tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Contrasting Effects of Vasodilators on Blood Pressure and Sodium Balance in the Hypertension of Autonomic Failure
Authors: JENS JORDAN, JOHN R. SHANNON, BOJAN POHAR, SACHIN Y. PARANJAPE, DAVID ROBERTSON, ROSE-MARIE ROBERTSON, ITALO BIAGGIONI
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1999)

Abstract. Supine hypertension, which is very common in patients with autonomic failure, limits the use of pressor agents and induces nighttime natriuresis. In 13 patients with severe orthostatic hypotension due to autonomic failure (7 women, 6 men, 72 ± 3 yr) and supine hypertension, the effect of 30 mg nifedipine ( n = 10) and 0.025 to 0.2 mg/h nitroglycerin patch ( n = 11) on supine BP, renal sodium handling, and orthostatic tolerance was determined. Medications were given at 8 p.m.; patients stood up at 8 a.m. Nitroglycerin was removed at 6 a.m. Compared with placebo, nifedipine and nitroglycerin decreased systolic BP during the night by a maximum of 37 ± 9 and 36 ± 10 mmHg, respectively ( P &lt; 0.01). At 8 a.m., supine systolic BP was 23 ± 7 mmHg lower with nifedipine than with placebo ( P &lt; 0.05), but was similar with nitroglycerin and placebo. Sodium excretion during the night was not reduced with nitroglycerin (0.13 ± 0.02 mmol/mg creatinine [Cr] versus 0.15 ± 0.03 mmol/mg Cr with placebo), but it was increased with nifedipine (0.35 ± 0.06 mmol/mg Cr versus 0.13 ± 0.02 mmol/mg Cr with placebo, P &lt; 0.05). Nifedipine but not nitroglycerin worsened orthostatic hypotension in the morning. It is concluded that nifedipine and transdermal nitroglycerin are effective in controlling supine hypertension in patients with autonomic failure. However, nifedipine has a prolonged depressor effect and worsens orthostatic hypotension in the morning. The decrease in pressure natriuresis that would be expected with the substantial decrease in BP obtained with nitroglycerin and nifedipine may be offset by a direct effect of both drugs on renal sodium handling.
Association of Diet-Induced Hyperinsulinemia With Accelerated Growth of Prostate Cancer (LNCaP) Xenografts
Authors: V. Venkateswaran, A. Q. Haddad, N. E. Fleshner, R. Fan, L. M. Sugar, R. Nam, L. H. Klotz, M. Pollak
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2007)

Prior research suggested that energy balance and fat intake influence prostate cancer progression, but the influence of dietary carbohydrate on prostate cancer progression has not been well characterized. We hypothesized that hyperinsulinemia resulting from high intake of refined carbohydrates would lead to more rapid growth of tumors in the murine LNCaP xenograft model of prostate cancer.Athymic mice were injected subcutaneously with LNCaP human prostate cancer cells and, when tumors were palpable, were randomly assigned (n = 20 per group) to high carbohydrate-high fat or low carbohydrate-high fat diets. Body weight and tumor volume were measured weekly. After 9 weeks, serum levels of insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) were measured by enzyme immunoassay. AKT activation and the levels of the insulin receptor in tumor cells were determined by immunoblotting. The in vitro growth response of LNCaP cells to serum from mice in the two treatment groups was measured based on tetrazolium compound reduction. All statistical tests were two-sided.After 9 weeks on the experimental diets, mice on the high carbohydrate-high fat diet were heavier (mean body weight of mice on the high carbohydrate-high fat diet = 34 g versus 29.1 g on the low carbohydrate-high fat diet, difference = 4.9 g, 95% CI = 3.8 to 6.0 g; P = .003), experienced increased tumor growth (mean tumor volume in mice on high carbohydrate-high fat diet = 1695 versus 980 mm3 on low carbohydrate-high fat diet, difference = 715 mm3, 95% CI = 608 to 822 mm3; P<.001), and experienced a statistically significant increase in serum insulin and IGF-1 levels. Tumors from mice on the high carbohydrate-high fat diet had higher levels of activated AKT and modestly higher insulin receptor levels than tumors from mice on the low carbohydrate-high fat diet. Serum from mice on the high carbohydrate-high fat diet was more mitogenic for LNCaP cells in vitro than serum from mice fed the low carbohydrate-high fat diet.A diet high in refined carbohydrates is associated with increased tumor growth and with activation of signaling pathways distal to the insulin receptor in a murine model of prostate cancer.
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase activation leads to dilatory H2O2 production in mouse cerebral arteries
Authors: A DROUIN, N THORINTRESCASES, E HAMEL, J FALCK, E THORIN
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2006)

Objective: Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) produced by the vascular endothelium is a signaling molecule regulating vascular tone. We hypothesized that H2O2 derived from eNOS activity could play a physiological role in endothelium-dependent dilation of mouse cerebral arteries.
DISCHARGE AND READMISSION RATES IN 4,254 CONSECUTIVE FIRST ADMISSIONS OF SCHIZOPHRENIA
Authors: ROBERT H. ISRAEL, NELSON A. JOHNSON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1956)

1. Without exception, each age group has achieved a rising rate of discharge over the 40-year period studied. The most marked rise has been in patients aged 35-49, where the rate has risen from 40% to 74%, and in patients aged 50 and over, where the rate has jumped from 25% to 50%. 2. In the 20 years prior to 1933, males traditionally had a higher rate of discharge than women. Beginning in 1933 the gap gradually closed until 1943-53's admissions saw a complete reversal of the pattern, with women having a higher rate of discharge than men. 3. The readmission rates cannot be fully compared until more time has gone by for recent discharges. However, a figure of some 30% represents the rehospitalization rate during 10 years after discharge for earlier cases. Since the 1943-52 discharges have a first-year readmission rate of 9.6%, there is sound basis for believing that recent discharges are achieving as good or better remissions than patients discharged in former years, and that the final 10-year permanent readmission figure will be 25 to 30%. 4. Studies of this type provide a historical perspective of changes which have taken place in prognosis for the schizophrenic. Such data also provide a useful yardstick for evaluating new therapeutic techniques. This study, along with others completed and in process at the Warren State Hospital, demonstrates that the old pessimism about schizophrenia is not justified. Three of 4 schizophrenics currently coming to the hospital are being discharged and only 25-30% of currently discharged patients will require permanent readmission. These studies also seem to contradict the oft-expressed views that shock and other modern therapies have not really effected any change in prognosis for the schizophrenic patient. The figures demonstrate quite clearly a sharply improved outlook. There is no longer any reason for the family physician or the psychiatrist to talk in hopeless terms with the family of the schizophrenic patient. There is every reason to believe that new therapies and improvement of presently available therapies will brighten the already encouraging picture.
Decreased and aberrant nuclear lamin expression in gastrointestinal tract neoplasms
Authors: S F Moss, V Krivosheyev, A de Souza, K Chin, H P Gaetz, N Chaudhary, H J Worman, P R Holt
Journal: Gut (1999)

Altered expression of lamins A/C and B1, constituent proteins of the nuclear lamina, may occur during differentiation and has also been reported in primary lung cancer.To examine the expression of these proteins in gastrointestinal neoplasms.Archival human paraffin wax blocks and frozen tissue from patients undergoing surgical resection or endoscopic biopsy.Immunohistochemistry and western blotting using polyclonal antisera against A type lamins and lamin B1.The expression of lamin A/C was reduced and was frequently undetectable by immunohistochemistry in all primary colon carcinomas and adenomas, and in 7/8 primary gastric cancers. Lamin B1 expression was reduced in all colon cancers, 16/18 colonic adenomas, and 6/8 gastric cancers. Aberrant, cytoplasmic labelling with both antibodies occurred in some colonic cancers and around one third of colonic adenomas. Cytoplasmic lamin A/C expression was detected in 3/8 gastric cancers. Lamin expression was reduced in gastric dysplasia, but not intestinal metaplasia, atrophy, or chronic gastritis. Lamin expression was low in carcinomas of oesophagus, prostate, breast, and uterus, but not pancreas.Reduced expression of nuclear lamins, sometimes together with aberrant, cytoplasmic immunoreactivity is common in gastrointestinal neoplasms. Altered lamin expression may be a biomarker of malignancy in the gastrointestinal tract.
Expression of adhesion molecules on CD34+ cells: CD34+ L-selectin+ cells predict a rapid platelet recovery after peripheral blood stem cell transplantation
Authors: MW Dercksen, WR Gerritsen, S Rodenhuis, MK Dirkson, IC Slaper-Cortenbach, WP Schaasberg, HM Pinedo, AE von dem Borne, CE van der Schoot
Journal: Blood (1995)
Walter Kenneth Wills
Authors: Clifford Evans
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1968)

Journal Article Walter Kenneth Wills Get access Clifford Evans Clifford Evans Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 80, Issue 6, 1 June 1968, Page 412, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1968.tb12329.x Published: 01 June 1968
Diagnostic challenge in autoimmune pancreatitis: beware of shipwreck!
Authors: P. Levy, P. Hammel, P. Ruszniewski
Journal: Gut (2008)

Assessing the differential diagnosis between autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) and pancreatic adenocarcinoma is like sailing between two rocks. Rock number 1 is to perform a surgical pancreatic resection in patients with AIP; rock number 2 consists of giving steroids to patients with resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma thought to have AIP. Both attitudes are clearly diagnostic failures responsible for major patient prejudice. In this issue of Gut ( see page 1704 ) in the study of Moon et al ,1 the authors propose a diagnostic challenge with steroids during 2 weeks in patients with atypical AIP (ie, not completely corresponding to published diagnostic criteria for AIP) carefully selected in a tertiary centre. This diagnostic challenge was already included in the Mayo criteria for AIP since in the acronym HISORt (see the Box for the meaning), Rt means “Response to steroid treatment”.2 Moon et al show that all the 15 patients who had a clinical and radiological response within 15 days of treatment had confirmed AIP. On the contrary, the 7 patients without response had pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Although the study was adequately designed and the results nicely presented, the message might not be devoid of danger, bringing the sailing boat close to …
Transgenic Expression of Decoy Receptor 3 Protects Islets from Spontaneous and Chemical-induced Autoimmune Destruction in Nonobese Diabetic Mice
Authors: Hsiang-Hsuan Sung, Jyuhn-Huarng Juang, Yu-Chun Lin, Chien-Hung Kuo, Jung-Tung Hung, An Chen, Der-Ming Chang, Sun-Yran Chang, Shie-Liang Hsieh, Huey-Kang Sytwu
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2004)

Decoy receptor 3 (DCR3) halts both Fas ligand– and LIGHT-induced cell deaths, which are required for pancreatic β cell damage in autoimmune diabetes. To directly investigate the therapeutic potential of DCR3 in preventing this disease, we generated transgenic nonobese diabetic mice, which overexpressed DCR3 in β cells. Transgenic DCR3 protected mice from autoimmune and cyclophosphamide-induced diabetes in a dose-dependent manner and significantly reduced the severity of insulitis. Local expression of the transgene did not alter the diabetogenic properties of systemic lymphocytes or the development of T helper 1 or T regulatory cells. The transgenic islets had a higher transplantation success rate and survived for longer than wild-type islets. We have demonstrated for the first time that the immune-evasion function of DCR3 inhibits autoimmunity and that genetic manipulation of grafts may improve the success and survival of islet transplants.
Acute hamstring injuries in Swedish elite football: a prospective randomised controlled clinical trial comparing two rehabilitation protocols
Authors: Carl M Askling, Magnus Tengvar, Alf Thorstensson
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2013)

Background Hamstring injury is the single most common injury in European professional football and, therefore, time to return and secondary prevention are of particular concern. Objective To compare the effectiveness of two rehabilitation protocols after acute hamstring injury in Swedish elite football players by evaluating time needed to return to full participation in football team-training and availability for match selection. Study design Prospective randomised comparison of two rehabilitation protocols. Methods Seventy-five football players with an acute hamstring injury, verified by MRI, were randomly assigned to one of two rehabilitation protocols. Thirty-seven players were assigned to a protocol emphasising lengthening exercises, L-protocol and 38 players to a protocol consisting of conventional exercises, C-protocol. The outcome measure was the number of days to return to full-team training and availability for match selection. Reinjuries were registered during a period of 12 months after return. Results Time to return was significantly shorter for the players in the L-protocol, mean 28 days (1SD±15, range 8–58 days), compared with the C-protocol, mean 51 days (1SD±21, range 12–94 days). Irrespective of protocol, stretching-type of hamstring injury took significantly longer time to return than sprinting-type, L-protocol: mean 43 vs 23 days and C-protocol: mean 74 vs 41 days, respectively. The L-protocol was significantly more effective than the C-protocol in both injury types. One reinjury was registered, in the C-protocol. Conclusions A rehabilitation protocol emphasising lengthening type of exercises is more effective than a protocol containing conventional exercises in promoting time to return in Swedish elite football.
Persistence of Type-Specific Human Papillomavirus Infection and Increased Long-term Risk of Cervical Cancer
Authors: H.-C. Chen, M. Schiffman, C.-Y. Lin, M.-H. Pan, S.-L. You, L.-C. Chuang, C.-Y. Hsieh, K.-L. Liaw, A. W. Hsing, C.-J. Chen
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2011)

BackgroundHuman papillomavirus (HPV) persistence is the pivotal event in cervical carcinogenesis. We followed a large-scale community-based cohort for 16 years to investigate the role of genotype-specific HPV persistence in predicting cervical cancer including invasive and in situ carcinoma.
A specific requirement for PDGF-C in palate formation and PDGFR-α signaling
Authors: Hao Ding, Xiaoli Wu, Hans Boström, Injune Kim, Nicole Wong, Bonny Tsoi, Meredith O'Rourke, Gou Young Koh, Philippe Soriano, Christer Betsholtz, Thomas C Hart, Mary L Marazita, L L Field, Patrick P L Tam, Andras Nagy
Journal: Nature Genetics (2004)
Development of quinolone-resistant strains of Escherichia coli in stools of patients with cirrhosis undergoing norfloxacin prophylaxis: clinical consequences
Authors: José Ramón Aparicio, José Such, Sonia Pascual, Angeles Arroyo, Joaquín Plazas, Eva Girona, Ana Gutiérrez, Félix de Vera, José Maria Palazón, Fernando Carnicer, Miguel Pérez-Mateo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1999)
NET CLINICAL BENEFIT OF COMBINATION ANTICOAGULANT AND ANTIPLATELET THERAPY VERSUS ANTICOAGULATION ALONE IN ATRIAL FIBRILLATION PATIENTS: RESULTS FROM THE AMADEUS TRIAL
Authors: Deirdre Lane, Pieter Kamphuisen, Pascal Minini, Olaf R. De Peuter, Harry R. Buller, Gregory Y H Lip
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Early life lung function and respiratory outcome in the first year of life
Authors: Nienke van Putte-Katier, Anne C. van der Gugten, Cuno S.P.M. Uiterwaal, Brita M. de Jong, Mattijs E. Numans, Jan L.L. Kimpen, Theo J.M. Verheij, Cornelis K. van der Ent
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Abnormal early life lung function is related to wheezing in childhood; however, data on the association with cough are not available. We determined the relationship between early life lung function and wheeze and cough during the first year of life, adjusted for other possible risk factors. Infants were participants of the Wheezing Illnesses Study Leidsche Rijn (WHISTLER). Lung function measurements were performed before the age of 2 months. Information on pre- and perinatal factors, general characteristics and anthropometrics were assessed by questionnaires. Follow-up data on respiratory symptoms were assessed by daily questionnaires. 836 infants had valid lung function measurements and complete follow-up data for respiratory symptoms at 1 yr of age. Multivariable Poisson analysis showed that higher values of respiratory resistance (<i>R</i><sub>rs</sub>) and time constant (<i>τ</i><sub>rs</sub>) were associated with an increased risk for wheeze and cough during the first year of life. Higher values of respiratory compliance (<i>C</i><sub>rs</sub>) were associated with a decreased risk for wheeze and cough. <i>R</i><sub>rs</sub>, <i>C</i><sub>rs</sub> and <i>τ</i><sub>rs</sub> measured shortly after birth were independently associated with wheeze and cough during the first year of life. As the strength of the relationships were different for wheeze and cough, they should be used as two separate entities.
A Divalent Hapten-Peptide Induces Apoptosis in Human Non–Hodgkin Lymphoma Cell Lines Targeted by Anti-CD20 × Anti-Hapten Bispecific Antibodies
Authors: Pierre-Yves Brard, Habibe Karacay, Rhona Stein, Robert M. Sharkey, M. Jules Mattes, Chien-Hsing Chang, Edmund A. Rossi, William J. McBride, David M. Goldenberg
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

Bispecific antibody (bsMAb) pretargeting procedures use divalent hapten-peptides to stabilize the binding of the hapten-peptide on tumor cells by a process known as the affinity enhancement system. The goal of this study was to determine if a divalent hapten-peptide could induce apoptosis by cross-linking bsMAb bound to CD20.Three forms of bsMAbs were prepared by coupling the IgG, F(ab')2, or Fab' of a humanized anti-CD20 antibody to a Fab' of a murine antibody directed against the hapten histamine-succinyl-glycine (HSG). A recombinant bsMAb with divalent binding to CD20 and monovalent binding to HSG was also examined. Induction of apoptosis on SU-DHL-6, RL, and Ramos cells was examined by propidium iodide staining, caspase-3 activation, and mitochondrial membrane potential collapse, and compared with induction by cross-linking an anti-CD20 IgG with an antispecies antibody.The various forms of bsMAb had differing baseline levels of apoptosis in the absence of the divalent HSG peptide. The addition of the divalent HSG peptide significantly increased the level of apoptosis seen with the Fab'xFab' bsMAb by 2.2- to 3.9-fold, as well as the F(ab')2xFab', IgGxFab', and the recombinant bsMAbs by approximately 1.5-fold.The addition of a divalent HSG peptide to various forms of bispecific anti-CD20 MAbs could enhance apoptotic signaling in several lymphoma cells. This effect was more consistently measured when the orientation of the anti-hapten-binding arm of the bsMAb was well defined, such as in the Fab'xFab' and recombinant forms of bsMAb.
TNF signaling drives myeloid-derived suppressor cell accumulation
Authors: Xueqiang Zhao, Lijie Rong, Xiaopu Zhao, Xiao Li, Xiaoman Liu, Jingjing Deng, Hao Wu, Xia Xu, Ulrike Erben, Peihua Wu, Uta Syrbe, Joachim Sieper, Zhihai Qin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

TNF, an inflammatory cytokine that is enriched in the tumor microenvironment, promotes tumor growth and subverts innate immune responses to cancer cells. We previously reported that tumors implanted in TNF receptor–deficient (Tnfr–/–) mice are spontaneously rejected; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying this rejection are unclear. Here we report that TNF signaling drives the peripheral accumulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). MDSCs expand extensively during inflammation and tumor progression in mice and humans and can enhance tumor growth by repressing T cell–mediated antitumor responses. Peripheral accumulation of MDSCs was drastically impaired in Tnfr–/– mice. Signaling of TNFR-2, but not TNFR-1, promoted MDSC survival through upregulation of cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) and inhibition of caspase-8 activity. Loss of TNFRs impaired the induction of MDSCs from bone marrow cells, but this could be reversed by treatment with caspase inhibitors. These results demonstrate that TNFR-2 signaling promotes MDSC survival and accumulation and helps tumor cells evade the immune system.
Prognosis of Individuals With Asymptomatic Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)
Authors: Joseph Yeboah, Carlos J. Rodriguez, Brandon Stacey, Joao A. Lima, Songtao Liu, J. Jeffrey Carr, W. Gregory Hundley, David M. Herrington
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Limited data exist on the prevalence, associations, and prognosis of individuals with asymptomatic left ventricular systolic dysfunction (ALVSD), especially in populations without previous clinical cardiovascular disease (CVD).Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard analyses were used to assess the association between ALVSD, defined as left ventricular ejection fraction <50%, and adjudicated incident congestive heart failure (CHF), all-cause mortality, and CVD events. Of 5004 participants, 112 participants had CHF, 321 had a CVD event, and 278 died after 9 years of follow-up. The overall prevalence of ALVSD was 1.7%, with a higher prevalence in blacks (2.6%). ALVSD had a worse cardiovascular risk profile and was also associated with increased risk in unadjusted and adjusted models for incident CHF (HR [hazard ratio] [95% CI {confidence interval}]: 12.0 [7.04-20.3], P<0.0001 and 8.69 [4.89-15.45], P<0.001 respectively), CVD (HR [95% CI]: 3.32 [1.98-5.58], P<0.001 and 2.21 [1.30-3.73], P=0.003 respectively), and all-cause mortality (HR [95% CI]: 3.47 [2.03-5.94], P<0.0001 and 2.00 [1.13-3.54], P=0.017, respectively). A 10% decrement in left ventricular ejection fraction at baseline was associated with an increase in risk in unadjusted and adjusted models for clinical CHF (HR [95% CI]: 2.17 [1.82-2.63], P<0.0001 and 2.13 [1.73-2.51], P<0.001, respectively) and all-cause mortality (HR [95% CI]: 1.22 [1.05-1.41], P=0.009 and 1.17 [1.00-1.36], P=0.047, respectively). Among the subset of participants with ALVSD, the left ventricular mass index was particularly informative about risk for incident CHF (c-index=0.74).ALVSD is uncommon in individuals without previous clinical CVD, but it is associated with high risk for CHF, CVD, and all-cause mortality. The left ventricular mass index had good discrimination for incident CHF in Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) participants with ALVSD.