tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Osteoclastogenesis/Osteoblastogenesis on Nanotopographical Titania Surfaces
Authors: Robert K. Silverwood, Paul G. Fairhurst, Terje Sjöström, Findlay Welsh, Yuxin Sun, Gang Li, Bin Yu, Peter S. Young, Bo Su, Robert M. D. Meek, Matthew J. Dalby, Penelope M. Tsimbouri
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2016)

A focus of orthopedic research is to improve osteointegration and outcomes of joint replacement. Material surface topography has been shown to alter cell adhesion, proliferation, and growth. The use of nanotopographical features to promote cell adhesion and bone formation is hoped to improve osteointegration and clinical outcomes. Use of block‐copolymer self‐assembled nanopatterns allows nanopillars to form via templated anodization with control over height and order, which has been shown to be of cellular importance. This project assesses the outcome of a human bone marrow‐derived co‐culture of adherent osteoprogenitors and osteoclast progenitors on polished titania and titania patterned with 15 nm nanopillars, fabricated by a block‐copolymer templated anodization technique. Substrate implantation in rabbit femurs is performed to confirm the in vivo bone/implant integration. Quantitative and qualitative results demonstrate increased osteogenesis on the nanopillar substrate with scanning electron microscopy, histochemical staining, and real‐time quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis performed. Osteoblast/osteoclast co‐culture analysis shows an increase in osteoblastogenesis‐related gene expression and reduction in osteoclastogenesis. Supporting this in vitro finding, in vivo implantation of substrates in rabbit femora indicates increased implant/bone contact by ≈20%. These favorable osteogenic characteristics demonstrate the potential of 15 nm titania nanopillars fabricated by the block‐copolymer templated anodization technique.
Attitudes, experience, and factors associated with confidence regarding do-not-resuscitate practice.
Authors: J. Cho, S. Lee, J. Ahn, M. Han, J. Park, W. Lee
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e19597 Background: With increased number of advanced cancer patients, receiving do-not-resuscitate (DNR) permission became an important issue for oncology practice. This study aimed to explore attitudes, experience, factors associated with confidence regarding DNR practice among physicians. Methods: Cross-sectional, anonymous, online survey was conducted through a hospital's intranet system in a tertiary, large volume hospital in Seoul, Korea from October 29 to November 11, 2009. Following pre-notification letters, the survey was distributed to 1,243 physicians, and 559 (44.9%) of them (faculties 191, 34.0%; fellow 149, 26.6%; residents 149, 28.3%; interns 62,11.1%) completed the questionnaires. Results: There were 295 (52.5%) male physicians, the mean years of practice was 10.4 years, and only 13.4% (75) had education regarding DNR practice. Of total 326 (59.1%) had experienced DNR permission, the mean time of DNR practice was 18.7 minutes, and most frequently used places for DNR discussion were ward stations (27.4%, 154), counseling rooms (25.8%, 145), and corridors (22.3%, 125). Most of DNR permissions (95.4%, 309) were received from family members and only 3.7% (12) obtained it directly from patients. Physicians performed DNR practice with high confidence (average 8.7 out of 10 maximum). They also reported neglect attitude toward patients after DNR permission (average 3.4 out of 10 maximum). With univariate analysis, gender, status at the hospital, years of experience, previous DNR education were significantly associated with confidence regarding DNR practice, but only years of experience was significant in a multivariate model(p<0.05). Conclusions: The DNR practice was varied by physicians and years of experience was strongly associated with confidence regarding DNR practice. Systematic approach should be taken to discuss duration, place, and from whom physicians receive DNR. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Phase II multicenter sequential study of docetaxel (T) and epirubicin (E) followed by docetaxel (T) and capecitabine (X) as first-line treatment of advanced or metastatic breast cancer (MBC)
Authors: M. Ramos, J. Casal, A. Galán, C. Almanza, L. León, M. Amenedo, A. Gonzalez, G. Huidobro, V. Giner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

707 Background: In a phase I study, the combination of T, E and X was effective as first-line MBC treatment, with a RR of 71%. We conducted a prospective, multicenter, open-label study of a sequential alternating regimen of T-E and T-C to evaluate the toxicity profile and activity as first-line therapy for advanced or MBC. Methods: Patients with histologically or cytologically confirmed advanced or MBC, age ≥ 18 years, ECOG PS ≤ 2 and adequate bone marrow, renal, hepatic and cardiac functions, were included. Patients received 3 cycles of T 75 mg/m2 iv plus E 75 mg/m2 iv, every 3 weeks followed by 3 cycles of T 75 mg/m2 iv day 1, plus X 2500 mg/m2 once daily, from days 1–14, every 3 weeks. Results: Forty-five patients have been enrolled. Median age was 63 years (range 37–73). Baseline ECOG PS ≤ 1 in 98% of patients. Main metastatic sites were bone (49%), lung (42%), and lymph nodes (40%). Hormone receptor status was ER+ 71% and PR+ 42%. Previous treatment included surgery (93%), chemotherapy (76%), hormone therapy (71%), and radiotherapy (76%). The 45 patients received 127 cycles of T-E (median 3, range 1–3) and 37 patients received 109 cycles of T-X (median 3, range 1–3). Median RDIs were 98% for both T and E in T-E and 90% for both T and X in T-X. Two patients were not evaluated for efficacy (1 early death due to a septic shock, 1 lost of follow-up). Of the 43 evaluable patients, 1 achieved CR, 20 PR, 16 SD and 6 PD, resulting in an ORR of 49% (95% CI: 34–64%). All patients were evaluable for toxicity. Main G 3–4 toxicities per patient with T-E were neutropenia (27%), leucopenia (13%), thrombocytopenia (7%), anaemia (4%), asthenia (11%), mucositis (9%), and diarrhea (7%). Febrile neutropenia occurred in 7% of patients. For T-X, the main G 3–4 toxicities per patient were neutropenia (5%), leucopenia (5%), asthenia (11%), and mucositis (8%). At a median follow-up of 4.9 months, median TTP was 7.6 months (95% CI: 7.4–7.9) and median OS was 13.2 months (95% CI: 11.4–15.1). Conclusions: Results show that T-E followed sequentially by T-X is active and well tolerated as first-line treatment of advanced or MBC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A phase II trial of VNP40101M in patients with relapsed or refractory small cell lung cancer (SCLC) with or without brain metastases
Authors: T. Mekhail, S. Gettinger, G. Blumenschein, R. Axelrod, M. Haigentz, M. J. Guarino, A. L. Cahill, D. Spigel, F. A. Greco
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

7724 Background: Relapsed or refractory SCLC patients (pts) have a poor prognosis. Median survival at relapse is 2–3 months; brain metastases (mets) are common. Alkylating agents have demonstrated activity in SCLC. Cloretazine is a new alkylator that is active against selected alkylating agent resistant tumor cell lines. Xenograft models show distribution across the blood-brain barrier. This study investigates VNP40101M safety and activity in SCLC patients who have relapsed or are refractory to standard 1st line chemotherapy. Methods: Pts are entered in 2 groups based on response to prior chemotherapy: sensitive relapse (chemotherapy-free interval &gt;3 months); or resistant/refractory (chemotherapy-free interval ≤3 months). Eligibility criteria include: measurable or evaluable disease; life expectancy of ≥2 months; and ECOG PS of 0–2. Pts with brain mets are eligible. 31 pts received VNP40101M IV at a starting dose of 125 mg/m 2 /wk × 3, every 6 weeks. Due to a high incidence of grade 3–4 thrombocytopenia (34%), an amended protocol reduced the dose of VNP40101M to 100 mg/m 2 at the same schedule. 13 pts received the reduced dose. Pts are evaluated by RECIST criteria after each 6-week cycle. Results: 44 of 87 planned pts have been treated at 7 sites. Of 41 evaluable pts, 21 patients have sensitive relapse disease, and 20 have resistant/refractory disease. Median age is 64 years (44–86). Median number of cycles received is 1 (1–3). Grade 3–4 thrombocytopenia was seen in 11/31 pts at the 125 mg/m 2 dose and 3/13 pts at the 100 mg/m 2 dose. Gr 3–4 non-hematologic toxicity is rare, except for fatigue (10%) and GI effects (10%). The response rate (PR) is 6/21 (29%) in the sensitive relapse group, and 1/20 (5%) in the resistant/refractory group. 2/6 PRs, in the sensitive relapse group, occurred at the reduced dose level. 16 pts had brain mets at study entry. Of these, there were 3 PRs (2 with measurable regression of brain mets) and 3 stable diseases. Conclusions: The study is ongoing to confirm efficacy and safety. VNP40101M has activity against SCLC in the 2nd line setting including pts with brain metastases; further study is warranted. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A randomised trial of endoscopic submucosal dissection versus endoscopic mucosal resection for early Barrett’s neoplasia
Authors: Grischa Terheggen, Eva Maria Horn, Michael Vieth, Helmut Gabbert, Markus Enderle, Alexander Neugebauer, Brigitte Schumacher, Horst Neuhaus
Journal: Gut (2016)

<h3>Background</h3> For endoscopic resection of early GI neoplasia, endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) achieves higher rates of complete resection (R0) than endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). However, ESD is technically more difficult and evidence from randomised trial is missing. <h3>Objective</h3> We compared the efficacy and safety of ESD and EMR in patients with neoplastic Barrett9s oesophagus (BO). <h3>Design</h3> BO patients with a focal lesion of high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN) or early adenocarcinoma (EAC) ≤3 cm were randomised to either ESD or EMR. Primary outcome was R0 resection; secondary outcomes were complete remission from neoplasia, recurrences and adverse events (AEs). <h3>Results</h3> There were no significant differences in patient and lesion characteristics between the groups randomised to ESD (n=20) or EMR (n=20). Histology of the resected specimen showed HGIN or EAC in all but six cases. Although R0 resection defined as margins free of HGIN/EAC was achieved more frequently with ESD (10/17 vs 2/17, p=0.01), there was no difference in complete remission from neoplasia at 3 months (ESD 15/16 vs EMR 16/17, p=1.0). During a mean follow-up period of 23.1±6.4 months, recurrent EAC was observed in one case in the ESD group. Elective surgery was performed in four and three cases after ESD and EMR, respectively (p=1.0). Two severe AEs were recorded for ESD and none for EMR (p=0.49). <h3>Conclusions</h3> In terms of need for surgery, neoplasia remission and recurrence, ESD and EMR are both highly effective for endoscopic resection of early BO neoplasia. ESD achieves a higher R0 resection rate, but for most BO patients this bears little clinical relevance. ESD is, however, more time consuming and may cause severe AE. <h3>Trial registration number</h3> NCT1871636
A phase II and UGT1A1 genotype study of 3-weekly irinotecan with intra-patient dose escalation scheme in patients with advanced gastric cancer failing fluoropyrimidine, platinum, and taxane chemotherapy
Authors: J. Lee, T. Kim, H. Chang, M. Ryu, S. Sym, S. Lee, G. Jang, H. Lee, J. Shin, J. Lee, Y. Kang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

4554 Background: Fluoropyrimidine (F), platinum (P), and taxane (T) triplet or sequential chemotherapy has been widely used for advanced gastric cancer (AGC). Irinotecan has shown promising activity against this disease. We explored the efficacy and safety of irinotecan monotherapy using individual dose optimization as salvage chemotherapy after F, P and T chemotherapy failed. Methods: 43 eligible patients were enrolled. Irinotecan was given IV at a dose of 350 mg/m2, increasing to 425 mg/m2 (cycle 2) and 500 mg/m2 (cycle 3 and thereafter) or decreasing to 250 mg/m2 depending on patient tolerance, every 3 weeks. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and UGT1A1 genotype was done using direct sequencing. Results: A total of 183 cycles of irinotecan were administered with a median of 4 cycles per patient. Four out of 43 patients achieved objective response with a response rate of 9.3%. Twenty-three patients showed a stable disease with a tumor control rate of 62.8%. At a median follow-up duration of 18.4 months (m), the median TTP was 2.8 m (95% CI, 2.3–3.4) and the median OS since the start of irinotecan monotherapy was 8.0 m (95% CI, 6.2- 9.8). Grade 3/4 neutropenia occurred in 53.5% of patients, but febrile neutropenia was observed in only 4.6% of patients. The incidences of non- hematologic toxicities of grade 3 or worse were: asthenia 32.6%, nausea/vomiting 16.3%, and anorexia 14.0%. We constructed 6 haplotypes using 7 polymorphism including 5 genotypes associated with reduced function (UGT1 A1*60, *28, *6, *27, *7). Patients with UGT1A1 *60/*60 had higher incidence of severe neutropenia (p=0.036). Diplotypes were significantly associated with the presence or absence of severe neutropenia (p=0.04). As the number of haplotype containing defective allele increases, the incidence of severe neutropenia increased (p=0.022) and the nadir ANC decreased (p=0.023). Conclusions: Irinotecan individual dose escalation based on patient tolerance is effective in controlling AGC as salvage chemotherapy after prior failure to F, P and T chemotherapy. UGT1 A1 genotype may be useful for predicting severe toxicity and determining the optimal dose. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A Time for Global Action: Addressing Girls’ Menstrual Hygiene Management Needs in Schools
Authors: Marni Sommer, Bethany A. Caruso, Murat Sahin, Teresa Calderon, Sue Cavill, Therese Mahon, Penelope A. Phillips-Howard
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2016)

Points• There is an absence of guidance, facilities, and materials for schoolgirls to manage their menstruation in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs).• Formative evidence has raised awareness that poor menstrual hygiene management (MHM) contributes to inequity, increasing exposure to transactional sex to obtain sanitary items, with some evidence of an effect on school indicators and with repercussions for sexual, reproductive, and general health throughout the life course.• Despite increasing evidence and interest in taking action to improve school conditions for girls, there has not been a systematic mapping of MHM priorities or coordination of relevant sectors and disciplines to catalyze change, with a need to develop country-level expertise.• Columbia University and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) convened members of academia, nongovernmental organizations, the UN, donor agencies, the private sector, and social entrepreneurial groups in October 2014 ("MHM in Ten") to identify key public health issues requiring prioritization, coordination, and investment by 2024.• Five key priorities were identified to guide global, national, and local action.
Virus-Induced Rhabdomyosarcoma Transplantation Studies in Weanling BALB/c Mice
Authors: Perk, K., Moloney, J. B., Jenkins, E. G.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1968)

Journal Article Virus-Induced Rhabdomyosarcoma Transplantation Studies in Weanling BALB/c Mice Get access K. Perk, K. Perk Viral Leukemia Lymphoma Branch, National Cancer Institute,4Bethesda, Maryland 20014 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. B. Moloney, J. B. Moloney Viral Leukemia Lymphoma Branch, National Cancer Institute,4Bethesda, Maryland 20014 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar E. G. Jenkins E. G. Jenkins Viral Leukemia Lymphoma Branch, National Cancer Institute,4Bethesda, Maryland 20014 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 40, Issue 2, February 1968, Pages 337–361, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/40.2.337 Published: 01 February 1968 Article history Received: 28 June 1967 Accepted: 30 August 1967 Published: 01 February 1968
Low Levels of Circulating Adiponectin Are Associated with Multiple Myeloma Risk in Overweight and Obese Individuals
Authors: Jonathan N. Hofmann, Brenda M. Birmann, Lauren R. Teras, Ruth M. Pfeiffer, Ye Wang, Demetrius Albanes, Dalsu Baris, Graham A. Colditz, Anneclaire J. De Roos, Graham G. Giles, H. Dean Hosgood, Qing Lan, Ola Landgren, Linda M. Liao, Nathaniel Rothman, Stephanie J. Weinstein, Michael N. Pollak, Marian L. Neuhouser, Mark P. Purdue
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

The association between obesity and multiple myeloma risk may be partly attributed to reduced circulating levels of adiponectin in obese individuals. To prospectively evaluate multiple myeloma risk in relation to adiponectin levels overall and stratified by body mass index and other characteristics, we conducted a pooled investigation of pre-diagnosed peripheral blood samples from 624 multiple myeloma cases and 1,246 individually matched controls from seven cohorts participating in the Multiple Myeloma Cohort Consortium. Analysis of circulating analyte levels measured by ELISA revealed that higher total adiponectin levels were associated with reduced multiple myeloma risk overall [highest quartile vs. lowest: OR, 0.64; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.47-0.85; Ptrend = 0.001]. This association was apparent among cases diagnosed six or more years after blood collection (OR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.40-0.90; Ptrend = 0.004) and was similar in magnitude for men and women (OR, 0.59 and 0.66, respectively). Interestingly, we observed strong associations among subjects who were overweight (OR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.26-0.65) or obese (OR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.17-0.98) but not among those with normal weight (OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 0.73-2.00; overweight/obese vs. normal weight, Pinteraction = 0.04). Our findings provide the strongest epidemiologic evidence to date that adiponectin protects against multiple myeloma development, particularly among overweight and obese individuals, and offer a method for risk assessment in this susceptible population of heavier patients. Cancer Res; 76(7); 1935-41. ©2016 AACR.
Anthracycline based chemotherapy decreases amplification status of Her-2/neu and topoisomerase II alpha genes in locally advanced breast cancer
Authors: M. Hajduch, M. Palacova, R. Trojanec, L. Dusek, K. Petrakova, K. Spackova, R. Obermannova, M. Galova, S. Blazkova, R. Vyzula
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

9521 Background: Coamplification of Her-2/neu (H) and topoisomerase II alpha (T), was associated with favorable local response to anthracycline-based therapy in locally advanced breast cancer (LABC). We sought to determine weather administration of anthracyclines would affect status of H and T genes located on close but distinct amplicons of chromosome 17 (CH17). Methods: 122 previously untreated patients who had LABC and who had received neoadjuvant, anthracycline-based therapy were studied. Ratio of copy number of H or T versus CH17 was determined by fluorescence in situ hybridization before and after chemotherapy. Results: There were 54.9/62.3% of patients without H or T amplification (H/CH17<1.5; T/CH17<1.2), 6.6/4.9% of women with borderline H or T amplification (H/CH17=1.5–2; T/CH17=1.2–2), and 38.5/23.8 % of patients who showed clear amplification of H or T (H/CH17>2; T/CH17>2). All of the tumors with T amplification also had H amplification, but not vice versa. Women with H but not T amplification had shorter EFS (P=0.0752 versus P=0.803). However, neither H nor T amplification was significantly associated with response to anthracycline based chemotherapy (P =0.405/0.306). Interestingly, tumors with H or T amplification significantly decreased amplification status after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (H/CH17 -1.089±1.192, P<0.001 and T/CH17 -0.234±0.422, P=0.013). Moreover, decline in H/CH17 but not T/CH17 values, with cut-offs at -0.5/-0.2, was significantly associated with shorter EFS (P<0.001 versus P=0.835). Conclusions: Amplification of both Her-2/neu and topoisomerase II alpha was significantly reduced in response to anthracycline based chemotherapy. Furthermore, tumors with therapy-induced decrease in Her-2/neu amplification relapsed early. Our data provide plausible mechanism for diminished trastuzumab efficacy in anthracycline pretreated patients and provide molecular rationale for administration of trastuzumab as the first-line treatment in patients with Her-2/neu amplified LABC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 14630: Microalbuminuria, Coronary Atherosclerosis, and Long-Term Clinical Outcome in Asymptomatic Type 2 Diabetic Patients: Evaluation by Coronary CT Angiography
Authors: Jin Jin Kim, Dong Hwi Kim, Soo Jin Na, Jae Gyung Kim, Eun Ho Choo, Su Nam Lee, Su-hyun Lee, Byung-Hee Hwang, Suk Min Hwang, Tae-Hun Kim, Yoon Seok Koh, Mahn Won Park, Sung-Won Jang, Sung-Ho Her, Pum Joon Kim, Jong Min Lee, Sang-Hyun Ihm, Kiyuk Chang, Wook Sung Chung, Ki-Bae Seung
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Coronary CT angiography (CCTA) is a highly accurate tool for detection of coronary atherosclerosis in asymptomatic type 2 diabetic patients. Multiple lines of evidence demonstrate a str...
Activity of Thymidine Kinase and of Polymerase α as Well as Activity and Gene Expression of Deoxycytidine Deaminase in Leukemic Blasts Are Correlated With Clinical Response in the Setting of Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor–Based Priming Before and During TAD-9 Induction Therapy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Gerlinde Jahns-Streubel, Christoph Reuter, Ulrike Auf der Landwehr, Michael Unterhalt, Eberhard Schleyer, Bernhard Wörmann, Thomas Büchner, Wolfgang Hiddemann
Journal: Blood (1997)