.03976.x Published: 01 January 2001
Spontaneous haemothorax caused by costal exostosis
Authors: K Uchida, Y Kurihara, S Sekiguchi, Y Doi, K Matsuda, M Miyanaga, Y Ikeda
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1997)

We report a case of spontaneous haemothorax in a 19 year old boy with an exostosis of the left second rib. It may have been caused by nontraumatic rupture of markedly dilated pleural vessels, as a result of long-standing friction between the exostosis and the pleura. This is the first report of spontaneous haemothorax, without penetrative injury to the pleura or the diaphragm, in a patient with hereditary multiple exostosis.
Toxic epidermal necrolysis-like reaction secondary to colchicine overdose
Authors: M.P. Arroyo, S. Sanders, H. Yee, D. Schwartz, H. Kamino, B.E. Strober
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Colchicine is a microtubule-inhibiting drug used to treat gout, familial Mediterranean fever and many other skin diseases. Intoxication with colchicine affects multiple organs, often fatally. Cutaneous sequelae of colchicine toxicity are rare. We describe the clinical and histological features of a toxic epidermal necrolysis-like exanthem in a patient who lethally overdosed on colchicine.
GIMEMA-AIEOPAIDA protocol for the treatment of newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) in children
Authors: Anna Maria Testi, Andrea Biondi, Francesco Lo Coco, Maria Luisa Moleti, Fiorina Giona, Marco Vignetti, Giuseppe Menna, Franco Locatelli, Andrea Pession, Elena Barisone, Giulio De Rossi, Daniela Diverio, Concetta Micalizzi, Maurizio Aricò, Giuseppe Basso, Robert Foa, Franco Mandelli
Journal: Blood (2005)
Transcriptomic Architecture of the Adjacent Airway Field Cancerization in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Humam Kadara, Junya Fujimoto, Suk-Young Yoo, Yuho Maki, Adam C. Gower, Mohamed Kabbout, Melinda M. Garcia, Chi-Wan Chow, Zuoming Chu, Gabriella Mendoza, Li Shen, Neda Kalhor, Waun Ki Hong, Cesar Moran, Jing Wang, Avrum Spira, Kevin R. Coombes, Ignacio I. Wistuba
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2014)

BackgroundEarlier work identified specific tumor-promoting abnormalities that are shared between lung cancers and adjacent normal bronchial epithelia. We sought to characterize the yet unknown global molecular and adjacent airway field cancerization (FC) in early-stage non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Atrial natriuretic peptide modulates the hyperpolarization-activated current (If) in human atrial myocytes
Authors: G LONARDO
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2004)

The relationship between atrial stretching and changes in cell excitability is well documented. Once stretched, human atrial myocytes (HuAM) release atrial natriuretic peptide (hANP). Receptors for hANP (NPR) are coupled to a guanylyl cyclase (GC) activity, and are present on HuAM, but the electrophysiological effects of hANP are largely unknown. We investigated the effect of hANP on If, the hyperpolarization-activated current present in HuAM, and the underlying intracellular pathway.HuAM were isolated from atrial appendages and utilized for patch-clamp recording.hANP caused a significant and concentration dependent shift of the midpoint activation potential (DeltaVh) toward less negative potentials of 6.9 +/- 1.0 mV at 0.1 nM; 13.0 +/- 2.6 mV at 1 nM and 15.3 +/- 2.2 mV at 10 nM (p < 0.001 for all); a parallel increase of If rate of activation occurred. The effect of hANP was completely blocked by isatin, a potent antagonist of NPR (p < 0.01 vs. hANP). In the presence of the inhibitors of guanylyl cyclase (ODQ and LY83583), hANP caused a significantly smaller DeltaVh (p < 0.01 vs. hANP for both). 8Br-cGMP mimicked the effect of hANP, both in the presence and absence of KT5823, a selective inhibitor of Protein kinase G. Pretreatment with pertussis toxin (PTX) did not change the effect of hANP, thus excluding a major role for the coupling of NPR with the Gi-Proteins system. Pretreating cells with cyclopentyladenosine (CPA), an A1-adenosine receptor agonist, completely blocked hANP effect. Adding hANP to maximal serotonin concentration produced an additive response.Our data demonstrate for the first time that ANP is able to increase If, likely through a modulation of intracellular cGMP and cAMP levels. This effect could have implications in the relationship between stretch and arrhythmogenesis in the human atrium.
Remarks ON THE TREATMENT OF NEURASTHENIA AND PSYCHASTHENIA FOLLOWING SHELL SHOCK
Authors: R. T. Williamson
Journal: BMJ (1917)

TENDONS.Wihen Hunter was appointed surgeon to St. George's Hospital in 1768, and thus obtained tlle first real oppor- tunity of applying his peculiar store of biological know- ledge, lhe wvas already 40 years of age.In the previous year therb lhappened two notable events in his life: lhe was elected to the Royal Society and had his tendo Achillis ruptured.It is the latter event which interests us here.He had been suffering from cramp in the calf of his leg (he was subject to muscular spasms and cramp),
EFFECTS OF A 12-WKS AQUATIC TRAINING PROGRAM IN BODY POSTURE AND BALANCE
Authors: Paula Matias, Mário Costa, Daniel Marinho, Nuno Garrido, António Silva, Tiago Barbosa
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2013)

Background Aquatic programs have gained popularity in therapy programs for a number of diseases or physical conditions. However, evidences about the effect of such programs on posture remain scarce. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a 12-wks aquatic program on body posture and balance of sedentary women. Methods 128 females were divided in experimental group (EG; N=85; 55.56±12.92-y; 159.21±6.11-cm of height; 65.28±8.76-kg) and control group (CG; N=43; 60.67±13.48-y; 159.19±4.87-cm of height; 63.86±8.64-kg). The program was conducted throughout 12 weeks, two sessions per week with 40 minutes each. Posture measurements were conducted before starting the program and at the end of the 12th week. The static posture, including bodýs centre of mass position (CoM), was assessed based on photogrammetry, 2 unipodal support (US), functional reaching (FR) and Romberg test (RT) with parallel feet. The dynamic posture was obtained by applying the Time Up &amp; Go test (TUG). 3 The functional posture was assessed based on the Berg's balance scale (BBS). 1 Data variation was analyzed with ANOVA two-ways (group vs program duration) measures (P≤0.05). Results A significant effect from the program duration was observed in US (p&lt;0.01), FR (p&lt;0.01), RT (p=0.05), TUG (p&lt;0.01) and BBS (p&lt;0.01). The only exception was the CoM where a non-significant effect was determined (p=0.32). A significant effect from the group was observed for the TUG (p&lt;0.01) and for the BBS (p=0.04) having the EG lower and higher values at the post-test than the CG, respectively. A non-significant effect was observed for the remaining assessments. The interaction between program duration vs group presented non-significant values for all the tests conducted. Discussion/Conclusions Several selected variables presented a significant time effect (i.e., a posture and balance enhancement from the beginning to the end of the training program). So a 12-wks aquatic program is enough to provide an improvement in the body posture and balance of sedentary women.
Innate Immune Responses to Microbial Poisons: Discovery and Function of the Toll-Like Receptors
Authors: Bruce Beutler
Journal: The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology (2003)

There are many circumstances under which a toxin exploits an endogenous receptor or another protein of host origin to work its untoward effects. In most instances, the receptor normally fulfills a function that has nothing to do with the toxin per se; that is, the toxin is not the "natural" ligand. The situation with endotoxin, however, is a remarkable one. The endotoxin receptor evolved to detect endotoxin. Why have mammals maintained a gene that can undermine their survival? The search for the endotoxin receptor answered this question and also revealed the essential function and biological strategy of the Toll-like receptors: principal sensors of the innate immune system.
Whooping cough is quite common and can be diagnosed clinically
Authors: Doug Jenkinson
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Although exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) is reportedly high in prison, few studies have measured this in the prison environment, and none have done so in Europe. We measured two indicators of SHS exposure (particulate matter PM10 and nicotine) in fixed locations before (2009) and after (2010) introduction of a partial smoking ban in a Swiss prison. Access to smoking cessation support was available to detainees throughout the study. <h3>Objectives</h3> To measure SHS before and after the introduction of a partial smoking ban. <h3>Methods</h3> Assessment of particulate matter PM10 (suspended microparticles of 10 μm) and nicotine in ambient air, collected by real-time aerosol monitor and nicotine monitoring devices. <h3>Results</h3> The authors observed a significant improvement of nicotine concentrations in the air after the introduction of the smoking ban (before: 7.0 μg/m<sup>3</sup>, after: 2.1 μg/m<sup>3</sup>, difference 4.9 μg/m<sup>3</sup>, 95% CI for difference: 0.52 to 9.8, p=0.03) but not in particulate matter PM10 (before: 0.11 mg/m<sup>3</sup>, after: 0.06 mg/m<sup>3</sup>, difference 0.06 mg/m<sup>3</sup>, 95% CI for difference of means: −0.07 to 0.19, p=0.30). <h3>Conclusions</h3> The partial smoking ban was followed by a decrease in nicotine concentrations in ambient air. These improvements can be attributed to the introduction of the smoking ban since no other policy change occurred during this period. Although this shows that concentrations of SHS decreased significantly, protection was still incomplete and further action is necessary to improve indoor air quality.
Assessment of Myocardial Perfusion by Harmonic Power Doppler Imaging at Rest and During Adenosine Stress
Authors: Sheila K. Heinle, Jennifer Noblin, Pam Goree-Best, Ana Mello, Guy Ravad, Stephanie Mull, Pradeep Mammen, Paul A. Grayburn
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —Harmonic power Doppler imaging (HPDI) is a novel technique for assessing myocardial perfusion by contrast echocardiography in humans. The purpose of this study was to compare myocardial perfusion by HPDI with that obtained by 99m Tc-sestamibi single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) during rest and pharmacological stress. Methods and Results —HPDI was performed on 123 patients who were referred for SPECT imaging for known or suspected coronary artery disease. Images were obtained at baseline and during adenosine infusion (0.14 mg · kg − 1 · min − 1 ×6 minutes) in 3 apical views. Myocardial perfusion by HPDI was graded for each coronary territory as absent, patchy, or full. The persistence of absent or patchy myocardial perfusion by HPDI between rest and adenosine was interpreted as a fixed defect, whereas any decrease in perfusion grade was interpreted as a reversible defect. Overall concordance between HPDI and SPECT was 83 (81%) of 103 for normal versus abnormal perfusion. Agreement between the 2 methods for each of the 3 coronary territories was 81% (κ=0.57) for the left anterior descending artery, 76% (κ=0.52) for the right coronary artery, and 72% (κ=0.40) for the left circumflex artery. Discrepancies between the 2 techniques were most notable in the circumflex territory, where fixed defects were observed in 33% by HPDI but in only 14% by SPECT (χ 2 =15.8, P =0.0001). Conclusions —This study demonstrates that HPDI can reliably detect myocardial perfusion during pharmacological stress, although there was a significantly higher number of falsely abnormal results in the circumflex territory.