tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Survival After Adjuvant Oophorectomy and Tamoxifen in Operable Breast Cancer in Premenopausal Women
Authors: Richard R. Love, Nguyen Van Dinh, Tran Tu Quy, Nguyen Dieu Linh, Nguyen Dinh Tung, Tien-zhen Shen, Erinn M. Hade, Gregory S. Young, David Jarjoura
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

Purpose Worldwide, approximately 750,000 new cases of breast cancer are diagnosed annually in premenopausal women with limited economic resources. Longer-term survival benefits from adjuvant therapies in such women with operable breast cancer are unknown. Patients and Methods From 1993 to 1999, we recruited 709 premenopausal women with operable breast cancer to a multisite randomized clinical trial of adjuvant oophorectomy and tamoxifen for 5 years or observation and this combined hormonal therapy on recurrence. Results With a median follow-up of 7.0 years, disease-free and overall survival were significantly improved with the adjuvant treatment (log-rank P = .0003 and .0002, respectively). Five year disease-free survival (DFS) probabilities of 74% and 61% (95% CI for difference, 7% to 21%) and overall survival (OS) rates of 78% and 71% (95% CI for difference, 1% to 21%) were observed in the adjuvant and observation groups. Ten-year DFS probabilities of 62% and 51% (95% CI for difference, 4% to 22%) and OS probabilities of 70% and 52% (95% CI for difference, 6% to 34%) between adjuvant and observation groups, respectively, were observed. In the subset of estrogen receptor–positive patients, 5-year DFS probabilities were 83% and 61%, and 10-year DFS probabilities were 66% and 47%, while 5-year OS probabilities were 88% and 74%, and 10-year OS probabilities were 82% and 49% in the adjuvant and observation groups, respectively. Conclusion In premenopausal women with operable breast cancer not selected for estrogen receptor status or with estrogen receptor–positive tumors, 5- and 10-year DFS and OS rates are significantly improved following adjuvant oophorectomy and tamoxifen.
THE EMPTY NEST: PSYCHOSOCIAL ASPECTS OF CONFLICT BETWEEN DEPRESSED WOMEN AND THEIR GROWN CHILDREN
Authors: EVA Y. DEYKIN, SHIRLEY JACOBSON, MAIDA SOLOMON, GERALD KLERMAN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1966)

In summary, the 14 empty nest patients studied in detail were women who entered the hospital with a comparable degree of depression. They all shared a common inability to deal successfully with the termination of child rearing and had difficulty in adjusting to their status as childless mothers. In half the sample, consisting of seven overt conflict patients, the difficulty was characterized by violent and frequent arguments with their children. In the seven latent conflict patients, the difficulty found expression in a vague, undefined kind of dissatisfaction. The kind of conflict manifested by the total sample seemed to be related, in part, to a number of social and environmental characteristics. A higher education, postponement of pregnancy for a year or more after marriage, espousal of American values and traditions, friends outside the family, satisfying work experience and, most important of all, the presence of a husband were all consistent with the manifestation of latent conflict between the patients and their children. Conversely, a grade school education, early marriages followed almost immediately by pregnancy, adherence to European traditions, few or no friends outside the family, no work experience and the absence of a husband were all factors associated with overt conflict. While the sample of this pilot study is too small to draw any firm conclusions regarding the impact of the cessation of child rearing on all depressed patients, our findings suggest that it is important to differentiate the extent and locus of conflict in the relationship between depressed women and their children. The reestablishment of a healthy relationship depends in large measure on the careful diagnosis of the existing conflict, which in turn dictates the type of therapy to be undertaken.
Regulatory mechanisms in cell-mediated immune responses. VIII. Differential expression of I-region determinants by suppressor cells and their targets in suppression of mixed leukocyte reactions.
Authors: S S Rich, C S David
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1979)

The phenotypic expression of I-region determinants on cells producing and responding to MLR suppressor factor (MLR-TsF) was established in these studies. Alloantigen-activated MLR suppressor T cells (MLR-Ts), which produce MLR-TsF bearing gene products of the I-C subregion, were exposed to anti-I subregion sera and complement (C) before in vitro culture for MLR-TsF production. Suppressor activity was prevented by removal of cells bearing I-C determinants, whereas elimination of cells expressing I-A/B determinants had no effect. Interestingly, cytotoxic elimination of cells displaying I-J determinants also prevented MLR-TsF production. Admixture of anti-I-J and I-C antiserum-treated cells for MLR-TsF production failed to reconstitute suppressor activity, indicating that I-C and I-J gene products are expressed on a single population of cells critical to MLR suppression, rather than on distinct interacting subpopulations. Anti-I-C serum activity specific for I-C+ MLR-Ts was removed by adsorption with nylon wool-nonadherent splenic T cells and concanavalin A-activated thymocytes; adsorption with splenic B cells from anti-Thy-1,2 serum and C-treated spleen failed to remove relevant anti-I-C activity. These data suggest that regulatory I-C molecules, like I-J molecules, are preferentially expressed on T lymphocytes. Expression of I-C, or other I-region molecules on responder cell targets of MLR-TsF activity was also investigated. Responder cells were pretreated with anti-I subregion-specific sera in blocking or complement-dependent cytotoxic protocols before addition to MLR with MLR-TsF. Neither blocking nor the cytotoxic removal of cells bearing I-C or other I-region determinants from MLR responder populations interfered with MLR-TsF suppression. Because it has previously been demonstrated that MLR-TsF interacts optimally with activated, I-C syngeneic target cells, blocking and cytotoxic studies with anti-I subregion sera were also performed with responder cells activated by 24 h culture in MLR in the absence of MLR-TsF. Brief MLR-TsF pulse after antiserum treatment generated marked suppression regardless of blocking or absence of cells bearing serologically detected I-region determinants. I-C restricted suppression may thus be mediated not by interaction with I-C-bearing cells, but by target cells which exist in requisite association with populations of I-C+ cells.
PHYSIOLOGICAL CONCOMITANTS OF THE PHASIC DISTURBANCES SEEN IN PERIODIC CATATONIA
Authors: A. BONKALO, J. W. LOVETT DOUST, A. B. STOKES
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1955)

1. A longitudinal clinico-physiological study in the kinetic tradition has been made on 3 cases of periodic catatonia over a 2-year period. Twice-or thrice-weekly EEG records were analysed mainly for alpha rate, incidence, and amplitude, and for activity in other frequency ranges; daily estimations of the capillary blood-oxygen saturation under both resting and stressful conditions were made by an oximetric technique; and the results of all these measures were assessed in terms of objectively recorded changes in the psychiatric state and of other metabolic happenings similarly investigated. 2. In all 3 patients it was found that, starting from a relatively normal baseline in the remission phase, fairly consistent physiological changes occurred with the onset of stupor or catatonic excitement. Both the EEG alpha incidence and alpha amplitude fell sharply and simultaneously with the appearance of a disturbed phase, while the alpha rate rose steeply in 2 patients and decreased in the third at this time. In the periods of semidisturbance, whether these occurred before or after actual stupor or excitement, intermediate changes were seen. 3. A similar cycle of disturbance, closely corresponding to the changing psychomotor state, was noted oximetrically. Stupor or excitement was accompanied by capillary anoxaemia and a fall in the stress responsivity score. Both these variables underwent a recovery as the clinical condition remitted. 4. The metabolic concomitants of atypical stupor patterns and of the exhibition of thyroid extract were analysed in similar fashion and a tentative hypothesis linking these findings to the patients' varied attempts to achieve an homeostatic equilibrium in the face of stress is offered.
Caucasian race and lung function: time to revisit the racial groups used in reference values
Authors: K. Kiviranta, T. Haahtela
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2006)

Nebulisers are recommended in the treatment of acute asthma in children. As choosing the right system can be a crucial factor for a successful aerosol therapy in children, the performance of 5 relevant jet nebulisers was determined. Methods Aerosol delivery of albuterol (Sultanol forte® 2.5 mg/2.5 ml) with 5 different jet nebuliser systems (from PARI, MPV, Omron and PHILmed/3A HEALTH CARE) was assessed over 4 min and analysed by HPLC. With a PARI Compas II breath simulator a child9s breathing pattern was mimicked according to Barry/O9Callaghan (1995; n=6). The aerodynamic particle size distribution was determined by a Next Generation Impactor (NGI, Ph.Eur.7.0, Copley Scientific, 15 L/min, n=4). Respirable Drug Delivery Rate (RDDR) was calculated by multiplying the drug delivery rate (DDR) by the Respirable Fraction (%of droplets ≤ 5µm). Results The DDR during the first 4 min of nebulisation differed from maximal 80 µg/min (PARI LC Sprint Junior) to minimal 28 µg/min (AmpollaNebjet). Two of the nebulisers (PARI; MPV MicrodropCalimero) showed a Mass Median Aerodynamic Diameter (MMAD) of approx. 3 µm which is considered as eligible droplet size for children. The RDDR (a predictor for the respirable drug dose per time) varied by a factor of 4 between the systems tested. Conclusion In vitro performance of the 5 nebulisers differs considerably. For children nebulisers with a high RDDR should be selected in order to ensure the best possible therapeutic outcome and adherence.
Serological markers in fulminant hepatitis B.
Authors: A E Gimson, R S Tedder, Y S White, A L Eddleston, R Williams
Journal: Gut (1983)

Serological markers for hepatitis B virus infection have been examined in 34 patients with acute hepatitis B, 17 of whom developed fulminant hepatic failure. Hepatitis B surface antigen concentrations were significantly lower and hepatitis Be antigen was less frequently detectable in patients with fulminant hepatic failure compared with those with acute hepatitis (median 0.64 micrograms, range 16-0 and median 32 micrograms and range 100-4 micrograms respectively, p less than 0.001; HBeAg detected in 12% and 88% respectively, p less than 0.001). The IgM component of hepatitis B core antibody was significantly higher in the patients with fulminant hepatic failure with median values of 500 IU/ml compared with those with uncomplicated hepatitis (median 202 IU/ml, p less than 0.05 Wilcoxon9s rank test). Three patients who developed a fulminant course had detectable levels of either anti-HBs or anti-HBe. These results are consistent with enhanced antibody responses to all three hepatitis B virus antigens and more rapid clearance of the latter during fulminant hepatic failure.
Elevated Frequency of Diabetes Mellitus in Hospitalized Manic-Depressive Patients
Authors: F Cassidy, E Ahearn, B J Carroll
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1999)

Disturbance in glucose homeostasis in psychiatric populations has been suggested since the early part of this century. Increased comorbidity of diabetes mellitus in persons with major mood disorders has also been suggested. The goal of this study was to determine whether subjects diagnosed with bipolar disorder have an elevated rate of comorbid diabetes mellitus.Three hundred forty-five hospitalized patients, aged 20-74 years, who met the DSM-III-R criteria for bipolar disorder, manic or mixed subtype, were evaluated for a comorbid diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. The frequency of diabetes mellitus in the study group was determined and compared with the expected frequency, calculated as a weighted average based on sex and age from national norms. Variables characterizing the course and severity of the affective disorder in the group of diabetic bipolar subjects and a group of nondiabetic age-matched bipolar subjects were compared.The prevalence of diabetes mellitus among these bipolar patients was 9.9%, significantly greater than expected from national norms (3.4%). The patients with comorbid diabetes mellitus had significantly more lifetime psychiatric hospitalizations than the nondiabetic subjects, but age at first hospitalization and duration of psychiatric disorder were similar in the two groups.The frequency of diabetes mellitus in hospitalized patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder is higher than in the general population. Manic-depressive patients with diabetes mellitus have a more severe course of illness, as indicated by a greater number of psychiatric hospitalizations. Possible reasons for this increased comorbidity include a genetic relationship between the disorders, a causal relationship in which hypercortisolemia induces diabetes or diabetic vascular lesions contribute to mania, an overlapping functional disturbance affecting similar regions of the brain, or the effect of psychotropic medications.
Prazosin and Hydralazine in Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: RAYMOND D. MAGORIEN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Central hemodynamic variables and regional blood flow and vascular resistances were ascertained in patients with severe congestive heart failure before and after the oral administration of prazosin hydrochloride or hydralazine. Prazosin was administered in doses of 2, 5, and 10 mg and hydralazine, 75 and 100 mg. Although both agents significantly increased cardiac output and decreased vascular resistances, their effects on regional blood flow and vascular resistances were considerably different. Prazosin increased hepatic blood flow and reduced hepatic vascular resistance at lower doses; these changes decreased as prazosin was increased. Hydralazine did not significantly alter mean hepatic blood flow or vascular resistance. Prazosin did not affect renal blood flow or renal vascular resistance. In contrast, hydralazine significantly increased renal blood flow and reduced vascular resistance; the changes were dose related. Both drugs augmented limb blood flow and diminished limb vascular resistance; the magnitude of change was dose dependent.
Special Article: Factors Modifying the Contours of Indicator-Dilution Curves
Authors: Robert J. Marshall
Journal: Circulation Research (1962)

Some of the factors that influence the contours and time components of indicator-dilution curves have been examined in dogs and man. These include the dynamic-response characteristics of the sampling-detecting-recording system, variations in the sampling site, quantity of blood and rate of blood flow between injection and sampling sites, vascular obstruction, and local and general alterations in peripheral blood flow. Any or all of these factors may be of importance in the interpretation of changes in indicator-dilution curves in patients with congenital or acquired heart disease.
Does asthma control correlate with quality of life related to upper and lower airways? A real life study
Authors: F. Braido, I. Baiardini, S. Balestracci, V. Ghiglione, E. Stagi, E. Ridolo, R. Nathan, G. W. Canonica
Journal: Allergy (2009)

Background: The goal of asthma therapy is to achieve an optimal level of disease control, but the relationship between asthma control, impact of comorbid rhinitis and health related quality of life (HRQoL) in real life remains unexplored. Objective: The aims of this real life study were to evaluate asthma control, the impact of asthma (with and without rhinitis) on HRQoL, the relationship between asthma control and HRQoL, and the role of rhinitis on asthma control and HRQoL. Methods: 122 asthma patients completed the Asthma Control Test, Rhinitis Symptoms score (T5SS) and RHINASTHMA. Results: Asthma control was unsatisfactory (44.27% of uncontrolled patients), as well as HRQoL. Controlled patients controlled showed significantly lower scores in all the RHINASTHMA domains compared to uncontrolled. Irrespective of their level of control, patients with rhinitis symptoms showed worse HRQoL in Upper Airways (UA) ( P &lt; 0.0001), Lower Airways (LA) ( P &lt; 0.001), and Global Summary (GS) ( P &lt; 0.0001). In patients with symptomatic rhinitis, RHINASTHMA were lower in controlled asthma patients (UA P = 0.002; LA P &lt; 0.0001; RAI P &lt; 0.01; GS P &lt; 0.0001). Asthma control was associated with lower T5SS score ( P = 0.034). Conclusion: Asthma control in real life is unsatisfactory. Rhinitis and asthma influence each other in terms of control and HRQoL. The control of rhinitis in asthma patients can lead to an optimization of HRQoL related to the upper airways, while this phenomenon is not so evident in asthma. These results suggest to strengthen the ARIA recommendation that asthma patients must be evaluated for rhinitis and vice versa.
Biomarkers of lung inflammation in recreational joggers exposed to ozone.
Authors: P L Kinney, D M Nilsen, M Lippmann, M Brescia, T Gordon, T McGovern, H El-Fawal, R B Devlin, W N Rom
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

Humans exhibit an acute inflammatory response in the lungs after controlled laboratory exposure to ozone. The present study was designed to test whether biomarkers of inflammation are detectable in humans exposed to ozone and associated copollutants under natural conditions outdoors. Bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was carried out on 19 normal volunteer joggers from Governors Island, NY, who exercised in the afternoon during the 1992 summer (S1) season. Fifteen subjects were retested during the following, low ozone, winter season (W). The BAL protocol involved an initial instillation of 20 ml saline followed by four sequential 50-ml saline washes carried out in both the right middle lobe and the lingula. The eight 50-ml samples were pooled as the 'alveolar' sample. Analyses performed on the alveolar lavage samples included cell differentials, release of IL-8, TNF-alpha, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) by pooled cells, and levels of IL-8, protein, LDH, fibronectin, alpha1-antitrypsin (alpha1-AT), complement fragment 3a (C3a), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in lavage fluids. Release of ROS by stimulated BAL cells was lower in S1 than in W (p = 0.03). In contrast, LDH levels in BAL fluids were 2-fold higher in S1 than in W (p = 0.02), as were IL-8 (p = 0.12) and PGE2 (p = 0.06). These results suggest a possible ongoing inflammatory response in the lungs of recreational joggers exposed to ozone and associated copollutants during the summer months.
Refractory human papillomavirus-associated oral warts treated topically with 1-3% cidofovir solutions in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients
Authors: R. Husak, C.C. Zouboulis, C. Sander-Bahr, M. Hummel, C.E. Orfanos
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Journal Article Refractory human papillomavirus‐associated oral warts treated topically with 1–3% cidofovir solutions in human immunodeficiency virus type 1‐infected patients Get access R. Husak, R. Husak Departments of Dermatology, Pharmacy and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.C. Zouboulis, C.C. Zouboulis Departments of Dermatology, Pharmacy and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Sander‐Bähr, C. Sander‐Bähr Departments of Dermatology, Pharmacy and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Hummel, M. Hummel Pathology, Charité Campus Benjamin Franklin, Fabeckstr. 60–62, 14195 Berlin, Germany E‐mail: ralf.husak@charite.de Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.E. Orfanos C.E. Orfanos Departments of Dermatology, Pharmacy and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 152, Issue 3, 1 March 2005, Pages 590–591, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06461.x Published: 01 March 2005
Glycogenesis and glyconeogenesis in human platelets
Authors: Simon Karpatkin, Arthur Charmatz, Richard M. Langer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1970)

Washed human platelets are capable of depositing 1-4 as well as probable 1-6 glucosyl linkages onto preexistent glycogen primer. They are also capable of degrading (glycogenolysis) newly synthesized 1-4 as well as probable 1-6 glucosyl linkages. A higher rate of glycogen synthesis was found in platelet suspensions containing lower concentrations of platelets. This was shown to result from decreased glycogen degradation and consequent increased residual glycogen primer in low platelet suspensions. The increased glycogen content of low platelet suspensions was not a result of platelet washing, removal of platelets from plasma, or release of platelet metabolites into the media. The enzyme glycogen synthetase was found to be present at a rate of 5.2 μmoles of uridine diphosphate (UDP) glucose incorporated into glycogen per gram platelets per hour at 37°C. The Km for UDP glucose was 6.6 mmoles/liter. At optimum concentration of glucose 6-phosphate, the Km was reduced 4.6 fold and Vmax was increased 4.3-fold.
The Use of Plasma Surface-Enhanced Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Proteomic Patterns for Detection of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Cancers
Authors: Scott G. Soltys, Quynh-Thu Le, Gongyi Shi, Robert Tibshirani, A. J. Giaccia, Albert C. Koong
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract Purpose: Our study was undertaken to determine the utility of plasma proteomic profiling using surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (SELDI-TOF) mass spectrometry for the detection of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). Experimental Design: Pretreatment plasma samples from HNSCC patients or controls without known neoplastic disease were analyzed on the Protein Biology System IIc SELDI-TOF mass spectrometer (Ciphergen Biosystems, Fremont, CA). Proteomic spectra of mass:charge ratio (m/z) were generated by the application of plasma to immobilized metal-affinity-capture (IMAC) ProteinChip arrays activated with copper. A total of 37,356 data points were generated for each sample. A training set of spectra from 56 cancer patients and 52 controls were applied to the “Lasso” technique to identify protein profiles that can distinguish cancer from noncancer, and cross-validation was used to determine test errors in this training set. The discovery pattern was then used to classify a separate masked test set of 57 cancer and 52 controls. In total, we analyzed the proteomic spectra of 113 cancer patients and 104 controls. Results: The Lasso approach identified 65 significant data points for the discrimination of normal from cancer profiles. The discriminatory pattern correctly identified 39 of 57 HNSCC patients and 40 of 52 noncancer controls in the masked test set. These results yielded a sensitivity of 68% and specificity of 73%. Subgroup analyses in the test set of four different demographic factors (age, gender, and cigarette and alcohol use) that can potentially confound the interpretation of the results suggest that this model tended to overpredict cancer in control smokers. Conclusions: Plasma proteomic profiling with SELDI-TOF mass spectrometry provides moderate sensitivity and specificity in discriminating HNSCC. Further improvement and validation of this approach is needed to determine its usefulness in screening for this disease.
FGFR3 Activates RSK2 to Mediate Hematopoietic Transformation through Tyrosine Phosphorylation of RSK2 and Activation of the MEK/ERK Pathway
Authors: Sumin Kang, Shaozhong Dong, Ting-Lei Gu, Ailan Guo, Michael S. Cohen, Sagar Lonial, Hanna Jean Khoury, Doriano Fabbro, D. Gary Gilliland, P. Leif Bergsagel, Jack Taunton, Roberto D. Polakiewicz, Jing Chen
Journal: Cancer Cell (2007)