tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of bone metabolism in patients receiving home ventilation
Authors: Yasemin Gokdemir, Ela Erdem, Velat Sen, Fazilet Karakoc, Refika Ersu, Serap Turan, Bulent Karadag
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background:  Children with long-term respiratory support in intensive care units can be discharged home due to the developments in ventilator technology. Osteoporosis and related bone fractures can be seen in these patients due to immobilization and low exposure to the sun light. Our study aim was to evaluate bone metabolism and prevalance of vitamin D deficiency and related factors in children who are on respiratory support at home.  Methods:  Plasma calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin, 25 (OH) D3, spot urine calcium/creatinine ratio and the level of pyrilinks-D were detected. Patient outcomes were evaluated according to age-specific normal values. Vitamin D level was assessed by plasma 25(OH)D3. 25 (OH)D3 level  Results:  The study included 21 children (52% female). Mean age was 6.4 ± 4.6. Mean duration of ventilatory support was 2.7 ± 1.5 years. Five (23.5%) patients were receiving vitamin D as maintenance dose. Mean 25(OH)D3 level was 36.9 ± 1.9 ng / ml and vitamin D level was low in 39% (severe in 6%, mild to moderate in 33%) of patients. Hypercalcemia (Ca> 10.8 mg / dl) was detected in 2 (10%) patients. Spot urine Ca /creatinine ratio and pyrilinks-D was found to be increased in 25% and 83% of patients, respectively.  Conclusions:  Vitamin D deficiency and markers of bone resorption are detected high in patients receiving home ventilation. In addition, hypercalcemia of immobilization is a common problem. For this reason, supplementation of vitamin D in optimal doses that does not cause hypercalcemia is essential and bone health can be protected with intense physical therapy.
A complementary transposon tool kit for Drosophila melanogaster using P and piggyBac
Authors: Stephen T Thibault, Matthew A Singer, Wesley Y Miyazaki, Brett Milash, Nicholas A Dompe, Carol M Singh, Ross Buchholz, Madelyn Demsky, Robert Fawcett, Helen L Francis-Lang, Lisa Ryner, Lai Man Cheung, Angela Chong, Cathy Erickson, William W Fisher, Kimberly Greer, Stephanie R Hartouni, Elizabeth Howie, Lakshmi Jakkula, Daniel Joo, Keith Killpack, Alex Laufer, Julie Mazzotta, Ronald D Smith, Lynn M Stevens, Christiana Stuber, Lory R Tan, Richard Ventura, Alesa Woo, Irena Zakrajsek, Lora Zhao, Feng Chen, Candace Swimmer, Casey Kopczynski, Geoffrey Duyk, Margaret L Winberg, Jonathan Margolis
Journal: Nature Genetics (2004)
Harnessing the power of gene microarrays for the study of brain aging and Alzheimer's disease: Statistical reliability and functional correlation
Authors: E.M. Blalock, K.-C. Chen, A.J. Stromberg, C.M. Norris, I. Kadish, S.D. Kraner, N.M. Porter, P.W. Landfield
Journal: Ageing Research Reviews (2005)
Molecular Mechanisms of Lymphocyte Homing to Peripheral Lymph Nodes
Authors: R. Aaron Warnock, Sanaz Askari, Eugene C. Butcher, Ulrich H. von Andrian
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1998)

To characterize the adhesion cascade that directs lymphocyte homing to peripheral lymph nodes (PLNs), we investigated the molecular mechanisms of lymphocyte interactions with the microvasculature of subiliac lymph nodes. We found that endogenous white blood cells and adoptively transferred lymph node lymphocytes (LNCs) tethered and rolled in postcapillary high endothelial venules (HEVs) and to a lesser extent in collecting venules. Similarly, firm arrest occurred nearly exclusively in the paracortical HEVs. Endogenous polymorphonuclear (PMNs) and mononuclear leukocytes (MNLs) attached and rolled in HEVs at similar frequencies, but only MNLs arrested suggesting that the events downstream of primary rolling interactions critically determine the specificity of lymphocyte recruitment. Antibody inhibition studies revealed that L-selectin was responsible for attachment and rolling of LNCs, and that LFA-1 was essential for sticking. LFA-1–dependent arrest was also abolished by pertussis toxin, implicating a requirement for Gαi−-protein–linked signaling. α4 integrins, which play a critical role in lymphocyte homing to Peyer's Patches, made no significant contribution to attachment, rolling, or sticking in resting PLNs. Velocity analysis of interacting LNCs revealed no detectable contribution by LFA-1 to rolling. Taken together, our results suggest that lymphocyte– HEV interactions within PLNs are almost exclusively initiated by L-selectin followed by a G protein–coupled lymphocyte-specific activation event and activation-induced engagement of LFA-1. These events constitute a unique adhesion cascade that dictates the specificity of lymphocyte homing to PLNs.
Natriuretic peptide system in human heart failure.
Authors: C M Wei, D M Heublein, M A Perrella, A Lerman, R J Rodeheffer, C G McGregor, W D Edwards, H V Schaff, J C Burnett
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUND Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) are a family of structurally related peptides that participate in the integrated control of renal and cardiovascular function. Previous studies suggest a functional role for these hormonal peptides in cardiorenal regulation in congestive heart failure (CHF). METHODS AND RESULTS The present studies were performed in normal subjects (n = 6) and in patients with mild (New York Heart Association [NYHA] class I to II, n = 20) and severe (NYHA class III to IV, n = 20) CHF by use of radioimmunoassay and immunohistochemical staining (IHCS). Plasma ANP was significantly increased in both mild and severe CHF compared with normal subjects. In contrast, plasma BNP was only moderately increased in the severe CHF group, and plasma CNP concentration was unchanged in CHF compared with normal subjects. Atrial tissue concentrations of the natriuretic peptides did not parallel circulating concentrations. ANP predominated in normal atrial tissue, but BNP predominated in CHF. In ventricular tissue, IHCS staining was present for all three peptides in normal ventricular myocardium and was markedly enhanced in CHF. CONCLUSIONS These studies support a differential regulation of ANP, BNP, and CNP circulating concentrations and tissue activity in human CHF.
Epigenetic changes: a common theme in acute myelogenous leukemogenesis
Authors: Soraya E Gutierrez, Francisco A Romero-Oliva
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2013)

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a rather common disease, characterized by the presence of a clonal population of hematopoietic progenitor cells with impaired differentiation. Although traditionally AML has been considered the result of genetic alterations, more recently experimental evidence have demonstrated that epigenetic modifications are important in development and maintenance of leukemia cells. In this review we summarize current scientific knowledge of epigenetic alterations involved in leukemogenesis. We also highlight the developing of new technological strategies that are based on epigenetic processes and have been registered as Patents of Inventions in the United Nations dependent World Intellectual Property Office (WIPO) and the main Patent offices worldwide.
Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Inhibition by LY294002 Radiosensitizes Human Cervical Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Christopher M. Lee, Christa B. Fuhrman, Vicente Planelles, Morgan R. Peltier, David K. Gaffney, Andrew P. Soisson, Mark K. Dodson, H. Dennis Tolley, Christopher L. Green, Karen A. Zempolich
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Purpose: The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) catalytic subunit is amplified in cervical cancers, implicating PI3K in cervical carcinogenesis. We evaluated the radiosensitizing effect of PI3K inhibition by LY294002 on clonogenic survival, growth characteristics, and gene expression in cervical cancer cell lines (HeLa and CaSki). Experimental Design: Cervical cancer cells were treated separately and concurrently with the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 (10 μmol/L) and radiation (2 Gy) with serial analysis of cell count, apoptosis, and flow cytometry. PI3K inhibition was assessed by protein analysis of phosphorylated Akt. Clonogenic assays were done with varying doses of radiation and LY294002 and varied time points of administration of LY294002 proximate to the radiation dose. Surviving fractions and dose modification factors (DMF) were calculated. Each experiment was done in triplicate and analyzed using ANOVA regression analysis and Dunnett's t Test. Microarray gene expression analysis was done on the HeLa cell line. Results: PI3K inhibition with LY294002 alone did not decrease cell survival. However, treatment with LY294002 significantly radiosensitized HeLa and CaSki cell lines with DMFs (1 log cell kill) of 1.95 and 1.37, respectively. Compared with post-irradiation, pretreatment produced more radiosensitization (P &amp;lt; 0.0001). DMFs were 2.2, 2.0, 2.0, and 1.2 for LY294002 added at 6, 2, and 0.5 hours before irradiation and 6 hours after irradiation, respectively. LY294002 pretreatment in irradiated HeLa cells led to altered gene expression. Conclusions: Although LY294002 alone did not produce cytotoxic effects, PI3K inhibition with LY294002 produced significant radiosensitization, showed significant time-dependent effects, increased apoptosis, and altered gene expression. These findings support future investigation of PI3K inhibitors in combination with radiation therapy for carcinoma of the cervix.
Lysosomal alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase deficiency, the enzymatic defect in angiokeratoma corporis diffusum with glycopeptiduria.
Authors: T Kanzaki, A M Wang, R J Desnick
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

Recently a novel case of angiokeratoma corporis diffusum with glycoaminoaciduria was described in a 46-yr-old Japanese woman. Known causes of the cutaneous manifestation were eliminated by enzyme analyses, and further characterization of the accumulated urinary O-linked sialopeptides revealed identity to those excreted by patients with an infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy due to lysosomal alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase deficiency. Investigation of the alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase activity and protein in the proband revealed less than 2% of normal activity and the absence of detectable immunoreactive enzyme protein, findings comparable to those in the patients with infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy and alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase deficiency. In addition, the proband's unaffected offspring had half-normal levels of alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase activity, consistent with this enzymatic deficiency being the primary metabolic defect in this autosomal recessive trait. Ultrastructural examination of skin and blood cells from the adult proband revealed the presence of prominent lysosomal inclusions containing diffuse amorphous and filamentous material. In contrast, these morphologic findings were not observed in the nonneural tissues from patients with infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy and alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase deficiency. These studies document the occurrence of two forms of alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase deficiency and sialopeptiduria, a severe infantile-onset form of neuroaxonal dystrophy without angiokeratoma or visceral lysosomal inclusions and an adult-onset form characterized by angiokeratoma, extensive lysosomal accumulation of sialoglycopeptides and the absence of detectable neurologic involvement.
Acute and Subacute Neck Pain
Authors: Edzard Ernst
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

Letters1 May 2012Acute and Subacute Neck PainEdzard Ernst, MD, PhDEdzard Ernst, MD, PhDFrom Peninsula Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon, EX2 4NT, United Kingdom.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-156-9-201205010-00017 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Bronfort and colleagues (1) recently reported a trial intended “[t]o determine the efficacy of spinal manipulation therapy (SMT), medication, and home exercise with advice (HEA)” for neck pain. They concluded that “SMT was more effective than medication” and that “HEA resulted in similar outcomes” as SMT.I believe that the validity of the comparisons between the SMT or HEA group and the medication group is questionable. The latter group was treated in a different setting with medications that were only loosely described (for example, doses and durations were unspecified). Six participants in the medication group actually received ...Reference1. Bronfort G, Evans R, Anderson AV, Svendsen KH, Bracha Y, Grimm RH. Spinal manipulation, medication, or home exercise with advice for acute and subacute neck pain: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2012;156:1-10. [PMID: 22213489] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Edzard Ernst, MD, PhDAffiliations: From Peninsula Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon, EX2 4NT, United Kingdom.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoSpinal Manipulation, Medication, or Home Exercise With Advice for Acute and Subacute Neck Pain Gert Bronfort , Roni Evans , Alfred V. Anderson , Kenneth H. Svendsen , Yiscah Bracha , and Richard H. Grimm Acute and Subacute Neck Pain Guy Chapman Acute and Subacute Neck Pain Gert Bronfort , Roni Evans , and Richard Grimm Metrics 1 May 2012Volume 156, Issue 9Page: 668KeywordsConflicts of interestExercise therapyResearch designTouch ePublished: 1 May 2012 Issue Published: 1 May 2012 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2012 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Intra–Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Hypothermia With and Without Volume Loading in an Ischemic Model of Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Demetris Yannopoulos, Menekhem Zviman, Valeria Castro, Aravindan Kolandaivelu, Ravi Ranjan, Robert F. Wilson, Henry R. Halperin
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background— We investigated the effects of intra–cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) hypothermia with and without volume loading on return to spontaneous circulation and infarction size in an ischemic model of cardiac arrest. Methods and Results— Using a distal left anterior descending artery occlusion model of cardiac arrest followed by resuscitation with a total of 120 minutes of occlusion and 90 minutes of reperfusion, we randomized 46 pigs into 5 groups and used myocardial staining to define area at risk and myocardial necrosis. Group A had no intervention. Immediately after return of spontaneous circulation, group B received surface cooling with cooling blankets and ice. Group C received intra-CPR 680±23 mL of 28°C 0.9% normal saline via a central venous catheter. Group D received intra-CPR 673±26 mL of 4°C normal saline followed by surface cooling after return of spontaneous circulation. Group E received intra-CPR and hypothermia after return of spontaneous circulation with an endovascular therapeutic hypothermia system placed in the right atrium and set at a target of 32°C. Intra-CPR volume loading with room temperature (group C) or iced saline (group D) significantly ( P &lt;0.05) decreased coronary perfusion pressure (group C, 12.8±4.78 mm Hg; group D, 14.6±9.9 mm Hg) compared with groups A, B, and E (20.6±8.2, 20.1±7.8, and 21.3±12.4 mm Hg). Return of spontaneous circulation was significantly improved in group E (9 of 9) compared with groups A plus B and C (10 of 18 and 1 of 8). The percent infarction to the area at risk was significantly reduced with intra-CPR hypothermia in groups D (24.3±4.2%) and E (4±3.4%) compared with groups A (72±5.1%) and B (67.3±4.2%). Conclusions— Intra-CPR hypothermia significantly reduces myocardial infarction size. Elimination of volume loading further improves outcomes.
CASE OF PLURAL BIRTH
Authors: R. C. N. Davies
Journal: BMJ (1856)

tnued, and I orded a small portion of the following oint- ment to be rubbed in over the st of pain, night and & Unguenti hydrargyri fortioris,unguenti camphorse, &aSss; extraoti belladonnie gr.iv.Fiat unguentum.June 6th.(Her sister was married on this day.)She had a violent hysterical attack, which gave way to the usual remedies, quiet and opium.Pulse 96; rather better in character, but still feeble.The ointment was ordered to be continued.June 9th.Pain diminished; she was able to sit in a chair comfortably for the first time.June 13th.She had a slight hysterical attack for half an hour, which subsided without medical interference.June 20th.The abdominal pain had materially abated, indeed was not perceptible, except on pressure over the part.Her appetite had been failing for the last two or three days,'and she complained of a feeling of heat at the stomach.Continue the ointment.& Potassu bicarb. 5ij; acidi citrici 3 iss; acidi hydro- cyanici diluti mkxij; aqume destillati ad 3vj.Fiat mist.Capiat ~j ter quotidie.
A Phase I/II Study of LY900003, an Antisense Inhibitor of Protein Kinase C-α, in Combination with Cisplatin and Gemcitabine in Patients with Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Miguel A. Villalona-Calero, Paul Ritch, Jose A. Figueroa, Gregory A. Otterson, Robert Belt, Edward Dow, Sebastian George, James Leonardo, Spence McCachren, G. Lance Miller, Manuel Modiano, Manuel Valdivieso, Richard Geary, Jennifer W. Oliver, Jon Holmlund
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract Purpose: Protein kinase C-α has been implicated in malignant transformation and proliferation. Based on in vivo superadditive interaction between the protein kinase C-α antisense oligonucleotide LY900003 (Affinitak, ISIS 3521) and cisplatin, we designed this phase I/II trial of LY900003 with cisplatin/gemcitabine Experimental Design: The safety of the combination, as well as potential pharmacokinetic interactions, was evaluated in the phase I portion of the trial. The phase II portion evaluated the antitumor activity of the combination in previously untreated patients with stage IIIB/IV non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Results: Seven patients received 18 cycles of the combination during the phase I portion. Dose-limiting toxicity was only observed in one of six evaluable patients (grade 3 fatigue). However, due to a relatively high frequency of thrombocytopenia, cisplatin 80 (mg/m2) and gemcitabine (1,000 mg/m2) were recommended for the phase II portion. Antitumor activity was observed in two patients (one with NSCLC and one with pancreatic carcinoma), and prolonged stabilization was observed in two others. No pharmacokinetic interactions occurred. In the phase II portion, 55 NSCLC patients received the combination at two gemcitabine doses [1,000 mg/m2, n = 44 (original cohort); 1,250 mg/m2, n = 11 (expanded cohort)]. Fourteen of 39 evaluable patients in the original cohort had a response rate (1 complete response and 13 partial responses; response, 36%), whereas 2 of 9 evaluable patients in the expanded cohort experienced partial response (combined response rate, 33%). The median time to treatment failure was 3.9 months, whereas the median time response to progression for the 48 patients with evaluable response was 4.4 months (confidence interval, 3.5–5.5 months). Intent to treat median survival time was 8.9 months. Forty-eight percent of the patients experienced catheter-related events. Conclusions: LY900003 can be administered safely in combination with cisplatin and gemcitabine and is associated with antitumor activity in patients with advanced NSCLC. Better characterization of subsets of patients most likely to benefit from this combination therapy is needed.
Survival Disparities in Patients With Lymphoma According to Place of Residence and Treatment Provider: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Fausto R. Loberiza, Anthony J. Cannon, Dennis D. Weisenburger, Julie M. Vose, Matt J. Moehr, Martin A. Bast, Philip J. Bierman, R. Gregory Bociek, James O. Armitage
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

Health disparities exist according to an individual's place of residence. We evaluated the association between primary area of residence (urban v rural) according to treatment provider (university based v community based) and overall survival in patients with lymphoma and determined whether there are patient groups that could benefit from better coordination of care.Population-based, retrospective cohort study of 2,330 patients with centrally confirmed lymphoma from Nebraska and surrounding states and treated by university-based or community-based oncologists from 1982 to 2006.Among urban residents, 321 (14%) were treated by university-based providers (UUB) and 816 (35%) were treated by community-based providers (UCB). Among rural residents, 332 (14%) were treated by university-based providers (RUB), and 861 (37%) were treated by community-based providers (RCB). The relative risk (RR) of death among UUB, UCB, and RUB were not statistically different. However, RCB had a higher risk of death (RR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.14 to 1.65; P = .01; and RR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.49; P = .01) when compared with UUB and RUB, respectively. This association was true in both low- and intermediate-risk patients. Among high-risk patients, UCB, RUB, and RCB were all at higher risk of death when compared with UUB.Survival outcomes of patients with lymphoma may be associated with place of residence and treatment provider. High-risk patients from rural areas may benefit from better coordination of care.
The prognostic value of positron emission tomography performed after two courses (<scp>INTERIM‐PET</scp>) of standard therapy on treatment outcome in early stage <scp>H</scp>odgkin lymphoma: A multicentric study by the fondazione italiana linfomi (FIL)
Authors: Luigi Rigacci, Benedetta Puccini, Pier Luigi Zinzani, Alberto Biggi, Antonio Castagnoli, Francesco Merli, Monica Balzarotti, Caterina Stelitano, Michele Spina, Umberto Vitolo, Vittorio Stefoni, Alessandro Levis, Manuel Gotti, Sancetta Rosaria, Stefani Piero Maria, Alberto Bosi, Andrea Gallamini
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2015)

This retrospective study included 246 patients with a new diagnosis of Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) with a localized-stage (IA-IIA), consecutively admitted from January 2002 to December 2008, by twelve Italian hematological centers on behalf of Fondazione Italiana Linfomi (FIL). Patients were staged at baseline and after two cycles of chemotherapy with PET. All patients were treated with four cycles of ABVD followed by involved-field radiotherapy. No treatment change, based on PET-2 results was allowed. Endpoint of the study was the predictive role of PET-2 on 2-y failure-free survival (FFS). PET-2 was positive in 36 patients (15%) and negative in 210. After a mean follow-up of 46 (3-105) months 19/36 PET-2 positive patients progressed or relapsed and 17 achieved and maintained a CCR. The positive and negative predictive value of a PET2 was 53% and 95%, respectively. The sensibility, specificity and accuracy of PET2 were 65.5%, 92% and 89%, respectively. PET-2 positive scans were centrally reviewed according to the recently defined Deauville Criteria. Upon review the PPV and NPV was 73% and 96% overall. Factors with prognostic significance for progression in univariate analysis were a positive PET-2 (P = 0.000) and the presence of bulky disease (P < 0.01). In a multivariate analysis the only factor that affected negatively FFS was a positive PET-2 (P = 0.000). This study confirms that interim-PET could be considered a prognostic test also in early stage HL, but is unlikely to be a factor that will justify the change of therapeutical approach.