tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
&lt;TITLE&gt;The Benefits of Regular Physical Activity&lt;/TITLE&gt;
Journal: JAMA (2000)

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Abstract P065: The Amount and Type of Dairy Product Intake and the Risk of Incident Type 2 Diabetes: Results from the EPIC-InterAct Study
Authors: Ivonne Sluijs, Nita G Forouhi, Joline W Beulens, Yvonne T van der Schouw
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Dairy product intake may be inversely associated with risk of type 2 diabetes, but the evidence is inconclusive for total dairy products and sparse for types of dairy products. Objective: To investigate the prospective association with incidence of type 2 diabetes of total dairy products, and different dairy sub-types in populations with marked variation of intake of these food groups. Design: A nested case-cohort within 8 European countries of the EPIC Study (n=340,234; 3.99 million person-years of follow-up) included a random subcohort (n=16,835) and incident diabetes cases (n=12,403). Baseline dairy product intake was assessed using dietary questionnaires. Country-specific Prentice-weighted Cox regression hazard ratios (HR) were calculated and pooled using random effects meta-analysis. Results: Intake of total dairy products was not related to diabetes risk; HR comparing highest versus lowest quintile of total dairy products was 1.05 (95%CI: 0.91, 1.21; P-trend 0.76) in age, sex, BMI, diabetes risk factors, education and dietary factors adjusted analysis. Among dairy subtypes, an inverse association with cheese intake was present [HR 0.85 (95%CI: 0.72, 1.00); P-trend 0.01], but not with other dairy subtypes. A higher combined intake of fermented dairy products (cheese, yogurt, thick fermented milk) was inversely related to diabetes risk [HR 0.85 (0.75, 0.96), P-trend 0.01]. Conclusion: This large prospective study found no association between total dairy products and diabetes risk. The inverse association of cheese intake and combined fermented dairy product intake with diabetes risk is potentially important and merits further study.
Alcohol and Immediate Risk of Cardiovascular Events
Authors: Elizabeth Mostofsky, Harpreet S. Chahal, Kenneth J. Mukamal, Eric B. Rimm, Murray A. Mittleman
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background— Although considerable research describes the cardiovascular effects of habitual moderate and heavy alcohol consumption, the immediate risks following alcohol intake have not been well characterized. Based on its physiological effects, alcohol may have markedly different effects on immediate and long-term risk. Methods and Results— We searched CINAHL, Embase, and PubMed from inception to March 12, 2015, supplemented with manual screening for observational studies assessing the association between alcohol intake and cardiovascular events in the following hours and days. We calculated pooled relative risks and 95% confidence intervals for the association between alcohol intake and myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and hemorrhagic stroke using DerSimonian and Laird random-effects models to model any alcohol intake or dose–response relationships of alcohol intake and cardiovascular events. Among 1056 citations and 37 full-text articles reviewed, 23 studies (29 457 participants) were included. Moderate alcohol consumption was associated with an immediately higher cardiovascular risk that was attenuated after 24 hours, and even protective for myocardial infarction and hemorrhagic stroke (≈2–4 drinks: relative risk=30% lower risk) and protective against ischemic stroke within 1 week (≈6 drinks: 19% lower risk). In contrast, heavy alcohol drinking was associated with higher cardiovascular risk in the following day (≈6–9 drinks: relative risk=1.3–2.3) and week (≈19–30 drinks: relative risk=2.25–6.2). Conclusions— There appears to be a consistent finding of an immediately higher cardiovascular risk following any alcohol consumption, but, by 24 hours, only heavy alcohol intake conferred continued risk.
Gastritis Cystica Polyposa Found in an Unoperated Stomach: An Unusual Case Treated by Endoscopic Polypectomy
Authors: K Tuncer, M Alkanat, A Musoğlu, A Aydin
Journal: Endoscopy (2003)

A 47-year-old man was referred to the Gastroenterology Department for investigation of a polypoid stomach mass detected incidentally at abdominal computed tomography (CT). The patient did not describe any history of gastric operation. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a broad-based polypoid mass, approximately 25 mm in diameter, at the greater curvature of the corpus. The surface of the polyp was smooth and slightly bluish. Biopsies revealed normal mucosa. Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) showed a homogeneous, hypoechoic, and multilocular polypoid mass in the submucosa (Figure [1]). After submucosal injections of 1/20 000 epinephrine-saline solution endoscopic polypectomy was successfully performed. Histological examination of the polyp demonstrated numerous cystic dilatations lined with gastric surface epithelium under the thin overlying mucosa, and a diagnosis of gastritis cystica polyposa has been established (Figure [2]). The patient was re-admitted with hematemesis and melena, 14 days after endoscopic polypectomy. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed an adherent clot at the site of the polypectomy, and an epinephrine injection was given endoscopically. There was no further rebleeding, and 6 months after the endoscopic polypectomy a repeat endoscopy showed no abnormality. GCP was first described by Littler & Gleibermann in 1972 [1]. These lesions are usually found at gastroenterostomy sites [2]; however, they may rarely also develop in an unoperated stomach as in this patient [2] [3]. It has been suggested that GCP at a gastroenterostomy site is a precancerous lesion [4]. Therefore, removal and histopathological evaluation of these lesions is necessary. Ju et al. published the first report of removal by endoscopic polypectomy of a pedunculated GCP in an unoperated stomach [3]. The second instance, presented here, differs from the first in that the GCP in this case was wide-based and sessile. Although there was no early complication due to endoscopic polypectomy, on the 14th postoperative day there was late bleeding from the polypectomy site which did not recur after epinephrine injection. In conclusion, GCP can occur in an unoperated stomach, and can be treated by endoscopic polypectomy.
Abstract 19199: Cardiomyocyte Enriched MicroRNA, Mir-378, Regulates Hypertrophy Agonists Stimulated Growth of Cardiac Myocytes
Authors: Raghu S Nagalingam, R J Solaro, Mahesh P Gupta, Nagalingam R Sundaresan, Madhu Gupta
Journal: Circulation (2012)

MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that have emerged as important negative regulators of gene expression. We recently described miR-378 as a cardiomyocyte enriched miRNA that targets IGF1/IGF1R signaling and regulates post-natal cardiac remodeling ( JBC 287(16):12913-26, 2012 ). In this study we tested the hypothesis that miR-378 regulates cardiomyocyte growth induced by hypertrophy stimuli. To test miR-378 involvement in cardiac hypertrophy, pressure overload was induced in adult mice by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) for 2 wks or 8 wks. TAC produced about 40% increase in HW / tibia length ratio with no overt cardiac dysfunction at 2 wks (hypertrophy, H group) and 30% reduction in %FS at 8 wks (heart failure, HF group). Expression of miR-378 was reduced by about 50% in H group but it was induced by 1.2-fold in HF group. Deficiency of miR-378 (30% to 60%) was also noted when neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes (NRVM) were exposed to hypertrophy agonists, phenylephrine (PE, 20uM), AngII (100 nM) or isoproterenol (10 uM) for 48 h. Inhibition of miR-378 in NRVM by 378-antimiR, resulted in enhanced PE stimulated cardiomyocyte growth as reflected by 25% increase in cardiomyocyte size by WGA staining. We also noted significatly more induction of ANF in response to PE treatment in 378-antimiR transfected NRVM as compared to scramble control. Conversely, over-expression of miR-378 by 378-mimic in NRVM led to significant inhibition of PE induced [3] Leu incorporation and ANF induction. It also counteracted PE-stimulated activation of Ras and downstream signaling cascade such as pERK1/2, p70S6K and pAKT. One of the well accepted markers of pathological remodeling is nuclear translocation of NFATC which activates hypertrophy gene program in response to hypertrophy stimulus. By confocal imaging we found 378-mimic totally obliterated nuclear occupancy of NFATC 48 h after PE treatment. Data indicate that deficiency of miR-378 contributes to the development of cardiac hypertrophy, and by inhibiting Ras-signaling, miR-378 acts as an anti-hypertrophy microRNA. Our findings implicate that over-expression of miR-378 will counteract pathological remodeling and protect the heart from maladaptive hypertrophy and heart failure.
Monitoring unfractionated heparin in children: a parallel-cohort randomized controlled trial comparing 2 dose protocols
Authors: Andreas Hanslik, Erwin Kitzmüller, Ulrich S. Tran, Katharina Thom, Hratsch Karapetian, Nicole Prutsch, Jasmin Voitl, Ina Michel-Behnke, Fiona Newall, Christoph Male
Journal: Blood (2015)
Inhibition and Enhancement of Skin Tumors in Mice by Dimethyl Sulfoxide Depending on Method of Application&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: W T Jacoby, H S Weiss
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1986)

The role of dimethyl sulfoxide [(DMSO) CAS: 67-68-5] in experimental tumorigenesis was investigated because of conflicting reports in the literature ranging from inhibition to no effect to enhancement. With the use of numbers of skin tumors produced on the back of the mouse following topical applications of carcinogenic agents as the variable and with acetone serving as the control solvent, the following results were obtained: When DMSO was the solvent for benzo[a]pyrene (CAS: 50-32-8) in the single-stage model (C3H mice), tumor numbers doubled. When DMSO was the solvent for 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (CAS: 57-97-6) serving as initiator in the two-stage model (CD-1 mice), tumor numbers were unaffected. In the two-stage model, when DMSO was the solvent for the potent promoter phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate [(PMA) CAS: 16561-29-8] or was applied to skin at the initiation site (the back) before PMA, tumor numbers were reduced to one-third of control. However, when DMSO was applied before PMA to the abdomen, a site remote from initiation, tumor numbers doubled. Enhancement of PMA appears to be unique. Recognition that diverse effects can occur depending on the method of application of DMSO may help to decipher the conflicting literature on its relation to tumorigenesis, could be of value in probing the mechanism of tumor promotion, and might signal further caution in its clinical use.
Abstract 16826: A New Score System for Decision Making During Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients With Multivessel Disease (The CATholic and CHONnam University Hospital Registry [CATCH-ON] Score)
Authors: Hae Chang Jeong, Ki Yuk Jang, Myung Ho Jeong, Ju Han Kim, Young Joon Hong, Doo Sun Sim, Keun Ho Park, Youngkeun Ahn
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Objectives:  The aim of this study was to develop a novel and simple assessment tool for decision making, culprit only or multivessel revascularization, in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients with multivessel disease (MVD).   Background:  It remains unclear whether the optimal strategy is complete revascularization or only culprit vessel percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in AMI patients with MVD.   Methods:  A total of 5,025 patients with AMI from 9 centers of 2 universities were registered in prospective COREA-AMI registry (COnvergent REgistry of catholic and chonnAm university for Acute MI) from January 2004 through December 2009. Out of these, we selected 2,630 patients with MVD and treated by culprit only or multivessel PCI. We investigated the patients’ major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) including cardiac death, re-myocardial infarction, coronary bypass grafting, re-PCI during in hospital period and one year clinical follow-up. And we extracted the variables of CATCH-ON (The CATholic and CHONnam university hospital registry) score which represents preference of multivessel PCI rather than culprit only PCI by subgroup analysis according to the various patient’s baseline clinical and angiographic characteristics.   Results:  The CATCH-ON score was constructed using eight independent variables (1 point for each variable), age above 65 years, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, high killip class (III or IV), low left ventricular ejection fraction (≤ 50%), low creatine clearance (≤ 60ml/min), high level of high sensitivity C reactive protein (≥ 2.0mg/L), and non culprit vessel of left anterior descending artery or left main, ranged from 0 to 8. The incidence of MACEs had increased linearly with the CATCH-ON score. And, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed area under the curve of 0.599, and the cut-off value was 3 points (sensitivity: 67%, specificity: 42%) (Figure 2).   Conclusions:  The CATCH-ON score is a simple and reasonable method to decide the strategy of PCI and improve the clinical outcomes for AMI patients with MVD. We suggest that the patients who has more than 3 points of CATCH-ON score should undergo multivessel PCI.
Granulamatous mastitis treated as tuberculosis: Preliminary results of surveillance programme
Authors: Cigdem Ozdilekcan, Filiz Agca, Sevim Turanli, Ugur Ok, Isin Pak
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction : Breast involvement of tuberculosis is an uncommon, but not a rare disorder especially among developing countries and accurate diagnosis of disease is not always possible.

Aim : To analyze the demographic, clinical, radiological, histopathological data of patients with granulomatous mastitis those who were highly suspected as tuberculosis and to observe the preemptive tuberculosis treatment outcomes.

Method : Between2009-2011 surveillance programme data is retrospectively investigated.

Results : Among 48 patients reported as granulomatous disease postoperatively, only 17 were highly suspected as tuberculosis mastitis according to clinical, radiological and postoperative pathological evaluation. The median age was 34 years (range,21-52, female). The major complaints were breast mass, pain and nipple discharge. Breast ultrasonography revealed common findings indicating the lesions as abscess, mastitis, ductal inflammatory disease and even breast carcinoma. 7 of the 22 patients were suspected as breast carcinoma. Wide local excision was the mainstay of both accurate diagnosis and surgical treatment. None of the patients had active pulmonary or sequelae radiological tuberculosis findings. All the patients were started HRZE treatment with duration of 9 months. 6 of 17 patients have complete response to standard treatment without recurrence. The remaining patients are still under therapy without any complication.

Conclusion : We think that additional to clinical features, ultra sonographic findings with pathologically proven granulomatous mastitiscan be highly suspicion point and preemptive treatment can be started in this group of patients especially in developing countries.
Immunohistologic Analysis of the T-Cell and Macrophage Infiltrate in 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine-Induced Colon Tumors in the Rat&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: P W Bland, L G Warren
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

The infiltrating mononuclear cell (MNC) type, and the localization of major histocompatability class I and class II antigens within 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (CAS: 540-73-8)-induced colonic tumors and normal colonic mucosa in WF/Hsd BR rats were investigated by immunoperoxidase staining of frozen sections with the use of monoclonal antibodies. Infiltrating T-cells stained with monoclonal antibodies W3/13, W3/25, and MRC OX 8; W3/13+ cells were predominant. The most numerous and consistently observed infiltrating cell type was an la antigen-bearing (MRC OX 6+, MRC OX 17+) macrophage. A smaller subpopulation of macrophages, staining with W3/25, showed a similar distribution within tumors. In adenomas and in some well-differentiated adenocarcinomas, the infiltrating MNC were concentrated at the tumor periphery and were in close proximity to neoplastic epithelia, but without evidence of consequent tumor cell necrosis. In all other tumors, infiltrating host cells were confined to the connective tissue stroma dividing clusters of neoplastic glands. The extent of cellular infiltration and the phenotypes of infiltrating cells did not correlate with the degree of tumor differentiation or with tumor size. Expression of MHC class I antigens (MRC OX 18) by tumor cells did not differ from that of normal epithelia, and neoplastic epithelia were uniformly negative for class II antigens (MRC OX 6, MRC OX 17). The data do not support a role for cytotoxic macrophages or T-cells in the local response to colon tumors.
&lt;italic&gt;Brief Communication:&lt;/italic&gt; Relationship Between Epstein-Barr Virus-Determined Complement-Fixing Antigen and Nuclear Antigen Detected by Anticomplement Fluorescence&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: G Klein, V Vonka
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Antibody titers against the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-determined complement-fixing soluble (5) antigen were closely correlated with their titers against the EBVdetermined nuclear antigen (EBNA), as detected by anticomplement fluorescence. The two antigens seemed identical. The correlation between antibody titers to the 5 antigen or to EBNA, on the one hand, and to viral capsid antigen, on the other, was much poorer.
Cytomegaloviruses as Common Adventitious Contaminants in Primary African Green Monkey Kidney Cell Cultures
Authors: K O Smith, J F Thiel, J T Newman, E Harvey, M D Trousdale, W D Gehle, G Clark
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1969)

Twenty-seven of fifty-two lots of primary African green monkey (AGM) kidney cell cultures were found to contain cytomegalovirus (CMV). The cell cultures, all derived from apparently healthy animals, required long incubation periods before CMV could be detected. Less than half the contaminated cultures showed cytopathic effects (CPE) before 4 weeks. About one-fifth of the contaminated cultures failed to show CPE during a 40-day observation period; CMV was initially recognized in these cultures by fluorescence microscopy. Fluorescence and electron microscopy of CMV-infected cells revealed highly distinctive nuclear inclusions. All virus strains tested showed typical focal CPE on monolayers of WI-38 cells after 5 days. Nearly all AGM sera tested contained complement-fixing antibody against several simian CMV strains. Substantial levels of neutralizing antibody against one CMV strain were present in AGM sera tested. Isolation and serological data indicate that CMV is widely distributed as a latent infection among apparently healthy African green monkeys. This wide distribution in well-conditioned monkeys might be considered when the significance of herpes-like viruses in primate cells is interpreted. Simian CMV-human cell interactions are of interest because of the well-known association of herpesviruses with oncogenic processes and because simian CMV strains replicate slowly in human cells.
Annals On Being a Doctor Story Slam - Daboise on East 8
Authors: Faith T. Fitzgerald
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2016)

Web Exclusives19 January 2016Annals On Being a Doctor Story Slam - Daboise on East 8FREEFaith T. Fitzgerald, MDFaith T. Fitzgerald, MDFrom the University of California, Davis, Medical Center, Sacramento, California.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/V15-0020 SectionsAboutVisual Abstract ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Video. Annals On Being a Doctor Story Slam - Daboise on East 8 This story, "Daboise on East 8," by Dr. Faith T. Fitzgerald, is from the Annals On Being a Doctor Story Slam held on 18 November 2015 in Philadelphia, with support from the Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation. (Duration 7:08)Building on the popular Annals feature “On Being a Doctor,” storytellers share stories about the experience of doctoring on video.Attendees of the 18 November 2015 Annals On Being a Doctor Story Slam voted this story as one of their 3 favorites.For more videos from and information on Annals On Being a Doctor Story Slam, visit go.annals.org/StorySlam. Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From the University of California, Davis, Medical Center, Sacramento, California.Note: This story is from the Annals On Being a Doctor Story Slam held on 18 November 2015 in Philadelphia, with support from the Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation. Attendees voted this story as one of their 3 favorites.Corresponding Author: Faith T. Fitzgerald, MD, University of California, Davis, Medical Center, 4150 V Street, Suite 2400, Sacramento, CA 95817. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 19 January 2016Volume 164, Issue 2Page: SS9 ePublished: 19 January 2016 Issue Published: 19 January 2016 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2016 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
Funding cuts could kill local authorities’ enthusiasm for improving public health, experts say
Authors: Adrian O’Dowd
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Cuts to public health funding could undermine efforts to lessen health inequalities made by local authorities, MPs have been told.

Public health experts warned, during an evidence session held on 1 March of the parliamentary health committee, that cuts were dampening local authorities’ enthusiasm and damaging this area of work, which could significantly reduce demand on the NHS.

Responsibility for public health passed from the NHS to local government in 2013. During the committee’s session for its inquiry into how the transition has worked, MPs asked whether health inequalities—across the country and socioeconomic backgrounds—were levelling out.

Michael Marmot, professor of epidemiology in public health and director of the …
Current evidence on hospital antimicrobial stewardship objectives: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Emelie C Schuts, Marlies E J L Hulscher, Johan W Mouton, Cees M Verduin, James W T Cohen Stuart, Hans W P M Overdiek, Paul D van der Linden, Stephanie Natsch, Cees M P M Hertogh, Tom F W Wolfs, Jeroen A Schouten, Bart Jan Kullberg, Jan M Prins
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2016)
The Complete Genome Sequences, Unique Mutational Spectra, and Developmental Potency of Adult Neurons Revealed by Cloning
Authors: Jennifer L. Hazen, Gregory G. Faust, Alberto R. Rodriguez, William C. Ferguson, Svetlana Shumilina, Royden A. Clark, Michael J. Boland, Greg Martin, Pavel Chubukov, Rachel K. Tsunemoto, Ali Torkamani, Sergey Kupriyanov, Ira M. Hall, Kristin K. Baldwin
Journal: Neuron (2016)