tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Estimating the impact of rituximab on bcl-2-associated resistance to CHOP using competing risks in elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL)
Authors: N. Mounier, J. Briere, C. Gisselbrecht, P. Lederlin, F. Berger, A. Bosly, H. Tilly, F. Reyes, P. Gaulard, B. Coiffier
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

7514 Background: In diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, the combination of rituximab and CHOP (R-CHOP) has been proved to reduce bcl-2-associated treatment failure in elderly patients. However, some deaths could be due to age-associated morbidity such as cardio-vascular events. Patients and Methods: We therefore, addressed the question of its long-term impact by a competing risks analysis of 292 patients from the previously updated LNH-98–5 trial by the Groupe d’Etude des Lymphomes de l’Adulte (GELA) (Feugier et al, J Clin Oncol 2005). Using the competing risk formulation of Cox model regression, we investigated the effect of the explanatory variables on different competing events during the disease’s course such as progression, relapse, or death. Results: With a median follow-up of 5 years, R-CHOP was associated with a better survival than CHOP in 193 bcl-2-positive patients (56 ± 9% vs 42 ± 11%, P = 0.01), whereas in 99 bcl-2-negative patients there was no difference (58 ± 14% vs 52 ± 15% vs, P = 0.6). Results of competing risks analysis are given in table. Of particular interest, R-CHOP significantly decreased the risk of progression or relapse in both bcl-2-positive (RR = 2.6, P &lt; 0.001) and bcl-2 negative (RR = 2.2, P = 0.01) and had no impact on the risk of death in complete remission patients (age over 70 remained an adverse factor). After relapse, aa-IPI 2–3 (RR = 2.9, P &lt; 0.0001) and bcl-2 overexpression (RR = 1.5, P = 0.03) had still a significant effect on the risk of death but not front-line R-CHOP and age above 70. Conclusion: These findings highlight the role of rituximab in the sensitization to drug-induced apoptosis without inducing long-term sequel. However, Bcl2 positive patients failed to salvage treatment after relapse. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract P145: Using an Activity Monitor to Motivate Physical Activity among Healthy Employees: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Anne N Thorndike, Sarah Mills, Lillian Sonnenberg, Susan Regan
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Worksite physical activity programs have the potential to reduce sedentary behavior of large populations of employees. Activity monitors are promising tools for motivating individuals to increase physical activity, but it is unknown whether this is an effective strategy for a relatively healthy employee population. Methods: We conducted a 2-phase trial to assess the effectiveness of providing 102 internal medicine residents with an activity monitor for 12 weeks. The first phase (6 weeks) was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) with half of the residents randomized to wear a monitor with visible feedback (steps, calories, activity level) and half the residents randomized to wear a blinded monitor (control). The second phase (6 weeks) was a team competition (TC), and all residents were unblinded and divided into 3 teams (interns, juniors, seniors) that competed on weekly steps. To increase compliance over 12 weeks, we conducted a weekly lottery for two $10 gift cards among subjects who wore the monitor for at least 5 of 7 days. Pedometer use (defined as &gt; 500 steps/day) was compared across groups using chi-squared tests. We compared mean daily steps on days when pedometer was worn between control and intervention groups using generalized linear mixed models with participant as a random effect. Results: Baseline demographics and weight did not differ between control and intervention. Mean age was 29, 54% were female, and mean BMI was 24.2. Mean daily steps at baseline (week 1) were 8,084 (SD 3565). During the RCT phase (6 weeks), control and intervention groups did not differ in mean daily steps, but over the entire study (12 weeks), the intervention group logged 403 more steps per day than control (p&lt;.001). During the 6- week TC phase, subjects logged 297 more steps per day than during the 6-week RCT (p=.001). A similar proportion of subjects from both groups wore the pedometer during the 6-week RCT (75%), but despite unblinding during the second 6 weeks (TC), pedometer usage was lower in the control group compared to intervention (55% vs. 63%, p&lt;.001). Conclusions: Compliance with using an activity monitor in this young employee population was relatively high but started to decrease after 6 weeks. Although the effect size was small, providing an activity monitor and creating a team competition was effective for motivating employees to increase activity over the short term. Future study is needed to evaluate long-term effectiveness among a more sedentary population.
Phase II study of decitabine and gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO) in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).
Authors: Y. Chen, H. Kantarjian, G. Garcia-Manero, Z. Estrov, M. Konopleva, E. Jabbour, T. M. Kadia, B. Williams, S. George, G. Borthakur
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

6566 Background: Antileukemic activity of GO correlates with expression of Syk, a tumor suppressor, in AML cells. Hypomethylating agents increase expression of Syk in AML cells. A phase II study of 5-azacitidine with GO in elderly untreated AML patients (pts) showed remission rate of 70%. We are investigating the efficacy and safety of the combination of GO with decitabine in AML and MDS. Methods: Induction comprises of decitabine 20 mg/m2 intravenously (IV) daily for 5 days and GO 3 mg/m2 IV X 1 on day 5. Initially an additional GO dose was allowed if pt had circulating blasts on day 14, but was revised to add 5 days of decitabine instead of GO on day 15 ± 2, if day 14 bone marrow shows > 5% blasts. Subsequent therapy allows for 5 additional cycles of decitabine and GO every 4-6 weeks. Pts with responses can continue with decitabine x 5 days every 4-6 weeks for 2 years. This report is limited to the previously untreated patients with AML or MDS. Results: We report on the 56 pts (AML = 37, MDS = 19) with previously untreated AML or MDS. The median age was 70 years (range, 42-87), 36 (58%) were male. Twenty-six (46%) pts were treated on the original schedule and 30 (54%) on the revised schedule. Responses were seen in 26 (46%) pts (10/26 [38%] in original schedule, 16/30 [53%] in revised schedule). Sixteen pts (29%) (6/26 [23%] in original schedule, 10/30 [33%] in revised schedule) achieved complete remission (CR) or CR without platelet recovery (CRp). Two pts had partial remission, 7 had clearance of marrow blasts and 1 had hematological improvement-hemoglobin. Toxicities were mostly related to infusion reactions with GO. Twelve pts had infections requiring hospitalization. Grade 3/4 nonhematologic toxicities include atrial flutter (1 pt) and 1 transient ischemic attack. There were 2 early deaths. Responding pts have continued therapy for a median day of 202 (range, 40-540). Conclusions: Decitabine plus GO is an active regimen in older pts with untreated AML or high-risk MDS, toxicities are minimal. The accrual in this study is ongoing. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Eisai
Novel Noninvasive Biomarker for Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE)
Authors: Anil Mishra, Sathisha Upparahalli Venkateshaiah, Chandrashekara Puthanapura Mahadevappa, Murli Manohar, Alok Kumar Verma, Jochen Mattner
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Pharmacogenetic profiling and clinical outcome of patients (pts) with advanced gastric cancer (AGC) treated with S-1 monotherapy
Authors: W. Ichikawa, T. Takahashi, Y. Sasaki
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

4600 Background: Intra-tumor gene expressions of thymidylate synthase (TS) and orotate phosphoribosyltranseferase (OPRT) have been indicated to be positive predictive markers for the clinical outcome of pts treated by S-1 monotherapy for AGC (Int J Cancer 119:1245,2006). The aim of this study is to investigate whether polymorphisms with putative influence on S-1 activity are associated with clinical outcomes of pts with AGC. Patients and Methods: The study population consisted of consecutive 55 pts with AGC from 01/1999 to 03/2002 in our institute. All patients homogenously received the S-1 monotherapy (80mg/sqm/day, 4 wks with 2-wks drug holiday) as a first line treatment. The overall response rate was 40% and the median overall survival (OS) was 8.0 months (range, 2.1 to 23.0 months). Genomic DNA obtained before starting chemotherapy was used for genotyping 8 polymorphisms in 5 genes (DPD, TS, OPRT, MTHFR, CYP2A6). Results: No alleles of DPYD*2 were found in this Japanese cohort. There were no association among the clinical outcome, such as tumor response and OS, and genotypes including tandem repeat (VNTR) in TS 5’UTR, G/C polymorphism with in the 3R VNTR, OPRT G638C, MTHFR C677T, CYP2A6*4, and CYP2A6*9. Even if TS 5’UTR and G/C polymorphism were combined, TS 5’UTR 3G genotype (2R/3G, 3C/3G, 3G/3G) was not associated with the clinical outcome. Only 6-bp insertion/deletion (ins/del) in the TS 3’UTR was closely related to both tumor response and OS. The response rates were 23% and 55% in pts with del/del genotype and pts with ins/ins or ins/del, respectively, with a statistical significance (P=0.015). The median OS was 9.5 months in pts with the ins allele versus 6.2 months in pts with del homozygote (P=0.0345). Conclusion: This exploratory study shows that polymorphism in TS 3’UTR may influence clinical outcomes of AGC pts treated by S-1. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Oral fluoroquinolone use and serious arrhythmia: bi-national cohort study
Authors: Malin Inghammar, Henrik Svanström, Mads Melbye, Björn Pasternak, Anders Hviid
Journal: BMJ (2016)

To evaluate if oral fluoroquinolone use is associated with an increased risk of serious arrhythmia.Bi-national cohort study, linking register data on filled prescriptions, cases of serious arrhythmia, and patient characteristics.Denmark, 1997-2011; Sweden, 2006-13.The study cohort was derived from a source population of all Danish and Swedish adults, aged 40 to 79 years. 909,656 courses of fluoroquinolone use (ciprofloxacin 82.6%, norfloxacin 12.1%, ofloxacin 3.2%, moxifloxacin 1.2%, and other fluoroquinolones 0.9%) and 909,656 courses of penicillin V use, matched 1:1 on propensity score, were included.The main outcome was risk of serious arrhythmia (fatal and non-fatal), comparing courses of fluoroquinolone use with courses of penicillin V use (an antibiotic with no pro-arrhythmic effect). The risk period of interest was current use, defined as days 0-7 of treatment. Subgroup analyses were conducted according to country, sex, age, underlying cardiovascular disease, concomitant use of drugs known to increase the risk of torsades de pointes, fluoroquinolone type, and levels of arrhythmia risk score.144 cases of serious arrhythmia occurred during follow-up, 66 among current fluoroquinolone users (incidence rate 3.4 per 1000 person years) and 78 among current penicillin users (4.0 per 1000 person years); comparing oral fluoroquinolone treatment with penicillin V, the rate ratio was 0.85 (95% confidence interval 0.61 to 1.18). Compared with penicillin V, the absolute risk difference was -13 (95% confidence interval -35 to 16) cases of serious arrhythmia per 1,000,000 courses of fluoroquinolones. The risk of serious arrhythmia was not statistically significantly increased in any of the subgroups, including analyses by fluoroquinolone type.Contrary to previous reports, oral fluoroquinolone treatment was not associated with an increased risk of serious arrhythmia in the general adult populations of Denmark and Sweden. Given the statistical power of the study, even small increases in relative and absolute risk could be ruled out. Since ciprofloxacin was the most commonly used fluoroquinolone in our study, we cannot exclude that intraclass differences influence the risk of serious arrhythmia associated with other less frequently used fluoroquinolones.
Family-Joining: A Fast Distance-Based Method for Constructing Generally Labeled Trees
Authors: Prabhav Kalaghatgi, Nico Pfeifer, Thomas Lengauer
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2016)

Abstract The widely used model for evolutionary relationships is a bifurcating tree with all taxa/observations placed at the leaves. This is not appropriate if the taxa have been densely sampled across evolutionary time and may be in a direct ancestral relationship, or if there is not enough information to fully resolve all the branching points in the evolutionary tree. In this article, we present a fast distance-based agglomeration method called family-joining (FJ) for constructing so-called generally labeled trees in which taxa may be placed at internal vertices and the tree may contain polytomies. FJ constructs such trees on the basis of pairwise distances and a distance threshold. We tested three methods for threshold selection, FJ-AIC, FJ-BIC, and FJ-CV, which minimize Akaike information criterion, Bayesian information criterion, and cross-validation error, respectively. When compared with related methods on simulated data, FJ-BIC was among the best at reconstructing the correct tree across a wide range of simulation scenarios. FJ-BIC was applied to HIV sequences sampled from individuals involved in a known transmission chain. The FJ-BIC tree was found to be compatible with almost all transmission events. On average, internal branches in the FJ-BIC tree have higher bootstrap support than branches in the leaf-labeled bifurcating tree constructed using RAxML. 36% and 25% of the internal branches in the FJ-BIC tree and RAxML tree, respectively, have bootstrap support greater than 70%. To the best of our knowledge the method presented here is the first attempt at modeling evolutionary relationships using generally labeled trees.
An algorithm to identify delivery of palliative radiation therapy using health care claims data: A proof of concept application of data visualization tools in the prostate cancer (PCa) setting.
Authors: Ebere Onukwugha, James F. Gardner, Jinani Jayasekera, Sana Malik, Arif Hussain, C. Daniel Mullins, Adriana Valderrama, Brian S. Seal, Young Kwok
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

248 Background: Studies using healthcare claims data to investigate the burden of skeletal-related events employ various approaches to identify radiation to the bone (RttB) because billing codes available in claims data do not distinguish RttB from radiation to the prostate gland. We investigated the use of Eventflow data visualization software to identify components of a claims-based algorithm for RttB. Methods: We analyzed data for PCa cases identified in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry data linked with Medicare claims. We identified two cohorts of individuals diagnosed between 2005 and 2009 and receiving radiation therapy, C1: diagnosed with incident bone metastasis (BM) according to SEER data; C2: diagnosed with incident stage IV M0 PCa. We defined radiation episodes of care from claims for external beam radiation therapy, radiopharmaceutical therapy, intensity modulated radiotherapy and stereotactic radiosurgery. Eventflow was used to compare cohorts and identify criteria for identifying RttB using claims data. Results: Application of inclusion criteria resulted in 1,491 individuals: 999 in C1 and 492 in C2. Median follow up was 596 days in C1 and 882 days in C2. Average age was 77 years in C1 and 73 years in C2. The median time to radiation therapy was 133 days in C1 compared to 171 days in C2. When requiring a BM diagnosis code on the radiation claim, the median time was 160 days in C1 compared to 514 days in C2. The median time to a fracture was 107 days in C1 compared to 369 days in C2. The median time to bone surgery was 183 days in C1 compared to 447 days in C2. The median time to spinal cord compression was 154 days in C1 compared to 375 days in C2. A BM diagnosis code concurrent with the radiation episode and radiation episodes less than or equal to 4 weeks in length were more common among C1 compared to C2. Conclusions: Analysis of data visualization output indicates that incorporating a bone metastasis code on claims concurrent with a radiation episode of care or the information regarding the length of the radiation episode will be useful for identifying receipt of palliative radiation using claims data.
Corrigendum to: Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 mediates hypoxia-induced very low density lipoprotein-cholesteryl ester uptake and accumulation in cardiomyocytes
Authors: R. Cal, J. Castellano, E. Revuelta-Lopez, R. Aledo, M. Barriga, J. Farre, G. Vilahur, L. Nasarre, L. Hove-Madsen, L. Badimon, V. Llorente-Cortes
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2012)

[Cardiovascular Research, Volume 94, Issue 3, 1 June 2012, Pages 469–479; doi:10.1093/cvr/cvs136.] 

The published version …
Update: Dracunculiasis Eradication—Pakistan, 1994
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Palliative and end-of-life care for children with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma: results from a London cohort study and international survey
Authors: Sophie E.M. Veldhuijzen van Zanten, Charlotte L.L.I. van Meerwijk, Marc H.A. Jansen, Jos W.R. Twisk, Anna-Karenia Anderson, Lucy Coombes, Maggie Breen, Olivia J. Hargrave, June Hemsley, Finella Craig, Ofelia Cruz, Gertjan J.L. Kaspers, Dannis G. van Vuurden, Darren R. Hargrave
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

More than 90% of patients with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) will die within 2 years of diagnosis. Patients deteriorate rapidly during the disease course, which severely impairs their quality of life. To date, no specific research on this clinically important subject has been conducted. This study aimed to compile an inventory of symptoms experienced, interventions applied, and current service provision in end-of-life care for DIPG. We performed a retrospective cohort study of children with DIPG, aged 0–18 years, who received treatment under the care of 2 London hospitals. Symptoms, interventions, and services applied during the 12 weeks before death were analyzed. In addition, we conducted a global questionnaire-study among health care professionals. In more than 78% of DIPG patients, problems concerning mobility, swallowing, communication, consciousness, and breathing arose during end-stage disease. Supportive drugs were widely prescribed. The use of medical aids was only documented in <15% of patients. Palliative and end-of-life care was mostly based on the health care professional's experience; only 21% of the questionnaire respondents reported to have a disease-specific palliative care guideline available. This research assessed the current state of palliative and end-of-life care for children with DIPG. Our results show the variability and complexity of symptoms at end-stage disease and the current lack of disease-specific guidelines for this vulnerable group of patients. This first descriptive paper is intended to act as a solid basis for developing an international clinical trial and subsequent guideline to support high-quality palliative and end-of-life care.
Combination Chemotherapy of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Bronchus with Cisplatinum and Bleomycin Followed by Radiotherapy: Results of a Pilot Study
Authors: S J Karp, Teresa E Young, Marie T Bakowski, Margaret F Spittle
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1986)

Thirteen patients were entered into an uncontrolled pilot study to investigate the response to, and toxicity of, a combination of cisplatinum (20 mg/m2) and bleomycin (6 mg/m2) infused daily for 5 days and repeated every 21 days up to a maximum of 4 cycles, in the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the bronchus. This regimen was subsequently followed by a split course of local irradiation. All patients have been followed to death. Six patients showed a partial response to chemotherapy while 7 showed no response or progressive disease. The median survival was 5 months. The median survival of the responders was 15 months and that of the nonresponders 3 months. Two patients developed the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion from which one died. The longest survivor, who died 26 months after the commencement of chemotherapy, had severe mediastinal and pulmonary fibrosis.
Abstract 14879: High dose Vitamin D Supplementation Attenuates Left Atrial Enlargement in African American Men with Hypovitaminosis D and Dysglycemia: Results of the D-Vitamin Intervention in Veteran Administration (DIVA) Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Sunil Pauwaa, Irina Ciubotaru, Mayank Kansal, Elena Barengolts
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Vitamin D deficiency is common among African American men (AAM) in the United States and is associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk. This study evaluated the effect of high-dose vitamin D supplementation on echocardiographic parameters in AAM with dysglycemia and hypovitaminosis D. Hypothesis: High dose vitamin D therapy will improve structural and diastolic echocardiographic parameters. Methods: AAM with dysglycemia (A1C 5.7-6.9% and no hypoglycemic drugs) and low vitamin D levels (25OHD: 5.0-29ng/ml) were randomized to high-dose ergocalciferol (50,000 IU/week) or placebo. Echocardiography was performed at baseline and at 1 year. Ejection fraction (EF), septal and posterior wall thickness, left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDd), left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVEDs), left atrial (LA) area, LA length, LA volume, E, A, septal and lateral e’ and a’, deceleration time (DT), and isovolumetric relaxation time (IVRT) were measured. Results: 81/158 (51%) patients rec...