tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation in Extensive Disease Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Short-Term Health-Related Quality of Life and Patient Reported Symptoms—Results of an International Phase III Randomized Controlled Trial by the EORTC Radiation Oncology and Lung Cancer Groups
Authors: Berend J. Slotman, Murielle E. Mauer, Andrew Bottomley, Corinne Faivre-Finn, Gijs W.P.M. Kramer, Elaine M. Rankin, Michael Snee, Matthew Hatton, Pieter E. Postmus, Laurence Collette, Suresh Senan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

Prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) in patients with extensive-disease small-cell lung cancer (ED-SCLC) leads to significantly fewer symptomatic brain metastases and improved survival. Detailed effects of PCI on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) are reported here.Patients (age, 18 to 75 years; WHO < or = 2) with ED-SCLC, and any response to chemotherapy, were randomly assigned to either observation or PCI. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and patient-reported symptoms were secondary end points. The European Organisation for the Research and Treatment of Cancer core HRQOL tool (Quality of Life Questionnaire C30) and brain module (Quality of Life Questionnaire Brain Cancer Module) were used to collect self-reported patient data. Six HRQOL scales were selected as primary HRQOL end points: global health status; hair loss; fatigue; and role, cognitive and emotional functioning. Assessments were performed at random assignment, 6 weeks, 3 months, and then 3-monthly up to 1 year and 6-monthly thereafter.Compliance with the HRQOL assessment was 93.7% at baseline and dropped to 60% at 6 weeks. Short-term results up to 3 months showed that there was a negative impact of PCI on selected HRQOL scales. The largest mean difference between the two arms was observed for fatigue and hair loss. The impact of PCI on global health status as well as on functioning scores was more limited. For global health status, the observed mean difference was eight points on a scale 0 to 100 at 6 weeks (P = .018) and 3 months (P = .055).PCI should be offered to all responding ED SCLC patients. Patients should be informed of the potential adverse effects from PCI. Clinicians should be alert to these; monitor their patients; and offer appropriate support, clinical, and psychosocial care.
What's a face worth: Noneconomic factors in game playing
Authors: Peter J. B. Hancock, Lisa M. DeBruine
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003)

Where behavior defies economic analysis, one explanation is that individuals consider more than the immediate payoff. We present evidence that noneconomic factors influence behavior. Attractiveness influences offers in the Ultimatum and Dictator Games. Facial resemblance, a cue of relatedness, increases trusting in a two-node trust game. Only by considering the range of possible influences will game-playing behavior be explained.
Prolonged remission of Paget disease of the vulva after chemotherapy for breast carcinoma
Authors: V. Tauveron, G. Body, L. Machet, H. Lenain, L. Ouldamer, G. Lorette
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Journal Article Prolonged remission of Paget disease of the vulva after chemotherapy for breast carcinoma Get access V. Tauveron, V. Tauveron Department of Dermatology CHRU de Tours Tours France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Body, G. Body Department of Gynecology CHRU de Tours Tours FranceFrançois Rabelais University Tours France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. Machet, L. Machet Department of Dermatology CHRU de Tours Tours FranceFrançois Rabelais University Tours France Correspondence: Laurent Machet. E‐mail: machet@univ-tours.fr and machet.laurent@libertysurf.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. Lenain, H. Lenain Private Gynecologist Bourges France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. Ouldamer, L. Ouldamer Department of Gynecology CHRU de Tours Tours France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Lorette G. Lorette Department of Dermatology CHRU de Tours Tours FranceFrançois Rabelais University Tours France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 170, Issue 5, 1 May 2014, Pages 1199–1200, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.12825 Published: 01 May 2014
Republished editorial: Autologous blood products in musculoskeletal medicine
Authors: Nicola Maffulli
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2014)

<b>Background:</b> The research work is related to epidemiology of sarcoidosis in Ivano-Frankivsk region (West Ukraine). Many scientists connect the etiology of sarcoidosis with geografical and climatic factors. In Ukraine it is considered that the lowest (1.1 case per 100 thousand people) incidence were noticed in Crimea (South Ukraine), while the highest rates were marked in North Ukraine (incidence – 2.62 cases per 100 thousand people). <b>Aim:</b> to study of prevalence and of sarcoidosis in Western Ukraine. <b>Material and Methods:</b> Statistical data were obtained by processing hospital records of 470 patients from Ivano-Frankivsk regional phthysiopulmonary centre in 2011-2015. <b>Results:</b> The incidence of sarcoidosis in Ivano-Frankivsk region was 1.08 times higher than the maximal rate in Ukraine and made up 2.83 cases per 100 thousand people, and the prevalence rate was 2.54 times higher and comprised 20.14 cases per 100 thousand people. The highest incidence indices were recorded in Kalush and Kolomyia districts that may be associated with developed chemical and oil-and-gas industry in this regions. Districts with highly developed wood-working industry are characterized by increased morbidity rate among males, who are actually engaged in this branch of national economy. The assessment of climatic factors made it possible to determine that the incidence rate was 1.65 times higher in the northern part of the region as compared to the southern districts. <b>Conclusions:</b> It has been established that geographic and ecological factors have a considerable influence on the incidence, prevalence and development of sarcoidosis.
Failure of antioxidant therapy to attenuate interstitial disease in rats with reversible nephrotic syndrome.
Authors: A Drukker, A A Eddy
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1998)

The present two studies were designed to determine whether oxidized LDL contributes to the tubulointerstitial changes seen in rats during the acute phase of acute puromycin aminonucleoside nephrosis (PAN). In the single-dose study, rats were given one injection of puromycin aminonucleoside (PA; 15 mg/100 g body wt) and killed 1, 2, or 3 wk thereafter. The four animal groups were saline controls, PAN controls, PAN plus probucol, and PAN plus lovastatin. This study showed that the addition of probucol significantly reduced the mean levels of serum cholesterol and renal lipid-peroxidation products, an effect not seen with lovastatin therapy. Compared with saline controls, PAN controls had a significant increase in total kidney collagen (7.9 +/- 1.2 versus 5.9 +/- 0.6 mg/kidney at 3 wk). Neither probucol nor lovastatin therapy attenuated the interstitial inflammation or fibrosis. In the multidose study, rats were given the same initial PA dose and were uninephrectomized on day 12. They were killed on day 35 after two smaller PA doses were given on days 16 and 23. Animal groups were saline controls, PAN controls, PAN plus probucol, and PAN plus vitamin E. Hepatic lipid-peroxidation products were significantly lower in the probucol-treated, but not in the vitamin E-treated, PAN groups when compared with the PAN controls. Neither probucol nor vitamin E prevented the increase in total kidney collagen that was observed in the PAN control group (7.4 +/- 0.7, 10.1 +/- 2.6, and 9.3 +/- 1.8 mg of collagen/kidney, respectively, versus 5.4 +/- 0.5 mg/kidney for the saline controls). Renal cortical mRNA levels for matrix-encoding genes and protease inhibitors were similar in the three nephrotic groups. Transforming growth factor-beta1 mRNA levels were highly variable within each group and not significantly different at day 35, but showed a significant positive correlation with the degree of albuminuria (r = 0.70). The present results demonstrate that the treatment of acutely nephrotic rats with antioxidant therapy did not attenuate interstitial inflammation or fibrosis. We speculate that other factors, possibly a consequence of proteinuria itself, are the predominant pathogenetic mediators of the tubulointerstitial damage in acute nephrotic syndrome.
Molecular Imaging of Atherosclerotic Plaques Using a Human Antibody Against the Extra-Domain B of Fibronectin
Authors: Christian M. Matter, Pia K. Schuler, Patrizia Alessi, Patricia Meier, Romeo Ricci, Dongming Zhang, Cornelia Halin, Patrizia Castellani, Luciano Zardi, Christoph K. Hofer, Matteo Montani, Dario Neri, Thomas F. Lüscher
Journal: Circulation Research (2004)

Current imaging modalities of human atherosclerosis, such as angiography, ultrasound, and computed tomography, visualize plaque morphology. However, methods that provide insight into plaque biology using molecular tools are still insufficient. The extra-domain B (ED-B) is inserted into the fibronectin molecule by alternative splicing during angiogenesis and tissue remodeling but is virtually undetectable in normal adult tissues. Angiogenesis and tissue repair are also hallmarks of advanced plaques. For imaging atherosclerotic plaques, the human antibody L19 (specific against ED-B) and a negative control antibody were labeled with radioiodine or infrared fluorophores and injected intravenously into atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E-null (ApoE-/-) or normal wild-type mice. Aortas isolated 4 hours, 24 hours, and 3 days after injection exhibited a selective and stable uptake of L19 when using radiographic or fluorescent imaging. L19 binding was confined to the plaques as assessed by fat staining. Comparisons between fat staining and autoradiographies 24 hours after 125I-labeled L19 revealed a significant correlation (r=0.89; P<0.0001). Minimal antibody uptake was observed in normal vessels from wild-type mice receiving the L19 antibody and in atherosclerotic vessels from ApoE-/- mice receiving the negative control antibody. Immunohistochemical studies revealed increased expression of ED-B not only in murine but also in human plaques, in which it was found predominantly around vasa vasorum and plaque matrix. In summary, we demonstrate selective targeting of atheromas in mice using the human antibody to the ED-B domain of fibronectin. Thus, our findings may set the stage for antibody-based molecular imaging of atherosclerotic plaques in the intact organism.
Which Panic Disorder Patients Benefit from Which Treatment: Cognitive Therapy or Antidepressants?
Authors: Elise Dusseldorp, Philip Spinhoven, Abraham Bakker, Richard van Dyck, Anton J.L.M. van Balkom
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2007)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; Beliefs about the controllability of a disorder may be relevant in the causation, maintenance and treatment of disorders. We investigated whether congruence between patients’ beliefs about controllability of a panic disorder and the type of treatment provided predicted outcome. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; The differential effectiveness of cognitive therapy and antidepressant treatment (paroxetine or clomipramine) was investigated in a sample of 129 panic disorder patients in a 12-week, pretest posttest placebo-controlled study. Panic frequency, agoraphobic avoidance, anxiety, depression, and disability were measured with various validated interviewer and self-report measures. Beliefs about controllability were measured with the Multidimensional Anxiety Locus of Control Scale measuring an internal, chance, therapist and medication locus of control. In order to analyze aptitude-treatment interactions a new strategy called the Regression Trunk Approach was used in addition to classical hierarchical multiple regression analysis. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; Using the Regression Trunk Approach we found that locus of control orientation (LOC) predicted the differential effectiveness of cognitive therapy. Those patients with a medium internal LOC who received cognitive therapy performed significantly better than all patients who received a placebo pill on 8 of the 10 outcome variables. We did not find a differential LOC effect for antidepressant treatment. No evidence for aptitude-treatment interactions using hierarchical multiple regression analysis was found. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; Moderately strong beliefs about self-control of panic disorder congruent with the cognitive intervention provided seem to moderate treatment effectiveness. Future studies must be more attentive to the nonlinear effects of patient characteristics on the outcome of different types of treatments.
TGF-β and bFGF affect the differentiation of proliferating porcine fibroblasts into myofibroblasts in vitro
Authors: Ilse M.S.L Khouw, Pauline B van Wachem, Josée A Plantinga, Zeljko Vujaskovic, Marcel J.B. Wissink, Lou F.M.H de Leij, Marja J.A van Luyn
Journal: Biomaterials (1999)
A broad spectrum of human papillomavirus types is present in the skin of Australian patients with non-melanoma skin cancers and solar keratosis
Authors: O. Forslund, H. Ly, C. Reid, G. Higgins
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Journal Article A broad spectrum of human papillomavirus types is present in the skin of Australian patients with non‐melanoma skin cancers and solar keratosis Get access O. Forslund, O. Forslund Department of Medical Microbiology, Malmö University Hospital, Lund University, SE‐205 02 Malmö, SwedenInfectious Diseases Laboratories, Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science, Adelaide, Australia Ola Forslund. E‐mail: ola.forslund@mikrobiol.mas.lu.se Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. Ly, H. Ly Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science, Adelaide, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Reid, C. Reid Department of Dermatology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Higgins G. Higgins Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science, Adelaide, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 149, Issue 1, 1 July 2003, Pages 64–73, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05376.x Published: 01 July 2003 Article history Accepted: 17 December 2002 Published: 01 July 2003
Nicotine Is a Potent Blocker of the Cardiac A-Type K <sup>+</sup> Channels
Authors: Huizhen Wang, Hong Shi, Liming Zhang, Marc Pourrier, Baofeng Yang, Stanley Nattel, Zhiguo Wang
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Nicotine is a main constituent of cigarette smoke and smokeless tobacco, known to increase the risk of sudden cardiac death. This study aimed at establishing ionic mechanisms underlying potential electrophysiological effects of nicotine.Effects of nicotine on Kv4.3 and Kv4.2 channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes were studied at the whole-cell and single-channel levels. The effects of nicotine on the transient outward K(+) current (I:(to)) were studied by use of whole-cell patch-clamp techniques in canine ventricular myocytes. Nicotine potently inhibited Kv4 current. The concentration for half-maximal inhibition (IC(50)) was 40+/-4 nmol/L, and the current was abolished by 100 micromol/L nicotine. The IC(50) for block of native I:(to) was 270+/-43 nmol/L. The steady-state activation properties of Kv4.3 and I:(to) were unaltered by nicotine, whereas positive shifts of the inactivation curves were observed. Of the total inhibition of Kv4.3 and I:(to) by nicotine, 40% was due to tonic block and 60% was attributable to use-dependent block. Activation, inactivation, and reactivation kinetics were not significantly changed by nicotine. Nicotine reduced single-channel conductance, open probability, and open time but increased the closed time of Kv4.3. The effects of nicotine were not altered by antagonists to various neurotransmitter receptors, indicating direct effects on I:(to) channels.Nicotine is a potent inhibitor of cardiac A-type K(+) channels, with blockade probably due to block of closed and open channels. This action may contribute to the ability of nicotine to affect cardiac electrophysiology and induce arrhythmias.
Atypical Measles in Adolescents and Young Adults
Authors: DAVID B. MARTIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Seven patients, aged 12 to 19 years, had atypical measles. Prodromal symptoms of fever, malaise, myalgia, headache, nausea, and vomiting were commonly followed by coryza, sore throat, conjunctivitis, photophobia, nonproductive cough, and pleuritic pain. The characteristic rash was erythematous, maculopapular, and progressed frequently to vesicular, petechial, or purpuric lesions. It initially involved palms and soles with subsequent spread to proximal extremities and the trunk, sparing the face. Six of six chest roentgenograms showed infiltrates. Findings not previously described in atypical measles included liver enzyme elevations, thrombocytopenia, disseminated intravascular coagulation, possible transmission among three siblings, and suspected cardiac involvement. Measles complement fixation titers compatible with recent infection were seen in all patients. All patients had previously received killed measles vaccine. A substantial number of persons who are older adolescents or young adults may be at risk of developing atypical measles.
Sex Differences in All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality, Hospitalization for Individuals With and Without Diabetes, and Patients With Diabetes Diagnosed Early and Late
Authors: Madonna M. Roche, Peizhong Peter Wang
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

OBJECTIVE To compare risk of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) mortality, stroke mortality, and hospitalizations for males and females with and without diabetes and those with diabetes diagnosed early and late. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study including 73,783 individuals aged 25 years or older in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada (15,152 with diabetes; 9,517 with late diagnoses). RESULTS Males and females with diabetes had an increased risk of all-cause mortality, CVD mortality, AMI mortality, and CVD hospitalizations compared with individuals without diabetes, and the risk was stronger in females than in males. For females, risks of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 1.85 [95% CI 1.74–1.96]) and CVD hospitalizations (2.57 [2.24–2.94]) were significantly higher compared with their male counterparts (1.59 [1.51–1.69] and 1.92 [1.72–2.14]). Females with diabetes diagnosed late had an increased risk of CVD mortality (6.54 [4.80–8.91]) and CVD hospitalizations (5.22 [4.31–6.33]) compared with females without diabetes, and both were significantly higher compared with their male counterparts (3.44 [2.47–4.79]) and (3.33 [2.80–3.95]). CONCLUSIONS Females with diabetes have a greater risk of mortality than males with diabetes. CVD has a greater impact on females with diabetes than males, especially when diagnosed at a later stage. Different management strategies should be considered for males and females and those with early and late diagnoses of diabetes.
The International Scoring System (ISS) for multiple myeloma remains a robust prognostic tool independently of patients’ renal function
Authors: M.A. Dimopoulos, E. Kastritis, E. Michalis, C. Tsatalas, M. Michael, A. Pouli, Z. Kartasis, S. Delimpasi, D. Gika, A. Zomas, M. Roussou, K. Konstantopoulos, A. Parcharidou, K. Zervas, E. Terpos
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2011)
Nanotechnology and <i>in Situ</i> Remediation: A Review of the Benefits and Potential Risks
Authors: Barbara Karn, Todd Kuiken, Martha Otto
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2009)

Although industrial sectors involving semiconductors; memory and storage technologies; display, optical, and photonic technologies; energy; biotechnology; and health care produce the most products that contain nanomaterials, nanotechnology is also used as an environmental technology to protect the environment through pollution prevention, treatment, and cleanup. In this review, we focus on environmental cleanup and provide a background and overview of current practice; research findings; societal issues; potential environment, health, and safety implications; and future directions for nanoremediation. We do not present an exhaustive review of chemistry/engineering methods of the technology but rather an introduction and summary of the applications of nanotechnology in remediation. We also discuss nanoscale zerovalent iron in detail.We searched the Web of Science for research studies and accessed recent publicly available reports from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and other agencies and organizations that addressed the applications and implications associated with nanoremediation techniques. We also conducted personal interviews with practitioners about specific site remediations.We aggregated information from 45 sites, a representative portion of the total projects under way, to show nanomaterials used, types of pollutants addressed, and organizations responsible for each site.Nanoremediation has the potential not only to reduce the overall costs of cleaning up large-scale contaminated sites but also to reduce cleanup time, eliminate the need for treatment and disposal of contaminated soil, and reduce some contaminant concentrations to near zero-all in situ. Proper evaluation of nanoremediation, particularly full-scale ecosystem-wide studies, needs to be conducted to prevent any potential adverse environmental impacts.
Invasive Evaluation of Patients With Angina in the Absence of Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Bong-Ki Lee, Hong-Seok Lim, William F. Fearon, Andy S. Yong, Ryotaro Yamada, Shigemitsu Tanaka, David P. Lee, Alan C. Yeung, Jennifer A. Tremmel
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background— More than 20% of patients presenting to the cardiac catheterization laboratory with angina have no angiographic evidence of coronary artery disease. Despite a “normal” angiogram, these patients often have persistent symptoms, recurrent hospitalizations, a poor functional status, and adverse cardiovascular outcomes, without a clear diagnosis. Methods and Results— In 139 patients with angina in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease (no diameter stenosis &gt;50%), endothelial function was assessed; the index of microcirculatory resistance, coronary flow reserve, and fractional flow reserve were measured; and intravascular ultrasound was performed. There were no complications. The average age was 54.0±11.4 years, and 107 (77%) were women. All patients had at least some evidence of atherosclerosis based on an intravascular ultrasound examination of the left anterior descending artery. Endothelial dysfunction (a decrease in luminal diameter of &gt;20% after intracoronary acetylcholine) was present in 61 patients (44%). Microvascular impairment (an index of microcirculatory resistance ≥25) was present in 29 patients (21%). Seven patients (5%) had a fractional flow reserve ≤0.80. A myocardial bridge was present in 70 patients (58%). Overall, only 32 patients (23%) had no coronary explanation for their angina, with normal endothelial function, normal coronary physiological assessment, and no myocardial bridging. Conclusions— The majority of patients with angina in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease have occult coronary abnormalities. A comprehensive invasive assessment of these patients at the time of coronary angiography can be performed safely and provides important diagnostic information that may affect treatment and outcomes.