tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Incidence of Helicobacter pylori strains activating neutrophils in patients with peptic ulcer disease.
Authors: H Rautelin, B Blomberg, H Fredlund, G Jarnerot, D Danielsson
Journal: Gut (1993)

A total of 61 human gastric isolates of Helicobacter pylori were studied for their ability to induce an oxidative burst in human neutrophils measured by luminol enhanced chemiluminescence. About one third of the strains induced strong and rapid chemiluminescence in neutrophils even without serum opsonins and agglutinated these cells on glass slides within two minutes. For other strains complement was required, although even then the reactions remained at a lower level. The activating and agglutinating property was bound to the cells, heat labile, and sensitive to several enzymes but resistant to acid. Strains possessing such activity were more common in patients with peptic ulcer disease than in patients with active chronic gastritis only (p = 0.0261, Fisher9s exact test, two tailed). The activity shown might be a new indicator for ulcerogenic strains and could also partly explain the accumulation of neutrophils in the gastric mucosa during H pylori infection.
A Prospective Study of Arsenic Exposure, Arsenic Methylation Capacity, and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Bangladesh
Authors: Yu Chen, Fen Wu, Mengling Liu, Faruque Parvez, Vesna Slavkovich, Mahbub Eunus, Alauddin Ahmed, Maria Argos, Tariqul Islam, Muhammad Rakibuz-Zaman, Rabiul Hasan, Golam Sarwar, Diane Levy, Joseph Graziano, Habibul Ahsan
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2013)

Background: Few prospective studies have evaluated the influence of arsenic methylation capacity on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.Objective: We evaluated the association of arsenic exposure from drinking water and arsenic methylation capacity with CVD risk.Method: We conducted a case–cohort study of 369 incident fatal and nonfatal cases of CVD, including 211 cases of heart disease and 148 cases of stroke, and a subcohort of 1,109 subjects randomly selected from the 11,224 participants in the Health Effects of Arsenic Longitudinal Study (HEALS).Results: The adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for all CVD, heart disease, and stroke in association with a 1-SD increase in baseline well-water arsenic (112 µg/L) were 1.15 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.30), 1.20 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.38), and 1.08 (95% CI: 0.90, 1.30), respectively. aHRs for the second and third tertiles of percentage urinary monomethylarsonic acid (MMA%) relative to the lowest tertile, respectively, were 1.27 (95% CI: 0.85, 1.90) and 1.55 (95% CI: 1.08, 2.23) for all CVD, and 1.65 (95% CI: 1.05, 2.60) and 1.61 (95% CI: 1.04, 2.49) for heart disease specifically. The highest versus lowest ratio of urinary dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) to MMA was associated with a significantly decreased risk of CVD (aHR = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.34, 0.85) and heart disease (aHR = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.33, 0.88). There was no significant association between arsenic metabolite indices and stroke risk. The effects of incomplete arsenic methylation capacity—indicated by higher urinary MMA% or lower urinary DMA%—with higher levels of well-water arsenic on heart disease risk were additive. There was some evidence of a synergy of incomplete methylation capacity with older age and cigarette smoking.Conclusions: Arsenic exposure from drinking water and the incomplete methylation capacity of arsenic were adversely associated with heart disease risk.
Differential Localization of Human Pancreas Cancer-Associated Antigen and Carcinoembryonic Antigen in Homologous Pancreatic Tumoral Xenograft&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: M H Tan, T Shimano, T M Chu
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

Journal Article Differential Localization of Human Pancreas Cancer-Associated Antigen and Carcinoembryonic Antigen in Homologous Pancreatic Tumoral Xenograft Get access Mong Heng Tan, Mong Heng Tan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Takashi Shimano, Takashi Shimano Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar T. Ming Chu T. Ming Chu 7 7Address reprint requests to Dr. Chu. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 67, Issue 3, September 1981, Pages 563–569, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/67.3.563 Published: 01 September 1981 Article history Received: 14 August 1980 Accepted: 16 March 1981 Published: 01 September 1981
The immunogenicity of chimeric antibodies.
Authors: M Brüggemann, G Winter, H Waldmann, M S Neuberger
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1989)

Mice were immunized with model xenogeneic (both the VH frameworks and the CH domains of human origin), chimeric (just VH frameworks human), or self antibodies, and the antiantibody responses were dissected. Only the self antibody did not elicit a response. A strong response was elicited by the most xenogeneic antibody with approximately 90% against the C and approximately 10% against the V. The anti-V response was not attenuated in the chimeric antibody, demonstrating that foreign VH frameworks can be sufficient to lead to a strong antiantibody response. The magnitude of this xenogeneic anti-VH response was similar to that of the allotypic response elicited by immunizing mice of the Igha allotype with an Ighb antibody. Thus, although chimerization can diminish antiantibody responses, attention should be paid both to V region immunogenicity and to polymorphism.
Improved Survival for Stage IV Melanoma From an Unknown Primary Site
Authors: Chris C. Lee, Mark B. Faries, Leslie A. Wanek, Donald L. Morton
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

PURPOSE We previously demonstrated a survival advantage for nodal metastasis of melanoma from an unknown primary (MUP) versus melanoma from a known primary (MKP). We hypothesized that this survival benefit would extend to MUP patients with distant (stage IV) metastasis. PATIENTS AND METHODS We reviewed prospectively acquired data for 2,247 patients diagnosed with American Joint Committee on Cancer stage IV melanoma at our cancer center between 1971 and 2005. Cox regression analysis in a multivariate model identified prognostic factors significant for survival. MUP and MKP patients were then matched by significant covariates. Overall survival (OS) was estimated by Kaplan-Meier method and compared by log-rank analysis. Results There were 1,849 MKP and 398 MUP patients. Multivariate analysis of patients with complete data sets identified known/unknown primary (hazard ratio [HR], 1.141; P = .032) and five other significant covariates: age (HR, 1.148; P = .007), sex (HR, 1.17; P = .001), site of metastasis (HR, 1.336; P < .001), number of different metastatic sites (HR, 1.303; P < .001), and decade of diagnosis (HR, 0.713; P < .001). Prognostic matching yielded 392 MUP-MKP pairs. Median OS and 5-year OS rate were significantly greater (P < .001) for MUP patients than for all matched MKP patients or for MKP patients matched by M1 category (for M1b and M1c) or number of metastatic sites. CONCLUSION The survival advantage previously reported for patients with stage III MUP also applies to patients with stage IV MUP. The mechanism responsible for this improved survival may provide clues for more effective treatment of stage IV melanoma and therefore warrants further investigation. The improved results for MUP suggest that these patients deserve aggressive therapy.
Good news in the nuclear envelope: loss of lamin A might be a gain
Authors: Paola Scaffidi, Tom Misteli
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2006)

Genetic diseases often reveal the physiological roles of the affected proteins. The identification of mutations in the nuclear envelope proteins lamin A and lamin C as the cause of a diverse group of human diseases has expanded our understanding of the lamin proteins from being merely structural elements of the cell nucleus and has implicated them in novel cellular functions including signal transduction and gene expression. However, it now appears that the physiological relevance of one of the lamin proteins in organismal function has been overestimated. In this issue of the JCI, Fong et al. demonstrate that lamin A-deficient mice are phenotypically normal (see the related article beginning on page 743). The good news is these findings open the door to a new strategy for the therapeutic treatment of diseases caused by mutations in lamin A, such as muscular dystrophies and some types of premature aging syndromes.
Na+/H+ exchanger regulatory factor 1 knockout mice have an attenuated hepatic inflammatory response and are protected from cholestatic liver injury
Authors: Man Li, Albert Mennone, Carol J. Soroka, Lee R. Hagey, Xinshou Ouyang, Edward J. Weinman, James L. Boyer
Journal: Hepatology (2015)

The intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM‐1) is induced in mouse liver after bile duct ligation (BDL) and plays a key role in neutrophil‐mediated liver injury in BDL mice. ICAM‐1 has been shown to interact with cytoskeletal ezrin‐radixin‐moesin (ERM) proteins that also interact with the PDZ protein, Na + /H + exchanger regulatory factor 1 (NHERF‐1/EBP50). In NHERF‐1 −/− mice, ERM proteins are significantly reduced in brush‐border membranes from kidney and small intestine. ERM knockdown reduces ICAM‐1 expression in response to tumor necrosis factor alpha. Here we show that NHERF‐1 assembles ERM proteins, ICAM‐1 and F‐actin into a macromolecule complex that is increased in mouse liver after BDL. Compared to wild‐type (WT) mice, both sham‐operated and BDL NHERF‐1 −/− mice have lower levels of activated ERM and ICAM‐1 protein in the liver accompanied by significantly reduced hepatic neutrophil accumulation, serum alanine aminotransferase, and attenuated liver injury after BDL. However, total bile acid concentrations in serum and liver of sham and BDL NHERF‐1 −/− mice were not significantly different from WT controls, although hepatic tetrahydroxylated bile acids and Cyp3a11 messenger RNA levels were higher in NHERF‐1 −/− BDL mice. Conclusion : NHERF‐1 participates in the inflammatory response that is associated with BDL‐induced liver injury. Deletion of NHERF‐1 in mice leads to disruption of the formation of ICAM‐1/ERM/NHERF‐1 complex and reduction of hepatic ERM proteins and ICAM‐1, molecules that are up‐regulated and are essential for neutrophil‐mediated liver injury in cholestasis. Further study of the role of NHERF‐1 in the inflammatory response in cholestasis and other forms of liver injury should lead to discovery of new therapeutic targets in hepatic inflammatory diseases. (H epatology 2015;62:1227‐1236)
mTOR inhibition reverses Akt-dependent prostate intraepithelial neoplasia through regulation of apoptotic and HIF-1-dependent pathways
Authors: Pradip K Majumder, Phillip G Febbo, Rachel Bikoff, Raanan Berger, Qi Xue, Louis M McMahon, Judith Manola, James Brugarolas, Timothy J McDonnell, Todd R Golub, Massimo Loda, Heidi A Lane, William R Sellers
Journal: Nature Medicine (2004)
The Human Ortholog of Granulocyte Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor and Interleukin-2 Fusion Protein Induces Potent <i>Ex vivo</i> Natural Killer Cell Activation and Maturation
Authors: Claudia Penafuerte, Norma Bautista-Lopez, Boulassel Mohamed-Rachid, Jean-Pierre Routy, Jacques Galipeau
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Natural killer (NK) cells are appealing cellular pharmaceuticals for cancer therapy because of their innate ability to recognize and kill tumor cells. Therefore, the development of methods that can enhance the potency in their anticancer effect would be desirable. We have previously shown that a murine granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)/interleukin 2 (IL-2) fusion protein displays novel antitumor properties in vivo compared with both cytokines in combination due to recruitment of NK cells. In the present work, we have found that human ortholog of the GM-CSF/IL-2 fusion protein (a.k.a. hGIFT2) induces robust NK cell activation ex vivo with significant secretion of RANTES and a 37-fold increase in IFNγ production when compared with either IL-2 or GM-CSF single cytokine treatment or their combination. Moreover, hGIFT2 upregulates the expression of NK cell activating receptors NKp44, NKp46, and DNAM-1 (CD226), as well as CD69, CD107a, and IL-2Rβ expression. In addition, hGIFT2 promotes NK cell maturation, based on the downregulation of CD117 expression and upregulation of CD11b. This phenotype correlates with significantly greater cytotoxicity against tumor cells. At the molecular level, hGIFT2 leads to a potent activation of Janus-activated kinases (JAK) downstream of both IL-2 and GM-CSF receptors (JAK1 and JAK2, respectively) and consequently leads to a hyperphosphorylation of signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT)1, STAT3, and STAT5. In conclusion, hGIFT2 fusokine possesses unique biochemical properties distinct from IL-2 and GM-CSF, constitutes a novel and potent tool for ex vivo NK cell activation and maturation, and may be of use for cancer cell immunotherapy. [Cancer Res 2009;69(23):9020–8]
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Pathology and Pathogenesis
Authors: Dina G. Tiniakos, Miriam B. Vos, Elizabeth M. Brunt
Journal: Annual Review of Pathology Mechanisms of Disease (2010)

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is recognized as the leading cause of chronic liver disease in adults and children. NAFLD encompasses a spectrum of liver injuries ranging from steatosis to steatohepatitis with or without fibrosis. Fibrosis may progress to cirrhosis and complications including hepatocellular carcinoma. Histologic findings represent the complexity of pathophysiology. NAFLD is closely associated with obesity and is most closely linked with insulin resistance; the current Western diet, high in saturated fats and fructose, plays a significant role. There are several mechanisms by which excess triglycerides are acquired and accumulate in hepatocytes. Formation of steatotic droplets may be disordered in NAFLD. Visceral adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity and insulin resistance results in aberrant cytokine expression; many cytokines have a role in liver injury in NAFLD. Cellular stress and immune reactions, as well as the endocannabinoid system, have been implicated in animal models and in some human studies.
Systemic therapy with cyclophosphamide and anti-CD20 antibody (rituximab) in relapsed primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma: a report of 7 cases
Authors: Maria T Fierro, Paola Savoia, Pietro Quaglino, Mauro Novelli, Manuela Barberis, Maria G Bernengo
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2003)
Snowblading injuries in Eastern Canada
Authors: E J Bridges, F Rouah, K M Johnston
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2003)

Objectives: To evaluate injury patterns of snowbladers and compare them with those of skiers and snowboarders. To determine possible effects of helmet use in these sports on injury to the head and neck. Methods: This prospective case series observational study was conducted by collecting the injury reports from the ski patrol during the 1999–2000 season at Mont Tremblant ski resort, Quebec. All participants in downhill winter sports who presented themselves to the ski patrol with traumatic injury related to their sport were included. A concussion was defined as any loss of consciousness, amnesia, confusion, disorientation, vertigo, or headache that resulted from injury. The ski patroller reported helmet use on the accident report at the time of injury. Results: Snowbladers present with a unique pattern of injury compared with skiers and snowboarders. The incidence of leg, knee, and ankle/foot injuries were 20.5%, 25.6%, and 10.3% respectively. Concussions represented 11% of all injuries. There was no increase in other injury, including neck injury, related to helmet use. Conclusions: Unique injury patterns in snowbladers warrant reconsideration of equipment design. Concussion is a common injury on the ski slope. Although the effects of helmet use on concussion rate are inconclusive based on this study, helmet use did not increase the rate of neck injury, even when adjusted for age.
Natural Killer Cells Eradicate Galectin-1–Deficient Glioma in the Absence of Adaptive Immunity
Authors: Gregory J. Baker, Peter Chockley, Viveka Nand Yadav, Robert Doherty, Michael Ritt, Sivaraj Sivaramakrishnan, Maria G. Castro, Pedro R. Lowenstein
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Natural killer (NK) cells safeguard against early tumor formation by destroying transformed target cells in a process referred to as NK immune surveillance. However, the immune escape mechanisms used by malignant brain tumors to subvert this innate type of immune surveillance remain unclear. Here we show that malignant glioma cells suppress NK immune surveillance by overexpressing the β-galactoside–binding lectin galectin-1. Conversely, galectin-1–deficient glioma cells could be eradicated by host NK cells before the initiation of an antitumor T-cell response. In vitro experiments demonstrated that galectin-1–deficient GL26-Cit glioma cells are ∼3-fold more sensitive to NK-mediated tumor lysis than galectin-1–expressing cells. Our findings suggest that galectin-1 suppression in human glioma could improve patient survival by restoring NK immune surveillance that can eradicate glioma cells. Cancer Res; 74(18); 5079–90. ©2014 AACR.
Does the use of the dynamic system approach really help fill in the gap between human and nonhuman primate language?
Authors: Jacques Vauclair
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2002)

The highly recommended transposition of the dynamic system approach for tackling the question of apes' linguistic abilities has clearly not led to a demonstration that these primates have acquired language. Fundamental differences related to functional modalities – namely, use of the declarative and the form of engagement between mother and infant – can be observed in the way humans and apes use their communicatory systems.
Expression of A-, B-, and C-type natriuretic peptide genes in failing and developing human ventricles. Correlation with expression of the Ca(2+)-ATPase gene.
Authors: T Takahashi, P D Allen, S Izumo
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) are novel natriuretic peptides, originally isolated from porcine brain. Similar to atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), BNP is also synthesized in and secreted from cardiocytes, but CNP is not expressed at significant levels in normal adult myocardium. Previous studies have indicated that the serum level and ventricular expression of the ANP gene were augmented in patients with heart failure. Recently, the serum level of BNP was also reported to increase in human heart failure. To examine whether or not the expression of these natriuretic peptides is regulated in ventricular myocardium in a concordant manner, we performed Northern blot analysis using total cellular RNA isolated from the diseased left ventricles of 30 cardiac transplant recipients with end-stage heart failure, seven ventricles from organ donors (control group), and two ventricles of artificially aborted 17- and 19-week-old fetuses. The levels of mRNAs encoding both BNP and ANP increased significantly (p less than 0.01) in the left ventricular myocardium from the patients with end-stage heart failure as compared with the control group. The levels of BNP mRNA correlated positively with those of ANP mRNA (r = 0.73, p less than 0.01) and negatively with those of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase mRNA (r = -0.66, p less than 0.01) in the left ventricular myocardium from the patients with heart failure. There was also a negative correlation between the levels of ANP and the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase mRNAs (r = -0.65, p less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Positron emission tomography in giant cell arteritis: a new diagnostic tool?
Authors: P I Novikov, A D Meshkov, S V Moiseev
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

In a prospective case–control study recently published in the Annals of Rheumatic Diseases , Prieto-Gonzalez et al 1 have shown a high sensitivity and specificity of positron emission tomography (PET)/CT with 18fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) in 32 patients with newly diagnosed, biopsy-proven giant cell arteritis (GCA). Using receiver–operator characteristic curves (ROC) analysis, the authors determined cut-off maximal standardised uptake values (SUVm) to detect vascular inflammation by PET/CT. The sensitivity and specificity of PET/CT obtained in this study was close to that calculated in a recent meta-analysis of mostly retrospective studies.2

We used PET with FDG for diagnosis and assessment of …
Randomized Phase III Trial of ABVD Versus Stanford V With or Without Radiation Therapy in Locally Extensive and Advanced-Stage Hodgkin Lymphoma: An Intergroup Study Coordinated by the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (E2496)
Authors: Leo I. Gordon, Fangxin Hong, Richard I. Fisher, Nancy L. Bartlett, Joseph M. Connors, Randy D. Gascoyne, Henry Wagner, Patrick J. Stiff, Bruce D. Cheson, Mary Gospodarowicz, Ranjana Advani, Brad S. Kahl, Jonathan W. Friedberg, Kristie A. Blum, Thomas M. Habermann, Joseph M. Tuscano, Richard T. Hoppe, Sandra J. Horning
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

Purpose Although ABVD (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine) has been established as the standard of care in patients with advanced Hodgkin lymphoma, newer regimens have been investigated, which have appeared superior in early phase II studies. Our aim was to determine if failure-free survival was superior in patients treated with the Stanford V regimen compared with ABVD. Patients and Methods The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group, along with the Cancer and Leukemia Group B, the Southwest Oncology Group, and the Canadian NCIC Clinical Trials Group, conducted this randomized phase III trial in patients with advanced Hodgkin lymphoma. Stratification factors included extent of disease (localized v extensive) and International Prognostic Factors Project Score (0 to 2 v 3 to 7). The primary end point was failure-free survival (FFS), defined as the time from random assignment to progression, relapse, or death, whichever occurred first. Overall survival, a secondary end point, was measured from random assignment to death as a result of any cause. This design provided 87% power to detect a 33% reduction in FFS hazard rate, or a difference in 5-year FFS of 64% versus 74% at two-sided .05 significance level. Results There was no significant difference in the overall response rate between the two arms, with complete remission and clinical complete remission rates of 73% for ABVD and 69% for Stanford V. At a median follow-up of 6.4 years, there was no difference in FFS: 74% for ABVD and 71% for Stanford V at 5 years (P = .32). Conclusion ABVD remains the standard of care for patients with advanced Hodgkin lymphoma.
Are Inhaled Glucocorticosteroids Effective in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease?
Authors: DIRKJE S. POSTMA, HUIB A. M. KERSTJENS
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1999)

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