tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ultra-Widefield Steering-Based Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging of the Retinal Periphery
Authors: Netan Choudhry, John Golding, Matthew W. Manry, Rajesh C. Rao
Journal: Ophthalmology (2016)

To describe the spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT) features of peripheral retinal findings using an ultra-widefield (UWF) steering technique to image the retinal periphery.Observational study.A total of 68 patients (68 eyes) with 19 peripheral retinal features.Spectral-domain OCT-based structural features.Nineteen peripheral retinal features, including vortex vein, congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium, pars plana, ora serrata pearl, typical cystoid degeneration (TCD), cystic retinal tuft, meridional fold, lattice and cobblestone degeneration, retinal hole, retinal tear, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, typical degenerative senile retinoschisis, peripheral laser coagulation scars, ora tooth, cryopexy scars (retinal tear and treated retinoblastoma scar), bone spicules, white without pressure, and peripheral drusen, were identified by peripheral clinical examination. Near-infrared scanning laser ophthalmoscopy images and SD OCT of these entities were registered to UWF color photographs.Spectral-domain OCT resolved structural features of all peripheral findings. Dilated hyporeflective tubular structures within the choroid were observed in the vortex vein. Loss of retinal lamination, neural retinal attenuation, retinal pigment epithelium loss, or hypertrophy was seen in several entities, including congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium, ora serrata pearl, TCD, cystic retinal tuft, meridional fold, lattice, and cobblestone degenerations. Hyporeflective intraretinal spaces, indicating cystoid or schitic fluid, were seen in ora serrata pearl, ora tooth, TCD, cystic retinal tuft, meridional fold, retinal hole, and typical degenerative senile retinoschisis. The vitreoretinal interface, which often consisted of lamellae-like structures of the condensed cortical vitreous near or adherent to the neural retina, appeared clearly in most peripheral findings, confirming its association with many low-risk and vision-threatening pathologies, such as lattice degeneration, meridional folds, retinal breaks, and rhegmatogenous retinal detachments.Ultra-widefield steering-based SD OCT imaging of the retinal periphery is feasible with current commercially available devices and provides detailed anatomic information of the peripheral retina, including benign and pathologic entities, not previously imaged. This imaging technique may deepen our structural understanding of these entities and their potentially associated macular and systemic pathologies, and may influence decision-making in clinical practice, particularly in areas with teleretinal capabilities but poor access to retinal specialists.
First- and second-line chemotherapy with docetaxel or mitoxantrone in patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC): Does sequence matter?
Authors: J. E. Michels, T. Montemurro, C. Kollmannsberger, N. Murray, K. N. Chi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

4611 Background: Docetaxel (D) is considered the first-line treatment in patients (pts) with HRPC. It is unknown whether mitoxantrone (M) in patients who have failed first-line docetaxel remains a viable option for palliation or if docetaxel in patients who failed a less toxic but less effective first-line regimen with mitoxantrone is of clinical benefit. Methods: A retrospective analysis of all pts with HRPC who received both D and M in either sequence in the Province of British Columbia to evaluate toxicity and clinical efficacy in terms of median overall survival (OS), progression free survival (PFS) and PSA decline of ≥ 50%. Results: 83 pts were identified from the provincial pharmacy formulary database, 68 had charts available for review: 35 pts received D followed by M (D-M) and 33 pts received M followed by D (M-D). Both groups were well balanced for prognostic factors (Gleason score, time from diagnosis, ECOG performance status, PSA, hemoglobin, alkaline phosphatase, LDH, PSA doubling time, extend of disease). Patients who received D-M had a trend towards longer OS (22 months (m), 95% CI: 17.2 - 26.8) compared to patients treated with M-D (15m, 95% CI: 10.4 - 19.6, p = 0.12). Median number of 2nd line chemotherapy cycles was 3 and PFS was 2–3m in both groups. 2nd line D produced a higher PSA response (44%) compared to M (15%, p = 0.012) but this did not translate into a survival benefit: OS for patients treated with 2nd line D and M was 7m (95%CI: 3.7 - 10.3) and 12m (95% CI: 7.8 - 16.2, p = 0.27). 2nd line chemotherapy was associated with a high frequency of adverse events: 64% of patients treated with D and 46% patients who received M required dose reduction, delay or stop of chemotherapy due to toxicity. On univariate analysis, LDH was prognostic for survival but there were no apparent predictive factors for response to 2nd line therapy. Conclusions: Our results favor docetaxel given up-front for patients with HRPC. 2nd line chemotherapy with either D or M is of limited efficacy and tolerability. Patients should be enrolled into clinical trials when being considered for 2nd line chemotherapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 11165: Activation of IGF-1/PI3/GSK-3ss Signaling Prevents High Glucose-induced Transition of Human Cardiac Progenitor Cells Into Fibroblasts
Authors: Yangxin Li, Harnath Shelat, Xueyan Jian, Yong-Jian Geng
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Cardiac progenitor cells (CPC) can repair the myocardium injured by infarction. However, CPC may not function well under the diabetic condition. Exposure to high levels of glucose (HG) may induce cardiomyopathy and fibrosis in patients with diabetes. Signaling transduction via transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and its responding transcription factor, Snail, (TGF-β/Snail) is involved in fibrosis. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) decreases TGF-β expression. Thus, it is important to investigate whether IGF-1 activation of the PI3 kinase/glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) signaling pathway prevents HG-induced transition of CPC to fibroblasts. Methods and Results: Human CPC were isolated and cultured from normal human heart tissue. They were exposed to different concentrations of glucose. Compared to CPCs incubated in normal glucose (NG) (5 mM), CPC incubated in HG (25 mM) showed increased TGF-β mRNA levels (3.1 ± 0.5 fold, p<0.05, n=4) and Snail (2.9 ± 0.4 fold, p<0.05, n=4) in a dose- and ...
Abstract 16382: Pulmonary Hypertension-induced Myocardial Injury: Evaluation Using A Highly Sensitive Cardiac Troponin-I Assay In Children With Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Masaya Sugimoto, Hiroki Kajino, Kei Ota, Aya Kajihama, Kouichi Nakau, Hiromi Manabe
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is currently considered as the most sensitive and specific biochemical marker of acute coronary syndrome and acute myocardial infarction. However, few reports have described the use of cTnI assays for evaluating abnormal hemodynamic load in children with congenital heart disease (CHD). We hypothesized that significant hemodynamic overload due to a left-to-right shunt can cause myocardial injury. Methods: A highly sensitive cTnI assay was used to measure the serum cTnI levels in 29 children with atrial septal defect (ASD), 29 children with ventricular septal defect (VSD), and 350 healthy children (controls). None of the patients had a history of cardiac ischemia. Cardiac catheterization was performed in the children with ASD and VSD to determine the ratio of pulmonary to systemic blood flow (Qp/Qs), the ratio of pulmonary to systemic arterial pressure (Pp/Ps), pulmonary vascular resistance (RpI), right ventricular end-diastolic volume (RVEDV) (% of normal), and left-ve...
Analysis of a family of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors: p15/MTS2/INK4B, p16/MTS1/INK4A, and p18 genes in acute lymphoblastic leukemia of childhood
Authors: S Takeuchi, CR Bartram, T Seriu, CW Miller, A Tobler, JW Janssen, A Reiter, WD Ludwig, M Zimmermann, J Schwaller
Journal: Blood (1995)
A Retrospective Review Of Factor X Levels and Bleeding Risk In Patients With Amyloidosis
Authors: Anish S. Konde, Charles Camposano, Mushtaq Farah, Puppala Mamta, Wong Solomon, George Carrum, McCarthy John, Kelty R. Baker, Jerry Estep, Arvind Bhimraj, Rammurti Kamble, Lawrence Rice, Swaminathan Padmanabhan Iyer
Journal: Blood (2013)
Elevated serum level of sialylated glycoprotein KL-6 predicts a poor prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated with gefitinib
Authors: Y. Fujiwara, K. Kiura, S. Toyooka, K. Hotta, M. Tabata, N. Takigawa, J. Soh, K. Kato, H. Date, M. Tanimoto
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

18162 Background: The Factors affecting survival after gefitinib treatment in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain to be fully elucidated, although epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation is a substantial prognostic factor. KL-6 has been studied as a useful indicator for interstitial lung diseases, however, it was first discovered as a pulmonary adenocarcinoma-related antigen. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of the serum KL-6 levels in advanced NSCLC patients treated with gefitinib and thus determine its association with the EGFR mutation status. Methods: Between September 2002 and September 2005, 41 patients with NSCLC were treated with gefitinib after having their serum KL-6 levels measured at Okayama University Hospital. EGFR mutations were analyzed by direct sequence methods. Results: The serum KL-6 levels ranged from 199 to 9080 U/ml (median, 550 U/ml), and 54% of 41 patients showed a level higher than the cut-off level of 500 U/ml. The median progression-free survival (PFS) time and the median overall survival (OS) time were 4.7 months and 13.9 months, respectively. Multivariate analyses revealed that the elevated KL-6 level was an independent adverse prognostic factor for PFS (hazard ratio: 2.278, p = 0.040) as well as OS (hazard ratio: 4.858, p = 0.002) in NSCLC patients treated with gefitinib. The EGFR mutation status was analyzed in 22 patients (54%). Among those with wild-type EGFR, the patients with high serum KL-6 levels also had a worse survival than those within normal serum KL-6 levels (6.5 months versus 13.3 months, p = 0.0194). Conclusions: Our data suggest that NSCLC patients with high serum KL-6 levels tended to have a poor clinical outcome when treated with gefitinib. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Prognostic facctor for early versus late relapse in hormonodependant non metastatic breast cancers treated by tamoxifen: PROFARE study results from GETNA group
Authors: D. Azria, M. Tubiana-Hulin, M. Spielmann, B. Coudert, A. Monnier, D. Serin, T. Altweeg, M. Namer, J. Gligorov
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

10585 Background: The purpose of this study was to identify potential prognostic factors of early relapse among postmenopausal women with ER+ breast cancer treated at least by adjuvant tamoxifen therapy. Methods: This was a multi-center, retrospective study. Data was collected from 1588 subjects on demographic and subject characteristics and the subjects’ course of the disease using information from patient files. It was planned to have data to cover a follow-up period of ten years. Frequency distributions of the pre-specified potential prognostic factors were presented for subjects with relapse or death (RoD) below 3 years (early), RoD after at least 3 years (late) and without RoD recorded. Results: There were 1550 subjects included in the analysis population. The median age was 60 years [52–67]. There were 633 patients (40.8%) with an event for RoD. Median relapse-free survival time (RFS) was 165 months (no confidence interval calculation possible due to low event rate) and lower quartile relapse-free survival time was 68 months [95% CI, 59–76]. Concerning RFS 212 (13.7%) subjects had an early relapse and 421 (31.5%) had a late relapse. Out of 1550 subjects analyzed for overall survival, there were 344 (22.2%) with an event. Median survival time was not reached; lower quartile survival time was 143 months [131–176 months]. The Cox regression for RFS showed that prognostic factors for RFS overall and for early RFS seems to have similar patterns. Prognostic factors for late RFS differed from those for RFS overall and early RFS. The Cox regression for overall survival showed similar results. SBR grade 1 or 2 vs. 3 (p &lt; 0.0001), &lt;4 vs. ≥4 lymph nodes involved (p &lt; 0.0001), and tumor size pT0–1 vs pT2–4 (p = 0.0001) are selected in both models as prognostic factors. These factors are also of prognostic value for RFS. Conclusions: Women with hormonodependant breast cancer who are at high risk of early relapse while on tamoxifen can potentially be identified. These data could maybe be of importance concerning the choice of the upfront hormonal regimen in menopaused women treated for hormonodependant breast cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Lowering Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol With Statin Therapy
Authors: Ian Ford, Heather Murray, Colin McCowan, Chris J. Packard
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background— Extended follow-up of statin-based low-density lipoprotein cholesterol lowering trials improves the understanding of statin safety and efficacy. Examining cumulative cardiovascular events (total burden of disease) gives a better appreciation of the clinical value of statins. This article evaluates the long-term impact of therapy on mortality and cumulative morbidity in a high-risk cohort of men. Methods and Results— The West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study was a primary prevention trial in 45- to 64-year-old men with high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. A total of 6595 men were randomized to receive pravastatin 40 mg once daily or placebo for an average of 4.9 years. Subsequent linkage to electronic health records permitted analysis of major incident events over 20 years. Post trial statin use was recorded for 5 years after the trial but not for the last 10 years. Men allocated to pravastatin had reduced all-cause mortality (hazard ratio, 0.87; 95% confidence interval, 0.80–0.94; P =0.0007), attributable mainly to a 21% decrease in cardiovascular death (hazard ratio, 0.79; 95% confidence interval, 0.69–0.90; P =0.0004). There was no difference in noncardiovascular or cancer death rates between groups. Cumulative hospitalization event rates were lower in the statin-treated arm: by 18% for any coronary event ( P =0.002), by 24% for myocardial infarction ( P =0.01), and by 35% for heart failure ( P =0.002). There were no significant differences between groups in hospitalization for noncardiovascular causes. Conclusion— Statin treatment for 5 years was associated with a legacy benefit, with improved survival and a substantial reduction in cardiovascular disease outcomes over a 20-year period, supporting the wider adoption of primary prevention strategies.
Role of Prolactin in Rat Mammary Carcinogenesis: Detection of Carcinogenicity of Low-Dose Carcinogens and of Persisting Dormant Cancer Cells 2
Authors: Kenjiro Yokoro, Mimako Nakano, Akihiro Ito, Kenji Nagao, Yuso Kodama, Katsutomo Hamada
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

The synergism of radiation [14 million electron volt (MeV) fast neutrons or 180 kilovolt peak (kVp) X-rays] or a chemical carcinogen [N-nitroso-N-butylurea (NBU)] and prolactin in the induction of rat mammary tumors (MT) was investigated in female W/Fu rats. Subthreshold doses of neutron and X-ray radiations (as low as 10 rads) and a subthreshold dose of NBU (150 mg) were shown to be carcinogenic when a prolactin-secreting pituitary tumor was grafted sc on the backs of rats. Most MT induced by the combined treatment of carcinogen and prolactin were adenocarcinomas, whereas all MT induced in rats by irradiation only or MT developing spontaneously were fibroadenomas. Slightly to moderately higher biologic effectiveness was found with 14 MeV fast neutrons compared with 180 kVp X-rays in rat mammary carcinogenesis in several dose ranges. The long survival of radiation- or chemical-induced potentially malignant cells was demonstrated when the application of prolactin to rats was delayed as late as 7 months after the carcinogen treatment; the frequency of MT developing in these rats was comparable to that in rats given prolactin shortly after the exposure to the same doses of carcinogen. This finding may indicate that dormant cancer cells were not repaired or eliminated.
Human Malignant Melanoma In Vivo and In Vitro 2
Authors: Tamotsu Kanzaki, Ken Hashimoto, Daniel W. Bath
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

Journal Article Human Malignant Melanoma In Vivo and In Vitro Get access Tamotsu Kanzaki, M.D., Ph.D., Tamotsu Kanzaki, M.D., Ph.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Ken Hashimoto, M.D., Ken Hashimoto, M.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Daniel W. Bath, Ph.D. Daniel W. Bath, Ph.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 59, Issue 3, September 1977, Pages 775–785, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/59.3.775 Published: 01 September 1977 Article history Received: 04 August 1976 Revision received: 18 January 1977 Accepted: 21 March 1977 Published: 01 September 1977
Low-dose continuous infusion 5-fluorouracil combined with weekly leucovorin, nab-paclitaxel, oxaliplatin, and bevacizumab for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer: A pilot study.
Authors: W. H. Isacoff, H. A. Reber, F. M. Purcell, B. M. Clerkin, K. M. Clerkin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e14545 Background: Gemcitabine based chemotherapy has become the standard of care for first-line treatment of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. However, median survival remains disappointing. Continuous infusion 5-fluorouracil (5 FU), calcium leucovorin plus paclitaxel and oxaliplatin has shown activity in patients with pancreatic cancer. As a protracted low dose infusion, 5FU is antiangiogenic and potentiates bevacizumab as observed in the treatment of colon cancer. When combined with bevacizumab, nab-paclitaxel is also synergetic because of its antiangiogenic properties. We administered low doses of continuous cytotoxic chemotherapy with conventional anti-VEGF therapy for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Methods: Since July of 2008 we treated 28 patients with 5 FU (180 mg/m2/d) as a continuous infusion on days 1-15 via ambulatory chemotherapy pump into a surgically placed central venous line. Calcium leucovorin (20 mg/m2) IVP, nab-paclitaxel (100 mg/m2) IV as a 30 minute infusion and oxaliplatin (50 mg/m2) as a 60 minute infusion were given on days 1, 8 and 15. Bevacizumab (5 mg/kg) IV over 30 minutes was given on days 1 and 15. Cycles were repeated every 28 to 35 days. There were 9 males and 19 females whose median age was 58. Twenty patients had stage IV disease. Sites of distant metastasis included liver (11), lungs (3), peritoneal (4), and nodal (7). Results: There was 1 complete response and 13 partial responses; response rate of 50%. Overall survival has not been reached, but is greater than 8 months. Nineteen patients remain on therapy. Seven patients have died because of disease progression.Toxicity: Grade 3 and 4 toxicity included: nausea and vomiting (5), diarrhea (5), hypertension (4), renal failure (2). Neurotoxicity (of any grade) observed in 8 patients. There were no therapy related deaths. Conclusions: Low-dose continuous (metronomic therapy) cytotoxic chemotherapy when combined with antiangiogenic therapy is safe and effective for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. An expanded multi-institutional trial is being developed to confirm this single-institution experience. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Abraxis BioScience Abraxis BioScience
Reduction of Cerebral and Corpus Callosum Volumes in Childhood‐Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Volumetric Magnetic Resonance Imaging Analysis
Authors: Aline Tamires Lapa, Mariana Postal, Nailú Angélica Sinicato, Weslley Geraldo Ferreira, Bruna Siqueira Bellini, Paula Teixeira Fernandes, Leticia Rittner, Roberto Marini, Fernando Cendes, Simone Appenzeller
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2016)

Objective There have been few studies in which the prevalence of cerebral atrophy in childhood‐onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) volumetric measurements. This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of cerebral and corpus callosum atrophy in childhood‐onset SLE and to determine the possible relationships between atrophy and clinical, laboratory, and treatment features of the disease. Methods We included 76 patients with childhood‐onset SLE (69 female and 7 male; median age 16 years) and 66 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls. Neurologic manifestations were analyzed according to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria. These SLE patients were further assessed for clinical and laboratory manifestations of SLE, disease activity (using the SLE Disease Activity Index), damage (using the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/ACR Damage Index), and current and cumulative drug exposures. Scans were performed with a Philips 3.0T MRI scanner using a standardized protocol. Results Childhood‐onset SLE patients had significantly smaller cerebral and corpus callosum volumes than controls (median cerebral volume 1,067.9 cm 3 versus 1,172.7 cm 3 and median corpus callosum volume 11.6 cm 3 versus 13.7 cm 3 ; P &lt; 0.001). The presence of structural abnormalities was observed in 42 patients (55.3%) with childhood‐onset SLE. The presence of cerebral atrophy was associated with anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) ( P = 0.02), anti–double‐stranded DNA ( P = 0.02), and cumulative corticosteroid dose ( P = 0.04). The presence of corpus callosum atrophy was associated with low complement level ( P = 0.006) and acute confusional state ( P = 0.01). Serum levels of S100B or high molecular weight neurofilament and the presence of anti–ribosomal P were not associated with atrophy. Conclusion Structural brain abnormalities were observed in 55.3% of the patients and were associated with neuropsychiatric manifestations, aCL, and corticosteroid use. To determine permanent neurologic damage, longitudinal studies must be conducted in these patients.
Initial human experience of endoscopic ultrasound-guided photodynamic therapy with a novel photosensitizer and a flexible laser-light catheter
Authors: Jun-Ho Choi, Dongwook Oh, Jae Lee, Jin-hong Park, Kyu-pyo Kim, Seung Lee, Young-Joo Lee, Young-Suk Lim, Tae Song, Sang Lee, Dong-Wan Seo, Sung Lee, Myung-Hwan Kim, Do Park
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

New methods for the endoscopic selective ablation of locally advanced pancreaticobiliary malignancies as a minimally invasive approach are needed. Our aim was to examine the feasibility and safety of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS)-guided photodynamic therapy (PDT) for local tumor control in patients with locally advanced pancreaticobiliary malignancies.A chlorin e6 derivative and a flexible laser-light catheter were used to perform EUS-guided PDT in four patients with locally advanced pancreaticobiliary malignancies.EUS-guided PDT was technically feasible in all four patients with locally advanced pancreaticobiliary malignancies (two in the caudate lobe of the liver, one in the far distal bile duct, and one in the tail of the pancreas). No treatment-related complications occurred. The median volume of necrosis produced by PDT was 4.0 cm(3) (range 0.7 - 11.3). Disease remained stable in all four patients during a median follow-up of 5 months (range 3 - 7).These preliminary data suggest that EUS-guided PDT with a second-generation photosensitizer and a flexible laser probe is feasible and safe.