tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of Hepatocarcinogenesis by Adrenocorticotropin in Aflatoxin B1-Treated Rats2
Authors: A. Chedid, A. E. Bundeally, C. L. Mendenhall
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

We examined whether hormones would modify the carcinogenic action of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). Four groups of inbred Fischer rats received AFB1, 125 mug per animal, weekly per os. In three of the groups, certain hormones were administered simultaneously: One group received 1 U growth hormone (GH) sc weekly, another was given 4 U adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) weekly, and a third received 0.5 U insulin weekly sc. AFB1, ACTH, and insulin were given for 20 weeks; GH was given for only 10 weeks. The control group did not receive hormone adjuvant. In each group, 4 animals were killed at 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 weeks; the remaining rats were killed at 77 weeks. Their livers were carefully examined and samples prepared for light and electron microscopy. Animals receiving AFB1 and ACTH failed to exhibit hepatocellular carcinoma. On the other hand, malignant lymphoma appeared at 56 weeks in 3 of the 6 surviving males on this regime. AFB1, alone or when given with insulin or GH, caused hepatocellular carcinoma in all animals; in these, lymphoma was not observed. Lymphoma comprised two cell types, each with similar neclear characteristics but differing in their nucleocytoplasmic ratios and in the amount and distribution of cytoplasmic organelles. Alterations leading to hepatocellular carcinoma were examined at various stages of development. "Basophilic hyperplasia" reflected an increase in free ribosomes. "Hyperplastic nodules" were composed of hepatocyte aggregates with characteristics similar to those encountered in the earlier stage. Both the "neoplastic nodules" and hepatocellular carcinomas were formed by cells containing large, "smooth fingerprints" and free ribosomal aggregates. These features supported the concept that AFB1 impairs ribosomal binding to endoplasmic reticulum membranes. The failure of ACTH-treated animals to develop hepatocellular carcinoma was ascribed to the effect of adrenal cortical stimulation upon membrane-polysome binding.
Prognostic Value of Pre-Treatment Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio in Patients (Pts) with Metastatic Solid Tumors: Results of an Observational Cohort from a Single French Center
Authors: Y. Vano, F. Scotte, P. Combe, A. Angelergues, M. Auvray, P. Leroy, E. Tartour, S. Oudard, R. Elaidi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Incidence of brain metastasis in esophageal cancer.
Authors: Brendan McCann, Kiran Bhatti, Vivienne MacLaren
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

46 Background: Brain metastasis in oesophageal cancer is a rare but often fatal complication. In previous studies the incidence has ranged from 1.4% - 13% with the largest studies from China and Japan that have been retrospectively based over fifteen to twenty years. (Ogawa K, Toita T, Sueyama H. Brain metastases from esophageal carcinoma: natural history, prognostic factors, and outcome. Cancer. 2002 Feb 1;94(3):759-64.) With improving diagnostic techniques and differing histology of oesophageal cancer from Eastern countries we undertook a study to determine the incidence of brain metastases in oesophageal cancers in the West of Scotland. Methods: Data from all the new patients diagnosed with oesophageal cancer was obtained with permission from the Regional Managed Clinical Network from the years 2011 and 2012 yielding a total of 701 patients. The individual clinical records were examined to ascertain if the patient developed brain metastases on CT/MRI scan, their tumour type and management. Results: Of the 701 patients diagnosed with oesophageal cancer, 19 developed brain metastasis demonstrating an incidence of 2.7%. 12 of these patients primary diagnosis was adenocarcinoma. The others were small cell (3), neuroendocrine (2), squamous (1) and no histology (1). At the time of writing 17 out of 19 patients had died from their oesophageal cancer. The 2 surviving patients had a single brain metastasis that was resected and treated with adjuvant radiotherapy. 6 other patients had whole brain radiotherapy, 1 patient had partial brain radiotherapy and 10 were managed with best supportive care. Mean survival from diagnosis of brain metastasis for best supportive care was 26 +/- 14 days versus mean survival for radiotherapy treatment from 100+/- 57 days (p = 0.003) demonstrating a difference between the groups. Conclusions: The incidence of brain metastasis in oesophageal cancer in the West of Scotland was 2.7% with the prognosis generally poor unless resected.
Updated 6 Year Follow-Up Of The PRIMA Study Confirms The Benefit Of 2-Year Rituximab Maintenance In Follicular Lymphoma Patients Responding To Frontline Immunochemotherapy
Authors: Gilles Andre Salles, John Francis Seymour, Pierre Feugier, Fritz Offner, Armando Lopez-Guillermo, David Belada, Luc Xerri, Reda Bouabdallah, John Catalano, Brice Pauline, Dolores Caballero, Corinne Haioun, Lars Moller Pedersen, Alain Delmer, David Simpson, Sirpa Leppa, Pierre Soubeyran, Anton Hagenbeek, Olivier Casasnovas, Tanin Intragumtornchai, Christophe Ferme, Maria Gomes da Silva, Catherine Sebban, Andrew Lister, Jane A Estell, Gustavo Milone, Anne Sonet, Bertrand Coiffier, Herve Tilly
Journal: Blood (2013)
Genomic Locations of Conserved Noncoding Sequences and Their Proximal Protein-Coding Genes in Mammalian Expression Dynamics
Authors: Isaac Adeyemi Babarinde, Naruya Saitou
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2016)

Experimental studies have found the involvement of certain conserved noncoding sequences (CNSs) in the regulation of the proximal protein-coding genes in mammals. However, reported cases of long range enhancer activities and inter-chromosomal regulation suggest that proximity of CNSs to protein-coding genes might not be important for regulation. To test the importance of the CNS genomic location, we extracted the CNSs conserved between chicken and four mammalian species (human, mouse, dog, and cattle). These CNSs were confirmed to be under purifying selection. The intergenic CNSs are often found in clusters in gene deserts, where protein-coding genes are in paucity. The distribution pattern, ChIP-Seq, and RNA-Seq data suggested that the CNSs are more likely to be regulatory elements and not corresponding to long intergenic noncoding RNAs. Physical distances between CNS and their nearest protein coding genes were well conserved between human and mouse genomes, and CNS-flanking genes were often found in evolutionarily conserved genomic neighborhoods. ChIP-Seq signal and gene expression patterns also suggested that CNSs regulate nearby genes. Interestingly, genes with more CNSs have more evolutionarily conserved expression than those with fewer CNSs. These computationally obtained results suggest that the genomic locations of CNSs are important for their regulatory functions. In fact, various kinds of evolutionary constraints may be acting to maintain the genomic locations of CNSs and protein-coding genes in mammals to ensure proper regulation.
A Novel CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cell–Dependent Murine Model of <i>Pneumocystis</i>-driven Asthma-like Pathology
Authors: Taylor Eddens, Brian T. Campfield, Katelin Serody, Michelle L. Manni, William Horne, Waleed Elsegeiny, Kevin J. McHugh, Derek Pociask, Kong Chen, Mingquan Zheng, John F. Alcorn, Sally Wenzel, Jay K. Kolls
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2016)

Infection with Pneumocystis, an opportunistic fungal pathogen, can result in fulminant pneumonia in the clinical setting of patients with immunosuppression. In murine models, Pneumocystis has previously been shown to induce a CD4+ T cell-dependent eosinophilic response in the lung capable of providing protection.We sought to explore the role of Pneumocystis in generating asthma-like lung pathology, given the natural eosinophilic response to infection.Pneumocystis infection or antigen treatment was used to induce asthma-like pathology in wild-type mice. The roles of CD4+ T cells and eosinophils were examined using antibody depletion and knockout mice, respectively. The presence of anti-Pneumocystis antibodies in human serum samples was detected by ELISA and Western blotting.Pneumocystis infection generates a strong type II response in the lung that requires CD4+ T cells. Pneumocystis infection was capable of priming a Th2 response similar to that of a commonly studied airway allergen, the house dust mite. Pneumocystis antigen treatment was also capable of inducing allergic inflammation in the lung, resulting in anti-Pneumocystis IgE production, goblet cell hyperplasia, and increased airway resistance. In the human population, patients with severe asthma had increased levels of anti-Pneumocystis IgG and IgE compared with healthy control subjects. Patients with severe asthma with elevated anti-Pneumocystis IgG levels had worsened symptom scores and lung parameters such as decreased forced expiratory volume and increased residual volume compared with patients with severe asthma who had low anti-Pneumocystis IgG.The present study demonstrates for the first time, to our knowledge, that Pneumocystis is an airway allergen capable of inducing asthma-like lung pathology.
Clinical and laboratory parameters associated with outcomes in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with modified vaccinia Ankara delivering tumor antigen 5T4.
Authors: R. J. Amato, J. Podolnick, R. Harrop, S. Naylor
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e13132 Background: Two separate studies have been conducted to study the efficacy of modified vaccinia Ankara delivering tumor antigen 5T4 (TroVax) alone, in combination with either interleukin-2 or interferon-α totaling 53 patients (Clin Cancer Res 2008; 14[22], J Immunother 2009; 32[7]). We will review the overall survival of this patient population of <12 months, >12 months and >24 months and provide correlation with their baseline clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: We have reviewed baseline data of 53 patients. The entire baseline laboratory parameters were assessed. Clinical data such as pathology, diagnosed to initial therapy with TroVax, time of metastases development, the number of metastatic lesions and performance status. Both univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted. Results: Analysis of the data revealed the diagnosed time to start interval of therapy, metastasis to interval of receiving TroVax, the number of metastatic lesions, decreased leucocyte count, decreased platelet count, increased hemoglobin, decreased neutrophils, increased absolute lymphocyte, decreased corrected calcium, decreased lactate dehydrogenase, decreased albumin and decreased alkaline phosphatase correlated to overall survival. Conclusions: Results identify a specific subset of metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients with a favorable outcome based on clinical and laboratory parameters. These results can be applied as inclusion/exclusion criteria for prospective TroVax studies in addition to other cancer vaccine clinical trials. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Oxford BioMedica Oxford BioMedica
Reply to C. Shah et al
Authors: Lawrence J. Solin, Robert Gray, Lorie L. Hughes, William C. Wood, Mary Ann Lowen, Sunil S. Badve, Frederick L. Baehner, James N. Ingle, Edith A. Perez, Abram Recht, Joseph A. Sparano, Nancy E. Davidson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)
The Authors' reply
Authors: Grazia Grazzini, Marco Zappa, Stephen P Halloran
Journal: Gut (2011)

The Author's reply: The new data presented in Dr Zorzi's letter1 2 are a valuable contribution to the evolving evidence that colorectal cancer screening programmes that use an immunochemical faecal occult blood test (iFOBT) should expect a difference in clinical effectiveness between periods …
THE IN VITRO DIFFERENTIATION OF MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTES
Authors: Zanvil A. Cohn, Belinda Benson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1965)

The concentration of newborn calf serum in the medium has marked effects on the morphological and biochemical properties of mouse mononuclear phagocytes. At a low serum concentration, the cells developed small numbers of tiny cytoplasmic granules and little or no increase in acid phosphatase, cathepsin, and ß-glucuronidase. As the serum concentration was raised, granules were formed at a more rapid rate and were larger in size. The rate of production and total amount of three hydrolytic enzymes was increased at higher levels of serum. Observations on living cells indicated that the phase-dense granules which accumulated in the perinuclear region were derived from pinocytic vesicles. These clear vesicles fused and migrated to the centrosphere where they underwent a gradual increase in phase density and reacted positively for acid phosphatase. A microscopic technique was described for the evaluation of the pinocytic process. When this method was employed, the rate of pinocytosis increased curvilinearly with elevations in the calf serum concentration of the medium. The comparative influence of bovine, horse, and rabbit serum on mouse cells was evaluated. It is suggested that pinocytosis is a major regulator of granule formation and hydrolytic enzyme production by the mouse macrophage.
Poster Session 2: Hepatitis C: Therapeutics (Approved Agents)
Journal: Hepatology (2015)

nosed between [1998][1999][2000][2001][2002][2003][2004][2005][2006][2007][2008][2009][2010][2011][2012][2013][2014] with SCD in remission (with sickle cell history > 30 years) All patients were placed LDV 90 mg + SOF 400 mg a day; with food for 12 weeks Patient characteristics: the table will be included in the oral presentation (slide) or poster Medications allowed: Hydroxyurea, Tylenol, MS Contin, Methadone, Antibiotics (Levofloxacin, Doxycycline, Colchicine, Metronidazole), epoetin alpha Exclusion: Decompensated cirrhotics, HIV, HBV, Sepsis, brittle SCD with frequent flares, uncontrolled DM, cardiomyopathy, CHF NYHA class III-IV, CKD, chronic osteomyelitis, active IVDU, Daily alcohol > 30 grams, Deferoxamine for 12 weeks.Side events: Nausea-9/24, constipation 6/24, diarrhea 2/24, headache 6/24, abdominal pain 3/24, renal colic 1/24, insomnia 8/24, anemia 2/24, hyperbilirubinemia 4/24, UTI 3/24 Conclusion: This study demonstrates that LDV and SOF combination in SCD patients with CHC is safe and well tolerated; with an SVR12 of 91.67% (22/24) with 8.3% (2/24) viral failure (in concomitant genotypes; 1a/4c and 1a/3c).
Single nucleotide polymorphisms in fatty acid desaturases is associated with cord blood long chain PUFA proportions and development of allergy
Authors: M. Barman, S. Nilsson, Torinsson A. Naluai, Anna Sandin, A. Wold, A-S Sandberg
Journal: Allergy (2015)

Single nucleotide polymorphisms in fatty acid desaturases is associated with cord blood long chain PUFA proportions and development of allergy
Original article: CGS 16949A, a new aromatase inhibitor in the treatment of breast cancer — A Phase I study
Authors: K.R. Beretta, K. Hoeffken, S. Kvinnsland, P. Trunet, A. Chaudri, A.S. Bhatnagar, A. Goldhirech, F. Cavalli
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1990)
Genome-wide cell-specific gene expression analysis identifies the involvement of the adipocytokine signalling pathway in atherosclerotic plaque rupture
Authors: Kelvin Lee, Tuomo Polvikoski, Daniel Birchall, Mauro Santibanez-Koref, Alexander D Mendelow, Bernard D Keavney
Journal: Circulation (2007)

The molecular mechanisms leading to plaque rupture are poorly understood. Genome-wide gene expression studies may reveal novel causal molecular pathways. METHODS: Snap-frozen human atherosclerotic ...
Final Results of a Randomized Phase 2 Study Comparing Carboplatin Plus Irinotecan (Ci) Versus Carboplatin Plus Amrubicin (Ca) for Extensive Disease Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Njlcg0901
Authors: Y. Tsukita, N. Morikawa, S. Sugawara, M. Maemondo, T. Harada, M. Harada, A. Inoue, Y. Kawashima, Y. Fujita, T. Kato, H. Yokouchi, H. Watanabe, K. Usui, T. Suzuki, S. Oizumi, H. Nagai, M. Kanbe, T. Nukiwa
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
THE METABOLISM OF INJECTED 3 H-TESTOSTERONE IN THORACIC DUCT LYMPH OF MALE RATS
Authors: Kanji Seiki, Masahiko Kotani
Journal: Circulation (1971)

Ten μc of [1, 2-3H] testosterone was injected intravenously, as a single dose, to male intact, castrated, adrenalectomized and hypophyse-tomized rats. The lymph from thoracic duct was collected continuously at varing intervals for 160min after the injection. In all animal groups the intravenously injected hormone appeared in the lymph, with maximum radio-activity in the first five minute lymph specimen, and disappeared afterward at a very rapid rate. The pattern of appearance of radioactivity in the lymph was similar to that in blood circulation. A greater proportion of raioactivity appeared in the early 40minute lymph specimen. The values of cumulative radioactivity were higher in the lymph of both adrenalectomized and hypophysectomized animal groups than those of both intact and castrated ones. It was mentioned that the hypophyseo-adrenal axis might be responsible for this phenomenon. The estimated biological half-lives in the lymph were longer in castrated animals than those in the other groups. A possible reason for this was discussed.
Resistance of the Chorio-Allantoic Membrane of Chick Embryos to Rous Sarcoma and MH2 Reticuloendothelioma Viruses
Authors: S. S. Dhaliwal
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1963)

The resistance of chorio-allantoic membranes of various strains (White Leghorn, Australorp, and New Hampshire, from the Kok Poultry Farm; Light Sussex, from the Dept. of Agriculture, Malaya) of chick embryos to Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) and MH2 virus was studied. The New Hampshire, Kok strain was more resistant to RSV and MH2 virus than the other strains (level of resistance was based on the resistant membranes). One strain, White Leghorn, Kok, was more resistant to RSV than to MH2 virus. There was no correlation between resistance of the chorio-allantoic membrane and resistance of the adult chick or the embryo proper to RSV. Experiments with varying titers of RSV and MH2 virus showed that the percentage of nonreactors decreased with increase in virus titer—due to the resistant membranes producing a mild reaction when exposed to higher concentrations of virus. Such resistant membranes with mild reaction should be ignored in the calculation of virus titer from the pock count on membranes. The difference in the mean pock count between different strains of chick embryos to these viruses appeared to be due only to the resistant membranes. The number of pocks produced on the membrane were abnormally distributed and had to be log transformed. Reciprocal crosses between two of the susceptible strains and the resistant New Hampshire, Kok strain show that resistance to RSV and MH2 virus is dominant and not sex-linked.
Comparison of serum HER-2/neu between trastuzumab-based regimen and anthyracycline-based regimen during neoadjuvant chemotherapy in advanced primary breast cancer
Authors: J. Lee, W. Min, S. Kim, B. Son
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e11582 Background: Serum Her-2/neu has been known as molecular surrogating marker of predicting treatment response in Her-2 positive breast cancer. We compare the change of serum Her-2/neu during neoadjuvant chemotherapy between trastuzumab(H) and anthyracyline(A) based treatment. Methods: All breast cancers were tested by immunohistochemical stain and FISH for Her-2/neu before treatment. Serum Her-2/neu was twice measured by Chemiluminescence immunoassay(ADVIA centaurTMsystem) before neoadjuvant chemotherapy and before operation. The cutoff value was 10.2 mg/ml according to previous study. Pathologic complete response (pCR) was considered as no residual tumor or remnant ductal carcinoma in situ, partial response (PR) was less than 50% decrease in maximal diameter in pathologic tumor size. Results: Serum Her-2/neu of trastuzumab group was more decreased than of anthyracyline group (H; 12.9 ± 14.5 ng/mL vs. A; 2.2 ± 1.2 ng/mL, p=0.024). In trastuzumab group, pCR was relatively correlated with decrease of serum Her-2/neu (PR: 0.8 ± 0.84 ng/ml vs. pCR: 21.1 ± 13.2 ng/ml, p=0.08). Conclusions: A decrease in serum Her-2/neu levels during treatment was associated with pathologic response in patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy, particularly, trastuzumab-based regimen. Serum Her-2/neu levels may serve to monitoring neoadjuvant therapy in Her-2/neu positive breast cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Serum neuron-specific enolase level is an independent predictor of overall survival in patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors
Authors: R.C.S. van Adrichem, K. Kamp, T. Vandamme, M. Peeters, R.A. Feelders, W.W. de Herder
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Matrix ageing and vascular impacts: focus on elastin fragmentation
Authors: Laurent Duca, Sébastien Blaise, Béatrice Romier, Muriel Laffargue, Stéphanie Gayral, Hassan El Btaouri, Charlotte Kawecki, Alexandre Guillot, Laurent Martiny, Laurent Debelle, Pascal Maurice
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2016)

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide and represent a major problem of public health. Over the years, life expectancy has considerably increased throughout the world, and the prevalence of CVD is inevitably rising with the growing ageing of the population. The normal process of ageing is associated with progressive deterioration in structure and function of the vasculature, commonly called vascular ageing. At the vascular level, extracellular matrix (ECM) ageing leads to molecular alterations in long half-life proteins, such as elastin and collagen, and have critical effects on vascular diseases. This review highlights ECM alterations occurring during vascular ageing with a specific focus on elastin fragmentation and also the contribution of elastin-derived peptides (EDP) in age-related vascular complications. Moreover, current and new pharmacological strategies aiming at minimizing elastin degradation, EDP generation, and associated biological effects are discussed. These strategies may be of major relevance for preventing and/or delaying vascular ageing and its complications.
Abstract 12225: Atrial Fibrillation Termination Areas during Substrate Ablation Guided by Complex Fractionated Atrial Electrograms are Located Commonly in the Same Anatomic Regions of the Atria with or without Preceding Pulmonary Vein Isolation
Authors: Yasuhisa Iriki, Naoya Oketani, Hideki Okui, Hitoshi Ichiki, Sanemasa Ishida, Yuichi Ninomiya, Ryuichi Maenosono, Fuminori Namino, Takehiko Matsushita, Masaaki Miyata, Shuichi Hamasaki
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction: Ablation of complex fractionated atrial electrograms (CFAE-ABL), as a solitary or an additional strategy plus pulmonary vein isolation (PVI), plays an important role in successful tre...
Question About the Analysis of Missing Data and Identification of an Error
Authors: Yohnosuke Wada, Hiroyuki Tsunemori, Mamoru Kikuchi
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2016)

To the Editor We read the study by Li et al1 with great interest and have been inspired to consider new prophylactic strategies against Clostridium difficile infection because the surgical patients in our departments are similar to those in their study. However, we have 2 questions for the authors.