tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PWE-284 Signet ring colorectal carcinoma (SRCC): do we need to improve the treatment algorithm?
Authors: AS Tamhankar, P Ingle, A Saklani
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> SRCC is an aggressive variant affecting younger population and has poorer prognosis. The literature explaining the biology as well as the optimum treatment algorithm of this particular variant is scarce due to its low incidence. Here, we present our experience about this peculiar variant from a tertiary cancer centre from India (Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai). <h3>Method</h3> It’s a retrospective study (2011–2014) of all patients diagnosed with SRCC with department of gastro-intestinal oncology. SRCC was defined as per WHO criteria (adenocarcinoma with more than 50% of signet-ring cells). Peritoneal metastases or recurrences constituted peritoneal deposits, malignant ascites, omental deposits, ovarian deposits. SPSS-20 was used for statistical calculation. <h3>Results</h3> 170 consecutive patients with SRCC were diagnosed. It constituted 11.4% of all colorectal cases (170/1487). Median Age of the cohort was 41 years. Male to female ratio was 1.8:1. Most common location was recto-sigmoid area (Rectum: 41.2% and Sigmoid: 13.5%). Majority patients presented in stage III (51.8%) and stage IV (39.4%). Most of the stage IV patients had isolated peritoneal metastases (58/67, 86.5%). Colonic tumours, as compared to rectal tumours had higher incidence of peritoneal metastases (83.3% v/s 91.4%, p = 0.074) as well as isolated peritoneal recurrences (20.5% v/s 37.5%, p = 0.062). Most patients had high nodal burden (pN2: 57.9%). Curative therapy was feasible only in 56.47% (79/170) patients. 36.7% patients recurred after curative surgery. Amongst them 65.5% patients had isolated peritoneal recurrences. Amongst rectal cases, pathological complete response after NACTRT was seen in 21.6% (8/37) patients. Circumferential resection margin (CRM) was involved in 17.9% (7/39) patients. Median follow up was 17.4 months. Median relapse free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) of the cohort were 14.9 and 18.13 months respectively. OS of peritoneal and non-peritoneal metastases were equivalent (16 v/s 13months; p = 0.729). CRM involvement was associated with poorer RFS (15 months v/s 37.2 months; p = 0.060) and OS (19.9 months v/s 41.5 months; p = 0.018). Colonic primaries were associated with poorer OS than rectal tumours after curative resection (32.298 months v/s 40.089 months, p = 0.058) and RFS (24.74 months v/s 34.02 months; p = 0.048). <h3>Conclusion</h3> SRCC affects young patients and has predilection for peritoneal dissemination. More aggressive and/or extended chemotherapy schedules as well as prophylactic HIPEC at the time of primary surgery, especially for colonic tumours, should be attempted in a randomised control trial setting in order to improve dismal survival in these patients. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Parkinson Disease Risk in Patients With Rosacea
Authors: Thomas S. Wingo
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Panels in Therapy: V. The Use of Cobalt and Cobalt-Iron Preparations in the Therapy of Anemia
Authors: LAWRENCE BERMAN, GEORGE E. CARTWRIGHT, C. LOCKARD CONLEY, WILLIAM H. CROSBY, CLEMENT A. FINCH, ROBERT W. HEINLE, LEON O. JACOBSON, JOHN S. LAWRENCE, CARL V. MOORE, JOSEPH F. ROSS, WAYNE RUNDLES, WALLACE JENSEN, L. M. TOCANTINS, RICHARD W. VILTER, M. M. WINTROBE, LAWRENCE E. YOUNG, W. W. ZUELZER
Journal: Blood (1955)
Genomic, Lipidomic and Metabolomic Analysis of Cyclooxygenase-null Cells: Eicosanoid Storm, Cross Talk, and Compensation by COX-1
Authors: Abul B.M.M.K. Islam, Mandar Dave, Sonia Amin, Roderick V. Jensen, Ashok R. Amin
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2016)

The constitutively-expressed cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-1) and the inducible COX-2 are both involved in the conversion of arachidonic acid (AA) to prostaglandins (PGs). However, the functional roles of COX-1 at the cellular level remain unclear. We hypothesized that by comparing differential gene expression and eicosanoid metabolism in lung fibroblasts from wild-type (WT) mice and COX-2(-/-) or COX-1(-/-) mice may help address the functional roles of COX-1 in inflammation and other cellular functions. Compared to WT, the number of specifically-induced transcripts were altered descendingly as follows: COX-2(-/-)>COX-1(-/-)>WT+IL-1β. COX-1(-/-) or COX-2(-/-) cells shared about 50% of the induced transcripts with WT cells treated with IL-1β, respectively. An interactive "anti-inflammatory, proinflammatory, and redox-activated" signature in the protein-protein interactome map was observed in COX-2(-/-) cells. The augmented COX-1 mRNA (in COX-2(-/-) cells) was associated with the upregulation of mRNAs for glutathione S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), NAD(P)H dehydrogenase quinone 1 (NQO1), aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), peroxiredoxin, phospholipase, prostacyclin synthase, and prostaglandin E synthase, resulting in a significant increase in the levels of PGE2, PGD2, leukotriene B4 (LTB4), PGF1α, thromboxane B2 (TXB2), and PGF2α. The COX-1 plays a dominant role in shifting AA toward the LTB4 pathway and anti-inflammatory activities. Compared to WT, the upregulated COX-1 mRNA in COX-2(-/-) cells generated an "eicosanoid storm". The genomic characteristics of COX-2(-/-) is similar to that of proinflammatory cells as observed in IL-1β induced WT cells. COX-1(-/-) and COX-2(-/-) cells exhibited compensation of various eicosanoids at the genomic and metabolic levels.
Tumorigenic Effect of an Organomanganese Compound on F344 Rats and Swiss Albino Mice: Brief Communication2
Authors: Arthur Furst
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1978)

Journal Article Tumorigenic Effect of an Organomanganese Compound on F344 Rats and Swiss Albino Mice: Brief Communication Get access Arthur Furst Arthur Furst Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 60, Issue 5, May 1978, Pages 1171–1173, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/60.5.1171 Published: 01 May 1978 Article history Received: 03 February 1977 Accepted: 26 October 1977 Published: 01 May 1978
Impact of Socioeconomic Status, Ethnicity, and Urbanization on Risk Factor Profiles of Cardiovascular Disease in Africa
Authors: Karen Sliwa, Letitia Acquah, Bernard J. Gersh, Ana Olga Mocumbi
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Africa is a continent characterized by marked ethnic, sociodemographic, and economic diversity, with profound changes in many regions over the past 2 decades. This diversity has an impact on cardiovascular disease presentation and outcomes. Within Africa and within the individual countries, one can find regions having predominantly communicable diseases such as rheumatic heart disease, tuberculous pericarditis, or cardiomyopathy and others having a marked increase in noncommunicable disease such as hypertension and hypertensive heart disease. Ischemic heart disease remains rare in most countries. Difficulties in the planning and implementation of effective health care in most African countries are compounded by a paucity of studies and a low rate of investment in research and data acquisition. The fiduciary responsibilities of companies working in Africa should include the effective and efficient use of natural resources to promote the overall health of populations.
Role of the endothelium-dependent relaxing factor nitric oxide on renal function.
Authors: J C Romero, V Lahera, M G Salom, M L Biondi
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1992)

The role of nitric oxide in renal function has been assessed with pharmacologic and physiologic interventions. Pharmacologically, the renal vasodilation and, to some extent, the natriuresis produced by endothelium-dependent vasodilators such as acetylcholine and bradykinin are mediated by nitric oxide and also by prostaglandins. However, prostaglandins and nitric oxide do not participate in the renal effects produced by endothelium-independent vasodilators such as atrial natriuretic peptide, prostaglandin I2, and nitroprusside. Physiologically, nitric oxide and prostaglandins exert a strong regulation on the effects produced by changes in renal perfusion pressure. Increments in renal perfusion pressure within the range of RBF autoregulation appear to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis while simultaneously enhancing the formation of nitric oxide. Nitric oxide modulates autoregulatory vasoconstriction and at the same time inhibits renin release. Conversely, a decrease of renal perfusion pressure to the limit of or below RBF autoregulation may inhibit the synthesis of nitric oxide but may trigger the release of prostaglandins, whose vasodilator action ameliorates the fall in RBF and stimulates renin release. Nitric oxide and prostaglandins are also largely responsible for mediating pressure-induced natriuresis. However, unlike prostaglandins, mild impairment of the synthesis of nitric oxide in systemic circulation produces a sustained decrease in sodium excretion, which renders blood pressure susceptible to be increased during high-sodium intake. This effect suggests that a deficiency in the synthesis of nitric oxide could constitute the most effective single disturbance to foster the development of a syndrome similar to that seen in salt-sensitive hypertension.
Abstract 855: History of oral contraceptive use in breast cancer patients and risk for early breast cancer events
Authors: Louise Huzell, Mia Persson, Maria Simonsson, Andrea Markkula, Christian Ingvar, Carsten Rose, Helena C. Jernström
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Whether previous oral contraceptive (OC) use impacts on prognosis women who subsequently develops breast cancer is unclear. The aim was to study history of OC use in relation to breast cancer events in a prospective population-based cohort. Between 2002 and 2011, primary breast cancer patients without preoperative treatment were enrolled in Lund, Sweden and followed until December 2012. Tumor characteristics, clinical data, and date of death were obtained from pathology reports, patient charts, and population registries. History of OC use was obtained from preoperative questionnaires. Among the 948 patients with invasive cancer and no metastasis detected on the postoperative screen, 74% had ever used OCs. Patients were followed for up to nine years and 100 breast cancer events were recorded. Ever OC users had significantly smaller tumors than patients who never used OCs (Ptrend = 0.013). However, there was a significantly higher frequency of grade III tumors in patients with OCs use before age 20 (Ptrend = 0.013), compared to patients with later start or never use. Ever OC use was not associated with prognosis, irrespective of duration. However, any OC use before age 20 was associated with a 3-fold increased risk for breast cancer events in patients younger than 50 years at diagnosis (adjusted HR 3.26: 95% CI 1.06-10.01) adjusted for age, tumor size, axillary lymph node involvement, histological grade, estrogen receptor status, and body mass index, but not in patients 50 years or older at diagnosis (Pinteraction = 0.009). In conclusion, these findings warrant confirmation in an independent cohort. If confirmed, history of OC use may yield prognostic information in addition to currently used criteria. Citation Format: Louise Huzell, Mia Persson, Maria Simonsson, Andrea Markkula, Christian Ingvar, Carsten Rose, Helena C. Jernström. History of oral contraceptive use in breast cancer patients and risk for early breast cancer events. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 855. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-855
Retracted: Immunoglobulin G4+ B‐cell receptor clones distinguish immunoglobulin G 4‐related disease from primary sclerosing cholangitis and biliary/pancreatic malignancies
Authors: Marieke E. Doorenspleet, Lowiek M. Hubers, Emma L. Culver, Lucas J. Maillette de Buy Wenniger, Paul L. Klarenbeek, Roger W. Chapman, Frank Baas, Stan F. van de Graaf, Joanne Verheij, Thomas M. van Gulik, Eleanor Barnes, Ulrich Beuers, Niek de Vries
Journal: Hepatology (2016)

Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related disease (IgG4-RD) of the biliary tree and pancreas is difficult to distinguish from sclerosing cholangitis and biliary/pancreatic malignancies (CA). An accurate noninvasive test for diagnosis and monitoring of disease activity is lacking. We demonstrate that dominant IgG4(+) B-cell receptor (BCR) clones determined by next-generation sequencing accurately distinguish patients with IgG4-associated cholangitis/autoimmune pancreatitis (n = 34) from those with primary sclerosing cholangitis (n = 17) and CA (n = 17). A novel, more affordable, and widely applicable quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) protocol analyzing the IgG4/IgG RNA ratio in blood also achieves excellent diagnostic accuracy (n = 125). Moreover, this qPCR test performed better than serum IgG4 levels in sensitivity (94% vs. 86%) and specificity (99% vs. 73%) and correlates with treatment response (n = 20).IgG4(+) BCR clones and IgG4/IgG RNA ratio markedly improve delineation, early diagnosis, and monitoring of IgG4-RD of the biliary tree and pancreas. (Hepatology 2016;64:501-507).
Long non-coding RNAs as novel targets for therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Mansi A. Parasramka, Sayantan Maji, Akiko Matsuda, Irene K. Yan, Tushar Patel
Journal: Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2016)

The recognition of functional roles for transcribed long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) has provided a new dimension to our understanding of cellular physiology and disease pathogenesis. LncRNAs are a large group of structurally complex RNA genes that can interact with DNA, RNA, or protein molecules to modulate gene expression and to exert cellular effects through diverse mechanisms. The emerging knowledge regarding their functional roles and their aberrant expression in disease states emphasizes the potential for lncRNA to serve as targets for therapeutic intervention. In this concise review, we outline the mechanisms of action of lncRNAs, their functional cellular roles, and their involvement in disease. Using liver cancer as an example, we provide an overview of the emerging opportunities and potential approaches to target lncRNA-dependent mechanisms for therapeutic purposes.
Association of Cervical Cancer With Circumcision of Sexual Partner&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Dunn, John E., Buell, Philip
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1959)

Journal Article Association of Cervical Cancer With Circumcision of Sexual Partner Get access John E. Dunn, Jr., John E. Dunn, Jr. Field Investigations and Demonstrations Branch, National Cancer Institute,4Bethesda, Maryland, and California State Department of Public Health, Bureau of Chronic Diseases, Berkeley, California Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Philip Buell Philip Buell Field Investigations and Demonstrations Branch, National Cancer Institute,4Bethesda, Maryland, and California State Department of Public Health, Bureau of Chronic Diseases, Berkeley, California Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 22, Issue 4, April 1959, Pages 749–764, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/22.4.749 Published: 01 April 1959 Article history Received: 07 November 1958 Published: 01 April 1959
What is the role of 3 T MRI in sports medicine? Revisiting the marriage after the honeymoon
Authors: Frank W Roemer, Ali Guermazi
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2015)

The first 3 T MRI systems were introduced to clinical practice over a decade ago, and access to these systems has become increasingly available worldwide. Although they were first used for neurological imaging, several studies have demonstrated the abilities and potential advantages of 3 T systems over conventional 1.5 T systems for musculoskeletal disorders, including for their use in sports medicine.1 ,2 The introduction of 3 T MRI generated great expectations in the field, with hope for marked improvement in the diagnosis of musculoskeletal disorders.3

Tesla units are used to quantify the strength of a magnet field. In comparison to 1.5 T systems, 3 T MRI is characterised by increased MR signal with relatively less increase in background noise—thus having a higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).3 This advantage can be used to either decrease scanning time or improve spatial resolution. The increase in scan speed means increased patient comfort and throughput; increased resolution, especially in combination with surface coils, may prove advantageous for the visualisation of small structures such as the ligaments of the wrist or ankle.4

While several studies have shown similar or slightly increased diagnostic performance when using 3 T systems over 1.5 T in joint imaging using arthroscopy as a gold standard,1 ,5 ,6 there are no studies using the clinical gold standard of “How often has 3 T changed my treatment decision compared to 1.5 T MRI?” (figure 1).



Figure 1 
Direct …
A Multicenter, Phase IV Observational Study Of Ofatumumab In Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL): A European Research Initiative On CLL (ERIC) Study
Authors: Carol Moreno, Marco Montillo, Panayiotidis Panayiotis, Adrian Bloor, Jehan Dupuis, Anna Schuh, Stefan Norin, Christian H Geisler, Peter Hillmen, Michael Doubek, Petra Obrtlikova, Luca Laurenti, Stephan Stilgenbauer, Lukas Smolej, Paolo Ghia, Florence Cymbalista, Ulrich Jaeger, Niki Stavroyianni, Patrick Carrington, Hamadi Zouabi, Veronique Leblond, Juan Carlos Gomez, Roberto Marasca, Gerardo Musuraca, Luigi Rigacci, Lucia Farina, Rossella Paolini, Sarka Pospisilova, Eva Kimby, Colm Bradley, Emili Montserrat
Journal: Blood (2013)
C-reactive protein as a biomarker to predict outcomes after liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma.
Authors: H. J. An, J. W. Jang, M. A. Lee, S. H. Bae, J. Y. Choi, S. K. Yoon, Y. K. You, D. G. Kim, E. K. Jeon, K. W. Park, S. H. Chun
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

4086 Background: Liver transplantation is a curative modality for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) especially in patients under the Milan criteria. However, there is still risks of recurrence up to 20-30%. C-reactive protein (CRP), an acute-phase inflammatory reactant that is synthesized by hepatocyte, has been related to prognosis in various malignancies, including HCC. In this study, we investigated the role of high CRP level in predicting post-transplant outcomes of HCC. Methods: From August 2000 to July 2010, 161 patients received liver transplantation for HCCs in our institution. Among them, 85 patients available for pre-transplantation serum CRP levels were analyzed. CT/MRI of abdomen/chest, bone scan and serum AFP levels were checked at three-month intervals after transplantation. Using 2 mg/dL as cut-off of CRP, the impact of high-level CRP (≥2 mg/dL) on outcomes was evaluated. Results: The follow up period was 20.4 months. Among 85 patients, 16 showed high CRP levels and 69 showed low CRP levels at the time of transplantation. Total bilirubin, Child-Pugh grade, MELD score, maximal tumor size were significantly higher in the high CRP group. High CRP level, large tumor size, poor histologic grade, presence of vascular invasion and intrahepatic metastasis were associated with poor outcomes. In the multivariate analyses, HCC over Milan criteria (p=0.029) and high CRP level (p=0.016) were related to tumor recurrence, while high CRP level (p=0.003) and presence of intrahepatic metastasis (p=0.032) were related to poor overall survival. After stratification by the Milan criteria, the presence of intrahepatic metastasis and vascular invasion were independent prognostic factors for recurrence and poor survival in patients under the Milan criteria. But, high CRP level (p=0.037 for recurrence, p=0.023 for survival) was the only independent factor to predict poor outcomes in patients over the Milan criteria. Conclusions: Along with tumor characteristics based on radiologic or pathologic findings, our findings suggest that CRP would be considered as a useful and cost-effective biomarker to predict outcomes after transplantation of HCC, particularly in patients over the Milan criteria.
Reconsenting patients with cancer on clinical trials: Does added risk influence continued participation?
Authors: A. Elegbede, A. Andrei, A. Andrei, K. D. Holen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e15610 Background: The general policy endorsed by multiple professional societies and cooperative groups regarding patients on cancer clinical trials states that subjects should be informed of new adverse events or significant developments during study participation and re-consented to continue on study. However, no information is known as to the effect of re-consenting on a patients’ decision to continue study participation. Our research question addresses how the severity of reported risk to other study participants will impact the subjects’ decision to continue participation in a clinical trial. Methods: We surveyed 34 patients with gastrointestinal (GI) tumors all of whom were currently enrolled in a clinical trial. The survey portrayed hypothetical adverse reactions affecting another study participant ranging from Grade 1 to Grade 5 according to the National Cancer Institutes Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Effects v. 3.0. The survey asked about subjects’ opinions of the theoretical adverse event categorized as “would not be concerned,” “would be concerned, but would continue the study,” and “would discontinue the study.” Results: Patients willingness to continue the study was highest at Grade 1 with 97% of all participants. However, willingness to continue participation progressively declined as the severity of adverse events increased such that only 44% of participants would continue participation with a reported Grade 5 adverse event. Conclusions: Among surveyed GI cancer patients, willingness to continue participation in a clinical trial declined significantly as the severity of adverse events increased from Grade 1 to Grade 3 - 5 (p-value &lt; 0.001. This could be due to multiple factors, including the terminal nature of the patients’ cancer, the side effects of study therapy and the patients’ response to study treatment. This data could produce a reasonable adverse event grade cut-off for re-consenting patients regarding new side effects. No significant financial relationships to disclose.