tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Radiofrequency catheter ablation of Mahaim fibers at the tricuspid annulus.
Authors: L S Klein, F K Hackett, D P Zipes, W M Miles
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to test the feasibility of radiofrequency catheter ablation of Mahaim fibers at the tricuspid annulus. METHODS AND RESULTS Four patients who fulfilled criteria for having Mahaim fibers and preexcited reciprocating tachycardia underwent radiofrequency catheter ablation. Three patients had atriofascicular connections, and one patient had an atrioventricular connection. The mean age was 27 years (age range, 11-48 years). All patients had highly symptomatic tachycardias, producing syncope in one patient and presyncope in the remaining three patients. Symptoms were present for a mean of 13 years (range, 4-23 years). All pathways conducted only anterogradely, and preexcitation resulted in a left bundle branch block QRS morphology. Adenosine caused block in the accessory pathway in the three patients in whom it was tested. The stimulus to delta interval increased by 75 msec (range, 35-90 msec) during rapid atrial pacing. The atrial insertion of the Mahaim fiber was in the right lateral atrium in one patient, right posterolateral atrium in two patients, and right posterior atrium in one patient. The ventricular insertion was in the distal right bundle branch in three patients and in the posterolateral right ventricle near the tricuspid annulus in the patient with an atrioventricular connection. Stimulus to delta wave mapping was used to help localize the atrial insertion of the atriofascicular connections. A mean of 15 radiofrequency pulses (range, 10-19 pulses) delivered to the tricuspid annulus in the posterior to lateral regions eliminated accessory pathway conduction in all patients. No complications occurred. Tachycardia did not recur during a mean follow-up of 8 months (range, 2-15 months). CONCLUSIONS Radiofrequency current applied to the tricuspid annulus can safely eliminate tachycardia in patients with Mahaim fibers.
Targeting of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases and Phosphatidylinositol 3 Kinase Inhibits Hepatocyte Growth Factor/Scatter Factor–Induced Angiogenesis
Authors: Shiladitya Sengupta, Lynda A. Sellers, Rung-Chi Li, Ermanno Gherardi, Ganlin Zhao, Nicki Watson, Ram Sasisekharan, Tai-Ping D. Fan
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF) can sufficiently and independently induce pathophysiological angiogenesis. However, the treatment strategies have mostly been unsuccessful. The present study is the first to evaluate the possible targeting of downstream signals for the inhibition of HGF/SF-induced angiogenesis.In a multichannel scratch assay with human endothelial cells (ECs), HGF/SF induced a strong and prolonged activation of MAPK and cell proliferation that was inhibited by PD98059 and LY294002/wortmannin, selective inhibitors of MAPK and PI3K signaling modules, respectively. Western blotting demonstrated a temporal relation between the activation of the two pathways. Chemical inhibition of the PI3K and MAPK signals inhibited HGF/SF-induced chemoinvasion of ECs in vitro and blocked the HGF/SF-induced neovascularization into a polymer scaffold in vivo, as quantified by vessel counts and the clearance of radioactive 133Xe.These data indicate that MEK and PI3K inhibitors represent a promising approach to the clinical management of pathological conditions characterized by overt HGF/SF-induced angiogenesis.
Prevention of Atherosclerosis in Sub-Human Primates by Chondroitin Sulfate A
Authors: LESTER M. MORRISON, KATSUMI MURATA, J. Joseph QUILLIGAN, O. Arne SCHJEIDE, LEON FREEMAN
Journal: Circulation Research (1966)

Sixty-five squirrel monkeys ( Saimiri sciurea ) were studied for a year. During the last 9 months, spontaneously occurring atherosclerosis was accelerated by feeding a diet containing cholesterol and butter. Of six separate groups of animals, three groups were examined for the effects of acid mucopolysaccharides on the process of atherosclerosis. Monkeys treated with parenteral chondroitin sulfate A and fed the cholesterol-butter diet showed statistically significant reductions of serum total lipid levels and aorta lipid levels when compared to control groups on the cholesterol-butter diets. Macroscopic comparison of aortic atherosclerosis showed chondroitin sulfate A-treated animals to have the least atherosclerotic involvement. The acid mucopolysaccharide chondroitin sulfate A may be an effective preventive agent in the treatment of experimentally induced atherosclerosis.
Comparison of ABVD and Alternating or Hybrid Multidrug Regimens for the Treatment of Advanced Hodgkin's Lymphoma: Results of the United Kingdom Lymphoma Group LY09 Trial (ISRCTN97144519)
Authors: Peter W.M. Johnson, John A. Radford, Michael H. Cullen, Matthew R. Sydes, Jan Walewski, Andrew S. Jack, Kenneth A. MacLennan, Sally P. Stenning, Simon Clawson, Paul Smith, David Ryder, Barry W. Hancock
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

To perform an open-label, randomized, controlled trial comparing treatment with doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD) with two multidrug regimens (MDRs) for advanced Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL).Eight hundred seven patients with advanced HL (stage III to IV, or earlier stage with systemic symptoms or bulky disease) were randomly assigned between ABVD and MDR specified before randomization as alternating chlorambucil, vinblastine, procarbazine, and prednisolone (ChlVPP) with prednisolone, doxorubicin, bleomycin, vincristine, and etoposide (PABIOE), or hybrid ChlVPP/etoposide, vincristine, and doxorubicin (EVA). Radiotherapy was planned for incomplete response or initial bulk disease.At 52 months median follow-up, 212 event-free survival (EFS) events (disease progression or any death) were reported. In the primary comparison, at 3 years EFS was 75% (95% CI, 71% to 79%) for ABVD and 75% (95% CI, 70% to 79%) for MDRs (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.05; 95% CI, 0.8 to 1.37; HR more than 1.0 favors ABVD). The 3-year overall survival (OS) rates were 90% (95% CI, 87% to 93%) in patients allocated ABVD and 88% (95% CI, 84% to 91%) in patients allocated MDRs (HR = 1.22; 95% CI, 0.84 to 1.77). Patients receiving MDRs experienced more grade 3/4 infection, mucositis, and neuropathy. One occurrence of myelodysplastic syndrome was reported, but no acute leukemia was reported. When the two MDRs are compared separately with ABVD, neither the alternating nor the hybrid regimen showed a statistically significant difference from ABVD for EFS or OS. Subgroup analysis suggested that MDRs may be associated with poorer outcomes in older patients (heterogeneity test of OS older or younger than 45 years, P = .020).There was no evidence of significant difference in EFS or OS between ABVD and MDRs in the trial overall or if the two MDR versus ABVD comparisons are considered separately. ABVD remains the standard for treatment of advanced HL.
Angiotensin II
Authors: Declan Lyons, John Webster, Nigel Benjamin
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background Angiotensin II (Ang II) facilitates adrenergic neurotransmission in normotensive and hypertensive subjects, whereas angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors have been shown to depress circulating catecholamine concentrations in some studies. We investigated the effect of local intra-arterial infusion of Ang II into the brachial artery of healthy volunteers during blockade of postsynaptic α-receptors with phentolamine. The response was compared with that seen with Ang II infused during nitroprusside administration at a dose designed to give a dilator response similar to that with phentolamine. Methods and Results Ang II (6.25, 25, and 100 pmol/min) was infused alone and then together with sodium nitroprusside (4 μg/min) and phentolamine (40 μg/min) in eight healthy volunteers. Forearm blood flow was measured by strain-gauge plethysmography. The percentage reduction in forearm blood flow produced by Ang II 100 pmol/min in the phentolamine-predilated vascular bed was significantly lower than that seen in the sodium nitroprusside–predilated forearm bed (28.1±2.9% versus 52.9±4.2%; P =.006). Comparison of the rate of change of blood flow in response to quadrupling doses of Ang II during blockade of α-receptors with phentolamine and during nitroprusside administration was calculated from the mean slope of the regression line of log-transformed blood flow versus dose of Ang II. The mean slope during nitroprusside administration (−0.16±0.025) was significantly greater than that during blockade with phentolamine (−0.098±0.020) ( P =.046). Conclusions We conclude that a significant part of the vasoconstrictive action of exogenous Ang II on forearm resistance vessels in humans is sympathetically mediated.
Development of a humanized monoclonal antibody with therapeutic potential against West Nile virus
Authors: Theodore Oliphant, Michael Engle, Grant E Nybakken, Chris Doane, Syd Johnson, Ling Huang, Sergey Gorlatov, Erin Mehlhop, Anantha Marri, Kyung Min Chung, Gregory D Ebel, Laura D Kramer, Daved H Fremont, Michael S Diamond
Journal: Nature Medicine (2005)
Coiled perimysial fibers of papillary muscle in rat heart: morphology, distribution, and changes in configuration.
Authors: T F Robinson, M A Geraci, E H Sonnenblick, S M Factor
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

The morphology, distribution, and configuration of coiled perimysial fibers of rat heart papillary muscle were studied. Methods included bright-field light microscopy of silver-stained sections, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and differential interference contrast light microscopy of unfixed and unstained specimens. Coiled fibers, elliptical in cross section, are arranged in a branched network that diverges from the muscle-tendon junction and is continuous throughout the length of the muscle and into the ventricle wall. Most fibers range in diameter from less than 1 micron to 10 micron and are parallel with the long axis of the muscle, although branching is common and oblique orientations are seen. Several myocytes are associated with each coiled perimysial fiber. Constituent fibrils (diameter, 40-50 nm) occur in bundles twisted within the fiber. Small satellite elastic fibers are parallel to the collagen fiber axes. Stereo analysis of the coiled perimysial fibers reveals helical configurations, as opposed to planar waviness, that become less convoluted or even straighten as the resting muscle is stretched. Calculations based on cross-sectional areas of fibers, changes in fiber configurations, and tensile moduli reported for collagen fibers of other tissues show that the potential tensile strength of the network of coiled perimysial fibers is sufficient to contribute significantly to the mechanical properties of papillary muscle. Detailed evaluations of possible roles of the coiled perimysial collagen fiber system as a function of passive stretch and contraction in ventricular wall, as well as in papillary muscle, warrant further study.
SAMHD1 restricts HIV-1 infection in resting CD4+ T cells
Authors: Hanna-Mari Baldauf, Xiaoyu Pan, Elina Erikson, Sarah Schmidt, Waaqo Daddacha, Manja Burggraf, Kristina Schenkova, Ina Ambiel, Guido Wabnitz, Thomas Gramberg, Sylvia Panitz, Egbert Flory, Nathaniel R Landau, Serkan Sertel, Frank Rutsch, Felix Lasitschka, Baek Kim, Renate König, Oliver T Fackler, Oliver T Keppler
Journal: Nature Medicine (2012)
Study of Human Rectal Epithelial Cells &lt;italic&gt;In Vitro&lt;/italic&gt;. III. RNA, Protein, and DNA Synthesis in Polyps and Adjacent Mucosa&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Eleanor E. Deschner, Martin Lipkin
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1970)

The incorporation of tritiated thymidine, uridine, and leucine into normal colonic cells, cells of excrescences, and mucosa adjacent to excrescences was studied after incubation in vitro and microautoradiography. In normal mucosa, epithelial cells synthesizing DNA and proliferating in the lower two-thirds of colonic crypts incorporate more uridine and leucine than mature surface cells. In hyperplastic mucosa in excrescences, in some areas of mucosa adjacent to excrescences and occasionally in histologically normal mucosa in patients without excrescences, greater incorporation of uridine and leucine was observed in cells lining the luminal surfaces of the colonic crypts. Chase experiments, designed to follow newly formed and labeled RNA, demonstrated a shift of nuclear RNA to cytoplasm within 1–3 hours in normal cells. A more rapid nuclear-to-cytoplasmic RNA shift in hyperplastic cells and a slower shift in villous papilloma cells compared to normal cells suggested differences in the kinetics of rapidly labeled RNA in these lesions. These changes were accompanied by decreases in acid and alkaline phosphatases.
Targeted Deletion of a High-Affinity GATA-binding Site in the GATA-1 Promoter Leads to Selective Loss of the Eosinophil Lineage In Vivo
Authors: Channing Yu, Alan B. Cantor, Haidi Yang, Carol Browne, Richard A. Wells, Yuko Fujiwara, Stuart H. Orkin
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2002)

Transcription factor GATA-1 reprograms immature myeloid cells to three different hematopoietic lineages-erythroid cells, megakaryocytes, and eosinophils. GATA-1 is essential for maturation of erythroid and megakaryocytic precursors, as revealed by gene targeting in mice. Here we demonstrate that deletion of a high-affinity GATA-binding site in the GATA-1 promoter, an element presumed to mediate positive autoregulation of GATA-1 expression, leads to selective loss of the eosinophil lineage. These findings suggest that GATA-1 is required for specification of this lineage during hematopoietic development. Mice lacking the ability to produce eosinophils should prove useful in ascertaining the role of eosinophils in a variety of inflammatory or allergic disorders.
IMMUNITY TO POLIOMYELITIS IN MOTHERS AND THE NEWBORN AS SHOWN BY THE NEUTRALIZATION TEST
Authors: W. Lloyd Aycock, S. D. Kramer
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1930)

Neutralization tests for the virus of poliomyelitis on blood serum of urban mothers and their newborn infants showed that immunity was present in ten out of twelve (83 per cent) infants and in ten out of twelve (83 per cent) mothers, with a complete correspondence between mother and infant. These tests point to passive transmission of immunity from mother to infant. Previous tests on other children (1 to 5 years) indicate that immunity in infants is transitory. Previous observations concerning the extent of immunity in urban adults are confirmed and extended. The results of these tests are in accord with the age distribution of poliomyelitis and parallel corresponding observations in diphtheria.
Exhaled nitric oxide predicts control in patients with difficult-to-treat asthma
Authors: L. A. Pérez-de-Llano, F. Carballada, O. Castro Añón, M. Pizarro, R. Golpe, A. Baloira, M. Vázquez Caruncho, M. Boquete
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2009)

We aimed to evaluate the accuracy of baseline exhaled nitric oxide fraction ( F eNO ) to recognise individuals with difficult-to-treat asthma who have the potential to achieve control with a guideline-based stepwise strategy. 102 consecutive patients with suboptimal asthma control underwent stepwise increase in the treatment with maximal fluticasone/salmeterol combination dose for 1 month. Then, those who remained uncontrolled received oral corticosteroids for an additional month. With this approach, 53 patients (52%) gained control. Those who achieved control were more likely to have positive skin results (60.4% versus 34%; p = 0.01), positive bronchodilator test (57.1% versus 35.8%; p = 0.02) and peak expiratory flow variability ≥20% (71.1% versus 49.1%; p = 0.04). Conversely, depression was more frequent in those who remained uncontrolled (18.4 % versus 43.4 %; p = 0.01). An F eNO value ≥30 ppb demonstrated a sensitivity of 87.5% (95% CI 73.9–94.5%) and a specificity of 90.6% (95% CI 79.7–95.9%) for the identification of responsive asthmatics. The current results suggest that F eNO can identify patients with difficult-to-treat asthma and the potential to respond to high doses of inhaled corticosteroids or systemic steroids.
Using electronic/computer interventions to promote physical activity: Table 1
Authors: B H Marcus, J T Ciccolo, C N Sciamanna
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2008)

The internet has been used as a method to deliver various health interventions (eg, weight management, smoking cessation, increasing physical activity). An electronic search (ie, PubMed, PsycInfo, Web of Science) for internet-based physical activity interventions among adults yields fewer than 25 studies. Although many have considered physical activity as one element of a multifactorial behavioural intervention, few have focused exclusively on changing sedentary behaviour. Overall, current results are encouraging and it appears that response to an internet-based physical activity intervention is similar to response to other more established, effective interventions. Given that primary care referrals for physical activity are successful in changing sedentary behaviour to some extent, there is an urgent need for investigations into the effect of using an internet-based physical activity programme within the context of primary care. Although no studies that have combined an established internet-based physical activity programme with primary care were found, there is evidence that significant progress would probably be made by providing clinicians with information on internet-based physical activity programmes.
Abstract 1431: Upregulation of CXCR2 and its ligands in KRAS oncogene-induced initiation of pancreatic cancer.
Authors: Abhilasha Purohit, Michelle Varney, Satya Rachagani, Michelle Ouellete, Surinder K. Batra, Rakesh K. Singh
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Pancreatic cancer (PC) is considered the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. The high mortality-to-incidence ratio for the disease can be attributed to late clinical presentation. Thus, the detection of early markers of this disease remains a major challenge in the field of PC research. Somatic mutations in oncogene KRAS are the most common and earliest events during development of PC, suggesting their crucial role in tumor initiation; however, the precise functional molecular mechanism of action remains poorly understood. CXCR2, a CXC chemokine receptor, and its ligands have also been found to be important in regulating angiogenesis and metastasis. Their enhanced expression is observed as early as the precursor lesions of PC. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of CXCR2 signaling in the KRAS(G12D)-induced PC development. To validate that mutant KRAS(G12D) is essential for this increased secretome, studies were performed using two cell line models having both exogenous and endogenous expression of mutant KRAS(G12D): Htert-HPNE-E6-E7-st/KRAS(G12D), which is an immortalized pancreatic duct-derived cell line having exogenous expression of mutant KRAS (G12D), and CD18/HPAF KRAS (G12D) -scram/Sh, which is a tumor-derived cell line. The endogenous expression of mutant KRAS (G12D) was silenced by stable expression of Sh-RNA specific to the KRAS(G12D) allele. Real time PCR, ELISA and western blot analysis of these cells revealed that mutant KRAS (G12D) regulates the expression of CXCR2 and its ligands at both transcription and protein levels. We observed an enhanced expression of the CXCR2 and its ligands in Htert-HPNE-E6-E7-st-KRAS(G12D) cells. Interestingly, stable knock-down of KRAS in CD18/HPAF-shKRAS(G12D) cells upregulated CXCR2 expression, but inhibited the expression of its ligands. In addition, immunohistochemical analysis of PC lesions from Pdx-cre-LSL-KRAS (G12D) mice showed a higher expression of both receptor and its ligands as the lesions progress to advanced stages. Taken together, these results suggest that KRAS effector pathways are essential for modulating the expression of CXCR2 and its ligand, which, in turn, can mediate cellular- responses in PC growth and progression. Citation Format: Abhilasha Purohit, Michelle Varney, Satya Rachagani, Michelle Ouellete, Surinder K. Batra, Rakesh K. Singh. Upregulation of CXCR2 and its ligands in KRAS oncogene-induced initiation of pancreatic cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1431. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1431
Body site distribution of Bowen's disease
Authors: N. H. COX
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1994)

Several studies of Bowen's disease suggest that most lesions occur on the head and neck, a finding which does not concur with observations in clinical practice in the U.K. In order to test the hypothesis that this reported distribution is due to an increased tendency of physicians to submit lesions of Bowen's disease occurring at these sites for histopathological examination, in comparison with lesions at other body sites, 52 cases of Bowen's disease identified from out‐patient clinic diagnostic records were compared with 56 cases derived from pathology records. In both groups, the majority of lesions were on the lower leg; a greater number in the clinical cases group (45/52; 87%) than in the pathology cases (26/56; 46%). The lower leg lesions were almost exclusively in women (96% of lower leg lesions occurred in women in each group). The pathology group contained more men (29%) than the clinical group (12%), and also more upper limb lesions (23% compared with 8% in the clinical group). There was no evidence that these differences were due to incorrect clinical diagnosis, and the likely explanation is that lesions diagnosed as Bowen's disease in men, or at sites other than the lower leg, are more likely to be biopsied than clinically typical lesions on the female lower leg. This type of bias is likely to affect larger series in which only biopsied cases are included, and may explain the discrepancy between observations reported in previous publications and the situation in routine clinical practice.
Effects of fish oil on arteriosclerosis in the Japanese quail
Authors: J. I FANN, S. K ANGELL, P. D CAHILL, J. C KOSEK, D C. MILLER
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1989)

Journal Article Effects of fish oil on arteriosclerosis in the Japanese quail Get access JAMES I FANN, JAMES I FANN **From the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, California, USA Address for correspondence and reprints: D C Miller, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California 94305-5247, USA. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar SCOTT K ANGELL, SCOTT K ANGELL **From the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, California, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar PETER D CAHILL, PETER D CAHILL **From the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, California, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JON C KOSEK, JON C KOSEK †From the Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, California, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D CRAIG MILLER D CRAIG MILLER **From the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, California, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 23, Issue 7, July 1989, Pages 631–638, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/23.7.631 Published: 01 July 1989 Article history Accepted: 14 February 1989 Published: 01 July 1989
THE THERAPEUTIC USES OF NORMAL SERUMS
Authors: E. C. Hort
Journal: BMJ (1908)

TfHERAPEUTIC USES OF NORMAL SERUMS.[A-RIL I1, I908.arrived at from the clintcal data as to the relationahip of the pancreatic Teaction to disease of the pancreae.In one patient, a case of chlorosis with widespread thrombosis,